UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 20-F


REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

OR

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

OR

For fiscal year ended December 31, 2015
OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period fromto

OR

For the transition period from ____ to ______
OR

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report:


Date of event requiring this shell company report:

Commission file number001-32570



LOGO

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.

RESOURCES LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Province of British Columbia, Canada

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)


Suite 1201 – 1166 Alberni Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3Z3

1650 – 1066 West Hastings Street

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3X1

(Address of principal executive offices)


Susan McLeod, Vice-President Legal Affairs

Suite 1201 – 1166 Alberni Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3Z3

1650 – 1066 West Hastings Street

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3X1

Telephone: (604)687-4777

Email: smcleod@entreegold.com

smcleod@entreeresourcesltd.com

(Name, Telephone,E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Name of Exchange
Common Shares, no par value
NYSE MKT LLC

None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:None


Title of Class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of Each Exchange

on Which Registered

Common Shares, no par valueERLFFOver-the-Counter OTCQB Venture Market

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None



Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the Registrant'sRegistrant’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:As at December 31, 2015, 147,330,9172019, 175,470,074 Common Shares of the Registrant were issued and outstanding




outstanding.

Indicate by check mark if the registrantRegistrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes  ☐    No




If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes  ☐    No




Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrantRegistrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  ☐




Indicate by check mark whether the registrantRegistrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrantRegistrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes      No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or anon-accelerated filer. filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of "accelerated filer“large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and large accelerated filer"“emerging growth company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Emerging growth company

 


If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

†The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrantRegistrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP  

International Financial Reporting Standards as issued
Other  ☐
by the International Accounting Standards Board 


If "Other"“Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrantRegistrant has elected to follow:


Item 17  ☐    ItemItem 18  ☐

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐      No





TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1

CURRENCY

1

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 1

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO UNITED STATES INVESTORS

34

EXPLANATORY NOTE REGARDING PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

34
Non-U.S. GAAP

Non-IFRS Performance Measurement

34

Item 1.

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers11

Item 2.

 Item 2.Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable11

Item 3.

 Item 3.Key Information11

Item 4.

 Item 4.Information on the Company28

Item 4A.

 Item 4A.Unresolved Staff Comments10484

Item 5.

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects10484

Item 6.

Directors, Senior Management and Employees11390

Item 7.

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions137114
Item 8.Financial Information138

Item 8.

Financial Information116

Item 9.

The Offer and Listing139117
Item 10.Additional Information140

Item 10.

Additional Information117

Item 11.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk152128

Item 12.

Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities153129
Part II.154

Part II.

129

Item 13.

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies154129

Item 14.

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds154129

Item 15.

Controls and Procedures154130
Item 16.[Reserved]155

Item 16.

[Reserved]131

Item 16A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert155131

Item 16B.

Code of Ethics155131

Item 16C.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services155131

Item 16D.

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees156131

Item 16E.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers156132

Item 16F.

Changes in Registrant'sRegistrant’s Certifying Accountant156132
Item 16G.Corporate Governance156

Item 16G.

Corporate Governance132

Item 16H.

Mine Safety Disclosure.157132
Part III.157

Part III.

Item 17.Financial Statements157132
Item 18.Financial Statements157

Item 17.

Item 19.ExhibitsFinancial Statements179132
SIGNATURES180

Item 18.

Financial Statements132

Item 19.

Exhibits162

SIGNATURES

163




INTRODUCTION

In this annual report on Form20-F, which we refer to as the "Annual Report"“Annual Report”, except as otherwise indicated or as the context otherwise requires, the "Company"“Company”, "we"“we”, "our"“our” or "us"“us” or "Entrée"“Entrée” or "Entré“Entrée Gold"Resources” refers to Entrée Gold Inc.Resources Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries, as applicable. The Company is a "foreign“foreign private issuer"issuer” as defined inRule 3b-4 under the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "U.S.“U.S. Exchange Act"Act”). The equity securities of the Company are accordingly exempt from Sections 14(a), 14(b), 14(c), 14(f) and 16 of the U.S. Exchange Act pursuant toRule 3a12-3.

CURRENCY

Unless we otherwise indicate in this Annual Report, all references to "Canadian Dollars"“Canadian Dollars”, "Cdn $"“Cdn $” or "C$"“C$” are to the lawful currency of Canada and all references to "U.S. Dollars"“U.S. Dollars” or "$"“$” are to the lawful currency of the United States.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains "forward“forward looking information"information” and "forward-looking statements"“forward-looking statements” (together, "forward-looking statements"“forward-looking statements”) within the meaning of securities legislation in Canada and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Such forward-looking statements concern the Company'sCompany’s anticipated results and developments in the Company'sCompany’s operations in future periods, planned exploration and development of its properties, plans related to its business and other matters that may occur in the future. These statements relate to analyses and other information that are based on forecasts of future results, estimates of amounts not yet determinable and assumptions of management.

Statements concerning mineral resource estimates may also be deemed to constitute forward-looking statements to the extent that they involve estimates of the mineralization that will be encountered if the property is developed, and such statements reflect the conclusion based on certain assumptions that the mineral deposit can be economically exploited. Any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (often, but not always, using words or phrases such as "expects"“expects” or "does“does not expect"expect”, "is expected"“is expected”, "anticipates"“anticipates” or "does“does not anticipate"anticipate”, "plans"“plans”, "estimates"“estimates” or "intends"“intends”, or stating that certain actions, events or results "may"“may”, "could"“could”, "would"“would”, "might"“might” or "will"“will” be taken, occur or be achieved) are not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements. While the Company has based these forward-looking statements on its expectations about future events as at the date that such statements were prepared, the statements are not a guarantee of the Company'sCompany’s future performance and are based on numerous assumptions regarding present and future business strategies, the correct interpretation of agreements, laws and regulations, local and global economic conditions legal proceedings and negotiations and the environment in which Entrée will operate in the future, including commodity prices, projected grades, projected dilution, anticipated capital and operating costs and anticipated future production and cash flows, the anticipated location of certain infrastructure and sequence of mining, the construction and development of the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine, and the status of Entrée'se’s relationship and interaction with the Government of Mongolia, OTLLC, Rio Tinto and Turquoise Hill. The 2018 PEA is based on a conceptual mine plan that includes Inferred resources. Numerous assumptions were made in the preparation of the 2018 PEA, including with respect to mineability, capital and operating costs, production schedules, the timing of construction and expansion of mining and processing facilities, and recoveries, that may change materially once production commences at Hugo North Extension Lift 1 and additional development and capital decisions are required.

Important risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors which could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include, without limitation:

·the approval of the 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study by OTLLC and its shareholders;
·

the timing and cost of the construction and expansion of Oyu Tolgoi mining and processing facilities;

·

the timing and availability of a long termlong-term domestic power source for Oyu Tolgoi (or the availability of financing for OTLLC to construct such a source);

the ability of OTLLC to secure and draw down on the supplemental debt under the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine;project finance facility and the availability of additional financing on terms reasonably acceptable to OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto to further develop Oyu Tolgoi;

·the timing to satisfy all conditions precedent to the first drawdown of Oyu Tolgoi project financing;
·the impact of the delay in the funding and development of the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine;
·

delays, and the costs which would result from delays, in the development of the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine;

the status of the relationship and interaction between OTLLC, Rio Tinto and Turquoise Hill with the Government of Mongolia on the continued operation and development of Oyu Tolgoi and OTLLC internal governance;

the anticipated location of certain infrastructure and sequence of mining;

projected commodity prices and their market demand;

·

production estimates and the anticipated yearly production of copper, gold and silver at the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine;Tolgoi;

·whether

any changes to the size, grade and continuity of deposits and resource and reserve estimates have been interpreted correctly from exploration results;assumptions underlying the 2018 PEA;

·whether the results of preliminary test work are indicative of what the results of future test work will be;

unanticipated costs, expenses or liabilities;

·fluctuations in commodity prices

discrepancies between actual and demand;estimated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries;

·

development plans for processing resources;

the outcome of the Definitive Estimate;

matters relating to proposed exploration or expansion;

mining operational and development risks, including geotechnical risks and ground conditions;

regulatory restrictions (including environmental regulatory restrictions and liability);

risks related to international operations, including legal and political risk in Mongolia;

risks related to the potential impact of global or national health concerns, including the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic;

risks associated with changes in the attitudes of governments to foreign investment;

risks associated with the conduct of joint ventures;

inability to upgrade Inferred mineral resources to Indicated or Measured mineral resources;

inability to convert mineral resources to mineral reserves;

conclusions of economic evaluations;

changing foreign exchange rates;

1

·

the speculative nature of mineral exploration;

the global economic climate;

dilution;

share price volatility;

activities, actions or assessments by Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill and/or OTLLC and by government authorities including the Government of Mongolia;

·requirements for additional capital and

the availability of funding on reasonable terms;

·

the impact of changes in interpretation to or changes in enforcement of laws, regulations and government practices, including laws, regulations and government practices with respect to mining, foreign investment, royalties and taxation;

·

the terms and timing of obtaining necessary environmental and other government approvals, consents and permits;

·

the availability and cost of necessary items such as power, water, skilled labour, transportation and appropriate smelting and refining arrangements;

·misjudgements in the course of preparing forward-looking statements;

unanticipated reclamation expenses;

·risks related to international operations, including legal and political risk in Mongolia;

geotechnical or hydrogeological considerations during mining being different from what was assumed;

·risks associated with

changes to assumptions as to the availability of electrical power, and the power rates used in the attitudes of governments to foreign investment;operating cost estimates and financial analyses;

·risks associated with the conduct of joint ventures;

changes to assumptions as to salvage values;

·discrepancies between actual and anticipated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries;

ability to maintain the social licence to operate;

·global financial conditions;
·changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined;
·inability to upgrade Inferred mineral resources to Indicated or Measured mineral resources;
·inability to convert mineral resources to mineral reserves;
·conclusions of economic evaluations;
·failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate as anticipated;
·

accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry;

·

environmental risks;

·

global climate change;

title disputes;

·

limitations on insurance coverage;

competition;

loss of key employees;

cyber security incidents;

misjudgements in the course of preparing forward-looking statements;

the potential application of the Government of Mongolia'sMongolia’s Resolution 81, Resolution 140 and Resolution 175 to the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant licences;

·

risks related to officers and directors becoming associated with other natural resource companies which may give rise to conflicts of interests;

·

risks that the Company could be deemed a passive foreign investment company, which could have negative consequences for U.S. investors;

·

risks related to differences in United States and Canadian reporting of reserves and resources;

·

risks related to the potential inability of U.S. investors to enforce civil liabilities against the Company or its directors, controlling persons and officers; and

·

risks related to the Company being a foreign private issuer under U.SU.S. securities laws.laws; and

risks related to the voluntary delisting of the Company’s Common Shares from the NYSE American LLC.

The above list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect our forward-looking statements. Some of the important risks and uncertainties that could affect forward-looking statements are described further under the section heading "Item“Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors"Factors” below in this Annual Report. Should one or more of these risks and uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management'smanagement’s beliefs, estimates and opinions on the date the statements are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements if these beliefs, estimates and opinions or other circumstances should change, except as required by law. Investors are cautioned against attributing undue certainty to forward-looking statements.

The Company qualifies all the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report by the foregoing cautionary statements.

2

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO UNITED STATES INVESTORS

REGARDING MINERAL RESERVE AND RESOURCE ESTIMATES

As used in this Annual Report, the terms "mineral reserve"“mineral reserve”, "Proven“Proven mineral reserve"reserve” and "Probable“Probable mineral reserve"reserve” are Canadian mining terms as defined in accordance with Canadian NationalInstrument 43-101Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("(“NI 43-101"43-101”) and the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum ("CIM"(“CIM”) -CIM Definition Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council on May 10, 2014, as amended. These definitions differ from the definitions in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's ("SEC"Commission’s (“SEC”) Industry Guide 7 ("(“SEC Industry Guide 7"7”) under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("(“U.S. Securities Act"Act”). Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a "final"“final” or "bankable"“bankable” Feasibility Study is required to report reserves, the three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves and all necessary permits and governmental authorizations must be filed with the appropriate governmental authority.

In addition, the terms "mineral resource"“mineral resource”, "Measured“Measured mineral resource"resource”, "Indicated“Indicated mineral resource"resource” and "Inferred“Inferred mineral resource"resource” are defined in and required to be disclosed byNI 43-101; however, these terms are not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7 and are normallyhave historically not been permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves. "Inferred“Inferred mineral resources"resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all, or any part, of an Inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of Feasibility orPre-Feasibility studies, except in rare cases. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an Inferred mineral resource exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of "contained ounces"“contained ounces” in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute "reserves"“reserves” by SEC Industry Guide 7 standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures.

Accordingly, information contained in this Annual Report and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain descriptions of our mineral deposits that may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subjectpursuant to the reporting and disclosure requirements under the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

SEC Industry Guide 7.

EXPLANATORY NOTE REGARDING PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

International Financial Reporting Standards

The Company is a "foreign“foreign private issuer"issuer” under SEC regulations. The Company files its financial statements with both Canadian and U.S. securities regulatorsregulators. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) which differs in certain respects from United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principals (“U.S. GAAP”). For periods up to and including the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP,GAAP. The Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 were the first that it prepared in accordance with IFRS as permitted under current regulations.  In 2008,issued by the Accounting Standards Board in Canada and the Canadian Securities Administrators ("CSA") confirmed that domestic issuers were required to transition to International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. On June 27, 2008, the CSA Staff issued Staff Notice 52-321 – Early Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, Use of US GAAP and References to IFRS-IASB which confirmed that domestic issuers that are also SEC registrants are able to continue to use U.S. GAAP. Consequently, the Company is not required to convert to IFRS effective January 1, 2011 and has elected to continue using U.S. GAAP.

IASB.

The annual audited consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report are reported in United States dollars, unless otherwise specified. All references to "Common Shares" mean common sharesTable amounts are expressed in the capital stockthousands of Entrée Gold Inc.  See "Exchange Rate" below.

Non-U.S. GAAPUnited States dollars, except per share amounts and where otherwise specified.

Non-IFRS Performance Measurement

Non-U.S. GAAP

Non-IFRS Performance Measurement: "Cash costs"“Cash costs after credits” (“C1”) and "all-inall-in sustaining costs" ("ASIC"cost (“AISC”) are non-U.S. GAAPnon-IFRS performance measurements. These performance measurements are included because these statistics are widely accepted as the standard of reporting cash costs of production in North America. These performance measurements do not have a meaning within U.S. GAAPIFRS and, therefore, amounts presented may not be comparable to similar data presented by other mining companies. These performance measurements should not be considered in isolation as a substitute for measures of performance in accordance with U.S. GAAP.IFRS.

3



Glossary of Mining Terms

alteration

  

A change in the minerals or chemistry of a rock as a result of chemical reactions with hydrothermal fluids. Alteration zones are areas of altered rock that commonly surround hydrothermal mineral deposits.


anomaly

  


A departure from the norm which may indicate the presence of mineralization in the underlying bedrock. Common anomalies encountered during mineral exploration are: IP, magnetic, and geochemical.

assay

  

The chemical analysis of an ore, mineral or concentrate of metal to determine the precise quantity of specific metals or elements.

block caving

  

A method of mining in which large blocks of ore are undercut by tunnels and caverns, causing the ore to break or cave under its own weight.

chip sample

  

A sample of rock collected by chipping rock fragments continuously along a width of rock exposure in order to collect an equal volume of rock along the length of the sample.

claim

concentrate

  

An area of ground in which the mineral rights have been acquired; also called a tenement, exploration licence or exploration concession.
concentrate

Finely ground product of the milling process containing a high percentage of the valuable metal(s). This product is generally sent to smelters for further processing and refining.

CuEq

  

A copper equivalent is the grade of one commodity converted to the equivalent grade of copper using metal prices and adjusted for mill recovery rates.

cut-off grade

  

The lowest grade of mineral resources considered economic; used in the calculation of reserves and resources in a given deposit.

deposit

  

A mineral occurrence of sufficient size and grade that it might, under favorable circumstances, be considered to have economic potential.

diamond drilling

  

A method of rotary drilling in rock, usually for exploratory purposes, using hollow diamond-crowned bits to obtain core for examination. Provides material for assays and for geological observation.

drill core

  

A long, continuous cylindrical sample of rock brought to surface by diamond drilling.

fault

  

A fracture in rock along which the adjacent rock units are relatively displaced.

Feasibility Study (FS)
  

A comprehensive technical and economic study of the selected development option for a mineral project that includes appropriately detailed assessments of realistically assumed mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and governmental considerations together with any other relevant operational factors and detailed financial analysis, that are necessary to demonstrate at the time of reporting that extraction is reasonably justified (economically mineable). The results of the study may reasonably serve as the basis for a final decision by a proponent or financial institution to proceed with, or finance, the development of the project. The confidence level of the study will be higher than that of aPre-Feasibility study.

4

flotation

  

A milling process by which some mineral particles are induced to become attached to bubbles of froth and to float, and others to sink, so that the valuable minerals are concentrated and separated from those minerals without value.

grade
  


grade

The relative quantity or the percentage ofore-mineral or metal content in an ore body.

gravity

  

A method of ground geophysical surveying that measures the gravitational field at a series of different locations. This data determines the different densities of the underlying rock and can show anomalous density or mass deficits that can be used to define targets of interest.

heap leach

Indicated mineral resource

  

A process used for the recovery of oxidized copper or gold from weathered low-grade ore. Crushed mineralized material is "heaped" on impervious pads and leached by the percolation of a leach liquid trickling through the beds and dissolving the metal. The metals are recovered from the solution by conventional methods (see "solvent extraction/electrowinning").
Indicated mineral resource

That part of a mineral resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics, can be estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.


induced polarization (IP)

  


A method of ground geophysical surveying employing an electrical current to determine indications of mineralization.


Inferred mineral

resource

  

That part of a mineral resource for which quantity, grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity. The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes.


intrusive/intrusion

  


Rock which while molten, penetrated into or between other rocks but solidified before reaching the surface.


Measured mineral

resource

  

That part of a mineral resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are so well established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade continuity.


metallurgy

  


The science that deals with procedures used in extracting metals from their ores, purifying and alloying metals, and creating useful objects from metals.

5

mineral reserve

  

A mineral reserve is the economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated mineral resource demonstrated by at least aPre-Feasibility study. This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified. A mineral reserve includes diluting materials and allowances for losses that may occur when the material is mined.

Mineral reserves aresub-divided in order of increasing confidence into Probable mineral reserves and Proven mineral reserves. A Probable mineral reserve has a lower level of confidence than a Proven mineral reserve.


mineral resource

  


A concentration or occurrence of diamonds, natural solid inorganic material, or natural solid fossilized organic material including base and precious metals, coal, and industrial minerals in or on the Earth'sEarth’s crust in such form and quantity and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, geological characteristics and continuity of a mineral resource are known, estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge.

Mineral resources aresub-divided, in order of increasing geological confidence, into Inferred, Indicated and Measured categories. An Inferred mineral resource has a lower level of confidence than that applied to an Indicated mineral resource. An Indicated mineral resource has a higher level of confidence than an Inferred mineral resource but has a lower level of confidence than a Measured mineral resource.

net present value (NPV)

  

The present value of the total revenue stream for the proposed mine taking into account a discount rate for future revenue and costs, and current capital costs.


net smelter returns (NSR)

  

The gross proceeds that the owner of a mining property receives from the sale of products less deductions of certain limited costs including smelting, refining, transportation and insurance costs.


NI43-101

  


National Instrument43-101Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects of the CSA establishes the standards for disclosure of scientific and technical information regarding mineral projects that is intended to be, or reasonably likely to be, made available to the Canadian public.

NSR royalty

  

The percentage of net smelter returns that the mine is obligated to pay to the royalty holder.

open pit mining

  

A form of mining designed to extract minerals that lie near the surface. Waste, or overburden is first removed and the mineral-bearing rock is broken, removed and processed to remove the valuable metal. (Similar terms: opencast mining, open cut mining).

ore

  

The naturally occurring material from which a mineral or minerals of economic value can be extracted at a reasonable profit. Also, the mineral(s) thus extracted.

oxidation

  

A chemical reaction caused by exposure to oxygen which results in a change in the chemical composition of a mineral.

oxidized or oxide minerals

  

Oxide-

Oxide and carbonate-based minerals formed by the weathering of sulphide minerals. Examples include: malachite, turquoise and chrysocolla.

6

porphyry

  

An igneous rock of any composition that contains conspicuous, large mineral crystals in a fine-grained groundmass; a porphyritic igneous rock.

porphyry copper deposit

  

A large mineral deposit, typically within porphyry rocks, that contains disseminated copper sulphide and other minerals. Such deposits are mined in bulk on a large scale, generally in open pits, for copper and possiblyby-product molybdenum, gold and silver.

Pre-Feasibility study

  

A comprehensive study of a range of options for the technical and economic viability of a mineral project that has advanced to a stage where a preferred mining method, in the case of underground mining, or the pit configuration, in the case of an open pit, is established and an effective method of mineral processing is determined. It includes a financial analysis based on reasonable assumptions on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and governmental considerations and the evaluation of any other relevant factors which are sufficient for a QP, acting reasonably, to determine if all or part of the mineral resource may be classified as a mineral reserve.


Preliminary Economic

Assessment (PEA)

  


A study, other than aPre-Feasibility or Feasibility study, that includes an economic analysis of the potential viability of mineral resources.

Probable mineral reserve

  

The economically mineable part of an Indicated and, in some circumstances, a Measured mineral resource demonstrated by at least aPre-Feasibility study. This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified.


Proven mineral reserve

  

The economically mineable part of a Measured mineral resource demonstrated by at least aPre-Feasibility study. This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction is justified.


Qualified Person (QP)

  


An individual defined under NI43-101 who is an engineer or geoscientist with at least five years of experience in mineral exploration, mine development or operation or mineral project assessment, or any combination of these; has experience relevant to the subject matter of the mineral project and the technical report; and is a member or licensee in good standing of a professional association.

quality assurance/quality

control (QA/QC)

  

Quality assurance is information collected to demonstrate and quantify the reliability of assay data. Quality control consists of procedures used to maintain a desired level of quality in an assay database.

reverse circulation (RC) drilling
  

A type of percussion drilling where a hammer force is transmitted down a length of steel drill rods to a rotating bit that breaks the rock into chips. The method involves forcing air and/or water down the outer chamber of twin-walled drill rods to the drill bit where the rock chips are picked up and driven back to the surface through the inner chamber of the rods. RC drilling is faster and less expensive than diamond drilling. However, RC drilling only produces fragments and chips of broken rock, so less geological information is available than would be obtained from drill core.

smelter

  

Any metallurgical operation in which metal is separated by fusion from those impurities with which it may be chemically combined or physically mixed, such as in ores.

7

solvent extraction/electrowinning (SX/EW)

stripping

  

A process to recover metallic copper from acidic heap leach solutions (see "heap leach") by selectively collecting the copper with an organic solvent.  Copper is then removed from the organic solution into an electrolytic solution and then metallic (anode) copper produced by applying an electric current across the solution. The heap leach and SX/EW process is generally lower cost than conventional treatment of sulphide ores and can treat lower grades.
strip ratio

The ratio of waste rock that must be removed for every tonne of ore that is mined in an open pit.
stripping

The removal of earth ornon-ore rock materials as required to gain access to the desired ore or mineral materials; the process of removing overburden or waste material in a surface mining operation.

sulphide mineralization

  

Compounds of sulphur with other metallic elements. Common copper examples are chalcopyrite and bornite.

tailings

  

The fine, sandy material without valuable metals remaining after the treatment of ground ore resulting in the removal of the valuable metals and production of concentrate (see "concentrate"“concentrate”).

trench

  

In geological exploration, a narrow, shallow ditch cut across a mineral showing or deposit to obtain samples or to observe rock character.

underground mining

  

Extraction of ores, rocks and minerals from below the surface of the ground. Generally access to the underground mine workings is through an adit (sub-horizontal(sub-horizontal entrance in the side of a hill), down asub-vertical mine shaft or through some other tunnel configuration. Generally higher cost than open pit mining.


vug
Units of Measure

billion

  

A small cavity in a rock, usually lined with crystals of a different mineral composition than the enclosing rock.

B


8

billion tonnes

  

Bt

Units of Measure
billion

cubic metre

  
B

m3

billion tonnes

cubic metre per tonne

  

Bt

m3/t

cubic metre

degree

  

m3

°

degree

degrees Celsius

  

°

C

degrees Celsius

dollar (U.S.)

  

°C

$

dollar (U.S.)

dry metric tons

  

$

dmt

dry metric tons

gram

  
dmt

g

gram

grams per tonne

  

g

g/t

grams per tonne

greater than

  

g/t

>

greater than

>

hectare (10,000 m2)

  

ha

kilo troy ounces

  

koz

kilogram

  

kg

kilometre

  

km

kilometres per hour

  

km/hr

kilovolt

  

kV

kilowatt hour

kilotonnes per day

  

kWh

kt/d


kilotonnes per hour

kt/h

kilowatt hour

kWh

kilowatt hours per tonne (metric)

  

kWh/t

less than

  

<

litre

  

L

litres per second

  

L/s

litres per tonne

  

L/t

megawatts

  

MW

metre

  

m

metres above sea level

  

masl

9

metres per second

  

m/s

microns

  

µm

millimetre

  

mm

million

  

M

million pounds

  

Mlb

million ounces

  

Moz

million tonnes

  

Mt

Million tonnes per annum

Mt/a

minute (geographic coordinate)

  
'

ounce

  

oz

parts per million

  

ppm

per

  

/

per annum (year)

  

/a

per day

  

/d

percent

  

%

pound(s)

  

lb

second (geographic coordinate)

  
"

square centimetre

  

cm2

square kilometre

  

km2

square metre

  

m2

three dimensional

  

3D

tonne (1,000 kg)

  

t

tonnes per cubic metre

  

t/m3

tonnes per day

  

tpd

tonnes per year

  

t/a


10


PART I.

Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
Item 1.

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

Not Applicable.

Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Item 2.

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not Applicable.

Item 3. Key Information

Item 3.

Key Information

A.

Selected Financial Data

The selected financial data and the information in the following table of the Company as at December 31, 2015, 2014, 2013, 20122019, 2018 and 20112017 and for the years then ended was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company, audited by Davidson & Company LLP, independent Registered Public Accountant,Chartered Professional Accountants, as indicated in their report which is included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

The selected historical consolidated financial information presented below is condensed and may not contain all of the information that you should consider. This selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our annual audited consolidated financial statements, the notes thereto and the sections entitled "Item“Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors"Factors” and "Item“Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects"Prospects”.

The table below sets forth selected consolidated financial data under U.S. GAAP.IFRS. The information has been derived from our annual audited consolidated financial statements set forth in "Item“Item 18. Financial Statements"Statements”.

    
                        2019                      2018                      2017 
  

Expenses

      
  

Exploration

  $173  $175  $332 
  

General and administrative

   1,490   1,145   1,656 
  

Share-based compensation

   340   506   678 
  

Depreciation

   105   22   20 
  

Other

   -   (13  192 
    

Operating loss

   2,108   1,835   2,878 
  

Gain on sale of investments

   (123  -   - 
  

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

   (195  287   (380
  

Interest income

   (137  (111  (116
  

Interest expense

   319   307   287 
  

Loss from equity investee

   273   175   215 
  

Finance costs

   29   -   - 
  

Deferred revenue finance costs

   3,250   2,985   - 
  

Gain on sale of mining property interest

   -   (353  - 
  

Unrealized loss on investments

   -   73   - 
  

Loss on the Arrangement

   -   -   33,627 
  

Loss before income taxes

   5,524   5,198   36,511 
  

Income tax recovery

   -   -   (72
  

Net loss from continuing operations

   5,524   5,198   36,439 
  

Discontinued operations

      
  

Net loss from discontinued operations

   -   -   176 
  

Net loss for the year

   5,524   5,198   36,615 
  

Other comprehensive loss (income)

      
  

Foreign currency translation

   2,095   (3,372  1,684 
  

Total comprehensive loss

  $7,619  $1,826  $38,299 
  

Net loss per common share

      
  

Basic and fully diluted – continuing operations

  $(0.03 $(0.03 $(0.21
  

Basic and fully diluted – discontinued operations

  $(0.00 $(0.00 $(0.00
  

Weighted average number of common shares

      
  

Basic and fully diluted (000’s)

   174,907   174,344   172,259 
  

Total common shares issued and outstanding (000’s)

   175,470   174,807   173,573 
In this Annual Report all dollars are expressed in United States dollars unless otherwise stated.

  2015  2014  2013  2012  2011 
Exploration $5,139,076  $9,018,994  $5,808,316  $7,966,902  $17,532,831 
General and administrative  
4,555,363
   3,936,413   5,510,641   4,295,800   4,921,284 
Interest expense (income)  
412,077
   (30,154)  (171,143)  38,910   (290,391)
Stock-based compensation  
197,375
   251,390   1,422,297   1,207,878   991,161 
Deferred income tax (recovery) expense  
160,173
   (3,933,392)  (2,381,868)  329,770   (4,981,884)
Consultancy and advisory fees  
125,000
   830,623   1,941,130   -   - 
Loss from equity investee  
118,712
   107,907   146,051   1,012,156   2,397,085 
Depreciation  42,528   65,517   102,941   150,654   196,221 
Current income tax expense (recovery)  
218
   (123,255)  319,112   -   152,190 
Fair value adjustment of asset backed commercial papers  
-
   -   (147,564)  -   - 
Gain on sale of investments  
-
   -   -   -   (3,326,275)
Impairment of mineral property interests  
-
   552,095   437,732   486,746   531,005 
Gain on sale of mineral property interest  
-
   (28,096)  (451,892)  (104,914)  (1,574,523)
Foreign exchange loss (gain)  (2,919,459)  (1,978,854)  (1,113,728)  (187,773)  
491,504
 
Net loss for the year  
7,831,063
   8,669,188   11,422,025   15,196,129   17,140,208 
Net loss per share, basic and diluted  (0.05)  (0.06)  (0.08)  (0.12)  (0.15)
Total assets  61,662,485   79,690,498   97,395,105   64,173,530   74,589,810 
Total long term liabilities  
39,315,880
   44,269,904   50,956,860   15,286,041   13,720,492 
Working capital(1)
  
21,844,252
   32,603,711   46,394,496   4,699,256   19,004,136 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding  
147,036,578
   146,883,700   143,847,888   128,650,791   115,978,815 
(1)Working capital is defined as Current Assets less Current Liabilities.
11

Exchange Rates
The following table sets out the average exchange rates for one United States dollar expressed in terms of Canadian dollars (based on the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month) in each of the years 2011 to 2015, and the high, low, and end of period rate for each of those years.  
 20152014201320122011
High for period1.39901.16431.06971.04181.0604
Low for period1.17281.06140.98390.97100.9449
End of period1.38401.16011.06360.99491.0170
Average for period1.27871.10451.02990.99960.9891
      
The following table sets out the high and low exchange rates for one United States dollar expressed in terms of Canadian dollars in each of the months September 2015 to February 2016.
 SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberJanuaryFebruary
 201520152015201520162016
High1.34131.32421.33601.39901.45891.4040
Low1.31471.29041.30951.33601.39691.3523
       
Exchange rates are based on the Bank of Canada nominal noon exchange rates. The nominal noon exchange rate on March 30, 2016 as reported by the Bank of Canada for the conversion of United States dollars into Canadian dollars was US$1.00 = C$ 1.2962.

B.

Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not Applicable.

12

C.

Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not Applicable.

D.

Risk Factors

In addition to the other information presented in this Annual Report, the following should be considered carefully in evaluating us and our business. This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

The significant propertiesproperty in which the Company has an interest are allis currently at the exploration or development stage. The activities of the Company are speculative due to the high riskhigh-risk nature of its business which is the acquisition, financing, exploration and development of mining properties. The following risk factors, which are not exhaustive, could materially affect the Company'sCompany’s business, financial condition or results of operations and could cause actual events to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements relating to the Company. These risks include but are not limited to the following:

Legal and Political Risks

Entrée may have to make certain concessions to the Government of Mongolia.

The Minerals Law of Mongolia provides that the State may be an equity participant with any private legal entity, up to a 34% equity interest, in the exploitation of any Strategic Deposit where the quantity and grade of the deposit have been defined by exploration that has not been funded from the State budget.

Under Resolution No 57. dated July 16, 2009 of the State Great Khural, the Oyu Tolgoi series of deposits were declared to be Strategic Deposits.

The Ministry of Mining has advised Entrée that it considers the deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property to be part of the Oyu Tolgoi series of Oyu Tolgoi deposits, which were declared to be Strategic Deposits under Resolution No 57. dated July 16, 2009 of the State Great Khural.deposits. Entrée has been in discussions with stakeholders of the Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Government of Mongolia, OTLLC, Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto, since the Government of Mongolia temporarily restricted the joint venture licences from transfer in February 2013. The discussions to date have focussed on issues arising from Entrée'se’s exclusion from the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, including the fact that the Government of Mongolia does not have a full 34% interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property; the fact that the mining licences integral to future underground operations are held by more than one corporate entity; and the fact that Entrée does not benefit from the stability that it would otherwise have if it were a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. In order to receive the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, the Government of Mongolia may require Entrée to agree to certain concessions, including with respect to the ownership of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, Entrée LLC or the economic benefit of Entrée'se’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, or the royalty rates applicable to Entrée'se’s share of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineralization. No agreements have been finalized.

If the parties fail to reach mutually acceptable agreements in a timely manner, there is a risk that the Government of Mongolia may resort to measures which, whether legitimate or not, could have an adverse effect on the business, assets and financial condition of Entrée as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price. Such measures could include suspending, revoking, cancelling or withdrawing the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences; attempting to invalidate, confiscate, expropriate or rescind the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV or Entrée'se’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property; and filing legal proceedings against Entrée.

Entrée is subject to legal and political risk in Mongolia.

Entrée'se’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and Shivee West areProject is not covered by the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. Government policy may change to discourage foreign investment, nationalization of the mining industry may occur and other government limitations, restrictions or requirements may be implemented. There can be no assurance that Entrée'se’s assets will not be subject to nationalization, requisition, expropriation or confiscation, whether legitimate or not, by any authority or body. In addition, there can be no assurance that neighbouring countries'countries’ political and economic policies in relation to Mongolia will not have adverse economic effects on the development of Entrée'se’s assets, including with respect to ability to access power, transport and sell products and access construction labour, supplies and materials. The political, social and economic environment in Mongolia presents a number of serious risks, including: uncertain legal enforcement; invalidation, confiscation, expropriation or rescission of governmental orders, permits, licences, agreements and property rights; the effects of local political, labour and economic developments, instability and unrest; corruption, requests for improper payments or other corrupt practices; and significant or abrupt changes in the applicable regulatory or legal climate.

13

There is no assurance that provisions under Mongolian law for compensation and reimbursement of losses to investors under such circumstances would be effective to restore the full value of Entrée'se’s original investment or to compensate for the loss of the current value of its assets. Entrée may be affected in varying degrees by, among other things, government regulations with respect to restrictions on foreign ownership, state ownership of Strategic Deposits, royalties, production, price controls, export controls, income and other taxes, expropriation of property, employment, land use, water use, environmental legislation, mine safety and annual fees to maintain mining licences in good standing. The regulatory environment is in a state of continuing change, and new laws, regulations and requirements may be retroactive in their effect and implementation. There can be no assurance that Mongolian laws protecting foreign investments will not be amended or abolished or that existing laws will be enforced or interpreted to provide adequate protection against any or all of the risks described above.

The legal framework in Mongolia is, in many instances, based on recent political reforms or newly enacted legislation, which may not be consistent with long-standing local conventions and customs. There may be ambiguities, inconsistencies and anomalies in the agreements, licences and title documents through which Entrée holds its assets, or the underlying legislation upon which those assets are based, which are atypical of more developed legal systems and which may affect the interpretation and enforcement of Entrée'se’s rights and obligations. Mongolian institutions and bureaucracies responsible for administering laws may lack a proper understanding of the laws or the experience necessary to apply them in a modern business context. Many laws have been enacted, but in many instances they are neither understood nor enforced and may be applied in an inconsistent, arbitrary and unfair manner, while legal remedies may be uncertain, delayed or unavailable. In addition, Entrée'se’s licences, permits and assets are often affected in varying degrees, by political instability and governmental regulations and bureaucratic processes, any one or more of which could preclude Entrée from carrying out business activities fairly in Mongolia. Legal redress for such actions, if available, is uncertain and can often involve significant delays.

Even Entrée’s best efforts to comply with the laws and regulations may not result in effective compliance in the determination of government representatives, which may have a material adverse impact on the Company and its share price. Accordingly, while the Company believes that it has taken the legal steps necessary to obtain and hold its assets in Mongolia, there can be no guarantee that such steps will be sufficient to preserve those interests.

Entrée is not presently a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, and there can be no assurance that Entrée will be entitled to all of the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

Entrée is not presently a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. Although OTLLC agreed under the terms of theEarn-In Agreement to use its best efforts to cause Entrée to be brought within the ambit of, made subject to and be entitled to the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement or a separate stability agreement on substantially similar terms to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, unless and until Entrée finalizes agreements with the Government of Mongolia and other Oyu Tolgoi stakeholders, there can be no assurance that Entrée will be entitled to all of the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, including stability with respect to taxes payable. If Entrée is not entitled to all of the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, it could be subject to the surtax royalty which came into effect in Mongolia on January 1, 2011. The rates of the surtax royalty vary from 1% to 5% for minerals other than copper. For copper, the surtax royalty rates range between 22% and 30% for ore, between 11% and 15% for concentrates, and between 1% and 5% for final products. No surtax royalty is charged on any minerals below a certain threshold market price, which varies depending on the type of minerals. This is in addition to the standard royalty rates of 2.5% for coal sold in Mongolia and commonly occurring minerals sold in Mongolia, and 5% for all other minerals.

Even if Entrée does finalize agreements with the Government of Mongolia and other Oyu Tolgoi stakeholders, there can be no assurance that the present or future Parliament will refrain from enacting legislation that undermines such agreements or the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement or otherwise adversely impacts Entrée’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property or that the present or a future government will refrain from adopting government policies or seeking to renegotiate the terms of such agreements or the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement (which was threatened in both 2011 and 2012) in ways that are adverse to Entrée'se’s interests or that impair OTLLC'sOTLLC’s ability to develop and operate the Oyu Tolgoi project on the basis currently contemplated, which may have a material adverse impact on Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

14

Recent and future amendments to Mongolian laws could adversely affect Entrée'se’s interests.

The Government of Mongolia has put in place a framework and environment for foreign direct investment. However, there are political constituencies within Mongolia that have espoused ideas that would not be regarded by the international mining community as conducive to foreign investment if they were to become law or official government policy.  This was evidenced by revisions to the Minerals Law in 2006 as well as by the recent passage of legislation to control foreign direct investment in strategic sectors of the Mongolian economy, including mining.

In October 2011, Prime Minister Batbold stated in his 2012 budget speech that the Government of Mongolia is revisiting all treaties for the avoidance of double taxation, including the 2002 convention between Canada and Mongolia for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and on capital (the "Canadian Double Tax Treaty").

On November 1, 2013, a newan Investment Law came into effect in Mongolia. The new law iswas aimed at reviving foreign investment by easing restrictions on investors (including foreign and domestic) in key sectors such as mining and by providing greater certainty on the taxes they must pay.  The new law replaces two previous laws, including SEFIL.  The full impact of the new Investment Law is not yet known.

pay and certain guarantees in relation to their investments in Mongolia.

On January 16, 2014, the Mongolian Parliament adopted a new State Minerals Policy. The main focus of the policy is to establish a stable investment environment; improve the quality of mineral exploration, mining and processing; encourage the use of environmentally friendly and modern technology; and strengthen the competitiveness of the Mongolian mining sector on the international market. The State Minerals Policy is also intended to serve as the basis for amendments to the existing Minerals Law and other laws relating to the mining sector. On July 1, 2014, the Mongolian Parliament passed the 2014 Amendments to the Minerals Law.  In addition, the Mongolian Parliament also passed a separate law which repeals the 2010 statute which imposed a moratorium on the granting of new exploration licences and the transfer of existing licences. The 2014 Amendments extend the maximum period for an exploration licence from 9 years to 12 years (although it ended the three year pre-mining period sometimes given to licence holders upon the expiration of their exploration rights), extend the requirement for holders of mining licences to ensure that 90% of their workforce is comprised of Mongolian nationals to the mining licence holder's subcontractors as well, make clearer the roles and responsibilities of government ministries and departments with respect to mineral matters, modify the definition of Strategic Deposit to reflect its impact on the national economy and not regional economy, and provide for some instances where a tender may not be required to obtain minerals licences where state funding has been used if related to compensation for declaring a special needs area, among other changes.

On February 18, 2015, the Mongolian Parliament adopted the 2015 Amendment, which permits a licence holder to negotiate with the Government of Mongolia with respect to an exchange of the Government'sGovernment’s 34% (50% in cases where exploration has been funded by the State budget) equity interest in a licence holder with a Strategic Deposit for an additional royalty payable to the Government. The amount of the royalty payment would vary depending on the particulars of the Strategic Deposit but cannot exceed 5%. The rate of this royalty payment shall be approved by the Government of Mongolia. The full impact of the 2015 Amendment is not yet known.

On November 10, 2017, the Parliament of Mongolia adopted the 2017 Amendments, which became effective on January 1, 2018, to introduce the concept of an “ultimate holder” of a legal entity for tax purposes for the first time. Under the 2017 Amendments, any change of an ultimate holder of a legal entity that maintains a minerals licence is deemed to be a sale of the minerals licence and is subject to a 30% corporate income tax on the total income earned. The legal entity holding the minerals licence bears the tax obligation, not the person who earns the income from the transaction. In general, taxable income will be assessed based on the value of the minerals licence,pro-rated to the number or percentage of shares transferred from the ultimate holder. On December 25, 2017, the Ministry of Finance passed Decree No. 380 setting out the methodology to determine the value of minerals licences, which was annulled by the below mentioned Decree No. 302 dated December 31, 2019.

On March 22, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia substantially revised key tax laws including the General Law on Taxation, the Corporate Income Tax Law, the Value Added Tax Law and the Personal Income Tax Law. The new tax laws came into effect on January 1, 2020. Under the Restated Version of the Corporate Income Tax Law, ring-fencing rules were introduced pursuant to which income and expenses that are incurred for different mining licences must be accounted separately for tax purposes. However, the Restated Version provides that a taxpayer may file consolidated statements if the areas covered by the minerals licences held by such taxpayer lie adjacent to one another or the types of products to be mined from minerals licences are the same. As a result, Entrée is allowed to prepare consolidated profit and loss statements for all income and expenses incurred on the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences. In addition, the Restated Version of the Corporate Income Tax Law reduces the withholding tax on a direct or indirect transfer of a minerals licence (in whole or in part) from 30% on a gross basis (as provided for under the 2017 Amendments) to 10% on the basis of the minerals licence value with certain deductions allowed. For an indirect transfer, the taxable income will be calculated from the valuation of the minerals licence in proportion to the percentage of shares or interests or voting rights sold or transferred by the ultimate holder in relation to the shares of the minerals licence holder. The new tax laws require the Cabinet, Ministry of Finance and certain MembersMongolian Tax Authority to release a number of Parliament have released draft lawsimplementing guidelines. By its Decree No. 302, the Minister of Finance adopted a guideline on December 31, 2019 which includes the methodology to determine the value of a minerals licence and draftregulation on imposing taxes, which is currently in effect. The full impact of the tax reform package is not yet known.

On December 5, 2018, the Minister for Mining and Heavy Industry submitted, on behalf of the Government of Mongolia, proposed amendments to the taxMinerals Law, the Petroleum Law, the Petroleum Product Law and other relevant laws thereto, aimed at regulating the minerals sector in greater detail to eliminate legal duplication and gaps in the related legislation of Mongolia which include provisions relatedand to the taxation of foreign legal entities operating in Mongoliaresolve discrepancies between national and local governments and minerals companies in general.  If certain provisions of these amendments were adopted by Parliament as currently drafted, they could adversely affect Entree's interests.licence holders. It is not possible to determine when, if ever, these amendments would be adopted and in what form.

Ifform, or the Governmentimpact they would have on Entrée’s interests.

On March 22, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia revises, amends or cancelsadopted the Canadian DoubleLaw on Amendments to the Minerals Law of 2006, which provides that a minerals licence holder must notify, and register with, the relevant tax authority any ultimate holder changes in accordance with the procedure provided for in the Restated Version of the General Tax Treaty;Law. Any failure to do so will result in the termination of the minerals licence by the State body.

On November 14, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia approved a number of constitutional amendments which will take effect on May 25, 2020. Among other things, the amendments clarify the purpose and principles of the use of natural resources. Natural resources would be defined as the public property of the State rather than the property of the State, which emphasizes that the policies on natural resources should be defined by Parliament, the representatives of the people, for the public interest. The constitutional amendments provide the basis to allocate a major part of social and economic benefits from Strategic Deposits to the people through the National Resources Fund, which is newly incorporated in the Constitution. Given the constitutional amendments, the Minister for Mining and Heavy Industry is expected to propose significant amendments to the Minerals Laws. It is not possible to determine when, if ever, these amendments would be adopted and in what form.

If the new Investment Law, State Minerals Policy, 20142015 Amendment, 2017 Amendments, Restated Version of the Corporate Income Tax Law or 2015 AmendmentGeneral Tax Law, Decree No. 302, Law on Amendments to the Minerals Law of 2006, constitutional amendments or proposed amendments aimed at regulating the minerals sector and use of natural resources are implemented or interpreted in a manner that is not favourable to foreign investment or Entrée'se’s interests; or if new tax laws or amendments to tax laws are adopted that are not favourable to foreign investment or Entrée'se’s interests, it could have an adverse effect on Entrée'se’s operations in Mongolia and future cash flow, earnings, results of operations and financial condition as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

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Entrée may experience difficulties with its joint venture partners; Rio Tinto controls the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

While the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV is operating under the terms of the joint venture agreement appended toEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, which came into effect in 2008, the Earn-in Agreement, the joint venture agreementEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA has not been formally executed by the parties. There can be no assurance that OTLLC or its shareholders will not attempt to renegotiate some or all of the material terms governing the joint venture relationship in a manner which could have an adverse effect on Entrée'se’s future cash flow, earnings, results of operations and financial condition as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

OTLLC has earned either a 70% or 80% interest in mineralization extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, depending on the depth at which minerals are extracted, and has effective control of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. Rio Tinto, which beneficially owns 19.9%approximately 17.3% of the Company'sCompany’s issued and outstanding shares, exerts a significant degree of control over the business and affairs of Turquoise Hill and OTLLC. UnderPursuant to the Heads of Agreementvarious agreements among Turquoise Hill, OTLLC and MOA,Rio Tinto, Rio Tinto is responsible for the management of the building and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project (which includes the Heruga and Hugo North Extension deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property); is responsible for all exploration operations on behalf of OTLLC, including exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property; and prepares all programs and budgets for approval by the OTLLC board. In addition, the Government of Mongolia owns a significant stake in OTLLC. The interestinterests of Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill, the Government of Mongolia and OTLLC andare not necessarily aligned with each other or with the interests of the Company'sCompany’s other shareholders are not necessarily aligned and there can be no assurance that Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill, the Government of Mongolia or OTLLC will exercise itstheir rights or act in a manner that is consistent with the best interests of the Company'sCompany or its other shareholders.

Entrée is and will be subject to the risks normally associated with the conduct of joint ventures, which include disagreements as to how to develop, operate and finance a project, inequality of bargaining power, incompatible strategic and economic objectives and possible litigation between the participants regarding joint venture matters. These matters may have an adverse effect on Entrée'se’s ability to realize the full economic benefits of its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property,property that is the subject of a joint venture, which could affect its results of operations and financial condition as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Entrée may be subject to risks inherent in legal proceedings.

In the course of its business, Entrée may from time to time become involved in various claims, arbitration and other legal proceedings, with and without merit. The nature and results of any such proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. Any potential future claims and proceedings are likely to be of a material nature. In addition, such claims, arbitration and other legal proceedings can be lengthy and involve the incurrence of substantial costs and resources by Entrée, and the outcome, and Entrée'se’s ability to enforce any ruling(s) obtained pursuant to such proceedings, are subject to inherent risk and uncertainty. The initiation, pursuit and/orand outcome of any particular claim, arbitration or legal proceeding could have a material adverse effect on Entrée'se’s financial position and results of operations, and on Entrée'se’s business, assets and prospects. In addition, if Entrée is unable to resolve any existing or future potential disputes and proceedings favourably, or obtain enforcement of any favourable ruling, if any, that may be obtained pursuant to such proceedings, it is likely to have a material adverse impact on Entrée'se’s business, financial condition and results of operations and Entrée'se’s assets and prospects as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

On February 27, 2013, Entrée received Notice from MRAM regarding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV'sJV’s mining licences.

On February 27, 2013, Noticenotice was delivered to Entrée by MRAM advising that any transfer, sale or lease of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences is temporarily restricted. While Entrée was subsequently advised that the temporary transfer restriction on the joint venture mining licences will be lifted, it has not received official notification of the lifting of the restriction. Any future action by the Government of Mongolia to suspend, revoke, withdraw or cancel the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences, whether legitimate or not, would have an adverse effect on the business, assets and financial condition of Entrée as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

The16Earn-In


The Earn-In Agreement requires OTLLC to enter into a form of joint venture agreement thatthe Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, which bestows upon itOTLLC certain powers and duties as manager of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, including the duty to cure title defects, the duty to prosecute and defend all litigation or administrative proceedings arising out of operations, and the duty to do all acts reasonably necessary to maintain the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property assets, including the mining licences. Pursuant to the Assignment Agreement dated March 1, 2005 between the Company, Turquoise Hill and OTLLC, the Company is also entitled to look to Turquoise Hill for the performance of OTLLC'sOTLLC’s obligations under theEarn-In Agreement, which is governed by British Columbia law. In addition, the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences are included in the contract area of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement restricts the grounds upon which the Mongolian State administrative authority in charge of geology and mining may revoke a mining licence covered by the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement also includes a dispute resolution clause that requires the parties to resolve disputes through international commercial arbitration procedures. Entrée is not a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and does not have any direct rights under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. In the event that the Government of Mongolia suspends, revokes, withdraws or cancels the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences, there can be no assurance that OTLLC, Turquoise Hill or Rio Tinto will invoke the international arbitration procedures, or that Entrée will be able to enforce the terms of theEarn-In Agreement or the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA to cause OTLLC or Turquoise Hill to do all acts reasonably necessary to maintain the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property assets, including by invoking the international arbitration procedures under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. There may also be limitations on OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto'sTinto’s ability to enforce the terms of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement against the Government of Mongolia, which is a sovereign entity, regardless of the outcome of an arbitration proceeding. Without an effective means of enforcing the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, theEarn-In Agreement or the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, Entrée could be deprived of substantial rights and benefits with little or no recourse for fair and reasonable compensation. This would have an adverse effect on the business, assets and financial condition of Entrée as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Entrée may be unable to enforce its legal rights in certain circumstances.

In the event of a dispute arising at or in respect of Entrée'se’s foreign operations, Entrée may be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of foreign courts or may not be successful in subjecting foreign persons to the jurisdiction of courts in Canada or other jurisdictions. Entrée may also be hindered or prevented from enforcing its rights with respect to a governmental entity or instrumentality because of the doctrine of sovereign immunity. Any adverse or arbitrary decision of a court, arbitrator or other governmental or regulatory body, or Entrée'se’s inability to enforce its contractual rights, may have a material adverse impact on Entrée'se’s business, assets, prospects, financial condition and results of operation as well as the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Entrée'se’s rights to use and access certain land area could be adversely affected by the application of Mongolia'sMongolia’s Resolution 81, Resolution 140 or Resolution 175.

In June 2010, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 140, the purpose of which is to authorize the designation of certain land areas for "state“state special needs"needs” within certain defined areas, some of which include or are in proximity to the Oyu Tolgoi project. These state special needs areas are to be used for Khanbogd village development and for infrastructure and plant facilities necessary in order to implement the development and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project. A portion of the Shivee Tolgoi licence is included in the land area that is subject to Resolution 140.

In June 2011, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 175, the purpose of which is to authorize the designation of certain land areas for "state“state special needs"needs” within certain defined areas in proximity to the Oyu Tolgoi project. These state special needs areas are to be used for infrastructure facilities necessary in order to implement the development and construction of the Oyu Tolgoi project. Portions of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant licences are included in the land area that is subject to Resolution 175.

It is expected but not yet formally confirmed by the Government that to the extent that a consensual access agreement exists or is entered into between OTLLC and an affected licence holder, the application of Resolution 175 to the land area covered by the access agreement will be unnecessary. OTLLC has existing access and surface rights to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to theEarn-In Agreement. If Entrée is unable to reach a consensual arrangement with OTLLC with respect to the Shivee West Property, Entrée'se’s right to use and access a corridor of land included in the state special needs areas for a proposed power line may be adversely affected by the application of Resolution 175. While the Mongolian Government would be responsible for compensating Entrée in accordance with the mandate of Resolution 175, the amount of such compensation is not presently quantifiable.

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While the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement contains provisions restricting the circumstances under which the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant licences may be expropriated, which may make the application of Resolution 140 and Resolution 175 to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property unnecessary, there can be no assurances that the Resolutions will not be applied in a manner that has an adverse impact on Entrée.

In March 2014, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 81, the purpose of which is to approve the direction of the railway line heading from Ukhaa Khudag deposit located in the territory of Tsogttsetsii soum, Umnugobi aimag, to the port of Gashuunshukhait and to appoint the Minister of Roads and Transportation to develop a detailed engineering layout of the base structure of the railway. On June 18, 2014, Entrée was advised by MRAM that the base structure overlaps with a portion of the Javhlant licence. By Order No. 123 dated June 18, 2014, the Minister of Mining approved the composition of a working group to resolve matters related to the holders of licences through which the railway passes. The Minister of Mining has not yet responded to a request from Entrée to meet to discuss the proposed railway, and no further correspondence from MRAM or the Minister of Mining has been received. It is not yet clear whether the State has the legal right to take a portion of the Javhlant licence, with or without compensation, in order to implement a national railway project, and if it does, whether it will attempt to exercise that right. While the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement contains provisions restricting the circumstances under which the Javhlant licence may be expropriated, there can be no assurances that Resolution 81 will not be applied in a manner that has an adverse impact on Entrée.

Changes in, or more aggressive enforcement of, laws and regulations could adversely impact Entrée'se’s business.

Mining operations and exploration activities are subject to extensive laws and regulations. These relate to production, development, exploration, exports, imports, taxes and royalties, labour standards, occupational health, waste disposal, protection and remediation of the environment, mine decommissioning and reclamation, mine safety, toxic substances, transportation safety and emergency response and other matters.

Compliance with these laws and regulations increases the costs of exploring, drilling, developing, constructing, operating and closing mines and other facilities. It is possible that the costs, delays and other effects associated with these laws and regulations may impact the decision of Entrée's decisione or one of its partners as to whether to continue to operate in a particular jurisdiction or whether to proceed with exploration or development of properties. Since legal requirements change frequently, are subject to interpretation and may be enforced to varying degrees in practice, Entrée is unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance with these requirements or their effect on operations. Changes in governments, regulations and policies and practices could have an adverse impact on Entrée'se’s future cash flows, earnings, results of operations and financial condition, which may have a material, adverse impact on Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Entrée’s operations and Oyu Tolgoi underground development may be impacted by global or national health concerns such as the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic.

Entrée is actively assessing and responding where possible to the potential impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. This includes evaluating the potential impact on Entrée’s operations in Canada and Mongolia and Oyu Tolgoi underground development as well as evaluating governmental actions being taken to curtail the spread of the virus. Global or national health concerns, including the COVID-19 pandemic, could have a material adverse effect on Entrée’s business, results of operations and financial conditions and the Company’s share price by (a) reducing global economic activity, which could have a significant adverse effect on global financial markets and commodity prices; (b) impairing or disrupting the supply chain for Oyu Tolgoi underground development; and (c) affecting the health and mobility of Entrée’s or OTLLC’s workforce, rendering employees unable to work or travel.

Risks Associated With The Development of the Oyu Tolgoi Project

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property forms part of the Oyu Tolgoi project. As a result, certain risk factors associated with the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project are also applicable to Entrée and may adversely affect Entrée, including the following.

There can

Entrée’s joint venture partners may be limited in their ability to enforce the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan against Mongolia, a sovereign government.

The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan impose numerous obligations and commitments upon the Government of Mongolia that provide clarity and certainty in respect of the development and operation of Oyu Tolgoi, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement also includes a dispute resolution clause that requires the parties to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement to resolve disputes through international commercial arbitration procedures. Nevertheless, if and to the extent the Government of Mongolia does not observe the terms and conditions of the Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan, there may be limitations on the ability of OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto to enforce the terms of the Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan against the Government of Mongolia, which is a sovereign nation, regardless of the outcome of any arbitration proceeding. If the terms of the Investment Agreement or the Mine Plan cannot be enforced effectively, OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto could be deprived of substantial rights and benefits arising from their investment in Oyu Tolgoi with little or no assurance thatrecourse against the Government of Mongolia, which by extension may also deprive Entrée of substantial rights and benefits arising from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, with little or no recourse for fair and reasonable compensation. Irrespective of the ultimate outcome of any potential dispute, any requirement for OTLLC, will be capableTurquoise Hill or Rio Tinto to engage in discussions or proceedings with the Government of raising the additional funding that it needsMongolia, whether or not formal, would result in significant delays, expense and diversion of management attention, including with respect to continue the development of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits.

Further development of the Oyu Tolgoi project depends upon OTLLC's ability to obtainJV Property, which could have a reliable source of funding.  Volatility in capital markets and commodity prices and other macroeconomic factors may adversely affect OTLLC's ability to secure project financing.
Although Turquoise Hill announcedmaterial adverse impact on December 14, 2015, that OTLLC had signed a $4.4 billion project finance facility (with provision for up to $6 billion) provided by a syndicate of international financial institutions and export credit agencies, the facility will not be drawn down until OTFS 2015 is completed, all necessary permits for underground development have been secured,Entrée and the boards of Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto and OTLLC have approved a formal 'notice to proceed'. The facility is also subject to satisfaction of certain conditions precedent typical for a financing of this nature.
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In the event the facility is not drawn down or the conditions precedent are not satisfied, there can be no assurance that Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto or OTLLC will continue to pursue project financing for the Oyu Tolgoi project, or that Oyu Tolgoi project financing will be available within the time frame required to permit development of the underground mine within current cost estimates, on schedule or at all.
In addition, OTLLC operates in a region of the world that is prone to economic and political upheaval and instability, which may make it more difficult to obtain sufficient debt financing from project lenders for future phases of the Oyu Tolgoi project.
Company’s share price.

The actual cost of developing the Oyu Tolgoi project may differ materially from estimates and involve unexpected problems or delays.

OTLLC's

OTLLC’s estimates regarding the cost of development and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project are estimates only. The estimates and the assumptions upon which they are based are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual expenditures to differ materially from those estimated. If these estimates prove incorrect, the total capital expenditures required to complete development of the Oyu Tolgoi project underground mine, including the portion that Entrée is responsible for,e’s share of Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV capital expenditures being debt financed by OTLLC, may increase, which may have a material adverse impact on Entrée, its results of operations, financial conditions, and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

There are a number of uncertainties inherent in the development and construction of any new or existing mine, including the Oyu Tolgoi project underground mine. These uncertainties include: the timing and cost, which can be considerable, of the construction of mining and processing facilities; the availability and cost of skilled labour,labour; ground and rock mass conditions and stability; the impact of fluctuations in commodity prices, process water, power and transportation, including costs of transport for the supply chain for the Oyu Tolgoi project, which requires routing approaches which have not been fully tested; the annual usage costs to the local province for sand, aggregate and water; the availability and cost of appropriate smelting and refining arrangements; and the need to obtain necessary environmental and other government permits, such permits being on reasonable terms, and the timing of those permits. The cost, timing and complexities of mine construction and development are increased by the remote location of the Oyu Tolgoi project.

It is common in new mining operations and in the development, construction or expansion of existing facilities to experience unexpected problems and delays during development, construction and mine start-up,such activities, which may cause delays in commencement or expansion of mineral production or sustainable production.  In particular, development of the Oyu Tolgoi project underground mine, including Lift 1 of the Hugo North Extension deposit, continues to be halted until OTFS 2015 is completed and all necessary permits for the development of the underground mine have been secured, and the boards of Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto and OTLLC have approved a formal 'notice to proceed'. Any delays could impact disclosed project economics. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the future development, construction or expansion activities will be successfully completed within cost estimates, on schedule or at all and, if completed, there is no assurance that such activities will result in profitable mining operations.

There can be no assurance that OTLLC will be capable of raising the additional funding that it needs to continue the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project, including Hugo North Extension Lifts 1 and 2 and Heruga.

Further development of the Oyu Tolgoi project depends upon OTLLC’s ability to obtain and service the funding requirements of the project. Volatility in capital markets and commodity prices and other macroeconomic factors may adversely affect OTLLC’s ability to secure project financing on reasonable commercial terms.

In addition, OTLLC operates in a region of the world that is prone to economic and political upheaval and instability, which may make it more difficult to obtain sufficient debt financing from project lenders for further development of the Oyu Tolgoi project.

The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and Mine Plan include a number of future covenants that may be outside of the control of the investors to perform.

The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and Mine Plan commit Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto to perform many obligations in respect of the development and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project. While performance of many of these obligations is within the effective control of Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto, the scope of certain obligations may be open to interpretation. Further, the performance of other obligations may requireco-operation from third parties or may be dependent upon circumstances that are not necessarily within the control of Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto.Non-fulfillment of any obligation may result in a default or breach under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan. Such a default or breach could result in a termination of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and the Mine Plan, which may have a material adverse impact on Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

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The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement commits OTLLC to utilize only Mongolian power sources. Such sourcesAlthough OTLLC entered into the PSFA with the Government of Mongolia in December 2018, there is no certainty that this project will be completed or that the proposed power may notplant will be available or may be available upon commercial terms that are less advantageous than those available from other potential power suppliers.sufficient to meet the needs of the Oyu Tolgoi project. Despite the best efforts of OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto's best efforts, such an obligationTinto, the ability to meet OTLLC’s obligations under the PSFA or any future agreement committing OTLLC to use Mongolian power sources is not necessarily within their control andnon-fulfillment of such requirement may result in a default under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

Risks Associated With the Amended Funding Agreement

In certain circumstances the Company may be required to return a portion of the Deposit to Sandstorm.

The 2013 Agreement provided for a partial refund of the Deposit and a pro rata reduction in the number of metal credits deliverable to Sandstorm in the event of a partial expropriation of Entrée'se’s economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the EntrétheEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The Amended Funding Agreement provides that the Company will not be required to make any further refund of the Deposit if Entrée'se’s economic interest is reduced by up to and including 17%. If there is a reduction of greater than 17% up to and including 34%, the Amended Funding Agreement provides the Company with greater flexibility and optionality in terms of how the Company will refund a corresponding portion of the Deposit, including not requiring Entrée to refund cash. To the extent there is an expropriation of greater than 34%, which is not reversed during the abeyance period provided for in the Amended Funding Agreement with Sandstorm, the Company will be required to return a portion of the Deposit in cash (the amount of the repayment not to exceed the amount of the Unearned Balance).

Certain events outside of Entrée'se’s control may be an event of default under the Amended Funding Agreement.

If an event of default occurs under the Amended Funding Agreement, the Company may be required to immediately pay to Sandstorm a default fee, which it may not have sufficient funds to cover. Some potential events of default may be outside of Entrée'se’s control, including a full expropriation of Entrée'se’s economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property which is not reversed during the abeyance period provided for in the Amended Funding Agreement. If an event of default occurs and the Company is required to pay a default fee to Sandstorm, it may have a material adverse impact on Entrée'se’s business, financial condition, assets and prospects, and on the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Short term fluctuations in mineral prices may expose the Company to trading losses.

Under the Amended Funding Agreement, the Company agreedagrees to use future cash flows from its mineral property interests to purchase and deliver metal credits to Sandstorm. The Amended Funding Agreement does not require the Company to deliver actual metal production, therefore the Company will have to use revenue it receives from the sale of its share of metal production to purchase the requisite amount of metal credits for delivery to Sandstorm. To the extent metal prices on the day on which the Company'sCompany’s production is sold are different from metal prices on the day on which the Company purchases metal credits for delivery to Sandstorm, the Company may suffer a gain or loss on the difference.

Risks Associated With Mining

Resource and reserve estimates, including estimates for the Hugo North Extension Heruga, Ann Mason and Blue HillHeruga deposits, are estimates only, and are subject to change based on a variety of factors.

The estimates of reserves and resources, including the anticipated tonnages and grades that will be achieved or the indicated level of recovery that will be realized, are estimates only and no assurances can be given as to their accuracy. Such estimates are, in large part, based on interpretations of geological data obtained from drill holes and other sampling techniques, and large scale continuity and character of the deposits will only be determined once significant additional drilling and sampling has been completed and analyzed. Actual mineralization or formations may be different from those predicted. It may also take many years from the initial phase of drilling before production is possible, and during that time the economic feasibility of exploiting a deposit may change. Reserve and resource estimates are materially dependent on prevailing market prices and the cost of recovering and processing minerals at the mine site. Market fluctuations in the price of metals or increases in the costs to recover metals may render the mining of ore reserves uneconomical and materially adversely affect operations. Moreover, various short-term operating factors may cause a mining operation to be unprofitable in any particular accounting period.

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Prolonged declines in the market price of metals may render reserves containing relatively lower grades of mineralization uneconomic to exploit and could reduce materially reserves and resources. Should such reductions occur, the discontinuation of development or production might be required. The estimates of mineral reserves and resources attributable to a specific property are based on accepted engineering and evaluation principles. The estimated amount of contained metals in probable mineral reserves does not necessarily represent an estimate of a fair market value of the evaluated property.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of mineral reserves and resources. The estimates in the Company'sCompany’s disclosure documents are based on various assumptions relating to commodity prices and exchange rates during the expected life of production, mineralization, the projected cost of mining, and the results of additional planned development work. Actual future production rates and amounts, revenues, taxes, operating expenses, environmental and regulatory compliance expenditures, development expenditures, and recovery rates may vary substantially from those assumed in the estimates. Any significant change in the assumptions underlying the estimates, including changes that result from variances between projected and actual results, could result in material downward revision to current estimates, which may have a material adverse impact on Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Mineral prices are subject to dramatic and unpredictable fluctuations.

Entrée expects to derive revenues, if any, from the extraction and sale of base and precious metals such as copper, gold, silver and molybdenum. The price of those commodities has fluctuated widely in recent years, and is affected by numerous factors beyond Entrée'se’s control, including international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, global and regional demand, currency exchange fluctuations, interest rates, global or regional consumptive patterns, speculative activities, increased production due to improved extraction and production methods and economic events, including the performance of Asia'sAsia’s economies. Ongoing worldwide economic uncertainty could lead to prolonged recessions in many markets which may, in turn, result in reduced demand for commodities, including base and precious metals.

The effect of these factors on the price of base and precious metals, and, therefore, the economic viability of any of Entrée's exploration projects,e’s property interests, cannot accurately be predicted. Should prevailing metal prices remain depressed, there may be a curtailment or suspension of mining, development and exploration activities. Entrée would have to assess the economic impact of any sustained lower metal prices on recoverability and, therefore, thecut-off grade and level of reserves and resources. These factors could have an adverse impact on Entrée'se’s future cash flows, earnings, results of operations, stated reserves and financial condition, which may have an adverse impact on Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s share price.

Entrée has interests in properties that are not in commercial production. There is no assurance that the existence of any mineral reserves will be established on any of the exploration properties in commercially exploitable quantities.

Mineral reserves have been established on Lift 1 of the Hugo North Extension deposit in Mongolia. Mineral resources have been outlined on the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits in MongoliaLift 2 and the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits in Nevada.Heruga deposit. Unless and until mineral reserves are established in economically exploitable quantities on a deposit, and the propertyit is brought into commercial production, Entrée cannot earn any revenues from operations on that deposit or recover all of the funds that it has expended on exploration.deposit.

Development of a mineral property is contingent upon obtaining satisfactory exploration results. 

Mineral exploration and development involves substantial expenses and a high degree of risk, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to adequately mitigate. There is no assurance that commercial quantities of ore will be discovered on any of the exploration properties in which Entrée has an interest.  There is also no assuranceor that, even if commercial quantities of ore are discovered, a mineral property will be brought into commercial production. The discovery of mineral deposits is dependent upon a number of factors, not the least of which is the technical skill of the exploration personnel involved. The commercial viability of a mineral deposit, once discovered, is also dependent upon a number of factors, some of which are the particular attributes of the deposit, such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure, metallurgical recoveries, metal prices and government regulations, including regulations relating to taxation, royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals, and environmental protection. Most of the above factors are beyond the control of Entrée.

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The probability of an individual prospect ever having mineral reserves that meet the requirements of the definition is extremely remote.  There is no assurance that exploration properties in which Entrée has an interest contain any mineral reserves and that funds that Entrée spends on exploration will not be lost.

There can be no assurance that Entrée or its joint venture partners will be able to obtain or maintain any required permits.

Both mineral exploration and extraction require permits from various foreign, federal, state, provincial and local governmental authorities and are governed by laws and regulations, including those with respect to prospecting, mine development, mineral production, transport, export, taxation, labour standards, water rights, occupational health, waste disposal, toxic substances, land use, environmental protection, mine safety and other matters. There can be no assurance that Entrée or any of its joint venture partners, including OTLLC, will be able to obtain or maintain any of the permits required for the continued exploration of mineral properties in which Entrée has an interest or for the construction and operation of a mine on those properties at economically viable costs. If required permits cannot be obtained or maintained, Entrée or its joint venture partners may be delayed or prohibited from proceeding with planned exploration or development of the mineral properties in which Entrée has an interest and Entrée'se’s business could fail.

Entrée ise’s property interests are subject to substantial environmental and other regulatory requirements and such regulations are becoming more stringent.Non-compliance with such regulations could materially adversely affect Entrée.

Entrée's operationse’s property interests are subject to environmental regulations in the various jurisdictions in which it operates.they are located. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions thereunder, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in mining operations may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the mining activities and may have civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations.

Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner which will likely require stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties fornon-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects and a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees. There is no assurance that future changes in environmental regulation, if any, will not adversely affect Entrée'se’s operations. Environmental hazards may exist on the properties in which Entrée holds interests which are presently unknown to Entrée and which have been caused by previous or existing third-party owners or operators of the properties. Government approvals and permits are also often required in connection with various aspects of operations on the properties in which Entrée's operations.e has an interest. To the extent that such approvals are required and not obtained, Entrée or its partners may be delayed or prevented from proceeding with planned exploration or development of itsthe mineral properties, which may have a material, adverse impact on Entrée and its share price.

In Mongolia, Entrée is required to deposit 50% of its proposed reclamation budget with the local Soum Governor'sGovernor’s office (a soum is the local Mongolian equivalent of a township or district) which will be refunded only on acceptable completion of land rehabilitation after mining operations have concluded. Even if Entrée relinquishes its licences, Entrée will still remain responsible for any required reclamation.

In the United States, exploration companies are required to apply to federal and state authorities for a work permit that specifically details the proposed work program.  A reclamation bond based on the amount of surface disturbance may be requested prior to the issuance of the appropriate permit.
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There can be no assurance that the interest held by Entrée in resource propertiestitle to licences and concessions is free from defects.

While Entrée has investigated title to itsthe exploration and mining licences and property claims, Entrée'sconcessions held by it and its partners, title to its resource properties may be challenged by third parties or the licences that permit Entrée or its partners to explore, itsdevelop or mine properties may expire if Entrée failsor its partners fail to timely renew them and pay the required fees.

Entrée cannot guarantee that theits rights to explore its properties will not be revoked or altered to its detriment as a result of actions by the Mongolian Ministry of Mining, MRAM, Mongolia'sMongolia’s Resolution 81, 140 and/or 175 or otherwise. The ownership and validity of exploration and mining claimslicences and concessions are often uncertain and may be contested.

In Mongolia, should a third party challenge to the boundaries or registration of ownership arise, the Government of Mongolia may declare the property in question a special reserve for up to three years to allow resolution of disputes or to clarify the accuracy of its mining licence register.

Entrée is not aware of any third party challenges to the location or area of any of the mininglicences or concessions and mining claims in any of the jurisdictions in which it operates. There is, however, no guarantee that title to the claimslicences and concessions will not be challenged or impugned in the future. If Entrée failsor its partners fail to pay the appropriate annual fees or if Entrée fails to timely apply for renewal, then these licences or concessions may expire or be forfeit.

If mineral reserves in commercially exploitable quantities are established on any of Entrée's properties (other than the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property), Entrée will require additional capital and may need to acquire additional lands in order to develop the property into a producing mine.  If Entrée cannot raise this additional capital or acquire additional lands, Entrée will not be able to exploit the resource, and its business could fail.
If mineral reserves in commercially exploitable quantities are established on any of Entrée's properties (other than the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, in which Entrée has a carried interest), Entrée will be required to expend substantial sums of money to establish the extent of the resource, develop processes to extract it and develop extraction and processing facilities and infrastructure.  Although Entrée may derive substantial benefits from the discovery of a major deposit, there can be no assurance that such a resource will be large enough to justify commercial operations, nor can there be any assurance that Entrée will be able to raise the funds required for development on a timely basis.  If Entrée cannot raise the necessary capital or complete the necessary facilities and infrastructure, its business may fail.
Entrée may be required to acquire rights to additional lands in order to develop a mine if a mine cannot be properly located on Entrée's properties.  There can be no assurance that Entrée will be able to acquire such additional lands on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

Mineral exploration and development is subject to extraordinary operating risks. Entrée does not currently insure against these risks.

Mineral exploration and development involves many risks which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. Entrée'se’s operations will be subject to all of the hazards and risks inherent in the exploration and development of resources, including liability for pollution or hazards against which Entrée cannot insure or against which Entrée may elect not to insure. Any such event could result in work stoppages and damage to property, including damage to the environment. Entrée does not currently maintain any insurance coverage against all of these operating hazards. The payment of any liabilities that arise from any such occurrence would have a material, adverse impact on Entrée.

The mining industry is highly competitive and there is no assurance that Entrée will continue to be successful in acquiring mineral claims.property interests or in the recruitment or retention of qualified employees. If Entrée cannot continue to acquire propertiesproperty interests or recruit qualified personnel, its financial condition could be adversely affected.

There is aggressive competition within the mining industry for the identification and acquisition of property interests considered to explore for mineral resources, Entrée may behave commercial potential, as well as the necessary labour and supplies required to reduce or cease operations.

The mineral exploration, development, and production industry is largely unintegrated.develop such properties. Entrée competes with other exploration companies, looking for mineral resource properties and the resources that can be produced from them.
23

Entrée competes with many companies possessingof which have greater financial resources, operational experience and technical facilities.  This competitioncapabilities than Entrée, for the acquisition of property interests as well as for the recruitment and retention of qualified employees and other personnel. Entrée may not be able to maintain or acquire attractive property interests on terms it considers acceptable, or at all. Consequently, its financial condition could be materially adversely affect its ability to acquire suitable prospects for explorationaffected.

Global climate change.

Global climate change could exacerbate certain of the risks facing Entrée’s business, including the frequency and severity of weather-related events, resource shortages, changes in the future.  Accordingly, thererainfall and storm patterns and intensities, water shortages, rising water levels and changing temperatures which can be no assurance thatdisrupt operations, damage infrastructure or assets, create financial risk or otherwise have a material adverse effect on Entrée will acquire any interest in additional mineral resource properties that might yield reservese’s results of operations, financial position or liquidity. These may result in commercialsubstantial costs to respond during the event, to recover from the event and possibly to modify existing or future infrastructure requirements to prevent recurrence. Climate changes could also disrupt operations by impacting the availability and cost of materials needed for mining operations.operations and could increase insurance and other operating costs. Global climate change also results in regulatory risks which vary according to the national and local requirements implemented by each jurisdiction where Entrée is present. There continues to be a lack of consistent climate legislation, which creates economic and regulatory uncertainty. Increased public awareness and concern regarding global climate change may result in more legislative and regulatory requirements to reduce or mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas emissions.

Risks Related To Our Company

Entrée can provide investors with no assurances that it will generate any operating revenues or ever achieve profitable operations.

Although Entrée has been in the business of exploring mineral resource properties since 1995, Entrée has never had any revenues from its operations. In addition, its operating history has been restricted to the acquisition and exploration of its mineral properties. Entrée anticipates that it will continue to incur operating costs without realising any revenues until such time as the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property or one of the properties in which Entrée has a royalty interest is brought into production. Entrée expects to continue to incur significant losses into the foreseeable future. Entrée recognises that if it is unable to generate significant revenues from mining operations and any dispositions of its interests in properties, Entrée will not be able to earn profits or continue operations. Entrée can provide investors with no assurance that it will generate any operating revenues or ever achieve profitable operations.

The fact that

Entrée has not earned anymay be forced to raise funds for operating revenues since its incorporation may impact its ability to explore certain of its mineral properties or require that exploration be scaled back.

expenses from outside sources.

Entrée has not generated any revenue from operations since its incorporation. Entrée anticipates that it will continue to incur operating expenses without revenues unless and until it is able to generate cash flows from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV or it is able to identify a mineral reserve in a commercially exploitable quantity on one or more of its mineral properties and it builds and operates a mine.royalty interests. As at December 31, 2015,2019, Entrée had working capital of approximately $21.8$5.5 million. Entrée'se’s average monthly operating expenses in 20152019 were approximately $590,000,$0.2 million, including exploration, general and administrative expenses and investor relations expenses. Entrée has a carried interest on all exploration activity carried out onin the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and, due to the nature of Entrée's other mineral property interests, Entrée has the ability to alter its exploration expenditures and, to a lesser extent, its general and administrative expenses.Property. As a result, Entrée believes that it will not have to raise any additional funds to meet its currently budgeted operating requirements for the next 12 months. If these funds are not sufficient, or if Entrée does not begin generating revenues from operations sufficient to pay its operating expenses when Entrée has expended them, Entrée will be forced to raise necessary funds from outside sources. While Entrée may be able to raise funds through strategic alliances, joint ventures, product streaming or other arrangements, it has traditionally raised its operating capital from sales of equity, but there can be no assurance that Entrée will continue to be able to do so.  If Entrée cannot raise the money that it needs to continue exploration of its mineral properties, there is a risk that Entrée may be forced to delay, scale back, or eliminate certain of its exploration activities.

Recent global financial conditions may adversely impact operations and the value and price of the Company's Common Shares.
Recent global financial and market conditions have been subject to increased volatility.  This increased volatility may impact the ability of Entrée to obtain equity or debt financing in the future and, if obtained, on terms favourable to Entrée.  If these increased levels of volatility and market turmoil continue, Entrée's operations could be adversely impacted and the value and the price of the Company's Common Shares could be adversely affected.

As a result of their existing shareholdings and OTLLC's right of first refusal,agreements with Entrée, Sandstorm, Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill and OTLLC potentially have the ability to influence Entrée'se’s business and affairs.

Rio Tinto's

Sandstorm’s beneficial shareholdings in the Company, totaling 19.9%totalling approximately 21.2% of the Company'sCompany’s outstanding Common Shares, and Rio Tinto’s beneficial shareholdings in the Company, totalling approximately 17.3% of the Company’s outstanding Common Shares, potentially give Sandstorm and Rio Tinto the voting power to influence the policies, business and affairs of Entrée and the outcome of any significant corporate transaction or other matter, including a merger, business combination or a sale of all, or substantially all, of Entrée'se’s assets. In addition, Rio Tinto (on behalf of OTLLC) has operational control over the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. OTLLC and Sandstorm also have certain rights in the event of a proposed disposition by Entrée of its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV and OTLLC has a right of first refusal with respect to any proposed disposition by Entrée of an interest in the Shivee West Property, which is not currently subject to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. The share position in the Company of each of Sandstorm, Rio Tinto and Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a transaction involving a change of control of the Company in favour of a third party that otherwise could result in a premium in the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares in the future.

24

In the case of Sandstorm, the risk is mitigated to some extent by the requirement in the Amended Funding Agreement for Sandstorm to vote its shares as the Board specifies with respect to any potential acquisition of the Company, provided the potential acquirer agrees to execute and deliver to Sandstorm a deed of adherence to the Amended Funding Agreement.

The Company'sCompany’s Articles and indemnity agreements between the Company and its officers and directors indemnify its officers and directors against costs, charges and expenses incurred by them in the performance of their duties.

The Company'sCompany’s Articles contain provisions requiring the Company to indemnify Entrée'se’s officers and directors against all judgements, penalties or fines awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, a legal proceeding or investigative action in which such party, by reason of being a director or officer of Entrée, is or may be joined. The Company also has indemnity agreements in place with its officers and directors. Such limitations on liability may reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against the Company'sCompany’s officers and directors and may discourage or deter the Company'sCompany’s shareholders from suing its officers and directors based upon breaches of their duties to Entrée, though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit Entrée and the Company'sCompany’s shareholders.

Investors'

Investors’ interests in the Company will be diluted and investors may suffer dilution in their net book value per Common Share if the Company issues stock options or if the Company issues additional Common Sharessecurities to finance its operations.

Entrée has never generated revenue from operations, and it is currently without a source of revenue. The Company will most likelymay be required to issue additional Common Shares to finance Entrée'se’s operations and, depending on the outcome of the exploration programs, may issue additional Common Shares to finance additional exploration programs on any or all of Entrée's properties or to acquire additional properties.

property interests.    

The Company may also in the future grant to some or all of Entrée'se’s directors, officers, consultants, and employees additional options to purchase Common Shares asnon-cash incentives to those persons. Such options may be granted at prices equal to market prices, or at prices as allowable under the policies of the TSX and the Company'sCompany’s Stock Option Plan, when the public market is depressed. The issuance of any equity securitiesoptions could, and the issuance of any additional Common Shares will, cause the Company'sCompany’s existing shareholders to experience dilution of their ownership interests.

If the Company issues additional Common Shares, investors'investors’ interests in the Company will be diluted and investors may suffer dilution in their net book value per Common Share depending on the price at which such securities are sold. As at December 31, 20152019 and March 13, 2020, Entrée had outstanding options exercisable into 13,208,0009,945,000 Common Shares and outstanding Replacement Warrants exercisable into 9,264,735 Common Shares which, if exercised as at March 30, 201613, 2020 would represent approximately 7.97%10.9% of its issued and outstanding Common Shares. If all of these options are exercised and the underlying Common Shares are issued, such issuance will cause a reduction in the proportionate ownership and voting power of all other shareholders. The dilution may result in a decline in the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares.

The

There can be no assurance that the Company does not intendwill ever have sufficient earnings to declare and pay cash dividends.

The Company has no earnings or dividend record. The Company has not paid dividends on its Common Shares since incorporation and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future. The Company'sCompany’s current intention is to apply any future net earnings to increase its working capital. Prospective investors seeking or needing dividend income or liquidity should, therefore, not purchase the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares. The Company currently has no revenue and a history of losses, so there can be no assurance that the Company will ever have sufficient earnings to declare and pay dividends to the holders of Common Shares.

Certain associations may give rise to conflicts of interest.

Some of the directors and officers of the Company are also directors, officers or officers may beemployees of other companies that are similarly engaged in a conflictthe business of interest from time to time.

Certain of Entrée's officersacquiring, exploring and directors may be or become associated with otherdeveloping natural resource companies that acquire interests in mineral properties. Such associations may give rise to conflicts of interest from time to time. Entrée'se’s directors and officers are required by law to act honestly and in good faith with a view to its best interests and to disclose any interest which they may have in any of its projects or opportunities. In general, if a conflict of interest arises at a meeting of a board of directors, any director in a conflict will disclose his or her interest and abstain from voting on such matter or, if he or she does vote, his or her vote does not count.
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The Company is dependent on

There can be no assurance that Entrée will be able to attract and retain key management personnel.

Entrée'se’s ability to continue its exploration and development activities and to develop a competitive edge in the marketplace depends, in large part, on its ability to attract and maintain qualified key management personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that Entrée will be able to attract and retain such personnel. Its development now, and in the future, will depend on the efforts of key management figures. The loss of any of these key people could have a material adverse effect on Entrée'se’s business. Entrée does not currently maintain only maintainskey-man life insurance on any of its key employees.

The Company is subject to foreignPresident & Chief Executive Officer.

Fluctuations in currency risks.

exchange rates may impact Entrée’s financial position and results.

Fluctuations in Canadian and United States currency exchange rates may significantly impact Entrée'se’s financial position and results.

Future negative effects due to changes in tax regulations cannot be excluded.

Entrée runs its business in different countries and strives to run its business in as tax efficient a manner as possible. The tax systems in certain of these countries are complicated and subject to change. For this reason, the possibility of future negative effects on the results of the Company due to changes in tax regulations cannot be excluded. Repatriation of earnings to Canada from other countries may be subject to withholding taxes. Entrée has no control over withholding tax rates.

The Company is subject to anti-corruption legislation, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.

The Company is subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other similar legislation, such as Canada'sCanada’s Corruption of Foreign Officials Act (collectively, "Anti-Corruption Legislation"“Anti-Corruption Legislation”), which prohibits Entrée or any officer, director, employee or agent of Entrée or any shareholder of the Company on its behalf from paying, offering to pay, or authorizing the payment of anything of value to any foreign government official, government staff member, political party, or political candidate in an attempt to obtain or retain business or to otherwise influence a person working in an official capacity. Anti-Corruption Legislation also requires public companies to make and keep books and records that accurately and fairly reflect their transactions and to devise and maintain an adequate system of internal accounting controls. Entrée'se’s international activities create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by its employees, consultants or agents, even though they may not always be subject to its control. Entrée prohibits these practices by its employees, consultants and agents. However, Entrée'se’s existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective, and its employees, consultants and agents may engage in conduct for which it might be held responsible. Any failure by Entrée to adopt appropriate compliance procedures and ensure that its employees, consultants and agents comply with Anti-Corruption Legislation and applicable laws and regulations in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial penalties or restrictions on Entrée'se’s ability to conduct business in certain foreign jurisdictions, which may have a material adverse impact on Entrée and the price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares.

The Company

Entrée believes that it was a passive foreign investment company during 2015,2019, which may have a material effect on U.S. Holders.

The Company

Entrée believes it was a PFIC during the year ended December 31, 20152019 and may be a PFIC in futurefor subsequent tax years, which may have a material effect on U.S. Holders. United States income tax legislation contains rules governing PFICs, which can have significant tax effects on U.S. Holders of foreign corporations. A U.S. Holder who holds stock in a foreign corporation during any year in which such corporation qualifies as a PFIC is subject to United States federal income taxation under one of threetwo alternative tax regimes at the election of each such U.S. Holder. The United States federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares will depend on whether such U.S. Holder makes an election to treat the CompanyEntrée as a qualified electing fund under Section 1295 of the Code or amark-to-market election under Section 1296 of the Code. Additional adverse rules maywould apply to U.S. Holders for any year the CompanyEntrée is a PFIC and the CompanyEntrée owns or disposes of shares in another corporation which is a PFIC. However, U.S. Holders should be aware that there can be no assurance that the CompanyEntrée will satisfy the record keeping requirements that apply to a qualified electing fund, or that the CompanyEntrée will supply U.S. Holders with information that such U.S. Holders require to report under the QEF Election rules, in the event that the CompanyEntrée is a PFIC and a U.S. Holder wishes to make a QEF Election. Thus, U.S. Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their Common Shares.

26

This paragraph is qualified in its entirety by the discussion below the heading "Certain“Certain United States Federal Income Tax Consequences"Consequences”. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the PFIC rules and the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares.

It may be difficult to enforce judgments or bring actions outside the United States against the Company and certain of its directors.

The Company is a Canadian corporation and certain of its directors are neither citizens nor residents of the United States. A substantial part of the assets of several of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for an investor: to enforce in courts outside the United States judgments obtained in United States courts based upon the civil liability provisions of United States federal securities laws against these persons and the Company; or to bring in courts outside the United States an original action to enforce liabilities based upon United States federal securities laws against these persons and the Company.

Increased

Entrée may be subject to increased costs and compliance risks as a result of being a public company.

Legal, accounting and other expenses associated with public company reporting requirements have increased significantly over time. The Company anticipates that general and administrative costs associated with regulatory compliance will continue to increase with ongoing compliance requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended ("Sarbanes-Oxley"(“Sarbanes-Oxley”), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act,as well as any new rules implemented by the SEC, Canadian Securities Administrators, the NYSE MKTOTCQB and the TSX in the future. These rules and regulations have significantly increased the Company'sCompany’s legal and financial compliance costs and made some activities more time-consuming and costly. There can be no assurance that the Company will continue to effectively meet all of the requirements of these rules and regulations, including Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404, National Instrument52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers'Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filingsof the Canadian Securities Administrators ("Administrators(“NI 52-109"52-109”), the eligibility requirements of the OTCQB and the continued listing standards of the NYSE MKT and the TSX. AnyTSX.Any failure to effectively implement internal controls, or to resolve difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm the Company'sCompany’s operating results, cause the Company to fail to meet reporting obligations or result in management being required to give a qualified assessment of the Company'sCompany’s internal controls over financial reporting or the Company'sCompany’s independent auditors providing an adverse opinion regarding management'smanagement’s assessment. Any such result could cause investors to lose confidence in the Company'sCompany’s reported financial information, which could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares. Any failure to comply with the continued listing standards of the NYSE MKTTSX or the TSX,eligibility requirements of the OTCQB, including by maintaining a minimum listing price, could result in, among other things, the initiation of delisting proceedings.proceedings from the TSX and quotation of the Company’s Common Shares on the OTC Pink Open Market, which may severely adversely affect the market liquidity for the Company’s Common Shares by limiting the ability of broker-dealers to sell such Common Shares, and the ability of stockholders to sell their Common Shares in the secondary market. Ongoing compliance requirements have also made it more difficult and more expensive for the Company to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and the Company may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage in the future. As a result, it may be more difficult for the Company to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on its board of directorsBoard or as executive officers. If the Company fails to maintain the adequacy of its internal control over financial reporting, the Company'sCompany’s ability to provide accurate financial statements and comply with the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley andSarbanes-Oxleyand NI52-109could be impaired, which could cause the price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares to decrease.

Trading of the Company’s Common Shares in the United States may be affected by the voluntary delisting of the Company’s Common Shares from the NYSE American LLC.

The Company’s Common Shares are traded exclusively in the United States on the OTCQB. The Company’s Common Shares previously traded on the NYSE American LLC, and the OTCQB does not require the same level of disclosure and compliance requirements compared to the NYSE American LLC. The Company is still, however, required to meet its SEC filing requirements and to meet its TSX and Canadian filing, compliance and disclosure requirements. As the Company’s Common Shares are no longer listed on the NYSE American LLC, shareholders will not be able to trade its Common Shares on the NYSE American LLC and certain federal and state securities law exemptions for its Common Shares would no longer be available. Consequently, the trading market for the Company’s securities in the United States may be limited.

Internal controls cannot provide absolute assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and financial statement preparation.

Internal controls over financial reporting are procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are properly authorized, assets are safeguarded against unauthorized or improper use, and transactions are properly recorded and reported. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and financial statement preparation.

Entrée’s operations depend on information technology (“IT”) systems.

These IT systems could be subject to network disruptions caused by a variety of sources, including computer viruses, security breaches and cyberattacks, as well as disruptions resulting from incidents such as cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural disasters, terrorism, fire, power loss, vandalism and theft. Entrée’s operations also depend on the timely maintenance, upgrade and replacement of networks, equipment, IT systems and software, as well asDifferencespre-emptive expenses to mitigate the risks of failures. Any of these and other events could result in information system failures, delays or increase in capital expenses. The failure of information systems or a component of information systems could, depending on the nature of any such failure, adversely impact Entrée’s reputation and results of operations. Although to date Entrée has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security breaches, there can be no assurance that Entrée will not incur such losses in the future. Entrée’s risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully mitigated because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement of controls, processes and practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a priority. As cyber threats continue to evolve, Entrée may be required to expend additional resources to continue to modify or enhance protective measures or to investigate and remediate any security vulnerabilities.

There are differences in United States and Canadian reporting of reserves and resources.

The disclosure in this Annual Report, including the documents incorporated herein by reference, uses terms that comply with reporting standards in Canada. The terms "mineral resource"“mineral resource”, "Measured“Measured mineral resource"resource”, "Indicated“Indicated mineral resource"resource” and "Inferred“Inferred mineral resource"resource” are defined in and required to be used by the Company pursuant to NI43-101; however, these terms are not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7 and normally arehave historically not been permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves. "Inferred“Inferred mineral resources"resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of the Measured mineral resources, Indicated mineral resources, or Inferred mineral resources will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of Feasibility,Pre-Feasibility studies or other economic studies, except in rare cases.

