A significant portion of our costs, primarily salary and other personnel related expenses, are incurred in NIS.NIS and, following the acquisition of Hivestack in December 2023, in Canadian Dollars as well. Inflation in Israel or in Canada may have the effect of increasing the U.S. dollar cost of our operations in Israel.Israel or in Canada, respectively. Further, sincewhenever the U.S. dollar declineddeclines in value in relation to the NIS or Canadian Dollar, it haswill become more expensive for us to fund our operations in Israel. AIsrael or in Canada, respectively. Based on our estimation, without an effective hedging, a revaluation of one percent of the NIS as compared to the U.S. dollar could impact our income before taxes by approximately $0.4 million, and a revaluation of one percent of the Canadian Dollar as compared to the U.S. dollar could impact our income before taxes by approximately $0.1 million. The exchange rate of the U.S. dollar to the NIS has been volatile in the past, decreasingdecreased by approximately 8%, 7%3% in 2021 and increased by 13% and 3% in 2019, 20202022 and 2021,2023, respectively. The exchange rate of the Canadian Dollar was also volatile during 2023 and ended the year substantially at same level as at the beginning of the year. As of December 31, 2021,2023, we had a foreign currency net liabilityasset of approximately $6.6$10.5 million (which number includes approximately $6.4$2.0 million in NIS denominated to the Rightright of Useuse liability relates to our offices in Israel), and our total foreign exchange loss was approximately $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.2023. To assist us in assessing whether, or not, and how to, hedge risks associated with fluctuations in currency exchange rates, we have contracted a consulting firm proficient in this area. We may incur losses from unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Although we have paid cash dividends in the past, ourwe have not adopted a policy regarding the distribution of dividends in the foreseeable future. Our current policy is to retain future earnings, if any, for funding growth and reducingas well as for our debt.plan for repurchase of our shares. If we do not pay dividends, long-term holders of our shares will generate a return on their investment only if the market price of our shares appreciates between the date of purchase and the date of sale of our shares.

Any future dividend distributions are subject to the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on various factors, including our operating results, future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, and tax implications of dividend distributions on our income, future prospects and any other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. The distribution of dividends is also limited by Israeli law, which permits the distribution of dividends by an Israeli corporation only out of its retained earnings as defined in Israel’s Companies Law, 5759-1999, or the Companies Law, provided that there is no reasonable concern that such payment will cause us to fail to meet our current and expected liabilities as they become due, or otherwise with the court’s approval. See Item 8.A “Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Policy on Dividend Distribution” for additional information regarding the payment of dividends.

As an Israeli public company, traded on Nasdaq, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses. We incur costs associated with our public company reporting requirements as well as costs associated with corporate governance and public disclosure requirements, including requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the Listing Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, regulations of the SEC, the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law that apply to dual listed companies (companies that are listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange Ltd. (“TASE”) and another recognized stock exchange located outside of Israel) and the provisions of the Israeli Companies Law 5759-1999 (the “Companies Law”) that apply to us. We have also contracted an internal auditor and a consultant for implementation of and compliance with the requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires an annual assessment by our management of our internal control over financial reporting of the effectiveness of these controls as of year-end. In connection with our efforts to comply with Section 404 and the other applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time, and we have hired, and may need to hire, additional accounting and financial staff to assure that we comply with these requirements. We are also required to have our independent registered public accounting firm issue an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline, and we may be subject to investigation or sanctions by the SEC. The additional management attention and costs relating to compliance with the foregoing requirements could adversely affect our financial results. See Item 5.A “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—General and Administrative Expenses” for a discussion of our increased expenses as a result of being a public company.

We are a foreign private issuer, as such term is defined under U.S. federal securities laws, and, therefore, we are not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements applicable to U.S. domestic issuers. If we lost our foreign private issuer status, we would be required to comply with the reporting and other requirements applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, which are more extensive than the requirements for foreign private issuers and more expensive to comply with.

In general, a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year in which (i) 75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income or (ii) 50% or more of the value of its assets (generally determined on an average quarterly basis) consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. For purposes of the above calculations, a non-U.S. corporation that owns (or is treated as owning for U.S. federal income tax purposes), directly or indirectly, at least 25% by value of the shares or equity interests of another corporation or partnership is treated as if it held its proportionate share of the assets of the other corporation and received directly its proportionate share of the income of the other corporation. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents, royalties and certain gains. Cash is generally a passive asset for these purposes. Goodwill isand other intangible assets are generally characterized as a non-passive or passive assetassets based on the nature of the income produced in the activity to which the goodwill relates.and other intangible assets relate.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. investor owns our ordinary shares, the U.S. investor could be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences. See “Taxation – U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations – Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules.”

In recent years, certain Israeli issuers listed on United States exchanges, including our Company, have been faced with governance-related demands from activist shareholders, as well as unsolicited tender offers and proxy contests. Although as a foreign private issuer we are not subject to U.S. proxy rules, responding to these types of actions by activist shareholders could be costly and time-consuming, disrupting our operations and diverting the attention of management and our employees. Such activities could interfere with our ability to execute our strategic plan. In addition, a proxy contest for the election of directors at our annual meeting would require us to incur significant legal fees and proxy solicitation expenses and require significant time and attention by management and our board of directors. The perceived uncertainties due to these potential actions of activist shareholders also could affect the market price and volatility of our securities.

We are incorporated under Israeli law. The rights and responsibilities of holders of our ordinary shares are governed by our memorandum of association, articles of association and by Israeli law. These rights and responsibilities differ in some respects from the rights and responsibilities of shareholders in typical U.S. corporations. In particular, a shareholder of an Israeli company has a duty to act in good faith in exercising his or her rights and fulfilling his or her obligations toward the company and other shareholders and to refrain from abusing his or her power in the company, including, among other things, in voting at the general meeting of shareholders on certain matters. Israeli law provides that these duties are applicable in shareholder votes at the general meeting with respect to, among other things, amendments to a company’s articles of association, increases in a company’s authorized share capital, mergers and actions and transactions involving interests of officers, directors or other interested parties which require shareholders’ approval. There is little case law available to assist in understanding the implications of these provisions that govern shareholder behavior.