27

Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an Inferred mineral resource exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of "contained ounces"“contained ounces” in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normallyhistorically only permitspermited issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute "reserves"“reserves” by SEC Industry Guide 7 standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures.

Further, the terms "mineral reserve"“mineral reserve”, "Proven“Proven mineral reserve"reserve” and "Probable“Probable mineral reserve"reserve” are Canadian mining terms as defined in accordance with NI43-101 and the CIM Standards. These definitions differ from the definitions in SEC Industry Guide 7. Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a "final"“final” or "bankable"“bankable” Feasibility Study is required to report reserves, the three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves and all necessary permits or governmental authorizations must be filed with the appropriate governmental authority.

Accordingly, information contained in this Annual Report and the documents incorporated by reference herein containing descriptions of the Company'sCompany’s mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by United States companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

disclosed in accordance with SEC Industry Guide 7.

As a "foreign“foreign private issuer"issuer”, the Company is exempt from Section 14 proxy rules and Section 16 of the U.S. Exchange Act.

The Company is a "foreign“foreign private issuer"issuer” as defined inRule 3b-4 under the U.S. Exchange Act. Equity securities of the Company are accordingly exempt from Sections 14(a), 14(b), 14(c), 14(f) and 16 of the U.S. Exchange Act pursuant toRule 3a12-3 of the U.S. Exchange Act. Therefore, the Company is not required to file a Schedule 14A proxy statement in relation to the annual meeting of shareholders. The submission of proxy and annual meeting of shareholder information on Form6-K may result in shareholders having less complete and timely information in connection with shareholder actions. The exemption from Section 16 rules regarding reports of beneficial ownership and purchases and sales of Common Shares by insiders and restrictions on insider trading in our securities may result in shareholders having less data and there being fewer restrictions on insiders'insiders’ activities in our securities.

Item 4. Information on the Company
Item 4.

Information on the Company

A.

History and Development of the Company

Entrée is an exploration stage company that also has an interest in twoan advanced projects.  Entrée is engaged in the exploration of mineral resource propertiesproject located in the United States, Mongolia, Peru and Australia.Mongolia. The Company'sCompany’s executive office is located at:

Suite 1201 - 1166 Alberni1650 – 1066 West Hastings Street

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3Z3

3X1

Phone: 604.687.4777

Fax: 604.687.4770

Website: www.entreegold.com.

www.EntreeResourcesLtd.com.

Information contained on the Company'sCompany’s website does not form part of this Annual Report. The Company'sCompany’s registered and records office is located at 2900-5502900 – 550 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 0A3 and its agent for service of process in the United States of America is National Registered Agents, Inc., 1090 Vermont Avenue NW, Suite 910, Washington, DC 20005.

Entrée maintains an administrative office in Yerington, Nevada to support United States operations at the following address:
5B Hwy 95A East
Yerington, NV 89447
Phone: 775.463.4467
Fax: 775.463.4468
28

Entrée maintains an administrative office in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, to support Mongolian operations. The address of the Mongolian office is:

Suite 409

Gurvan Gal office center 8/1, Chinggis Avenue

Sukhbaatar District 1st County

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Phone: 976.11.318562

Fax: 976.11.319426

The Company was incorporated in British Columbia, Canada, on July 19, 1995, under the name "Timpete“Timpete Mining Corporation"Corporation”. On February 5, 2001, the Company changed its name to "Entré“Entrée Resources Inc.". “. On October 9, 2002 the Company changed its name from "Entré“Entrée Resources Inc." to "Entré“Entrée Gold Inc." and, on January 22, 2003, changed its jurisdiction of domicile from British Columbia to the Yukon Territory by continuing into the Yukon Territory. On May 27, 2005, the Company changed the governing jurisdiction from the Yukon Territory to British Columbia by continuing into British Columbia under theBusiness Corporation Act(British Columbia) (the "BCBCA"“BCBCA”). On May 9, 2017, the Company changed its name to “Entrée Resources Ltd.”

The Company’s common shares (“Common Shares”) traded on the TSX Venture Exchange until April 24, 2006. On April 24, 2006, the Company’s Common Shares began trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol “ETG”. Effective October 1, 2019, the Company voluntarily withdrew its Common Shares from listing on the NYSE American LLC and its Common Shares commenced trading on theOver-the-Counter OTCQB Venture Market (the “OTCQB”) under the symbol “ERLFF”.

At inception the Company'sCompany’s Memorandum and Articles authorized it to issue up to 20 million Common Shares without par value. On September 30, 1997, the Company subdivided its authorized capital on a two new shares for one old share basis, resulting in authorized capital of 40 million Common Shares without par value. On February 5, 2001, the Company subdivided its Common Shares on a four new shares for one old share basis, thus increasing its authorized capital to 160 million Common Shares without par value and simultaneously reduced its authorized capital to 100 million Common Shares without par value. On October 9, 2002 the Company consolidated its authorized capital, both issued and unissued, on the basis of one new share for each two old shares, resulting in authorized capital of 50 million Common Shares without par value and simultaneously increased the authorized capital from 50 million Common Shares without par value to 100 million Common Shares without par value. On May 20, 2004, the Company received approval from its shareholders to increase its authorized share capital from 100 million Common Shares without par value to an unlimited number of Common Shares, all without par value. This increase became effective June 16, 2004, the date the Company filed the amendment to its Articles.

At the Company'sCompany’s Annual General Meeting of shareholders held on June 27, 2013, shareholders confirmed the alteration of the Company'sCompany’s Articles by the addition of advance notice provisions as Part 14B (the "Advance“Advance Notice Provisions"Provisions”). The Advance Notice Provisions provide shareholders, directors and management of the Company with a clear framework for nominating directors of the Company. Only persons who are eligible under the BCBCA and who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures set forth in the Advance Notice Provisions shall be eligible for election as directors of the Company. At any annual general meeting of shareholders, or at any special meeting of shareholders if one of the purposes for which the special meeting was called is the election of directors, nominations of persons for election to the Company'sCompany’s board of directors (the "Board"“Board”) may be made only: (a) by or at the direction of the Board, including pursuant to a notice of meeting; (b) by or at the direction or request of one or more shareholders pursuant to a "proposal"“proposal” made in accordance with Part 5, Division 7 of the BCBCA, or pursuant to a requisition of the shareholders made in accordance with section 167 of the BCBCA; or (c) by any person (a "Nominating Shareholder"“Nominating Shareholder”): (A) who, at the close of business on the date of the giving by the Nominating Shareholder of the notice provided for in the Advance Notice Provisions and at the close of business on the record date for notice of such meeting, is entered in the securities register of the Company as a holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting or who beneficially owns shares that are entitled to be voted at such meeting and provides evidence of such ownership that is satisfactory to the Company, acting reasonably; and (B) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in the Advance Notice Provisions.

On February 28, 2017, the Company announced that the Board had approved aspin-out of Entrée’s Ann Mason Project in Nevada and Lordsburg property in New Mexico into a newly incorporated wholly-owned subsidiary, Mason Resources Corp. (“Mason Resources”), through a plan of arrangement under Section 288 of the BCBCA (the “Arrangement”). The Company'sArrangement closed on May 9, 2017. Entrée shareholders received common shares of Mason Resources by way of a share exchange, pursuant to which each existing Common Shares tradedShare of Entrée was exchanged for one “new” Common Share of Entrée and 0.45 of a common share of Mason Resources. A total of 77,805,786 common shares of Mason Resources were distributed to Entrée shareholders. Mason Resources’ common shares commenced trading on the TSX Venture Exchange until April 24, 2006.  On April 24, 2006, the Company's Common Shares began trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX")May 12, 2017 under the symbol "ETG".  The Company's Common Shares also trade“MNR”, and on NYSE MKTthe OTCQB on November 9, 2017, under the symbol "EGI"“MSSNF”. On December 19, 2018, Mason Resources and onHudbay Minerals Inc. (“Hudbay”) completed a plan of arrangement under Part 9, Division 5 of the Frankfurt Stock ExchangeBCBCA whereby Hudbay acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Mason Resources it did not already own for C$0.40 per common share. Mason Resources’ shares were delisted from the TSX and removed from the OTCQB and Mason Resources ceased to be a reporting issuer under the symbol "EKA".

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applicable Canadian securities laws.

General Development of the Business

Entrée is an exploration stage resource company engaged in exploring and developing mineral resource properties.  We havewith interests in exploration and advanced properties in Mongolia, Peru and Australia.

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

Entrée’s principal asset is its interest in the United States, Mongolia, Australia and Peru.  Our two principal assets are our Ann Mason copper-molybdenum project in NevadaEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi joint venture property (the "Ann Mason Project"“Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property”) and our– a carried 20% joint ventureparticipating interest in two of the Oyu Tolgoi project deposits, and a carried 20% or 30% interest (depending on the depth of mineralization) in Mongolia (the "Entréthe surrounding large, underexplored, highly prospective land package located in the South Gobi region of Mongolia. Entrée’s joint venture partner, Oyu Tolgoi LLC (“OTLLC”), holds the remaining interest.

The Oyu Tolgoi project includes two separate land holdings: the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, which is held by OTLLC (66% Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. (“Turquoise Hill”) and 34% the Government of Mongolia), and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property").

The Ann Mason Project in Nevada includes the Ann Mason copper-molybdenum deposit,Property, which hosts Measured, Indicatedis a partnership between Entrée and Inferred mineral resources, and the Blue Hill copper deposit, which hosts Inferred mineral resources.  The Company reported the results of the updated Ann Mason deposit Preliminary Economic Assessment ("2015 PEA") on September 9, 2015.
OTLLC. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongoliacomprises the eastern portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence, and all of the Javhlant mining licence, which mostly surround the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence (Figure 1 below). Both the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences are held by Entrée. The terms of the joint venture between Entrée and OTLLC (the “Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV”) state that Entrée has a 20% participating interest with respect to mineralization extracted from deeper than 560 m below surface and a 30% participating interest with respect to mineralization extracted from above 560 m depth.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property includes the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit (also referred to as “HNE”) and the majority of the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit. The resources at Hugo North Extension include a Probable reserve, which is included inpart of the first lift ("(“Lift 1"1”) of the Oyu Tolgoi underground block cave mining operation. Although undergroundLift 1 is in development pre-start activities are underway, firstby project operator Rio Tinto. When completed, Oyu Tolgoi is expected to become the world’s third largest copper mine.

In addition to the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit, the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property includes approximately 94% of the resource tonnes outlined at the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit and a large exploration land package, which together form a significant component of the overall Oyu Tolgoi project.

On January 15, 2018, the Company announced the results of a Technical Report completed on its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property (the “2018 Technical Report”). The 2018 Technical Report discusses two development productionscenarios, a reserve case (the “2018 Reserve Case”) and aLife-of-Mine (“LOM”) Preliminary Economic Assessment (“2018 PEA”). The 2018 Reserve Case is based only on mineral reserves attributable to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV from Lift 1 of the Hugo North Extension underground block cave.

The 2018 PEA is not expected until after 2020. Aan alternative development scenario completed at a conceptual level that assesses the inclusion of mineral resources from the second lift ("of Hugo North Extension (“Lift 2"2”) for the Oyu Tolgoi underground block cave operation, including additionaland Heruga into an overall mine plan with mineral resources from Hugo North Extension has been proposed but has not yet been modeledLift 1. The 2018 PEA includes Indicated and Inferred resources from Hugo North Extension Lifts 1 and 2, and Inferred resources from Heruga. Significant development and capital decisions will be required for the eventual development of Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga once production commences at Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

Both the 2018 Reserve Case and the 2018 PEA are based on information reported within the existing2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study (“OTFS16”), completed by OTLLC on the Oyu Tolgoi project (refer to Turquoise Hill’s press release dated October 21, 2016). OTFS16 discusses the mine plan.

If,plan for Lift 1 of the Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) underground block cave on both the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Rio Tinto is managing the construction and eventual operation of Lift 1 as well as any future development of deposits included in the 2018 PEA. Subsequent to the completion of OTFS16 and the 2018 Technical Report, Rio Tinto advised that more detailed geotechnical information and different ground conditions have required a review of the mine design and the development schedule. A definitive estimate (the “Definitive Estimate”) is expected to be delivered in the second half of 2020, reflecting the preferred mine design approach and the impact on mineral resources and reserves estimates and overall cost and schedule for the underground development.

LOM highlights of the production results from time to time,the 2018 Reserve Case and the 2018 PEA are summarized in Table 1 below.

Table 1 – Summary LOM Production Results – Entrée becomes awaree/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

    
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property     Units     2018 Reserve Case  2018 PEA

Probable Reserve Feed

     

35 Mt @ 1.59% Cu,

0.55 g/t Au, 3.72 g/t Ag

(1.93% CuEq)

  ----

Indicated Resource Feed

     ----  

113 Mt @ 1.42% Cu,

0.50 g/t Au, 3.63 g/t Ag(1.73%

CuEq)

Inferred Resource Feed

     ----  

708 Mt @ 0.53% Cu,

0.44 g/t Au, 1.79 g/t Ag

(0.82 % CuEq)

Copper Recovered

  Mlb  1,115  10,497

Gold Recovered

  koz  514  9,367

Silver Recovered

  koz  3,651  45,378

Notes:

Mineral reserves and resources estimates have an effective date of January 15, 2018.

Mineral reserves and mineral resources are reported on a 100% basis.

Entrée has a 20% interest in the above processed material and recovered metal.

The mineral reserves in the 2018 Reserve Case are not additive to the mineral resources in the 2018 PEA.

Copper equivalent (“CuEq”) is calculated as shown in the footnotes to Table 3 and Table 4 below.

The economic analysis in the 2018 PEA does not have as high a level of propertiescertainty as the 2018 Reserve Case. The 2018 PEA is preliminary in nature and includes Inferred mineral resources that are complementaryconsidered too speculative geologically to its existing projects, particularly largehave the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the 2018 PEA will be realized. Mineral resources are not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability.

In both development options (2018 Reserve Case and 2018 PEA) the 2018 Technical Report only contemplates the production and cash flows attributable to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, not production and cash flows for other mineral deposits located on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence owned 100% by OTLLC. Note the production and cash flows from these two development options are not additive.

Below are some of the key production assumptions and outputs from the two alternative cases, the 2018 Reserve Case and the 2018 PEA. All figures shown for both cases are reported on a 100% Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV basis.

Key items per the 2018 Reserve Case are as follows:

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property development production from Hugo North Extension Lift 1 is assumed to start in 2021 with initial block cave production starting in 2026.

14-year mine life(5-years development production and9-years block cave production).

Maximum production rate of approximately 24,000 tpd, which is blended with production from OTLLC’s Oyut open pit deposit and Hugo North deposit to reach an average mill throughput of approximately 110,000 tpd.

Key items per the 2018 PEA outputs are as follows:

Table 2 – Summary 2018 PEA Production Outputs – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property         Units        2018 PEA(1) 
               HNE Lift 1 + Lift 2                    HNE Lift 1+2+Heruga         

Mine Life(2)

  Years         33     77

Metal Recovered(3)

●                Copper

●                Gold

●                Silver

  

Mlb      

Koz      

Koz      

 

 

 

  

5,579  

2,637  

20,442  

 

 

 

  

10,497

9,367

45,378

 

 

 

Notes:

(1)

The economic analysis in the 2018 PEA does not have as high a level of certainty as the 2018 Reserve Case. The 2018 PEA is preliminary in nature and includes Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the 2018 PEA will be realized. Mineral resources are not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability.

(2)

* The 2018 PEA covers a period from 2021 to 2097 (77 years), but there is an11-year period (2054-2064) with no mining from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property when other mineralization from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence is being mined and processed.

(3)

Entrée has a 20% attributable interest in the recovered metal.

Mineralization mined from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is blended with production from other deposits on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence to reach a mill throughput of 110,000 tpd.

Development schedule assumes for Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property:

2021 start of Lift 1 development production and in 2026 initial Lift 1 block cave production

2028 Lift 2 development production and in 2035 initial Lift 2 block cave production

2065 Heruga development production and in 2069 initial block cave production

The 2018 PEA and the 2018 Reserve Case are not mutually exclusive; if the 2018 Reserve Case is developed and brought into production, the mineralization from Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga is not sterilized or reduced in tonnage baseor grades. Heruga could be a completely standalone underground operation, independent of other Oyu Tolgoi project underground development, and precious metal targets (or smaller, higher grade bodiesprovides considerable flexibility for mine planning and development.

Subsequent to the completion of OTFS16 and the 2018 Technical Report, Rio Tinto advised that maymore detailed geotechnical information and different ground conditions have required a review of the mine design and the development schedule. A Definitive Estimate is expected to be indicativedelivered in the second half of concealed larger tonnage mineralized systems), it may negotiate2020, reflecting the preferred mine design approach and enter into agreementsthe impact on resources and reserves estimates and overall cost and schedule for the underground development. Once OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto have determined the preferred mine design approach and delivered the Definitive Estimate, the Company will be able to acquire them.  The commoditiesassess the potential impact on the key production assumptions and outputs from the two alternative cases, the 2018 Reserve Case and the 2018 PEA. On July 15, 2019, Turquoise Hill stated that Entrée is most likely to pursue include copper, gold and molybdenum, which are often associated with large tonnage, porphyry related environments.  Smaller, higher grade systemscurrent information indicates that Oyu Tolgoi mineral reserves will not be materially impacted by the mine design options being considered; however, ongoing reviews will be considered byas work progresses.

The 2018 Technical Report has been filed on SEDAR and EDGAR and is available for review under the Company’s profile on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) or EDGAR (www.sec.gov) or onwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com.

Arrangement with Mason Resources

On February 28, 2017, the Company announced that the Board had approved aspin-out of Entrée if they demonstrate potential for near-term production and cash-flow.

Three Year History
Over the last three completed financial years, Entrée continued to acquire key claims within and contiguous to the boundaries of itse’s Ann Mason Project in Nevada and Lordsburg property in New Mexico into a newly incorporated wholly-owned subsidiary, Mason Resources, through a court approved plan of arrangement under Section 288 of the Yerington copper camp, Nevada.  In August 2014,BCBCA. The Arrangement closed on May 9, 2017. The Company’s shareholders received common shares of Mason Resources in proportion to their shareholdings in the Company by way of a share exchange, pursuant to which each existing Common Share of the Company held as of the effective date of the Arrangement was exchanged for one “new” Common Share of the Company and 0.45 of a common share of Mason Resources. A total of 77,805,786 common shares of Mason Resources were distributed to the Company’s shareholders. There was no change to shareholders’ interests in the Company.

The Company transferred to Mason Resources all of the issued and outstanding shares of Entrée commenced Pre-Feasibility drilling at itsU.S. Holdings Inc., which indirectly held the Ann Mason Project.Project and the Lordsburg property, along with $8.84 million in cash. The infill drill program was completed at the end of January 2015, and comprised 40 holes and a total of approximately 19,265 metres of combined reverse circulation ("RC") pre-collars and core.  The resultsresult of the work are incorporated in the 2015 PEAArrangement was two separate and focused, well-capitalized entities, each with a high-quality advanced project providing new resource estimate. Approximately 95%and existing shareholders with optionality as to investment strategy and risk profile.

Optionholders and warrantholders of the mineralization constrained within the ultimate PEA pit ("Phase 5") is now classified as either Measured or Indicated resources with the remaining 5% as Inferred resources. In 2015, Entrée also initiated a detailed metallurgical program, designed to better characterize the metallurgical processesCompany received replacement options and recoveries in the 2015 PEA and to support a future Pre-Feasibility study.

In August 2013, developmentwarrants of the Oyu Tolgoi underground was delayedCompany and options and warrants of Mason Resources which are proportionate to, allow matters between the Government of Mongolia and Oyu Tolgoi LLC ("OTLLC"), Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, "Turquoise Hill") and Rio Tinto plc (together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, "Rio Tinto") to be resolved. Over the last three completed financial years, the Government of Mongolia, Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill and OTLLC have worked towards the successful resolution of outstanding issues, culminating in the May 18, 2015 executionreflective of the Underground Mine Developmentterms of, their original options and Financing Plan (the "Mine Plan")warrants of the Company.

Mason Resources’ common shares commenced trading on the TSX on May 12, 2017 under the symbol “MNR”, and on the OTCQB on November 9, 2017 under the symbol “MSSNF”. On December 14, 2015, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC signed19, 2018, Mason Resources and Hudbay completed a $4.4 billion finance facility (with provision for up to $6 billion) for underground mine development at the Oyu Tolgoi project, including Lift 1plan of arrangement under Part 9, Division 5 of the Entrée-OTLLC joint venture's Hugo North Extension deposit. On January 18, 2016, Turquoise Hill announced that work continues toward completingBCBCA whereby Hudbay acquired all the 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study, including an updated capital estimateissued and securing all necessary permitsoutstanding common shares of Mason Resources it did not already own for the development of the underground mine. Once these steps have been completed, which is expected in the second quarter of 2016, Turquoise Hill expects a formal 'notice to proceed' decision.

Over the last three completed financial years, Entrée has also engaged in discussions with Oyu Tolgoi stakeholders regarding issues arising from Entrée's exclusionC$0.40 per common share. Mason Resources’ shares were delisted from the 2009 Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.
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TSX and removed from the OTCQB and Mason Resources ceased to be a reporting issuer under applicable Canadian securities laws.

Three Year History

The following is a timeline summarizing the general development of Entrée'se’s business over the last three completed financial years:


January 2013 – September 2014
Through a combination of staking and purchase agreements, Entrée acquires additional key ground within and contiguous to the boundaries of the Ann Mason Project.

January 2013

2017

First ore from the first phase

The Company closes an oversubscribednon-brokered private placement of the Oyu Tolgoi project (OTLLC's Southern Oyu open pits) is processed through the concentrator, followed shortly by production18,529,484 units at a price of the first copper-gold concentrate.

February 2013
Entrée enters into a comprehensive financing package with Sandstorm Gold Ltd.C$0.41 per unit for gross proceeds of approximately $55 million.
C$7,597,088. Each unit consists of one Common Share andone-half of one transferable Common Share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional Common Share for five years.

February 2017

The Company announces its Board has approved a strategic reorganization of its business. Pursuant to the Arrangement, Entrée’s Ann Mason Project in Nevada and Lordsburg property in New Mexico and $8.84 million will be transferred to a newly incorporated company, Mason Resources. Shareholders of the Company will receive common shares of Mason Resources in proportion to their shareholdings in the Company. There will be no change to shareholders’ existing interests in the Company. The Arrangement is expected to result in two separate and focused, well-capitalized, debt-free entities, each with a high-quality advanced project providing new and existing shareholders with optionality as to investment strategy and risk profile.

May 2017

The Company announces that its shareholders voted 97.93% in favour of approving thespin-out of Mason Resources, subject to final court approval and TSX acceptance. The Arrangement closes on May 9, 2017. Concurrent with the closing, the Company changes its name from “Entrée receives noticeGold Inc.” to “Entrée Resources Ltd.”.

Turquoise Hill reports that the focus of underground development activities continues to be lateral development, sinking of Shafts 2 and 5, support infrastructure and theconvey-to-surface system. Sinking of Shaft 2 is expected to reach its final depth of 1,284 m later in 2017. Completion of Shaft 5 sinking is likely in early 2018. Supporting infrastructure progressed with Oyut II Camp construction activities increasing. The new development crusher and dewatering system are on target to enable an additional development crew to be added in the third quarter of 2017. Development of theconvey-to-surface decline continued to progress following completion of bulk excavation at the end of 2016. Theconvey-to-surface system is the eventual route of the full 95,000 tonne per day underground ore delivery system to the concentrator. Turquoise Hill expects production from the Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia thatfirst draw bell on the Ministry of Mining has cancelled the July 10, 2009 Order of the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy registering the Hugo Dummett (including the Hugo North Extension) and Heruga reserves.  The notice further advises that any transfer, sale or lease of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences is temporarily restricted.  Entrée initiates discussions with representatives of the Mongolian Government, including the Ministry of Mining, as well as other Oyu Tolgoi stakeholders,mining licence in order to resolve the temporary restriction on the transfer of the mining licences.mid-2020.

March 2013

August 2017

The Company closes its private placement of 17,857,142 Common Shares at a price of C$0.56 per Common Share to Sandstorm Gold Ltd.

The Company announces that it has filedengaged Wood Canada Limited (formerly known as Amec Foster Wheeler Americas Limited) (“Wood”) to complete an updatedinitial data review to be followed up by a technical report onwhich will include a Preliminary Economic Assessment of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, which discusses the impact on theJV’s Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga deposits of OTLLC's updated mine plan.

Heruga.

April 2013

October 2017

Entrée initiates

The Company announces that Wood has completed its initial data review and has commenced work on a combined RC and core drilling program at its Ann Mason ProjectNI43-101 technical report relating to Entrée’s participating interest in Nevada,the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. The technical report is expected to test for extensions of mineralization, andbe completed by January 2018. Following a visit by management to potentially extend the mineralization within the current Ann Mason pit design and reduce the waste-to-mineralization strip ratio.

Turquoise Hill reports that Rio Tinto has signed commitment letters with 15 global banks that lock in pricing and terms for long-term project financing for underground development at Oyu Tolgoi.
June 2013
The Rt. Honourable Lord Howard of Lympne succeeds James Harris as non-executive Chairman of the Board.
Entrée begins baseline environmental studies at Ann Mason, including wildlife, biology, archaeology and cultural surveys, which will be used to expand the area covered under the existing Plan of Operations.
July 2013
The first shipment of copper concentrate leaves the Oyu Tolgoi open pit copperunderground development project in September 2017, the Company reports that project development, including both direct production and gold mine in Mongoliasupporting infrastructure, appears to be on track and is being completed to the highest safety and operating standards. The site visit provides Company management with an opportunity to tour some of the main surface infrastructure, including the concentrator and tailings facilities and to also go underground to observe some of the development work completed to date. In addition, management was able to review plans with OTLLC for customers in China.
the immediate and medium-term future.

After receiving notification from the Government of Mongolia that project financing for Oyu Tolgoi will now require approval by the Mongolian Parliament,

November 2017

Turquoise Hill announces that fundingsince there-start of development, a total of 5.4 equivalent km of lateral development has been completed. During the third quarter of 2017, the third development crew was deployed. Crews four and developmentfive are in training and are expected to be deployed during the fourth quarter of 2017. Also during the third quarter of 2017, commissioning of the Oyu Tolgoi underground will be delayed until all matters withnew 3,500 tonne per day development crusher was completed. With the Mongolian Government can be resolveddeployment of crews four and five, a new timetable has been agreed.

step up in lateral development rates is expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2017.

August 2013

January 2018

Development of the Oyu Tolgoi underground is suspended pending the resolution of outstanding OTLLC shareholder issues.
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September 2013
The Company announces the results for its combined core and RC drilling program on the Ann Mason Project in Nevada.
The Oyu Tolgoi open pit mine achieves official Commencement of Production, as defined in the 2009 Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.
October 2013
The Company announces that it has been advised that the temporary transfer restriction on the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences in Mongolia will be lifted and that the reserves for the joint venture deposits as approved through the July 10, 2009 Order of the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy will stand as originally presented.
July 2014
Entrée commences Pre-Feasibility infill drilling at its Ann Mason Project in Nevada.  The drill program is designed to upgrade the mineral resources contained in the Phase 5 pit from Indicated and Inferred to a mix of Measured and Indicated categories.
September 2014
Turquoise Hill announces that the 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study has been finalized and presented to the board of directors of OTLLC.  The 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study updates the reserve case reported in Entrée's March 2013 technical report. The 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study also discusses several alternative production cases that would include Indicated and Inferred resources at Hugo North Extension and Inferred resources at Heruga, and allow for continuous improvement in plant throughput and potential plant expansions up to 350 thousand tonnes per day.
The lender commitments for project financing for the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine expire.
November 2014
The Company reports on changes and impacts specific to the Entrée-OTLLC joint venture resulting from the technical report filed by Turquoise Hill relating to the Oyu Tolgoi project.
January 2015
The Company reports the assay results from the first 20 holes of its 40-hole Pre-Feasibility infill drill program at the Ann Mason Project in Nevada.
March 2015
The Company reports the assay results from the final 20 holes of its 40-hole Pre-Feasibility infill drill program at the Ann Mason Project in Nevada.
Turquoise Hill announces that OTLLC has filed a statutory 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study with the Mongolian Minerals Council. The 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study is based on, and is consistent with, the 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study. The 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study contains two production cases – a Reserve case and a Life of Mine case.
May 2015
Turquoise Hill, OTLLC, Rio Tinto and the Government of Mongolia execute the Mine Plan, which resolves a number of issues between the parties and provides a pathway forward to the eventual restart of Phase 2 underground development, including Lift 1 of the Entrée-OTLLC joint venture's Hugo North Extension deposit.
July 2015
Anna Stylianides is appointed to the Board.
August 2015
Turquoise Hill announces that OTLLC has filed revised schedules for the 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study with the Mongolian Minerals Council, which aligns it with the Mine Plan.
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September 2015

The Company announces the results of the 20152018 Technical Report completed on its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The 2018 Technical Report discusses two development scenarios, a reserve case and a LOM Preliminary Economic Assessment. The 2018 Reserve Case is based only on mineral reserves attributable to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV from Lift 1 of the Hugo North Extension underground block cave. The 2018 PEA is an alternative development scenario completed at a conceptual level that assesses the inclusion of mineral resources from Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga into an overall mine plan with mineral resources from Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

Turquoise Hill announces the sinking of Shaft 5 is expected to be complete in the first quarter of 2018. In December 2017, the fifth development crew became fully operational. OTLLC has completed the sinking of Shaft 2, including reaching final depth, shaft bottom mass excavation and concrete floor installation, marking an early milestone in the development progress of Lift 1. The fit out of Shaft 2 will take place throughout 2018. Turquoise Hill continues to expect the first draw bell inmid-2020 and sustainable first production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence in 2021.

February 2018

The Company announces that Lord Howard has retired from his positions as director andNon-Executive Chair of the Board. Mark Bailey has been appointedNon-Executive Chair of the Board and Michael Price has been appointed to the Board to fill the vacancy created by Lord Howard’s retirement.

March 2018

As reported by Turquoise Hill, the sinking of Shaft 5 is completed at a final depth of 1,178 m. Installation of the shaft exhaust fan is on target to be finished in early second quarter 2018. Shaft 5 will be dedicated to ventilation thereby increasing the capacity for underground activities.

June 2018

The Company announces that it has sold its 100%-owned Ann Mason copper-molybdenum porphyry deposit0.5% NSR royalty on Candente Copper Corp.’s Cañaraico copper project in Nevada.Northern Peru to Anglo Pacific Group PLC (“Anglo Pacific”). The 2015 PEA incorporatesCompany transferred all the resultsissued and outstanding shares of Entrée's infill drill programits subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the royalty to Anglo Pacific for consideration of $1 million, payable by the issuance of 478,951 Anglo Pacific shares. The Company also retains the right to a portion of any future royalty income received by Anglo Pacific in relation to the royalty.

July 2018

Turquoise Hill announces the Oyu Tolgoi project has achieved an important underground development milestone with the completed commissioning of Shaft 5, which is 1,178 m deep and 6.7 m in diameter. There is expected to be astep-up in underground activities with the increased ventilation capacity from Shaft 5. Earthworks for Shafts 3 and 4 continued during the second quarter 2018 and the sinking package was awarded in July 2018.

October 2018

Turquoise Hill announces that Rio Tinto, in its role as manager of the Oyu Tolgoi project and underground construction contractor, has undertaken its second annual schedule and costre-forecast for the project. According to thisre-forecast, lateral development has progressed well, the construction completion schedule for Hugo North Lift 1 on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence remains on track for 2022 and the project is expected to be completed at the $5.3 billion budget estimate disclosed in OTFS16 and Turquoise Hill’s 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Technical Report. OTLLC has committed $2.1 billion to Mongolian vendors and contractors since the restart of project development. Additionally, several key facilities have been completed, including Shaft 5, various underground infrastructure and a new resource estimate. Approximately 95%camp to house 5,500 workers.

Despite significant progress in the development of the mineralization constrained within the ultimate Phase 5 pit is now classified as either Measured or Indicated resources with the remaining 5% as Inferred resources. The 2015 PEA also includesproject, Rio Tinto has notified Turquoise Hill, based on preliminary results of its second annual schedule and costre-forecast for the project, of a detailed metallurgical program, designeddelay to better characterizeachievement of sustainable first production from Hugo North Lift 1 on the metallurgical processesOyu Tolgoi mining licence which is now expected to occur by the end of third quarter 2021 instead of first quarter 2021. This is a result of certain delays including, but not limited to, the completion of Shaft 2 and recoverieschallenging ground conditions. First draw bell remains on track formid-2020, partly due to a change in the 2015 PEA and to support a future Pre-Feasibility study.

draw bell sequencing strategy.

November 2018

Turquoise Hill announces that the main focus of 2018 continues to be underground lateral development, the fit out of Shaft 2, support infrastructure and theconvey-to-surface decline. At the end 2018, underground development is expected to have completed approximately 11 km of equivalent development through a mixture of mass excavation and lateral development.Pre-sinking activities for Shafts 3 and 4 progressed during the third quarter of 2018, including a box cut, and sinking for both shafts is expected to commencemid-2019. Shaft 2 completed sinking in January 2018 and was followed by the completion of stripping in the third quarter of 2018 and the start of thefit-out process in the same quarter. During the third quarter of 2018, Shaft 2 collar doors and controls were commissioned and mechanical installation of the rock breaker on the shaft’s jaw crusher was completed. Shaft 2 capabilities, along with increased development, are critical path items to the start of productionramp-up. During the third quarter of 2018, development of theconvey-to-surface decline also continued to progress with the permanent ventilation facility being commissioned and becoming operational. Theconvey-to-surface system enables production ramp up beyond the Shaft 2, 30,000 tonnes per day capacity to the full 95,000 tonne per day underground production from the mine.

December 2018

Turquoise Hill announces the signing of the Power Source Framework Agreement (“PSFA”) between OTLLC and the Government of Mongolia has signedwhich provides a binding framework and pathway forward for the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency ("MIGA")construction of a Tavan Tolgoi-based power project, as well as establishes the basis for host country approval with respecta long-term domestic solution for the Oyu Tolgoi project. The PSFA formalizes the role of each party and sets out an amended timetable for OTLLC to guaranteessource power domestically. Construction is expected to start in 2020 following further studies and commissioning of the power plant is scheduled formid-2023. OTLLC will now move forward to confirm the technical design of the project and finalize the commercial arrangements, including financing, underpinning the PSFA. The 300 megawatt plant will be issuedmajority owned by MIGA in connection withOTLLC and will be situated close to the Tavan Tolgoi coalfields.

April 2019

As reported by Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto, as manager of the Oyu Tolgoi project, financinghas advised Turquoise Hill that delays on the Shaft 2 fit out are expected to result in an overall schedule delay to sustainable first production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence beyond the end of third quarter 2021. Additionally, Rio Tinto is studying relocating the ore passes on the footprint and this may modify the initiation sequence within Panel 0. The study will be incorporated into the Definitive Estimate, as will work necessary to estimate any impact on cost and development schedule. The Definitive Estimate is expected to be complete towards the end of 2019.

May 2019

As reported by Turquoise Hill, during the first quarter of 2019 work continued on critical Shaft 2 equipping activities, central heating plant, mine infrastructure, underground materials handling system and on priority underground development. Thefit-out and commissioning of Shaft 2 is expected to be completed by the end of October 2019.Pre-sinking works for Shaft 3 and Shaft 4 have commenced.

August 2019

As reported by Turquoise Hill:

●   Improved rock mass information and geotechnical data modelling has confirmed that there are stability risks associated with components of the signingexisting mine design. Options include assessment of the impact of themid-access drives, location of theon-footprint components of the ore handling system, the sequence of crossing the panel boundaries during mining operations, and an option that alters the panel boundary approach and would leave temporary pillars in ore that would then be recovered later in the mine-life,sub-blocking the previously planned three panels into five or more panels.

●   A number of options are being evaluated to determine the final design of Panel 0, and this work is anticipated to continue into early 2020. Following a period of additional data collection and model updates, two phases of geotechnical modelling work are planned to inform staged mine design updates. The geotechnical modelling is expected to continue into early 2020 with final design decisions to be made at this time. A period of detailed design, schedule and cost estimation will follow resulting in the delivery of the Definitive Estimate in the second half of 2020, reflecting the preferred mine design approach.

●   All options under consideration present a clear pathway to sustainable first production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, albeit with different cost and schedule implications. Critically, all underground development to date has not been impacted at all by pending changes to the mine design, and all infrastructure developed to date remains usable and in the appropriate locations for all of the mine design options under review.

●   Based on these options, preliminary estimates indicate that sustainable first production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence could be delayed by 16 to 30 months compared to Turquoise Hill’s original feasibility study guidance in 2016, and the development capital spend for the Oyu Tolgoi underground project may increase by $1.2 billion to $1.9 billion over the $5.3 billion previously disclosed by Turquoise Hill. This range includes contingency of up to eight months reflecting the unexpected and challenging geotechnical issues, complexities in the construction of Shaft 2, and reflects the detailed work still required to reach a more precise estimate. This results in sustainable first production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence now being expected between May 2022 and June 2023 with the first drawbell now expected between October 2021 and September 2022.

●   Current information indicates that Oyu Tolgoi mineral reserves will not be materially impacted by the mine design options being considered; however, ongoing reviews will be considered as work progresses.

August – October 2019

The Company announces in August 2019 that it has received a notice from NYSE American LLC stating that it is not in compliance with certain continued listing standards. In September 2019 the Company announces its intention to voluntarily withdraw its Common Shares from listing on NYSE American LLC. After careful consideration and a review of several options, the Board has determined that a voluntary delisting and applying for trading on a more suitable U.S. trading platform is in the Company’s best interests. The Company announces that its last day of trading on the NYSE American LLC is September 30, 2019 and effective October 1, 2019, the Company’s Common Shares will commence trading on the OTCQB in the United States under the symbol “ERLFF”.

November 2019

As reported by Turquoise Hill, construction of Shaft 2 on the Oyu Tolgoi underground project is complete and is in the final stages of commissioning. The completion of Shaft 2 is a significant milestone in the project financing timeline.

October 2015
The Company files a NI 43-101 technical report entitled "Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment on the Ann Mason Project, Nevada, U.S.A.", with an effective date of September 9, 2015.
The Oyu Tolgoi project financing information circular is provided to the banking syndicate allowing for each institution's respective internal consideration and approval.
November 2015
Stephen Scott replaces Gregory Croweachieved, as Chief Executive Officer of the Company.
December 2015
OTLLC signs a $4.4 billion finance facility (with provisionit will allow for up to $6 billion) for300 people in the service hoist and lift up to 60 tonne skips in the production hoist, both of which will accelerate the development of the underground mine development at the Oyu Tolgoi project, including Lift 1copper-gold mine. Shafts 3 and 4pre-sinking works is complete.

The first of the Entrée-OTLLC joint venture's Hugo North Extension deposit.key decisions with respect to completing the final mine design has been made; amid-access drive will be retained only on the apex level of the mine design of Panel 0. Turquoise Hill expects decisions regarding the sequencing of the first panel of mining, Panel 0, productivity inputs and ore pass locations to be completed by April 2020. The facility isresultingPre-Feasibility Study designs being provided by a syndicatedetailed to Feasibility Study standard, then scheduled and costed to form the Definitive Estimate are due in the second half of international financial institutions and export credit agencies representing the governments of Canada, the United States and Australia, along with 15 commercial banks.

2020.


During the year ended December 31, 2013,2017, the Company acquired certain unpatented lode claims within or continguous todivested its mineral property interests in the boundaries of its Ann Mason Project pursuant to whichand the Company paid $50,000. Lordsburg property as part of the Arrangement with Mason Resources in exchange for 77,804,786 common shares of Mason Resources.

During the year ended December 31, 2014,2018, the Company acquired certain unpatented lode claims within or continguousdivested a 0.5% NSR royalty on Candente Copper Corp.’s Cañaraico copper project in Northern Peru to the boundariesAnglo Pacific in return for $1.0 million payable by issuance of its Ann Mason Project pursuant to which the Company paid $100,000 and issued 250,000478,951 common shares valued at $73,618. of Anglo Pacific.

During the year ended December 31, 2015, Entrée made payments of $500,000 related to mineral property acquisitions for2019, the Cañariaco project royalty.

Company did not divest any capital items.

The Company made no capital divestituresacquisitions during the past three fiscal years.

The SEC maintains an Internet site athttp://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Information is also available under the Company’s profile on SEDAR (www.sedar.com) or onwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com.

B.

Business Overview


Mineral Exploration Business


Entrée is in the mineral resource business. This business generally consists of three stages: exploration, development and production. Mineral resource companies that are in the exploration stage have not yet found mineral resources in commercially exploitable quantities and are engaged in exploring land in an effort to discover them. Mineral resource companies that have located mineral resources in commercially exploitable quantities and are preparing to extract them are in the development stage, and the properties are referred to as being "advanced"“advanced”. Companies engaged in the extraction of those mineral resources are in the production stage. The Company isEntrée has interests in the exploration stage, but has an interestand advanced properties in two advanced properties.

Mongolia, Peru and Australia.

Mineral resource exploration can consist of several stages. The earliest stage usually consists of the identification of a potential prospect through either the discovery of a mineralized showing on that property or as the result of a property being in proximity to another property on which exploitable resources have been identified, whether or not they are or have in the past been extracted.


After the identification of a property as a potential prospect, the next stage would usually be the acquisition of a right to explore the area for mineral resources. This can consist of the outright acquisition of the land and mineral rights or the acquisition of specific but limited mineral rights to the land (e.g. a licence, lease or concession). After acquisition, exploration typically begins with a surface examination by a professional geologist with the aim of identifying areas of potential mineralization, followed by detailed sampling and mapping of rock exposures along with possible geophysical and geochemical grid surveys overun-exposed portions of the property (i.e. underground), and possibly trenching in these covered areas to allow sampling of the underlying rock. Exploration also commonly includes systematic regularly-spaced drilling in order to determine the extent and grade of the mineralized system at depth and over a given area, and in sufficiently-advanced properties, gaining underground access by ramping or shafting in order to obtain bulk samples that would allow one to determine the ability to recover various commodities from the rock.

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A mineral resource may be identified and estimated through detailed exploration, drilling and sampling to establish geological and grade continuity followed by a geostatistical analysis of the data. The results are supported by a technical report prepared in accordance with NI43-101. A mineral resource company may then choose to have a Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA"(“PEA”) prepared, based on the mineral resource estimate.

Once exploration is sufficiently advanced, and if the resource estimate is of sufficient quality (i.e. with mineralization classified in the Indicated and/or Measured categories), the next step would be to undertake aPre-Feasibility study followed by a Feasibility Study.

Business of Entrée

Entrée's twoe’s principal assets are the Ann Mason copper-molybdenum project in Nevada, and Entrée'sasset is its joint venture interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongolia, which hostsforms a copper-gold porphyry system.

The Ann Mason Project in Nevada includessignificant portion of the 100% owned Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits, as well as the Blackjack IP, Blackjack Oxide and Roulette targets, and the Minnesota and Shamrock copper skarn targets.   Figure 3, which shows the Ann Mason Project location and more information about the Ann Mason Project are provided in "Item C. – Property, Plants and Equipment" below.
overall Oyu Tolgoi project area. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongolia, which forms part of the Oyu Tolgoi project, is comprised ofcomprises the eastern portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence which hosts the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit, and all of the Javhlant mining licence, and hosts:

The Hugo North Extension copper-gold porphyry deposit (Lift 1 and Lift 2):

Lift 1 is the upper portion of the Hugo North Extension copper-gold porphyry deposit and forms the basis of the 2018 Reserve Case. It is the northern portion of the Hugo North Lift 1 underground block cave mine plan that is currently in development on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence. Based on the mine design discussed in OTFS16 and the 2018 Technical Report, development would cross north onto the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in approximately 2021. Hugo North Extension Lift 1 Probable reserves include 35 Mt grading 1.59% copper, 0.55 g/t gold, and 3.72 g/t silver. Lift 1 mineral resources are also included in the alternative development scenario, as part of the mine plan for the 2018 PEA. Once OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto have determined the preferred mine design approach and delivered the Definitive Estimate, the Company will be able to assess the potential impact on mineral resources and reserves and the development schedule for the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Lift 2 is immediately below Lift 1 and is the next potential phase of underground mining, once Lift 1 mining is complete. Lift 2 is currently included as part of the alternative, 2018 PEA mine plan. Hugo North Extension Lift 2 resources included in the 2018 PEA mine plan are: 78 Mt (Indicated), grading 1.34% copper, 0.48 g/t gold, and 3.59 g/t silver; plus 88.4 Mt (Inferred), grading 1.34% copper, 0.48 g/t gold, and 3.59 g/t silver.

The Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum porphyry deposit is at the south end of the Oyu Tolgoi Trend of porphyry deposits. Approximately 94% of the Heruga deposit occurs on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The 2018 PEA includes Heruga as the final deposit to be mined, as two separate block caves, one to the south and a slightly deeper block cave to the north. The portion of the Heruga mineral resources that occur on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property are part of the alternative, 2018 PEA mine plan and include 620 Mt (Inferred) grading 0.42% copper, 0.43 g/t gold, and 1.53 g/t silver.

A large prospective land package.

Entrée has a 20% or 30% (depending on the depth of mineralization) participating interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV with OTLLC holding the remaining 80% (or 70%) interest. OTLLC has a 100% interest in other Oyu Tolgoi project areas, including the Oyut open pit, which hostsis currently in production, and the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit. Separately, Hugo North and Hugo South deposits on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence.

Entrée also has a 100% interest in the western portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence, which is referred to as "Shivee West"the “Shivee West Property”.

A map that illustrates The Shivee West Property is subject to a License Fees Agreement between Entrée and OTLLC and may ultimately be included in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and the Shivee West more clearlyProperty, known together as the “Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project” or the “Project”, are shown on Figure 1. This figure also shows the main mineral deposits that form the Oyu Tolgoi Trend of porphyry deposits and furtherseveral priority exploration targets, including Airstrip, Bumba Ulaan, Mag West, Gravity Ridge and Southwest IP.

Figure 1 – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project

LOGO

Notes:

* The Shivee West Property is subject to a License Fees Agreement between Entrée and OTLLC and may ultimately be included in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

** Outline of mineralization projected to surface.

Entrée has a 20% participating interest in the Hugo North Extension and Heruga resources and reserves.

Further details regarding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and Shivee WestProject are provided in Figure 1 and in "Item“Item 4. Information on the Company – C. Property, Plants and Equipment"Equipment” below.

The Hugo North Extension Probable reserve is reported in the Company's technical report titled "Lookout Hill Feasibility Study Update") ("LHTR16"), dated March 29, 2016.  LHTR16 discusses the mine plan for Lift 1 of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV's Hugo North Extension deposit (the "Reserve Case"). The Reserve Case assumes the processing of 1.5 billion tonnes of ore over an approximate 40 year period at 100 thousand tonnes per day ("ktpd") from Lift 1 of the Hugo North (including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV's Hugo North Extension) deposit and from OTLLC's Southern Oyu Tolgoi ("SOT") open pit.  Lift 1 of Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) is the most significant value driver for the Oyu Tolgoi project.
In addition to the Reserve Case, LHTR16 also discusses several alternative production cases that OTLLC has undertaken strategic planning work on. The alternative production cases would include Indicated and Inferred resources at Hugo North Extension and Inferred resources at Heruga, and allow for continuous improvement in plant throughput and potential plant expansions up to 350 ktpd. Due to the nature of the deposits associated with Oyu Tolgoi, the project has the flexibility to consider several options for optimizing the overall mine plan for the benefit of stakeholders.  Separate development decisions will need to be made based on future prevailing conditions and the experience obtained from developing and operating the initial phases of the project.

Aside from its two principal assets,asset, Entrée has royalty and other interests in exploration properties in the United States, Australia and Peru. See "Item“Item 4. Information on the Company – C. Property, Plants and Equipment"Equipment” below for more information.

Entrée's exploration activities are under the supervision of

Robert Cinits, P.Geo., Entrée'sformerly Vice President, Corporate Development.  Mr. Cinits isDevelopment of the Company and currently a QP as defined in NI 43-101. Unless otherwise noted herein, Mr. Cinitsconsultant to Entrée has approved all scientific and technical information in this Annual Report.

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All rock samples from our Mongolian properties have been prepared and analyzed by SGS Mongolia LLC or Actlabs Asia LLCReport. Mr. Cinits is a qualified person (“QP”) as defined in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.  Samples from Nevada have been prepared and analyzed at: Skyline Assayers and Laboratories, in Tucson, Arizona and Sparks, Nevada; Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories (formerly Acme Analytical Laboratories), in Elko and Reno, Nevada and Vancouver, British Columbia; and ALS Minerals (formerly ALS Chemex), in Sparks, Nevada and Vancouver, British Columbia.NI43-101.

Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto and OTLLC

In October 2004, the Company entered into an arm's-lengtharm’s-length Equity Participation andEarn-In Agreement (the "Earn-In Agreement"“Earn-In Agreement”) with Turquoise Hill. Under theEarn-In Agreement, Turquoise Hill agreed to purchase equity securities of the Company and was granted the right to earn an interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. TheEarn-In Agreement was amended in November 2004, to append the form of joint venture agreement (the “Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA”) that the parties are required to enter into at such time as theearn-in obligations are completed. Most of Turquoise Hill'sHill’s rights and obligations under theEarn-In Agreement, including its right of first refusal on the Shivee West Property, were subsequently assigned by it to what was then its wholly-owned subsidiary, OTLLC. OTLLC is also the title holder of the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, illustrated in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1 – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and Shivee West
above.

OTLLC undertook an exploration program which established the presence of two significant mineral deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property: the Hugo North Extension deposit and the Heruga deposit. These deposits form the northernmost and southernmost parts of the Oyu Tolgoi project, which is a series of porphyry deposits containing copper, gold, silver and molybdenum. The deposits stretch over 12 kilometres,km, from the Hugo North Extension deposit on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in the north, through the Hugo North and Hugo South deposits and SouthernOyut deposit on OTLLC’s Oyu deposits on OTLLC's Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, to the Heruga deposit in the south, the majority of which occurs on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in the south (Figure 2).

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Figure 2 - Idealized Profile (Longitudinal Section)– Cross Section Through the Oyu Tolgoi Trend of Heruga, Southern Oyu and Hugo DummettPorphyry Deposits (Section Looking West)

LOGO

Additional information regarding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is discussed under "Itemprovided in “Item 4. Information on the Company C. – Property, Plants and Equipment" Equipment” below.

On June 30, 2008, OTLLC gave notice to Entrée that it had completed itsearn-in obligations by expending a total of $35 million on exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. As a consequence, OTLLC earned an 80% interest in all minerals extracted belowa sub-surface depth of 560 metresm from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and a 70% interest in all minerals extracted from surface to a depth of 560 metresm from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.  The Earn-In Agreement provides that at such time as OTLLC completes its earn-in obligations,Property, and the parties willwere required to enter into a joint venture agreement in the form attached to the Earn-In Agreement.Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA. While the parties have not formally executed the joint venture agreement, the joint venture (the "EntréEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV")JVA, the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV is operating under those terms.

Under the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV,JVA, Entrée elected to have OTLLC debt finance Entrée'se’s share of costs with interest accruing at OTLLC'sOTLLC’s actual cost of capital or prime plus 2%, whichever is less, at the date of the advance. Debt repayment may be made in whole or in part from (and only from) 90% of monthly available cash flow arising from the sale of Entrée'se’s share of products. Such amounts will be applied first to payment of accrued interest and then to repayment of principal. Available cash flow means all net proceeds of sale of Entrée'se’s share of products in a month less Entrée'se’s share of costs of operations for the month. The debt financing and repayment provisions limit dilution of Entrée'se’s interest as the project progresses. Since formation of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV in 2008, and as of December 31, 2015,2019, the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV has expended $27.8approximately $32.9 million to advance the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. As of December 31, 2015,2019, OTLLC has contributed on Entrée'se’s behalf the required cash participation amount equal to 20% of the $27.8$32.9 million incurred to date, plus accrued interest at prime plus 2%, for a total of $6.8$9.0 million.

At December 31, 2015,2019, Turquoise Hill owned approximately 9.4%7.9% of the Company'sCompany’s issued and outstanding Common Shares acquired pursuant to theEarn-In Agreement. In addition, Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill'sHill’s majority shareholder, Rio Tinto, owned 11.3%approximately 9.4% of the Company'sCompany’s issued and outstanding Common Shares as at December 31, 2015.

2019.

Execution of Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, Heads of Agreement and Memorandum of Agreement

The Minerals Law of Mongolia, which became effective on August 26, 2006, defines a mineral deposit of strategic importance (a "Strategic Deposit"“Strategic Deposit”) as a mineral resource that may have the potential to impact national security, or the economic and social development of the country, or that is generating or has the potential to generate more than five percent (5%) of Mongolia'sMongolia’s gross domestic product in any given year. Under Resolution No 57 dated July 16, 2009 of the State Great Khural, the Oyu Tolgoi series of deposits were declared to be Strategic Deposits.

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The Minerals Law of Mongolia provides that the State may be an equity participant with any private legal entity, up to a 34% equity interest, in the exploitation of any Strategic Deposit where the quantity and grade of the deposit have been defined by exploration that has not been funded from the State budget. On October 6, 2009, Turquoise Hill, its wholly-owned subsidiary OTLLC, and Rio Tinto signed an investment agreement (the "Oyu“Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement"Agreement”) with the Mongolian Government, which regulates the relationship among the parties and stabilizes the long termlong-term tax, legal, fiscal, regulatory and operating environment to support the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project. The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement specifies that the Government of Mongolia will own 34% of the shares of OTLLC (and by extension, 34% of OTLLC'sOTLLC’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property) through its subsidiary Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC. A shareholders'shareholders’ agreement was concurrently executed to establish the Government'sGovernment’s 34% ownership interest in OTLLC and to govern the relationship among the parties.

On December 8, 2010, Rio Tinto and Turquoise Hill entered into a Heads of Agreement (the "Heads“Heads of Agreement"Agreement”), which provides for the management structure of OTLLC and the project management structure of the Oyu Tolgoi project, among other things. Under the Heads of Agreement, Rio Tinto is entitled to appoint three of the nine directors of OTLLC (with Turquoise Hill appointing three and Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC appointing three (as directed within the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement among the parties (the "Shareholders Agreement"“Shareholders Agreement”) dated June 8, 2011)) and Rio Tinto assumes management of the building and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project, which includes the Heruga and Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

On April 18, 2012, Rio Tinto announced that it had signed a memorandum of agreement (the "MOA"“MOA”) with Turquoise Hill, under which Rio Tinto agrees to support and provide certain elements of a comprehensive funding package that will underpin the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project. In accordance with the MOA, Rio Tinto assumed responsibility for all exploration operations on behalf of OTLLC, including exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Oyu Tolgoi Development and Funding

As reported by Turquoise Hill, overall construction of the first phase of the Oyu Tolgoi project (OTLLC's Southern Oyu(OTLLC’s Oyut open pits)pit) was essentially complete at the end of 2012. First ore was processed through the concentrator on January 2, 2013 and production of the first copper-gold concentrate followed on January 31, 2013. The first shipment of copper concentrate was sent to customers in China on July 9, 2013. On October 14, 2013, Turquoise Hill reported that the concentrator was operating at name-plate capacity of approximately 100,000 tonnes of ore processed per day.

As reported by Turquoise Hill, on April 17, 2013, Rio Tinto signed commitment letters with 15 global banks that locked in pricing and terms for long-term project financing for Oyu Tolgoi. On July 28, 2013, following receipt of notification from the Government of Mongolia that project financing for the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine would require approval by the Mongolian Parliament, Turquoise Hill announced that funding and all work on the underground development of Oyu Tolgoi would be delayed. On August 12, 2013, development of the underground mine, including Lift 1 of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV'sJV’s Hugo North Extension deposit, was suspended. However, Turquoise Hill reported that the Feasibility Study for expansion of the Oyu Tolgoi mine was ongoing. The commitments from the commercial bank consortium formally expired on September 30, 2014.

On March 18, 2015, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC had filed a statutory 2015 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study ("OTFS 2015") with the Mongolian Minerals Council. Turquoise Hill stated that OTFS 2015 is based on the same study as, and is consistent with, the 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Technical Report filed by Turquoise Hill in October 2014. The OTFS 2015 contains two production cases – a Reserve case and a Life of Mine case.
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On May 18, 2015, the Government of Mongolia, OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto signed an Underground Mine Development and Financing Plan (the “Mine Plan”), signalling the firm commitment of the parties to move forward with underground development of the Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold project. The Mine Plan addressing theaddresses certain key outstanding Oyu Tolgoi shareholder issues, including tax matters, a 2% net smelter returns ("NSR")NSR royalty held by Turquoise Hill, the Oyu Tolgoi 5% sales royalty calculation, management services payments and the sourcing of power for Oyu Tolgoi from within Mongolia.Mongolia, providing a pathway forward to the eventual restart of Phase 2 underground development, including Lift 1 of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV’s Hugo North Extension deposit. The Mine Plan states that the principles of a comprehensive financing plan including for the underground stage have been agreed on and include that up to $6 billion of external funding will be raised through third party project financing (including for the underground stage) and other bank finance, productoff-take arrangements or other forms of financing.

On August 27, 2015, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC had filed revised schedules for the OTFS 2015 with the Mongolian Minerals Council, which aligned OTFS 2015 with the Mine Plan. Turquoise Hill also stated that:
·An update to the capital estimate will be completed in parallel with other pre-start activities, ahead of final approval of the Oyu Tolgoi project by the Turquoise Hill, Rio Tinto and OTLLC boards.
·The preferred engineering, procurement and construction management ("EPCM") contractor has been engaged to complete some critical path detailed engineering and the re-estimate.
·Funding for pre-start activities has been approved, including ramp up of the owners and EPCM team, re-estimate activities, detailed engineering and early procurement for plant, equipment and materials that are required for project restart as well as necessary critical works that are key enablers for recommencement of lateral development mining activity.
·The funding covers work scheduled to take place before the official 'notice to proceed' is approved, which is expected in early 2016.
·The intent of pre-start funding is to ensure the project is ramped back into production as soon as possible, while not making contract commitments ahead of completing the full project approval. Lateral mining development is targeted to restart in mid-2016.
On September 14, 2015, Turquoise Hill announced that the Government of Mongolia had signed the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency ("MIGA") for host country approval with respect to guarantees to be issued by MIGA in connection with the Oyu Tolgoi project financing and that the signing was a significant milestone in the project financing timeline.

On December 14, 2015, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC had signed a $4.4 billion project finance facility (with provision for up to $6 billion) provided by a syndicate of international financial institutions and export credit agencies. This was followed by formal ‘notice to proceed’ approval from the boards of Rio Tinto, Turquoise Hill Rio Tinto and OTLLC in May 2016, which was the final requirement for there-start of underground development at the Hugo North Lift 1 block cave, including Lift 1 of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi will continueJV’s Hugo North Extension deposit. OTLLC drew down approximately $4.3 billion of the project finance facility and underground constructionre-commenced in the second half of 2016.

Oyu Tolgoi Project Underground Development

On November 12, 2019, Turquoise Hill provided the following update regarding the Oyu Tolgoi project.

As previously announced by Turquoise Hill on July 15, 2019, improved information with respect to work towards completing OTFS 2015, includingrock mass and geotechnical data modelling has confirmed that there are stability risks associated with components of the updatedOTFS16 mine design. Preliminary estimates indicate that sustainable first production for Turquoise Hill could be delayed by 16 to 30 months compared with the first quarter 2021 estimate in Turquoise Hill’s original feasibility study guidance in 2016, and the development capital estimate and securing all necessary permitsspend for the developmentproject may increase by $1.2 billion to $1.9 billion over the $5.3 billion previously disclosed by Turquoise Hill.

To address these risks, a number of refinements are under review to determine the final mine design, and the first of the key decisions that has been made is to retain amid-access drive only on the apex level of the mine design of Panel 0.

Amid-access drive is essentially a horizontal tunnel that cuts transversely across the mine footprint and allows OTLLC to develop both north and south within the ore body and accelerate the time to first sustainable production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence. Although the ground conditions do not enable OTLLC to incorporate themid-access drive on all three levels of the underground, mine. Once these stepsthe inclusion on the apex level will have a positive impact on OTLLC’s schedule.

This is an integral step towards completing the final mine design, however it is too early to accurately determine the potential impact on the cost or schedule. Decisions on productivity levels and key underground infrastructure, such as the location and design of the ore passes and options for panel sequencing, will need to be completed before an update on the development capital or schedule can be finalized.

Construction of Shaft 2 was completed and the service hoist was successfully commissioned in October 2019. This is a 10 m diameter shaft sunk to approximately 1.3 km below the surface. The shaft uses the world’s largest production hoist motor able to lift 60 tonnes and can carry 300 people in the service hoist. When operating at maximum capacity, the production hoist has the ability to lift 35,000 tonnes of material to the surface daily.

Commissioning of the production hoist continues with over 2,700 tonnes of rock successfully hoisted to surface at the end of the third quarter 2019. OTLLC continues to work with the regulatory agencies to complete the permitting of the production hoist.

The load out conveyor and Shaft 2 integrated materials handling system is fully commissioned. This will enable ore to be conveyed to the concentrator as soon as the production hoist system is commissioned. The Shaft 2 production and logistics capability is a key enabler of increased underground development and construction of critical underground infrastructure such as the Primary Crusher 1 and the material handling systems that support the start of productionramp-up.

Other key infrastructure components completed during the third quarter 2019 include the central heating plant, the Shaft 2 jaw crusher system and the Shaft 2 surface discharge conveyor.

Shaft 3pre-assembly of headframe modules commenced during the third quarter, while Shaft 4 vertical assembly of the sinking stage was completed, along with the commencement of stagefit-out. Primary Crusher 1 civil works are ongoing with the team successfully constructing the 8 m of wall at the underside of the surge bin.

Lateral underground development in the third quarter 2019 accelerated. Extensive focus on productivity gains on the most critical development areas has reaped substantial improvements. Underground development progressed 3.6 total equivalent km and 3.2 lateral km during the third quarter. Between the restart of underground development in May 2016 and the end of the third quarter 2019, 28.0 total equivalent km and 22.1 km of lateral development have been completed.

The following table provides a breakdown of the various components of completed development since project restart:

    
Year 

Total                       Equivalent

Kilometres

 

Lateral                  Development (Kilometres)

 

Mass      Excavation      (000

metres)

    

2016

 1.6 1.5 3.0
    

2017

 6.1 4.8 31.7
    

2018

 10.3 7.9 59.5
    

Q1 2019

 3.2 2.3 21.4
    

Q2 2019

 3.2 2.4 19.3
    

Q3 2019

 3.6 3.2 11.4
    

TOTAL

 28.0 22.1 146.3

Turquoise Hill reported that it expects to have enough liquidity to fund its operations and underground development including progression of a Tavan Tolgoi-based power plant, into the first quarter 2021. Taking into consideration the estimated impacts of recently announced increases to underground development capital, as well as delays to first sustainable production from the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, Turquoise Hill expects to need significant incremental financing to sustain its underground development and construction of a Tavan Tolgoi-based power plant beyond this timeframe. Turquoise Hill and OTLLC have the option to raise additional external financing subject to the boards ofrequired approvals, to assist in funding development going forward, including during underground commissioning and ramp up. Turquoise Hill will have greater clarity on its incremental funding requirement as the Definitive Estimate progresses; however, preliminarily estimates indicate significant incremental financing will be required above the $2.7 billion in liquidity currently available to it. Turquoise Hill has put forward a proposal to Rio Tinto as to how best to source incremental funding necessary to progress underground development over and above its $2.7 billion of available liquidity.

On January 16, 2020, Turquoise Hill noted that productivity improvements resulted in increased underground lateral development rates during the fourth quarter 2019, with an average rate of 1,607 equivalent m compared to 1,214 equivalent m in the third quarter, with December seeing a record 1,809 equivalent m. Construction is progressing on Shafts 3 and 4 with both collars now installed. Final preparations are underway to enable commencement of main sinking operations for both shafts during the second quarter of 2020. Detailed analysis work on the mine design is still anticipated to be completed during the first half of 2020, and the Definitive Estimate, which will include the estimate of cost and schedule for the underground project based on the updated design of Panel 0, is still expected to be delivered in the second half of 2020.

Oyu Tolgoi Power Supply

OTLLC approvingis obliged under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement to secure a formal 'notice to proceed',long-term domestic power source for the full $4.4 billion facility willOyu Tolgoi mine. The PSFA entered into between OTLLC and the Government of Mongolia on December 31, 2018 provides a binding framework and pathway for the construction of a Tavan Tolgoi-based power solution for the Oyu Tolgoi mine by June 30, 2023. The power plant would be drawn downmajority-owned by OTLLC subjectand situated close to satisfactionthe Tavan Tolgoi coal mining district located approximately 150 km from the Oyu Tolgoi mine.

On February 17, 2020, Turquoise Hill announced the submission of a Feasibility Study for the Tavan Tolgoi Power Plant (“TTPP”) project to the Government of Mongolia by OTLLC.

The TTPP Feasibility Study is based on a 300 MW coal fired power plant to be located in Tsogttsetsii soum of Umnugovi province, with a total project cost estimate of up to $924 million, pending consideration of certain conditions precedent typicalamounts yet to be finalized such as government fees, licenses and certain reimbursements per the Tavan Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

OTLLC has made significant progress to develop a cost competitive and optimal solution for TTPP with a financingfully negotiated engineering, procurement and construction contract that is now ready for signature. The current schedule targets two units of this nature.

the TTPP to be operational by June 2024. The existing PSFA specifies target dates for milestones to be achieved through mutual cooperation between OTLLC and the Government of Mongolia, several of which have now passed. In addition,accordance with the terms of the PSFA, OTLLC has given notice and is currently seeking a mutually acceptable alternative basis on January 18, 2016which to proceed with securing long term domestic power supply for Oyu Tolgoi.

Tax Dispute

On February 20, 2020, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC has been unable to reach a resolution of its previously announced dispute with the Mongoian Tax Authority with respect to a tax assessment for 2015, Oyu Tolgoi's second full yearapproximately $155 million relating to an audit on taxes imposed and paid by OTLLC between 2013 and 2015. OTLLC will be proceeding with the initiation of production,a formal international arbitration proceeding in accordance with the mine operated at record levels. Compared to 2014 results, 2015 mined production increased 19.3%, concentrator throughput increased 23.9%, concentrate production increased 39.9%, copper production increased 36.3% and gold production increased 10.9%. Production for Oyu Tolgoi for 2015 was 202,200 tonnes of copper and 653,000 ounces of golddispute resolution provisions in concentrates. Oyu Tolgoi is expected to produce 175,000 to 195,000 tonnes of copper and 210,000 to 260,000 ounces of gold in concentrates for 2016. The majority of 2016 gold production is expected in the first half of the year.

Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and the Mongolian Government
On October 15, 2012, Turquoise Hill announced that it, along with OTLLC and Rio Tinto, had rejected a request from the Mongolia Ministry of Mining to renegotiate the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. This followed re-affirmation byTurquoise Hill remains of the Mongolian Government in October 2011opinion that OTLLC has paid all taxes and charges required to be paid under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, was signed in full compliance with all lawsthe Shareholders Agreement, the Mine Plan and regulations of Mongolia.
In early 2013,Mongolian law.

Mongolian Parliamentary Working Group

As reported by Turquoise Hill, in March 2018, the Speaker of the Mongolian Parliament appointed a Parliamentary Working Group (“Working Group”) that consisted of 13 Members of Parliament to review the implementation of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. The Working Group established fivesub-working groups consisting of representatives from government ministries, agencies, political parties,non-governmental organizations and professors, to help and support the Working Group. The Working Group was initially expected to report to the Parliament before the end of spring session in late June 2018.

On December 13, 2018, OTLLC received a letter from the head of the Working Group confirming that the consolidated report, conclusions and recommendations of the Working Group have been finalized and was ready to be presented to the Parliament.

On March 22, 2019, the Parliamentary press office announced that a number of substantive issuesthe Working Group report had been raised bysubmitted to the GovernmentNational Security Council (President, Prime Minister and Speaker of the Parliament).

Turquoise Hill subsequently reported that a new working group of nine Members of Parliament had been established to take the Working Group report and draft a resolution directing the Cabinet on recommendations related to Oyu Tolgoi. The draft resolution was submitted to the Economic Standing Committee of the Parliament and subsequently passed in a plenary session of the Parliament of Mongolia relatingon November 21, 2019. The resolution was published on December 6, 2019. On December 11, 2019, Turquoise Hill reported that the resolution includes measures to improve the implementation of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and Shareholders'the Shareholders Agreement, includingimprove the Mine Plan and explore and resolve options to have a product sharing arrangement or swap Mongolia’s equity holding of 34% for a special royalty. Turquoise Hill noted that the resolution will serve as the basis of future discussions in relation to the Oyu Tolgoi project developmentproject.

Recent Exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

Rio Tinto undertakes all exploration work on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property on behalf of joint venture manager OTLLC, through various agreements among OTLLC, Rio Tinto and costs, operating budget, project financing, management feesTurquoise Hill. Exploration during 2016 to 2019 on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property has focused on several near-surface targets and governance. On August 12, 2013, developmentprospects on both the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence (Airstrip and Gravity Ridge) and the Javkhlant mining licence (Southeast IP, Mag West, Bumbat Ulaan and Castle Rock) (refer to Figure 1 above).

The Airstrip target is located southwest of the airport and is defined by a gravity high anomaly inCarboniferous-age basalts, west of the north projection of the Oyu Tolgoi underground minetrend. A 2018 dipole-dipole IP survey, comprised of three, east-west oriented lines resulted in strong IP chargeability anomalies (~10mV/V) on Lines 1 and 2 that appear to widen out to the north. On the western edge of Line 2, a weaker (~7mV/V) chargeability anomaly is coincident with an isolated gravity high close to the boundary of granodiorite and basalt. A total of 58 shallow(30-120 m depth) polycrystalline diamond composite holes have been drilled here intersecting various intrusive phases of rock. No significant intervals of sulphide mineralization were encountered, although one hole did intersect 11 m grading 0.14% copper and 0.26 g/t gold from 52 m depth. A scissor hole below this did not intersect any significant mineralization. During 2018, additional alteration and age dating analysis was suspendedcompleted on the drill samples along with surface ground magnetic and gravity surveys and a Tromino survey (to determine the depth of overburden and to apply gravity survey corrections). Drilling was planned for 2018, but none was completed. Seven RC drill holes totaling 1,850.9 m were drilled during 2019. Entrée has not received detailed drill results however a summary report indicates that the holes targeted the IP and gravity anomalies at relatively shallow depths with no significant copper mineralization intersected. It is thought that the source of the IP (chargeability) anomaly was patchy pyrite within the host lithologies, which ranged from trace amounts up to approximately 6%. The rocks intersected by the drilling are Carboniferous-aged units dominated by basalt and basaltic andesite lava intruded by rhyolite and quartz monzonite with weak propylitic alteration. Hole EGRC146 returned 4 metres grading 0.93 g/t gold, 593 ppm copper and 2.8 g/t silver from 152.8 m to 156.8 m depth within basaltic andesite lava.

The Gravity Ridge target is based on a gravity survey that covered the Oyu Tolgoi trend from the Hugo North Extension northwards. The Gravity Ridge target area occurs between known porphyry at the Ulaan Khud prospect and the Airstrip target to the west. Previous consultant studies have identified this as a strong exploration target to test the northward continuation of the Oyu Tolgoi trend of mineralization in areas where it may be concealed beneath thrust plate lithologies or Cretaceous cover. Limited previous work has been completed at Gravity Ridge and OTLLC completed desktop reviews in 2019, as well as an IP geophysical survey. Three east-west oriented lines totaling 25 km were surveyed with IP and the results were pending at the resolutiontime of outstandingthis Annual Report. Entrée is not aware of any drilling that was completed during 2019.

The Southeast IP prospect comprises several clusters of 60 to 511 ppm copper soil anomalies, together covering about 3 km by 3 km, adjacent to a strong gradient array IP (chargeability) anomaly. The source of the IP anomaly was not evident through recentfollow-up reconnaissance work. These anomalies are located over Carboniferous-aged rocks and additional geological mapping and interpretation completed during 2018 (1:5000 scale covering 1,830 ha) infers that a Devonian window of rocks could occur immediately west of the IP anomaly. Further exploration, including drilling was budgeted for this prospect in 2018, however only additional geological mapping was completed. During 2019 additional field mapping was completed around the target area followed by 10 wide-spaced RC drill holes totaling 2,131.8 m. Entrée has not received detailed drill results; however a summary report indicates that the holes targeted the IP anomaly at relatively shallow depths and did not intersect any significant copper mineralization. Hole EJRC0073 did intersect minor malachite (copper-oxide) mineralization within a granodiorite dyke at 148 m depth. According to OTLLC shareholder issues.

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On May 18, 2015, the Governmentamount of Mongolia,pyrite in the rocks intersected by the drilling was not enough to be the source of the IP anomaly, which still remains unexplained. All rocks intersected wereCarboniferous-age and no target Devonian lithologies have been identified to date.

At the Mag West prospect, a previous IP survey revealed a strong chargeability anomaly adjacent to a magnetic high anomaly that OTLLC Turquoise Hillbelieves has not been sufficiently tested. The main geological units are Carboniferous basaltic lapillic tuff and Rio Tinto signedCarboniferous granite. A previous soil sampling survey covering the Mine Planmagnetic and IP anomalies returned a patchy anomaly of Bi+Cu+Mo+Se+Te. Additional geological mapping was also completed (1:5000 scale covering 430 ha). Four target areas have been identified at Mag West based on the previous work. Although drilling was initially proposed for 2018, no holes were drilled. The 2019 exploration program has comprised additional geological work and ground truthing of anomalies, HALO spectral mapping, soil geochemistry reviews, reconnaissance work, and 21 rock chip samples. OTLLC reports that anomalous values of copper and molybdenum were returned from the rock chip sampling, however no details were provided to Entrée with the actual values. OTLLC believes that the rock sampling results support the existing soil survey results, with molybdenum more prevalent in the north, associated with a bleached and silicified lithocap. Seven RC drill holes to a depth of 250 m were budgeted for 2019, however the local communities requested that drilling be deferred so that it did not interfere with areas of winter shelter and sheep grazing. The plan is to drill these holes during the first quarter 2020.

Bumbat Ulaan is an early-stage target focused on a previously mapped lithocap near the western edge of the property. In 2018, the prospect saw additional geological mapping (1:5000 scale over 1,050 ha), along with gravity, IP and magnetic geophysical surveys and soil sampling. The lithocap trends northeast and is characterised by a series ofNE-SW silica dykes with moderate magnetite alteration and hematite stains, hosted within argillic altered rhyodacite. Five separate target areas have been identified based on the geophysical survey results, along with soil survey results and geological mapping/sampling. In 2019 exploration work has comprised HALO spectral mapping, review of soil geochemistry, geophysics (IP) and reconnaissance work. The HALO spectral measurements included 301 samples from the northern end of the target and 114 from the south portion. Results of the samples show the northern area hosts a narrow advanced argillic alteration zone with pyrophyllite-topaz-muscovite-illite and minor dickite assemblages. The advanced argillic zone at the southern part is slightly larger and is dominated by pyrophyllite-alunite-diaspore with strong hematite-goethite staining. OTLLC interprets the mineral occurrences within the two advanced argillic zones to be proximal to a potential heat source. In addition to the HALO sampling, 28 outcrop rock samples were collected at South Bumbat and of these, eight returned anomalous molybdenum values ranging from 11 to 20 ppm. Limited copper values were associated with the advanced argillic areas, potentially due to leaching as a result of the acidic environment. One sample from the periphery of the southern advanced argillic zone returned 0.18% copper, 967 ppm manganese and 457 ppm zinc, and is considered important since an anomalous manganese and zinc halo is quite common distal to a porphyry system with depletion at the center. A total of 33line-km of IP survey were also completed along five, east-west oriented lines. The results of this survey were pending at the time of this Annual Report. Ten RC drill holes to a depth of 250 m were budgeted for 2019, however due to proximity to winter shelters and some holes being within a 50 m buffer zone of cultural heritage sites, the drilling was delayed. All sites are being reviewed to see which are accessible and based on this some are beingre-located. Following this review the plan is to drill in the first quarter 2020.

Castle Rock is a porphyry-style target located about five km southwest of the Heruga deposit. Previous work at Castle Rock had identified this as a priority, near-surface target based on a polymetallic(Mo-As-Sb-Se-Te index) soil anomaly covering an area of about 1.5 km by 2.0 km coincident with a 400 m by 400 m area of outcropping quartz-sericite-illite altered dacite intrusive. In addition, a strong north-trending IP chargeability anomaly is coincident with the zone and two east-west dipole-dipole IP lines further described under "Oyuoutline the anomaly. During 2018 mapping identified scattered outcrops with sheeted and irregular quartz veining hosted within the dacite, along with occasional quartz breccia veins with oxidized sulphides. A gravity survey was completed during 2018, followed by two RC drill holes, EJRC0046 (250 m depth) and EJRC0047 (227 m depth). Both holes intersected Carboniferous-aged rock sequences dominated by andesitic tuff and andesitic to basaltic tuff (lithic and lapilli) with weak to moderate chlorite-epidote (porpylitic) or weak illite-sericite (phyllic) alteration and trace to 6% pyrite mineralization. These sequences were intruded by several fresh, unmineralized porphyritic dacite dykes, and occasional hornblende-biotite andesite dykes. There were no copper bearing minerals or porphyry-style alteration assemblages identified in the RC chips and no significant assay results were returned. According to OTLLC, the near-surface targeted chargeability anomaly has been explained by the abundant pyrite, however the lack of copper mineralization and porphyry alteration downgrades the near-surface exploration potential for this target. The potential for porphyry mineralization at depth remains a lower priority target. No drilling was budgeted for this prospect during 2019.

In addition to the above work the following field work was completed or was scheduled during 2019:

Geological Mapping: Ductile Shear area (west of the Airstrip Target) – 2,603 ha; West Javkhlant area – 4,288 ha

Soil Sampling: Ductile Shear area – 380 samples

Geochronology and Whole Rock Analysis: overall property – 63 samples for Whole Rock and 21 for Geochronology

Rock Chip Sampling: Shivee Tolgoi – 39 samples; Javkhlant – 49 samples

Geophysics: Ground magnetics at West Javkhlant (60% complete); DDIP survey at Javkhlant pending

MIRA 3D Modelling: Mira Geoscience produced a 3D geological model over the entire Project with the following main outcomes:

Advancement of the existing GOCAD Mining Suite project compilation for the Oyu Tolgoi study area

Data compilation for the base of cover, which has been updated and used to cover-correct the gravity data

A 3D fault network model has been constructed comprising of a total 37 faults

Interpretation and modelling of the major formations across the area of interest (intrusives and faulted stratigraphy)

A 3D geological block model was constructed from the various lithological and structural domains

Density and susceptibility variations within the geological domains were determined using geologically constrained inversion techniques

Soil geochemical data was reviewed and analysed, with a view towards vectoring towards mineralisation

Modelling results and other targeting criteria were used to identify potential prospective areas which are to be combined with current target prioritisation work

Soil geochemistry was also reviewed in selected portions of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi DevelopmentJV Property, including Bumbat Ulaan, West Mag (5 areas), West Grid (6 areas) and Funding" above, which providesT1231 (1 area; this target is in the Shivee Tolgoi licence to the east of OTLLC’s Oyu Tolgoi licence). The soil geochemistry interpretation work provided soil anomalies and alteration features based on all products/maps derived from univariate Cu, Mo, Au, Ag, Pb and Zn including Cu/Sc and Cu/Fe normalisation, RGB zonation and chalcophile long multivariate analysis. According to OTLLC, alteration mapping appears to be possible with Oyu Tolgoi soils due to the immature nature of the soil profile with reasonable proportions of lithic fragments. Spatially coherent zones of subtle potassic alteration are evident, along with some soils showing sericite/phyllic characteristics.On-going work includes interpretation of spectral data collected on the soils and lithogeochemistry. Soil anomalies have been prioritised and are being evaluated through ground truthing and rock chip sampling. Priority was placed on anomalies over 2019 drill targets to ensure drill planning was optimised.

Finally, during 2019 augite basalt sampling was completed over mapped Devonian-aged basalt to determine background values and an “immobile element ratio” fingerprint for these rocks to distinguish from Carboniferous augite basalt in sampling and drilling. The sampling will also help determine whether a pathway forwarddistal signature of Javkhlant I & II (Heruga Southwest Prospect) is detectable at surface and thus usable as a targeting approach in addressing outstanding shareholder mattersother areas of mapped seemingly unaltered augite basalt.

The areas to restart underground development.

the north of Hugo North Extension and to the south of Heruga have been under-explored and remain strong targets for future exploration.

Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and Entrée

The contract area defined in the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement includes the Javhlant and Shivee Tolgoi mining licences, including the Shivee West Property, which is 100% owned by Entrée and not currently subject to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. The conversion of the original Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant exploration licences into mining licences was a condition precedent to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement coming into effect. The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences were issued on October 27, 2009, and the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement took legal effect on March 31, 2010.

The Ministry of Mining has advised Entrée that it considers the deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property to be part of the series of Oyu Tolgoi deposits, which were declared to be Strategic Deposits under Resolution No 57 dated July 16, 2009 of the State Great Khural. However, at the time of negotiation of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, Entrée was not made a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, and as such does not have any direct rights or benefits under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

OTLLC agreed, under the terms of theEarn-In Agreement, to use its best efforts to cause Entrée to be brought within the ambit of, made subject to and to be entitled to the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement or a separate stability agreement on substantially similar terms to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. Entrée ishas been engaged in ongoing constructive discussions with stakeholders of the Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Government of Mongolia, OTLLC, Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto, since February 2013. The discussions to date have focussed on issues arising from Entrée'se’s exclusion from the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, including the fact that the Government of Mongolia does not have a full 34% interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property; the fact that the mining licences integral to future underground operations are held by more than one corporate entity; and the fact that Entrée does not benefit from the stability that it would otherwise have if it were a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. In order to receive the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, the Government of Mongolia may require Entrée to agree to certain concessions, including with respect to the ownership of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, Entrée LLC or the economic benefit of Entrée'se’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, or the royalty rates applicable to Entrée'se’s share of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineralization. No agreements have been finalized.

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and the Mongolian Government

In June 2010, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 140, the purpose of which is to authorize the designation of certain land areas for "state“state special needs"needs” within certain defined areas, some of which include or are in proximity to the Oyu Tolgoi project. These state special needs areas are to be used for Khanbogd village development and for infrastructure and plant facilities necessary in order to implement the development and operation of the Oyu Tolgoi project. A portion of the Shivee Tolgoi licence is included in the land area that is subject to Resolution 140.

In June 2011, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 175, the purpose of which is to authorize the designation of certain land areas for "state“state special needs"needs” within certain defined areas in proximity to the Oyu Tolgoi project. These state special needs areas are to be used for infrastructure facilities necessary in order to implement the development and construction of the Oyu Tolgoi project. Portions of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant licences are included in the land area that is subject to Resolution 175.

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It is expected, but not yet formally confirmed by the Government, that to the extent that a consensual access agreement exists or is entered into between OTLLC and an affected licence holder, the application of Resolution 175 to the land area covered by the access agreement will be unnecessary. OTLLC has existing access and surface rights to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to theEarn-In Agreement. If Entrée is unable to reach a consensual arrangement with OTLLC with respect to the Shivee West Property, Entrée'se’s right to use and access a corridor of land included in the state special needs areas for a proposed power line may be adversely affected by the application of Resolution 175. While the Mongolian Government would be responsible for compensating Entrée in accordance with the mandate of Resolution 175, the amount of such compensation is not presently quantifiable.

The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement contains provisions restricting the circumstances under which the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant licences may be expropriated. As a result, Entrée considers that the application of Resolution 140 and Resolution 175 to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property will likely be considered unnecessary.

In March 2014, the Government of Mongolia passed Resolution 81, the purpose of which is to approve the direction of the railway line heading from Ukhaa Khudag deposit located in the territory of Tsogttsetsii soum, Umnugobi aimag, to the port of Gashuunshukhait and to appoint the Minister of Roads and Transportation to develop a detailed engineering layout of the base structure of the railway. On June 18, 2014, Entrée was advised by the Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia ("MRAM"(“MRAM”) that the base structure overlaps with a portion of the Javhlant licence. By Order No. 123 dated June 18, 2014, the Minister of Mining approved the composition of a working group to resolve matters related to the holders of licences through which the railway passes. The Minister of Mining has not yet responded to a request from Entrée to meet to discuss the proposed railway, and no further correspondence from MRAM or the Minister of Mining has been received. It is not yet clear whether the State has the legal right to take a portion of the Javhlant licence, with or without compensation, in order to implement a national railway project, and if it does, whether it will attempt to exercise that right. While the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement contains provisions restricting the circumstances under which the Javhlant licence may be expropriated, there can be no assurances that Resolution 81 will not be applied in a manner that has an adverse impact on Entrée.

On February 27, 2013, notice (the "Notice") was delivered to Entrée by MRAM advising that any transfer, sale or lease of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences is temporarily restricted.  While Entrée was subsequently advised that the temporary transfer restriction on the mining licences will be lifted, it has not received official notification of the lifting of the restriction.

Investment by Rio Tinto in Entrée and Turquoise Hill

In June 2005, following the announcement in May 2005 of the discovery of high grade mineralization at Hugo North Extension, Rio Tinto indirectly took part in a private placement in the Company and became its then largest shareholder.

Following Rio Tinto'sTinto’s investment in the Company in June 2005, Rio Tinto acquired, through a series of transactions, approximately 49% of Turquoise Hill'sHill’s issued and outstanding shares. On January 24, 2012, Rio Tinto announced that it had increased its ownership interest in Turquoise Hill to approximately 51%. At that time, Rio Tinto was deemed to have acquired beneficial ownership over the Common Shares of the Company owned by Turquoise Hill. At December 31, 2015,2019, Rio Tinto directly owned approximately 11.3%9.4% of the Company'sCompany’s issued and outstanding Common Shares. When combined with the Common Shares owned by Turquoise Hill, at December 31, 20152019 and March 13, 2020 Rio Tinto beneficially owned approximately 20.7%17.3% of the Company'sCompany’s issued and outstanding Common Shares.

Legislation

On November 1, 2013, a newan Investment Law came into effect in Mongolia. The new law iswas aimed at reviving foreign investment by easing restrictions on investors (including foreign and domestic) in key sectors such as mining and by providing greater certainty on the taxes they must pay.pay and certain guarantees in relation to their investments in Mongolia. The new law replaces two previous laws, includingInvestment Law stabilizes the tax environment by way of issuing “stabilization certificate(s)” to investors who meet the criteria stated in the law. Within the scope of tax stabilization, the following four taxes will be stabilized: (i) legal entity income tax; (ii) customs duties; (iii) value added tax; and (iv) mineral royalties. The Investment Law also provides for the ability of investors in major projects (requiring more than MNT 500 billion (approximately $181 million) investment) to enter into an investment agreement with the Government of Mongolia, on the Regulation of Foreign Investment in Business Entities Operating in Sectors of Strategic Importance ("SEFIL").  The full impact of the new Investment Law is not yet known.

which can provide additional protections to an investor beyond those covered by a tax stabilization certificate.

On January 16, 2014, the Mongolian Parliament adopted a new State Minerals Policy.Policy until 2025. The main focus of the policy is to establish a stable investment environment; improve the quality of mineral exploration, mining and processing; encourage the use of environmentally friendly and modern technology; and strengthen the competitiveness of the Mongolian mining sector on the international market. The State Minerals Policy is also intended to serve as the basis for amendments to the existing Minerals Law and other laws relating to the mining sector.

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The State Minerals Policy contemplates the establishment of a "Policy Council"“Policy Council” with representatives of the State, investors, professional associations and the public, to make recommendations and support the implementation of the State Minerals Policy. The State Minerals Policy sets out a broad timetable for implementation of its objectives, with legislative reform to be implemented in 2014 and 2015, implementation of the principles of the State Minerals Policy to take place between 2014 and 2025, and assessment of the implementation of the Minerals Policy to occur between 2020 and 2025.

On July 1, 2014, the Mongolian Parliament passed the Law on the Amendments to the Minerals Law which amends the 2006 Minerals Law (the "2014 Amendments"). In addition, the Mongolian Parliament also passed a separate law which repeals the 2010 statute which imposed a moratorium on the granting of new exploration licences and the transfer of existing licences. The 2014 Amendments extend the maximum period for an exploration licence from 9 years to 12 years (although it ended the three year pre-mining period sometimes given to licence holders upon the expiration of their exploration rights), extend the requirement for holders of mining licences to ensure that 90% of their workforce is comprised of Mongolian nationals to the mining licence holder's subcontractors as well, make clearer the roles and responsibilities of government ministries and departments with respect to mineral matters, modify the definition of Strategic Deposit to reflect its impact on the national economy and  not regional economy, and provide for some instances where a tender may not be required to obtain minerals licences where state funding has been used if related to compensation for declaring a special needs area, among other changes.

On February 18, 2015, the Mongolian Parliament adopted the Amendment Law to the Minerals Law of 2006 (the "2015 Amendment"“2015 Amendment”), which permits a licence holder to negotiate with the Government of Mongolia with respect to an exchange of the Government'sGovernment’s 34% (50% in cases where exploration has been funded by the State budget) equity interest in a licence holder with a Strategic Deposit for an additional royalty payable to the Government. The amount of the royalty payment would vary depending on the particulars of the Strategic Deposit but cannot exceed 5 percent. The rate of this royalty payment shall be approved by the Government of Mongolia. The full impact of the 2015 Amendment is not yet known.

On November 10, 2017, the Parliament of Mongolia amended the General Tax Law, the Corporate Income Tax Law, the Personal Income Tax Law, the Minerals Law, the Land Law and the Legal Entities Registration Law, which became effective on January 1, 2018, to introduce the concept of an “ultimate holder” of a legal entity for tax purposes for the first time (collectively, the “2017 Amendments”). Under the 2017 Amendments, any change of an ultimate holder of a legal entity that maintains a minerals licence is deemed to be a sale of the minerals licence and is subject to a 30% corporate income tax on the total income earned. The legal entity holding the minerals licence bears the tax obligation, not the person who earns the income from the transaction. In general, taxable income will be assessed based on the value of the minerals licence,pro-rated to the number or percentage of shares transferred from the ultimate holder. On December 25, 2017, the Ministry of Finance passed Decree No. 380 setting out the methodology to determine the value of a minerals licence, which was annulled by the below mentioned Decree No. 302 dated December 31, 2019.

On March 22, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia substantially revised key tax laws including the General Law on Taxation, the Corporate Income Tax Law, the Value Added Tax Law and the Personal Income Tax Law. The new tax laws came into effect on January 1, 2020. Under the new Corporate Income Tax Law (the “Restated Version”), ring-fencing rules were introduced pursuant to which income and expenses that are incurred for different mining licences must be accounted separately for tax purposes. However, the Restated Version provides that a taxpayer may file consolidated statements if the areas covered by the minerals licences held by such taxpayer lie adjacent to one another or the types of products to be mined from minerals licences are the same. As a result, Entrée is allowed to prepare consolidated profit and loss statements for all income and expenses incurred on the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences. In addition, the Restated Version of the Corporate Income Tax Law reduces the withholding tax on a direct or indirect transfer of a minerals licence (in whole or in part) from 30% on a gross basis (as provided for under the 2017 Amendments) to 10% on the basis of the minerals licence value with certain deductions allowed. For an indirect transfer, the taxable income will be calculated from the valuation of the minerals licence in proportion to the percentage of shares or interests or voting rights sold or transferred by the ultimate holder in relation to the shares of the minerals licence holder. The new tax laws require the Cabinet, Ministry of Finance and certain MembersMongolian Tax Authority to release a number of Parliament have released draft lawsimplementing guidelines. By its Decree No. 302, the Minister of Finance adopted a guideline on December 31, 2019 which includes the methodology to determine the value of a minerals licence and draftregulation on imposing taxes, which is currently in effect. The full impact of the tax reform package is not yet known.

On December 5, 2018, the Minister for Mining and Heavy Industry submitted, on behalf of the Government of Mongolia, proposed amendments to the taxMinerals Law, the Petroleum Law, the Petroleum Product Law and other relevant laws thereto, aimed at regulating the minerals sector in greater detail to eliminate legal duplication and gaps in the related legislation of Mongolia which include provisions relatedand to the taxation of foreign legal entities operating in Mongoliaresolve discrepancies between national and local governments and minerals companies in general.  If certain provisions of these amendments were adopted by Parliament as currently drafted, they could adversely affect Entree's interests.licence holders. It is not possible to determine when, if ever, these amendments would be adopted and in what form.

Agreementsform, or the impact they would have on Entrée’s interests.

On March 22, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia adopted the Law on Amendments to the Minerals Law of 2006, which provides that a minerals licence holder must notify, and register with, the relevant tax authority any ultimate holder changes in accordance with the procedure provided for in the Restated Version of the General Tax Law. Any failure to do so will result in the termination of the minerals licence by the State body.