As a foreign private issuer (as such term is defined in Rule 3b-4 under the Exchange Act), whose shares are listed on Nasdaq, we are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain requirements contained in the Nasdaq listing rules. We follow the requirements of the Companies Law in Israel, rather than comply with the Nasdaq requirements, in certain matters, including with respect to the quorum for shareholder meetings, sending annual reports to shareholders, and shareholder approval with respect to certain issuances of securities. See Item 16.G. “Corporate Governance” in this Annual Report on Form 20-F for a more complete discussion of the Nasdaq Listing Rules and the home country practices we follow. As a foreign private issuer listed on Nasdaq, we may also elect in the future to follow home country practice with regard to other matters as well. Accordingly, our shareholders may not be afforded the same protection as provided under Nasdaq’s corporate governance rules to shareholders of U.S. domestic companies.

Israeli corporate law regulates mergers, requires tender offers for acquisitions of shares above specified thresholds, requires special approvals for transactions involving directors, officers or significant shareholders and regulates other matters that may be relevant to these types of transactions. In addition, our articles of association contain provisions that may make it more difficult to acquire our Company, such as provisions establishing a staggered board. Furthermore, Israeli tax considerations may make potential transactions unappealing to us or to some of our shareholders. See Exhibit 2.1 to this annual report on Form 20-F, which is incorporated by reference into this annual report on Form 20-F, and Item 10.E. “Taxation—Israeli Taxation” for additional discussion about some anti-takeover effects of Israeli law.

These provisionsProvisions of Israeli law may delay, prevent or make difficult an acquisition of our Company, which could prevent a change of control and therefore depress the price of our shares.

We are required to meet the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Select and comply with the other Nasdaq rules, including those regarding minimum shareholders’ equity, minimum share price and certain other corporate governance requirements. Delisting of our ordinary shares from the Nasdaq Global Select would cause us to pursue eligibility for trading on other markets or exchanges, or on the pink sheets. In such case, our shareholders’ ability to trade, or obtain quotations of the market value of, our ordinary shares would be severely limited because of lower trading volumes and transaction delays. These factors could contribute to lower prices and larger spreads in the bid and ask prices for our securities. There can be no assurance that our ordinary shares, if delisted from the Nasdaq Global Select in the future, would be listed on a national securities exchange or quoted on a national quotation service, the OTCQB or OTC Pink. Delisting from the Nasdaq Global Select Market, or even the issuance of a notice of potential delisting, would also result in negative publicity, make it more difficult for us to raise additional capital, adversely affect the market liquidity of our ordinary shares, reduce security analysts’ coverage of us and diminish investor, supplier and employee confidence. In addition, as a consequence of any such delisting, our share price could be negatively affected and our shareholders would likely find it more difficult to sell, or to obtain accurate quotations as to the prices of, our ordinary shares.

Our ordinary shares are traded on both the Nasdaq Global Select Market and on TASE. Trading in our ordinary shares on these markets is effected in different currencies (U.S. dollars on Nasdaq and NIS on TASE) and at different times (resulting from different time zones, different trading days per week and different public holidays in the United States and Israel). Consequently, the trading prices of our ordinary shares on these two markets often differ, resulting from the factors described above as well as differences in exchange rates and from political events and economic conditions in the United States and Israel. Any decrease in the trading price of our ordinary shares on one of these markets could cause a decrease in the trading price of our ordinary shares on the other market.

While we generally perform cybersecurity diligence on our key service providers, because weWe do not control our third-party service providers, suppliers and vendors, and because our ability to monitor their cybersecurity is limited, we cannot ensure the cybersecurity measures they take will be sufficient to protect any information we share with them. Due to applicable laws and regulations or contractual obligations, we may be held responsible for business interruptions, data breaches, cyber-attacks or other similar incidents attributed to our service providerssuch third parties as they relate to the information we share with them. In addition, if we suffer a highly publicized business interruption, data breach, cyber-attack or other similar incident, even if our platforms and solutions perform effectively, such an incident could have an adverse effect and cause us to suffer reputational harm, lose existing commercial relationships and customers or deter existing customers from purchasing additional solutions and prevent new customers from purchasing our solutions.

We cannot ensure that any limitationsindemnification or limitation of liability provisions in our agreements with customers, service providers, suppliers, vendors and other third parties with which we do business would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim in connection with a business interruption, data breach, cyber-attack or other similar incident. Additionally, we cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for cybersecurity liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that our insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.

Our business relies on delivering positive results to our advertisers and their consumers.consumers. We are exposed to the risk of fraudulent, suspicious or suspiciousother invalid traffic, impressions, clicks, conversions, or conversionsother ad engagements that advertisers may perceive as undesirable. Such fraudulent, suspicious or other invalid activities may occur when a software program, known as a bot, spider or crawler, intentionally simulates user activity causing impressions, ad engagements or clicks to be counted as real users. Such malicious software programs can run on single machines or on tens of thousands of machines, making them difficult to detect and filter.

To keep pace with technological developments, satisfy increasing developer requirements, maintain the attractiveness and competitiveness of our advertising solutions and ensure compatibility with evolving industry standards, we will need to regularly enhance our platform and solutions as well as develop and introduce new services on a timely basis. We also must update our software to reflect changes in advertising networks’ application programming interfaces (“APIs”), technological integration, cybersecurity and terms of use. The success of any enhancement or new solution depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing, appropriate introduction and market acceptance. Our inability, for technological, business or other reasons, to timely enhance, develop, introduce and deliver compelling advertising services in response to changing market conditions and technologies or evolving expectations of advertisers or consumers could hurt our ability to grow our advertising business.

Our software and advertising products may contain undetected errors, failures or defects, especially when the products are first introduced or when new versions are released. Our customers’ computer and other device environments are often characterized by a wide variety of standard and non-standard configurations that make pre-release testing for programming or compatibility errors very difficult and time-consuming. As a result, there could be errors failures or failuresdefects in our products. In addition, despite testing, by us and beta testing by some of our users, errors, failures or bugsdefects may not be found in our products and new products or releases until after commencementversions of commercial sales and distribution.our products. In the past, we have discovered software errors, failures and defects in certain of our product offerings after their full introduction and have experienced delayed or lost revenue during the period required to correct these errors.errors, failures and defects.

Errors, failures or defects in our products released by us could result in negative publicity, product returns, make-goods, refunds, loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products, loss of competitive position or claims by customers. Alleviating any of these problems could require significant expense and resources and could cause interruptions to our products.

For example, weWe collect, use, maintain and otherwise process certain data, including personal data, about our customers (including, without limitation, customers’ clients or users), partners, candidates and employees, consultants, leads and consumers. Our ability to collect, use, maintain or otherwise process personal data has been, and could be further, restricted by existing and new laws and regulations relating to data protection, data privacy and data collection and protection,cybersecurity,  including the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (the “GDPR”), the U.K.’s General Data Protection Regulation (“U.K. GDPR”), the rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”), the CCPA, the Israeli Privacy Protection Law, 1981 and the regulations thereunder (“Israeli Privacy Law”), Canada’s federal Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (the “PIPEDA”),  the Quebec Privacy Act and other laws such as Quebec’s new Privacy Legislation Modernization Act (“Quebec’s Law 25” and together with thePIPEDA and the Quebec Privacy Act, “Canadian Privacy Law”) and the EU ePrivacy Directive (“ePD”). These laws and regulations generally define personal data to include location data and online identifiers, which are commonly used and collected parameters in digital advertising and, among other things, impose stringent user consent requirements and permit data subjects to request that we discontinue using certain data. In addition, some countries are considering or have enacted legislation requiring local storage and processing of data that could increase the cost and complexity of delivering our services.

In the European UnionEconomic Area (“EU”EEA”). The, the U.K. and Canada, we are subject to the GDPR, has an even wider territorial scopethe U.K. GDPR and contains significant penalties for non-compliance. The GDPR,Canadian Privacy Law, which, among other things, imposesimpose requirements to provide detailed and transparent disclosures about how personal data is collected and processed, grantsgrant rights for data subjects to access, delete or object to the processing of their personal data, providesprovide for a mandatory breach notification to supervisory authorities (and in certain cases, affected individuals) of certain data breaches, setsset limitations on the retention of personal data and outlinesoutline significant documentary requirements to demonstrate compliance through policies, procedures, training and audits. To further complicate matters in Europe, to date, supervisory authorities inIn the member states have some flexibility when implementing European DirectivesEEA and certain aspects of the GDPR, which can lead to diverging national rules. European supervisory authorities have been very active in terms of enforcing data protection rules, including with respect to cookie-related matters.

In Canada, the data privacy landscape is made up of different provincial data privacy laws (including the Quebec Privacy Act and Quebec’s Law 25), Canadian federal data privacy laws as well as sector-specific data privacy laws. On September 22, 2021, Quebec passed Quebec’s Law 25 overhauling the U.K.’s General Data Protection Regulation (“U.K. GDPR”) (combiningQuebec Privacy Act. Quebec’s Law 25 imposes strict controller requirements, such as privacy policies; enhanced consent requirements when collecting, using or disclosing personal data; risk assessments and data breach notification. Quebec’s Law 25 also granted individuals certain data privacy rights including a right to erasure, right to restrict processing and, as of September 22, 2024, a right to data portability. Also under Quebec’s Law 25, organizations must provide, by default, the GDPR andparameters ensuring the UK’s Data Protection Acthighest level of 2018), which exposes usconfidentiality of a technological product or service offered to two parallel regimes, each of which authorizes similar fines and may subject usthe public. Canadian Privacy Law applies not only to increased compliance risk based on differing, and potentially inconsistent or conflicting, interpretation and enforcement by regulators and authorities (particularly, if the laws are amended in the future in divergent ways). With respectthird-party transactions, but also to transfers of information between us and our subsidiaries, and under Quebec’s Law 25, personal data from the European Economic Area (“EEA”), on June 28, 2021, the European Commission issued an adequacy decision in respect of the U.K.’swould include employee information. Failure to comply with Canadian Privacy Law and other data protection framework, enablingprivacy laws within Canada may expose us to administrative fines, litigation or enforcement actions brought by data transfers from EU member states to the U.K. to continue without requiring organizations to put in place contractual or other measures in order to lawfully transfer personalsubjects and regulatory authorities, class actions and even punitive damages. Canadian federal data between the territories. While it is intended to last for at least four years, the European Commission may unilaterally revoke the adequacy decision at any point, and if this occurs, it could lead to additional costs and increase our overall risk exposure. Additionally, the European Commissionprivacy law is currently re-examining its Decision 2011/61/EU regarding the adequacy of Israeli law, in light of the GDPRbeing overhauled and developments in Israeliwe expect that data privacy legislation which could result in revoking Israel’s adequacy status for purposes of transfers of personal data from the EEAacross Canada will continue to Israel. The outcome of this examination may also affect the U.K.’s approach on the adequacy of Israeli law with respect to the U.K. GDPR, which could require us to further review and amend the lawful mechanisms by which we make and/or receive personal data transfers from the U.K. It is unclear how U.K. data protection laws or regulations will developevolve in the medium to longer term.coming months and years.

Four US states (Vermont, California, Texas, and Oregon) have enacted data broker laws and regulations imposing certain requirements on data brokers, including, without limitation, requirements relating to registration, consent, disclosure, and/or cybersecurity. In recent years, there has also been an increase in attention to and regulation of privacy and data collection and protection across the globe, including in the United States with the increasingly active approach ofaddition, the FTC has increasingly issued orders restricting data brokers from selling certain location data obtained by tracking individuals’ mobile devices. Other countries and jurisdictions have enacted and may further enact similar or related laws or regulations, and/or their authorities may reach similar decisions. These laws, regulations and decisions could impact our services, business operations, practices, products, or our ability to enforcing data privacy under the Section 5 of the FTC Act pursuantreceive information necessary to the “Unfair and Deceptive Acts and Practices” framework. Similar to the GDPR, the CCPA, and eventually the CPRA, VCDPA, CPA, and other legal and regulatory changes, will require us to devote resources and incur additional costs associated with compliance, as well as impose additional restrictions onconduct our and our partners’ operations.business.