On November 14, 2019, the Parliament of Mongolia approved a number of constitutional amendments which will take effect on May 25, 2020. Among other things, the amendments clarify the purpose and principles of the use of natural resources. Natural resources would be defined as the public property of the State rather than the property of the State, which emphasizes that the policies on natural resources should be defined by Parliament, the representatives of the people, for the public interest. The constitutional amendments provide the basis to allocate a major part of social and economic benefits from Strategic Deposits to the people through the National Resources Fund, which is newly incorporated in the Constitution. Given the constitutional amendments, the Minister for Mining and Heavy Industry is expected to propose significant amendments to the Minerals Laws. It is not possible to determine when, if ever, these amendments would be adopted and in what form.

Sandstorm

Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement

On February 14, 2013, the Company entered into an Equity Participation and Funding Agreement (the "2013 Agreement"“2013 Agreement”) with Sandstorm Gold Ltd. ("Sandstorm"(“Sandstorm”). Pursuant to the 2013 Agreement, Sandstorm provided aan upfront refundable deposit (the “Deposit”) of $40 million upfront deposit (the "Deposit") to the Company. In return, theThe Company will use future payments that it receives from its mineral property interests to purchase and deliver metal credits to Sandstorm's metal account.


Since the first payments that Entrée receives are expected to come from its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, theSandstorm. The amount of metal credits that the Company is required to purchase and deliver to Sandstorm, and the timing of such deliveries, are determined with reference to Entrée'se’s share of production and receipt of payments from the sale of productionproduct from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.
Upon the delivery of metal credits, Sandstorm will also make the cash payment outlined below. In addition, the 2013 Agreement provides for a partial refund of the Deposit and a pro rata reduction in the number of metal credits deliverable to Sandstorm in the event of a partial expropriation of Entrée’s economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

On February 23, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend the 2013 Agreement, pursuant to which providesthe Company refunded 17% of the Deposit ($6.8 million) (the “Refund”) thereby reducing the Deposit to $33.2 million for a 17% reduction in the metal credits that the Company is required to sell and deliver to Sandstorm under the 2013 Agreement. In return, the Company refunded 17% of the Deposit by payingSandstorm. The Refund was paid with $5.5 million in cash and issuingthe issuance of $1.3 million of Common Shares (thereby reducing the Deposit to $33.2 million).Shares. At closing on March 1, 2016, the parties entered into an Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement dated February 14, 2013, and amended March 1, 2016 (the "Amended“Amended Funding Agreement"Agreement”).

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Under the terms of the Amended Funding Agreement, the Company will purchase and deliver gold, silver and copper credits equivalent to:

·

28.1% of Entrée'se’s share of gold and silver, and 2.1% of Entrée'se’s share of copper, produced from the portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence included in(excluding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property (represented by the shaded upper right portion in Figure 1 above)Shivee West Property); and


·

21.3% of Entrée'se’s share of gold and silver, and 2.1% of Entrée'se’s share of copper, produced from the Javhlant mining licence (represented by the lower hatched portion in Figure 1 above).licence.


Upon the delivery of metal credits, Sandstorm will make a cash payment to the Company equal to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $220 per ounce ("/oz")$220/oz of gold, $5/oz of silver and $0.50 per pound ("/lb")$0.50/lb of copper (subject to inflation adjustments). After approximately 8.6 million ounces of gold, 40.3 million ounces of silver and 9.1 billion pounds of copper have been produced from the entire Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property (as currently defined), the cash payment will be increased to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $500/oz of gold, $10/oz of silver and $1.10/lb of copper (subject to inflation adjustments). To the extent that the prevailing market price is greater than the amount of the cash payment, the difference between the two will be credited against the Deposit (the net amount of the Deposit being the "Unearned Balance"“Unearned Balance”).

This arrangement does not require the delivery of actual metal, and the Company may use revenue from any of its assets to purchase the requisite amount of metal credits.

Under the Amended Funding Agreement, Sandstorm has a right of first refusal, subject to certain exceptions, on future production-based funding agreements. The Amended Funding Agreement also contains other customary terms and conditions, including representations, warranties, covenants and events of default. The initial term of the Amended Funding Agreement is 50 years, subject to successive10-year extensions at the discretion of Sandstorm.

The 2013 Agreement provided for a partial refund of

In addition, the Deposit and a pro rata reduction in the number of metal credits deliverable to Sandstorm in the event of a partial expropriation of Entrée's economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The Amended Funding Agreement provides that the Company will not be required to make any further refund of the Deposit if Entrée'se’s economic interest is reduced by up to and including 17%. If there is a reduction of greater than 17% up to and including 34%, the Amended Funding Agreement provides the Company with greater flexibility and optionality in terms of how the Company willability to refund a corresponding portion of the Deposit including not requiring Entréein cash or Common Shares or any combination of the two at the Company’s election, in which case there would be a further corresponding reduction in deliverable metal credits. If the Company elects to refund cash. Sandstorm with Common Shares, the value of each Common Share will be equal to the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) for the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the 90th day after the reduction in Entrée’s economic interest.

In no case will Sandstorm become a “control person” under the Amended Funding Agreement. In the event an issuance of Common Shares would cause Sandstorm to become a “control person”, the maximum number of Common Shares will be issued, and with respect to the value of the remaining Common Shares, 50% will not be refunded (and there will not be a corresponding reduction in deliverable metal credits) and the remaining 50% will be refunded by the issuance of Common Shares in tranches over time, such that the number of Common Shares that Sandstorm holds does not reach or exceed 20%. All Common Shares will be priced in the context of the market at the time they are issued.

In the event of a full expropriation, the remainder of the Unearned Balance after the foregoing refunds must be returned in cash with interest.

Private Placement
cash.

Securities Held by Sandstorm

On March 1, 2013, Sandstorm purchased 17,857,142 Common Shares of the Company at a price of C$0.56 per Common Share for gross proceeds of approximately C$10 million.  As at December 31, 2015, Sandstorm held approximately 12.2% of the Company's issued and outstanding Common Shares.

On March 1, 2016, the Company issued 5,128,604 Common Shares to Sandstorm at a price of C$0.3496 per Common Share pursuant to the Agreement to Amend described under "Amended“Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –Sandstorm – Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement"Agreement” above. The price was calculated using the volume weighted average priceVWAP of the Company's sharesCompany’s Common Shares on the TSX for the 15 trading days preceding February 23, 2016, the effective date of the Agreement to Amend. Following closing,

On January 11, 2017, Sandstorm acquired 914,634 units of the Company at a price of C$0.41 per unit as part of a largernon-brokered private placement. See “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –Non-Brokered Private Placement” below.

As at December 31, 2019, Sandstorm held 22,985,74636,136,880 Common Shares, or approximately 15.1%20.6% of the Company's issued and outstanding Common Shares of the Company (March 13, 2020 – 37,136,880 Common Shares or ~21.2%), and Replacement Warrants (as defined in “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –Non-Brokered Private Placement” below) to purchase an additional 457,317 Common Shares.

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Under the Amended Funding Agreement, Sandstorm is required to vote its Common Shares of the Company as the Company'sCompany’s Board specifies with respect to any proposed acquisition of the Company, provided the potential acquirer agrees to execute and deliver to Sandstorm a deed of adherence to the Amended Funding Agreement.

Royalty Agreement
Pursuant

Non-Brokered Private Placement

On January 11, 2017, the Company closed the first of two tranches of anon-brokered private placement of units at a price of C$0.41 per unit (the“Non-Brokered Private Placement”). The Company issued 17,309,971 units for gross proceeds of C$7,097,088. A second tranche of 1,219,513 units closed on January 13, 2017 for additional gross proceeds of C$500,000.

Each unit (a “Unit”) consisted of one Common Share of the Company andone-half of one transferable Common Share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitled the holder to acquire one additional Common Share of the Company for a royalty agreement dated February 14, 2013period of five years at a price of C$0.65. No commissions or finders’ fees were payable in connection with theNon-Brokered Private Placement.

As part of the Arrangement, warrantholders of the Company received Mason Resources common share purchase warrants (“Mason Resources Warrants”) which were proportionate to, and reflective of the terms of, their existing warrants of the Company. In exchange for each existing warrant, the holder was issued one replacement Common Share purchase warrant of the Company (a “Replacement Warrant”) and 0.45 of a Mason Resources Warrant. On May 23, 2017, warrantholders of the Company received an aggregate 4,169,119 Mason Resources Warrants each with an exercise price of C$0.23, and an aggregate 9,264,735 Replacement Warrants each with an exercise price of C$0.55. The exercise prices assigned to the Replacement Warrants and the Mason Resources Warrants reflect the allocation of the original exercise price of the existing warrants between Sandstormthe Replacement Warrants and Entrée, Sandstorm purchased a 0.4% NSR royaltythe Mason Resources Warrants issued, based on the future salerelative market value of any metalsMason Resources and minerals derivedthe Company following completion of the Arrangement.

Net proceeds from theNon-Brokered Private Placement were used to support the restructuring of the Company’s business into two well-funded, separate publicly traded companies, for the advancement of Entrée’s core assets in Mongolia, and for general corporate purposes.

Then directors and officers of the Company and their associates acquired an aggregate 1,144,902 Units on the same terms and conditions as other subscribers. Other then insiders of the Company and their associates acquired an aggregate 5.5 million Units, including 914,634 Units acquired by Sandstorm. See “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Sandstorm – Securities Held by Sandstorm” above and “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions – B. Related Party Transactions” below.

Arrangement

On May 9, 2017, the Company completed aspin-out of Entrée’s Ann Mason Project in Nevada and Lordsburg property in New Mexico into a portionnewly incorporated wholly-owned subsidiary, Mason Resources, through a court approved plan of arrangement under Section 288 of the BCBCA. The Company’s shareholders received common shares of Mason Resources in proportion to their shareholdings in the Company by way of a share exchange, pursuant to which each existing Common Share of the Company held as of the effective date of the Arrangement was exchanged for one “new” Common Share of the Company and 0.45 of a common share of Mason Resources. A total of 77,805,786 common shares of Mason Resources were distributed to the Company’s shareholders. There was no change to shareholders’ interests in the Company.

The Company transferred to Mason Resources all of the issued and outstanding shares of Entrée U.S. Holdings Inc., which indirectly held the Ann Mason Project (which includesand the AnnLordsburg property, along with $8.84 million in cash. The result of the Arrangement was two separate and focused, well-capitalized entities, each with a high quality advanced project providing new and existing shareholders with optionality as to investment strategy and risk profile.

Optionholders and warrantholders of the Company received replacement options and Replacement Warrants of the Company and Mason Resources Warrants and Blue Hill deposits) in Nevada.  Consideration foroptions of Mason Resources which were proportionate to, and reflective of the royalty was $5 million.  In addition, Entrée granted to Sandstorm a rightterms of, first refusal intheir original options and warrants of the event Entrée wishes to enter into a future royalty or streaming agreementCompany.

Mason Resources’ common shares commenced trading on the AnnTSX on May 12, 2017 under the symbol “MNR”, and on the OTCQB on November 9, 2017 under the symbol “MSSNF”.

On December 19, 2018, Mason Project.

Resources and Hudbay completed a plan of arrangement under Part 9, Division 5 of the BCBCA whereby Hudbay acquired all the issued and outstanding common shares of Mason Resources it did not already own for C$0.40 per common share. Mason Resources’ shares were delisted from the TSX and removed from the OTCQB, and Mason Resources ceased to be a reporting issuer under applicable Canadian securities laws.

Environmental Compliance

Entrée's

Any current and future exploration and development activities, as well as future mining and processing operations, if warranted, are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations in the countries in which weEntrée and its partners conduct ourtheir activities. These laws and regulations govern the protection of the environment, prospecting, development, production, taxes, labour standards, occupational health, mine safety, toxic substances and other matters. Entrée expects tothat it and its partners will be able to comply with thosethese laws and does not believe that compliance will have a material adverse effect on ourits competitive position. Entrée intends to obtain all licences and permits required by all applicable regulatory agencies in connection with our miningits operations and exploration activities. Entrée intends to maintain standards of compliance consistent with contemporary industry practice.

Ann Mason Project, Nevada
Exploration permits issued by the Federal Bureau of Land Management ("BLM") and Nevada Division of Environmental Protection ("NDEP") are required for all exploration operations that include drilling or result in surface disturbance.  Reclamation bonds remain in place until all reclamation work is complete and the Nevada Bureau of Mining Regulation and Reclamation ("BMRR") of the NDEP has signed off on re-vegetation of drill sites and access roads.
In December 2007, a Plan of Operations (the "PlanOp") and application for a Nevada Reclamation Permit (the "Permit") was submitted by M.I.M. (U.S.A.) Inc. ("MIM") to the NDEP, the BMRR and the BLM.  The PlanOp was revised in March 2009 and covers the area surrounding the Ann Mason deposit.
In conjunction with the PoO submission, MIM retained the BLM and Enviroscientists Inc. of Reno, Nevada to conduct an Environmental Assessment in 2009.  The Environmental Assessment was completed in December 2009.  The "Finding of No Significant Impact and Decision Record" approving the PlanOp is dated January 19, 2010.  The PlanOp allows for exploration activities consisting of drill sites and sump construction, road construction, road maintenance, overland travel, exploration drilling, and bulk sampling for a total of up to 50 acres of surface disturbance over a ten year period.
A phased cash bond, in the amount of $84,132, paid by MIM, was accepted by the Nevada State Office of the BLM on March 2, 2010, for exploration surface disturbance totaling 19.11 acres.  Following the acquisition of MIM by Entrée in June 2010, a Change of Operator form was filed with the BLM.  Effective August 3, 2010, Entrée Gold (US) Inc. ("Entrée US") was approved as operator and added as a co-principal on the bond.
In January 2011, Entrée US submitted an Amendment ("Amendment #1") to the PlanOp and minor modification to the Permit to the BLM and BMRR.  In Amendment #1, an increase in the approved work area is proposed, with no change to the approved surface disturbance of 50 acres, or exploration techniques.  On June 28, 2011, the BLM Sierra Front Field Office approved Amendment #1 and the amount of the financial guarantee for surface disturbance totaling 19.11 acres was increased to $147,568.  To cover the financial guarantee, an additional bond, in the amount of $63,436 and posted by Entrée US in the form of a Certificate of Deposit, was accepted by the Nevada State Office of the BLM on July 5, 2011.
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In late 2013, Entrée US submitted a second Amendment ("Amendment #2") to the PlanOp and minor modification to the Permit for the purpose of drilling up to 16 mineral exploration holes, 10 groundwater monitor wells and one production water well outside of the previously approved PlanOp area. Three additional groundwater monitor wells are proposed within the previously approved PlanOp area.  The NDEP and BLM approved Amendment #2 in early 2014, and an additional reclamation bond in the amount of $31,276 was posted by Entrée US in June 2014.
Entrée US received approval for two minor modifications to Amendment #2 in September 2014 and March 2015.  The September 2014 modification allowed for the drilling of 40 infill Pre-Feasibility holes at Ann Mason.  An additional reclamation bond in the amount of $34,903 was posted and accepted by the Nevada State Office of the BLM. The March 2015 modification allows for the drilling of three additional exploration holes. An additional reclamation bond in the amount of $3,628 was posted on March 9, 2015.
Drill sites, sumps and selected access roads for 22 of the 83 Ann Mason holes completed by Entrée have been re-contoured and seeded.  Four of the six Ann Mason drill sites, sumps and access roads constructed by MIM have been re-contoured and seeded. Drill sites, sumps and selected access roads for 22 of the 41 Blue Hill holes drilled by Entrée have been re-contoured and seeded. All nine of the Blue Hill drill sites, sumps and access roads constructed by MIM have been re-contoured and seeded. Drill sites, sumps and access roads have been constructed for seven additional holes that have either not been drilled or where drilling has not been completed at Ann Mason and Blue Hill. Inspection of completed reclamation work and confirmation of re-vegetation is required prior to release of the bond by the BLM.
To date, a total of 33.4 acres of surface disturbance has occurred or has been approved and bonded through amendments to the PlanOp. Entr��e US is approved to conduct exploration activities for a total of 50 acres of surface disturbance. The remaining 16.6 acres of surface disturbance will be implemented and bonded in subsequent phases.
Two areas within the Ann Mason Project were originally permitted for exploration by Entrée US, through Notices of Intent.  The first permitted area is west and northwest of the PlanOp area.  A cash bond, in the amount of $51,051, paid by Entrée US, was accepted by the Nevada State Office of the BLM on May 3, 2010. The notice allows for a maximum disturbance of five acres.  All surface disturbance related to drilling and access roads for drilling has been re-contoured and re-seeded, and Entrée US has requested a release of the bond.  The second permitted area is located on the unpatented lode mining claims formerly known as the Roulette property.  A notice was submitted by Bronco Creek Exploration Inc. ("Bronco Creek") to the BLM to conduct exploration trenching and drilling and a cash bond, in the amount of $27,113, paid by Bronco Creek and reimbursed by Entrée US, was accepted by the Nevada State Office of the BLM on May 10, 2010.  Entrée US was added as bond co-principal in order to extend the coverage of the bond to include liabilities for operations conducted by Entrée US.  Entrée US amended the proposed drilling program on July 7, 2010 and a revised bond amount of $12,607 was determined on July 8, 2010. A total of $14,506 is available for future amendments. The notice allows for a maximum disturbance of five acres.  This surface disturbance and reclamation bond remains in place pending a future transfer to the Ann Mason PlanOp.
In addition, two areas within the Ann Mason Project were permitted for exploration through notices submitted by MIM prior to the Company's acquisition of MIM.  Notices of Intent for work on the Ludwig and Minnesota targets conducted by MIM remain open pending clearance of the reclamation work by the BLM.  MIM posted reclamation bonds in the amount of $11,017 for Ludwig and $12,100 for Minnesota.  Both bonds are administered through the State of Nevada reclamation bond pool.  Entrée US has completed surface reclamation and re-seeding on both targets and is working to have the completed reclamation work inspected by the BLM and have the bonds released by the Nevada Division of Minerals.
Mongolia

Holders of an exploration or mining licence in Mongolia must comply with environmental protection obligations established in the Environmental Protection Law of Mongolia, Law of Environmental Impact Assessment and the Minerals Law. These obligations include: preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment for exploration and mining proposals; submitting an annual environmental protection plan; posting an annual bond against completion of the protection plan; and submitting an annual environmental report.

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Environmental bonds have been paid to the local governments, Khanbogd and Bayan-Ovoo soums,soums, together equal to approximately $930   and $1,445   respectively.3,049,000 tugriks (approximately $1,104). These bonds cover current environmental liabilities for exploration work undertaken at the Shivee West.West Property. These amounts are refundable to Entrée on request once all environmental work has been completed to the satisfaction of the local soums.soums. Entrée also pays to the local soums annual fees for water, land and road usage.

Development and exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is controlled and managed by Rio Tinto on behalf of OTLLC, which is responsible for all environmental compliance.

Competition

The mineral exploration, development,

Entrée operates in a very competitive industry and production industry is largely unintegrated.  We competecompetes with other exploration companies, lookingmany of which have greater financial resources and technical facilities for the identification, acquisition and development of mineral resource properties and assets, as well as for the resources that can be produced from themrecruitment and in hiring skilled professionals to direct related activities.  While we compete with other exploration companiesretention of qualified employees and consultants.

Specialized Skills and Knowledge

Entrée’s business requires specialized skills and knowledge in the effortareas of geology and engineering, strategic planning, corporate finance, government relations, financial modelling, accounting, compliance, regulatory matters, negotiation and drafting of agreements and corporate governance, among others. To date, Entrée has been able to locate and licence mineral resource properties, we do not compete with them for the removal or sale of mineral products from our properties, norretain such professionals, employees and consultants and believes it will we do so if we should eventually discover the presence of them in quantities sufficientcontinue to make production economically feasible.  Readily available markets exist world-wide for the sale of copper, gold and other mineral products.  Therefore, we will likely be able to sell any copper, golddo so.

Business Cycles

The mining business is subject to mineral price cycles. The marketability of minerals and mineral concentrates is also affected by worldwide economic cycles. If the global economy stalls and commodity prices decline as a result, a continuing period of lower prices could significantly affect the economic potential of Entrée’s current property interests and result in Entrée or mineral products that we are ableits partners determining to identifycease work on, or drop their interests in, some or all of such properties. In addition to commodity price cycles and produce.  Our ability torecessionary periods, activity may also be competitiveaffected by seasonal and irregular weather conditions in the market over the long term is dependent upon our ability to hire qualified people as well as the quality and amount of mineralization discovered, cost of production and proximity to our market.  Due to the large number of companies and variables involved in the mining industry, it is not possible to pinpoint our direct competition.

areas where Entrée has property interests.

Seasonality

Work at the Ann Mason Project in the Yerington District of Nevada can be conducted throughout the year, with only minor stoppages during winter months due to heavy snowfall or unsafe travel conditions when roads are particularly muddy.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and Shivee West areProject is located in the South Gobi region of Mongolia, which has a continental, semi-desert climate. The spring and autumn seasons are cool, summers are hot, and winters are cold. The climatic conditions are such that operations can run throughout the year on a continuous shift basis, with minor disruptions expected.

C.Organizational Structure
We conduct our

Economic Dependence

Entrée is heavily dependent upon the results obtained under agreements, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, for the exploration and extraction of minerals.

Foreign Operations

Entrée’s property interests are all located in foreign countries.

C. Organizational Structure

The Company conducts its business and own ourowns its property interests through the 11four subsidiaries set out in ourthe organizational chart below. All of ourthe Company’s subsidiaries are 100% owned.

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LOGO

*The remaining 0.01% is held by Entrée Resources International Ltd.

**M.I.M. (U.S.A.) Inc. and Entrée Gold (US) Inc. hold the Ann Mason Project claims in Nevada, United States. For details regarding Entrée's interest in the Ann Mason Project, see "Item C. Property, Plants and Equipment – United States – Ann Mason Project" below.
***Entrée LLC holds the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences in Mongolia. A portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence area and all of the Javhlant mining licence area are subject to a joint venture with Oyu Tolgoi LLC. Oyu Tolgoi LLCOTLLC. OTLLC is owned as to 66% by Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd., and as to 34% by the Government of Mongolia (through Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC). See "B.“4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview"Overview” above for additional information.
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D.Property, Plants and Equipment

D. Property, Plants and Equipment

Entrée is a Canadian mineral exploration company based in Vancouver, British Columbia, focused on the worldwide exploration and development of copper, gold and molybdenum prospects.

Entrée is committed to make lease payments totalling $307,762$0.3 million over its two yearthree-year office lease in Vancouver, Canada and two office, three warehouse and four accommodation leases in the United States.

Entrée has interests in two material properties.  The first, the Ann Mason Project in Nevada, is an advanced property which includes the 100% owned Ann Mason copper-molybdenum porphyry deposit, which hosts Measured, Indicated and Inferred mineral resources; the Blue Hill copper oxide deposit, which is located approximately 1.5 kilometres northwest of the Ann Mason deposit and hosts Inferred mineral resources; the Blackjack IP, Blackjack Oxide and Roulette porphyry style targets; and the Minnesota and Shamrock copper skarn targets.
The second material property in which Canada.

Entrée has an interest in one material property, the advanced Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The Entrée/Oyu Toloi Property forms an integral part of the Oyu Tolgoi project in southern Mongolia.

UNITED STATES
Ann Mason Project
The Ann Mason Project, located in the Yerington District of Nevada, is one of Entrée's core assets. With the recent completion of the 2015 PEA, Entrée continues to evaluate the most efficient and effective way of advancing the Ann Mason Project towards Pre-Feasibility. 

ENTRÉE/OYU TOLGOI JV PROJECT, MONGOLIA

In addition,2017, the Company is considering strategic partnerships, joint ventures or other similar arrangements that would facilitate the development of the project.

The project area is currently defined by the mineral rightsengaged Wood to 1,658 unpatented lode claims on public land administered by the BLM, and title to 33 patented lode claims. As shown in Figure 3 below, together, these coverprepare an area of approximately 12,735 hectares ("ha") (31,468 acres). Entrée assembled this package of claims through a combination of staking and a series of transactions undertaken since August 2009, including the acquisition of PacMag Metals Limited ("PacMag").
The Ann Mason Project hosts two known mineral deposits: Ann Mason and Blue Hill. Both are copper-molybdenum porphyries although Blue Hill is predominantly an oxide copper deposit. The project area also includes several early-stage copper porphyry targets located within 12 kilometres of the Ann Mason deposit, including the Blackjack IP, Blackjack Oxide and Roulette targets, as well as several copper skarn targets, including Minnesota and Shamrock. Unless otherwise described below, Entrée has a 100% interest, or an option to acquire a 100% interest, in the claims comprising the Ann Mason Project.
A total of 226 of the unpatented lode claims, to the west and north of the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits, are subject to a mining lease and option to purchase agreement ("MLOPA") with a Nevada limited liability company. The agreement provides for an option to purchase the claims for $500,000, a 3% NSR royalty (which may be bought down to a 1% NSR royalty for $2 million) and annual advance minimum royalty payments of $27,500,independent NI43-101 technical report (the 2018 Technical Report) which commenced in June, 2011 and will continue until the commencement of sustained commercial production. The advance payments will be credited against future NSR royalty payments or the buy down of the royalty.
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In September 2009, Entrée entered into an agreement to acquire an interest in 216 unpatented lode claims formerly known as the Roulette property. Under the terms of the agreement, Entrée may acquire an 80% interest in the claims by: (a) incurring expenditures of $1,000,000, making cash payments of $140,000 and issuing 85,000 Common Shares of the Company (completed); (b) making aggregate advance royalty payments totaling $375,000 between the fifth and tenth anniversaries ($100,000 paid to date); and (c) delivering a bankable feasibility study before the tenth anniversary of the agreement.   
Seventeen of the patented lode claims, which occur outside of the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits, are subject to a 2% NSR royalty in favour of AngloGold Ashanti (Nevada) Corp., and 235 of the unpatented lode claims, including the claims covering the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits, are subject to a 0.4% NSR royalty in favour of Sandstorm.
Separate from the patented and unpatented lode claims comprising the Ann Mason Project, Entrée has an option to purchase 21 unpatented placer claims within the project boundaries, pursuant to an agreement entered into on April 30, 2014.  In consideration of the option and a grant of access over the placer claims for the purpose of locating its own unpatented lode claims, Entrée paid $35,000 and issued 250,000 Common Shares of the Company. Entrée may extend the option period to acquire the placer claims to a maximum of five years, by making additional payments of $35,000 each on the six-month (paid), first (paid), second, third and fourth anniversaries of the effective date of the agreement. Entrée may exercise the option at any time by paying a purchase price of $500,000. All cash option payments made by Entrée will be credited towards the purchase price.
Entrée's exploration work on the Ann Mason Project has primarily been focused on upgrading and expanding the mineral resources of the Ann Mason deposit, outlining new copper-oxide and sulphide mineralization at Blue Hill and identifying and drill testing new copper targets on other areas of the Ann Mason Project.
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Figure 3 - Ann Mason Project Map
In 2014, the Company retained AGP Mining Consultants Inc. ("AGP") and Amec Foster Wheeler Americas Limited ("Amec Foster Wheeler") to update the PEA on the Ann Mason deposit. Similar to the previously reported PEA, the 2015 PEA envisions an open pit and conventional sulphide flotation milling operation.  The 2015 PEA incorporatessummarizes the results of an infill drill program undertaken byupdated reserve case, based only on mineral reserves attributable to the Entrée between August 2014 and late January 2015e/Oyu Tolgoi JV from Lift 1 of the Hugo North Extension underground block cave, and a new resource estimateLOM PEA, which is an alternative development scenario completed at a conceptual level that assesses the inclusion of mineral resources from Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga into an overall mine plan with mineral resources from Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

In 2019, subsequent to completion of the 2018 Technical Report, Rio Tinto advised that more detailed geotechnical information and different ground conditions have required a review of the mine design and the development schedule reflected in OTFS16 and the 2018 Technical Report. A Definitive Estimate is expected to be delivered in the second half of 2020, reflecting the preferred mine design approach and the impact on mineral resources and reserves estimates and overall cost and schedule for the Ann Mason deposit. Approximately 95% ofunderground development. Once OTLLC, Turquoise Hill and Rio Tinto have determined the mineralization constrained withinpreferred mine design approach and delivered the Phase 5 pit is now classified as either MeasuredDefinitive Estimate, the Company will be able to assess the potential net impact, whether positive or Indicated resources withnegative, on Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property production and financial assumptions and outputs from the remaining 5% as Inferred resources. The 2015 PEA also includes preliminary resultstwo alternative cases, the 2018 Reserve Case and the 2018 PEA. Until such time, the Company considers the information set out below of a detailed metallurgical program, designedscientific or technical nature regarding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project to better characterizebe current.

Information set out below of a scientific or technical nature regarding the metallurgical processes and recoveries in the 2015 PEA and to support a future Pre-Feasibility study. While the resource estimate for Blue HillEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project is included in the 2015 PEA technical report, it was not evaluated as part of the 2015 PEA

On September 9, 2015, the Company announced the results of the 2015 PEA on the Ann Mason deposit.  Key resultsderived from the 2015 PEA can be summarized as follows:
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·Base case, pre-tax net present value (using a 7.5% discount rate) ("NPV7.5") of $1,158 million, internal rate of return ("IRR") of 15.8% and payback of 6.4 years, based on long term metal prices of $3.00/lb copper, $11.00/lb molybdenum, $1,200/oz gold and $20/oz silver (the "Base Case").
·Base Case post-tax NPV7.5 of $770 million, IRR of 13.7% and payback of 6.9 years.
·Development capital costs of approximately $1.35 billion, including $103 million contingency.
·Pre-production development of three years.
·Mine production for 21 years, followed by four years of reclamation (Life of Mine or "LOM").
·Average LOM cash costs (net of by-product sales) pre-tax of $1.49/lb copper (see Non-U.S. GAAP Performance Measurement above).
·Average LOM AISC (net of by-product sales) pre-tax of $1.57/lb copper (see Non-U.S. GAAP Performance Measurement above).
·Net average pre-tax undiscounted cash flow over Years 1 to 21 of approximately $298 million per year (and post-tax of $238 million per year).
·LOM payable production of approximately:
o5.1 billion pounds of copper,
o46 million pounds of molybdenum,
o0.4 million ounces of gold, and
o8.8 million ounces of silver.
·Average annual payable production of approximately:
o241 million pounds of copper,
o2.2 million pounds of molybdenum,
o20,000 ounces of gold, and
o421,000 ounces of silver.
·Strip ratio of 2.01:1 waste to mineralized material (including pre-strip).
·LOM average copper recovery of 92%.
·Copper concentrate grading 30% with no penalty elements identified.
The 2015 PEA is preliminary in nature and includes Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the PEA will be realized.  Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
The following information was taken from the 2015 PEA, titled "Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment on the Ann Mason Project, Nevada, U.S.A.",2018 Technical Report with an effective date of September 9, 2015. The 2015 PEA wasJanuary 15, 2018, titled “Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi Joint Venture Project, Mongolia, NI43-101 Technical Report” prepared by AGP andWood Canada Limited (formerly known a Amec Foster Wheeler and a copy is filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.  The 2015 PEA forms the basis forAmericas Limited). Readers are cautioned that the information in this AIFbelow is a summary only. For additional information regarding the Ann Mason Project.  Portions of the information are based on assumptions, qualifications and procedures which are not fully described herein.  Referenceassociated with the scientific and technical information regarding the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, reference should be made to the full text of the 2015 PEA.
2018 Technical Report, which is available for review on EDGAR located at50www.sec.gov

, on SEDAR located atwww.sedar.com, or onwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com.

Introduction

The Project Descriptionconsists of two contiguous mining licences, Shivee Tolgoi (ML 15226A) and Location

Javhlant (ML 15225A), and completely surrounds the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence held by OTLLC. The Ann MasonShivee Tolgoi mining licence hosts the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit, and the Javhlant mining licence hosts the majority of the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit. The Shivee Tolgoi mining licence and Javhlant mining licence are held by Entrée’s wholly-owned Mongolian subsidiary, Entrée LLC.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project is locatedcurrently divided into two contiguous areas, referred to as “properties”. Entrée is in west-central Nevada, approximately 75 kilometres southeast of Reno, 45 kilometres southeast of Carson City (the capital of Nevada), and 7 kilometres west ofjoint venture with OTLLC over the town of Yerington.  The eastern side of the Ann Mason Project is situated within the Yerington Mining District, a historical copper mining district in Lyon County.  The Ann Mason Project is centered at approximately latitude 39°00' N and longitude 119°18' W, within both Douglas and Lyon Counties.

The Ann Mason Project comprises both mineral rights to unpatented claims on public land administered by the BLM, and title to patented claims.  It is necessary for unpatented claim owners or their lessees to perform the following acts annually in order to maintain the claims in good standing:  (1) on or before September 1 (the beginning of the assessment year), the owner/lessee must pay a claim maintenance fee of $155.00 per claim to the State Office of the BLM in which the claim is located; and (2) on or before November 1, the owner/lessee must record an Affidavit and Notice of Intent to Hold in the county in which the claims are situated.  The Affidavit and Notice of Intent to Hold must be accompanied by a fee equal to $10.50 per claim plus a nominal fee for county document recording.  A Notice of Intent to Hold has been recorded with Douglas and Lyon Counties for the 2016 annual assessment year which began at noon on September 1, 2015, and ends at noon on September 1, 2016. The required annual mining claim maintenance fees in the amount of $155.00 per claim and the appropriate recording fees have been paid to the BLM and Lyon and Douglas Counties for the 2016 assessment year.  Title to unpatented mining claims is subject to the paramount title of the United States.
All property taxes payable to Lyon County for the patented claims have been timely paid and are current.
Surface rights to the areas covered by unpatented lode mining claims are vested with the BLM, which regulates surface management.  Entrée owns the surface rights to the Ann Mason Project's 33 patented claims.
Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography
The Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits are located approximately 1.5 kilometres apart in the southeast portion of the project, where topography is mostly rolling mountains, with occasional steep slopesShivee Tolgoi mining licence and wide, open valleys.  Elevations range from roughly 1,400 to 1,940 metres above sea level ("masl").  Access is very good to all parts of the project and work can be completed all year round in a desert environment with hot dry summers and cool winters with occasional snow.
Reno,Javhlant mining licence. This is referred to as the closest major city, has an international airport with daily flights to various international and domestic destinations. Yerington (population 3,100) is the closest city to the project, and can be accessed from Reno along approximately 130 kilometres of paved highway (approximately 1.5 hours).  Yerington has an economy primarily based on agriculture and ranching.  Mining was also significant between the 1950s and early 1980s.  Although Yerington has limited services for an advanced project, basic consumables and accommodations are available there.Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The State of Nevada has a long history of mining and a well-developed mining industry. Most mining supplies and equipment can be sourced from Reno/Sparks, Carson City, or Elko, Nevada.
Northwest Nevada has a well-developed network of paved highways and secondary roads.  Highway 95 links Yerington to the interstate highway system.  The nearest access to the rail network is located at Wabuska, 19 kilometres north of Yerington.  There is a small airport in Yerington with a 1.8 kilometre paved runway but no regularly scheduled flights.  Yerington is connected to the State power grid with power substations located in Weed Heights, adjacent to the former Yerington mine, 3 kilometres east of the project and at Bridge Street. Nevada Energy is working to replace the Weed Heights (Anaconda) and Bridge Street substations with a new substation (Mason) located southwest of the Yerington Mine site.  The existing 25 kilovolt ("kV") transmission line to Smith Valley will be upgraded to a 60 kV line (with capacity of 120 kV) and connected to a new substation in Smith Valley.  The upgraded 60 kV transmission line from the Mason to Smith Valley substations enters Smith Valley approximately 6 kilometres from the proposed Ann Mason plant site.  A 226 megawatt Nevada Energy plant (Fort Churchill) is located near Wabuska, approximately 18 kilometres northeast of the project.
The nearest sources of surface water are Mason Valley, located 7 kilometres east of the project, or the northern part of Smith Valley, located 8 kilometres southwest of Ann Mason.
All water within Nevada belongs to the public and is subject to appropriation for beneficial uses, such as mining. The State Engineer is responsible for administering and enforcing Nevada water law, which includes the appropriation of surface and ground water in the State. Water rights may be acquired by making application to the State Engineer to acquire new water rights, or by leasing or purchasing existing water rights from a third party. Entrée has retained a consultant to examine and make recommendations with respect to the acquisition of water rights for the Ann Mason Project. Water required for exploration drilling is currently purchased from the City of Yerington
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History
The Anaconda Company ("Anaconda") explored the Ann Mason Project area from the 1950s through 1981. Anaconda first drilled the Ann Mason Project in the early 1960s. In 1969 and 1970, approximately 23,775 metres of core drilling delineated a bulk tonnage low-grade copper deposit (Ann Mason). Anaconda's drilling focused on the Ann Mason deposit, but also included other areas encompassing the Blue Hill deposit and the Roulette and Blackjack IP/Oxide exploration targets. Anaconda also completed geophysical surveys and preliminary metallurgical testwork.
Other companies, including Phelps Dodge Corporation, Mount Isa Mines, Lincoln Gold, PacMag and Honey Badger Exploration completed exploration programs over the project between 1995 and 2009, including varying amounts of RC and core drilling.  Table 1 below lists the companies that have completed exploration programs and their involvement:
Table 1 – Ann Mason Project Historical Exploration
Company
Date
Exploration Target/Area
Exploration Work
The Anaconda Company
(after 1977 Atlantic Richfield)
1956–1981
Ann Mason
Geophysics, Drilling, Resource
Blue Hill
Geophysics, Reconnaissance
Mapping, Drilling
Superior Oil
1968
Blue Hill
Geophysics
Iso Nevada Limited
1970-1971
Shamrock
Drilling
Arizona Metals Company
(Arimetco)
1990
Ann Mason
Drilling
Phelps Dodge Corporation
~1995
Blue Hill
Drilling
Mount Isa Mines
2002–2003
Ann Mason
Mapping, Geophysics, Drilling
Giralia Resources NL
2003
Ann Mason
No Exploration Work
Lincoln Gold Corporation
2004–2005
Area approx. 2 km
northwest of Blue Hill
Soil Geochemistry, Drilling
Pacific Magnesium Corporation Ltd.
(PacMag Metals Limited)
2005–2010
Ann Mason
Drilling, Resource, Scoping Study
Ann South
Geophysics
Blue Hill
Drilling
Buckskin
Geophysics
Minnesota
Geophysics, Drilling
Shamrock
Drilling
Honey Badger Exploration Inc.
(formerly Telkwa Gold Corporation)
2007–2009
Broad area west of
Ann Mason and Blue Hill,
incl. Roulette
Airborne Geophysics,
Rock and Soil Geochemistry
Bronco Creek Exploration Inc.
(Eurasian Minerals Inc.)*
2007–2012*
Roulette
No Historical Exploration Work
Note:*Entrée has an option to acquire an 80% interest in 216 unpatented lode claims formerly known as the Roulette property through an option agreement with Bronco Creek, a subsidiary of Eurasian Minerals Inc.
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Geological Setting and Mineralization
The Ann Mason Project area comprises two main mineralized deposits: Ann Mason, a copper-molybdenum porphyry hosted by granodiorite and quartz monzonite; and Blue Hill, a copper oxide and sulphide deposit, located approximately 1.5 kilometres northwest of the Ann Mason deposit.  Several other underexplored copper oxide and sulphide targets are located throughout the Ann Mason Project area.
Regional Geology
Ann Mason is hosted by several phases of the Jurassic-age Yerington batholith, and younger quartz monzonite porphyry dykes (Jqmp-a, Jqmp-b and Jqmp-c). Copper mineralization primarily occurs within a broad zone of main-stage potassic alteration containing chalcopyrite and bornite. An assemblage of chalcopyrite-epidote or chalcopyrite-epidote-quartz mineralization locally overprints main-stage potassic alteration and copper minerlization.
Within the Yerington district, Tertiary volcanic rocks, Mesozoic host rocks and copper-molybdenum porphyry deposits have been rotated 60 degrees to 90 degrees westward by Miocene normal faulting and extension. As a result, mineralized intercepts in vertical drill holes through Ann Mason represent approximately horizontal intervals across the original pre-tilt geometry of the deposit.
Ann Mason Deposit
The Ann Mason deposit has the characteristics of a typical, large copper-molybdenum porphyry system. Projected to the surface, the 0.15% copper envelope covers an area approximately 2.8 kilometres northwest and up to 1.3 kilometres northeast. At depth, this envelope extends more than a kilometre below surface. The mineralization remains open in most directions.
Within the 0.15% copper envelope the highest grades occur within a 200 metre to 800 metre thick, west-plunging zone above and below the intrusive contact between granodiorite (Jgd) and porphyritic quartz monzonite (Jpqm). Within this zone, copper grade is dependent on vein density, sulphide species, frequency and relative age of quartz monzonite porphyry dykes and the mafic content of the granodiorite. Mineralization is closely associated with quartz monzonite porphyry dykes (Jqmp-a, -b and -c). The top of the mineralized envelope is truncated by the Singatse Fault and much of the southwest edge is truncated by the northwest-trending 1A Fault.
Sulphide zoning is that of a typical porphyry copper with an outer pyritic shell, and concentric zones of increasing chalcopyrite and decreasing pyrite progressing inward to a central zone of chalcopyrite-bornite.
Within the northeast, southeast, and southwest quadrants of the deposit chalcopyrite and chalcopyrite-bornite are the primary sulphide domains and are the most dominant in terms of overall deposit tonnage. Little or no overlap occurs between pyrite and bornite or between pyrite and molybdenite. In the northwest quadrant the primary sulphide domain is chalcopyrite ≥ pyrite; a domain that forms thick intervals of >0.3% copper, with only minor bornite present at depth, near the granodiorite-porphyritic quartz monzonite contact.
Chalcopyrite occurs as individual grains in veins and disseminated in rock, as fillings in brecciated pyrite grains, attached to or included in pyrite grains, and attached to or included in bornite.  Bornite occurs as separate grains in veins, and disseminated in rock and attached to chalcopyrite. Sparse chalcocite occurs as replacement rims on chalcopyrite, but more commonly as replacement rims or exsolution replacement of bornite.
Molybdenum occurs as molybdenite in quartz and quartz-chalcopyrite veins and on fracture or shear surfaces as molybdenum paint. Within quartz veins, molybdenite occurs as disseminations, centerline segregations and discontinuous selvages. Molybdenum within a 0.005% molybdenum grade shell occurs largely within the 0.15% copper grade shell. Where late albite alteration has reduced copper grade, molybdenum mineralization is mobilized into fractures and shear zones and extends to greater depth than copper.
Silver ≥0.6 grams per tonne ("g/t") and gold ≥0.06 g/t are closely associated with the occurrence of bornite within the chalcopyrite-bornite sulphide domain.
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Hydrothermal alteration associated with porphyry copper and molybdenum mineralization at Ann Mason is similar to alteration described in many porphyry copper deposits. Voluminous sodic-calcic alteration zones on the flanks of the Yerington district deposits may have been leached of copper and iron, possibly providing those components to mineralizing fluids.
Alteration assemblages include an outer propylitic zone (chlorite±epidote±pyrite), widespread potassic alteration (secondary biotite, secondary biotite+K-feldspar or K-feldspar) associated with main-stage copper-molybdenum mineralization, and more restricted late-stage zones of chlorite±epidote±albite, sodic (albite±chlorite), and sericitic alteration. Molybdenum mineralization is not significantly affected by the late sodic alteration, beyond partial remobilization from veins into nearby fractures and shears.
Two prominent structures form structural boundaries to the Ann Mason mineral resource. The relatively flat Singatse Fault truncates the upper surface of the 0.15% copper envelope over awestern portion of the depositShivee Tolgoi mining licence forms the Shivee West Property, where Entrée currently has a 100% interest. The Shivee West Property is the subject of a License Fees Agreement with OTLLC and juxtaposes sterile Tertiary volcanic rocks on topmay ultimately become part of the mineralized intrusives. Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Entrée’s joint venture partner, OTLLC, is jointly owned by the Mongolian Government and Turquoise Hill. Rio Tinto, which holds the majority interest in Turquoise Hill, is the operator for both the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

The high-angle, northwest-trending, southwest dipping 1A Fault marksHugo North Extension deposit is at the current southwest margin of >0.15% copper mineralization in the deposit, juxtaposing propylitically altered rocks with pyrite mineralization in the hanging wall against potassically-altered rocks with copper-molybdenum mineralization in the footwall. The 1A Fault and other northwest-trending structures offset the intrusive contact between granodiorite (Jgd) and porphyritic quartz monzonite (Jpqm) to successively deeper levels towards the west and southwest. Copper-molybdenum mineralization in the footwallnorth end of the fault remains open at depth along12.4 km long Oyu Tolgoi series of porphyry copper-gold deposits, and the entire strike length of the fault.

Blue Hill Deposit
The Blue HillHeruga deposit is approximately 1.5 kilometres northwest of Ann Masonat the south end (Figures 1 and occurs in a very similar geologic environment, but in a separate fault block. Blue Hill is not included in2 above). OTLLC’s Oyu Tolgoi mining licence contains the 2015 PEA.
Two main styles of porphyry mineralizatin have been identified:
1)near surface, oxideOyut, Hugo North and mixed oxide-sulphide copper mineralization;
2)underlying copper-molybdenum sulphide mineralization.
Both styles of mineralization are hosted by quartz monzonite with lesser amounts of porphyritic quartz monzoniteHugo South deposits, and quartz monzonite porphyry. The low-angle, southeast dipping Blue Hill Fault strikes northeast through the middle of the target, cutting off anorthern portion of the near-surface oxide mineralization. However, oxideHeruga deposit. OTLLC is currently mining the Oyut deposit by open pit methods, and sulphide mineralization continues below the fault tofirst lift (Lift 1) of the southeast.
The oxide zone is exposed on surface and has been traced by drilling as a relatively flat-lying zone covering an area of about 900 metres x 450 metres, and continuing for several hundred metres further to the west in narrow intervals. Significant copper oxides, encountered in both RC and core drill holes extend from surface to an average depth of 124 metres. Oxide copper mineralization consists of malachite, chrysocolla, rare azurite, black copper-manganese oxides, copper sulphates, and copper-bearing limonites. Mineralization occurs primarily on fracture surfaces and in oxidized veins or veinlets. A zone of mixed oxide-sulphide mineralization with minor chalcocite is present below the oxide mineralization to depths of up to 185 metres. The copper oxide zone remains open to the northwest and southeast.
Oxide copper mineralization at Blue Hill is interpretedHugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits are under development to be the result of in-place oxidation of copper sulphides with only minor transport of copper into vugs, fractures, and faults or shear zones. No significant zones of secondary enrichment have been observed.
mined from underground.

The copper-mineralized sulphide zone underlies the southern half of the oxide mineralization and continues to depth towards the southeast, below the Blue Hill Fault. Mineralization consists of varying quantities of pyrite, chalcopyrite, and molybdenite. Local, higher-grade sulphide mineralization commonly occurs within zones of sheeted veins containing chalcopyrite, magnetite and secondary biotite. Significant amounts of disseminated molybdenum mineralization have been observed locally, oftenOyu Tolgoi mining operation is being developed by OTLLC in contact with dykes. To the northwest, below the oxides only a few holes have tested the sulphide potential; however, in this direction the sulphides appear to be increasingly pyritic with only minor amounts of copper.

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Alteration assemblages are similar to Ann Mason except that original zoning is difficult to discern in areas of pervasive oxidation. Within zones of sulphide mineralization, propylitic alteration is more widespread and potassic alteration is more restricted to quartz monzonite porphyry dykes and immediately adjacent rocks of the Yerington batholith. Late stage sodic alteration locally reduces copper grades, similar to what has been observed at Ann Mason.
The sulphide mineralization remains open in several directions, most importantly, to the southeast, towards Ann Mason.
Recent Exploration
Entrée has been actively exploring the Ann Mason Project since late 2009, with a focus on upgrading and expanding the copper-molybdenum resources of the Ann Mason deposit and identifying resources at Blue Hill. Other exploration areas on the project include Blackjack IP, Blackjack Oxide, Roulette, Minnesota and Shamrock.
From April to July 2013, Entrée completed approximately 4,755 metres of core and RC drilling, of which 3,333 metres were drilled in seven holes near Ann Mason and 1,422 metres were drilled in 11 holes at or near Blue Hill. Three of five core holes drilled at the Ann Mason deposit extended copper mineralization 190 metres to 250 metres northwest and northeast of the deposit. The 2013 drilling at Blue Hill successfully located westward extensions of the current deposit; however, to the east, near-surface oxide and mixed mineralization is truncated by the low-angle, southeast dipping Blue Hill Fault. Mineralization continues to the east at depth, below the Blue Hill Fault. Drilling of the underlying Blue Hill sulphide target remains very widely-spaced.
Two shallow, widely-spaced RC holes (totalling 180 metres) were also completed in 2013 about 500 to 900 metres to the west of the Ann Mason deposit. Holes EG-AM-13-038 and 039 encountered minor, narrow intervals of 0.16% to 0.20% oxide copper within strong, quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration. In addition, deepened hole EG-BH-11-031, located approximately one kilometre east of Blue Hill, intersected copper-oxide mineralization averaging  0.28% copper over 13.8 metres from a depth of 22.2 metres.
In the second quarter of 2013, Entrée commenced certain data collection and testwork to begin preparation for the next stage of study and ultimately permit applications. The baseline environmental studies that were undertaken included wildlife, biology, archaeology and cultural surveys and Waters of the United States ("WOUS") delineation. These studies were largely complete in early 2014 except for raptor field surveys, final report writing, and a follow-up WOUS submission to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Wildlife, vegetation and cultural field surveys and reports were complete by late 2014 and no significant obstacles to the development of Ann Mason were identified. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has verbally approved the WOUS report finding of no wetlands subject to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers jurisdiction within the Ann Mason Project area but are now waiting for United States Environmental Protection Agency approval.
On July 16, 2014, the Company announced an approximately $5 million Pre-Feasibility drill program,two phases. Phase 1 was designed to upgradetreat open pit material mined from the mineral resources contained in the Phase 5Oyut pit from Indicated and Inferred to a mix of Measured and Indicated categories. The infill drill program commenced in August 2014 and was completed with concentrator commissioning in late January 2015.  The program comprised 40 core holes, many with RC pre-collars, totaling approximately 19,265 metres.
RC pre-collars were generally restricted to barren, overlying volcanics.  Drilling changed to HQ diameter core which was continually sampled over2013.

Phase 2 metre intervals once mineralized rocksis under construction. It will consist of Lift 1 of the Yerington batholith were encountered or hole conditions dictated the change to core.  Depths of holes ranged from 275 metres to 885 metres, depending on position within the Phase 5 pit, and hole angles varied from -60 to -90 degrees.

Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories (formerly Acme Analytical Laboratories) in Reno and Elko for sample preparation and forwardedHugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits, which will be mined by Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories to their laboratory in Vancouver for analysis. Prepared standards, blanks and duplicates were inserted at the project site to monitor the quality controlpanel caving, a variant of the assay data.  Entrée has a chainblock caving mining method. Phase 2 will include construction of custody programinfrastructure to ensure sample security during all stages of sample collection, cutting, shippingsupport the underground mining operations such as shafts and storage.
55

On January 21, 2015, the Company reported assay results from the first 20 holes with the remaining 20 holes being reported on March 10, 2015.  Highlights include:
·EG-AM-14-041, located near the centre of the deposit, with 390 metres of 0.35% copper.
·EG-AM-14-043, located near the centre of the deposit, with 409 metres of 0.35% copper.
·EG-AM-14-046, the eastern-most drill hole, with 112.3 metres of 0.34% copper.
·EG-AM-14-050, with 176 metres of 0.35% copper.
·EG-AM-14-057, with 327.4 metres of 0.38% copper, including 0.42% copper and 0.12 g/t gold over 200 metres.
·EG-AM-14-059, with 466 metres of 0.31% copper.
·EG-AM-14-065 with 150 metres of 0.38% copper.
·EG-AM-14-067, with 377 metres of 0.32% copper.
·EG-AM-14-073, on the northeast rim of the deposit, with 102 metres of 0.36% copper.
·EG-AM-14-076, immediately northwest of 043, with 190 metres of 0.34% copper and a separate interval of 180 metres of 0.38% copper.
Of the 40 holes drilled, 25 ended in mineralization (copper values greater than the 0.15% copper cut-off).  Lower grade holes tend to be located toward the northern-most border of the Phase 5 pit, in areas where strong mineralization was not expected.  Only one hole, EG-AM-14-049, drilled along the northernmost border of the Phase 5 pit, failed to return any significant results.
Entrée commenced a four-hole, widely-spaced exploration drill program in late January 2015 to test several geophysicalconveyors, and geological targetsmodifications to the westprocess plant such as addition of Ann Masona fifth ball mill, and to the south of Blue Hill.additional roughing and column flotation, and concentrate dewatering and bagging capacity. The program terminated mid-April 2015 and comprised 2,434 metres of combined core and RC drilling. An additional RC pre-collar was completed but not deepened with core. Sample results from the short program included 24 metres of 0.22% copper and 0.053 g/t gold (sulphide)Phase 2 mine plan is at 546 metres in hole EG-AM-15-080 and 9.5 metres of 0.31% copper (mainly chalcocite), 0.334 g/t silver and 0.029 g/t gold at a depth of 24 metres in hole EG-AM-15-081. The area remains open for further systematic testing.
Exploration programs carried out on the Ann Mason Project by Entrée are listed in Table 2 below.
56

Table 2 – Summary of Work Completed on the Ann Mason Project since 2009
Year
Exploration
Description
2015
Drilling
·4 holes totalling 2,061 m (EG-AM-15-079 to -082) and 1 RC precollar at Ann Mason (EG-AM-15-083)
·1 hole at Blue Hill (EG-BH-15-041, 558 m)
Mapping
·Geological mapping at Blue Hill
Petrography
·21 thin sections
2014
Drilling
·40 holes totalling 19,738 m (EG-AM-14-040 to -078; 12-031 deepened) at Ann Mason
Mapping
·Geological mapping over Blackjack IP and west of Blue Hill
Petrography
·114 thin sections
2013
Drilling1
·7 holes totalling 3,333 m at Ann Mason (EG-AM-13-033 to -39)
·9 holes totalling 1,088 m (EG-BH-13-032 to -040) and 2 holes deepened (-10-003 and -11-027; 332 m) at Blue Hill
Geophysics
·IP/Resistivity Survey
Mapping
·Geological mapping Blackjack IP
2012
Drilling1
·5 holes totalling 5,355 m (EG-AM-12-026 to -030) and 2 RC precollars (-31 and -32, 264 m) at Ann Mason
·1 hole totalling  171 m (EG-R-10-005A) and 1 hole deepened 277.68 (-005) at Roulette
·1 hole deepened 723 m at Blue Hill (EG-BH-11-031)
Geochemistry
·Rock and soil sampling program at Ann Mason/Blue Hill, and Blackjack Oxide
·Re-assaying of 13,750 m of Anaconda core from 44 holes (6,142 samples)
Topography
·Digital Elevation Model and 1 m contour interval map covering the Project
Mapping
·Blackjack Oxide Target Mineralization
Petrography
·29 polished thin sections from Ann Mason core samples
2011
Drilling
·22 holes totalling 23,943 m at Ann Mason (EG-AM-11-004 to -025)
·17 holes totalling 4,490 m at Blue Hill (EG-BH-11-015 to -031)
Compilation
·Geological compilation of Anaconda data for Ann Mason and Blue Hill
Geophysics
·NSAMT Survey over Ann Mason: 9 lines covering 15.4 km
2010
Drilling
·3 holes totalling 3,585 m at Ann Mason deposit (EG-AM-10-001 to -003)
·19 holes totalling 4,314 m at Blue Hill (EG-B-10-003 to -007; EG-BH-10-001 to -014)
·6 holes totalling 1,860 m at Roulette EG-R-10-001 to -004, -004A, and -005)
·2 holes totalling 871 m at Blackjack IP Northeast (EG-B-10-001 and -002)
Geophysics
·CRIP survey over Blackjack and Blackjack Northeast: 9 lines covering 43.5 km
·NSAMT survey over Roulette: 1 line covering 3 km
·IP Survey over Ann Mason and Blue Hill: 10 lines covering 52.2 km
Compilation
·Soil geochemistry compilation (PacMag and Telkwa Gold Data), Blue Hill area
·IP/Resistivity and Magnetics compilation (Anaconda, Honey Badger), Project area
2009
Geochemistry
·Soil Geochemistry and soil pH Survey over Roulette
Note:1Drill holes overlapping two calendar years are listed within the year started, along with their total lengths
In April 2015, Entrée commenced a comprehensive metallurgical test program at SGS Minerals Services in Lakefield, Ontario using 1,700 kg of split core and assay reject samples from the Ann Mason deposit.  The testwork was completed in January 2016.  The principal objective of the metallurgical test program was to advance metallurgical understanding of Ann Mason mineralization to aFeasibility level that would support a future Pre-Feasibility study, by selecting a larger, more significant sample set to include various geometallurgical domains and production periods.
57

Drilling, Sampling, Analysis and Data Verification
Entrée completed 137 drill holes totalling 72,963 metres on the Ann Mason Project from June 2, 2010 to April 20, 2015. Drilling programs were carried out on the Ann Mason deposit and periphery, the Blue Hill deposit and periphery, Roulette, and Blackjack IP (Northeast) exploration areas using RC, diamond, or a combination of both types of drilling (see Table 3 below).  All targets were explored for porphyry copper mineralization.
Most of the drilling was carried out on the Ann Mason deposit, and was designed to increase tonnage and confidence in the mineral resources by step-out and infill drilling. A total of 82 drill holes totalling 58,279 metres were completed at the Ann Mason deposit and adjacent areas.
At the Blue Hill deposit and periphery, 31 RC and 15 diamond drill holes totalling 11,505 metres were completed. The drilling programs at Blue Hill were designed to test for shallow copper oxide and deeper sulphide mineralization, to define resources and to test for possible extensions of the known mineralization.
Table 3 – Entrée Drilling Summary 2010 to 2015
 
Exploration Area
 
 
No. of
Holes
 
 
Length
(m)
 
Hole Type
 
 
Ann Mason
 
 
deposit
 
 
77
 
 
 
56,163
 
 
 
76 diamond, including 63 with RC pre-collar; 1 RC hole
 
 
periphery
 
 
5
 
 
 
2,117
 
 
 
3 diamond with RC pre-collar; 2 RC
 
 
Blue Hill
 
 
deposit
 
 
34
 
 
 
7,701
 
 
 
8 diamond, including 3 with RC pre-collar; 26 RC
 
 
periphery
 
 
12
 
 
 
3,804
 
 
 
7 diamond; 5 RC
 
 
Blackjack IP (Northeast)
 
 
2
 
 
 
871
 
 
 
1 diamond with RC pre-collar; 1 RC pre-collar,
 
 
Roulette
 
 
7
 
 
 
2,308
 
 
 
3 diamond with RC pre-collar; 2 diamond daughter holes; 2 RC pre-collar
 
 
Total
 
 
137
 
 
 
72,963
 
  
Drilling conducted by Entrée has been accompanied by a thorough QA/QC program, which currently includes the regular insertion of coarse blanks, core twins, coarse duplicates, pulp duplicates and standards with each batch.  A review of the regular QC data indicates that the copper, molybdenum, gold and silver assays are of acceptable precision and accuracy to be used in mineral resource estimates.
Entrée personnel or contractors have carried out all of Entrée's sampling programs.  Entrée's personnel and contractors follow the core sampling procedure described below:
·Entrée personnel transport the core from the rig in secure covered boxes to Yerington core logging/sampling facility.
·Core is washed and photographed.
·Geotechnical information includes core recovery, RQD and magnetic susceptibility.
·Core logging includes lithology, alteration, mineralization, structure, and veining.
·Sample is in 2 metre intervals unless conforming to contacts of major rock or alteration types.
·All geotechnical, logging, and sampling data is entered into the Fusion (Datamine) database.
·Core is sampled by sawing competent pieces of core in half, or collecting half of the rock in areas of highly broken core; then bagged and sealed. Once logged and split, the core is stored on racks or stacked on pallets in a secure storage facility.
·Assay samples are kept in a secure facility prior to being picked up by the laboratory.
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·Sample shipments are picked up by laboratory personnel. Strict chain of custody procedures are maintained during the transporting of the samples to the labs. Any indication of tampering or discrepancies between samples received and samples shipped would be reported to Entrée by the lab.
·Pulps and coarse rejects are returned to Entrée's Yerington facility, where they are catalogued and stored on site.
Entrée used RC drilling for most of the drilling at Blue Hill. In addition, many of the Ann Mason holes use RC drilling to pre-collar through the sterile overlying volcanic rocks; however, these portions of the holes were not analyzed on a regular basis. Entrée's personnel and contractors follow the RC sampling procedure described below:
·RC samples are collected at the drill; all RC drilling is conducted with air and/or water as the drilling medium.
·Assay samples consist of an approximate quarter-split of all cuttings and water returned from each 5 foot interval, and are collected in an 18" x 24" MicroPor cloth sample bag, resulting in 6 to 10 kilogram samples when dry.
·Assay duplicates are collected at the drill by using approximate 1/8 splits for both the assay sample and duplicate.
·Samples are allowed to drain at the drill site, and are transported to Entrée's secure core and sample facility by Entrée employees each day. Samples are then allowed to air dry in a fenced and locked facility prior to being submitted to the laboratory for analysis.
Samples from Entrée's previous drilling programs have been prepared and analyzed at Skyline Assayers and Laboratories, in Battle Mountain and Sparks, Nevada and Tucson Arizona; at Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories, in Elko and Reno, Nevada and Vancouver, British Columbia; or at ALS Minerals (formerly ALS Chemex), in Sparks, Nevada and Vancouver, British Columbia.  At the completion of the assaying, approximately 5% of the pulps were sent to either Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories in Vancouver, British Columbia, or ALS Minerals, both independent laboratories, for secondary lab check assays.  Entrée's review of the check assay results did not reveal any significant bias between the primary and secondary labs for both copper and molybdenum at Ann Mason.
Samples from the most recent infill drilling program have been prepared at Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories, in Elko and Reno, Nevada and then analyzed at their main laboratory in Vancouver, British Columbia.  At the completion of the current sampling program, approximately 5% of the pulps were sent to ALS Minerals in Vancouver, an independent laboratory, for secondary lab check assays. A review of the check assay results indicate that good between-lab bias was achieved for copper, molybdenum and gold, and reasonable between-lab bias was achieved for silver.
59


    Table 4 summarizes the various independent laboratories and used by Entrée and historical operators over the Ann Mason Project's history.
Table 4 – Summary of Ann Mason Project Prep and Analytical Procedures
Year
Sample
Preparation Facility
Sample
Preparation Procedure
Primary Sample
Assaying Lab
Sample Assaying
Procedures/Elements
Geological QA/QC
Prior 2005
(Various Operators)
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
2005–2006
(Operator - PacMag)
ALS Chemex
Reno, Nevada
Unknown
ALS-Chemex
Vancouver, BC Except Au in Reno, Nevada
·      61 element ICP-AES and MS after 4-acid digestion (MEICP61a)
·      Samples Mo >300 ppm have additional Re and 47 elements ICP analysis  (ME-MS61)
·      Au by fire assay with AAS finish (30 g sample weight) (Av-AA23)
·      SRMs (1/50)
·      External Assay Checks (up to 5%)
2007–2008
(Operator - PacMag)
American Assay Laboratories (AAL)
Reno, Nevada
·      >70% passing -2 mm
·      Riffle splitting
·      1,000 g split pulverized to >85% passing 75 µm
American Assay Laboratories (AAL)
Reno, Nevada
·      61 element ICP-AES and MS after 4-acid digestion (ICP-4a)
·      Cu >1% additional ore-grade Cu analysis
·      Au by fire assay with AAS finish (30 g sample wt) (FA-30)
·      SRMs (1/50)
·      Check assays - 100 pulp samples
·      External assay checks (up to 5%)
2010–Mid 2011
(Operator - Entrée)
ALS Chemex
Reno, Nevada
·      >70% passing -2 mm
·      Riffle splitting
·      250 g split pulverized to >85% passing 75 µm
ALS-Chemex
Vancouver, BC Except Au in Reno, Nevada
·      51 element ICP-AES and ICP-MS after 4-acid digestion (ME-MS51)
·      Ore Grade Cu and Mo: ICP-AAS after 4-acid digestion  (OG-62)
·      Au by fire assay with FA-AAS finish (30 g sample t) (Au-AA21)
·      BH oxide and mixed zones if >0.1% TCu (Cu-AA05)-additional leached Cu analysis
·      Core sampling: SRM 1/30; Blanks 1/30; field duplicates 1/30
·      RC sampling: SRM 1/40; Blanks 1/20; field duplicates 1/20
·      External assay checks 307 core samples and 114 RC samples
Mid 2011–2012
(Operator - Entrée)
Skyline Assayers and Laboratories
Battle Mountain, Nevada
·      75% passing -10 mesh
·      Riffle splitting
·      250-300 g split pulverized to >95% passing ‑150 mesh
Skyline Assayers and Laboratories
Tuscon, Arizona
·      49 element ICP-MS after aqua regia digestion(TE-3); process changed to 4-acid digestion & 24 element ICP-OES (TE-4)
·      Ore Grade Cu and Mo: 4-acid digestion using conventional ICP-OES (CuMo-MEA)
·      Au by fire assay with FA-AAS finish (30 g sample wt) (FA-1)
·      Ag by FA from March 2012 (FA-08)
·      Core sampling: SRM 1/30; Blanks 1/30; field duplicates 1/30
·      RC sampling: SRM 1/40; Blanks 1/20; field duplicates 1/20
·      External assay checks 731 samples
July-August 2013
(Operator - Entrée)
Acme
Elko, Nevada
·      Crush
·      Riffle splitting
·      250 g split pulverized to >80% passing ‑200 mesh
ACME
Vancouver, BC
·      45 element ICP- MS after 4-acid digestion (1EX)
·      Au by fire assay fusion by ICP-ES (30 g sample wt) (FA-330-Au)
·      Oxide Cu samples - additional G801 using 5% H2SO4 leech
·      SRM 1/30; Blanks 1/30; field duplicates 1/30
·      No external checks
2014–2015
(Operator - Entrée)
Acme
Elko or Reno, Nevada
·      Crush
·      Riffle splitting
·      250 g split pulverized to >80% passing ‑200 mesh
ACME
Vancouver, BC
·      45 element ICP- MS after 4-acid digestion (MA-200)
·      Au by fire assay fusion by ICP-ES (30 g sample wt) (FA-330-Au)
·      SRM 1/30; Blanks 1/30; core twin, coarse reject, and pulp duplicates 1/30
·      External assay checks 319 samples


60

In 2012, Entrée initiated a program of re-sampling and assaying approximately 12,413 metres of historical Anaconda core (6,142 samples) from 44 historical drill holes.  This includes additional core from 19 of the 23 drill holes partially re-sampled by PacMag in 2006 and core from 25 complete holes selected by Entrée.  The purpose of the re-assay work was to increase the database of molybdenum, gold and silver assays and provide more uniform coverage throughout the deposit, allowing these by-product elements to be brought into the resource estimates.  The study also validates the copper grades originally reported by Anaconda.  Entree's review indicates a good comparison between Entree's copper assay results and the historical data, with a low bias (1.0%) noted between the two sets of data.
In July 2012, Entrée completed a double data entry validation program to validate historical Anaconda data, originally hand-entered into the drill hole database. Copper values from a random 6% selection (2,162 samples) of assay records related to the Ann Mason Project were re-entered into an Excel spread sheet and compared to copper results reported in the drill hole database. Twelve data errors were identified representing approximately a 0.6% error rate. Most of the errors identified are from poorly documented or illegible entries in the original data, however these types of errors are rare and do not represent a significant percentage of the overall database. The 2014-2015 infill drilling information, including assay, collar, downhole survey and lithology data, were also subjected to a data verification program. Acceptable error rates were achieved.
Dry bulk density measurements were completed by Entrée on drill core at both Ann Mason (4,181 samples) and Blue Hill (411 samples). Entrée tested all the samples in the Yerington core logging facility during 2011 and 2012, using a wax-coated immersion procedure. On January 30, 2012, Entrée submitted to ALS Minerals in Reno, Nevada, a suite of 30 rock samples for independent bulk density checks. The samples tested by ALS Minerals were not the same pieces used by Entrée, due to the residual wax coating remaining on original samples; instead, an adjacent sample from the same lithology and alteration type was used. ALS Minerals used a similar wax immersion technique, and the results showed a reasonable correlation with no significant bias noted between the two sets of results. Entrée completed specific gravity tests on samples in the Yerington core logging facility during the 2013 program and the 2014-2015 infill drilling program using the same wax-coated immersion procedure. ALS Minerals completed additional bulk density measurements as a check of Entrée's on-site measurements at its lab in Reno, Nevada. The results showed a reasonable correlation with no significant bias noted.
Ann Mason deposit data verification was undertaken by Amec Foster Wheeler. Entrée provided Amec Foster Wheeler with files prepared by Entrée, and its consultants' supporting sample collection, preparation and analysis procedures and quality control assessment. Amec Foster Wheeler reviewed the reports and made checks in order to develop an understanding of the mineralization styles and geological controls of the Ann Mason deposit and allow for an assessment of the quality of data. Amec Foster Wheeler completed a site visit in December 2014 and completed the following checks:
·Reviewed drilling, logging, sampling, analysis, and data storage procedures.
·Reviewed geological interpretations on cross sections and plan maps.
·Quick-logged several drill holes and compared with archived drill logs.
·Resurveyed several drill collar northings and eastings with a hand-held GPS and compared with database records.
·Inspected outcrops and compared with surface geology maps.
·Reviewed down hole survey records for unrealistic kinks.
·Reproduced statistics assessing sample assay accuracy and precision for several drill campaigns.
Amec Foster Wheeler concluded the drilling logging and sampling procedures are appropriate for the style of mineralization at Ann Mason, the assay data is reasonably accurate, and the database is reasonably free of errors and is suitable to support estimation of mineral resources. Furthermore, Amec Foster Wheeler is of the opinion that Entrée's sample preparation, security, and analytical procedures applied for the Ann Mason and Blue Hill data meet and in some cases exceed current industry accepted standards. QA/QC procedures applied have resulted in acceptable precision, accuracy, and contamination for the sampling completed by Entrée. Re-assay checks of historical data and database entry checks did not identify any significant biases or database quality issues. The wax-coat water immersion procedure used by Entrée to measure specific gravity is an appropriate method. The selection of samples for specific gravity measurement provides an adequate assessment of the variety of rock types encountered at Ann Mason. Comparison of Entrée's specific gravity results with specific gravity measurements made by independent commercial laboratories did not identify any significant biases.
61

AGP was responsible for Blue Hill drill hole assay database verification. AGP's 2012 site visit entailed brief reviews of the following:
·overview of the geology and exploration history of the project.
·current exploration program on the project.
·infill drill program for resource category conversion.
·visits to drill site and drill hole collars check survey.
·drill rig procedures, including core handling discussion.
·surveying (topography, collar, and downhole deviations).
·sample collection protocols at the core logging facility.
·sample transportation and sample chain of custody and security.
·core recovery.
·QA/QC program (insertion of standards, blanks, duplicates, etc.).
·monitoring of the QA/QC program.
·review of diamond drill core, core logging sheets, and core logging procedures (including commentary on typical lithologies, alteration and mineralization styles, and contact relationships at the various lithological boundaries).
·specific gravity sample collection and determination.
·geological and geotechnical database structure, and all procedures associated with populating the final assay database with information returned from the laboratory.
AGP concluded that the database is reasonably free of errors and is suitable to support estimation of mineral resources.
Mineral Resource Estimates
Ann Mason Deposit
In late 2014, Entrée contracted Amec Foster Wheeler, Vancouver, Canada to prepare an updated mineral resource estimate for the Ann Mason deposit, which was completed in September 2015.
The mineral resource estimate is based on approximately 56,268 metres of Entrée drilling in 78 holes (including 40 recent infill drill holes) and approximately 49,000 metres of historical drilling in 116 holes. The resource database also includes re-assaying of 6,142 samples from 44 historical Anaconda core holes, to allow molybdenum, gold, and silver values to be estimated. At a base case cut-off of 0.20% copper, the deposit is estimated to contain the following mineral resources (see Table 5 below).
62


Table 5 – Mineral Resource Statement for the Ann Mason Deposit based on a 0.20% Copper Cut‑off
 
Classification
 
 
Tonnage
(Mt)
 
 
Grade
 
 
Contained Metal
 
 
Cu (%)
 
 
Mo (%)
 
 
Au (g/t)
 
 
Ag (g/t)
 
 
Cu (Mlb)
 
 
Mo (Mlb)
 
 
Au (Moz)
 
 
Ag (Moz)
 
 
Measured
 
 
412
 
 
0.33
 
 
0.006
 
 
0.03
 
 
0.64
 
 
3,037.6
 
 
58.1
 
 
0.37
 
 
8.46
 
 
Indicated
 
 
988
 
 
0.31
 
 
0.006
 
 
0.03
 
 
0.66
 
 
6,853.3
 
 
128.5
 
 
0.97
 
 
21.00
 
 
Measured and Indicated
 
 
1,400
 
 
0.32
 
 
0.006
 
 
0.03
 
 
0.65
 
 
9,890.9
 
 
186.6
 
 
1.33
 
 
29.46
 
 
Inferred
 
 
623
 
 
0.29
 
 
0.007
 
 
0.03
 
 
0.66
 
 
3,987.2
 
 
96.2
 
 
0.58
 
 
13.16
 
Notes: Effective Date 9 September 2015.  1. Mineral resources are reported within constraining pit shell developed using Whittle™ software. Assumptions include metal prices of $3.74/lb for copper, $13.23/lb for molybdenum, $1,495/oz for gold, and $23.58/oz for silver, process recoveries of 92% for copper, 50% for molybdenum, 50% for gold, and 55% for silver, mining cost of $1.09/t + $0.02/bench below 1605 metres, $5.82/t for processing, and $0.30/t for G&A.  2. Assumptions include 100% mining recovery.  3. An external dilution factor was not considered during this mineral resource estimation.  4. Internal dilution within a 20 metre x 20 metre x 15 metre selective mining unit was considered.  5. The 0.4% NSR royalty held by Sandstorm was not considered during the preparation of the constraining pit.
Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
The mineral resource estimates presented above have been calculated in accordance with NI 43-101 as required by the Canadian securities regulatory authorities, which differ from the standards of the SEC. The resource estimates contained in this discussion would not be permitted in reports of U.S. companies filed with the SEC. See "Cautionary Note to United States Investors Regarding Mineral Reserve and Resource Estimates".
The mineral resource estimate was prepared by Amec Foster Wheeler in accordance with the May 2014 CIM Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves. Geological interpretation completed by Entrée geologists was used as the basis for a three dimensional model created by Amec Foster Wheeler using Leapfrog™ geological modelling software. Three lithological units were modelled as well as three significant faults. Analysis of assay data within the lithological models demonstrated no significant lithological control over the grade distribution. A 0.15% grade shell was used as the primary control for the interpolation of copper. Two of the three modeled faults constrain portions of the 0.15% copper grade shell.
A block model was constructed in Vulcan™ software with block dimensions of 20 metres × 20 metres x 15 metres high. Copper, gold, silver, and molybdenum grades were interpolated into the blocks by ordinary kriging in three passes. Blocks were classified based on a combination of factors including the number of holes used for each block and the distance to the nearest composites. Validation of the estimated block model revealed no significant global or local grade biases.
Outlier analysis was completed on the copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver composites. Capping thresholds with the 0.15% grade shell are as follows: copper, 0.6%; molybdenum, 0.09%; gold, 0.27 g/t; silver, 4.6 g/t. Outlier restrictions were also applied to copper values outside of the 0.15% grade shell.
To assess reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction, the Whittle™ pit optimiser software was utilized to prepare a conceptual pit design, constrained within property boundaries, with inputs on mining, processing, G&A, transportation and smelting and refining.  Amec Foster Wheeler assumed that the Ann Mason deposit would be mined utilizing open pit mining methods under a conceptual scenario of 100,000 tonnes per day ("t/d") and using conventional flotation recovery methods to produce 27% copper concentrates and 55% molybdenum concentrates.
63

The conceptual pit also used the following assumptions:
·Metal prices of: $3.74/lb copper, $13.23/lb molybdenum, $1,495/oz gold and $23.58/oz silver.
·Metallurgical recovery assumptions of 92% for copper, 50% for molybdenum, 50% for gold and 55% for silver.
·Operating costs of $1.09/t for mining (plus $0.02/bench below 1,605 metres); $5.82/t for processing; and $0.30/t for G&A.
·Smelting, refining and transportation costs per tonne copper concentrate of $65.00, $0.065 and $90.00, respectively.
·Pit slopes of 52 degrees in the overlying volcanics and 44 degrees in the porphyry units.
·Mineral resources were tabulated within the pit at a cut-off grade of 0.20% copper.
The metal price assumptions used to develop the constraining pit shell are more optimistic than those used in the economic analysis of the 2015 PEA.  The objective is to develop a constraining pit such that the mineral resources used in the 2015 PEA are a subset of the total mineral resources.  Amec Foster Wheeler is of the opinion that the economic and technical assumptions are reasonable.
Blue Hill Deposit
The Blue Hill mineral resource estimate remains the same as the estimate published in the previous PEA. Mineral resources at Blue Hill were estimated by AGP. The estimate is based on copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver drill hole sample grades collected from a mix of core and RC drill holes.  The resource is reported within a Lerchs Grossmann ("LG") pit shell, generated by AGP, and is based on Entrée's drilling of 30 RC and core holes totaling approximately 6,822 metres. In addition, the estimate incorporates approximately 2,381 metres of RC drilling (7 holes) and 1,057 metres of core drilling (2 holes) completed by PacMag, and 10 historic Anaconda RC and core holes totaling approximately 2,927 metres.
A total of 10 holes drilled in 2013 and 2015 were subsequently added to the database. Four of those holes were located in close proximity to the Blue Hill mineral resource but were considered not material to the overall Ann Mason Project.  Therefore, the Blue Hill mineral resource estimate was not updated and remains the same as in the previous PEA.
The key parameters of the estimate are as follows:
·Domains were modelled in 3D to separate oxide, mixed, and primary mineralization from surrounding waste rock.  The domains were modelled to a nominal 0.075% copper cut-off.
·High-grade outliers in the drill hole assay database were capped to 0.75% for copper, 0.03 g/t for gold, and 2 g/t for silver prior to compositing.  No capping was applied to molybdenum.
·Drill hole assays were composited to five metre lengths interrupted by the overall mineralization boundary.
·Block grades for copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver were estimated from the drill hole composites using inverse distance weighted to the second power ("ID2") into 40 x 40 x 15 metre blocks coded by domain.  Molybdenum, gold, and silver were estimated for sulphide blocks only.
·Dry bulk density was estimated globally for each domain from drill core samples collected throughout the deposit.  The oxide and mixed zones were assigned a density of 2.57 tonnes per cubic metre ("t/m3") and the sulphide zone was assigned 2.62 t/m3.
·All blocks were classified as Inferred mineral resources in accordance to CIM definitions.
Mineral resources were reported within an LG pit shell, generated by AGP, above a copper cut-off of 0.10% for the oxide and mixed zones and 0.15% for the sulphide zone.
64

The general parameters of the LG pit are as follows:
·average gross metal values of:
o$3.32/lb copper for oxide and mixed material, and
o$3.16/lb copper, $12.12/lb molybdenum, $1,057/oz gold, and $13.58/oz silver for sulphide material.
·metallurgical recoveries of:
o81.7% leachable oxide copper,
o75% for mixed material, and
o92% copper, 50% molybdenum, 50% gold and 55% silver for sulphide material.
·mining costs:
ooxide and mixed feed material - $1.30/t,
osulphide feed material - $1.13/t, and
oall waste costs - $1.13/t.
·process and G&A costs of:
o$5.06/t for oxide and mixed material, and
o$6.22/t for sulphide material.
·pit slopes of 40 degrees in both the overlying volcanic and in the mineralized granodiorite.
Pit-constrained resources are reported separately for oxide, mixed and sulphide copper mineralization.   The Blue Hill resource is currently 72.13 million tonnes ("Mt") grading 0.17% copper in the oxide and mixed zones and 49.86 Mt grading 0.23% copper in the sulphide material (Table 6).  Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
Table 6 – Blue Hill Inferred Mineral Resource (Effective Date July 31, 2012)
 
Zone
 
 
Cu Cut-off
(%)
 
 
Tonnes
(Mt)
 
 
Grade
Cu (%)
 
 
Contained Cu
(Mlb)
 
 
Mo
(%)
 
 
Au
(g/t)
 
 
Ag
(g/t)
 
 
Oxide Zone
 
 
0.10
 
 
47.44
 
 
0.17
 
 
179.37
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
Mixed Zone
 
 
0.10
 
 
24.69
 
 
0.18
 
 
98.12
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
Oxide + Mixed Zones
 
 
0.10
 
 
72.13
 
 
0.17
 
 
277.49
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
Sulphide Zone
 
 
0.15
 
 
49.86
 
 
0.23
 
 
253.46
 
 
0.005
 
 
0.01
 
 
0.3
 
Notes:1. Mineral resources are classified in accordance with the 2014 CIM Definition Standards for mineral resources and mineral reserves. 2. Mineral resources do not include external dilution, nor was the tabulationonly. The evaluation of contained metal adjusted to reflect metallurgical recoveries. 3. Tonnages are rounded to the nearest 10,000 tonnes, and grades are rounded to two decimal places. 4. Rounding as required by reporting guidelines may result in apparent summation differences between tonnes, grade, and contained metal content. 5. Material quantities and grades are expressed in metric units, and contained metal in imperial units.
Geotechnical
The Company retained a third party engineering firm, in association with AGP, to undertake a geotechnical review of the proposed Ann Mason open pit.  To accomplish this, the firm completed a site visit in February/March 2012.  During the site visit, rock mass characterization was completed by reviewing available core, visiting the Yerington pit, located on an adjacent property owned by Singatse Peak Services LLC, and by examining the Ann Mason site with Entrée personnel.
The drill core that was reviewed from the Ann Mason deposit was primarily located in the area of mineralization; no drill core was available in the area of the proposed pit slopes.  In addition, much of the drill core reviewed had been cut and sampled for assays.  Drill core was HQ diameter and recovered with the "double tube" method, typical of exploration geology drilling.  This method is adequate for geology logging and assay; however, the core can be disturbed and broken by the drilling process.  As such, rock quality designations ("RQD") logged by Entrée as part of their basic data collection may under-represent the in-situ quality of rock mass due to this disturbance.  The engineering firm supplemented Entrée's data with observations of rock strength, fracture spacing, longest stick, and joint conditions for the sections of core reviewed.
65

Geotechnical data relevant to the open pit slopes is limited at this stage of study, typical of most mine development projects at the PEA stage.  AGP concluded that Entrée's work on the geology of the site appears to be of good quality and its development of a fault model at this stage of study is commendable.  The major data limitation identified in the review is a lack of geotechnical drilling information outside of the mineralized zone or proposed wall slopes.  Geotechnical data in the area of the proposed pit slopes will be needed for future geotechnical evaluations.
The rock mass of the Ann Mason deposit was divided into three main geotechnical units:
·Tertiary volcanics (Domain I).
·Granodiorite of the Yerington batholiths (Domain II).
·Quartz monzonite porphyry of the Yerington batholiths (Domain II).
The overlying volcanics have limited the weathering of the underlying granodiorites and monzonites.
Bedding is the main geological structure observed in the volcanic rocks of the Ann Mason deposit.  The bedding dips on average at 62° to the west.  This west dip of the bedding is a result of the regional tilting due to the rotation of normal faulting.  The main faults of the Ann Mason deposit are the Singatse Fault, the Montana Yerington Fault (1.5 kilometres east of pit), and several possible southeast-striking normal faults.
Pit slope configurations were provided to AGP by the third party engineering firm for pit design work.  This included overall slope angle, inter-ramp angle by domain, bench height, safety bench spacing, and width and bench face angles.  The maximum inter-ramp height is limited at this stage of study to 150 metres in the Ann Mason deposit.  Each 150 metres, an extra width "geotechnical berm" is to be applied which has a width of 32 metres.
The pit slope design indicated the following:
·Volcanics (Domain I)
ointer-ramp angle = 52 degrees,
obench face angle = 67 degrees,
oheight between safety benches = 30 metres (double benched), and
owidth of safety bench = 11 metres.
·Porphyry (Domain II)
ointer-ramp angle = 39 degrees,
obench face angle = 63 degrees,
oheight between safety benches = 15 metres (single benched), and
owidth of safety bench = 11 metres.
These have been incorporated in the current design.
The engineering firm recommends the following:
·Future geotechnical studies should focus on geotechnical specific drill holes targeting the proposed wall rocks of the pit.  A minimum of four inclined holes should be completed each of which may be up to 800 metres long.  All holes should be "triple tube" coring system holes with splits in the core tube.  HQ3 diameter core is preferred.
·Due to poorer rock mass quality throughout the deposit, all geotechnical holes should be surveyed with a borehole televiewer system.
·The hydrogeological system needs to be investigated going forward in the next study.  Geotechnical mapping needs to be completed as well.
·Future geologic models should include interpretations of the main rock types, alteration zones, depth of weathered zones and major geological structures.
66

Mining
Ann Mason is envisioned as a large-scale conventional open pit mine, involving the development of a single pit with five pit phases. The mine life consists of a three-year pre-production period, followed by a 21-year production life, feeding the mill at a rate of 120,000 t/d. An increased mill throughput of 120,000 t/d (versus the previous PEA's 100,000 t/d) allows better utilization of the lower grade mill feed resulting in a more logical mining sequence and better mine fleet capital utilization.
Mining will use conventional rotary drilling, blasting, and loading with large 56 m3 cable shovels and 360-tonne trucks working on 15 metre benches.
The total mill throughput in the 2015 PEA mine plan is estimated to be 835 Mt at 0.30% copper, 0.005% molybdenum, 0.03 g/t gold and 0.59 g/t silver of Measured and Indicated material, and 42 Mt at 0.27% copper, 0.005% molybdenum, 0.03 g/t gold and 0.58 g/t silver of Inferred material. To capture the value of the multi metals, a net value per tonne was estimated for each block for LG shell generation and cut-off application. The net value per tonne incorporates grade and recovery data for the four payable metals (copper, molybdenum, gold, and silver), smelter terms and downstream costs. The net value cut-off used for mine planning approximates a 0.145% copper-only cut-off.
The mine plan targeted a 20 to 25 year mine life and as such represents a near surface, relatively low strip ratio, subset of the updated mineral resources. Some material previously categorized as waste has now been upgraded to mill feed, as a result of the recent drilling and the new resource model. The LOM waste to mill feed strip ratio is now 2.01:1 (including pre-strip) compared to 2.16:1 in the previous PEA. Pit slopes are variable depending on the geotechnical parameters of the rock types and range from 50 degrees in the overlying volcanic rocks, to 37 degrees in rocks that host the porphyry mineralization.
The high ratio of Measured plus Indicated to Inferred material in the mine plan emphasizes the high confidence of the resource base used for the 2015 PEA and limits the amount of additional drilling required prior to proceeding to a Pre-Feasibility level. The relative quantities of each classification by pit phase are shown in Table 7 below.
Table 7 – DCF Tonnes and Grade by Phase and Category
 
Phase
 
 
Measured
(%)
 
 
Indicated
(%)
 
 
Inferred
(%)
 
 
1
 
 
94.9
 
 
4.9
 
 
0.2
 
 
2
 
 
73.4
 
 
24.0
 
 
2.6
 
 
3
 
 
40.5
 
 
52.7
 
 
6.8
 
 
4
 
 
40.6
 
 
55.9
 
 
3.5
 
 
5
 
 
23.9
 
 
66.7
 
 
9.4
 
 
Total
 
 
43.9
 
 
51.3
 
 
4.9
 
Operating costs for the open pit are expected to average $1.50/t total material over the LOM or $4.13/t of mill feed. At the peak of material movement in YearsHugo North Extension Lift 1 to 7, the major equipment fleet is expected to consist of seven 311 millimetre drills, two 41 m3 front-end loaders, four 58 m3 electric cable shovels and forty 360-tonne trucks. A typical fleet of support equipment (track dozers, rubber tired dozers, graders) are utilized to assist development and maintenance of the mining operation.
Pre-stripping operations will begin in Year -3 and by Year 1, 9.6 Mt of mill feed will have been stockpiled in preparation for the mill start up. This stockpile will be rehandled to the mill in Year 1. For Year 1, a plant capacity of 88,000 t/d or 32 million tonnes per annum ("Mt/a") was used to allow for ramp up. Subsequent years will be at the nominal capacity of 120,000 t/d or 43 Mt/a.
Waste material will be placed to the southwest of the Ann Mason pit in a waste rock management facility ("WRMF"). For the 2015 PEA, waste materials have been assumed to be non-acid generating based upon a review of sulphur present in the deposit. This assumption will need to be confirmed in subsequent levels of study beyond the 2015 PEA. Material in the pre-stripping phase will also be directed to two of the tailings dams to reduce quarrying costs during construction.
Reclamation of the WRMF will be concurrent with mining. The final height of this facility will be at elevation 1680 for an overall maximum height of 210 metres.
67

Metallurgy and Process
Ann Mason Deposit
Metallurgical testwork was conducted in 2011 and 2012 at Metcon Research in Tucson, Arizona and a comprehensive metallurgical test program was completed more recently at SGS Minerals Services in Lakefield, Ontario (the "2015 Met Program"). The 2015 Met Program used 1,700 kilograms of split core and assay reject samples from the Ann Mason deposit. Work was initiated in April, 2015 with final results completed in January 2016.  The 2015 Met Program has advanced the metallurgical understanding of Ann Mason mineralization to a level that will support a future Pre-Feasibility study, by selecting a larger, more significant sample set to include various geometallurgical domains and production periods.  In addition, the work further supports the process concept that the Ann Mason mineralized material is amenable to concentration by conventional grinding and froth flotation.
The 2015 Met Program scope included a comprehensive grindability study, including JK drop-weight testing, which provided input parameters for process modelling of the SAG/ball mill circuit. Downstream flowsheet optimization consisted of locked cycle flotation testing, a liquid/solid separation study for tailings and concentrate, and final product characterisation.
Results from the SGS locked cycle tests on the domain composites show very similar metal recoveries as those used in the previous PEA; however, the recent flotation testwork has shown that a coarser grind size (P80 155 µm) than used in the previous PEA (P80 120 µm) can be used with a minor impact on average copper recovery. This has significantly improved the process operating costs by lowering power requirements, as well as decreasing the consumption of grinding media and liners in the ball mill. Further reduction in operating costs has also been achieved through simplification of the reagent scheme.
In addition, grindability work has confirmed that the feed material is of moderate hardness, with average Bond Rod Work Index and Bond Ball Work Index values of 15.6 kilowatt-hours per tonne ("kWh/t") and 15.5 kWh/t, respectively.
Locked cycle flotation testing has demonstrated that a simple flotation flow sheet with moderate grinds, three stages of cleaning, and low reagent additions is able to generate a saleable copper concentrate, with no penalty elements identified.
The main conclusions of the 2015 Met Program are as follows:
·Grindability testing, consisting of Bond Ball Work Index, Bond Rod Work Index, Abrasion Index, SAG Mill Competency, Crushing Work Index, and JK Drop-Weight testing was conducted on selected composites from the program. Results indicated that samples from the deposit are medium to hard when compared with database averages. The variability of results appears moderate and no unusually competent domains or zones of the deposit were identified in the samples tested. The results provide a basis for modeling and design of the comminution circuit.
·Initial compositing of gypsum and non-gypsum rejects from the chalcopyrite domain indicated that the presence of gypsum did not have any effect on copper recovery by flotation. Similarly, concentrate grade was found to be more influenced by pyrite content rather than gypsum. The grindability program showed the gypsum sample to be slightly more competent than other samples within the test set.
·Flotation flowsheet development was carried out on the domain composites, primarily chalcopyrite. From the baseline conditions established in 2012, the current program improved the flowsheet in two key areas:
ocoarsening of the primary grind, from a P80 of 120µm to 155 µm, and
osimplifying the reagent suite, including elimination of specialty Cytec collector MX-3045. The number of cleaner stages was increased to three, and a small amount of CMC was added to the cleaners to control slimes.
·In total, five locked cycle tests were carried out, two each on the chalcopyrite and pyrite composites, and one on the bornite composite. All tests achieved excellent mass and metal accountability, as well as good stability in the last four stages. An average metallurgical projection was generated based on the results of the locked cycle work.
·Production composites from the periods Year 1-3 and Year 4-9 were subjected to rougher and cleaner batch flotation tests. The results were comparable to the domain composites, but slightly elevated levels of oxide copper were detected in the Year 1-3 composite.
68