In addition,Israel, failure to comply with the Israeli Privacy Protection Law, 1981 and its regulations, as well as the guidelines of the Israeli Privacy Protection Authority, may expose us to administrative fines, civil claims (including class actions) and, in certain cases, criminal liability. Current pending legislation may result in a changeliability (including imprisonment of our officers). An amendment to the currentIsraeli Privacy Law is pending and, if enacted, is expected to enhance fines and sanctions for breaching the Israeli Privacy Law and to strengthen the enforcement measures and sanctions.capacity of the Israeli Privacy Protection Authority. There have also been data privacy billslaws and regulations enacted in other countries around the world, such as Brazil, which have introduced new or expanded existing data privacy requirements and we expect that data privacy legislation and regulation will continue to evolve in the coming years. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether and how such existing and forthcoming laws and regulations will apply to and impact the internet and our business.

The uncertainty created by these laws and regulations can be compounded when services hosted in one jurisdiction are directed at users in another jurisdiction. For instance, certain data protection and data privacy laws (including the GDPR and Canadian Privacy Law) have an extra-territorial scope causing such laws to potentially govern activities conducted by organizations established in jurisdictions outside of, in the case of the GDPR, the EEA and, in the case of PIPEDA and Quebec’s Law 25, Canada and Quebec, respectively. These laws contain significant penalties for non-compliance. Additionally, under the GDPR, supervisory authorities in the EU member states have some flexibility when implementing European Directives and certain aspects of the GDPR, which can lead to diverging national rules. In addition, following the withdrawal of the U.K. from the EU, we are subject to the U.K. GDPR. While the U.K. GDPR current imposes substantially the same obligations as the GDPR, the U.K. GDPR will not automatically incorporate changes to the GDPR going forward (which would need to be specifically incorporated by the U.K. government). Moreover, the U.K. government has publicly announced plans to reform the U.K. GDPR in ways that, if formalized, are likely to deviate from the GDPR, all of which exposes us to two parallel regimes (GDPR and U.K. GDPR), each of which authorizes similar fines and may subject us to increased compliance risk based on differing, and potentially inconsistent or perceived failureconflicting, interpretation and enforcement by regulators and authorities (particularly, if the laws are amended in the future in divergent ways).

Where we transfer personal data outside the EEA or the U.K. to a country that is not deemed to be “adequate,” we rely on transfer mechanisms available under the relevant laws and regulations, and the efficacy and longevity of such mechanisms remains uncertain. In some jurisdictions like the EU, U.K., Canada and Israel, the law and guidance on data transfers is rapidly developing and recent developments will require us to review and may require us to amend or supplement the legal mechanisms by which we make and/or receive personal data transfers. Additional costs may need to be incurred in order to implement necessary safeguards to comply with the GDPR and the U.K. GDPR and potential new rules and restrictions on cross-border transfers of personal data could increase the cost and complexity of conducting business in some markets. If our public privacy policies and practices, or those of third parties who process personal data on our behalf, are, or are perceived to be, insufficient, or if individuals have concerns regarding the transfer of personal data from the EEA or the U.K. to the U.S., we could be subject to enforcement actions or investigations by individual EU or U.K. data protection authorities or lawsuits by private parties.

European supervisory authorities have also been very active in terms of enforcing data protection rules.  EU national laws that implement the ePD, which concerns the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector, may be replaced by an EU regulation, known as the ePrivacy Regulation, which may alter rules on cookies and other public statements abouttracking technologies, impose burdensome requirements surrounding obtaining consent and significantly increase fines for non-compliance. While the text of the ePrivacy Regulation is still under development, a recent European court decision, a regulator’s recent guidance, and recent campaigns by a not-for-profit organization are driving increased attention to cookies and other tracking technologies under existing law. Increased regulation of cookies and similar technologies in the EEA and the U.K., in addition to certain other jurisdictions such as Canada and the U.S., and any decline of cookies or similar online tracking technologies as a means to identify and potentially target individuals, may lead to broader restrictions and impairments on our business activities and negatively impact our efforts to understand users. Industry participants in the advertising technology ecosystem have taken or may take action to eliminate or restrict the use of cookies and other identifiers. Google has announced plans to fully eliminate support for third-party cookies in the Chrome browser in 2024, and Apple has already implemented further restrictions on the use of mobile identifiers on its devices. Such changes require us to take adaptive measures, which may include substantial development and commercial changes. While we are taking measures to shift away from third-party cookies-based solutions, by using our proprietary cookieless solution, SORT®, which enables advertisers to reach their audience in real time without storing any personally identifiable data, we still rely on third-party cookies-based solutions. If regulators start to enforce an increasingly strict approach, this could lead to substantial costs, require significant systems changes, limit the effectiveness of our solutions and services, divert the attention of our personnel, adversely affect our business, and subject us to additional liabilities.

The increase in attention to and regulation of data protection, data privacy and cybersecurity could potentially subjectacross the globe in recent years will require us to regulatory investigations, enforcement or legal actions,further devote resources and harm toincur additional costs associated with compliance, as well as impose additional restrictions on our reputation and if such policies or statements are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of our actual practices, fines, monetary or other penalties, and other damage to our business and results and results ofpartners’ operations.

In November 2022, the EU’s Digital Services Act (the “DSA”) came into force in the EEA, and the majority of its substantive provisions took effect on February 17, 2024. The DSA imposes new content moderation obligations, notice obligations, advertising restrictions and other requirements on online intermediaries and platforms, including providers of intermediary services, hosting services and social media services. Additionally, the DSA may indirectly impact additional players in the advertising technology industry by subjecting them to the DSA’s transparency requirements concerning online advertising. Although we do not expect the DSA to have a material impact on our operations, there could be indirect consequences that adversely affect the advertising technology industry and our business.

Any  failure or perceived failure to comply with suchthe foregoing laws and regulations could result in negative publicity, increase our operating costs, require significant management time and attention and subject us to inquiries or investigations, litigation (including class actions), claims, or other remedies, including penalties, fines, sanctions and criminal and civil liabilities, or demands or orders that we modify or cease existing business practices, each of which could materially adversely affect our operating results and our business. Further, any failure or perceived failure to comply with our public privacy policies and other public statements about privacy and cybersecurity could potentially subject us to regulatory investigations, enforcement or legal actions, and harm to our reputation and, if such policies or statements are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of our actual practices, fines, monetary or other penalties, and other damage to our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, concerns about our collection, use, sharing, handlingmaintenance and other processing of personal data or other privacy relateddata protection-, data privacy- or cybersecurity-related matters, even if unfounded, could harm our reputation and operating results. For more information regarding government regulations to which we are subject, see Item 4.B. “Business Overview— Government Regulation.”

While in some states we are subject to sales tax, in general, the digital advertising business has not traditionally paid sales tax. However, a successful assertion by one or more cities, states or countries that digital advertising services should be subject to such taxes or that we are not providing digital advertising services, but other services and should collect sales, use, or other taxes on the sale of our services, or that we have failed to do so where required in the past, could result in a decrease in future sales and/or substantial tax liabilities for past sales. Each state and country has different rules and regulations governing sales, use, and other taxes, and these rules and regulations are subject to varying interpretations that may change over time.

Following a US Supreme Court decision regarding the rights of individual states to tax out of stateout-of-state suppliers, certain states have adapted their statutes to expand taxation on out-of-state suppliers of goods and services. Some states are also pursuing legislative expansion of the scope of goods and services that are subject to sales and similar taxes as well as the circumstances in which a vendor of goods and services must collect such taxes. Furthermore, legislative proposals have been introduced in Congress that would provide states with additional authority to impose such taxes. Accordingly, it is possible that either federal or state legislative changes may require us to collect additional sales and similar taxes from our clients in the future which could impact our future sales, and therefore could result in a material adverse effect on our revenue.

We have entered into non-competition and non-solicitation agreements with many of our employees and vendors. These agreements prohibit our employees and vendors, if they terminate their relationship with us, from competing directly with us, working for our competitors, or soliciting current employees away from us for a limited period. Under current Israeli, U.S., U.K. and Ukrainian law, and French law,further under proposed legislation such as Senate Bill S3100A in new York, we may be unable to enforce these agreements, in whole or in part, and it may be difficult for us to restrict our competitors from gaining the expertise that our former employees gained while working for us. For example, Israeli courts have required employers seeking to enforce non-compete undertakings of a former employee to demonstrate that the competitive activities of the former employee will harm one of a limited number of material interests of the employer which have been recognized by the courts, such as the secrecy of a company’s confidential commercial information or its intellectual property. If we cannot demonstrate that harm would be caused to us, we may be unable to prevent our competitors from benefiting from the expertise of our former employees.

We regard the protection of our proprietary information, and technology and other intellectual property as critical to our success. We strive to protect our intellectual property rights by relying on contractual restrictions, trade secret, lawtrademark, copyright and patent laws and other common law rights, as well as federal and international intellectual property registrations and the laws on which these registrations are based. However, the technology we use and incorporate into our offerings may not be adequately protected by these means.

We generally enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and contractors, and confidentiality agreements with parties with whom we conduct business, in order to limit access to, and the disclosure and use of, our proprietary information.information, technology and other intellectual property. However, we may not be successful in executing these agreements with every party who has access to our confidential information or contributes to the development of our intellectual property. In addition, those agreements that we do execute may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. Further, these contractual arrangements and the other steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property maywould not prevent the misappropriation of our intellectual property and/or trade secrets, or deter independent development of similar intellectual property by others.

Given the competitive and technology-driven nature of the digital advertising industry, companies within our industry often design and use similar products and services, which may lead to claims of third-party intellectual property misappropriation, infringement, or other violation and potentiallysubsequent litigation. We have been, and in the future may be, the subject of claims that our solutions and underlying technology misappropriate, infringe or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others. Regardless of whether such claims have any merit, these claimsthey are time-consuming and costly to evaluate and defend, and the outcome of any litigation is inherently uncertain. Our business may suffer if we are unable to resolve claims of third-party intellectual property misappropriation infringement or misappropriation claimsother violation without major financial expenditures or adverse consequences.

If it appears necessary or desirable, weWe may seek to obtain licenses to usethird-party intellectual property rights that we desire to use but are allegedly misappropriating, infringing or otherwise violating or may misappropriate, infringe or desire to use.otherwise violate without such licenses. Although holders of these types of intellectual property rights often offer these licenses, we cannot assure youprovide any assurances that such licenses will be offered on acceptable terms or that the terms of any offered licenses will be acceptable to us.at all. Our failure to obtain a license for key intellectual property rights such as these from a third partythird-party for technology, or content, sound, or graphic used by usgraphics we use could cause us to incur substantial liabilities andor to suspend the development andor sale of our products. Alternatively, we could be required to expend significant resources to re-designredesign our products or develop non-infringing technology.technology, content, sound, or graphics. If we are unable to re-designredesign our products or develop non-infringing technology, content, sound, or graphics, our revenue could decrease and we may not be able to execute our business strategy.

We may also become involved in litigation in connection with the brand namebrand-name rights associated with our Company name or the names of our products. We do not know whether others will assertThird parties may claim that our Company name, our brand names, or any of our brands name infringe(s)product names infringe their trademark rights. In addition, names we choose for our products may be alleged to infringe names held by others. If we have to change the name of our Company or any of our brands or products, we may experience a loss in goodwill associated with our brandsuch name, customer confusion andor a loss of sales. Any lawsuit involving such name, regardless of its merit, would likely be time-consuming, expensive to resolve, and require additional managementdivert our management’s time and attention.