·Variability testing consisted of 11 separate composites representing different spatial zones, as well as lithological and grade differences. Grindability testing of six of the variability composites displayed a relatively tight distribution of results, with Bond Ball Work Index values ranging from 15.2 to 17.5 kWh/t. Flotation tests were conducted on 10 of the variability composites and indicated that copper grade and pyrite content were the most important indicators of copper recovery and final concentrate grade, as observed in the test work on the domain and production composites.
·Test work aimed at developing the copper-molybdenum separation circuit has not yet achieved the target final concentrate molybdenum grade of 50% molybdenum. The work was successful at achieving high open circuit molybdenum recovery in both the rougher and cleaner stages, as well as demonstrating excellent rejection of copper to the combined tailings. Excess slimes flotation in the bulk cleaners is believed to be the result of overgrinding of the bulk rougher concentrate as part of the copper cleaning stage. Some graphitic carbon was identified in the final molybdenum concentrate produced in this program, but it is not expected to be a significant impediment to either final grade or saleability of the concentrate product.
·Settling and filtration tests were carried out on combined tailings samples of the Year 1-3 and Year 4-9. Both composites responded well to the anionic polyacrylamide flocculant Magnafloc 10, which is widely used in this type of application. The Year 1-3 composite demonstrated poorer settling characteristics, as compared to the later production material, requiring a higher flocculant dose and achieving a lower underflow density. Both composites were successful in reaching final cake moisture concentrations of ~15% during vacuum filtration tests, with the near-surface sample requiring a larger unit filtration area.
·Copper concentrate settling and filtration testing indicated that effective settling could be achieved also using Magnafloc 10. Vacuum filtration rates for the concentrate were found to be slow, but improved significantly with the addition of filter aid.
·Minor element analysis was conducted on concentrate samples from the domain and production composites. No elements of concern were noted, although a few composites returned slightly elevated mercury concentrations, as high as 14.1 parts per million, which may incur a small penalty depending on the specific terms of the smelter agreement.
·Preliminary environmental characterisation was carried out by ABA and TCLP testing on the production composite tailings samples. The results indicated that the tailings tested are potentially non-acid generating (NAG), and did not exceed Schedule 4 limits for toxicity.
The proposed flowsheet for the processing plant consists of a conventional SAG/Ball milling circuit to generate a flotation feed product P80 of approximately 155 µm. The flotation circuit would produce separate copper and molybdenum concentrate products for dewatering and shipment to third party smelters. LOM average mill feed would consist primarily of material from the chalcopyrite (46%) and bornite (41%) domains, with a lesser amount from the pyrite zone (13%). Table 8 presents a summary of the LOM metallurgical projection for the Ann Mason deposit. Grades and recoveries are based on the results of the locked-cycle flotation tests from the 2015 Met Program testwork.
Table 8 – Projected Life of Mine Grades and Recoveries for the Copper and Molybdenum Concentrates
ProductGradeRecovery, %
Cu, %Mo, %Au, g/tAg, g/tCuMoAuAg
Cu Concentrate30.00.11.6536.092.017.157.055.0
Mo Concentrate2.550.00.6150.150.00.20.2
In addition to the estimates given above, additional projections for copper concentrate grades and recoveries have been calculated for the production periods Year 1-3 and Year 4-9. The locked cycle test results presented in Table 9 were used to provide a weighted average concentrate and recovery estimate for the two production periods (note that copper recovery from the pyrite zone was adjusted to 90% due to the low head grade of the domain composite).
69

Table 9 – Projected Grades and Recoveries for the Copper Concentrate for the Production Periods Year 1-3 & 4-9
ProductGradeRecovery, %
Cu, %Au, g/tAg, g/tCuAuAg
Cu Conc – Yr 1-327.31.3232.291.857.055.0
Cu Conc – Yr 4-928.51.8141.691.657.055.0

Calculated concentrate copper grades for both production periods are lower than 30%, but the estimates are believed to be conservative, due to limitations of the lab equipment when working with low concentrate mass recovery. Test work in 2012 on higher grade composites achieved locked-cycle concentrates as high as 36% copper, and such grades would be reasonable to expect in a properly sized process plant when treating the bornite rich zones of the deposit.
Based on the results of the testwork, a PEA level plant design was completed to process the Ann Mason sulphide material at a nominal rate of 120,000 t/d. The design combines industry standard unit process operations consisting of primary crushing, SAG milling, closed circuit ball milling, copper-molybdenum bulk rougher flotation, concentrate regrinding, copper-molybdenum cleaner flotation, copper-molybdenum separation flotation, and product and tailings dewatering.
The results of this work will be used to further advance the understanding of the metallurgy of the Ann Mason deposit, and to optimize the flowsheet accordingly.
Blue Hill Deposit
In 2012, Metcon completed column leach testing of four composite samples composed of split drill core from the Blue Hill deposit. The objective of the program was to determine the amenability of Blue Hill samples to heap leaching, including copper extraction and acid consumption data.
Three of the composites were from oxide-style mineralization, with calculated head grades ranging between 0.13% copper and 0.25% copper. The fourth was from mixed oxide-sulphide mineralization grading 0.17% copper. Size-by-size analysis of the column head samples crushed to a P80 of ¾" indicated significant upgrading of the copper values in the -2 mm fraction.
Mineralogical characterization of the oxide sample was conducted by Tescan Integrated Mineral Analysis ("TIMA"), which provides semi-quantitative results using an automated scanning electron microsope. The results indicated that copper was predominantly present as chrysocolla and other minerals including goethite, calcanthite, brocanthite, malachite, and tennantite. The remaining copper is contained as minor amounts of sulphides (chalcopyrite, covellite, bornite).
The samples were crushed to a P80 of ¾" and acid addition requirements were determined using bottle roll testing and static leaching. A 40 kg charge of each composite was loaded into separate 3 metre x 10 centimetre diameter columns. The column charges were acid agglomerated and cured for five days prior to the onset of irrigation at a flow rate of 7.33 L/h/m2 and a sulphuric acid concentration of 7 g/L.
After a 91-day leach cycle, the columns yielded recoveries ranging from approximately 83% in the mixed composite to 87% in the mid-grade composite. The average recovery of the four composites was 84.8%. All composites showed very fast recovery rates, with the four columns returning indicated cumulative copper extractions averaging 70% after 15 days of leaching. Sulphuric acid consumption in the four columns ranged between 8.37 kg/kg copper and 15.49 kg/kg copper, and averaged 11.95 kg/kg copper.
For all of the tests, rapid copper extraction was observed at the onset of column irrigation, indicating that significant copper mineral dissolution had occurred during the agglomeration and curing stages. By the third week of leaching extraction, kinetics declined dramatically, but slow progress continued until the end of the test. High copper extractions and fast kinetics are believed to be attributable to the copper mineralization being localized in the fracture zones of the host rock. Hence, a moderate crush size was successful at opening up the mineral surfaces to attack by acid leaching.
Additional column leach testing of the Blue Hill oxide zone is recommended.
70

Infrastructure and Site Layout
A site layout has been prepared to illustrate the proposed location of required infrastructure, mining, and processing facilities for the Ann Mason Project (Figure 4).
Figure 4 - Ann Mason Project Site Layout

The mill is to be constructed to the northeast of the open pit and consists of a process plant and the supporting infrastructure for mining operations. A mining equipment garage, as well as mine dry, offices, and warehouse, are also included in the site complex. Access to the site will be via an upgraded access road to the northeast of the project.
The anticipated power demand will be 105 megawatts ("MW") during peak production.  Following upgrades to electrical substations and transmission lines in Yerington and Smith Valley, currently being planned by Nevada Energy, power can come from the proposed NV Energy 60 kV transmission line (120 kV capacity) servicing Smith Valley. A tap from this line will be constructed along with six kilometres of new 120 kV line to service the site. The line will feed two main substation transformers
The proposed tailings management facility ("TMF") is illustrated in Figure 4 above. This arrangement provided the lowest height for the tailings dams and added security by keying the tailings dams into rock contacts for increased stability. Further study on this layout is required in later levels of study.
71

The principal objective of the TMF is to provide secure containment of all the tailings solids generated by the milling process. The facility must accommodate 685.5 Mm3 of tailings.
The tailings dam design for this study considers four separate structures. Three of these will be constructed entirely of rock fill with the fourth a combination of rock fill and cyclone tailings. The South Dam will be the dam with the combination of materials. The volume in the South Dam is estimated at 94.6 Mm3 of which 21.8 Mm3 will be rock. This dam is active the entire mine life.
The tailings slurry will be pumped via a 5 kilometre pipeline from the plant to the South Dam. Tailings will be distributed to a series of cyclones on the dam crest and used to construct the dam further. Process water will be reclaimed from the TMF pond and returned to the plant via a dedicated reclaim water pumpset and pipeline.
The design height of the South Dam is the 1,650 metre level, which results in a maximum height of 125 metres. End of mine life freeboard has been designed at 5 metres.
The TMF pond plays a key role in the site water management by providing buffering of process water, direct precipitation, and runoff.
Surface diversion ditches along the western edge of the TMF have been included to capture and divert water away from the TMF without contact and released back into the environment. Seepage collection ponds and pumping systems are considered in the costing for each of the dams. This seepage will be returned to the process plant via the reclaim water system or returned to the TMF.
The effect of evaporation and a final water balance have not been completed for the 2015 PEA, but will be required in the next levels of study as the Ann Mason Project advances.
The plant site drainage will be collected in a settling pond with disposal to the process water pond. Wash bay drainage will be directed to an adjacent settling pond and pumped to the TMF. Mine water collection will be pumped to a small settling pond near the primary crusher. The water will be used for dust control on the road surfaces. Excess water will be sent to the TMF. Surface drainage will be diverted away from the mine where possible to ensure contact with active mining areas does not occur. If contact does occur, it will be directed to the mine-settling pond.
Capital and Operating Costs
Capital Costs
Table 10 shows a summary of the capital costs for the Ann Mason Project.
The pre-production capital cost estimate includes the open pit mine capital expenditures, capitalized pre-production stripping, a 120,000 t/d processing  plant, infrastructure (including a tailings facility, power improvements, water and roads), environmental costs, owner's and indirect costs and contingency. The open pit mine equipment is assumed leased; therefore, only the down-payment portion and lease payments during pre-stripping activities are considered in the mine capital costs.
Sustaining capital cost includes the down payment portion of LOM mine equipment replacement, tailings expansions, infrastructure upgrades and reclamation costs.
Development capital costs show a slight increase (5.5%) over the previous PEA capital ($1,351 million versus $1,283 million). This is attributed to the increase from 100,000 t/d to 120,000 t/d throughput, but offset by leasing of key mine equipment. Capital costs over the life of mine have now been reduced by 16.8%, compared to the previous PEA ($1,542 million versus $1,845 million), primarily attributed to leasing of the mine equipment.
Initial capital and sustaining capital costs summarized below in Table 10 were estimated using Q2 2015 data and pricing.
72

Table 10 – Summary of Ann Mason 2015 PEA Capital Cost Estimates
 
Category
 
 
Pre-Production and
Year 1 Capital
($M)
 
 
Sustaining Capital
(Years 2-21)
($M)
 
 
Total Capital
($M)
 
 
Open Pit
 
 
450.6
 
 
88.7
 
 
539.3
 
 
Processing
 
 
452.2
 
 
4.5
 
 
456.7
 
 
Infrastructure
 
 
180.7
 
 
24.5
 
 
205.1
 
 
Environmental
 
 
2.1
 
 
68.5
 
 
70.6
 
 
Owner's and Indirect Costs
 
 
162.7
 
 
1.6
 
 
164.3
 
 
Contingency
 
 
102.8
 
 
3.2
 
 
106.0
 
 
Total
 
 
1,351.0
 
 
191.0
 
 
1,542.0
 
Note:Total reported values in table are rounded.
Operating Costs
Operating costs were developed for a 120,000 t/d mining and milling operation with a 21‑year milling life. The pre-strip requirements add an additional three years prior to milling commencement .
Total Years 1 to 21 operating costs for the Ann Mason Project are estimated to be $9.92/t of mill feed on a pre-tax basis (post-tax $11.34/t). Mining costs were estimated as $1.50/t mined, inclusive of equipment lease payments. LOM copper pre-tax cash costs are $1.72/lb on a copper only basis, or $1.49/lb net of by-product (molybdenum, gold and silver) credits. LOM AISC are $1.79/lb on a copper only basis, or $1.57/lb net of by-product (molybdenum, gold and silver) credits. Table 11 shows a breakdown of the operating cost categories for Years 1 to 21 on an average cost per tonne of mill feed basis.
All prices in the 2015 PEA are quoted in Q2 2015 United State dollars unless otherwise noted. Diesel fuel pricing is estimated at $0.80/L using a $75/barrel reference price. This estimate was derived from a price quotation for off-road diesel fuel delivered to site with applicable taxes considered. The price for electrical power was set at $0.064/kWh, based on current Nevada industrial pricing.
G&A costs are based on an average of 53 people (16 staff and 37 hourly). Additional charges, such as public relations, recruitment, logistics, and busing, are also included in the G&A costs. Mine employees will be located in the immediate area, and no camp will be provided or required.
Concentrate transportation costs are estimated using values from logistics firms. Delivery of the concentrate will be by bulk trailers and hauled either to the port of Stockton, California, or by truck/rail to Coos Bay, Oregon, or Vancouver, Washington, for delivery to customers overseas. The molybdenum concentrate will be stored in tote bags and delivered to locations in the United States, either Arizona or Pennsylvania.
Port costs consider the handling of the bulk material, assaying, and cost of the referee on the concentrate grade.
Shipping to smelter cost is based on current seaborne rates for delivery to various smelters in the Pacific Rim for the copper concentrate.
A summary of all the operating cost categories on a cost per tonne mill feed basis over the total mill feed tonnage is shown in Table 11.  Costs associated with those items directly attributable to the concentrate are reported in cost per tonne of concentrate.
73

Table 11 – Summary of Ann Mason Operating Costs Year 1 – 21
Category 
Mined
($/t)
 
Mill Feed
($/t)
 
Cu Concentrate
($/t)
 
Mining (mill feed and waste) 1.50 4.13 455 
Processing - 4.59 506 
G&A - 0.26 29 
Subtotal On-Site Costs - 8.98 990 
Transportation, Port Costs, Shipping - 0.87 96 
Royalties - 0.07 7 
Total Pre-Tax Operating Cost - 9.92 1,093 
Taxes - 1.42 157 
Total Post-Tax Operating Cost - 11.34 1,250 
Economic Analysis
The 2015 PEA is preliminary in nature and includes Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the 2015 PEA will be realized.  Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
The analysis is based on a LOM plan for 21 years at a processing rate of 120,000 t/d. An increased mill throughput of 120,000 t/d (versus the previous PEA's 100,000 t/d) allows better utilization of the lower grade mill feed resulting in a more logical mining sequence and better mine fleet capital utilization. The capital increase to support the larger throughput is approximately 5% higher than that reported in the previous PEA, offset by a 12.5% increase in average annual copper production, a nearly 10% increase in average annual post-tax free cash flow and a 12% increase in project net present value ("NPV"). New metallurgical process parameters resulted in significant savings in processing operating costs-per-tonne ($5.13/t in the previous PEA versus $4.59/t in the 2015 PEA).
All prices are quoted in Q2 2015 United States dollars unless otherwise noted.
The tonnes and grades from the five-phase design for the open pit phases were used in the discounted cash flow ("DCF") analysis. The breakdown of Measured, Indicated, and Inferred material utilized in the analysis is shown in Table 7 above to highlight the percentage of material currently in the Measured and Indicated category. A total of 95.1% of the material in the DCF is currently in the Measured and Indicated category. Two additional phases were designed, complete with access, but while still economic, did not benefit the NPV of the overall Ann Mason Project at current metal prices. These demonstrate upside potential for the mine.
Table 12 shows the various metal price scenarios evaluated in the 2015 PEA.
Table 12 – Metal Prices by Scenario
MetalUnitLow CaseBase CaseHigh Case
Copper$/lb2.753.003.25
Molybdenum$/lb9.0011.0013.00
Silver$/oz15.0020.0025.00
Gold$/oz1,100.001,200.001,300.00

The Base Case is the scenario chosen by AGP and Entrée, with the other scenarios used for price sensitivities. The pre-tax results for the Base Case indicate the potential for a NPV7.5 of $1,158 million with an IRR of 15.8%. The payback period is 6.4 years, with payback occurring in the seventh year of production (Table 13 below). The post-tax results for the Base Case indicate the potential for a NPV7.5 of $770 million with an IRR of 13.7%. The payback period is 6.9 years, with payback occurring in the seventh year of production (Table 13 below).
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Table 13 – Discounted Cash Flow Results
 
Cost Category
 
 
Unit
 
 
Low Case
 
 
Base Case
 
 
High Case
 
 
Operating Costs
 
 
Open Pit Mining
 
 
($M)
 
 
3,625.0
 
 
3,625.0
 
 
3,625.0
 
 
Processing
 
 
($M)
 
 
4,027.3
 
 
4,027.3
 
 
4,027.3
 
 
G&A
 
 
($M)
 
 
254.8
 
 
254.8
 
 
254.8
 
 
Concentrate Trucking
 
 
($M)
 
 
521.8
 
 
521.8
 
 
521.8
 
 
Port Costs
 
 
($M)
 
 
43.3
 
 
43.3
 
 
43.3
 
 
Shipping to Smelter
 
 
($M)
 
 
199.0
 
 
199.0
 
 
199.0
 
 
Subtotal Operating Costs
 
 
($M)
 
 
8,671.2
 
 
8,671.2
 
 
8,671.2
 
 
Capital Costs
 
 
Open Pit Mining
 
 
($M)
 
 
539.3
 
 
539.3
 
 
539.3
 
 
Processing
 
 
($M)
 
 
456.7
 
 
456.7
 
 
456.7
 
 
Infrastructure
 
 
($M)
 
 
205.1
 
 
205.1
 
 
205.1
 
 
Environmental Costs
 
 
($M)
 
 
70.6
 
 
70.6
 
 
70.6
 
 
Indirect
 
 
($M)
 
 
164.3
 
 
164.3
 
 
164.3
 
 
Contingency
 
 
($M)
 
 
106.0
 
 
106.0
 
 
106.0
 
 
Subtotal Capital Costs
 
 
($M)
 
 
1,542.0
 
 
1,542.0
 
 
1,542.0
 
 
Revenue (after smelting, refining, roasting, payables)
 
 
($M)
 
 
13,840.2
 
 
15,285.5
 
 
16,730.7
 
 
Royalties (0.4%)
 
 
($M)
 
 
52.3
 
 
58.1
 
 
63.9
 
 
Net Revenue( less Royalties)
 
 
($M)
 
 
13,787.9
 
 
15,227.4
 
 
16,666.9
 
 
Pre-Tax Net Cash Flow (Revenue-Operating-Capital)
 
 
($M)
 
 
3,574.7
 
 
5,014.2
 
 
6,453.7
 
 
Total Tax
 
 
($M)
 
 
844.8
 
 
1,241.4
 
 
1,659.1
 
 
Post-Tax Net Cash Flow
 
 
($M)
 
 
2,730.0
 
 
3,772.8
 
 
4,794.6
 
 
Net Present Value (Pre-Tax)
 
 
NPV @ 5%
 
 
($M)
 
 
1,184
 
 
1,937
 
 
2,690
 
 
NPV @ 7.5%
 
 
($M)
 
 
591
 
 
1,158
 
 
1,724
 
 
NPV @ 10%
 
 
($M)
 
 
205
 
 
641
 
 
1,078
 
 
IRR
 
 
(%)
 
 
11.9
 
 
15.8
 
 
19.4
 
 
Payback Period
 
 
Years (Year paid)
 
 
8.3 (Yr 9)
 
 
6.4 (Yr 7)
 
 
5.2 (Yr 6)
 
 
Net Present Value (Post-Tax)
 
 
NPV @ 5%
 
 
($M)
 
 
815
 
 
1,379
 
 
1,928
 
 
NPV @ 7.5%
 
 
($M)
 
 
339
 
 
770
 
 
1,189
 
 
NPV @ 10%
 
 
($M)
 
 
30
 
 
366
 
 
694
 
 
IRR
 
 
(%)
 
 
10.3
 
 
13.7
 
 
16.8
 
 
Payback Period
 
 
Years (Year paid)
 
 
8.7 (Yr 9)
 
 
6.9 (Yr 7)
 
 
5.7 (Yr 6)
 
Potential revenue from the various metal streams with the Base Case pricing had copper as the dominant value from the deposit at $14.2 billion or 92.6% of the total revenue. This is followed by gold at $509 million for 3.3% of the revenue, molybdenum at $453 million for 3.0% of the revenue, and silver at $168 million (1.1%).
The metal terms considered copper smelting to cost $80/dmt and refining to cost $0.080/lb for an average concentrate grade of 30%. The molybdenum roasting fees would be $1.15/lb with 99% payable. Silver and gold would both be payable at 97% with refining charges of $1.00/oz silver and $10.00 /oz gold. Table 14 shows other key production statistics developed as part of the analysis.
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Table 14 – Ann Mason Key Metal Production Statistics and Cash Costs
 
Cost Category
 
 
Unit
 
 
Value
 
 
 
Mill Feed
 
   
 
Rate
 
 
t/d
 
 
120,000
 
 
 
Grade
 
 
Cu%
 
 
0.30
 
 
 
Total Operating Cost
 
 
($/t mill feed)
 
 
9.92
 
 
 
Mine Life
 
 
(years)
 
 
21
 
 
 
Initial Capital Costs (Year -3, Year -2, Year -1)
 
 
($M)
 
 
1,177.7
 
 
 
Year 1 Capital Costs
 
 
($M)
 
 
173.4
 
 
 
Sustaining Capital Cost
 
 
($M)
 
 
191.0
 
 
 
Total Mine Capital
 
 
($M)
 
 
1,542.0
 
 
 
Payable Copper
 
 
 
Initial 5 Years Average Annual Production
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
229
 
 
 
Average Annual Production – LOM
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
241
 
 
 
Total LOM Production
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
5,065
 
 
 
Payable Molybdenum
 
 
 
Initial 5 Years Average Annual Production
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
2.2
 
 
 
Average Annual Production – LOM
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
2.2
 
 
 
Total LOM Production
 
 
(Mlb)
 
 
46.0
 
 
 
Recovered Precious Metals
 
 
 
Gold
 
 
Silver
 
 
Initial 5 years Average Annual Production
 
 
(oz)
 
 
13,500
 
 
302,200
 
 
Average Annual Production - LOM
 
 
(oz)
 
 
21,000
 
 
434,400
 
 
Total LOM Production
 
 
(oz)
 
 
441,300
 
 
9,122,800
 
 
Copper Concentrate
 
 
 
Initial 5 Years Average Annual Production
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
360,000
 
 
 
Average Annual Production – LOM
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
379,100
 
 
 
Total LOM Production
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
7,961,600
 
 
 
Molybdenum Concentrate
 
 
 
Initial 5 Years Average Annual Production
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
1,900
 
 
 
Average Annual Production – LOM
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
1,800
 
 
 
Total LOM Production
 
 
(dmt)
 
 
38,400
 
 
 
Cash Costs – Year 1 to Year 5
 
 
 
Pre-tax
 
 
Post-tax
 
 
Copper Cash Cost without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
2.08
 
 
2.13
 
 
Copper Cash Cost with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.89
 
 
1.94
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
2.28
 
 
2.32
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
2.09
 
 
2.13
 
 
Cash Costs – Year 1 to Year 21
 
 
 
Pre-tax
 
 
Post-tax
 
 
Copper Cash Cost without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.72
 
 
1.96
 
 
Copper Cash Cost with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.49
 
 
1.74
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.78
 
 
2.03
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.56
 
 
1.81
 
 
Cash Costs – LOM
 
 
 
Pre-tax
 
 
Post-tax
 
 
Copper Cash Cost without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.72
 
 
1.96
 
 
Copper Cash Cost with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.49
 
 
1.74
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) without Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.79
 
 
2.04
 
 
All In Sustaining Cost (AISC) with Credits (Mo, Au, Ag)
 
 
($/lb)
 
 
1.57
 
 
1.81
 
 
Net Annual Cash Flow
 
 
 
Pre-tax
 
 
Post-tax
 
 
Year 1 to Year 5
 
 
($M)
 
 
161.6
 
 
151.3
 
 
Year 1 to Year 21
 
 
($M)
 
 
297.9
 
 
238.4
 
 
LOM
 
 
($M)
 
 
200.6
 
 
150.9
 
Sensitivity to various inputs was examined on the Base Case. The items varied were recovery, metal prices, capital cost, and operating cost. The results of that analysis are shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
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Figure 5 – Spider Graph of Sensitivity of NPV7.5 (Post-Tax)

Figure 6 – Spider Graph of IRR Sensitivity (Post-Tax)

The greatest sensitivity in the Ann Mason Project is metal price. The Base Case prices that are used consider a price of copper at $3.00/lb. A 10% reduction in metal price to $2.70 brings the NPV of the project to $279 million. A 10% increase in the copper price to $3.30 yields an NPV of $1,245 million. The -20% sensitivity on metal prices is roughly equivalent to a copper price of $2.40.
The second most sensitive parameter is recovery. To calculate the sensitivity to recovery, a percentage factor was applied to each metal recovery in the same proportion. Therefore, while sensitivity exists, actual practice may show less fluctuation than is considered in this analysis. Recovery test work has not indicated recoveries in the range of 74% which the -20% change in recovery would represent.  As copper represents 92.2% of the revenue, this large a swing in recovery has the obvious effect of influencing the project, but may not be realistic.
77

The operating cost is the next most sensitive item. With the mine being a bulk mining operation, focus on this cost is instrumental to maintaining attractive project economics. Any opportunity to shorten waste hauls would have a positive impact on the project economics.
The least most sensitive item is capital cost. While changes in the cost have an effect, in comparison to the other three parameters, its effect is more muted. If the capital costs go up by 20%, the post-tax NPV change from the Base Case drops to $508 million from $770 million.
The 0.4% NSR royalty payable to Sandstorm is included in the 2015 PEA.
Environmental
Over the past several years, Entrée has continually focussed on advancing environmental studies and permitting for the Ann Mason Project. Baseline environmental studies, including biology (vegetation and wildlife), cultural resources, and WOUS wetland delineation, have been completed on approximately 4,063 ha (10,040 acres) of the project area. Reports on the survey results have been submitted to the BLM and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for review. No significant obstacles to the development of Ann Mason were identified in any of the baseline environmental studies completed to date.
Permits required for the development of Ann Mason include an approved Mining Plan of Operations from the BLM, Water Pollution Control and Reclamation Permits from the Nevada BMRR, an Air Quality Permit from the Nevada Bureau of Air Pollution Control and Conditional Use/Special Use Permits from Lyon and Douglas Counties.
Results of the baseline environmental studies will form part of an Environmental Impact Study ("EIS") of the project, as required by the National Environmental Policy Act ("NEPA"). Once Entrée completes a Pre-Feasibility study of the Ann Mason Project and submits its Mining Plan of Operations to the BLM for approval, an EIS will be required as part of the approval process. The BLM will be the lead agency under NEPA rules, and will only issue a final EIS after considering comments from the public and other agencies including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Near Term Exploration and Development Plans
Entrée has completed several of the longer lead time items required to advance to a Pre-Feasibility level on the Ann Mason Project.  Future work should include a small amount of additional drilling to convert the remaining Inferred blocks within the Phase 5 pit to Measured and Indicated resources and to potentially extend mineralization within the current pit design to further reduce the strip ratio.  The main additional studies required prior to Pre-Feasibility include:
·Geotechnical, condemnation, water monitoring and exploration drilling.
·Environmental studies (socio-economic, air quality, acid rock drainage, hydrogeological).
·Engineering studies (mining, process, geotechnical, infrastructure, tailings, reclamation, operating and capital cost estimation, etc.).
Several other high-priority targets on the Ann Mason Project property require further exploration.  These include possible extensions of the Ann Mason deposit, the Blue Hill, Roulette, and Blackjack (IP and copper-oxide) targets and the Minnesota copper skarn target.  In the Blackjack area, induced polarization ("IP") and surface copper oxide exploration targets have been identified for drill testing.  The Minnesota skarn target requires further drilling to test deeper IP and magnetic anomalies.
On the near-surface Blue Hill oxide target, copper oxide mineralization extends from surface to a maximum depth of 185 metres (average approximately 125 metres), over an area of 800 by 500 metres and remains open to the northwest and southeast. Drilling of the underlying sulphide target remains sparse, but has identified a target more than one kilometre in width which remains open in most directions with potential for expansion.  Blue Hill has not been incorporated into the 2015 PEA, however, through additional drilling there is potential for the Blue Hill oxide copper deposit to be incorporated into the overall mine plan.
78

Entrée anticipates minimal field work in 2016 pending improvement in metal prices and in the mining investment environment. The Company is continuing to consider strategic partnerships, joint ventures and similar arrangements that would help facilitate the development of the project. 
MONGOLIA
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is referred to by Entrée as the 2018 Reserve Case. In the 2018 Technical Report, the portion of the 2018 Reserve Case that pertains to Entrée is referred to as Entrée’s 20% attributable interest.

OTLLC has conceptually proposed a second lift (Lift 2) for the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension area, in conjunction with mining of the Hugo South and Shivee West

The Heruga deposits, as potential future development phases. A mine plan, at a PEA level, has been prepared for the Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Lift 2, and Heruga mineralization within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV PropertyProperty. This PEA is referred to by Entrée as the 2018 PEA. The 2018 PEA is based upon Indicated and Shivee West are collectivelyInferred mineral resources only. In the 2018 Technical Report, the portion of the 2018 PEA that pertains to Entrée is referred to as "Lookout Hill".  Lookout HillEntrée’s 20% attributable interest.

The 2018 Technical Report presents the mine plan and financial analysis for the mineral reserves (Entrée’s 2018 Reserve Case) and the 2018 PEA. Entrée’s 20% attributable interest in production is comprisedprovided for the mineral reserves and for the 2018 PEA. To meet Form43-101F1 requirements, the Oyu Tolgoi mine facilities that the mineral reserves and the 2018 PEA rely upon are summarized in the 2018 Technical Report, even though the majority of twothe facilities are located on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licences,licence that Entrée has no ownership interest in. However, Entrée does have access to these facilities for processing its share of production through the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA. The 2018 Technical Report does not discuss the mineral resources or mineral reserves on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, where Entrée does not have an attributable interest.

Project Area

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project is located in the South Gobi region of Mongolia, 570 km south of the capital city of Ulaanbaatar and 80 km north of the Mongolian border with China. The Project can be accessed by road and air. A railway route is under construction by the Government of Mongolia and will pass through the southwest corners of the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant whichmining licences. OTLLC will make use of the Port of Tianjin in China for freight.

The South Gobi region has a continental, semi-desert climate. Mining operations are heldconducted year-round. Exploration activities can see short curtailments during storm activity.

Mineral Tenure, Royalties and Agreements

Wood did not independently review ownership of the Project area and any underlying property agreements, mineral tenure, surface rights, or royalties. Wood fully relied upon information derived from Entrée and legal experts retained by a wholly owned subsidiary, Entrée LLC.

for this information.

Mineral Tenure

The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences cover a total of about 62,920 ha and completely surround the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence. The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences are valid until 2039, assuming statutory payments and reporting obligations are met, and can be extended for two subsequent20-year terms. The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences are currently divided between Entrée and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV as follows (Figure 1 above):

follows:

·The

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV coversProperty: 39,807 ha consisting of the eastern portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence and all of the Javhlant mining licences.licence are subject to a joint venture between Entrée and OTLLC. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is contiguous with, and on three sides (to the north, east, and south) surrounds OTLLC'sOTLLC’s Oyu Tolgoi mining licence. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property hosts the Hugo North Extension deposit and the majority of the Heruga deposit.deposit, and several exploration targets. OTLLC is the manager of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. Through various agreements, Rio Tinto has assumed management of the building and operation of Oyu Tolgoi, including access to and exploitation of the Hugo North Extension deposit. Rio Tinto will also manage any development of the portion of the Heruga deposit on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Exploration operations on behalf of OTLLC, including exploration on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, are conducted under the supervision of Rio Tinto.

·

Shivee West covers an areaProperty: 23,114 ha comprising the western portion of 23,114 ha.the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence. While the Shivee West Property is currently 100% owned by Entrée, but issince 2015 it has been subject to a License Fees Agreement between Entrée and OTLLC and may ultimately be included in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. OTLLC also has a first right of refusal by OTLLC. In October 2015, as part of effortswith respect to manage cash reserves,any proposed disposition by Entrée voluntarily surrenderedof an interest in the westernmost 12,060 hectares of Shivee West reducing its area from 35,173 hectares.Property.

Joint Venture Agreement

On October 15, 2004, Entrée entered into theEarn-In Agreement with Ivanhoe Mines Ltd. (now Turquoise Hill). On November 9, 2004, Turquoise Hill and Entrée entered into an Amendment to Equity Participation andEarn-In Agreement, which appended the form of joint venture agreement that the parties were required to enter into on the date upon which the aggregateearn-in expenditures incurred by Turquoise Hill equalled or exceeded the amount ofearn-in expenditures required in order for Turquoise Hill to earn the maximum participating interest available (80%). On March 1, 2005, Turquoise Hill and Entrée entered into an Assignment Agreement, pursuant to which Turquoise Hill assigned most of its rights and obligations under theEarn-In Agreement, as amended, to Ivanhoe Mines Mongolia Inc. (now OTLLC).

On June 30, 2008, OTLLC gave notice to Entrée that it had completed theearn-in expenditures required in order to earn the maximum participating interest available. As a consequence, a joint venture was formed. OTLLC has an initial joint venture participating interest of 80% in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, and Entrée has an initial joint venture participating interest of 20%. In respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV property pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the OTLLC has an initial participating interest of 70% and Entrée has an initial participating interest of 30%.

On October 1, 2015, Entrée and Entrée LLC entered into a License Fees Agreement with OTLLC, pursuant to which the parties agreed to negotiate in good faith to amend the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA to include the Shivee West Property in the definition of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. In addition, under the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA, OTLLC has a right of first refusal with respect to any proposed disposition by Entrée of an interest in the Shivee West Property.

Strategic Deposits

Under Resolution No 57 dated July 16, 2009 of the State Great Khural, the Oyu Tolgoi series of deposits were declared to be Strategic Deposits. The originalMinistry of Mining has advised Entrée that it considers the deposits on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property to be part of the series of Oyu Tolgoi deposits.

Investment Agreement

On October 6, 2009, Turquoise Hill, its wholly-owned subsidiary OTLLC, and Rio Tinto signed the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement with the Mongolian Government, which regulates the relationship among the parties and stabilizes the long-term tax, legal, fiscal, regulatory and operating environment to support the development of the Oyu Tolgoi project. The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement took legal effect on March 31, 2010.

The Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement specifies that the Government of Mongolia will own 34% of the shares of OTLLC (and indirectly by extension, 34% of OTLLC’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property) through its subsidiary Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC. A shareholders’ agreement was concurrently executed to establish the Government’s 34% ownership interest in OTLLC and to govern the relationship among the parties.

Although the contract area defined in the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement includes the Javhlant and Shivee Tolgoi exploration licences were converted to mining licences, by MRAM in October 2009 asEntrée is not a condition precedentparty to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement and does not have any direct rights or benefits under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

OTLLC agreed, under the terms of theEarn-In Agreement, to use its best efforts to cause Entrée to be brought within the ambit of, made subject to and to be entitled to the benefits of the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement or a separate stability agreement on substantially similar terms to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement.

A mining licence may be granted for up to 30 years, plus two subsequent 20 year terms (cumulative total of 70 years).  After issuance of a mining licence, holders are required to pay to the Mongolian Government an annual licence fee for gold or base metal projects. The annual licence fee to keep the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences Entrée has been engaged in good standing is approximately $944,000, based on a rate of $15.00 per hectare.
The following table is a summarydiscussions with stakeholders of the mining licences and their renewal status:
Licence Name
Licence Number
Date Granted
Renewal Date
Expiration Date
Javhlant
15225A
October 27, 2009
October 27, 2039
To Be Determined
Shivee Tolgoi
15226A
October 27, 2009
October 27, 2039
To Be Determined
On March 30, 2016,Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Company filed LHTR16, titled "Lookout Hill Feasibility Study Update", dated March 29, 2016. LHTR16 was prepared by OreWin Pty Ltd ("OreWin"). For additional information regarding the assumptions, qualifications and procedures associated with the scientific and technical information regarding the Lookout Hill property, reference should be made to the full text of LHTR16, which is available for review on SEDAR located at www.sedar.com or on www.entreegold.com.
Property Location and Accessibility

The Lookout Hill property is located within the Aimag (Province) of Ömnögovi in the South Gobi regionGovernment of Mongolia, about 570 kilometres south of the capital city of UlaanbaatarOTLLC, Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC, Turquoise Hill and 80 kilometres north of the border with China.Rio Tinto, since February 2013. The property is centred at approximately latitude 43°02′ N and longitude, 106°45′ E, or UTM coordinates 4,766,000 mN and 644,000 mE, with datum setdiscussions to WGS-84, Zone 48N.
Road access to the property follows well-defined roads directly southdate have focused on issues arising from Ulaanbaatar requiring approximately 8-12 hours travel time in a four wheel drive vehicle. Mongolian rail service and a large electric power line lie 350 kilometres east of the property at the main rail line between Ulaanbaatar and China. The China-Mongolia border is located approximately 80 kilometres south of Lookout Hill. OTLLC has constructed a 105 kilometre roadEntrée’s exclusion from the site to the border. OTLLC has constructed a 3.25 kilometre concrete airstrip and the site is serviced by charter and scheduled flights to and from Ulaanbaatar. Ulaanbaatar has an international airport, and Tsogt Tsetsii and the aimag capital of Dalanzadgad have regional airports.
79

There are few permanent inhabitants living within the boundaries of Lookout Hill and no towns or villages of significant size. The people who do live there are mostly nomadic herders.
Entrée periodically engages in small programs of basic infrastructure improvements to assist the nearby communities in the vicinity of the property.  In addition, Entrée maintains close contact with the district officials as part of its community relations efforts.
Climate, Local Resources, Physiography
The Lookout Hill property is located in the southern Gobi desert. Elevations in the area range between 1,160 masl and 1,450 masl. The property is located within the closed Central Asian drainage basin and has no outflow to the ocean. Most riverbeds in this drainage basin are ephemeral creeks that remain dry most times of the year. The Undai River is the most significant hydrological feature of the area.  A tributary of the river passes through the site.
The southern Gobi region has a continental, semi-desert climate with cool springs and autumns, hot summers, and cold winters.  The average annual precipitation is approximately 57 mm, 90% of which falls in the form of rain with the remainder as snow.  Snowfall accumulations rarely exceed 50 mm.  Maximum rainfall events of up to 43 mm per hour have been recorded for short-term storm events.  In an average year, rain falls on only 19 days and snow falls on 10-15 days.  Local records indicate that thunderstorms are likely to occur between 2 and 8 days a year at the property.
Temperatures range from an extreme maximum of about 50 °C to an extreme minimum of about ‑34°C.  The air temperature in wintertime fluctuates between 6°C and ‑21°C.  In the coldest month, January, the average temperature is ‑12°C.
Wind is usually present at the site.  Very high winds are accompanied by sandstorms that often severely reduce visibility for several hours at a time.  Based on regional information, windstorms can have gusts of up to 50 m/s. Snowstorms and blizzards with winds up to 40 m/s occur in the Gobi region between five and eight days a year.  Spring dust storms are far more frequent, and can continue through June and July.
The flora in the Lookout Hill property area has been classified as representative of the eastern region of the Gobi Central Zone within the Central Asian Greater Zone.  Vegetation tends to be homogenous across the Eastern Gobi Desert Steppe and consists of drought-tolerant shrubs and thinly distributed low grasses. Four rare plant species occur within the mining licence area.
History
Entrée entered into an option agreement with a private Mongolian mining company, Mongol Gazar Co. Ltd. ("Mongol Gazar") in 2002, to acquire three exploration licences.
Mongol Gazar was originally awarded the exploration licences by the Mongolian Government in March and April of 2001.  In September 2003, Entrée entered into a purchase agreement with Mongol Gazar and its affiliate MGP LLC, which replaced the option agreement.
The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant exploration licences, which form the Lookout Hill property, were converted to mining licences in October 2009.  The third exploration licence, Togoot, was converted to a mining licence in June 2010, and was subsequently sold by Entrée in November 2011 to an arm's length private Mongolian company.
Regional Geology
The Lookout Hill property lies within the Palaeozoic Gurvansayhan Terrane in southern Mongolia, a component of the Altaid orogenic collage, which is a continental-scale belt dominated by compressional tectonic forces. The Gurvansayhan Terrane consists of highly deformed accretionary complexes and oceanic island arc assemblages. The island arc terrane is dominated by basaltic volcanics and intercalated volcanogenic sedimentary rocks (Upper Devonian Alagbayan Group), intruded by pluton-sized, hornblende-bearing granitoids of mainly quartz monzodiorite (Qmd) to possibly granitic composition. Carboniferous age sedimentary rocks (Sainshandhudag Formation) overlie this assemblage.
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Major structures in this area include the Gobi–Tien Shan sinistral strike-slip fault system, which splits eastward into a number of splays, and the Gobi–Altai Fault system, which forms a complex zone of sedimentary basins overthrust by basement blocks to the north and north‑west.

Local Geology
The Oyu Tolgoi seriesInvestment Agreement, including the fact that the Government of porphyry copper-gold deposits, which includesMongolia does not have a full 34% interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV's Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits, occur along a north-north-east corridor with Hugo North Extension atJV Property; the north endfact that the mining licences integral to future underground operations are held by more than one corporate entity; and the Heruga deposit atfact that Entrée does not benefit from the south end. The deposits are consideredstability that it would otherwise have if it were a party to be typical porphyry copper-gold deposits based on their styles of alteration and mineralization, spatial and genetic association with intrusive units, moderate grades, and large size. Mineralization is related to Devonian quartz monzodiorite intrusions and associated quartz stockwork. The deposits have varied characteristics in regard to host rock, intrusive bodies, sulphide mineralogy, grade, and alteration.
The pre-Carboniferous (probably Devonian) stratigraphy of the Oyu Tolgoi seriesInvestment Agreement. No agreements have been finalized.

Royalties

The Minerals Law of deposits consistsMongolia provides for the payment of massive augite basalt, conglomerate, dacitic tuffs, and siltstones, which are overthrust bya royalty for exploitation of a mineral resource (the regular royalty). In general, the 'Heruga sequence', comprising basaltic flows, volcaniclastic rocks, and siltstones. Onlyregular royalty is calculated on the lower partsbasis of the Devonian sequence host porphyry mineralizationsales value of all extracted products sold or loaded to be sold, and associated alteration.of all products utilized. Depending on the type of mineral, the regular royalty ranges from a base rate of 2.5% to 5%. The Carboniferous Sainshandhudag Formation unconformably overliesapplicable regular royalty rate for copper, silver, molybdenum and exported gold is 5%. In addition, an additional royalty amount may be payable depending on the older rocks. Major Carboniferous or younger faults disruptmarket value in excess of a designated base value of the mineralized corridorrelevant product (the surtax royalty).

If the State is an equity participant in the exploitation of a Strategic Deposit, the licence holder is permitted to negotiate with the Government of Mongolia to exchange the Government’s equity interest in the licence holder for an additional royalty payable to the Government (a special royalty), the percentage of which would vary depending on the particulars of the Strategic Deposit, but which cannot exceed 5%. The special royalty would be paid in addition to the regular royalty and, bound the western side of most deposits.

if applicable, a surtax royalty.

Geology and Mineralization

The Hugo North Extension depositOyu Tolgoi deposits, including those within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, containshost copper-gold porphyry and related high-sulphidation copper-gold deposit styles. Mineralization identified in the Shivee West Property consists oflow-sulphidation epithermal mineralization styles.

The Oyu Tolgoi porphyry deposits are hosted within the Palaeozoic Gurvansayhan Terrane. Lithologies identified to date in the Gurvansayhan Terrane include Silurian to Carboniferous terrigenous sedimentary, volcanic-rich sedimentary, carbonate, and intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks. The sedimentary and volcanic units are intruded by Devonian granitoids and Permo-Carboniferous diorite, monzodiorite, granite, granodiorite, and syenite bodies, which can range in size from dykes to batholiths.

The Hugo Dummett deposits (Hugo North/Hugo North Extension and Hugo South) contain porphyry-style mineralization associated with Qmdquartz monzodiorite intrusions, concealed beneath a deformed sequence of Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous sedimentary and volcanic rocks.

The high-grade zone at Hugo North Extension comprises relatively coarse bornite impregnating quartz and disseminated in wall rocks of varying composition, usually intergrown with subordinate chalcopyrite. Bornite is dominant in the highest grade parts of the deposit (with these zones averaging around 3.0% to 5.0% copper) and is zoned outward to chalcopyrite (to zones averaging around 2.0% copper for the high-grade chalcopyrite dominant mineralization).
The Heruga deposit contains copper-gold-molybdenum porphyry-style mineralization hosted in Devonian basalts and Qmd intrusions, concealed beneath a deformed sequence of Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The deposits are highly elongated to the north-northeast and extend over at least 3 km. The Hugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits occur within easterly-dipping homoclinal strata contained in a north-northeasterly elongated, fault-bounded block. The northern portion of this block is cut by several northeast-striking faults near the boundary between the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence. Deformation is dominated by brittle faulting.

Host rocks at Hugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits consists of an easterly-dipping sequence of volcanic and volcaniclastic strata correlated with the lower part of the Devonian Alagbayan Group, and quartz monzodiorite intrusive, rocks that intrude the volcanic sequence, and a large post-mineral biotite granodiorite. The highest-grade copper mineralization in the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits is related to a zone of intensely stockworked to sheeted quartz veins. The high-grade zone is centred on thin, east-dipping quartz monzodiorite intrusions or within the apex of the large quartz monzodiorite body, and extends into adjacent basalt. Bornite is dominant in the highest-grade parts of the deposit(3-5% copper) and is zoned outward to chalcopyrite (2% copper). At grades of <1% copper, pyrite-chalcopyrite dominates. Elevated gold grades in the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits occur within theup-dip (western) portion of the intensely-veined, high-grade core, and within a steeply-dipping lower zone cutting through the western part of the quartz monzodiorite.

The Hugo North Extension occurs within moderately east dipping (65° to 75°) strata contained in a north-northeasterly-elongate fault-bounded block. The deposit is cut by several major brittlenortheast-striking faults and fault systems, partitioningsplays near the deposit into discrete structural blocks. Internally, these blocks appear relatively undeformed, and consist of south-east dipping volcanic and volcaniclastic sequences. The stratiform rocks are intruded by Qmd stocks and dykes that are probably broadly contemporaneousboundary with mineralization. The deposit is shallowest at the southern end (approximately 500 metres below surface) and plunges gently to the north.

The alteration at Heruga is typical of porphyry-style deposits, with notably stronger potassic alteration at deeper levels. Locally intense quartz-sericite alteration with disseminated and vein pyrite is characteristic of mineralized Qmd. Molybdenite mineralization seems to spatially correlate with stronger quartz-sericite alteration.
Copper sulphides occur at Heruga in both disseminations and veins/fractures. Mineralized veins have a much lower density at Heruga than in the more northerly deposits.
Exploration – Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venture Property
From 2002 to 2004, Entrée undertook mapping, prospecting, completed extensive soil sampling and conducted IP, gravity, and magnetometer surveys over the area immediately north of the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence boundary. After signinglicence. Other than these northeasterly faults, the Earn-in Agreementstructural geometry and deformation history of the Hugo North Extension is similar to that of Hugo North.

The Heruga deposit is the most southerly of the currently known deposits within the Oyu Tolgoi Trend. The deposit is a copper-gold-molybdenum porphyry deposit and is zoned with a molybdenum-rich carapace at higher elevations overlying gold-rich mineralization at depth. The top of the mineralization starts500-600 m below the present ground surface. Quartz monzodiorite bodies intrude the Devonian augite basalts as elsewhere in October 2004,the district.Non-mineralized dykes, comprising about 15% of the volume of the deposit, cut all work onother rock types. The deposit is transected by a series of north-northeast-trending vertical fault structures that step down 200 m to 300 m at a time to the west and have divided the deposit into at least two structural blocks.

High-grade copper and gold intersections show a strong spatial association with contacts of the mineralized quartz monzodiorite porphyry intrusion in the southern part of the deposit. At deeper levels, mineralization consists of chalcopyrite and pyrite in veins and disseminated within biotite-chlorite-albite-actinolite-altered basalt or sericite-albite-altered quartz monzodiorite. The higher levels of the orebody are overprinted by strong quartz-sericite-tourmaline-pyrite alteration where mineralization consists of disseminated and vein-controlled pyrite, chalcopyrite and molybdenite.

A number of prospects have been identified in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV PropertyProject through reconnaissance evaluation, geochemical sampling and geophysical surveys. Some targets have preliminary drill testing. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project retains exploration potential for porphyry and epithermal-style mineralization.

History

Entrée’s interest in the Project commenced in 2002, when an option agreement was conducted by OTLLC,signed with a private Mongolian company over the operator,Shivee Tolgoi and included geophysics (predominantly IP), mappingJavhlant exploration licences. Entrée subsequently purchased the licences in 2003, and RC and diamond drilling.they were converted to mining licences in 2009. The majoritydetails of the diamondEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV are summarized above under “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Mineral Tenure, Royalties and Agreements – Joint Venture Agreement”.

Work completed in the Project area has included: surface reconnaissance mapping; geochemical sampling (trenching, conventional and mobile metal ion soil sampling, rock chip and grab sampling, and stream sediment and pan concentrate sampling); geophysical surveys (IP, regional magnetic, ground magnetometer, and high-resolution magnetotelluric surveys); interpretation of satellite imagery; RC, polycrystalline (“PCD”), and core drilling; metallurgical testwork; mining, geotechnical, and hydrogeological studies; and social and environmental studies.

Drilling and Sampling

Approximately 250,000 m of drilling in approximately 250 holes has been exploration relatedcompleted within the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences between 2004 and the effective date of the 2018 Technical Report. Core drill holes are the principal source of geological and grade data. A small percentage of the drilling total comes from RC or combined RC/core drilling and from PCD drilling.

Core drilling includes 11871 drill holes totalling 95,748 metres97,252 m on the Hugo North Extension deposit and 4546 drill holes totalling 56,957 metres67,844 m on the Heruga deposit.

No significant exploration work Entrée has completed 65 core holes totalling 38,244 m and 34 RC holes totalling 4,145 m within the Shivee West Property.

There has been undertaken by OTLLCno drilling within the Shivee West Property since 2011. There has been no drilling on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property since February 2013.

Two targets were explored with diamond drilling in 2012:2016 up to the Airport anomaly west of Ulaan Khud, and targets along strike from the Hugo North Extension deposit. Total drilling on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV portioneffective date of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence in 2012 was 5,626 metres.
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In 2012, diamond drilling tested a Cretaceous covered area above an IP-gravity target, located seven kilometres north of Hugo North Extension and to the west of Ulaan Khud. Fifty-two shallow holes totalling 3,327 metres were completed on 165-330 metre spacing. The best assay result from this shallow drilling was 11.1 metres averaging 0.15% copper with 0.26 g/t gold (from 52 metres depth).
From September through December 2012, a new drill hole (EGD157) located 750 metres north of Hugo North Extension was completed to 2,380 metres without intersecting significant mineralization.
In December 2012, two drill holes totalling 942 metres were completed to test targets generated by the shallow drilling of the Cretaceous covered area. Neither hole intersected significant mineralization.
In 2012 and 2013, OTLLC drilled six holes within the Javhlant mining licence, for a total of 6,736 metres. Three exploration holes were completed to the east of Heruga: one hole (EJD0041) was collared into the core of the deposit but lost at 418 metres; a daughter hole (EJD0034A) was completed on the east side of the Heruga deposit; and another hole (EJD0043) tested the Southwest Heruga target. Three 2012 holes (EJD0042, EJD0043, and EJD0044) failed to intersect significant mineralization.
Hole EJD0034A was drilled as a daughter hole starting at 848 metres below the original to a depth of 1,884.5 metres. Assays returned three mineralized intervals, the most notable being 590 metres of 0.33% copper, 0.70 g/t gold and 56 ppm molybdenum, or 0.80% copper equivalent ("CuEq"). The hole shows strongly increasing gold with depth and extends mineralization another 150 metres below the previous limit of mineralization in EJD0034.
In December 2012, EJD0044 was collared at the north end of Heruga on the Javhlant mining licence, but in early February 2013, the hole passed onto the Oyu Tolgoi licence at a depth of approximately 1,500 metres and still above the mineralized zone. The hole terminated February 26, 2013 at a depth of 2,067 metres within the Oyu Tolgoi licence.
Hole EJD0045 tested mineralization on the east side of the Heruga Qmd unit but was terminated at 1,450 metres after hitting a late-stage fault prior to intersecting the target. The target remains valid.
No significant exploration work has been undertaken by OTLLC on the Joint Venture Property since February 2013.
2018 Technical Report.

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property – Sampling, AnalysisDrilling

Most holes at Hugo North and Security

SamplingHugo North Extension were collared with PQ drill rods (85 mm core diameter) and were reduced to HQ size drill rods (63.5 mm) at depths of around 500 m prior to entering the mineralized zone. A small percentage were reduced to NQ size (47.6 mm) and a few holes have continued to depths of about 1,300 m using PQ diameter. Many of the deeper holes were drilled as “daughter” holes (wedges) from a PQ diameter “parent” drill hole. Collar survey methods were similar for core and RC drill holes. Proposed drill hole collars and completed collars are surveyed by a hand-held global positioning system (“GPS”) unit for preliminary interpretations. After the hole is completed, it isre-surveyed using a Nikon theodolite instrument.

RC drill holes were typically not down-hole surveyed. In general, most RC holes are less than 100 m in depth and therefore unlikely to experience excessive deviations in the drill trace. OTLLC uses down-hole survey instruments to collect the azimuth and inclination at specific depths of the core drill holes for most of the diamond drilling programs. Six principal types of survey method have been used over the duration of the drilling programs, onincluding Eastman Kodak, Flexit, Ranger, gyro, and north-seeking gyro methods.

Recovery data were not collected for the RC drill programs. OTLLC’s geology staff measure core recovery and rock quality designation (“RQD”) during core drilling programs. In general, OTLLC reports that core recoveries obtained by the various drilling contractors have been very good, averaging between 97% and 99% for all of the deposits. RQD was not recorded for Heruga core, nor was geotechnical logging undertaken.

The logging comprised capture of geological, alteration, and mineralization data. In August 2010, OTLLC implemented a digital logging data capture using the acQuire system, replacing the earlier paper logging.

Density data have been collected using water immersion methods, with a calliper method used as a quality assurance/quality control check.

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property Sampling

Drill core was halved using a saw and sampled on 2 m intervals.

Independent analytical laboratories used during the analytical programs have included soil, rock chip,SGS, ALS (primary laboratories) and Bondar Clegg, Chemex, Genalysis, and Actlabs (secondary laboratories). ALS and SGS currently act as the secondary laboratories for each other. Theon-site sample preparation facility has been managed by SGS and its predecessor companies since 2002.

Sample preparation protocols were in line with industry norms, consisting of crushing to a nominal 90% at 3.35 mm, and pulverizing to a nominal 90% at 75 µm (200 mesh).

Until September 2011, all samples submitted to SGS (Mongolia) were routinely assayed for gold, copper, iron, molybdenum, arsenic and silver. Copper, molybdenum, silver, and arsenic were determined by acid digestion followed by an atomic absorption spectroscopy (“AAS”) finish. Gold was determined using a 30 g fire assay fusion. After 2011, fluorine assays were requested. ALS (Vancouver) was appointed the primary laboratory for the high-resolution multi-element inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-MS) suite, and LECO sulphur and carbon analyses. A trace element composites (“TEC”) program was undertaken in addition to routine analyses. The composites were subject to multi-element analyses comprising a suite of 47 elements determined by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy/mass spectrometry(“ICP-OES/MS”). Additional element analyses included mercury by cold vapour AAS, fluorine by KOH fusion/specific ion electrode, and carbon/sulphur by LECO furnace.

All programs since 2003 have included submission of QA/QC samples, consisting of blank samples, standard reference materials (“SRMs”), duplicate samples, and check samples. For most of the drill programs, OTLLC has maintained a check assay program sending approximately 5% of assayed pulps to secondary laboratories.

Samples were always attended or locked in a sample dispatch facility. Sample collection and transportation have always been undertaken by company or laboratory personnel using company vehicles.Chain-of-custody procedures consisted of filling out sample submittal forms that were sent to the laboratory with sample shipments to make certain that all samples were received by the laboratory.

Shivee West Property Drilling

Core holes were either completely drilled at PQ or HQ sizes, although some holes were PQ reduced to HQ, and others PQ reduced to HQ to NQ.

Drill hole collars were surveyed at the end of each field season by Geocad Co. Ltd., a surveying company based in Ulaanbaatar, using differential GPS equipment. Entrée downhole-surveyed all core holes at approximately 50 m intervals using a Sperry Sun instrument. No downhole surveys were undertaken for RC holes. Most RC holes are shallow and vertical, and unlikely to have significant deviation. Core recoveries obtained by the drilling contractor were very good, except in localized areas of faulting or fracturing.

Core was logged for lithology, mineralization and alteration, and geological structures.

Shivee West Property Sampling

The 2011 RC holes were sampled on 1 m intervals from collar to planned depth.

Drill core was halved using a saw and sampled on 2 m intervals.

Independent analytical laboratories used during the analytical programs included SGS for the core drilling, and Actlabs for RC samples.

Sample preparation of drill core consisted of crushing to 85% passing 3.35 mm, followed by pulverizing to 90% passing 75mm. Gold analysis was undertaken using a 30 g fire assay method. Copper, silver, and molybdenum were determined by AA.

RC techniques. All ofsamples were pulverized to at least 95% passing 75 µm. Gold and silver analyses were undertaken using a 30 g fire assay method.

Field blank, commercial SRMs, and quarter-core duplicate samples (for RC programs, field duplicates) were included in the sampling onsample submissions.

Unsampled core was never left unattended at the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is carried out by OTLLC personnelrig; boxes are transported to the core logging facility at the camp site twice daily under a geologist or contractors, except for early-stage samplinggeologist-technician’s supervision. Sampled core was immediately sealed and stored in a fenced facility at the camp site. Samples were delivered under lock and key by Entrée priorpersonnel directly to the Earn-in Agreement being signedlaboratory in October 2004. AllUlaanbaatar on an approximate weekly basis and using achain-of-custody form to record transport and receipt of samples.

Data Verification

OTLLC and its predecessor Ivanhoe Mines reviewed assay quality control sample results supporting drill hole sample assaying on a monthly basis and prepared monthly and quarterly QA/QC reports. These reports describe a systematic monitoring and response to identified issues. In 2011 Ivanhoe Mines reported on an internal review, including laboratory audits, quality assurance procedures, quality control monitoring, and database improvements at Oyu Tolgoi for the early-stage sampling methodsperiod 2008 to 2010. Recommendations from this review were implemented or under advisement. No material issues were identified in these reports.

A number of data reviews have been supersededundertaken by independent consultants as part of preparation of technical reports on the Project.

Wood reviewed drilling, which formssampling, and QA/QC procedures, and inspected drill core, core photos, core logs, and QA/QC reports during 2011 site visits. During this period, Wood also led the basispreparation of updated geological models related to the currentOyut and Hugo North deposits, including the Hugo North Extension.

The data verification completed by OTLLC and its predecessor companies, and the independent data verification completed by others, including Wood, are sufficient to conclude the drill hole database is reasonably free of errors and suitable to support mineral resource estimates.

During resource drilling, split core samples were prepared for analysis at the on-site sample preparation facility operated by SGS Mongolia LLC ("SGS Mongolia"). The prepared pulps were then shipped by air under the custody of OTLLC to Ulaanbaatar, where they are assayed at a laboratory facility operated by SGS Mongolia.
The facility is well-equipped and the staff well-trained by SGS Mongolia. All sample preparation procedures and QA/QC protocols were established by OTLLC in consultation with SGS Mongolia. The maximum sample preparation capacityestimation.

Metallurgical Testwork

Detailed metallurgical testwork has been demonstrated to be around 600 samples per day when fully staffed.

The facility has one large drying oven, two Terminator jaw crushers, and two LM2 pulverisers. The crushers and pulverisers have forced air extraction and compressed air for cleaning. Smee (2008) noted that some ofcompleted on the equipment (in particularOyut (within the crushers) were in poor condition and deficient in a number of areas but also noted that all concerns had been addressed as of April 10, 2008.
The samples were initially assembled into groups of 15 or 16 samples, and then 4 or 5 quality control samples are interspersed to make up a batch of 20 samples. The quality control samples comprise one duplicate split core sample, one uncrushed field blank, a reject or pulp preparation duplicate, and one or two standard reference material (SRM) samples (one < 2% copper and one > 2% copper if higher grade mineralization is present based on visual estimates). The two copper SRMs are necessary because SGS Mongolia uses a different analytical protocol to assay all samples > 2% copper.
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The split core, reject, and pulp duplicates were used to monitor precision at the various stages of sample preparation. The field blank can indicate sample contamination or sample mix-ups, and the SRM was used to monitor accuracy of the assay results.
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property – Mineral Resources
The mining licence) and Hugo North/Hugo North Extension mineral resource inventory, cut atdeposits, and includes flotation, comminution, locked cycle and mineralogical studies. Metallurgical studies for Heruga include liberation analysis, and bulk flotation and open circuit cleaning testwork. Included in the adjacentflotation testwork program was some work on ore hardness and grindability.

The first phase of the development of the Oyu Tolgoi licence boundary,mine process facilities was completed with concentrator commissioning in 2013. Testwork results and operations data have been used to develop and update the throughput models and metallurgical predictions, as well as to guide designs for the second development phase. The second phase will include a concentrator conversion, consisting of additional equipment required to process the changing semi-autogenous grind (“SAG”):ball mill power ratio and higher-grade Hugo North/Hugo North Extension ore.

Throughput algorithms were developed during comminution modelling. The volumetric capacity limit in base data template 31 (“BDT31”) that was used in OTLLC’s 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study was 5.5 kt/h (121 kt/d, 44.3 Mt/a). After a review of the volumetric capacity in OTLLC’s 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study, this was reduced to 5.0 kt/h (110 kt/d, 40 Mt/a). As a result, for the preparation of the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study production schedule for the Oyu Tolgoi operation, the plant throughput volumetric limit was changed from 5.5 kt/h to 5.0 kt/h and the instantaneous throughput was increased by 2.2%. Further elevation and revision of the limit is quite likely asde-bottlenecking and optimization of the plant continues. The 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study limit has already been reached and may be exceeded as the Oyut ore is treated. For Heruga, throughput is not modeled, but instead is limited to 33.25 Mt/a.

Hugo North/Hugo North Extension recoveries for copper, gold, and silver are based on drilling completedBDT31, and derived equations. For Heruga, copper recoveries are based on the KM2133 testwork results with recoveries ranging up to February 14, 201486.5% copper and producing concentrate grades of 25% by weight copper. The gold and silver recoveries are based on the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension projections.

Copper assays vary with higher-grade Hugo North/Hugo North Extension production and increased bornite content early in the block cave. The peak grades from underground bornite-bearing ores are moderated by simultaneous treatment of large amounts of Oyut ore in 2022-2026. The high copper content, especially with a high copper:sulphur ratio, is attractive to most smelters as it provides high copper yield while not taxing acid recovery and handling systems. The peak anticipated concentrate grades of30%-35% copper are projected from 2022 through 2030. The average grades presented in the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study after concentrator conversion are expected to be competitive with other imports to the Chinese market at 28% copper. The significant variability in precious metals content may require shifts in concentrate allocations to smelters.

Arsenic and fluorine are the only penalty elements that have been identified in the Oyut, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension deposits. Enargite is the primary arsenic carrier in these deposits, although tennantite is locally important. For arsenic in copper concentrate, the production model assigns a rate of $2/t/1,000 ppm above a 3,000 ppm threshold up to the rejection level of 5,000 ppm. For fluorine, the production model assigns a rate of $2/t/100 ppm above a 300 ppm threshold up to the rejection level of 1,000 ppm. The penalties are in line with terms from custom smelters. It has been reported with an effective date of March 28, 2014. The effective datethat no fluorine penalties have been applied under the contract terms in operation since sales commenced in late 2013, so some conservatism is inherent in the NSR estimates.

Bismuth and fluorine were present at penalty levels for testwork concentrates generated for the Heruga mineral resource is March 30, 2010 and is based on drilling to June 21, 2009.mineralization.

OTLLC produced 3D geological models of

Mineral Resource Estimation

The database used for the major structures and lithological units based on the structural and geological information outlined in LHTR16. For each deposit, appropriate copper and gold shells at various cut-off grades were also defined. These shapes were then edited on plan and section views to be consistent with the structural and lithological models and the drill assay data. Checks on the structural, lithological, and grade shell models indicated that the shapes honoured the drillhole data and interpreted geology.

The Hugo North Extension and Herugaestimation of mineral resources are shown in Table 15 below, reported at CuEq cut-off grades above 0.37%. The mineral resource estimate for the Hugo North Extension deposit is classifiedconsists of samples and geological information from 37 drill holes, including wedge (daughter) holes, totalling approximately 54,546 m. The database was closed for estimation purposes as Measured, Indicated, and Inferred, while the mineral resource estimate for the Heruga deposit is classified as Inferred. The mineral resources were classified in a manner consistent with the CIM Definition Standards required by NI 43-101.  Mineral resources are not mineral reserves until they have demonstrated economic viability based on a Feasibility Study or Pre-Feasibility study.
The formulae used to calculate copper equivalency have been updated in LHTR16 from the previous report for each deposit and are discussed in more detail below. The various recovery relationships at Oyu Tolgoi are complex and relate both to grade and copper:sulfur ratios.
Table 15 – LHTR16 Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Mineral Resource Summary
 
Deposit
 
 
Tonnage
(Mt)
 
 
Copper
(%)
 
 
Gold
(g/t)
 
 
Silver
(g/t)
 
 
Molybdenum
(ppm)
 
 
CuEq
(%)
 
 
Hugo North Extension Deposit
 
 
Measured
 
 
1.2
 
 
1.38
 
 
0.12
 
 
2.77
 
 
38.4
 
 
1.47
 
 
Indicated
 
 
128
 
 
1.65
 
 
0.55
 
 
4.12
 
 
33.6
 
 
1.99
 
 
Inferred
 
 
179
 
 
0.99
 
 
0.34
 
 
2.68
 
 
25.4
 
 
1.20
 
 
Heruga Deposit
 
 
Inferred
 
 
1,700
 
 
0.39
 
 
0.37
 
 
1.39
 
 
113.2
 
 
0.64
 
 
 
Deposit
 
 
Contained Metal
 
 
Copper
(Mlb)
 
 
Gold
(koz)
 
 
Silver
(koz)
 
 
Molybdenum
(Mlb)
 
 
CuEq
(Mlb)
 
 
 
Hugo North Extension Deposit
 
 
 
Measured
 
 
36
 
 
4.4
 
 
105
 
 
0.1
 
 
38
 
 
Indicated
 
 
 
4,663
 
 
2,271
 
 
16,988
 
 
9.5
 
 
5,633
 
 
Inferred
 
 
3,887
 
 
1,963
 
 
15,418
 
 
10.0
 
 
4,730
 
 
Heruga Deposit
 
 
Inferred
 
 
14,610
 
 
20,428
 
 
75,955
 
 
424
 
 
24,061
 
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Notes:
·
Entrée has a 20% interest in mineralization extracted from the Hugo North Extension and Heruga deposits.
•    CuEq is copper-equivalent grade, expressed in percent.
·The effective date for the Hugo North Extension resource estimate is March 28, 2014; for Heruga the effective date is March 30, 2010.
·The 0.37% CuEq cut-off is equivalent to the underground mineral reserve cut-off as determined by OTLLC.
·CuEq has been calculated using assumed metal prices ($3.01/lb for copper, $1,250/oz for gold, $20.37/oz for silver, and $11.90/lb for molybdenum).
oHugo North Extension CuEq% = Cu% + ((Au (g/t) x 1,250 x 0.0321507 x 0.913) + (Ag (g/t) x 20.37 x 0.0321507 x 0. 942)) / (3.01 x 22.0462)
oHeruga CuEq% = Cu% + ((Au (g/t) x 1,250 x 0.0321507 x 0.911) + (Ag (g/t) x 20.37 x 0.0321507 x 0. 949) + (Mo (ppm) x 11.9 x 0.0022046 x 0.736)) / (3.01 x 22.0462)
·The contained copper, gold, silver and molybdenum in the tables have not been adjusted for metallurgical recovery.
·Totals may not match due to rounding.
·Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.
Hugo North Extension Deposit
The Hugo North Extension resource model is based on a new geological interpretation and refined structural model for the Hugo North deposit. Updated Hugo North interpretations were developed as three dimensional wireframes based on all of the available drillhole data as at the close-off date of February 14, 2014.
A sub-celled volume model was developed from these updated interpretations using parent cell dimensions equal to 15 metres x 15 metres x 15 metres and minimum sub-cell dimensions down to 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres to allow good resolution at interpreted boundaries. Interpolation was undertaken into the mineralized domains (Va, Qmd, Ign, and xBigD) using ordinary kriging methods, except for bulk density, which was interpolated using a combination of simple kriging and inverse distance weighting to the third power (ID3). Grades were estimated into parent cells and assigned to sub-cells of like-domain using 5.0 metre drillhole composites. A nearest neighbour estimation run was also undertaken for validation purposes. Search parameters were derived from variographic analysis. Concentric expanding search ellipsoids were used in a three-pass estimation process, whereby model cells that did not receive an estimate in a previous search ellipse moved to the next larger pass for a repeated attempt at estimation. At least three drillholes were used to estimate blocks in the first search pass, and the number of composites from a single drillhole that could be used was restricted to three. Similarly, search pass two required a minimum of two drillholes to generate an estimate. The number of composites allowed from a single hole was restricted to three. For both copper and gold, a combination of outlier restriction and grade capping was used to control the effects of high-grade samples within the domains.
At Hugo North Extension, block confidence classification is based on three processes: preliminary block classification using a script based on distance to a drillhole and number of drillholes used to estimate a block, generation of probability model for the three confidence categories, and manual 'cleaning' using polygons generated in sectional view.
Heruga Deposit
The Heruga resource model was not updated in LHTR16; however, grades and tonnages have been revised slightly because of changes to the CuEq calculation (see discussion below) and resultant changes to blocks contained within the CuEq cut-off grade. The revised CuEq formula has affected the Heruga mineral resource estimate, with a 7% drop in tonnage, a 4% drop in copper, gold, silver, and molybdenum contained metals, and a 10% drop in copper equivalent metal relative to the previously reported mineral resource (2013).
Modelling of mineralization zones for resource estimation purposes revealed that there is an upper copper-dominant zone and a deeper gold-dominant zone within the overall copper–gold porphyry at Heruga. In addition, there is significant (100–1,000 ppm) molybdenum mineralization in the form of molybdenite, which is more-closely associated with the copper mineralization.
The database used to estimate the mineral resources for the Heruga deposit consists of samples and geological information from 43 drillholes,drill holes, including daughterwedge holes, totalling 58,276 metres.
m. The mineral resource estimatedatabase was originally prepared by OTLLC. A close-off dateclosed for estimation purposes as of May 31, 2009 for survey (collar and downhole) data was utilised for constructing theJune 21, 2009.

OTLLC produced 3D geological domains. The effective date for the Heruga mineral resource is March 30, 2010. OreWin has reviewed the Heruga resource estimate and is of the opinion that the original data is still reliable and current and there have been no material changes resulting from drilling completed after May 2009.

84

OTLLC created 3D shapes (wireframes)models of the major geological featuresstructures and lithological units. The lithological shapes and faults, together with copper and gold grade shells and deposit zones, constrain the grade analysis and interpolation. Typically, the faults form the first order of hard boundaries constraining the Heruga deposit. To assistlithological interpretation.

Drill hole assay composites of 5 m lengths were used for both Hugo North/Hugo North Extension and Heruga. Bulk density values were composited into 5 m fixed-length downhole values for Heruga. A straight composite was used for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension.

A strategy of soft, firm, and hard (“SFH”) boundaries was implemented to account for domain boundary uncertainty (dilution) and to reproduce the input grade sample distribution in the estimation of gradesblock model. Variographic analysis was completed. Both copper and gold in the model, OTLLC also manually created 3D grade shells (wireframes)Hugo North/Hugo North Extension area displayed short ranges for each of the metalsfirst variogram structure and moderate to long ranges for the second variogram structure (where modelled). The nugget variance tended to be estimated. Construction oflow to moderate in all the grade shells took into account prominent lithological and structural features, in particular the four major sub-vertical post-mineralization faults. Fordomains assessed. At Heruga, copper, a single grade shell at a threshold of 0.3% copper was used. For gold, wireframes were constructed at thresholds of 0.3 g/t gold, and 0.7 g/t gold. For molybdenum a single grade shell at a thresholdshowed relatively short first variogram structures and long second variogram structures of 100 ppm250-300 m. Copper and gold showed relatively low nuggets, whereas molybdenum was constructed. Silver was estimated using the copper domains. These grade shells took into account known gross geological controls in additionmoderate to broadly adhering to the above mentioned thresholds.

Resource estimates were undertaken by OTLLC and the methods used were very similar to those usedhigh.

The block caving method envisioned for the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension area does not allow for consideration of selectivity. Asub-celled model with parent block dimensions equal to 15 m x 15 m x 15 m and minimumsub-block dimensions down to 5 m x 5 m x 5 m was used for resource estimate. Interpolation domainsestimation. The actualsub-block sizes in the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension model vary as necessary to fit the specified boundaries of the wireframes used to tag the block model. The block models were based on mineralized geology,coded according to zone, lithological domain, and grade shell. For Hugo North/Hugo North Extension,sub-celling was used to honour lithology, grade, and structural contacts. Blocks above topography were removed from the block model.Non-mineralized units were flagged using a lithology code and were excluded during the interpolation process. Blocks in the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension model were assigned an estimation based ondomain using a combination of grade shells or alteration and lithology.

Modelling of Hugo North/Hugo North Extension consisted of grade interpolation by ordinary kriging. Bulkkriging (“OK”), except for bulk density, which was interpolated using ana combination of simple kriging and inverse distance weighting to the second power (“ID2”). Restricted and unrestricted grades were interpolated to allow calculation of the metal removed by outlier restriction. Grades were also interpolated using nearest-neighbour (“NN”) methods for validation purposes. Blocks and composites were matched on estimation domain. Three estimation passes were used.

The Heruga block model was coded according to zone, lithological domain, and grade shell. Modelling consisted of grade interpolation by OK. As part of the model validation, grades were also interpolated using NN, inverse distance weighting to the third power methodology. The assays(“ID3”), and OK of uncapped composites. Density was interpolated by ID3. Three estimation passes were composited into 5.0 metre downhole composites;used.

Measured, Indicated, and Inferred confidence classifications were assigned to blocks at Hugo North/Hugo North Extension using a combination of a preliminary block sizesclassification using a script based on distance to a drill hole and number of drill holes used to estimate a block, generation of probability model for the three confidence categories, and manual cleaning using polygons generated in sectional view.

There are no Measured or Indicated mineral resources at Heruga. Interpolated cells were 20 metres x 20 metres x 15 metres. Blocksclassified as Inferred mineral resources if they fell within 150 metresm of a drillholedrill hole composite. All mineralization at Heruga is currently classified as Inferred mineral resources.

Once the underground 3D constraining shapes were initially considered to be Inferred. A 3D wireframegenerated, mineral resources were stated for those model cells within the constraining underground stope-block shapes that met a given copper equivalentcut-off grade. The optimized block cave shape used for the considerations of reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction was constructed, insidecreated in 2012, using assumptions contained in base data template 29 (“BDT29”), comprising metal prices of which the nominal drill spacing was less than 150 metres.


CuEq Formula Derivation
$3.00/lb copper and $970.00/oz gold. The copper-equivalence formulae incorporatecurrent mineral resource estimate uses pricing developed in BDT31 during 2014. BDT31 has not been updated. The BDT31 copper equivalent formula incorporates copper, gold, and silver, and also molybdenum for Heruga.molybdenum. The assumed metal prices are $3.01/lb for copper, $1,250/$1,250.00/oz for gold, $20.37/oz for silver and $11.90/lb for molybdenum.
Copper estimates are expressed in the form of percentages (%), gold and silver are expressed in grams per tonne (g/t), and molybdenum is expressed in parts per million (ppm).
Metallurgical recoveryrecoveries for gold, silver, and molybdenum are expressed as a percentagepercentages relative to copper recovery.
Different metallurgical recovery assumptions lead to slightly different copper equivalent formulas for each of the deposits. In all cases, the metallurgical recovery assumptions are based on metallurgical testwork. All elements included in the copper equivalent calculation have a reasonable potential to be recovered and sold except for molybdenum. Molybdenum grades are only considered high enough to potentially support construction of a molybdenum recovery circuit forat Heruga, mineralization;and hence the recoveries of molybdenum are assumed to be zerozeroed out for Hugo North Extension.

Cut-off grades were determined using BDT31 assumptions. The base formulaNSR per tonne of mill feed material was required to be equal to or exceed the production cost of a tonne of mill feed for an operation to break even or make money. For the underground mine, the break-evencut-off grade needs to cover the costs of mining, processing, and general and administrative (“G&A”). A NSR of $15.34/t would be required to cover costs of $8.00/t for mining, $5.53/t for processing and $1.81/t for G&A. This translates to a CuEq break-even undergroundcut-off grade of approximately 0.37% CuEq for Hugo North Extension is:

mineralization. Inferred mineral resources at Heruga have been constrained using a CuEq = Cu + ((Au x 1,250 x 0.0321507 x 0.913) + (Ag x 20.37 x 0.0321507 x 0.942)) / (3.01 x 22.0462)
The base formulacut-off of 0.37%.

Mineral Resource Statement

Mineral resources are reported using the 2014 CIM Definition Standards for Hugo North Extension in Table 3 below and for Heruga is:

CuEq = Cu + ((Au x 1,250 x 0.0321507 x 0.911) + (Ag x 20.37 x 0.0321507 x 0.949) + (Mo x 11.9 x 0.0022046 x 0.736)) / (3.01 x 22.0462
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property –in Table 4. OTLLC staff prepared the estimates. Mineral Reserve
LHTR16 updates Entrée's 2013 technical report on the Lookout Hill property filed in March 2013. LHTR16 was prepared for Entrée by OreWin, and is based on information contained within the 2014 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study ("OTFS14") completed in July 2014 by OTLLC and Turquoise Hill's technical report titled "Oyu Tolgoi 2014 Technical Report") ("2014 OTTR") filed by Turquoise Hill on October 28, 2014. 2014 OTTR is Turquoise Hill's current technical report for the Oyu Tolgoi mine and related projects. LHTR16 aligns the mine planresources are reported for the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property inclusive of those mineral resources that have been converted to mineral reserves, and on a 100% basis. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. The estimates have an effective date of January 15, 2018.

Areas of uncertainty that could materially affect the mineral resource estimates include the following: commodity pricing; interpretations of fault geometries; effect of alteration as a control on mineralization; lithological interpretations on a local scale, including dyke modelling and discrimination of different quartz monzodiorite phases; geotechnical assumptions related to the proposed block cave design and material behaviour; metal recovery assumptions; additional dilution considerations that may be introduced by a block cave mining method; assumptions as to operating costs used when assessing reasonable prospects of eventual economic extraction; and changes to drill spacing assumptions and/or the number of drill hole composites used to support confidence classification categories.

Table 3 – Mineral Resource Summary Table, Hugo North Extension

 Classification 

CuEq Cut-

Off

(%)

 

Tonnage

(Mt)

 

Grade Cu

(%)

 

Grade Au

(g/t)

 

Grade Ag

(g/t)

 

Grade

CuEq

(%)

 

 

 Indicated

 0.37 122 1.68 0.57 4.21 2.03

 Inferred

 0.37 174 1.00 0.35 2.73 1.21

 Classification  

CuEq Cut-       

Off

(%)

  

Tonnage            

(Mt)

  

Contained Cu

(Mlb)

  

Contained Au

(koz)

  

Contained Ag

(koz)

 

 

 Indicated

  0.37  122  4,515  2,200  16,500

 Inferred

  0.37  174  3,828  2,000  15,200

Notes to accompany Hugo North Extension mineral resource table:

1.

Mineral resources have an effective date of January 15, 2018.

2.

Mineral resources are reported inclusive of the mineral resources converted to mineral reserves. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

3.

Mineral resources are constrained within three-dimensional shapes and above a CuEq grade. The CuEq formula was developed in 2016, and is CuEq16 = Cu + ((Au*AuRev) + (Ag*AgRev) + (Mo*MoRev)) ÷ CuRev; where CuRev = (3.01*22.0462); AuRev = (1250/31.103477*RecAu); AgRev = (20.37/31.103477*RecAg); MoRev = (11.90*0.00220462*RecMo); RecAu = Au recovery/Cu recovery; RecAg = Ag recovery/Cu recovery; RecMo = Mo recovery/Cu recovery. Differential metallurgical recoveries were taken into account when calculating the copper equivalency formula. The metallurgical recovery relationships are complex and relate both to grade and copper:sulphur ratios. The assumed metal prices are $3.01/lb for copper, $1,250.00/oz for gold, $20.37/oz for silver, and $11.90/lb for molybdenum. Molybdenum grades are only considered high enough to support potential construction of a molybdenum recovery circuit at Heruga, and hence the recoveries of molybdenum are zeroed out for Hugo North Extension. A NSR of $15.34/t would be required to cover costs of $8.00/t for mining, $5.53/t for processing and $1.81/t for G&A. This translates to a CuEq break-even undergroundcut-off grade of approximately 0.37% CuEq for Hugo North Extension mineralization.

4.

Considerations for reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction included an underground resource-constraining shape that was prepared on vertical sections using economic criteria that would pay for primary and secondary development, block-cave mining, ventilation, tramming, hoisting, processing, and G&A costs. A primary and secondary development cost of $8.00/t and a mining, process, and G&A cost of $12.45/t were used to delineate the constraining shapecut-off.

5.

Mineral resources are stated as in situ with no consideration for planned or unplanned external mining dilution. The contained copper, gold, and silver estimates in the mineral resource table have not been adjusted for metallurgical recoveries.

6.

Mineral resources are reported on a 100% basis. OTLLC has a participating interest of 80%, and Entrée has a participating interest of 20%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the participating interest of OTLLC is 70% and the participating interest of Entrée is 30%.

7.

Figures have been rounded as required by reporting guidelines and may result in apparent summation differences.

Table 4 – Mineral Resource Summary Table, Heruga

Inferred

Classification

 

CuEq Cut-

Off

(%)

 

Tonnage

(Mt)

 

Cu Grade

(%)

 

Au Grade

(g/t)

 

Ag Grade

(g/t)

 

Mo Grade

(g/t)

 CuEq Grade (%)

 

 

Heruga within the     Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi

JV Property

 0.37 1,700 0.39 0.37 1.39 113.2 0.64

 

Inferred

Classification

  

CuEq Cut-  

Off

(%)

  

Tonnage      

(Mt)

  

Contained      Cu

(Mlb)

  

Contained

Au

(koz)

  

Contained Ag

(koz)

  

Contained Mo

(Mlbs)

 

 

Heruga within the   

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

  0.37  1,700  14,604  20,410  75,932  424

 

Notes to accompany Heruga mineral resource table:

1.

Mineral resources have an effective date of January 15, 2018.    

2.

Mineral resources are constrained within three-dimensional shapes and above a CuEq grade. The CuEq formula was developed in 2016, and is CuEq16 = Cu + ((Au*AuRev) + (Ag*AgRev) + (Mo*MoRev)) ÷ CuRev; where CuRev = (3.01*22.0462); AuRev = (1250/31.103477*RecAu); AgRev = (20.37/31.103477*RecAg); MoRev = (11.90*0.00220462*RecMo); RecAu = Au recovery/Cu recovery; RecAg = Ag recovery/Cu recovery; RecMo = Mo recovery/Cu recovery. Differential metallurgical recoveries were taken into account when calculating the copper equivalency formula. The metallurgical recovery relationships are complex and relate both to grade and copper:sulphur ratios. The assumed metal prices are $3.01/lb for copper, $1,250.00/oz for gold, $20.37/oz for silver and $11.90/lb for molybdenum. A NSR of $15.34/t would be required to cover costs of $8.00/t for mining, $5.53/t for processing and $1.81/t for G&A. This translates to a CuEq break-even undergroundcut-off grade of approximately 0.37% CuEq for Heruga mineralization.

3.

Mineral resources are stated as in situ with no consideration for planned or unplanned external mining dilution. The contained copper, gold, silver, and molybdenum estimates in the mineral resource table have not been adjusted for metallurgical recoveries.

4.

Mineral resources are reported on a 100% basis. OTLLC has a participating interest of 80%, and Entrée has a participating interest of 20%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the participating interest of OTLLC is 70% and the participating interest of Entrée is 30%.

5.

Figures have been rounded as required by reporting guidelines and may result in apparent summation differences.

Mineral Reserve Case reported by Entrée withEstimation

The mineral reserve for the mine plan reported in 2014 OTTR.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineral reserve is contained within the Hugo North Extension Lift 1 block cave.cave mining plan. The mine design work on Lift 1 was prepared by OTLLC and reviewed and accepted by OreWin as the basis for the underground mine planning in 2014 OTTR and the reserve estimate in LHTR16. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineral reserve will be mined as part of the Oyu Tolgoi project and as such is a subset of the total Oyu Tolgoi mineral reserves reported in 2014 OTTR, which assumes processing of 1.5 billion tonnes of ore, mined from OTLLC's SOT open pit and from the Hugo North Lift 1 block cave, including Hugo North Extension.
Table 16 shows the underground mineral reserve for Lift 1 of the North/Hugo North Extension underground deposit is to be mined by a variant of the block cave method, panel caving. This approach is to manage the risk of drift and pillar damage associated with high abutment stresses and the high fractured rock mass (orebody). The mine planning work conducted by OTLLC was completed using industry-standard mining software and techniques, and smelter terms as reported in LHTR16. Entrée has a 20% interest in mineralization extracted from the Hugo North Extension deposit. The reconciliation between the reserve reported in LHTR16, and Entrée's previous technical report (2013), is provided in LHTR16. The reconciliation shows there is only a small changeset forth in the mineral reserve.
85

Table 16 – LHTR16 Entrée/2016 Oyu Tolgoi JV Mineral Reserve, September 20, 2014Feasibility Study.

Classification
Ore
(Mt)
NSR
($/t)
Cu
(%)
Au
(g/t)
Ag
(g/t)
Cu
(Mlb)
Au
(koz)
Ag
(koz)
Probable35100.571.590.553.721,1215193,591
Total Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV35100.571.590.553.721,1215193,591

The mineral reserve estimate is based on what is deemed minable when considering factors such as the footprintNotescut-off:

grade, the draw columnshut-off grade, maximum height of draw, consideration of planned dilution and internal barren rock. Key assumptions used by OTLLC in estimation included:

·Entrée has a 20% interest in the reported mineral reserve.
·

Metal prices used for calculating the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension underground NSR are as follows:$3.01/lb copper, at $3.01/lb;$1,250.00/oz gold, at $1,250/oz; and silver at $20.37/oz allsilver, based on long-term metal price forecasts at the beginning of the mineral reserve work.  The analysis indicates that the mineral reserve is still valid at these metal prices.forecasts.

·

The NSR has been calculated with assumptions specific to Hugo North Extension for smelter refining and treatment charges, deductions and payment terms, concentrate transport, metallurgical recoveries and royalties.

·The block cave shell was defined using a

A footprintcut-off of $46.00/t NSR cut-offand column heightshut-off of $15/$17.00/t NSR.NSR were used to maintain grade and productive capacity. It is anticipated that further mine planning will examine lower shut-offs scenarios.

Mineral Reserve Statement

Mineral reserves for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 were estimated by OTLLC personnel during 2014, reviewed by OTLLC as part of the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study, and summarized in the 2016 OTLLC Competent Person’s Annual Report (OTLLC, 2016g).

Wood has reviewed the estimate and notes that there has been no depletion or additional drilling or engineering that would affect the mineral reserve estimate for the Hugo North Extension Lift 1, and therefore the effective date of the mineral reserve estimate is the date of finalization of Wood’s review, which is January 15, 2018.

The mineral reserves for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 are summarized in Table 5 below.

Factors that may affect the mineral reserve estimates include commodity market conditions and pricing; unknowns with respect to the overall interpretation of the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension geology, including faulting and lithology; assumptions related to the design and geotechnical behaviour of the cave mining system, including, but not limited to, the flow of material (ore and dilution) relative to the upward progression and lateral advance of the cave and assumptions of the long-term performance of the mine infrastructure (both support and production); and assumptions related to the metal recovery in the mill and downstream processing, including, but not limited to, metal recovery, mill throughput, contaminant elements (particularly arsenic and fluorine).

Table 5 – Mineral Reserves Statement, Hugo North Extension Lift 1

     
Classification  Tonnage (Mt)       Cu (%)       Au (g/t)       Ag (g/t)     
                      
     

Probable

   35        1.59        0.55        3.72     
     

Total Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

   35        1.59        0.55        3.72     

Notes to accompany mineral reserves table:

·1.

Mineral reserves were estimated by OTLLC personnel and reviewed by Wood and have an effective date of January 15, 2018.    

2.

For the underground block cave, all mineral resources within the shellcave outline have been converted to Probable mineral reserves. No Proven mineral reserves have been estimated. This includeslow-grade Indicated mineral resourcesresource, and Inferred mineral resource assigned zero grade that is treated as dilution.

3.

A footprintcut-off NSR of $46.00/t and column heightshut-off NSR of $17.00/t were used define the footprint and column heights. An average dilution entry point of 60% of the column height was used. The NSR calculation assumed metal prices of $3.01/lb copper, $1,250.00/oz gold, and $20.37/oz silver. The NSR was calculated with assumptions for smelter refining and treatment charges, deductions and payment terms, concentrate transport, metallurgical recoveries, and royalties using base data template 31. Metallurgical assumptions in the NSR include recoveries of 90.6% for copper, 82.3% for gold, and 87.3% for silver.

4.

Mineral resources whichare reported on a 100% basis. OTLLC has a participating interest of 80%, and Entrée has a participating interest of 20%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the participating interest of OTLLC is 70% and the participating interest of Entrée is 30%.

5.

Figures have been assigned a zero graderounded as required by reporting guidelines and treated as dilution.may result in apparent summation differences.

·Only Indicated resources were used to report Probable reserves.
·The base case financial analysis has been prepared using the following current long-term metal price estimates: copper at $3.08/lb; gold at $1,304/oz; and silver at $21.46/oz.
·The mineral reserves reported above are not additive to the mineral resources.
The reserve was prepared by OreWin. Mineral reserves are classified in accordance with the CIM Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves and prepared in accordance with NI 43-101.

Mining Methods

Oyu Tolgoi, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, hosts four main semi-contiguous, surface and underground porphyry copper–gold deposits (Hugo North, Hugo South, SOT, and Heruga – from north to south) along a 12 kilometre north-north‑east trending belt. The Oyu Tolgoi trend is still open to the north and south and the deposits have not been closed off at depth. Mineral reserves and resources estimated on these deposits form the basis of future project development. The deposits are located both on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and on the adjacent Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, but the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV deposits will be developed, operated and processed by OTLLC under the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. This provides the operator with flexibility in studying alternative paths for mine development to match future economic conditions and actual mine performance.
Underground mining at Oyu Tolgoi, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, is planned to be by panel caving which is a variation of block caving.

The weak, massive nature of the Hugo North and North/Hugo North Extension depositsdeposit and theirthe location between 700 metresm and 1,400 metresm below surface make themit well suited, both geotechnically and economically, to the large-scale caving method of underground mining.cave mining methods. Caving requires amethods require large, early capital investment but isare generally highly productive and haswith relatively low operating costs. The mining areas included in the Reserve Case are shown schematically in Figure 7.

The mine design consists of 203 kilometres of lateral development, five shafts, and two decline tunnels from surface. Five shafts are required to provide access for mining personnel and equipment, for production, and for intake and exhaust ventilation-ways. The primary LOM material handling system will transport material to surface by a series of conveyors. An overview of Lift 1 development is shown in Figure 8. The underground mine will operate at a nominal 95 ktpd.
The long operating life of the mine supportsis supportive of the initial capital investment.investment and results in a very low total cost on a production basis.

Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, which has high copper and gold grades, will be mined as three panels. A panel is a defined contiguous portion of the overall cave dimensions are summarised in Table 17.

footprint that is treated as a86more-or-less

Table 17 – independent and sequenced mining/production area. The Hugo North (including Extension area is located at the northern portion of Panel 1.