A significant portion of our intellectual property has been developed by our employees in the course of their employment for us. Under the Israeli Patent Law, 5727-1967 or the(the “Israeli Patent Law,Law”), inventions conceived by an employee in the course and as a result of, or arising from, his or her employment with a company are regarded as “service inventions,” which belong to the employer, absent a specific agreement between the employee and employer giving the employee service invention rights. The Israeli Patent Law also provides that if there is no such agreement between an employer and an employee, the Israeli Compensation and Royalties Committee or the Committee,(the “Israeli Royalties Committee”), a body constituted under the Israeli Patent Law, shall determine whether the employee is entitled to remuneration for his or her inventions. Case law clarifies thatAn employee may waive the right to receive considerationremuneration for “service inventions” can be waived by the employee and case law has held that in certain circumstances, such waiver does not necessarily have to be explicit. The Israeli Royalties Committee will examine, on a case-by-case basis, the general contractual framework between the parties using interpretation rules of thein accordance with general Israeli contract laws.law. Further, the Committee has not yet determined onethere is no specific formula for calculating this remuneration (but rather uses the criteria specifiedremuneration. Under Canadian law, employees benefit from a presumption that they are entitled to ownership of a patent of any invention they created in the Patent Law).course of their employment unless there is an express contract to the contrary or the employer can prove that the employee was employed for the express purpose of inventing. Although we generally enter into assignment-of-inventioninvention assignment agreements with our employees pursuant to which such individuals assign to us all rights to any inventions created in the scope of their employment or engagement with us, we may still face claims demanding remuneration in consideration for assignedsuch inventions. As a consequence of such claims, we could be required to pay additional remuneration or royalties to our current and/or former employees, or be forced to litigate such claims, which could negatively affect our business.

Certain of our products contain open sourceopen-source code, and we may use more open sourceopen-source code in the future. In addition, certain third partythird-party software that we embedembedded in our products contains open sourceopen-source code. Open sourceOpen-source code is computer code that is covered by a license agreement that permits the user to liberally use, copy, modify and distribute the software without cost, provided that such users and modifiers abide by certain licensing requirements. The original developers of the open sourceopen-source code provide no warranties on such code.

As a result of theour use of open sourceopen-source software, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what they believe to be their proprietary code or we may incur expenses in defending claims alleging non-compliance with, or seeking to enforce, certain open sourceopen-source code license terms. In addition, third party licensors do not provide intellectual property protection with respect to the open source components of their products, and we may be unable to be indemnified by such third-party licensors in the event that we or our customers are held liable in respect of the open source software contained in such third party software. If we are not successful in defending against any such claims that may arise, we may be subject to injunctions and/or monetary damages or be required to purchase a costly license or re-engineer our software products to remove the open sourceopen-source code from our products.products, which may be a costly and time-consuming process, and we may not be able to complete such re-engineering process successfully. Such events could disrupt our operations and the sales of our products, which would negatively impact our revenue and cash flow.

Moreover, under certain conditions, the use of open source code to create derivative codewe may obligate usbe obligated to make the resulting derivative works of open-source code available to others at no cost. The circumstances under which our use of open sourceopen-source code would compel us to offer derivative code at no cost are subject to varying interpretations. If we are required to publicly disclose the source code for such derivative products or to license our derivative products that use an open sourceopen-source code license, our previously proprietary software products may be made available to others withoutat no charge. If this happens,As a result, our customers and our competitors may have access to our products withoutat no cost to them which could harm our business. Certain open sourceopen-source code licenses require, as a condition to use, modificationmodify and/or distribution ofdistribute such open sourceopen-source code, that proprietary software incorporated into, derived from or distributed with such open sourceopen-source code be disclosed or distributed in source codesource-code form, be licensed for the purpose of making derivative works, or be redistributable at no charge. The foregoing requirements may under certain conditions be interpreted to apply to our software, depending upon the use of the open sourceopen-source code and the interpretation of the applicable open sourceopen-source code licenses.

Our revenue havehas been concentrated within the North AmericanU.S. market, accounting for approximately 89%86% of our revenue for 2021.in 2023. A significant reduction in the revenue generated in such market, whether as a result of a recession that causes a reduction in advertising expenditures generally or otherwise, which causesother circumstances that cause a decrease in our North AmericanU.S. revenue could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.  Recent fluctuations in prevailing interest rates due to higher-than-average inflation materially increase the likelihood of such circumstances and present significant potential challenges to our U.S. business.

We operate in a global market and are subject to tax in Israel and other jurisdictions. Our tax expenses may be affected by changes in tax laws, international tax treaties, international tax guidelines (such as the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting project of the OECD’s Inclusive Framework (“BEPS”)).

The members of the OECD’s Inclusive Framework on BEPS has recently madehave agreed in October 2021 on certain recommendations, informally known as BEPS 2.0 or Pillar Two, which aim to modify international taxation norms with respectthe introduction of a 15% minimum tax applicable to in-scope multinational enterprises (with revenue in excess of Euro 750 million). The UK and the EU member countries as well as additional countries have already enacted legislation to implement the recommendations which have come into effect in 2024. Israel has agreed in principle to the adoption of the global minimum tax rate, however, it has not yet announced any proposed legislation for its implementation. Our effective tax rate and cash tax payments could increase in future years as a result of these changes. Further, the OECD’s Inclusive Framework on BEPS known as Pillar One is progressing. This framework deals with the allocation of taxing rights with respect to multinational enterprises with revenue in excess of Euro 20 billion and introductionprofitability of minimum taxation,more than 10%, focusing mostly on the digital economy. Currently, thereeconomy, such as the proposed multilateral convention that was published in October 2023 and is uncertainty asexpected to what modifications will be madesigned in these recommendations and how they willJune 2024.  While we are not subject to the foregoing, we could be implemented.indirectly impacted.

Certain of these changes could have a negative impact on our results of operations and business. The impact of these changes is uncertain and may not become evident for some period of time. The uncertainty surrounding the effect of the reforms on our financial results and business could also weaken confidence among investors in our financial condition. This could, in turn, have a materially adverse effect on the price of our ordinary shares. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effect of these changes to the U.S. federal tax laws on an investment in our shares.

A large portion of our operations are performed from outside the United States. In addition, we derive and expect to continue to derive a portion of our revenue from users outside the United States. Our international operations and sales are subject to a number of inherent risks, including risks with respect to:

Our principal executive officesWe are incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel, where we also maintain our headquarters. A significant portion of our research and development activities and other significant operations are located in Israel. In addition, a numberIsrael, and most of our officers and directors are residents of Israel. Accordingly,As a result, political, economic and military conditions inaffecting Israel directly influence us. Any major hostilities involving Israel, a full or partial mobilization of the reserve forces of the Israeli army, the interruption or curtailment of trade or air traffic between Israel and its trading partners, or a significant downturn in the surrounding region may directlyeconomic or financial condition of Israel could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its neighboring countries, as well as terrorist acts committed within Israel by hostile elements. Any hostilities involving Israelgroups or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its trading partners could adversely affect our operations and results of operations. In December 2008 and January 2009 there was an escalationindividuals. Escalation in violence among Israel, Hamas, the Palestinian Authority and other groups, as well as extensive hostilities along Israel’s border with the Gaza Strip whichhave resulted in missiles being fired from the Gaza Strip into Southern Israel. Similar hostilities accompanied by missiles being fired from the Gaza Strip into Southern Israel as well at areas more centrally located near Tel Aviv and at areas surrounding Jerusalem, occurred during November 2012 and July through August 2014. These conflicts involved missile strikes against civilian targets in various parts of Israel, including areas in which our employees and some of our consultants are located, and negatively affected business conditions in Israel. Sincetimes. Additionally, since April 2011, internal conflict in Syria has escalated, and chemical weapons have been used in the region. Foreign actorsConflicts in the Middle East, including in Egypt and Syria which countries border Israel, have resulted in continued political uncertainty and continue to interveneviolence in Syria.the region. This instability and any intervention may lead to deterioration of the political and economic relationships that exist between the State of Israel and some of the countries in the region, and may have the potential for additional conflicts in the region. In addition, Iran has threatened to attack Israel and may be developing nuclear weapons. Iran also has a strong influence among extremist groups in the region, including Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon and various rebel militia groups in Syria. Furthermore, in early January 2020, certain events contributed to an increase in hostilitiesamid the increased hostility between the United States and Iran, and as a result Iran issued multiple public statements threatening to attack Israel and the United States. These situations have escalated at various points in recent years and may escalate in the future to more violent events, which may affect Israel and us. Any armed conflicts, terrorist activities or political instability in the region could adversely affect business conditions and could harm our results of operations and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Parties with whom we do business have sometimes declined to travel to Israel during periods of heightened unrest or tension, forcing us to make alternative arrangements when necessary in order to meet our business partners face to face. In addition, the political and security situation in Israel may result in parties with whom we have agreements involving performance in Israel claiming that they are not obligated to perform their commitments under those agreements pursuant to force majeure provisions in such agreements.

Finally, political conditions within Israel may affect our operations. Israel has held five general elections between 2019 and 2022, and prior to October 2023, the Israeli government pursued extensive changes to Israel’s judicial system, which sparked extensive political debate and unrest. In response to such initiative, many individuals, organizations and institutions, both within and outside of Israel, voiced concerns that the proposed changes may negatively impact the business environment in Israel including due to reluctance of foreign investors to invest or transact business in Israel, as well as to increased currency fluctuations, downgrades in credit rating, increased interest rates, increased volatility in security markets and with Israeli companies. These restrictive lawsother changes in macroeconomic conditions. To date, these initiatives have been substantially put on hold. If such changes to Israel’s judicial system are again pursued by the government and policiesapproved by the parliament, this may have an adverse impacteffect on our operating results, financial condition or the expansion ofbusiness, our business. A campaign of boycotts, divestment and sanctions has been undertaken against Israel, which could also adversely impact our business.

We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel. Service of process on us, our Israeli subsidiaries, our directors and officers and the Israeli experts, if any, named in this annual report on Form 20-F, substantially all of whom reside outside of the United States, may be difficult to obtain within the United States.

Furthermore, because a significant portion of our assets and investments, and substantially allmost of our directors, officers and Israeli external experts are located outside the United States, any judgment obtained in the United States against us or any of them may be difficult to collect within the United States.

We have been informed by our legal counsel in Israel that it may also be difficult to assert U.S. securities laws claims in original actions instituted in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on an alleged violation of U.S. securities laws reasoning that Israel is not the most appropriate forum to bring such a claim. In addition, even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. There is little binding case law in Israel addressing these matters. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact, which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Israeli law.

Subject to specified time limitations and legal procedures, under the rules of private international law currently prevailing in Israel, Israeli courts may enforce a U.S. judgment in a civil matter, including a judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws, as well as a monetary or compensatory judgment in a non-civil matter, provided that the following key conditions are met:

We have benefited and currently benefit from a variety of Israeli government programs and tax benefits with regards to our operations in Israel, that generally carry conditions that we must meet in order to be eligible to obtain any benefit. Our tax expenses and the resulting effective tax rate reflected in our financial statements may increase over time as a result of changes in corporate income tax rates, other changes in the tax laws of the countries in which we operate, non-deductible expenses, loss and timing differences, or changes in the mix of countries, where we generate profit.

Additional details are provided in Item 5.A “Operating Results” under the caption “Taxes on Income,”Income”, in Item 10.E. “Taxation” under the caption “Israeli Taxation” and in Note 1513 to our Financial Statements.

We were incorporated in the State of Israel in November 1999 under the name Verticon Ltd., changed our name to IncrediMail Ltd. in November 2000 and in November 2011 changed our name to Perion Network Ltd. We operate under the laws of the State of Israel. Our headquarters are located at 26 HaRokmim Street, Holon 5885849, Israel. Our phone number is 972-73-398-1000. Our website address is www.perion.com. The information on our website does not constitute a part of this annual report. Our agent for service in the United States is Intercept Interactive Inc. d/b/a Undertone, which is located at One World Trade Center, 77th71^st Floor, Suite A,J, New York, NY 10007.