Production will ramp up to an average of 95,000 t/d of ore to the mill during the planned peak production period for the combined Hugo North/Hugo North Extension) Cave Dimensions

 
Cave
 
 
Extraction Level
 
 
Length
(m)
 
 
Width
(m)
 
 
Height
(m)
 
 
Above Sea Level (m)
 
 
Below Surface (m)
 
 
Lift 1
 
 
-100
 
 
1,270
 
 
2,000
 
 
280
 
 
600
 
Figure 7 – LHTR16 Reserve Case Mining Areas
Figure by OreWin 2014.
87

Figure 8 – LHTR16 Extension Lift 1 from 2027 through 2035. Overall production from the combined Hugo North/Hugo North (IncludingExtension Lift 1 is planned to ramp down from 2035 to completion in 2039. During the production life of the Hugo North Extension)Extension portion of Lift 1, Mine Design
Modified from OTLLC 2014 figure bythepre-production period is planned to begin in 2021 with the first drawbell in 2026, and production is to be completed in 2034.

The majority of the mine infrastructure required to support the successful extraction of the mineral reserves within the Entrée 2016.

Metallurgy and Process
A substantial amount of metallurgical test work has been conducted ate/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property will be located within the Oyu Tolgoi project,mining licence; however, the mining method is consistent across both Hugo North Lift 1 and Hugo North Extension Lift 1. The primarylife-of-mine material handling system (conveyor to surface) will transport ore to the surface by means of a series of conveyors.

To support overall mining of Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, five shafts, approximately 203 km of lateral development, 6.8 km of vertical raising (raisebore and drop-raise) and 137,000 m3 of mass excavations will be undertaken. The Lift 1 levels are approximately 1,300 m below surface. Of the 2,231 drawpoints planned for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 and accessed from 52 extraction drifts, 238 drawpoints are located within the Hugo North Extension area. For Hugo North Extension portion of Lift 1, approximately 15.4 km of lateral development and approximately 781 m of vertical raising will be required.

From the geotechnical perspective, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension is considered highly suitable for cave mining methods, and the risks associated with caveability and propagation are considered to be low. Fine fragmentation is expected with all geotechnical domains, thus secondary breakage requirements are not expected to pose a risk to the production scheduleramp-up or full production rates. The Hugo North Extension portion of Lift 1 is anticipated to have a higher proportion of ‘Good’ ground conditions relative to Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 as a whole. The costing of the underground has used a 60% Good ground and 40% Poor ground assumption as a more conservative estimate of ground control costs. The mine shafts and permanent infrastructure are all planned to be located outside of, or under, the predicted facture limits and “subsidence cone”.

The mining layout will include:

Apex and undercut levels to provide access drifts for production drills, blasting and mucking for the purpose of undercutting the ore deposit on the associated lift. The undercut drifts are planned to be spaced on 28 m intervals, situated 17 m above andhalf-way between the extraction drifts. The apex drifts will be situated 34 m above the extraction drifts at the top of the major apex pillars.

Extraction drifts and drawbells for efficient load-haul-dump (“LHD”) operation to draw ore from the associated drawpoints, using an El Teniente-style (straight-through) drawbell layout on a 15 m spacing. The extraction drifts are planned to be spaced 28 m apart, on centre. The overall drawbell spacing layout is 28 m x 15 m. Within the drawbells, a drawcone centroid spacing of 10 m is used to promote interactive draw from the cave.

Haulage levels to collect development and production ore material from the extraction and undercut levels, and transport it, using road trains, to crushers for size reduction. The haulage level will be located 44 m below the extraction level.

Intake ventilation system to provide fresh air to the mining footprint levels, main travel ways, mine working areas and to underground fixed facilities. Fresh air to the footprint levels is planned to be supplied through two sets of twin intake tunnels to the extraction fringe (perimeter) drifts.

Exhaust ventilation system to remove vitiated air from the mine. Exhaust drifts in the exhaust level will run the length of the deposit along the centre of the deposit axis.

Road trains will haul from the loading chutes to the primary crushers on the west side of the mining footprint. Crushed material will be transferred by a series of conveyors directly to the surface or to the Shaft 2 hoisting system. Shaft 2 is intended to serve as the initial material handling route to surface until theconveyor-to-surface is commissioned.

Overall vertical development will include shaft development, ore/waste passes and ventilation raises. With the exception of the shafts, vertical development is planned to use several methods, including raise bore, boxhole, and drop-raise.

The underground mine requires a number of surface facilities to support the underground operations. At Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 these include: Shaft 1 area, production shaft farm, Shaft 4 area, andconveyor-to-surface portal area. For the purposes of the 2018 Technical Report, Shaft 4 was anticipated to be sunk on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, to a depth below surface of 1,149 m. To reach the Hugo North Lift 1 exhaust gallery, approximately 1,020 m of lateral development will be required on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. A batch plant may also be constructed within the property area.

The latest work has focused on verifying assumptions made during design with actual operation experience gainedunderground mobile equipment fleet is classified into seven broad categories, including: mucking (LHDs); haulage (road trains and articulated haul trucks); drilling (jumbos, production drills and bolting equipment); raise bore and boxhole; utilities and underground support (flatbeds, boom trucks, fuel and lube trucks, explosive carriers, shotcrete transmixers and sprayers, etc.); surface support; and light vehicles (personnel transports, “jeeps”, tractors, etc.).

Major fixed equipment will include: material handling (crushing and conveying); fans and ventilation equipment; pumping and water handling equipment; power distribution equipment; data and communications equipment; and maintenance equipment (fixed shop furnishing).

The overall processing schedule was balanced to meet the available mill hours. The forecast production schedule for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 is included in Figure 3.

Figure 3 – Hugo North Extension Lift 1 – Underground Material Movement and Average Grade

LOGO

Note:

Figure prepared by Wood, 2017. Hugo North EJV refers to Hugo North Extension Lift 1 within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Year 6 = 2021.

Recovery Methods

Entrée’s share of products will, unless Entrée otherwise agrees, be processed at the OTLLC facilities by paying milling and smelting charges. The OTLLC facilities are not intended to be profit centres and therefore, minerals from the startEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property will be processed at cost. OTLLC will also make the OTLLC facilities available to Entrée at the same terms if spare processing capacity exists to process other suitable mill feed.

The Phase 1 concentrator was commissioned in early 2013. The nameplate processing capacity of commissioning the concentrator. In addition, further flotation variability tests have been conducted on Hugo North, Central zone, and blends of Southwest zone and Hugo North mineralization.

On completion of the variability flotation test work on the individual deposits a series of locked cycle tests were conducted on further composites representing chronological blends of ore planned to feed the mill96 kt/d was achieved in the mine plan.
Oyu TolgoiAugust 2013. The process plant employs a conventional SAG mill / mill/ball mill / mill/grinding circuit (SABC)(“SABC”) followed by flotation, as shown in the basic flowsheet (Figure 9 below).  OTLLC's open pit and concentrator, which commenced production in 2013,flotation.

Phase 1 uses two grinding lines (Lines 1 and 2), each consisting of a SAG mill, two parallel ball mills, and associated downstream equipment to treat up to 100 ktpdkt/d of ore from the Oyut open pit. Operating data have been used in Phase 2 design, which addresses the delivery of Hugo North/Hugo North Extension underground plant feed fromvia Lift 1 in conjunction with open pit mining.

The intent of Phase 2 is to treat all the SOT Southwest Zone pit.

Combined with high-value Hugo North/Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) underground production, concentrator feed rates will be as high as 121 ktpd, which representsExtension Lift 1 ore delivered by the tailings handlingmine, supplemented by OTLLC’s open pit ore to fill the mill to its capacity of the plant.limit. The Phase 2 (Lift 1) concentrator development program optimiseswill optimize the concentrator circuit to enable it to maximise recovery from the higher grade Lift 1 plant feed. The Phase 2 concentrator expansion will include:
·The addition of a fifth ball mill to achieve a finer primary grind P80 of 150–160 µm for a blend of Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) and open pit feeds, compared to 180 µm for SOT Southwest Zone.
·Additional roughing and cleaner column flotation capacity to process the higher level of concentrate production when processing the higher grade Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) plant feed.
·Additional concentrate dewatering and bagging capacity.
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Figure 9 – Basic Oyu Tolgoi Flowsheet (Phase 1)
Figure by OTLLC 2014.
Project Infrastructure and Power
The Oyu Tolgoi project now has an established base set of infrastructure. A site plan showing the key infrastructure and locations of the plant and mines is shown in Figure 10 below. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV's higher-grade Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 mining areaore and to allow it to handle higher tonnage throughput. Components that require upgrading to accommodate the gradual introduction of ore from underground include: the ball mill; rougher flotation circuit; flotation columns; concentrate filtration, thickening, and bagging areas; and bagged storage facilities.

Reagents and media required will include lime, primary collector, secondary collector, frother, tailings flocculant, water treatment chemicals, and grinding media. With the addition of the concentrator conversion loads, the peak operating load demand from the existing 220 kV concentrator substation will increase by an estimated 20 MW (from116-136 MW), and the nominal operating (diversified) load will increase by an estimated 19 MW (from106-125 MW). The concentrator raw water demand varies seasonally. Annual average raw water demand is immediately northprojected to be 0.45 m3/t ore processed.

Project Infrastructure

Infrastructure required for Phase 1 of the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence.

In LHTR16, powerproject has been assumedcompleted, and includes: access roads, airport, accommodation, open pit and quarries, tailings and waste rock storage facilities, process plant, batch plants, administration, warehousing, emergency, and maintenance facilities, power and water supply and related distribution infrastructure, water and waste management infrastructure, heating and fuel storage.

Additional infrastructure that will be required to be purchased fromsupport Phase 2, or modifications to the Phase 1 infrastructure, includes: construction of conveyor decline and shafts; construction of permanent underground facilities including crushing and materials handling, workshops, services, and related infrastructure; concentrator conversion; modifications to the electrical shaft farm substation, and upgrades to some of the distribution systems; expanded logistical and accommodations infrastructure; underground maintenance and fuel storage facilities; expanded water supply and distribution infrastructure; and expanded tailings storage (“TSF”) capacity.

OTLLC has a Mongolian supplier. Onpower purchase agreement with the Inner Mongolia Power Corporation to supply power to the Oyu Tolgoi project. The term of this agreement covers the commissioning of the business, plus the initial four years of commercial operations. In August 14, 2014, Turquoise Hill announced that OTLLC had signed a Power Sector Cooperation Agreementthe PSCA with the Government of Mongolia which provides for an open, international tender processthe exploration of a Tavan Tolgoi-based independent power provider. Participation in the PSCA met OTLLC’s obligation in the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement to identify and selectestablish a long-term power supply within Mongolia four years from the commencement of commercial production. Signing of the PSCA reset the four years obligation while the opportunity for the establishment of an independent power provider to privately fund, construct, own and operate a power plant to supply electricity, with the Oyu Tolgoi project (including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property) as the primary customer.

In May 2015, as part of the Mine Plan, OTLLC committed to providing working assumptions for a financing plan towards supporting a long‑term power agreement with aat Tavan Tolgoi power station.
89

Figure 10 – Site Plan
Figure by OreWin 2016.
Transport and Logistics
Concentrate and supplies are currently transported along a 105 kilometre road that has been constructed to the Mongolian-Chinese border crossing at Gashuun Sukhait. The Government of Mongolia has committed to providing OTLLC with non-discriminatory access to any railway constructed between Mongolia and China. The Government of Mongolia is currently supporting construction of a standard gauge single-track heavy-haul rail from the Tavan Tolgoi coal mine (approximately 120 kilometres to the north-west of the Lookout Hill property) to Gashuun Sukhait (Figure 11 below), ultimately to be interconnected with the Chinese rail network at Ganqimaodao on the Chinese side of the border. Once constructed, the South Gobi Rail alignment would pass across the Javhlant mining licence and therefore represents an opportunity for eventual connection of the Oyu Tolgoi project to the rail network. Rail line construction is currently suspended but could be completed by 2018 if financing is secured.
90

Figure 11 – Oyu Tolgoi Regional Road and Rail
Figure by Entrée 2016.
Concentrate Sales and Marketing
Concentrate is sold in-bond free-on-board at a bonded yard on the Chinese side of the border in Ganqimaodao (Figure 11 above). Sales contracts were signed for 100% of Oyu Tolgoi's 2015 concentrate production and 90% of 2016 planned production; over 80% of concentrate production has been contracted for up to eight years.
OTLLC's analysis of the copper market indicates long-term dynamics for copper will be driven by a combination of factors. Significant increases are forecast in copper consumption per capita, owing particularly to the industrialisation and urbanisation of China and other emerging markets. A back-drop of strong long‑term copper demand and constrained supply is expected to offer fundamental support to copper prices. In recent years, supply has failed to respond quickly enough to increased demand from emerging regions. Global electrification and the growth of China and India will drive the increasing intensity of use per capita gross domestic product (GDP).
Copper demand will also benefit from a greater long-term focus on renewable sources of energy and energy-efficient technologies such as wind turbines and electric / hybrid vehicles, which are of copper-intensive fabrication.
was studied.

Environmental, StudiesPermitting and Social Impact Assessment

Considerations

Environmental Considerations

OTLLC has completed a comprehensive Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ("ESIA"(“ESIA”) for the Oyu Tolgoi project, including the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The ESIA undertaken as partis a summary of several research programs and reports, including the project finance process was publically disclosed in August 2012following baseline studies: climate and identifiesclimate change; air quality; noise and assesses the potential environmentalvibration; topography, geology, and social impacts of the project, including cumulative impacts, focusing on key areas such astopsoil; water resources; biodiversity water resources,and ecosystems; population and demographics; employment and livelihoods; land use; transport and infrastructure; archaeology; cultural heritage,heritage; and resettlement.

91

community health, safety, and security. The ESIA also sets out measures through all project phases to avoid, minimise, mitigate, and manage potential adverse impacts to acceptable levels established by Mongolian regulatory requirements and good international industry practice, as defined by the requirements of the Equator Principles, and the standards and policies of the International Finance Corporation ("IFC"(“IFC”), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ("EBRD"(“EBRD”), and other financing institutions.

OT LLC

In addition to the project elements identified above, certain other activities and facilities are expected to be developed over time, either as part of or in support of the project, that do not constitute part of the project for the purposes of the ESIA. These include project expansion to support an increase in plant feed throughput from 100,000 t/d to 160,000 t/d and the long-term power supply. While the impacts of these project elements, and their mitigation and management, are not directly addressed in the ESIA they are considered in the cumulative impact assessment of the ESIA.

OTLLC has posted environmental bonds to the Mongolian Ministry of Environment, Green Development and Tourism (“MEGDT”) in accordance with the Minerals Law of Mongolia for restoration and environmental management work required for exploration and the limited development work undertaken at the site.

OTLLC has implemented and audited an environmental management system ("EMS"(“EMS”) that conforms to the requirements of ISO 14001:2004.

The management plans developed for the Oyu Tolgoi project address the management of health, safety, environment, and social aspects associated with the project. The management plans form part of the mine’s Integrated Health, Safety, Environment and Community Management System (“HSECMS”). The HSECMS has been audited and is certified to ISO 14001 : 2004.

and OHSAS 18001.

Tailings Storage Facility

The EMSexisting TSF is located 2 km east of the Oyut open pit, about 5 km southeast of the process plant, and within the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence. Conventional thickened tailings are currently deposited.

For the first 18 years of production, the TSF will consist of two cells, each approximately 4 km2 in size, to store a total of 670 Mt of tailings. The facility will be constructed in two stages, starting with Cell 1 and then continuing with Cell 2. Conventional thickened tailings are currently deposited in Cell 1.

The TSF receives thickened (60% to 64% solids density) tailings from the tailings thickeners at the Oyu Tolgoi concentrator. A floating barge pump station returns all supernatant reclaim water to the main process water pond at the concentrator for reuse. The TSF embankment is raised each year using a downstream methodology to ensure that sufficient storage capacity for ongoing tailings deposition, with flood storage and freeboard, is retained at all times.

Water Management

The Gunii Hooloi basin extends 35 km to 70 km north of the Oyu Tolgoi site, and is the source of raw water for the mining operations. Water demand for the Oyu Tolgoi facilities has been calculated at between 588 L/s and 785 L/s, with an average yearly demand of 696 L/s, to meet a production rate of 100,000 t/d. The Gunii Hooloi aquifer can meet the mine water requirements. Updated hydrogeological modelling, completed in 2013, demonstrates that the Gunii Hooloi aquifer is capable of providing 1,475 L/s.

Water management and conservation were given the highest priority in all aspects of the Oyu Tolgoi project design. The current water budget is based on the use of 550 L/s and operating performance of the concentrator suggests this is a reasonable estimate. The water consumption compares favourably with other large operations in similar arid conditions.

Due to its proximity to the Oyut open pit, the Undai River has been diverted. The river diversion system consists of detailed plans to control the environmentalthree components: a dam, diversion channel, and social management aspectssubsurface diversion.

Closure and Reclamation Planning

Current closure planning is based on a combination of all project activities following the commencement of commercial production from the OTLLC open pit in 2013.progressive rehabilitation and closure planning. The Oyu Tolgoi ESIA builds upon an extensive bodyMine Closure Plan for OTLLC was completed in June 2012, updated in 2014, and is based on the design status at that time.

Permitting Considerations

The Minerals Law of studiesMongolia (2006) and reports,Mongolian Land Law (2002) govern exploration, mining, and Detailed Environmental Impact Assessments ("DEIAs") that have been preparedland use rights for project design and development purposes, and for Mongolian approvals under the following laws:

·The Environmental Protection Law (1995);
·The Law on Environmental Impact Assessment (1998, amended in 2001); and
·The Minerals Law (2006).
Initial studies, reports, and DEIAs were prepared over a six-year period between 2002 and 2008, primarilyOyu Tolgoi project. Water rights are governed by the Mongolian company Eco-Trade LLC, with input from Aquaterra Consulting Pty Ltd., now RPS Group Plc on water issues.
The original DEIAs were in accordance with Mongolian standardsWater Law and while they incorporated World Bankthe Minerals Law. OTLLC has studied and IFC guidelines, they were not intendedcontinues to comprehensively address overarching IFC policies such asstudy the IFC Policy on Social and Environmental Sustainability, or the EBRD Environmental and Social Policy.
Following submissionpermitting and approval requirements for the development of the initial DEIAs,Oyu Tolgoi project including the GovernmentEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, and maintains a permit and licencing register. OTLLC personnel, working with the Mongolian authorities, have developed descriptions of Mongolia requestedthe permitting processes and procedures for the Oyu Tolgoi project, including the underground development of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. OTLLC has stated that OTLLC prepare an updated, comprehensive ESIA whereby the discussion of impacts and mitigation measures was project-wide and based on the latest project design. The ESIA was also to address social issues, meet Government of Mongolia (legal) requirements, and comply with current IFC good practice.
For the ESIA, the baseline information from the original DEIAs was updated with recent monitoring and survey data. In addition, apermits have been obtained for underground mining.

Social Considerations

A social analysis was completed through the commissioning of a Socio-Economic Baseline Study and the preparation of a Social Impact Assessment ("SIA"(“SIA”) for the Oyu Tolgoi project.

The requested ESIA, completed in 2012, combinescumulative impact assessment examined geographical areas, communities, and regional stakeholders that could be subject to cumulative impacts from further developments at Oyu Tolgoi together with other existing or planned projects, trends, and developments within the DEIAs, the project SIA,South Gobi region.

Community and other studiessocial management plans, procedures and activities thatstrategies have been prepareddeveloped. The surrounding community (predominantly herders) and undertaken bylocal government are kept fully informed about mine developments and provide input and review of implementation of plans, procedures and strategies that directly affect them.

Markets and Contracts

Commodity pricing is based on pricing from the Turquoise Hill’s October 2016 Technical Report titled “2016 Oyu Tolgoi Technical Report”, which uses the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study as a basis, and which in turn is based on reviews of long-term consensus estimates reported in public reports.

OTLLC has developed a marketing strategy for OTLLC.

Capital and Operating Costs
the Oyu Tolgoi project, including their portion of the mineralization within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Under the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV,JVA (Article 12), Entrée retains the right to take the product in kind. For the purposes of the 2018 Technical Report, it has been assumed that Entrée takes control of its portion of the bagged concentrate and that the sales of concentrate will use the same approximate smelter terms, transport and other marketing costs as for the OTLLC concentrate.

Wood did not review contracts, pricing studies, or smelter terms developed by OTLLC or its third-party consultants as these were considered by OTLLC to be confidential to OTLLC. Instead, Wood relied on summary pricing and smelting information provided by OTLLC within the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study and OTLLC’s BDT31. Based on the review of this summary information, the OTLLC smelter terms are similar to smelter terms that Wood is responsiblefamiliar with, and the metal pricing is in line with Wood’s assessment of industry-consensus long-term pricing estimates.

Capital Cost Estimates

Phase 2 capital cost and sustaining cost estimates were prepared as separate and independent estimates. The overall Phase 2 capital cost and sustaining cost estimates are from the Phase 2 estimates in the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study.    

The capital cost estimate represents the overall development for 80%the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 underground mine, supporting shafts, the concentrator conversion project, and the infrastructure expansion project. The capital estimate also includes the costs associated with the engineering, procurement and construction management (“EPCM”) and owner’s project costs. Costs include value-added tax (“VAT”) and duties. The overall estimated capital cost to design, procure, construct, and commission the complete expansion, inclusive of allan underground block cave mine, supporting shafts, concentrator conversion, and supporting infrastructure expansion, is $5.093 billion. Table 6 provides a summary of the overall capital cost estimate.

Sustaining capital costs that are incurredwere estimated for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 in the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study for tailings, processing and underground mining, and infrastructure/other. Table 7 provides the overall sustaining capital cost estimate for each area on adollar-per-tonne processed basis.

Wood reviewed the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study overall capital and sustaining capital cost estimates, and then apportioned the estimates between the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property for the benefit ofand derived Entrée’s 20% attributable portion based on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, including capital expenditures, and Entrée is responsible for the remaining 20%, other than with respect to costs relating to construction or operation of mill, smelter and other processing facilities, the treatment of which is described below. Under the termsJVA. The resulting attributable portions of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, Entrée has elected to have OTLLC debt finance Entrée's share of costs for approved programs and budgets, with interest accruing at OTLLC's actualcapital cost/sustaining capital cost of capital or prime +2%, whichever is less, at the date of the advance. Debt repayment may be madeestimates are discussed below in whole or in part from (and only from) 90% of monthly available cash flow arising from the sale of Entrée's share of products. Available cash flow means all net proceeds of sale of Entrée's share of products in a month less Entrée's share of costs of Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV activities for the month that are operating costs under Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.

Under the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, any mill, smelter and other processing facilities and related infrastructure will be owned exclusively by OTLLC and not by Entrée.  All costs relating to construction or operation of mill, smelter and other processing facilities are solely for the account of OTLLC, with Entrée paying milling and smelting charges at cost (using industry standards for calculation of cost including an amortization of capital costs). The amortization allowance for capital costs will be calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles determined yearly based“Item 4. Information on the estimated quantity of minerals to be processed for Entrée's account during that year relative to the total design capacity of the processing facilities over their useful life.
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The average operating costs for the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV are shown in Table 18.
Table 18Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Average OperatingProject, Mongolia – Economic Analysis – 2018 Reserve Case”.

Table 6 – Overall Capital Cost Estimate Summary

 

 
  $ Millions  Total   2016   2017   2018   2019   2020   2021   2022 

 

 

 

 

  Concentrator expansion

   145                29.2    62.6    53.0     

  Mine Shaft #2

   194    31.7    85.5    46.9    30.2             

  Mine Shaft #3

   209        9.7    46.3    69.8    66.8    16.8     

  Mine Shaft #4

   246        6.0    75.5    66.6    80.3    17.1     

  Mine Shaft #5

   63    11.4    28.2    23.2                 

  Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift #1 U/G construction

   1,730    159.0    358.1    428.0    440.9    224.3    97.3    22.2 

  Infrastructure and CHP

   404    50.1    93.5    76.8    70.1    78.6    33.8    1.5 

  Misc Indirects

   902    44.1    159.6    191.0    224.3    171.5    84.7    26.6 

  Detailed engineering

   79    28.0    22.9    21.5    1.9    2.5    1.3    0.6 

  PMC / EPCM

   295    35.1    57.4    62.8    58.7    45.9    28.4    6.5 

  Owners PM

   501    71.9    53.1    98.9    88.5    98.7    54.6    34.9 

  Total expansion capital cost

  (excluding VAT and duty and cont.)

   4,767    431.3    874.0    1,070.9    1,080.3    831.2    387.1    92.4 

  VAT and duties

   326    27.2    70.2    71.5    60.1    64.2    29.1    3.5 

 

 

  Expansion capital costs total expansion capital cost (including VAT and Duty and Cont.)

   5,093    458.5    944.2    1,142.4    1,140.4    895.3    416.2    95.8 

 

 

Notes:

Description
1.
Unit
Total
Average Operating Cost
$/t Processed
34.56
Note:  Includes mining and process assets depreciation and administration charge.
The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV capital expenditure including expansion and sustaining capital is shown in Table 19. The concentrator capital cost is applied proportionally by the total tonnes processed as a depreciation charge to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
Table 19 – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Capital Expenditure
DescriptionUnitTotal
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Shaft 4$M18

The overall capital cost estimate presented is for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 11.

2.$M

Capital costs include only direct project costs and exclude interest expense, capitalized interest, debt repayments, taxpre-payments and forex adjustments.

3.417

The 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study total capital cost above includes capital costs for the year 2016.

4.

Misc = miscellaneous, UG = underground, CHP = central heating plant, PMC = project management and construction, EPCM = engineering, procurement and construction management, EPMC = engineering project management and construction, PM = project management, VAT = value-added tax, cont. = contingency.

Table 7 – Overall Sustaining Capital Cost Estimate

Total

  DescriptionUnitValue  

  Tailings storage facility construction

$M/t processed4350.91  

  Concentrator

$/t processed0.12  

  Underground mining

$/t processed6.69  

  Infrastructure

$/t processed0.18  

  Total

$/t processed7.90  

Note:  Capital includes only direct project

    1.

The overall sustaining capital cost estimate presented is for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

Operating Cost Estimates

The overall operating costs are based on a mine plan that consists of both the Oyut open pit material and does not include non-cash shareholder interest, management payments, foreign exchange gains or losses, foreign exchange movements, tax pre-payments, or exploration phase expenditure. Capital expenditure includes expansion and sustaining costs. Entrée is responsible for 20% of reported Entrée/Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 underground ore in the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study. The Oyut open pit supplies the initial source of ore to the mill at a nominal capacity of 100 kt/d.

Once production from underground commences, the open pit feed to the mill is continually displaced by the higher-grade ore from Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1. Production of ore from Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 ramps up from 2020 until 2027 when it reaches a steady-state production level.

Feed from the underground mine is planned to commence from 2020 and then ramp up to the full underground design tonnage of 95 kt/d. The mill operating rate at that time will be a nominal 110 kt/d, due to the softer and higher processing throughput rate of the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 ore.

Operating costs for the concentrator and infrastructure represent a combined open pit and underground mining operation post-2015, assuming the Phase 2 underground operation is undertaken in conjunction with open pit mining.

The overall operating cost estimates includes all expenses to operate and maintain the Oyu Tolgoi plant plus the sustaining capital expenditures,required to keep the plant running at its design capacity. Escalation is excluded from the operating costs per Rio Tinto guidelines. No cost of financing is included. No royalties or approximately $87M.

joint venture fees are included. Power has been treated as a purchased utility from a third-party provider.

Table 8 provides a summary of the overall operating cost estimate. The operating costs for the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, and Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the operating cost estimate, is discussed below in “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Economic Analysis – 2018 Reserve Case”.

Table 8 – Overall Phase 2 Operating Cost Estimate Summary

  DescriptionUnitValue  

  Mining

$/t processed  6.19

  Processing

$/t processed  8.41

  Infrastructure

$/t processed  2.04

  Total

$/t processed16.64

    Note:

    1.

The overall operating cost estimate presented is for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

Economic Analysis – 2018 Reserve Case

The results of the economic analyses discussed below and in “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Preliminary Economic Analysis – Economic Analysis – 2018 PEA” constitute forward-looking statements that are based on Entrée’s expectations about future events as at the date that such statements were prepared. The statements are not a guarantee of Entrée’s future performance, and they are based on numerous assumptions and are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties which are more fully described under the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors” sections in this Annual Report. There can be no assurance that such forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements.

The cash flows are based on data provided by OTLLC, including mining schedules and annual capital and operating cost estimates, as well as Entrée’s interpretation of the commercial terms applicable to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, and certain assumptions regarding taxes and royalties. The cash flows have not been reviewed or endorsed by OTLLC. There can be no assurance that OTLLC or its shareholders will not interpret certain terms or conditions or attempt to renegotiate some or all of the material terms governing the joint venture relationship, in a manner which could have an adverse effect on Entrée’s future cash flow and financial condition.

The cash flows also assume that Entrée will ultimately have the benefit of the standard royalty rate of 5% of sales value, payable by OTLLC under the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. Unless and until Entrée finalizes agreements with the Government of Mongolia or other Oyu Tolgoi stakeholders, there can be no assurance that the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV will not be subject to additional taxes and royalties, such as the surtax royalty which came into effect in Mongolia on January 1, 2011, which could have an adverse effect on Entrée’s future cash flow and financial condition. In the course of finalizing such agreements, Entrée may have to make certain concessions, including with respect to the economic benefit of Entrée’s interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, Entrée’s direct or indirect participating interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV or the application of a special royalty (not to exceed 5%) to Entrée’s share of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineralization or otherwise.

Wood apportioned the overall capital and sustaining capital costs for Phase 2 of the Oyu Tolgoi project according to Entrée’s interpretation of the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA for use in the economic assessment. This interpretation includes:

OTLLC is responsible for 80% of all capital expenditures incurred on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property for the benefit of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV and Entrée is responsible for the remaining 20%.

Any mill, smelter and other processing facilities and related infrastructure will be owned exclusively by OTLLC and not by Entrée. Mill feed from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property will be transported to the concentrator and processed at cost (using industry standards for calculation of cost including an amortization of capital costs).

Underground infrastructure on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence is also owned exclusively by OTLLC, although the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV will eventually share usage once underground development crosses onto the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Entrée recognizes those capital costs incurred by OTLLC on the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence (facilities and underground infrastructure) as an amortization charge for capital costs that will be calculated in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles determined yearly based on the estimated tonnes of concentrate produced for Entrée’s account during that year relative to the estimated totallife-of-mine concentrate to be produced (for processing facilities and related infrastructure), or the estimated totallife-of-mine tonnes to be milled from the relevant deposit(s) (in the case of underground infrastructure). The charge is made to Entrée’s operating account when the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV mine production is actually milled.

For direct capital cost expenditures on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, Entrée will recognize its proportionate share of costs at the time of actual expenditure.

Entrée has elected to have OTLLC debt finance Entrée’s share of costs for approved programs and budgets, with interest accruing at OTLLC’s actual cost of capital or prime +2%, whichever is less, at the date of the advance. Debt repayment may be made in whole or in part from (and only from) 90% of monthly available cash flow arising from the sale of Entrée’s share of products. Available cash flow means all net proceeds of sale of Entrée’s share of products in a month less Entrée’s share of costs of Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV activities for the month that are operating costs under Canadian generally-accepted accounting principles.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property total capital and sustaining capital cost is estimated at $261.7 million. The total amortized capital cost is estimated at $395.7 million.

Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the Hugo North Extension Lift 1 development/sustaining and amortized capital cost is $52.3 million and $79.1 million respectively.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property total operating costs average $37.08/t processed, and are inclusive of the amortized capital, refining and smelting charges, and a 2% administrative fee.

Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the operating costs for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 on a per tonne milled basis averages $37.08 over the LOM.

Based on the above inputs, Wood completed an economic analysis for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property using bothpre-tax andafter-tax discounted cash flow analyses. The economic analysis was prepared using the following long-term metal price estimates: copper at $3.00/lb; gold at $1,300.00/oz and silver at $19.00/oz.

Entrée’s 20% attributable portion ofpre-tax cash flow is $382 million andafter-tax cash flow is $286 million. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion ofafter-tax cash flow using a discount rate of 8% (“NPV@8%”) is $111 million. A summary of the financial results is shown in Table 9. Internal rate of return (“IRR”) and payback are not presented, because, with 100% financing, neither is applicable.

Mine site cash costs, total cash costs (C1), andall-in sustaining costs are shown in Table 20.10 for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion. Cash costs are those costs relating to the direct operating costs of the mine site namely:

including:

·Mining
·Concentration
·Tailings
·Operational Support Costs
·Infrastructure
·Depreciation Charge
·Administration Fees
Table 20 – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Unit Operating Costs by Copper Production
Description
Unit
 
LOM Average

On site operating costs (direct mining, processing, and tailings).

 
Mine Site Cash Cost
$/lb Payable Copper
 
1.11

Capital carrying costs (amortization charge).

 
TC/RC, Royalties & Transport
$/lb Payable Copper
 
0.54

Administrative fees.

 
Total Cash Costs Before Credits
$/lb Payable Copper
 
1.66
Gold Credits
$/lb Payable Copper
0.60
Silver Credits
$/lb Payable Copper
0.06
Total Cash Costs After Credits
$/lb Payable Copper
0.99

Refining, smelting, and transportation costs.

Total cash costs (C1 costs) are the cash costs less by product credits for gold and silver.Note:All-in Includes mining and process assets depreciation and administration charge.

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Economic Analysis
The financial analysis has been prepared usingsustaining costs after credits are the following long-term metal price estimates: copper at $3.08/lb; gold at $1,304/oz and silver at $21.46/oz. A summary of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property production and financial results for the LHTR16 Reserve Case is shown in Table 21 below. The after-tax NPV8 attributable to Entrée for the LHTR16 Reserve Case is $106 M.
The NSR calculation reflects the net value received for the ore by the mine (after alltotal cash costs plus mineral royalties, reclamation accrual costs, and charges). An NSR has been calculated on a US Dollar per tonne basis for each of the mineral reserve areas in the Oyu Tolgoi project. The Hugo North Extension has the highest NSR calculated for all the deposits at Oyu Tolgoi.
OTFS14 assumed that the timing for the restart of the underground mine would occur at the commencement of 2015. Despite the fact that this did not occur, the economic analysis of the mineral reserve remains valid and the costs and revenues are delayed by the same timing.  Based on Turquoise Hill's expectation that underground development will restart in mid‑2016, the discounted cash flow has been calculated assuming Year 1 is 2016. A summary of the Entrée financial results-discount rate sensitivity for the LHTR16 Reserve Case is shown in sustaining capital charges.

Table 22 below.

Table 219 Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Summary Production and Financial Results
for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion (basecase is bolded)

Description
Units
Total
Total Mineral Reserve Inventory (entire Lift 1 and SOT)

Total Processed – OTLLC & EntréUnitsValue

  LOM processed material (Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property)

billion t1.5
Metal Prices
Copper$/lb3.08

  Probable mineral reserve feed

34.8 Mt grading 1.59% Cu, 0.55 g/t Au, 3.72 g/t Ag

(1.93% CuEq)

Gold$/oz1,304
Silver$/oz21.46

  Copper recovered

Mlb1,115

  Gold recovered

koz514

  Silver recovered

koz3,651

  Entrée’s 20% attributable portion financial results

  LOM cash flow,pre-tax

$M382

  NPV@5%,after-tax

$M157

  NPV@8%,after-tax

$M111

  NPV@10%,after-tax

$M89

Notes:

1.

Long-term metal prices used in the NPV economic analyses are: copper $3.00/lb, gold $1,300.00/oz and silver $19.00/oz.

2.

The mineral reserves within Hugo North Extension Lift 1 are reported on a 100% basis. OTLLC has a participating interest of 80%, and Entrée has a participating interest of 20%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property Results

ProcessedMt34.8
NSR$/t100.57
Cu Grade%1.59
Au Gradeg/t0.55
Ag Gradeg/t3.72
Copper RecoveredMlb1,121
Gold Recoveredkoz519
Silver Recoveredkoz3,591
Total Cash Costs After Credits$/lb Payable Copper0.99
NPV8% After Tax (Entrée’s 20%pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the participating interest only)$M106
NPV8% Before Tax (Entrée’s 20%of OTLLC is 70% and the participating interest only)$M142of Entrée is 30%.


Notes:

3.

Figures have been rounded.

Table 10 – Mine Cash andAll-in Sustaining Costs for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion

·Entrée has a 20% interest in Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property mineralization. Unless otherwise noted above, results are for the entire Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
·Metal prices used for calculating the Hugo North Extension underground NSR are as follows:  copper at $3.01/lb; gold at $1,250/oz; and silver at $20.37/oz, all based on long-term metal price forecasts at the beginning of the mineral reserve work. The analysis indicates that the mineral reserve is still valid at these metal prices.

·The NSR has been calculated with assumptions specific to Hugo North Extension for smelter refining and treatment charges, deductions and payment terms, concentrate transport, metallurgical recoveries and royalties.
  Description UnitLOM Average    
·The block cave shell was defined using a NSR cut-off of $15/t NSR.

94

·For the underground block cave, all mineral resources within the shell have been converted to mineral reserves.  This includes low-grade Indicated mineral resources and Inferred mineral resources, which have been assigned a zero grade and treated as dilution.

·Only Measured mineral resources were used to report Proven mineral reserves and only Indicated resources were used to report Probable reserves.
·The financial base case analysis has been prepared using the following current long term metal price estimates:

  Mine site cash cost

 $/lb payable copper at $3.08/lb; gold at $1,304/oz; and silver at $21.46/oz.0.95
·The mineral reserves reported are not additive to the mineral resources.

  TC/RC, royalties and transport

 $/lb payable copper0.29

  Total cash costs before credits

 $/lb payable copper1.25

  Gold credits

 $/lb payable copper0.62

  Silver credits

 $/lb payable copper

0.06

  Total cash costs after credits

 $/lb payable copper0.56

  Totalall-in sustaining costs after credits

$/lb payable copper1.03

Table 22

Note: TC/RC = treatment and refining charges.

Sensitivity AnalysisEntrée Financial Results – Discount Rate Sensitivity – LHTR162018 Reserve Case

Discount RateNet Present Value ($M) Entrée
Before-TaxAfter-Tax
Undiscounted 440 328
5.00% 215 160
6.00% 187 139
7.00% 163 121
8.00% 142 106
9.00% 124 93
10.00% 109 81
The

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV and OTLLC processing tonnagese’s 20% attributable portion was evaluated for sensitivity to variations in capital costs, operating costs, copper grade, and copper gold,price. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion is most sensitive to changes in copper price and silver metal productiongrade and less sensitive to changes in operating and capital costs.

Figure 4 is anafter-tax NPV sensitivity graph for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion. The copper grade sensitivity mirrors the LHTR16 Reserve Casecopper price and plots on the same line.

Figure 4 – After-Tax NPV@8% Sensitivity Analysis for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion

LOGO

Note: Figure prepared by Wood, 2018.

Preliminary Economic Assessment

Introduction

The PEA that follows is shown in Figures 12 to 15 below. The production shown isan alternative development option done at the total production fromconceptual level based on mineral resources, which assesses the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVinclusion of which 20% is attributable to Entrée. Total Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Lift 1 production is forecast to total 34.8 Mt. Underground development on Hugo North Extension is expected to start in 2021 and deposit production is expected to commence in 2027 and continue to 2034. Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Lift 1 production will reach a peak of 8.3 Mt in 2031.

LHTR16 Reserve Case concentrate and metal production are summarised in Figure 16 below.  Entrée's cash flows from the Reserve Case are shown in Figure 17 below.
95

Figure 12 – Processing by Source – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Note: Entrée has a 20% interest in ore extracted from "Hugo North EJV". "EJV" is the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
Figure 13 – Copper Production – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Note: Entrée has a 20% interest in ore extracted from"Hugo North EJV". "EJV" is the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
96

Figure 14 – Gold Production – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Note: Entrée has a 20% interest in ore extracted from"Hugo North EJV". "EJV" is the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
Figure 15 – Silver Production – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Note: Entrée has a 20% interest in ore extracted from"Hugo North EJV". "EJV" is the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
97

Figure 16 – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Concentrate and Metal Production – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Note: Entrée has a 20% interest in ore extracted from"EJV". "EJV" is the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.
Figure 17 – Entrée Cumulative Undiscounted Cash Flow – LHTR16 Reserve Case
Alternative Production Cases
Oyu Tolgoi is a very large project that includes four separate deposits. The long-term development of Oyu Tolgoi would involve the development of the resources on all deposits. Alternative production cases have been developed to provide early-stage analysis of the development flexibility that exists with respect to later phases of the Oyu Tolgoi project (Heruga, Hugo South, and Lift 2 of Hugo North including Hugh North Extension).
98

While it is outside of the scope of reserve reporting, as part of the long-term development strategy OTLLC continues to examine the alternative production cases to better define future work plans and prepare for investment decision points. The mine designs developed by OTLLC and considered in the alternative production cases are shown schematically in Figure 18 and include mineral reserves from the SOT deposits and Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) Lift 1, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources from Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) Lift 2 and Inferred Mineral Resources fromthe portion of the Heruga deposit within the Javhlant mining licence into an overall mine plan with Hugo South and Heruga.
North Extension Lift 1.

The mine designs noted above that are in the alternative production cases andplan is partly based on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property are:

·Hugo North Extension Lift 1 Block Cave(Reserves)
·Hugo North Extension Lift 2 Block Cave(Resources Indicated and Inferred)
·Heruga Block Cave(Resources Inferred)
Under NI 43-101 guidelines, Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would allowenable them to be categorisedcategorized as mineral reserves. Therereserves, and there is no certainty that the alternative production casesPEA based on these mineral resources will be realised.
Development of these deposits will require separate development decisionsrealized.

“Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Introduction” through to “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Mineral Resource Statement” and “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Recommendations” also apply to the 2018 PEA. Years presented in the future2018 PEA are for illustrative purposes only.

Mineral Resource Subset within the 2018 PEA Mine Plan

The 2018 PEA is based on the prevailing conditionssubset of mineral resources in Table 11. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

Table 11 – Subset of Mineral Resources within the 2018 PEA Mine Plan

 

   
 Classification by Deposit  

NSR

($/t)

   

Tonnage

(kt)

   Grades
CuEq
(%)
   Cu
(%)
   Au
(g/t)
   Ag
(g/t)
   Mo
(ppm)
    

 

   

 

   

 Hugo North Extension, Lift 1

 

              

 Indicated

   100.57    34,800    1.93    1.59    0.55    3.72    —     

 Hugo North Extension, Lift 2

 

              

 Indicated

   83.80    78,400    1.64    1.34    0.48    3.59    —     

 Inferred

   83.80    88,400    1.64    1.34    0.48    3.59    —     

 Heruga – Javhlant ML

 

              

 Inferred

   32.19    619,718    0.71    0.42    0.43    1.53    124   

 

   

Note: The tabulation was derived by Wood at a conceptual level from data supplied by OTLLC. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

Mine Plan

For planning purposes, the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study assumes that the overall underground production is capped at approximately 33 Mt/a for the foreseeable mine life, and that this cap is based on the development experience obtained from developing and operatingmill capacity; this capping assumption is used in the initial phases of Oyu Tolgoi.

Figure 19 shows an example2018 PEA.

Since the subset of the decision tree for the possible development options at Oyu Tolgoi, includingmineral resources within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. This has been updated to include options that take advantage of productivity improvements in plant throughput that have begunProperty is planned to be recognisedmined as part of an overall strategy for the mineralization within the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence combined with that in the process plant. Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, there are gaps in the planned production periods. Figure 5 shows the production forecast for the subset of the mineral resources within the 2018 PEA mine plan.

The decision tree shows options assuming that continuous improvementssubset of the mineral resource in plant productivity are achieved over the next five years. Then there would be key decision points for plant expansionmine plan is separated into three mining areas within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property: Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North Extension Lift 2, and the developmentportion of new mines atthe Heruga deposit within the Javhlant mining licence. The current level of knowledge regarding these areas suggests that panel cave mining is appropriate for all three areas.

Mineralized material delivery from Hugo North (includingExtension Lift 1 is anticipated to begin in 2021, when development commences within this area. Production from the cave is expected in 2026 when the first drawbelling occurs. Production is projected to occur for nine years (2026 to 2034) with a peak production (8.3 Mt/a) occurring in 2031.

The Hugo North Extension)mine planning and optimization indicated that the ideal elevation for the second lift (Lift 2) is approximately 400 m below Lift 1. The mine plan assumes that 723 drawpoints will be constructed between 2035 and 2046 in the Hugo North Extension Lift 2 area.

Figure 5 – 2018 PEA Production Forecast for the Subset of Mineral Resources within the 2018 PEA Mine Plan

LOGO

Note: Figure prepared by Wood, 2017. Abbreviations:HN1-EJV = Hugo South, and eventually Heruga. This provides an opportunity as OTLLC will haveNorth Extension Lift 1 within the benefit of incorporating actual performanceEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property;HN2-EJV = Hugo North Extension Lift 2 within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property;Heruga-EJV = Heruga within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Initial mill feed delivery from Hugo North Extension Lift 2 is assumed to begin in 2028 when development commences in the Hugo North Extension Lift 2 area. Production from Hugo North Extension Lift 2 is anticipated to begin in 2035 with the completion of the operating mine into the study before the next investment decisions are required. OTLLC plans to continue to evaluate alternative production cases in order to define the relative ranking and timing requirements for overall development options.

Figure 18 – Alternative Production Cases Mining Areas
99

Figure 19 – Oyu Tolgoi Project Development Options
first drawpoints. The initial production case, LOM 100, assumes that there is no expansion to the plant, and that Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) Lift 1 development is followed bypeak production from Hugo North (including Extension Lift 2 is expected to be approximately 41,500 t/d in 2046, and the average production rate (2028–2053) is planned at about 17,800 t/d. Access to the Lift 2 mining horizon will be by extension of the Lift 1 facilities, including extending the conveyor decline system for mineralized material and waste haulage, and providing a service decline for personnel, equipment and material. The main ventilation shafts would be extended down to the Lift 2 horizon. Given the overall similarities to Lift 1, the overall layout and support facilities will be, likewise, similar to Lift 1.

A 2014 study separated Heruga into a north and south zone for mine planning purposes, and assumed that these would be at separate elevations(-20 masl and-350 masl respectively). The 2018 Technical Report considers a total of 2,606 drawpoints to be included for both caves; of these 2,265 would be within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, while the remainder would be within the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence.

Mineralized material will be removed by means of a conveyor to surface. Four shafts will be needed to accommodate the ventilation requirements and access for personnel, material and equipment into/out of the mine. The production rate from Heruga is considered to be the same as the Hugo North/Hugo North Extension)Extension complex (~95,000 t/d) to meet the capacity of the mill. Hence, the overall scale of the underground and surface infrastructure will be similar to that associated with Hugo North/Hugo North Extension. In the 2018 PEA mine plan, development in mill feed material would begin from the southern Heruga zone in 2065. The first drawbell would be fired in 2069, and the mine would achieve rated capacity in 2083.

Production from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property would cease in 2097. Average production from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property between 2069 and 2097 (inclusive) would be approximately 59,200 t/d.

All three mines in the 2018 PEA case are anticipated to use a similar equipment fleet based on the requirements of the common block cave technique. The following equipment will be required: mucking (LHDs); haulage (road trains and articulated haul trucks); drilling (jumbos, production drills and bolting equipment); raise bore and boxhole; utilities and underground support (flatbeds, boom trucks, fuel and lube trucks, explosive carriers, shotcrete transmixers and sprayers, etc.); surface support; and light vehicles.

Major fixed equipment will include: material handling (crushing and conveying); fans and ventilation equipment; pumping and water handling equipment; power distribution equipment; data and communications equipment; and maintenance equipment (fixed shop furnishing).

Recovery Methods

The 2018 PEA assumes that no changes will be required to the process plant from those contemplated in the Phase 2 concentrator development program (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Recovery Methods”), and that the same mill throughput will be maintained.

Project Infrastructure

The majority of the primary infrastructure and facilities required for the Oyu Tolgoi project were completed during Phase 1. The 2018 PEA assumes that the infrastructure in place for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 will be available for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2, and that a similar design will be employed for the underground mining operation. For the purposes of the 2018 PEA mine plan, it was assumed that Heruga will be a completely new mine that does not take account ofpre-existing mine and support infrastructure associated with the Hugo SouthNorth/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 and Heruga. Three alternativeLift 2 mines.

Key additional infrastructure assumptions that would be needed to support the 2018 PEA mine plan in addition to that contemplated in Phase 2 include:

Access roads (Heruga).

Electrical substation and power distribution line (Heruga).

Construction of conveyor decline and shafts (Heruga).

Construction of permanent underground facilities including crushing and materials handling, workshops, services, and related infrastructure (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Modifications to the electrical shaft farm substation, and upgrades to some of the distribution systems (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Expanded logistical and accommodations infrastructure (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Underground maintenance and fuel storage facilities (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Expanded water supply and distribution infrastructure (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Expanded TSF capacity (Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga).

Market Studies and Contracts

For the purposes of the 2018 PEA, it was assumed that the marketing provisions and contracts entered into for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 production caseswould be maintained (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Markets and Contracts”).

Commodity pricing for the 2018 PEA estimate is based on pricing from Turquoise Hill’s 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Technical Report, which assume expansionuses the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study as a basis and incorporates a long-term industry-consensus estimate derived from public reports.

The smelter terms used were from the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study as reported in Turquoise Hill’s 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Technical Report and OTLLC’s BDT31.

Environmental, Permitting and Social Considerations

Information relating to environmental studies, permitting, and social or community impact remain the same for the 2018 PEA as discussed for Hugo North Extension Lift 1 (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Environmental, Permitting and Social Considerations” above).

Tailings Considerations

The 2018 PEA assumes that additional tailings cells that have a similar design and capacity to the plantoperating Cell 1 would be used for deposition of conventional thickened tailings:

Future cells to support the 2018 PEA case are assumed to use similar embankment configurations as in the current TSF design.

The same concepts for tailings deposition and reclaim water return will continue to be used.

Improvements to water reclaim mechanisms to recycle as much water as practicable will continue.

These additional cells would have the capacity will beto contain thelife-of-mine tailings under the 2018 PEA assumptions. However, the cost of constructing additional cells may increase as the haul distances for mine waste and other embankment materials increase.

Closure Considerations

No closure considerations were evaluated as part of the strategic2018 PEA plan, due to the long timeframe envisaged before closure would be needed. It was anticipated that the closure planning would be similar to that proposed for the 2014 OTLLC closure plan.

Capital Costs

The 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study initial capital cost estimate to develop Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 and design, procure, construct, and commission the complete Phase 2 expansion, inclusive of an underground block cave mine, supporting shafts, concentrator conversion, and supporting infrastructure expansion is being undertaken by OTLLC.$5.093 billion (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Capital Cost Estimates” above). The three alternative production cases shownadditional capital to develop Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit is estimated at $1.801 billion and $2.541 billion respectively. Table 12 provides a summary of the overall capital cost projections for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Overall sustaining capital costs are based on extrapolations from the 2016 Oyu Tolgoi Feasibility Study costs (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Capital Cost Estimates” above) with adjustments made for:

Tailings management facility costs that were increased to account for longer hauling distances; and a higher contingency due to lack of designs.

Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and Heruga development costs that were increased by approximately 8% and 10% respectively compared to Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 only.

Table 13 provides an overview of the overall sustaining capital cost estimate for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Wood apportioned the capital cost and sustaining capital cost estimates to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and to Entrée’s 20% attributable portion based on Entrée’s interpretation of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA (see “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Economic Analysis” above). Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the capital cost and sustaining capital cost estimates is discussed in “Item 4. Information on the decision tree in Figure 19 are:

Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Preliminary Economic Assessment – Economic Analysis”.

Table 12 – Overall Capital Costs

·LOM 140: Continuous improvement of plant throughput of 5.0% per year

  AreaUnitsValue  

  Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1 and concentrator expansion

$5,093

  Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2

$1,801

  Heruga

$2,541

  Total capital cost (including VAT and duty and contingency)

$9,434

Note:

1.

The overall capital cost presented is for five years.Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Table 13 – Overall Sustaining Capital Costs

·LOM 260: LOM 140 plus a 100% plant expansion after approximately 20 years.

 DescriptionUnitValue  

 Tailings storage facility construction

$/t processed1.09

 Concentrator

$/t processed0.10

 Underground mining

$/t processed7.40

 Infrastructure

$/t processed0.18

 Total

$/t processed8.76

Note:

1.

The overall sustaining capital cost presented is for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Operating Costs

Table 14 provides a breakdown of the projected operating costs for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Anticipated operating costs on a per tonne milled basis averages $17.07. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the operating cost estimate is discussed in “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Preliminary Economic Analysis – Economic Analysis”.

Table 14 – Overall Operating Costs

·LOM 350: Progressive expansion of the plant to 350 ktpd.

 DescriptionUnitValue  

 Mining

$/t processed5.67  

 Processing

$/t processed9.37  

 Infrastructure

$/t processed2.04  

 Total

$/t processed17.07  

LOM 140 assumes that there is an increase in plant throughput productivity of 5% per year for five years and that

Note:

1.

The overall operating cost presented is for Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 1, Hugo North/Hugo North Extension Lift 2 and the entire Heruga deposit.

Economic Analysis – 2018 PEA

This section provides the Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) Lift 1 development is followed by production from Hugo North (including Hugo North Extension) Lift 2, Hugo South and Heruga. The average throughput rate is approximately 140 ktpd or 51 Mtpa and the potential processing schedule for LOM 140 is shown in Figure 20 below.

LOM 260 (Figure 21 below) is an extension of LOM 140 and assumes that the plant capacity is doubled after approximately 20 years to an average throughput rate of 260 ktpd or 95 Mtpa.
LOM 350 assumes that there are progressive plant expansions to a rate of 350 ktpd or 128 Mtpa. With each successive expansion case there is a reductionresults of the mine life that would necessitate the success of further exploration to continue production. In LOM 350 (Figure 22 below), this would be required to bring the exploration potential to production in approximately 30 years.
The work2018 PEA. See “Item 4. Information on the alternative production casesCompany – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project, Mongolia – Economic Analysis” above regarding cautionary statements, which also applies to this section.

The PEA mine plan is not yet at the Feasibility Study stage, in particular the definition of the expansion sizes and costing of the cases. OreWin recommends that the options be studied further and that the timing of the new mines be defined in more detail.

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Figure 20 – Alternative Production LOM 140
partly based on Inferred mineral resources that are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would allowenable them to be categorized as mineral reserves. Therereserves, and there is no certainty that alternative production casesthe 2018 PEA based on these mineral resources will be realized. "2014 Reserve Case" refers toMineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

The PEA that follows is an alternative development option done at the Reserve Case reported in 2014 OTTR, of which the LHTR16 Reserve Case is a subset.

Figure 21 – Alternative Production LOM 260
Inferredconceptual level based on mineral resources, are considered too speculative geologically to havewhich assesses the economic considerations applied to them that would allow them to be categorized as mineral reserves. Entree has a 20% interest in material extraced from Hugh North Extension Lift 1 (HN EJV1), Hughinclusion of Hugo North Extension Lift 2 (HN EJV2) and the portion of the Heruga EJV.
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Figure 22 – Alternative Production LOM 350
Inferred mineral resources are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would allow them to be categorized as mineral reserves. There is no certainty that alternative production cases will be realized. Entree has a 20% interest in material extraced from Hugh North Extension Lift 1 (HN EJV1), Hugh North Extension Lift 2 (HN EJV2) and Heruga EJV.
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Future Work
The large mineral resource base at the entire Oyu Tolgoi project, includingdeposit within the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property presents significant opportunities, not only asinto an exceptionally long-life project but also for production expansion. Ongoing planning work using Inferred resources has identifiedoverall mine plan with Hugo North Extension Lift 1.

Wood apportioned the potential for further expansions. The LHTR16 demonstrates the potential for expansioncapital and shows thatsustaining capital costs according to Entrée’s interpretation of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA (summarized in “Item 4. Information on the Company – D. Property, Plants and Equipment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV resources are an integral partProject, Mongolia – Economic Analysis” above) for use in the 2018 PEA. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property total capital and sustaining capital cost for the 2018 PEA is estimated at $8,637.3 million. The total amortized capital cost is estimated at $1,846.7 million. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the long-term development plans.

Separate development decisions will need to be made based on future prevailing conditionsdevelopment/sustaining and amortized capital cost is $1,727.4 million and $369.3 million respectively.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property operating costs used in the experience obtained from developing2018 PEA average $23.35/t processed and operating the initial phasesare inclusive of the Oyu Tolgoi project.

Explorationamortized capital, refining and developmentsmelting charges, and a 2% administrative fee. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the operating costs on a per tonne milled basis averages $23.35 over the LOM.

Based on the above inputs, Wood completed an economic analysis for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property using bothpre-tax andafter-tax discounted cash flow analysis. The economic analysis has been prepared using the following long-term metal price estimates: copper at $3.00/lb; gold at $1,300.00/oz and silver at $19.00/oz.

Entrée’s 20% attributable portion ofpre-tax cash flow is under the control$2,078 million andafter-tax cash flow is $1,522 million. Entrée’s 20% attributable portion ofafter-tax cash flow using NPV@8% is $278 million. A summary of the OTLLC. production and financial results for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion are shown in Table 15. Mine site cash costs, C1 cash costs, andall-in sustaining costs for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion are shown in Table 16. IRR and payback are not presented because with 100% financing, neither is applicable.

The future work recommendationsNPV@8%pre-tax andafter-tax sensitivity to Heruga for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion is relatively small, since Heruga’s NPV@8%pre-tax andafter-tax is approximately $1.8 million and $1.5 million respectively.

Table 15 – 2018 PEA Production and Financial Results for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion (basecase is bolded)

UnitsItem

LOM processed material (Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property)

  Subset of Indicated mineral resources in the 2018 PEA mine plan

113 Mt grading 1.42% Cu, 0.50 g/t Au, 3.63 g/t Ag
(1.73% CuEq)

  Subset of Inferred mineral resources in the 2018 PEA mine plan

708 Mt grading 0.53% Cu, 0.44 g/t Au, 1.79 g/t Ag
(0.82 % CuEq)

  Copper recovered

Mlb            10,497

  Gold recovered

koz              9,367

  Silver recovered

koz            45,378

  Entrée’s attributable portion financial results

  LOM cash flow,pre-tax

$M              2,078

  NPV@5%,after-tax

$M                 512

  NPV@8%,after-tax

$M                 278

  NPV@10%,after-tax

$M                 192

Notes:

1.

Long-term metal prices used in the NPV economic analyses are: copper $3.00/lb, gold $1,300.00/oz and silver $19.00/oz.

2.

The Mineral resources are reported on a 100% basis. OTLLC has a participating interest of 80%, and Entrée has a participating interest of 20%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in respect of products extracted from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property pursuant to mining carried out at depths from surface to 560 m below surface, the participating interest of OTLLC is 70% and the participating interest of Entrée is 30%.

3.

Figures have been rounded.

Table 16 – 2018 PEA Mine Cash andAll-in Sustaining Costs for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion

  DescriptionUnitLOM Average  

  Mine site cash cost

$/lb payable copper1.66

  TC/RC, royalties and transport

$/lb payable copper0.32

  Total cash costs before credits

$/lb payable copper1.97

  Gold credits

$/lb payable copper1.22

  Silver credits

$/lb payable copper0.08

  Total cash costs after credits

$/lb payable copper0.68

  Totalall-in sustaining costs after credits

$/lb payable copper1.83

Sensitivity Analysis

Entrée’s 20% attributable portion is most sensitive to changes in copper price and grade and less sensitive to changes in operating and capital costs. Figure 6 shows theafter-tax sensitivity results for NPV@8% for Entrée’s 20% attributable portion. The copper grade sensitivity generally mirrors the 2014 OTTR, although primarily focusedcopper price.

Figure 6 – 2018 PEAAfter-Tax NPV@8% Sensitivity Analysis for Entrée’s 20% Attributable Portion

LOGO

Note: Figure prepared by Wood, 2017.

Recommendations

Wood was not given access by OTLLC to information on the portions of the Oyu Tolgoi licence area, will be of benefit to Entrée as they will include examination of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV will benefit from continuing study of the Hugo North deposit, including Hugo North Extension. In particular, making use of the additional haulage capacity that is planned to be installed underground could allow for improved performance to accelerate Hugo North Lift 1 production and so bring Hugo North Lift 2 development forward.
The Heruga mining study work is preliminary and should be optimised to maximise the metal extraction and project value. This work should involve a review and definition of the Heruga design followed by iteration of the scheduling options. The outcome of this work will assist in the analysis of all of the alternative production cases.
The commencement of mining on Hugo North Lift 1 will provide valuable 'real life' data for mining, processing and other disciplines for improved modelling of Hugo North Lift 2 development and production.
The work on the alternative production cases is not complete, in particular the definition of the expansion sizes and costing of the cases needs additional work. It is recommended that Entrée does not have an ownership interest in, with the exception of:

Information on, and site visits to the process plant, TSF, and underground access development.

Access to OTLLC operations site personnel to discuss information relevant to Entrée’s joint venture interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

Wood is therefore not in a position to make meaningful recommendations for further work with Turquoise Hillfor areas other than exploration and OTLLC to study the options further and that the timing of the new mines be defined in more detail.

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Exploration and development of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Propertystrategic planning expansion scenarios.

A work program is under the control of Rio Tinto on behalf of manager OTLLC. The future work recommendations in the 2014 OTTR, although focussed on the Oyu Tolgoi licence, will be of benefit to Entrée as they will include examination of the Entrée/OTLLC JV Property.

The 2016 exploration program and budgetrecommended for the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property has not yet been finalized. OTLLC's exploration strategy is focussed on developing a project pipeline in areas that can impact the current developmentarea of the Castle Rock and Southeast IP targets, and is termed the Phase 1 work program. Drilling should be considered for Hugo North Extension Lift 2 (Phase 2 work program). Strategic planning expansion scenario evaluations should also be conducted during the Phase 2 work program. The Phase 2 work program is independent of the Phase 1 work program, and the two work program phases could be conducted concurrently.

In the Phase 1 work program, eight widely-spaced core holes for each of the Castle Rock and Southeast IP targets drilled to depths averaging about 400 m, for a total program of 16 core holes totaling 6,400 m, are recommended to test these targets. The exact locations and depths of the holes should be determined through a detailed review of the existing exploration results, and access considerations. Assuming anall-in drilling cost of $275/m, the proposed program is estimated at $1.75 million.

For the Phase 2 work program, Wood recommends an infill drill campaign be conducted within Lift 2 of the Hugo North Extension deposit with the objective of potentially converting the Inferred mineral resources to higher confidence categories. A drill program could also be conducted to investigate a potential further northern continuation of the mineralized zone. These targets are best tested from underground drill stations. Access to any such suitable underground drill stations will not be available until 2021 at the earliest. Therefore, it is not considered to be currently feasible to provide a meaningful drill layout or budget for such programs.

Turquoise Hill’s 2016 Oyu Tolgoi deposits, seeking low-costTechnical Report published multiple development options and continuing assessment of legacy datasets to enable future discover. Castle Rock on the Entrée/for Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is oneincluding a plant expansion to 50 Mt/a, 100 Mt/a, and 120 Mt/a. Wood recommends that Entrée independently complete strategic planning expansion scenarios as part of the identified priority targetsPhase 2 work program in order to understand the impact to value that willthese scenarios could bring to Entrée. This work could be the focuscompleted at a cost of the future exploration program.

Infill drillingapproximately $150,000 to increase resource confidence and geotechnical deposit knowledge is part of a longer-term strategy to add incremental resource tonnes and convert resources to reserves.
Shivee West
Entrée has a 100% interest in the 23,114 ha western portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence.  To date, no economic zones of precious or base metals mineralization have been outlined on Shivee West, however, zones of gold and copper mineralization have been identified at Zone III/Argo Zone, Khoyor Mod and at Zone I, respectively.
Sampling programs at Shivee West include soil, soil-MMI, rock chip, drill core and RC samples. All of the sampling was carried out by Entrée personnel or its contractors. Since 2002, Entrée has completed 65 diamond core holes totalling 38,244 metres and 34 RC holes totalling 4,145 metres at Shivee West. There has been no drilling on the 100%-Entrée ground since 2011.
In 2011, RC drilling was conducted over the Zone III near-surface epithermal gold target and expanded north, where a new gold zone (Argo Zone) was discovered 250 metres beyond the previously known area of gold mineralization. The Argo Zone was partly defined by six RC holes, two trenches, and surface chip sampling. Hole EGRC-11-112 returned 14 metres of 1.82 g/t gold and hole EGRC-11-111 returned 3.0 metres of 2.21 g/t gold. Two separate high-grade surface chip samples averaged 42.4 g/t gold over 4.0 metres and 19.3 g/t gold over 3.0 metres. Shallow gold mineralisation in both zones is hosted by quartz veined felsic volcanic rocks.
In 2012, work focused on geological mapping, excavator trenching and sampling in the Argo Zone/Zone III and Khoyor Mod areas. In total, 22 trenches (1,723 metres) were excavated. The area of Argo gold mineralization was extended 140 metres further north from mineralization defined by 2011 RC drilling and the Argo Zone now measures approximately 400 metres long by up to 130 metres wide. One of the trench samples returned 81.4 g/t gold over 3 metres, confirming and expanding 2011 high-grade gold values. The Khoyor Mod target is located approximately 6 kilometres south of Argo and comprises a 250 metre x 300 metre area of quartz stockwork within Devonian sediments. The stockwork is anomalous in gold (trace to 0.58 g/t) and copper (67–505 ppm) and displays some characteristics of porphyry-style mineralisation.
Zone I is located 2.5 kilometres east of Zone III/Argo Zone and is a prominent 2 kilometre long area of argillic and advanced argillic alteration. This zone has received considerable attention using mapping, RC and core drilling, geophysics (IP), and excavator trenching. The silicified rocks that define Zone I form a discrete region of coalescing northerly trending ridges that outline a topographically prominent highland feature about 1.0 kilometre by 3.8 kilometres in size. The best drill results from Zone 1 were 0.1%–0.2% copper over widths of 2.0–4.0 metres.
No exploration work was completed on Shivee West in 2013, 2014 or 2015.
$200,000.

NON-MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Entrée has interests in othernon-material properties in the United States, Australia and Peru as follows. For additional information regarding thesenon-material properties, including Entrée'se’s ownership interest and obligations, see "Item“Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Results - A. Operating Results"Results” below.

·Lordsburg Property, New Mexico.  The Lordsburg claims cover 2,013 ha adjacent to the historic Lordsburg copper-gold-silver district in New Mexico.  Drilling at Lordsburg has been successful in discovering a new porphyry copper-gold occurrence in an area previously known only for vein-style gold mineralization.  No work was completed in 2015.  Future drilling will be directed towards expanding the existing drill defined copper and gold zone.
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·

Blue Rose Joint Venture, Australia. TheEntrée has a 56.53% interest in the Blue Rose copper-iron-gold-molybdenum joint venture property covers exploration licence 5129(“Blue Rose JV”) to explore for minerals other than iron ore on Exploration Licence 6006 (“EL 6006”), with Giralia Resources Pty Ltd, a subsidiary of Atlas Iron Pty Ltd (part of the Hancock Group of Companies), retaining a 43.47% interest. EL 6006, totalling 257 km2, is located in the Olary Region of South Australia, 300 kilometres north-northeastkm northeast of Adelaide.  Magnetite iron formations occur in the southern portionAdelaide and 130 km west-southwest of this 716 square kilometre tenement, and a zone of copper oxide mineralization and a gold target (Golden Sophia) are located in the north-central area of the tenement.Broken Hill.

Soil sampling

The rights to explore for and develop iron ore on EL 6006 are held by Fe Mines Limited (“FML”), a subsidiary of Lodestone Equities Limited (“Lodestone”) pursuant to a prior agreement with the joint venture overBlue Rose JV partners. On April 18, 2017, the Golden Sophia shallow gold target confirmedBlue Rose JV partners entered into a Deed of Consent, Sale and Variation (the “Deed”) with Lodestone and FML. In accordance with the previous Battle Mountain gold in soil anomalyDeed, the Blue Rose JV partners transferred title to EL 6006 and definedassigned their native title agreements to FML and agreed to vary a new, linear gold anomaly located approximately 700 metrespayment required to be made to the northeast.

Blue Rose JV partners under the prior agreement. FML paid to the Blue Rose JV partners an aggregate A$100,000 at completion and granted to them (a) the right to receive an additional payment(s) upon completion of an initial or subsequent iron ore resource estimate on EL 6006, to a maximum of A$2 million in aggregate; and (b) a royalty equal to 0.65% of the free on board value of iron ore product extracted and recovered from EL 6006. Under the Deed, an additional A$285,000 must also be paid to the Blue Rose JV partners upon the commencement of Commercial Production (as such term is defined in the Deed).

The Braemar Iron Formation is the host rock to magnetite mineralisation on EL 6006. The Braemar Iron Formation is a meta-sedimentary iron siltstone, which is inherently soft. The mineralization within the Braemar Iron Formation forms a simple dipping tabular body with only minor faulting, folding and intrusives. Grades, thickness, dip, and outcropping geometry remain very consistent over kilometres of strike.

·Lukkacha Property, Peru.  The Lukkacha property is located in Tacna Province of southeastern Peru.  The property consists of seven concessions totaling 4,400 ha which cover two large areas of surface alteration, iron oxides and quartz veining approximately 50 kilometres along the structural trend southeast from the giant Toquepala mining operation of Grupo Mexico.  The property has never been drilled and represents a unique opportunity for early stage exploration within an under-explored major copper district.  The property is situated within 50 kilometres of the international border with Chile, and initiation of further exploration (geophysics and drilling) is subject to Entrée obtaining a Supreme Decree allowing it to work on the property.
·

Royalty Pass-Through Payments, Cañariaco Project Royalty, Peru. TheIn August 2015, the Company hasacquired from Candente Copper Corp. (TSX:DNT) (“Candente”) a 0.5% NSR royalty (the “Cañariaco Project Royalty”) on theCandente’s 100% owned Cañariaco copper project in Peru. The Cañariaco project includes the Cañariaco Norte copper-gold-silver deposit, as well as the adjacent Cañariaco Sur and Quebrada Verde prospects, located within the western CordilleraPeru for a purchase price of the Peruvian Andes in the Department of Lambayeque, Northern Peru.$500,000.

On June 8, 2018, the Company sold the Cañariaco Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific, whereby the Company transferred all the issued and outstanding shares of its subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the Cañariaco Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific in return for consideration of $1.0 million, payable by the issuance of 478,951 Anglo Pacific common shares. In addition, Entrée retains the right to a portion of any future royalty income received by Anglo Pacific in relation to the Cañariaco Project Royalty (“Royalty Pass-Through Payments”) as follows:

20% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter up to and including December 31, 2029;

15% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2030 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2034; and

10% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2035 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2039.

The Cañariaco copper project includes the Cañariaco Norte copper-gold-silver porphyry deposit, as well as the adjacent Cañariaco Sur and Quebrada Verde porphyry prospects, located within the western Cordillera of the Peruvian Andes in the Department of Lambayeque, Northern Peru.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company disposed of all its investment in Anglo Pacific common shares for net proceeds of $1.0 million.

Item 4A.         Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
Item 5.

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

Overview

We are

Entrée is a resource company engaged in exploring mineral resource propertiescompany with interests in development and exploration properties in Mongolia, Peru and Australia.

The Company’s principal asset is its interest in the United States, Mongolia, Australia and Peru. Our two principal assets are our Ann Mason Project in Nevada and ourEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property – a carried 20% carriedparticipating interest in two of the Oyu Tolgoi project deposits, and a carried 20% or 30% interest (depending on the depth of mineralization) in Mongolia, throughthe surrounding large, underexplored, highly prospective land package located in the South Gobi region of Mongolia. Entrée’s joint venture partner, OTLLC, holds the remaining interest.

The Oyu Tolgoi project includes two separate land holdings: the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence, which is held by OTLLC (66% Turquoise Hill and 34% the Government of Mongolia), and the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV.

The Ann Mason Project includes the Ann MasonJV Property, which is a partnership between Entrée and the Blue Hill deposits, which host Measured and Indicated (Ann Mason) and Inferred mineral resources. The Company reported the results of the Ann Mason deposit 2015 PEA on September 9, 2015.
OTLLC. The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property comprises the eastern portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence, and all of the Javhlant mining licence, which mostly surround the Oyu Tolgoi mining licence (Figure 1). Both the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences are held by Entrée. The terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV state that Entrée has a 20% participating interest with respect to mineralization extracted from deeper than 560 m below surface and a 30% participating interest with respect to mineralization extracted from above 560 m depth.

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property includes the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit (HNE) and the majority of the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit. The resources at Hugo North Extension include a Probable reserve, which is included inpart of Lift 1 of the Oyu Tolgoi underground block cave mining operation. Although underground development pre-start activities are underway, first development production from Lift 1 is not expected until after 2020.  A second lift for thein development by project operator Rio Tinto. When completed, Oyu Tolgoi underground block cave operation, including additional resources fromis expected to become the world’s third largest copper mine.

In addition to the Hugo North Extension has been proposed but has not yet been modeled withincopper-gold deposit, the existing mine plan

OurEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property includes approximately 94% of the resource tonnes outlined at the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit and a large exploration land package, which together form a significant component of the overall Oyu Tolgoi project.

The Company’s financial statements for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 20132019 have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.IFRS. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared underon the historical cost convention, as modified by financialbasis of accounting principles applicable to a going concern which assumes that the Company will be able to continue for the foreseeable future and will be able to realize its assets and financialdischarge its liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.in the normal course of business. The Company has consistently applied the same accounting policies throughout all periods presented, as if these policies had always been in effect.

The Company’s expected 2020 full year expenditures, which include Mongolian site management and compliance costs, is between $1.5 million and $1.7 million.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United StatesIFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date ofin the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the period.accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant estimates and judgements used in the preparation of these estimates.

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consolidated financial statements include: determination of functional currencies; recoverable amount of property and equipment; title to mineral properties; share-based compensation; plan of arrangement – fair value of net assets distributed; and income taxes. Estimates that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Determination of functional currencies

The determination of the Company’s functional currency is a matter of judgment based on an assessment of the specific facts and circumstances relevant to determining the primary economic environment of each individual entity within the group. The Company reconsiders the functional currencies used when there is a change in events and conditions considered in determining the primary economic environment of each entity.

Income taxes

The Company must make significant estimates in respect of the provision for income taxes and judgments in determiningthe composition of its deferred income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, the recoverability of deferred tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities. The Company’s operations are, in part, subject to foreign tax laws where interpretations, regulations and legislation are complex and continually changing. As a result, there are usually some tax matters in question which may, on resolution in the calculationfuture, result in adjustments to the amount of certaincurrent or deferred income tax assets or liabilities, and liabilities that arisethose adjustments may be material to the Company’s statement of financial position and results of operations.

The determination of the ability of the Company to utilize tax losses carried forward to offset income taxes payable in the future and to utilize temporary differences which will reverse in the future requires management to exercise judgment and make assumptions about the Company’s future performance. Management is required to assess whether the Company is more likely than not to be able to benefit from differencesthese tax losses and temporary differences. Changes in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. Recovery of a portion of the deferred tax assets is impacted by Company plans with respect to holding or disposing of certain assets. Changes inproject completion, economic conditions, exploration results, metal prices and other factors having an impact on future taxable income streams could result in changesrevisions to the estimates of benefits to be realized or the Company’s assessments of its ability to utilize tax losses before expiry. These revisions could result in material adjustments to the consolidated financial statements.

Share-based compensation

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the valuation of share-based compensation. Option pricing models require the input of the subjective assumptions including expected price volatility, interest rate and forfeiture rate. Changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate and the Company’s net loss and reserves.

Plan of arrangement – fair value of net assets distributed

On May 9, 2017, the Company completed the Arrangement under Section 288 of the BCBCA pursuant to which Entrée transferred its wholly owned subsidiaries that directly or indirectly held the Ann Mason Project in Nevada and the Lordsburg property in New Mexico to Mason Resources. Accounting for this transaction involves critical judgements usedand estimates in determining the income tax expense.

The Company capitalizes the cost of acquiring mineral property interests, including undeveloped mineral property interests, until the viability of the mineral interest is determined. Capitalized acquisition costs are expensed if it is determined that the mineral property has no future economic value. The Company must make estimates and judgments in determining if any capitalized amounts should be written down by assessing if future cash flows, including potential sales proceeds, related to the mineral property are estimated to be less than the property's total carrying value. The carrying value of each mineral property is reviewed periodically, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Reductions in the carrying value of a property would be recorded to the extent that the total carryingfair value of the mineral property exceeds its estimatednet assets distributed. In performing an analysis, the Company relied on Mason Resources’ share price to calculate the fair value.
The Company follows accounting guidelines in determining the value of stock option compensation, as disclosed in Note 9 to the Annual Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. Unlike other numbers in the accounts, this is a calculated amount not based on historical cost, but on subjective assumptions introduced to an option pricing model, in particular: (1) an estimate for the average future hold period of issued stock options before exercise, expiry or cancellation; and (2) future volatility of the Company's share price in the expected hold period (using historical volatility as a reference). Given that there is no market for the options and they are not transferable, the resulting value calculated is not necessarily the value the holder of the option could receive in an arm's-length transaction.
The Company's accounting policy is to expense exploration costs on a project by project basis consistent with U.S. GAAP. The policy is consistent with that of other exploration companies that have not established mineral reserves. When a mineral reserve has been objectively established further exploration costs would be deferred.
Changes in Accounting Policies
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, "Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern". Historically, there has been no guidance in U.S. GAAP about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern. This ASU clarifies when and how management should be assessing their ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2014-15 will have an impact on the frequency with which going concern assessments are conducted, but does not expect the adoption to have significant changes to existing disclosure.
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes". The amendments in ASU 2015-17 require that deferred tax liabilities andnet assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in this ASU are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently presenting deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent items on the consolidated balance sheets. Accordingly, the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-17 to have a material impact on the Company's financial reporting and disclosures.
A detailed summary of all of the Company's significant accounting policies, changes in accounting policies and the estimates derived therefrom is included in Note 2 to the Annual Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015.
transferred.

A.

Operating Results

The following discussion is intended to supplement the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2015, 20142019 and 2013,2018 and the related notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.IFRS. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report. This discussion contains "forward-looking statements"“forward-looking statements” that are subject to risk factors set out under the heading "Item“Item 3. Key Information – D. Risk Factors"Factors”. See "Cautionary“Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements"Statements” above.

105

SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
          
  
 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
  
 
Year Ended December 31, 2014
  
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
          
Total Revenues $-  $-  $- 
Net Loss  (7,831,063)  (8,669,188)  (11,422,025)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted  (0.05)  (0.06)  (0.08)
Working capital  21,844,252   32,603,711   46,394,496 
Total assets  61,662,485   79,690,498   97,395,105 
Total long term liabilities  39,315,880   44,269,904   50,956,860 
(1) Working Capital is defined as Current Assets less Current Liabilities.
     
For

The Company’s operating results for the yearthree years ended December 31, 2015, net loss was $7,831,063 compared to $8,669,188 in the year ended December 31, 2014. 2019, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows:

    
                    2019                   2018                   2017 
  

Expenses

       
  

Exploration

  $173   $175   $332 
  

General and administrative

   1,490    1,145    1,656 
  

Share-based compensation

   340    506    678 
  

Depreciation

   105    22    20 
  

Other

   -    (13)    192 
    

Operating loss

   2,108    1,835    2,878 
  

Gain on sale of investments

   (123)    -    - 
  

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

   (195)    287    (380) 
  

Interest income

   (137)    (111)    (116) 
  

Interest expense

   319    307    287 
  

Loss from equity investee

   273    175    215 
  

Finance costs

   29    -    - 
  

Deferred revenue finance costs

   3,250    2,985    - 
  

Gain on sale of mining property interest

   -    (353)    - 
  

Unrealized loss on investments

   -    73    - 
  

Loss on the Arrangement

   -    -    33,627 
  

Loss before income taxes

   5,524    5,198    36,511 
  

Income tax recovery

   -    -    (72) 
    

Net loss from continuing operations

   5,524    5,198    36,439 
  

Discontinued operations

       
  

Net loss from discontinued operations

   -    -    176 
    

Net loss for the year

   5,524    5,198    36,615 
  

Other comprehensive loss (income)

       
  

Foreign currency translation

   2,095    (3,372)    1,684 
    

Total comprehensive loss

  $7,619   $1,826   $38,299 
  

Net loss per common share

       
  

Basic and fully diluted – continuing operations

  $(0.03)   $(0.03)   $(0.21) 
  

Basic and fully diluted – discontinued operations

  $(0.00)   $(0.00)   $(0.00) 
  

Total assets

  $6,102   $7,432   $8,257 
  

Totalnon-current liabilities

  $52,907   $46,835   $32,499 
    

Working capital(1)

  $5,485   $6,788   $7,203 

(1)

Working capital is defined as Current Assets less Current Liabilities.

Operating Loss:

During the year ended December 31, 2015, Entrée incurred lower2019, the Company’s operating loss was $2.1 million compared to $1.8 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Exploration costs in 2019 included expenditures primarilyof $0.2 million for administration costs in Mongolia compared to $0.1 million in the comparative 2018 and 2017 periods. Holding costs on all other properties in 2019, 2018 and 2017 were insignificant.

Overall, general and administration expenditures in 2019 were 30% higher compared to the same period in 2018 due to a combinationan increase in advisory and travel costs in relation to negotiation of lower exploration costs, lower consultancypotential Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA amendments in 2019 and advisory fees and higher foreign exchange gains. As at December 31, 2015, working capital was $21,844,252 compared to $32,603,711 as at December 31, 2014. The decreaseno receipt of cost-recovery reimbursements from Mason Resources which were received in working capital is primarily the result of cash used in operations during the period. As at December 31, 2015, total assets were $61,662,485 compared to $79,690,498 as at December 31, 2014. The decrease in total assets over the prior year is primarily the effect of a decrease in working capital described above combined with unrealized foreign currency translation losses on mineral property interests. As at December 31, 2015, total long term liabilities were $39,315,880 compared to $44,269,904 as at December 31, 2014. The decrease in long term liabilities over the prior year is largely due to decreased deferred revenue resulting from unrealized foreign currency translation gains.

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS
Results of operations are summarized as follows:
       
  
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
 
       
Exploration $5,139,076  $9,018,994 
General and administrative  4,555,363   3,936,413 
Interest expense (income)  412,077   (30,154)
Stock-based compensation  197,375   251,390 
Deferred income tax expense (recovery)  160,173   (3,933,392)
Consultancy and advisory fees  125,000   830,623 
Loss from equity investee  118,712   107,907 
Depreciation  42,528   65,517 
Current income tax expense (recovery)  218   (123,255)
Impairment of mineral property interests  -   552,095 
Gain on sale of mineral property interest  -   (28,096)
Foreign exchange gain  (2,919,459)  (1,978,854)
Net loss $7,831,063  $8,669,188 

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Exploration expenditures are summarized as follows:
        
   
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
 
        
US  $3,507,357  $7,066,997 
Mongolia   1,488,452   1,672,341 
Other   165,101   315,549 
Total costs   5,160,910   9,054,887 
Less stock-based compensation   (21,834)  (35,893)
Total expenditures, cash  $5,139,076  $9,018,994 
UNITED STATES
Ann Mason Project, Nevada
The Ann Mason Project, located2018. Beginning in the Yerington District of Nevada, is one of Entrée's core assets.  Withfirst quarter 2019, the recent completion ofCompany no longer received these reimbursements. For further information on the 2015 PEA, Entrée continues to evaluate the most efficient and effective way of advancing the AnnAdministrative Services Agreement with Mason Project towards Pre-Feasibility.  The infill drill program undertaken between August 2014 and late January 2015 resulted in a new resource estimate for the Ann Mason deposit, with approximately 95% of the mineralization constrained within the Phase 5 pit now classified as either Measured or Indicated resources with the remaining 5% as Inferred resources. The 2015 PEA also includes preliminary results of a detailed metallurgical program, designed to better characterize the metallurgical processes and recoveries in the 2015 PEA and to support a future Pre-Feasibility study.
From April to July 2013, Entrée completed approximately 4,755 metres of core and RC drilling, of which 3,333 metres were drilled in seven holes near Ann Mason and 1,422 metres were drilled in 11 holes at or near Blue Hill. Three of five core holes drilled at the Ann Mason deposit extended copper mineralization 190 metres to 250 metres northwest and northeast of the deposit. The 2013 drilling at Blue Hill successfully located westward extensions of the current deposit; however,Resources, reference should be made to the east, near-surface oxide and mixed mineralization is truncated by the low-angle, southeast dipping Blue Hill Fault. Mineralization continues to the east at depth, below the Blue Hill Fault. Drilling of the underlying Blue Hill sulphide target remains very widely-spaced.
Two shallow, widely-spaced RC holes (totalling 180 metres) were also completed in 2013 about 500 to 900 metres to the west of the Ann Mason deposit. Holes EG-AM-13-038 and 039 encountered minor, narrow intervals of 0.16% to 0.20% oxide copper within strong, quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration. In addition, deepened hole EG-BH-11-031, located approximately one kilometre east of Blue Hill, intersected copper-oxide mineralization averaging  0.28% copper over 13.8 metres from a depth of 22.2 metres.
In the second quarter of 2013, Entrée commenced certain data collection and testwork to begin preparationCompany’s annual audited consolidated financial statements for the next stage of study and ultimately permit applications. The baseline environmental studies that were undertaken included wildlife, biology, archaeology and cultural surveys and WOUS wetlands delineation. These studies were largely complete in early 2014 except for raptor field surveys, final report writing, and a follow-up WOUS submission to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Wildlife, vegetation and cultural field surveys and reports were complete by late 2014 and no significant obstacles to the development of Ann Mason were identified. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has verbally approved the WOUS report finding of no wetlands subject to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers jurisdiction within the Ann Mason Project area but are now waiting for United States Environmental Protection Agency approval.
Amendment #2 to expand Entrée's existing PlanOp and minor modification of its Permit were accepted by the NDEP and the BLM in early 2014. An additional bond, in the amount of $31,276, was posted by Entrée in June 2014. Entrée received approval for two minor modifications to Amendment #2 to expand its existing PlanOp in September 2014 and March 2015.  Additional reclamation bonds totaling $38,531 were posted and accepted by the BLM.
On July 16, 2014, the Company announced an approximately $5 million Pre-Feasibility drill program, designed to upgrade the mineral resources contained in the PEA Phase 5 pit from Indicated and Inferred to a mix of Measured and Indicated categories. The infill drill program commenced in August 2014 and was completed in late January 2015.  The program comprised 40 core holes, many with RC pre-collars, totaling approximately 19,265 metres.
107

RC pre-collars were generally restricted to barren, overlying volcanics.  Drilling changed to HQ diameter core which was continually sampled over 2 metre intervals once mineralized rocks of the Yerington batholith were encountered or hole conditions dictated the change to core.  Depths of holes ranged from 275 metres to 885 metres, depending on position within the Phase 5 pit, and hole angles varied from -60 to -90 degrees.
Samples were submitted to Bureau Veritas Minerals Laboratories (formerly Acme Analytical Laboratories) ("Bureau Veritas") in Reno and Elko for sample preparation and forwarded by Bureau Veritas to their laboratory in Vancouver for analysis. Prepared standards, blanks and duplicates were inserted at the project site to monitor the quality control of the assay data.  Entrée has a chain of custody program to ensure sample security during all stages of sample collection, cutting, shipping and storage.
On January 21, 2015, the Company reported assay results from the first 20 holes with the remaining 20 holes being reported on March 10, 2015.  A total of 25 of the 40 holes ended in mineralization (copper values greater than the 0.15% copper cut-off).  Lower grade holes tend to be located toward the northern-most border of the Phase 5 pit, in areas where strong mineralization was not expected.  Only one hole, EG-AM-14-049, drilled along the northern-most border of the Phase 5 pit, failed to return any significant results.
Entrée commenced a four-hole, widely-spaced exploration drill program in late January 2015 to test several geophysical and geological targets to the west of Ann Mason and to the south of Blue Hill. The program terminated mid-April 2015 and comprised 2,434 metres of combined core and RC drilling. An additional RC pre-collar was completed but not deepened with core. Sample results from the short program included 24 metres of 0.22% copper and 0.053 g/t gold (sulphide) at 546 metres in hole EG-AM-15-080 and 9.5 metres of 0.31% copper (mainly chalcocite), 0.334 g/t silver and 0.029 g/t gold at a depth of 24.38 metres in hole EG-AM-15-081. The area remains open for further systematic testing.
The Company completed a comprehensive metallurgical test program at SGS Minerals Services in Lakefield, Ontario using 1,700 kg of split core and assay reject samples from the Ann Mason deposit. The program was initiated in April, 2015 and testwork was eventually completed in January 2016.  The principal objective of the metallurgical test program was to advance metallurgical understanding of Ann Mason mineralization to a level that would support a future Pre-Feasibility study, by selecting a larger, more significant sample set to include various geometallurgical domains and production periods.
On September 9, 2015, the Company announced the results of the 2015 PEA. The 2015 PEA was filed on October 23, 2015.
The area between the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits has seen only wide-spaced, mostly shallow drilling to date and remains a high priority target for future exploration for both additional sulphide and oxide mineralization. South of Ann Mason, soil surveying and mapping suggests potential for near surface oxide copper mineralization, which could have a positive impact on the Ann Mason Project.
Several other high-priority targets on the Ann Mason Project property require further exploration.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, Ann Mason Project2018 and the related MD&A. General and administration expenditures in 2018 were $3,425,17231% lower compared to $6,950,618 during the year ended December 31, 2014. The lowersame period in 2017 due to the reduction in corporate overhead costs in 2018.

Depreciation expenses in 2019 were higher compared to the year ended December 31, 2015 resulted from a decreasecomparative periods in drilling2018 and 2017 due to the adoption of new IFRS accounting standard relating to leases effective January 1, 2019.

Non-operating Items:

The gain on sale of investments of $0.1 million in 2019 is related expenditures.

Lordsburg, New Mexico
On May 2, 2012, Entrée entered into an agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") to purchase a 100% interestthe disposal of all investments in two porphyry copper targetsAnglo Pacific common shares for net proceeds of $1.0 million.

The foreign exchange gain in New Mexico -2019 was primarily the Lordsburg propertyresult of movements between the C$ and U.S. dollar as the Company holds its cash in both currencies and the Oak Grove property. In September 2013 Entrée abandoned the Oak Grove property and recorded an impairment of mineral property interests of $437,732.

Pursuantloan payable is denominated in U.S. dollars.

Interest expense was primarily related to the Purchase Agreement,loan payable to OTLLC pursuant to the Entrée paid $100,000e/Oyu Tolgoi JVA and issued 500,000 Common Shares of the Company. The Lordsburg property is subject to a 2% NSR royalty, which may be bought downvariable interest rate.

The amount recognized as a loss from equity investee is related to 1% at any time up to and including January 1, 2017 for $2.4 million. The buydown price is payable in cash or a combination of cash and Common Shares at Entrée's election.

The Lordsburg claims cover 2,013 hectares adjacent toexploration costs on the historic Lordsburg copper-gold-silver district in New Mexico. Drilling at Lordsburg has been successful in discovering a porphyry copper-gold occurrence in an area previously known only for vein-style gold mineralization. Future drilling will be directed towards expanding the existing drill defined copper and gold zone. No exploration work was completed in 2014 or 2015.
108

The proposed Plan of Operations for Lordsburg has been approved by the BLM and an Application to Conduct Mineral Exploration has been approved by the New Mexico Division of Mining and Minerals. The Lordsburg Plan of Operations/Environmental Assessment and Application to Conduct Mineral Exploration provides for drilling on 65 additional sites and 28.2 acres of surface disturbance.
MONGOLIA
Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property
Property.

During 2018, the Company adopted IFRS and was required to recognize anon-cash loss of $33.6 million on thespin-out of the U.S.-based assets to Mason Resources in 2017, which was the main difference between 2018 and 2017 results. In 2018, the Company also adopted IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which required the Company to begin recordingnon-cash finance costs related to the deferred revenue balance, specifically the Sandstorm stream.

The total assets as at December 31, 2019 were comparable to the balance at December 31, 2018 while totalnon-current liabilities were higher due to recording thenon-cash deferred revenue finance costs for the 2019 year. This is consistent with the change in total assets and totalnon-current liabilities as at December 31, 2018 compared to December 31, 2017.

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS

MONGOLIA

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Project

No significant exploration has been completed by OTLLC on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property since February 2013 and work planned for 20162020 has not yet been finalized.

Since formation, and as of December 31, 2015,2019, the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV hadhas expended $27.8approximately $32.9 million to advance the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Under the termsAs of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV,December 31, 2019, OTLLC has contributed on Entrée'se’s behalf the required cash participation amount of $6.8 million, equal to 20% of the $27.8$32.9 million incurred to date, plus accrued interest at prime plus 2%.

Shivee West Property
, for a total of $9.0 million.

For the three months ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Entrée has a 100% interest inexpenses related to Mongolian operations were not significant. For the western portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence.

No work has been completed on Shivee West since 2012 and and no work is currently planned for 2016.
For thefull year ended December 31, 2015, Mongolia2019, expenses related to Mongolian operations were $1,488,452$0.2 million compared to $1,672,341 during$0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The lower expenses in 2015 compared to 2014 resulted from lower legal fees2018 year. In 2019 and sales taxes, penalties and interest expenses, partially offset by higher consulting fees.
2018, these costs representedin-country administration expenses.

AUSTRALIA

Blue Rose Joint Venture

JV

Entrée has a 55.79%56.53% interest in the Blue Rose copper-iron-gold-molybdenum joint venture property,JV to explore for minerals other than iron ore on EL 6006, with Giralia Resources Pty Ltd, now a subsidiary of Atlas Iron Limited (ASX:AGO) ("Atlas"),Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd, retaining a 44.21%43.47% interest. The propertyEL 6006, totalling 257 km2, is located in the Olary Region of South Australia, 300 kilometres north-northeastkm northeast of Adelaide. Magnetite iron formations occur in the southern portionAdelaide and 130 km west-southwest of this 716 square kilometre tenement,Broken Hill.

The rights to explore for and a zone of copper oxide mineralization and a gold target (Golden Sophia) are located in the north-central area of the tenement. The joint venture covers tenement EL5129, which was granted on July 19, 2012, for a 3-year term. An application to renew the tenement for an additional 2-year term was filed on June 11, 2015 and was approved effective August 4, 2015.

In September 2010, the joint venture entered into an agreement with Bonython Metals Group Pty Ltd ("BMG"), a private Australian resource company. BMG purchased 100% of thedevelop iron ore rights on the joint venture property in exchange for 6%EL 6006 are held by FML, a subsidiary of BMG's future issued capital. On February 27, 2012, the Federal Court of Australia ordered that BMG be wound up; a liquidator has been appointed. In October 2013,Lodestone pursuant to ana prior agreement whereby a third party acquiredwith the Blue Rose joint venture's iron ore rights from BMG, Entrée received the first of two cash payments of A$475,778 plus GST. The third party is currently in breach of this agreement as a consequence of failing to make the second required payment.
JV partners. On October 23, 2013,April 18, 2017, the Blue Rose joint venture filed a Part 9BJV partners entered into the Deed with Lodestone and FML. In accordance with the Deed, the Blue Rose JV partners transferred title to EL 6006 and assigned their native title applicationagreements to FML and agreed to vary a payment required to be made to the Blue Rose JV partners under the South Australia Mining Actprior agreement. FML paid to the Blue Rose JV partners an aggregate A$100,000 at completion and granted to them (a) the Wilyakali and Ngadjuri groups registered as native title claimants. Native title agreements must be concluded with claimants priorright to any exploration on the joint venture licence. A native title agreement was signed with the Wilyakali group in December 2013 andreceive an agreement with the Ngadjuri group was signed in late March 2014.
109

PERU
Lukkacha Project
In September 2010, Entrée entered into a conditional agreement with a private Peruvian company whereby Entrée may acquireadditional payment(s) upon completion of an initial 70% interestor subsequent iron ore resource estimate on EL 6006, to a maximum of A$2 million in aggregate; and (b) a royalty equal to 0.65% of the free on board value of iron ore product extracted and recovered from EL 6006. Under the Deed, an additional A$285,000 must also be paid to the Blue Rose JV partners upon the commencement of Commercial Production (as such term is defined in the Lukkacha property located in Tacna Province of southeastern Peru. Deed).

The propertyBraemar Iron Formation is situatedthe host rock to magnetite mineralisation on EL 6006. The Braemar Iron Formation is a meta-sedimentary iron siltstone, which is inherently soft. The mineralization within 50the Braemar Iron Formation forms a simple dipping tabular body with only minor faulting, folding and intrusives. Grades, thickness, dip, and outcropping geometry remain very consistent over kilometres of strike.

Expenditures in 2019 were minimal and related to administrative costs in Australia.

INVESTMENTS

In August 2015, the international border with Chile, and initiation of work is subject to Entrée obtaining a Supreme DecreeCompany acquired from Candente the Peruvian government allowing it to work on the property. Subject to obtaining the Supreme Decree, Entrée may earn a 70% interest by making cash payments totaling $215,000 and expending a minimum of $1.5 million on exploration, to include a minimum 6,000 metres of diamond drilling, within 24 months. Once Entrée has earned a 70% interest, it may acquire a further 30% interest by paying the vendors $2 million within 24 months. The vendors would retain a 2% NSR royalty, half of which may be purchased at any time for $1 million.

The property consists of seven concessions totaling 4,400 ha which cover two large areas of surface alteration, iron oxides and quartz veining approximately 50 kilometres along the structural trend southeast from the giant Toquepala mining operation of Grupo Mexico. The property has never been drilled and represents a unique opportunity for early stage exploration within an under-explored major copper district. Further exploration (geophysics and drilling) is dependent on receipt of the Supreme Decree.  As a first step in obtaining the Supreme Decree, a joint military inspection of the property took place on September 12, 2013. The military submitted a favorable written opinion to the General Secretary of the Ministry of Defense on September 15, 2013. During 2014, Entrée held several meetings with the local village to discuss completion and registration of a community economic and land use agreement.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, Lukkacha expenses were $39,265 compared to $78,925 during the year ended December 31, 2014.
Cañariaco Project Royalty
In September 2015, the Company entered into an agreement with Candente Copper Corp. (TSX:DNT) ("Candente") to acquire a 0.5% NSR royalty on Candente'sCandente’s 100% owned Cañariaco copper project in Peru for a purchase price of $500,000.
The Cañariaco project includes

On June 8, 2018, the Company sold the Cañariaco Norte copper-gold-silver deposit,Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific, whereby the Company transferred all the issued and outstanding shares of its subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the Cañariaco Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific in return for consideration of $1.0 million, payable by the issuance of 478,951 Anglo Pacific common shares. In addition, Entrée retains the right to the Royalty Pass-Through Payments as well asfollows:

20% of any Cañariaco Project Royalty payment received for any calendar quarter up to and including December 31, 2029;

15% of any Cañariaco Project Royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2030 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2034; and

10% of any Cañariaco Project Royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2035 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2039.

In accordance with IFRS, the adjacent Cañariaco Sur and Quebrada Verde prospects, locatedCompany has attributed a value of nil to the Royalty Pass-Through Payments since realization of the proceeds is contingent upon several uncertain future events not wholly within the western Cordilleracontrol of the Peruvian AndesCompany.

In 2019, the Company disposed of all its investment in the Departmentcommon shares of Lambayeque, Northern Peru.

GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
For the year ended December 31, 2015, generalAnglo Pacific for net proceeds of $1.0 million and administrative expense, excluding foreign exchange gains and losses and before stock-based compensation, was $4,555,363 compared to $3,936,413 during the year ended December 31, 2014 and compared to $5,510,641 during the year ended December 31, 2013. The increase from 2014 to 2015 was due primarily to increases in one-time restructuring charges related to personnel reductions. The decrease from 2013 to 2014 was due primarily to decreases in personnel expenses, legal fees and travel expenses.realized a $0.1 million gain.

B.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

  
    Year ended December 31   
 
                    2019                   2018   
 

Cash flows used in operating activities

     
 

- Before changes innon-cash working capital items

  $(1,502)   $(1,243)   
 

- After changes innon-cash working capital items

   (1,816)    (777)   
 

Cash flows (used in) from financing activities

   (34)    165   
 

Cash flows from (used in) investing activities

   1,035    (126)   
   

Net cash outflows

   (815)    (738)   
 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

   41    (176)   
 

Cash balance

  $5,380   $6,154   
 

Cash flows used in operating activities per share

     
 

- Before changes innon-cash working capital items

  $(0.01)   $(0.01)   
 

- After changes innon-cash working capital items

  $(0.01)   $(0.00)   

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
For the year ended December 31, 2015, stock-based compensation expense was $197,375 compared to $251,390 during the year ended December 31, 2014 and compared to $1,422,297 during the year ended December 31, 2013.

During the year ended December 31, 2015, 1,670,000 options2019, the Company has allocated a net of $4.0 million into Government Investment Certificates (“GICs”) and Redeemable Short-Term Investment Certificates (“RSTICs”) which are included in its cash balance. All amounts are secured and redeemable within 1 year.

Cash flows after changes innon-cash working capital items in 2019 were granted134% higher than in 2018 due mainly to the receipt of payments associated with a fair valuean Administrative Services Agreement with Mason Resources which was terminated in 2018.

Cash flows (used in) from financing activities were immaterial in 2019 and 2018.

Cash flows from (used in) investing activities in 2019 were related to the proceeds from sale of $246,156, compared to 2,815,000 options that were granted with a fair valueinvestment in common shares of $251,390 during the year ended December 31, 2014 and 7,560,000 options that were granted with a fair value of $1,421,371 during the year ended December 31, 2013.

INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE
For the year ended December 31, 2015, interest expense was $412,077 compared to interest income of $30,154 during the year ended December 31, 2014 (December 31, 2013 - $171,143).  Interest expense is partially due to accrued interest on the OTLLC loan payable. Anglo Pacific.

The Company earns interest income on its invested cash.

110

VALUATION OF LONG-TERM INVESTMENT
Equity Method Investment
As further described in the notes to the Annual Financial Statements, Entrée accounts for its interest in a joint venture with OTLLC as a 20% equity investment. As at December 31, 2015, the Company's investment in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV was $148,717 (December 31, 2014 - $93,914). The Company's share of the loss of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV was $118,712 for the year ended December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $107,907; December 31, 2013 - $146,051) plus accrued interest expense of $279,405 for the year ended December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $264,869; December 31, 2013 - $260,453).
OUTLOOK
Entrée is primarily focused on exploring its principal properties in Nevadaan exploration stage company and Mongolia. In addition, Entrée is engaged in evaluating acquisition opportunities which are complementary to its existing projects, particularly large tonnage base and precious metal targets in mining friendly jurisdictions. These efforts have resulted in the consolidation of the Ann Mason Project in Nevada and the acquisition of the Lordsburg property in New Mexico. The commodities Entrée is most likely to pursue include copper, gold and molybdenum, which are often associated with large tonnage, porphyry related environments. Smaller, higher grade systems will be considered by Entrée if they demonstrate potential for near-term production and cash-flow.
Entrée has not generated any revenue from operations since its incorporation and Entrée anticipates that it will continue to incur operating expenses without revenues until the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongolia is brought into production or it builds and operates a mine on one or more of its other mineral properties. As at December 31, 2015, Entrée had working capital of approximately $22 million. Entrée's average monthly operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015, were approximately $590,000, including exploration, general and administrative expenses and investor relations expenses. In efforts to conservepositive cash reserves, Entrée has made, and continues to make, adjustments to operations including rationalizing land holdings in Mongolia, reducing staff levels in each of Mongolia, Canada and the United States as well as reducing certain other overhead expenditures. Certain one-time expenditures related to these reductions are included in the 2015 average monthly operating expense.  Consequently, Entrée anticipates that average monthly operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 will be lower than such expenditures incurred in the year ended December 31, 2015.
The Company is exposed to currency risk by incurring certain expenditures in currencies other than the Canadian dollar. In addition, as certain of the Company's consolidated subsidiaries' functional currency is the United States dollar, the Company is exposed to foreign currency translation risk. The Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce this currency risk.
The Company is also subject to legal and political risk in Mongolia. Government policy may change to discourage foreign investment, nationalization of the mining industry may occur and other government limitations, restrictions or requirements may be implemented.  There can be no assurance that Entrée's assets will not be subject to nationalization, requisition, expropriation or confiscation, whether legitimate or not, by any authority or body.  In addition, there can be no assurance that neighbouring countries' political and economic policies in relation to Mongolia will not have adverse economic effects on the development of Entrée's assets, including with respect to ability to access power, transport and sell products and access construction labour, supplies and materials. The political, social and economic environment in Mongolia presents a number of serious risks, including:  uncertain legal enforcement; invalidation, confiscation, expropriation or rescission of governmental orders, permits, licences, agreements and property rights; the effects of local political, labour and economic developments, instability and unrest; corruption, requests for improper payments or other corrupt practices; and significant or abrupt changes in the applicable regulatory or legal climate.
For a more extensive discussion of risks and uncertainties to which Entrée is exposed, the reader should refer to the section titled "Risk Factors" above.
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B.Liquidity and Capital Resources
To date, Entrée has not generated revenuesflows from its operations,operations. As a result, the Company has been dependent on equity and production-based financings for additional funding and is considered to be in the exploration stage.funding. Working capital on hand at December 31, 20152019 was $21,844,252. Cash was $22,785,658 at December 31, 2015. On February 15, 2013,approximately $5.5 million. Management believes it has adequate financial resources to satisfy its obligations over the next12-month period. The Company closeddoes not currently anticipate the approximately $55 million financing package with Sandstorm. On March 1, 2016, the Company refunded 17% of the Deposit (thereby reducing the Depositneed for additional funding during this time.

Loan Payable to $33.2 million) by paying $5.5 million in cash and issuing 5,128,604 Common Shares at a price of C$0.3496 per share. In the event of a partial expropriation of Entrée's economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, the Amended Funding Agreement provides that the Company will not be required to make any further refund of the Deposit if Entrée's economic interest is reduced by up to and including 17%. If there is a reduction of greater than 17% up to and including 34%, the Amended Funding Agreement provides the Company with greater flexibility and optionality in terms of how the Company will refund a corresponding portion of the Deposit, including the option of not refunding cash. In the event of a full expropriation, the remainder of the Unearned Balance after the foregoing refund must be returned in cash with interest.

LLC

Under the terms of the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV, EntréeJVA, the Company has elected to have OTLLC debt finance Entrée's share of costscontribute funds to approved joint venture programs and budgets on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, with interest accruingCompany’s behalf, each such contribution to be treated as anon-recourse loan. Interest on each loan advance shall accrue at OTLLC'san annual rate equal to OTLLC’s actual cost of capital or the prime rate of the Royal Bank of Canada, plus 2%,two percent (2%) per annum, whichever is less, as at the date of the advance. As at December 31, 2015,The loan will be repayable by the total amount that OTLLC has contributedCompany monthly from ninety percent (90%) of the Company’s share of available cash flow from the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV. In the absence of available cash flow, the loan will not be repayable. The loan is not expected to costs on the Company's behalf, including interest, was $6.8 million.

Operating activities
Cash used in operations was $9,821,492 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $12,617,637 for the year ended December 31, 2014. This decrease is primarily due to a decrease in expenditures on mineral property exploration during the year ended December 31, 2015 partially offset by costs associated with certain staff reductions.
Financing activities
Cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and Common Shares issued for cash were as follows:
             
  
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
 
  Shares  Amount  Shares  Amount 
             
Exercise of stock options  346,532  $41,135   -  $- 
   346,532  $41,135   -  $- 
Investing activities
During the year ended December 31, 2015, Entrée made payments of $500,000 related to mineral property acquisitions (December 31, 2014 – $100,000) for the Cañariaco project royalty. During the year ended December 31, 2015, Entrée made payments of $3,628 related to reclamation deposits (December 31, 2014 – $66,179) and received cash proceeds of $Nil on the release of reclamation deposits (December 31, 2014 – $83,428). During the year ended December 31, 2015, Entrée expended $12,445 on equipment, primarily for exploration activities (December 31, 2014 – $13,074). During the year ended December 31, 2014, Entrée sold its interest in the Mystique property for proceeds of $28,096, net of taxes.
Outstanding share data
As at December 31, 2015, there were 147,330,917 common shares outstanding. As at March 30, 2016, there were 152,519,521 common shares outstanding. In addition, as at December 31, 2015, there were 13,208,000 stock options outstanding with exercise prices ranging from C$0.21 to C$3.47 per share. As at March 30, 2016, there were 12,080,500 stock options outstanding, with exercise prices ranging from C$0.21 to C$2.23 per share. There were no warrants outstanding at December 31, 2015 or at March 30, 2016.
be repaid within one year.

Capital Resources

Entrée had no commitments for capital assets at December 31, 2015.

2019.

At December 31, 2015,2019, Entrée had working capital of $21,844,252$5.5 million compared to $32,603,711$6.8 million as at December 31, 2014.

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2018.

Share Capital

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of unlimited Common Shares without par value. At December 31, 2019, the Company had 175,470,074 Common Shares issued and outstanding.

Share options

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had 9,945,000 stock options outstanding and exercisable.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, the total share-based compensation charges relating to 2,290,000 options granted to officers, employees, directors and consultants was $0.3 million.

Share purchase warrants

At December 31, 2019, 9,264,735 Replacement Warrants were outstanding.

C.

Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.

None.

None.

D.

Trend Information

While the Company does not have any producing mines it is directly affected by trends in the metal industry. At the present time global metal prices are extremely volatile. Base metal prices and gold prices, driven by rising global demand, climbed dramatically and approached near historic highs several years ago. Prices have declined significantly since those highs.

highs but have trended higher in the past year.

Overall market prices for securities in the mineral resource sector and factors affecting such prices, including base metal prices, political trends in the countries in which such companies operate, and general economic conditions, may have an effect on the terms on which financing is available to the Company, if available at all.

Except as disclosed, the Company does not know of any trends, demand, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in, or that are reasonably likely to result in, its liquidity either materially increasing or decreasing at present or in the foreseeable future. Material increases or decreases in liquidity are substantially determined by the success or failureresults of exploration and development programs on the Company's exploration programs.

Company’s material assets.

The Company'sCompany’s financial assets and liabilities generally consist of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, deposits, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and loansloan payable, some of which are denominated in foreign currencies including United States dollars, Mongolian Tugriks and Australian dollars. The Company is at risk to financial gain or loss as a result of foreign exchange movements against the Canadian dollar. The Company does not currently have major commitments to acquire assets in foreign currencies, but historically it has incurred the majority of its exploration costs in foreign currencies.

E.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has nooff-balance sheet arrangements except for the contractual obligation noted below.

F.

Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

The following table lists, as at December 31, 2015,2019, in thousands of United States dollars, the Company'sCompany’s contractual obligations. Entrée is committed to make lease payments totalling $307,762$0.3 million over its twothree-year year office lease in Vancouver, Canada and two office, three warehouse and four accommodation leases in the United States.

 Less than 1 year1-3 Years3-5 yearsMore than 5 yearsTotal
Office lease$247,906$71,578$Nil$Nil$319,484
Total$247,906$71,578$Nil$Nil$319,484
Canada.

    

Less than 1        

year        

   1-3 Years           3-5 years           

More than 5        

years        

   Total 

Office lease

   $123    $216    $Nil    $Nil    $339 

Total

   $123    $216    $Nil    $Nil    $339 

G.

Safe Harbor

The Company seeks safe harbor for our forward-looking statements contained in Items 5.E and F. See the heading "Cautionary“Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements"Statements” above.

Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
Item 6.

Directors, Senior Management and Employees

A.

Directors and Senior Management

The following is a list of the Company'sCompany’s directors and executive officers. The directors were elected by the Company'sCompany’s shareholders on June 29, 2015May 22, 2019 and are elected for a term of one year, which term expires at the election of the directors at the next annual meeting of shareholders.

The Board adopted a majority voting policy in May 2013. If the number of shares "withheld"“withheld” from voting for the election of a nominee is greater than the number of shares voted "for"“for” his or her election, the director must submit his or her resignation to the ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board promptly after the shareholders'shareholders’ meeting. The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board (the "CGNC"“CGNC”) will consider the resignation and will recommend to the Board whether or not to accept it. After considering the recommendations of the CGNC, the Board will make its decision as to whether to accept or reject the resignation in question and the Company will announce the Board'sBoard’s decision, including any reasons for the Board not accepting a resignation, within 90 days following the shareholders'shareholders’ meeting. The policy does not apply if there is a contested director election or where the election involves a proxy battle.

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The Company'sCompany’s Board consists of six directors. The following is a brief account of the education and business experience of each director and executive officer, indicating each person'sperson’s principal occupation during the last five years.

The Rt. Honourable Lord Howard of Lympne, Chairman

Mark Bailey,Non-Executive Chair and Director,

The Rt. Honourable Lord Howard of Lympne ("Michael Howard" or "Lord Howard") has been a director of the Company since May 16, 2007, served as the Company's non-executive Deputy Chairman between May 16, 2007 and June 27, 2013 and was appointed non-executive Chairman on June 27, 2013.
He is the former leader of the Conservative Party in Britain, a distinguished lawyer, and served as a Member of Parliament in Britain for 27 years. He filled many government posts, including Home Secretary, Secretary of State for Employment and Secretary of State for the Environment, as well as Shadow Foreign Secretary and Shadow Chancellor. After his retirement from the House of Commons at the 2010 General Election, Lord Howard was created a Life Peer.  He was created a Companion of Honour in the Queen's Birthday Honours List, 2011.
James Harris, Director
Mr. Harris has been a director of the Company since January 29, 2003, served as the Company's non-executive Chairman between March 15, 2006 and June 27, 2013 and served as the Company's non-executive Deputy Chairman between June 27, 2013 and February 28, 2015.
Mr. Harris was formerly a corporate, securities and business lawyer with over 30 years' experience in Canada and internationally.  He has extensive experience with the acquisition and disposition of assets, corporate structuring and restructuring, regulatory requirements and corporate filings, and corporate governance.  Mr. Harris was also a Founding Member of the Legal Advisory Committee of the former Vancouver Stock Exchange.  Mr. Harris has completed the Directors' Education Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors and is an Institute accredited Director.  Mr. Harris has also completed a graduate course in business at the London School of Economics.
Mark Bailey, Director
71

Mr. Bailey has been a director of the Company since June 28, 2002.

On February 5, 2018, Mr. Bailey was appointedNon-Executive Chair of the Board.

Mr. Bailey is a mining executive and registered professional geologist with 39over 40 years of industry experience. He has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Core Gold Inc. since March 2019. Between 1995 and 2012, he was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Minefinders Corporation Ltd. ("Minefinders"(“Minefinders”), a precious metals mining company that operated the multi-million ounce Dolores gold and silver mine in Mexico before being acquired by Pan American Silver Corp. Before joining Minefinders, Mr. Bailey held senior positions with Equinox Resources Inc. and Exxon Minerals. Since 1984, Mr. Bailey has worked as a consulting geologist with Mark H. Bailey & Associates LLC. Mr. Bailey is currently thenon-executive Chairman of the Board of Fiore Gold Ltd. and was a director of Northern Lion Gold Corp.Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay.

James Harris, Director, 68

Mr. Harris has been a director of the Company since January 29, 2003, served as the Company’sNon-Executive Chair between March 15, 2006 and Dynasty MetalsJune 27, 2013 and Mining Inc.

served as the Company’sNon-Executive Deputy Chair between June 27, 2013 and February 28, 2015.

Mr. Harris was formerly a corporate, securities and business lawyer with over 30 years’ experience in Canada and internationally. He has extensive experience with the acquisition and disposition of assets, corporate structuring and restructuring, regulatory requirements and corporate filings, and corporate governance. Mr. Harris was also a Founding Member of the Legal Advisory Committee of the former Vancouver Stock Exchange. Mr. Harris has completed the Directors’ Education Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors and is an Institute accredited Director (ICD.D). Mr. Harris has also completed a graduate course in business at the London School of Economics. Mr. Harris was a director of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay.

Alan Edwards, Director,

62

Mr. Edwards has been a director of the Company since March 8, 2011.

Mr. Edwards has more than 3035 years of diverse mining industry experience. He is a graduate of the University of Arizona, where he obtained a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mining Engineering and an MBA (Finance). Mr. Edwards is currently the President of AE Consulting, a ColoradoResources Corp., an Arizona based company. Mr. Edwards is a director of Americas Gold and Silver Corporation and Orvana Minerals Corp. He served as the non-executive ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. He also served as thenon-executive Chairman of Rise Gold Corp. from April 2017 to September 2018, AQM Copper Inc., from October 2011 to January 2017 and is a director of Americas Silver Corporation. He served as the non-executive Chairman of the Board of AuRico Gold Inc. (Alamos Gold Inc. following its combination with AuRico Gold in July 2015) from July 2013 to November 2015, and2015. Mr. Edwards served as the Chief Executive Officer of Oracle Mining Corporation, a Vancouver based company, from 2012 to 2013. He also previously served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Copper One Inc. from 2009 to 2011, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontera Copper Corporation, from 2007 to 2009, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Apex Silver Mines Corporation, from 2004 to 2007, where he directed the engineering, construction and development of the San Cristobal project in Bolivia. Mr. Edwards has also worked for Kinross Gold Corporation, P.T. Freeport Indonesia, Cyprus Amax Minerals Company and Phelps Dodge Mining Company, where he started his career.

114

Gorden Glenn, Director
Mr. Glenn has been a director of the Company since June 18, 2012.
Mr. Glenn has over 27 years of mining, exploration and investment banking experience.  He has been the Chairman of Geodex Minerals Ltd. since November 2014 and was appointed its Interim President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2015. Geodex Minerals is a Canadian-based resource company with a focus on gold trading and the consolidation of specialty metals projects in Latin America and internationally. He has been the Chief Executive Officer and President of Minnova Corp. since July 2012 and also serves as Minnova's Chairman. Minnova is an emerging Canadian gold producer focused on re-starting the PL Mine and expanding gold resources on its PL and Nokomis gold deposits in Manitoba. Between December 2011 and April 2012, Mr. Glenn served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of AMR Mineral Metal Inc.  Prior to that, Mr. Glenn was the Managing Director of Mining Investment Banking for Desjardins Securities. Mr. Glenn is currently a director of Aurora Gold Corp. and Source Exploration Corp.

Anna Stylianides, Director,

54

Ms. Stylianides has been a director of the Company since July 13, 2015.


Ms. Stylianides has over 20 years of experience in global capital markets and has spent much of her career in investment banking, private equity, and corporate management and restructuring. She began her career in corporate law by joining the firm of Webber Wentzel Attorneys in 1990 after graduating from the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa. In 1992, she joined Investec Merchant Bank Limited where she specialized in risk management and gained extensive experience in the areas of corporate finance, structured finance, mergers and acquisitions, structuring, specialized finance and other banking and financial services transactions. She was also involved in designing and structuring of financial products for financial institutions and corporations.

Ms. Styliandes is currentlywas most recently the Executive Co-ChairmanChairman of Eco Oro Minerals Corp. (“Eco Oro”), a precious metals exploration and mining development company with a portfolio of projects in northeastern Colombia, and is currently a director of Eco Oro, Sabina Gold & Silver Corp., Capfin Partners, LLC, Altius Minerals Corporation and the Fraser Institute.

Michael Price, Director, 64

Dr. Price has been a director of the Company since February 5, 2018.

Dr. Price has over 35 years of experience in mining and mining finance. He is currently aNon-Executive Director of Eldorado Gold Corp. and Asanko Gold Inc. and is the London Representative of Resource Capital Funds. During his career, Dr. Price has served as Managing Director, Joint Global Head of Mining and Metals, Barclays Capital, Managing Director, Global Head of Mining and Metals, Societe Generale and Head of Resource Banking and Metals Trading, NM Rothschild and Sons. Dr. Price has B.Sc. and Ph.D. qualifications in Mining Engineering from University College Cardiff and he has a Mine Manager’s Certificate of Competency (South Africa).

Stephen Scott, InterimPresident, Chief Executive Officer

and Director, 59

Mr. Scott was appointed to the position of Interim Chief FinancialExecutive Officer on November 16, 2015.

He was appointed to the positions of President, Chief Executive Officer and director on April 1, 2016.

Mr. Scott has more than twenty fiveover 30 years of global experience in all mining industry sectors. Most recentlyBefore joining the Company, he was the President of Minenet Advisors, a capital markets and management advisory consultancy providing a broad range of advice and services to clients relating to planning and execution of capital markets transactions, strategic planning, generation and acquisition of projects, and business restructuring. Between 2000 and 2014, heMr. Scott held various global executive positions with Rio Tinto including General Manager Commercial, Rio Tinto Copper and currently servesPresident and Director of Rio Tinto Indonesia. He is an experienced public company director having served as an independent director on the board of directorsboards of a number of publicTSX and privateAIM listed public mining companies.

Bruce Colwill, Mr. Scott holds a Bachelor of Business and Graduate Certificate in Corporate Secretarial Practises from Curtin University in Western Australia. Mr. Scott was also the President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay.

Duane Lo, Chief Financial Officer,

46

Mr. ColwillLo was appointed to the position of Interim Chief Financial Officer on April 1, 2016 and was appointed to the position of Chief Financial Officer on FebruaryNovember 1, 2011.

2016.

Mr. ColwillLo has over almost 20 years of experience with publicin accounting and private companies,financial management, the majority of which has been spent in a varietythe financing, management and administration of sectors including oilmining operations and gas, biotech, financial servicesdevelopment projects in Brazil, Africa and manufacturing.  Most recently,other jurisdictions. Mr. Colwill served asLo was also the Chief Financial Officer of Transeuro Energy Corp., a public oilMason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. He was previously the Executive Vice President and gas company and acted as a financial consultant to private and public companies.  Between 2001 and 2009, Mr. Colwill served as Chief Financial Officer of Neuromed PharmaceuticalsLuna Gold Corp. and Corporate Controller for First Quantum Minerals Ltd. Mr. Colwill began his career with KPMG, firstLo was also employed at Deloitte in Canadathe assurance and then in Poland.  Mr. Colwill isadvisory practice. He holds a Chartered Professional Accountant, and a member of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants andAccountant (CPA, CA) designation from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia. Mr. Colwill holdsLo is currently a BBA from Simon Fraser University.

director of Fengro Industries Corp. and Golden Ridge Resources Ltd.

Susan McLeod, Vice President, Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary,

48

Ms. McLeod joined the Company as Vice President, Legal Affairs on September 22, 2010 and was appointed Corporate Secretary on November 22, 2010.

115

Ms. McLeod was also the Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. Prior to joining Entrée, Ms. McLeod was in private practise in Vancouver, Canada since 1997, most recently with Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP (from 2008 to 2010) and P. MacNeill Law Corporation (from 2003 to 2008). She has worked as outside counsel to public companies engaged in international mineral exploration and mining. She has advised clients with respect to corporate finance activities, mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance and continuous disclosure matters, and mining-related commercial agreements. Ms. McLeod holds a B.Sc. and an LLB from the University of British Columbia and is a member of the Law Society of British Columbia.

Robert Cinits, Vice President, Corporate Development
Mr. Cinits has been the Company's Vice President, Corporate Development since January 1, 2014.  Prior to that, he was the Company's Vice President, Technical Services from June 27, 2013 to December 31, 2013, and the Company's Director of Technical Services from July, 2011 to June 26, 2013.
Mr. Cinits has extensive experience in project management and development and geological consulting.  Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Cinits was the Chief Operating Officer for MinCore Inc., a private, Toronto-based exploration company with projects in Sinaloa, Mexico, from 2007 to 2011.  From 2003 through 2006, Mr. Cinits worked for AMEC as the Manager of Geology and Mining for the Lima Peru office.  He was involved in numerous feasibility and prefeasibility studies, as well as PEAs, resource estimates and mine and project audits/reviews throughout South America and other locations worldwide.  Mr. Cinits has also worked for several consulting groups and junior mining companies since 1985.  Mr. Cinits holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Geology from the University of Toronto and is a member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia and the Society of Economic Geologists.
Columbia.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships between any directors or executive officers of the Company.

Arrangements

There are no known arrangements or understandings with any major shareholders, customers, suppliers or others, pursuant to which any of the Company'sCompany’s officers or directors was selected as an officer or director of the Company.

Conflicts of Interest

There are no existing or potential conflicts of interest among the Company, its directors, officers or promoters as a result of their outside business interests with the exception that certain of the Company'sCompany’s directors, officers and promoters serve as directors, officers and promoters of other companies, and, therefore, it is possible that a conflict may arise between their duties as a director, officer or promoter of the Company and their duties as a director or officer of such other companies.

The directors and officers of the Company are aware of the existence of laws governing accountability of directors and officers for corporate opportunity and requiring disclosures by directors of conflicts of interest and the Company will rely upon such laws in respect of any directors'directors’ and officers'officers’ conflicts of interest or in respect of any breaches of duty by any of its directors or officers. All such conflicts will be disclosed by such directors or officers in accordance with the BCBCA, and they will govern themselves in respect thereof to the best of their ability in accordance with the obligations imposed upon them by law.

The majority of the Company'sCompany’s directors are also directors, officers or shareholders of other companies that are engaged in the business of acquiring, developing and exploiting natural resource properties including properties in countries where the Company is conducting its operations. Such associations may give rise to conflicts of interest from time to time. Such a conflict poses the risk that the Company may enter into a transaction on terms which place the Company in a worse position than if no conflict existed. The directors of the Company are required by law to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the Company and to disclose any interest which they may have in any project or opportunity of the Company. However, each director has a similar obligation to other companies for which such director serves as an officer or director. The Company has no specificCompany’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) sets out the Company’s internal policy governing conflictsregarding the avoidance of interest.

any relationship which could create a conflict of interest and the disclosure of such relationships and conflicts. The Code of Ethics also offers specific guidance in respect of certain conflict of interest situations.

B.

Compensation

For the purposes of this Annual Report, "executive officer"“executive officer” of the Company means an individual who at any time during the year was the Chair, or a Vice-Chair or President of the Company; any Vice President in charge of a principal business unit, division or function including sales, finance or production; and any individual who performed a policy-making function in respect of the Company.

116

Set out below are particulars of compensation paid to the following persons (the "Named“Named Executive Officers"Officers” or "NEOs"“NEOs”):

1.

a chief executive officer ("CEO"(“CEO”);

2.

a chief financial officer ("CFO"(“CFO”);

3.

each of the three most highly compensated executive officers, or the three most highly compensated individuals acting in a similar capacity, other than the CEO and CFO, at the end of the most recently completed financial year whose total compensation was, individually, more than C$150,000 for that financial year; and

4.

any individual who would be a NEO under paragraph (3) but for the fact that the individual was neither an executive officer of the Company, nor acting in a similar capacity, at the end of that financial year.

As at December 31, 2015,2019, the end of the most recently completed financial year of the Company, the Company had seventhree NEOs.

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

The Compensation Committee of the Board typically meets in the fall of each year to discuss and determine the recommendations that it will make to the Board regarding managementexecutive officer compensation. The general objectives of the Company'sCompany’s compensation strategy are to (a) compensate managementexecutive officers in a manner that encourages and rewards a high level of performance and outstanding results with a view to increasing long-term shareholder value; (b) align management'smanagement’s interests with the long-term interests of shareholders; (c) provide a compensation package that is commensurate with other comparable mineral exploration companies to enable the Company to attract and retain talent; and (d) ensure that the total compensation package is designed in a manner that takes into account the constraintsfact that the Company is under by virtue of the fact that it is a junior mineral exploration company without a history of earnings, current market and industry circumstances and the Company'sCompany’s ability to raise capital.

In the course of its annual management compensation evaluation, the Compensation Committee considers, among such other factors as it may deem relevant, management'sthe CEO’s recommendations with respect to compensation of other executive officers, the extent to which corporate goals have been achieved, the Company'sCompany’s overall performance, the value of similar incentive awards to executive officers at comparable companies; awards given to managementexecutive officers in prior years, and general market conditions and economic outlook.  General corporate goals for 2015 set by management and approved by the Board included resolving outstanding issues related to the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongolia; increasing corporate development activities through evaluation of merger and acquisition opportunities as well as potential strategic investors for the Ann Mason Project; and implementing cost-cutting and cash preservation measures.  Specific corporate targets were not defined.

The Compensation Committee generally considers three elements of compensation – a base salary for the next financial year, a discretionary cash bonus to reward superior performance and a grantan award of long-term incentive stock options. Base salary comprises the portion of executive compensation that is fixed, whereas discretionary cash bonuses and option basedoption-based compensation represent compensation that is "at risk"“at risk” depending on whether the executive officer is able to meet or exceed his or her applicable performance expectations, and overall performance of the Company. No specific formula has been developed to assign a specific weighting to each of these components. Rather, the Compensation Committee focuses on ensuring that the total compensation package for each NEOexecutive officer meets the general objectives of the Company'sCompany’s compensation strategy.

Base salary is used to provide the NEOsexecutive officers a set amount of money during the year with the expectation that each NEOexecutive officer will perform his or her responsibilities to the best of his or her ability and in the best interests of the Company. Generally, the Compensation Committee makes recommendations regarding each NEO'sexecutive officer’s base salary for the upcoming year after taking multiple factors into account, including the overall performance of the Company, general market performance and economic outlook, the performance of the NEO, the NEO's experience level and particular responsibilities and a review of base salaries paid to executive officers of comparable companies.

117

companies, the performance of the executive officer, and the executive officer’s experience level and responsibilities.

The grantingawarding of incentive stock options provides a link between managementexecutive officer compensation and the Company's Common ShareCompany’s share price. It also rewards management for achieving results that improve Company performance and thereby increase shareholder value. Stock options are generally awarded to executive officers at the commencement of employment and periodically thereafter. In making a determination as to whether a grantan award of long-term incentive stock options is appropriate, and if so, the number of options that should be granted,awarded, the Compensation Committee will consider:consider, among such other factors as it may deem relevant, the value in securities of the Company that the Compensation Committee intends to award as compensation;compensation, current and expected future performance of the NEO;executive officer, the potential dilution to shareholders and the cost to the Company;Company, previous grantsawards made to the NEO; option grants made to executive officers of comparable companies;officer and the limits imposed by the terms of the Company'sCompany’s Stock Option Plan (the "Plan"“Plan”) and the TSX. The Company considers the grantingawarding of incentive stock options to be a particularly important element of compensation as it allows the Company to encourage and reward each NEO'sexecutive officer’s efforts to increase value for shareholders without requiring the Company to use cash from its treasury. The terms and conditions of the Company'sCompany’s stock option grants,awards, including vesting provisions and exercise prices, are determined by the Board at the time of grant,award, subject to the limits imposed by the terms of the Plan.

Finally, the Compensation Committee will consider whether it is appropriate and in the best interests of the Company to award a discretionary cash bonus to the NEOsexecutive officers and if so, in what amount.  A cash bonus may be awarded to reward extraordinary performance that has led to, among other achievements, strategic property acquisitions or divestitures, achieving corporate development or property exploration milestones, and capital raising efforts.  Demonstrations of extraordinary personal commitment to the Company's interests, the community and the industry may also be rewarded through a cash bonus.

The mineral exploration and development business is extremely competitive, and the Company is dependent on individuals with specialized skills and knowledge related to the exploration for and development of mineral prospects, regulatory matters, corporate finance and management.  Therefore, it is important that the Company provide competitive compensation to attract and retain such talent.
Since 2011, general economic malaise, market decline and volatility in commodity prices have been ongoing, with few signs of recovery, and junior exploration companies continue to have difficulty raising capital on favorable terms.  Accordingly, in order to preserve cash, NEO salaries have generally been held to 2011 levels and discretionary bonuses have not been awarded, despite the fact that certain corporate objectives have been achieved, and many peer companies have increased salaries for, and awarded bonuses to, executive officers.
An exception to this was the award of discretionary bonuses to management in February 2013.  Following the February 2013 closing of the approximately $55 million financing package with Sandstorm, management proposed to the Compensation Committee that discretionary cash bonuses be awarded to management to reward them for corporate goals achieved between January 2011 and March 2013, including raising approximately $71 million through the Sandstorm transaction and a marketed short form prospectus offering in late 2011. The Compensation Committee evaluated the performance of the NEOs taking into account all of the factors described above.  At the conclusion of its management compensation evaluation, the Compensation Committee recommended that discretionary bonuses be awarded to the NEOs (which recommendation was approved by the Board).
Management has also annually proposed, and the Compensation Committee has recommended, option grants for directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company, as a means of rewarding performance without depleting the Company's treasury.
In August 2013, the Compensation Committee retained LaneCaputo Compensation Inc. ("LaneCaputo") to prepare an Executive Compensation Review to assist the Compensation Committee in the review of compensation arrangements for the Company's senior management team and independent directors and to recommend required changes (if any) to pay elements and strategy to align the Company with current market practices.  LaneCaputo benchmarked the compensation arrangements of the Company's executives and directors against a peer group of mining companies with similar operations.  The criteria that were used by LaneCaputo to develop the peer group included relevant peer companies at similar stages of development, operating in the same regional geography, and companies from approximately half of the Company's market capitalization to roughly double the Company's market capitalization.  Access to capital tends to determine the pay mix to a certain extent, therefore matching the development stages of peer companies is important.  The magnitude of executive compensation is also correlated to the size of an organization the executives oversee, therefore organizations with significant enough resources to warrant a prefeasibility study were included.  In addition, geographical similarity allows for a more accurate benchmarking of comparable skillsets used to manage domestic versus international operations.  The Company has operations in both arenas therefore companies with similar challenges were also included.  The following companies were in the peer group developed by LaneCaputo:
118

Almaden Minerals Ltd.
Midas Gold Corp.
Asanko Gold Inc.
NovaCopper Inc.
Augusta Resource Corp.
Oracle Mining Corp.
Chesapeake Gold Corp.
Paramount Gold & Silver Corp.
Copper Fox Metals Inc.
Pilot Gold Inc.
Eco Oro Minerals Corp.
Quaterra Resources Inc.
Exeter Resource Corp.
Redhawk Resources Inc.
Lumina Copper Corp.
Sabina Gold & Silver Corp.
MAG Silver Corp.
Wildcat Silver Corp.
The Compensation Committee met in December 2013 to consider the findings and recommendations of LaneCaputo.  In particular, LaneCaputo did not recommend increasing base salaries for any of the NEOs for 2014.  LaneCaputo did however recommend that a bonus pool be established, from which discretionary cash bonuses tied to the achievement of goals for 2014 could be awarded to management.  The Board accepted the Compensation Committee's recommendation to establish a pool of C$500,000, which can be increased at the Board's discretion in the event of exceptional work by management.  The pool does not represent a guaranteed bonus for management. The extent to which management has achieved goals for the year will be evaluated by the Compensation Committee and the Board, and the actual amount of discretionary cash bonuses that will be paid out, if any, will be recommended by the Compensation Committee and approved by the Board in its discretion based upon that evaluation.
In late 2014,

Administrative Services Agreement with Mason Resources

Effective May 9, 2017, the Compensation Committee receivedCompany entered into an Administrative Services Agreement with Mason Resources (the “Administrative Services Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company provided office space, furnishings and equipment, communications facilities and personnel necessary for Mason Resources to fulfill its basicday-to-day head office and executive responsibilities on a proposal from managementpro-rata cost-recovery basis. Mason Resources terminated the Administrative Services Agreement on December 19, 2018, concurrently with respect to NEO compensation for 2015.  Management provided updated data from the peer group that LaneCaputo developed (excluding Lumina Copper Corp. and Oracle Mining Corp.) as well as Nevada Copper Corp., NGEx Resources Inc. and SilverCrest Mines Inc.  Management's compensation proposal took noteclosing of the continuing haltacquisition of Mason Resources by Hudbay.

During the term of the Administrative Services Agreement, Mason Resources’ executive officers did not receive salaried compensation from Mason Resources. Instead Mason Resources had sufficient access to development at the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine in Mongolia, the continuing need to preserve capital and thus limit development of Ann Mason, and the Company's ongoing efforts to identify a beneficial merger and acquisition opportunity.  Management's compensation proposal also took noteuse of the complexityCompany’s executive officers to enable Mason Resources to achieve its corporate goals and objectives. The Company was the sole employer and was responsible for paying 100% of executive officer salaries for services provided by executive officers to both the issues that management is dealing with,Company and Mason Resources. The Company then invoiced Mason Resources for its proportionate share of actual costs for the key milestonesexecutive officers, including base salary, benefits, vacation pay, perquisites, professional memberships and corporate objectives that had been met during 2014,continuing education expenses. The Company could also propose discretionary cash bonuses to be allocated between the Company and Mason Resources to reward exceptional service by executive officers to Mason Resources and the fact that NEO salaries have been kept to 2011 levels while some peer companies continue to provide salary increases to their executive officers.Company, taken as a whole.

The

2019 Compensation Committee evaluated the performance of the NEOs, taking into account the factors described above.  The Compensation Committee accepted management's proposal, and recommended to the Board that the NEOs receive salary increases in the order of 3% effective January 1, 2015, but that no discretionary bonuses be awarded from the bonus pool.  At the Board meeting held to consider, and ultimately approve, the Compensation Committee's recommendations, the Company's CEO, Gregory Crowe, voluntarily declined his salary increase.

Assessments

In late 2015,December 2018, the Compensation Committee met to discuss NEOexecutive officer compensation for 2016. The Compensation Committee noted that management was in the process of implementing steps to significantly reduce overhead in 2016,2019 and determined that no salary increases or discretionary cash bonuses for NEOs should be recommended to the Board at thisthat time.

In connection with the appointment of Stephen Scott as Interim CEO in November 2015, the Company agreed to grant to Mr. Scott, as an inducement for his service, up to 500,000 Common Shares (the “Bonus Shares”). Under the terms of Mr. Scott’s employment agreement with the Company, as amended, the Bonus Shares were issuable at the discretion of the Board, based on the achievement of the Company’s strategic direction or the achievement of one or more fundamental transactions, provided the Bonus Shares would not be issued and Mr. Scott would have no entitlement to receive any of the Bonus Shares after December 31, 2018. The grant was made outside the Company’s existing shareholder approved equity incentive plans. The Company could, at its option, satisfy any obligation to issue Bonus Shares by making a cash payment to Mr. Scott equivalent to the then market price of the Bonus Shares. The Board authorized the issuance of 100,000 Bonus Shares to Mr. Scott effective May 5, 2017, immediately prior to completion of the Arrangement.

In December 2018, the Compensation Committee met to discuss executive officer compensation for 2019 and determined that no salary increases or discretionary cash bonuses should be recommended to the Board at that time. The Compensation Committee noted that no further Bonus Shares could be issued to Mr. Scott under the terms of his employment agreement with the Company, as amended. The Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that a cash bonus of up to C$200,000 be paid to Mr. Scott if the Company completes a fundamental transaction by December 31, 2019 or such later date as may be approved by the Board. The Board approved the Compensation Committee’s recommendation and also directed the Compensation Committee to establish a separate bonus pool from which discretionary cash bonuses may be allocated and distributed to other executive officers (excluding the CEO) if the Company completes a fundamental transaction by December 31, 2019 or such later date as may be approved by the Board. In September 2019, the Board approved a separate bonus pool for executive officers (excluding the CEO) of up to C$150,000. In December 2019, the Board extended the date by which a fundamental transaction must be completed to December 31, 2020.

In December 2019, the Compensation Committee met to discuss executive officer compensation for 2020 and recommended modest salary increases for Mr. Scott (5.23% increase to C$342,000 per annum), Mr. Lo (3.47% increase to C$155,200 per annum based on 65% full time equivalent (“FTE”)) and Ms. McLeod (5.15% increase to C$265,000 per annum) effective January 1, 2020. In determining that salary increases were appropriate, the Board noted that Ms. McLeod had not had a salary increase since January 1, 2015 and Mr. Scott and Mr. Lo had not had salary increases since they commenced employment in 2016. The Board also approved the Compensation Committee’s recommendation to award modest discretionary cash bonuses to the NEOs for their work in 2018 and 2019 as follows:

NEODiscretionary Cash Bonus Paid to NEO in 2019 (C$)

Stephen Scott

$22,000

Duane Lo

$11,000 (based on 65% FTE)

Susan McLeod

$17,000

Management has also annually proposed, and the Compensation Committee has recommended, option awards for directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company, as a means of rewarding performance without depleting the Company’s treasury.

The Board can exercise discretion to award compensation absent attainment of corporate goals or to reduce or increase the size of any award. The Board did not exercise this discretion in 20152019 with respect to any NEO.

In the course of conducting its annual review of compensation, the Compensation Committee considers the implications and risks associated with the Company'sCompany’s executive compensation policies, philosophy and practices. As discussed above, the Compensation Committee follows an overall compensation model which ensures that an adequate portion of overall compensation for the NEOsexecutive officers is "at risk"“at risk” and only realized through the performance of the Company over both the short-term and long-term. The Compensation Committee reviews the model to ensure that there are sufficient features to mitigate the incentive for excessive risk taking. Some of the key risk mitigating features include:

·

balanced design, between fixed and variable pay and between short-term and long-term incentives; and

·consistent program design among all executive officers and within the Company as a whole; and
·

a greater reward opportunity derived from long-term incentives compared to short-term incentives, creating a greater focus on sustained performance over time.

119

The Company does not permit its executive officers or directors to hedge any of the equity compensation granted to them.

Compensation Governance

The Compensation Committee is composed of James Harris (chair), Mark Bailey (chair), Gord Glenn, James Harris and Alan Edwards, all of whom are independent directors, applying the definition set out in section 1.4 of National Instrument52-110Audit Committees (“NI52-110”). ("NI 52-110") and under Section 803A of the NYSE MKT Company Guide. Each member of the Compensation Committee has served on various other public company boards, which gives them sufficient direct experience in executive compensation to assist them in making decisions about the suitability of the Company'sCompany’s compensation practices and policies. For a description of each committee member'smember’s experience, see "Item“Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees – A. Directors and Senior Management"Management” above.

The Board has adopted a Compensation Committee Charter, which governs the organization of the Compensation Committee and sets out the duties and responsibilities of the chair and the Compensation Committee as a whole.

The primary objective of the Compensation Committee is to discharge the responsibilities of the Board relating to compensation and benefits of the executive officers and directors of the Company. The Committee shall consist of three or more directors appointed by the Board, each of whom must be independent. The Committee shall meet as many times as it deems necessary, but not less frequently than one time per year. The CEO may not be present during the Compensation Committee'sCommittee’s voting or deliberations.

Responsibilities of the Compensation Committee include:

·

Reviewing and approving on an annual basis corporate goals and objectives relevant to CEO compensation, evaluating the CEO'sCEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives and setting the CEO'sCEO’s compensation level based on this evaluation. In determining the long-term incentive component of CEO compensation, the Compensation Committee will consider, among such other factors as it may deem relevant, the Company'sCompany’s performance, shareholder returns, the value of similar incentive awards to chief executive officers at comparable companies and the awards given to the CEO in past years;

·

Reviewing and approving on an annual basis the adequacy and form of compensation and benefits of all other executive officers and directors, and making recommendations to the Board in that regard;

·

Making recommendations to the Board with respect to the Plan and any other incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans;

·

Determining the recipients of, and the nature and size of share compensation awards and bonuses granted from time to time, in compliance with applicable securities law, stock exchanges and other regulatory requirements; and

·

Approving inducement grants, which include grants of options or stock to new employees in connection with a merger or acquisition, as well as anytax-qualified,non-discriminatory employee benefit plans or non-parallel non-qualifiednon-parallelnon-qualified plans, to new employees.

The Compensation Committee is acutely aware of the dual responsibility thatnon-executive directors have for overseeing the Company'sCompany’s corporate governance and long-term sustainability, as well as its compensation plans. In the course of determining compensation fornon-executive directors, the Compensation Committee tries to ensure thatnon-executive director interests are closely aligned with those of shareholders, and that best practices for corporate governance are observed in the course of structuringnon-executive director pay. In particular, the Compensation Committee is committed to structuring director pay in a manner that enables directors to maintain their independence. One of the ways that the Compensation Committee attempts to achieve this is by imposing reasonable limits on independent director participation in the Plan.

The Compensation Committee has the authority to retain outside advisors, including the sole authority to retain or terminate consultants to assist the Compensation Committee in the evaluation of compensation of senior managementexecutive officers and directors.  In August 2013, the Compensation Committee retained LaneCaputo to prepare an Executive Compensation Review to assist the Compensation Committee in the review of compensation arrangements for the Company's senior management team and independent directors and to recommend required changes (if any) to pay elements and strategy to align the Company with current market practices. 

No compensation consultant or advisor has been retained by the Company, and no fees have been paid to a compensation consultant or advisor, in either of the Company'sCompany’s two most recently completed financial years.

120

Summary Compensation Table

The following table is a summary of compensation paid or granted to the NEOs for the last three financial years ending December 31, 2015, 20142019, 2018 and 2013.

Name and Principal PositionYear
Salary
(US$)(4)
Share-based awards
(US$)
Option-based awards (1)
(US$)(4)
Non-equity incentive plan compensation
(US$)(2) (4)
Pension value
(US$)(2)
All other compensation
(US$)(3) (4)
Total compensation
(US$)(4)
     
Annual
incentive plans
Long-term
incentive plans
   
Gregory Crowe,
President and CEO(5)
2015$205,473Nil$0NilNilNil$471,830$677,303
2014$280,148Nil$27,986NilNilNilNil$308,134
2013$305,566Nil$154,763$141,030NilNil$22,330$623,689
Stephen Scott,
Interim CEO(6)
2015NilNil$77,612$18,064NilNil$18,763$114,439
2014NilNilNilNilNilNilNil$0
2013NilNilNilNilNilNilNil$0
Bruce Colwill,
CFO(7)
2015$184,249Nil$18,291NilNilNilNil$202,540
2014$211,189Nil$23,321NilNilNilNil$234,510
2013$230,350Nil$114,094$112,824NilNilNil$457,268
Mona Forster,
Executive Vice President(8)
2015$158,323Nil$0NilNilNil$297,125$455,448
2014$210,111Nil$20,989NilNilNilNil$231,100
2013$229,175Nil$100,538$112,824NilNilNil$442,537
Robert Cann,
Vice President, Exploration(9)
2015$182,081Nil$0NilNilNil$320,215$502,296
2014$210,111Nil$20,989NilNilNilNil$231,100
2013$229,175Nil$95,095$94,020NilNilNil$418,290
Susan McLeod,
Vice President, Legal Affairs & Corporate Secretary
2015$182,081Nil$16,096NilNilNilNil$198,177
2014$211,189Nil$20,989NilNilNilNil$232,178
2013$230,350Nil$105,980$112,824NilNilNil$449,154
Robert Cinits,
Vice President,
Corporate Development
2015$182,081Nil$16,096NilNilNilNil$198,177
2014$198,259Nil$20,989NilNilNilNil$219,248
2013$192,742Nil$104,595$84,618NilNilNil$381,955
121

2017.

 

Name and

Principal

Position

  

 

Year

   

 

Salary

(US$)(3)

   

Share-
based
  awards  

(US$)(4)

  

Option-
based
  awards (1)  

(US$)

   

 

Non-equity incentive

plan compensation

(US$)(2) (3)

  

 

  Pension  
value
(US$)

  

 

All other
compensation
(US$)(3)

   

 

Total
compensation
(US$)

 
  

 

Annual
incentive
plans

   

 

Long-

term
  incentive  
plans

          

 

Stephen Scott,

 

President and
CEO(5)

 

   2019    $250,231   Nil   $76,495    $16,939   Nil  Nil   Nil    $343,665 
  

 

 

 

2018

 

 

  

 

 

 

$236,860(6)(7)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

$109,387

 

 

  

 

 

 

$58,642(6)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$404,890(6)

 

 

  

 

 

 

2017

 

 

  

 

 

 

$223,692(6)

 

 

  

 

$45,094

  

 

 

 

$78,934

 

 

  

 

 

 

$79,890

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$427,610(6)

 

 

          

 

Duane Lo,

 

CFO

   2019    $115,491   Nil   $38,248    $8,469   Nil  Nil   Nil    $162,208 
  

 

 

 

2018

 

 

  

 

 

 

$151,188(8)(9)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

$54,694

 

 

  

 

 

 

$26,389(8)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$232,270(8)

 

 

  

 

 

 

2017

 

 

  

 

 

 

$179,753(8)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

$48,575

 

 

  

 

 

 

$25,565

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$253,893(8)

 

 

          

 

Susan McLeod,

 

Vice President, Legal Affairs & Corporate Secretary

   2019    $194,025   Nil   $38,248    $13,089   Nil  Nil   Nil    $245,362 
  

 

 

 

2018

 

 

  

 

 

 

$184,724(10)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

$54,694

 

 

  

 

 

 

$29,321(10)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$268,738(10)

 

 

  

 

 

 

2017

 

 

  

 

 

 

$201,323(10)

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

$54,646

 

 

  

 

 

 

$28,760

 

 

  

 

Nil

  

 

Nil

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

  

 

 

 

$284,729(10)

 

 

(1)

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for determining fair value of stock options issued at the grant date. The Company selected the Black-Scholes option-pricing model because it is widely used in estimating option basedoption-based compensation values by Canadian and U.S. public companies. The practice of the Company is to grant all option basedoption-based awards in Canadian currency, and then convert the grant date fair value amount to United States currency for reporting the value of the grants in the Company'sCompany’s financials. The conversion rate for each grant is the average of the rates quoted by the Bank of Canada as its noon spotdaily average exchange rate of the last day of the three months in the quarter in which the grant is made. The conversion rates for the purpose of the grants in this table are presented below and are based on the applicable conversion rate on the date of grant, each as supplied by the Bank of Canada.

(2)

The Company does not have a formal annual incentive program, however, bonuses are granted as determined by the Compensation Committee and approved by the Board on an individual basis. The Company does not presently have a pension incentive plan for any of its executive officers, including its NEOs.

(3)Other Compensation includes amounts paid out for vacation time earned, but not taken.
(4)

All compensation is negotiated and settled in Canadian dollars. The exchange rate used to convert 20152019 compensation to US$ is 1.3840 (20141.2988 (20181.1601; 20131.3642; 20171.0636)1.2517).

(4)

Mr. Scott received 100,000 Bonus Shares on May 5, 2017. The fair value of the share-based award at the grant date is calculated using the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the TSX on May 5, 2017. The grant date fair value amount is then converted to United States currency using the rate quoted by the Bank of Canada as its daily average exchange rate for May 5, 2017 (1.3749).

(5)

Mr. Crowe ceased to be President and CEO of the Company effective November 13, 2015. Mr. Crowe wasScott is also a director of the Company. Mr. CroweScott did not receive compensation from the Company for acting as a director, and no portion of the total compensation disclosed above was received by Mr. CroweScott as compensation for acting as a director. Mr. Crowe's severance payment resulting from termination of his employment is reported as Other Compensation.

(6)

Mr. Scott was appointed Interimalso the President and CEO of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. The Company is Mr. Scott’s employer and was responsible for paying 100% of Mr. Scott’s salary for his services to both the Company and Mason Resources, which is reported in “Salary” above. Pursuant to the Administrative Services Agreement between the Company and Mason Resources, between May 9, 2017 (the effective November 16, 2015 under an Independent Contractor Agreement dated November 12, 2015. On November 16, 2015, Mr. Scott was granted options to purchase 500,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of C$0.35. Alldate of the options vested on February 16, 2016.Arrangement) and December 19, 2018 (the termination of the Administrative Services Agreement), the Company provided Mason Resources with access to and the use of 50% of Mr. Scott received a signingScott’s time, and Mason Resources paid the Company 50% of the Company’s actual cost of Mr. Scott’s salary, bonus of C$25,000 on November 16, 2015. His consulting fee is reported as Other Compensation.and benefits during that period.

(7)Mr. Colwill resigned as an employee of

Under his employment agreement with the Company, effective March 22, 2016. He continuesMr. Scott agreed to serve as the Company's CFO under a consulting agreement dated March 23, 2016.temporary reduction in his annual salary to C$280,000 until December 31, 2017. Effective January 1, 2018, Mr. Scott’s salary was restored to its original rate of C$325,000 per annum.

(8)Ms. Forster ceased

Mr. Lo was also the CFO of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. The Company is Mr. Lo’s employer and was responsible for paying 100% of Mr. Lo’s salary for his services to be Executive Vice Presidentboth the Company and Mason Resources, which is reported in “Salary” above. Pursuant to the Administrative Services Agreement between the Company and Mason Resources, between May 9, 2017 (the effective date of the Company effective November 13, 2015. Ms. Forster's severance payment resulting fromArrangement) and December 19, 2018 (the termination of her employment is reported as Other Compensation.the Administrative Services Agreement), the Company provided Mason Resources with access to and the use of 50% of Mr. Lo’s time, and Mason Resources paid the Company 50% of the Company’s actual cost of Mr. Lo’s salary, bonus and benefits during that period.

(9)

Effective October 1, 2018, Mr. Cann ceasedLo began to be Vice President, Explorationprovide part-time (65% FTE) services to the Company at an annual salary of C$150,000.

(10)

Ms. McLeod was also the Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary of Mason Resources until its acquisition by Hudbay. The Company is Ms. McLeod’s employer and was responsible for paying 100% of Ms. McLeod’s salary for her services to both the Company and Mason Resources, which is reported in “Salary” above. Pursuant to the Administrative Services Agreement between the Company and Mason Resources, between May 9, 2017 (the effective date of the Company effectiveArrangement) and December 31, 2015. Mr. Cann's severance payment resulting from19, 2018 (the termination of his employment is reported as Other Compensation.the Administrative Services Agreement), the Company provided Mason Resources with access to and the use of 50% of Ms. McLeod’s time, and Mason Resources paid the Company 50% of the Company’s actual cost of Ms. McLeod’s salary, bonus and benefits during that period.

The following table provides the exchange rates used to convert the value of the option basedoption-based awards from Canadian dollars to United States dollars as reported above.

NameDate of GrantExpiry DateExercise Price (C$)Options GrantedExchange Rates to US$
Gregory Crowe23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21300,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30350,000C$1.07/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56450,000C$1.02/US$1
Stephen Scott16-Nov-1515-Nov-20$0.35500,000C$1.34/US$1
Bruce Colwill4-Dec-153-Dec-20$0.33125,000C$1.34/US$1
23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21250,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30200,000C$1.07/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56375,000C$1.02/US$1
Mona Forster23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21225,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30150,000C$1.07/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56350,000C$1.02/US$1
Robert Cann23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21225,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30150,000C$1.07/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56325,000C$1.02/US$1
Susan McLeod4-Dec-153-Dec-20$0.33110,000C$1.34/US$1
23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21225,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30150,000C$1.07/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56375,000C$1.02/US$1
Robert Cinits4-Dec-153-Dec-20$0.33110,000C$1.34/US$1
23-Dec-1422-Dec-19$0.21225,000C$1.16/US$1
19-Dec-1319-Dec-18$0.30150,000C$1.07/US$1
9-Apr-139-Apr-18$0.3250,000C$1.02/US$1
15-Mar-1315-Mar-18$0.56325,000C$1.02/US$1

      
Name   Date of Grant      Expiry Date      Exercise Price (C$)      Options Granted      Exchange Rates to US$   
    
   10-Dec-19       9-Dec-24       $0.365             500,000           C$1.30/US$1         
    

Stephen Scott

  19-Dec-18       18-Dec-23       $0.55             500,000           C$1.36/US$1         
    
   16-Oct-17       15-Oct-22       $0.52             325,000           C$1.25/US$1         
    
   10-Dec-19       9-Dec-24       $0.365             250,000           C$1.30/US$1         
    

Duane Lo

  19-Dec-18       18-Dec-23       $0.55             250,000           C$1.36/US$1         
    
   16-Oct-17       15-Oct-22       $0.52             200,000           C$1.25/US$1         
    
   10-Dec-19       9-Dec-24       $0.365             250,000           C$1.30/US$1         
    

Susan McLeod

  19-Dec-18       18-Dec-23       $0.55             250,000           C$1.36/US$1         
    
   16-Oct-17       15-Oct-22       $0.52             225,000           C$1.25/US$1         

The Company employed Gregory Croweemploys Stephen Scott as President and CEO under an employment agreement dated NovemberApril 1, 2003,2016, as amended. The Company could terminate Mr. Crowe's employment at any time without cause by providing him with a lump sum payment equal to 24 months' salary and statutory entitlements. See "Termination and Change of Control Benefits" below.

122

The Company engaged Stephen Scott as Interim CEO for an initial six month term ending May 31, 2016 under an independent contractor agreement dated November 12, 2015. Either party may terminate the independent contractor agreement prior to the end of the term by providing the other party with 30 days' advance written notice.
The Company employed Bruce Colwill as its CFO under anUnder his employment agreement, dated December 20, 2010, as amended.  Mr. Colwill wasScott is required to provide the Company with one month'smonth’s prior notice in the event he wishedwishes to resign.  In February 2016, Mr. Colwill provided one month's prior notice of his resignation as an employee of the Company effective March 22, 2016. He continues to serve as the Company's CFO under a consulting agreement dated March 23, 2016. The consulting agreement is for a three-month term ending June 22, 2016. Mr. Colwill may terminate the consulting agreement by providing at least 30 days' prior written notice to the Company. The Company may only terminate the consulting agreement prior to the end of the term in the event of a material breach by Mr. Colwill. See "Termination and Change of Control Benefits" below.
The Company employed Mona Forster as Executive Vice President and Robert Cann as Vice President, Exploration under employment agreements dated November 1, 2007, as amended.  The Company could terminate theirhis employment without cause by providing themhim with a lump sum18 months’ working notice, or an amount equal to 18 months'the salary Mr. Scott otherwise would receive over the working notice period (or a combination thereof). In the event Mr. Scott’s employment is terminated without cause or he resigns for Good Reason (as defined below) within theone-year period following a Change of Control (as defined below), Mr. Scott will be entitled to 24 months’ salary and the aggregate amount of all other remuneration, bonuses and benefits that theyhe would otherwise have received over the ensuing 18-month period (collectively, the "Severance Amount").24-month period. See "Termination“Item 6B. Directors, Senior Management and Employees – Compensation – Termination and Change of Control Benefits"Benefits” below.

The Company employs Duane Lo part-time as Chief Financial Officer under an employment agreement dated November 1, 2016, as amended. Mr. Lo is required to provide the Company with one month’s prior notice in the event he wishes to resign. The Company may terminate his employment without cause by providing him with six months’ working notice plus an additional month of working notice for each year of employment completed, to a maximum of twelve months’ working notice, or an amount equal to the salary Mr. Lo otherwise would receive over the working notice period (or a combination thereof). In the event Mr. Lo’s employment is terminated without cause or he resigns for Good Reason within the one year period following a Change of Control, Mr. Lo will be entitled to a lump sum amount equal to 18 months’ salary (calculated using his annualized salary based on full-time employment) and the aggregate amount of all other remuneration, bonuses and benefits that he would otherwise have received over the ensuing18-month period (collectively, the “Lo Severance Amount”). See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees – B. Compensation – Termination and Change of Control Benefits” below.

The Company employs Susan McLeod as Vice President, Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary under an employment agreement dated September 21, 2010, as amended. Ms. McLeod is required to provide the Company with one month'smonth’s prior notice in the event she wishes to resign. The Company may terminate her employment without cause by providing her with a lump sum amount equal to 18 months’ salary and the aggregate amount of all other remuneration, bonuses and benefits that she would otherwise have received over the ensuing18-month period (collectively, the “McLeod Severance Amount.Amount”). Ms. McLeod will be entitled to the Severance Amount in the event she elects to terminate her employment within 90 days following a changeChange of controlControl or as a result of conditions that amount to constructive dismissal. See "Termination“Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees ��� B. Compensation – Termination and Change of Control Benefits"Benefits” below.

The Company employs Robert Cinits as Vice President, Corporate Development under an amended and restated employment agreement dated June 26, 2014. Mr. Cinits is required to provide the Company with one month's prior notice in the event he wishes to resign. The Company may terminate his employment without cause by providing him with six months' working notice plus an additional month of working notice for each year of employment completed, to a maximum of twelve months' working notice, or an amount equal to the salary Mr. Cinits otherwise would receive over the working notice period (or a combination thereof). In the event Mr. Cinits' employment is terminated without cause or he resigns for good reason within the one year period following a change of control, Mr. Cinits will be entitled to the Severance Amount.

Incentive Plan Awards

The following table is a summary of all option-based awards and share-based awards to the NEOs that were outstanding at the end of the most recently completed financial year.

   
    Option-based Awards   Share-based Awards
Name  

  Number of Securities  
underlying unexercised
options

(#)

   Option
    exercise    
price (C$)(2)
  Option expiration
date
   

Value of
unexercised
    in-the-money    
options

(C$)(1)

   

Number of

shares or units

of shares that

  have not vested  

(#)

  

Market or payout
value of share-
  based awards that  
have not vested

(#)

       
    500,000       $0.30   November 15, 2020        $35,000       Nil  Nil
       
    400,000       $0.36   November 21, 2021        $4,000       Nil  Nil
       

Stephen Scott

   325,000       $0.52   October 15, 2022        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    500,000       $0.55   December 18, 2023        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    500,000       $0.365   December 9, 2024        $2,500       Nil  Nil
       
    100,000       $0.33   March 31, 2021        $4,000       Nil  Nil
       
    250,000       $0.36   November 21, 2021        $2,500       Nil  Nil
       

Duane Lo

   200,000       $0.52   October 15, 2022        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    250,000       $0.55   December 18, 2023        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    250,000       $0.365   December 9, 2024        $1,250       Nil  Nil
       
    110,000       $0.28   December 3, 2020        $9,900       Nil  Nil
       
    200,000       $0.36   November 21, 2021        $2,000       Nil  Nil
       

Susan McLeod  

   225,000       $0.52   October 15, 2022        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    250,000       $0.55   December 18, 2023        Nil       Nil  Nil
       
    250,000       $0.365   December 9, 2024        $1,250       Nil  Nil

(1)

Calculated using the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the TSX on December 31, 2019 (being the last trading day of 2019) of C$0.37 and subtracting the exercise price ofin-the-money options.

(2)

Post-Arrangement exercise prices.

123

 Option-based AwardsShare-based Awards
Name
Number of Securities underlying unexercised options
(#)
Option exercise price
(C$)
Option expiration date
Value of unexercised
in-the-money options
(C$)
Number of shares or
units of shares
that have not vested
(#)
Market or payout value
of share-based awards
 that have not vested
(#)
Gregory Crowe150,000$1.25January 6, 2017$0NilNil
450,000$0.56February 11, 2017$0NilNil
350,000$0.30February 11, 2017$0NilNil
300,000$0.21February 11, 2017$24,000NilNil
Stephen Scott500,000$0.35November 15, 2020$0NilNil
Bruce Colwill200,000$3.47January 4, 2016$0NilNil
100,000$2.23July 15, 2016$0NilNil
125,000$1.25September 20, 2016$0NilNil
375,000$0.56September 20, 2016$0NilNil
200,000$0.30September 20, 2016$0NilNil
250,000$0.21September 20, 2016$20,000NilNil
Mona Forster125,000$1.25February 11, 2016$0NilNil
350,000$0.56February 11, 2016$0NilNil
150,000$0.30February 11, 2016$0NilNil
Robert Cann125,000$1.25September 28, 2016$0NilNil
325,000$0.56September 28, 2016$0NilNil
150,000$0.30September 28, 2016$0NilNil
225,000$0.21September 28, 2016$18,000NilNil
Susan McLeod125,000$1.25January 6, 2017$0NilNil
375,000$0.56March 15, 2018$0NilNil
150,000$0.30December 19, 2018$0NilNil
225,000$0.21December 22, 2019$18,000NilNil
110,000$0.33December 3, 2020$0NilNil
Robert Cinits150,000$2.05July 7, 2016$0NilNil
50,000$1.25January 6, 2017$0NilNil
325,000$0.56March 15, 2018$0NilNil
50,000$0.32April 9, 2018$0NilNil
150,000$0.30December 19, 2018$0NilNil
225,000$0.21December 22, 2019$18,000NilNil
110,000$0.33December 3, 2020$0NilNil
       
124

The following table is a summary of all value vested or earned during the most recently completed financial year for the NEOs.

Name
Option-based awards –
Value vested during the year
(US$)(1)
Share-based awards –
Value vested during the year
(US$)
Non-equity incentive plan compensation –
Value earned during the year
(US$)
Gregory Crowe
$0(2)
NilNil
Stephen Scott
$0(3)
Nil$18,064
Bruce Colwill
$0(4)
NilNil
Mona Forster
$0(2)
NilNil
Robert Cann
$0(2)
NilNil
Susan McLeod
$0(5)
NilNil
Robert Cinits
$0(5)
NilNil

Name 

    Option-based awards – Value    
vested during the year

(US$)(1)

 

    Share-based awards – Value    
vested during the year

(US$)

 

Non-equity incentive plan
    compensation –  Value earned    
during the year

(US$)(2)

Stephen Scott

 $0 Nil $16,939

Duane Lo

 $0 Nil $8,469

Susan McLeod

 $0 Nil $13,089

(1)

Value vested during the year is calculated by subtracting the exercise price of the option (being no less than the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the date of grant)award date) from the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the date the option vested (being the closing price of the Company's sharesCompany’s Common Shares on the TSX on the last trading day prior to the vesting date).

(2)No options were awarded or vested during the year.
(3)500,000 options were awarded on November 16, 2015 at an exercise price of C$0.35. $0 vested because none of the options vested during 2015. Mr. Scott received a signing bonus of C$25,000 on November 16, 2015.
(4)125,000 options were awarded on December 4, 2015 at an exercise price of C$0.33. $0 vested because all of the stock options vested in full on the award date.

(2)

Discretionary cash bonuses paid during 2019.

(5)110,000 options were awarded on December 4, 2015 at an exercise price of C$0.33. $0 vested because all of the stock options vested in full on the award date.
125

The following table is a summary of the options exercised by the NEOs during the most recently completed financial year.

NameOptions ExercisedDate ExercisedExercise Price (C$)
 Mona Forster225,000December 15, 2015$0.21

    
Name Options Exercised(1) Date Exercised Exercise Price (C$)
    

Susan McLeod(2)

 225,000 November 21, 2019       $0.18

(1)

Under the Plan, an option holder may elect to terminate an option, in whole or in part and, in lieu of receiving Common Shares to which the terminated option relates (the “Designated Shares”), receive the number of Common Shares, disregarding fractions, which, when multiplied by the weighted average trading price of the shares on the TSX during the five trading days immediately preceding the day of termination (the “Fair Value” per share) of the Designated Shares, has a total dollar value equal to the number of Designated Shares multiplied by the difference between the Fair Value and the exercise price per share of the Designated Shares.

(2)

Ms. McLeod elected to terminate her options and received an aggregate 118,432 Common Shares.

Termination and Change of Control Benefits

Gregory Crowe, Mona Forster, Robert Cann
Gregory Crowe's

Stephen Scott

Under the terms of the employment agreement with Stephen Scott the Company wasmay terminate Mr. Scott’s employment at any time without cause by providing him with 18 months’ working notice, or an amount equal to the salary Mr. Scott otherwise would receive over the working notice period (or a combination thereof). In the event Mr. Scott’s employment is terminated effective November 13, 2015.without cause or he resigns for Good Reason within the one year period following a Change of Control, Mr. CroweScott will be entitled to 24 months’ salary and the aggregate amount of all other remuneration, bonuses and benefits that he would otherwise have received over the ensuing24-month period (the delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause or resignation with Good Reason being a “Severance Payment Triggering Event”). If a Change of Control had occurred on December 31, 2019, Mr. Scott would not have had an immediate benefit. If a Severance Payment Triggering Event had taken place, Mr. Scott would have been entitled to a payment totaling $473,167, equal to 24 months' salary ($470,937) and accrued vacation pay ($2,230).

Mona Forster's employment with the Company was terminated effective November 13, 2015. Ms. Forster received a payment totaling $303,940, equal to 18 months' salary and benefits.
Robert Cann's employment with the Company was terminated effective December 31, 2015. Mr. Cann received a payment totaling $297,497, equal to 18 months' salary and benefits ($276,824) and accrued vacation pay ($20,673).
Eachof approximately $509,609 within 10 days of the NEOsSeverance Payment Triggering Event. Mr. Scott would continue to be bound by confidentiality provisions (indefinitely) andnon-competition andnon-solicitation provisions for a period of one year following the termination of employment.
Stephen Scott
The Company engaged Stephen Scott as Interim CEO for an initial six month term ending May 31, 2016 under an independent contractor agreement dated November 12, 2015. Under the terms of the independent contractor agreement, the Company may terminate Mr. Scott's services prior to the expiry of the term by providing him with 30 days' advance written notice. Mr. Scott is not entitled to any other termination or change of control benefits.
Mr. Scott would continue to be bound by confidentiality provisions for a period of one year following the termination of his independent contractor agreement.
Susan McLeod
Under the terms of the employment agreement with Susan McLeod, the Company may terminate Ms. McLeod's employment at any time without cause by providing Ms. McLeod with the Severance Amount.  Ms. McLeod is also entitled to the Severance Amount should she elect to terminate her employment for Good Reason (defined below) or should she elect to terminate her employment within 90 days of a

Change of Control (defined below) (in Ms. McLeod's case, the delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause or the expiry of one month's prior written notice of termination of employment for Good Reason or within 90 days of a Change of Control is a "Severance Payment Triggering Event").

"Change of Control"Control” is defined as:

(i)

the sale, transfer or disposition of the Company'sCompany’s assets in complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company;

(ii)

the Company amalgamates, merges or enters into a plan of arrangement with another company at arm'sarm’s length to the Company and its affiliates (the "Group"“Group”), other than an amalgamation, merger or plan of arrangement that would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving or resulting entity) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the surviving or resulting entity outstanding immediately after such amalgamation, merger or plan of arrangement; or

126

(iii)

any person or combination of persons at arm'sarm’s length to the Group acquires or becomes the beneficial owner of, directly or indirectly, more than 20% of the voting securities of the Company, whether through the acquisition of previously issued and outstanding voting securities, or of voting securities that have not been previously issued, or any combination thereof, or any other transaction having a similar effect, and such person or combination of persons exercise(s) the voting power attached to such securities in a manner that causes the Incumbent Directors to cease to constitute a majority of the Board.

"

Good Reason"Reason” is defined as the occurrence of any of the following without the NEO'sNEO’s written consent:

(i)

a material change (other than a change that is clearly consistent with a promotion) in the NEO'sNEO’s position or duties, responsibilities, reporting relationship, title or office;

(ii)

a reduction of the NEO'sNEO’s salary, benefits or any other form of remuneration or any change in the basis upon which such salary, benefits or other form of remuneration payable by the Company is determined;

(iii)

forced relocation to another geographic area;

(iv)

any material breach by the Company of a material provision of the employment agreement; or

(v)

the failure by the Company to obtain an effective assumption of its obligations hereunder by any successor to the Company, including a successor to a material portion of its business.

"

Incumbent Director"Director” means any member of the Board who was a member of the Board prior to the occurrence of the transaction, transactions or elections giving rise to a Change of Control and any successor to an Incumbent Director who was recommended or elected or appointed to succeed an Incumbent Director by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Incumbent Directors then on the Board.

Susan McLeod

Under the terms of the employment agreement with Susan McLeod, the Company may terminate Ms. McLeod’s employment at any time without cause by providing Ms. McLeod with the McLeod Severance Amount. Ms. McLeod is also entitled to the McLeod Severance Amount should she elect to terminate her employment for Good Reason or should she elect to terminate her employment within 90 days of a Change of Control (in Ms. McLeod’s case, the delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause or the expiry of one month’s prior written notice of termination of employment for Good Reason or within 90 days of a Change of Control is a “McLeod Severance Payment Triggering Event”).

If a Change of Control had occurred on December 31, 2015,2019, Ms. McLeod would not have had an immediate benefit. If a McLeod Severance Payment Triggering Event had taken place, Ms. McLeod would have been entitled to a payment of approximately $278,369$296,518 immediately upon the McLeod Severance Payment Triggering Event, or in the case of delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause, within 10 days of the McLeod Severance Payment Triggering Event.

Ms. McLeod would continue to be bound by confidentiality provisions (indefinitely) andnon-competition andnon-solicitation provisions for a period of one year following the termination of employment.

Bruce Colwill

Duane Lo

Under the terms of the employment agreement with Bruce Colwill, which terminated effective March 22, 2016,Duane Lo, the Company could have terminated Mr. Colwill'smay terminate his employment at any time without cause by providing him with the Severance Amount.  Mr. Colwill would also have been entitled to the Severance Amount if he elected to resign with Good Reason within one year of a Change of Control (in Mr. Colwill's case, the delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause or resignation with Good Reason is a "Severance Payment Triggering Event").

If a Change of Control had occurred on December 31, 2015, Mr. Colwill would not have had an immediate benefit.  If a Severance Payment Triggering Event had taken place, Mr. Colwill would have been entitled to a payment of approximately $296,907 within 10 days of the Severance Payment Triggering Event.
Mr. Colwill resigned as an employee of the Company effective March 22, 2016. He continues to serve as the Company's CFO under a consulting agreement dated March 23, 2016. The consulting agreement is for a three-month term ending June 22, 2016. Mr. Colwill may terminate the consulting agreement by providing at least 30 days' prior written notice to the Company. The Company may only terminate the consulting agreement prior to the end of the term in the event of a material breach by Mr. Colwill. Mr. Colwill is not entitled to any other termination or change of control benefits under the consulting agreement.
Mr. Colwill will continue to be bound by confidentiality provisions (indefinitely) and non-competition and non-solicitation provisions until March 22, 2017.
127

Robert Cinits
Under the terms of the employment agreement with Robert Cinits, the Company may terminate Mr. Cinits' employment at any time without cause by providing Mr. Cinits with six months'months’ working notice plus an additional month of working notice for each year of employment completed, to a maximum of twelve months'months’ working notice, or an amount equal to the salary Mr. CinitsLo otherwise would receive over the working notice period (or a combination thereof). In the event Mr. Cinits'Lo’s employment is terminated without cause or heMr. Lo resigns for Good Reason within the one yearone-year period following a Change of Control, Mr. CinitsLo will be entitled to the Lo Severance Amount (the delivery of notice of termination of employment without cause or resignation with Good Reason being a "Severance Payment Triggering Event").
Amount.

If a Change of Control had occurred on December 31, 2015,2019, Mr. CinitsLo would not have had an immediate benefit. If a Severance Payment Triggering Event had taken place, Mr. Cinits Lo would have been entitled to a payment of approximately $285,681$266,653 within 10 days of the Severance Payment Triggering Event.

Mr. CinitsLo would continue to be bound by confidentiality provisions (indefinitely) andnon-competition andnon-solicitation provisions for a period of one year following the termination of employment.

Director Compensation

Directors'

Directors’ Fees

Annual directors'directors’ fees are paidto non-executive directors to compensate them for the time and commitment required to act as directors of the Company, serve on standing committees of the Board, serve on ad hoc or special committees of the Board (if so requested by the Board) and act as Chairman of the Board, Deputy ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board or chair of certain standing committees.

In August 2013, the Compensation Committee retained LaneCaputo to prepare an Executive Compensation Review to assist the Compensation Committee in the review of compensation arrangements for the Company's senior management team and independent directors and to recommend required changes (if any) to pay elements and strategy to align the Company with current market practices.  LaneCaputo recommended that effective January 1, 2014, the

The annual base retainer payable tonon-executive directors to compensate them for acting as directors of the Company be increased toin 2019 was C$25,000. ThisIn December 2019 the Board approved a recommendation was adopted byof the Compensation Committee andto increase the Board.

annual base retainer payable tonon-executive directors to C$30,000, effective January 1, 2020.

In 2015, James Harris was paid an additional cash retainer of C$2,458 as compensation for acting as the Deputy Chairman of the Board, until he stepped down from that position effective March 1, 2015, and C$5,250 for acting as the chair of the CGNC.  Gorden Glenn received an additional C$12,500 for acting as the chair of the Audit Committee.  Alan Edwards and2019, Mark Bailey each received an additional C$5,250 for acting as the chair of the Technical Committee and Compensation Committee, respectively.

Lord Howard was paid a totalfee of C$87,1181 in 2015,50,000, which includes the C$25,000 base retainer and additional compensation for acting as the ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board and the chair of the Compensation Committee. In December 2019 the Board appointed James Harris as chair of the Compensation Committee, effective January 1, 2020. The Board also approved a recommendation of the Compensation Committee to increase the annual fee payable to Mark Bailey to C$60,000 effective January 1, 2020. Mr. Bailey’s annual fee includes the C$30,000 base retainer and additional compensation for acting as theNon-Executive Chair of the Board.

The chair of the Audit Committee receives an additional cash retainer of C$12,500 per annum and the chairs of the other standing committees each receive an additional cash retainer of C$5,250 per annum.

The directors are reimbursed for expenses incurred on the Company’s behalf.

The Compensation Committee will periodically review the adequacy and form ofnon-executive director compensation and ensure that the compensation realistically reflects the responsibilities and risks involved in being an effective director, and report and make recommendations to the Board accordingly.

Incentive Stock Options

The grantingawarding of incentive stock options provides a link betweennon-executive director compensation and the Company'sCompany’s share price. It also rewardsnon-executive directors for achieving results that improve Company performance and thereby increase shareholder value. Incentive stock options are an important component ofnon-executive director compensation for the Company, and other members of its peer group, which don'tdoesn’t have any revenue making it difficult to pay larger cash retainers.

Stock options are generally awarded tonon-executive directors when they join the Board and periodically thereafter. In making a determination as to whether a grantan award of long-term incentive stock options is appropriate, and if so, the number of options that should be granted,awarded, the Compensation Committee will consider:consider, among such other factors as it may deem relevant, the value in securities of the Company that the Compensation Committee intends to award as compensation;compensation, current and expected future performance of the director;director, the potential dilution to shareholders and the cost to the Company;Company, previous grantsawards made to the director;director, option grantsawards made to non-executive directors of comparable companies;the Company’s executive officers and the limits imposed by the terms of the Plan and the TSX.



1
Lord Howard's compensation is negotiated and settled in British pounds sterling. The exchange rate used to convert 2015 compensation to C$ is 2.0104.
128

In December 2015,2019, the Compensation Committee recommended that the Board award incentive stock options to each of thenon-executive directors in recognition of the role that thenon-executive directors played in providing strategic input and corporate oversight. The Compensation Committee recommended that James Harris receive a larger award, in recognition of the role that he played in CEO succession planning. The Board approved the Compensation Committee'sCommittee’s recommendations, and in December 20152019 awarded to James Harriseach of thenon-executive directors, options to purchase 150,000 Common Shares225,000 common shares at an exercise price of C$0.33 for five years, and to each of the other non-executive directors options to purchase 75,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of C$0.330.365 for five years. The terms and conditions of the grants,awards, including vesting provisions and exercise prices, were determined by the Board at the time of grant,award, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Plan.

The following table is a summary of all compensation provided to the directors of the Company (other than directors who are also NEOs) for the most recently completed financial year.

Name(1)
 
Fees earned
(US$)
 
Share-based awards
(US$)
 
Option-based awards
(US$)(2)
 
Non-equity incentive plan compensation
(US$)
Pension value
(US$)
 
All other compensation
(US$)
  
Total
(US$)
 
 
Mark Bailey
 
 $21,857 
 
Nil
 
 $10,975 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $32,832 
 
James Harris
 
 $23,633 
 
Nil
 
 $21,950 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $45,583 
 
Michael Howard
 
 $62,946 
 
Nil
 
 $10,975 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $73,921 
 
Alan Edwards
 
 $21,857 
 
Nil
 
 $10,975 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $32,832 
 
Lindsay Bottomer(3)
 
 $9,032 
 
Nil
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $9,032 
 
Gorden Glenn
 
 $27,095 
 
Nil
 
 $10,975 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $38,070 
 
Anna Stylianides(4)
 
 $8,279 
 
Nil
 
 $25,896 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 $0  $34,176 
                    

        
Name(1) 

Fees
   earned   

(US$)

 

     Share-based   
awards

(US$)

 

   Option-based   
awards

(US$)(2) (3)

  

 Non-equity incentive   
plan compensation

(US$)

 

  Pension   

value 

(US$)

 

All other
   compensation   

(US$)

 

   Total   

(US$)

 
        

Mark Bailey

 $38,497 Nil  $34,423   Nil Nil Nil  $72,920 
        

Alan Edwards

 $23,291 Nil  $34,423  Nil Nil Nil  $57,714 
        

James Harris

 $23,291 Nil  $34,423  Nil Nil Nil  $57,714 
        

Michael Price

 $19,249 Nil  $34,423  Nil Nil Nil  $53,672 
        

Anna Stylianides

 $28,873 Nil  $34,423  Nil Nil Nil  $63,296 

(1)

In addition to being a director of the Company until his resignation effective November 13, 2015, Gregory Crowe wasStephen Scott is a NEO. For disclosure regarding Mr. Crowe'sScott’s compensation, please refer to the Summary Compensation Table above.

(2)

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for determining fair value of stock options issued at the grant date. The Company selected the Black-Scholes option-pricing model because it is widely used in estimating option basedoption-based compensation values by Canadian and U.S. public companies. The practice of the Company is to grant all option basedoption-based awards in Canadian currency, and then convert the grant date fair value amount to U.S. currency for reporting the value of the grants in the Company'sCompany’s financials. The conversion rate for each grant is the average of the rates quoted by the Bank of Canada as its noon spotdaily average exchange rate of the last day of the three months in the quarter in which the grant is made. The conversion ratesrate for the purpose of the grants in this table areis presented in Note 3 below and areis based on the applicable conversion rate on the date of grant each as supplied by the Bank of Canada.

(3)Lindsay Bottomer ceased to be a director of the Company

Options were awarded on June 29, 2015.

(4)Anna Stylianides was appointed to the Board on July 13, 2015. On July 13, 2015, Ms. Stylianides was granted options to purchase 100,000 Common Shares atDecember 10, 2019 with an exercise price of C$0.38.  50,000 options vested0.365 expiring on July 13, 2015, 25,000 options vested on January 13, 2016 and 25,000 options will vest on July 13, 2016.December 9, 2024. The exchange rate used to convert the value of the option-based awards from C$ to US$ is 1.2988.

The following table provides the exchange rates used to convert the value of the option based awards from Canadian dollars to United States dollars as reported above.
NameDate of GrantExpiry Date Exercise Price (C$)  Options Granted  Exchange Rates to US$ 
Mark Bailey
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
75,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
James Harris
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
150,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
Michael Howard
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
75,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
Alan Edwards
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
75,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
Gorden Glenn
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
75,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
Anna Stylianides
 
4-Dec-15
 
 
3-Dec-20
 
 $0.33   
110,000
  
C$1.34/US$1
 
 
13-Jul-15
 
 
12-Jul-20
 
 $0.38   
100,000
  
C$1.28/US$1
 

The following table is a summary of all option-based awards to the directors of the Company (other than directors who are also NEOs) that were outstanding at the end of the most recently completed financial year. There were no share-based awards outstanding at the end of the most recently completed financial year.

129

  
 Option-based Awards  Share-based Awards
 Option-based Awards Share-based Awards    
Name(1)
 
Number of Securities underlying unexercised options
(#)
  
Option exercise price
(C$)
 Option expiration date 
Value of unexercised in-the-money options
(C$)
 
Number of shares or units of shares that have not vested
(#)
Market or payout value of share-based awards that have not vested
(#)
 

Number of
Securities
underlying
  unexercised  
options

(#)

  

  Option exercise  
price

(C$)(3)

   Option expiration  
date
  

Value of
  unexercised in-  

the-money
options

(C$)(2)

  

Number of

  shares or units of  
shares that have
not vested

(#)

 

Market or

payout value of
share-based
  awards that have  
not vested

(#)

    
Mark Bailey
  
100,000
  $1.25 
 
January 6, 2017
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
  75,000  $0.28  December 3, 2020     $6,750      Nil Nil
 
230,000
  $0.56 
 
March 15, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.36

 

 

 

 

November 21, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,000    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
75,000
  $0.30 
 
December 19, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

150,000

 

 

 

 

$0.52

 

 

 

 

October 15, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
December 22, 2019
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.55

 

 

 

 

December 18, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
75,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

225,000

 

 

 

 

$0.365

 

 

 

 

December 9, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,125    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

    

Alan Edwards

  75,000  $0.28  December 3, 2020   $6,750      Nil Nil

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.36

 

 

 

 

November 21, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,000    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

150,000

 

 

 

 

$0.52

 

 

 

 

October 15, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.55

 

 

 

 

December 18, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

225,000

 

 

 

 

$0.365

 

 

 

 

December 9, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,125    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

    
James Harris
  
100,000
  $1.25 
 
January 6, 2017
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
  150,000  $0.28  December 3, 2020   td3,500      Nil Nil
 
255,000
  $0.56 
 
March 15, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.36

 

 

 

 

November 21, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,000    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
75,000
  $0.30 
 
December 19, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

150,000

 

 

 

 

$0.52

 

 

 

 

October 15, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
December 22, 2019
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.55

 

 

 

 

December 18, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 
150,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

225,000

 

 

 

 

$0.365

 

 

 

 

December 9, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,125    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

Michael Howard
  
100,000
  $1.25 
 
January 6, 2017
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
255,000
  $0.56 
 
March 15, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
150,000
  $0.34 
 
June 27, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.30 
 
December 19, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
December 22, 2019
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
75,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
Alan Edwards
  
100,000
  $2.94 
 
March 8, 2016
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $1.25 
 
January 6, 2017
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
230,000
  $0.56 
 
March 15, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
75,000
  $0.30 
 
December 19, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
December 22, 2019
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
75,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
Lindsay Bottomer(2)
  
125,000
  $1.25 
 
September 26, 2016
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
275,000
  $0.56 
 
September 26, 2016
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
75,000
  $0.30 
 
September 26, 2016
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
September 26, 2016
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
Gorden Glenn
  
100,000
  $0.73 
 
June 18, 2017
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
230,000
  $0.56 
 
March 15, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.30 
 
December 19, 2018
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
100,000
  $0.21 
 
December 22, 2019
 
 $8,000 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
 
75,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
    

Michael Price

  100,000  $0.63  February 4, 2023   Nil      Nil Nil

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.55

 

 

 

 

December 18, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

225,000

 

 

 

 

$0.365

 

 

 

 

December 9, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,125    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

    
Anna Stylianides
  
100,000
  $0.38 
 
July 12, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 
  100,000  $0.32  July 12, 2020   $5,000      Nil Nil
 
75,000
  $0.33 
 
December 3, 2020
 
 $0 
 
Nil
 
 
Nil
 

 

 

 

75,000

 

 

 

 

$0.28

 

 

 

 

December 3, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

$6,750    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

Anna Stylianides

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.36

 

 

 

 

November 21, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,000    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

150,000

 

 

 

 

$0.52

 

 

 

 

October 15, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

$0.55

 

 

 

 

December 18, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

225,000

 

 

 

 

$0.365

 

 

 

 

December 9, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

td,125    

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

Nil

(1)

In addition to being a director of the Company, until his resignation effective November 13, 2015, Gregory Crowe wasStephen Scott is a NEO. For disclosure regarding Mr. Crowe'sScott’s option-based awards, please refer to the incentive plan awards section above.

(2)Lindsay Bottomer ceased to be a director

Calculated using the closing price of the CompanyCompany’s Common Shares on June 29, 2015.the TSX on December 31, 2019 (being the last trading day of 2019) of $0.37 and subtracting the exercise price ofin-the-money options.

(3)

Post-Arrangement exercise prices.

130

The following table is a summary of all value vested or earned during the most recently completed financial year for the directors of the Company (other than directors who are also NEOs).

Name(1)

Option-based awards – Value
vested during the year

(US$)(2)

Share-based awards – Value
vested during the year

(US$)

Non-equity incentive plan
compensation – Value earned
during the year

(US$)

Mark Bailey

$0(3)NilNil

James Harris

$0(4)(3)NilNil
Michael Howard

Alan Edwards

$0(3)NilNil
Alan Edwards

Anna Stylianides

$0(3)NilNil
Lindsay Bottomer

Michael Price

$0(5)(4)NilNil
Gorden Glenn
$0(3)
NilNil
Anna Stylianides
$0(3) (6)
NilNil

(1)

In addition to being a director of the Company, until his resignation effective November 13, 2015, Gregory Crowe wasStephen Scott is a NEO. For disclosure regarding Mr. Crowe'sMr.Scott’s compensation, please refer to the summary compensation table above.

(2)

Value vested during the year is calculated by subtracting the exercise price of the option (being no less than the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the date of grant)award date) from the market price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the date the option vested (being the closing price of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the TSX on the last trading day prior to the vesting date).

(3)75,000

225,000 stock options were awarded on December 4, 201510, 2019 at an exercise price of C$0.33.0.365. $0 vested because all of the stock options vested in full on the award date.

(4)150,000

225,000 stock options were awarded on December 4, 201510, 2019 at an exercise price of C$0.33.0.365. $0 vested because all of the stock options vested in full on the award date.

(5)No options were awarded or vested during the year.
(6)100,000 stock options were awarded on July 13, 2015February 5, 2018 at an exercise price of C$0.38.  50,0000.63, of which 25,000 vested in 2019. On the dates that the options vested, on July 13, 2015, with the balance vesting in 2016. $0 vested in 2015 becausemarket price of the stock options vested onCompany’s Common Shares was less than the award date.exercise price of the options.

No

The following table is a summary of options were exercised by directors during the most recently completed financial year.

    
Name Options Exercised Date Exercised Exercise Price (C$)
    

Mark Bailey

 100,000 December 16, 2019 $0.18
    

Alan Edwards

 100,000 December 2, 2019 $0.18
    

James Harris

 100,000 December 12, 2019 $0.18

Management Contracts

Management functions of the Company are substantially performed by directors or executive officers of the Company and not, to any substantial degree, by any other person with whom the Company has contracted.

C.Board Practices

C.

Board Practices

The Board is currently comprised of six directors. The size and experience of the Board is important for providing the Company with effective governance in the mining industry. The Board'sBoard’s mandate and responsibilities can be effectively and efficiently administered at its current size. The Board has functioned, and is of the view that it can continue to function, independently of management as required. Directors are elected for a term of one year at the annual general meeting. The current directors were elected by the Company'sCompany’s shareholders at the Annual General Meeting held on June 29, 2015.

May 22, 2019.

The Board adopted a majority voting policy in May 2013. If the number of shares "withheld"“withheld” from voting for the election of a nominee is greater than the number of shares voted "for"“for” his or her election, the director must submit his or her resignation to the ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board promptly after the shareholders'shareholders’ meeting. The CGNC will consider the resignation and will recommend to the Board whether or not to accept it. After considering the recommendations of the CGNC, the Board will make its decision as to whether to accept or reject the resignation in question and the Company will announce the Board'sBoard’s decision, including any reasons for the Board not accepting a resignation, within 90 days following the shareholders'shareholders’ meeting. The policy does not apply if there is a contested director election or where the election involves a proxy battle.

The Board has considered the relationship of each director to the Company and currently considers allfive of the six directors to be independent directors because they are independent of management and free from any interest and any business or other relationship which could reasonably be expected to interfere with the director'sdirector’s ability to act with a view to the best interest of the Company, other than interests and relationships arising solely from shareholdings. Stephen Scott is not independent by virtue of the fact that he is an executive officer of the Company.

Procedures are in place to allow the Board to function independently. At the present time, the Board has experienced directors that have made a significant contribution to the Company'sCompany’s success, and arethe Board is satisfied that it is not constrained in its access to information, in its deliberations or in its ability to satisfy the mandate established by law to supervise the business and affairs of the Company. Committees meet independentindependently of management and other directors.

131

Disclosure of Corporate Governance Practices

National Instrument 58-101 - 58-101—Disclosure of Corporate Governance Practices(“NI58-101”)("NI 58-101") requires each reporting issuer to disclose its corporate governance practices on an annual basis. The Company'sCompany’s approach to corporate governance is set forth below.

Board of Directors

Section 1.4 of NI52-110 and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803A set sets out the standard for director independence. Under Section 1.4 of NI52-110, and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803A, a director is independent if he or she has no direct or indirect material relationship with the Company. A material relationship is a relationship which could, in the view of the Board, be reasonably expected to interfere with the exercise of a director'sdirector’s independent judgment. Section 1.4 of NI52-110 and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803A also setsets out certain situations where a director will automatically be considered to have a material relationship with the Company.

As at December 31, 2015,2019 the Board was comprised of six directors.  Applyingdirectors, five of whom are independent applying the definition set out in section 1.4 of NI 52-110 and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803A, all six members52-110. Stephen Scott is not independent by virtue of the Board (Lord Howard, James Harris, Mark Bailey, Anna Stylianides, Alan Edwards and Gorden Glenn) are independent.

fact that he is an executive officer of the Company.    

To the extent that the Board considers it to be necessary or advisable, a Board meeting will include an in camerain-camera session, at which non-independentexecutive directors and members of management are not in attendance. Since the beginning of the Company'sCompany’s most recently completed financial year, there have been fivefour in camera sessions.

Lord Howard,

Mark Bailey, an independent director, serves as non-executive ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board, and is responsible for ensuring that the Board discharges its responsibilities in an effective manner and that the Board understands the boundaries between Board and management responsibilities. The Board has developed a written position description for the ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board in order to delineate the Chairman'shis or her role and responsibilities. The ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board is primarily responsible for leadingacting as the effective leader of the Board in the performance of its duties and ensuring that the Board'sBoard’s agenda will enableenables it to successfully carry out its duties. As Chairman, Lord HowardTheNon-Executive Chair of the Board also serves as an "ex officio"“ex officio” member of each Board committee. More specifically, the ChairmanNon-Executive Chair of the Board is responsible for:

(a)monitoring and reporting to

Ensuring the Board regardingfocuses on the effectiveness of the Board, as well as individual members, in discharging its and their responsibilities;

(b)in consultationCompany’s strategic performance by working with the President and CEO and, where appropriate, with other Board members, determining Board and shareholder calendars and agendas;
(c)leading the Board's periodic assessment of the job done by the CEO and his management team;the Board in managing Board meeting agendas and developing the Board’s priorities.

(b)(d)taking

Ensuring that the lead inBoard represents and protects the Company's adherence tolong-term best interests of the highest standards of corporate governance;Company.

(c)(e)facilitating an open flow

Helping to set the tone and culture of information between management and the Board; andCompany by:

(f)(i)presiding at meetings

Ensuring the distinct roles and responsibilities of the Board and management are well understood and respected by both the shareholders.Board and management;

(ii)

Setting the tone for the Board to foster ethical and responsible decision-making, appropriate oversight of management and best practices in corporate governance; and

(iii)

Fostering a spirit of respect, trust and collegiality among directors, and between the Board and management, where thoughtful, probative questions and thorough discussions are encouraged.

(d)

Managing relationships by:

(i)

Acting as a liaison between the Board and the CEO, and providing advice, counsel and mentorship to the CEO and to individual directors;

(ii)

Serving as a key interface between directors; and

(iii)

Engaging with shareholders, other stakeholders of the Company and the public where appropriate.

(e)

Ensuring the adoption of, and compliance with, procedures so that the Board effectively carries out its responsibilities in compliance with the mandate of the Board and conducts its work efficiently and independently from management.

Position Description for CEO

The Board has adopted a written position description for the CEO, which sets out his or her specific duties and responsibilities. Generally, the CEO, who must be appointed by the Board and is directly accountable to the Board, is responsible for management of the day to day operation of the business of the Company and has primary accountability for the profitability and growth of the Company.

Service Contracts with Directors

The Company does not have any service contracts with any directors.

Orientation and Continuing Education

Board turnover is relatively rare. As a result, the Board provides ad hoc orientation for new directors.

132

The CGNC is responsible for encouraging and facilitating continuing education programs for all directors. The CGNC will also ensure that each director understands the role of the Board, its committees and its directors, and the basic procedures and operations of the Board. Board members are also given access to management and other employees and advisors, who can answer any questions that may arise.

Ethical Business Conduct

The Board has adopted a written Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the "Code") for its directors, officers, employees and consultants, a copy of which may be obtained on the Company’s website atwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com, on SEDAR atwww.sedar.com and, or on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.

www.sec.gov.

The CGNC is responsible for assisting the Board in dealing with conflict of interest issues as contemplated by the Code of Ethics, reviewing and updating the Code of Ethics periodically, ensuring that management has established a system to enforce the Code of Ethics and reviewing management'smanagement’s monitoring of the Company'sCompany’s compliance with the Code.

Code of Ethics.

Under the Code of Ethics, members of the Board are required to disclose any conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest to the entire Board as well as any committee on which they serve. Directors are to excuse themselves from participation in any decision of the Board or a committee thereof in any matter in which there is a conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest. However, if the Board determines that a potential conflict of interest cannot be cured, the individual will be asked to resign from their position with the Company.

Directors are also required to comply with the relevant provisions of the BCBCA regarding conflicts of interest.

The Board is also committed to best practices in making timely and accurate disclosure of all material information and providing fair and equal access to material information. The Board has adopted a written Corporate Disclosure and Trading Policy to ensure that the Company and its directors, officers, employees and consultants satisfy the legal and ethical obligations related to the proper and effective disclosure of corporate information and the trading of securities with that information.

Standing Committees

The Board has four standing committees, namely the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Corporate Governance and Nominating CommitteeCGNC and the Technical Committee. Their mandates and memberships are outlined below.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee meets with the CEO and CFO of the Company and the independent auditors to review and inquire into matters affecting financial reporting, the system of internal accounting and financial controls and procedures and the audit procedures and audit plans. The Audit Committee also recommends to the Board the auditors to be appointed, subject to shareholder approval. In addition, the Audit Committee reviews and recommends to the Board for approval the annual financial statements, the annual report and certain other documents required by regulatory authorities. The Audit Committee is composed of Gorden GlennAnna Stylianides (chair), Mark BaileyJames Harris and Anna Stylianides,Michael Price, all of whom are independent (as defined in NI 52-110 and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803(B)(2)(a)(i))52-110) and financially literate (as defined in NI 52-110 and NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803(B)(2)(a)(iii))52-110). The Board has also assessed the qualifications of Mr. Glenn,Ms. Stylianides and has determined that Mr. Glenn is independent, financially literate andMs. Stylianides qualifies as a financial expert (as defined in Item 407(d)(5) of RegulationS-K under the U.S. Exchange Act) and is independent (as determined under U.S. Exchange Act Rule10A-3 and section 803A of the NYSE American Company Guide).

The Board has adopted a written position description for the chair of the Audit Committee. The chair is generally responsible for overseeing the Audit Committee in its responsibilities as outlined in the Audit Committee Charter. The chair'schair’s duties and responsibilities include presiding at each meeting of the Audit Committee, referring specific matters to the Board in the case of a deadlock on any matter or vote, receiving and responding to all requests for information from the Company or the independent auditors, leading the Audit Committee in discharging its tasks and reporting to the Board on the activities of the Audit Committee.

The Company'sCompany’s Annual Information Form for its financial year ended December 31, 20152019 dated March 30, 201613, 2020 (the "AIF"“AIF”), and submitted on Form6-K to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on EDGAR, contains additional disclosure regarding the Audit Committee. Please refer to the section of the AIF entitled "Standing“Standing Committees of the Board"Board” for further information.

133

Compensation Committee

The primary objective of the Compensation Committee is to discharge the responsibilities of the Board relating to compensation and benefits of the executive officers and directors of the Company.

The Board has adopted a written position description for the chair of the Compensation Committee. The chair is generally responsible for overseeing the Compensation Committee in its responsibilities. The chair'schair’s duties and responsibilities include presiding at each meeting of the Compensation Committee, leading the Compensation Committee in discharging its tasks and reporting to the Board on the activities of the Compensation Committee.

The Compensation Committee is comprised of fourthree directors, each of whom, in the judgement of the Board, meets the independence requirements of NYSE MKT Company Guide Section 803A.is independent. The members of the Compensation Committee are: James Harris (chair), Mark Bailey (chair),and Alan Edwards.

Technical Committee

The members of the Technical Committee consist of Alan Edwards Gorden Glenn(chair), Mark Bailey, Michael Price and James Harris.

Stephen Scott, each of whom is a professional geologist or mining engineer or otherwise has sufficient expertise to comprehend and evaluate technical issues associated with the Company’s properties. Mr. Edwards, Mr. Bailey and Mr. Price are independent directors. Mr. Scott is not independent by virtue of the fact that he is an executive officer of the Company. The mandate of the Technical Committee is to exercise all the powers of the Board (except those powers specifically reserved by law to the Board itself) during intervals between meetings of the Board pertaining to the Company’s mining properties, programs, budgets, and other related activities and the administration thereof.

The primary objective of the Technical Committee is to review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the approval of budgets, exploration programs and other activities related to the Company’s mining properties. The Board has adopted a Technical Committee Charter, which provides that the Technical Committee must have at least three members, at least one of whom is independent, and all of whom are engineers or geoscientists, or otherwise have sufficient expertise to comprehend and evaluate technical issues associated with the Company’s mining properties. The Technical Committee must meet at least one time per year.

The Board has adopted a written position description for the chair of the Technical Committee, who should be independent. The chair is generally responsible for overseeing the Technical Committee in its responsibilities. The chair’s duties and responsibilities include presiding at each meeting of the Technical Committee, leading the Technical Committee in discharging its tasks and reporting to the Board on the activities of the Technical Committee.

Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee

The members of the CGNC are: James Harris (chair), Alan Edwards and Anna Stylianides.

The primary objective of the CGNC is to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities by: (a) developing and recommending to the Board corporate governance guidelines for the Company and making recommendations to the Board with respect to corporate governance guidelines; (b) reviewing the performance of the Board, Board members, Board committees and management; and (c) identifying individuals qualified to become Board and Board committee members and recommending such nominees to the Board for election or appointment. Pursuant to the written CGNC Charter, all members must have a working familiarity with corporate governance practices. The CGNC may form and delegate authority to subcommittees when appropriate and must meet not less frequently than one time per year.

The Board has adopted a written position description for the chair of the CGNC. The chair is generally responsible for overseeing the CGNC in its responsibilities. The chair'schair’s duties and responsibilities include ensuring the independence of the Board in the discharge of its responsibilities, presiding at each meeting of the CGNC, leading it in discharging its tasks and reporting to the Board on its activities.

Nomination of Directors

The CGNC examines the size and composition of the Board taking into consideration the benefits of all aspects of diversity, and recommends adjustments from time to time to ensure that the Board is of a size and composition that facilitates effective decision making.making, having due regard for the benefits of diversity. It also identifies and assesses the necessary and desirable competencies and characteristics for Board membership and regularly assesses the extent to which those competencies and characteristics are represented on the Board. The CGNC identifies individuals qualified to become members of the Board, having due regard for the benefits of Board diversity and the Company's Board Diversity Policy, actively seeks out such individuals when there is a vacancy or when so directed by the Board and makes recommendations to the Board for the appointment or election of director nominees and for membership on other committees of the Board.

Director Skills Matrix

In identifying and considering potential new candidates for the Board when vacancies arise and as part of the Company’s ongoing Board succession plan, and when evaluating directors, the CGNC has access to a skills matrix it has developed to identify and assess the Board’s skills. The director nominees have the skills and experience shown in the following matrix.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS EXPERTISE MATRIX
Skill/ExperienceNumber of
Directors (/6)      

Public Company Board Experience

Prior experience as a board member of a publicly listed company (other than Mason Resources) and knowledge of public company regulatory compliance.

6

Mining Industry Experience

Knowledge of the mining industry, market and business imperatives, international regulatory environment and stakeholder management.

6

Mergers & Acquisitions

Experience in mergers and acquisitions.

6

Mining Finance

Experience in finance for the mining industry.

6

Joint Ventures

Experience negotiating and operating in a joint venture environment.

5

International Experience

Experience working in an organization that has business in one or more developing nations.

6

Dealing with Governments

Experience in, or a good understanding of, the workings of governments and public policy domestically and internationally.

6

Executive Experience

Experience working as a senior officer of a publicly listed company or major organization.

5

Legal

Experience on legal matters with a publicly listed company or major organization including drafting and negotiating contracts, conducting financings, dealing with regulatory bodies on securities, corporate or other regulatory matters.

2

Corporate Governance

Knowledge of good corporate governance practices and policies and experience in implementing them.

6

Financial Literacy

The ability to read and understand a set of financial statements that present a breadth and level of complexity of accounting issues faced by the Company, or experience in financial accounting and reporting and corporate finance (familiarity with internal financial controls, Canadian or U.S. GAAP and/or IFRS).

6

Risk Management

Experience in overseeing policies and processes to identify a resource company’s principal business risks and to confirm that appropriate systems are in place to mitigate these risks.

5

Royalty Company Experience

Experience working inside or on the board of a royalty company.

1

U.S. Compliance

Knowledge of U.S. compliance issues.

5

Business Judgment

Track record of leveraging own experience and wisdom in making sound strategic and operational business decisions, demonstrates business acumen and a mindset for risk oversight.

5

Corporate Responsibility and Sustainable Development

Understanding and experience with corporate responsibility practices and the constituents involved in sustainable development policies.

6

Media Relations

Experience in dealing with the media on matters relating to operations and public relations issues.

4

Human Resources

Prior or current experience in executive compensation and the oversight of succession planning, talent planning and retention programs.

5

Representation of Women on the Board and in Executive Officer Positions

On May 25, 2015, the Company adopted a Board Diversity Policy, which confirms the Company’s commitment to achieving and maintaining diversity on the Board, with a specific emphasis on gender diversity. The Company recognizes and embraces the benefits of having a diverse Board that may draw on a variety of perspectives, skills, experience and expertise to facilitate effective decision making. The Company also views diversity at the Board level as an important element in strong corporate governance.

The Company recognizes that gender diversity is a significant aspect of diversity and acknowledges the important role that women with appropriate and relevant skills and experience can play in contributing to the diversity of perspective on the Board. However, the Board Diversity Policy does not specifically call for the identification and nomination of women directors. Candidates will be recommended for appointment or election as directors based on merit considered against objective criteria, having due regard for the benefits of diversity. The Company believes other aspects of diversity must also be considered, including skills, experience, education, age, ethnicity, and geographical and cultural background, to ensure that the Board, as a whole, reflects a range of viewpoints, background, skills, experience and expertise.

New members of the Board are nominated, or recommended for the Board’s selection, by the CGNC. In fulfilling its responsibilities to identify individuals qualified to become members of the Board, the CGNC will consider (i) the independence of each nominee; (ii) the experience and background of each nominee; (iii) having a balance of skills for the Board and its committees to meet their respective mandates; (iv) the benefits of diversity andon the Company'sBoard, including gender diversity, as outlined in the Company’s Board Diversity Policy.

Assessments
ThePolicy; (v) the level of representation of women on the Board, in order to support the specific objective of gender diversity; (vi) the past performance of directors being considered forre-election; (vii) applicable regulatory requirements; and (viii) such other criteria as may be established by the Board or the CGNC regularly reviews thefrom time required from non-executive directors to perform their functions and assesses whether they are satisfying those time requirements.  It receives comments from all directors astime. No fixed targets or quotas relating to the Board's performance,representation of women on the Board have been adopted, although the CGNC is responsible for overseeingsetting measurable objectives for promoting diversity, with a particular emphasis on gender diversity, and recommending them to the executionBoard for approval on an annual basis. One of the six directors on the Board is a woman (17%).

The Company does not consider the level of women in executive officer positions when making executive officer appointments, and no fixed targets or quotas relating to the representation of women in executive officer positions have been adopted. The Board will consider candidates who have been selected based on the primary considerations of experience, skills, ability, education and compatibility with the Company’s corporate vision, values and principles, including the Company’s commitment to diversity. One of the Company’s three executive officers, namely the Vice President, Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary, is a woman (33%).

Board Assessment and Renewal

The Board undertakes a robust annual assessment process assessingthat includes director reviews conducted through completion of an annual assessment questionnaire regarding the performance and effectiveness of the Board, each committee and each director, andone-on-one conversations between theNon-Executive Chair of the Board and the chair of the CGNC. TheNon-Executive Chair of the Board committeeswill have informal discussions with directors on a selective basis, as required, to fully understand any concerns raised or recommendations advanced in the assessment process, before reporting to and leading a whole,discussion among the full Board. Based on the results of the questionnaire and the skills matrix identified above, the CGNC may recommend adjustments from time to time to ensure necessary and desirable competencies and characteristics are represented on the Board and the Board is of a size and composition that facilitates effective decision making.

The Company has not adopted a mandatory retirement age for directors or imposed any restrictions on a director’s ability to stand forre-election. The Company is of the opinion that imposing such restrictions could put the Company at risk of losing longer serving directors who have anin-depth knowledge and understanding of the Company and its business. This loss of knowledge and understanding would not necessarily be in the best interests of the Company or its shareholders. However, to balance the benefits of experience with the need for new perspective, the Board Diversity Policy provides that periodically, but at least once every three years, the Board will consider the need for and, if deemed necessary, implement a renewal program intended to achieve what the Board believes to be a desirable balance of skills, experience, expertise, gender, age and other diversity criteria. In considering and identifying new directors for nomination, the CGNC will meet to identify the particular reference toskills needed of new recruits. Among other things, the MandateCGNC uses the skills matrix identified above and the results of the assessment questionnaire and, together with input from theNon-Executive Chair of the Board and, if appropriate, committee charters, where applicable.  Itthe CEO, determines the necessary attributes and experience required of a new member which would represent the best fit for the Board and future needs of the Company. Once a list of key attributes, skills and competencies for a potential new director is required to report annuallyidentified, the CGNC then creates a list of possible candidates for consideration and evaluation, which are then presented to the full Board on such assessments.

Technical Committee
The members offor further discussion and evaluation. Only after rigorous discussion by the Technical Committee consist of Alan Edwards (chair), Mark BaileyCGNC and Gorden Glenn. Mr. Edwardsthe Board is a mining engineer and Mssrs. Bailey and Glenn are geologists.  The Technical Committee is comprised entirelyshort-list of independent directors.  The mandate of the Technical Committee is to exercise all of the powers ofpotential Board candidates created, following which the Board (except those powers specifically reserved by law to the Board itself) during intervals between meetings of the Board pertaining to the Company's mining properties, programs, budgets, and other related activities and the administration thereof.
134

The primary objective of the Technical Committee is to review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the approval of budgets, exploration programs and other activities related to the Company's mining properties.  The Board has adopted a Technical Committee Charter, which provides that the Technical Committee must have at least three members, at least one of whom is independent, and all of whom are engineers or geoscientists, or otherwise have sufficient expertise to comprehend and evaluate technical issues associatedworks together with the Company's mining properties.  The Technical Committee must meet at least two times per year.
The Board has adopted a written position description forCGNC to develop the chair ofbest plan to recruit the Technical Committee, who should be independent.  The chair is generally responsible for overseeing the Technical Committee in its responsibilities.  The chair's duties and responsibilities include presiding at each meeting of the Technical Committee, leading the Technical Committee in discharging its tasks and reporting to the Board on the activities of the Technical Committee.preferred candidate(s).

D.

Employees

At December 31, 2015, we2019, Entrée had 18 full timefive full-time and two part-time employees working for us in Canada, Mongolia and the United States (2014 – 35 full time and 6 temporary; 2013 – 34 full time)).  As at March 30, 2016, we had 13 full time employees working for us, of which seven are based in Vancouver, four areBritish Columbia and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (2018 – seven full-time and one part-time employees; 2017 – eight full-time employees). Entrée also had two part-time consultants based in the United States and two are based in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

In the United States, field operations are headed by an Exploration Manager who is supported by one full time geologist, one full time core technician, and one full time administrative staff. Vancouver, British Columbia.

None of ourEntrée’s employees belong to a union or are subject to a collective agreement. We consider our employeeEmployee relations are considered to be good.

E.

Share Ownership

The table below sets out the municipality of residence and securities held by directors and executive officers as at March 30, 2016.

Name and municipality of residence No. of Common Shares beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, or controlled(1). No. of securities held on a fully-diluted basis
Mark Bailey(2)
Arizona
U.S.A.
 392,922  Shares:392,922 
  Warrants:0 
  Stock options: 580,000 
  Total:972,922 
James Harris(3)
British Columbia
Canada
 443,062  Shares:443,062 
  Warrants: 0 
  Stock options:680,000 
  Total:1,123,062 
Rt. Honourable Lord Howard of Lympne
London, UK
 128,800  Shares:128,800 
  Warrants:0 
  Stock options:780,000 
  Total:908,800 
Alan Edwards(4)
Arizona
U.S.A
 158,000  Shares:158,000 
  Warrants0 
  Stock options580,000 
  
Total(5):
738,000 
Gorden Glenn(5)
Ontario
Canada
 0  Shares:0 
  Warrants0 
  Stock options605,000 
  Total:605,000 
Anna Stylianides(6)
California
U.S.A.
 0  Shares:0 
  Warrants0 
  Stock options175,000 
  Total:175,000 
Stephen Scott
British Columbia
Canada
 0  Shares:0 
  Warrants0 
  Stock options500,000 
  Total:500,000 
Bruce Colwill(7)
British Columbia
Canada
 25,700  Shares:25,700 
  Warrants 0 
  Stock options1,175,000 
  
Total(8):
1,200,700 
Robert  Cinits
British Columbia
Canada
 0  Shares:0 
  Warrants:0 
  Stock Options:1,060,000 
  Total: 1,060,000 
Susan McLeod
British Columbia
Canada
 9,500  Shares:9,500 
  Warrants:0 
  Stock options:985,000 
  Total:994,500 
135

13, 2020.

  Name and municipality of residenceNo. of Common
Shares beneficially
owned, directly or
indirectly, or
controlled(1).

No. of securities held on a fully-

diluted basis

  Mark Bailey(2)

  Arizona

  U.S.A.

749,993Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


749,993

50,000

950,000

1,749,993


  James Harris(3)

  British Columbia

  Canada

1,053,062Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


1,053,062

67,500

925,000

2,045,562


  Michael Price

  London, UK(4)

NilCommon Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


Nil

Nil

525,000

525,000


  Alan Edwards(5)

  Arizona

  U.S.A

632,783Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


632,783

60,975

850,000

1,543,758


  Anna Stylianides(6)

  British Columbia

  Canada

73,171Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


73,171

36,585

950,000

1,059,756


  Stephen Scott(7)

  British Columbia

  Canada

442,561Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


442,561

48,780

2,225,000

2,716,341


  Duane Lo

  British Columbia

  Canada

726,300Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


726,300

122,000

1,050,000

1,898,300


  Susan McLeod

  British Columbia

  Canada

712,097Common Shares:

Replacement Warrants:

Stock options:

Total:


712,097

61,000

1,035,000

1,808,097


(1)

Meaning an officer of the issuer, or a director or senior officer that has direct or indirect beneficial ownership of, control or direction over, or a combination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership of and control or direction over securities of the issuer carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to all the issuer'sissuer’s outstanding securities.

(2)

Member of the Compensation Committee and Technical Committee.

(3)

Member of the CGNC (chair), Audit Committee and Technical Committee.Compensation Committee (chair).

(3)(4)

Member of the Corporate GovernanceAudit Committee and Nominating Committee (chair) and CompensationTechnical Committee.

(4)(5)

Member of the Technical Committee (chair), CGNC and Compensation Committee and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee.

(5)(6)

Member of the Audit Committee (chair), Compensation Committee and Technical Committee.CGNC.

(6)(7)

Member of the Audit Committee and Corporate Governance and NominatingTechnical Committee.

(7)Mr. Colwill resigned as an employee of the Company effective March 22, 2016. He continues to serve as the Company's CFO under a consulting agreement dated March 23, 2016.

To the best of the Company'sCompany’s knowledge as at December 31, 2015,2019 and March 13, 2020, directors and executive officers, as a group, beneficially owned, or controlled or directed, directly or indirectly, 1,107,9844,389,967 Common Shares (not including Common Shares issuable upon exercise of Replacement Warrants or stock options) representing 0.75%2.5% of the then outstanding Common Shares.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets out information as of the end of the Company'sCompany’s most recently completed financial year with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance.

Plan Category
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
 

(a)
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(C$)

 
(b)
Number of securities remaining available for future issuances under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
 
(c) (1)
Equity compensation plans approved by securityholders13,208,000$0.601,525,091
Equity compensation plans not approved by securityholders
500,000(2)
N/ANil
Total13,708,000$0.601,525,091

Plan Category  

Number of securities to be

issued upon exercise of
  outstanding options, warrants

and rights

 

(a)

  

Weighted-average exercise
  price of outstanding  options,
warrants and rights

(C$)

 

(b)

  

Number of securities
    remaining available for future
issuances under equity

compensation plans

(excluding securities reflected

in column (a))

(c) (1)

 
    

Equity compensation plans approved by securityholders

  

 

 

 

9,945,000

 

     

 

 

 

 

$0.43

 

     

 

 

 

 

9,945,000

 

     

    

Equity compensation plans not approved by securityholders

  

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

 

 

 

 

N/A

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nil

 

 

    

Total

   9,945,000   $0.43   9,945,000 

(1)

The maximum aggregate number of Common Shares issuable pursuant to options grantedawarded under the Plan and outstanding from time to time may not exceed that number which represents 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time. The Company shall, at all times while the Plan is in effect, reserve a sufficient number of Common Shares to satisfy the requirements of the Plan. The Plan also provides that exercised options will automatically be available for subsequent grantsawards and for the reservation and issuance of additional Common Shares pursuant to such options. Accordingly, the Plan constitutes both a "rolling"“rolling” plan and an "evergreen"“evergreen” plan, and its renewal must be approved by the Company'sCompany’s shareholders every three years in accordance with the policies of the TSX. The Plan was last approved on June 26, 2014.May 1, 2017.

(2)On November 16, 2015, the Company agreed to grant to Stephen Scott, as an inducement for his service, up to 500,000 Common Shares. The Common Shares are issuable at the discretion of the Board, based on the achievement of certain performance criteria.  The grant was made outside the Company's existing shareholder approved equity incentive plans and was approved by the independent members of the Company's Board as a material inducement to Mr. Scott's employment in reliance upon Section 711(a) of the NYSE MKT Company Guide. In the event the Board determines that shares are issuable to Mr. Scott, the Company may, at its option, satisfy its obligation by making a cash payment to Mr. Scott equivalent to the then market price of the Common Shares.
136

Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
Item 7.

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

A.

Major Shareholders

As far as it is known to the Company, other than identified below, it is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by any other corporation or by the Canadian Government, or any foreign government, or by any other natural or legal person.

To the knowledge of the Company'sCompany’s directors and senior officers, the following table sets forth certain information as at March 30, 2016,13, 2020, concerning the ownership of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares as to each person known by the directors and senior officers, based solely upon public records and filings, to be the direct or indirect owner of more than five percent (5%) of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares, who owned more than five percent of the outstanding shares of each class of the Company'sCompany’s voting securities.

 Shareholder NameNumber of SharesPercentage of Issued Shares
 Rio Tinto International Holdings Limited
30,366,129(1)
19.90%
 Sandstorm Gold Ltd.22,985,74615.10%
 Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec12,381,4008.10%

Shareholder Name

Number of Shares

Percentage of Issued Shares

Rio Tinto International Holdings Limited

30,366,129(1)

17.4%

Sandstorm Gold Ltd.

37,136,880 (2)

21.2%

(1)

Rio Tinto International Holdings Limited holds 16,566,796 Common Shares directly. It also has a beneficial interest in 13,799,333 CommonCommon Shares held by Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd.

(2)

Sandstorm also owns 457,317 Replacement Warrants.

Changes in ownership by major shareholders

To the best of the Company'sCompany’s knowledge there have been no changes in the ownership of the Company'sCompany’s shares held by major shareholders during the last three fiscal years other than as disclosed herein.

In the year ended December 31, 2015, Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec sold 150,000 Common Shares of the Company, decreasing its ownership from 12,531,400 to 12,381,400 Common Shares of the Company.

On March 1, 2016, the Company issued 5,128,604 Common Shares to Sandstorm at a price of C$0.3496 per shareCommon Share pursuant to the Agreement to Amend.Amend described under “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Sandstorm – Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement” above. The price was calculated using the volume weighted average priceVWAP of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares on the TSX for the 15 trading days preceding February 23, 2016, the effective date of the Agreement to Amend. Following closing, Sandstorm holdsheld 22,985,746 Common Shares or approximately 15.1% of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares of the Company.

On January 11, 2017, Sandstorm acquired 914,634 units of the Company at a price of C$0.41 per unit as part of the largerNon-Brokered Private Placement. See “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview –Non-Brokered Private Placement” above. Following closing, Sandstorm held 23,900,380 Common Shares or approximately 13.8% of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares of the Company.

In the year ended December 31, 2018, Sandstorm made market purchases through the facilities of the TSX increasing its ownership from 23,900,380 Common Shares to 28,559,880 Common Shares of the Company, or approximately 16.3% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company.

Company as at December 31, 2018.

In the year ended December 31, 2019, Sandstorm made market purchases through the facilities of the TSX increasing its ownership from 28,559,880 Common Shares to 36,138,880 Common Shares of the Company, or approximately 20.6% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company as at December 31, 2019.

As at March 13, 2020, Sandstorm holds 37,136,880 Common Shares (approximately 21.2% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company) and Replacement Warrants to purchase an additional 457,317 Common Shares.

Voting Rights

The Company'sCompany’s major shareholders do not have different voting rights.

Shares Held in the United States

As of March 30, 2016,10, 2020, there were approximately 2223 registered holders of the Company'sCompany’s Common Shares in the United States, with combined holdings of 22,209,37841,425,735 Common Shares.

Change of Control

As of the date of this Annual Report, there were no arrangements known to the Company which may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of the Company.

137

Control by Others

To the best of the Company'sCompany’s knowledge, the Company is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation, any foreign government, or any other natural or legal person, severally or jointly.

B.

Related Party Transactions

During the three-year period ended December 31, 2015:

The Company did not enterentered into anyno transactions with related parties during the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2019 and has not entered into a transaction with a related party from January 1, 2020 up to the date of this Annual Report.

Directors and Key Management Personnel

The Company’s related parties include its wholly owned subsidiaries and key management personnel. Direct remuneration paid to the Company’s directors and key management personnel during the years ended December 31, 2015.2019 and 2018 are as follows:

    

      2019

  

      2018

 

Directors fees

  

$

            132

     

 

$

            142

     

Salaries and benefits

  

$

588

 

 

$

1,143

 

Share-based compensation

  

$

321

 

 

$

461

 

The Company did not enter into any transactions with related parties during the year ended

As of December 31, 2014.

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company paid consulting fees of $1,167 (December 31, 2012 - $Nil) to an immediate family member of the Company's Vice President, Corporate Development. The transaction was2019, included in the normal courseaccounts payable and accrued liabilities balance on the consolidated statement of operations and was measured at the exchange amount, which represented the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related party. All services under the agreement have been provided.

On February 23, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend, which provides for a 17% reduction in the metal credits that the Companyfinancial position is required to sell and deliver to Sandstorm under the 2013 Agreement. In return, the Company refunded 17% of the Deposit by paying $5.5$0.0 million in cash and issuing $1.3 million of Common Shares (thereby reducing the Deposit to $33.2 million). At closing, the parties entered into the Amended Funding Agreement. See "Item 4B. – Business Overview – Agreements with Sandstorm".
The transaction closed on March 1, 2016. Pursuantdue to the Agreement to Amend, the Company issued 5,128,604 Common Shares to Sandstorm atCompany’s directors and key management personnel.

Upon a pricechange of C$0.3496 per share. The price was calculated using the volume weighted average price of the Company's Common Shares on the TSX for the 15 trading days preceding February 23, 2016, the effective date of the Agreement to Amend. Following closing, Sandstorm holds 22,985,746 Common Shares, or 15.07% of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company.

Sandstorm is an informed person and a related party as that term is defined in Multilateral Instrument 61-101 – Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions ("MI 61-101") by virtue of the fact that Sandstorm beneficially owns Common Sharescontrol of the Company, carrying more than 10%amounts totaling $1.1 million will become payable to certain officers and management of the voting rights attached to all of the Company's outstanding Common Shares. The Company relied on exemptions from the formal valuation and minority approval requirements set out in MI 61-101 based on a determination that neither the fair market value of the partial refund or the amendments (including, without limitation, the reduction in deliverable metal credits), exceeds 25% of the Company's market capitalization. The Agreement to Amend was approved by the Board, which is entirely comprised of independent directors, with one director dissenting.
Company.

C.

Interests of Experts and Counsel

Not Applicable.

Item 8. Financial Information
Item 8.

Financial Information

A.

Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

The following financial statements of the Company are attached to this Annual Report:

·

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Report on Consolidated Financial Statements;Auditors’ Report;

·Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014;
·

Consolidated Statements of OperationsFinancial Position as at December 31, 2019 and 2018;

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, 2013;2019, 2018 and 2017;

·

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity,  including Balances as ofChanges in Shareholders’ Deficiency for the years ended December 31, 2012, December 31, 2013, December 31, 20142019, 2018 and December 31, 2015;2017;

138

·

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 20142019, 2018 and 2013;2017; and

·

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.2019.

Legal Proceedings

None.

Dividend Policy

The Company has not declared any dividends on its Common Shares since its inception on July 19, 1995. There is no restriction in the Company'sCompany’s Articles that will limit its ability to pay dividends on its Common Shares. However, the Company does not anticipate declaring and paying dividends to its shareholders in the near future.

B.

Significant Changes

None.

None.
Item 9. The Offer and Listing
Item 9.

The Offer and Listing

A.

Offer and Listing

The Company'sCompany’s Common Shares were traded on the TSX Venture Exchange until April 24, 2006. On April 24, 2006 the Company began trading on the TSX. The Company'sCompany is traded on the TSX under the symbol is "ETG"“ETG”. The Company’s Common Shares also traded on the NYSE American LLC under the symbol “EGI” until September 30, 2019. Effective October 1, 2019, the Company voluntarily withdrew its Common Shares from listing on NYSE American LLC and its CUSIP number is 29383-100.  The Company's Common Shares commenced trading on the OTCQB under the symbol “ERLFF”.

B.

Plan of Distribution

Not Applicable.

C.

Markets

The Company’s outstanding Common Shares are listed on the TSX and are also traded on the NYSE MKT under the symbol "EGI" and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the symbol "EKA" (WKN:121411).

The following table sets forth the high and low prices expressed in Canadian dollars on the TSX and in United States dollars on NYSE MKT in the United States for the Company's Common Shares for the past five years, for each quarter for the last two fiscal years, and for the last six months.


 TSXNYSE MKT
(Canadian Dollars)(United States Dollars)
     
Last Five Fiscal Years
High
Low
High
Low
20150.660.180.510.08
20140.520.180.470.16
20130.620.250.620.22
20121.410.391.410.40
20113.401.053.521.00

2015
High
Low
High
Low
Fourth Quarter ended December 31, 20150.440.270.370.20
Third Quarter ended September 31, 20150.420.290.400.22
Second Quarter ended June 30, 20150.660.200.510.15
First Quarter ended March 31, 20150.260.180.210.08
     
2014
High
Low
High
Low
Fourth Quarter ended December 31, 20140.310.180.260.16
Third Quarter ended September 31, 20140.350.270.340.25
Second Quarter ended June 30, 20140.430.310.390.28
First Quarter ended March 31, 20140.520.320.470.30
     
Last Six Months
High
Low
High
Low
Feb-160.430.270.320.18
Jan-160.340.250.240.17
Dec-150.340.280.260.20
Nov-150.380.310.280.24
Oct-150.440.320.370.24
Sep-150.530.290.400.22
139

The closing price of the Company's Common Shares as reported by the TSX on December 31, 2015 was C$0.29. The closing price of the Company's Common Shares as reported by the NYSE MKT on December 31, 2015 was $0.2359.
The Company's Common Shares are issued in registered form.  Computershare Investor Services Inc. is the registrar and transfer agent for the Company's Common Shares.
On December 31, 2015, the shareholders' list for the Company's Common Shares showed 1,233 registered shareholders and 147,330,917 Common Shares outstanding.
The Company has no outstanding securities not listed on a marketplace other than incentive stock options.  Since the beginning of the most recently completed financial year, stock options to purchase an aggregate 1,670,000 Common Shares were granted.  The following table outlines the details of each grant:
Number of Options
Exercise Price
(CDN$)
 Grant Date
 100,000$0.38 July 13, 2015
 500,000$0.35 November 16, 2015
 1,070,000$0.33 December 4, 2015
B.Plan of Distribution
Not Applicable.
C.Markets
The Company's Common Shares were traded on the TSX Venture Exchange until April 24, 2006.  On April 24, 2006, the Company began trading on the TSX.  The Company's symbol is "ETG" and its CUSIP number is 29383-100.  The Company's Common Shares are also traded on the NYSE MKT under the symbol "EGI" and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the symbol "EKA" (WKN:121411).
OTCQB.

D.

Selling Shareholders

Not Applicable.

E.

Dilution

Not Applicable.

F.

Expenses of the Issue

Not Applicable.

Item 10. Additional Information
Item 10.

Additional Information

A.

Share Capital

Not Applicable.

140

B.

Memorandum and Articles of Association

The Company is continued under the laws of British Columbia and is governed by the BCBCA.

The Notice of Articles and Articles A copy of the Company (together, the "Articles")Company’s Articles is incorporated by reference into this Form20-F as Exhibit 1.3.

The Company’s Articles do not address the Company'sCompany’s objects and purposes and there are no restrictions on the business the Company may carry on in the Articles.

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares without par value. Each Common Share is entitled to one vote. All Common Shares of the Company rank equally as to dividends, voting power and participation in assets. No Common Shares have been issued subject to call or assessment. There are nopre-emptive or conversion rights and no provision for exchange, exercise, redemption and retraction, purchase for cancellation, surrender or sinking or purchase funds. Provisions as to modification, amendments or variation of such rights or such provisions are contained in the BCBCA and the Company'sCompany’s Articles.

A director or senior officer who has, directly or indirectly, a material interest in an existing or proposed material contract or transaction of the Company may not vote in respect of any such proposed material contract or transaction.

The directors may from time to time in their discretion authorize and cause the Company to:

(a)

borrow money in such amount, in such manner, on such security, from such sources and upon such terms and conditions as they think fit;

(b)

guarantee the repayment of money borrowed by any person or the performance of any obligation of any person;

(c)

issue bonds, debentures, notes and other debt obligations either outright or as continuing security for any indebtedness or liability, direct or indirect, or obligation of the Company or of any other person; and

(d)

mortgage, charge (whether by way of a specific or floating charge), grant a security interest in or give other security on the undertaking or on the whole or any part of the property and assets of the Company, both present and future.

There are no age considerations pertaining to the retirement ornon-retirement of directors.

A director is not required to hold a share in the capital of the Company as qualification for his office but shall be qualified as required by the BCBCA, to become or act as a director.

A director may hold any office or appointment with the Company (except as auditor of the Company) in conjunction with his office of director for such period and on such terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) as the Board may determine. The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he may incur in and about the business of the Company. If a director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director or shall otherwise be specially occupied in or about the Company'sCompany’s business, he may be paid remuneration to be fixed by the Board, or, at the option of such director, by ordinary resolution, and such remuneration may be either in addition to or in substitution for any other remuneration that he may be entitled to receive.

Subject to the provisions of the BCBCA, the Company may indemnify any person. The Company must, subject to the provisions of the BCBCA, indemnify a director, officer or alternate director or a former director, officer or alternate director of the Company or a person who, at the request of the Company, is or was a director, alternate director or officer of another corporation, at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of the Company or a person who, at the request of the Company, is or was, or holds or held a position equivalent to that of, a director, alternate director or officer of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity (in each case, an "eligible party"“eligible party”), and the heirs and personal representatives of any such eligible party, against all judgments, penalties or fines awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, a legal proceeding or investigative action (whether current, threatened, pending or completed) in which such eligible party or any of the heirs and personal representatives of such eligible party, by reason of such eligible party being or having been a director, alternate director or officer or holding or having held a position equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer, is or may be joined as a party or is or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in, or expenses related to the proceeding.

All of the authorized Common Shares of the Company are of the same class and, once issued, rank equally as to dividends, voting powers, and participation in assets. Holders of Common Shares are entitled to one vote for each Common Share held of record on all matters to be acted upon by the shareholders. Holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board, in its discretion, out of funds legally available therefore.

141

Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive pro rata the assets of the Company, if any, remaining after payments of all debts and liabilities. No Common Shares have been issued subject to call or assessment. There are nopre-emptive or conversion rights and no provisions for redemption or purchase for cancellation, surrender, or sinking or purchase funds.

Provisions as to the modification, amendment or variation of such shareholder rights or provisions are contained in the BCBCA and the Articles. Unless the BCBCA or the Company'sCompany’s Articles otherwise provide, any action to be taken by a resolution of the shareholders may be taken by an ordinary resolution or by a vote of a majority or more of the shares represented at the shareholders'shareholders’ meeting.

The BCBCA contains provisions which require a "special resolution"“special resolution” for effecting certain corporate actions. Such a "special resolution"“special resolution” requires atwo-thirds vote of shareholders rather than a simple majority for passage. The principle corporate actions that require a "special resolution"“special resolution” include:

a.

transferring the Company'sCompany’s jurisdiction from British Columbia to another jurisdiction;

b.

giving financial assistance under certain circumstances;

c.

certain conflicts of interest by directors;

d.

disposing of all or substantially all of the Company'sCompany’s undertakings;

e.

certain alterations of share capital;

f.

altering any restrictions on the Company'sCompany’s business; and

g.

certain reorganizations of the Company.

There are no restrictions on the repurchase or redemption of Common Shares of the Company while there is any arrearage in the payment of dividends or sinking fund installments.

There is no liability to further capital calls by the Company.

There are no provisions discriminating against any existing or prospective holder of securities as a result of such shareholder owning a substantial number of Common Shares.

No right or special right attached to issued shares may be prejudiced or interfered with unless the shareholders holding shares of the class or series of shares to which the right or special right is attached consent by a separate special resolution of those shareholders.

There are no limitations on the rights to own securities.

There is no provision of the Company'sCompany’s Articles that would have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving the Company (or any of its subsidiaries).

Shareholder ownership must be disclosed to Canadian securities administrators and the TSX by any shareholder who owns more than 10% of the Company'sCompany’s outstanding Common Shares.

C.

Material Contracts

The Company has the following material contracts:

1.

Arrangement Agreement dated February 28, 2017 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Mason Resources Corp.

See “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Arrangement” above.

2.

Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement dated February 14, 2013 and amended March 1, 2016 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Sandstorm Gold Ltd.

See "Item“Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Agreements with Sandstorm – Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement"Agreement” above.

142

2.3.

Joint Venture Agreement deemed effective June 30, 2008 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Ivanhoe Mines Mongolia Inc. XXK (now OTLLC).

Pursuant toEarn-In Agreement, a joint venture was formed on June 30, 2008 and the parties were required to enter into a joint venture agreementEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA in the form attached to theEarn-In Agreement as Appendix A (the "Joint Venture Agreement").

A.

The Joint Venture AgreementEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA contains provisions governing the parties'parties’ activities on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, including exploration, acquisition of additional real property and other interests, evaluation of, and if justified, engaging in development and other operations, engaging in marketing products, and completing and satisfying all environmental compliance and other continuing obligations affecting the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

3.4.

Equity Participation andEarn-in Agreement dated October 15, 2004, between Entrée Gold Inc. and Ivanhoe Mines Ltd. (now Turquoise Hill), as amended on November 9, 2004 and subsequently assigned to Ivanhoe Mines Mongolia Inc. XXK (OTLLC) on March 1, 2005.

Under theEarn-In Agreement, OTLLC earned a 70% interest in mineralization above a depth of 560 metresm on the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, and an 80% interest in mineralization below that depth, by spending an aggregate $35 million on exploration. OTLLC completed itsearn-in on June 30, 2008, at which time a joint venture was formed under the terms of the Joint Venture Agreement.Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA. The Joint Venture AgreementEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVA was intended to replace theEarn-In Agreement, with theEarn-In Agreement terminating, except for certain provisions that expressly survive the termination. Those parts include provisions related to the Joint Venture Agreement,Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JVACo title, tenure and related matters and arbitration.


D.

Exchange Controls

Canada has no system of exchange controls. There are no Canadian restrictions on the repatriation of capital or earnings of a Canadian public company tonon-resident investors. There are no laws in Canada or exchange restrictions affecting the remittance of dividends, profits, interest, royalties and other payments tonon-resident holders of the Company'sCompany’s securities, except as discussed below under "Item“Item 10. Additional Information – E. Taxation"Taxation”.

There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in the organizing documents of the Company on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of the Company, except that theInvestment Canada Act may require review and approval by the Minister of Industry (Canada) of certain acquisitions of "control"“control” of the Company by a "non-Canadian"“non-Canadian”. The threshold for acquisitions of control is generally defined as beingone-third or more of the voting shares of the Company. "Non-Canadian"“Non-Canadian” generally means an individual who is not a Canadian citizen, or a corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture that is ultimately controlled bynon-Canadians.

E.

Taxation

Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following summarizes the principal Canadian federal income tax consequences applicable to the holding and disposition of Common Shares in the capital of the Company by a holder who is ornot, and is not deemed to be, a United States resident of Canada for the purposes of theIncome Tax Act (Canada) (the "Tax Act"“Tax Act”), and who holds Common Shares solely as capital property and does not use or hold, and is not deemed to use or hold, Common Shares in connection with carrying on a business in Canada, referred to in this summary as a "U.S. Holder"“U.S. Holder”. This summary is not applicable to a U.S. Holder that is an insurer carrying on an insurance business in Canada and elsewhere. This summary is based on the current provisions of the Tax Act, the regulations thereunder, all amendments thereto publicly proposed by the government of Canada, the published administrative practices of the Canada Revenue Agency, and the current provisions of the Convention Between Canada and the United States of America with Respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital, signed September 26, 1980, as amended (the "Canada-U.S.“Canada-U.S. Tax Convention"Convention”). Except as otherwise expressly provided, this summary does not take into account any provincial, territorial or foreign (including without limitation, any United States) tax law or treaty. It has been assumed that all currently proposed amendments will be enacted substantially as proposed and that there is no other relevant change in any governing law or practice, although no assurance can be given in these respects.

143

Each U.S. Holder is advised to obtain tax and legal advice applicable to such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s particular circumstances.

Every U.S. Holder is liable to pay a Canadian withholding tax on every dividend that is or is deemed to be paid or credited to the U.S. Holder on the U.S. Holder'sHolder’s Common Shares. The statutory rate of withholding tax is 25% of the gross amount of the dividend paid. TheCanada-U.S. Tax Convention reduces the statutory rate with respect to dividends paid to a U.S. Holder, if that U.S. Holder is eligible for benefits under theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention. Where applicable, the general rate of withholding tax under theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention is 15% of the gross amount of the dividend, but if the U.S. Holder is a company that owns at least 10% of the voting stock of the Company and beneficially owns the dividend, the rate of withholding tax is 5% for dividends paid or credited to such corporate U.S. Holder. The Company is required to withhold the applicable tax from the dividend payable to the U.S. Holder, and to remit the tax to the Receiver General of Canada for the account of the U. S. Holder.

A U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of a capital gain realized on the disposition or deemed disposition of a Common Share unless the Common Share constitutes "taxable“taxable Canadian property"property” of the U.S. Holder for purposes of the Tax Act and the gain is not exempt from tax pursuant to the terms of theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention.

Provided that the Common Shares are listed on a "designated“designated stock exchange"exchange” for purposes of the Tax Act (which currently includes the TSX) at the time of disposition, the Common Shares generally will not constitute "taxable“taxable Canadian property"property” of a U.S. Holder, unless at any time during the 60 month period immediately preceding the disposition: (i) the U.S. Holder, persons with whom the U.S. Holder did not deal at "arm's length"“arm’s length” for the purposes of the Tax Act, partnerships in which the U.S. Holder or a person with whom the U.S. Holder did not deal at “arm’s length” for the purposes of the Tax Act holds a membership interest directly or indirectly through one or more partnerships, or the U.S. Holder together with all such persons, owned 25% or more of the issued shares of any class of the Company and; (ii) more than 50% of the fair market value of the Common Shares was derived directly or indirectly from one or any combination of real or immovable property situated in Canada, "Canadian“Canadian resource properties"properties” (as defined in the Tax Act), "timber“timber resource properties"properties” (as defined in the Tax Act), or options in respect of, or interests in, or for civil law rights in, such property whether or not such property exists.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Common Shres may otherwise in certain circumstances be deemed to be taxable Canadian property to a U.S. Holder for the purposes of the Tax Act.

Even if a Common Share is considered to be "taxable“taxable Canadian property"property” to a U.S. Holder, the U.S. Holder may be exempt from tax under the Tax Act if such shares are "treaty-protected property"“treaty-protected property” for the purposes of the Tax Act. Common Shares owned by a U.S. Holder will generally be "treaty-protected property"“treaty-protected property” if the gain from the disposition of such shares would, because of theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention, be exempt from tax under Part I of the Tax Act.

U.S. Holders who may hold Common Shares as "taxable“taxable Canadian property"property” should consult their own tax advisors.

Certain United States Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares of the Company.

This summary is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that may apply to a U.S. Holder arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares. In addition, this summary does not take into account the individual facts and circumstances of any particular U.S. Holder that may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder, including specific tax consequences to a U.S. Holder under an applicable tax treaty. Accordingly, this summary is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, legal or U.S. federal income tax advice with respect to any U.S. Holder. This summary does not address the U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, andnon-U.S. tax consequences to U.S. Holders of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares. Except as specifically set forth below, this summary does not discuss applicable tax reporting requirements. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, andnon-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares.

No legal opinion from U.S. legal counsel or ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS"“IRS”) has been requested, or will be obtained, regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS is not precluded from taking a position that is different from, and contrary to, the positions taken in this summary. In addition, because the authorities on which this summary is based are subject to various interpretations, the IRS and the U.S. courts could disagree with one or more of the positions taken in this summary.

144

Scope of this Summary

Authorities

This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"“Code”), Treasury Regulations (whether final, temporary, or proposed), published rulings of the IRS, published administrative positions of the IRS, theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention, and U.S. court decisions that are applicable and, in each case, as in effect and available, as of the date of this document. Any of the authorities on which this summary is based could be changed in a material and adverse manner at any time, and any such change could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis which could affect the U.S. federal income tax considerations described in this summary. This summary does not discuss the potential effects, whether adverse or beneficial, of any proposed legislation that, if enacted, could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis.

U.S. Holders

For purposes of this summary, the term "U.S. Holder"“U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of Common Shares that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

·

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.;

·

a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the U.S., any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

·

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

·

a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

Non-U.S. Holders

For purposes of this summary, a "non-U.S. Holder"“non-U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of Common Shares that is not a U.S. Holder or is a partnership. This summary does not address the U.S. federal income tax consequences tonon-U.S. Holders arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares. Accordingly, anon-U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, andnon-U.S. tax consequences (including the potential application of and operation of any income tax treaties) relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares.

U.S. Holders Subject to Special U.S. Federal Income Tax Rules Not Addressed

This summary does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited to, U.S. Holders that: (a) aretax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, or othertax-deferred accounts; (b) are financial institutions, underwriters, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, or regulated investment companies; (c) are broker-dealers, dealers, or traders in securities or currencies that elect to apply amark-to-market accounting method; (d) have a "functional currency"“functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar; (e) own Common Shares as part of a straddle, hedging transaction, conversion transaction, constructive sale, or other arrangement involving more than one position; (f) acquired Common Shares in connection with the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services; (g) hold Common Shares other than as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment purposes); (h) are required to accelerate the recognition of any item of gross income with respect to Common Shares as a result of such income being recognized on an applicable financial statement; or (h)(i) own or have owned (directly, indirectly, or by attribution) 10% or more of the total combined voting power or value of the outstanding shares of the Company. This summary also does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to U.S. Holders who are: (a) U.S. expatriates or former long-term residents of the U.S.; (b) persons that have been, are, or will be a resident or deemed to be a resident in Canada for purposes of the Tax Act; (c) persons that use or hold, will use or hold, or that are or will be deemed to use or hold Common Shares in connection with carrying on a business in Canada; (d) persons whose Common Shares constitute "taxable“taxable Canadian property"property” under the Tax Act; or (e) persons that have a permanent establishment in Canada for the purposes of theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention. U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited to, U.S. Holders described immediately above, should consult their own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, andnon-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares.

145

If an entity or arrangement that is classified as a partnership (or "pass-through"“pass-through” entity) for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds Common Shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such partnership and the partners (or owners) of such partnership generally will depend on the activities of the partnership and the status of such partners (or owners). This summary does not address the tax consequences to any such partnership or partner (or owner). Partners (or owners) of entities or arrangements that are classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

If the Company were to constitute a "passive“passive foreign investment company"company” under the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code, or a "PFIC"“PFIC”, as defined below, for any year during a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period, then certain different and potentially adverse rules will affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder resulting from the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Common Shares. In addition, in any year in which the Company is classified as a PFIC, such holder will be required to file an annual report with the IRS containing such information as Treasury Regulations or other IRS guidance may require. A failure to satisfy such reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing such information returns under these rules, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8621.8621 annually.

PFIC Status of the Company

The Company generally will be a PFIC if, for a tax year, (a) 75% or more of the gross income of the Company is passive income (the "income test"“income test”), or (b) 50% or more of the value of the Company'sCompany’s assets either produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, based on the quarterly average of the fair market value of such assets (the "asset test"“asset test”). "Gross income"“Gross income” generally includes all sales revenues less the cost of goods sold, plus income from investments and from incidental or outside operations or sources, and "passive income"“passive income” generally includes, for example, dividends, interest, certain rents and royalties, certain gains from the sale of stock and securities, and certain gains from commodities transactions.

Active business gains arising from the sale of commodities generally are excluded from passive income if substantially all (85% or more) of a foreign corporation'scorporation’s commodities are stock in trade of such foreign corporation or other property of a kind which would properly be included in inventory of such foreign corporation, or property held by such foreign corporation primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business and certain other requirements are satisfied.

For purposes of the PFIC income test and asset test described above, if the Company owns, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total value of the outstanding shares of another corporation, the Company will be treated as if it (a) held a proportionate share of the assets of such other corporation and (b) received directly a proportionate share of the income of such other corporation. In addition, for purposes of the PFIC income test and asset test described above, and assuming certain other requirements are met, "passive income"“passive income” does not include certain interest, dividends, rents, or royalties that are received or accrued by the Company from certain "related persons"“related persons” (as defined in Section 954(d)(3) of the Code), to the extent such items are properly allocable to the income of such related person that is not passive income.

In addition, under certain attribution rules, if the Company is a PFIC, U.S. Holders will be deemed to own their proportionate share of the stock of any subsidiary of the Company that is also a PFIC, or a "Subsidiary PFIC"“Subsidiary PFIC”, and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on their proportionate share of, (a) a distribution on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC, and (b) a disposition or deemed disposition of the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC, both as if such U.S. Holders directly held the shares of such Subsidiary PFIC.

The Company believes that it was classified as a PFIC during the tax year ended December 31, 2015,2019, and may be a PFIC in future tax years. No opinion of legal counsel or ruling from the IRS concerning the status of the Company as a PFIC has been obtained or is currently planned to be requested. The determination of whether any corporation was, or will be, a PFIC for a tax year depends, in part, on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules, which are subject to differing interpretations. In addition, whether any corporation will be a PFIC for any tax year depends on the assets and income of such corporation over the course of each such tax year and, as a result, cannot be predicted with certainty as of the date of this document. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge any determination made by the Company (or a Subsidiary PFIC) concerning its PFIC status. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the PFIC status of the Company and any Subsidiary PFIC.

146

Default PFIC Rules Under Section 1291 of the Code

If the Company is a PFIC, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares will depend on whether such U.S. Holder makes an election to treat the Company and each Subsidiary PFIC, if any, as a "qualified“qualified electing fund"fund”, or "QEF"“QEF”, under Section 1295 of the Code, or a "QEF Election"“QEF Election”, or amark-to-market election under Section 1296 of the Code, or a "Mark-to-Market Election"“Mark-to-Market Election”. A U.S. Holder that does not make either a QEF Election or aMark-to-Market Election will be referred to in this summary as a "Non-Electing“Non-Electing U.S. Holder"Holder”.

ANon-Electing U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code with respect to, (a) any gain recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares, and (b) any excess distribution received on our Common Shares. A distribution generally will be an "excess distribution"“excess distribution” to the extent that such distribution (together with all other distributions received in the current tax year) exceeds 125% of the average distributions received during the three preceding tax years (or during a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period for our Common Shares, if shorter).

Under Section 1291 of the Code, any gain recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares (including an indirect disposition of the stock of any Subsidiary PFIC), and any "excess distribution"“excess distribution” received on Common Shares, must be ratably allocated to each day in aNon-Electing U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period for the respective Common Shares. The amount of any such gain or excess distribution allocated to the tax year of disposition or distribution of the excess distribution and to years before the entity became a PFIC, if any, would be taxed as ordinary income. The amounts allocated to any other tax year would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest tax rate applicable to ordinary income in each such year, and an interest charge would be imposed on the tax liability for each such year, calculated as if such tax liability had been due in each such year. ANon-Electing U.S. Holder that is not a corporation must treat any such interest paid as "personal interest"“personal interest”, which is not deductible.

If the Company is a PFIC for any tax year during which aNon-Electing U.S. Holder holds Common Shares, the Company will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to suchNon-Electing U.S. Holder, regardless of whether the Company ceases to be a PFIC in one or more subsequent tax years. ANon-Electing U.S. Holder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above), but not loss, as if such Common Shares were sold on the last day of the last tax year for which the Company was a PFIC.

QEF Election

A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election for the first tax year in which its holding period of its Common Shares begins generally will not be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to its Common Shares. A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s pro rata share of, (a) the net capital gain of the Company, which will be taxed as long-term capital gain to such U.S. Holder, and (b) the ordinary earnings of the Company, which will be taxed as ordinary income to such U.S. Holder. Generally, "net“net capital gain"gain” is the excess of (i) net long-term capital gain over (ii) net short-term capital loss, and "ordinary earnings"“ordinary earnings” are the excess of (i) "earnings“earnings and profits"profits” over (ii) net capital gain. A U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such amounts for each tax year in which the Company is a PFIC, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed to such U.S. Holder by the Company. However, for any tax year in which the Company is a PFIC and has no net income or gain, U.S. Holders that have made a QEF Election would not have any income inclusions as a result of the QEF Election. If a U.S. Holder that made a QEF Election has an income inclusion, such U.S. Holder may, subject to certain limitations, elect to defer payment of current U.S. federal income tax on such amounts, subject to an interest charge. If such U.S. Holder is not a corporation, any such interest paid will be treated as "personal interest"“personal interest”, which is not deductible.

A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election with respect to the Company generally, (a) may receive atax-free distribution from the Company to the extent that such distribution represents "earnings“earnings and profits"profits” of the Company that were previously included in income by the U.S. Holder because of such QEF Election, and (b) will adjust such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s tax basis in our Common Shares to reflect the amount included in income or allowed as atax-free distribution because of such QEF Election. In addition, a U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election generally will recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares.

147

The procedure for making a QEF Election, and the U.S. federal income tax consequences of making a QEF Election, will depend on whether such QEF Election is timely. A QEF Election will be treated as "timely"“timely” if such QEF Election is made for the first year in the U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period for our Common Shares in which the Company was a PFIC. A U.S. Holder may make a timely QEF Election by filing the appropriate QEF Election documents at the time such U.S. Holder files a U.S. federal income tax return for such year. If a U.S. Holder does not make a timely and effective QEF Election for the first year in the U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period for our Common Shares, the U.S. Holder may still be able to make a timely and effective QEF Election in a subsequent year if such U.S. Holder also makes a "purging"“purging” election to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above) as if such Common Shares were sold for their fair market value on the day the QEF Election is effective.

A QEF Election will apply to the tax year for which such QEF Election is timely made and to all subsequent tax years, unless such QEF Election is invalidated or terminated or the IRS consents to revocation of such QEF Election. If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election and, in a subsequent tax year, the Company ceases to be a PFIC, the QEF Election will remain in effect (although it will not be applicable) during those tax years in which the Company is not a PFIC. Accordingly, if the Company becomes a PFIC in another subsequent tax year, the QEF Election will be effective and the U.S. Holder will be subject to the QEF rules described above during any subsequent tax year in which the Company qualifies as a PFIC.

U.S. Holders should be aware that there can be no assurance that the Company will satisfy record keeping requirements that apply to a QEF, or that the Company will supply U.S. Holders with information that such U.S. Holders require to report under the QEF rules, in event that the Company is a PFIC and a U.S. Holder wishes to make a QEF Election. Thus, U.S. Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their Common Shares. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, a QEF Election.

A U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including a PFIC Annual Information Statement, to a timely filed U.S. federal income tax return. However, if the Company does not provide the required information with regard to the Company or any of its Subsidiary PFICs, U.S. Holders will not be able to make a QEF Election for such entity and will continue to be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above that apply toNon-Electing U.S. Holders with respect to the taxation of gains and excess distributions.

Mark-to-Market Election

A U.S. Holder may make aMark-to-Market Election only if the Common Shares are marketable stock. Our Common Shares generally will be "marketable stock"“marketable stock” if our Common Shares are regularly traded on, (a) a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC, (b) the national market system established pursuant to section 11A of the U.S. Exchange Act, or (c) a foreign securities exchange that is regulated or supervised by a governmental authority of the country in which the market is located, provided that, (i) such foreign exchange has trading volume, listing, financial disclosure, and meets other requirements and the laws of the country in which such foreign exchange is located, together with the rules of such foreign exchange, ensure that such requirements are actually enforced, and (ii) the rules of such foreign exchange ensure active trading of listed stocks. If our Common Shares are traded on such a qualified exchange or other market, our Common Shares generally will be "regularly traded"“regularly traded” for any calendar year during which our Common Shares are traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter.

A U.S. Holder that makes aMark-to-Market Election with respect to its Common Shares generally will not be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to such Common Shares. However, if a U.S. Holder does not make aMark-to-Market Election beginning in the first tax year of such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s holding period for our Common Shares or such U.S. Holder has not made a timely QEF Election, the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above will apply to certain dispositions of, and distributions on, our Common Shares.

A U.S. Holder that makes aMark-to-Market Election will include in ordinary income, for each tax year in which the Company is a PFIC, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the fair market value of our Common Shares, as of the close of such tax year over (ii) such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s tax basis in such Common Shares. A U.S. Holder that makes aMark-to-Market Election will be allowed a deduction in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s adjusted tax basis in our Common Shares, over (ii) the fair market value of such Common Shares (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of theMark-to-Market Election for prior tax years).

A U.S. Holder that makes aMark-to-Market Election generally also will adjust such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s tax basis in our Common Shares to reflect the amount included in gross income or allowed as a deduction because of suchMark-to-Market Election. In addition, upon a sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares, a U.S. Holder that makes aMark-to-Market Election will recognize ordinary income or ordinary loss (not to exceed the excess, if any, of (i) the amount included in ordinary income because of suchMark-to-Market Election for prior tax years over (ii) the amount allowed as a deduction because of suchMark-to-Market Election for prior tax years).

148

A U.S. Holder makes aMark-to-Market Election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621 to a timely filed U.S. federal income tax return. AMark-to-Market Election applies to the tax year in which suchMark-to-Market Election is made and to each subsequent tax year, unless our Common Shares cease to be "marketable stock"“marketable stock” or the IRS consents to revocation of such election. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, aMark-to-Market Election.

Although a U.S. Holder may be eligible to make aMark-to-Market Election with respect to our Common Shares, no such election may be made with respect to the stock of any Subsidiary PFIC that a U.S. Holder is treated as owning, because such stock is not marketable. Hence, theMark-to-Market Election will not be effective to eliminate the application of the default rules of Section 1291 of the Code described above with respect to deemed dispositions of Subsidiary PFIC stock or distributions from a Subsidiary PFIC.

Other PFIC Rules

Under Section 1291(f) of the Code, the IRS has issued proposed Treasury Regulations that, subject to certain exceptions, would cause a U.S. Holder that had not made a timely QEF Election to recognize gain (but not loss) upon certain transfers of Common Shares that would otherwise betax-deferred (e.g., gifts and exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations). However, the specific U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder may vary based on the manner in which Common Shares are transferred.

Certain additional adverse rules will apply with respect to a U.S. Holder if the Company is a PFIC, regardless of whether such U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election. For example under Section 1298(b)(6) of the Code, a U.S. Holder that uses Common Shares as security for a loan will, except as may be provided in Treasury Regulations, be treated as having made a taxable disposition of such Common Shares.

Special rules also apply to the amount of foreign tax credit that a U.S. Holder may claim on a distribution from a PFIC. Subject to such special rules, foreign taxes paid with respect to any distribution in respect of stock in a PFIC are generally eligible for the foreign tax credit. The rules relating to distributions by a PFIC and their eligibility for the foreign tax credit are complicated, and a U.S. Holder should consult with their own tax advisor regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit with respect to distributions by a PFIC.

The PFIC rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the PFIC rules and how the PFIC rules may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares.

Ownership and Disposition of Common Shares

The following discussion is subject to the rules described above under the heading "Passive“Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules"Rules”.

Distributions on Common Shares

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, a U.S. Holder that receives a distribution, including a constructive distribution, with respect to our Common Shares will be required to include the amount of such distribution in gross income as a dividend (without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distribution) to the extent of the current or accumulated "earnings“earnings and profits"profits” of the Company, as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A dividend generally will be taxed to a U.S. Holder at ordinary income tax rates if the Company is a PFIC. To the extent that a distribution exceeds the current and accumulated "earnings“earnings and profits"profits” of the Company, such distribution will be treated first as atax-free return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s tax basis in our Common Shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of such Common Shares. See "Sale“Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Shares"Shares” below. However, the Company may not maintain the calculations of earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, and each U.S. Holder should therefore assume that any distribution by the Company with respect to our Common Shares will constitute ordinary dividend income. Dividends received on Common Shares generally will not be eligible for the "dividends“dividends received deduction"deduction”. Subject to applicable limitations and provided the Company is eligible for the benefits of theCanada-U.S. Tax Convention or the Common Shares are readily tradable on a United States securities market, dividends paid by the Company tonon-corporate U.S. Holders generally will be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains for dividends, provided certain holding period and other conditions are satisfied, including that the Company not be classified as a PFIC in the tax year of distribution or in the preceding tax year. The dividend rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the application of such rules.

149

Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Shares

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, upon the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received and such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s tax basis in such Common Shares sold or otherwise disposed of. Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, gain or loss recognized on such sale or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, our Common Shares have been held for more than one year.

Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate, or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation. Deductions for capital losses are subject to significant limitations under the Code.

Additional Considerations

Additional Tax on Passive Income
 Certain U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts (other than trusts that are exempt from tax) will be subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their "net investment income", which includes dividends on the Common Shares and net gains from the disposition of the Common Shares.  Further, excess distributions treated as dividends, gains treated as excess distributions under the PFIC rules discussed above, and mark-to-market inclusions and deductions are all included in the calculation of net investment income.
Treasury Regulations provide, subject to the election described in the following paragraph, that solely for purposes of this additional tax, that distributions of previously taxed income will be treated as dividends and included in net investment income subject to the additional 3.8% tax.  Additionally, to determine the amount of any capital gain from the sale or other taxable disposition of Common Shares that will be subject to the additional tax on net investment income, a U.S. Holder who has made a QEF Election will be required to recalculate its basis in the Common Shares excluding QEF basis adjustments.
Alternatively, a U.S. Holder may make an election which will be effective with respect to all interests in a PFIC for which a QEF Election has been made and which is held in that year or acquired in future years.  Under this election, a U.S. Holder pays the additional 3.8% tax on QEF income inclusions and on gains calculated after giving effect to related tax basis adjustments.  U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts should consult their own tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to any of their income or gains in respect of the Common Shares.

Receipt of Foreign Currency

The amount of any distribution paid to a U.S. Holder in foreign currency, or on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of Common Shares, generally will be equal to the U.S. dollar value of such foreign currency based on the exchange rate applicable on the date of receipt (regardless of whether such foreign currency is converted into U.S. dollars at that time). A U.S. Holder will have a basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any U.S. Holder who converts or otherwise disposes of the foreign currency after the date of receipt may have a foreign currency exchange gain or loss that would be treated as ordinary income or loss, and generally will be U.S. source income or loss for foreign tax credit purposes. Different rules apply to U.S. Holders who use the accrual method. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of receiving, owning, and disposing of foreign currency.

Foreign Tax Credit

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed above, a U.S. Holder that pays (whether directly or through withholding) Canadian income tax with respect to dividends paid on our Common Shares generally will be entitled, at the election of such U.S. Holder, to receive either a deduction or a credit for such Canadian income tax paid. Generally, a credit will reduce a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s U.S. federal income tax liability on adollar-for-dollar basis, whereas a deduction will reduce a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s income subject to U.S. federal income tax. This election is made on ayear-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid (whether directly or through withholding) by a U.S. Holder during a year.

150

Complex limitations apply to the foreign tax credit, including the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability that such U.S. Holder's "foreign source" taxable income bears to such U.S. Holder's worldwide taxable income.  In applying this limitation, a U.S. Holder's various items of income and deduction must be classified, under complex rules, as either "foreign source" or "U.S. source".  Generally, dividends paid by a foreign corporation should be treated as foreign source for this purpose, and gains recognized on the sale of stock of a foreign corporation by a U.S. Holder should be treated as U.S. source for this purpose, except as otherwise provided in an applicable income tax treaty, and if an election is properly made under the Code.  However, the amount of a distribution with respect to our Common Shares that is treated as a "dividend" may be lower for U.S. federal income tax purposes than it is for Canadian federal income tax purposes, resulting in a reduced foreign tax credit allowance to a U.S. Holder.  In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific categories of income. The foreign tax credit rules are complex and eachinvolve the application of rules that depend on a U.S. Holder’s particular circumstances. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisor regarding the foreign tax credit rules.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

Under U.S. federal income tax law and Treasury Regulations, certain categories of U.S. Holders must file information returns with respect to their investment in, or involvement in, a foreign corporation. For example, U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties) are imposed on individuals who are U.S. Holders that hold certain specified foreign financial assets in excess of certain threshold amounts. The definition of specified foreign financial assets includes not only financial accounts maintained in foreign financial institutions, but also, unless held in accounts maintained by a financial institution, any stock or security issued by anon-U.S. person, any financial instrument or contract held for investment that has an issuer or counterparty other than a U.S. person and any interest in a foreign entity. U.S. Holders may be subject to these reporting requirements unless their Common Shares are held in an account at certain financial institutions. Penalties for failure to file certain of these information returns are substantial. U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing information returns, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8938.

Payments made within the U.S. or by a U.S. payor or U.S. middleman, of dividends on, and proceeds arising from the sale or other taxable disposition of, Common Shares will generally be subject to information reporting and backup withholding tax, at the rate of 28%24%, if a U.S. Holder, (a) fails to furnish such U.S. Holder'sHolder’s correct U.S. taxpayer identification number (generally on IRS FormW-9), (b) furnishes an incorrect U.S. taxpayer identification number, (c) is notified by the IRS that such U.S. Holder has previously failed to properly report items subject to backup withholding tax, or (d) fails to certify, under penalty of perjury, that such U.S. Holder has furnished its correct U.S. taxpayer identification number and that the IRS has not notified such U.S. Holder that it is subject to backup withholding tax. However, certain exempt persons generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding rules. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. Holder'sHolder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, or will be refunded, if such U.S. Holder furnishes required information to the IRS in a timely manner.

The discussion of reporting requirements set forth above is not intended to constitute a complete description of all reporting requirements that may apply to a U.S. Holder. A failure to satisfy certain reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax, and under certain circumstances, such an extension may apply to assessments of amounts unrelated to any unsatisfied reporting requirement. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the information reporting and backup withholding rules.

F.

Dividends and Paying Agents

Not Applicable.

G.

Statement by Experts

Not Applicable.

151

H.

Documents on Display

We are subject to the informational requirements of the U.S. Exchange Act and file reports and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any of our reports and other information at, and obtain copies upon payment of prescribed fees from, the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. In addition, the SEC maintains a Website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at1-800-SEC-0330.

We are required to file reports and other information with the securities commissions in Canada. You are invited to read and copy any reports, statements or other information, other than confidential filings, that we file with the provincial securities commissions. These filings are also electronically available from the Canadian System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval ("SEDAR"(“SEDAR”) (www.sedar.com), the Canadian equivalent of the SEC'sSEC’s electronic document gathering and retrieval system.

We "incorporate“incorporate by reference"reference” information that we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this Annual Report and more recent information supersedes more dated information contained or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report.

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the U.S. Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders.

We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this Annual Report has been delivered, on the written or oral request of such person, a copy of any or all documents referred to above which have been or may be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report (not including exhibits to such incorporated information that are not specifically incorporated by reference into such information). Requests for such copies should be directed to us at the following address: Suite 12011650 - 1166 Alberni1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 3Z3.3X1. The Company is required to file financial statements and other information with the Securities Commission in each of the Provinces of Canada, except Quebec, electronically through SEDAR which can be viewed at www.sedar.com.

I.

Subsidiary Information

Not Applicable.

Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Item 11.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Credit risk

Credit

The Company’s credit risk is the risk that one partyprimarily attributable to a financial instrument will fail to discharge an obligation and cause the other party to incur a financial loss. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. receivables.

The Company deposits the majority oflimits its credit exposure on cash and cash equivalents held in bank accounts by holding its key transactional bank accounts with highlarge, highly rated financial institutions.

The Company’s receivables balance was not significant and, therefore, was not exposed to significant credit quality financial institutions in Canada, Australia and the United States and holds limited balances in banks in Mongolia, Peru, China and Barbados as required to meet current expenditures. risk.

The carrying amount of financial assets recorded in the consolidated financial statements, net of any allowances for losses, represents the Company'sCompany’s maximum exposure to credit risk.

Liquidity risk

The carrying amountCompany manages liquidity risk by trying to maintain enough cash balances to ensure that it is able to meet its short term and long-term obligations as and when they fall due. Company-wide cash projections are managed centrally and regularly updated to reflect the dynamic nature of accounts receivable, accounts payablethe business and accrued liabilitiesfluctuations caused by commodity price and exchange rate movements.

The Company’s operating results may vary due to fluctuation in commodity price, inflation, foreign exchange rates and certain share prices.

Interest rate risk

The Company’s interest rate risk arises primarily from related parties approximates fair value duethe interest received on cash and cash equivalents and on loan payable which is at variable rates. As at December 31, 2019, with other variables unchanged, a 1% increase in the interest rate applicable to the short termloan payable would result in an insignificant change in net loss. Deposits are invested on a short-term basis to enable adequate liquidity for payment of these financial instruments.

operational and exploration expenditures. The Company operates in a numberdoes not believe that it is exposed to material interest rate risk on its cash and cash equivalents.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has not entered into any contracts to manage interest rate risk.

Foreign exchange risk

The functional currency of countries, including Canada,the parent company is C$. The functional currency of the significant subsidiaries and the reporting currency of the Company is the United States Mongolia and Australia, and itdollar.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has not entered into contracts to manage foreign exchange risk.

The Company is therefore exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from transactions denominated in a foreign currency.

The Company's cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are held in several currencies (mainly Canadian Dollars, U.S. Dollars and Australian Dollars). Such foreign currency balances are subject to fluctuation against the Canadian Dollar and the U.S. Dollar, being the Company's reporting currency.
The Company was exposed to foreign exchange gains and losses onthrough the following balances, asassets and liabilities:

   
   

          December 31, 2019

 

  

          December 31, 2018

 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents

           $5,380            $6,154 
 

Investments

  -   912 
 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

 

  

 

(72

 

 

  

 

(346

 

 

   
            $

 

5,308

 

 

 

           $

 

6,720

 

 

 

As at December 31, 2015 and 2014:

152

                
                
2015 
(in thousands) 
  
US
Dollars
  
Australian
Dollars
  
Peruvian
Nuevo Sol
  
Chinese
Yuan
  
Mongolian
Tugriks
 
Cash and cash equivalents  20,265   358   -   27   27,070 
Other  268   9   -   -   37,319 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  (40)  (101)  -   -   162 
Net balance  20,493   266   -   27   64,550 
Equivalent in Canadian Dollars  28,362   268   -   6   45 
Rate to convert to C$  1.3840   1.0083   0.4056   0.2131   0.0006953 
                     
                     
                     
                     
2014
(in thousands)
  
US
Dollars
  
Australian
Dollars
  
Peruvian
Nuevo Sol
  
Chinese
Yuan
  
Mongolian
Tugriks
 
Cash and cash equivalents  31,052   1,084   (97)  28   87,976 
Other  312   13   -   -   43,624 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  (1,556)  (95)  -   -   (122)
Net balance  29,808   1,002   (97)  28   131,478 
Equivalent in Canadian Dollars  34,580   950   (38)  5   81 
Rate to convert to C$  1.1601   0.9479   0.3898   0.1869   0.0006144 
Based on the above net exposures as at December 31, 2015, and assuming that all2019, with other variables remain constant,unchanged, a 10% depreciationincrease or appreciationdecrease in the value of the U.S. dollarUSD against the Canadian dollarcurrencies to which the Company is normally exposed (C$) would result in an increase/decrease of $2,049,288  (2014 - $2,980,794) in the Company's net loss.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. The Company's interest rate risk mainly arises from the interest rate impact on the cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents earn interest based on current market interest rates, which at December 31, 2015 ranged between 0.05% and 1.35%.
Based on the amount of cash and cash equivalents invested at December 31, 2015, and assuming that all other variables remain constant, a 10%insignificant change in the applicable interest rate would result in an increase/decrease of $9.900 in the interest earned by the Company per annum.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company manages its liquidity risk by forecasting cash flows required by operations and anticipated investing and financing activities. The Company had cash at December 31, 2015 in the amount of approximately $23 million in order to meet short-term business requirements. At December 31, 2015, the Company had current liabilities of $1 million which are due on demand or within 30 days.
net loss.

Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
Item 12.

Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities

A. – C.

Not Applicable.

153

D.American Depository Receipts

D.

American Depository Receipts

The Company does not have securities registered as American Depository Receipts.

PART II.

Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
Item 13.

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

None.

Item 14.

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

Item 14.A.-D. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

A.-D.

None.

E.Use of Proceeds

E.

Use of Proceeds

Not Applicable.

Item 15. Controls and Procedures
Item 15.

Controls and Procedures

A.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company'sCompany’s Audit Committee and management, including the Company'sCompany’s CEO and the Company'sCompany’s CFO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company'sCompany’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules13a-15(b) and15d-15(b) of the U.S. Exchange Act as of December 31, 2015.2019. Based on their evaluation, the Company'sCompany’s CEO and CFO have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to give reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the U.S. Exchange Act is, (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC'sSEC’s rules and forms, and (b) accumulated and communicated to management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

B.Management's

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company'sCompany’s management, including the Company'sCompany’s CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule13a-15(f) under the U.S. Exchange Act. The Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.IFRS. The Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that: pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and disposition of assets; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAPIFRS and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorization of management and directors of the Company; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Because of their inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Furthermore, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Company'sCompany’s management (with the participation of the CEO and the CFO) conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015.2019. This evaluation was based on the criteria set forth in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its assessment, management has concluded that the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as at December 31, 2015,2019, and management'smanagement’s assessment did not identify any material weaknesses.

154

C.

Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management'sManagement’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, which permits the companyCompany to provide only management'smanagement’s report in this Annual Report. The Dodd-Frank Act permits a "non-accelerated filer"“non-accelerated filer” to provide only management'smanagement’s report on internal control over financial reporting in an Annual Report and omit an attestation report of the issuer'sissuer’s registered public accounting firm regarding management'smanagement’s report on internal control over financial reporting.

D.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Based upon their evaluation of our controls, our CEO and CFO have concluded that there were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting or in other factors during our last fiscal year that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 16. [Reserved]
Item 16.

[Reserved]

Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
Item 16A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

The Company'sCompany’s Board has determined that Gorden GlennAnna Stylianides qualifies as a financial expert (as defined in Item 407(d)(5) of RegulationS-K under the U.S. Exchange Act), is financially sophisticated (as determined in accordance with Section 803B(2)(iii) of the NYSE MKT Company Guide), and is independent (as determined under U.S. Exchange Act Rule10A-3 and section 803A of the NYSE MKTAmerican Company Guide).

Item 16B. Code of Ethics

Item 16B.

Code of Ethics

The Company is committed to the highest standards of legal and ethical business conduct. The Company has the Code of Ethics, which applies to all of its directors, officers, employees and employees,consultants, including the CEO and CFO. This Code of Ethics summarizes the legal, ethical and regulatory standards that the Company must follow and serves as a reminder to the directors, officers, employees and employeesconsultants of the seriousness of that commitment. Compliance with this Code of Ethics and high standards of business conduct is mandatory for every director, officer, employee and employeeconsultant of the Company. The Code of Ethics meets the requirements for a "code“code of ethics"ethics” within the meaning of that term in Form20-F.

A copy of the Code of Ethics in full text is available on the Company'sCompany’s website at www.entreegold.comwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com and in print to any shareholder who requests it. All required substantive amendments to the Code of Ethics, and all waivers of the Code of Ethics with respect to any of the officers covered by it, will be posted on the Company'sCompany’s website at www.entreegold.comwww.EntreeResourcesLtd.com within five business days of the amendment or waiver,, and provided in print to any shareholder who requests them.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015,2019, the Company did not substantively amend, waive or implicitly waive any provision of the Code of Ethics with respect to any of the directors, officers or employees subject to it.

Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Item 16C.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The following table shows the aggregate fees billed to the Company by Davidson & Company LLP and its affiliates, Chartered Professional Accountants, the Company'sCompany’s independent registered public auditing firm, in each of the last two years.

  2015 (US$)  2014 (US$) 
Audit Fees(1)
 $36,127  $51,720 
Audit Related Fees(2)
 $11,778  $19,393 
Tax Fees(3)
 $Nil  $Nil 
All other fees(4)
 $10,838  $Nil 
Total: $58,743  $71,113 

              2019 (US$)                       2018 (US$)           

Audit Fees(1)

 

    

 

$45,591    

 

 

    

 

$35,889    

 

 

Audit Related Fees(2)

    $Nil        $Nil    

Tax Fees(3)

    $5,004        $Nil    

All other fees

 

    

 

$Nil    

 

 

    

 

$Nil    

 

 

Total:

    $50,595        $35,889    

(1)

Audits of the Company'sCompany’s consolidated financial statements, meetings with the Audit Committee and management with respect to annual filings, consulting and accounting standards and transactions, issuance of consent in connection with Canadian and United States securities filings.


(2)

Audit-related fees paid for assurance and related services by the auditors that were reasonably related to the performance of the audit or the review of the Company'sCompany’s quarterly financial statements that are not included inAudit Fees.

155

(3)

Tax compliance, taxation advice and tax planning for international operations.

(4)Surplus calculations for Entrée LLC for the years 2003 to 2014.

Pre-Approval of Audit andNon-Audit Services Provided by Independent Auditors

The Audit Committeepre-approves all audit andnon-audit services to be provided to the Company by its independent auditors and none were approved on the basis of the de minimus exemption set forth in Rule2-01(c)(7)(i)(C) of RegulationS-X during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.  2019.Non-audit services that are prohibited to be provided to the Company by its independent auditors may not bepre-approved. In addition, prior to the granting of anypre-approval, the Audit Committee must be satisfied that the performance of the services in question will not compromise the independence of the independent auditors. Non-auditNo materialnon-audit services pre-approved by the Audit Committee andwere performed by the Company'sCompany’s auditor during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 comprised surplus calculations for one of the Company's Mongolian subsidiaries.2019.

Item 16D.

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

None.

Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Item 16E.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Item 16F.

Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

None.

Item 16F. Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant
None.
Item 16G. Corporate Governance
The Company's Common Shares are listed on the NYSE MKT. Section 110 of the NYSE MKT Company Guide permits the NYSE MKT to consider the laws, customs and practices of foreign issuers in relaxing certain NYSE MKT listing criteria, and to grant exemptions from NYSE MKT listing criteria based on these considerations.
In addition, the Company may from time-to-time seek relief from NYSE MKT corporate governance requirements on specific transactions under Section 110 of the NYSE MKT Company Guide by providing written certification from independent local counsel that the non-complying practice is not prohibited by our home country law, in which case, the Company shall make the disclosure of such transactions available on its website at www.entreegold.com and/or in its Annual Report.  Information contained on the Company's website is not part of this Annual Report.
A description of the significant ways in which the Company's governance practices differ from those followed by domestic companies pursuant to NYSE MKT standards is as follows:
Shareholder Meeting Quorum Requirement:  The NYSE MKT minimum quorum requirement for a shareholder meeting is one-third of the outstanding shares of common stock.  In addition, a company listed on the NYSE MKT is required to state its quorum requirement in its bylaws.  The Company's quorum requirement is set forth in its Articles.  A quorum for a meeting of shareholders of the Company is two persons who are, or who represent by proxy, shareholders who, in the aggregate, hold at least 5% of the shares entitled to be voted at the meeting.
Proxy Delivery Requirement:  The NYSE MKT requires the solicitation of proxies and delivery of proxy statements for all shareholder meetings, and requires that these proxies shall be solicited pursuant to a proxy statement that conforms to SEC proxy rules. The Company is a "foreign private issuer" as defined in Rule 3b-4 under the U.S. Exchange Act, and the equity securities of the Company are accordingly exempt from the proxy rules set forth in Sections 14(a), 14(b), 14(c) and 14(f) of the U.S. Exchange Act.  The Company solicits proxies in accordance with applicable rules and regulations in Canada.
Shareholder Approval of Certain Transactions:  The NYSE MKT Company Guide requires shareholder approval in connection with the establishment of an equity compensation arrangement pursuant to which options or stock may be acquired by officers, directors, employees, or consultants of a company.  The Company will follow the shareholder approval requirements of the TSX in connection with the establishment of equity compensation arrangements pursuant to which its officers, directors, employees, or consultants may acquire options or Common Shares.
156

Compensation Committee Requirements:  The NYSE MKT Company Guide requires that additional independence criteria be applied to each member of the Compensation Committee.  The NYSE MKT Company Guide also mandates that the Compensation Committee must have the authority to hire compensation consultants, independent legal counsel and other compensation advisors and exercise the sole responsibility to oversee the work of any compensation advisors retained to advise the Compensation Committee.  In addition, before engaging a compensation advisor, the Compensation Committee must consider at least six factors that could potentially impact compensation advisor independence.  The Company follows CSA and TSX requirements for Compensation Committee charters, independence and authority.  The Compensation Committee's Charter includes a requirement that each member of the Compensation Committee be independent and that the Compensation Committee have the authority to retain outside advisors and determine the extent of funding necessary for payment of consultants.
The foregoing are consistent with the laws, customs and practices in Canada.
Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure.

Item 16G.

Corporate Governance

Not applicable.

Item 16H.

Mine Safety Disclosure.

Pursuant to Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, issuers that are operators, or that have a subsidiary that is an operator, of a coal or other mine in the United States are required to disclose in their periodic reports filed with the SEC information regarding specified health and safety violations, orders and citations, related assessments and legal actions, and mining-related fatalities with respect to mining operations and properties in the United States that are subject to regulation by the Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration ("MSHA"(“MSHA”) under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the "Mine Act"“Mine Act”). During the year ended December 31, 2015,2019, the Company had no mines in the United States that were subject to regulation by the MSHA under the Mine Act.

PART III.

Item 17. Financial Statements
Item 17.

Financial Statements

See "Item“Item 18 – Financial Statements"Statements”.

Item 18. Financial Statements
Item 18.

Financial Statements

The Company'sCompany’s financial statements are stated in U.S. Dollars and are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

IFRS.

The following financial statements pertaining to the Company are filed as part of this Annual Report:

·

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Report on Consolidated Financial Statements;Auditors’ Report;

·Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014;
·

Consolidated Statements of OperationsFinancial Position as at December 31, 2019 and 2018;

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2015, 20142019, 2018 and 2013;2017;

·

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity, including Balances as ofChanges in Shareholders’ Deficiency for the years ended December 31, 2012, December 31, 2013, December 31, 20142019, 2018 and December 31, 2015;2017;

·

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 20142019, 2018 and 2013; and2017;

·

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the yearsyear ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.2019.


157







ENTRÉE GOLD INC.

LOGO

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in United States dollars)

December 31, 20152019

158






LOGO

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Directors of

Entrée Gold Inc.



Resources Ltd.

Opinion on theConsolidatedFinancial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial statementsposition of Entrée Gold Inc.Resources Ltd. (the "Company"“Company”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheets of Entrée Gold Inc. as of December 31, 20152019 and 2014,2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity,changes in shareholders’ deficiency, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 20142019, 2018, and 2013. 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company'sCompany’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on thesethe Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits.


We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. Anmisstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit includesof its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatements of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supportingregarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An auditOur audits also includes assessingincluded evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statement presentation.statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


In our opinion,

We have served as the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Entrée Gold Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.



"Company’s auditor since 1997.

DAVIDSON & COMPANY LLP"



LLP”

Vancouver, Canada

Chartered Professional Accountants
March 30, 2016

March 13, 2020

LOGO




159


ENTRÉE GOLD INC.      
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS      
(Expressed in United States dollars)      
       
  December 31,  December 31, 
  2015  2014 
       
ASSETS      
       
Current      
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 3) $22,785,658  $33,517,096 
Receivables  97,783   133,729 
Prepaid expenses  311,072   856,358 
         
Total current assets  23,194,513   34,507,183 
         
Equipment (Note 5)  109,184   177,566 
Mineral property interests (Note 6)  37,714,492   44,419,538 
Reclamation deposits  478,925   474,959 
Other assets  165,371   111,252 
         
         
         
Total assets $61,662,485  $79,690,498 
         
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY        
         
Current        
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $1,350,261  $1,903,472 
         
Loans payable to Oyu Tolgoi LLC (Note 7)  6,823,726   6,355,408 
Deferred revenue (Note 8)  28,924,857   34,507,372 
Deferred income tax liabilities (Note 11)  3,567,297   3,407,124 
         
Total liabilities  40,666,141   46,173,376 
         
Stockholders' equity        
Common stock, no par value, unlimited number authorized, (Note 9)  177,206,360   177,138,693 
147,330,917 (December 31, 2014 - 146,984,385) issued and outstanding        
Additional paid-in capital  20,517,394   20,346,551 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 14)  (7,778,347)  (2,850,122)
Accumulated deficit  (168,949,063)  (161,118,000)
         
Total stockholders' equity  20,996,344   33,517,122 
         
         
         
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $61,662,485  $79,690,498 
Nature

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

As at December 31, 2019 and continuance2018

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except where indicated)

      Note    

 

        December 31,
2019

  

 

        December 31,
2018

 
  

Assets

       
  

Current assets

       
  

Cash and cash equivalents

                  $     5,380               $     6,154 
  

Receivables and prepaid expenses

      122   68 
  

Prepaid licence fees

      158   - 
  

Investments

 

  6

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

912

 

 

 

      5,660   7,134 
  

Non-current assets

       
  

Property and equipment

  7, 10   316   87 
  

Other assets

  8   114   199 
  

Deposits and other

 

      

 

12

 

 

 

  

 

12

 

 

 

    
       

 

442

 

 

 

  

 

298

 

 

 

  

Total assets

 

      

 

            $     6,102

 

 

 

  

 

            $     7,432

 

 

 

  

Liabilities

       
  

Current liabilities

       
  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  21               $          72               $        346 
  

Current portion of lease liabilities

 

  10

 

   

 

103

 

 

 

  

 

-

 

 

 

      175   346 
  

Non-current liabilities

       
  

Lease liabilities

  10   201   - 
  

Othernon-current liabilities

      -   44 
  

Loan payable to Oyu Tolgoi LLC

  11   9,035   8,380 
  

Deferred revenue

 

  12

 

   

 

43,671

 

 

 

  

 

38,411

 

 

 

  
      

 

 

52,907

 

 

 

 

 

  46,835 
    

Total liabilities

 

      

 

53,082

 

 

 

  

 

47,181

 

 

 

  

Shareholders’ deficiency

       
  

Share capital

  13   173,095   172,955 
  

Reserves

      22,445   22,199 
  

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income

      (407  1,688 
  

Deficit

 

      

 

(242,113

 

 

  

 

(236,591

 

 

    

Total shareholders’ deficiency

 

      

 

(46,980

 

 

  

 

(39,749

 

 

  

Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficiency

 

      

 

            $     6,102

 

 

 

  

 

            $     7,432

 

 

 

Nature of operations(Note (Note 1)

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 16)

Subsequent eventscontingencies (Note 18)
20)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

160

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.         
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 
(Expressed in United States dollars)         
          
          
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
          
EXPENSES         
Exploration (Note 6) $5,160,910  $9,054,887  $6,102,992 
General and administration  4,730,904   4,151,910   6,638,262 
Consultancy and advisory fees  125,000   830,623   1,941,130 
Impairment of mineral property interests (Note 6)  -   552,095   437,732 
Depreciation  42,528   65,517   102,941 
Gain on sale of mineral property interests  -   (28,096)  (451,892)
Foreign exchange gain  (2,919,459)  (1,978,854)  (1,113,728)
Loss from operations  (7,139,883)  (12,648,082)  (13,657,437)
Interest income (expense)  (412,077)  30,154   171,143 
Loss from equity investee (Note 4)  (118,712)  (107,907)  (146,051)
Fair value adjustment of asset backed commercial paper  -   -   147,564 
Loss before income taxes  (7,670,672)  (12,725,835)  (13,484,781)
Current income tax recovery (expense) (Note 11)  (218)  123,255   (319,112)
Deferred income tax recovery (expense) (Note 11)  (160,173)   3,933,392   2,381,868 
Net loss $(7,831,063) $(8,669,188) $(11,422,025)
             
Comprehensive loss:            
Net loss $(7,831,063) $(8,669,188) $(11,422,025)
Foreign currency translation adjustment (Note 14)  (4,928,225)  (3,315,737)  (2,787,404)
Comprehensive loss: $(12,759,288) $(11,984,925) $(14,209,429)
             
Basic and diluted net loss per share $(0.05) $(0.06) $(0.08)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding  147,036,578   146,883,700   143,847,888 

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except where indicated)

     
      Note                      2019                  2018                  2017 
   

Expenses

        
   

Exploration

  15    $173    $175    $332 
   

General and administrative

     1,490   1,145   1,656 
   

Share-based compensation

  13   340   506   678 
   

Depreciation

  7   105   22   20 
   

Other

      -   (13  192 
   

Operating loss

 

      

 

2,108

 

 

 

  

 

1,835

 

 

 

  

 

2,878

 

 

 

   

Gain on sale of investments

  6   (123  -   - 
   

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

     (195  287   (380
   

Interest income

     (137  (111  (116
   

Interest expense

  11   319   307   287 
   

Loss from equity investee

  8   273   175   215 
   

Finance costs

     29   -   - 
   

Deferred revenue finance costs

  12   3,250   2,985   - 
   

Gain on sale of mining property interest

  9   -   (353  - 
   

Unrealized loss on investments

  6   -   73   - 
   

Loss on the Arrangement

 

  5

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

33,627

 

 

 

   

Loss before income taxes

     5,524   5,198   36,511 
   

Income tax recovery

 

  16

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

(72

 

 

     

Net loss from continuing operations

 

      

 

5,524

 

 

 

  

 

5,198

 

 

 

  

 

36,439

 

 

 

   

Discontinued operations

        
   

Net loss from discontinued operations

 

  5

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

-

 

 

 

  

 

176

 

 

 

     

Net loss for the year

 

      

 

5,524

 

 

 

  

 

5,198

 

 

 

  

 

36,615

 

 

 

   

Other comprehensive loss (income)

        
   

Foreign currency translation

 

     

 

2,095

 

 

 

  

 

(3,372

 

 

  

 

1,684

 

 

 

     

Total comprehensive loss

 

       $

 

7,619

 

 

 

   $

 

1,826

 

 

 

   $

 

38,299

 

 

 

   

Net loss per common share

        
   

Basic and fully diluted – continuing operations

      $(0.03   $(0.03   $(0.21
   

Basic and fully diluted – discontinued operations

      $(0.00   $(0.00   $(0.00
   

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

        
   

Basic and fully diluted (000’s)

 

     

 

        174,907

 

 

 

  

 

        174,344

 

 

 

  

 

        172,259

 

 

 

     

Total common shares issued and outstanding (000’s)

 

  13

 

   

 

175,470

 

 

 

  

 

174,807

 

 

 

  

 

173,573

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

161

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.                  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY             
(Expressed in United States dollars)                  
                   
                   
                   
  
Number of
Shares
  
Common
Stock
  
Additional
Paid-in Capital
  
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  
Accumulated
Deficit
  
Total
Stockholders' Equity
 
Balance, December 31, 2012  128,877,243  $167,428,814  $18,672,864  $3,253,019  $(141,026,787) $48,327,910 
Shares issued:                        
Private placement  17,857,142   9,722,897   -   -   -   9,722,897 
Stock-based compensation  -   -   1,422,297   -   -   1,422,297 
Share issuance costs  -   (86,636)  -   -   -   (86,636)
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   -   -   (2,787,404)  -   (2,787,404)
Net loss  -   -   -   -   (11,422,025)  (11,422,025)
Balance, December 31, 2013  146,734,385  $177,065,075  $20,095,161  $465,615  $(152,448,812) $45,177,039 
Shares issued:                        
Mineral property interests  250,000   73,618   -   -   -   73,618 
Stock-based compensation  -   -   251,390   -   -   251,390 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   -   -   (3,315,737)  -   (3,315,737)
Net loss  -   -   -   -   (8,669,188)  (8,669,188)
Balance, December 31, 2014  146,984,385  $177,138,693  $20,346,551  $(2,850,122) $(161,118,000) $33,517,122 
Shares issued:                        
Exercise of stock options  346,532   67,667   (26,532)  -   -   41,135 
Stock-based compensation  -   -   197,375   -   -   197,375 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   -   -   (4,928,225)  -   (4,928,225)
Net loss  -   -   -   -   (7,831,063)  (7,831,063)
Balance, December 31, 2015  147,330,917  $177,206,360  $20,517,394  $(7,778,347) $(168,949,063) $20,996,344 
The accompanying notes are an integral part

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of these consolidated financial statements

162

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.         
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS         
(Expressed in United States dollars)         
          
          
          
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
          
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES         
Net loss $(7,831,063) $(8,669,188) $(11,422,025)
Items not affecting cash:            
Depreciation  42,528   65,517   102,941 
Stock-based compensation  197,375   251,390   1,422,297 
Loss from equity investee  118,712   107,907   146,051 
Interest expense  279,405   264,869   260,453 
Deferred income tax expense (recovery)  160,173   (3,933,392)  (2,381,868)
Gain on sale of mineral property interests  -   (28,096)  (451,892)
Impairment of mineral property interests  -   552,095   437,732 
Unrealized foreign exchange gain  (2,988,185)  (1,966,349)  (919,289)
Other items not affecting cash  11,992   38,075   44,202 
Changes in assets and liabilities:            
Receivables  15,457   55,362   6,109 
Prepaid expenses  439,319   (176,164)  (22,569)
Other assets  (2,291)  35,451   (3,592)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  (264,914)  784,886   760,600 
Deposit on metal credit delivering obligation  -   -   40,000,000 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  (9,821,492)  (12,617,637)  27,979,150 
             
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES            
Proceeds from issuance of capital stock  41,135   -   9,722,897 
Share issue costs  -   -   (86,636)
Net cash provided by financing activities  41,135   -   9,636,261 
             
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES            
Mineral property interests  (500,000)  (100,000)  (50,000)
Reclamation deposits  (3,628)  17,249   115,180 
Acquisition of equipment  (12,445)  (13,074)  (7,623)
Proceeds from sale of royalty interest  -   -   5,000,000 
Proceeds from sale of mineral property interests  -   28,096   451,892 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities  (516,073)  (67,729)  5,509,449 
             
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash and            
cash equivalents  (435,008)  (498,754)  (679,152)
             
Change in cash and cash equivalents            
during the year  (10,731,438)  (13,184,120)  42,445,708 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year  33,517,096   46,701,216   4,255,508 
             
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $22,785,658  $33,517,096  $46,701,216 
             
Cash paid for interest during the year $-  $-  $- 
             
Cash paid for income taxes during the year $-  $-  $- 
Supplemental disclosure with respect to cash flows (Note 15)
Changes in Shareholders’ Deficiency

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except where indicated)

         
    Note   

Number
of Shares

(000’s)

   

Share  

capital  

   Reserves   Accumulated
other
comprehensive
(loss) income
   Subscriptions
received in
advance
   Deficit   Total 
    

Balance at December 31, 2018

 

      

 

174,807

 

 

 

  $

 

    172,955

 

 

 

  $

 

 22,199

 

 

 

  $

 

1,688

 

 

 

  $

 

-

 

 

 

  $

 

 (236,591)

 

 

 

  $

 

    (39,749)

 

 

 

         

Adjustment on initial application of IFRS 16

 

   

 

4(o)

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

2

 

 

 

   

 

2

 

 

 

    

Net loss and comprehensive loss

      -    -    -    (2,095)    -    (5,524)    (7,619) 
    

Share-based compensation

      -    -    340    -    -    -    340 
    

Issuance of share capital – share options

 

      

 

663

 

 

 

   

 

140

 

 

 

   

 

(94)

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

-

 

 

 

   

 

46

 

 

 

         

Balance at December 31, 2019

 

        175,470   $173,095   $22,445   $(407)   $-   $ (242,113)   $ (46,980) 
 
                
         

Balance at December 31, 2017

 

        173,573   $172,308   $22,175   $(1,684)   $-   $(217,288)   $(24,489) 
       

Net loss and comprehensive income

      -    -    -    3,372    -    (5,198)    (1,826) 
       

IFRS adjustments

   4(o)    -    -    -    -    -    (14,105)    (14,105) 
       

Share-based compensation

      -    -    506    -    -    -    506 
       

Issuance of share capital – share options

      1,234    647    (482)    -    -    -    165 
         

Balance at December 31, 2018

 

        174,807   $172,955   $22,199   $1,688   $-   $(236,591)   $(39,749) 
 
                
         

Balance at December 31, 2016

 

        153,045   $178,740   $20,863   $-   $559   $(180,673)   $19,489 
       

Net loss and comprehensive loss

      -    -    -    (2,481)    -    (36,615)    (39,096) 
       

Share-based compensation

      -    -    632    -    -    -    632 
       

Transfer of net assets to Mason Resources

   5    -    (11,595)    -    797    -    -    (10,798) 
       

Issuance of share capital – inducement bonus shares

      100    37    -    -    -    -    37 
       

Issuance of share capital – private placement

      18,529    4,478    1,129    -    (559)    -    5,048 
       

Issuance of share capital – share options

 

      1,899    648    (449)    -    -    -    199 
         

Balance at December 31, 2017

 

        173,573   $172,308   $22,175   $(1,684)   $-   $(217,288)   $(24,489) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

163

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2015

2019, 2018 and 2017

(Expressedexpressed in United States dollars)thousands of U.S. dollars, except where indicated)

     
    Note                    2019                  2018                  2017 

Cash flows used in operating activities

        
  

Net loss from continuing operations

             $(5,524         $(5,198         $(36,439
  

Items not affecting cash:

        
  

Depreciation

      105   22   20 
  

Share-based compensation

  13   340   506   678 
  

Loss from equity investee

  8   273   175   215 
  

Interest expense

  11   319   307   287 
  

Finance cost

      29   -   - 
  

Gain on sale of investments

  6   (123  -   - 
  

Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses

      (176  249   (1,471
  

Deferred revenue finance costs

  12   3,250   2,985   - 
  

Gain on sale of mining property interest

  9   -   (353  - 
  

Unrealized loss on investments

  6   -   73   - 
  

Loss on the Arrangement

  5   -   -   33,627 
  

Income tax recovery

  16   -   -   (72
  

Other

      5   (9  11 
  
      (1,502  (1,243  (3,144
  

Changes innon-cash operating working capital:

        
  

(Increase) decrease in receivables and prepaids

      (54  333   (354
  

(Decrease) increase in accounts payable and accruals

      (260  133   (102
  

Discontinued operations

 

  5   -   -   604 
     

    

 

      (1,816  (777  (2,996
  

Cash flows from (used in) investing activities

        
  

Proceeds from sale of investments

  6   1,035   -   - 
  

Net cash outflow on sale of mining property interest

  9   -   (120  - 
  

Purchase of equipment

      -   (6  (100
  

Cash paid in connection with the Arrangement

 

  5   -   -   (8,843
     

    

 

      1,035   (126  (8,943
  

Cash flows (used in) from financing activities

        
  

Repayment of lease liability

  10   (80  -   - 
  

Proceeds from issuance of common shares – share options

  13   46   165   199 
  

Proceeds from issuance of common shares – private placement

 

  13   -   -   5,038 
     

    

 

      (34  165   5,237 
  

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents

      (815  (738  (6,702
  

Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year

      6,154   7,068   13,391 
  

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

      41   (176  379 
     

Cash and cash equivalents - end of year

 

             $5,380          $6,154          $7,068 

Cash and cash equivalents is represented by:

 

      
     

Cash

             $5,346          $6,120          $7,031 
  

Cash equivalents

      34   34   37 
     

Total cash and cash equivalents

 

             $5,380          $6,154          $7,068 

Supplemental cash flow information (Note 19)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

1

Nature of operations

1.            NATURE AND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

Entrée Gold Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia on July 19, 1995 and continued under the laws of the Yukon Territory on January 22, 2003. On May 27, 2005, Entrée Gold Inc. changed its governing jurisdiction from the Yukon Territory to British Columbia by continuing into British Columbia under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia). The principal business activity of Entrée Gold Inc.Resources Ltd., together with its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the "Company"“Company” or “Entrée”), is focused on the exploration of mineral property interests. To date, theThe Company is principally focused on its Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi Joint Venture Property in Mongolia.

The Company has not generated significant revenues from its operationsprimary listing in Canada on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) and is considered to beits common shares also trade in the exploration stage.


United States on theOver-the-Counter OTCQB Venture Market (“OTCQB”) under the symbol “ERLFF”.

The Company’s registered office is at Suite 2900, 550 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6C 0A3, Canada.

All amounts are expressed in United States dollars, except for certain amounts denoted in Canadian dollars ("(“C$").


These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the assumptionbasis of accounting principles applicable to a going concern which assumes that the Company will be able to continue for the foreseeable future and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company currently earns no operating revenues. Continued operations of the Company are dependent upon the Company's ability to secure additional equity capital or receive other financial support, and in the longer term to generate profits from business operations. Management believes that the Companyestimates it has sufficient working capital to maintain itscontinue operations for the next 12 months.


2.             SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of consolidation

upcoming year.

2

Basis of presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformityaccordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, and in making the United States of America and include the accounts ofassessment that the Company is a going concern, management have taken into account all available information about the future, which is at least, but is not limited to, twelve months from December 31, 2019.

The consolidated financial statements were approved and allauthorized for issue by the Board of its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.


Use of estimates

Directors on March 13, 2020.

3

Use of estimates and judgements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordanceconformity with United States generally accepted accounting principlesIFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant estimates and judgements used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements include: determination of functional currencies; recoverable amount of property and equipment; title to mineral properties; share-based compensation; plan of arrangement – fair value of net assets distributed; and income taxes. Estimates that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are as follows:

a)

Determination of functional currencies

The determination of the Company’s functional currency is a matter of judgment based on an assessment of the specific facts and circumstances relevant to determining the primary economic environment of each individual entity within the group. The Company reconsiders the functional currencies used when there is a change in events and conditions considered in determining the primary economic environment of each entity.

b)

Income taxes

The Company must make significant estimates in respect of the provision for income taxes and the composition of its deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities. The Company’s operations are, in part, subject to foreign tax laws where interpretations, regulations and legislation are complex and continually changing. As a result, there are usually some tax matters in question which may, on resolution in the future, result in adjustments to the amount of current or deferred income tax assets or liabilities, and those adjustments may be material to the Company’s statement of financial position and results of operations.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

The determination of the ability of the Company to utilize tax losses carried forward to offset income taxes payable in the future and to utilize temporary differences which will reverse in the future requires management to exercise judgment and make assumptions about the Company’s future performance. Management is required to assess whether the Company is more likely than not to be able to benefit from these tax losses and temporary differences. Changes in the timing of project completion, economic conditions, metal prices and other factors having an impact on future taxable income streams could result in revisions to the estimates of benefits to be realized or the Company’s assessments of its ability to utilize tax losses before expiry. These revisions could result in material adjustments to the consolidated financial statements.

c)

Share-based compensation

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the valuation of share-based compensation. Option pricing models require the input of the subjective assumptions including expected price volatility, interest rate and forfeiture rate. Changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate and the Company’s net loss and reserves.

d)

Plan of arrangement – fair value of net assets distributed

In May 2017, the Company completed a plan of arrangement (the “Arrangement”) under Section 288 of the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) (“BCBCA”) pursuant to which Entrée transferred its wholly owned subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the Ann Mason Project in Nevada and the Lordsburg property in New Mexico to Mason Resources Corp. (“Mason Resources”). Accounting for this transaction involves critical judgements and estimates in determining the fair value of the net assets distributed. In performing an analysis, the Company relied on Mason Resources’ share price to calculate the fair value of net assets transferred.

4

Significant accounting policies

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently by the Company and all of its wholly owned subsidiaries and to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

a)

Basis of consolidation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The Company’s significant subsidiaries are Entrée LLC and Entrée Resources LLC.

Wholly owned subsidiaries are entities in which the Company has direct or indirect control, where control is defined as the investor’s power over an investee with exposure, or rights, to variable returns from the investee and the ability to affect the investor’s returns through its power over the investee. The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated on consolidation.

b)

Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Entrée Resources Ltd. is the Canadian dollar. Accordingly, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the statement of financial position date whilenon-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated at historical rates. Revenue and expense items denominated in a foreign currency are translated at exchange rates prevailing when such items are recognized in the disclosurestatement of contingentcomprehensive loss. Exchange gains or losses arising on translation of foreign currency items are included in the statement of comprehensive loss. The functional currency of Entrée Resources Ltd.’s significant subsidiaries is the United States dollar. Upon translation into Canadian dollars for consolidation, monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the statement of financial position date whilenon-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates. Revenue and expense items are translated at exchange rates prevailing when such items are recognized in the statement of comprehensive loss. Exchange gains or losses arising on translation of foreign currency items are included in the statement of comprehensive loss.

The Company follows the current rate method of translation with respect to its presentation of these consolidated financial statements in the reporting currency, which is the United States dollar. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars at theperiod-end exchange rates while revenue and expenses are translated at the prevailing exchange rates during the period. Related exchange gains and losses are included in a separate component of shareholders’ deficiency as accumulated other comprehensive loss / income.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

c)

Financial instruments

Classification

The Company classifies its financial instruments in the following categories: at fair value through profit and loss (“FVTPL”), at fair value through other comprehensive income (loss) (“FVTOCI”), or at amortized cost. The Company determines the classification of financial assets at initial recognition. The classification of debt instruments is driven by the Company’s business model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cash flow characteristics. Equity instruments that are held for trading are classified as FVTPL. For other equity instruments, on the day of acquisition the Company can make an irrevocable election (on aninstrument-by-instrument basis) to designate them as at FVTOCI. Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost, unless they are required to be measured at FVTPL (such as instruments held for trading or derivatives) or the Company has opted to measure them at FVTPL.

The following table shows the classification of the Company’s financial instruments:

Financial assets / liabilities

Classification

Cash and cash equivalents

FVTPL

Investments

FVTPL

Receivables

Amortized costs

Deposits

Amortized costs

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Amortized costs

Lease liabilities

Amortized costs

Loan payable to Oyu Tolgoi LLC

Amortized costs

Measurement

Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost

Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost are initially recognized at fair value plus or minus transaction costs, respectively, and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment.

Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL

Financial assets and liabilities carried at FVTPL are initially recorded at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the dateconsolidated statements of comprehensive loss / income. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of the financial assets and liabilities held at FVTPL are included in profit or loss.

Financial assets at FVTOCI

Financial assets at FVTOCI are initially recorded at fair value adjusted for transaction costs. Dividends are recognized as income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss / income unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Gains or losses recognized on the sale of the equity investment are recognized in other comprehensive loss / income and are never reclassified to profit or loss.

Impairment

An ‘expected credit loss’ impairment model applies which requires a loss allowance to be recognized based on expected credit losses. The estimated present value of future cash flows associated with the asset is determined and an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between this amount and the reportedcarrying amount as follows: the carrying amount of revenuesthe asset is reduced to estimated present value of the future cash flows associated with the asset, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate, either directly or through the use of an allowance account and expenses during the reportingresulting loss is recognized in profit or loss for the period.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

In a subsequent period, if the amount of the impairment loss related to financial assets measured at amortized cost decreases, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss to the extent that the carrying amount of the investment at the date the impairment is reversed does not exceed what the amortized cost would have been had the impairment not been recognized.

Derecognition

Financial assets

The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions relatedderecognizes financial assets only when the contractual rights to deferred income tax asset valuations, asset impairment, stock-based compensation and loss contingencies. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgements about the other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adverselycash flows from the Company's estimates. Tofinancial assets expire, or when it transfers the extent therefinancial assets and substantially all of the associated risks and rewards of ownership to another entity. Gains and losses on derecognition are material differences between estimates andgenerally recognized in the actual results, future resultsconsolidated statements of operations will be affected.


Cash and cash equivalents

comprehensive loss / income.

d)

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includesinclude cash in banks, money market funds, and certificates of term deposits with maturities of less than three months from inception, which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which, in the opinion of management, are subject to an insignificant risk of loss in value.

e)

Exploration and evaluation assets

All direct costs related to the acquisition of mineral property interest are capitalized in the period incurred.

Exploration and evaluation costs are charged to operations in the period incurred until such time as it has been determined that a mineral property has proven and probable reserves and the property is economically viable, in which case subsequent evaluation costs incurred to develop a mineral property are capitalized.

f)

Property, plant and equipment

Mineral property interests and mine development costs

All exploration and evaluation expenditures and property maintenance costs incurred for projects outside the boundary of a known mineral deposit containing proven and probable reserves are expensed as incurred to the date of establishing that property costs are economically recoverable.

Development expenditures are those incurred subsequent to the establishment of economic recoverability and after a number of key development and milestones have been achieved. These milestones include obtaining sufficient financial resources, permits, and licenses to develop the mineral property. Development costs are capitalized and included in the carrying amount of the related property.

Mineral property and mine development costs capitalized are amortized using theunits-of-production method over the estimated life of the proven and probable reserves.

Plant and equipment

Items of plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depletion and amortization. Cost includes all expenditures incurred to bring assets to the location and condition necessary for them to be operated in the manner intended by management, including estimated decommissioning and restoration costs and, where applicable, borrowing costs. If significant parts of an item of plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of plant and equipment.

Depreciation is recorded on a declining balance basis at rates ranging from 20% to 30% per annum.

No depletion and amortization is recorded until the asset is substantially complete and available for its intended use.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Impairment ofnon-current assets

The Company reviews the carrying amounts of itsnon-financial assets every reporting period. If there is any indication that the assets or cash-generating unit (“CGU”) may not be fully recoverable, the recoverable amount of the asset or CGU is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss, if any.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows to be derived from continuing use of the asset or CGU are discounted to their present value using apre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. Fair value less cost to sell is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset or CGU in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, less the cost of disposal. When a binding sale agreement is not available, fair value less costs to sell is estimated using a discounted cash flow approach with inputs and assumptions consistent with those at market. If the recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset or CGU is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset or CGU is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, such that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had $22,785,658 in cash at December 31, 2015.



164

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)
no impairment loss been recognized.

g)

Long-term investments



2.            SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont'd...)

Long-term investments

Long-term investments in companies in which the Company has voting interests of 20% to 50%or more or where the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method. Under this method, the Company'sCompany’s share of the investees'investees’ earnings and losses is included in operations and its investments therein are adjusted by a like amount. Dividends received are credited to the long-term investment accounts.


Equipment

Equipment, consisting of office, computer, field equipment and buildings, is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recorded on a declining balance basis at rates ranging from 20% to 30% per annum.

Mineral property interests

Costs of exploration and costs of carrying and retaining unproven properties are expensed as incurred.

h)

Decommissioning obligations

The Company considers mineral rightsrecognizes liabilities for statutory, contractual, legal or constructive obligations associated with the retirement of property, plant and equipment, when those obligations result from the acquisition, construction, development or normal operation of the assets. Initially, a provision for a decommissioning obligation is recognized at its net present value in the period in which it is incurred, using a discounted cash flow technique with market-based risk-free discount rates and estimates of the timing and amount of the settlement of the obligation.    

Upon initial recognition of the liability, the corresponding decommissioning cost is added to be tangiblethe carrying amount of the related asset. Following initial recognition of the decommissioning obligation, the carrying amount of the liability is increased for the passage of time and adjusted for changes to significant estimates including the current discount rate, the amount or timing of the underlying cash flows needed to settle the obligation and the requirements of the relevant legal and regulatory framework. Subsequent changes in the provisions resulting from new disturbance, updated cost estimates, changes to estimated lives of operations and revisions to discount rates are also capitalized to the related property, plant and equipment. Amounts capitalized to the related property, plant and equipment are depreciated over the lives of the assets to which they relate. The amortization or unwinding of the discount applied in establishing the net present value of provisions is charged to expense and accordingly,is included within finance costs in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss / income.

i)

Other provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Company capitalizes certain costs relatedhas a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources that can be reliably estimated will be required to settle the acquisition of mineral rights.


Asset retirement obligation

The Company recordsobligation. Provisions are measured at the fairpresent value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation.

j)

Taxation

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred taxes are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss / income except to the extent that they relate to items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive loss / income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of unused tax losses and credits, as well as temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on enacted or substantively enacted laws at the reporting date.

The Company computes the provision for deferred income taxes under the liability method. A deferred tax asset is recognized for closureunused tax losses, tax credits and removal costs associated withdeductible temporary differences, only to the legal obligations upon retirementextent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized. Future taxable profits are estimated using an income forecast derived from cash flow projections, based on detailedlife-of-mine plans and corporate forecasts. Where applicable, the probability of utilizing tax losses or removal of any tangible long-lived assets wherecredits is evaluated by considering risks relevant to future cash flows, and the expiry dates after which these losses or credits can no longer be utilized.

Deferred tax is not recognized for the initial recognition of any liabilityassets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint arrangements to the extent that it is probable that they will be capitalized as part ofnot reverse in the asset cost and depreciated over its estimated useful life. To date,foreseeable future.

The Company is subject to assessments by various taxation authorities, who may interpret tax legislation differently from the Company has not incurred any asset retirement obligations.


Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets are continually reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carryingCompany. The final amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assetstaxes to be held and used is measured bypaid depends on a comparisonnumber of factors, including the carrying amountoutcomes of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the discounted carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Stock-based compensation

The Company applies the fair value method of accounting for all stock option awards, whereby the Company recognizes a compensation expense for all stock options awarded to employees, officers and consultants based on the fair value of the options on the date of grant, which is determined using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The options are expensed over the vesting period of the options.

Financial instruments

The Company classifies financial assets and liabilities as held-for-trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, loans and receivablesaudits, appeals or other financial liabilities depending on their nature. Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized at fair value on their initial recognition, except for those arising from certain related party transactions whichnegotiated settlements. Such differences are accounted for atbased on management’s best estimate of the transferor's carrying amount or exchange amount.


165

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)

2.            SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont'd…)

Financial instruments (cont'd…)

Financial assets and liabilities classified as held-for-trading are measured at fair value, with gains and losses recognized in net income. Financial assets classified as held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, and financial liabilities other than those classified as held-for-trading are measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest methodprobable outcome of amortization. Financial assets classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses being recognized as other comprehensive income until realized, or if an unrealized loss is considered other than temporary, the unrealized loss is recorded in income.

these matters.

The Company classifiesmust make significant estimates and judgments in respect of its financial instruments as follows:


Cash and cash equivalents is classified as held for trading, and is measured at fair value using Level 1 inputs. Receivables and accounts payable, are classified as loans and receivables, and have a fair value approximating their carrying value, due to their short-term nature. The Company's other financial instruments, accounts payable, and loans payable are classified as other financial liabilities, and are measured at amortized cost.

Income taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accountingprovision for income taxes whereby deferred income taxes are recognized forand the deferred income tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying valuescomposition and measurement of existing assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases (temporary differences). Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect onits deferred income tax assets and liabilities ofliabilities. The Company’s operations are, in part, subject to foreign tax laws where interpretations, regulations and legislation are complex and continually changing. As a changeresult, there are usually some tax matters in tax rates is included in incomequestion that may, upon resolution in the periodfuture, result in whichadjustments to the change occurs. The amount of deferred income tax assets and liabilities; those adjustments may be material.

k)

Share-based compensation

The Company’s stock option plan allows the Company’s directors, officers, employees, and consultants to acquire shares of the Company. The fair value of options granted is recognized as share-based compensation expense with a corresponding increase in reserves. An individual is limitedclassified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes (direct employee) or provides services similar to those performed by a direct employee. Where options are subject to vesting, each vesting tranche is considered a separate award with its own vesting period and grant date fair value. The fair value of each tranche is measured at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted. Share-based compensation expense is recognized over the tranche’s vesting period by a charge to profit or loss. For employees, the compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period which approximates the vesting period. Compensation expense for share options granted tonon-employees is recognized over the contract services period or, if none exists, from the date of grant until the options vest. Compensation associated with unvested options granted tonon-employees isre-measured on each statement of financial position date.

At each financial position reporting date, the amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of options that is more likely than notare expected to vest. In situations where equity instruments are issued tonon-employees and some or all of the goods or services received by the entity as consideration cannot be realized.


Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Entrée Gold Inc. is the Canadian dollar. Accordingly, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currencyspecifically identified, they are translatedmeasured at the exchange rate in effectfair value of the share-based compensation. Otherwise, share-based compensation is measured at the balance sheet date while non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated at historical rates. Revenue and expense items denominated in a foreign currency are translated at exchange rates prevailing when such items are recognized in the statementfair value of operations and comprehensive loss. Exchange gainsgoods or losses arising on translation of foreign currency items are included in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. The functional currency of Entrée Gold Inc.'s significant subsidiaries is the United Sates dollar. Upon translation into Canadian dollars for consolidation, monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date while non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates. Revenue and expense items are translated at exchange rates prevailing when such items are recognized in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Exchange gains or losses arising on translation of foreign currency items are included in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company follows the current rate method of translation with respect to its presentation of these consolidated financial statements in the reporting currency, which is the United States dollar. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars at the period-end exchange rates while revenue and expenses are translated at the prevailing exchange rates during the period. Related exchange gains and losses are included in a separate component of stockholders' equity as accumulated other comprehensive income.


166

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)
services received.

l)

Loss per share

2.            SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont'd…)

Net loss per share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss for the period attributableavailable to common stockholdersshareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stockshares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted net loss per share takes into consideration shares of common stock outstanding (computed under basic loss per share) and potentially dilutive shares of common stock. Diluted net loss per share is not presented separately fromcomputed similarly to basic net loss per share asexcept that the conversionweighted average common shares outstanding are increased to include additional shares for the assumed exercise of outstanding stockshare options and share purchase warrants, intoif dilutive. The number of additional common shares would be anti-dilutive. At December 31, 2015,is calculated by assuming that outstanding share options and share purchase warrants were exercised and that the total number of potentially dilutiveproceeds from such exercises were used to acquire common shares of common stock excluded from basic net loss per share was 13,208,000 (December 31, 2014 - 13,779,000; December 31, 2013 - 14,400,500).at the average market price during the reporting periods.


Comparative figures

Certain comparative figures have been reclassified

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to conform to the current year's presentation.


Recent accounting pronouncements

In August 2014, theConsolidated Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-15, "Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern". Historically, there has been no guidance in GAAP about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern. This ASU clarifies when and how management should be assessing their ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2014-15 will have an impact on the frequency with which going concern assessments are conducted but does not expect the adoption to have significant changes to existing disclosure.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes". The amendments in ASU 2015-17 require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in this ASU are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently presenting deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent items on the consolidated balance sheets. Accordingly, the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2015-17 to have a material impact on the Company's financial reporting and disclosures.

3.             CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash at bank and in hand of $22,785,658 as at December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $33,517,096).

4.             LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS

Equity Method Investment

The Company accounts for its interest in a joint venture with Oyu Tolgoi LLC ("OTLLC"), a company owned 66% by Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd. ("Turquoise Hill") and 34% by the Government of Mongolia (Note 6), as a 20% equity investment. The Company's share of the loss of the joint venture is $118,712 forStatements

For the year ended December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $107,907;2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

m)

Related party transactions

Parties are considered related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered related if they are subject to common control or significant influence. A transaction is considered a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties.

n)

Warrants issued in equity financing transactions

The Company engages in equity financing transactions to obtain the funds necessary to continue operations and explore and evaluate mineral properties. These equity financing transactions may involve issuance of common shares or units. A unit comprises a certain number of common shares and a certain number of share purchase warrants. Depending on the terms and conditions of each equity financing agreement, the warrants are exercisable into additional common shares prior to expiry at a price stipulated by the agreement. Warrants that are part of units are valued based on the relative fair value method and included in share capital with the common shares that were concurrently issued. Warrants that are issued as payment for an agency fee or other transactions costs are accounted for asshare-based payments.

o)

Accounting standards adopted during the year

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company has adopted IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective application method where the 2018 comparatives are not restated and the cumulative effect of initially applying IFRS 16 has been recorded on January 1, 2019 for any differences identified, including adjustments to opening shareholders’ deficiency balance.

IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to the lessee accounting by removing the distinction between operating and finance leases and requiring the recognition of aright-to-use asset (“ROU asset”) and a lease liability at the lease commencement for all leases, except for short-term leases (lease terms of 12 months or less) and leases of low value assets.

In applying IFRS 16 for all leases, the Company (i) recognizes the ROU asset and lease liabilities in the statement of financial position, initially measured at the present value of future lease payments; (ii) recognizes the depreciation of ROU assets and interest on lease liabilities in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss; and (iii) separates the total amount of cash paid into a principal portion (presented in financing activities) and interest (presented within operating activities) in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

In transitioning to IFRS 16, the Company analyzed its contracts to identify whether they contain a lease arrangement. This analysis identified contracts containing leases that have an increase to the Company’s ROU assets of $0.3 million and lease liabilities of $0.4 million. The difference between the Company’s ROU assets and lease liabilities has been included as an adjustment to opening shareholders’ deficiency balance at January 1, 2019. In addition, $0.1 million of leasehold inducements waswritten-off to opening shareholders’ deficiency balance at January 1, 2019, as the ROU asset was not reduced by any lease incentives received. The incremental borrowing rate for lease liabilities initially recognized on adoption of IFRS 16 was 8%.

New accounting policy for leases under IFRS 16

The Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of a contract. The Company recognizes a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease arrangements in which it is the lessee, at the commencement of the lease, with the following exceptions: (i) the Company has elected not to recognize ROU assets and liabilities for leases where the total lease term is less than or equal to 12 months, or (ii) for leases of low value. The payments for such leases are recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The ROU asset is initially measured based on the present value of lease payments, lease payments made at or before the commencement day, and any initial direct costs. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. The ROU asset is depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or the useful life of the underlying asset. The ROU asset is subject to testing for impairment if there is an indicator of impairment.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the rate implicit in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments include fixed payments less any lease incentives, and any variable lease payments where variability depends on an index or rate. When the lease contains an extension or purchase option that the Company considers reasonably certain to be exercised, the cost of the option is included in the lease payments. The operating lease obligations as at December 31, 2013 - $146,051) plus accrued interest expense of $279,405 for2018 are reconciled as follows to the recognized lease liabilities as at January 1, 2019:

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $264,869; December 31, 2013 - $260,453).

167

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
2019

(Expressedtabular amounts expressed in United States dollars)

thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Minimum lease payments under operating leases as of December 31, 2018

                  $                    462  

Effect from discounting at the incremental borrowing rate as of January 1, 2019

(107) 

Lease liabilities recognized as of January 1, 2019

                  $355  

ROU assets are included in property and equipment and the lease liability is included in current portion of other liabilities and other liabilities in the consolidated statement of financial position.

IFRS 15

With the implementation of IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”) as of January 1, 2018, the Company recorded an adjustment of $14.1 million to opening January 1, 2018 deficit and a corresponding adjustment to deferred revenue balance. Adjustment is due to a change in the transaction price for the Company’s streaming agreement as a result of the existence of a significant financing component at a discount rate of 8%.

5

Plan of arrangement and discontinued operations

In May 2017, the Company completed the Arrangement under Section 288 of the BCBCA pursuant to which Entrée transferred its wholly owned subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the Ann Mason Project in Nevada and the Lordsburg property in New Mexico including $8,843,232 in cash and cash equivalents to Mason Resources in exchange for 77,804,786 common shares of Mason Resources (the “Mason Common Shares”). Mason Resources commenced trading on the TSX on May 12, 2017 under the symbol “MNR”.

As part of the Arrangement, Entrée then distributed its 77,805,786 Mason Common Shares to Entrée shareholders by way of a share exchange, pursuant to which each existing share of Entrée was exchanged for one “new” share of Entrée and 0.45 of a Mason Common Share. Optionholders and warrantholders of Entrée received replacement options and warrants of Entrée and options and warrants of Mason Resources which were proportionate to, and reflective of the terms of, their existing options and warrants of Entrée.

The discontinued operations include three entities transferred to Mason Resources pursuant to the Arrangement: Mason U.S. Holdings Inc.; Mason Resources (US) Inc.; and M.I.M. (U.S.A.) Inc. (collectively the “US Subsidiaries”).

In accordance with International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) 17, Distribution of5.Non-cash Assets to Owners, the Company recognized theEQUIPMENTspin-off

                   
                                December 31, 2015  December 31, 2014 
     Accumulated  Net Book     Accumulated  Net Book 
  Cost  Depreciation  Value  Cost  Depreciation  Value 
                   
Office equipment $57,207  $46,282  $10,925  $81,314  $60,877  $20,437 
Computer equipment  276,534   231,335   45,199   363,823   290,361   73,462 
Field equipment  181,925   134,245   47,680   217,036   141,797   75,239 
Buildings  40,053   34,673   5,380   48,762   40,334   8,428 
                         
  $555,719  $446,535  $109,184  $710,935  $533,369  $177,566 
6.            MINERAL PROPERTY INTERESTS

Title distribution of net assets at fair value with the difference between that value, including the foreign currency translation adjustment, and the carrying amount of the net assets recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. In connection with the Arrangement, the Company incurred restructuring costs of $0.2 million which was charged to equity as these costs are directly attributable to the Arrangement. Upon completion of the Arrangement, the Company recognized a loss of $33.6 million on the spin out of Mason Resources including a reclassification of foreign currency translation adjustment of $0.8 million. This amount represents the impairment loss on the Company’s mineral property interests involves certain inherent risks dueprior tospin-out.

The Arrangement resulted in a reduction of share capital in the difficultiesamount of determining$11.4 million, being the validityfair value of certain claims as well as the potential for problems arisingnet assets distributed

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Current assets

Cash

          $                8,843   

Receivables and prepaids

137   
8,980   

Long-term assets

Equipment

25   

Mineral property interest

37,699   

Reclamation deposits and other

481   
38,205   

Current liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

(34)   

Long-term liabilities

Deferred income taxes

(2,937)   

Carry value of net assets

44,214   

Fair value of net assets

11,384   
(32,830)   

Foreign currency translation adjustment

(797)   

Loss on the Arrangement

          $(33,627)  

The net loss from the frequently ambiguous conveyancing history characteristicUS Subsidiaries has been reclassified to net loss from discontinued operations as follows:

  2017

Expenses

Exploration

            $    239   

General and administrative

19   

Depreciation

4   

Foreign exchange gain

(86)   

Net loss from discontinued operations

            $

    176   

6

Investments

In June 2018, the Company acquired 478,951 common shares of many mineral property interests. Anglo Pacific Group PLC (“Anglo Pacific”), a public company listed on the London Stock Exchange (“LSE”) and the TSX, through the sale of the Cañariaco Project Royalty (Note 9).

In 2019, the Company disposed of all its investments in Anglo Pacific common shares for net proceeds of $1.0 million and realized a $0.1 million gain.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

7

Property and equipment

                                                                                                            
    

    Office

equipment

  Computer
equipment
  Field
equipment
  Buildings  Right-of-use
assets
  Total 

Cost

          
   

Balance, January 1, 2017

    $42    $175    $55    $40    $-      $287 
   

Additions

   50   2   -   45   -     97 
   

Disposals

   (40  (40  (19  (43  -     (117
   

Foreign exchange

   3   12   3   3        21 
   

Balance, December 31, 2017

   55   149   39   45   -     288 
   

Additions

   -   6   -   -   -     6 
   

Foreign exchange

   (5  (12  (4  (4  -     (25
   

Balance at December 31, 2018

   50   143   35   41   -     269 

Additions

   -   -   -   -   337   337 
   

Disposals

   -   (33  (37  -   -   (70
   

Foreign exchange

   3   4   2   3   4   16 
       

Balance at December 31, 2019

    $53    $114    $-    $44    $341    $552 
   

Accumulated depreciation

          
   

Balance, January 1, 2017

    $(34   $(144   $(30   $(36   $-    $(244
   

Depreciation

   (6  (6  (2  (6  -   (20
   

Disposals

   33   32   -   39   -   104 
   

Foreign exchange

   (1  (12  (1  (2  -   (16
   

Balance, December 31, 2017

   (8  (130  (33  (5  -   (176
   

Depreciation

   (8  (5  (2  (7  -   (22
   

Foreign exchange

   1   10   4   1   -   16 
   

Balance at December 31, 2018

   (15  (125  (31  (11  -   (182
   

Depreciation

   (7  (2  -   (6  (90  (105
   

Disposals

   -   32   33   -   -   65 
   

Foreign exchange

   (1  (8  (2  (1  (2  (14
       

Balance at December 31, 2019

    $(23   $(103   $-    $(18   $(92   $(236
   

Net book value

          
   

January 1, 2018

    $47    $19    $6    $40    $-    $112 
   

December 31, 2018

    $35    $18    $4    $30    $-    $87 
       

December 31, 2019

    $30    $11    $-    $26    $249    $316 

8

Other Assets

Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, Mongolia

The Company has investigated title to its mineral property interests and, except as otherwise disclosed below, to the best of its knowledge, title to the mineral property interests is in good standing.


Material Properties

The Company's two principal assets are the Ann Mason project (the "Ann Mason Project") in Nevada and itsa carried 20% participating joint venture interest in the Lookout Hill property in Mongolia.

Ann Mason, Nevada, United States

The Ann Mason Project is defined by a series of both unpatented lode claims on public land administered by the Bureau of Land Management, and title to patented lode claims. The project area includes the Ann Mason and the Blue Hill deposits, several early-stage copper porphyry targets including the Blackjack IP, Blackjack Oxide, Roulette and Minnesota targets, and the Minnesota, Shamrock and Ann South copper skarn targets.

Certaintwo of the unpatented lode claims are leased toOyu Tolgoi project deposits, and a carried 20% or 30% participating joint venture interest (depending on the Company pursuant to a mining lease and option to purchase agreement ("MLOPA") with two individuals. Underdepth of mineralization) in the MLOPA, the Company has the option to purchase the claims for $500,000, which, if exercised, will be subject to a 3% net smelter returns ("NSR") royalty (which may be bought down to a 1% NSR royalty for $2 million). The MLOPA also provides for annual advance minimum royalty payments of $27,500 which commenced in 2011 and will continue until the commencement of sustained commercial production. The advance payments will be credited against future royalty payments or the buy down of the royalty.

In September 2009, the Company entered into an agreement whereby the Company may acquire an 80% interest in certain unpatented lode claims formerly known as the Roulette property. In order to acquire its interest, the Company must: (a) incur expenditures of $1,000,000, make cash payments of $140,000 and issue 85,000 common shares of the Company within three years (completed); (b) make aggregate advance royalty payments totalling $375,000 between the fifth and tenth anniversaries of the agreement ($100,000 of which has been paid); and (c) deliver a bankable feasibility study before the tenth anniversary of the agreement.


168

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)

6.             MINERAL PROPERTY INTERESTS (cont'd...)

Material Properties (cont'd...)

Ann Mason, Nevada, United States (cont'd...)

In February 2013, the Company entered into an agreement with Sandstorm Gold Ltd. ("Sandstorm") whereby the Company granted Sandstorm a 0.4% NSR royalty over certain of the unpatented lode claims, including the claims covering the Ann Mason and Blue Hill deposits, in return for an upfront payment of $5 million (the "Sandstorm NSR Payment") which was recorded as a recovery to acquisition costs.

In addition, certain of the patented lode claims are subject to a 2% NSR royalty.

Lookout Hill, Mongolia

The Lookout Hill propertysurrounding land package located in the South Gobi region of Mongolia (the “Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property”). The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property is comprised of twothe eastern portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licences,licence, which hosts the Hugo North Extension copper-gold deposit, and all of the Javhlant mining licence, which hosts the majority of the Heruga copper-gold-molybdenum deposit. The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences were granted by the Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia ("MRAM") in October 2009. Title to the two licences is held by the Company.

In October 2004, the Company entered into an arm's-lengtharm’s-length Equity Participation andEarn-In Agreement (the "Earn In Agreement"“Earn-In Agreement”) with Turquoise Hill.Hill Resources Ltd. (“Turquoise Hill”). Under theEarn-In Agreement, Turquoise Hill agreed to purchase equity securities of the Company and was granted the right to earn an interest in what is now the eastern portion of the ShiveeEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi mining licence and all of the Javhlant mining licence (together the "Joint Venture Property").JV Property. Most of Turquoise Hill'sHill’s rights and obligations under theEarn-In Agreement were subsequently assigned by Turquoise Hill to what was then its wholly-owned subsidiary, OTLLC.Oyu Tolgoi LLC (“OTLLC”). The Government of Mongolia subsequently acquired a 34% interest in OTLLC from Turquoise Hill.


On June 30, 2008, OTLLC gave notice that it had completed itsearn-in obligations by expending a total of $35 million on exploration of the Joint VentureEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. OTLLC earned an 80% interest in all minerals extracted below asub-surface depth of 560 metres from the Joint VentureEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property and a 70% interest in all minerals extracted from surface to a depth of 560 metres from the Joint VentureEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. In accordance with theEarn-In Agreement, the Company and OTLLC formed a joint venture (the "Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venture"“Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV”) on terms annexed to theEarn-In Agreement. Agreement (the “JVA”).


Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

The portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence outside of the Joint VentureEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property, ("Shivee West")West, is 100% owned by the Company, but is subject to a right of first refusal by OTLLC.


In October 2015, the Company entered into a License Fees Agreement with OTLLC, pursuant to which the parties agreed to negotiate in good faith to amend the JVA to include Shivee West in the definition of Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. The parties also agreed that the annual licence fees for Shivee West would be for the account of each joint venture participant in proportion to their respective interests, with OTLLC contributing the Company’s 20% share charging interest at prime plus 2% (Note 11).    

The conversion of the original Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant exploration licences into mining licences was a condition precedent to the Investment Agreement (the "Investment Agreement"“Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement”) between Turquoise Hill, OTLLC, the Government of Mongolia and Rio Tinto International Holdings Limited. The licences are part of the contract area covered by the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement, although the Company is not a party to the Oyu Tolgoi Investment Agreement. The Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences were each issued for a 30 year term and have rights of renewal for two further 20 year terms.


On February 27, 2013, MRAM delivered notice (the "Notice") to the Company advising that the Company is temporarily restricted from transferring, selling or leasing the Shivee Tolgoi and Javhlant mining licences. While the Company was subsequently advised that the temporary transfer restriction on the mining licences will be lifted, it has yet to receive official notification of the lifting of the restriction.

As of December 31, 2015,2019, the Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venturee/Oyu Tolgoi JV had expended approximately $27.8$32.9 million (December 31, 2018 - $31.2 million; December 31, 2017 - $30.1 million) to advance the Joint VentureEntrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Under the terms of the Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venture,e/Oyu Tolgoi JV, OTLLC contributed on behalf of the Company its required participation amount charging interest at prime plus 2% (Note 7)11).

169

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Investment – Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property

For accounting purposes, the Company treats its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV as a 20% equity investment. Historically, all Company expenditures related to its interest in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV have been expensed as incurred through the statement of comprehensive loss or recognized as part of the Company’s share of the loss of the joint venture.

The Company’s share of the loss of the joint venture was $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015

(Expressed2019 (December 31, 2018 - $0.2 million; December 31, 2017 - $0.2 million). The joint venture has nominal current assets and liabilities, approximately $0.3 million ofnon-current assets and approximately $33.0 million ofnon-current liabilities. The loss for the joint venture for the year ended December 31, 2019 was approximately $1.4 million (2018 – approximately $0.9 million; 2017 – approximately $0.9 million).

The Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV investment carrying value at December 31, 2019 was $0.1 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.2 million) and was recorded in United States dollars)other assets.

9

Mineral property interests

Cañariaco Project Royalty, Peru

In August 2015, the Company acquired from Candente Copper Corp. (TSX:DNT) (“Candente”) a 0.5% net smelter returns royalty (the “Cañariaco Project Royalty”) on Candente’s 100% owned Cañariaco copper project in Peru for a purchase price of $500,000.

In June 2018, the Company sold the Cañariaco Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific, whereby the Company transferred all the issued and outstanding shares of its subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the Cañariaco Project Royalty to Anglo Pacific in return for consideration of $1.0 million, payable by the issuance of 478,951 Anglo Pacific common shares. In addition, Entrée retains the right to a portion of any future royalty income received by Anglo Pacific in relation to the Cañariaco Project Royalty (“Royalty Pass-Through Payments”) as follows:

20% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter up to and including December 31, 2029;

15% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2030 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2034; and

10% of any royalty payment received for any calendar quarter commencing January 1, 2035 up to and including the quarter ending December 31, 2039.

In accordance with IFRS, the Company has attributed a value of $nil to the Royalty Pass-Through Payments since realization of the proceeds is contingent upon several uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

The Company recognized a gain on the sale of the Cañariaco Project Royalty of $0.4 million as outlined below.

2018

Consideration received

  $                         1,000

Mineral property interest cost - Cañariaco Project Royalty

(532

Transaction costs

(115

Gain on sale

  $353

6.             MINERAL PROPERTY INTERESTS (cont'd...)

In 2019, the Company disposed of all its investment in Anglo Pacific common shares (Note 6).

Other Properties


The Company also has interests in non-materialother properties in Mongolia (Shivee West property) and Australia the United States and Peru.


(Blue Rose joint venture). During the year ended December 31,fiscal 2014, the Company recorded an impairment against the property in Australia and, as a result, there was $nil recognized as an asset on the statement of mineral property interestsfinancial position.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of $552,095 (DecemberU.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

10

Leases

Lease liability

            December 31, 2019  

Lease liability

                $304

Less: current portion

(103

Long-term portion

                $201

Undiscounted lease payments

December 31, 2019  

Less than one year

                $123

One to five years

216

More than five years

-
                $339

Interest expense on the lease liability amounted to $0.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 - $437,732) against these properties.


Capitalized mineral property acquisition costs are summarized as follows:
       
       
  
December 31,
2015
  
December 31,
2014
 
       
Ann Mason $36,853,690  $43,966,474 
Other  860,802   453,064 
         
Total $37,714,492  $44,419,538 
Ann Mason capitalized mineral property acquisition costs are net of the $5 million Sandstorm NSR Payment.

Included in Other is a 0.5% net smelter returns royalty acquired for $500,000 in 2015 from Candente Copper Corp. on their 100% owned Cañariaco project in Peru.

Expensed exploration costs are summarized as follows:
           
           
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
              Year Ended
              December 31,
                    2014
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
           
US $3,507,357  $7,066,997   $3,940,264  
Mongolia  1,488,452   1,672,341   1,355,493  
Other  165,101   315,549   807,235  
              
Total all locations $5,160,910  $9,054,887   $6,102,992  
7.             LOANS PAYABLE

2019.

11

Loan payable to Oyu Tolgoi LLC

Under the terms of the Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venturee/Oyu Tolgoi JV (Note 6)8), Entrée has elected to have OTLLC will contribute funds to approved joint venture programs and budgets on the Company'sCompany’s behalf. Interest on each loan advance shall accrue at an annual rate equal to OTLLC'sOTLLC’s actual cost of capital or the prime rate of the Royal Bank of Canada, plus two percent (2%) per annum, whichever is less, as at the date of the advance. The loansloan isnon-recourse and will be repayable by the Company monthly from ninety percent (90%) of the Company'sCompany’s share of available cash flow from the Entrée-OTLLC Joint Venture.e/Oyu Tolgoi JV. In the absence of available cash flow, the loansloan will not be repayable. The loans areloan is not expected to be repaid within one year.



170

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

During the year ended December 31, 2015

(Expressed2019, the Company recorded interest expense of $0.3 million in United States dollars)
connection with the loan (2018 - $0.3 million).

12

Deferred revenue


8.             DEFERRED REVENUE

In February 2013, the Company entered into an equity participation and funding agreement (the “2013 Agreement”) with Sandstorm (the "2013 Agreement"Gold Ltd. (“Sandstorm”) thatwhereby Sandstorm provided an upfront deposit (the "Deposit"“Deposit”) from Sandstorm of $40$40.0 million. The Company will use future payments that it receives from its mineral property interests to purchase and deliver metal credits to Sandstorm, in amounts that are indexed to the Company'sCompany’s share of gold, silver and copper production from the Joint Venture Property as follows:


current Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property. Upon the delivery of metal credits, Sandstorm will also make the cash payment outlined below. In addition, the 2013 Agreement provided for a partial refund of the Deposit and a pro rata reduction in the number of metal credits deliverable to Sandstorm in the event of a partial expropriation of Entrée’s economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the current Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property.

On February 23, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend, whereby the Company refunded 17% of the Deposit ($6.8 million) (the “Refund”) in cash and shares thereby reducing the Deposit to $33.2 million for a 17% reduction in the metal credits that the Company is required to deliver to Sandstorm. At closing on March 1, 2016, the parties entered into an Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement (the “Amended Sandstorm Agreement”). Under the terms of the Amended Sandstorm Agreement, the Company will purchase and deliver gold, silver and copper credits equivalent to:

·25.7%

28.1% of the Company'sEntrée’s share of gold and silver, and 2.5%2.1% of the Company'sEntrée’s share of copper, produced from the portion of the Shivee Tolgoi mining licence included in the Joint Venture Property;(excluding Shivee West); and


·33.8%

21.3% of the Company'sEntrée’s share of gold and silver, and 2.5%2.1% of the Company'sEntrée’s share of copper, produced from the Javhlant mining licence.


In addition

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Deposit, uponyear ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Upon the delivery of the metal credits, Sandstorm will make a cash payment to the Company equal to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $220 per ounce of gold, $5 per ounce of silver and $0.50 per pound of copper (subject to inflation adjustments). After approximately 8.6 million ounces of gold, 40.3 million ounces of silver and 9.1 billion pounds of copper have been produced from the entire Joint Venturecurrent Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property the cash payment will increasebe increased to the lesser of the prevailing market price and $500 per ounce of gold, $10 per ounce of silver and $1.10 per pound of copper (subject to inflation adjustments). To the extent that the prevailing market price is greater than the amount of the cash payment, the difference between the two will be credited against the Deposit (the net amount of the Deposit being the "Unearned Balance"“Unearned Balance”).


The Company is

This arrangement does not required to deliverrequire the delivery of actual metal, and the Company may use revenue from any of its assets to purchase the requisite amount of metal credits.

Under the Amended Sandstorm Agreement, Sandstorm has a right of first refusal, subject to certain exceptions, on future production-based funding agreements. The Amended Sandstorm Agreement also contains other customary terms and conditions, including representations, warranties, covenants and events of default. The initial term of the Amended Sandstorm Agreement is 50 years, subject to successive10-year extensions at the discretion of Sandstorm.

In addition, the Amended Sandstorm Agreement provides that the Company recordedwill not be required to make any further refund of the Deposit if Entrée’s economic interest is reduced by up to and including 17%. If there is a reduction of greater than 17% up to and including 34%, the Amended Sandstorm Agreement provides the Company with the ability to refund a corresponding portion of the Deposit in cash or common shares of the Company or any combination of the two at the Company’s election, in which case there would be a further corresponding reduction in deliverable metal credits. If the Company elects to refund Sandstorm with common shares of the Company, the value of each common share shall be equal to the volume weighted average price for the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the 90th day after the reduction in Entrée’s economic interest. In no case will Sandstorm become a “control person” under the Amended Sandstorm Agreement. In the event an issuance of shares would cause Sandstorm to become a “control person”, the maximum number of shares will be issued, and with respect to the value of the remaining shares, 50% will not be refunded (and there will not be a corresponding reduction in deliverable metal credits) and the remaining 50% will be refunded by the issuance of shares in tranches over time, such that the number of shares that Sandstorm holds does not reach or exceed 20%. All shares will be priced in the context of the market at the time they are issued.

In the event of a full expropriation, the remainder of the Unearned Balance after the foregoing refunds must be returned in cash.

For accounting purposes, the Deposit is accounted for as deferred revenue on the statement of financial position and will recognize amounts in revenue as metal credits are delivered to Sandstorm, which are expected to be delivered until after 2020. As a nonmonetary item, the deferred revenue balance isoriginal Deposit was recorded at the historical basisamount of C$40,032,000 and40.0 million. As a result of the Amended Sandstorm Agreement, the deferred revenue amount was adjusted to reflect the $6.8 million Refund which was recorded at the foreign exchange amount at the date of the Refund resulting in a net balance of C$30.9 million. This amount is subject to foreign currency fluctuations upon conversion to USU.S. dollars at each reporting period.


The $6.8 million Refund was paid with $5.5 million in cash and the issuance of $1.3 million of common shares of the Company. On February 23,March 1, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend the 2013 Agreement (Note 18, Subsequent Events).


9.            COMMON STOCK

Share issuances

In March 2013, the Company completed a private placement with Sandstorm consisting of 17,857,142issued 5,128,604 common shares issuedto Sandstorm at a price of C$0.560.3496 per common share for gross proceeds of $9,722,897. Related share issuance costs were $86,636.

In May 2014,pursuant to the Agreement to Amend.

The Company has determined that the Deposit contains a significant financing component and, as such, the Company issued 250,000 shares at a fair value of $73,618 to acquire certain claims withinrecognized finance costs on the boundaries of its Ann Mason Project.


Duringdeferred revenue balances totaling $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015,2019 (2018 - $3.0 million).

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

13

Share capital

a)

Common shares

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of unlimited common shares without par value. At December 31, 2019, the Company had 175,470,074 (December 31, 2018 – 174,806,820) shares issued 346,532and outstanding.

b)

Net loss per common share

Net loss per common share information in these consolidated financial statements is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All share options and share purchase warrants outstanding at each period end have been excluded from the weighted average share calculation as they are anti-dilutive.

c)

Plan of arrangement

In May 2017, the Company completed thespin-out of its Ann Mason Project and Lordsburg property into Mason Resources through the Arrangement under Section 288 of the BCBCA (Note 5). As part of the Arrangement, Entrée shareholders received Mason Common Shares by way of a share exchange, pursuant to which each existing share of Entrée was exchanged for cashone “new” share of Entrée and 0.45 of a Mason Common Share. Optionholders and warrantholders of Entrée received replacement options and warrants of Entrée and options and warrants of Mason Resources which were proportionate to, and reflective of the terms of, their existing options and warrants of Entrée.

d)

Private placement

In January 2017, the Company closed anon-brokered private placement in two tranches issuing a total of 18,529,484 units at a price of C$0.41 per unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $41,135C$7.6 million. Each unit consisted of one common share of the Company andone-half of one transferable common share purchase warrant (a “Warrant”). Each whole Warrant entitled the holder to acquire one additional common share of the Company at a price of C$0.65 per share(pre-Arrangement price) for a period of 5 years. No commissions or finders’ fees were paid in connection with the private placement. Pursuant to the Arrangement, on May 23, 2017 each Warrant was exchanged for one replacement Entrée Warrant and 0.45 of a Mason Resources transferable common share purchase warrant with the same attributes as the original Warrants. The exercise price of the replacement Entrée Warrants was adjusted based on the exercise of stock options. The fairmarket value recorded when the options were granted of $26,532 has been transferred from additional paid-in capital to common stock on the exercise of the options.



171

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressedtwo companies after completion of the Arrangement resulting in United States dollars)
a ratio between Entrée and Mason Resources of 85% and 15%, respectively.

e)

Share options

9.            COMMON STOCK (cont'd...)

Stock options

The Company provides share-based compensation to its directors, officers, employees, and consultants through grants of share options.

The Company has adopted a stock option plan (the "Plan"“Plan”) to grant options to directors, officers, employees and consultants. Under the Plan, the Company may grant optionsconsultants to acquire up to 10% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company. Options granted can have a term of up to ten years and an exercise price typically not less than the Company'sCompany’s closing stockshare price on the Toronto Stock ExchangeTSX on the last trading day before the date of grant. Vesting is determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

The Company uses

Under the Black-ScholesPlan, an option pricing modelholder may elect to determinetransform an option, in whole or in part and, in lieu of receiving shares to which the fairterminated option relates (the “Designated Shares”), receive the number of shares, disregarding fractions, which, when multiplied by the weighted average trading price of the shares on the TSX during the five trading days immediately preceding the day of termination (the “Fair Value” per share) of the Designated Shares, has a total dollar value equal to the number of stock options granted. For employees,Designated Shares multiplied by the compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis overdifference between the requisite service period which approximatesFair Value and the vesting period. Compensation expense for stock options granted to non-employees is recognized overexercise price per share of the contract services period or, if none exists, from the date of grant until the options vest. Compensation associated with unvested options granted to non-employees is re-measured on each balance sheet date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

Designated Shares.

The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise, forfeiture and employee termination within the valuation model. The risk-free interest rate is based on a treasury instrument whose term is consistent with the expected term of the stockshare options. TheSince the Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock; therefore,shares, the expected dividend yield is assumed to be zero. Companies are required to utilize an estimated forfeiture rate when calculating the expense for the reporting period. Based on the best estimate, management applied the estimated forfeiture rate of Nilnil in determining the expense recorded in the accompanying Statements of OperationsComprehensive Loss.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and Comprehensive Loss.


Stockwhere indicated)

Share option transactions are summarized as follows:

                                                                        
    

Number of share  

options (000’s)  

  

Weighted average  

exercise price  

C$  

 

Outstanding – December 31, 2016*

   12,010      0.48   
 

Granted

   1,900      0.52   
 

Exercised

   (1,899)      0.32   
 

Cancelled

   (1,646)      0.75   
 

Forfeited/expired

   (1,190)      1.20   
   

Outstanding – December 31, 2017

   9,175      0.38   
 

Granted

   2,290      0.55   
 

Exercised

   (1,233)      0.40   
 

Cancelled

   (1,522)      0.41   
   

Outstanding – December 31, 2018

   8,710      0.42   
 

Granted

   2,290      0.37   
 

Exercised

   (663)      0.20   
 

Cancelled

   (347)      0.22   
 

Forfeited/expired

   (45)      0.54   
   

Outstanding – December 31, 2019

   9,945      0.43   
       
       
  Number of Options  Weighted Average Exercise Price (C$) 
Balance at December 31, 2012  9,223,000   1.98 
    Granted  7,560,000   0.47 
    Expired  (2,379,500)  1.80 
    Forfeited  (3,000)  1.25 
Balance at December 31, 2013  14,400,500   1.22 
    Granted  2,815,000   0.21 
    Expired  (2,811,500)  1.99 
    Forfeited  (625,000)  1.43 
Balance at December 31, 2014  13,779,000   0.85 
    Granted  1,670,000   0.34 
    Exercised  (346,532)  0.22 
    Cancelled  (163,468)  0.25 
    Expired  (1,472,500)  2.75 
    Forfeited  (258,500)  0.61 
Balance at December 31, 2015  13,208,000   0.60 
172

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)

9.            COMMON STOCK (cont'd...)

Stock

*The weighted average exercise price is before the exercise price adjustment applied pursuant to the Arrangement (Note 5). The exercise prices were adjusted such that the aggregate “in the money” amounts for the outstanding options (cont'd...)


The number of stock options exercisable at December 31, 2015 was 12,658,000.

remained the same before and after the Arrangement.

At December 31, 2015,2019, the following stockshare options were outstanding:

               
Number of
Options
  
Exercise
Price
(C$)
  Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(C$)
 Expiry Date Number of
Options
Exercisable
  Aggregate Intrinsic Value (C$) 
               
 200,000  3.47  - January 4, 2016  200,000   - 
 125,000  2.94  - March 8, 2016  125,000   - 
 150,000  2.05  - July 7, 2016  150,000   - 
 100,000  2.23  - July 15, 2016  100,000   - 
 1,533,000  1.25  - January 6, 2017  1,533,000   - 
 100,000  0.73  - June 18, 2017  100,000   - 
 4,480,000  0.56  - March 15, 2018  4,480,000   - 
 50,000  0.32  - April 9, 2018  50,000   - 
 150,000  0.34  - June 27, 2018  150,000   - 
 2,245,000  0.30  - December 19, 2018  2,245,000   - 
 2,405,000  0.21  192,400 December 22, 2019  2,405,000   192,400 
 100,000  0.38  - July 12, 2020  50,000   - 
 500,000  0.35  - November 15, 2020  -   - 
 1,070,000  0.33  - December 3, 2020  1,070,000   - 
                  
 13,208,000     192,400    12,658,000  $192,400 

The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total intrinsic value, based on the Company's closing stock price of C$0.29 per share as of December 31, 2015, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total number of in-the-money options vestedoutstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2015 was 2,405,000. The total intrinsic value of options exercised duringexercisable:

Number of share options (000’s)    

 

Exercise price per share  

C$  

 

  Expiry date  
 

1,300    

  0.28 – 0.32      July – Dec 2020  
 

2,210    

  0.33 – 0.36      Mar – Nov 2021  
 

1,880    

  0.52 – 0.62      May – Oct 2022  
 

2,265    

  0.55 – 0.63      Feb – Dec 2023  
 

2,290    

  0.365      Dec 2024  
   

9,945    

      

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2015 was $192,400 (December 31, 2014 - $Nil;2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

December 31, 2019  

Weighted average exercise price for exercisable options

C$0.43  

Weighted average share price for options exercised

C$0.41  

Weighted average years to expiry for exercisable options

3.09  

For the year ended December 31, 20132019, the total share-based compensation charges relating to 2,290,000 options granted to officers, employees, directors and consultants was $0.3 million (2018 - $Nil)$0.5 million; 2017 - $0.6 million).


Subsequent to December 31, 2015, 25,000 stock options with an exercise price

The weighted average fair value at date of C$0.30 and 35,000 stockgrant for the options with an exercise price of C$0.21 were exercised. 200,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$3.47 and 125,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$2.94 expired. 137,500 stock options with an exercise price of C$1.25, 410,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.56, 165,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.30 and 30,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.21 were forfeited.



173

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)

9.             COMMON STOCK (cont'd...)

Stock-based compensation

1,670,000 stock options were granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 with a fair value of $246,156 (December 31, 2014 - $251,390; December 31, 2013 - $1,421,371)2019 was C$0.20 (2018 – C$0.30; 2017 – C$0.24). Stock-based compensation recognized during the year ended December 31, 2015 was $197,375 (December 31, 2014 - $251,390; December 31, 2013 - $1,422,297) which has been recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as follows with corresponding additional paid-in capital recorded in stockholders' equity:
          
          
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2014
  
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
          
General and administration $175,541  $215,497  $1,127,621 
Exploration  21,834   35,893   294,676 
  $197,375  $251,390  $1,422,297 
The following weighted-averageweighted average assumptions were used for the Black-Scholes valuation of stockshare options granted:

                                                                                                                                 
    
    2019     2018     2017   
  

Risk-free interest rate

   1.62%      1.91%      1.62%   
  

Expected life of options (years)

   4.7      4.7      4.6   
  

Expected volatility

   65%      64%      72%   
  

Expected dividend

   0.00%      0.00%      0.00%   
          
          
          
  
December 31,
2015
  
December 31,
2014
  
December 31,
2013
 
          
Risk-free interest rate  0.77%  1.25%  1.30%
Expected life of options (years)  4.6   4.3   4.3 
Annualized volatility  75%  65%  75%
Dividend rate  0.00%  0.00%  0.00%
Fair value per option $0.15  $0.09  $0.19 
             

174

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

f)

Share purchase warrants

At December 31, 20152019, the following share purchase warrants were outstanding:

   

Number of share purchase warrants  

(000’s)  

  

Exercise price per share  

C$  

  Expiry date  

8,655  

  0.55    January 10, 2022  
 

610  

  0.55    January 12, 2022  
(Expressed

The share purchase warrants were all issued in United States dollars)

2017 and there has been no exercise or cancellation of these warrants as at December 31, 2019.    

The fair value per share purchase warrant issued during fiscal 2017 was determined to be C$0.37 using the following weighted average assumptions using the Black-Scholes option pricing model:

Share price

C$0.55  

Risk-free interest rate

1.01%  

Expected dividend

0.00%  

Expected life

5 years  

Expected volatility

72%  

10.           SEGMENT INFORMATION

g)

Bonus shares

In May 2017, the Company issued 100,000 common shares for no cash proceeds pursuant to a grant of employment inducement bonus shares.


Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

14

Segmented information

The Company operates in one business segment being the exploration and evaluation of mineral property interests.


Geographic information is as follows:

       
       
  
December 31,
2015
  
December 31,
2014
 
       
Identifiable assets      
    USA $38,323,231  $46,949,474 
    Canada  22,501,015   31,274,058 
    Other  838,239   1,466,966 
         
  $61,662,485  $79,690,498 
11.           INCOME TAXES

A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates with the reported taxes is as follows:
          
          
  Year Ended December 31, 2015  Year Ended December 31, 2014  Year Ended December 31, 2013 
          
Loss for the year before income taxes $(7,670,672) $(12,725,835) $(13,484,781)
Statutory rate  26.00%  26.00%  25.75%
Expected income tax recovery  (1,994,375)  (3,308,717)  (3,472,331)
Permanent differences and other  (44,676)  1,645,947   (78,811)
Difference in foreign tax rates  247,060   1,011,166   (366,039)
Effect of change in future tax rates  3,396,564   -   - 
Effect of dissolution of subsidiaries  6,338,818   (4,065,731)  - 
Change in valuation allowance  (7,783,000)  660,688   1,611,239 
Withholding taxes  -   -   243,186 
Total income tax expense (recovery) $160,391  $(4,056,647) $(2,062,756)
             
Current income tax expense (recovery)  218   (123,255)  319,112 
Deferred income tax expense (recovery)  160,173   (3,933,392)  (2,381,868)
Total income taxes $160,391  $(4,056,647) $(2,062,756)


175

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)
11.          INCOME TAXES (cont'd...)

The significant components of the Company's deferred income taxCompany’snon-current assets and liabilitiesgeographically are as follows:

                        
   
                     2019                      2018   
 

Canada

     
 

Property and equipment

            $299               $83   
 

Deposit and other

   10      12   
   
             $

 

 309  

 

 

 

            $

 

95  

 

 

 

 

Other

     
 

Property and equipment

            $17               $4   
 

Other assets

   114      199   
 

Deposit and other

   2      -   
   
             $

 

133  

 

 

 

            $

 

 203  

 

 

 

Other assets in the ‘Other’ category are related to the Company’s investment in the Entrée/Oyu Tolgoi JV Property in Mongolia (Note 8).

15

Exploration costs



       
       
       
  Year Ended December 31, 2015  Year Ended December 31, 2014 
       
Deferred income tax assets:      
Non-capital loss carry forward $13,085,490  $19,506,412 
Resource expenditures  4,610,549   7,259,556 
Equipment  131,337   152,063 
Share issue and legal costs  10,757   70,341 
Other  1,925,091   5,015,648 
   19,763,224   32,004,020 
Valuation allowance  (16,576,867)  (24,634,353)
Net deferred income tax assets $3,186,357  $7,369,667 
         
Deferred income tax liabilities:        
Foreign exchange on loan $(306,065) $(1,441,120)
Mineral property interests  (6,447,589)  (9,335,671)
Net deferred income tax liabilities $(6,753,654) $(10,776,791)
         
 Net deferred income tax liabilities $(3,567,297) $(3,407,124)


                                                            
    
                         2019     2018     2017   

Mongolia

      $161         $134         $181   
  

Other

   12      41      151   
       $173         $175         $332   

16

Income tax

                                                            
    
    2019     2018     2017   
  

Loss for the year before income taxes

        $(5,524)         $(5,198)         $(36,511)   
  

Statutory rate

   27.00%      27.00%      26.00%   
  

Expected income tax recovery

   (1,491)      (1,403)      (9,493)   
  

Permanent differences and other

   (1,277)      (8,163)      8,820   
  

Difference in foreign tax rates

   73      140      (640)   
  

Effect of change in future tax rates

   -      (805)      (433)   
  

Change in valuation allowance

   2,695      10,231      1,674   
    

Total income tax recovery

          $-         $-         $(72)   

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

                                                                              
    
    2019     2018     2017   
  

Current income tax recovery

          $ -             $-             $(72)   
  

Deferred income tax expense

   -      -      -   
    

Total income taxes

          $-             $-             $(72)   

The Company’s deferred income tax liability consisted of:

 

    
    2019     2018     2017   
  

Deferred income tax assets:

        
  

Non-capital loss carryforward

          $11,092             $9,140             $9,608   
  

Resource expenditures

   2,647      2,507      2,763   
  

Equipment

   272      239      193   
  

Share issue and legal costs

   15      22      31   
  

Other

   11,957      11,355      1,113   
    
   25,983     23,263     13,708   
  

Unrecognized tax assets

   (25,954)      (23,263)      (13,680)   
  

Net deferred income tax assets

   29      -      28   
  

Deferred income tax liabilities:

        
  

Foreign exchange on loan

   (29)      -      (28)   
    

Net deferred income tax liabilities

          $(29)             $-             $(28)   
  
           
    

Net deferred income tax

          $-             $-             $-   

The Company has available for deduction against future taxable incomenon-capital losses of approximately $26,790,000 (2014: $36,340,000)$38.2 million (2018: $31.7 million) in Canada, $660,000 (2014: $690,000) in China, $6,990,000 (2014: $7,160,000)$5.7 million (2018: $5.8 million) in Mongolia $14,880,000 (2014: $23,260,000)and $0.0 million (2018: $0.0 million) in the United States of America, $30,000 (2014: $Nil) in Australia and $580,000 (2014: $520,000) in Peru.Australia. These losses, if not utilized, will expire through 2035.2039. Subject to certain restrictions, the Company also has foreign resource expenditures available to reduce taxable income in future years. Deferred tax benefits which may arise as a result of these losses, resource expenditures, equipment, share issue and legal costs have not been recognized in these consolidated financial statements.


The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses. As of December 31, 2015, there was no accrued interest or accrued penalties.

The Company files income tax returns in Canada and several foreign jurisdictions. The Company's Canadian income tax returns from 2008 to 2015 are open. For other foreign jurisdictions, including Mongolia and the U.S., all years remain open.


176

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)

17

Financial instruments




12.         FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING

Fair value measurement is based on a

a)

Fair value classification of financial instruments

The fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describesestablishes three levels ofto classify the inputs that may beto valuation techniques used to measure fair value which are:


value. Level 1 — Quotedinputs are quoted prices that are available(unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Quotedinputs are other than quoted prices included in active markets for similar assetsLevel 1 that are observable.

observable for the asset or liability, either directly (prices) or indirectly (derived from prices). Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value offor the assets or liabilities.liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).


At

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had Level 12019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

The Company’s financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, with a fair value of $22,785,658.


13.          DISCLOSURES REGARDING FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company's financial instruments generally consist of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, deposits, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, loan payable and loans payable. Itlease liabilities.

The carrying values of receivables and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short terms to maturity. Cash and cash equivalents are measured at fair value using Level 1 inputs.

The following table summarizes the classification and carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31, 2019 and 2018:

                                                                                                                
December 31, 2019  FVTPL     

 

Amortized cost    
(financial    
assets)    

 

   

 

Amortized cost
(financial
liabilities)

 

   Total    
  

Financial assets

          
   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $5,380       $-       $-       $5,380     
  

Receivables

   -        26        -        26 
  

Deposits

   -        12        -        12 
     

Total financial assets

  $5,380       $38       $-       $5,418 

Financial liabilities

                       
   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $-       $-       $72       $72 
   

Lease liabilities

   -        -        304        304 
   

Loan payable

   -        -        9,035        9,035 
     

Total financial liabilities

  $-       $-       $9,411       $9,411 
        
December 31, 2018  FVTPL     

 

Amortized cost    
(financial    

assets)    

 

   

 

Amortized cost
(financial
liabilities)

 

   Total    
  

Financial assets

          
   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $6,154       $-       $-       $6,154 
   

Investments

   912        -        -        912 
  

Deposits

   -        12        -        12 
     

Total financial assets

  $7,066       $12       $-       $7,078 

Financial liabilities

                    
   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $-       $-       $346       $346 
   

Loan payable

   -        -        8,380        8,380 
     

Total financial liabilities

  $-       $-       $8,726       $8,726 

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

b)

Financial risk management

i)

Credit risk

The Company’s credit risk is management's opinion that theprimarily attributable to cash and cash equivalents and receivables.

The Company islimits its credit exposure on cash and cash equivalents held in bank accounts by holding its key transactional bank accounts and investments with large, highly rated financial institutions.

The Company’s receivables balance was not significant and, therefore, was not exposed to significant credit risk.

The carrying amount of financial assets recorded in the consolidated financial statements, net of any allowances for losses, represents the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk.

ii)

Liquidity risk

The Company manages liquidity risk by trying to maintain enough cash balances to ensure that it is able to meet its short term and long-term obligations as and when they fall due. Company-wide cash projections are managed centrally and regularly updated to reflect the dynamic nature of the business and fluctuations caused by commodity price and exchange rate movements.

The Company’s operating results may vary due to fluctuation in commodity price, inflation, foreign exchange rates and certain share prices.

iii)

Interest rate risk

The Company’s interest or credit risks arisingrate risk arises primarily from these financial instruments.the interest received on cash and cash equivalents and on loan payable which is at variable rates (Note 11).   As at December 31, 2019, with other variables unchanged, a 1% increase in the interest rate applicable to loan payable would result in an insignificant change in net loss. Deposits are invested on a short-term basis to enable adequate liquidity for payment of operational and exploration expenditures. The fair valueCompany does not believe that it is exposed to material interest rate risk on its cash and cash equivalents.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has not entered into any contracts to manage interest rate risk.

iv)

Foreign exchange risk

The functional currency of these financial instruments approximates their carrying values.


the parent company is C$. The functional currency of the significant subsidiaries and the reporting currency of the Company is the United States dollar.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has not entered into contracts to manage foreign exchange risk.

The Company is exposed to currencyforeign exchange risk by incurring certain expendituresthrough the following assets and liabilities:

    

 

December 31, 2019

 

  

 

December 31, 2018

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

  $5,380  $6,154 
 

Investments

   -   912 
 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   (72  (346
   $5,308  $6,720 

As at December 31, 2019, with other variables unchanged, a 10% increase or decrease in currencies other than the Canadian dollar. In addition, as certainvalue of the Company's consolidated subsidiaries' functional currency isUSD against the United States dollar,currencies to which the Company is normally exposed (C$) would result in an insignificant change in net loss.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to foreign currency translation risk. The Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce this currency risk.


14.          ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (OCI(L))

          
          
  Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  Year Ended
December 31,
2014
  Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
          
Accumulated OCI(L), beginning of period:         
Currency translation adjustment $(2,850,122) $465,615  $3,253,019 
             
OCL for the period:            
Currency translation adjustments $(4,928,225) $(3,315,737) $(2,787,404)
             
Accumulated OCI(L), end of period:            
Currency translation adjustment $(7,778,347) $(2,850,122) $465,615 
             



177

ENTRÉE GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2015
(Expressed in United States dollars)


15.SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

There were no significant non-cash transactions duringConsolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2015. 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

18

Capital management

The significant non-cash transactionCompany considers items included in shareholders’ deficiency as capital. The Company’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders.

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares annual expenditure budgets which are revised periodically based on the results of its exploration programs, availability of financing, and industry conditions. There are no external restrictions on management of capital.

19

Supplemental cash flow information

   

 

        Note      

 

  

 

 

 

 

            2019    

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

            2018  

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

            2017  

 

 

 

 

Non-cash investing activities

          
  

Acquisition of investments from the sale of asset

  6, 9          $-                 $1,000               $-   

20

Commitments and contingencies

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had the following commitments:

                Total   Less than 1
year
       1 - 3 years         3-5 years   More than 5  
years  
 
   

Lease commitments

  $339   $123   $216   $-   $-   

Under the terms of the Amended Sandstorm Agreement, the Company may be subject to a contingent liability if certain events occur (Note 12).

21

Related party transactions

The Company’s related parties include key management personnel and directors. Direct remuneration paid to the Company’s directors and key management personnel during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

      

 

                2019

 

     

 

                2018

 

   

 

                2017  

 

 
  

Directors’ fees

    $132     $142   $153   
  

Salaries and benefits

    $588     $1,143   $929   
  

Share-based compensation

    $321     $461   $410   

As of December 31, 2019, included in the accounts payable and accrued liabilities balance on the consolidated statement of financial position is $0.0 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.2 million) due to the Company’s directors and key management personnel.

Upon a change of control of the Company, amounts totaling $1.1 million (December 31, 2018 - $1.0 million) will become payable to certain officers and management personnel of the Company.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended December 31, 2019

(tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and where indicated)

Administrative Services Agreement

In May 2017, Mason Resources entered into an Administrative Services Agreement (“ASA”) with Entrée whereby Entrée provided office space, furnishings and equipment, communications facilities and personnel necessary for Mason Resources to fulfill its basicday-to-day head office and executive responsibilities on apro-rata cost-recovery basis. The total amount charged to Mason Resources for the year ended December 31, 2014 consisted of the issuance of 250,000 common shares (December 31, 20132018 was $0.7 million (2017 - Nil) in payment of mineral property acquisitions valued at $73,618 (December 31, 2013 - $Nil) which have been capitalized as mineral property interests.


16.           COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is committed to make lease payments for the rental of office space as follows:
 
 
 
 
2016247,906
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
201771,578
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 319,484
 
 
 
 
 
 

The Company incurred lease expense of $372,733 (December 31, 2014 – $399,906; December 31, 2013 - $393,707) for the year ended December 31, 2015.

In the event of a partial expropriation of the Company's economic interest, contractually or otherwise, in the Joint Venture Property, which is not reversed during the abeyance period provided for in the equity participation and funding agreement with Sandstorm, the Company will be required to return a pro rata portion of the Deposit (the amount of the repayment not to exceed the amount of the Unearned Balance) and the metal credits that the Company is required to deliver to Sandstorm will be reduced proportionately. In the event of a full expropriation, the full amount of the Unearned Balance must be returned with interest. On February 23, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend the 2013 Agreement (Note 18, Subsequent Events) which decreased the amount of Deposit that the Company would need to return in certain circumstances.

17.          TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

The Company did not enter into any$0.8 million). These transactions with related parties during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company paid consulting fees of $1,167 to an immediate family member of an executive officer of the Company. The transaction wasoccurred in the normal course of operationsbusiness and was measured atwere conducted on terms substantially similar to arm’s length transactions. Transactions with Mason Resources for goods and services were made on commercial terms through the exchange amount, which representedASA.

In December 2018, Mason Resources terminated the amountASA with Entrée and paid a termination charge of consideration established and agreed to$0.3 million as required by the related party. All services under the agreement have been provided.


18.          SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to December 31, 2015, 25,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.30 and 35,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.21 were exercised. 200,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$3.47 and 125,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$2.94 expired. 137,500 stock options with an exercise price of C$1.25, 410,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.56, 165,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.30 and 30,000 stock options with an exercise price of C$0.21 were forfeited.

On February 23, 2016, the Company and Sandstorm entered into an Agreement to Amend, which provides for a 17% reduction in the metal credits that the Company is required to sell and deliver to Sandstorm under the 2013 Agreement. In return, the Company refunded 17%terms of the Deposit by paying $5.5 million in cash and issuing $1.3 million of common shares (thereby reducing the Deposit to $33.2 million). The Agreement to Amend further provided that in the event the Company's economic interest in the Joint Venture Property is reduced by up to 34%, the additional 17% refund of the Deposit is not required to be made in cash. At closing, the parties entered into an Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement dated February 14, 2013, and amended March 1, 2016. On March 1, 2016, the Company issued 5,128,604 common shares to Sandstorm at a price of C$0.3496 per common share pursuant to the Agreement to Amend.ASA.


178

Item 19.  Exhibits
Exhibit Number
Name
 Item 19.

Exhibits

Exhibit Number  

Name

1.1Certificate of Incorporation July 19, 1995Continuation dated May  27, 2005 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB8-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004June 8, 2005 (SEC File No.: 0-50982)000-50982))
1.2MemorandumArticles of IncorporationEntrée Gold Inc. dated July 13, 1995May  23, 2005 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB8-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004June 8, 2005 (SEC File No.: 0-50982)000-50982))
1.3Articles of IncorporationEntrée Gold Inc. dated July 13, 1995May 23, 2005 and amended on June 27, 2013 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB6-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004July 8, 2013 (SEC File No.: 0-50982)001-32570))
1.4Form 19 - Special Resolution filed November 5, 1997Certificate of Name Change dated May  9, 2017 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB6-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004March 11, 2019 (SEC File No.: 0-50982)001-32570))
1.5Form 19 - Special Resolution filed February 5, 2001 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.62.1CertificateDescription of Name Change dated February 5, 2001 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on OctoberRegistrant’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
1.7Form 19 - Special Resolution filed October 9, 2002 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.8Certificate of Name Change dated October 9, 2002 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.9Letter regarding continuation to Yukon Territory (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.1Certificate of Continuance (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.11Articles of Continuance (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.12Bylaw No. 1 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
1.13Certificate of Amendment dated June 16, 2004 (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB filed with the SEC on October 12, 2004 (SEC File No.: 0-50982))
4.1Equity Participation andEarn-In Agreement dated October  15, 2004 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Ivanhoe Mines Ltd. (incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form10-SB/A filed with the SEC on December 10, 2004 (SEC File No.:0-50982))
4.2Amendment to Equity Participation andEarn-In Agreement dated November 2004 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Ivanhoe Mines Ltd. (incorporated by reference from our Annual Report on Form20-F for Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2016 (SEC File No.:001-32570))
4.3Amended and Restated Equity Participation and Funding Agreement dated February 14, 2013 and amended March  1, 2016 between Entrée Gold Inc. and Sandstorm Gold Ltd. (incorporated by reference from our Form6-K filed with the SEC on March  4, 2016 (SEC File No.:001-32570))
8.1List of Subsidiaries
12.1Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule13a-14(a)
12.2Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule13a-14(a)
13.1Certificate of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
13.2Certificate of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
15.1Consent of Davidson & Company LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants
15.2Consent of AGP Mining Consultants Inc.
Consent of OreWin Pty Ltd
99.4Consent ofWood Canada Limited, formerly known as Amec Foster Wheeler Americas Limited
99.5
15.3Consent of Robert Cinits
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

The Registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form20-F and has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sight this Annual Report on its behalf.

Entrée Gold Inc.

Entrée Resources Ltd.

By:

/s/ Stephen Scott

Name:

 
Name:

Stephen Scott

Title:

 
Title:
 Interim

Chief Executive Officer

Date:

 
Date:

March 30, 201616, 2020

163

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