We completed the initial public offering of our ordinary shares in the United States on February 3, 2006. Since November 20, 2007, our ordinary shares are also traded on the TASE.

In the recent years, we completed several acquisitions, including the acquisition of ClientConnect Ltd. in 2014, the acquisition of Interactive Holding Corp. in 2015, which we refer to, together with its subsidiaries, as “Undertone”, the acquisition of Septa Communications LLC, also known as “Captain Growth”, in March 2019, the acquisition of Content IQ LLC in January 2020, the acquisition of Pub Ocean in July 2020, and the acquisition of Vidazoo in October 2021.2021 and the acquisition of Hivestack in December 2023.

Our SEC filings are available to you on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. This site contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The information on that website is not part of this annual report on Form 20-F and is not incorporated by reference herein.

Geographical expansion is a key driver for our business's growth, happening in several impactful ways. Our recent purchase of the programmatic digital out of home advertising company, Hivestack, has immediately extended our business into more than 32 countries. We recently announced the launch of a new partnership in Brazil with Eletromidia, one of the biggest media companies in the country, through Innovationour Hivestack division. We also announced a new partnership with Way.io, a domestic Demand Side Platform (DSP) in China - the world’s largest DOOH market. These partnerships not only gets us into the fast-growing Chinese and Brazilian markets but also connects us with major players in the local media landscape. Additionally, our High Impact Display business is now working closely with Hivestack. This teamwork allows both parts of our business to share customers and reach new markets together. These steps show our commitment to growing globally and strengthening our position in the worldwide market, helping our business to grow further.

Innovation, driven by the introduction of new technologies, tools, services and offerings, will address one of our key priorities, which is to makemakes our revenue models more predictable, sustainable and resilient. We are expanding our product portfolio to provide added value to our clients, without adding silos and overhead, while always maintaining efficiency across our different business units. The investments we have made in the scale and reach of our business have enabled us to develop a pioneering technology called SORT – Smart Optimization of Relevant Traits – which enables advertisers to identify consumers most likely to respond to their message without resorting to cookies. In fact, third-party research has shown that SORT can outperform cookies. As the industry moves to a post-cookie, privacy-first world, this technology is expected to provide strong competitive differentiation to the Company.

Perion follows a strict screening and evaluation process that includes several well-defined criteria, including clear synergies with our existing businesses, companies that display growth in high-growth categories (such as “Captain Growth”CTV, Retail Media and DOOH etc.), the acquisitionprofitable or with a clear path to profitability, high level of Content IQ LLC in January 2020, the acquisition of Pub Ocean in July 2020technological match, cultural match and more.

Recent acquisitions include the acquisition of Vidazoo in October 2021 to allow us to expand our capabilities and maximize our existing businesses.

Our solutions are built to ensure higher yields for publishers leveraging their digital properties, as well as high-impact, effective advertising that resonates with audiences and delivers unparalleled ROI for brands and advertisers alike. We partner with world-class brands, leveraging proprietary technology to ensure an immersive advertising experience across all digital touchpoints on the consumer journey.

Capturing consumers at their moment of highest intent has been well-established as the most ROI positive advertising channel. Thus, it’s not surprising that advertisers are increasingly allocating budgets to search advertising.

Our Search monetization solution leveragesis comprised of the following three offerings:

Searching is a fundamental digital behavior that signals the consumer has a high intent to complete a purchase of a product or service. We are continuously innovating and advancing our solutions to provide more value in this dynamically changing environment. We deploy advanced AI and machine learning to optimize yield for our publishers and transform search into revenue. At Perion we are poised to seize this shift, thanks to our longstanding relationship with Microsoft Bing and other leading search and content partners, to drive innovation and revenue based on AI and analytic tools as part of our ongoing effort to provide comprehensive and compelling search solutions and monetization tools to diversified publishers around the globe. We do this through a variety of digital properties, including websites, apps, extensions, and search engines.across more than 60 countries.

Microsoft Advertising has been our partner since 2010. In addition to strategically diversifyingNovember 2020 we extended our revenue sources and extending our products suite and partners,partnership with Microsoft Advertising for four additional years. In the first quarter of 2024, we are embeddingexperienced a decline in our search functionalityadvertising activity, attributable to changes in advertising pricing and mechanisms implemented by Microsoft in its search distribution marketplace. These adjustments led to a reduction in Revenue Per Thousand Impressions (RPM) for both Perion and other Microsoft distribution partners. These changes contributed to decreased search volume. For additional information see also the Risk Factor titled - “Our search advertising solution depends heavily upon revenue generated from our new products, thus increasingagreement with Microsoft, and any adverse change in that agreement could adversely affect our monetization potential.

The Supply management platform operationalizes relationshipsU.S. Digital Audio Advertising Market is on a significant upward trajectory, with our publishers by treating every impressionprojections indicating that advertising budgets will approach $7.4 billion in an optimal manner. According to the business requirements and monetary expectations that derive from which ads are allowed, what prices are expected, and what is the allowable frequency. All components in our supply management platform are based on proprietary technology and are based on our specific needs and use cases.2024. This rapidly growing sector represents a substantial opportunity for innovative advertising solutions.

The demand management platform addresses the needs of advertisers for campaign planning and design with a system that delivers a recommendation that will hit the goals of the advertisers. It will recommend advertising channels, audience targeting strategy and ad product mix which are all based on benchmarks and past experiences of the advertiser. Once the plan is created, the platform pushes instructions to the campaign management system for execution, based on parameters like dates, volume level, list of supply sources and campaign goal.

Online video, player (OVP)which includes in-stream, outstream and social network in-stream video advertising, among others, continues to surge as a dominant force in ad spending, with publishers and advertisers recognizing the potential for significant growth in revenue and brand exposure. According to eMarketer, 2024 programmatic digital video ad spending in the U.S. is expected to grow by 21% year-over-year to $94 billion.

AOur proprietary onlinesolutions help publishers monetize their assets, while enhancing user experience, through boosting video player and integratedcontent engagement, to unveil new revenue avenues. 

The technology ofbehind our search solution is composed of the following systems: