As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 30, 2009.April 27, 2012.

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20082011

 

Commission file number 333-08752

 

 

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Mexican Economic Development, Inc.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

 

United Mexican States

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

General Anaya No. 601 Pte.

Colonia Bella Vista

Monterrey, NL 64410 Mexico

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

Juan F. Fonseca

General Anaya No. 601 Pte.

Colonia Bella Vista

Monterrey, NL 64410 Mexico

(52-818) 328-6167

investor@femsa.com.mx

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and

address of company contact person)

 

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant topto Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class:

     

Name of each exchange on which registeredregistered:

American Depositary Shares, each representing 10 BD Units, and each BD Unit consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares, without par value   New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

 

2,161,177,770

  BD Units, each consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares, without par value. The BD Units represent a total of 2,161,177,770 Series B Shares, 4,322,355,540 Series D-B Shares and 4,322,355,540 Series D-L Shares.

1,417,048,500

  B Units, each consisting of five Series B Shares without par value. The B Units represent a total of 7,085,242,500 Series B Shares.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

x  Yes

  ¨  No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

¨  Yes

  x  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). N/A

 

¨  Yes

  ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be file by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

x  Yes

  ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large Accelerated filer  x

  Accelerated filer  ¨  Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP  ¨

  IFRS  ¨  Other  x

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

 

¨ Item 17

  x Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

¨ Yes

  x No

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

      Page
INTRODUCTION  1
  References  1
  Currency Translations and Estimates  1
  Forward-Looking Information  1
ITEMS 1-2.  NOT APPLICABLE  2
ITEM 3.  KEY INFORMATION  2
  Selected Consolidated Financial Data  2
  Dividends  45
  Exchange Rate Information  67
  Risk Factors  7
8  FEMSA Cerveza10
FEMSA Comercio12
ITEM 4.  INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY  1719
  The Company  1719
  Overview  1719
  Corporate Background  1719
  Ownership Structure  2025
  Significant Subsidiaries  2227
  Business Strategy  2227
  Coca-Cola FEMSA  23
28  FEMSA Cerveza39
  FEMSA Comercio  5146
FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in the Heineken Group50
  Other Business  5651
  Description of Property, Plant and Equipment  5651
  Insurance  5853
  Capital Expenditures and Divestitures  5853
  Regulatory Matters  6053
ITEM 4A.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  6359
ITEM 5.  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS  6360
  Overview of Events, Trends and Uncertainties  6360
  Recent Developments  6560
  Operating Leverage  66
62  Critical Accounting Estimates66
  New Accounting Pronouncements  7165
  Operating Results  7570
  Liquidity and Capital Resources  8578
  U.S. GAAP Reconciliation  9485
ITEM 6.  DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES  9586
  Directors  9586
  Senior Management  10091
  Compensation of Directors and Senior Management  103

i


94
  EVA Stock Incentive Plan  10394
  Insurance Policies  10495
  Ownership by Management  10495
  Board Practices  10496

i


  Employees  10597
ITEM 7.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  10798
  Major Shareholders  10798
  Related-Party Transactions  10899
  Voting Trust  10899
  Interest of Management in Certain Transactions  10899
  Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company  109100
ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION  110102
  Consolidated Financial Statements  110102
  Dividend Policy  110102
  Legal Proceedings  110102
Significant Changes104
ITEM 9.  THE OFFER AND LISTING  113104
  Description of Securities  113104
  Trading Markets  114105
  Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange  114105
  Price History  115106
ITEM 10.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION  118109
  Bylaws  118109
  Taxation  125115
  Material Contracts  127118
  Documents on Display  131124
ITEM 11.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  132125
  Interest Rate Risk  132125
  Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk  135129
  Equity Risk  138132
  Commodity Price Risk  138132
ITEM 12.DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES132
ITEM 12A.DEBT SECURITIES132
ITEM 12B.WARRANTS AND RIGHTS132
ITEM 12C.OTHER SECURITIES132
ITEM 12D.AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES132
ITEMS 12-14.13-14.  NOT APPLICABLE  138133
ITEM 15.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  138133
ITEM 16A.  AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT  140135
ITEM 16B.  CODE OF ETHICS  140135
ITEM 16C.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  141136

ii


ITEM 16D.  NOT APPLICABLE  141137
ITEM 16E.  PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS  141137
ITEM 16F.  NOT APPLICABLE  142138
ITEM 16G.  CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  142138

ii


ITEM 16H.NOT APPLICABLE140
ITEM 17.  NOT APPLICABLE  144140
ITEM 18.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  144140
ITEM 19.  EXHIBITS  145141

 

iii


INTRODUCTION

This annual report contains information materially consistent with the information presented in the audited financial statements and is free of material misstatements of fact that are not material inconsistencies with the information in the audited financial statements.

References

The terms “FEMSA,” “our company,” “we,” “us” and “our,” are used in this annual report to refer to Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and, except where the context otherwise requires, its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. We refer to our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., as “Coca-Cola FEMSA,” our subsidiary FEMSA Cerveza, S.A. de C.V., as “FEMSA Cerveza,” and our subsidiary FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V., as “FEMSA Comercio.”

The term “S.A.B.” stands forSociedad Anósociedad anónima Bursábursátil, which is the term used in the United Mexican States, or Mexico, used to denominate a publicly traded company under the Mexican Securities Market Law issued in 2006,(Ley del Mercado de Valores), which we refer to as the Mexican Securities Law.

References to “U.S. dollars,” “US$,” “dollars” or “$” are to the lawful currency of the United States of America.America (which we refer to as the United States). References to “Mexican pesos,” “pesos” or “Ps.” are to the lawful currency of Mexico. References to “euros” or “€” are to the United Mexican States, or Mexico.lawful currency of the European Economic and Monetary Union (which we refer to as the Euro Zone).

Currency Translations and Estimates

This annual report contains translations of certain Mexican peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, such U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps. 13.832013.9510 to US$ 1.00, the noon buying rate for Mexican pesos on December 31, 200830, 2011, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On June 15, 2009,March 30, 2012, this exchange rate was Ps. 13.430512.8115 to US$ 1.00. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rate Information” for information regarding exchange rates since January 1, 2004. In our previous public disclosures, we presented U.S. dollar amounts based on the exchange rate quoted by dealers to FEMSA for the settlement of obligations in foreign currencies at the end of the applicable period.2007.

To the extent estimates are contained in this annual report, we believe that such estimates, which are based on internal data, are reliable. Amounts in this annual report are rounded, and the totals may therefore not precisely equal the sum of the numbers presented.

Per capita growth rates and population data have been computed based upon statistics prepared by theInstituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informáticaof Mexico (National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Information, which we refer to as the Mexican Institute of Statistics)INEGI), the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board andBanco de México (Bank of Mexico), local entities in each country and upon our estimates.

Forward-Looking Information

This annual report contains words, such as “believe,” “expect” and “anticipate” and similar expressions that identify forward-looking statements. Use of these words reflects our views about future events and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors that may be beyond our control, including but not limited to effects on our company from changes in our relationship with or among our affiliated companies, movements in the prices of raw materials, competition, significant developments in Mexico or international economic or political conditions or changes in our regulatory environment. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. In any event, these statements speak only as of their respective dates, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any of them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

ITEMS 1-2. NOT APPLICABLE

ITEMS 1-2.NOT APPLICABLE

 

ITEM 3.KEY INFORMATION

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

This annual report includes, under Item 18, our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, and the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006, and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008 and consolidated statement of changes in financial position for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.2009. Our audited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Normas de Información FinancierasFinanciera Mexicanas), which we refer to as Mexican FRS or NIF), which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP.

Notes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide a description of the principal differences between Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to our company, together with a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity as well as U.S. GAAP consolidated balance sheets, statements of income changes in stockholders’ equityand comprehensive income and cash flows for the same periods presented for Mexican Financial Reporting Standards purposes. FRS purposes and for the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.

In the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2009, we present our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA, which is a consolidated subsidiary for purposes of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards,FRS, under the equity method for U.S. GAAP purposes, due to the substantive participating rights of The Coca-Cola Company as a minority shareholder in Coca-Cola FEMSA.

FEMSA during that year. On February 1, 2010, FEMSA and The effectsCoca-Cola Company signed an amendment to their Shareholders’ Agreement. As a result of inflation accounting under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards have not been reversed in the reconciliationthis amendment, FEMSA began to consolidate Cola-Cola FEMSA for U.S. GAAP.GAAP purposes on this date. See note 26Note 26A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Beginning in 2012, Mexican issuers with securities registered in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores) of the Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission, or the CNBV) are required to prepare financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, which we refer to as IFRS. Accordingly, as of January 1, 2012, we are preparing our financial information in accordance with IFRS and will present financial information for 2011 on a comparable basis. See Note 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Beginning on January 1, 2008, in accordance with changes to NIF B-10 under the MexicanNorma de Información Financiera(Financial Reporting Standard, or NIF), FRS, we discontinued the use of inflation accounting for our subsidiaries that operate in “non-inflationary” countries where cumulative inflation for the three preceding years was less than 26%. Our subsidiaries in Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia and Brazil operate in non-inflationary economic environments, and therefore 20082011, 2010 and 2009 figures reflect inflation effects only through 2007. Our subsidiaries in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Argentina operate in economic environments in which cumulative inflation during the same three-year periodperiods was greater than 26% or greater,, and we therefore continue recognizing inflationary accounting for 2008.2011, 2010 and 2009. For comparison purposes, the figures prior to 2008 have been restated in Mexican pesos with purchasing power as of December 31, 2007, taking into account local inflation for each country with reference to the consumer price index. Local currencies have been converted into Mexican pesos using official exchange rates published by the local central bank of each country. Our subsidiary in the Euro Zone, CB Equity LLP (which we refer to as CB Equity), operated in a non-inflationary economic environment in 2011 and 2010. See note 3Note 4 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

As a result of discontinuing inflationary accounting for subsidiaries that operate in non-inflationary economic environments, the financial statements are no longer considered to be presented in a reporting currency that comprehensively includes the effects of price level changes. Therefore, the inflationary effects of inflationary economic environments arising in 2009, 2010 and 2011 result in a difference that must be reconciled for U.S. GAAP purposes, except for Venezuela, which is considered to be a hyperinflationary environment since January 2010 and for which inflationary effects have not been reversed under U.S. GAAP. See Notes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in Heineken Holding N.V. and Heineken N.V., which, together with their respective subsidiaries, we refer to as Heineken or the Heineken Group. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in the Heineken Group.” Under Mexican FRS, we have reclassified our consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009 to reflect Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V. (formerly FEMSA Cerveza, S.A. de C.V.), which we refer to as Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma or FEMSA Cerveza, as a discontinued operation. However, FEMSA Cerveza is not presented as a discontinued operation under U.S. GAAP. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation” and Notes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents selected financial information of our company. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements. See “Item 18. Financial Statements.” The selected financial information is presented on a consolidated basis and is not necessarily indicative of our financial position or results offrom operations at or for any future date or period. Under Mexican FRS, FEMSA Cerveza figures for years prior to 2010 have been reclassified and presented as discontinued operations for comparison purposes to 2011 and 2010 figures. See Note 5B to our audited consolidated financial statements. Under U.S. GAAP, FEMSA Cerveza figures are presented as a continuing operation.

 

   Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
 
   2008(1)  2008  2007  2006  2005  2004 
   (In millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per share
data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)
 

Income Statement Data:

       

Mexican FRS:

       

Total revenues

  $12,147   Ps. 168,022   Ps. 147,556   Ps. 136,120   Ps. 119,462   Ps. 109,500  

Income from operations(2)

   1,640    22,684    19,736    18,637    17,601    15,993  

Income taxes(3)

   304    4,207    4,950    4,608    4,620    2,801  

Consolidated net income

   671    9,278    11,936    9,860    9,073    10,729  

Net majority income

   485    6,708    8,511    7,127    5,951    6,917  

Net minority income

   186    2,570    3,425    2,733    3,122    3,812  

Net majority income:(4)

       

Per Series B Share

   0.02    0.33    0.42    0.36    0.31    0.39  

Per Series D Share

   0.03    0.42    0.53    0.44    0.39    0.49  

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

       

Series B Shares

   9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    8,834.9    8,217.6  

Series D Shares

   8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,260.1    7,683.0  

Allocation of earnings:

       

Series B Shares

   46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11

Series D Shares

   53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89

U.S. GAAP:

       

Total revenues

  $6,626   Ps.91,650    Ps. 83,362    Ps. 75,704    Ps. 63,031    Ps. 55,557  

Income from operations

   570    7,881    7,667    7,821    6,911    6,011  

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s earnings(5)

   216    2,994    3,635    2,420    2,205    2,936  

Minority interest

   18    253    (32  169    —      (524

Net income

   495    6,852    8,557    6,973    6,059    7,352  

Net income:(4)

       

Per Series B Share

   0.02    0.34    0.43    0.35    0.32    0.42  

Per Series D Share

   0.03    0.43    0.53    0.43    0.40    0.52  

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

       

Series B Shares

   9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    8,834.9    8,217.6  

Series D Shares

   8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,260.1    7,683.0  

Balance Sheet Data:

       

Mexican FRS:

       

Total assets

  $13,378   Ps.185,040   Ps.165,795   Ps.154,516   Ps.139,823   Ps.138,533  

Current liabilities

   3,188    44,094    33,517    28,060    22,510    27,250  

Long-term debt(6)

   2,329    32,210    30,665    35,673    32,129    40,563  

Other long-term liabilities

   856    11,841    11,960    12,575    10,786    10,693  

Capital stock

   387    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348    4,979  

Total stockholders’ equity

   7,005    96,895    89,653    78,208    74,398    60,027  

Majority interest

   4,975    68,821    64,578    56,654    52,400    40,314  

Minority interest

   2,030    28,074    25,075    21,554    21,998    19,713  
   Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
 
   2011(2)  2011  2010  2009  2008  2007 
   (in millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per
share data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)
 

Income Statement Data:

       

Mexican FRS:(1)

       

Total revenues

  $14,554    Ps.203,044    Ps.169,702    Ps.160,251    Ps.133,808    Ps.114,459  

Income from operations(3)

   1,928    26,904    22,529    21,130    17,349    14,300  

Income taxes(4)

   550    7,687    5,671    4,959    3,108    3,931  

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

   1,483    20,684    17,961    11,799    7,630    8,438  

Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net of taxes

   —      —      26,623    —      —      —    

Net income from discontinued operations

   —      —      706    3,283    1,648    3,498  

Consolidated net income

   1,483    20,684    45,290    15,082    9,278    11,936  

Net controlling interest income

   1,085    15,133    40,251    9,908    6,708    8,511  

Net non-controlling interest income

   398    5,551    5,039    5,174    2,570    3,425  

Net controlling interest income before discontinued operations:

       

Per Series B Share

   0.05    0.75    0.64    0.33    0.25    0.25  

Per Series D Share

   0.07    0.94    0.81    0.42    0.32    0.32  

Net controlling income from discontinued operations:

       

Per Series B Share

   —      —      1.37    0.16    0.08    0.17  

Per Series D Share

   —      —      1.70    0.20    0.10    0.21  

Net controlling interest income:

       

Per Series B Share

   0.05    0.75    2.01    0.49    0.33    0.42  

Per Series D Share

   0.07    0.94    2.51    0.62    0.42    0.53  

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

       

Series B Shares

   9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4  

Series D Shares

   8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7  

Allocation of earnings:

       

Series B Shares

   46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11  46.11

Series D Shares

   53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89  53.89

  Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
   Selected Consolidated Financial Information
Year Ended December 31,
 
  2008(1) 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004   2011(2) 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 
  (In millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per
share data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)
   (in millions of U.S. dollars and millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages, per
share data and weighted average number of shares outstanding)
 

U.S. GAAP:

       

U.S. GAAP:(4)

       

Total revenues

  $14,640    Ps.204,242    Ps.177,053    Ps.102,902    Ps.91,650    Ps.83,362  

Income from operations

   1,810    25,252    21,235    8,661    7,881    7,667  

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s earnings(4)

   —      —      183    4,516    2,994    3,635  

Consolidated net income

   1,279    17,851    72,204(10)   10,685    6,599    8,589  

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest income

   (387  (5,402  (4,759  (783  253    (32

Net income attributable to controlling interest income

   892    12,449    67,445    9,902    6,852    8,557  

Net controlling interest income:

       

Per Series B Share

   0.04    0.62    3.36    0.49    0.34    0.43  

Per Series D Share

   0.06    0.78    4.20    0.62    0.43    0.53  

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions):

       

Series B Shares

   9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4    9,246.4  

Series D Shares

   8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7    8,644.7  

Balance Sheet Data:

       

Mexican FRS:(1)

       

Total assets of continuing operations

  $19,691    Ps.274,704    Ps.223,578    Ps.153,638    Ps.126,833    Ps.114,537  

Total assets of discontinued operations

   —      —      —      72,268    71,201    68,881  

Current liabilities of continuing operations

   2,769    38,630    30,516    37,218    35,351    28,783  

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

   —      —      —      10,883    12,912    13,581  

Long-term debt of continuing operations(5)

   1,723    24,031    22,203    21,260    21,853    23,066  

Other long-term liabilities of continuing operations

   1,500    20,929    17,846    8,500    8,285    9,882  

Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations

   —      —      —      32,216    22,738    18,453  

Capital stock

   383    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348  

Total stockholders’ equity

   13,699    191,114    153,013    115,829    96,895    89,653  

Controlling interest

   9,575    133,580    117,348    81,637    68,821    64,578  

Non-controlling interest

   4,124    57,534    35,665    34,192    28,074    25,075  

U.S. GAAP:(4)

       

Total assets

  $9,898   Ps.136,914   Ps.124,775   Ps.114,693   Ps.98,869   Ps.92,613    $27,956    Ps.390,016    Ps.334,517    Ps.158,000    Ps.139,219    Ps.127,167  

Current liabilities

   1,710    23,654    18,579    14,814    10,090    16,997     2,772    38,676    30,629    23,539    23,654    18,579  

Long-term debt(6)

   1,414    19,557    16,569    18,749    15,177    16,254  

Long-term debt(5)

   1,722    24,031    21,927    24,119    19,557    16,569  

Other long-term liabilities

   554    7,661    6,323    7,039    4,996    3,470     3,164    44,148    39,825    10,900    9,966    8,715  

Minority interest

   37    505    698    166    52    56  

Non-controlling interest

   7,205    100,517    78,495    1,274    505    698  

Controlling interest

   13,092    182,644    163,641    98,168    85,537    82,606  

Capital stock

   387    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348    4,979     383    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348    5,348  

Stockholders’ equity

   6,184    85,537    82,606    73,925    68,554    55,836  

Stockholders’ equity(6)

   20,297    283,161    242,136    99,442    86,042    83,304  

Other information:

              

Mexican FRS:

       

Depreciation(7)

  $398   Ps.5,508   Ps.4,930   Ps.4,954   Ps.4,682   Ps.4,280  

Capital expenditures(8)

   1,029    14,234    11,257    9,422    7,508    7,948  

Operating margin(9)

   13.5  13.5  13.4  13.7  14.7  14.6

Mexican FRS:(1)

       

Depreciation(7)

  $394    Ps.5,498    Ps.4,527    Ps.4,391    Ps.3,762    Ps.4,930  

Capital expenditures(8)

   897    12,515    11,171    9,067    7,816    5,939  

Operating margin(9)

   13.2  13.2  13.3  13.2  13.0  12.5

U.S. GAAP:

              

Depreciation(7)

  $176   Ps.2,439   Ps.2,114   Ps.2,080   Ps.2,079   Ps.1,990  

Operating margin(9)

   8.6  8.6  9.2  10.3  11.0  10.8

Depreciation(7)

  $412    Ps.5,743    Ps.4,884    Ps.2,786    Ps.2,439    Ps.2,114  

Operating margin(9)

   12.4  12.4  11.9  8.4  8.6  9.2

 

(1)As a result of the FEMSA Cerveza share exchange with the Heineken Group on April 30, 2010, related figures are presented as discontinued operations for Mexican FRS purposes. As a result, prior year financial information has been modified in order to conform to 2010 financial information.

(2)Translation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 13.832013.9510 to US$ 1.00 solely for the convenience of the reader.

(2)(3)InBeginning in 2008, Mexican Financial Reporting Standard NIF D-3, (“Employee’s Benefits”) requires“Employee Benefits,” permitted the presentation of financial expenses related to labor liabilities as part of the integralcomprehensive financing result, of financing, which was previously recorded within operating income. Accordingly, information for prior years2007 has been reclassified for comparability purposes.

 

(3)(4)For 2008, includes income tax, and for 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 includes income tax and tax on assets. Since 2007, we are required to present employee profit sharing within “other expenses” pursuant to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards Interpretation (INIF) No. 4 “Presentación en el Estado de Resultados de la Participación de los Trabajadores en la Utilidad” (PresentationAs of Employee Profit Sharing in the Income Statement). Information for prior yearsFebruary 1, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been modified for comparability purposes.

(4)Net income per share data has been modified retrospectively to reflect our 3:1 stock split effective May 25, 2007.

(5)Coca-Cola FEMSA is not consolidated for U.S. GAAP purposes and ispurposes. Prior to that date, Coca-Cola FEMSA was recorded under the equity method, as discussed in note 26 (a)Note 26A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

(6)(5)Includes long-term debt minus the current portion of long-term debt.

(6)As of January 1, 2009, U.S. GAAP requires that non-controlling interest be included as part of the total stockholders’ equity. This standard was applied retrospectively for comparative purposes.

 

(7)Includes bottle breakage.

 

(8)Includes investments in property, plant and equipment, intangible and other assets.

 

(9)Operating margin is calculated by dividing income from operations by total revenues.

(10)Includes gain recognized in other income due to control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA. See Note 26A to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Dividends

We have historically paid dividends per BD Unit (including in the form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs) approximately equal to or greater than 1% of the market price on the date of declaration, subject to changes in our results offrom operations and financial position, including due to extraordinary economic events and to the factors described in “Risk“Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors” that affect our financial condition and liquidity. These factors may affect whether or not dividends are declared and the amount of such dividends. We do not expect to be subject to any contractual restrictions on our ability to pay dividends, although our subsidiaries may be subject to such restrictions. Because we are a holding company with no significant operations of our own, we will have distributable profits and cash to pay dividends only to the extent that we receive dividends from our subsidiaries. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will pay dividends or as to the amount of any dividends.

The following table sets forth for each year the nominal amount of dividends per share that we declared in Mexican pesospeso and the U.S. dollar amounts that were actually paid on each of theand their respective payment dates for the 20042007 to 20082011 fiscal years:

 

Date Dividend Paid

  Fiscal Year
with Respect to
which

Dividend
was Declared
  Aggregate Amount
of Dividend
Declared
  Per Series B
Share
Dividend(1)
  Per Series B
Share
Dividend(1)
 Per Series D
Share
Dividend(1)
  Per Series D
Share
Dividend(1)
   Fiscal Year
with Respect to  which

Dividend
was Declared
  Aggregate
Amount
of Dividend
Declared
   Per Series B
Share Dividend
   Per Series B
Share  Dividend
 Per Series D
Share Dividend
   Per Series D
Share Dividend
 

May 31, 2005

  2004  Ps.659,997,941  Ps.0.0371  $0.0034   Ps.0.0463  $0.0042  

June 15, 2006

  2005  Ps.986,000,000  Ps.0.0492  $0.0043   Ps.0.0615  $0.0054  

May 15, 2007

  2006  Ps.1,485,000,000  Ps.0.0741  $0.0069   Ps.0.0926  $0.0086    2006(1)   Ps.1,485,000,000     Ps.0.0741    $0.0069    Ps.0.0926    $0.0086  

May 8, 2008

  2007  Ps.1,620,000,000  Ps.0.0807  $0.0076   Ps.0.1009  $0.0095    2007(1)   Ps.1,620,000,000     Ps.0.0807    $0.0076    Ps.0.1009    $0.0095  

May 4, 2009 and November 3, 2009(2)

  2008  Ps.1,620,000,000         2008      Ps.1,620,000,000     Ps.0.0807    $0.0061    Ps.0.1009    $0.0076  

May 4, 2009

      Ps.0.0807  $0.0061   Ps.0.1009  $0.0076         Ps.0.0404    $0.0030    Ps.0.0505    $0.0038  

November 3, 2009

      Ps.0.0807   N/a(3)  Ps.0.1009   N/a (3)        Ps.0.0404    $0.0030    Ps.0.0505    $0.0038  

May 4, 2010 and November 3, 2010(3)

  2009      Ps.2,600,000,000     Ps.0.1296    $0.0105    Ps.0.1621    $0.0132  

May 4, 2010

       Ps.0.0648    $0.0053    Ps.0.0810    $0.0066  

November 3, 2010

       Ps.0.0648    $0.0053    Ps.0.0810    $0.0066  

May 3, 2011 and November 2, 2011(4)

  2010      Ps.4,600,000,000     Ps.0.2294    $0.0199    Ps.0.28675    $0.0249  

May 3, 2011

       Ps.0.1147    $0.0099    Ps.0.14338    $0.0124  

November 2, 2011

       Ps.0.1147    $0.0100    Ps.0.14338    $0.0125  

May 3, 2012 and November 6, 2012(5)

  2011      Ps.6,200,000,000     Ps.0.3092     N/a(6)   Ps.0.3865     N/a  

May 3, 2012

       Ps.0.1546     N/a    Ps.0.1932     N/a  

November 2, 2012

       Ps.0.1546     N/a    Ps.0.1932     N/a  

 

(1)The per series dividend amount has been adjusted for comparability purposes to reflect the 3:1 stock split effective May 25, 2007 by dividing, (a) for 2004, 8,213,220,270 Series B Shares and 7,678,711,080 Series D Shares by the aggregate dividend amount, and (b) for 2005, 2006 and 2007, 9,246,420,270 Series B Shares and 8,644,711,080 Series D Shares, which in each case represents the number of shares outstanding at the date each dividend is declared as adjusted retroactively for prior periods as applicable to reflect the 3:1 stock split.2007.

 

(2)The dividend payment for 2008 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was paidpayable on May 4, 2009, with a record date of April 30, 2009, and the second payment will be paidwas payable on November 3, 2009, with a record date of October 30, 2009.

 

(3)The dividend payment for 2009 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was payable on May 4, 2010, with a record date of May 3, 2010, and the second payment was payable on November 3, 2010, with a record date of November 2, 2010.

(4)The dividend payment for 2010 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment was payable on May 3, 2011, with a record date of May 2, 2011, and the second payment was payable on November 2, 2011, with a record date of November 1, 2011.

(5)The dividend payment for 2011 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment will become payable on May 3, 2012 with a record date of May 2, 2012, and the second payment will become payable on November 6, 2012 with a record date of November 5, 2012.

(6)The U.S. dollar amount of the second 20082011 dividend paymentpayments will be based on the exchange rate onat the date of payment, November 3, 2009.time such payments are made.

At the annual ordinary general shareholders meeting, or AGM, the board of directors submits the financial statements of our company for the previous fiscal year, together with a report thereon by the board of directors. Once the holders of Series B Shares have approved the financial statements, they determine the allocation of our net profits for the preceding year. Mexican law requires the allocation of at least 5% of net profits to a legal reserve, which is not subsequently available for distribution, until the amount of the legal reserve equals 20% of our paid in capital stock. As of the date of this report, the legal reserve of our company is fully constituted. Thereafter, the holders of Series B Shares may determine and allocate a certain percentage of net profits to any general or special reserve, including a reserve for open-market purchases of our shares. The remainder of net profits is available for distribution in the form of dividends to our shareholders. Dividends may only be paid if net profits are sufficient to offset losses from prior fiscal years.

Our bylaws provide that dividends will be allocated among the shares outstanding and fully paid at the time a dividend is declared in such manner that each Series D-B Share and Series D-L Share receives 125% of the dividend distributed in respect of each Series B Share. Holders of Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares are entitled to this dividend premium in connection with all dividends paid by us other than payments in connection with the liquidation of our company.

Subject to certain exceptions contained in the deposit agreement dated May 11, 2007, among FEMSA, The Bank of New York, as ADS depositary, and holders and beneficial owners from time to time of our American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, any dividends distributed to holders of our ADSs will be paid to the ADS depositary in Mexican pesos and will be converted by the ADS depositary into U.S. dollars. As a result, restrictions on conversion of Mexican pesos into foreign currencies and exchange rate fluctuations may affect the ability of holders of our ADSs to receive U.S. dollars and the U.S. dollar amount actually received by holders of our ADSs.

Exchange Rate Information

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low, average and period-endyear-end noon buying exchange rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for cable transfers of pesos per U.S. dollar. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York discontinued the publication of foreign exchange rates on December 31, 2008, and therefore, the data provided for the periods beginning January 1, 2009 isare based on the rates published by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board in its H.10 Weekly Release of Foreign Exchange Rates. The rates have not been restated in constant currency units and therefore represent nominal historical figures.

 

Period ended December 31,

  Exchange Rate
  High  Low  Average(1)  Period End

2004

  11.64  10.81  11.29  11.15

2005

  11.41  10.41  10.89  10.63

2006

  11.46  10.43  10.91  10.80

2007

  11.27  10.67  10.93  10.92

2008

  13.94  9.92  11.21  13.83

Year ended December 31,

  Exchange Rate 
   High   Low   Average(1)   Year End 

2007

   11.27     10.67     10.93     10.92  

2008

   13.94     9.92     11.21     13.83  

2009

   15.41     12.63     13.50     13.06  

2010

   13.19     12.16     12.64     12.38  

2011

   14.25     11.51     12.46     13.95  

 

(1)Average month-end rates.

 

   Exchange Rate
   High  Low  Period End

2007:

      

First Quarter

  Ps.11.18  Ps.10.77  Ps.11.04

Second Quarter

   11.03   10.71   10.79

Third Quarter

   11.27   10.73   10.93

Fourth Quarter

   11.00   10.67   10.92

2008:

      

First Quarter

  Ps.10.97  Ps.10.63  Ps.10.63

Second Quarter

   10.60   10.27   10.30

Third Quarter

   10.97   9.92   10.97

Fourth Quarter

   13.94   10.97   13.83

December

   13.83   13.09   13.83

2009:

      

January

  Ps.14.33  Ps.13.33  Ps.14.33

February

   15.09   14.13   15.09

March

   15.41   14.02   14.21

April

   13.89   13.05   13.80

May

   13.83   12.89   13.18

June(1)

   13.64   13.16   13.43

(1)Information from June 1 to June 15, 2009.
   Exchange Rate 
   High   Low   Period End 

2010:

      

First Quarter

   Ps.13.19     Ps.12.30     Ps.12.30  

Second Quarter

   13.14     12.16     12.83  

Third Quarter

   13.17     12.49     12.63  

Fourth Quarter

   12.61     12.21     12.38  

2011:

      

First Quarter

   12.25     11.92     11.92  

Second Quarter

   11.97     11.51     11.72  

Third Quarter

   13.87     11.57     13.77  

Fourth Quarter

   14.25     13.10     13.95  

2012:

      

January

   13.75     12.93     13.04  

February

   12.95     12.63     12.79  

March

   12.99     12.63     12.81  

First Quarter

   13.75     12.63     12.81  

RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Company

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business depends on its relationship with The Coca-Cola Company, and changes in this relationship may adversely affect its results offrom operations and financial position.condition.

Approximately 98%Substantially all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales volume in 2008 wasare derived from sales ofCoca-Colatrademark beverages. In each of its territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributesCoca-Colatrademark beverages through standard bottler agreements.agreements in certain territories in Mexico and Latin America, which we refer to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s “territories.” See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Territories.” Through its rights under theCoca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements and as a large shareholder, The Coca-Cola Company has the abilityright to exercise substantial influence overparticipate in the conduct ofprocess for making important decisions related to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

Under Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements, The Coca-Cola Company may unilaterally set the price for its concentrate. In 2005,addition, under Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements, it is prohibited from bottling or distributing any other beverages without The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages over a three-year period in Mexico beginning in 2007Company’s authorization or consent, and in Brazil in 2006. These increases have now been fully implemented in Brazil and will be fully implemented in Mexico during 2009. Coca-Cola FEMSA prepares a three-year general business plan that is submitted toit may not transfer control of the bottler rights of any of its boardterritories without consent of directors for approval. The Coca-Cola Company may require that Coca-Cola FEMSA demonstrate its financial ability to meet its plans and may terminate Coca-Cola FEMSA’s rights to produce, market and distribute sparkling beverages in territories with respect to which such approval is withheld. Company.

The Coca-Cola Company also makes significant contributions to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s marketing expenses, although it is not required to contribute a particular amount. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA is prohibited from bottling any sparkling beverages product or distributing other beverages withoutAccordingly, The Coca-Cola Company’s authorizationCompany may discontinue or consent. Coca-Cola FEMSA may not transfer control of the bottler rights ofreduce such contributions at any of its territories without the consent of The Coca-Cola Company.time.

Coca-Cola FEMSA depends on The Coca-Cola Company to renew its bottler agreements. As of December 31, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA had seven bottler agreements in Mexico, with each one corresponding to a different territory as follows: (i) the agreements for Mexico’s Valley territory expire in June 2013 and April 2016; (ii) the agreements for the Central territory expire in May 2015 and July 2016; (iii) the agreement for the Northeast territory expires in September 2014; (iv) the agreement for the Bajio territory expires in May 2015; and (v) the agreement for the Southeast territory expires in June 2013. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements for two of its Mexican territories expire in 2013 and for its two other Mexican territories in 2015. These bottler agreements are renewable in each case for ten-year terms. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama (other beverages), Costa Rica, Venezuela and Colombia expire on July 31, 2009, pursuant to letters of extension and are renewable by agreement of the parties. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Coca-Cola trademark beverages for Panama has an indefinite term but may be terminated with six months prior written notice by either party. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Argentina expires in 2014. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Brazil expired in December 2004, however, following the purchase of the Refrigerantes Minas Gerais Ltda. (REMIL) territory in Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA is negotiating a single bottler agreement for all of Brazil. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently in the process of negotiating renewals of these agreements on similar terms and conditions as in other countries, and in the meantime Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company are operating under the terms of the existing agreements. There can be no assurances that The Coca-Cola Company will decideexpire for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in other countries as follows: Argentina in September 2014; Brazil in April 2014; Colombia in June 2014; Venezuela in August 2016; Guatemala in March 2015; Costa Rica in September 2017; Nicaragua in May 2016; and Panama in November 2014. All of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements are automatically renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of either party thereto to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew any ofthe relevant agreement. In addition, these agreements or with respect to the terms and conditions of such renewals. In addition,generally may be terminated in the event acase of material breach of these agreements occurs, the agreements may be terminated.breach. Termination would prevent Coca-Cola FEMSA from sellingCoca-Cola trademark beverages in the affected territory and would have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial condition, prospects, results offrom operations and cash flows.prospects.

The Coca-Cola Company has substantial influence on the conduct of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, which may result in Coca-Cola FEMSA taking actions contrary to the interestinterests of its remaining shareholders.

The Coca-Cola Company has significantsubstantial influence on the conduct of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business. As of April 20, 2012, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns 31.6%owned 29.4% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s outstanding capital stock, representing 37.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights. The Coca-Cola Company is entitled to appoint fourfive of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s 18maximum of 21 directors and the vote of at least two of them is required to approve certain of its executive officers and, except under limited circumstances, has the power to veto all actions requiring approval by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s board of directors. We are entitled to appoint 1113 of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s 18maximum of 21 directors and certainall of its executive officers. On February 1, 2010, we and The Coca-Cola Company thus may havesigned a second amendment to the

shareholders agreement that confirms our power to govern Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operating and financial policies in order to exercise control over its operations in the ordinary course of business. The Coca-Cola Company has the power to determine the outcome of certain actionsprotective rights, such as mergers, acquisitions or the sale of any line of business, requiring approval by its board of directors, and may have the power

to determine the outcome of certain actions requiring approval of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s shareholders. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts—Coca-Cola FEMSA.” The interests of The Coca-Cola Company may be different from the interests of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s remaining shareholders, which may result in Coca-Cola FEMSA taking actions contrary to the interestinterests of its remaining shareholders.

Coca-Cola FEMSA has significant transactions with affiliates, particularly The Coca-Cola Company, which may create the potential for conflicts of interest and could result in less favorable terms to Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Coca-Cola FEMSA engages in several transactions with subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company, including cooperative marketing arrangements and a number of bottler agreements.Company. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA has entered into cooperative marketing arrangements with The Coca-Cola Company and is a party to a number of bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA also has agreed to develop still beverages and waters in its territories with The Coca-Cola Company and has entered into agreements to acquire companies with The Coca-Cola Company. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company.”

Coca-Cola FEMSA could engage in transactions may createon less favorable terms with related parties, due to potential conflicts of interest, which could result incompared to terms less favorable to Coca-Cola FEMSA thanthat could be obtained fromwith an unaffiliated third party.

Competition could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial performance.

The beverage industry throughout Latin Americain the territories in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates is highly competitive. Coca-Cola FEMSA faces competition from other bottlers of sparkling beverages such asPepsi products, and from producers of low cost beverages, or “B brands.” Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes against beveragesin different beverage categories, other than sparkling beverages, such as water, fruit juicejuice-based beverages, teas, sport drinks and sport drinks.value-added dairy products. Although competitive conditions are different in each of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, Coca-Cola FEMSAit competes principally in terms of price, packaging, consumer salesales promotions, customer service and non-price retail incentives.product innovation. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Competition.” There can be no assurances that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be able to avoid lower pricing as a result of competitive pressure. Lower pricing, changes made in response to competition and changes in consumer preferences may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial performance.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitor in Mexico is The Pepsi Bottling Group, or PBG. PBG is the largest bottler of Pepsi products worldwide and competes withCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also experienced stronger competition in Mexico from lower priced sparkling beverages in larger, multiple serving packaging. In the juice category, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Jumex, the largest producer in the country, while in the water category, the brandBonafont, which is owned by Danone, is its main competitor. In Argentina and Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with Companhia de Bebidas das Américas, commonly referred to as AmBev, the largest brewer in Latin America and a subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev N.V./S.A., commonly referred to as A-B InBev, which sells Pepsi products, in addition to a portfolio that includes local brands with flavors such as guaraná and proprietary beers. In each of its territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with Pepsi bottlers and with various other bottlers and distributors of nationally and regionally advertised sparkling beverages.

Changes in consumer preference could reduce demand for some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s productsproducts.

The non-alcoholic beverage industry is rapidly evolving as a result of, among other things, changes in consumer preferences. Specifically, consumers are becoming increasingly more aware of and concerned about environmental and health issues. Concerns over the environmental impact of plastic may reduce the consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products sold in plastic bottles or result in additional taxes that would adversely affect consumer demand. In addition, researchers, health advocates and dietary guidelines are encouraging consumers to reduce their consumption of certain types of beverages sweetened with sugar and high fructose corn syrup (or HFCS), which could reduce demand for certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products. A reduction in consumer demand would adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results offrom operations.

A water shortageWater shortages or aany failure to maintain existing concessions could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

Water is an essential component of all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products. Coca-Cola FEMSA obtains water from various sources in its territories, including springs, wells, rivers and municipal water companies. In Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases water from municipaland state water companies and pumpspursuant to either contracts to obtain water from wellsor pursuant to

concessions granted by the Mexican government. governments in its various territories.

Coca-Cola FEMSA obtains the vast majority of the water used in its sparkling beverage production in Mexico pursuant to these concessions to exploit wells, which the Mexican governmentare generally granted based on studies of the existing and projected groundwater supply. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s existing water concessions in Mexicoor contracts to obtain water may be terminated by governmental

authorities under certain circumstances and their renewal depends on receiving necessary authorizations from municipallocal and/or federal water authorities. See “Item 4—4. Information on the Company—Regulatory Matters—Water Supply Law.” In some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s other territories, itsthe existing water supply may not be sufficient to meet itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s future production needs, and the available water supply may be adversely affected by shortages or changes in governmental regulations.regulations and environmental changes.

Coca-Cola FEMSAWe cannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s future production needs or will prove sufficient to meet itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s water supply needs.

Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase Coca-Cola FEMSA’s cost of salesgoods sold and may adversely affect itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s results offrom operations.

In addition to water, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant raw materials are (1) concentrate, which it acquires from affiliates of The Coca-Cola Company, (2) packaging materials and (3) sweeteners. Prices for sparkling beverages concentrate are determined by The Coca-Cola Company pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency, net of applicable taxes. In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages over a three-year period in Mexico, which began in 2007 and in Brazil in 2006.and Mexico. These increases have now beenwere fully implemented in Brazil in 2008 and will be fully implemented in Mexico duringin 2009. However, Coca-Cola FEMSA may experience further increases in its territories in the future. The prices for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s remaining raw materials are driven by market prices and local availability as well as the imposition of import duties and import restrictions and fluctuations in exchange rates. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also required to meet all of its supply needs from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company, which may limit the number of suppliers available to it. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales prices are denominated in the local currency in each country in which it operates, while the prices of certain materials, including those used in the bottling of its products, (mainly high fructose corn syrup andmainly resin, and ingots used to make plastic bottles, finished plastic bottles, aluminum cans and aluminum cans),HFCS, are paid in or determined with reference to the U.S. dollar. These pricesdollar, and therefore may increase if the U.S. dollar appreciates against the currencycurrencies of any countrythe countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, as was the case in 2008 and 2009. While the U.S. dollar did not appreciate against the currency of any of the countries in which occurredCoca-Cola FEMSA operates in 2008. See2010 or most of 2011, we cannot assure you that an appreciation of the U.S. dollar with respect to such currencies will not occur in the future.See “Item 4—4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Raw Materials.”

After concentrate, packaging materials and sweeteners constitute the largest portion of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s raw material costs. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin and plastic ingots to make plastic bottles and from the purchase of finished plastic bottles, the prices of which are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply. The average U.S. dollar prices that Coca-Cola FEMSA paid for resin decreasedand plastic ingots in U.S. dollars increased significantly in 2008, although2011, as compared to 2010. We cannot provide any assurance that prices maywill not increase further in future periods. Average sweetener prices, including of sugar and HFCS, paid by Coca-Cola FEMSA during 2011 were higher as compared to 2010 in all of the countries in which it operates. During the 2009-2011 period, international sugar prices were volatile due to various factors, including shifting demands, availability and climate issues affecting production and distribution. Sugar prices in all of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates other than Brazil are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause itCoca-Cola FEMSA to pay in excess of international market prices for sugar. In addition, sugar prices have been somewhat volatile overSee “Item 4. Information on the past few years, and although market prices decreased in Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main markets, they may again increase in a manner we cannot predict. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA has experienced sugar shortages that have adversely affected its operations. These shortages were due to insufficient domestic production to meet demand and current restrictions on sugar imports.

Coca-Cola FEMSAFEMSA—Raw Materials.” We cannot assure you that itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s raw material prices will not further increase in the future. Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase Coca-Cola FEMSA’s cost of salesgoods sold and adversely affect its results of operations.financial performance.

Taxes on soft drinks could adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

The countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may adopt new tax laws or modify existing law to increase taxes applicable to its business. For example, in Mexico, a general tax reform became effective on January 1, 2010, pursuant to which, as applicable to Coca-Cola FEMSA, there is a temporary increase in the income tax rate from 28% to 30% from 2010 through 2012. This increase will be followed by a reduction to 29% for the year 2013 and a further reduction in 2014 to return to the previous rate of 28%. In addition, the value added tax (VAT) rate increased in 2010 from 15% to 16%. This increase had an impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations due to the reduction in disposable income of consumers.

In Panama, there was an increase in a certain consumer tax, effective as of April 1, 2010, affecting syrups, powders and concentrate. Some of these materials are used for the production of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling beverages. These taxes increased from 6% to 10%.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products are also subject to certain taxes in many of the countries in which it operates. The imposition of new taxes or increases in taxes on its products may have a material adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial condition, prospects and results of operations. Certain countries in Central America, as well as Brazil and Argentina and Brazilalso impose taxes on sparkling beverages. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulatory Matters—Taxation of Sparkling Beverages.” We cannot assure you that any governmental authority in any country where Coca-Cola FEMSA operates will not impose new taxes or increase taxes on its products in the future. The imposition of new taxes or increases in taxes on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products may have a material adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial condition, prospects and results from operations.

Regulatory developments may adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.

Coca-Cola FEMSA is subject to regulation in each of the territories in which it operates. The principal areas in which Coca-Cola FEMSA is subject to regulation are environment, labor, taxation, health and antitrust. These regulationsRegulation can also affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ability to set prices for its products. See “Item 4. Information of the Company—Regulatory Matters.” The adoption of new laws or regulations or a stricter interpretation or enforcement thereof in the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may increase its operating costs or impose restrictions on its operations, which, in turn, may adversely affect its financial condition, business and results offrom operations. In particular, environmental standards are continually becoming more stringent in several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, and Coca-Cola FEMSA is also continually in the process of keeping up and complying with these standards.standards, although we cannot assure you that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be able to meet the timelines for compliance established by the relevant regulatory authorities. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulatory Matters—Environmental Matters.” Further changes in current regulations may result in an increase in compliance costs, which may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s future results offrom operations or financial condition.

Voluntary price restraints or statutory price controls have been imposed historically in several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently subject to price controls in Argentina and Venezuela. The imposition of these restrictions or voluntary price restraints in the futureother territories may have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results offrom operations and financial position. Although Mexican bottlers have been free to set prices for sparkling beverages without governmental intervention since January 1996, such prices had been subject to statutory price controls and to voluntary price restraints, which effectively limited Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ability to increase prices inSee “Item 4. Information of the Mexican market without governmental consent.Company—Regulatory Matters—Price Controls.” We cannot assure you that governmental authorities in any country where Coca-Cola FEMSA operates will not impose statutory price controls or that Coca-Cola FEMSA will not need to implement voluntary price restraints in the future.

In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended theLey para la Defensa y Acceso a las Personas a los Bienes y Servicios (Defense of and Access to Goods and Services Law). Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA is in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes, and any such changes could lead to an adverse impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA.

In July 2011, the Venezuelan government passed theLey de Costos y Precios Justos (Fair Costs and Prices Law). The purpose of this law is to establish the regulations and administrative processes necessary to maintain the price stability of, and equal access to, goods and services. The law also creates the National Ministry of Costs and Prices, whose main role is to oversee price controls and set maximum retail prices on certain consumer goods and services. Of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products, only certain of its still water beverages were affected by these regulations, which mandated Coca-Cola FEMSA to lower its sale prices as of April 2012. Any failure to comply with this law would result in fines, temporary suspension or the closure of operations. While Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently in compliance with this law, we cannot assure you that the Venezuelan government’s future regulation of goods and services will not result in a forced reduction of prices in other of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products, which could have a negative effect on its results of operations.

In January 2012, the Costa Rican government approved a decree that regulates the sale of food and beverages in schools. The decree came into effect in 2012. Enforcement of this law will be gradual, from applicability in 2012 to 2014, depending on the specific characteristics of the food or beverage in question. In accordance with the decree, the sale of specific sparkling beverages and still beverages that contain sugar, syrup or HFCS in any type of presentation in schools is prohibited. Coca-Cola FEMSA will still be allowed to sell water and certain still beverages in schools. We cannot assure you that the Costa Rican government will not further restrict sales of other of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products in schools in the future; any such further restrictions could lead to an adverse impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results of operations.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations have from time to time been subject to investigations and proceedings by antitrust authorities and litigation relating to alleged anticompetitive practices. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.”Coca-Cola FEMSA has also been subject to investigations and proceedings on environmental and labor matters. We cannot assure you that these investigations and proceedings could not have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations or financial condition. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.”

Economic and political conditions in the countries other than Mexico in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates may increasingly adversely affect its business.

In addition to operating in Mexico, our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA conducts operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina. Total revenues and income from Coca-Cola FEMSA’s combined non-Mexican operations increased as a percentage of its consolidated total revenues and income from operations from 47.4% and 32.4%, respectively, in 2006, to 64.3% and 62.0%, respectively, in 2011.As a consequence, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results have been increasingly affected by the economic and political conditions in the countries, other than Mexico, where it conducts operations.

Consumer demand, preferences, real prices and the costs of raw materials are heavily influenced by macroeconomic and political conditions in the other countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. These conditions vary by country and may not be correlated to conditions in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexican operations. Deterioration in economic and political conditions in any of these countries would have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial position and results from operations. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to face exchange rate risk as well as scarcity of raw materials and restrictions with respect to the importation of such materials. Venezuelan political events may also affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations. The political uncertainty involving Venezuela’s October 2012 elections or otherwise could have a negative effect on the Venezuelan economy, which in turn could result in an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business. We cannot provide any assurances that political developments in Venezuela, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business, financial condition or results of operations or financial condition.from operations.

In addition, presidential elections were held in November 2011 in each of Guatemala and Nicaragua. The elections in Guatemala led to the election of a new president and political party (thePartido Patriota(Patriotic Party)). The elections in Nicaragua led to the reelection of José Daniel Ortega Saavedra, a member of thePartido Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional(Sandinista National Liberation Front), as president. We cannot assure you that the elected presidents in these countries will continue to apply the same policies that have been applied to Coca-Cola FEMSA Cervezain the past.

Unfavorable economic conditions in Mexico, Brazil or the United States may adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s business.

Demand for the products of FEMSA Cerveza may be affected by economic conditions in Mexico, Brazil and the United States. In particular, demand in northern Mexico, where there are a large number of border towns, may be disproportionately affected by the performanceDepreciation of the United States’ economy, although demand in northern Mexico held steady in 2008 and in the first quarter of 2009. In addition, FEMSA Cerveza’s exports to the United States may be affected by reduced demand from the United States or from a reduction in prices by its competitors.

Any depreciationlocal currencies of the Mexican peso may negatively affectcountries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA Cerveza’s results of operations because a significant portion of its costs and expenses are denominated in, or determined by reference to, the U.S. dollar. In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza’s cost of sales increased 9.6% compared to 2007, in part as a result of the effect of the depreciation of the Mexican pesooperates against the U.S. dollar onmay increase its operating costs. Coca-Cola FEMSA Cerveza’s U.S. dollar-referenced costs and expenses.

Uncertaintyhas also operated under exchange controls in commodity prices of raw materials used by FEMSA Cerveza may result in increased costs and adversely affect its results of operations.

FEMSA Cerveza purchases a number of commodities for the production of its products (principally aluminum, barley, malt and hops) from Mexican producers and in the international market. The prices of such commodities can fluctuate and are determined by global supply and demand and other factors, including changes in exchange rates, over which FEMSA Cerveza has no control. Market prices for aluminum worldwide have been particularly volatileVenezuela since the second half of 2008, and the other commodities we purchase have also been affected by this volatility. Aluminum average U.S. dollar prices paid by FEMSA Cerveza in 2008 were stable compared to 2007.

In addition, because aluminum prices are denominated in U.S. dollars, an appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Mexican peso increases the cost to FEMSA Cerveza of aluminum as a percentage of net sales, as its sales are generally in Mexican pesos. In spite of grain and aluminum price declines in the international markets in the second half of the year, FEMSA Cerveza’s average prices for certain commodities were higher than market spot prices due to hedging agreements implemented at the beginning of the year consistent with its risk management approach. Average grain prices in U.S. dollars for FEMSA Cerveza increased over 35% in 2008, which led to a decrease in its results on operations. There can be no assurance2003 that FEMSA Cerveza will be able to recover increases in the cost of raw materials. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza—Raw Materials.” A further increase in raw material costs would adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s results of operations and cash flows.

FEMSA Cerveza’s sales in the United States depend on distribution arrangements with Heineken USA.

Heineken USA Inc., or Heineken USA, is the exclusive importer, marketer and distributor of FEMSA Cerveza’s beer brands in the United States. In April 2007, FEMSA Cerveza and Heineken USA entered into a new ten-year agreement, which began in January 2008, pursuant to which Heineken USA will continue to be the exclusive importer, marketer and distributor of FEMSA Cerveza’s beer brands in the United States. Accordingly, FEMSA Cerveza’s exports to the United States depend to a significant extent on Heineken USA’s performance under these agreements. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospectus—Recent Developments.” We cannot assure that Heineken USA will be able to maintain or increase sales of FEMSA Cerveza’s beer brands in the United States, nor that when the new agreement expires in December of 2017, FEMSA Cerveza will be able to renew the agreement or enter into a substitute arrangement on comparable terms.

FEMSA Cerveza’s sales in the Mexican market depend onlimit its ability to compete with Grupo Modelo.

FEMSA Cerveza faces competitionremit dividends abroad or make payments other than in local currencies and that may increase the real price paid for raw materials and services purchased in local currency. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rate and the establishment of a multiple exchange rate system, which was set at 2.60 bolivars to US$ 1.00 for high priority categories and 4.30 bolivars to US$ 1.00 for non-priority categories, and which recognized the existence of other exchange rates in which the Venezuelan government will intervene. In December 2010, the Venezuelan government announced its decision to implement a new singular fixed exchange rate of 4.30 bolivars to US$ 1.00, which resulted in a devaluation of the bolivar against the U.S. dollar. Future changes in the Mexican beer market from Grupo Modelo, S.A.B. de C.V.,Venezuelan exchange control regime, and future currency devaluations or Grupo Modelo. FEMSA Cerveza’s ability to compete successfullythe imposition of exchange controls in the Mexican beer market will have a significant impact on its Mexican sales. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza—The Mexican Beer Market.”

FEMSA Cerveza’s sales in the Brazilian market depend on its ability to compete with AmBev and local brewers.

FEMSA Cerveza faces competition in the Brazilian beer market from AmBev, which is 61.8% owned by A-B InBev, the largest beer producer in the world, as well as from Grupo Schincariol and Cervejarias Petropolis. FEMSA Cerveza’s ability to compete successfully in the Brazilian beer market will have a significant impact on its Brazilian sales. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza—The Brazilian Beer Market.”

Competition from imports in the Mexican beer market is increasing and may adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s business.

Imports represented 2.4%any of the Mexican beer marketcountries in terms of sales volume in 2008. Increased import competition, however,which Coca-Cola FEMSA has operations could result from potential new entrants to the Mexican beer market or from a change in consumer preferences in Mexico and could lead to greater competition in general, which may adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s business,have an adverse effect on its financial position and results of operations. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza—The Mexican Beer Market.”

Regulatory developments in our main markets could adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s business.

FEMSA Cerveza’s business is subject to a variety of different government regulations in our key markets of Mexico, Brazil and the United States, and thus may be affected by changes in law, regulation or regulatory policy. Particularly in Mexico, actions of federal and local authorities, specifically changes in governmental policy with respect to excise and value-added tax laws, regulations for alcoholic beverages, including advertising, and governmental actions relating to the beer industry practice of financing and bringing support to the point of sale through agreements or arrangements with retailers to sell and promote a beer producer’s products, may have a material adverse effect on FEMSA Cerveza’s business, financial position and results offrom operations.

Federal regulation of beer consumption in Mexico is primarily effected through a 25% excise tax, which includes an alternative minimum Mexican peso amount of Ps. 3.00 per liter for non-returnable presentations and Ps. 1.74 per liter for returnable presentations, and a 15% value-added tax. Currently, we do not anticipate an increase in these taxes, but federal regulation relating to excise taxes may change in the future, resulting in an increase or decrease in the tax. Local regulations are primarily effected through the issuance of licenses authorizing retailers to sell alcoholic beverages. Other regulations affecting beer consumption in Mexico vary according to local jurisdictions and include limitations on the hours during which restaurants, bars and other retail outlets are allowed to sell beer. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—FEMSA Cerveza—The Mexican Beer Market.”

FEMSA Cerveza may not be able to improve performance in its Brazilian operations.

FEMSA Cerveza owns 83% of Brazilian brewer Cervejarias Kaiser Brasil S.A., or Kaiser. Prior to the acquisition of Kaiser, Kaiser’s profitability and market position had declined as a result of operational changes by its prior owner and increased competition in the Brazilian beer market. Kaiser’s operating margins are therefore lower than those of FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican operations. Because most of the raw materials Kaiser purchases are denominated in U.S. dollars and Kaiser derives all of its revenues in Brazilian reais, an appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Brazilian reais would increase the real cost of raw materials to Kaiser, which occurred in 2008 and in the first quarter of 2009. Additionally, since 2008, Kaiser has experienced significant increases in raw material U.S. dollar prices. FEMSA Cerveza continues to be in the process of implementing a number of initiatives to seek to improve Kaiser’s performance, where market conditions differ significantly from Mexico. FEMSA Cerveza’s initiatives may not be successful in improving Kaiser’s performance, which would adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s sales growth and operating margins.

A water supply shortage could adversely affect FEMSA Cerveza’s business.

FEMSA Cerveza purchases water from Mexican government entities and obtains pump water from its own wells pursuant to concessions granted by the Mexican government.

FEMSA Cerveza believes that its water concessions will satisfy its current and future water requirements. We cannot assure you however, that isolated periodsthose political or social developments in any of adverse weatherthe countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA has operations, over which it has no control, will not affect FEMSA Cerveza’s supply of water to meethave a corresponding adverse effect on the economic situation and on its future production needs in any given period,business, financial condition or that its concessions will not be terminated or will be renewed by the Mexican government. Any of these events or actionsresults from operations.

Weather conditions may adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations.

Lower temperatures and higher rainfall may negatively impact consumer patterns, which may result in lower per capita consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s beverage offerings. Additionally, adverse weather conditions may affect road infrastructure in the territories in which Coca-Cola FEMSA Cerveza’s business, financial positionoperates and limit its ability to sell and distribute its products, thus affecting Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results from operations. As was the case in most of operations.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in 2011, adverse weather conditions affected Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sales in certain regions of these territories.

FEMSA Comercio

Competition from other retailers in Mexico could adversely affect FEMSA Comercio’s business.

The Mexican retail sector is highly competitive. FEMSA participates in the retail sector primarily through FEMSA Comercio. FEMSA Comercio’s OXXO convenience stores face competition on a regional basis from 7-Eleven, Super Extra, which is owned and managed by Grupo Modelo, our main competitor in the Mexican beer market, Super City AM/PM and CircleCírculo K stores. OXXO convenience stores also face competition from numerous small chains of retailers across Mexico. In the future, OXXO storesMexico and from retailers that participate with store formats other than convenience stores. FEMSA Comercio may face additional competition from other retailers that do not currently participate in the convenience store sector or from new market entrants. Increased competition may limit the number of new locations available to FEMSA Comercio and require FEMSA Comercio to modify its product offering or pricing. In addition, consumers may prefer alternative products or store formats offered by competitors. As a result, FEMSA Comercio’s results offrom operations and financial position may be adversely affected by competition in the future.

Sales of OXXO convenience stores may be adversely affected by changes in economic conditions in Mexico.

Convenience stores often sell certain products at a premium. The convenience store market is thus highly sensitive to economic conditions, since an economic slowdown is often accompanied by a decline in consumer purchasing power, which in turn results in a decline in the overall consumption of FEMSA Comercio’s main product categories. During periods of economic slowdown, OXXO stores may experience a decline in traffic per store and purchases per customer, and this may result in a decline in FEMSA Comercio’s results offrom operations.

FEMSA Comercio may not be able to maintain its historic growth rate.

FEMSA Comercio increased the number of OXXO stores at an averagea compound annual growth rate of 16%14.5% from 20042007 to 2008.2011. The growth in the number of OXXO stores has driven growth in total revenue and operating income at FEMSA Comercio over the same period. As the overall number of stores increases, percentage growth in the number of OXXO stores is likely to decrease. In addition, as convenience store penetration in Mexico grows, the number of viable new store locations may decrease, and new store locations may be less favorable in terms of same store sales, average ticket and store traffic. As a result, FEMSA Comercio’s future results offrom operations and financial condition may not be consistent with prior periods and may be characterized by lower growth rates in terms of total revenue and operating income. In Colombia, FEMSA Comercio may not be able to maintain similar historic growth rates to those in Mexico.

FEMSA Comercio’s business may be adversely affected by an increase in the crime rate in Mexico.

In recent years, crime rates have increased, particularly in the north of Mexico, and there has been a particular increase in drug-related crime and other organized crime. Although FEMSA Comercio has stores across the majority of the Mexican territory, the north of Mexico represents an important region in FEMSA Comercio’s operations. An increase in crime rates could negatively affect sales and customer traffic, increase security expenses incurred in each store, result in higher turnover of personnel or damage to the perception of the OXXO brand, each of which could have an adverse effect on FEMSA Comercio’s business.

FEMSA Comercio’s business may be adversely affected by changes in information technology.

FEMSA Comercio invests aggressively in information technology (which we refer to as IT) in order to maximize its value generation potential. Given the rapid speed at which FEMSA Comercio adds new services and products to its commercial offerings, the development of IT systems, hardware and software needs to keep pace with the growth of the business. If these systems became unstable or if planning for future IT investments were inadequate, it could affect FEMSA Comercio’s business by reducing the flexibility of its value proposition to consumers or by increasing its operating complexity, either of which could adversely affect FEMSA Comercio’s revenue-per-store trends.

Risks Related to Our Holding of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. Shares

FEMSA will not control Heineken N.V.’s and Heineken Holding N.V.’s decisions.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, which we refer to as the Heineken transaction. As a consequence of the Heineken transaction, FEMSA now participates in the Heineken Holding N.V. Board of Directors, which we refer to as the Heineken Holding Board, and in the Heineken N.V. Supervisory Board, which we refer to as the Heineken Supervisory Board. However, FEMSA is not a majority or controlling shareholder of Heineken N.V. or Heineken Holding N.V., nor does it control the decisions of the Heineken Holding Board or the Heineken Supervisory Board. Therefore, the decisions made by the majority or controlling shareholders of Heineken N.V. or Heineken Holding N.V. or the Heineken Holding Board or the Heineken Supervisory Board may not be consistent with or may not consider the interests of FEMSA’s shareholders or may be adverse to the interests of FEMSA’s shareholders. Additionally, FEMSA has agreed not to disclose non-public information and decisions taken by Heineken.

Heineken is present in a large number of countries.

Heineken is a global distributor and brewer of beer in a large number of countries. As a consequence of the Heineken transaction, FEMSA shareholders are indirectly exposed to the political, economic and social circumstances affecting the markets in which Heineken is present, which may have an adverse effect on the value of FEMSA’s interest in Heineken, and, consequently, the value of FEMSA shares.

Strengthening of the Mexican peso.

In the event of a depreciation of the euro against the Mexican peso, the fair value of FEMSA’s investment in shares will be adversely affected.

Furthermore, the cash flow that is expected to be received in the form of dividends from Heineken will be in euros, and therefore, in the event of a depreciation of the euro against the Mexican peso, the amount of expected cash flow will be adversely affected.

Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. are publicly listed companies.

Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. are listed companies whose stock trades publicly and is subject to market fluctuation. A reduction in the price of Heineken N.V. or Heineken Holding N.V. shares would result in a reduction in the economic value of FEMSA’s participation in Heineken.

Risks Related to Our Principal Shareholders and Capital Structure

A majority of our voting shares are held by a voting trust, which effectively controls the management of our company, and whose interests may differ from those of other shareholders.

As of May 29, 2009,March 23, 2012, a voting trust, of which the participants of which are members of fiveseven families, owned 38.69% of our capital stock and 74.86% of our capital stock with full voting rights, consisting of the Series B Shares. Consequently, the voting trust has the power to elect a majority of the members of our board of directors and to play a significant or controlling role in the outcome of substantially all matters to be decided by our board of directors or our shareholders. The interests of the voting trust may differ from those of our other shareholders. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Voting Rights and Certain Minority Rights.”

Holders of Series D-B and D-L Shares have limited voting rights.

Holders of Series D-B and D-L Shares have limited voting rights and are only entitled to vote on specific matters, such as certain changes in the form of our corporate organization, dissolutions, liquidations,dissolution, or liquidation, a merger with a company with a distinct corporate purpose, a merger in which we are not the surviving entity, a change of our jurisdiction of incorporation, the cancellation of the registration of the Series D-B and D-L Shares and any other matters that expressly require approval from such holders under the Mexican Securities Law. As a result of these limited voting rights, Series D-B and D-L holders will not be able to influence our business or operations. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Voting Rights and Certain Minority Rights.”

Holders of ADSs may not be able to vote at our shareholder meetings.

Our shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, in the form of ADSs. We cannot assure you that holders of our shares in the form of ADSs will receive notice of shareholders’ meetings from our ADS depositary in sufficient time to enable such holders to return voting instructions to the ADS depositary in a timely manner. In the event that instructions are not received with respect to any shares underlying ADSs, the ADS depositary will, subject to certain limitations, grant a proxy to a person designated by us in respect of these shares. In the event that this proxy is not granted, the ADS depositary will vote these shares in the same manner as the majority of the shares of each class for which voting instructions are received.

Holders of BD Units in the United States and holders of ADSs may not be able to participate in any future preemptive rights offering and as a result may be subject to dilution of their equity interests.

Under applicable Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as a part of a capital increase, other than in connection with a public offering of newly issued shares or treasury stock, we are generally required to grant our shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage. Rights to purchase shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. WeBy law, we may not legally allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to exercise any preemptive rights in any future capital increases unless (1) we file a registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the SEC, with respect to that future issuance of shares or (2) the offering qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933. At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC, as well as the benefits of preemptive rights to holders of our shares in the form of ADSs in the United States and any other factors that we consider important in determining whether to file a registration statement.

We may decide not to file a registration statement with the SEC to allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to participate in a preemptive rights offering. In addition, under current Mexican law, the sale by the ADS depositary of preemptive rights and the distribution of the proceeds from such sales to the holders of our shares in the form of ADSs is not possible. As a result, the equity interest of holders of our shares in the form of ADSs would be diluted proportionately. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws—Preemptive Rights.”

The protections afforded to minority shareholders in Mexico are different from those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States.

Under Mexican law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from, and may be less than, those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States. Mexican laws do not provide a remedy to shareholders relating to violations of fiduciary duties. There is no procedure for class actions as such actions are conducted in the United States and there are different procedural requirements for bringing shareholder lawsuits against directors for the benefit of companies. Therefore, it may be more difficult for minority shareholders to enforce their rights against us, our directors or our controlling shareholders than it would be for minority shareholders of a United States company.

Investors may experience difficulties in enforcing civil liabilities against us or our directors, officers and controlling persons.

FEMSA is organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of our assets and their respective assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons or to enforce judgments against them, including any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Mexico, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.

Developments in other countries may adversely affect the market for our securities.

The market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, influenced by economic and securities market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions are different in each country, investors’ reaction to developments in one country can have effects on the securities of issuers in other countries, including Mexico. We cannot assure you that events elsewhere, especially in emerging markets, will not adversely affect the market value of our securities.

The failure or inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or other distributions to us may adversely affect us and our ability to pay dividends to holders of ADSs.

FEMSA is a holding company. Accordingly, FEMSA’s cash flows are principally derived from dividends, interest and other distributions made to FEMSA by its subsidiaries. Currently, FEMSA’s subsidiaries do not have contractual obligations that require them to pay dividends to FEMSA. In addition, debt and other contractual obligations of our subsidiaries may in the future impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to make dividend or other payments to FEMSA, which in turn may adversely affect FEMSA’s ability to pay dividends to shareholders and meet its debt and other obligations. As of December 31, 2011, FEMSA had no restrictions on its ability to pay dividends. Given the exchange of 100% of our FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, FEMSA’s non-controlling shareholder position in Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. means that it will be unable to require payment of dividends with respect to the Heineken N.V. or Heineken Holding N.V. shares.

Risks Related to Mexico and the Other Countries in Which We Operate

Adverse economic conditions in Mexico may adversely affect our financial position and results offrom operations.

We are a Mexican corporation, and our Mexican operations are our single most important geographic territory. Given the exchange of 100% of our FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, FEMSA shareholders may face a lesser degree of exposure with respect to economic conditions in Mexico and a greater degree of indirect exposure to the political, economic and social circumstances affecting the markets in which Heineken is present. For the year ended December 31, 2008, 66%2011, 60% of our consolidated total revenues were attributable to Mexico.Mexico and at the net income level the percentage attributable to our Mexican

operations is further reduced. The Mexican economy is currently experiencingexperienced a downturn as a result of the impact of the global financial crisis on many emerging economies duringthat began in the second half of last year.2008 and continued through 2010. In the firstfourth quarter of 2009,2011, Mexican gross domestic product, or GDP, contractedincreased by approximately 3.3%3.7% on an annualized basis compared to the same period in 2008.2010, due to an improvement in the manufacturing and services sectors of the economy. The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, further deterioration in economic conditions in, or delays in recovery of, the U.S. economy may hinder any recovery in Mexico. In the past, Mexico has experienced both prolonged periods of weak economic conditions and deteriorations in economic conditions that have had a negative impact on our results offrom operations. Given the continuing global macroeconomic downturn in 20082009 and 2009,2010, and the slow and uncertain recovery in 2011, which also affected the Mexican economy, we cannot assure you that such conditions will not have a material adverse effect on our results offrom operations and financial position.position going forward.

Our business may be significantly affected by the general condition of the Mexican economy, or by the rate of inflation in Mexico, interest rates in Mexico and exchange rates for, or exchange controls affecting, the Mexican peso. Decreases in the growth rate of the Mexican economy, periods of negative growth and/or increases in inflation or interest rates may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing of our products or a shift to lower margin products. Because a large percentage of our costs and expenses are fixed, we may not be able to reduce costs and expenses upon the occurrence of any of these events, and our profit margins may suffer as a result.

In addition, an increase in interest rates in Mexico would increase the cost to us of variable rate debt, which constituted 45%41% of our total debt as of December 31, 20082011 (including the effect of interest rate swaps), and have an adverse effect on our financial position and results offrom operations. During 2008, due to constraints in the international credit market and limited credit availability in the international markets, as well as changes in the currency mix of our debt, our weighted average interest rate increased by 70 basis points.

Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our financial position and results offrom operations.

A depreciationDepreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar increases the cost to us of a portion of the raw materials we acquire, the price of which is paid in or determined with reference to U.S. dollars, and of our debt obligations denominated in U.S. dollars and thereby negatively affects our financial position and results offrom operations. A severe devaluation or depreciation of the Mexican peso may result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets and may limit our ability to transfer or to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our U.S. dollar-denominated debt or obligations in other currencies. Although the value of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar had been fairly stable since 2004,until mid-2008, in the fourth quarter of 2008, and continuing into 2009, the Mexican peso depreciated approximately 25%27% compared to 2007 as a resultthe fourth quarter of uncertainty in2007. Since 2008, the international markets and the downturn inMexican peso has continued to experience exchange rate fluctuations relative to the U.S. economy.dollar, as follows. During 2009 and 2010, the Mexican peso experienced a recovery relative to the U.S. dollar of approximately 5.2% and 5.6% compared to the year of 2008 and 2009, respectively. During 2011, the Mexican peso experienced a devaluation relative to the U.S. dollar of approximately 12.7% compared to 2010. In the first quarter of 2012, the Mexican peso appreciated approximately 8.2% relative to the U.S. dollar compared to the fourth quarter of 2011.

While the Mexican government does not currently restrict, and since 1982 has not restricted, the right or ability of Mexican or foreign persons or entities to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange rate policies in the future, as it has done in the past. Currency fluctuations may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results offrom operations and cash flows in future periods.

When the financial markets are volatile, as they have been in recent periods, our results offrom operations may be substantially affected by variations in exchange rates and commodity prices, and to a lesser degree, interest rates. These effects include foreign exchange gain and loss on assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, fair value gain and loss on derivative financial instruments, commodities prices and changes in interest income and interest expense. These effects can be much more volatile than our operating performance and our operating cash flows.

Political events in Mexico could adversely affect our operations.

Mexican political events may significantly affect our operations. Presidential elections in Mexico occur every six years, and the most recent election occurred in July 2006. Elections in both houses of the Mexican Congresssenate also occurred in July 2006, and although thePartido Acción Nacional(or the PAN) won a plurality of the seats in the Mexican Congresscongress in the election, no party succeeded in securing a majoritymajority. Elections of theCámara de Diputados(House of Representatives) occurred in either chamber2009, and although thePartido Revolucionario Institucional(or the PRI) won a plurality of seats in the Mexican Congress.House of Representatives, no party succeeded in securing a majority. The legislative gridlock resulting from the absence of a clear majority by aany single party, which is likelyexpected to continue even afteruntil the nextCámara de Diputados (HouseMexican presidential and federal congressional elections to be held in July 2012, has impeded the progress of Representatives) election in 2009. This situation may result in government gridlock and political uncertainty. We cannot provide any assurances that political developmentsstructural reforms in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect onmay adversely affect economic conditions in Mexico, and consequently, our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The Mexican presidential election in July 2012 will result in a change in administration, as Mexican law does not allow a sitting president to run for a second consecutive term. The presidential race is expected to be highly contested among a number of different parties, including the PRI, the PAN and thePartido de la Revolución Democrática (the Party of the Democratic Revolution, or PRD), each with its own political platform. As a result, we cannot predict which party will win the presidential election or whether changes in Mexican governmental policy will result from a change in administration. Such changes, should they occur, may adversely affect economic conditions and/or the industries in which we operate in Mexico, and therefore our results of operations and financial position.

EconomicInsecurity in Mexico could increase, and political conditionsthis could adversely affect our results.

The presence and increasing levels of violence among drug cartels, and between these and the Mexican law enforcement and armed forces, pose a risk to our business. Organized criminal activity and related violent incidents remained high during 2011 and the first quarter of 2012 and are relatively concentrated along the northern Mexican border, as well as in certain other Mexican states such as Sinaloa, Michoacán and Guerrero. Mexican President Felipe Calderón has acted to fight the drug cartels and has disrupted the balance of power among them. The principal driver of organized criminal activity is the drug trade that aims to supply and profit from the uninterrupted demand for drugs and the supply of weapons from the United States. This situation could impact our business because consumer habits and patterns adjust to the increased perceived and real insecurity as people refrain from going out as much and gradually shift some on-premise consumption to off-premise consumption of food and beverages on certain social occasions. Insecurity could increase, and this could therefore adversely affect our operational and financial results.

Depreciation of local currencies in other Latin American countries in which we operate may adversely affect our business.financial position.

In addition to conducting operations in Mexico, our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA conducts operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina and, beginning in 2006, our subsidiary FEMSA Cerveza also conducts operations in Brazil. These countries expose us to different or greater country risk than Mexico. Consumer demand, preferences, real prices and the costs of raw materials are heavily influenced by macroeconomic and political conditions in the other countries in which we operate. These conditions vary by country and may not be correlated to conditions in our Mexican operations. In particular, Brazil and Colombia have a history of economic volatility and political instability, although more recently they benefited from high growth rates and relative economic stability in recent periods. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA faces exchange risk as well as work stoppages and potential scarcity of raw materials. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also experienced short-term disruptions in its business in Venezuela over the past few years. Deterioration in economic and political conditions in many of these countries would have an adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.

Total revenues increased in certain of our non-Mexican beverage operations at a higher rate relative to their respective Mexican operations in 2008. This2010. Although this was not the case in 2011, the recurrence of such a higher rate of total revenue growth could result in a greater contribution to the respective results offrom operations for these territories, but may also expose us to greater risk in these territories as a result. In 2008,The devaluation of the local currencies against the U.S. dollar in our non-Mexican territories increasedcan increase our operating costs in these countries, and depreciation of the local currencies against the Mexican peso can negatively affectedaffect our results offrom operations for these countries, as reported in our consolidated financial statements.countries. In recent years, the value of the currency in the countries in which we operate had been relatively stable. However,stable except in 2008, as a result of uncertainty in the international markets and the downturn in the U.S. economy, these currencies depreciated significantly against the U.S. dollar.Venezuela. Future currency devaluation or the imposition of exchange controls in any of these countries, including Mexico, would have an adverse effect on our financial position and results offrom operations.

ITEM 4.INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

The Company

Overview

We are a Mexican company headquartered in Monterrey, Mexico, and our origin dates back to 1890. Our company was incorporated on May 30, 1936 and has a duration of 99 years. The duration can be extended indefinitely by resolution of our shareholders. Our legal name is Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V., and in commercial contexts we frequently refer to ourselves as FEMSA. Our principal executive offices are located at General Anaya No. 601 Pte., Colonia Bella Vista, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64410, Mexico. Our telephone number at this location is (52-81) 8328-6000. Our website is www.femsa.com. We are organized as asociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable under the laws of Mexico.

We conduct our operations through the following principal holding companies, each of which we refer to as a principal sub-holding company:

 

Coca-Cola FEMSA, which engages in the production, distribution and marketing of soft drinks;

 

FEMSA Cerveza,Comercio, which engages in the production, distribution and marketing of beer;operates convenience stores; and

 

CB Equity, which holds our investment in Heineken.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA Comercio,announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which operates convenience stores.FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. Under Mexican FRS, we have reclassified our consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2009 to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation. However, FEMSA Cerveza is not a discontinued operation under U.S. GAAP. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation” and Notes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Corporate Background

FEMSA traces its origins to the establishment of Mexico’s first brewery, Cervecería Cuauhtémoc, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Cuauhtémoc, thatwhich was founded in 1890 by four Monterrey businessmen: Francisco G. Sada, José A. Muguerza, Isaac Garza and José M. Schneider. Descendants of certain of the founders of Cuauhtémoc controlare participants of the voting trust that controls the management of our company.

In 1891, the first year of production, Cuauhtémoc produced 2,000 hectoliters of beer. Cuauhtémoc continued to expand through additions to existing plant capacity and through acquisitions of other Mexican breweries, and has continued to increase its production capacity in Mexico, reaching approximately 37.080 million hectoliters in 2008.

The strategic integration of our company dates back to 1936 when our packaging operations were established to supply crown caps to the brewery. During this period, these operations were part of what was known as the Monterrey Group, which also included interests in banking, steel and other packaging operations.

In 1974, the Monterrey Group was split between two branches of the descendants of the founding families of Cuauhtémoc. The steel and other packaging operations formed the basis for the creation of Corporación Siderúrgica, S.A. (later(now Alfa, S.A.B. de C.V.), controlled by the Garza Sada family, and the beverage and banking operations were consolidated under the FEMSAValores Industriales, S.A. de C.V. (the corporate predecessor of FEMSA) corporate umbrella controlled by the Garza Lagüera family. FEMSA’s shares were first listed on what is now the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. (which we refer to as the Mexican Stock ExchangeExchange) on September 19, 1978. Between 1977 and 1981, FEMSA diversified its operations through acquisitions in the soft drinks and mineral water industries, the establishment of the first convenience stores under the trade name OXXO and other investments in the hotel, construction, auto parts, food and fishing industries, which were considered non-core businesses and were subsequently divested.

In August 1982, the Mexican government suspended payment on its international debt obligations and nationalized the Mexican banking system. In 1985, certain controlling shareholders of FEMSA acquired a

controlling interest in Cervecería Moctezuma, S.A., which was then Mexico’s third-largest brewery and which we refer to as Moctezuma, and related companies in the packaging industry. FEMSA subsequently undertook an extensive corporate and financial restructuring that was completed in December 1988, and pursuant to which FEMSA’s assets were combined under a single corporate entity, which became Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Emprex.

In October 1991, certain majority shareholders of FEMSA acquired a controlling interest in Bancomer, S.A., which we refer to as Bancomer. The investment in Bancomer was undertaken as part of the Mexican government’s reprivatization of the banking system, which had been nationalized in 1982. The Bancomer acquisition was financed in part by a subscription by Emprex’s shareholders, including FEMSA, of shares in Grupo Financiero Bancomer, S.A. de C.V. (currently Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.), which we refer to as BBVA Bancomer, the Mexican financial services holding company that was formed to hold a controlling interest in Bancomer. In February 1992, FEMSA offered Emprex’s shareholders the opportunity to exchange the BBVA Bancomer shares to which they were entitled for Emprex shares owned by FEMSA. In August 1996, the shares of BBVA Bancomer that were received by FEMSA in the exchange with Emprex’s shareholders were distributed as a dividend to FEMSA’s shareholders.

Upon the completion of these transactions, we began a series of strategic transactions to strengthen the competitive positions of our operating subsidiaries. These transactions included the sale of a 30% strategic interest in Coca-Cola FEMSA to a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company and a subsequent public offering of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares, both of which occurred in 1993, and the sale of a 22% strategic interest in FEMSA Cerveza to Labatt Brewing Company Limited, which we refer to as Labatt, in 1994. Labatt, which was later acquired by InBev S.A., or InBev (known at the time of the acquisition of Labatt as Interbrew and currently referred to as A-B InBev), subsequently increased its interest in FEMSA Cerveza to 30%.

In 1998, we completed a reorganization that:

 

simplifiedchanged our capital structure by converting our outstanding capital stock at the time of the reorganization into BD Units and B Units, and

 

united the shareholders of FEMSA and the former shareholders of Emprex at the same corporate level through an exchange offer that was consummated on May 11, 1998.

As part of the reorganization, FEMSA listed ADSs on the New York Stock ExchangeNYSE representing BD Units, and listed the BD Units and its B Units on the Mexican Stock Exchange.

In May 2003, our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA expanded its operations throughout Latin America by acquiring 100% of Panamco México, S.A. de C.V,Panamerican Beverages, Inc., which we refer to as Panamco, then the largest soft drink bottler in Latin America in terms of sales volume in 2002. Through its acquisition of Panamco, Coca-Cola FEMSA began producing and distributingCoca-Cola trademark beverages in additional territories in Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, along with bottled water, beer and other beverages in some of these territories. The Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries received Series D Shares in exchange for their equity interest in Panamco of approximately 25%.

OnIn August 31, 2004, we consummated a series of transactions with InBev, Labatt and certain of their affiliates to terminate the existing arrangements between FEMSA Cerveza and Labatt. As a result of these transactions, FEMSA acquired 100% ownership of FEMSA Cerveza and previously existing arrangements among affiliates of FEMSA and InBev relating to governance, transfer of ownership and other matters with respect to FEMSA Cerveza were terminated.

OnIn June 1, 2005, we consummated an equity offering of 80.5 million BD Units (including BD Units in the form of ADSs) and 52.78 million B units that resulted in net proceeds to us of US$ 700 million after underwriting spreads and commissions. We used the proceeds of the equity offering to refinance indebtedness incurred in connection with the transactions with InBev, Labatt and certain of their affiliates.

On

In January 13, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza, through one of its subsidiaries, acquired 68% of the equity of the Brazilian brewer Cervejarias Kaiser, which we refer to as Kaiser, from the Molson Coors Brewing Company, or Molson Coors, for US$ 68 million. Molson Coors retained a 15% ownership stake in Kaiser, while Heineken N.V.’s ownership of 17% remained unchanged. In December 2006, Molson Coors completed its exit from Kaiser by exercising its option to sell its 15% holding to FEMSA Cerveza. On December 22, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza made a capital increase of US$ 200 million in Kaiser. At the time, Heineken N.V. elected not to participate in the increase, thereby diluting its 17% interest in Kaiser to

0.17%, and FEMSA Cerveza thereby increasingincreased its stake to 99.83% of the equity of Kaiser, however,Kaiser. However, in August 2007, FemsaFEMSA Cerveza and Heineken NVN.V. closed a stock purchase agreement whereby Heineken NVN.V. purchased the shares necessary to regain its 17% interest in Kaiser. As a result of this transaction, FEMSA Cerveza now ownsobtained ownership of 83% of Kaiser and Heineken NV ownsN.V. obtained ownership of 17%.

OnIn November 3, 2006, we acquired from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company 148,000,000 Series “D”D shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA, representing 8.02% of the total outstanding stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA. We acquired these shares at a price of US$ 2.888 per share, or US$ 427.4 million in the aggregate, pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding with The Coca-Cola Company. As of May 29, 2009, FEMSAApril 20, 2012, we indirectly owns 53.7% of the capital stockowned Series A Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA equal to 50.0% of its capital stock (63.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights) and The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns 31.6% of the capital stockowned Series D Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA equal to 29.4% of its capital stock (37.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights). The remaining 14.7%20.6% of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s capital consistsstock consisted of Series L Shares with limited voting rights, which trade on the Mexican Stock Exchange andand/or on the New York Stock ExchangeNYSE in the form of ADSs under the trading symbol KOF.

In March 2007, at our company’s annual meeting,AGM, our shareholders approved a three-for-one stock split of FEMSA’s outstanding stock and our ADSs traded on the NYSE. The pro rata stock split had no effect on the ownership structure of FEMSA. The new units issued in the stock split were distributed by the Mexican Stock Exchange on May 28, 2007, to holders of record as of May 25, 2007, and ADSs traded on the NYSE were distributed on May 30, 2007, to holders of record as of May 25, 2007.

OnIn November 8, 2007, Administración, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (Administración), or Administración, a Mexican company owned directly or indirectly by Coca-Cola FEMSA and by The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 58,350,908 shares representing 100% of the shares of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle, for US$ 370 million in cash, with assumed liabilities of US$ 86 million. On June 30, 2008, Administración and Jugos del Valle merged, and Jugos del Valle became the surviving entity. Subsequent to the initial acquisition of Jugos del Valle, Coca-Cola FEMSA offered to sell 30% of its interest in Administración to other Coca-Cola bottlers in Mexico. As a result, of December 31, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA has a recorded investment of approximately 20% of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle. In December 2008, the surviving Jugos del Valle entity sold its operations to The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA and other bottlers ofCoca-Cola trademark brands in Brazil. These still beverage operations were integrated into a joint venturebusiness with The Coca-Cola Company in Brazil. Through Coca-Cola FEMSA’s joint ventures with The Coca-Cola Company, we distribute the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages and have begun to develop and distribute new products. As of December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009 and 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA has a recorded investment of 19.8% of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle.

OnIn April 22, 2008, FEMSA shareholders approved a proposal to amend our bylaws in order to preserve the unit structure for our shares that has been in place since May 1998, and to maintain our existing share structure beyond May 11, 2008. Our bylaws previously provided that on May 11, 2008 our Series D-B Shares would convert into Series B Shares and our Series D-L Shares would convert into Series L Shares with limited voting rights. In addition, our bylaws provided that, on May 11, 2008, our current unit structure would cease to exist and each of our B Units would be unbundled into five Series B Shares, while each BD Unit would unbundle into three Series B Shares and two newly issued Series L Shares. Following the April 22, 2008 shareholder approvals, the automatic conversion of our share and unit structures will no longer exist, and, absent shareholder action, our share structure will continue to be comprised of Series B Shares, which must represent not less than 51% of our outstanding capital stock, and Series D-B and Series D-L Shares, which together may represent up to 49% of our outstanding capital stock. Our Unit structure, absent shareholder action, will continue to consist of B Units, which bundle five Series B Shares, and BD Units, which bundle one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares. See “Item 9. The Offer and Listing —DescriptionListing—Description of Securities.”

On May 24, 2008, Mr. Eugenio Garza Lagüera, our Honorary Life Chairman, passed away. Mr. Garza Lagüera began his professional career as a chemist in Cuauhtémoc’s research department and became chairman of our Board of Directors in April 29, 1969. He served as member of several boards of directors of national and international firms. During his life he was recognized for his entrepreneurial and social trajectories.

In May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed its acquisition of Refrigerantes Minas Gerais, Ltda., or REMIL, in Brazil for US$ 364.1 million, net of cash received, and assumed liabilities of US$ 196.9 million.

In January 2010, FEMSA announced that its Board of Directors unanimously approved a definitive agreement under which FEMSA would exchange its FEMSA Cerveza business for a 20% economic interest in Heineken, one of the world’s leading brewers. Under the terms of the agreement, FEMSA received 43,018,320 shares of Heineken Holding N.V. and 43,009,699 shares of Heineken N.V., with an additional 29,172,504 shares of Heineken N.V. (which shares we refer to as the Allotted Shares) to be delivered pursuant to an allotted share delivery instrument, or the ASDI. Heineken also assumed US$ 2.1 billion of indebtedness, including FEMSA Cerveza’s unfunded pension obligations. The Allotted Shares were delivered to FEMSA in several installments during 2010 and 2011, with the final installment delivered on October 5, 2011. As of December 31, 2011, FEMSA’s interest in Heineken N.V. represented 12.53% of Heineken N.V.’s outstanding capital and 14.94% of Heineken Holding N.V.’s outstanding capital. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

In February 2010, FEMSA signed an agreement with subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company to amend the shareholders agreement for Coca-Cola FEMSA. The purpose of the amendment is to set forth that the appointment and compensation of the chief executive officer and all officers reporting to the chief executive officer, as well as the adoption of decisions related to the ordinary operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA, shall only require a simple majority vote of the board of directors. Decisions related to extraordinary matters (such as business acquisitions or combinations in an amount exceeding US$ 100 million, among others) shall continue to require the vote of the majority of the board of directors, including the affirmative vote of two of the board members appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. The amendment was approved at Coca-Cola FEMSA’s extraordinary shareholders meeting on April 14, 2010, and is reflected in the bylaws of Coca-Cola FEMSA. This amendment was signed without transfer of any consideration. The percentage of our voting interest in our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA remains the same after the signing of this amendment.

In April 2010, Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. held their AGM, and approved the acquisition of 100% of the shares of the beer operations owned by FEMSA, under the terms announced in January 2010. The AGM of Heineken appointed, subject to the completion of the acquisition of FEMSA’s beer operations, Mr. Jose Antonio Fernández Carbajal as member of the Board of Directors of Heineken Holding N.V. and the Heineken Supervisory Board, and Mr. Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines as second representative in the Heineken Supervisory Board. Their appointments became effective on April 30, 2010.

In April 2010, FEMSA held its AGM, during which shareholders approved the transaction with Heineken. Shareholders approved the exchange of 100% of FEMSA’s beer operations in Mexico and Brazil for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group, and the assumption by Heineken of debt in the amount of US$2.1 billion, under the transaction terms described in January 2010.

In April 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

In September 2010, FEMSA sold Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as Promotora, to The Coca-Cola Company. Promotora was the owner of theMundet brands of soft drinks in Mexico.

In September 2010, FEMSA signed definitive agreements with GPC III, B.V. to sell its flexible packaging and label operations, Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V. This transaction was part of FEMSA’s strategy to divest non-core assets. The transaction was closed on December 31, 2010.

During the third quarter of 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed a transaction with a Brazilian subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company to produce, sell and distributeMatte Leão branded products. This transaction reinforced Coca-Cola FEMSA’s non-carbonated product offering through the platform that is operated by The Coca-Cola Company and its bottling partners in Brazil. As a part of the agreement, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been selling and distributing certainMatte Leão branded ready-to-drink products since the first quarter of 2010. As of April 20, 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA had a 19.4% indirect interest in theMatte Leãobusiness in Brazil.

In March 2011, a consortium of investors formed by FEMSA, the Macquarie Mexican Infrastructure Fund and other investors, acquired Energía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as EAI, and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as EEM, from subsidiaries of Preneal, S.A., which we refer to as Preneal. EAI and EEM together constitute the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm, a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in the southeastern region of the State of Oaxaca. The Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm is expected to be the largest wind power farm in Latin America.

In March 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, with The Coca-Cola Company and through Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V., acquired Grupo Industrias Lácteas, which we refer to as Estrella Azul, a Panamanian company engaged for more than 50 years in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories. Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired a 50% interest and will continue to develop this business with The Coca-Cola Company. Beginning in April 2011, both The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA commenced the gradual integration of Estrella Azul into the existing beverage platform they share for the development of non-carbonated products in Panama.

In October 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA merged with Administradora de Acciones del Noreste, S.A. de C.V., which constituted the beverage division of Grupo Tampico, S.A. de C.V. (which we refer to as Grupo Tampico) and was one of the largest family-ownedCoca-Cola product bottlers in Mexico, as calculated by sales volume. This franchise territory operates in the states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz, as well as in certain parts of the states of Hidalgo, Puebla and Querétaro, and sold 155.7 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value at the announcement date of this transaction was Ps. 9,300 million. Grupo Tampico’s principal shareholders received 63.5 million newly issued Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares. Coca-Cola FEMSA began to consolidate the beverage division of Grupo Tampico in its financial statements as of October 2011.

In December 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA began the construction of a production plant in Minas Gerais, Brazil, which will require an investment of 250 million Brazilian reais (equivalent to approximately US$ 140 million). We expect that the construction will generate 800 direct and indirect jobs. As of December 31, 2011, it was anticipated that the new plant would be completed within 18 months and begin operations in June 2013. The plant will be located on a parcel of land 300,000 square meters in size, and it is expected that by 2015 the annual production capacity will be approximately 2.1 billion liters of sparkling beverages, representing an increase of approximately 47% as compared to the current installed capacity of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plant in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The new plant will produce all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s existing brands and presentations ofCoca-Cola products.

In December 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA merged with the beverage division of Corporación de los Ángeles, S.A. de C.V. (which we refer to as Grupo CIMSA), which division was a Mexican family-owned bottler ofCoca-Cola trademark products. This franchise territory operates mainly in the states of Morelos and Mexico, as well as in certain parts of the states of Guerrero and Michoacán, and sold 154.8 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value at the announcement date of this transaction was Ps. 11,000 million. A total of 75.4 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares were issued in connection with the acquisition,transaction, and Coca-Cola FEMSA identified intangible assetsbegan to consolidate the beverage division of indefinite lifeGrupo CIMSA in its financial statements as of US$ 224.7 million.December 2011. As part of its merger with the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired a 13.2% equity interest in Promotora Industrial Azucarera, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Piasa.

On December 15, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into an agreement to merge the beverage division of Grupo Fomento Queretano, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (which we refer to Grupo Fomento Queretano) into Coca-Cola FEMSA. Grupo Fomento Queretano’s beverage division operates mainly in the Mexican state of Querétaro, as well as in parts of the states of Mexico, Hidalgo and Guanajuato. The merger agreement was approved by both Coca-Cola FEMSA’s and Grupo Fomento Queretano’s boards of directors, and is subject to the approval of theComisión Federal de Competencia (the Mexican Antitrust Commission, or the CFC) and of the shareholders meetings of both companies. The transaction will involve the issuance of approximately 45.1 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares, and in addition Coca-Cola FEMSA will assume Ps. 1,221 million in net debt. This transaction is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2012.

In February 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA announced that it had entered into a 12-month exclusivity agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to evaluate the potential acquisition by Coca-Cola FEMSA of a controlling ownership stake in the bottling operations owned by The Coca-Cola Company in the Philippines. Both parties believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s expertise and successful track record operating in fragmented markets and emerging economies could be effectively deployed in such territory, and contribute significantly toward expanding the penetration of, and consumer preference for, The Coca-Cola Company’s brands in that market. This exclusivity agreement does not require either party to enter into any transaction, and there can be no assurances that a definitive agreement will be executed.

On February 23, 2012, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mitsubishi Corporation, and Stichting Depositary PGGM Infrastructure Funds, a pension fund managed by PGGM, acquired the 45% interest held by FEMSA in the parent companies of the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm. Certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, FEMSA Comercio and Coca-Cola FEMSA have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm to purchase energy output produced by it. These agreements will remain in full force and effect. The sale of FEMSA’s participation as an investor will result in a gain.

Ownership Structure

We conduct our business through our principal sub-holding companies as shown in the following diagram and table:

Principal Sub-holding Companies—Ownership Structure

As of May 29, 2009March 31, 2012

LOGO

LOGO

 

(1)

Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V.

, which we refer to as CIBSA.

 

(2)

Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V.

(3)

Emprex Cerveza, S.A. de C.V.

(4)

Percentage of capital stock, equal to 63.0% of capital stock with full voting rights.

(3)Ownership in CB Equity held through various FEMSA subsidiaries.

(4)Combined economic interest in Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V.

The following tables presenttable presents an overview of our operations by reportable segment and by geographic region under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards:region:

Operations by Segment—Overview

Year Ended December 31, 20082011 and % of growth vs. last year(1)

 

  Coca-Cola FEMSA FEMSA Cerveza FEMSA Comercio   Coca-Cola FEMSA FEMSA Comercio CB Equity(2) 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos,
except for employees and percentages)
   (in millions of Mexican pesos,
except for employees and percentages)
   

Total revenues

  Ps.82,976  19.8 Ps.42,385   7.1 Ps.47,146  12.0   Ps.124,715     20.5  Ps.74,112     19.0  Ps. —       —  %  

Income from operations

   13,695  19.2    5,394   (1.9  3,077  32.6     20,152     18.0  6,276     20.7  (7)     (133)%  

Total assets

   97,958  12.4    65,549   —      17,185  20.3     151,608     32.9  26,998     14.0  76,791     14.6%  

Employees

   65,021  11.9    26,025(2)  6.1    21,261  34.4     78,979     15.4  83,820     14.7  —       N/a  

Total Revenues Summary by Segment(1)

 

  Year Ended December 31,  Year Ended December 31, 
  2008  2007  2006  2011   2010   2009 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos)  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  Ps.82,976  Ps.69,251  Ps.64,046   Ps.124,715     Ps.103,456     Ps.102,767  

FEMSA Cerveza

   42,385   39,566   37,919

FEMSA Comercio

   47,146   42,103   36,835   74,112     62,259     53,549  

CB Equity(2)

   —       —       N/a  

Other

   9,401   8,124   7,966   13,373     12,010     10,991  

Consolidated total revenues(3)

  Ps.168,022  Ps.147,556  Ps.136,120   Ps.203,044     Ps.169,702     Ps.160,251  

Total Revenues Summary by Geographic Region(3)(4)(5)

 

   Year Ended December 31,
   2008  2007  2006
   (in millions of Mexican pesos)

Mexico(4)

  Ps.114,640  Ps.106,136  Ps.99,310

Latincentro(5)

   12,853   11,901   11,148

Venezuela

   15,217   9,792   7,997

Mercosur(6)

   25,755   20,127   17,836

Consolidated total revenues

  Ps.168,022  Ps.147,556  Ps.136,120
   Year Ended December 31, 
    2011   2010   2009 

Mexico and Central America(3)(6)

   Ps.130,256     Ps.111,769     Ps.101,023  

South America(3)(7)

   53,113     44,468     37,507  

Venezuela

   20,173     14,048     22,448  

Consolidated total revenues(3)

   Ps.203,044     Ps.169,702     Ps.160,251  

 

(1)The sum of the financial data for each of our segments and percentages with respect thereto differ from our consolidated financial information due to intercompany transactions, which are eliminated in consolidation, and certain assets and activities of FEMSA.

 

(2)Includes employees of third-party distributors.CB Equity holds Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares.

 

(3)For 2009, consolidated total revenues have been modified to exclude FEMSA Cerveza financial information due to its presentation as a discontinued operation.

(4)In 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA changed its business structure and organization. As a result, revenues by geographic region have been regrouped into the following two regions: Mexico and Central America; and South America. See Note 25 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

(5)The sum of the financial data for each geographic region differs from our consolidated financial information due to intercompany transactions, which are eliminated in consolidation.

 

(4)(6)Includes export sales.Central America includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Domestic (Mexico-only) revenues were Ps. 122,690 million, Ps. 105,448 million and Ps. 94,819 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

(5)(7)Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.

(6)IncludesColombia, Brazil and Argentina. South America revenues include Brazilian revenues of Ps. 31,405 million, Ps. 27,070 million and Ps. 21,465 million, and Colombian revenues of Ps. 12,320 million, Ps. 11,057 million and Ps. 9,904 million, each for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Significant Subsidiaries

The following table sets forth our significant subsidiaries as of MayFebruary 29, 2009:2012:

 

Name of Company

  Jurisdiction of
Establishment
  Percentage
Owned

CIBSA(1)

Mexico100.0%

Coca-Cola FEMSA(2)

  Mexico   53.7%100.0

Propimex, S.A. de C.V.Coca-Cola FEMSA(1)

  Mexico   53.7%  50.0

Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. (a limited liability company; formerly Propimex, S.A. de C.V.)

Mexico  50.0

Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V.

  Mexico   53.7%  50.0

Coca-Cola FEMSA de Venezuela, S.A. (formerly Panamco México,Venezuela, S.A. de C.V.)

  MexicoVenezuela   51.9%

Refrescos Latinoamericanos, S.A. de C.V.

  50.0Mexico  53.7%

Spal Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A.

  Brazil   52.6%

Emprex Cerveza

  48.9Mexico100.0%

Desarrollo Comercial FEMSA, S.A. de C.V.

Mexico100.0%

FEMSA Cerveza

Mexico100.0%

Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, S.A. de C.V.

Mexico100.0%

FEMSA Comercio

  Mexico  100.0%100.0

CB Equity

United Kingdom100.0

 

(1)Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as CIBSA.

(2)Percentage of capital stock. FEMSA owns 63.0% of the capital stock with full voting rights.

Business Strategy

We areFEMSA is a leading company that participates in the non-alcoholic beverage company. Our soft drink operation,industry through Coca-Cola FEMSA, is the largest independent bottler ofCoca-Cola products in Latin America and the second largest in the world measured in terms of sales volumes in 2008, and our brewing operation, FEMSA Cerveza, is both a significant competitorvolume; in the Mexican and Brazilian beer markets as well as an exporter in key international markets including the United States. Coca-Colaretail industry through FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza are our core businesses, which together define our identity and represent the avenues for our future growth. Our beverage businesses are enhanced by OXXO,Comercio, operating the largest and fastest-growing chain of convenience store chainstores in MexicoLatin America; and in the beer industry, through its ownership of the second-largest equity stake in Heineken, one of the world’s leading brewers, with a total of 6,374 stores as of December 31, 2008 and a significant growth driveroperations in its own right.over 70 countries.

As a beverage company, weWe understand the importance of connecting with our end consumers by interpreting their needs, and ultimately delivering the right products to them for the right occasions.occasions and the optimal value proposition. We strive to achieve this by developing thebrand value, of our brands, expanding our significant distribution capabilities, including aligning our interests with those at our third-party distribution partners in the beer market in Mexico, which in some instances involve us acquiring these third-party partners, and improving the efficiency of our operations.operations while aiming to reach our full potential. We continue to improve our information gathering and processing systems in order to better know and understand what our consumers want and need, and we are improving our production and distribution by more efficiently leveraging our asset base.

We believe that the competencies that our businesses have developed can be replicated in other geographic regions. This underlying principle guided our consolidation efforts, which culminated in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s acquisition of Panamco onin May 6, 2003. The continental platform that this new combination produces—produced—encompassing a significant territorial expanse in Mexico and Central America, including some of the most populous metropolitan areas in Latin America—we believe may providehas provided us with opportunities to create value through both an improved ability to execute our strategies and the use of superior marketing tools. We have also increased our capabilities to operate and succeed in other geographic regions, by developing significant management and marketing tools to gain an understanding of local consumer needs and trends, as is the case with OXXO’s new Colombian operations. Going forward, we intend to use those capabilities to continue our international expansion of both Coca-Cola FEMSA and OXXO.

Our ultimate objectives are achieving sustainable revenue growth, improving profitability and increasing the return on invested capital in each of our operations. We believe that by achieving these goals we will create sustainable value for our shareholders.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Overview

Coca-Cola FEMSA is the largest franchise bottler ofCoca-Colatrademark beverages in Latin America, and the second largest in the world, calculated in each case by sales volume in 2008.world. Coca-Cola FEMSA operates in the following territories:

 

Mexico – a substantial portion of central Mexico (including Mexico City)City and the states of Michoacán and Guanajuato) and the southeast and northeast of Mexico (including the Gulf region).

 

Central America – Guatemala (Guatemala City and surrounding areas), Nicaragua (nationwide), Costa Rica (nationwide) and Panama (nationwide).

 

Colombia – most of the country.

 

Venezuela – nationwide.

 

Argentina – Buenos Aires and surrounding areas.

Brazil – the area of greater São Paulo, Campinas, Santos, the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, part of the state of Minas Gerais and part of the state of Goiás.

Argentina – Buenos Aires and surrounding areas.

Coca-Cola FEMSA was organized on October 30, 1991 as asociedad anónima de capital variable (a variable capital stock corporation) under the laws of Mexico with a duration of 99 years. On December 5, 2006, in response toas required by amendments to the Mexican Securities Law, Coca-Cola FEMSA became asociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable (a listed variable capital listed stock corporation). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s legal name is Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal executive offices are located at Guillermo González Camarena No. 600, Col. Centro de Ciudad Santa Fé,Fe, Delegación Álvaro Obregón, México, D.F., 01210, México. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s telephone number at this location is (52-55) 5081-5100. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s website iswww.coca-colafemsa.com. www.coca-colafemsa.com.

The following is an overview of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations by reporting segment in 2008:2011.

Operations by Reporting Segment—Overview

Year Ended December 31, 20082011(1)

 

   Total
Revenues
  Percentage of
Total Revenues
 Income from
Operations
  Percentage of
Income from
Operations

Mexico

  33,799  40.7%   6,715  49.0%

Latincentro(2)

  12,791  15.4%   2,370  17.3%

Venezuela

  15,182  18.3%   1,289  9.4%

Mercosur(3)

  21,204  25.6%   3,321  24.3%

Consolidated

  82,976  100% 13,695  100%
   Total
Revenues
   Percentage of
Total Revenues
  Income from
Operations
   Percentage of
Income from
Operations
 

Mexico and Central America(2)

   52,196     41.9  8,906     44.2

South America (excluding Venezuela)(3)

   52,408     42.0  7,943     39.4

Venezuela

   20,111     16.1  3,303     16.4

Consolidated

   124,715     100.0  20,152     100.0

 

(1)Expressed in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages.

 

(2)Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Panama and Colombia.Panama. Includes results of the beverage division of Grupo Tampico from October 2011 and of the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA from December 2011.

 

(3)Includes Colombia, Brazil and ArgentinaArgentina.

Corporate History

In 1979, one of our subsidiaries acquired certain soft drinksparkling beverage bottlers that are now a part of its company.Coca-Cola FEMSA. At that time, the acquired bottlers had 13 Mexican distribution centers operating 701 distribution routes, and their production capacity was 83 million physical cases. In 1991, FEMSA transferred its ownership in the bottlers to FEMSA Refrescos, S.A. de C.V., the corporate predecessor toof Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V.

In June 1993, a subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company subscribed for 30% of Coca-Cola FEMSAFEMSA’s capital stock in the form of Series D Shares for US$ 195 million. In September 1993, FEMSA sold Series L Shares that

represented 19% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock to the public, and Coca-Cola FEMSA listed these shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and, in the form of ADSs, on the New York Stock Exchange.NYSE. In a series of transactions between 1994 and 1997, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired territories in Argentina and additional territories in southern Mexico.

In May 2003, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired Panamco and began producing and distributingCoca-Colatrademark beverages in additional territories in the central and the gulf regions of Mexico and in Central America (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama), Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, along with bottled water, beer and other beverages in some of these territories. As a result of the acquisition, the interest of The Coca-Cola Company in the capital stock of its companyCoca-Cola FEMSA increased from 30%30.0% to 39.6%.

During August 2004, Coca-Cola FEMSA conducted a rights offering to allow existing holders of its Series L Shares and ADSs to acquire newly-issued Series L Shares in the form of Series L Shares and ADSs, respectively, at the same price per share at which ourselveswe and The Coca-Cola Company subscribed in connection with the Panamco acquisition. OnIn March 8, 2006, its shareholders approved the non-cancellation of the 98,684,857 Series L Shares (equivalent to approximately 9.87 million ADSs, or over one-third of the outstandingissued Series L Shares)Shares at the time) that were not subscribed for in the rights offering which arewere available for issuancesubscription at an issuancea price of no less than US$ 2.216 per share or its equivalent in Mexican currency.

OnIn November 3, 2006, we acquired, through a subsidiary, 148,000,000 of Coca-Cola FEMSA Series D Shares from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company representing 9.4% of the total outstanding voting shares and 8.0% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA, at a price of US$ 2.888 per share for an aggregate amount of US$ 427.4 million. With this purchase, we increased our ownership to 53.7% of Coca-Cola FEMSAFEMSA’s capital stock. Pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSAFEMSA’s bylaws, the acquired shares were converted from Series D Shares to Series A Shares.

OnIn November 8, 2007, Administración, S.A.P.I., a Mexican company owned directly or indirectly by Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 100% of the shares of capital stock of Jugos del Valle. See “Item 4. “—The Company—Corporate Background.”

In December 2008, The business of Jugos del Valle in the United States was acquired and sold its Brazilian operations, Holdinbrás, Ltd. to a subsidiary ofby The Coca-Cola Company. Subsequently, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company and all Mexican and BrazilianCoca-Cola bottlers entered into a joint business for the Mexican and the Brazilian operations, respectively, of Jugos del Valle, through transactions completed during 2008. Taking into account the participations held by the beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA, Coca-Cola FEMSA currently holds an interest of 24.0% in the Mexican joint business and other bottlersapproximately 19.7% in the Brazilian joint businesses of Coca-Cola trademark brands in Brazil. These operations were integrated into the Sucos Mais business, a joint venture with The Coca-Cola Company in Brazil.Jugos del Valle. Jugos del Valle sells fruit juice-based beverages and fruit derivatives.

OnIn May 30, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a purchase agreementtransaction with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire its wholly-owned bottling territory,franchise REMIL, located in the stateState of Minas Gerais in Brazil. During the second quarter of 2008,Brazil, and Coca-Cola FEMSA closed this transaction forpaid a purchase price of US$ 364.1 million.million in June 2008. Coca-Cola FEMSA consolidatesbegan to consolidate REMIL in its financial statements as of June 1, 2008.

In December 2007 and May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold most of its proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. The proprietary brands are now being licensed back to Coca-Cola FEMSA by The Coca-Cola Company for a total amount ofpursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements. The December 2007 transaction was valued at US$ 6448 million and the May 2008 transaction was valued at US$ 16 million. BothCoca-Cola FEMSA believes that both of these transactions were conducted on an arm’s length basis. These trademarks are now being licensed toRevenues from the sale of proprietary brands in which Coca-Cola FEMSA by The Coca-Cola Company subject to existing bottler agreements.has a significant continuing involvement are deferred and amortized against the related costs of future sales over the estimated sales period.

In July 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired the jug water business of Agua de los Angeles,Ángeles, S.A. de C.V. (Agua, or Agua de los Angeles), a jug water businessÁngeles, in the Valley of Mexico (Mexico City and surrounding areas) from Grupo Embotellador CIMSA, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo CIMSA), at the time one of theCoca-Cola bottlers bottling franchises in Mexico, for a purchase price of US$ 18.3 million. The trademarks remain with The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA subsequently merged Agua de los Ángeles into its jug water business under theCiel brand.

In February 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA, completed the transaction with Bavaria, a subsidiary of SABMiller, to jointly acquiretogether with The Coca-Cola Company, acquired the Brisa bottled water business (includingin Colombia from Bavaria, a subsidiary of SABMiller. Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired the production

assets and the distribution territory, and The Coca-Cola Company acquired theBrisa brand).brand. Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company equally shared in paying the purchase price of US$ 92 million. Following a transition period, in June 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA started to sell and distribute theBrisa portfolio of products in Colombia.

In May 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into an agreement to develop theCrystal trademark water products in Brazil jointly with The Coca-Cola Company.

In August 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired from The Coca-Cola Company, along with other BrazilianCoca-Cola bottlers, the business operations of theMatte Leãotea brand. As of April 20, 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA had a 19.4% indirect interest in theMatte Leão business in Brazil.

In March 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, with The Coca-Cola Company and through Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V., acquired Estrella Azul, a Panamanian conglomerate that participates in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories in Panama. Coca-Cola FEMSA will continue to develop this business with The Coca-Cola Company.

In October 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA merged with the beverage division of Administradora de Acciones del Noreste, S.A. de C.V., which constituted Grupo Tampico’s beverage division and was one of the largest family-owned bottlers ofCoca-Cola trademark products in Mexico, as calculated by sales volume. This franchise territory operates in the states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz, as well as in certain parts of the states of Hidalgo, Puebla and Querétaro, and sold 155.7 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value at the announcement date of this transaction was shared equallyPs. 9,300 million, and a total of 63.5 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares were issued in connection with the transaction. Coca-Cola FEMSA began to consolidate the beverage division of Grupo Tampico in its financial statements as of October 2011.

In December 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA merged with the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA, a Mexican family-owned bottler ofCoca-Cola trademark products with operations mainly in the states of Morelos and México, as well as in certain parts of the states of Guerrero and Michoacán. This franchise territory sold 154.8 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 11,000 million, and a total of 75.4 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares were issued in connection with this transaction. Coca-Cola FEMSA began to consolidate the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA in its financial statements as of December 2011. As part of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s merger with the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA, it also acquired a 13.2% equity interest in Piasa.

Recent Mergers and Acquisitions

On December 15, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into an agreement to merge the beverage division of Grupo Fomento Queretano into Coca-Cola FEMSA. Grupo Fomento Queretano’s beverage division operates mainly in the Mexican state of Querétaro, as well as in parts of the states of Mexico, Hidalgo and Guanajuato. The merger agreement was approved by both Coca-Cola FEMSA’s and Grupo Fomento Queretano’s boards of directors, and is subject to the approval of the CFC and of the shareholders meetings of both companies. The transaction will involve the issuance of approximately 45.1 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares, and in addition Coca-Cola FEMSA will assume Ps. 1,221 million in net debt. This transaction is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2012.

In February 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a 12-month exclusivity agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to evaluate the potential acquisition by Coca-Cola FEMSA andof a controlling ownership stake in the bottling operations owned by The Coca-Cola Company.Company in the Philippines. Coca-Cola FEMSA remains in the process of evaluating this potential acquisition.

Capital Stock

As of March 31, 2009,April 20, 2012, we indirectly owned Series A Shares equal to 53.7% of Coca-Cola FEMSA equal to 50.0% of its capital stock (63%(63.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights), and. As of April 20, 2012, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owned Series D Shares equal to 31.6% of the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA (37%equal to 29.4% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’sits capital stock (37.0% of its capital stock with full voting rights). Series L Shares with limited voting rights, which trade on the Mexican Stock Exchange andand/or in the form of ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange, constituteNYSE, constituted the remaining 14.7%20.6% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock.

LOGO

Business Strategy

In August 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA is the largest bottlerrestructured its business under two new divisions: Mexico and Central America; and South America, creating a more flexible structure to execute its strategies and extend Coca-Cola FEMSA’s track record of growth. Previously, Coca-Colatrademark beverages FEMSA managed its business under three divisions: Mexico; Latincentro; and Mercosur. With this new business structure, Coca-Cola FEMSA aligned its business strategies more efficiently, ensuring a faster introduction of new products and categories, and a more rapid and effective design and deployment of commercial models.

Coca-Cola FEMSA operates with a large geographic footprint in Latin America in terms of total sales volume in 2008, with operationstwo divisions:

Mexico and Central America (covering certain territories in Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil. While its corporate headquarters are in Mexico City, it has established divisional headquarters in the following three regions:

Mexico with headquarters in Mexico City;

Latincentro (covering territories in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela) with headquarters in San José, Costa Rica;Panama); and

 

MercosurSouth America (covering certain territories in ArgentinaColombia, Brazil, Venezuela and Brazil) with headquarters in São Paulo, Brazil.Argentina).

One of Coca-Cola FEMSA seeksFEMSA’s goals is to provide its shareholders with an attractive return on their investment by increasing its profitability. The key factors in achieving increased revenuesmaximize growth and profitability to create value for its shareholders. Its efforts to achieve this goal are based on: (1) transforming Coca-Cola FEMSA’s commercial models to focus on its customers’ value potential and using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industry’s value potential; (2) implementing multi-segmentation strategies in its major markets to target distinct market clusters divided by consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socioeconomic levels; (2)(3) implementing well-planned product, packaging and pricing strategies through channel distribution; and (3)different distribution channels; (4) driving product innovation along its different product categoriescategories; (5) developing new businesses and (4)distribution channels; and (6) achieving the full operating potential of its commercial models and processes to drive operational efficiencies throughout its company. To achieve these goals, Coca-Cola FEMSA continuesintends to continue to focus its efforts in:on, among other initiatives, the following:

 

working with The Coca-Cola Company to develop a business model to continue exploring and participating in new lines of beverages, extendextending existing product lines participate in new beverage lines and effectively advertiseadvertising and marketmarketing its products;

 

developing and expanding its still beverage portfolio through innovation, strategic acquisitions and by entering into joint venturesagreements to acquire companies with The Coca-Cola Company;

 

implementing packaging strategies designed to increase consumer demand for its products and to build a strong returnable base for theCoca-Colabrand selectively;

replicatingexpanding its best practices throughout the whole value chain;

rationalizingbottled water strategy, with The Coca-Cola Company, through innovation and adaptingselective acquisitions to maximize profitability across its organizational and asset structure in order to be in a better position to respond to a changing competitive environment;market territories;

 

strengthening its selling capabilities and go-to-market strategies, including pre-sale, conventional selling and hybrid routes, in order to get closer to its clients and help them satisfy the beverage needs of consumers;

 

implementing selective packaging strategies designed to increase consumer demand for its products and to build a strong returnable base for theCoca-Cola brand;

expandingreplicating its bottled water strategy,best practices throughout the value chain;

rationalizing and adapting its organizational and asset structure in conjunction with The Coca-Cola Company through innovation and selective acquisitionsorder to maximize its profitability across its market territories;be in a better position to respond to a changing competitive environment;

 

committing to building a multi-cultural collaborative team, from top to bottom; and

 

seeking to expandbroadening its geographical footprint.geographic footprint through organic growth and strategic joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions.

Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks to increase per capita consumption of its products in the territories in which it operates. To that end, its marketing teams continuously develop sales strategies tailored to the different characteristics of its various territories and distribution channels. Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to develop its product portfolio to better meet market demand and maintain its overall profitability. To stimulate and respond to consumer demand, itCoca-Cola FEMSA continues to introduce new categories, products and new presentations. See “—Product and Packaging Mix.” It also seeks to increase placement of coolers, including promotional displays, in retail outlets in order to showcase and promote its products. In addition, because itCoca-Cola FEMSA views its relationship with The Coca-Cola Company as integral to its business, strategy, itCoca-Cola FEMSA uses market information systems and strategies developed with The Coca-Cola Company to improve its coordination with the worldwidebusiness and marketing efforts of The Coca-Cola Company. See “—Marketing—Channel Marketing.”

strategies.

Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks to rationalize its manufacturing and distribution capacity to improve the efficiency of its operations. In each of 2005, 2006 and 2007, Coca-Cola FEMSA closed additional distribution centers. In 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA also closed a production facility in its Mexican territory. See “—Description of Property, Plant and Equipment.” In each of its facilities, Coca-Cola FEMSAcontinuously seeks to increase productivity in its facilities through infrastructure and process reengineering for improved asset utilization. Its capital expenditure program includes investments in production and distribution facilities, bottles, cases, coolers and information systems. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that this program will allow it to maintain its capacity and flexibility to innovate and to respond to consumer demand for its non-alcoholic beverages.products.

Finally, Coca-Cola FEMSA focuses on management quality as a key element of its growth strategiesstrategy, and remains committed to fostering the development of quality management at all levels. Both we and The Coca-Cola Company and we provide Coca-Cola FEMSA with managerial experience. To build upon these skills, Coca-Cola FEMSA also offers management training programs designed to enhance its executives’ abilities and exchangeto provide a forum for exchanging experiences, know-how and talent among an increasing number of multinational executives from its new and existing territories.

Sustainable development is an integral part of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s strategic framework for business growth. Coca-Cola FEMSA bases its efforts on five core areas: (i) Ethics and Corporate Values, which defines its commitment to acting, defining and organizing itself based on its corporate values and culture; (ii) Quality of Life in the Company, which encourages the integral development of its employees and their families; (iii) Health and Wellness, to promote an attitude of health, self-care, nutrition and physical activity, both within and outside the company; (iv) Community Engagement, to develop education and learning projects that improve the quality of life

in the communities where Coca-Cola FEMSA operates; and (v) Environmental Care, to establish guidelines that result in actions to minimize the impact that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations might have on the environment and create a broader awareness of caring for the environment.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Territories

The following map shows Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, giving estimates in each case of the population to which it offers products, the number of retailers of its sparkling beverages and the per capita consumption of its sparkling beverages:beverages as of December 31, 2011:

LOGO

LOGO

Per capita consumption data for a territory isare determined by dividing sparklingtotal beverage sales volume within the territory (in bottles, cans and fountain containers) by the estimated population within such territory, and isare expressed on the basis of the number of eight-ounce servings of Coca-Cola FEMSA products consumed annually per capita. In evaluating the development of local volume sales in its territories and to determine product potential, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company measure, among other factors, the per capita consumption of its sparklingall of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s beverages.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Products

Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributesCoca-Cola trademark beverages, proprietary brands and brands licensed from us. Thebeverages. TheseCoca-Cola trademark beverages include: sparkling beverages (colas and flavored sparkling beverages); water;, waters and still beverages (including juice drinks, ready-to-drinkcoffee, teas and isotonics). InThe following table sets forth Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main brands as of December 2007 and May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold most of its proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company.”31, 2011:

 

Colas:

  Mexico
and
Central
America(1)
  CentralSouth
America
Colombia(2)  VenezuelaBrazilArgentina

Coca-Cola

  ü  ü  üüüü

Coca-Cola lightLight

üüü  ü  ü  ü

Coca-Cola Zero

  ü  ü  üüüü

Flavored Soft Drinks:sparkling beverages:

  Mexico
and
Central
America(1)
  CentralSouth
America
Colombia(2)  VenezuelaBrazilArgentina

Aquarius Fresh

ü

Chinotto

      ü

Crush

    ü  ü

Fanta

  ü  ü  üü

Fresca

  üü    

Frescolita

  ü    ü

Hit

      ü

Kist

  ü    

Kuat

    ü  

Lift

  ü  ü  

Mundet(1)

  ü    

Quatro

    ü  ü

Simba

    ü  

Sprite

  ü  ü  ü

Schweppes

  ü  ü  ü

Water:

  Mexico
and
Central
America(1)
  CentralSouth
America(2)
  ColombiaVenezuelaBrazilArgentina

Alpina

  ü    

Aquarius(3)

  ü  

Brisa

    ü  

Ciel

  ü    

Crystal

    ü  

Manantial

    ü  

Nevada

      ü

Santa Clara(2)

ü

Other Categories:

  Mexico
and
Central
America(1)
  CentralSouth
America(2)
Colombia  VenezuelaBrazilArgentina

Dasani(3)Cepita

üüü

Hi-C(4)

üü

Jugos del Valle(4)

üüü    ü  

NesteaHi-C(4)

üü  ü  ü  

PoweradeJugos del Valle(5)

  ü  ü  ü

Nestea(6)

üü

Powerade(7)

üüü

Matte Leao(8)

ü

Valle Frut(9)

üüü

Estrella Azul(10)

ü

Hugo(11)

ü

Del Prado(12)

  ü    

 

(1)Brand licensed from FEMSA.Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

 

(2)Proprietary brand.Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina.

 

(3)Flavored water. In ArgentinaBrazil, also as still water.flavored sparkling beverage.

 

(4)Juice based drink.Juice-based beverage. Includes Hi-C Orangeade in Argentina.

 

(5)Juice based beverage.

(6)Nestea will no longer be a product licensed by The Coca-Cola Company in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories as of May 2012 and will be replaced with Fuze Tea.

(7)Isotonic.

(8)Ready to drink tea.

(9)Orangeade. IncludesFreshin Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela.

(10)Milk and value-added dairy and juices.

(11)Milk and juice blend.

(12)Juice-based beverages.

Sales Overview

Coca-Cola FEMSA measures total sales volume in terms of unit cases. UnitOne unit case refers to 192 ounces of finished beverage product (24 eight-ounce servings) and, when applied to fountain syrup, powders and concentrate,soda fountains, refers to the volume of fountain syrup, powders and concentrate that is required to produce 192 ounces of finished beverage product.Theproduct. The following table illustrates itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s historical sales volume for each of its territories.

 

   Sales Volume
Year Ended December 31,
   2008  2007  2006
   (millions of unit cases)

Mexico

  1,149.0  1,110.4  1,070.7

Central America(1)

  132.6  128.1  120.3

Colombia

  197.9  197.8  190.9

Venezuela

  206.7  209.0  182.6

Argentina

  186.0  179.4  164.9

Brazil(2)

  370.6  296.1  268.7
         

Combined Volume

  2,242.8  2,120.8  1,998.1
   Sales Volume
Year Ended December 31,
 
   2011   2010   2009 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Mexico and Central America

      

Mexico(1)

   1,366.5     1,242.3     1,227.2  

Central America(2)

   144.3     137.0     135.8  

South America (excluding Venezuela)

      

Colombia(3)

   252.1     244.3     232.2  

Brazil(4)

   485.3     475.6     424.1  

Argentina

   210.7     189.3     184.1  

Venezuela

   189.8     211.0     225.2  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Combined Volume

   2,648.7     2,499.5     2,428.6  

 

(1)Includes results of the beverage division of Grupo Tampico from October 2011 and of the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA from December 2011.

(2)Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

 

(2)(3)As of June 2009, includes sales from the Brisa bottled water business.

(4)Excludes beer sales volume and includes REMIL sales volume from June 2008 onward.volume. As of the first quarter of 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA began to distribute certain ready-to-drink products under theMatte Leãobrand.

Product and Packaging Mix

Out of the more than 120 brands and line extensions of beverages that Coca-Cola FEMSA’sFEMSA sells and distributes, its most important brand, is Coca-Colaand its, together with the line extensions includingthereof,Coca-Cola lightLight andCoca-Cola Zerowhich together, accounted for 62.5%61.6% of total sales volume in 2008.Ciel(including bulk presentations and volumes integrated fromAgua de los Angeles),Fanta, Sprite, Lift andFresca, its2011. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s next largest brands, in consecutive order,Ciel(a water brand from Mexico),Fanta (and its line extensions),Sprite (and its line extensions) andValleFrut (and its line extensions), accounted for 10.7%10.4%, 5.7%5.1%, 2.8%, 1.5%2.7% and 1.3%2.2%, respectively, of total sales volume in 2008.2011. Coca-Cola FEMSA uses the term line extensions to refer to the different flavors in which itCoca-Cola FEMSA offers its brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces, markets and distributesCoca-Cola trademark beverages in each of its territories in containers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company, which consist of a variety of returnable and non-returnable presentations in the form of glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles mainly made of polyethylene terephtalate,terephthalate, which it referswe refer to as PET.

Coca-Cola FEMSA uses the term presentation to refer to the packaging unit in which it sells its products. Presentation sizes for itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’sCoca-Cola trademark beverages range from a 6.5-ounce personal size to a 3-liter multiple serving size. For all of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s products excluding water, Coca-Cola FEMSAit considers a multiple serving size asto be equal to, or larger than, 1.0 liter.liters. In general, personal sizes have a higher price per unit case as compared to multiple serving sizes. Coca-Cola FEMSA offers both returnable and non-returnable presentations, which allow Coca-Cola FEMSAit to offer different combinations ofportfolio alternatives based on convenience and priceaffordability to implement revenue management strategies and to target specific distribution channels and population segments in its territories. In addition, itCoca-Cola FEMSA sells someCoca-Cola trademark beverage syrups in containers designed for soda fountain use, which it refers to as fountain. ItCoca-Cola FEMSA also sells bottled water products in bulk sizes, which term refers to presentations equal to or larger than 5 liters, thatwhich have a much lower average price per unit case than itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s other beverage products.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s core brands are principally theCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Coca-Cola FEMSA sells certain of these brands or their line extensions at a premium in some of its territories, in which case it refers to them as premium brands. It also sells certain other brands at a lower price per ounce, which it refers to as value protection brands.

The characteristics of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s territories are very diverse. Central Mexico and itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in Argentina are densely populated and have a large number of competing sparkling beveragesbeverage brands as compared to the rest of its territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in Brazil isare densely populated but hashave lower per capita consumption of sparkling beverage products as compared to Mexico. Portions of southern Mexico, Central America and Colombia are large and mountainous areas

with lower population density, lower per capita income and lower per capita consumption of sparkling beverages. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA faces operational disruptions from time to time, which may have an effect on its volumes sold, and consequently, may result in lower per capita consumption of Coca-Cola FEMSA products has remained stable in spite of short-term operating disruptions over the past few years.consumption.

The following discussion analyzes Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product and packaging mix by reporting segment. The volume data presented isare for the years 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006.2009.

Mexico.Mexico and Central America.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio consists ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages. In 2007,2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen theCoca-Colabrand it launchedits multi-category beverage portfolio, Coca-Cola Zero,FEMSA incorporated theJugos del Valle a line extension of the Coca-Cola brandjuice-based beverages in Mexico, and subsequently in Central America.Sparkling beverage perPer capita consumption of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s beverage products in its Mexican territoriesMexico and Central America was 632 and 179 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2008 was 411 eight-ounce servings.2011.

The following table highlights historical sales volume and mix in Mexico and Central America for itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s products:

 

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total

  1,149.0   1,110.4   1,070.7  

% Growth

  3.5 3.7 4.5
   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

  

Sparkling beverages

  75.4 78.3 79.6

Water(1)

  21.6 20.7   19.5  

Still beverages

  3.0 1.0   0.9  
          

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0
          
   Year Ended December 31, 
   2011  2010  2009 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Total Sales Volume(1)

    

Total

   1,510.8    1,379.3    1,363.0  

% Growth

   9.5  1.2  6.3

   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category(1)

  

Sparkling beverages

   74.9  75.2  74.7

Water(2)

   19.7    19.4    20.2  

Still beverages

   5.4    5.4    5.1  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

   100.0  100.0  100.0
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

(1)Includes jug volume.results from the operations of the beverage division of Grupo Tampico from October 2011 and from the beverage division of Grupo CIMSA from December 2011.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most popular sparkling beverage presentations were the 2.5-liter returnable plastic bottle, the 0.6-liter non-returnable plastic bottle and the 2.5-liter non-returnable plastic bottle, which together accounted for 62.1% of total sparkling beverage sales volume in Mexico in 2008.

(2)Includes bulk water volumes.

In 2008,2011, multiple serving presentations represented 64.4%67.6% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Mexico, a 1.3% growthremaining flat as compared to 2007.2010, and 55.7% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Central America, a 60 basis points decrease as compared to 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s commercial strategies seekstrategy is to foster consumption in single serving presentations while maintaining multiple serving volumes. In 2008, its2011, returnable packaging, as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, accounted for 31.7% in Mexico, a 130 basis points increase as compared to 2010, and 31.7% in Central America, a 150 basis points decrease as compared to 2010.

In 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling beverages decreased as a percentage of its total sales volume, from 78.9%75.2% in 20072010 to 75.9%74.9% in 20082011, mainly due to the introductionintegration of the Jugos del Valle linebeverage divisions of productsGrupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in Mexico, which have a higher mix of water in their portfolios.

In 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most popular sparkling beverage presentations in Mexico were the 2.5-liter returnable plastic bottle, the 3.0-liter non-returnable plastic bottle and the Agua de los Angeles jug water business.0.6-liter non-returnable plastic bottle (the 20-ounce bottle that is also popular in the United States), which together accounted for 56.8% of total sparkling beverage sales volume in Mexico.

Total sales volume reached 1,149.01,510.8 million unit cases in 2008,2011, an increase of 3.5%9.5% as compared to 1,110.41,379.3 million unit cases in 2007. Sparkling2010. The integration of the beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in Mexico contributed 48.9 million unit cases in 2011, of which 63.0% were sparkling beverages, 5.2% bottled water, 27.4% bulk water and 4.4% still beverages. Excluding the integration of these territories, volume grew 6.0% in 2011, to 1,461.8 million unit cases. Organically sparkling beverages sales volume remained stableincreased 6.0% as compared with 2007.to 2010, contributing more than 70% of incremental volumes. The bottled water category, including bulk water, grew 5.6%, accounting for more than 15% of incremental volumes. The still beverage category accounted for approximately 60%increased 7.5%, representing the remainder of the total incremental volumes during the year. Still beverages growth was mainly driven by the introduction of the Jugos del Valle line of products, particularly Valle Frut. Sparkling beverages volume growth was mainly driven by strong growth of theCoca-Colabrand.volumes.

Central America.South America (Excluding Venezuela).Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product salesportfolio in CentralSouth America consist predominantlyconsists mainly ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Sparkling beverages and theKaiser beer brands in Brazil, which Coca-Cola FEMSA sells and distributes. In 2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen its multi-category beverage portfolio, Coca-Cola FEMSA incorporated theJugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages in Colombia. In 2009, this line of beverages was re-launched in Brazil as well. The acquisition of Brisa in 2009 helped Coca-Cola FEMSA to become the leader, as calculated by sales volume, in the water market in Colombia. In 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA incorporated ready-to-drink beverages under theMatte Leão brand in Brazil. During 2011, as part of its continuous effort to develop non-carbonated beverages, Coca-Cola FEMSA launchedCepita in non-returnable PET bottles andHi-C, an orangeade, both in Argentina. Beginning in 2009, as part of its efforts to foster sparkling beverage per capita consumption in Central AmericaBrazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA re-launched a 2.0-liter returnable plastic bottle for theCoca-Cola brand and introduced two single-serving 0.25-liter presentations. During 2011, these presentations contributed significantly to incremental volumes in Brazil. Per capita consumption of its productsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s beverages in Colombia, Brazil and Argentina was 151129, 261 and 395 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2008.

2011. The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Central America:South America (excluding Venezuela), not including beer:

 

  Year Ended December 31,   Year Ended December 31, 
  2008 2007 2006   2011 2010 2009 
  (millions of unit cases)   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total Sales Volume

    

Total

  132.6   128.1   120.3     948.1    909.2    840.4  

% Growth

  3.5 6.5 10.0   4.3  11.2  8.4
  (in percentages)   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

  88.8 89.7 90.9   85.9  85.5  87.2

Water(1)

  4.2 4.3   4.4     9.2    10.1    8.8  

Still beverages

  7.0 6.0   4.7     4.9    4.4    4.0  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0   100.0  100.0  100.0
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

(1)Includes bulk water volume.

Total sales volume was 948.1 million unit cases in 2011, an increase of 4.3% as compared to 909.2 million unit cases in 2010. Growth in sparkling beverages, mainly driven by sales of theCoca-Cola brand in both Argentina and Colombia, and theFanta andSchweppes brands in Brazil, accounted for the majority of the growth during the year. Growth in still beverages, mainly driven by theJugos del Valle line of products in Brazil and theCepita juice brand andHi-C orangeade in Argentina, represented the balance of incremental volumes. These increases compensated for a decrease in volume in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s water portfolio, including bulk water, mainly driven by the reduction in volume of theBrisa brand in Colombia.

In 2008, multiple serving presentations represented 54.1%2011, returnable packaging, as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, accounted for: 39.6% in Central America,Colombia, a 240 basis points decrease as compared with 51.8%to 2010; 27.8% in 2007.

TotalArgentina, a decrease of 70 basis points as compared to 2010; and 15.8% in Brazil, a 100 basis points increase as compared to 2010. In 2011, multiple serving presentations represented 62.1%, 71.3% and 85.0% of total sparkling beverages sales volume was 132.6 million unit cases in 2008, increasing 3.5% comparedColombia, Brazil and Argentina, respectively.

Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to 128.1 milliondistribute and sell theKaiser beer portfolio in 2007. Sparkling beverages volumesits Brazilian territories through the 20-year term, consistent with arrangements in place with Cervejarias Kaiser since 2006, prior to the acquisition of Cervejarias Kaiser by FEMSA Cerveza. Beginning in the year accountedsecond quarter of 2005, Coca-Cola FEMSA ceased including beer that it distributes in Brazil in its reported sales volumes. On April 30, 2010, the transaction pursuant to which we exchanged 100% of our beer operations for more than 65% of its total incremental volume and still beverages werea 20% economic interest in the majority of the balance.Heineken Group closed.

Colombia.Venezuela.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in ColombiaVenezuela consists mainly ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Sparkling beverages perPer capita consumption of its productsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s beverages in ColombiaVenezuela during 20082011 was 89150 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Colombia:Venezuela:

 

  Year Ended December 31,   Year Ended December 31, 
  2008 2007 2006   2011 2010 2009 
  (millions of unit cases)   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total Sales Volume

    

Total

  197.9   197.8   190.9     189.8    211.0    225.2  

% Growth

  0.0 3.6 6.2   (10.0%)   (6.3%)   9.0
  (in percentages)   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

      

Sparkling beverages

  87.1 87.6 87.9   91.7  91.3  91.7

Water(1)

  10.0 11.0   10.9     5.4    6.5    5.7  

Still beverages

  2.9 1.4   1.2     2.9    2.2    2.6  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0   100.0  100.0  100.0
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Includes jugbulk water volume.

Coca-Cola FEMSA has implemented a product portfolio rationalization strategy that allows it to minimize the impact of certain operating disruptions that have been recurrent in Venezuela over the last several years. During 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA faced a 26-day strike at one of its Venezuelan production and distribution facilities and a difficult economic environment that prevented it from growing sales volume of its products. As a result, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling beverage volume decreased by 9.6%.

In 2008,2011, multiple serving presentations represented 55.4%78.4% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Colombia. In 2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen theCoca-Colabrand, Coca-Cola FEMSA launchedCoca-Cola Zero, a line extension of the Coca-Cola brand.

Total sales volume was 197.9 million unit cases in 2008, remaining stableVenezuela, an 80 basis points increase as compared to 197.8 million unit cases in 2007, driven by still beverages volume growth due to the introduction of Jugos del Valle line of products, which compensated for a slight decline in sparkling beverages. See “Item 4. The Company—Corporate Background.”

Venezuela.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in Venezuela consists predominantly ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Sparkling beverages per capita consumption of its products in Venezuela during 2008 was 161 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Venezuela:

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total

  206.7   209.0   182.6  

% Growth

  (1.1%)  14.5 5.9
   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

  

Sparkling beverages

  91.3 90.4 87.7

Water(1)

  5.8 5.7   7.5  

Still beverages

  2.9 3.9   4.8  
          

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0
          

During 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA continued facing periodic operating difficulties that prevented it from producing and distributing enough supply. It has implemented a product portfolio rationalization strategy to minimize the impact of these disruptions. As a consequence, its sparkling beverages sales volume remained flat for the year.

2010. In 2008, multiple serving2011, returnable presentations represented 75.3%8.0% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Venezuela.Venezuela, a 40 basis points increase as compared to 2010. Total sales volume was 206.7189.8 million unit cases in 2008, which represented2011, a slight decrease of 1.1% compared to 209.0 million cases in 2007. This decrease was mainly driven by operating disruptions Coca-Cola FEMSA faced during the year. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Company—Risks related to Mexico and the Other Countries in Which We Operate—Economic and political conditions in other Latin American countries in which we operate may adversely affect our business.”

Argentina.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in Argentina consists exclusively ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages. Sparkling beverages per capita consumption of its products in Argentina during 2008 was 375 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Argentina:

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total

  186.0   179.4   164.9  

% Growth

  3.7 8.8 9.8
   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

  

Sparkling beverages

  95.0 96.2 96.6

Water

  1.3 1.0   1.2  

Still beverages

  3.7 2.8   2.2  
          

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0
          

During 2008, returnable packaging accounted for 27.1% of total sales volume in Argentina in 200810.0% as compared to 25.2% in 2007. In 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA launchedAcquarius, a flavored still water.

Total sales volume reached 186.0211.0 million unit cases in 2008, an increase of 3.7% compared with 179.4 million in 2007. The majority of the volume growth came from its non-returnable presentations and growth of still beverages, which represented over 75% of the sales volume increase and growth of still beverages. In 2008, multiple serving presentations, as a percentage of sparkling beverage volume, remained flat at 84.3%.

Brazil.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s product portfolio in Brazil consists mainly ofCoca-Cola trademark beverages and theKaiser beer brand, which Coca-Cola FEMSA sells and distributes on our behalf. Sparkling beverage per capita consumption of its products in Brazil during 2008 was 213 eight-ounce servings.

The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Brazil, not including beer:

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006 
   (millions of unit cases) 

Product Sales Volume

  

Total

  370.6   296.1   268.7  

% Growth

  25.2 10.2 6.4
   (in percentages) 

Unit Case Volume Mix by Category

  

Sparkling beverages

  92.0 91.7 91.7

Water

  5.7 6.7   7.3  

Still beverages

  2.3 1.6   1.0  
          

Total

  100.0 100.0 100.0
          

Beginning in June 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA integrated REMIL’s territory into its existing Brazilian operations, which contributed with 66.1 million unit cases of beverages to its sales volume during this seven-month period.

Total sales volume was 370.6 million unit cases in 2008, an increase of 25.2% compared to 296.1 million in 2007. Excluding REMIL, total sales volume increased 2.8%. Sparkling beverages accounted for more than 80% of volume growth during the year. In 2008, as part of its efforts to strengthen the still beverage category Coca-Cola FEMSA launchedI-9, a new hydro-tonic product enriched with minerals.

Coca-Cola FEMSA sells and distributes theKaiser brands of beer in its territories in Brazil. In January 2006, we acquired an indirect controlling stake in Cervejarias Kaiser. Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to distribute theKaiser beer portfolio and to assume the sales function in São Paulo, consistent with the arrangements in place prior to 2004, and has recently resumed these functions in Minas Gerais, Brazil following the acquisition of REMIL. Since the second quarter of 2005, Coca-Cola FEMSA ceased including beer that Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes in Brazil in its sales volumes.

On May 30, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a purchase agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire its wholly-owned bottling territory, REMIL, located in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. During the second quarter of 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA closed this transaction for US$ 364.1 million.

In July 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the transaction to acquire the Agua De Los Angeles jug water operation in the Valley of Mexico for a purchase price of US$ 18.3 million and subsequently started to merge this business into its current jug water business, under the brandCiel.

In February 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA closed the transaction with Bavaria, a subsidiary of SABMiller, to jointly acquire with The Coca-Cola Company theBrisa bottled water business. Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company each paid a purchase price of US$ 46 million. Brisa sold 47 million unit cases during 2008 in Colombia.2010.

Seasonality

Sales of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products are seasonal, as its sales levels generally increase during the summer months of each country and during the Christmas holiday season. In Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA typically achieves its highest sales during the summer months of April through September, as well as during the Christmas holidays in December. In Brazil and Argentina, and Brazil, itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s highest sales levels occur during the summer months of October through March and the Christmas holidays in December.

Marketing

Coca-Cola FEMSA, in conjunction with The Coca-Cola Company, has developed a sophisticated marketing strategy to promote the sale and consumption of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s products. Coca-Cola FEMSA relies extensively on advertising, sales promotions and non-price related retailer incentivesupport programs designed by local affiliates of The Coca-Cola Company to target the particular preferences of its soft drink consumers. ItsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s consolidated marketing expenses in 2008,2011, net of contributions by The Coca-Cola Company, were Ps. 2,3764,508 million. The Coca-Cola Company contributed an additional Ps. 1,9952,561 million in 2008,2011, which mainly includes contributions for coolers.coolers, bottles and cases. Through the use of advanced information technology, itIT, Coca-Cola FEMSA has collected customer and consumer information that allows it to tailor its marketing strategies to thetarget different types of customers located in each of its territories, and to meet the specific needs of the various markets it serves.

Retailer IncentiveSupport Programs. IncentiveSupport programs include providing retailers with commercial coolers for the display and cooling of beverage products and for point-of-sale display materials. Coca-Cola FEMSA seeks, in particular, to increase coolermaterials and consumer sales promotions, such as contests, sweepstakes and the giveaway of product samples.

Coolers. Cooler distribution among retailers to increaseis important for the visibility and consumption of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s products and to ensure that they are sold at the proper temperature. Sales promotions include sponsorship of community activities, sporting, cultural and social events, and consumer sales promotions such as contests, sweepstakes and product giveaways.

Advertising. Coca-Cola FEMSA advertises in all major communications media. It focuses its advertising efforts on increasing brand recognition by consumers and improving its customer relations. National advertising campaigns are designed and proposed by The Coca-Cola Company’s local affiliates, with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s input at the local or regional level.

Channel Marketing. In order to provide more dynamic and specialized marketing of its products, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s strategy is to classify its markets and develop targeted efforts for each consumer segment or distribution channel. ItsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s principal channels are small retailers, “on-premise” consumption such as restaurants and bars, supermarkets and third partythird-party distributors. Presence in these channels entails a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the purchasing patterns and preferences of various groups of soft drinkbeverage consumers in each of the different types of locations or distribution channels. In response to this analysis, Coca-Cola FEMSA tailors its product, price, packaging and distribution strategies to meet the particular needs of and exploit the potential of each channel.

Multi-Segmentation. Coca-Cola FEMSA has been implementing a multi-segmentation strategy in the majority of its markets. This strategy consists of the implementation of different product/price/package portfolios by market cluster or group. These clusters are defined based on consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socio-economic levels, rather than solely on the types of distribution channels.

Client Value Management. Coca-Cola FEMSA has been transforming its commercial models to focus on its customers’ value potential using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industry’s potential. Coca-Cola FEMSA started the rollout of this new model in its Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Brazil operations in 2009 and had covered close to 90% of its total volumes as of the end of 2011.

Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that the implementation of its channel marketing strategythese strategies described above also enables it to respond to competitive initiatives with channel-specific responses as opposed to market-wide responses. This focused response capability isolatesIn addition, it allows Coca-Cola FEMSA to be more efficient in the effects of competitive pressureway it goes to market and invests its marketing resources in those segments that could provide a specific channel, thereby avoiding costlier market-wide responses.higher return. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s channel marketing, segmentation and distribution activities are facilitated by its management information systems. Coca-Cola FEMSA has invested significantly in creating these systems, including in hand-held computers to support the gathering of product, consumer and delivery information for most of its sales routes in Mexico and Argentina and selectively in otherthroughout its territories.

Multi-segmentation. Coca-Cola FEMSA has been implementing a multi-segmentation strategy in the majority of its markets. This strategy consists on the implementation of different product/price/package portfolios by market cluster or group. These clusters are defined based on consumption occasion, competitive intensityProduct Sales and socio-economic levels, rather than solely on the types of distribution channels. Coca-Cola FEMSA has developed a market intelligence system that it refers to as the right-execution-daily system (RED), which has allowed it to implement this strategy. This system provides the data required to target specific consumer segments and channels and allows Coca-Cola FEMSA to collect and analyze the data required to tailor its product, package, price and distribution strategies to fit different consumer needs.

Product Distribution

The following table provides an overview of its productCoca-Cola FEMSA’s distribution centers and the retailers to which it sellssell its products:

Product Distribution Summary

as of December 31, 20082011

 

   Mexico  Central
America
  Colombia  Venezuela  Argentina  Brazil

Distribution Centers

  83  28  32  33  5  27

Retailers (in thousands)(1)

  612  102  365  159  82  197
   Mexico and Central America(1)   South  America(2)   Venezuela 

Distribution centers

   152     65     32  

Retailers(3)

   863,409     663,678     209,597  

 

(1)Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

(2)Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina.

(3)Estimated.

Coca-Cola FEMSA continuously evaluates its distribution model in order to fit with the local dynamics of the market place. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently analyzingmarketplace and analyze the way it goes to market, recognizing different service needs from its customers, while looking for a more efficient distribution model. As part of this strategy, Coca-Cola FEMSA is rolling out a variety of new distribution models throughout its territories, looking forseeking improvements in its distribution network.

Coca-Cola FEMSA uses two mainseveral sales methodsand distribution models depending on market, geographic conditions and geographic conditions:the customer’s profile: (1) the traditional orpre-sale system, which separates the sales and delivery functions, permitting trucks to be loaded with the mix of products that retailers have previously ordered, thereby increasing both sales and distribution efficiency; (2) the conventional truck route system, in which the person in charge of the delivery makes immediate sales from inventory available on the truck and (2) the pre-sale system, which separates the sales and delivery functions and allows sales personnel to sell products prior to delivery and trucks to be loaded with the mix of products that retailers have previously ordered, thereby increasing distribution efficiency. Coca-Cola FEMSA also begun to usetruck; (3) a hybrid distribution system, in some of its territories, where the same truck holdscarries product available for immediate sale and product previously ordered through the pre-sale system. system; (4) the telemarketing system, which could be combined with pre-sales visits; and (5) sales through third-party wholesalers of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products.

As part of the pre-sale system, sales personnel also provide merchandising services during retailer visits, which itCoca-Cola FEMSA believes enhance the presentation of its productsshopper experience at the point of sale. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that an adequate number of service visits to retailers and frequency of deliveries are essential elements in an effective selling and distribution system for its products. In certain areas, Coca-Cola FEMSA also makes sales through third party wholesalers of its products. The vast majority of its sales are on a cash basis.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s distribution centers range from large warehousing facilities and re-loading centers to small deposit centers. In addition to its fleet of trucks, Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes its products in certain

locations through a fleet of electric carts and hand-trucks in order to comply with local environmental and traffic regulations. In some of its territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA generally retains third parties to transport its finished products from the bottling plants to the distribution centers.

Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA contracts with one of our subsidiaries for the transportation of finished products to its distribution centers from its Mexican production facilities. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.” From the distribution centers, itCoca-Cola FEMSA then distributes its finished products to retailers through its own fleet of trucks. During 2008 it closed 1 of its 84 distribution centers in its Mexican operations.

In Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA sells a majority of its beverages at small retail stores to customersconsumers who may take the beverages for consumption at home or elsewhere for consumption. Coca-Cola FEMSAelsewhere. It also sells products through the “on-premise” consumerconsumption segment, supermarkets and others.other locations. The “on-premise” consumerconsumption segment consists of sales through sidewalk stands, restaurants, bars and various types of dispensing machines, as well as sales through point-of-sale programs in concert halls, auditoriums and theaters.

Brazil.In Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold 21.1% of its total sales volume through supermarkets in 2011. Also in Brazil, the delivery of its finished products to customers is completed by a third party, while it maintains control over the selling function. In designated zones in Brazil, third-party distributors purchase Coca-Cola FEMSA products at a discount from the wholesale price and resell the products to retailers.

Territories other than Mexico and Brazil. Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes its finished products to retailers through a combination of its own fleet of trucks and third partythird-party distributors. At the end of 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA operated 28, 32, 33, 5 and 27 distribution centers in its Central American territories, Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, respectively.

In most of its territories, an important part of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s total sales volume is sold through small retailers, with low supermarket penetration. In contrast, in Brazil Coca-Cola FEMSA sold approximately 22% of its total sales volume through supermarkets in 2008. Also in Brazil, the delivery of its finished products to customers is by a third party. In designated zones in Brazil, third-party distributors purchase its products at a discount from the wholesale price and resell the products to retailers.

Competition

Although we believeCoca-Cola FEMSA believes that Coca-Cola FEMSA’sits products enjoy wider recognition and greater consumer loyalty than those of its principal competitors, the sparkling beverages marketmarkets in the territories in which it operates are highly competitive. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitors are localPepsi bottlers of Pepsi and other bottlers and distributors of national and regional soft drinkbeverage brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA faces increased competition in many of its territories from producers of low pricelow-price beverages, commonly referred to as “B brands.” A number of itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s competitors in Central America, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina offer beer in addition to sparkling beverages, still beverages, and Brazil offer both soft drinks and beer,water, which may enable them to achieve distribution efficiencies.

Recently, pricePrice discounting and packaging have joined consumer sales promotions, customer service and non-price retailer incentives as the primary means of competition among soft drink bottlers. Coca-Cola FEMSA competes by seeking to offer products at an attractive price in the different segments in its markets and by building on the value of its brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that the introduction of new products and new presentations has been a significant competitive technique that allows it to increase demand for its products, provide different options to consumers and increase new consumption opportunities. See “—Sales Overview.”

Mexico and Central America. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitors in Mexico are bottlers ofPepsi products, whose territories overlap but are not co-extensive with its own. In central MexicoCoca-Cola FEMSA’s. Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a subsidiary of PBG, the largest bottler of Pepsi products globally, andjoint venture recently formed by Grupo Embotelladores Unidos, S.A.B. de C.V., the formerPepsi bottler in central and southeast Mexico.Mexico, a subsidiary of PepsiCo, and Empresas Polar, S.A., the leading beer distributor andPepsi bottler in Venezuela. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competition in the juice category in Mexico is Jumex, the largest juice producer in the country.Grupo Jumex. In the water category, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor isBonafont, a water brand owned by Danone.Group Danone, is its main competition. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes withCadbury Schweppes in sparkling beverages and with other national and regional brands in its Mexican territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes with low priceterritories, as well as low-price producers, mainly offering multiple serving sizesuch asBig Cola and Consorcio AGA, S.A. de C.V., which offer various presentations in theof sparkling and still beverage industry.beverages.

Central America. In the countries that comprise itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s Central America region, Coca-Cola FEMSA’sits main competitors arePepsi andBig Cola bottlers. In Guatemala and Nicaragua, it competes againstwith a joint venture between AmBev and The Central American Bottler Corporation. In Costa Rica, itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitor is Embotelladora Centroamericana,Florida Bebidas S.A., a subsidiary of Florida Ice and inFarm Co. In Panama, its main competitor is Refrescos Nacionales,Cervecería Nacional, S.A. Coca-Cola FEMSA also faces competition from low price producers“B brands” offering multiple servingmultiple-serving size presentations in some Central American countries.

ColombiaSouth America (excluding Venezuela). Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal competitor in Colombia is Postobón, S.A., or Postobón, a well-established local bottler that sells flavored soft drinks,sparkling beverages, some of which have a wide consumption preference, such asmanzana Postobón (Postobón apple) (apple Postobón), which is the second most popular categoryflavor in the Colombian soft drinksparkling beverage industry in terms of total sales volume, and thatvolume. Postobón also sellsPepsi products. Postobón is a vertically integrated producer, the owners of which hold other significant commercial interests in Colombia. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes with low pricelow-price producers, such as the producers ofBig Cola, which primarily offers multiple servingprincipally offer multiple-serving size presentations in the sparkling and still beverage industry.

In Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes against AmBev, a Brazilian company with a portfolio of brands that includesPepsi, local brands with flavors such as guaraná, and proprietary beer brands. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes against “B brands” or “Tubainas,” which are small, local producers of low-cost flavored sparkling beverages in multiple-serving presentations that represent a significant portion of the sparkling beverage market.

In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Buenos Aires Embotellador S.A. (BAESA), aPepsi bottler, which is owned by Argentina’s principal brewery, Quilmes Industrial S.A., and is indirectly controlled by AmBev. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a number of competitors offering generic, low-priced sparkling beverages as well as many other generic products and private label proprietary supermarket brands.

VenezuelaVenezuela.. In Venezuela, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Pepsi-Cola Venezuela, C.A., a joint venture formed between PepsiCo and Empresas Polar, S.A., the leading beer distributor in the country. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes with the producers of Kola RealBig Cola in part of the country.

Argentina. In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main competitor is Buenos Aires Embotellador (BAESA), a Pepsi bottler, which is owned by Argentina’s principal brewery, Quilmes Industrial S.A., and indirectly controlled by AmBev. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes with a number of competitors offering generic, low priced soft drinks as well as many other generic products and private label proprietary supermarket brands.

Brazil. In Brazil, Coca-Cola FEMSA competes against AmBev, a Brazilian company with a portfolio of brands that includes Pepsi, local brands with flavors such as guaraná and proprietary beers. Coca-Cola FEMSA also competes against “B brands” or “Tubainas,” which are small, local producers of low cost flavored soft drinks in multiple serving presentations that represent an important portion of the soft drink market.

Raw Materials

Pursuant to theCoca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements, with The it is authorized to manufacture, sell and distributeCoca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA trademark beverages within specific geographic areas, and is required to purchase concentrate, including aspartame, an artificial sweetener used in low-calorie sodas,some of its territories, for allCoca-Colatrademark beverages, concentrate from companies designated by The Coca-Cola Company and artificial sweeteners from companies authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. The price of concentrateConcentrate prices for allCoca-Colatrademarksparkling beverages isare determined as a percentage of the weighted average retail price it charges to its retailers in local currency net of applicable taxes. Although The Coca-Cola Company has the right to unilaterally set the price of concentrates, in practice this percentage has historically been set pursuant to periodic negotiations with The Coca-Cola Company.

In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages over a three-year period in Brazil beginning in 2006, and in Mexico beginning in 2007.Mexico. These increases have now beenwere fully implemented in Brazil in 2008 and will be fully implemented in Mexico duringin 2009. As part of the new cooperation framework that Coca-Cola FEMSA arrived atreached with The Coca-Cola Company at the end of 2006, The Coca-Cola Company will provide a relevant portion of the funds derived from the incidenceconcentrate increase tofor marketing support of theCoca-Cola FEMSA’s sparkling and still beverages portfolio. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts—New Cooperation Framework with7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company”Company.”

In addition to concentrate, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases sweeteners, carbon dioxide (CO2), resin and ingots to make plastic bottles, finished plastic and glass bottles, cans, closurescaps and fountain containers, as well as other packaging materials and raw materials. Sweeteners are combined with water to produce basic syrup, which is added to the concentrate as the sweetener for the soft drink. Itsmost of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s beverages. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements provide that, with respect toCoca-Colatrademark beverages, these materials may be purchased only from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company.Company, including affiliates of ours. Prices for packaging materials and high fructose corn syrupHFCS historically arehave been determined with reference to the U.S. dollar, although the local currency equivalent in a particular country is subject to price volatility in accordance with changes in exchange rates. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin, plastic ingots to make plastic bottles and finished plastic bottles, which itCoca-Cola FEMSA obtains from international and local producers. The prices of these materials are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply, and insupply. In recent years, itCoca-Cola FEMSA has experienced volatility in the prices it pays for these materials. Across its territories, itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s average price for resin in U.S. dollars decreased significantly during 2008.increased approximately 30% in 2011 as compared to 2010.

Under itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s agreements with The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSAit may use raw or refined sugar or high fructose corn syrupHFCS as sweeteners in its products. Sugar prices in all of the countries in which itCoca-Cola FEMSA operates, other than Brazil, are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause itCoca-Cola FEMSA to pay in excess of international market prices for sugar in certain countries. Coca-Cola FEMSA hasIn recent years, international sugar prices have experienced sugar price volatility in these territories as a result of changes in local conditions, regulations and the stronger correlation to oil prices recently due to the use of sugar to produce alternative fuels.significant volatility.

None of the materials or supplies that Coca-Cola FEMSA uses isare presently in short supply, although the supply of specific materials could be adversely affected by strikes, weather conditions, governmental controls or national emergency situations.

Mexico and Central America. In Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases its returnable plastic bottles from Continental PET Technologies deGraham Packaging México, S.A. de C.V, a subsidiary of Continental Can, Inc.C.V., known as Graham, which has beenis the exclusive supplier of returnable plastic bottles to The Coca-Cola Company and its bottlers in Mexico. Coca-Cola FEMSA mainly purchases resin primarily from Indorama Ventures Polymers México, S. de R.L. de C.V. (formerly Arteva Specialties, S. de R.L. de C.V.), M. & G. Polímeros México S.A. de C.V. and Industrias Voridian,DAK Resinas Americas Mexico S.A. de C.V., which distributes non-returnable plastic bottles manufactured by ALPLA Fábrica de Plásticos,México S.A. de C.V., known as ALPLA.ALPLA, and Envases Innovativos de México S.A. de C.V. manufacture into non-returnable plastic bottles for Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Coca-Cola FEMSA mainly purchases sugarall of its cans from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladoras, S.A. de C.V., known as PROMESA, a cooperative ofCoca-Cola bottlers in which, it holdsas of April 20, 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA held a 5.0%25.0% equity interest. These purchases are regularly made under one-year agreements between PROMESA and each bottler subsidiary for the sale of sugar at a price that is determined monthly based on the cost of sugar to PROMESA. Coca-Cola FEMSA alsomainly purchases its glass bottles from Compañía Vidriera, S.A. de C.V., known as VITRO, and Glass & Silice, S.A. de C.V. (formerly Vidriera de Chihuahua, S.A. de C.V., or VICHISA), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (formerly FEMSA Cerveza), which currently is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Heineken Group.

Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases sugar from, among other suppliers, Piasa and Beta San Miguel, S.A. de C.V., a sugar cane producerproducers in which, it holds a 2.54%as of April 20, 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA held approximately 13.2% and 2.5% equity interest.interests, respectively. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases HFCS from CP Ingredientes, S.A. de C.V. and Almidones Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V., known as Almex.

Imported sugar is subject to import duties, the amount of which is set by the Mexican government. As a result, sugar prices in Mexico are in excess of international market prices for sugar.sugar, and in 2011, were 47% higher on average in Mexico. In 2007 and 2008,2011, sugar prices decreasedincreased approximately 29% as compared to the prior year.2010.

In Central America,. The the majority of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s raw materials such as glass and plastic bottles and cans are purchased from several local suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases all of its cans from PROMESA. Sugar is available from one supplier in each country.suppliers that represent several local producers. Local sugar prices in certainthe countries that comprisedcomprise the region are significantly higher thanhave increased, mainly due to volatility in international market pricesprices. In Costa Rica, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA C.R. S.A., and its ability to import sugar or high fructose corn syrup is limited.in Nicaragua it acquires such plastic bottles from ALPLA Nicaragua, S.A.

ColombiaSouth America (excluding Venezuela). In Colombia, Coca-Cola FEMSA uses sugar as a sweetener in most of its products, which itand buys such sugar from several domestic sources. During 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA started to use HFCS as an alternative sweetener for its products. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases pre-formed ingotsHFCS from Archer Daniels Midland Company. It purchases plastic bottles from Amcor and Tapón Corona de Colombia S.A. Coca-Cola FEMSAIt purchases all of its glass bottles from Peldar O-I and cans from a supplier that itsCrown, both suppliers in which Grupo Ardila Lulle, owners of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s competitor Postobón, owns a 40%minority equity interest in.interest. Glass bottles and cans are available only from this onethese local source.sources.

Venezuela. Coca-Cola FEMSA uses sugar as a sweetener in its products, which it purchase mainly from the local market. Since 2004, it has experienced a sugar shortage due to lower domestic production and the inability of the predominant sugar importers to obtain permissions to import. However, it was able to meet its sugar requirements through imports. Coca-Cola FEMSA buys glass bottles from one supplier, Productos de Vidrio, S.A., a local supplier, but there are other alternative suppliers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA has several supplier options for plastic non-returnable bottles but it acquires most of its requirements from ALPLA de Venezuela, S.A.

Argentina. In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA uses high fructose corn syrup from several different local suppliers as a sweetener in its products instead of sugar. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases glass bottles, plastic cases and other raw materials from several domestic sources. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases pre-formed plastic ingots, as well as returnable plastic bottles, at competitive prices from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., a Coca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil, and other local suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces its own can presentations and juice-based products for distribution to customers in Buenos Aires.

Brazil. Sugar is widely available in Brazil at local market prices, which historically have been similar to international prices. Sugar prices in Brazil in recent periods have been volatile, mainly due to the increased demand for sugar cane for production of alternative fuels, and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s average acquisition cost for sugar in 2008 increased.2011 increased approximately 30% as compared to 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases glass bottles, plastic bottles and cans from several domestic and international suppliers.

In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA mainly uses HFCS that it purchases from several different local suppliers as a sweetener in its products, instead of sugar. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases glass bottles, plastic cases and other raw materials from several domestic sources. It purchases pre-formed plastic ingots, as well as returnable plastic bottles, at competitive prices from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., aCoca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil, and other local suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA also acquires pre-formed plastic ingots from ALPLA Avellaneda S.A. and other suppliers. Coca-Cola FEMSA produces its own can presentations, aseptic packaging and hot filled products for distribution of its products to its customers in Buenos Aires.

Taxation of Sparkling BeveragesVenezuela. All the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, except for Panama, imposeuses sugar as a value-added tax onsweetener in all of its products, and purchases such sugar mainly from the sale of soft drink beverages, atlocal market. Since 2003, from time to time, Coca-Cola FEMSA has experienced a rate of 15% in Mexico, 12% in Guatemala, 15% in Nicaragua, 13% in Costa Rica, 16% in Colombia, 12% in Venezuela (starting in April 2009), 21% in Argentina, 18% in São Paulo, Brazilsugar shortage due to lower domestic production and 17% in Mato Grosso do Sul and Minas Gerais, Brazil. In addition, severalthe inability of the countriespredominant sugar importers to obtain permission to import in whicha timely manner. While sugar distribution to the food and beverages industry and to retailers is controlled by the government, Coca-Cola FEMSA operatesdid not experience any disruptions during 2011 with respect to access to sufficient sugar supply. However, we cannot assure you that Coca-Cola FEMSA will not experience disruptions in its ability to meet its sugar requirements in the future, should the Venezuelan government impose restrictive measures in the following excise orfuture. Coca-Cola FEMSA buys glass bottles from one local supplier, Productos de Vidrio, S.A., but there are alternative suppliers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires most of its plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA de Venezuela, S.A. and all of its aluminum cans from a local producer, Dominguez Continental, C.A.

Under current regulations promulgated by the Venezuelan authorities, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ability to import some of its raw materials and other taxes:supplies used in its production could be limited, and access to the official exchange rate for these items for Coca-Cola FEMSA and its suppliers, including, among other items, resin, aluminum, plastic caps, distribution trucks and vehicles, is only achieved by obtaining proper approvals from the relevant authorities.

Plants and Facilities

Over the past several years, Coca-Cola FEMSA made significant capital investments to modernize its facilities and improve operating efficiency and productivity, including:

 

Guatemala imposes an excise taxincreasing the annual capacity of 0.18 local currency cents (Ps. 0.31 as of December 31, 2008) per liter of sparkling beverage.its bottling plants by installing new production lines;

 

Costa Rica imposes a specific taxinstalling clarification facilities to process different types of sweeteners;

installing plastic bottle-blowing equipment;

modifying equipment to increase flexibility to produce different presentations, including faster sanitation and changeover times on non-alcoholic bottled beverages based on the combination of packagingproduction lines; and flavor, a 5% excise tax on local brands, a 10% tax on foreign brands and a 14% tax on mixers, as well as a specific tax on non-alcoholic beverages of 14.08 colones (Ps. 2.94 as

closing obsolete production facilities.

As of December 31, 2008) for every 250 ml.

Nicaragua imposes a 9% tax on consumption, and certain municipalities impose a tax on sales and income of 1% of gross income related to Nicaragua.

Panama imposes a 5% tax based on the cost of goods produced.

Argentina imposes an excise tax on colas and on flavored sparkling beverage containing less than 5% lemon juice or less than 10% fruit juice of 8.7%; an excise tax on flavored sparkling beverage with 10% or more fruit juice; and a 4.2% excise tax on mineral water, though this tax is not applicable to all of our products.

Brazil imposes an average production tax of 8.16% and an average sales tax of 4.88%, both assessed by the federal government. Most of these taxes are fixed, based on average retail prices in each state where the company operates (VAT) or fixed by the federal government (excise and sales tax). In November 2008, Law 11.827 was approved in Brazil imposing changes to the sales tax on the Brazilian beverage industry, effective as of January  1, 2009. The tax rate is in the range of 15% to 17% and is applied to sales prices.

2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA Cerveza

Overview and Background

FEMSA Cerveza produces beerowned 35 bottling plants company-wide. By country, it has fourteen bottling facilities in Mexico, and Brazil and exports its products to 52 countries worldwide, with Northfive in Central America, being its most important export market, followed by certain marketssix in Europe, Latin America and Asia. In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza was ranked the eleventh-largest brewerColombia, four in the world in terms of sales volume. In Mexico, its main market, FEMSA Cerveza is the second largest beer producer in terms of sales volume. In 2008, approximately 66.7% of FEMSA Cerveza’s sales volume came from Mexico, with the remaining 24.8% from Brazil and 8.5% from exports. In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza sold 41.053 million hectoliters of beer.

FEMSA Cerveza’s principal operating subsidiaries are Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, S.A. de C.V., which operates six breweries in Mexico, Cervejarias Kaiser Brasil S.A., or Kaiser, which operates eight breweriesVenezuela, four in Brazil and Cervezas Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, S.A. de C.V., which operates our company-owned distribution centers across Mexico.two in Argentina.

Our management has identified Brazil as one of the most attractive and profitable beer markets in the world. Accordingly, in January 2006, FEMSA Cerveza, through one of its subsidiaries, acquired a 68% equity stake in the Brazilian brewer Kaiser from The Molson Coors Brewing Co., or Molson Coors, for US$ 68 million, at the same time receiving indemnity rights for certain tax contingencies of Kaiser. Molson Coors later completed its exit from the Brazilian market in December 2006 by exercising a put option to sell its 15% stake in Kaiser to FEMSA Cerveza for US$ 15.6 million. Under the terms of the agreements governing FEMSA Cerveza’s original acquisition of Kaiser in January 2006, FEMSA Cerveza’s indemnity rights for certain tax contingencies provided by Molson Coors increased proportionately with the incremental 15% stake it acquired. In addition, on December 22, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza completed a capital increase of US$ 200 million in Kaiser. FEMSA Cerveza was the only shareholder to participate in the capital increase, and as a result of this transaction, FEMSA Cerveza owned 99.83% and Heineken N.V. was diluted from 17% to 0.17%. In August 2007, FEMSA Cerveza and Heineken N.V. closed a stock purchase agreement whereby Heineken NV purchased the shares necessary to regain its 17% interest in Kaiser. As a result of these transactions, FEMSA Cerveza owns 83% of Kaiser and Heineken N.V. owns 17%.

Beer Sales Volume

FEMSA Cerveza volume figures contained in this annual report refer to invoiced sales volume of beer. In Mexico, invoiced sales volume represents the quantity of hectoliters of beer sold by FEMSA Cerveza’s breweries to unaffiliated distributors and by affiliated distributors to retailers. In Brazil, invoiced sales volume represents the quantity of hectoliters of beer sold by Kaiser. Kaiser sells its products primarily to the BrazilianCoca-Cola bottlers, which sell and distribute Kaiser beers in their respective territories. The term hectoliter means 100 liters or approximately 26.4 U.S. gallons.

FEMSA Cerveza’s total beer sales volume totaled 41.053 million hectoliters in 2008, an increase of 2.8% from total sales volume of 39.940 million hectoliters in 2007. In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican beer sales volume increased by 1.6% to 27.393 million hectoliters. Brazil sales volume totaled 10.181 million hectoliters in 2008, an increase of 3.9% from total sales volume of 9.795 million hectoliters in 2007. In 2008, export beer sales volume increased by 9.3% to 3.479 million hectoliters as compared to 3.183 million hectoliters in 2007.

FEMSA Cerveza Total Beer Sales Volumes

   Year Ended December 31,
   2008  2007  2006  2005  2004
   (in thousands of hectoliters)

Mexico beer sales volume

  27,393  26,962  25,951  24,580  23,442

Brazil beer sales volume

  10,181  9,795  8,935  NA  NA

Export beer sales volume

  3,479  3,183  2,811  2,438  2,240

Total beer sales volume

  41,053  39,940  37,697  27,018  25,682

FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican beer sales volume recorded a compounded average growth rate of 4.0% while growth in the Mexican beer industry increased 3.9% for the period from 2004 through 2008. This compares with the 3.3% compounded average growth rate of the Mexican gross domestic product for the same period. FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican beer sales for the same period recorded a 7.4% compounded average growth rate. FEMSA Cerveza’s export sales volume recorded a compounded average growth rate of 11.6% for the same period, while the compounded average growth rate for FEMSA Cerveza export sales was 15.8%.

Femsa Cerveza’s Strategy

In order to achieve its objectives in the Mexican market, FEMSA Cerveza seeks to:

implement advanced brand, packaging and price information gathering techniquesat the point-of-sale to allow FEMSA Cerveza to fine tune its portfolio of brands and pricing at the level of individual retailers;

innovate through a differentiated brand portfolio and increase the value of its brandsby tailoring its portfolio of brands based on the attributes of each brand to specific consumer segments, channels and markets using marketing techniques such as market segmentation, brand positioning and distinctive advertising campaigns; as well as product and packaging innovation;

establish profitable, long-term relationships with retailers by implementing client-specific strategies to help increase their sales and profitability, such as modifying commercial terms with retailers, promotions, product display and types of refrigeration equipment and point-of-sale marketing materials;

achieve balanced and profitable retail distribution levels by selecting the appropriate mix of on- and off-premise accounts, and a balance of image-focused accounts (like upscale restaurants) and volume-driven accounts (like beer depots); and

pursue additional efficiencies and cost reductions on a continuing basis from production to final distribution, by pursuing specific cost reduction efforts, using information technology and improving business processes.

Mexico Operations

The Mexican Beer Market

The Mexican beer market was the sixth largest beer market in the world in terms of industry sales volume in 2008 and is characterized by (1) concentrated domestic beer production, (2) regional market share differences, (3) the prevalence of government licensing regulations, (4) favorable demographics in the beer drinking population, and (5) fragmented retail markets.

Mexican beer production

Since 1985, Mexico has effectively had only two independent domestic beer producers, FEMSA Cerveza and Grupo Modelo. Grupo Modelo, a publicly traded company based in Mexico City, is the holding company of 76.8% of Diblo, S.A. de C.V., which operates the brewing and packaging subsidiaries of Grupo Modelo. Grupo Modelo’s principal beer brands areCorona,Modelo,VictoriaandPacífico. FEMSA Cerveza’s sales in the Mexican market depend on its ability to compete with Grupo Modelo.

Historically, beer imports have not been a significant factor in the Mexican beer market, primarily due to the Mexican consumer preference of Mexican brands. In 2008, this segment accounted for approximately 2.4% of total Mexican beer market in terms of sales volume, compared to approximately 2.0% four years ago. FEMSA Cerveza believes that the elimination of tariffs imposed on imported beers has had a limited effect on the Mexican beer market due to the fact that imported beers are largely premium and super-premium products sold in aluminum cans, which are a more expensive means of packaging in Mexico than beer sold in returnable bottles, and also given the dynamics of the beer market, where the point of sale is highly fragmented. Periods of relative strength of the Mexican peso with respect to the U.S. dollar, however, may lower the price of imported beer to consumers and may result in increased demand for imported beer in the Mexican market, while a devaluation of the Mexican peso should have a negative impact on demand for imported beers.

Regional market share differences

FEMSA Cerveza and Grupo Modelo are strongest in beer markets in different regions of Mexico. FEMSA Cerveza has a stronger market position in the northern and southern areas of Mexico while Grupo Modelo has a stronger market position in central Mexico. We believe that these regional market positions can be traced in part to consumer loyalty to the brand of beer that has historically been associated with a particular region.

We also believe that regional market strength is a function of the proximity of the breweries to the markets they serve. Transportation costs restrict the most efficient distribution of beer to a geographic area of approximately 300 to 500 kilometers surrounding a brewery. Generally, FEMSA Cerveza commands a majority of the beer sales in regions that are nearest to its largest breweries. FEMSA Cerveza’s largest breweries are in Orizaba, Veracruz and in Monterrey, Nuevo León. Grupo Modelo’s largest breweries are located in Mexico City, Oaxaca and Zacatecas.

The northern region of Mexico has traditionally enjoyed a higher per capita income level, attributable in part to its rapid industrialization within the last 50 years and to its commercial proximity to the United States. In addition, per capita beer consumption is also greater in this region due to its warmer climate and a more ingrained beer culture.

Mexican Regional Demographic Statistics

as of December 31, 2008

Region

  Percent of
Total
Population
  Percent of Total
Gross
Domestic
Product
  Per Capita
Gross
Domestic
Product(1)

Northern

  27.0 33.5 Ps. 127.4

Southern

  22.9   15.3   68.4

Central

  50.1   51.2   104.7

Total

  100.0 100.0 Ps. 102.5

(1)Thousands of pesos

Source:FEMSA Cerveza estimates based on figures published by the Mexican Institute of Statistics (INEGI) and CAPEM Oxford Economics Forecasting.

Government regulation

The2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA operated 249 distribution centers, approximately 51% of which were in its Mexican federal government regulates beer consumption in Mexico primarily through taxation while local governments in Mexico regulate primarily throughterritories. Coca-Cola FEMSA owns more than 86% of these distribution centers and leases the issuance of licenses that authorize retailers to sell alcoholic beverages.

Federal taxes on beer consist of a 15% value-added tax and an excise tax which is the higher of (1) 25% and (2) Ps. 3 per liter for non-returnable presentation or Ps. 1.74 for returnable presentations, as part of an environmental initiative by the Mexican governmental to encourage returnable presentations. The tax component of retail beer prices is significantly higher in Mexico than in the United States.

The number of retail outlets authorized to sell beer is controlled by local jurisdictions, which issue licenses authorizing the sale of alcoholic beverages. Other regulations regarding beer consumption in Mexico vary according to local jurisdiction and include limitationsremainder. See “Item 4. Information on the hours during which restaurants, barsCompany—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Product Sales and other retail outlets are allowed to sell beer and other alcoholic beverages. FEMSA Cerveza has been engaged in addressing these limitations at various levels, including efforts with governmental and civil authorities to promote better education for the responsible consumption of beer. For instance, as part of its ongoing community activities, FEMSA Cerveza was the first in implementing a nationwide designated driver program (Conductor designado) in Mexico.

Since July 1984, Mexican federal regulation has required that all forms of beer packaging carry a warning advising that excessive consumption of beer is hazardous to one’s health. In addition, theLey General de Salud (General Health Law), requires that all beers sold in Mexico maintain a sanitation registration with theSecretaría de Salud (Ministry of Health).

Demographics of beer drinking population

We estimate that annual per capita beer consumption for the total Mexican population reached approximately 60 liters, or 0.6 hectoliters, in 2008, as compared to approximately 82 liters, or 0.8 hectoliters, in the United States. The legal drinking age is 18 in Mexico. We consider the population segment of men between the ages of 18 and 45 to be FEMSA Cerveza’s primary market. At least 37% of the Mexican population is under the age of 18 and, therefore, is not considered to be part of the beer drinking population.

Based on historical trends and what management perceives as the continued social acceptance of beer consumption, FEMSA Cerveza believes that general population growth will result in an increase in the number of beer consumers in Mexico. Based on historical trends as measured by the Mexican Institute of Statistics, we expect the Mexican population to grow at an average annual rate of approximately 0.7% per year over the period from 2009 to 2013. We estimate that over the next 10 years approximately 1.5 million additional people per year will become potential beer consumers due to the natural aging of the Mexican population.Distribution.”

Macroeconomic influences affecting beer consumption

We believe that consumption activity in the Mexican beer market is heavily influencedThe table below summarizes by the general levelcountry, installed capacity and percentage utilization of economic activity in Mexico, the country’s gross wage base, changes in real disposable income and employment levels. As a result, the beer industry reacts sharply to economic change. The industry generally experiences high volume growth in periods of economic strength and slower volume growth or volume contraction in periods of economic weakness. Domestic beer sales declined in Mexico in 1982, 1983 and 1995. These sales decreases correspond to periods in which the Mexican economy experienced severe disruptions. Similarly, the economic slowdown observed in 2002 corresponded to a reduction in domestic beer sales in 2002. In 2003, given the effect of a continued economic slowdown on consumers, FEMSA Cerveza decided not to increase prices. The reduction in prices in real terms (after giving effect to inflation) was the main driver for increasing sales volumes during 2003. In 2004, growth in Mexico’s gross domestic product was the main driver for increasing beer sales volume, despite price increases in nominal terms in the Mexican beer industry. In 2005, 2006 and 2007, beer sales volume growth outpaced growth in Mexico’s gross domestic product and in 2008, although FEMSA Cerveza experienced a reduction in consumer demand due to the general economic downturn, volume growth outpaced growth in Mexico’s gross domestic product for the fourth consecutive year.Coca-Cola FEMSA’s production facilities:

Beer Prices

In 2006, FEMSA Cerveza increased prices in Mexico, however, this increase was below the Mexican consumer price index. During 2007, FEMSA Cerveza increased prices to partially compensate for the increase in raw material prices. In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza increased prices twice in the year, however the net effect was below the Mexican consumer price index.

According to theBanco de México’s consumer beer price index, for the Mexican beer industry as a whole, average consumer beer prices increased 6.8% in nominal terms in 2008, which means that prices increased 1.9% over average inflation.

Product OverviewBottling Facility Summary

As of December 31, 2008, in Mexico FEMSA Cerveza produced and/or distributed 21 brands of beer in 14 different presentations resulting in a portfolio of 109 different product offerings. The most important brands in FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican portfolio include:Tecate, Sol, Carta BlancaandIndio.These four brands, all of which are distributed nationwide in Mexico, accounted for approximately 87% of FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexico beer sales volume in 2008.

Per capita information, product segments, relative prices and packaging information with respect to FEMSA Cerveza have been computed and are based upon our statistics and assumptions.

Beer Presentations

In its Mexican operations, FEMSA Cerveza produces and distributes beer in returnable glass bottles and kegs and in non-returnable aluminum cans and glass bottles. FEMSA Cerveza uses the term presentation to reflect these packaging options.

Returnable presentations

The most popular form of packaging in the Mexican beer market is the returnable bottle. FEMSA Cerveza believes that the popularity of the returnable bottle is attributable to its lower price to the consumer. Returnable bottles may be reused an average of 30 times before being recycled. As a result, beer producers are able to charge lower prices for beer in returnable bottles. During periods when the Mexican economy is weak, returnable sales volume generally increase at a faster rate relative to non-returnable sales volume, given that non-returnable bottles are a more expensive presentation.

Non-returnable presentations

FEMSA Cerveza’s presentation mix in Mexico has been growing in non-returnable presentations in the last few years, as we tailor our offering to consumer preferences and provide different convenient alternatives. However, we believe that demand for these presentations is highly sensitive to economic factors because of their higher prices. The vast majority of export sales are in non-returnable presentations.

Relative Pricing

Returnable bottles and kegs are the least expensive beer presentation on a per-milliliter basis. Cans and non-returnable bottles have historically been priced higher than returnable bottles. The consumer preference for presentations in cans has varied considerably over the past 20 years, rising in periods of economic prosperity and declining in periods of economic austerity, reflecting the price differential between these forms of packaging.

Seasonality

Demand for FEMSA Cerveza’s beer is highest in the Mexican summer season, and consequently, brewery utilization rates are at their highest during this period. Demand for FEMSA Cerveza’s products also tends to increase in the month of December, reflecting consumption during the holiday season. Demand for FEMSA Cerveza’s products decreases during the months of November, January and February primarily as a result of colder weather in the northern regions of Mexico.

Primary Distribution

FEMSA Cerveza’s primary distribution in Mexico is from its production facilities to its distribution centers’ warehouses. FEMSA Cerveza delivers to a combination of company-owned and third party distributors. In an effort to improve the efficiency and alignment of the distribution network, FEMSA Cerveza has adjusted its relationship with independent distributors by implementing franchise agreements and as a result, has achieved economies of scale through integration with FEMSA Cerveza’s operating systems. In recent years, FEMSA Cerveza has achieved infrastructure and personnel efficiencies through the integration of company-owned distribution centers. The results of these efficiencies have been partially diminished by the acquisition of third party distribution centers. FEMSA Cerveza has increased its directly distributed volume in respect of its Mexican beer sales volume to 91%, operating through 233 company-owned distribution centers. The remaining 9% of the beer sales volume was sold through 44 third party distribution centers, most of them operating under franchise agreements with FEMSA Cerveza. A franchise agreement is offered only to those distributors that meet certain standards of operating capabilities, performance and alignment. FEMSA Cerveza has historically and intends to continue in the future to acquire those distributors that do not meet these standards. Through this initiative FEMSA Cerveza will continue to seek to increase its Mexico beer sales volume through company-owned distribution centers.

In addition to distributing its own brands, on June 22, 2004, FEMSA Cerveza’s brewing subsidiary and Coors Brewing Company entered into an agreement pursuant to which FEMSA Cerveza’s subsidiary was appointed the exclusive importer, producer, distributor, marketer and seller ofCoors Light beer in Mexico.

Retail Distribution

The main sales outlets for beer in Mexico are small, independently-owned “mom and pop” grocery stores, dedicated beer stores or “depósitos,” liquor stores and bars. Supermarkets account for only a small percentage of beer sales in Mexico. In addition, FEMSA Comercio operates a chain of 6,374 convenience stores under the trade name OXXO that exclusively sell FEMSA Cerveza’s brands.

The Mexican retail market is fragmented and characterized by a preponderance of small outlets that are unable and unwilling to maintain meaningful inventory levels, and therefore FEMSA Cerveza must make frequent product deliveries to its retailers. Through the pre-sale process, FEMSA Cerveza has improved its distribution practices, enhancing efficiency by separating the selling and distribution processes and consequently improving the effectiveness of routes. During 2008, FEMSA Cerveza implemented a new method of serving its customers by

addressing customer needs through alternative pre-sale processes, through which FEMSA Cerveza seeks to increase its efficiency while at the same time improve the capabilities of its sales force to better implement sales strategies at the point of sale and serve different customer types better. As of the December 31, 2008, approximately 23% of the customers were served through alternative pre-sale processes including electronic ordering and telephone sales in a call center. See “—Marketing Strategy.”

As of December 31, 2008, FEMSA Cerveza serves approximately 340,000 retailers in Mexico and its distribution network operates approximately 2,307 retail distribution routes, which represent an increase of 170 routes, principally due to acquisitions of territories from third party distributors during 2008.

Enterprise Resource Planning

FEMSA Cerveza operates an Enterprise Resource Planning system, or ERP, that provides an information and control platform to support commercial activities nationwide in Mexico and correlate them with the administrative and business development decision-making processes occurring in FEMSA Cerveza’s central office. The Mexican beer sales volume of all FEMSA Cerveza’s company-owned distribution centers, including our main third party distributors, operates through ERP.

Marketing Strategy

FEMSA Cerveza focuses on the consumer by segmenting markets and positioning its brands, accordingly, striving to develop brand and packaging portfolios that provide the best alternatives for every consumption occasion at the appropriate price. By segmenting markets, we refer to the technique whereby we design and execute relevant and distinctive positioning and communication strategies that allow us to satisfy different consumer needs. Continuous market research provides feedback that is used to develop and adapt our product offerings to best satisfy our consumers’ needs. We are increasingly focused on micro-segmentation, where we use our market research and our information technology systems to target smaller market segments, including in some cases the individual point-of-sale.

FEMSA Cerveza also focuses on the retailer by designing and implementing channel marketing at the point-of-sale, such as promotional programs providing merchandising materials and, where appropriate, refrigeration equipment. A channel refers to a point-of-sale category, or sub-category, such as a supermarket, beer depot or restaurants. Furthermore, we are always attempting to develop new channels in order to capture incremental consumption opportunities for our brands.

In order to coordinate the brand and channel strategies, we are developing and implementing integrated marketing programs, which aim to improve brand value through the simultaneous use of mass media advertising and targeted marketing efforts at the point-of-sale as well as event sponsorships. Our marketing program for a particular brand seeks to emphasize in a consistent manner the distinctive attributes of that brand.

FEMSA Cerveza implemented an initiative to efficiently enable corporate growth strategies. This effort, which relies on our extensive consumer and market research practices, seeks the development of new packaging and product alternatives that allow us to capture new consumers and to strengthen the presence of our brands through brand line extensions. Innovation has been a key priority at FEMSA Cerveza and has been implemented throughout the value chain with the objective of allowing FEMSA Cerveza to continue to offer different options to consumers.

Plants and Facilities

FEMSA Cerveza currently operates six breweries in Mexico with an aggregate monthly production capacity of 3.09 million hectoliters, equivalent to approximately 37.080 million hectoliters of annual capacity. Each of FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican breweries have received ISO 9001 and 9002 certification and a Clean Industry Certification (Certificado de Industria Limpia) given by Mexican environmental authorities. A key consideration in the selection of a site for a brewery is its proximity to potential markets, as the cost of transportation is a critical component of the overall cost of beer to the consumer. FEMSA Cerveza’s Mexican breweries are strategically located across the country, as shown in the table below, to better serve FEMSA Cerveza’s distribution system.

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FEMSA Cerveza Mexico Facility Capacity Summary

Year Ended December 31, 20082011

 

Brewery

Average
Annualized
Capacity
(in thousands
of hectoliters)

Orizaba

10,200

Monterrey

7,800

Toluca

5,400

Navojoa

5,400

Tecate

4,680

Guadalajara

3,600

Total

37,080

Average capacity utilization

80.9

Between 2004 and 2008, FEMSA Cerveza increased its average monthly production capacity by approximately 282,000 hectoliters through additional investments in existing facilities.

FEMSA Cerveza operates seven effluent water treatment systems in Mexico to treat the water used by the breweries, all of which are wholly owned by FEMSA Cerveza except for the effluent treatment system at the Orizaba brewery, which is a joint venture among FEMSA Cerveza, several other local companies and the government of the state of Veracruz.

In November 2007, FEMSA Cerveza announced an investment of US$ 275 million for the construction of a new brewery in Meoqui, Chihuahua, in Northern Mexico and as of December 31, 2008 FEMSA Cerveza had invested Ps. 221 million (US$ 16 million) in the project. Due to the downturn in the global economy and the resulting adjustments to our capacity expansion strategy, we have delayed the construction and expect to begin operations in 2012 instead of 2010, as originally planned.

Glass Bottles and Cans

FEMSA Cerveza produces (1) beverage cans and can ends, (2) glass bottles and (3) crown caps for glass bottle presentations principally to meet the packaging needs of its Mexican operations. The packaging operations include a silica sand mine, which provides materials necessary for the production of glass bottles. The following table provides a summary of the facilities for these operations:

FEMSA Cerveza Mexico Glass Bottle and Beverage Can Operations Product Summary

Year Ended December 31, 2008

Product

  Location  Annual Production
Capacity(1)
  % Average Capacity
Utilization

Beverage cans

  Ensenada  1,700  85.2
  Toluca  3,000  90.8
    4,700  88.8

Can ends

  Monterrey  5,100  89.0

Crown cap

  Monterrey  18,000  85.1

Glass bottles

  Orizaba  1,300  79.7

Bottle decoration

  Nogales  330  57.0

Silica sand

  Acayucan  720  98.9

Country

  Installed Capacity
(thousands of unit cases)
   %
Utilization(1)
 

Mexico

   1,897,760     70

Guatemala

   34,544     80

Nicaragua

   65,475     58

Costa Rica

   84,238     54

Panama

   40,754     64

Colombia

   531,046     47

Venezuela

   296,052     63

Brazil

   650,356     68

Argentina

   316,040     66

 

(1)Amounts are expressed in millions of units of each product, except for silica sand which is expressed in thousands of tons.Annualized rate.

Two plants produce aluminum beverage can bodies at production facilities in Ensenada and Toluca, and another plant produces can ends at a production facility in Monterrey. During 2008, 64.0% of the beverage can volume produced by these plants was used by FEMSA Cerveza and the remaining amount was sold to third parties.

Glass bottles are produced at a glass production facility in Orizaba, Veracruz and bottles are decorated at a plant in Nogales, Veracruz. During 2008, 68.4% of the glass bottle volume produced by these plants was used by FEMSA Cerveza, 20.2% was sold to Coca-Cola FEMSA and 11.4% was sold to third parties.

In addition to the construction of the new brewery in Meoqui, Chihuahua, FEMSA Cerveza announced a US$ 117 million investment for the construction of a new glass bottle facility in Meoqui, which has also been delayed and is expected to begin operations in 2012.

Raw Materials

Malted barley, hops, certain grains, yeast and water are the principal ingredients used in manufacturing FEMSA Cerveza’s beer products. The principal raw materials used by FEMSA Cerveza’s packaging plants include aluminum, steel and silica sand. All of these raw materials are generally available in the open market. FEMSA Cerveza satisfies its commodity requirements through purchases from various sources, including purchases pursuant to contractual arrangements and purchases in the open market.

Aluminum and steel are two of the most significant raw materials used in FEMSA Cerveza’s packaging operations to make aluminum cans, can ends and bottle caps. FEMSA Cerveza purchases aluminum and steel directly from international and local suppliers on a contractual basis. Companies such as Alcoa, Nittetsu-Shoji, Novelis, CSN, Rasselstein and AHMSA have been selected as suppliers. Prices of aluminum and steel are generally quoted in U.S. dollars, and FEMSA Cerveza’s cost is therefore affected by changes in exchange rates. For example, a depreciation of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar will increase the cost to FEMSA Cerveza of aluminum and steel, and will decrease FEMSA Cerveza’s margins as its sales are generally denominated in Mexican pesos. To date, FEMSA Cerveza’s silica sand mine has been able to satisfy all of the silica sand requirements of its glass bottle plant.

Barley is FEMSA Cerveza’s most significant raw material for the production of its beer products. International markets determine the prices and supply sources of agricultural raw materials, which are affected by the level of crop production, inventories, weather conditions, domestic and export demand, as well as government regulations affecting agriculture. The principal source of barley for the Mexican beer industry is the domestic harvest. If domestic production in Mexico is insufficient to meet the industry’s requirements, barley (or its equivalent in malt) can be obtained from international markets. Raw material prices have increased in recent years, in particular the price for barley due to the fact that during 2006 and 2007 the harvests of Europe and Australia (two of the largest producers) fell because of droughts and untimely rains. Additionally, the price of wheat, which is not an ingredient of our beers, but competes for land with barley and other grains, increased significantly in 2007 and during most of 2008, adding pressure to the price of grains worldwide. In the second half of 2008, wheat prices declined due to higher harvests and lower demand.

As part of its normal operations, FEMSA Cerveza uses derivative financial instruments to hedge risk exposures associated with the price of some raw materials that are traded on international markets, such as aluminum, natural gas and wheat.

Brazil Operations

The Brazilian Beer Market

The Brazilian beer market was the third largest beer market in the world in terms of industry sales volume in 2008 and is characterized by (1) concentrated domestic beer production, (2) favorable demographics in the beer drinking population, and (3) a fragmented retail channel.

Concentrated Brazilian beer production

The Brazilian beer market is comprised of one large producer holding substantial market share, three medium sized producers, and some minor regional brewers. The large producer is Companhia de Bebidas das Americas, or AmBev, a publicly traded company based in Sao Paulo that is majority-owned by the Belgian brewer A-B InBev which principal beer brands areSkol, BrahmaandAntarctica.AmBev is also a large bottler of sparkling beverages, with brands such asGuaraná AntarcticaandPepsi Cola.The three medium sized producers are FEMSA Cerveza, Grupo Schincariol, whose main brand isNova Schin, and Cervejaria Petropolis, whose main brands areItaipava andCrystal. FEMSA Cerveza’s sales in the Brazilian market depend on its ability to compete in a complex competitive environment with a large producer with predominant market share and two strong regional local brewers. Historically, beer imports have not been a significant factor in the Brazilian beer market, but are increasing as the super premium beer segment develops.

Demographics of beer drinking population

We estimate that annual per capita beer consumption for the total Brazilian population reached approximately 54 liters in 2008. The legal drinking age is 18 in Brazil. We consider the population segment of men between the ages of 18 and 45 to be FEMSA Cerveza’s primary market. Approximately 32% of the Brazilian population is under the age of 18 and, therefore, is not considered to be part of the beer drinking population.

Based on historical trends and what management perceives as the continued social acceptance of beer consumption, FEMSA Cerveza believes that general population growth will result in an increase in the number of beer consumers in Brazil. Based on historical trends as measured by the InstitutoBrasileiro de Geografia e

Estadística (Brazilian Institute of Statistics, or IBGE), we expect the Brazilian population to grow at an average annual rate of approximately 0.9% per year over the period from 2009 to 2013.We estimate that over the next 10 years approximately in excess of 3 million additional people per year will become potential beer consumers due to the natural aging of the Brazilian population.

Product Overview

As of December 31, 2008, in Brazil FEMSA Cerveza produced and/or distributed 15 brands of beer in 8 different presentations resulting in a portfolio of 40 different product offerings. The most important brands in FEMSA Cerveza’s Brazilian portfolio include:Kaiser, Bavaria Clásica, Sol, HeinekenandXingu.These five brands, all of which are distributed nationwide in Brazil, accounted for approximately 96% of FEMSA Cerveza’s Brazil beer sales volume in 2008.

Beer Presentations

In its Brazilian breweries, FEMSA Cerveza produces and distributes beer in returnable glass bottles and kegs and in non-returnable aluminum cans and glass bottles. In the Brazilian beer market, the most popular presentation is the 600 ml returnable bottle because of the affordability of this presentation combined with its popularity in the on-premise segment. However, in the past years the sales volume mix has slightly shifted towards non-returnable presentations, which can be attributed in part to improvements in the Brazilian economy and changes in consumer habits.

Primary Distribution

FEMSA Cerveza’s primary distribution in Brazil is from its production facilities to the warehouses of the various Coca-Cola franchise bottlers in Brazil. There are 19 Coca-Cola bottlers across Brazil, each responsible for a certain geographic territory including subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Retail Sales and Distribution

FEMSA Cerveza relies on the 19 different bottlers of the Coca-Cola system across Brazil for the sale and secondary distribution of our beers. The bottlers leverage their infrastructure, sales force, expertise, distribution assets and refrigeration equipment at the point of sale to offer a broad portfolio of products to the retailer.

Plants and Facilities

FEMSA Cerveza currently operates eight breweries in Brazil with an aggregate monthly production capacity of 1.7 million hectoliters, equivalent to approximately 20 million hectoliters of annual capacity. All eight Brazilian breweries have received ISO 9001, ISO 14.001 and OHASA 18.001 certifications. A key consideration in the selection of a site for a brewery is its proximity to potential markets, as the cost of transportation is a critical component of the overall cost of beer to the consumer. FEMSA Cerveza’s Brazilian breweries are strategically located across the country, as shown in the table below, to better serve FEMSA Cerveza’s distribution system.

FEMSA Cerveza Brazil Facility Allocation

as of December 31, 2008

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FEMSA Cerveza Brazil Facility Capacity Summary

Year Ended December 31, 2008

Brewery

Average
Annualized
Capacity
(in thousands
of hectoliters)

Jacareí

7,864

Ponta Grossa

3,100

Araraquara

2,800

Feira de Santana

1,972

Pacatuba

1,800

Gravataí

1,752

Cuiabá

420

Manaus

480

Total

20,188

Average capacity utilization

50.7

Exports

FEMSA Cerveza’s principal export market is the United States and its export strategy focuses on that country. In particular, FEMSA Cerveza concentrates efforts on its core markets located in the sun-belt states bordering Mexico, while seeking to develop its brands in key imported beer markets located in the eastern United States. FEMSA Cerveza believes that these two regions of the United States represent one of its greatest potential market outside of Mexico.

Prior to January 1, 2005, Labatt USA was the importer of FEMSA Cerveza’s brands in the United States. On June 21, 2004, FEMSA Cerveza and two of its subsidiaries entered into distributor and sublicense agreements with Heineken USA. In accordance with these agreements, on January 1, 2005, Heineken USA became the exclusive importer, marketer and seller of FEMSA Cerveza’s brands in the United States. In April 2007, FEMSA Cerveza and Heineken USA entered into a new ten-year agreement pursuant to which Heineken USA will continue to be the exclusive importer, marketer and distributor of FEMSA Cerveza’s beer brands in the United States. This agreement went into effect on January 1, 2008.

Export beer sales volume of 3,479 million hectoliters in 2008 represented 8.5% of FEMSA Cerveza’s total beer sales volume. FEMSA Cerveza’s export beer revenues of Ps. 3,608 represented 8.5% of total revenues in 2008. The following table highlights FEMSA Cerveza’s export beer sales volumes and export beer sales:

FEMSA Cerveza Export Summary

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006  2005  2004 

Export beer sales volume(1)

  3,479   3,183   2,811   2,438   2,240  

Volume growth(2)

  9.3 13.2 15.3 8.8 13.0

Percent of total beer sales volumes(3)

  8.5 8.0 7.4 9.0 8.7

Mexican pesos(4) (millions)

  3,608   3,339   2,977   2,717   2,008  

U.S. dollars(5) (millions)

  327   299   256   227   156  

Revenue growth (US$)(2)

  9.4 16.5 13.0 45.8 16.7

Percent of total beer revenues

  8.5 8.4 8.1 10.2 8.1

Source: FEMSA Cerveza.

(1)Thousands of hectoliters.

(2)Percentage change over prior year.

(3)Information prior to 2006 does not include Kaiser sales volume.

(4)Mexican pesos at December 31, 2008.

(5)Export beer sales are invoiced and collected in U.S. dollars.

FEMSA Cerveza currently exports its products to 52 countries. The principal export market for FEMSA Cerveza is North America, which accounted for 88% of FEMSA Cerveza’s export beer sales volume in 2008.

FEMSA Cerveza’s principal export brands areTecate, XX Lager,Dos Equis (Amber) andSol. These brands collectively accounted for 91.7% of FEMSA Cerveza’s export sales volume for the year ended December 31, 2008.

FEMSA Comercio

Overview and Background

FEMSA Comercio operates the largest chain of convenience stores in Mexico, measured in terms of number of stores as of December 31, 2008,2011, under the trade name OXXO. As of December 31, 2008,2011, FEMSA Comercio operated 6,3749,561 OXXO stores, of which 9,538 are located throughout the country, with a particularly strong presence in the northern part of Mexico.Mexico, and the remaining 23 stores are located in Bogotá, Colombia.

FEMSA Comercio, the largest single customer of FEMSA CervezaCuauhtémoc Moctezuma and of the Coca-Cola system in Mexico, was established by FEMSA in 1978 when two OXXO stores were opened in Monterrey, one store in Mexico City and another store in Guadalajara. The motivating factor behind FEMSA’s entrance into the retail industry was to enhance beer sales through company-owned retail outlets as well as to gather information on customer preferences. In 2008, sales of beer through OXXO represented 12.3% of FEMSA Cerveza’s domestic beer sales volume as well as approximately 14.6% of FEMSA Comercio’s revenues. In 2008,2011, a typical OXXO store carried 1,7772,324 different store keeping units (SKUs) in 31 main product categories.

In recent years, FEMSA Comercio has gained importance asrepresented an effective distribution channel for our beverage products, as well as a rapidly growing point of contact with our consumers. Based on the belief that location plays a major role in the long-term success of a retail operation such as a convenience store, as well as a role in our continually improving ability to accelerate and streamline the new-store development process, FEMSA Comercio has focused on a strategy of rapid, profitable growth. FEMSA Comercio opened 706, 716960, 1,092 and 8111,135 net new OXXO stores in 2006, 20072009, 2010 and 2008,2011, respectively. The accelerated expansion in the number of stores yielded total revenue growth of 12.0%19.0% to reach Ps. 47,14674,112 million in 2008.2011. Same store sales increased 0.4% reflectingan average of 9.2%, driven by increases in store traffic and average customer ticket. Starting in 2008, FEMSA Comercio revenues reflect an accounting effect of the mix shift from pre-paidphysical prepaid wireless phoneair-time cards to the sale of electronic air-time for which only the margin is recorded, not the full revenue amount of the air-timeelectronic recharge. FEMSA Comercio performed approximately 1,695 million2.7 billion transactions in 20082011 compared to 1,357 million2.3 billion transactions in 2007.2010.

Business Strategy

A fundamental element of FEMSA Comercio’s business strategy is to utilize its position in the convenience store market to grow in a cost-effective and profitable manner. As a market leader in convenience store retailing, based on internal company surveys, management believes that FEMSA Comercio has an in-depth understanding of its markets and significant expertise in operating a national store chain. FEMSA Comercio intends to continue increasing its store base while capitalizing on the market knowledge gained at existing stores.

FEMSA Comercio has developed proprietary models to assist in identifying appropriate store locations, store formats and product categories. Its model utilizes location-specific demographic data and FEMSA Comercio’s experience in similar locations to fine tune the store format and product offerings to the target market. Market segmentation is becoming an important strategic tool, and it should increasingly allow FEMSA Comercio to improve the operating efficiency of each location and the overall profitability of the chain.

FEMSA Comercio has made and will continue to make significant investments in information technologyIT to improve its ability to capture customer information from its existing stores and to improve its overall operating performance. AllThe majority of products carried through OXXO stores are bar-coded, and all OXXO stores are equipped with point-of-sale systems that are integrated into a company-wide computer network. To implement revenue management strategies, FEMSA Comercio created a division in charge of product category management for products, such as beverages, fast food and perishables, to enhance and better utilize its consumer information base and market intelligence capabilities. FEMSA Comercio has implementedutilizes a technology platform supported by an ERPenterprise resource planning (ERP) system, as well as other technological solutions such as merchandising and point-of-sale systems, which will allow FEMSA Comercio to redesigncontinue redesigning its key operating processes and enhance the usefulness of its market information going forward. In addition, FEMSA Comercio has expanded its operations by opening six new stores in Bogotá, Colombia in 2011.

FEMSA Comercio has adopted innovative promotional strategies in order to increase store traffic and sales. In particular, FEMSA Comercio sells high-frequency items such as beverages, snacks and cigarettes at competitive prices. FEMSA Comercio’s ability to implement this strategy profitably is partly attributable to the size of the OXXO chain, as FEMSA Comercio is able to work together with its suppliers to implement their revenue-management strategies through differentiated promotions. OXXO’s national and local marketing and promotional strategies are an effective revenue driver and a means of reaching new segments of the population while strengthening theOXXO brand. For example, the organization has refined its expertise in executing cross promotions (discounts on multi-packs or sales of complementary products at a special price) and targeted promotions to attract new customer segments, such as housewives, by expanding the offerings in the grocery product category in certain stores. FEMSA Comercio is also strengthening its capabilities to increasingly provide consumers with services such as utility bill payment and other basic transactions.

Store Locations

With 6,3749,538 OXXO stores in Mexico and 23 stores in Colombia as of December 31, 2008,2011, FEMSA Comercio operates the largest convenience store chain in Latin America measured by number of stores. OXXO stores are concentrated in the northern part of Mexico, but also have a growing presence in central Mexico and the Gulf coast.rest of the country.

FEMSA Comercio

Regional Allocation of OxxoOXXO Stores in Mexico and Latin America(*)

as of December 31, 20082011

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FEMSA Comercio has aggressively expanded its number of stores over the past several years. The average investment required to open a new store varies, depending on location and format and whether the store is opened in an existing retail location or requires construction of a new store. FEMSA Comercio is generally able to use supplier credit to fund the initial inventory of new stores.

Growth in Total OXXO Stores

 

  Year Ended December 31,   Year Ended December 31, 
  2008 2007 2006 2005 2004   2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 

Total OXXO stores

  6,374   5,563   4,847   4,141   3,466     9,561    8,426    7,334    6,374    5,563  

Store growth (% change over previous year)

  14.6 14.8 17.0 19.5 23.9   13.5  14.9  15.1  14.6  14.8

FEMSA Comercio currently expects to continue the growth trend established over the past several years by emphasizing growth in areas of high economic potential in existing markets and by expanding in underserved and unexploited markets. Management believes that the southeast part of Mexico is particularly underserved by the convenience store industry.

The identification of locations and pre-opening planning in order to optimize the results of new stores are important elements in FEMSA Comercio’s growth plan. FEMSA Comercio continuously reviews store performance against certain operating and financial benchmarks to optimize the overall performance of the chain. Stores unable to maintain benchmark standards are generally closed. Between December 31, 20042007 and 2008,2011, the total number of OXXO stores increased by 2,9083,998, which resulted from the opening of 3,0184,091 new stores and the closing of 11093 existing stores.

Competition

OXXO competes in the convenience store segment of theoverall retail market, withwhich we believe is highly competitive. OXXO convenience stores face direct competition from 7-Eleven, Super Extra, Super City Circle-K and AM/PM,Círculo K, and other local convenience stores as well as from a number of other local convenience stores. The format of these stores is similar to the format of the OXXO stores.modern and traditional retail formats. OXXO competes both for consumers and for new locations for stores and the managers to operate those stores. Based on an internal market survey conducted by FEMSA Comercio, management believes that asFEMSA Comercio operates approximately 66% of December 31, 2008, there were approximately 10,052the stores in Mexico that could be considered part of the convenience store segment of the retail market.market as of the end of December 31, 2011. OXXO is the largest chain inconvenience stores also face competition from numerous small chains of retailers across Mexico operating almost two-thirds of theseand from retailers that participate with store formats other than convenience stores. Furthermore, FEMSA Comercio operates in the 32 Mexican states and has much broader geographical coverage than any of its competitors in Mexico.

Market and Store Characteristics

Market Characteristics

FEMSA Comercio is placing increased emphasis on market segmentation and differentiation of store formats to more appropriately serve the needs of customers on a location-by-location basis. The principal segments include residential neighborhoods, commercial and office locations and stores near schools and universities, along with other types of specialized locations.

Approximately 67%62% of OXXO’s customers are between the ages of 15 and 35. FEMSA Comercio also segments the market according to demographic criteria, including income level.

Store Characteristics

The average size of an OXXO store is approximately 109106 square meters of selling space, excluding space dedicated to refrigeration, storage or parking. The average constructed area of a store is approximately 186 square meters and, when parking areas are included, the average store size increases tois approximately 443432 square meters.

FEMSA Comercio—Operating Indicators

 

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2008  2007  2006  2005  2004 
   (percentage increase compared to previous year) 

Total FEMSA Comercio revenues

  12.0 14.3 18.7 21.8 24.8

OXXO same-store sales(1)

  0.4 3.3 8.2 8.7 8.9
   (percentage of total) 

Beer-related data:

      

Beer sales as % of total store sales

  14.6 13.4 13.5 13.0 13.4

OXXO store sales as a % of FEMSA Cerveza’s volume

  12.3 11.0 9.9 8.6 7.3
   Year Ended December 31, 
   2011  2010  2009  2008  2007 
   (percentage increase compared to
previous year)
 

Total FEMSA Comercio revenues

   19.0  16.3  13.6  12.0  14.3

OXXO same-store sales(1)

   9.2  5.2  1.3  0.4  3.3

 

(1)Same-store sales growth is calculated by comparing the sales of stores for each year that have been in operation for at least 13more than 12 months with the sales of those same stores during the previous year.

Beer, telephone cards,cigarettes, soft drinks, snacks and cigarettescellular telephone air-time represent the main product categories for OXXO stores. FEMSA Comercio has a distribution agreement with FEMSA Cerveza.Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (which is now part of the Heineken Group). As a result of this agreement, OXXO stores only carry beer brands produced and distributed by FEMSA Cerveza.Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. OXXO stores will continue to benefit from the existing relationship under which Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma will continue to be the exclusive supplier of beer to OXXO until June 2020. Prior to 2001, OXXO stores had informal agreements with Coca-Cola bottlers, including Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in central Mexico, to sell only their products. SinceBeginning in 2001, a limited number ofcertain OXXO stores began sellingPepsi products other brands of sparkling beverages in certainsome cities in northern Mexico, as part of a defensive competitive strategy.Mexico.

Approximately 72%67% of OXXO stores are operated by independent managers responsible for all aspects of store operations. The managers are commission agents and are not employees of FEMSA Comercio. Each store manager is the legal employer of the store’s staff, which typically numbers six people per store. FEMSA Comercio continually invests in on-site operating personnel, with the objective of promoting loyalty, customer-servicecustomer service and low personnel turnover in the stores.

Advertising and Promotion

FEMSA Comercio’s marketing efforts include both specific product promotions and image advertising campaigns. These strategies seek to increase store traffic and sales, and to reinforce the OXXO name and market position.

FEMSA Comercio manages its advertising on three levels depending on the nature and scope of the specific campaign: local or store-specific, regional and national. Store-specific and regional campaigns are closely monitored to ensure consistency with the overall corporate image of OXXO stores and to avoid conflicts with national campaigns. FEMSA Comercio primarily uses point of purchase materials, flyers, handbills and print and radio media for promotional campaigns, although television is used occasionally for the introduction of new products and services. The OXXO chain’s image and brand name are presented consistently across all stores, irrespective of location.

Inventory and Purchasing

FEMSA Comercio has placed considerable emphasis on improving operating performance. As part of these efforts, FEMSA Comercio continues to invest in extensive information management systems to improve inventory management. Electronic data collection has enabled FEMSA Comercio to reduce average inventory levels. Inventory replenishment decisions are carried out on a store-by-store basis.

Management believes that the OXXO chain’s scale of operations provides FEMSA Comercio with a competitive advantage in its ability to realize strategic alliances with suppliers. General category offerings are determined on a national level, although purchasing decisions are implemented on a local, regional or national level, depending on the nature of the product category. Given the fragmented nature of the retail industry in Mexico in general, Mexican producers of beer, soft drinks, bread, dairy products, snacks, cigarettes and other high-frequency products have established proprietary distribution systems with extensive direct distribution routes. As a result, approximately 53%52% of the OXXO chain’s total sales consist of products carried by the OXXO chainthat are delivered directly to the stores by suppliers. Other products with longer shelf lives are distributed to stores by FEMSA Comercio’s distribution

system, which includes ten13 regional warehouses located in Monterrey, Mexico City, Guadalajara, Mexicali, Mérida, León, Obregón, Puebla, Chihuahua, Reynosa, Tijuana, Villahermosa and Reynosa.two in Mexico City. The distribution centers operate a fleet of approximately 317627 trucks that make deliveries to each store approximately once atwice per week.

Seasonality

OXXO stores experience periods of high demand in December, as a result of the holidays, and in July and August, as a result of increased consumption of beer and soft drinks during the hot summer months. The months of November and February are generally the weakest sales months for OXXO stores. In general, colder weather during these months reduces store traffic and consumption of cold beverages.

Other Stores

FEMSA Comercio also operates other small format stores, which include soft discount stores with a focus on perishables, liquor stores and smaller convenience stores.

FEMSA Cerveza and Equity Method Investment in the Heineken Group

Until April 30, 2010, FEMSA Cerveza was our wholly-owned subsidiary, producing beer in Mexico and Brazil and exporting its products to more than 50 countries worldwide, with North America being its most important export market, followed by certain markets in Europe, Latin America and Asia. As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza was ranked the tenth-largest brewer in the world in terms of sales volume, and in Mexico, its main market, FEMSA Cerveza was ranked the second-largest beer producer in terms of sales volume. In 2009, approximately 66.4% of FEMSA Cerveza’s sales volume came from Mexico, with the remaining 24.8% from Brazil and 8.8% from exports. As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza sold 40.548 million hectoliters of beer and produced and/or distributed 21 brands of beer in 14 different presentations resulting in a portfolio of 111 different product offerings in Mexico.

As of December 31, 2009, FEMSA Cerveza represented 23.5% of our total revenues and 34.1% of our total assets. For the period from January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2010, FEMSA Cerveza contributed net income of Ps. 706 million to our net income. On April 30, 2010, FEMSA announced the closing of the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group. The principal terms of the Heineken transaction documents are summarized below in “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts.”

As of April 30, 2010, FEMSA owns a non-controlling interest in the Heineken Group, one of the world’s leading brewers. Our 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group was initially comprised of 43,018,320 shares of Heineken Holding N.V. and 43,009,699 shares of Heineken N.V., with an additional 29,172,504 Allotted Shares to be delivered pursuant to the ASDI. As of December 31, 2011, the delivery of the Allotted Shares had been completed. See Note 9 to our audited consolidated financial statements. For 2011, FEMSA recognized equity income of Ps. 5,080 million regarding its 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group.

As described above, FEMSA Comercio has a distribution agreement with Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (which is now a part of the Heineken Group) pursuant to which OXXO stores only carry beer brands produced and distributed by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma. OXXO stores will continue to benefit from the existing relationship under which Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma will continue to be the names Bara, Sixexclusive supplier of beer to OXXO until June 2020. As of April 30, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA has agreed with Cervejarias Kaiser (also now part of the Heineken Group) to continue to distribute and Matador.sell the Kaiser beer portfolio in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian territories for a 20-year term beginning in 2003, consistent with the arrangement already in place. In addition, our corporate and shared services subsidiary will continue to provide certain services to Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma and its subsidiaries.

Other Business

Our other business consists of the following smaller operations that support our core operations:

 

Our commercial refrigerators, labels and flexible packaging subsidiaries. The refrigeration business produces vertical and horizontal commercial refrigerators for the soft drink, beer and food industries, with an annual capacity of 192,480404,000 units at December 31, 2008.2011. In 2008,2011, this business sold 180,320350,040 refrigeration units, 33.2%30% of which were sold to Coca-Cola FEMSA, 19.1% of which were sold to FEMSA Cerveza and the remainder of which were sold to third parties. TheUntil December 31, 2010, our labeling and flexible packaging business has its facility in Monterrey with an annual production capacity of 335,081 thousands meters of flexible packaging.was our wholly-owned subsidiary. In 2008,2010, this business sold 43%14% of its label sales volume to FEMSA Cerveza, 21%Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, 20% to Coca-Cola FEMSA and 36%66% to third parties. Management believes that growth at these businesses will continue to reflect the marketing strategies of Coca-Cola FEMSAOur labeling and FEMSA Cerveza.flexible packaging business was sold on December 31, 2010.

 

Our logistics services subsidiary provides a broad range of logistics and vehicle maintenance services to Coca-Cola FEMSA, FEMSA Empaques, the packaging operations of FEMSA Cerveza, FEMSA Comercio, Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma and third partythird-party clients that either supply or participate directly in the Mexican beverage industry orbeverages, consumer products and retail industries. It has operations in other industries. This business provides integrated logistics support for its clients’ supply chain, including the management of carriersMexico, Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica and other supply chain services.Nicaragua.

 

  

One of our subsidiaries is the owner ofUntil September 23, 2010 we owned theMundet brands in Mexico, which were disposed of soft drinks and certain concentrate production equipment,through the sale to The Coca-Cola Company of Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V., which are licensed to and produced and distributed by Coca-Colawas a wholly-owned subsidiary of FEMSA.

 

Our corporate services subsidiary employs all of our corporate staff, including the personnel managing the areas of finance, corporate accounting, taxation, legal, financial and strategic planning, human resources and internal audit. Through this subsidiary, we direct, control, supervise and review the operations of our sub-holding companies. FEMSA Cerveza,As of December 31, 2011, FEMSA Comercio, FEMSA Logística and our packaging subsidiaries pay management fees for the services provided to them. In addition, FEMSA Cerveza and Coca-Cola FEMSA have eachhas entered into a services agreement pursuant to which they payit pays for specific services. As part of the Heineken transaction, the corporate and shared services subsidiaries continue to provide some limited corporate services and shared services to subsidiaries of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (now part of the Heineken Group), for which such companies continue to pay.

Description of Property, Plant and Equipment

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we owned all of our manufacturing facilities and substantially all of our warehouses and distribution centers. Our properties primarily consisted of production and distribution facilities for our beer and soft drink operations and office space. In addition, FEMSA Comercio owns approximately 12.6%10.9% of the OXXO store locations, while the other stores are located in properties that are rented under long-term lease arrangements with third parties.

The table below sets forth the location, principal use and production area of our production facilities, and the sub-holding company that owns such facilities.each of which is owned by Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Production Facilities of FEMSA

As of December 31, 20082011

 

Sub-holding CompanyCountry

  

Location

  Principal Use  Production Area
         (in thousands
of sq. meters)

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Mexico

  San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  45
  Cuautitlán, Estado de México  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  35
  Los Reyes la Paz, Estado de México  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  50
  Toluca, Estado de México  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  242
  Celaya, GuanajuatoSoft Drink Bottling Plant87
León, Guanajuato  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  38124
  Morelia, MichoacanMichoacán  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  50
  Ixtacomitán, Tabasco  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  117
  Apizaco, Tlaxcala  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  80
  Coatepec, Veracruz  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  142
La Pureza Altamira, TamaulipasSoft Drink Bottling Plant300
Poza Rica, VeracruzSoft Drink Bottling Plant42
Pacífico, Estado de MéxicoSoft Drink Bottling Plant89
Cuernavaca, MorelosSoft Drink Bottling Plant37
Toluca, Estado de MéxicoSoft Drink Bottling Plant41

Guatemala

  Guatemala City  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  47

Nicaragua

  Managua  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  54

Costa Rica

  Calle Blancos, San José  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  52
  Coronado, San José  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  14

Panama

  Panama City  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  29

Colombia

  Barranquilla  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  37
  Bogotá  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  105
  Bucaramanga  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  26
  Cali  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  76
  Manantial  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  67
  Medellín  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  47

Venezuela

  Antimano  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  15
  Barcelona  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  141
  Maracaibo  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  68
  Valencia  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  100

Brazil

  Campo Grande  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  36
  Jundiaí  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  191
  Mogi das Cruzes  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  119
  Belo Horizonte  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  73

Argentina

  Alcorta  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  73
  MontesMonte Grande, Buenos Aires  Soft Drink Bottling Plant  7832

Sub-holding Company

Location

Principal UseProduction Area
(in thousands
of sq. meters)

FEMSA Cerveza

Tecate, Baja CaliforniaBrewery586
Toluca, Estado de MéxicoBrewery375
Guadalajara, JaliscoBrewery117
Monterrey, Nuevo LeónBrewery445
Navojoa, SonoraBrewery548
Orizaba, VeracruzBrewery281
Pachuca, HidalgoMalt Plant31
San Marcos, PueblaMalt Plant110
Ensenada, Baja CaliforniaBeverage Cans33
Toluca, Estado de MéxicoBeverage Cans22
Monterrey, Nuevo LeónCrown Caps and Can Lids51
Acayucan, VeracruzSilica Sand Mine9
Nogales, VeracruzBottle Decoration26
Orizaba, VeracruzGlass Bottles23

Brazil

JacareíBrewery72
Ponta GrossaBrewery44
AraraquaraBrewery38
Feira de SantanaBrewery26
PacatubaBrewery38
GravataíBrewery23
CuiabáBrewery20
ManausBrewery11

Insurance

We maintain an “all risk” insurance policy covering our properties (owned and leased), machinery and equipment and inventories as well as losses due to business interruptions. The policy covers damages caused by natural disaster, including hurricane, hail, earthquake and damages caused by human acts, including explosion, fire, vandalism, riot and losses incurred in connection with goods in transit. In addition, we maintain an “all risk” liability insurance policy that covers product liability. We purchase our insurance coverage through an insurance broker. The policies are issued by Allianz México, S.A. de C.V.for “all risk” property insurance and ACE Seguros, S.A. for “all risk” liability insurance are issued by ACE Seguros, S.A., and the coverage is partially reinsured in the international reinsurance market. We believe that our coverage is consistent with the coverage maintained by similar companies operating in Mexico.

Capital Expenditures and Divestitures

Our consolidated capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007,2011, 2010, and 20062009 were Ps. 14,23412,515 million, Ps. 11,25711,171 million and Ps. 9,4229,103 million respectively, and were for the most part financed from cash from operations generated by our subsidiaries. These amounts were invested in the following manner:

 

  Year Ended December 31,  Year Ended December 31, 
  2008  2007  2006  2011   2010   2009 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos)  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  4,802  3,682  Ps.2,863  Ps.7,826    Ps.7,478    Ps.6,282  

FEMSA Cerveza

  6,418  5,373   4,419

FEMSA Comercio

  2,720  2,112   1,943   4,096     3,324     2,668  

Other

  294  90   197   593     369     153  
           

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  14,234  11,257  Ps.9,422

Total(1)

  Ps.12,515    Ps.11,171    Ps.9,103  

(1)Capital expenditures and divestitures in 2009 have been modified in order to conform to presentation of 2011 and 2010 figures due to the discontinued operations of FEMSA Cerveza.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

During 2008,2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures focused on investments in returnable bottles and cases, increasing plant operatingproduction capacity, placing coolers with retailers, returnable bottles and cases, improving the efficiency of its distribution infrastructure.infrastructure and IT. Capital expenditures in Mexico and Central America were approximately Ps. 1,9264,117 million and accounted for approximately 40%53% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures.

FEMSA Cerveza

Production

During 2008, FEMSA Cerveza invested approximately Ps. 1,344 million on equipment substitution and upgrades in its facilities. FEMSA Cerveza’s monthly installed capacity as of December 31, 2008 was 4.78 million hectoliters, equivalent to an annualized installed capacity of 57.3 million hectoliters. In addition, FEMSA Cerveza invested Ps. 535 million in plant improvements and equipment upgrades for its beverage can and glass bottle operations.

Distribution

In 2008, FEMSA Cerveza invested Ps. 765 million in its distribution network. Approximately Ps. 275 million of this amount was invested inexpenditures, with South America representing the replacement of trucks in its distribution fleet, Ps. 241 million in land, buildings and improvements to leased properties dedicated to various distribution functions, and the remaining Ps. 249 million in other distribution-related investments.

Market-related Investments

During 2008, FEMSA Cerveza invested Ps. 3,413 million in market-related activities and brand support in the domestic market. Approximately 56% of these investments were directed to customer agreements with retailers and commercial support to owned and third party distributors. Investments in retail agreements that exceed a one-year term are capitalized and amortized over the life of the agreement. In general, FEMSA Cerveza’s retail agreements are for a period of four to five years. Other market-related investments include the purchase of refrigeration equipment, coolers and billboards. These items are placed with retailers as a mean of facilitating the retailers’ ability to service consumers and to promote the image and profile of FEMSA Cerveza’s brands.

Information Technology Investments

In addition, during 2008, FEMSA Cerveza invested Ps. 238 million in system software projects.balance.

FEMSA Comercio

FEMSA Comercio’s principal investment activity is the construction and opening of new stores. During 2008,2011, FEMSA Comercio opened 8111,135 net new OXXO stores. FEMSA Comercio invested Ps. 2,7204,096 million in 20082011 in the addition of new stores, warehouses and improvements to leased properties.

Regulatory Matters

Competition Legislation

TheLey Federal de Competencia Económica (Federal Economic Competition Law or Mexican Competition Law) became effective on June 22, 1993. The Mexican Competition Law and theReglamento de la Ley Federal de Competencia Económica (Regulations under the Mexican Competition Law), effective as of March 9, 1998,October 13, 2007, regulate monopolies and monopolistic practices and require Mexican government approval of certain mergers and acquisitions. The Mexican Competition Law subjects the activities of certain Mexican companies, including us, to regulatory scrutiny. In addition, the Regulations under the Mexican Competition Law prohibit members of any trade association from reaching any agreement relating to the price of their products. Management believes that we are currently in compliance in all material respects with Mexican competition legislation.

In Mexico and in some of the other countries in which we operate, we are involved in different ongoing competition related proceedings. We believe that the outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results offrom operations. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Antitrust Matters.”

Price Controls

Voluntary price restraints or statutory price controls have been imposed historically in several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates. Currently, there are no price controls on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products in any of its territories, except for (i) Argentina, where authorities directly supervise certain products sold through supermarkets to control inflation, and (ii) Venezuela, where the government has recently imposed price controls on certain products including still bottled water. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Regulatory developments may adversely affect Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business.”

Taxation of Sparkling Beverages

All the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates, except for Panama, impose a value-added tax on the sale of sparkling beverages, with a rate of 16% in Mexico beginning in January 2011, 12% in Guatemala, 15% in Nicaragua, 13% in Costa Rica, 16% in Colombia (applied only to the first sale in supply chain), 12% in Venezuela (beginning in April 2009), 17% (Mato Grosso do Sul) and 18% (São Paulo and Minas Gerais) in Brazil, and 21% in Argentina. In addition, several of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates impose the following excise or other taxes:

Guatemala imposes an excise tax of 0.18 cents in local currency (Ps. 0.3221 as of December 31, 2011) per liter of sparkling beverage.

Costa Rica imposes a specific tax on non-alcoholic bottled beverages based on the combination of packaging and flavor, currently assessed at 15.50 colones (Ps. 0.4180 as of December 31, 2011) per 250 ml, and an excise tax on local brands of 5%, foreign brands of 10% and mixers of 14%.

Nicaragua imposes a 9% tax on consumption, and municipalities impose a 1% tax on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Nicaraguan gross income.

Panama imposes a 5% tax based on the cost of goods produced. Panama also imposes a 10% selective consumption tax on syrups, powders and concentrate.

Brazil imposes an average production tax of approximately 4.9% and an average sales tax of approximately 9.6%, both assessed by the federal government. Most of these taxes are fixed, based on average retail prices in each state where the company operates (VAT) or fixed by the federal government (excise and sales tax).

Argentina imposes an excise tax on sparkling beverages containing less than 5% lemon juice or less than 10% fruit juice of 8.7%, and an excise tax on flavored sparkling beverages with 10% or more fruit juice and on sparkling water of 4.2%, although this excise tax is not applicable to certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products.

Environmental Matters

In all of the countries where we operate, our businessesterritories, our operations are subject to federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment.

Mexico

In Mexico, the principal legislation is theLey General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente (Federal General Law for Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection, or the Mexican Environmental Law) and theLey General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos(General Law for the Prevention and Integral Management of Waste), which are enforced by theSecretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales(Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources, or SEMARNAT). SEMARNAT can bring administrative and criminal proceedings against companies that violate environmental laws, and it also has the power to temporarily close non-complying facilities. Under the Mexican Environmental Law, rules have been promulgated concerning water, air and noise pollution and hazardous substances. In particular, Mexican environmental laws and regulations require that we file periodic reports with respect to air and water emissions and hazardous wastes and set forth standards for waste water discharge that apply to our operations. We are also subject to certain minimal restrictions on the operation of delivery trucks in Mexico City. We have implemented several programs designed to facilitate compliance with air, waste, noise and energy standards established by current Mexican federal and state environmental laws, including a program that installs catalytic converters and liquid petroleum gas in delivery trucks for our operations in Mexico City. See “—“Item 4. Information on the Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—ProductTotal Sales and Distribution.”

In addition, we are subject to theLey Federal de DerechosAguas Nacionales, (Federal Law of Governmental Fees)as amended (the National Water Law), also enforced by SEMARNAT.theComisión Nacional del Agua(the National Water Commission). Adopted in January 1993,December 1992, and amended in 2004, the lawNational Water Law provides that plants located in Mexico that use deep water wells to supply their water requirements must pay a fee to the citylocal governments for the discharge of residual waste water to drainage. In 1995,Pursuant to this law, certain municipallocal authorities began to test the quality of the waste water discharge and charge plants an additional fee for measurements that exceed certain standards published by SEMARNAT.the National Water Commission. In the case of non-compliance with the law, penalties, including closures, may be imposed. All of ourCoca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler plants located in Mexico City, as well as the Toluca plant,have met these standards as of 2001.standards. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Apizaco and San Cristóbal are certified with ISO 14001.

In Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexican operations, it established a partnership with The Coca-Cola Company and ALPLA, a supplier of plastic bottles to Coca-Cola FEMSA in Mexico, to createIndustria Mexicana de Reciclaje (IMER), a PET recycling facility located in Toluca, Mexico. This facility started operations in 2005 and has a recycling capacity of approximately 25,000 metric tons per year from which 15,000 metric tons can be re-used in PET bottles for food packaging purposes. Coca-Cola FEMSA has also continued contributing funds to a nationwide recycling company,Ecología y Compromiso Empresarial(Environmentally Committed Companies). In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants located in Toluca, Reyes, Cuautitlán, Apizaco, San Cristobal,Cristóbal, Morelia, Ixtacomitan, Coatepec, Poza Rica and CoatepecCuernavaca have received aCertificado de Industria Limpia (Certificate of Clean Industry).

Also, eachAs part of our environmental protection and sustainability strategies, several of our subsidiaries have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm to receive electrical energy for use at production and distribution facilities of FEMSA Cerveza’sand Coca-Cola FEMSA throughout Mexico, as well as for a significant number of OXXO convenience stores. The Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm will be located in the state of Oaxaca and is expected to have a capacity of 396 megawatts. We anticipate the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm will begin operations in 2013.

Also as part of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s environmental protection and sustainability strategies, in December 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA, jointly with strategic partners, entered into a wind energy supply agreement with a Mexican breweries has received ISO 9001subsidiary of the Spanish wind farm developer, GAMESA Energía, S.A., or GAMESA, to supply green energy to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottling facility in Toluca, Mexico, owned by its subsidiary, Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. (formerly Propimex, S.A. de C.V.), or Propimex, and 9002 certificationto some of its suppliers of PET bottles. The wind farm generating such energy, which is located in La Ventosa, Oaxaca, is expected to generate approximately 100 thousand megawatt hours of energy annually. The energy supply services began in April 2010 and, a Certificateduring 2010, provided Coca-Cola FEMSA with approximately 45 thousand megawatt hours of Clean Industry given byenergy. In 2010, GAMESA sold its interest in the Mexican environmental authorities.subsidiary that owned the wind farm to Iberdrola Renovables México, S.A. de C.V.

Central America

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Central American operations are subject to several federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, which have been enacted in the last ten years, as awareness has increased in this region about the protection of the environment and the disposal of dangeroushazardous and toxic materials as well as water usage. In some countries in Central America, Coca-Cola FEMSA is in the process of bringing its operations into compliance with new environmental laws. Also,laws on the timeline established by the relevant regulatory authorities. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Costa Rica and Panama operations have participated in a joint effort along with the local division of The Coca-Cola Company calledMisión Planeta (Mission Planet) for the collection and recycling of non-returnable plastic bottles.

Colombia

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Colombian operations are subject to several Colombian federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment and the disposal of treated water and toxic and dangeroushazardous materials. These laws include the control of atmospheric emissions, noise emissions, disposal of treated water and strict limitations on the use of chlorofluorocarbons. For Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Colombia, it has obtained theCertificación Ambiental Fase IV (Phase IV Environmental Certificate) demonstrating its compliance at the highest level with relevant Colombian regulations. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also engaged in nationwide campaigns for the collection and recycling of glass and plastic bottles.bottles as well as reforestation programs. In 2011, jointly with the FEMSA Foundation, Coca-Cola FEMSA has received a “Certificaciówas awarded with the “Western Hemisphere Corporate Citizenship Award” for the social responsibility programs it carried out to respond to the extreme weather experienced in Colombia in 2010 and 2011, known locally as the “winter emergency.” In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA also obtained the ISO 9001, ISO-22000 and PAS 220 certifications for its plants located in Medellín, Ambiental Fase IV”(Phase IV Environmental Certificate)Cali, Bogotá, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and La Calera, as recognition for each ofthe highest quality in its Columbian plants.production processes.

Venezuela

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan operations are subject to several Venezuelan federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. The most relevant of these laws are theLey Orgánica del Ambiente (Organic Environmental Law), theLey Sobre Sustancias, Materiales y Desechos Peligrosos(Substance, Material and Dangerous Waste Law), theLey Penal del Ambiente (Criminal EnvironmentEnvironmental Law) and theLey de Aguas(Water Law). Since the enactment of the Organic Environmental Law in 1995, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary has presented the proper authorities with plans to bring their production facilities and distribution centers into compliance with applicable laws, which mainly consist of building or expanding the law. While the laws provide certain grace periods for compliance with the new environmental standards,capacity of water treatment plants in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottling facilities. Even though Coca-Cola FEMSA has had to adjust some of the originally proposed timelines presenteddue to the authorities because ofconstruction delays, in 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the completionconstruction and received all the required permits to operate a new water treatment plant in its bottling facility located in the city of someBarcelona. At the end of these projects.2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA constructed a new water treatment plant in its bottling plant in the city of Valencia, which began operations in February 2012. During 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA also commenced construction of a new water treatment plant in its Antimano bottling plant in Caracas, which construction is expected to conclude during the second quarter of 2012. Coca-Cola FEMSA is inalso concluding the process of obtaining the necessary authorizations and licenses before it can begin the construction and expansion of its current water treatment plant in its bottling facility in Maracaibo. In December 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA also obtained the ISO 14000 certificationscertification for all of its plants in Venezuela.

In addition, in December 2010, the Venezuelan government approved theLey Integral de Gestión de la Basura (Comprehensive Waste Management Law), which will regulate solid waste management and which may be applicable to manufacturers of products for mass consumption. The full scope of this law has not yet been established.

Brazil

FEMSA Cerveza’s and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operations are subject to several federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. Among the most relevant laws and regulations are those dealing with the emission of toxic and dangeroushazardous gases, disposal of wastewater and solid waste, and disposal of wastewater,soil contamination by hazardous chemicals, which impose penalties, such as fines, facility closures or criminal charges depending upon the level of non-compliance.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s production plant located in Jundiaí has been recognized by the Brazilian authorities for its compliance with environmental regulations and for having standards well above those imposed by the law. The plant has been certified for thefor: (i) ISO 9001 since March 1995;1993; (ii) ISO 14001 since March 1997; (iii) norm OHSAS 18001 since 2005; and iv)(iv) ISO 22000 since 2007. FEMSA Cerveza’s other plants2007; and Coca-Cola FEMSA´s Brazilian operations are also ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified.(v) PAS: 96 since 2010.

In Brazil it is also necessary to obtain concessions from the government to cast drainage. All of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Brazil have been granted this concession, except Mogi das Cruzes, but Coca-Cola FEMSA is inwhere it has timely begun the process of obtaining one.

In December, 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA increased the capacity of the water treatment plant in its Jundiaí facility.

In Brazil, a municipal regulation of the City of São Paulo, implemented pursuant to Law 13.316/2002, came into effect in May 2008. This regulation requires Coca-Cola FEMSA to collect for recycling a specified annual percentage of plastic bottles made from PET sold in the City of São Paulo; such percentage increases each year. As of May 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA was required to collect for recycling 50% of the PET bottles it sold in the City of São Paulo. As of May 2010, it was required to collect 75%, and as of May 2011, it was required to collect 90%. Currently, Coca-Cola FEMSA is not able to collect the entire required volume of PET bottles it has sold in the City of São Paulo for recycling. If Coca-Cola FEMSA does not meet the requirements of this regulation, which we believe to be more onerous than those imposed by the countries with the highest recycling standards, it could be fined and be subject to other sanctions, such as the suspension of operations in any of its plants and/or distribution centers located in the City of São Paulo. In May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with other bottlers in São Paulo, through theAssociação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não-alcoólicas (Brazilian Soft Drink and Non-Alcoholic Beverage Association, or ABIR), filed a motion requesting a court to overturn this regulation on the basis of impossibility of compliance. In addition, in November 2009, in response to a requirement of the municipal authority for Coca-Cola FEMSA to demonstrate the destination of the PET bottles sold by it in the City of São Paulo, Coca-Cola FEMSA filed a motion showing all of its recycling programs and requesting a more practical timeline to comply with the requirements of the law. In October 2010, the municipal authority of the City of São Paulo levied a fine on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operating subsidiary of 250,000 Brazilian reais (approximately Ps. 1,750,000 as of December 31, 2010) on the grounds that the report submitted by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian operating subsidiary did not comply with the 75% proper disposal requirement for the period from May 2008 to May 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA filed an appeal against this fine. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently awaiting resolution of both matters.

In August 2010, Law No. 12.305/2010 established the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy. This policy is based on the principle of shared responsibility between the government, companies and the public, and provides for the post-consumption return of products to companies and requires public authorities to implement waste management programs. This law is regulated by Federal Decree No. 7.404/2010, and was published in December 2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently discussing with the relevant authorities the impact this law may have on Brazilian companies in complying with the regulation in effect in the City of São Paulo.

Argentina

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Argentine operations are subject to federal and provincialmunicipal laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The most significant of these are regulations concerning waste water discharge, which are enforced by theSecretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable(Ministry of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development) and theOrganismo Provincial para el Desarrollo Sostenible(Provincial Organization for Sustainable Development) for the province of Buenos Aires. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Alcorta plant is in compliance with environmental standards and Coca-Cola FEMSA has been certified for ISO 14001:2004 for theits plants and operative units in Buenos Aires.

For all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plant operations, Coca-Cola FEMSAit employs twoan environmental management systems: (i) system:Sistema de Administración Ambiental (Environmental Administration System, or EKOSYSTEM) that is contained withinSistema Integral de Calidad (Integral Quality System, or SICKOF) and (ii) Sistema de Administracion Ambiental (Environmental Administration System or EKOSYSTEM). We do not believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business activities pose a material risk to the environment, and we believe that

Coca-Cola FEMSA is in material compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

We havehas expended, and may be required to expend in the future, funds for compliance with and remediation under local environmental laws and regulations. Currently, we do not believe that such costs will have a material adverse effect on ourCoca-Cola FEMSA’s results offrom operations, or financial condition. However, since environmental laws and regulations and their enforcement are becoming increasingly more stringent in ourCoca-Cola FEMSA’s territories, and there is increased awarenessrecognition by local authorities of the need for higher environmental standards in the countries where we operate,it operates, changes in current regulations may result in an increase in costs, which may have an adverse effect on ourCoca-Cola FEMSA’s future results offrom operations or financial condition. ManagementCoca-Cola FEMSA’s management is not aware of any significant pending regulatory changes that would require a significant amount of additional remedial capital expenditures.

We do not believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business activities pose a material risk to the environment, and we believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA is in material compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations.

Other regulations

In December 2009, the Venezuelan government issued a decree requiring a reduction in energy consumption by at least 20% for industrial companies whose consumption is greater than two megawatts per hour and to submit an energy-usage reduction plan. Some of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottling operations in Venezuela outside of Caracas met this threshold and it submitted a plan, which included the purchase of generators for its plants. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government subsequently implemented power cuts and other measures for all industries in Caracas whose consumption was above 35 kilowatts per hour.

In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended the Defense of and Access to Goods and Services Law. Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe Coca-Cola FEMSA is in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes.

In July 2011, the Venezuelan government passed the Fair Costs and Prices Law. The purpose of this law is to establish the regulations and administrative processes necessary to maintain the price stability of, and equal access to, goods and services. The law also creates the National Ministry of Costs and Prices, whose main role is to oversee price controls and set maximum retail prices on certain consumer goods and services. Of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products, only certain of its still water beverages were affected by these regulations, which mandated a lowering of its sale prices as of April 2012. Any failure to comply with this law would result in fines, temporary suspension or the closure of operations. While Coca-Cola FEMSA is presently in compliance with this law, we cannot assure you that the Venezuelan government’s future regulation of goods and services will not result in a forced reduction of prices in respect of certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s other products, which could have a negative effect on its results of operations.

In January 2012, the Costa Rican government approved a decree that regulates the sale of food and beverages in schools. The decree came into effect in 2012. Enforcement of this law will be gradual, from applicability in 2012 to 2014, depending on the specific characteristics of the food or beverage in question. In accordance with the decree, the sale of specific sparkling beverages and still beverages that contain sugar, syrup or HFCS in any type of presentation in schools is prohibited. Coca-Cola FEMSA will still be allowed to sell water and certain still beverages in schools. We cannot assure you that the Costa Rican government will not further restrict sales of other of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s products in schools in the future; any such further restrictions could lead to an adverse impact on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s results of operations.

Water Supply Law

FEMSA Cerveza andIn Mexico, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchaseobtains water in Mexico directly from municipal waterutility companies and pumppumps water from its own wells and rivers pursuant to concessions obtained from the Mexican government on a plant-by-plant basis. Water use in Mexico is regulated primarily by theLey de Aguas Nacionales de 1992 (1992 National Water Law),Law, and regulations issued thereunder, which created theComisión Nacional del Agua(National Water Commission).Commission. The National Water Commission is charged within charge of overseeing the national system of water use. Under the 1992National Water Law, concessions for the use of a specific volume of

ground or surface water generally run for five, ten, fifteen and upfrom five- to thirty-yearfifty-year terms, depending on the supply of groundwater in each region as projected by the National Water Commission. Concessionaires may request that concession terms to be extended upon termination.before expiration. The Mexican government is authorized to reduce the volume of ground or surface water granted for use by a concession by whatever volume of water is not used by the concessionaire for two consecutive years. However, because the current concessions for each of FEMSA Cerveza and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s plants in Mexico do not match each plant’s projected needs for water in future years, we successfully negotiated with the Mexican government the right to transfer the unused volume under concessions from certain plants to other plants anticipating greater water usage in the future. These concessions may be terminated if, among other things, we use more water than permitted or we fail to pay required concession-related fees and do not cure such situations in a timely manner.

Although we have not undertaken independent studies to confirm the sufficiency of the existing or future groundwater supply, we believe that our existing concessions satisfy our current water requirements in Mexico.

In Argentina, a state water company provides water to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Alcorta plant on a limited basis; however, we believe the authorized amount meets Coca-Cola FEMSA’s requirements for this plant. In Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Monte Grande plant in Argentina, it pumps water from its own wells, in accordance with Law 25.688.

In Brazil, we buy water directly from municipal utility companies and pumpwe also capture water from our ownunderground sources, wells or rivers (Mogi das Cruzes, Campo Grande and FEMSA Cerveza’s plants)surface sources (i.e. rivers), pursuant to concessions granted by the Brazilian government for each plant. According to the Brazilian Constitution, water is considered an asset of common use and maycan only be exploited for the national interest by Brazilians or companies incorporatedformed under Brazilian law. DealersConcessionaires and users have the responsibility for any damage to the environment. The exploitation and use of water is regulated by theCódigo de Mineração (Code of Mining, Decree Law nº.No. 227/67), by theCódigo de Águas Minerais (Mineral Water Code, Decree Law nº.No. 7841/45), the National Water Resources Policy (Law nº.No. 9433/97) and by regulations issued thereunder. The companies that exploit water are supervised by theDepartamento Nacional de Produçao Mineral—ão Mineiral—DNPM (National Department of Mineral Production) and the

National Water Agency in connection with sanitary, federal health agencies, as well as state and municipal authorities. In FEMSA Cerveza’sCoca-Cola FEMSA’s Jundiaí and Belo Horizonte plants, we do not exploit mineral water. In the Mogi das Cruzes and Campo Grande plants, we have all the necessary permits related tofor the exploitation of mineral water.

In Colombia, we acquirein addition to natural spring water, Coca-Cola FEMSA obtains water directly from ourits own wells and from aqueducts, and we areutility companies. Coca-Cola FEMSA is required to have a specific licenseconcession to exploit water from private wells.natural sources. Water use in Colombia is regulated by resolutionlaw No. 11549 of 19971979 and decree No. 4742decrees no. 1594 of 2005. Companies that exploit water are supervised by the1984 and no. 2811 of 1974. The National Institute of National Resources.Resources supervises companies that exploit water.

In Nicaragua, the use of water is regulated by theLey General de Aguas Nacionales (National Water Law), and in Costa Rica, wethe use of water is regulated by theLey de Aguas (Water Law). In both of these countries, Coca-Cola FEMSA owns and exploits its own and exploit our own private water wells.wells granted to it through governmental concessions. In Costa Rica we require a specific permit granted by the environmental authoritiesGuatemala, no license or permits are required to exploit water from the private wells.wells in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s own plants. In Panama, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquires water from a state water company, and the use of water is regulated by theReglamento de Uso de Aguas de Panamá(Panama Use of Water Regulation). In Venezuela, we useCoca-Cola FEMSA uses private wells as well asin addition to water provided by the respective municipality,municipalities, and we haveit has taken what we believethe appropriate actions, including actions to be appropriate actionscomply with water regulations, to have water supply available from these sources. Insources, regulated by the remainder of our territories, we obtain water from governmental agencies or municipalities.Ley de Aguas (Water Law).

We can give no assurancescannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet our future production needs, that we will be able to maintain our current concessions or that additional regulations relating to water use will not be adopted in the future in our territories. We believe that we are in material compliance with the terms of our existing water concessions and that we are in compliance with all relevant water regulations.

 

ITEM 4A.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

ITEM 5.OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with, and is entirely qualified by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those financial statements. Our audited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards,FRS, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. GAAP. Notes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide a description of the principal differences between Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to us, as well as U.S. GAAP consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the same periods presented for Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS purposes and afor the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011, and reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity. See “—U.S. GAAP Reconciliation.”

Overview of Events, Trends and Uncertainties

Management currently considers the following events, trends and uncertainties to be important to understanding its results offrom operations and financial position during the periods discussed in this section:

 

  

While Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexican operations continueMexico and Central America region continues growing volumes at a steady but moderate pace, operations in Central andas does the South America are growing at accelerated rates.region. TheCoca-Colabrand, together with the recently added still-beverage operation, delivered the majority of volume growth.

At FEMSA Cerveza, total beer sales volumes have increased in Mexico, Brazil and in the export market. The high price of raw materials, particularly aluminum and barley, represent an uncertainty in our cost structure. Heineken USA has been distributing FEMSA Cerveza’s beer brands in the United States since January 1, 2005 with very encouraging results, and we have signed a new agreement that extends this commercial relationship until December 2017.

 

FEMSA Comercio accelerated its rate of OXXO store openings and continues to grow in terms of total revenues and as a percentage of our consolidated total revenues. FEMSA Comercio has lower operating margins than our beverage businesses. We expectbusiness. Given that FEMSA Comercio has lower operating margins and fixed costs, it is more sensitive to continue to expand the OXXO chain during 2009.changes in sales which could negatively affect operating margins.

Our results offrom operations and financial position are affected by the economic and market conditions in the countries where our subsidiaries conduct their operations, particularly in Mexico. Changes in these conditions are influenced by a number of factors, including those discussed in “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors.”

Recent Developments

On December 15, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into an agreement to merge the beverage division of Grupo Fomento Queretano into Coca-Cola FEMSA. Grupo Fomento Queretano’s beverage division operates mainly in the Mexican state of Querétaro, as well as in parts of the states of Mexico, Hidalgo and Guanajuato. The merger agreement was approved by both Coca-Cola FEMSA’s and Grupo Fomento Queretano’s boards of directors, and is subject to the approval of the CFC and of the shareholders meetings of both companies. The transaction will involve the issuance of approximately 45.1 million new Coca-Cola FEMSA Series L Shares, and in addition Coca-Cola FEMSA will assume Ps. 1,221 million in net debt. This transaction is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 2012.

In February 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA announced that it had entered into a 12-month exclusivity agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to evaluate the potential acquisition by Coca-Cola FEMSA of a controlling ownership stake in the bottling operations owned by The Coca-Cola Company in the Philippines. Both parties believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s expertise and successful track record operating in fragmented markets and emerging economies could be effectively deployed in such territory, and contribute significantly toward expanding the penetration of, and consumer preference for, The Coca-Cola Company’s brands in that market. This exclusivity agreement does not require either party to enter into any transaction, and there can be no assurances that a definitive agreement will be executed.

On February 23, 2012, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mitsubishi Corporation, and Stichting Depositary PGGM Infrastructure Funds, a pension fund managed by PGGM, acquired the 45% interest held by FEMSA in the parent companies of the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm, a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in

the southeastern region of the State of Oaxaca. Certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, FEMSA Comercio and Coca-Cola FEMSA have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm to purchase energy output produced by it. These agreements will remain in full force and effect. The sale of FEMSA’s participation as an investor will result in a gain.

Changes in Mexican Financial Reporting Standards

Discontinued Inflationary Accounting for Non-Inflationary Economic Environments and Required PresentationAdoption of Statement of Cash Flows

In accordance with MexicanInternational Financial Reporting Standard NIF B-10, we discontinued inflationary accounting beginning on January 1, 2008 for our subsidiaries that operate in non-inflationary economic environments, which are defined as those economies in which cumulative inflation rates are less than 26% on average over the preceding three years. In 2008, our subsidiaries in Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Brazil and Panama were operating in non-inflationary economic environments. We still recognize inflationary accounting for our subsidiaries that operate in countries in which inflation rates over the three preceding years are 26% or greater, such as Venezuela, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Argentina. The application of these new standards is prospective from January 1, 2008, or the “date of application” and, as a result, historical information has not been restated. See Note 2a) of our consolidated financial statements.

In 2008, we also adopted NIF B-2 (“Statement of Cash Flows”), which requires the presentation of our statement of cash flows as part of our consolidated financial statements. NIF B-2 classifies cash receipts and payments according to whether they derive from operating, investing or financing activities, and provides definitions for each category. The adoption of NIF B-2 is prospective and, accordingly, the cash flow statement for the year ended December 31, 2008 is not comparable to the statements of changes in financial position for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. See “— Liquidity and Capital Resources—Liquidity.”

The Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission has announced the adoption of International Reporting Standards for public companies

TheComisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission, or CNBV) CNBV has announced that, commencing in 2012, all Mexican public companies must report their financial information in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).IFRS. Since 2006, theConsejo Mexicano para la Investigación y Desarrollo de Normas de Información Financiera (Mexican Board of Research and Development of Financial Reporting Standards) has been modifying Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS in order to ensure their converganceconvergence with IFRS. WeStarting on January 1, 2012, we are reporting our financial information in the process of analyzing the potential impacts of adopting these standards.accordance with IFRS and will present financial information for 2011 on a comparable basis.

Effects of Changes in Economic Conditions

Our results offrom operations are affected by changes in economic conditions in Mexico and in the other countries in which we operate. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006, 66%2009, 60%, 69%62%, and 73%59%, respectively, of our total sales were attributable to Mexico. After the acquisitions of Panamco and Kaiser,As a result, we have greatersignificant exposure to the economic conditions of certain countries, in which we have not historically conducted operations, particularly countriesthose in Central America, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, although we continue to generate a substantial portion of our total sales from Mexico. The participation of these other countries as a percentage of our total sales has increasednot changed significantly during the last five years and is expected to continue increasingincrease in future periods.periods due to acquisitions.

The Mexican economy is currently experiencinggradually recovering from a downturn as a result of the impact of the global financial crisis inon many emerging economies during the second half of last year.in 2009. In the fourth quarter of 2008,2011, Mexican GDP contractedexpanded by approximately 1.7%3.9% compared to an expansion of 5.4% for the same periodfull year of 2010, according to INEGI. According to the Banco Nacional de México survey regarding the economic expectations of specialists, Mexican GDP is expected to increase by 3.43% in 2007, and Banco de Mexico expects GDP to contract by approximately 5% in 2009,2012, as of its last estimate.the latest estimate, published on April 2, 2012. The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, further deterioration in economic conditions in, or delays in the recovery of, the U.S. economy may hinder any recovery in Mexico.

Our future results may be significantly affected by the general economic and financial positionsconditions in the countries where we operate, including by levels of economic growth, by the devaluation of the local currency, by inflation and high interest rates or by political developments, and may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing or a shift to lower margin products. Because a large percentage of our costs are fixed costs, we may not be able to reduce such costs and expenses, and our profit margins may suffer as a result of downturns in the economy of each country.

An increaseThe decrease in interest rates in Mexico increasesin 2011 decreases our cost of Mexican peso-denominated variable interest rate indebtedness and could have an adversea favorable effect on our financial position and results of operations. During 2008, due to constraints in the international credit market and limited credit availability in the international markets and Mexico, as well as changes in the currency mix of our debt, our weighted average interest rate increased by 70 basis points.operations during 2012.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 20082009 and continuing into 2009,through 2011, the value ofexchange rate between the Mexican peso relative toand the U.S. dollar fluctuated significantly, withfrom a low during 2008 of 9.92 pesosPs. 11.51 per U.S. dollar, to a high of 13.94 pesosPs. 14.25 per U.S. dollar. At December 30, 2011, the exchange rate (noon buying rate) was Ps. 13.9510 to US$ 1.00. On June 15, 2009,March 30, 2012, the exchange rate was 13.4305.Ps. 12.8115 to US$ 1.00. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rate Information.” A depreciation of the Mexican peso or local currencies in the countries in which we operate relative to the U.S. dollar increases our cost of raw materials priced in U.S. dollars, including raw materials whose prices are set with reference to the U.S. dollar. In addition, a depreciation of the Mexican peso or local currencies in the countries in which we operate relative to the U.S. dollar will increase our U.S.-denominatedU.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations, which could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations as we experienced in the fourth quarter of 2008.from operations.

Operating Leverage

Companies with structural characteristics that result in margin expansion in excess of sales growth are referred to as having high “operating leverage.”

The operating subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza are engaged, to varying degrees, in capital-intensive activities. The high utilization of the installed capacity of the production facilities results in better fixed cost absorption, as increased output results in higher revenues without additional fixed costs. Absent significant increases in variable costs, gross profit margins will expand when production facilities are operated at higher utilization rates. Alternatively, higher fixed costs will result in lower gross profit margins in periods of lower output.

In addition, the commercial operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza are carried out through extensive distribution networks, the principal fixed assets of which are warehouses and trucks. The distribution systems of both Coca-Cola FEMSAtrucks and FEMSA Cerveza are designed to handle large volumes of beverages. Fixed costs represent an important proportion of the total distribution expense of both Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza.FEMSA. Generally, the higher the volume that passes through the distribution system, the lower the fixed distribution cost as a percentage of the corresponding revenues. As a result, operating margins improve when the distribution capacity is operated at higher utilization rates. Alternatively, periods of decreased utilization because of lower volumes will negatively affect our operating margins.

FEMSA Comercio operations result in a low margin business with relatively fixed costs. These two characteristics make FEMSA Comercio a business with an operating margin that might be affected more easily by a change in sales levels.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of our audited consolidated financial statements requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect (1) the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities, (2) the disclosure of our contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (3) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on our historical experience and on various other reasonable factors that together form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an on-going basis. Our significant accounting policies are described in noteNote 4 to our audited consolidated financial statements. We believe our most critical accounting policies that imply the application of estimates and/or judgments are the following:

Allowance for doubtful accounts

We determine our allowance for doubtful accounts based on an evaluation of the aging of our receivable portfolio and the economic positioning of our clients, as well as on our historical loss rate on receivables and the general economic environment in which we operate. Our beer operations represent the most important part of the consolidated allowance for doubtful accounts as a result of the credit that FEMSA Cerveza extends to retailers, on terms and conditions in accordance with industry practices. Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio sales are generally realized in cash.

Bottles and cases; allowance for bottle breakage

Through December 31, 2007, we recorded returnable bottles and cases at acquisition cost and restated them applying inflation factors. Pursuant to our adoption of NIF B-10, in 2008 we began recording these values at acquisition cost and currently only restate them in circumstances where they form part of our operations in countries with an inflationary economic environment. For FEMSA Cerveza and Coca-Cola FEMSA, breakage is expensed as it is incurred. We compare quarterly the carrying value of bottle breakage expense with the calculated depreciation expense of our returnable bottles and cases in plant and distribution centers, estimating a useful life of five years for glass beer bottles, four years for returnable glass soft drink bottles and plastic cases and 18 months for returnable plastic bottles. These useful lives are determined in accordance with our business experience. The annual calculated depreciation expense has been similar to the annual carrying value of bottle breakage expense. Whenever we decide to discontinue a particular returnable presentation and retire it from the market, we write off the discontinued presentation through an increase in breakage expense.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives are reviewed annually and represent the period we expect the assets to remain in service and to generate revenues. We base our estimates on the experience of our technical personnel. Depreciation is computed using the straight line method of accounting.

Until 2007, importedWhere an item of property, plant and equipment was restated applying the inflationis comprised of major components having different useful lives, these components are accounted for and exchange ratesdepreciated as separate items (major components) of the country of origin, in accourdance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards in effect at that date. Since 2008, imported equipment isproperty, plant and equipment.

Imported assets are recorded using the exchange rate as of the acquisition date and if partare restated using the inflation factor of anthe country where the asset is acquired for inflationary economic environment, is restated applying the inflation rate of the reporting entity.environments.

We valuetest depreciable long-lived assets for impairment at fair value long-lived assets forwhen there are indicators of impairment and determine whether impairment exists, by first comparing the book value of the assets with their recoverable value based on undiscounted cash flows, and if such assets are not recoverable, then with their fair value, which is calculated considering their operating conditions and the future cash flows expected to be generated based on their estimated remaining useful life as determined by management.

Through 2005, all

Returnable and non-returnable bottles are aggregated as part of property, plant and equipment. Returnable bottles are depreciated based on the straight-line method over acquisition cost. Coca-Cola FEMSA estimates depreciation rates considering returnable bottles useful lives.

We recorded returnable bottles and cases at acquisition cost and restated them applying inflation factors only when they form part of our subsidiaries depreciated refrigeration equipment over a five-year estimated useful life. In 2006, we implemented a program to review the estimated useful livesoperations in countries with an inflationary economic environment. For Coca-Cola FEMSA, breakage is expensed as it is incurred as part of its refrigeration equipment. As of December 31, 2007, our subsidiaries in Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica and Guatemala changed their accounting estimate from five to seven years, considering the maintenance and replacement plans of the equipment.depreciation. The impact of the change in estimate for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, which was accounted for prospectively, was a reduction inannual calculated depreciation expense has been similar to the annual bottle breakage expense. Whenever we decide to discontinue a particular returnable presentation and retire it from the market, we write off the discontinued presentation through an increase in breakage expense presented as part of Ps. 115 million and Ps. 132 million, respectively. The useful life of refrigeration equipment in Venezuela, Panama and Nicaragua remains at five years.depreciation.

Valuation and impairment of intangible assets and goodwill

We identify all intangible assets to reduce as much as possible the goodwill associated with business acquisitions.acquisitions and investments in shares. We separate intangible assets between those with a finite useful life and those with an indefinite useful life, in accordance with the period over which we expect to receive the benefits. Intangible assets and goodwill identified in investments in shares are presented within the total investment in shares.

We determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition, and we assigned the excess purchase price over the fair value of the net assets. In certain circumstances this resulted in the

recognition of an intangible asset. The intangible assets of indefinite life associated with business acquisitions are subject to annual impairment tests. WeAs of December 31, 2011, we have recorded intangible assets with indefinite lives, which consist of:

 

  

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s rights to produce and distributeCoca-Cola trademark products for Ps. 46,89262,822 million primarily as a result of the Panamco and REMIL acquisitions;acquisition;

 

Trademarks and distribution rights for Ps.11,130 million as a result of the acquisition of the 30% interest ofGoodwill relating to Coca-Cola FEMSA Cerveza and distribution rights acquired from a third-party distributor;

Trademarks and goodwill as a result of the acquisition of Kaiser foracquisitions during 2011 that amounted to Ps. 4,537 million;5,214; and

 

Other intangible assets with indefinite lives that amounted to Ps. 788343 million.

For Mexican Financial Reporting Standards purposes, goodwill is the difference between the price paid and the fair value of the shares and/or net assets acquired that was not assigned directly to an intangible asset. Goodwill is recorded in the functional currency of the subsidiary in which the investment was made and is translated into Mexican pesos applying the closing rate for each period. In countries with inflationary economic environments, this asset is restated applying inflation factors in the country of origin and is then translated into Mexican pesos at the year-end exchange rate. Since 2005, Bulletin B-7 (“Business Acquisitions”), establishes that goodwill is no longer subject to amortization, and is instead subject to an annual impairment test.

Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives

We annually review the carrying value of our goodwill whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the reporting unit might exceed its implied fair value for long-lived assets. We also review annually the carrying value of our intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill for impairment based on recognized valuation techniques. While we believe that our estimates are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such estimates could materially affect our evaluations.

Investments in shares, including related goodwill, are subject to impairments testing whenever certain events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying amount may exceed fair value. We recognize an impairment loss when it is considered to be other than a temporary loss. As of December 31, 2011, identified intangible assets and goodwill relating to our 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group amounted to €3,055 million (approximately US$ 3,940 million) and €1,200 million (approximately US$ 1,548 million), respectively.

Following our evaluations during 20082011 and up to the date of this annual report, we do not have any information which leads to anya significant impairment of goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite lives.lives or of our investments in shares of affiliated companies. We can give no assurance that our expectations will not change as a result of new information or developments. Future changes in economic or political conditions in any country in which we operate or in the industries in which we participate however, may cause us to change our current assessment.

Executory contracts

As part of the normal course of business, we frequently invest in the development of our beer distribution channels through a variety of commercial agreements with different retailers in order to generate sales volume. These agreements are considered to be executory contracts and accordingly the costs incurred under these contracts are recognized as performance under the contracts is received.

These agreements require cash disbursements to be made in advance to certain retailers in order to fund activities intended to generate sales volume. These advance cash disbursements are then compensated for as sales are invoiced. These disbursements are considered to be market-related investments, which are capitalized as other assets. The amortization of amounts capitalized is presented as a reduction of net sales in relation to the volume sold to each retailer. The period of amortization is between three and four years, which is the normal term of the commercial agreements.

We periodically evaluate the carrying value of executory contracts. If the carrying value is considered to be impaired, these assets are written down as appropriate. The accuracy of the carrying value is based on our ability to predict certain key variables such as sales volume, prices and other industry and economic factors. Predicting these key variables involves assumptions based on future events. These assumptions are consistent with our internal projections.

Employee benefits

Our employee benefits which we used to refer to as labor liabilities, are comprised of obligations for pension plan, seniority premium, post-retirement medical services and severance indemnities. The determination of our obligations and expenses for pension and other post-retirement benefits are determined by actuarial calculations and are dependent on our determination of certain assumptions used to estimate such amounts. We evaluate our assumptions at least annually. In 2006, we decided to modify our pension and retirement plans. Through 2006, the pension and retirement plans provided for lifetime monthly payments as a complement to the pension payment received from theInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Social Security Institute or IMSS). Starting on January 1, 2007, the modified pension and retirement plans consist in a lump-sum payment to personnel vesting on that date or after.

In 2006, we also modified long-term assumptions used in the actuarial calculations for Mexican subsidiaries based on changes in the company’s revised estimate of current prices for settling its related obligations. These assumptions are described in note 15 to our consolidated financial statements and include the discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and rates of increase in compensation costs. All our assumptions depend on the economic circumstances of each country where we operate.

These changes were accounted for as labor costs for past services and unrecognized actuarial net loss. As of December 2006, the net effect of these changes was an increase in pension and retirement plan, seniority premium and severance indemnity liabilities of Ps. 797 million, Ps. 19 million and Ps. 23 million, respectively.

In 2008, we adopted NIF D-3 (“Employee Benefits”), which eliminates the recognition of the additional liability resulting from the difference between obligations for accumulated benefits and net projected liability, in addition to making other important changes. On January 1, 2008, our additional liability cancelled was Ps. 1,510 million, of which Ps. 948 million corresponds to intangible assets and Ps. 354 to cumulative other comprehensive income, net of its deferred tax of Ps. 208 million.

Through 2007, our labor costs for past services related to severance indemnities and pension and retirement plans were amortized within the remaining labor life of employees. Beginning in 2008, NIF D-3 establishes a maximum five-year period to amortize the initial balance of the labor costs of past services of pension and retirement plans and the same amortization period for the labor cost of past service of severance indemnities, previously defined by Bulletin D-3 (“Labor Liabilities”) as unrecognized transition obligations and unrecognized prior service costs. As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, labor costs for past services amounted to Ps. 221 million, Ps. 146 million and Ps. 97 million, respectively; and were recorded within the operating income.

During 2007, actuarial gains and losses related to severance indemnities were amortized to account for the average labor life of our employees. Beginning in 2008, actuarial gains and losses related to severance indemnities are registered under operating income during the year in which they are generated. The balance of unrecognized actuarial gains and losses as of January 1, 2008 was recorded in other expenses and amounted to Ps. 198 million.

In 2007, FEMSA Cerveza approved a plan to allow certain qualifying employees to retire early beginning in 2008. This plan consisted of allowing employees over the age of 55 with 20 years of service to take advantage of early retirement in order to obtain the same pension benefits they would have obtained had they retired at their regular retirement age. In addition, this plan authorized FEMSA Cerveza to make severance payments to certain employees who otherwise would not have met the criteria for eligibility. The plan is intended to improve the efficiency of FEMSA’s Cerveza operating structure. The total financial impact of the plan was Ps. 236 million, from which Ps.125 million was recorded in our consolidated income statement for 2007 as part of other expenses (See note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements) and Ps. 111 million recorded in 2008 consolidated results.

Through 2007, Bulletin D-3 (“Labor Liabilities”) required the presentation of labor liabilities financial expenses as part of income from operations. Beginning in 2008, NIF D-3 (“Employee Benefits”), allows the presentation of financial expenses of labor liabilities as part of the integral result of financing. As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, financial expenses related to labor liabilities, which are presented as part of the integral result of financing, were Ps. 257 million, Ps. 167 million and Ps. 170 million, respectively.

While we believe that our assumptions are appropriate, significant differences in our actual experience or significant changes in our assumptions may materially affect our pension and other post-retirement obligations and our future expense. The following table is a summary of the three key assumptions to be used in determining 20082011 annual labor liability expense, along with the impact on this expense of a 1% change in each assumed rate.

 

Assumptions 2009(1)

  Nominal
rates
2008 (3)
  Real Rates
2008(4)
  Real
Rates (5)
  Impact of Rate
Change(2)
 
 +1% -1% 
  Nominal Rates(3) Real Rates(4) Impact of Rate
Changes(2)
 

Assumptions 2011(1)

  2011 2010 2009 2011 2010 2009 +1% -1% 
   (in millions of Mexican pesos)               (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Mexican and Foreign Subsidiaries:

               

Discount rate

  8.2 4.5 4.5 (605 Ps.650     7.6  7.6  8.2  4.0  4.0  4.5  Ps. (386  Ps.567  

Salary increase

  5.1 1.5 1.5 520    (512   4.8  4.8  5.1  1.2  1.2  1.5  419   (275

Long-term asset return

  11.3 7.5 4.5 31    (26   9.0  8.2  8.2  5.0  3.6  4.5  (16  17 

 

(1)Calculated using a measurement date as of December 2008.2011.

 

(2)The impact is not the same for an increase of 1% as for a decrease of 1% because the rates are not linear.

 

(3)For countries considered non-inflationary economic environments according to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards.FRS.

 

(4)For countries considered inflationary economic environments according to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards.

(5)Assumptions used for 2007 and 2006 calculations.FRS.

Income taxes

As we describe in noteNote 23 to our audited consolidated financial statements, the Mexican tax reform as effective in 2011 did not impact our tax result. However, the following are the most notable change followingimportant changes pursuant to the 2007 Mexican Fiscal Reform istax reform as effective in 2010 that are applicable to recent and upcoming years: an increase in the introduction ofVAT rate from 15% in 2009 to 16% in 2010 and future years; an increase in the special tax on production and services from 25% in 2009 to 26.5% in 2010 and future years; and an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 28% in 2009 to 30% for 2010, 2011 and 2012, with a reduction from 30% to 29% and 28% for 2013 and 2014, respectively. In addition, the Mexican tax reform as effective in 2010 requires that income tax payments related to consolidated tax benefits obtained since 1999 be paid during the succeeding five years beginning in the sixth year when tax benefits were used. See Note 23 C and D to our audited consolidated financial statements.

TheImpuesto Empresarial de Tasa Unica(IETU) which functions similarsimilarly to an alternative minimum corporate income tax, except that any amounts paid are not creditable against future income tax payments. Mexican taxpayers are now subject to the higher of the IETU or the income tax liability computed under Mexican Income Tax Law. This new taxThe IETU is calculated on a cash-flow basis, the rate for 2009 was 17.0% and the ratesrate for 2009both 2010 and 2010 will be 17.0%2011 was 17.5%.

We have paid corporate income tax since IETU came into effect and, 17.5%, respectively.

Basedbased on our financial projections estimated for our Mexican tax returns, we expect to paycontinue paying corporate income tax in the future and do not expect to pay IETU, therefore we did not record deferred IETU. As such, the enactment of IETU did not impact our consolidated financial position or results offrom operations, as it only recognizes deferred income tax.

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. We regularly review our deferred taxestax assets for recoverability and/or payment, and establish a valuation allowance based on our judgment regarding historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record additional valuation allowances against our deferred taxestax assets, resulting in an impact in net income.

The statutory income tax rate in Mexico was 30% for 2008each of 2011 and 20072010, and 28% for 2009. The statutory income tax rate in Panama was 28%25%, 27.5% and 30%, respectively, for 2006 was 29%.2011, 2010 and 2009. The statutory income tax rates for 2011 in other countries in which we do business were: 31% in Guatemala; 30% in Nicaragua; 30% in Costa Rica; 33% in Colombia; 34% in Venezuela; 34% in Brazil; and 35% in Argentina. Tax loss carry-forwards may be applied to income tax over certain periods of time, varying by country as follows: in Mexico, 10 years; in Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Venezuela, 3 years; in Panama and Argentina, 5 years; in Colombia, tax losses may be carried forward for an indefinite period of time but are limited to 25% of taxable income for the relevant year; and in Brazil, tax losses may be carried forward for an indefinite period of time but cannot be restated and are limited to 30% of taxable income for the relevant year. We make judgments about the recoverability of tax loss carry-forward assets as described above.

TaxIndirect tax and legal contingencies

We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to indirect tax and legal proceedings as described in noteNote 24 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. Management periodically assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a liability and/or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a liability for the estimated loss.

Derivative Financial Instrumentsfinancial instruments

We are required to measure all derivative financial instruments at fair value and recognize them in the balance sheet as an asset or liability. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recorded each year in net income or as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income, based on whether the type of hedging instrument provides a hedge and is designated as such, and the ineffectiveness of the hedge. The fair values of derivative financial instruments are determined considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models supported by sufficient reliable and verifiable data, recognized in the financial sector. We base our forward price curves upon market price quotations.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Under MexicanAs described in Note 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements, we are adopting IFRS for the preparation of our financial information beginning in 2012. Pursuant to current SEC reporting requirements, foreign private issuers may provide in their SEC filings financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS, without a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP.

The consolidated financial statements to be issued by us for the year ending December 31, 2012 will be our first annual financial statements that comply with IFRS. Our IFRS transition date is January 1, 2011, and therefore, the year ended December 31, 2011 will be the comparative period to be covered. IFRS 1, “First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (Normas de Información Financiera, or NIF)Standards” (which we refer to as IFRS 1), sets forth mandatory exceptions and allows certain optional exemptions to the complete retrospective application of IFRS.

Mandatory Exceptions

During 2008,We have applied the following new accounting standards were issuedmandatory exceptions to retrospective application of IFRS, effective as of our IFRS transition date:

Accounting Estimates

Estimates prepared under IFRS as of January 1, 2011 are consistent with the estimates recognized under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, whichFRS as of the same date, unless we are required to implementadjust such estimates to agree with IFRS.

Derecognition of Financial Assets and Liabilities

We applied the derecognition rules of IAS 39, “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” (which we refer to as described below. ExceptIAS 39) prospectively for transactions occurring on or after our IFRS transition date.

Hedge Accounting

As of our IFRS transition date, we have measured at fair value all derivative financial instruments and hedging relationships designated and documented effectively as otherwise noted,accounting hedges, as required by IAS 39, which is consistent with the treatment under Mexican FRS. As a result, there was no impact in our consolidated financial statements due to the application of this exception.

Non-controlling Interest

We have applied the requirements of IAS 27, “Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements” (which we refer to as IAS 27) related to non-controlling interests prospectively beginning on our IFRS transition date.

Optional Exemptions

We have elected the following optional exemptions to retrospective application of IFRS, effective as of our IFRS transition date:

Business Combinations and Acquisitions of Associates and Joint Ventures

According to IFRS 1, an entity may elect not to apply IFRS 3, “Business Combinations” retrospectively to acquisitions made prior to the transition date to IFRS.

The exemption for past business combinations also applies to past acquisitions of investments in associates and of interests in joint ventures.

We have adopted this exemption and did not amend our business acquisitions or investments in associates and joint ventures prior to our IFRS transition date and we did not remeasure the values determined at the acquisition dates, including the amount of previously recognized goodwill in past acquisitions.

Share-based Payments

We have share-based plans, which we pay to our qualifying employees based on our own shares and those of our subsidiary, Coca-Cola FEMSA. Management decided to apply the optional exemptions established in IFRS 1, whereas we did not apply IFRS 2, “Share-based Payment” (which we refer to as IFRS 2): (i) to the equity instruments granted before November 7, 2002, (ii) to equity instruments granted after November 7, 2002 and that were earned before the latter of (a) our IFRS transition date and (b) January 1, 2005 and (iii) liabilities related to share-based payment transactions that were settled before our IFRS transition date.

Deemed Cost

An entity may individually elect to measure an item of its property, plant and equipment at the transition date to IFRS at its fair value and use that fair value as its deemed cost at that date. In addition, a first-time adopter may elect to use a previous generally accepted accounting principles revaluation of an item of property, plant and equipment at, or before, the transition date to IFRS as deemed cost at the date of the revaluation, if the revaluation was, at such date of the revaluation, broadly comparable to either (i) fair value, or (ii) cost or depreciated cost in accordance with IFRS and adjusted to reflect changes in a general or specific price index.

We have presented both our property, plant and equipment and our intangible assets at IFRS historical cost in all countries. In Venezuela, this IFRS historical cost represents actual historical cost in the year of acquisition, indexed for inflation in a hyperinflationary economy based on the provisions of IAS 29, “Hyperinflationary Economies” (which we refer to as IAS 29).

Cumulative Translation Effect

A first-time adopter is neither required to recognize translation differences and accumulate these in a separate component of equity, nor on a subsequent disposal of a foreign operation, to reclassify the cumulative translation difference for that foreign operation from equity to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal that would have existed at the IFRS transition date.

We applied this exemption and consequently we reclassified the accumulated translation effect recorded under Mexican FRS to retained earnings and, beginning January 1, 2011, we calculate the translation effect of our foreign operations prospectively according to IAS 21, “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates.”

Borrowing Costs

We applied the IFRS 1 exemption related to borrowing costs incurred for qualifying assets existing at the IFRS transition date, based on our similar Mexican FRS accounting policy, and beginning January 1, 2011 we capitalize eligible borrowing costs in accordance with IAS 23, “Borrowing Costs” (which we refer to as IAS 23).

Recording Effects of the Transition from Mexican FRS to IFRS

The following disclosures provide a qualitative description of the most significant preliminary effects from the transition to IFRS determined as of the date of the issuance of our consolidated financial statements.

Inflation Effects

According to Mexican FRS, the Mexican peso ceased to be the currency of an inflationary economy on December 31, 2007, as the three years’ cumulative inflation as of such date did not exceed 26%.

According to IAS 29, the last hyperinflationary period for the Mexican peso was in 1998. As a result, we have eliminated the cumulative inflation recognized within long-lived assets and contributed capital for our Mexican operations, based on Mexican FRS during the years 1999 through 2007, which were not deemed hyperinflationary for IFRS purposes.

For our foreign operations, the cumulative inflation from the acquisition date was eliminated (except in the case of Venezuela, which was deemed to be a hyperinflationary economy) from the date on which we began to consolidate them.

Employee Benefits

According to NIF D-3, a severance provision and the corresponding expenditure must be recognized based on the experience of an entity in terminating the employment relationship before the retirement date, or if the entity deems to pay benefits as a result of an offer made to employees to encourage a voluntary termination. For IFRS purposes, this provision is only recorded pursuant to IAS 19 (Revised 2011), “Employee Benefits” (which we refer to as IAS 19 (Revised 2011)), at the moment the entity has a demonstrable commitment to end the relationship with the employee or to make a bid to encourage voluntary retirement. This is evidenced by a formal plan that describes the characteristics of the termination of employment. Accordingly, at our IFRS transition date, we derecognized our severance indemnity recorded under Mexican FRS against retained earnings given that no such formal plan exists. A formal plan was not required for recording under Mexican FRS.

IAS 19 (Revised 2011), early adopted by us, eliminates the use of the “corridor” method, which defers the actuarial gains/losses and requires that such gains/losses be recorded directly within other comprehensive income in each reporting period. The standard also eliminates deferral of past service costs and requires entities to record them in comprehensive income in each reporting period. These requirements increased our liability for employee benefits with a corresponding reduction in retained earnings at our IFRS transition date.

Embedded Derivatives

For Mexican FRS purposes, we recorded embedded derivatives for agreements denominated in foreign currency. Pursuant to the principles set forth in IAS 39, there is an exception for embedded derivatives on those contracts that are denominated in certain foreign currencies if, for example, the foreign currency is commonly used in the economic environment in which the transaction takes place. We concluded that all of our embedded derivatives fell within the scope of this exception.

Therefore, at our IFRS transition date, we derecognized all embedded derivatives recognized under Mexican FRS.

Stock Bonus Program

Under NIF D-3, we recognized our stock bonus program plan offered to certain key executives as a defined contribution plan. IFRS require that such share-based payment plans be recorded under the principles set forth in IFRS 2. The most significant difference for changing the accounting treatment is related to the period during which compensation expense is recognized, which under NIF D-3 means the total amount of the bonus is recorded in the period in which it was granted, while in IFRS 2 it shall be recognized over the vesting period of such awards.

Additionally, the trust that holds the equity shares allocated to executives is considered to hold plan assets and is not consolidated under Mexican FRS. However, for IFRS Standing Interpretations Committee Interpretation (SIC) 12, “Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities,” we will adopt these standardsconsolidate the trust and reflect our own shares in treasury stock and reduce the non-controlling interest for Coca-Cola FEMSA shares held by the trust.

Deferred Income Taxes

The IFRS adjustments recognized by us had an impact on the calculation of deferred income taxes according to the requirements established by IAS 12, “Income Taxes” (IAS 12).

Furthermore, we derecognized a deferred liability recorded in the exchange of shares of FEMSA Cerveza with the Heineken Group. IFRS have an exception for recognition of a deferred tax liability for an investment in a subsidiary if the parent is able to control the timing of the reversal and it is probable that it will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Retained Earnings

All the adjustments arising from our conversion to IFRS as of the transition date were recorded against retained earnings.

Other Differences in Presentation and Disclosures in the Financial Statements

Generally, IFRS disclosure requirements are more extensive than those of Mexican FRS, which will result in increased disclosures about accounting policies, significant judgments and estimates, financial instruments and management risks, among others. We will restructure our income statement under IFRS to comply with IAS 1, “Presentation of Financial Statements” (IAS 1). In addition, there may be some other differences in presentation.

There are other differences between Mexican FRS and IFRS. However, we consider the differences mentioned above to describe the significant effects.

As a result of the transition to IFRS, the effects as of January 1, 2009. We2011 on the principal items of a condensed statement of financial position are described as follows:

   Mexican FRS   IFRS Transition Effects  Preliminary IFRS 

Current assets

  Ps.51,460    Ps.(47 Ps.51,413  

Non-current assets

   172,118     (10,078  162,040  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

   223,578     (10,125  213,453  

Current liabilities

   30,516     (254  30,262  

Non-current liabilities

   40,049     (10,012  30,037  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   70,565     (10,266  60,299  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

  Ps.153,013    Ps.141   Ps.153,154  

The information presented above has been prepared in accordance with the process of determining the impact these new accounting standards on our financial reporting standards and results of operations, but we do not anticipate any significant impact except as may be described below.

NIF B-7,Adquisiciones de Negocios (Business Acquisitions)

NIF B-7 replaces Bulletin B-7,interpretations issued and establishes general rules forin effect or issued and early adopted by us at the initial recognition of net assets being acquired, non-controlling interests and other items, in each case as of the acquisition date. According to this standard, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from an acquisition should not be accounted as part of the acquisition price because the expenses are not considered an amount being shared by the acquired business. In addition, this standard requires a company to recognize non-controlling interests in the acquiree entity at fair value as of the acquisition date. NIF B-7 is applicable only for future acquisitions.

NIF B-8,Estados Financieros Consolidados o Combinados (Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements)

NIF B-8 describes general rules for the preparation, presentation and disclosure of consolidated and combined financial statements. This standard (a) defines the term “Special-Purpose Entity” (“SPE”), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over an SPE, and determines when an entity should consolidate an SPE; (b) mandates the consideration of potential voting rights when determining the existence of control over an entity; and (c) replaces the term “majority interest” with “controlling interest” and “minority interest” with “non-controlling interest.” Additionally, NIF B-8 states that in certain circumstances, majority ownership may not be determinative of control and, accordingly, an analysis of the relevant facts and circumstances may be required. Although under NIF B-8, control is presumed to exist when a parent entity owns, directly or indirectly, more than half of the voting power of the controlled entity, in certain exceptional circumstances NIF B-8 provides that such ownership does not constitute control. NIF B-8 also describes certain situations in which a non-controlling interest-holder has sufficient rights or power to constitute control, such as: a) the power over more than 50 percent of the voting rights of the entity by virtue of an agreement with other investors; b) the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the controlled entity, either by agreement or under the constitutive documents of the controlled entity; c) the power to appoint or remove the majority of the board of directors, or equivalent governing body, where control rests in such body; or d) the power to cast a majority of votes at a meeting of the board of directors or equivalent governing body. We are currently in the process of determining the impact of NIF B-8 with respect to our consolidation of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

NIF C-7,Inversiones en Asociadas y Otras Inversions Permanentes (Investments in Affiliates and Other Permanent Investments)

NIF C-7 describes the accounting treatment for investments in affiliates and other permanent investments, which were previously governed by NIF B-8 (“Consolidated Financial Statements”). This standard requires an SPE to be recognized through the equity method of accounting, and requires potential voting rights to be considered when determining the existence of significant influence over an entity. In addition, this standard sets forth procedures and limits for the recognition of losses in an affiliated entity.

NIF C-8,Activos Intangibles (Intangible Assets)

NIF C-8 defines intangible assets as “non-monetary items” and expands the criteria for their identification. According to this standard, in order to be considered an intangible asset the asset must be separable, which means that its owner should be able to sell it, transfer it or use it. Additionally, this standard establishes that preoperative costs capitalized before 2003, must be recognized in retained earnings without restating prior years’ financial statements. These amounts should be presented as an accounting change in the consolidated financial statements.

NIF D-8,Pagos Basados en Acciones(Payments in Shares)

NIF D-8 establishes the recognition of payments in shares. When an entity purchases goods or pays for services with shares, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. Under this standard, if share-based payments cannot be settled with equity instruments, they must be settled using an indirect method considering NIF D-8 parameters.

New Accounting Pronouncements under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP):

During 2008, the following new accounting standards were issued under U.S. GAAP, which we are required to implement as described below. Except as otherwise noted, we will adopt these standards as of January 1, 2009. We are in the process of determining the impact these new accounting standards on our financial reporting standards and results of operations, but we do not anticipate any significant impact unless it is described.

“Business Combinations,” an amendment of SFAS No. 141, or SFAS No. 141(R)

SFAS No.141 (a) requires a company to recognize acquired assets, assumed liabilities, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree entity at fair value as of the acquisition date; and (b) requires the acquiring entity to expense all acquisition-related costs during the preacquisition period. SFAS No. 141(R) requires that any adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax assets and liabilities that occur after the measurement period be recorded as a component of income tax expense. This accounting treatment is required for business combinations consummated before the effective date of SFAS No. 141(R) (non-prospective), otherwise SFAS No. 141(R) must be applied prospectively. Early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008.

“Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination that Arise from Contingencies,” an amendmentpreparation of SFAS No. 141, or FSP SFAS No. 141(R)-1

This FASB Staff Position (FSP) amends and clarifies SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, to address application issues raised by preparers, auditors, and members of the legal profession on initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination. This FSP applies to all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from contingencies that would be within the scope of SFAS No.5 Accounting for Contingencies if not acquired or assumed in a business combination, except for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies that are subject to specific guidance in Statement 141(R). This FSP is effective for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

“Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements,” or SFAS No. 160

SFAS No. 160 has the following effects on an entity’s financial statements: (a) amends ARB No. 51statements (see Note 28 B to establish accounting and reporting standards for non-controlling interests in a subsidiary and the deconsolidation of a subsidiary; (b) changes the way the consolidated income statement is presented; (c) establishes a single method of accounting for changes in a parent

company’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that does not result in deconsolidation; (d) requires that a parent company recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated; and (e) requires expanded disclosures in the parent company and the interests of the non-controlling owners of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively and early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on our consolidated financial positionstatements). The standards and resultsinterpretations that are applicable at December 31, 2012, including those that will be applicable on an optional basis, are not known with certainty at the time of operations.

“Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an Amendment of SFAS No. 133,” or SFAS No. 161

SFAS No. 161 makes changes to disclosure requirements with respect to derivative instruments and hedging activities. Companies are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why the company uses derivative instruments (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedge items affect the company’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No.161 is effective forpreparing our Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning on and after November 15, 2008, although early application is encouraged.

The “Hierarchyas of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” or SFAS 162

SFAS 162 identifiesDecember 31, 2011. Additionally, the sources ofIFRS accounting principles and the framework for the selection of the principles to be used in the preparation of the financial statements of non-governmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP in the United States. SFAS 162 is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval.

“Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets”- an Amendment of SFAS No. 140, or SFAS No. 166

SFAS No. 166 provides for the removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from SFAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”, to qualifying special-purpose entities. It also clarifies that one objective of SFAS 140 is to determine whether a transferor and all of the entities included in the transferor’s financial statements being presented have surrendered control over transferred financial assets. SFAS 166 modifies the financial-components approach used in SFAS 140 and limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset. SFAS 166 also defines the term participating interest to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. SFAS 166 requires that a transferor recognize and initially measure at fair value all assets obtained (including a transferor’s beneficial interest) and liabilities incurredpolicies selected by us may change as a result of a transferchanges in the economic environment or industry trends that are observable after the issuance of our Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements. The information presented herein does not intend to comply with IFRS, and it should be noted that under IFRS, only one set of financial assets accounted for asstatements comprising the statements of financial position, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows, together with comparative information and explanatory notes, can provide a sale. Enhanced disclosures are also required by SFAS 166. SFAS 166 must be applied asfair presentation of the beginningour financial position, results of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009.

“Amendments to FASB Interpretation FIN 46R”, or SFAS 167

SFAS 167 seeks to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities. The FASB undertook this project to address (1) the effects on certain provisions of FIN 46R “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”, as a result of the elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept in SFAS 166 “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets”,operations and (2) constituent concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R, including those in which the accounting and disclosures under FIN 46R do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise’s involvement in a variable interest. This Statement retains the scope of FIN 46R with the addition of entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated in SFAS 166. SFAS 167 shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. Earlier application is prohibited.

“Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets,” or FSP SFAS 142-3

FSP SFAS 142-3 modifies the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 (“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”). This standard seeks to achieve consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFASF 142 and the period of expected cash flow under SFAS 141 (revised 2007) (“Business Combinations”). The standard is to be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after its effective date. FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.

“Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets,” or EITF 08-7

EITF 08-7 establishes that a defensive intangible asset should be accounted for as a separate accounting unit and that it should not be included in the cost of the acquiror’s existing intangible assets because it is separately identifiable. Additionally, a defensive intangible asset should be assigned a useful life that reflects the entity’s consumption of the expected benefits related to the asset. EITF 08-7 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.

“Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations,” or EITF 08-6

EITF 08-6 establishes that the equity method investment should be based on the cost accumulation model described in SFAS 141(R) for asset acquisition. The equity method investment should not separately test an investee’s underlying indefinite-lived intangible asset for impairment, and is must be recognized, other-than in the case of temporary impairments of an equity method investment in accordance with Opinion 18. EITF 08-6 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.flows.

Operating Results

The following table sets forth our consolidated income statement under Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006:2009:

 

  Year Ended December 31,   Year Ended December 31, 
  2008 2008 2007 2006   2011(1) 2011 2010 2009 
  (in millions of U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos)   (in millions of U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos) 

Net sales

  $12,086    Ps. 167,171    Ps. 147,069    Ps. 135,647    $14,470    Ps.201,867    Ps.168,376    Ps.158,503  

Other operating revenues

   61    851    487    473     84    1,177    1,326    1,748  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total revenues

   12,147    168,022    147,556    136,120     14,554    203,044    169,702    160,251  

Cost of sales(1)

   6,535    90,399    79,739    73,338     8,459    118,009    98,732    92,313  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Gross profit

   5,612    77,623    67,817    62,782     6,095    85,035    70,970    67,938  

Operating expenses:

          

Administrative

   689    9,531    9,121    8,873     591    8,249    7,766    7,835  

Selling

   3,283    45,408    38,960    35,272     3,576    49,882    40,675    38,973  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total operating expenses(1)

   3,972    54,939    48,081    44,145     4,167    58,131    48,441    46,808  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income from operations(1)

   1,640    22,684    19,736    18,637 

Income from operations

   1,928    26,904    22,529    21,130  

Other expenses, net

   (172  (2,374  (1,297  (1,650   (209  (2,917  (282  (1,877

Interest expense(1)

   (356  (4,930  (4,721  (4,469

Interest expense

   (210  (2,934  (3,265  (4,011

Interest income

   43    598    769    792    72    999    1,104    1,205  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Interest expense, net

   (313  (4,332  (3,952  (3,677   (138  (1,935  (2,161  (2,806

Foreign exchange gain (loss), net

   (122  (1,694  691    (217   84    1,165    (614  (431

Gain on monetary position, net

   47    657    1,639    1,488    9    146    410    486  

Market value gain (loss) on ineffective portion of derivative financial instrument(1)

   (105  (1,456  69    (113

Integral result of financing

   (493  (6,825  (1,553  (2,519

Market value (loss) gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   (11  (159  212    124  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Comprehensive financing result

   (56  (783  (2,153  (2,627
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Equity method of associates

   370    5,167    3,538    132  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income before income taxes

   975    13,485    16,886    14,468    2,033    28,371    23,632    16,758  

Income taxes

   304    4,207    4,950    4,608    550    7,687    5,671    4,959  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

   1,483    20,684    17,961    11,799  

Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net

   —      —      26,623    —    

Net income from discontinued operations

   —      —      706    3,283  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated net income

  $671   Ps.9,278   Ps.11,936   Ps.9,860     1,483    20,684    45,290    15,082  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net majority income

   485    6,708    8,511    7,127  

Net minority income

   186    2,570    3,425    2,733  

Net controlling interest income

   1,085    15,133    40,251    9,908  

Net non-controlling interest income

   398    5,551    5,039    5,174  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated net income

  $671   Ps.9,278   Ps.11,936   Ps.9,860     1,483    20,684    45,290    15,082  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

(1)In 2008, Mexican Financial Reporting Standard NIF D-3 (“Employee’s Benefits”) allowsTranslation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 13.9510 to US$ 1.00, provided solely for the presentation of financial expenses from labor liabilities as partconvenience of the integral result of financing. Accordingly, information for prior years has been reclassified for comparability purposes.reader.

The following table sets forth certain operating results by reportable segment under Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS for each of our segments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006:2009. Due to the discontinued operation of FEMSA Cerveza it is not considered as a reportable segment.

 

  Year Ended December 31   Year Ended December 31, 
   Percentage Growth   Percentage Growth 
  2008 2007 2006 2008 vs. 2007 2007 vs. 2006   2011 2010 2009 2011 vs. 2010 2010 vs. 2009 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos at December 31, 2008, except for percentages)   (in millions of Mexican pesos at December 31, 2010, except for percentages) 

Net sales

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  82,468   68,969   Ps. 63,820   19.6 8.1   Ps.124,066    Ps.102,988    Ps.102,229    20.5  0.7

FEMSA Cerveza

  41,966   39,284   37,680   6.8 4.2

FEMSA Comercio

  47,146   42,103   36,835   12.0 14.3   74,112    62,259    53,549    19.0  16.3

CB Equity(1)

   —      —      N/a    N/a    N/a  

Total revenues

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  82,976   69,251   64,046   19.8 8.1   124,715    103,456    102,767    20.5  0.7

FEMSA Cerveza

  42,385   39,566   37,919   7.1 4.3

FEMSA Comercio

  47,146   42,103   36,835   12.0 14.3   74,112    62,259    53,549    19.0  16.3

CB Equity

   —      —      N/a    N/a    N/a  

Cost of sales(1)

         ��  

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  43,895   35,876   33,740   22.4 6.3   67,488    55,534    54,952    21.5  1.1

FEMSA Cerveza

  19,540   17,833   16,473   9.6 8.3

FEMSA Comercio

  32,565   30,301   26,839   7.5 12.9   48,636    41,220    35,825    18.0  15.1

CB Equity

   —      —      N/a    N/a    N/a  

Gross profit(1)

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  39,081   33,375   30,306   17.1 10.1   57,227    47,922    47,815    19.4  0.2

FEMSA Cerveza

  22,845   21,733   21,446   5.1 1.3

FEMSA Comercio

  14,581   11,802   9,996   23.5 18.1   25,476    21,039    17,724    21.1  18.7

CB Equity

   —      —      N/a    N/a    N/a  

Income from operations(1)

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  13,695   11,486   10,293   19.2 11.6   20,152    17,079    15,835    18.0  7.9

FEMSA Cerveza

  5,394   5,497   6,210   (1.9)%  (11.5)% 

FEMSA Comercio

  3,077   2,320   1,667   32.6 39.2   6,276    5,200    4,457    20.7  16.7

CB Equity

   (7  (3  N/a    (133.0)%   N/a  

Depreciation(2)

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  3,036   2,637   2,595   15.1 1.6   4,163    3,333    3,472    24.9  (4.0)% 

FEMSA Cerveza

  1,748   1,637   1,818   6.8 (10.0)% 

FEMSA Comercio

  663   543   431   22.1 26.0   1,175    990    819    18.7  20.9

CB Equity

   —      —      N/a    N/a    N/a  

Gross margin(3)(4)

            

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  47.1 48.2 47.3 (1.1)p.p.(4)  0.9p.p.    45.9  46.3  46.5  (0.4) p.p.   (0.2) p.p. 

FEMSA Cerveza

  53.9 54.9 56.6 (1.0)p.p.  (1.7)p.p. 

FEMSA Comercio

  30.9 28.0 27.1 2.9p.p.  0.9p.p.    34.4  33.8  33.1  0.6 p.p.   0.7 p.p. 

Operating margin(5)

      

CB Equity

   —      N/a    N/a    N/a    N/a  

Operating margin(4)(5)

      

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  16.5 16.6 16.1 (0.1)p.p.  0.5p.p.    16.2  16.5  15.4  (0.3) p.p.   1.1 p.p. 

FEMSA Cerveza

  12.7 13.9 16.4 (1.2)p.p.  (2.5)p.p. 

FEMSA Comercio

  6.5 5.5 4.5 1.0p.p.  1.0p.p.    8.5  8.4  8.3  0.1 p.p.   0.1 p.p. 

CB Equity

   N/a    N/a    N/a    N/a.    N/a  

 

(1)Includes reclassification of financial expense from labor liabilities. See “Item 3. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data.”CB Equity holds Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. Shares.

 

(2)Includes breakage of bottles.

 

(3)Gross margin is calculated with reference to total revenues.

 

(4)As used herein, p.p. refers to a percentage point increase (or decrease), contrasted with a straight percentage increase (or decrease).

 

(5)Operating margin is calculated with reference to total revenues.

Results of Operationsfrom operations for the Year Ended December 31, 20082011 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 20072010

FEMSA Consolidated

Under Mexican FRS, we reclassified our financial statements to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation.

Total Revenues

OurFEMSA’s consolidated total revenues increased 13.9%19.6% to Ps. 168,022203,044 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 147,556169,702 million in 2007.2010. All of ourFEMSA’s operations—soft drinks, beerbeverages and retail—contributed positively to this revenue growth. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total revenues increased 19.8%20.5% to Ps. 82,976124,715 million, driven by a 12.5% higher average price per unit casedouble-digit total revenue growth in both of its divisions and a volume growththe integration of 5.8% as compared to 2007, from 2,120.8 million unit casesthe beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in 2007 to 2,242.8 million unit cases in 2008.Mexico. FEMSA Comercio’s revenues increased 12.0%19.0% to Ps. 47,146 million. The net74,112 million, mainly driven by the opening of 8111,135 net new stores combined with stable same store sales drove this revenue growth. Total revenues at FEMSA Cerveza increased 7.1% compared to 2007 to Ps. 42,385 million, mainly driven by a higheran average price per hectoliter, primarilyincrease of 9.2% in Mexico, and volume increases in our three main markets, Mexico, the U.S., and Brazil.same-store sales.

Gross Profit

Consolidated cost of salesgross profit increased 13.4%19.8% to Ps. 90,39985,035 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 79,73970,970 million in 2007. Approximately 75.2% of this increase came from2010, driven by Coca-Cola FEMSA as a result of cost pressures from the depreciation of local currencies against the U.S. dollar in its main operations as applied to its dollar-denominated raw material costs, as well its integration of the Jugos del Valle line of business in Mexico, which carries a higher cost of sales. FEMSA Comercio accounted for 21.2% of this increase as a result of its rapid pace of store expansion.

Consolidated gross profit increased 14.5% to Ps. 77,623 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 67,817 million in 2007 due to gross profit increases in all of our operations.FEMSA. Gross margin improvedincreased by 0.20.1 percentage points, as compared to 2007, from 46.0%41.8% of consolidated total revenues in 20072010 to 46.2%41.9% in 2008. Gross margin improvement at FEMSA Comercio more than offset raw material prices pressure at FEMSA Cerveza and Coca-Cola FEMSA, and helped offset the depreciation of local currencies against the U.S. dollar as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated costs, resulting in a net overall gross margin improvement.2011.

Income from Operations

Consolidated operating expenses increased 14.3%20.0% to Ps. 54,93958,131 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 48,08148,441 million in 2007. Approximately 50%2010. The majority of this increase resulted from Coca-Cola FEMSA and additional operating expenses at Coca-Cola FEMSA in connection with the integration of new operations in Brazil, together with incremental expenses in its Latincentro division due to higher labor costs. FEMSA Comercio, accounted for 30% of the increase, resulting from the accelerated store expansion. FEMSA Cerveza accounted for the balance. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated operating expenses remained stable at 32.7%increased from 28.5% in 2008 compared with 32.6%2010 to 28.6% in 2007.2011.

Consolidated administrative expenses increased 4.5%6.2% to Ps. 9,5318,249 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 9,1217,766 million in 2007. However, as2010. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated administrative expenses decreased 0.5 percentage pointsfrom 4.6% in 2010 to 5.7%4.1% in 2008 compared with 6.2% in 2007, due to operating leverage driven by higher revenues achieved in all of our operations.2011.

Consolidated selling expenses increased 16.6%22.6% to Ps. 45,40849,882 million in 20082011 as compared to Ps. 38,96040,675 million in 2007. Approximately 49% of this2010. This increase came fromwas attributable to greater selling expenses at Coca-Cola FEMSA while 30% came fromand FEMSA Comercio and the remainder of the balance from FEMSA Cerveza.Comercio. As a percentage of total revenues, selling expenses increased 0.60.5 percentage points, from 24.0% in 2010 to 27.0%24.5% in 2008 compared to 26.4% in 2007.2011.

We incur various expenses related to the distribution of our products that are accounted for in our selling expenses. During 2008 and 2007, our distribution costs amounted to Ps. 12,135 million and Ps. 10,601 million, respectively.

Consolidated income from operations increased 14.9%19.4% to Ps. 22,68426,904 million in 20082011 as compared to Ps. 19,73622,529 million in 2007,2010, driven by the results at Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio, which more than offset the decrease at FEMSA Cerveza.Comercio. Consolidated operating margin increased 0.1 percentage points from 2007 levels to 13.5%remained stable at 13.3% as a percentage of 20082011 consolidated total revenues. Operating margin improvements at FEMSA Comercio combined with a stable margin at Coca-Cola FEMSA, offset the margin pressure at FEMSA Cerveza, which was driven by higher raw material costs and operating expenses.

Some of our subsidiaries pay management fees to us in consideration for corporate services we provide to them. These fees are recorded as administrative expenses in the respective business segments. Our subsidiaries’ payments of management fees are eliminated in consolidation and, therefore, have no effect on our consolidated operating expenses.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Total Revenues

Coca-Cola FEMSA total revenues increased 19.8%20.5% to Ps. 82,976124,715 million in 2008,2011, compared to Ps. 69,251103,456 million in 2007,2010 as a result of growth in all of its divisions. Growth in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Latincentro division was mainly driven by incremental pricing,double-digit total revenue growth in its South America and Mexico division was mainly driven by incremental volume and growth in its Mercosur division was mainly driven byCentral America divisions and the integration of REMIL. The Latincentro division, including Venezuela, accounted for more than 45%the beverage divisions of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s revenue growth. TheGrupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in its Mexican territories during the fourth quarter of 2011. Excluding the integration of the beverage divisions of Grupo

Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in Mexico, total revenues grew approximately 19% in 2011. On a currency neutral basis and Mercosur divisions, excluding the effect of the REMIL acquisitionrecently merged franchise territories in Brazil, represented close to 30% of incremental revenue growth. REMIL contributed more than 20% of incrementalMexico, total revenues and a positive net foreign exchange gain derived from translating local currencies from the countriesincreased approximately 16% in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates into Mexican pesos (which we refer to as a “translation effect”) represented most of the balance.

2011. Consolidated average price per unit case increased 12.5%13.8%, reaching Ps. 35.9345.38 in 20082011 as compared to Ps. 31.9539.89 in 2007. Price increases implemented in most of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories and the addition of the Jugos del Valle line of business, which carries higher average prices per unit case, accounted for this growth.2010.

Consolidated total sales volume reached 2,242.82,648.6 million unit cases in 2008,2011, compared to 2,120.82,499.5 million unit cases in 2007,2010, an increase of 5.8%6.0%. Excluding REMIL, total sales volume increased 2.6% to reach 2,176.7 million unit cases. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s water business, mainly driven by the bulk water businessVolume growth resulted from increases in Mexico, and stillsparkling beverages, mainly driven by the introduction of Jugos del Valle and the new products derived from that line of business,which accounted for approximately 80% of these increases in sales volume. Sparklingincremental volumes, driven by the Coca-Cola brand. The still beverage sales,category, mainly driven by the Coca-Cola brand and the strong performance of Coca-Cola Zero outside of Mexico represented the balance.

Gross Profit

Coca-Cola FEMSA cost of sales increased 22.4% to Ps. 43,895 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 35,876 million in 2007, as a result of cost pressures related to the devaluation of local currencies in most of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations as applied to its U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs. The integration of REMIL and lower profitability from the Jugos del Valle line of business in Mexico, which was expectedBrazil and Venezuela, andHi-C orangeade and theCepita juice brand in 2008 becauseArgentina contributed with approximately 15% of the Jugos del Valle agreement to retain profits atincremental volumes, and the joint venture company in 2008 for reinvestment, also contributed to this increase. Gross profit increased 17.1% to Ps. 39,081 million in 2008 compared to 2007, driven by a 40.8% increase in its Mercosur division, a 27.6% increase in its Latincentro division, including Venezuela, and a 1.8% increase in its Mexico division. In spite of this increase in gross profit, gross margin decreased 1.1 percentage points to 47.1% in 2008.

Cost of sales includes raw materials, in particular concentrate and sweeteners, packaging materials, depreciation expenses attributable to production facilities, wages and other employment expenses associated withbottled water category represented the labor force employed at production facilities, as well as certain overhead expenses. Concentrate prices are determined as a percentage of the retail price of products in the local currency, net of applicable taxes. Packaging materials, mainly PET and aluminum, and high fructose corn syrup, used as sweetener in some countries, are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Income from operations

Operating expenses in absolute terms increased 16.0% compared to 2007 to Ps. 25,386 million, mainly as a result of salary increases in excess of inflation in some of the countries in which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates and higher operating expenses in the Mercosur division, mainly due tobalance. Excluding the integration of REMIL, that were partially offset by lower marketing investmentthe beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA in some of its operations. As a percentage of sales, operating expenses declined from 31.6% in 2007Mexico, volumes grew 4.0% to 30.6% in 2008, as a result of higher revenue growth that compensated for higher operating expenses.

Income from operations increased 19.2% to Ps. 13,6952,599.7 million in 2008, as compared to Ps. 11,486 million in 2007. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mercosur and Latincentro divisions, including Venezuela, each accounted for more than 40% of this increase. Operating margin remained almost flat at 16.5% in 2008 compared to 16.6% in 2007.

FEMSA Cerveza

Total Revenues

FEMSA Cerveza total revenues increased 7.1% to Ps. 42,385 million in 2008 as compared to Ps. 39,566 million in 2007. Beer sales increased 7.0% to Ps. 39,014 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 36,457 million in 2007 and represented 92.0% of total revenues in 2008. Sales from FEMSA Cerveza’s packaging division accounted for 8% of total revenues. Higher average prices per hectoliter accounted for approximately 55 percent of total revenue growth, while incremental volumes were approximately 36 percent. The balance came from other revenues. Mexico beer revenues represented 68.9% of total revenues in 2008 compared to 68.8% in 2007. Brazil beer revenues represented 14.6% of total revenues in 2008, down slightly from 14.9% in 2007. Export beer revenues remained almost flat at 8.5% of total revenues in 2008, compared to 8.4% in 2007.

Mexico sales volume increased 1.6% to 27.393 million hectoliters in 2008. This increase was mainly driven by theTecate andIndio brand families throughout the country together with the successful introduction of line extensions such asSol Limón y Sal. Mexico price per hectoliter increased 5.7% to Ps. 1,066.8 in 2008, as a result of incremental volumes brought under FEMSA Cerveza’s own distribution network, which for the year stands at 90% of its total domestic volume. Price increases implemented during the year also contributed to this effect.

Brazil sales volume increased 3.9% to 10.181 million hectoliters in 2008 compared to 9.795 million hectoliters in 2007, outpacing the growth of the Brazilian beer industry. During the year, FEMSA Cerveza’s Sol,Kaiser andBavaria brands accounted for most of the growth. Average price per hectoliter in Brazil increased 0.8% over 2007 in Mexican peso terms to Ps. 607.2 in 2008. In Brazilian real terms, average price per hectoliter increased 2.0% percent, reflecting price increases implemented late in the year.

Export sales volumes increased 9.3% in 2008 compared to 2007 reaching 3.479 million hectoliters compared to 3.183 million hectoliters in 2007, primarily driven by increased demand for FEMSA Cerveza’sDos Equis andTecate brands in the U.S. and for itsSol brand in other key markets. Export price per hectoliter in Mexican pesos decreased 1.1% compared to 2007 to Ps. 1,037.0 in 2008. In U.S. dollar terms, price per hectoliter improved by 0.2% to $94.0 U.S., due to moderate price increases implemented during the year, which more than offset changes in packaging mix.unit cases.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 9.6%21.5% to Ps. 19,54067,488 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 17,83355,534 million in 2007, ahead2010, as a result of higher sweetener and PET costs across Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations, which were partially offset by the appreciation of the 7.1% total revenue growth inaverage exchange rates of the year. This increase was mainly driven by higher raw material costs, particularly for aluminumBrazilian real, the Colombian peso and grains, the Mexican peso depreciation of 25% as applied to itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s U.S. dollar-denominated costs and to a lesser extent the 2.8% total volume growth, which more than offset operating efficiencies achieved during the year.raw material costs. Gross profit reachedincreased 19.4% to Ps. 22,84557,227 million in 2008, an increase of 5.1%2011, as compared to Ps. 21,733 million in 2007. Gross2010. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s gross margin decreased 1.00.4 percentage points from 54.9%to 45.9% in 2007 to 53.9% in 2008.2011.

Income from operationsOperating Expenses

Operating expenses increased 7.5%20.2% to Ps. 17,45137,075 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 16,236 million in 2007. However, as2011. As a percentage of total revenues, operating expenses remained almost flat at 41.2%29.7% in 2011 as compared to 41.0%29.8% in 2007. Administrative expenses decreased 4.7%2010.

Income from Operations

Income from operations increased 18.0% to Ps. 4,09320,152 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 4,295 million in 2007 due to expense rationalization together with a decline in capitalized investments in the ERP system, which have been fully amortized. Selling expenses increased 11.9% to Ps. 13,358 million in 20082011, as compared to Ps. 11,94117,079 million in 2007, mainly due2010 driven by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s South America division. Operating margin was 16.2% in 2011, a contraction of 0.3 percentage points as compared to continuous marketing investment in channel development and brand-building activities behindSol andTecate in Mexico as well as forDos Equis andTecate in the U.S. and forKaiser andSol in Brazil. The increase also resulted from incremental volumes that we brought under FEMSA Cerveza’s direct distribution network. Income from operations decreased 1.9% to Ps. 5,394 million in 2008, to 12.7% of consolidated total revenues, reflecting mainly the decline in gross margin.2010.

FEMSA Comercio

Total Revenues

FEMSA Comercio total revenues increased 12.0%19.0% to Ps. 47,14674,112 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 42,10362,259 million in 2007,2010, primarily as a result of the opening of 8111,135 net new stores during 20082011, together with stablean average increase in same-store sales.sales of 9.2%. As of December 31, 2008,2011, there were a total of 6,3749,561 stores in Mexico. FEMSA Comercio same-store sales were virtually flat, upincreased an average of 0.4%9.2% compared to 2007. A 13.0%2010, driven by a 4.6% increase in store traffic which was driven by a broader mix of products and services, more than offset a decrease of 11.2%4.3% in average customer ticket. During the year, store traffic and ticket dynamics reflect the mix shift from prepaid wireless phone cards to the sale of electronic air-time, for which only the margin is recorded, not the full amount of revenues coming from the air-time recharge.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 7.5%18.0% to Ps. 32,56548,636 million in 2008,2011, below total revenue growth, compared with Ps. 30,30141,220 million in 2007.2010. As a result, gross profit reached Ps. 14,58125,476 million in 2008,2011, which represented a 23.5%21.1% increase from 2007.2010. Gross margin expanded 2.90.6 percentage points to reach 30.9%34.4% of total revenues. A significant portionThis increase reflects a positive mix shift due to the growth of this improvement resulted from the shift towards electronic air-time recharges as described above. The balance came from growth in higher-marginhigher margin categories such as ready-to-drink coffee and alternative beverages, among others, as well as better pricing strategiesa more effective collaboration and improved commercial termsexecution with key supplier partners.partners combined with a more efficient use of promotion-related marketing resources.

Income from operationsOperations

Operating expenses increased 21.3%21.2% to Ps. 11,50419,200 million in 20082011 compared with Ps. 9,48215,839 million in 2007. Administrative expenses increased 10.9% to Ps. 833 million in 2008 compared with Ps. 751 million in 2007, however, as percentage of sales remained stable at 1.8%. Selling expenses increased 22.2% to Ps. 10,671 in 2008 compared with Ps. 8,731 million in 2007, mainly2010, largely driven by higher energy costs at the store level andgrowing number of stores as well as by incremental expenses, related tosuch as those for the strengthening of FEMSA Comercio´sComercio’s organizational structure, mainly IT-related, and targeted marketing programs.

Administrative expenses increased 21.2% to Ps. 1,438 million in accordance2011, compared with management plans. Ps. 1,186 million in 2010; however, as a percentage of sales, they remained stable at 1.9%.

Selling expenses increased 21.2% to Ps. 17,762 million in 2011 compared with Ps. 14,653 million in 2010.

Income from operations increased 32.6%20.7% to Ps. 3,0776,276 million in 20082011 compared with Ps. 2,3205,200 million in 2007,2010, resulting in an operating margin expansion of 1.00.1 percentage pointpoints to 6.5%8.5% as a percentage of total revenues for the year, compared with 5.5%8.4% in 2007. This all-time high operating margin was driven by gross margin expansion which more than offset the increase in operating expenses.2010.

FEMSA Consolidated—Net Income

Integral Result of Financing

Net interest expense reached Ps. 4,332 million in 2008 compared with Ps. 3,952 million in 2007, mainly driven by higher interest expense derived from an increase in our average total debt rate during the year.

Foreign exchange recorded a loss of Ps. 1,694 million in 2008 from a gain of Ps. 691 million in 2007, due to the depreciation of the local currencies in our markets against the U.S. dollar, as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated liability position.

Monetary position amounted to a lower gain of Ps. 657 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 1,639 million in 2007, reflecting changes in Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, as inflationary adjustments are no longer applied to the vast majority of our liability positions.

The market value of the ineffective portion of our derivative financial instruments reflects a shift to a loss of Ps. 1,456 million in 2008 from a gain of Ps. 69 million in 2007, driven by the recognition of mark-to-market losses in our U.S. dollar cross currency swaps and to a lesser extent, the unwinding of certain commodity hedges that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes.

Other Expenses

Other expenses include employee profit sharing, (PTU),which we refer to as PTU, impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies, as well as their subsequent interest and penalties, severance payments derived from restructuring programs participation in affiliated companies, gains or losses on sales of fixed assets, and all other non-recurring expenses related to activities other than ourdifferent from the main activities of the Company and that are not recognized as part of the integral result of financing.comprehensive financing result. During 2008,2011, other expenses increased to Ps. 2,3742,917 million from Ps. 1,297282 million in 2007,2010, largely driven mainly by increasesthe net effect of non-recurring items. Such items include the income in employee profit sharing expenses2010 from the sale of our flexible packaging business and in impairment chargesthe sale of long-lived assets, together with strategic restructuring programs mainly atthe Mundet brand to The Coca-Cola FEMSA during 2008.Company.

Comprehensive Financing Result

Comprehensive financing result decreased 63.6% in 2011 to Ps. 783 million, reflecting an improvement due to a foreign exchange gain (of Ps. 1,165 million) in 2011 driven by the effect of the devaluation of the Mexican peso on the U.S. dollar-denominated component of our cash position as compared to a loss of Ps. 614 million in 2010.

Equity Method of Associates

Equity Method of Associates increased 46.0% to Ps. 5,167 million in 2011 compared with Ps. 3,538 million in 2010, mainly driven by the inclusion of the full year of our 20% interest in Heineken’s net income in 2011, compared to the inclusion of eight months of our 20% interest in Heineken’s 2010 net income.

Income Taxes

TheOur accounting provision for income taxes in 20082011 was Ps. 4,2077,687 million, as compared to Ps. 4,9505,671 million in 2007,2010, resulting in an effective tax rate of 31.2%27.1% in 20082011, as compared with 29.3%to 24.0% in 2007.2010.

Consolidated Net Income before Discontinued Operations

Net income decreased 22.3%from continuing operations increased 15.2% to Ps. 9,27820,684 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 11,936 million17,961million in 2007. This decline resulted2010. These results were driven by the growth in income from our higher integral result of financing due to the factors mentioned above,operations, which more than offset operatingcompensated for an increase in the other expenses line largely driven by the net effect of non-recurring items. These include the tough comparison base caused by income growth.from the sale of our flexible packaging business and the sale of the Mundet brand to The Coca-Cola Company, and a loss on disposal of long-lived assets in 2011.

Consolidated Net majorityIncome

Consolidated net income was Ps. 20,684 million in 2011 compared to Ps. 45,290 million in 2010, a difference mainly attributable to the one-time Heineken transaction-related gain recorded during 2010 (of Ps. 26,623 million). Net controlling interest amounted to Ps. 6,70815,133 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 8,51140,251 million in 2007, a decline2010, which difference was also due principally to the effect in 2010 of 21.2%.the Heineken transaction. Net majority incomecontrolling interest in 20082011 per one FEMSA Unit(1) was Ps. 1.87 ($1.364.23 (US$3.03 per ADS).

1

FEMSA Units consist of FEMSA BD Units and FEMSA B Units. Each FEMSA BD Unit is comprised of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares. Each FEMSA B Unit is comprised of five Series B Shares. The number of FEMSA Units outstanding as of December 31, 2011 was 3,578,226,270, which is equivalent to the total number of FEMSA Shares outstanding as of the same date, divided by five.

Results of Operationsfrom operations for the Year Ended December 31, 20072010 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 20062009

FEMSA Consolidated

Under Mexican FRS, we reclassified our financial statements to reflect FEMSA Cerveza as a discontinued operation.

Total Revenues

FEMSA’s consolidated total revenues increased 8.4%5.9% to Ps. 147,556169,702 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 136,120160,251 million in 2006.2009. All of FEMSA’s operations—soft drinks, beerbeverage and retail—retail operations contributed positively to this revenue growth. FEMSA Comercio’s revenues increased 14.3% to Ps. 42,103 million, due to the 716 net new stores opened during the year and the 3.3% growth in same stores sales. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total revenues increased 8.1%0.7% to Ps. 69,251 million, mainly due to strong volume growth of 6.1% as compared to 2006 from 2,120.8 million unit cases in 2007 to 1,998.1 million unit cases in 2006 and an average price per unit case increase of 1.2%. Total revenues at FEMSA Cerveza increased 4.3% over 2006 to Ps. 39,566103,456 million, driven by higher volumes that more than offset the slight declinerevenue growth in its Mercosur and Mexico divisions. FEMSA Comercio’s revenues increased 16.3% to Ps. 62,259 million, mainly driven by the opening of 1,092 net new stores combined with an average price per hectoliterincrease of 5.2% in real terms and the decline in lower third-party packaging revenues as our internal demand for packaging increased as opposed to third-partysame-store sales.

Gross Profit

Consolidated cost of salesgross profit increased 8.7%4.5% to Ps. 79,73970,970 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 73,33867,938 million in 2006. Approximately 53.8% of this increase resulted from2009, driven by FEMSA Comercio and its rapid pace of store expansion. Coca-Cola FEMSA accounted for 33.4% of this increase and FEMSA Cerveza accounted for 21.3%.

Consolidated gross profit increased 8.0% to Ps. 67,817 million in 2007 compared to Ps. 62,782 million in 2006 due to increases in all of our operations.Comercio. Gross margin decreased 0.2contracted by 0.6 percentage points, as compared to 2006, from 46.1%42.4% of consolidated total revenues in 20062009 to 45.9%41.8% in 2007.2010 as the faster growth of lower-margin FEMSA Comercio tends to compress FEMSA’s consolidated margins over time. Gross margin improvementsimprovement at Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio partially offset raw material pressureraw-material cost pressures at FEMSA Cerveza, resulting in a slight gross margin decrease.Coca-Cola FEMSA.

Income from Operations

Consolidated operating expenses increased 8.9%3.5% to Ps. 48,08148,441 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 44,14546,808 million in 2006. Approximately 48%2009. The majority of this increase was driven byresulted from additional operating expenses in all of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations, especially in Venezuela, Brazil and Mexico, which together accounted for 75.6% of the incremental expense.at FEMSA Comercio, due to an accelerated store expansion. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated operating expenses remained stable at 32.6%decreased from 29.2% in 2007 compared with 32.5%2009 to 28.5% in 2006.2010.

Consolidated administrative expenses increased 2.8%decreased 0.9% to Ps. 9,1217,766 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 8,8737,835 million in 2006. However, as2009. As a percentage of total revenues, consolidated administrative expenses decreased 0.3 percentage points to 6.2%remained stable at 4.6% in 20072010 compared with 6.5%4.9% in 2006 due to operating leverage driven by higher revenues achieved in all of FEMSA’s operations.2009.

Consolidated selling expenses increased 10.4%4.4% to Ps. 38,96040,675 million in 20072010 as compared to Ps. 35,27238,973 million in 2006. Approximately 45.2% of this2009. This increase was due to Coca-Cola FEMSA and 31.5%attributable to FEMSA Comercio’s rapid rate of growth.Comercio. As a percentage of total revenues, selling expenses increased 0.5decreased 0.3 percentage points from to 26.4%24.3% in 2007 compared2009 to 25.9%24.0% in 2006.

We incur various expenses related to the distribution of our products that are accounted for in our selling expenses. During 2007 and 2006, our distribution costs amounted to Ps. 10,601 million and Ps. 9,921 million, respectively. The exclusion of these charges from our cost of sales may result in the amounts reported as gross profit not being comparable to other companies that may include all expenses related to their distribution network in cost of sales when calculating gross profit or an equivalent measure.2010.

Consolidated income from operations increased 5.9%6.6% to Ps. 19,73622,529 million in 20072010 as compared to Ps. 18,63721,130 million in 2006,2009. This increase was driven by the results of Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Comercio, which more than offset the decrease at FEMSA Cerveza.Comercio. Excluding one-time Heineken Transaction-related expenses, consolidated income from operations would have grown 8.7% in that period. Consolidated operating margin decreased 0.3increased 0.1 percentage points from 2006 levels13.2% in 2009, to 13.4%13.3% as a percentage of 2010 consolidated total revenues in 2007. The decrease in operating margin was primarily attributable to a margin contraction at FEMSA Cerveza driven by higher raw material prices and operating expenses and the increased contribution of FEMSA Comercio, which has a lower margin than our core operations.revenues.

Some of our subsidiaries pay management fees to us in consideration for corporate services providedwe provide to them. These fees are recorded as administrative expenses in the respective business segments. Our subsidiaries’ payments of management fees are eliminated in consolidation and, therefore, have no effect on our consolidated operating expenses.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Total Revenues

Coca-Cola FEMSA total revenues increased 8.1%0.7% to Ps. 69,251103,456 million in 2007,2010, compared to Ps. 64,046102,767 million in 2006 with Mexico, Brazil and Venezuela accounting for more than 75% of this growth.

Consolidated total sales volume reached 2,120.8 million unit cases in 2007, compared to 1,998.1 million unit cases in 2006, an increase of 6.1%. Sparkling beverage volume, which we previously referred to as sparkling beverages, increased 5.7%2009 as a result of sales volume increasesrevenue growth in allCoca-Cola FEMSA’s Mercosur and Mexico divisions and despite the devaluation of the Venezuelan bolívar, which affected our territories. Sparkling beverage volume growth was mainly driven byrevenues in that country. On a currency-neutral basis and excluding theCoca-Cola brand, which accounted for close to 65% acquisition of incrementalBrisa in Colombia, total volume. A strong marketing campaign associated with the launching ofCoca-Cola Zerorevenues increased approximately 15% in Mexico, Brazil and Argentina contributed to this growth.2010.

Consolidated average price per unit case increased 1.2% in real terms,decreased 2.6%, reaching Ps. 31.9539.89 in 20072010 as compared to Ps. 31.5640.95 in 2006. Average price2009, reflecting the devaluation in the Venezuelan bolívar.

Consolidated total sales volume reached 2,499.5 million unit cases in 2010, compared to 2,428.6 million unit cases in 2009, an increase of 2.9%. Volume growth resulted largely from increases in most of our territories, partially offset lower average prices in Mexico.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales in absolute terms increased 6.3% to Ps. 35,876 million in 2007 compared to Ps. 33,740 million in 2006. Gross profit increased 10.1% to Ps. 33,375 million in 2007, as compared to the previous year, mainly driven by incremental revenues across all of our territoriessparkling beverages, which grew 2.6% and higher fixed-cost absorption. Gross margin increased to 48.2% in 2007 from 47.3% in 2006, driven by revenue growth, whichaccounted for more than compensated for higher sweetener costs in Mexico.

Cost70% of sales includes raw materials, in particular concentrate and sweeteners, packaging materials, depreciation expenses attributable to our production facilities, wages and other employment expenses associated with the labor force employed at our production facilities, as well as certain overhead expenses. Concentrate prices are determined as a percentage of the retail price of our products in local currency net of applicable taxes.

Income from operations

Operating expenses in absolute terms increased 9.3% year over year to Ps. 21,889 million, mainly as a result of (1) salary increases ahead of inflation in some of the countries in which we operate, (2) higher operating expenses due to increases in maintenance expenses and freight costs in some territories and (3) higher marketing investment in our major operations in connection with several initiatives intended to reinforce our presence in the market and build brand equity. As a percentage of total revenues, operating expenses increased from 31.3% in 2006 to 31.6% in 2007.

Income from operations increased 11.6% to Ps. 11,486 million in 2007, as compared to Ps. 10,293 million in 2006. Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela accounted for the majority of the incremental growth and more than offset a slight income from operations decline in Mexico. Operating margin increased 0.5 percentage points to reach 16.6% of total revenues in 2007,volumes, mainly driven by the improved operating leverage that resulted from higher revenues.

FEMSA Cerveza

Total Revenues

FEMSA Cerveza total revenues increased 4.3% to Ps. 39,566 million in 2007 as compared to Ps. 37,919 million in 2006. Beer sales increased 5.4% to Ps. 36,457 million in 2007 compared to Ps. 34,602 million in 2006 and represent 92.1% of total revenues in 2007. Total revenue growth was primarilyCoca-Cola brand. The still beverage category, mainly driven by higherthe Jugos del Valle line of business in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s key operations, contributed with approximately 20% of the incremental volumes which more than offset the decline in lower third-party packaging revenues driven by a higher percentage of our packaging production going to internal demand as opposed to third-party sales; and the 0.6% decline in average price per hectoliter in real terms, resulting from lower average price per hectoliter in all our operations. Mexico beer revenuesbottled water category represented 68.8%the balance. Excluding the acquisitions of Brisa, total revenues in 2007 compared to 69.2% in 2006. Brazil beer revenues represented 14.9% of total revenues in 2007, up from 14.2% in 2006. Export beer revenues reached 8.4% of total revenues in 2007, up from 7.9% in 2006.

Mexico sales volume increased 3.9%1.6% to 26.962reach 2,479.6 million hectoliters in 2007, despite strong comparable growth figures in 2006 and adverse weather conditions mainly in the first and third quarters of 2007. Growth was driven by ourTecate,Sol andIndio brand families throughout the country. Mexico price per hectoliter remained almost flat in real terms at Ps. 1,009.4 in 2007.

Brazil sales volume increased 9.6% to 9.795 million hectoliters in 2007 compared to 8.935 million hectoliters in 2006, outpacing the growth of the Brazilian beer industry. This growth reflects positive trends for our brand portfolio that continue to develop according to FEMSA Cerveza’s plan for these operations. Brazil price per hectoliter decreased 0.2% over 2006 in real terms to Ps. 602.7 in 2007.

Export sales volumes increased 13.2% compared to 2006 reaching 3.183 million hectoliters compared to 2.811 million hectoliters in 2006, primarily driven by increased demand for ourDos Equis andTecate brands in the U.S. and for ourSol brand in other key markets. Export price per hectoliter decreased 1.0% compared to 2006 to Ps. 1,048.9 in 2007.unit cases.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 8.3%1.1% to Ps. 17,88355,534 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 16,47354,952 million in 2006, mainly driven2009, as a result of increases in the cost of sweeteners of our operations, which were partially offset by 5.9% total volume growth, higherthe appreciation of the Brazilian real, the Colombian peso and the Mexican peso as applied to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s U.S. dollar-denominated raw material prices, particularly aluminum and grains, and incremental volumes coming from non-returnable presentations.costs. Gross profit reachedincreased 0.2% to Ps. 21,73347,922 million in 2007 an increase2010, as compared to 2009, despite the devaluation of 1.3%the Venezuelan bolívar; Coca-Cola FEMSA’s gross margin decreased 0.2 percentage points to 46.3% in 2010.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased 3.6% to Ps. 30,843 million in 2010. As a percentage of sales, operating expenses decreased to 29.8% in 2010 from 31.1% in 2009.

Income from Operations

Income from operations increased 7.9% to Ps. 17,079 million in 2010, as compared to Ps. 21,44615,835 million in 2006. Gross2009 driven by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mercosur and Latincentro divisions. Operating margin decreased 1.7was 16.5% in 2010, an expansion of 1.1 percentage points from 56.6% in 2006 to 54.9% in 2007.

Income from operations

Operating expenses increased 6.6% to Ps. 16,236 million in 2007 compared to Ps. 15,236 million in 2006. Administrative expenses slightly increased 1.3% to Ps. 4,295 million in 2007 compared to Ps. 4,238 million in 2006. Selling expenses increased 8.6% to Ps. 11,941 million in 2007 as compared to Ps. 10,998 million in 2006, mainly due to continued investment in channel development and brand-building activities forSol andTecate in Mexico as well as forDos Equis andTecate in the U.S. and stepped-up marketing activities in Brazil in connection with ourSol andKaiser brands. Income from operations decreased 11.5% to Ps. 5,497 million in 2007, to 13.9% of consolidated total revenues.2009.

FEMSA Comercio

Total Revenues

FEMSA Comercio total revenues increased 14.3%16.3% to Ps. 42,10362,259 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 36,83553,549 million in 2006,2009, primarily as a result of the opening of 7161,092 net new OXXO stores during 2007 and2010, combined with an average increase of same-store sales growth.of 5.2%. As of December 31, 2007,2010, there were a total of 5,563 OXXO8,409 stores in Mexico. This is OXXO’s 12th consecutive year of increasing the number of new store openings. OXXOMexico and 17 stores in Colombia. FEMSA Comercio same-store sales increased onan average 3.3%of 5.2% compared to 2006, due to2009, driven by a 4.4%3.9% increase in store traffic which was driven by broader mix of products and services, which more than offset a decrease of 1.1%1.3% in average customer ticket. TrafficAs was the case in 2009, the same-store sales, ticket and tickettraffic dynamics continued to reflect the introductioneffects from the continued mix shift from physical prepaid wireless air-time cards to the sale of electronic air-time, sales for customers of wireless telephone carriers, launched in recent months across the country, which drive incremental traffic to the store and for which only the margin is recorded, notrather than the total revenues coming fromfull amount of the air-timeelectronic recharge.

Gross Profit

Cost of sales increased 12.9%15.1% to Ps. 30,30141,220 million in 2007,2010, below total revenue growth, compared with Ps. 26,83935,825 million in 2006.2009. As a result, gross profit reached Ps. 11,80221,039 million in 2007,2010, which represented an 18.1%18.7% increase from 2006.2009. Gross margin expanded 0.90.7 percentage points to reach 28.0%33.8% of total revenues. This improvement was driven by better pricing strategies, improved commercial termsincrease reflects a positive mix shift due to (i) the growth of higher margin categories, (ii) more effective collaboration and execution with ourFEMSA Comercio’s key supplier partners and more efficient use of promotion-related marketing resources, and (iii) to a lesser extent, the continued mix shift toward electronic air-time recharges as well as by growth coming from higher-margin categories such as fast food, coffee and alternative beverages.described above.

Income from operationsOperations

Operating expenses increased 13.9%19.4% to Ps. 9,48215,839 million in 20072010 compared with Ps. 8,32913,267 million in 2006. 2009, largely driven by the growing number of stores as well as by incremental expenses such as (i) higher utility tariffs at the store level and (ii) the strengthening of FEMSA Comercio’s organizational structure, mainly IT-related, which was deferred in 2009 in response to the challenging economic environment that prevailed in Mexico at the time.

Administrative expenses decreased 0.4%increased 23.7% to Ps. 7511,186 million in 20072010, compared with Ps. 754959 million in 2006 primarily as our initial capitalized investments in the Oracle ERP system have been fully amortized, and due to a lesser extent to broad expense-containment initiatives. Selling expenses2009, however, as a percentage of total revenuessales remained stable at 20.7%1.9%.

Selling expenses increased 19.1% to Ps. 14,653 in 2007, an increase of 15.3% in 20072010 compared with Ps. 7,57512,308 million in 2006.2009. Income from operations increased 39.2%16.7% to Ps. 2,3205,200 million in 20072010 compared with Ps. 1,6674,457 million in 2006,2009, resulting in an operating margin expansion of 1.0 percentage point10 basis points to 5.5%8.4% as a percentage of total revenues for the year, compared with 4.5%8.3% in 2006. This margin expansion was driven by gross margin expansion and by better fixed-expense absorption resulting from higher revenues.2009.

FEMSA Consolidated—Net Income

Integral Result of Financing

Net interest expense reached Ps. 3,952 million in 2007 compared with Ps. 3,677 million in 2006 mainly driven by higher interest expense derived from an increase in average total debt during the year. Foreign exchange (loss/gain) amounted to a gain of Ps. 691 million in 2007 compared with a loss of Ps. 217 million in 2006. This gain resulted due to appreciation of the Mexican peso and the Brazilian reais as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated debt position in 2007.

Monetary position amounted to a gain of Ps. 1,639 million in 2007 compared with a gain of Ps. 1,488 million in 2006. This gain in 2007 represents the positive effects of inflation on monetary items on our increased liabilities recorded in 2007.

Other Expenses

Beginning in 2007, pursuant to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, we recordedOther expenses include employee profit sharing, which we refer to as PTU, impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies, as well as their subsequent interest and penalties, severance payments derived from restructuring programs and all other non-recurring expenses related to activities different from the main activities of the Company and that are not recognized as part of “other expenses” instead of presenting it within the taxes line. For comparison purposes, we also reflect this change in the information presented for prior periods. Our employee profit sharingcomprehensive financing result. During 2010, other expenses amountedcontracted to Ps. 553282 million from Ps. 1,877 million in 2007 compared2009.

Comprehensive Financing Result

Comprehensive financing result decreased 18.0% in 2010 to Ps. 5302,153 million, in 2006. Excluding employee profit sharing, other expenses, net decreased 33.6% to Ps. 744 million in 2007 from Ps. 1,120 million in 2006,reflecting an improvement over the low comparison base of 2009, driven by extraordinary items recorded for strategic projects, mainly at Coca-Cola FEMSA, in 2006.lower interest expenses.

Income Taxes

TheOur accounting provision for income taxes in 20072010 was Ps. 4,9505,671 million compared to Ps. 4,6084,959 million in 2006,2009, resulting in an effective tax rate of 29.3%24.0% in 2010 as compared with 29.6% in 2009 as the inclusion of the participation in Heineken’s 2010 net income is shown net of taxes.

Consolidated Net Income before Discontinued Operations

Net income from continuing operations increased 52.2% to Ps. 17,961 million in 2010 compared to 31.8%Ps. 11,799 million in 2006, mainly2009. These results were driven by the combination of (i) the inclusion of FEMSA’s 20% participation in the last eight months of Heineken’s 2010 net income, (ii) growth in income from operations, and (iii) a reduction in the statutory income tax rate in Mexico from 29% in 2006 to 28% in 2007 and less non-deductible expenses.other expenses line.

Consolidated Net Income

Net consolidated income increased 21.1% toreached Ps. 11,93645,290 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 9,86015,082 million in 2006,2009, driven by (i) the one-time Heineken transaction-related gain and (ii) a double-digit increase in FEMSA’s net income from operations growth and a shift from a loss in foreign exchange in 2006 to a gain in 2007.continuing operations.

Net majority incomecontrolling interest amounted to Ps. 8,51140,251 million in 20072010 compared to Ps. 7,1279,908 million in 2006, an increase of 19.4%.2009. Net majority incomecontrolling interest in 20072010 per FEMSA Unit(2) was Ps. 2.38 ($2.1811.25 (US$ 9.08 per ADS).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Each of our sub-holding companies generally finances its operational and capital requirements on an independent basis. As of December 31, 2008, 71.3%2011, 76.9% of our outstanding consolidated total indebtedness was at the level

of our sub-holding companies. This structure is attributable, in part, to the inclusion of third parties in the capital structure of Coca-Cola FEMSA. Currently, we expect to continue to finance our operations and capital requirements primarily at the level of our sub-holding companies. Nonetheless, we may decide to incur indebtedness at our holding company in the future to finance the operations and capital requirements of our subsidiaries or significant acquisitions, investments or capital expenditures. As a holding company, we depend on dividends and other distributions from our subsidiaries to service our indebtedness.

We continuously evaluate opportunities to pursue acquisitions or engage in joint ventures or other transactions. We would expect to finance any significant future transactions with a combination of cash from operations, long-term indebtedness and capital stock.

TheOur principal source of liquidity of each sub-holding company has generally been cash generated from our operations. We have traditionally been able to rely on cash generated from operations because a significant majority of the sales of Coca-Cola FEMSA FEMSA Cerveza and FEMSA Comercio are on a cash or short-term credit basis, and FEMSA Comercio’s OXXO stores are able to finance a significant portion of their initial and ongoing inventories with supplier credit. Our principal use of cash has generally been for capital expenditure programs, debt repayment and dividend payments.

In 2008, we adopted NIF B-2 (“Statement of Cash Flows”) pursuant to which we present cash inflows and outflows in nominal currency for the year ended December 31, 2008. NIF B-2 replaces the statement of changes in financial position, which we still present for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, and which includes inflation effects and unrealized foreign exchange effects. The application of NIF B-2 is prospective, and therefore the cash flow statement for the year ended December 31, 2008 is not comparable to the statements of changes in financial position for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.

The following is a summary of the principal sources and uses of cash for the yearyears ended December 31, 2008,2011, 2010 and 2009, from our consolidated statement of cash flows:

Principal Sources and Uses of Cash

Yearof Continuing Operations

Years ended December 31, 20082011, 2010 and 2009

(in millions of Mexican pesos)(1)

 

2008

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

Ps.23,064

Net cash flows used in investing activities(1)

(18,060

Net cash flows used in financing activities(2)

(6,160

Dividends paid

(2,065
   2011  2010  2009 

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   Ps.22,244    Ps.17,802    Ps.22,744  

Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities(2)

   (18,090  6,178    (11,376

Net cash flows used in financing activities(3)

   (6,922  (10,496  (7,889

Dividends paid

   (6,625  (3,813  (2,246

 

(1)Includes property, plantAs of April 30, 2010 FEMSA no longer controls FEMSA Cerveza. As a result, principal sources and equipment, investmentuses of cash of discontinued operations are presented in shares and other assets.a separate line in the consolidated statements of cash flows (see “Item 18. Financial Statements”).

 

(2)Includes dividends declared and paid.

The following table summarizes the sources and uses of cash for the yearsnet investments in the period ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, from our consolidated statements of changes in financial position:

Principal Sources and Uses of Cash

Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006(1)

(in millions of Mexican pesos)

   2007  2006 

Net resources generated by operating activities

  Ps.18,022   Ps.16,934  

Net resources used in investing activities(2)

   (12,437  (15,809

Net resources used in financing activities(3)

   (3,901  (1,679

Dividends declared and paid

   (1,909  (1,459

(1)Expressed in millions of Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007.

(2)Includes property, plant and equipment, investment in shares and other assets.

 

(3)Includes dividends declared and paid.

2

FEMSA Units consist of FEMSA BD Units and FEMSA B Units. Each FEMSA BD Unit is comprised of one Series B share, two Series D-B shares and two Series D-L shares. Each FEMSA B Unit is comprised of five Series B shares. The number of FEMSA Units outstanding as of December 31, 2010 was 3,578,226,270, which is equivalent to the total number of FEMSA shares outstanding as of the same date, divided by five.

Our sub-holding companies generally incur short-term indebtedness in the event that they are temporarily unable to finance operations or meet any capital requirements with cash from operations. A significant decline in the business of any of our sub-holding companies may affect the sub-holding company’s ability to fund its capital requirements. A significant and prolonged deterioration in the economies in which we operate or in our businesses may affect our ability to obtain short-term and long-term credit or to refinance existing indebtedness on terms satisfactory to us.

We have financed significant acquisitions, principally Coca-Cola FEMSA’s acquisition of Coca-Cola Buenos Aires in 1994 and its acquisition of Panamco in May 2003 and our acquisition of the 30% interest in FEMSA Cerveza owned by affiliates of InBev in August 2004, capital expenditures and other capital requirements that could not be financed with cash from operations by incurring long-term indebtedness and through the issuance of equity.

Our consolidated total indebtedness as of December 31, 20082011, was Ps. 43,85829,604 million compared to Ps. 40,02925,506 million as of December 31, 2007.2010. Short-term debt (including maturities of long-term debt) and long-term debt were Ps. 11,6485,573 million and Ps. 32,21024,031 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2008,2011, as compared to Ps. 9,3643,303 million and Ps. 30,66522,203 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2007.2010. Cash and cash equivalents were Ps. 9,11026,329 million as of December 31, 2008,2011, as compared to Ps. 10,45627,097 million as of December 31, 2007.2010.

We believe that our sources of liquidity as of December 31, 20082011, were adequate for the conduct of our sub-holding companies’ businesses and that we will have sufficient fundsworking capital available to meet our expenditure demands and financing needs in 20092012 and in the following years.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Contractual Obligations

The table below sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008.2011.

 

  Maturity  Maturity 
  Less than 1
year
  1 - 3 years  3 - 5 years  In excess of
5 years
  Total  Less than
1 year
   1 - 3 years   3 - 5 years   In excess of
5 years
   Total 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos)  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Long-Term Debt

                    

Mexican pesos(1)

  Ps.1,909  Ps.7,325  Ps.13,232  Ps.6,909  Ps.29,375

Mexican pesos

   Ps.3,067     Ps.5,158     Ps.5,325     Ps.5,837     Ps.19,387  

Brazilian reais

   9     30     24     36     99  

Colombian pesos

   935     —       —       —       935  

U.S. dollars

   3,808   96   3,031   —     6,935   42     209     —       6,990     7,241  

Brazilian reais(2)

   72   —     —     —     72

Colombian Pesos

   —     905   —     —     905

Argentine pesos

   644     81     —       —       725  

Capital Leases

                    

Colombian pesos

   205     181     —       —       386  

Brazilian reais

   33     82     78     —       193  

Interest payments(1)

          

Mexican pesos

   1,042     1,690     781     795     4,309  

Brazilian reais

   22     28     9     4     62  

Colombian pesos

   53     10     —       —       63  

U.S. dollars

   11   15   —     —     26   326     647     646     1,023     2,642  

Interest payments(3)

          

Argentine pesos

   86     2     —       —       88  

Interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps(2)

          

Mexican pesos

   2,332   4,012   2,486   1,084   9,914   887     1,516     1,011     694     4,109  

Brazilian reais

   22     28     10     2     62  

Colombian pesos

   53     12     —       —       65  

U.S. dollars

   417   287   208   —     912   325     648     646     646     2,266  

Colombian Pesos

   140   140   —     —     280

Brazilian reais

   3   —     —     —     3

Interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps(4)

          

Mexican pesos

   420   782   536   611   2,349

Brazilian reais(2)

   14   —     —     —     14

Argentine pesos

   86     13     —       —       99  

Operating leases

                    

Mexican pesos

   1,458   2,673   2,336   6,403   12,870   2,370     4,380     3,914     11,324     21,988  

U.S. dollars

   1,140   161   99   206   1,606   113     210     873     —       1,196  

Brazilian reais

   74   98   —     —     172

Others

   203     187     18     —       408  

Commodity price contracts

                    

U.S. dollars

   4,185   4,145   425   —     8,755   427     327     —       —       754  

Purchase obligations

   464   —     —     —     464

Expected benefits to be paid for pension plans, seniority premiums, post-retirement medical benefits and severance indemnities

   712   1,014   963   2,694   5,383   579     759��    682     1,739     3,759  

Other long-term liabilities(5)

   203   406   203   5,743   6,555

Other long-term liabilities(3)

   —       —       —       4,760     4,760  

 

(1)Includes the effect of a cross currency swap, pursuant to which US$ 230.8 million denominated in U.S. dollars long-term debt is swapped for Mexican pesos in the amount of Ps. 2,429 million.

(2)Includes the effect of a cross currency swap, pursuant to which ¥ 777 million of denominated in Japanese yen long-term debt is swapped for Brazilian reais, in the amount of Ps. 120 million.

(3)Interest was calculated using long-term debt as of and interest rate amounts in effect on December 31, 20082011 without considering interest rate swaps agreements. The debt and applicable interest rates in effect are shown in noteNote 17 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars were translated to Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps. 13.538313.9787 per U.S. dollar,US$ 1.00, the exchange rate quoted to us by dealers for the settlement of obligations in foreign currencies on December 31, 2008.30, 2011.

 

(4)(2)Reflects the amount of future payments that we would be required to make. The amounts were calculated by applying the difference between the interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps and the nominal interest rates contracted to long-term debt as of December 31, 2008.2011, and the market value of the unhedged cross currency swaps.

 

(5)(3)Other long-term liabilities includesinclude contingent liabilities derivative financial instruments and others. Other long-term liabilities additionally reflects those liabilities whose maturity date is undefined and depends on a series of circumstances out of our control, therefore these liabilities have been considered to have a maturity of more than five years.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, Ps. 11,6485,573 million of our total consolidated indebtedness was short-term debt (including maturities of long-term debt).

As of December 31, 2008,2011, our consolidated average cost of borrowing, after giving effect to the cross currency and interest rate swaps, was approximately 9.4%6.3%, an increase of 0.70.5% percentage points compared to 8.7%5.8% in 2007.2010. As of December 31, 2008,2011, after giving effect to cross currency swaps, 77.0%approximately 63% of our total consolidated indebtedness was denominated and payable in Mexican pesos, 16.1%27% in U.S. dollars, 3.9%6% in Colombian pesos, 1.9%4% in Argentine pesos 0.9% in Venezuelan bolívares fuertes, and the remaining 0.2%1% in Brazilian reais.

Overview of Debt Instruments

The following table shows the allocations of total debt of our company as of December 31, 2008:2011:

 

  Total Debt Profile of the Company   Total Debt Profile of the Company 
  FEMSA
and others
 Coca-Cola
FEMSA
 FEMSA
Cerveza
 FEMSA
Comercio
  Total Debt   FEMSA
and Others
 Coca-Cola
FEMSA
 FEMSA
Comercio
   Total Debt 
  (in millions of constant Mexican pesos)   (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Short-term Debt

             

Mexican pesos:

       

Bank loans

   1,925    —      1,895   —     3,820  

Argentine pesos:

             

Bank loans

   —      816    —     —     816     Ps. —      Ps. 325    Ps. —       Ps. 325  

Colombian pesos

             

Bank loans

   —      798    —     —     798     —      295    —       295  

Venezuelan bolívares fuertes:

       

Bank loans

   —      365    —     —     365  

Mexican pesos

      

Capital leases

   —      18    —       18  

Long-term Debt(1)

             

Mexican pesos:

             

Notes(2)

   6,250    4,500    —     —     10,750  

Bank loans(3)

   1,712    4,550    7,242   —     13,504  

Units of Investment (UDI)

   2,692    —      —     —     2,692  

Bank loans

   —      4,550    —       4,550  

Units of Investment (UDIs)

   3,337    —      —       3,337  

Senior notes

   3,500    8,000    —       11,500  

U.S. dollars:

             

Yankee bond

   —      3,606    —     —     3,606  

Bank loans

   —      2,977    3,478   —     6,455     —      7,241    —       7,241  

Leasing

   —      26    —     —     26  

Brazilian reais:

      

Bank Loans

   —      81    —       81  

Capital leases

   193    18    —       211  

Colombian pesos:

             

Bank Loans

   —      905    —     —     905     —      935    —       935  

Brazilian reais(4):

       

Capital leases

   —      386    —       386  

Argentine pesos:

      

Bank Loans

   —      —      121   —     121     —      725    —       725  

Total

  Ps.12,579   Ps.18,543   Ps.12,736   —    Ps.43,858     Ps. 7,030    Ps. 22,574    —       Ps. 29,604  

Average Cost(5)(2)

             

Mexican pesos

   10.0  9.0  9.4 —     9.5   6.1  6.8  —       6.6

U.S. dollars

   —      5.5  4.2 —     5.4   —      4.3  —       4.3

Brazilian reais

   11.0  4.5  —       8.8

Argentine pesos

   —      19.6  —     —     19.6   —      17.3  —       17.3

Venezuelan bolívares fuertes

   —      22.2  —     —     22.2

Brazilian reais

   —      —      14.4 —     14.3

Colombian pesos

   —      15.2  —     —     15.2   —      6.4  —       6.4

TOTAL

   10.0  9.1  9.3 —     9.4

Total

   6.2  6.4  —       6.3

 

(1)Includes the Ps. 5,8494,395 million current portion of long-term debt.

 

(2)Includes Ps. 1,250 million from “FEMSA and others” guaranteed by FEMSA Cerveza.

(3)Amount from “FEMSA and others” is guaranteed by FEMSA Comercio.

(4)Includes the effect of cross currency swaps in the amount of Ps. 120 million from Japanese yen to Brazilian reais.

(5)Includes the effect of cross currency and interest rate swaps. Average cost is determined based on interest rates as of December 31, 2011.

Restrictions Imposed by Debt Instruments

Generally, the covenants contained in the credit agreements and other instruments governing indebtedness entered into by us or our sub-holding companies include limitations on the incurrence of any additional debt based

on debt service coverage ratios or leverage tests. These credit agreements also generally include restrictive covenants applicable to us, our sub-holding companies and their subsidiaries. There are no cross-guarantees between sub-holding companies, and

As of December 31, 2011, we have not provided guarantees with respect to any of the debt obligations of our sub-holding companies. FEMSA’s obligation of Ps. 1,250 million under itscertificados bursátilesis guaranteed by FEMSA Cerveza. Additionally, FEMSA’s obligation of Ps. 1,712 million is guaranteed by FEMSA Comercio. Certain of our financing instruments mentioned above are subject to either acceleration or repurchase at the lender’s or holder’s option if, in the case of FEMSA, the persons exercising control over FEMSA no longer exercise such control and, in the case of FEMSA Cerveza, FEMSA ceases to control FEMSA Cerveza.

We arewere in compliance with all of our restrictiveCoca-Cola FEMSA’s covenants. FEMSA was not subject to any financial covenants as of December 31, 2008.that date. A significant and prolonged deterioration in our consolidated results offrom operations could cause us to cease to be in compliance under certain indebtedness in the future. We can provide no assurances that we will be able to incur indebtedness or to refinance existing indebtedness on similar terms in the future.

Summary of Debt

The following is a summary of our indebtedness by sub-holding company and for FEMSA as of December 31, 2008:2011:

 

  

Coca-Cola FEMSA. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total indebtedness was Ps. 18,54322,574 million as of December 31, 2008,2011, as compared to Ps. 18,90417,351 million as of December 31, 2007.2010. Short-term debt (including the current portion of long-term debt) and long-term debt were Ps. 6,0955,540 million and Ps. 12,44817,034 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2008,2011, as compared to Ps. 4,8091,840 million and Ps. 14,09515,511 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. Cash2010. Total debt increased Ps. 5,223 million in 2011, compared to year-end 2010. In April 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA issued two series of Mexican peso-denominated bonds, in 5-year floating rate and cash equivalents comprised mainly10-year fixed rate tranches, in a principal amount of U.S. dollars, Mexican pesos, Venezuelan bolívares fuertes, Brazilian reais, Argentine pesos and Colombian pesos, representing 46%, 21%, 14%, 8%, 6% and 5%, respectively.Ps. 2,500 million each. Proceeds from such issuances were used for general corporate purposes, as well as to pay down existing debt. As of December 31, 2008,2011, cash and cash equivalents were Ps. 6,19212,331 million, as compared to Ps. 7,54212,534 million as of December 31, 2007. Approximately Ps. 391 million of cash is considered restricted cash because it has been deposited to settle accounts payable in Venezuela and in Brazil.2010. As of December 31, 2008,2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA had a working capital deficit (defined as the excess of current liabilities over current assets) of Ps. 3,341 million, reflecting the decrease inFEMSA’s cash and cash equivalents accounts receivablewere comprised of 47.0% U.S. dollars, 23.2% Mexican pesos, 13.4% Brazilian reais, 13.1% Venezuelan bolivars, 1.6% Colombian pesos and other assets.1.0% Argentine pesos.

As part of ourCoca-Cola FEMSA’s financing policy, we expectit expects to continue to finance ourits liquidity needs with cash from cash operations. Nonetheless, as a result of regulations in certain countries in which we operate,it operates, it may not be beneficial or, as the case of exchange controls in Venezuela, practicable for usCoca-Cola FEMSA to remit cash generated in local operations to fund cash requirements in other countries. Exchange controls like those in Venezuela may also increase the real price of remitting cash from operations to fund debt requirements in other countries. In addition, in the event that cash from operations in these countries is not sufficient to fund future working capital requirements and capital expenditures, weCoca-Cola FEMSA may decide, or be required, to fund cash requirements in these countries through local borrowings rather than remitting funds from another country. In addition, in the future weCoca-Cola FEMSA may be required to finance ourits working capital and capital expenditure needs with short-term or other borrowings.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s average cost of debt, based on interest rates as of December 31, 2011 and after giving effect to cross currency and interest rate swaps, was 5.5%4.3% in U.S. dollars, 9.0%6.8% in Mexican pesos, 15.2%6.4% in Colombian pesos, 22.2%4.5% in Venezuelan bolívares fuertesBrazilian reais and 19.6%17.3% in Argentine pesos as of December 31, 20082011, compared to 6.4%4.5% in U.S. dollars, 8.9%6.2% in Mexican pesos, 15.7%4.5% in Venezuelan bolívares fuertes,Colombian pesos, 4.5% in Brazilian reais and 11.0%16.0% in Argentine pesos as of December 31, 2007.2010.

 

  

FEMSA Cerveza. As of December 31, 2008, FEMSA Cerveza’sOn April 30, 2010, Heineken N.V. assumed the total outstanding debt was Ps. 12,736 million, which included Ps. 1,895 million of outstanding short-term trade and working capital loans. As of December 31, 2008, FEMSA Cerveza had Ps. 10,841 million of outstanding long-term debt consisting of bilateral bank loans and equipment financing loans. Cash and cash equivalents comprised of Mexican pesos, Brazilian reais, Euros and U.S. dollars, representing 64%, 18%, 12% and 6%, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, cash and cash equivalents were Ps. 936 million as compared to Ps. 1,435 million asCerveza. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—The Company—Corporate Background.”

of December 31, 2007. FEMSA Cerveza’s average cost of debt, after giving effect to interest rate swaps, as of December 31, 2008 was 9.4% in Mexican pesos, 4.2% in U.S. dollars and 14.4% in Brazilian reais.

 

  

FEMSA Comercio. As of December 31, 2008,2011, FEMSA Comercio doesdid not have outstanding debt.

  

FEMSA and other business. As of December 31, 2008,2011, FEMSA and the companies comprising our other business had total outstanding debt of Ps. 12,5797,030 million, which includes Ps. 1,925 million of outstanding short-term debt. As of December 31, 2008 outstanding long-term debt was Ps. 10,654 which consistedis comprised of Ps. 1,250 million ofcertificados bursátiles, which mature in July 2009 and are guaranteed by FEMSA Cerveza, and Ps. 5,0003,500 million ofcertificados bursátiles, which mature in May 2011, April 2013, and Ps. 2,6923,337 million ofunidades de inversión (inflation indexed units, or UDI)UDIs), which mature in DecemberNovember 2017, and Ps. 1,712193 million which mature in August 2010of financial leases with maturity dates between 2012 and are guaranteed by FEMSA Comercio.2016. FEMSA’s average cost of debt, after giving effect to interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps, as of December 31, 20082011, was 10.0%6.2% in Mexican pesos.

Contingencies

We have various loss contingencies, for which reserves have been recorded in those cases where we believe an unfavorable resolution is probable.probable and can be reasonably quantified. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.” Most of these loss contingencies were recorded in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s books as reserves as a result of Panamco and Kaiser acquisitions.acquisition. Any amounts required to be paid in connection with these loss contingencies would be required to be paid from available cash.

The following table presents the nature and amount of loss contingencies recorded as of December 31, 2008:2011:

 

   Loss Contingencies
As of December 31, 20082011
   (in millions of Mexican pesos)

TaxTaxes, primarily indirect taxes

  Ps.1,479Ps. 1,405

Legal

1,128

Labor

   1,010231

LegalTotal

   256
Ps. 2,764  

TOTAL

Ps.2,745

As is customary in Brazil, we have been asked by the tax authorities to collateralize tax contingencies currently in litigation in respectamounting to Ps. 2,418 million and of Ps. 2,5942,292 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, by pledging fixed assets or providing bank guarantees.

In connection with certain past business combinations, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been indemnified by the sellers for certain contingencies. The agreements in connection with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s recent mergers with the beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and entering into available lines of credit to cover such contingencies.Grupo CIMSA, respectively contain comparable indemnification provisions. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—The Company—Coca-Cola FEMSA—Recent Mergers and Acquisitions.”

We have other contingencies for which wethat, based on a legal assessment of their risk of loss, have not recordedbeen classified by our legal counsel as more than remote but less than probable. These contingencies have a reserve.financial impact that is disclosed as loss contingencies in the notes of the consolidated financial statements. These contingencies, or our assessment of them, may change in the future, and we may record reserves or be required to pay amounts in respect of these contingencies. As of December 31, 20082011, the aggregate amount of such contingencies for which we havehad not recorded a reserve was US$ 465Ps. 6,781 million. These contingencies have been classified as less than probable by our legal counsel.

Capital Expenditures

For the past five years, we have had significant capital expenditure programs, which for the most part were financed with cash from operations. Capital expenditures reached Ps. 14,23412,515 million in 20082011 compared to Ps. 11,25711,171 million in 2007,2010, an increase of 26.4%12.0%. This was primarily due to an increased investment in the beverage business unitscapacity-related investments at Coca-Cola FEMSA and incremental investments at FEMSA Comercio, mainly related to additional capacity and distribution assets, market-related investments and the accelerated expansion of store openings at FEMSA Comercio.expansion. The principal components of our capital expenditures have been for equipment, market-related investments and production capacity and distribution network expansion at both Coca-Cola FEMSA and the opening of new stores at FEMSA Cerveza.Comercio. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Capital Expenditures and Divestitures.”

Expected Capital Expenditures for 20092012

Our capital expenditure budget for 20092012 is expected to be approximately US$ 9311,100 million. The following discussion is based on each of our sub-holding companies’ internal 20092012 budgets. The capital expenditure plan for 20092012 is subject to change based on market and other conditions and the subsidiaries’ results offrom operations and financial resources.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures in 20092012 are expected to be approximately up to approximately US$ 320700 million. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditures in 20092012 are primarily intended for:

 

investmentinvestments in manufacturing lines;production capacity (primarily for one plant in Colombia and one in Brazil);

market investments (primarily for the placement of coolers);

 

returnable bottles and cases;

 

market investments (primarily for the placement of refrigeration equipment);improvements throughout its distribution network; and

 

improvements throughout distribution network

IT investments.investments in IT.

Coca-Cola FEMSA estimates that of its projected capital expenditures for 20092012, approximately 35.0% will be allocated 40% in respect offor its Mexican territories and 60% in respect ofthe remainder will be for its non-Mexican territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that internally generated funds will be sufficient to meet its budgetbudgeted capital expenditures for 2009.2012. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital expenditure plan for 20092012 may change based on market and other conditions and based on its results offrom operations and financial results.

FEMSA Cerveza’s capital expenditure budget for 2009 is expected to be approximately US$ 430 million. FEMSA Cerveza expects to allocate part of this budget for investments in marginal capacity expansions of its breweries and equipment modernization in Mexico and Brazil. FEMSA Cerveza also expects to apply a portion of this budget towards the improvement of its distribution assets, including new and replacement vehicles, the maintenance of a secondary distribution fleet and information technology systems. In addition, FEMSA Cerveza plans to invest in commercial and market-related activities such as the enhancement of its retail coverage, the development of long-term sponsorships and the placement of refrigeration equipment nationwide.resources.

FEMSA Comercio’s capital expenditure budget in 20092012 is expected to total approximately US$ 181350 million, and will be allocated to the opening of new OXXO stores and to a lesser extent to the refurbishing of existing OXXO stores and the investment in two new distribution centers. In addition, investments are planned in FEMSA Comercio’s information technology,IT, ERP software updates and transportation equipment.

Hedging Activities

Our business activities require the holding or issuing of derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to market risks related to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity risk and commodity price risk. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”

The following table provides a summary of the fair value of derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2008.2011. If such instruments are not traded in a formal market, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models we believe are supported by sufficient, reliable and verifiable market data, recognized in the financial sector.

 

   Fair Value At December 31, 2008 
   Maturity
less than 1
year
  Maturity 1 -
3 years
  Maturity 3 -
5 years
  Maturity in
excess of 5
years
  Fair Value
Asset
(Liability)
 
   (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Prices quoted by external sources

  (960 (1,625 (175 890  (1,870
Fair Value At December 31, 2011
Maturity
less than
1 year
Maturity 1 - 3 yearsMaturity 3 - 5 yearsMaturity in
excess of 5
years
Fair Value
Asset
(Liability)
(in millions of Mexican pesos)

Prices quoted by external sources

Ps. 457Ps. (229)Ps. (184)Ps. 860Ps. 903

Plan for the Disposal of Certain Fixed Assets

We have identified certain fixed assets consisting of land, buildings and equipment for disposal, and we have an approved program for disposal of these fixed assets. These assets are not in use and have been valued at their estimated net realizable value without exceeding their restated acquisition cost. These assets are allocated as follows:

 

  December31,  December 31, 
  2008  2007      2011           2010     
  (in millions of Mexican pesos)  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  Ps.394  Ps.94  Ps.79    Ps.1899  

FEMSA Cerveza

   291   311

FEMSA and other

   45   250

Other subsidiaries

   22     43  
        

 

   

 

 

Total

  Ps.730  Ps.655  Ps.101    Ps.2322  

In inflationary economic environments, fixed assets recorded at their estimated realizable value are considered monetary assets on which a loss on monetary position is computed and recorded in results of operation.

U.S. GAAP Reconciliation

The principal differences between Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS and U.S. GAAP that affect our net income and majority stockholders’ equity relate to the accounting treatment of the following items:

 

consolidation of our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA, which is a consolidated subsidiary for purposes of Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS but presented under the equity method for U.S. GAAP purposes;purposes up until January 31, 2010. As of February 1, 2010, we acquired control of Coca-Cola FEMSA through a business acquisition without any transfer of consideration under U.S. GAAP (see “Item 18. Financial Statements”);

discontinued operations of FEMSA Cerveza due to the disposal of FEMSA Cerveza, which was accounted for as discontinued operations for purposes of Mexican FRS, and considered to be a continuing operation due to significant involvement with the disposed operation and accounted for as a disposal of net assets under U.S. GAAP (see “Item 18. Financial Statements”);

subsequent accounting of our investment in Heineken under the equity method for purposes of Mexican FRS; for U.S. GAAP purposes our investment in Heineken has been recognized based on the cost method because it was unable to obtain the required information to reconcile Heineken’s net income from IFRS to U.S. GAAP (see “Item 18. Financial Statements”);

 

FEMSA’s minoritynon-controlling interest acquisition and sales;

 

deferred income taxes and deferred employee profit sharing;

 

restatementcapitalization of imported machinery and equipment up to 2007;comprehensive financing result;

 

capitalization of integral result of financing;

labor liabilities,employee benefits; and

 

start-up expenses.effects of inflation, as pursuant to Mexican FRS through 2007, our audited consolidated financial statements recognize certain effects of inflation in accordance with Bulletin B-10. As a result of discontinued inflationary accounting for subsidiaries that operate in non-inflationary environments, our financial statements are no longer considered to be presented in a reporting currency that comprehensively includes the effects of price level changes. Therefore, the inflationary effects of inflationary economic environments arising in 2009, 2010 and 2011 resulted in a difference to be reconciled for U.S. GAAP purposes, except for the inflation effects from our subsidiary in Venezuela. Venezuela is considered to be a hyperinflationary environment since 2010, and we have therefore applied the accommodation provided for in Item 17(c)(2)(iv)(B) of the instructions to Form 20-F, pursuant to which a U.S. GAAP reconciliation is not required if financial statements stated in the currency of a hyperinflationary economy are translated into the reporting currency in accordance with IAS 21, “Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates.” Because we apply NIF B-10, which complies with the indexation requirements of IAS 21 and IAS 29, “Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies,” we are eligible for such accommodation.

For a more detailed description of the differences between Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to us, as well as U.S. GAAP consolidated balance sheets, statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the same periods presented for Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS purposes, and afor the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, as well as reconciliation of net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity under Mexican Financial Reporting StandardsFRS to net income, comprehensive income and stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP, see notesNotes 26 and 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Pursuant to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards through 2007, our audited consolidated financial statements recognize certain effects of inflation in accordance with Bulletin B-10. These effects were not reversed in our U.S. GAAP financial information. Beginning in 2008, we discontinued inflationary accounting in accordance with NIF B-10 in non-inflationary economic environments.

Under U.S. GAAP, we had net income attributable to controlling interest of Ps. 6,85212,449 million and Ps. 8,55767,445 million in 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively. Under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards,FRS, we had net majoritycontrolling interest income of Ps. 6,70815,133 million and Ps. 8,51140,251 million in 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively. In 2008,2011, net income attributable to controlling interest under U.S. GAAP was higherlower than net majoritycontrolling income under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards,FRS, mainly as a resultdue to the elimination of income attributable to Heineken under U.S. GAAP, in accordance with the effect of deferred income taxes and deferred employee profit sharing.equity method, which was applied for Mexican FRS but not U.S. GAAP.

Stockholders’Controlling interest equity under U.S. GAAP as of December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 was Ps. 85,537182,644 million and Ps. 82,606163,641 million, respectively. Under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, majority stockholders’FRS, controlling interest equity as of December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 was Ps. 68,821133,580 million and Ps. 64,578117,348 million, respectively. The principal reasonsreason for the difference between controlling interest stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP and majority stockholders’controlling interest equity under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards wereFRS was the effectreconciliation effects of the goodwill generated byfair valuation of recognized regarding the minority interest acquisitions, deferred income tax, labor liabilities, deferred employee profit sharing and start-up expenses.Coca-Cola FEMSA acquisition in 2010 for U.S. GAAP purposes.

 

ITEM 6.DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

Directors

Management of our business is vested in the board of directors and in our chief executive officer. Our bylaws provide that the board of directors will consist of no more than 21 directors and their corresponding alternate directors elected by our shareholders at the annual ordinary general shareholders meeting.AGM. Directors are elected for a term of one year. Alternate directors are authorized to serve on the board of directors in place of their specific directors who are unable to attend meetings and may participate in the activities of the board of directors. Nineteen members form our board of directors. Our bylaws provide that the holders of the Series B Shares elect at least eleven directors and that the holders of the Series D Shares elect five directors. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws.”

In accordance with our bylaws and article 24 of the Mexican Securities Law, at least 25% of the members of our board of directors must be independent (as defined by the Mexican Securities Law).

The board of directors may appoint interim directors in the event that a director is absent or an elected director and corresponding alternate are unable to serve. Such interim directors shall serve until the next shareholders meeting,AGM, at which the shareholders shall elect a replacement.

Our bylaws provide that the board of directors shall meet at least once every 3three months. Actions by the board of directors must be approved by at least a majority of the directors present and voting. The chairman of the board of directors, the chairman of our audit or corporate practices committee, or at least 25% of our directors may call a board of directors’ meeting and include matters in the meeting agenda.

Our board of directors was elected at the AGM held on March 23, 2012, and currently consists of 17 directors and 15 alternate directors. The following table sets forth the current members of our board of directors:

Series “B”B Directors

 

José Antonio Fernández Carbajal

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA

  Born:  February 1954
Director and Chairman of the Board  

First elected

(Chairman):

  

2001

  

First elected

(Director):

  

1984

  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA

  Other directorships:  Chairman of the board of Coca-Cola FEMSA and Fundación FEMSA A.C., Vice-Chairman of the supervisory board of Heineken N.V. and member of the board of Heineken Holding N.V., Chairman of the board of Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C. (ITESM), and member of the boards of BBVA Bancomer, Bancomer, Industrias Peñoles, S.A.B. de C.V. (Peñoles), Grupo Industrial Bimbo, S.A.B. de C.V. (Bimbo), Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. (Televisa), Controladora Vuela Compañiaía de Aviación, S.A. de C.V. (Volaris) and Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V. (Cemex)US Mexico Foundation, and Co-chairman of the Advisory Board of Woodrow Wilson Center, Mexico Institute
  Business experience:  Joined FEMSA’s strategic planning department in 1987,1988, held managerial positions at FEMSA Cerveza’s commercial division and OXXO, was appointed Deputy Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA in 1991, and was appointed our Chief Executive Officer in 1995
  Education:  Holds a degree in industrial engineering and an MBA from ITESM
  Alternate director:  Federico Reyes García

Eva Garza Lagüera Gonda(1)

Director

  Born:  April 1958
Lagüera Gonda(1)  First elected:  1999
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Private investor
  Other directorshipsdirectorships:  Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola FEMSA, ITESM and Premio Eugenio Garza Sada
  Education:  Holds a degree in Communication Sciences from ITESM
  Alternate director:  PaulinaBárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda(2)
Bárbara

Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda (2)

Director

  Born:  December 1959March 1972
Lagüera Gonda (2)  First elected:  20022009
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Private investor
  Business experience:Other directorships:  Former President / Chief Executive OfficerMember of Alternativas Pacíficas, A.C., (a non-profit organization)the board of directors of Coca-Cola FEMSA
  Education:  Holds a business administration degree from ITESM
  Alternate director:  Enrique F. Senior HernándezOthón Páez Garza

José Fernando Calderón Rojas

Director

  Born:  July 1954
Calderón Rojas  First elected:  2005
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Chairman of the board of directors and Chief Executive Officer of Franca Servicios, S.A. de C.V., Servicios Administrativos de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V., Regio Franca, S.A. de C.V., and Franca Industrias, S.A. de C.V.
  Other directorships:  MemberChairman of the boards of Franca Servicios, S.A. de C.V., Franca Industrias, S.A. de C.V., Regio Franca, S.A. de C.V., and Servicios Administrativos de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V., and member of the boards of Bancomer and Alfa, S.A.B. de C.V. (Alfa)
  Education:  Holds a law degree from the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) and completed specialization studies in tax at UANL
  Alternate director:  Francisco José Calderón Rojas(3)

Consuelo Garza

de Garza

Director

  Born:  October 1930
Garza  First elected:  1995
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Business experience:  Founder and former President of Asociación Nacional Pro-Superación Personal, (a non-profit organization)
  Alternate director:  Alfonso Garza Garza(4)

Max Michel Suberville

Director

  Born:  July 1932
Suberville  First elected:  1985
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Private Investor

  Other directorships:  Co-chairman of the equity committee of El Puerto de Liverpool, S.A.B. de C.V. (Liverpool). Member of the boards of Coca-Cola FEMSA, Peñoles, Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A.S.A.B. (GNP), Grupo Profuturo, S.A. de C.V. (Profuturo), Grupo GNP Pensiones, S.A. de C.V. y AfinazadoraAfianzadora Sofimex, S.A.
  Education:  Holds a graduate degree from The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and completed post-graduate studies at Harvard University
  Alternate director:  Max Michel González(5)

Alberto Bailleres González

Director

  Born:  August 1931
Director  First elected:  19951989
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Chairman of the boards of directors of Grupo BAL, S.A. de C.V. Peñoles, GNP, Fresnillo plc, Grupo Palacio de Hierro, S.A.B. de C.V., Profuturo Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México and director of Valores Mexicanos Casa de Bolsa, S.A. de C.V., and Chairman of the Governance Board of Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México.
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of directors of BBVA Bancomer, Bancomer, BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., Dine, S.A.B. de C.V. (formerly Grupo Desc) (Dine), Televisa, Grupo Kuo, S.A.B. de C.V. (formerly Grupo Desc) (Kuo)., and member of the advisory board of JP Morgan International Council
  Education:  Holds an economics degree and an Honorary Doctorate both from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México
  Alternate director:  Arturo Fernández Pérez

Francisco Javier Fernández Carbajal(6)

Director

  Born:  April 1955
Fernández Carbajal(6)  First elected:  2005
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Private business consultant and Private InvestorChief Executive Officer of Servicios Administrativos Contry, S.A. de C.V.
  Other directorships:  Chairman of the boards of directors of Primero Fianzas, S.A. (Primero Fianzas), Primero Seguros, S.A. and Primero Seguros Vida, S.A. Memberand member of the boards of directors of Visa, Inc., Grupo Aeroportuario del Pacífico, S.A.B. de C.V., Alfa, Liverpool, Cemex, S.A.B. de C.V., Frisa Forjados, S.A. de C.V., Corporación EG, S.A. de C.V. and Fresnillo, Ltd.Plc.
  Education:  Holds degrees in mechanical and electrical engineering from ITESM and an MBA from Harvard Business School
  Alternate director:  Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines

Ricardo Guajardo Touché

Director

  Born:  May 1948
Touché  First elected:  1988
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Former Chairman of the Boardboard of BBVA Bancomerdirectors of Solfi, S.A.
  Other directorships:  Member of the Boardboards of directors of Grupo Valores Monterrey, Liverpool, Alfa, BBVA Bancomer, Grupo Aeroportuario del Sureste, S.A. de C.V. (ASUR), Grupo Industrial Bimbo, S.A.B. de C.V. (Bimbo), Bancomer, Grupo Coppel and Coca-Cola FEMSA.
Business experience:Has held senior executive positions in our company, Grupo AXA, S.A. de C.V. and Valores de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V.FEMSA
  Education:  Holds degrees in electrical engineering from ITESM and the University of Wisconsin and a mastersmaster’s degree from the University of California at Berkeley
  Alternate director:  Othón Páez GarzaAlfonso González Migoya

Alfredo Livas Cantú

Director

  Born:  July 1951
Director  First elected:  1995
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  PresidentChairman of Praxis Financiera, S.C.the board of directors of Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A.B. de C.V.
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of directors of Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A.B.Senda Autotransporte, S.A. de C.V., British American Tobacco (Mexican board)Grupo Acosta Verde, S.A. de C.V., Nacional Monte de Piedad, I.A.P., Primero Fianzas, Grupo Christus MuguerzaEvox, and Grupo Financiero Banorte S.A.B. de C.V. (alternate)

Business experience:Joined FEMSA in 1978, Grupo Proeza, S.A. de C.V. and held several positions in the areas of financial planning and treasury and served as Chief Financial Officer from 1989 to 1999Grupo Christus Muguerza
  Education:  Holds an economics degree from UANL and an MBA and masters degree in economics from the University of Texas
  Alternate Director:  Sergio Deschamps Ebergenyi
Roberto Servitje SendraBorn:January 1928

Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda(2)

Director

First elected:1995
Term expires:2010
Principal occupation:Chairman of the board of Bimbo
Other directorships:Member of the boards of Chrysler de México, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Altex, S.A. de C.V. and ASUR
Business experience:Founding member and active chairman of Bimbo
Education:Holds a PMD degree from Harvard University
Alternate director:Juan Guichard Michel(7)
Carlos SalgueroBorn:October 1929
DirectorFirst elected:1995
Term expires:2010
Business experience:Chairman of the board of Salguero Holdings BVI and Salguero Hotels Chile; and Partner of Salguero Hotels AR
Other directorships:Member of the boards of Hotel Esencia in Mexico, City Net, S.A., Retail Media, S.L., Mazarron Beach in Spain and Stratek Plastic Ltd in Ireland
Education:Holds a business degree from the Columbian Faculty of Economic Sciences, postgraduate studies in economics and management from Albany Business College and University College (Syracuse) and received an Honor for Civil Merit by H.M. the King of Spain in 1995
Alternate director:Alfonso González Migoya
Mariana Garza

  Born:  April 1970
Lagüera Gonda(2)  First elected:  20052001
Director  Term expires:  20102013
Business experience:Principal occupation:  Private Investor
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola FEMSA, Hospital San José Tec de Monterrey and Museo de Historia Mexicana
  Education:  Holds a business administration degree in Industrial Engineering from ITESM and a Master of International Management from the Thunderbird American Graduate School of International Management.Management
  Alternate director:  Carlos Salazar LomelínJuan Guichard Michel(7)

José Manuel

Canal Hernando

Director

  Born:  February 1940
Director  First elected:  2003
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Private consultant
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola FEMSA, Banco Compartamos, S.A., ALSEA,Kuo, Consorcio Comex, Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A.B. de C.V., Kuo, Dine, Consorcio ComexGrupo Acir, S.A. de C.V., Satelites Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. and Grupo Proa.
Business experience:Former managing partner at Ruiz, Urquiza y Cía, S.C. from 1981 to 1999, acted as our statutory examiner from 1984 to 2002, presided in the Committee of Surveillance of the Mexican Institute of Finance Executives, has participated in several commissions at the Mexican Institute of Public Accountants and has extensive experience in financial auditing for holding companies, banks and financial brokersDiagnóstico Proa, S.A. de C.V.
  Education:  Holds a CPA degree from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  Alternate director:  Ricardo Saldívar Escajadillo

Series “D”D Directors    

Armando Garza Sada

Director

  Born:  June 1957
Director  First elected:  20062003
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Vice-chairmanChairman of the board of directors and Executive Vice-President of Corporate Development of Alfa.Alfa
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of Directorsdirectors of Alfa, Grupo Gigante, S.A. de C.V., Liverpool, Grupo Lamosa S.A.B. de C.V., Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V., MVS Comunicaciones, S.A. de C.V,C.V., ITESM, Frisa Forjados, S.A. de C.V. and CYDSA, S.A.B. de C.V.
  Business experience:  He has a long professional career in Alfa, including Executive Vice-President of Corporate Development
  Education:  Holds a degreeB.S. in industrial engineeringManagement from ITESMthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology and aan MBA from Stanford University
  Alternate director:  Eduardo Padilla SilvaEnrique F. Senior Hernández
Alexis E. Rovzar de

Moisés Naim

Director

  Born:  July 19511952
la Torre  First elected:  19892011
Director  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Executive Partner at White & Case, S.C. law firm
Other directorships:MemberSenior Associate of the boards of Coca-Cola FEMSA (chairman of its audit committee), Bimbo, Bank of Nova Scotia, and Grupo ACIR, S.A. de C.V.Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
  Business experience:  ExpertFormer Editor in private and public mergers and acquisitions as well as other aspectsChief of financial law and has been advisor to many companies on international business and joint venture transactionsthe Washington Post Co.
  Education:  Holds a law degree from the Universidad Nacional AutónomaMetropolitana de MéxicoVenezuela and a Master of Science and PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  Alternate director:  Francisco Zambrano Rodríguez

Helmut Paul

Director

  Born:  March 1940
Director  First elected:  1988
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  OwnerMember of H. Paul & Company LLC (a corporate finance advisory firm)the Advisory Council of Zurich Financial Services
  Other directorships:  Member of the boardsboard of Zurich Emerging Markets Solutions anddirectors of Coca-Cola FEMSA.FEMSA
  Business experience:  Senior advisor ofAdvisor at Darby Overseas Investment, Ltd.
  Education:  Holds an MBA from the University of Hamburg
  Alternate director:  Antonio Elosúa MuguerzaErnesto Cruz Velázquez de León

Lorenzo H. Zambrano

Michael Larson

Director

  Born:  March 1944October 1959
Director  First elected:  19952011
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Chairman and Chief ExecutiveInvestment Officer of Cemex.William H. Gates III
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of IBM Corporation, Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V.directors of AutoNation, Inc, Republic Services, Inc, Ecolab, Inc., Cavemont and Televisa, and chairman of the board of trustees of Western Asset/Claymore Inflation-Linked Securities & Income Fund and Western Asset/Claymore Inflation-Linked Opportunities & Income Fund
Business experience:Former member of Citigroup’s International Advisory Board.the boards of directors of Pan American Silver, Corp. and Hamilton Lane Advisors
  Education:  Holds a degree in mechanical engineering and administration from ITESM and an MBA from Stanfordthe University
Alternate director:Francisco Garza Zambrano of Chicago and a BA from Claremont Men’s College

Robert E. Denham

Director

  Born:  August 1945
Director  First elected:  2001
  Term expires:  20102013
  Principal occupation:  Partner of Munger, Tolles & Olson LLP law firm
  Other directorships:  Member of the boards of Wesco Financial Corporation,directors of New York Times Co., Oaktree Capital Group, LLC, UGL Limited and Chevron Corp.
Business experience:Former Chief Executive Officer of Salomon Inc., representative to the APEC Business Advisory Council and member of the OECD Business Sector Advisory Group on Corporate Governance
  Education:  Magna cum laude graduate from the University of Texas, holds a JD from Harvard Law School and a masters degreean M.A. in Government from Harvard UniversityUniversity.
Alternate director:José González Ornelas

 

(1)Wife of José Antonio Fernández Carbajal.

 

(2)Sister-in-law of José Antonio Fernández Carbajal.

 

(3)Brother of José Calderón Rojas.

 

(4)Son of Consuelo Garza de Garza.

 

(5)Son of Max Michel Suberville.

 

(6)Brother of José Antonio Fernández Carbajal.

 

(7)Nephew of Max Michel Suberville.

Senior Management

The names and positions of the members of our current senior management and that of our principal sub-holding companies, their dates of birth and information on their principal business activities both within and outside of FEMSA are as follows:

FEMSA

 

FEMSA

José Antonio

Fernández Carbajal

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA

  

See “—Directors.”

Joined FEMSA:

1997

Chief Executive Officer

Appointed to current position:

  

1997

1987

1994

Javier Gerardo Astaburuaga Sanjines

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

July 1959

1982

Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice-President of Finance and Strategic Development

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current

position:

2006

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

July 1959

1982

2006

Joined FEMSA as a financial information analyst and later acquired experience in corporate development, administration and finance, held various senior positions at FEMSA Cerveza between 1993 and 2001, including Chief Financial Officer, and for two years was FEMSA Cerveza’s Director of Sales for the north region of Mexico until 2003, in which year he was appointed FEMSA Cerveza’s Co-Chief Executive Officer-Operations.Officer

Directorships:Member of the board of Coca-Cola FEMSA and member of the Supervisory Board of directors of Heineken N.V.
  Education:  Holds a CPA degree from ITESM.ITESM

Federico Reyes García

Executive Vice-President of Corporate Development of FEMSA

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

September 1945

1992

2006

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

September 1945

1999

2006

DirectorExecutive Vice-President of Corporate Development from 1992 to 1993, and Chief Financial Officer from 1999 until 2006.2006

  Other business experience:Directorships:  Served as DirectorMember of Corporate Staff at Grupo AXAthe boards of Coca-Cola FEMSA and has extensive experience in the insurance sector, working eight years in Valores de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V., six of them as Chief Executive OfficerOptima Energía
  Education:  

Holds a degree in business and finance from ITESM

José González Ornelas

Executive Vice PresidentVice-President of Administration and OperativeCorporate Control of FEMSA

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

April 1951

1973

 

2001

Business experience

within FEMSA:

Has held several managerial positions in FEMSA including Chief Financial Officer of FEMSA Cerveza, Director of Planning and Corporate Development of FEMSA and Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Logística, S.A. de C.V.

Directorships:Member of the board of directors of Productora de Papel, S.A.
  Education:  Holds a CPA degree from UANL and has post-graduate studies in business administration from the Instituto Panamericano de Alta Dirección de Empresa (IPADE)

Alfonso Garza Garza

Executive Vice PresidentVice-President of Human Resources and Strategic Procurement, Business Processes, and ITInformation Technology

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position: Directorships:

  

July 1962

1985

 

2005

Member of the board of Coca-Cola FEMSA and Hospital San José Tec de Monterrey2009

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  Business experience within FEMSA:

Has experience in several FEMSA business units and departments, including domestic sales, international sales, procurement and marketing, mainly at Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, S.A. de C.VFEMSA Cerveza and as Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Empaques, S.A. de C.V.

Directorships:Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola FEMSA, ITESM and Nutec, S.A. de C.V., vice chairman of the communications council of Confederación Patronal de la República Mexicana, S.P. (COPARMEX) and chairman of COPARMEX Nuevo León
  Education:  Holds a degree in Industrial Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from IPADE

Genaro Borrego Estrada

DirectorVice-President of

Corporate Affairs

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

  

February 1949

2007

2007

  Professional Experience:experience:  

Constitutional Governor of the Mexican State of Zacatecas from 1986 to 1992, General Director of the Mexican Social Security Institute from 1993 to 2000, and Senator in Mexico for the State of Zacatecas from 2000 to 2006.2006

Directorships:Member of the board of TANE, S.A. de C.V.
  Education:  Holds a bachelor’s degree in International Relations from the Universidad Iberoamericana.Iberoamericana

Carlos Aldrete

Ancira

General Counsel and Secretary of the Board of Directors

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

Directorships:

  

August 1956

1979

 

1996

Directorships:Secretary of the Boardboard of directors of FEMSA and secretary of the board of directors of all of the sub-holding companies

of FEMSA
  

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

Extensive experience in international business and financial transactions, debt issuances and corporate restructurings and expertise in securities and private mergers and acquisitions law

  Education:  Holds a law degree from the UANL and a masters degree in Comparative Law from the College of Law of the University of Illinois
FEMSA Cerveza

Jorge Luis Ramos Santos

Chief Executive Officer

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

Business experience

within FEMSA:

December 1952

1996

2006

Director of Human Resources of FEMSA Cerveza from 1996 until 2000 and Director of Sales for the south region from 2000 until 2003. He acted as Co-Chief Executive Officer-Sales of Femsa Cerveza from 2003 until his appointment to his current position

Education:Holds a bachelor’s degree from ITESM and an MBA from the Wharton Business School.
Coca-Cola FEMSA    

Carlos Salazar Lomelín

Chief Executive Officer of Coca-Cola FEMSA

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

April 1951

1973

2000

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

April 1951

1973

2000

Has held managerial positions in several subsidiaries of FEMSA, including Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V. and Plásticos Técnicos Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V., served as Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Cerveza, where he also held various management positions in the Commercial Planning and Export divisions

  Directorships:Member of the boards of Coca-Cola FEMSA, BBVA Bancomer, AFORE Bancomer, S.A. de C.V., Seguros Bancomer, S.A. de C.V., member of the advisory board of Premio Eugenio Garza Sada, Centro Internacional de Negocios Monterrey A.C. (CINTERMEX), Apex and the ITESM’s EGADE Business School
Education:  Holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from ITESM, and performed postgraduate studies in business administration at ITESM and economic development in Italy

Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez

Chief Financial Officer

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

  

August 1956

1981

1993

  

Business experience

within FEMSA:

  

Has held managerial positions in the international financing, financial planning, strategic planning and corporate development areas of FEMSA

Directorships:Member of the boards of SIEFORES, Insurance and Pensions of BBVA Bancomer and Vinte Viviendas Integrales, S.A.P.I. de C.V., and member of the Technical Committee of Capital-3
  Education:  Holds a degree in chemical engineering from ITESM and an MBA from the Wharton Business School

FEMSA Comercio    

Eduardo Padilla Silva

Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Comercio

  

Born:

Joined FEMSA:

Appointed to current position:

  

January 1955

1997

2003

2004

  Business experience within FEMSA:  

Director of Planning and Control of FEMSA from 1997 to 20001999 and Chief Executive Officer of the Strategic Procurement Business Division of FEMSA from 2000 until 2003

  Other business experience:  

Had a 20-year career in Alfa, culminating with a ten-year tenure as Chief Executive Officer of Terza, S.A. de C.V., major areas of expertise include operational control, strategic planning and financial restructuring

Directorships:Member of the boards of Grupo Lamosa, S.A. de C.V., Club Industrial , A.C., Asociación Nacional de Tiendas de Autoservicios y Departamentales, A.C. and NACS, and alternate member of the board of Coca-Cola FEMSA
  Education:  Holds a degree in mechanical engineering from ITESM, and an MBA from Cornell University and a Masters degree from IPADE

Compensation of Directors and Senior Management

The compensation of Directors is approved at the annual ordinary general shareholders meeting.AGM. For the year ended December 31, 2008,2011, the aggregate compensation paid to our directors was approximately Ps. 6.813.5 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2008,2011, the aggregate compensation paid to executive officers and senior management of FEMSA and its subsidiaries was approximately Ps. 1,3481,279 million. Aggregate compensation includes bonuses we paid to certain members of senior management and payments in connection with the EVA stock incentive plan described below.in Note 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements. Our senior management and executive officers participate in our benefit plan and post-retirement medical services plan on the same basis as our other employees. Members of our board of directors do not participate in our benefit plan and post-retirement medical services plan, unless they are retired employees of our company. As of December 31, 2008,2011, amounts set aside or accrued for all employees under these retirement plans were Ps. 7,4634,403 million, of which Ps. 2,7521,991 million is already funded.

EVA Stock Incentive Plan

In 2004, we, along with our subsidiaries, commenced a new stock incentive plan for the benefit of our executive officers, which we refer to as the EVA stock incentive plan. This plan replaced the stock incentive plan described above and was developed using as the main metric for the first three years of the plan for evaluation the Economic Value Added, or EVA, framework developed by Stern Stewart & Co., a compensation consulting firm. Under the EVA stock incentive plan, eligible executive officers are entitled to receive a special cash bonus, which will be used to purchase shares.

Under this plan, each year, our Chief Executive Officer in conjunction with our board of directors, together with the chief executive officer of the respective sub-holding company, determines the amount of the special cash bonus used to purchase shares. This amount is determined based on each executive officer’s level of responsibility and based on the EVA generated by Coca-Cola FEMSA or FEMSA, as applicable.

The shares are administrated by a trust for the benefit of the selected executive officers. Under the EVA stock incentive plan, each time a special bonus is assigned to an executive officer, the executive officer contributes the special bonus received to the administrative trust. Pursuant to the plan, the administrative trust acquires BD Units of FEMSA or, in the case of officers of Coca-Cola FEMSA, a specified proportion of publicly traded local shares of FEMSA and Series L Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA on the Mexican Stock Exchange using the special bonus contributed by each executive officer. The ownership of the publicly traded local shares of FEMSA and, in the case of Coca-Cola FEMSA executives, the Series L Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA vests at a rate per year equivalent to 20% of the number of publicly traded local shares of FEMSA and Series L Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

As of May 29, 2009,March 30, 2012, the trust that manages the EVA stock incentive plan holdsheld a total of 12,069,9298,757,485 BD Units of FEMSA and 3,093,6242,606,007 Series L Shares of Coca-Cola FEMSA, each representing 0.06%0.24% and 0.16%0.13% of the total number of shares outstanding of FEMSA and of Coca-Cola FEMSA, respectively.

Insurance Policies

We maintain life insurance policies for all of our employees. These policies mitigate the risk of having to pay death benefits in the event of an industrial accident. We maintain a directorsdirectors’ and officers’ insurance policy covering all directors and certain key executive officers for liabilities incurred in their capacities as directors and officers.

Ownership by Management

Several of our directors are participants of a voting trust. Each of the trust participants of the voting trust is deemed to have beneficial ownership with shared voting power over the shares deposited in the voting trust. As of May 29, 2009,March 23, 2012, 6,922,159,485 Series B Shares representing 74.86% of the outstanding Series B Shares were deposited in the voting trust. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”

The following table shows the Series B Shares, Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares as of May 29, 2009April 15, 2012 beneficially owned by our directors who are participants in the voting trust, other than the shares deposited in the voting trust:

 

  Series B Series D-B Series D-L  Series B Series D-B Series D-L 

Beneficial Owner

  Shares  Percent of
Class
 Shares  Percent of
Class
 Shares  Percent of
Class
  Shares   Percent of
Class
 Shares   Percent of
Class
 Shares   Percent of
Class
 

Eva Garza Lagüera Gonda

  2,665,480  0.03% 5,330,960  0.12% 5,330,960  0.12%   2,665,844     0.03  5,331,688     0.12  5,331,688     0.12

Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda

  2,665,480  0.03% 5,330,960  0.12% 5,330,960  0.12%   2,944,090     0.03  5,888,180     0.12  5,888,180     0.12

Barbara Garza Lagüera Gonda

  2,665,480  0.03% 5,330,960  0.12% 5,330,960  0.12%   2,665,480     0.03  5,330,960     0.12  5,330,960     0.12

Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda

  2,665,480  0.03% 5,330,960  0.12% 5,330,960  0.12%   2,665,480     0.03  5,330,960     0.12  5,330,960     0.12

Consuelo Garza de Garza

  69,401,775  0.75% 12,574,950  0.29% 12,574,950  0.29%   69,488,677     0.75  12,886,904     0.29  12,886,904     0.29

Alberto Bailleres

  8,658,381  0.09% 11,129,112  0.26% 11,129,112  0.26%

Juan Guichard Michel

  366,430  —   0  0.00% 0  0.00%

Alberto Bailleres González

   9,475,196     0.10  11,664,112     0.26  11,664,112     0.26

Alfonso Garza Garza

  181,353  —   324,306  0.01% 324,306  0.01%   714,995     —      1,381,590     0.03  1,381,590     0.03

Max Michel Suberville

   17,379,630     0.19  34,759,260     0.80  34,759,260     0.80

To our knowledge, no other director or officer is the beneficial owner of more than 1% of any class of our capital stock.

Board Practices

Our bylaws state that the board of directors will meet at least once every three months following the end of each quarter to discuss our operating results and the advancement in the achievement of strategic objectives. Our board of directors can also hold extraordinary meetings. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Bylaws.”

Under our bylaws, directors serve one-year terms although they continue in office even after the term for which they were appointed ends for up to 30 calendar days, as set forth in article 24 of Mexican Securities Law. None of our directors or senior managers of our subsidiaries has service contracts providing for benefits upon termination of employment, other than post-retirement medical services plans and post-retirement pension plans for our senior managers on the same basis as our other employees.

Our board of directors is supported by committees, which are working groups that analyze issues and provide recommendations to the board of directors regarding their respective areas of focus. The executive officers interact periodically with the committees to address management issues. Each committee has a secretary who attends meetings but is not a member of the committee. The following are the three committees of the board of directors:

 

  

Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is responsible for (1) reviewing the accuracy and integrity of quarterly and annual financial statements in accordance with accounting, internal control and auditing requirements, (2) for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the independent auditor, who reports directly to the Audit Committee (3) reviewing related party transactions other than in the ordinary course of our business and (4)(3) identifying and following-up on contingencies and legal proceedings. The Audit Committee has implemented procedures for receiving, retaining and addressing complaints regarding accounting, internal control and auditing matters, including the submission of confidential, anonymous complaints from employees regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters. To carry out its duties, the Audit Committee may hire independent counsel and other advisors. As necessary, the company compensates the independent auditor and any outside advisor hired by the Audit Committee and provides funding for ordinary administrative expenses incurred by the Audit Committee in the course of its duties. The current Audit Committee members are: Alexis E. Rovzar de la Torre (Chairman), José Manuel Canal Hernando (Financial(Chairman and Financial Expert), Francisco Zambrano Rodríguez, Ernesto Cruz Velázquez de León and Alfonso González Migoya. Each member of the audit committeeAudit Committee is an independent director, as required by the Mexican Securities Law and applicable New York Stock ExchangeNYSE listing standards. The Secretary of the Audit Committee is José González Ornelas, head of FEMSA’s internal audit department.

 

  

The Finance and Planning Committee. ResponsibilitiesThe Finance and Planning Committee’s responsibilities include (1) evaluating the investment and financing policies proposed by the Chief Executive Officer; and (2) evaluating risk factors to which the corporation is exposed, as well as evaluating its management policies. The current Finance and Planning Committee members are: Ricardo Guajardo Touché (chairman), Federico Reyes García, Robert E. Denham, Francisco Javier FernandezFernández Carbajal and Alfredo Livas Cantú. Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines is the appointed secretary of this committee.

 

  

Corporate Practices Committee. The Corporate Practices Committee is responsible for preventing or reducing the risk of performing operations that could damage the value of our company or that benefit a particular group of shareholders. The committee may call a shareholders’ meeting and include matters on the agenda for that meeting that it may deem appropriate, approve policies on the use of our company’s assets or related party transactions, approve the compensation of the chief executive officer and relevant officers and support our board of directors in the elaboration of reports on accounting practices. The chairman of the Corporate Practices Committee is Lorenzo H. Zambrano.Helmut Paul. The additional members include: Carlos Salgueroare: Robert E. Denham and Helmut Paul.Ricardo Saldívar Escajadillo. Each member of the Corporate Practices Committee is an independent director, as required by the Mexican Securities Law. The Secretary of the Corporate Practices Committee is Alfonso Garza Garza.

Employees

As of December 31, 2008,2011, our headcount by geographic region was as follows: 82,350134,985 in Mexico, 5,3525,874 in Central America, 8,0018,929 in Colombia, 8,0748,431 in Venezuela, 15,65515,229 in Brazil and 3,5494,022 in Argentina. We include in headcount employees of third partythird-party distributors who we do not consider to be ourand non-management store employees. The table below sets forth headcount for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006:2009:

Headcount for the Year Ended December 31,(1)

 

  Headcount for the Year Ended December 31,
  2008     2007  2006  2011   2010   2009 
  Non-Union  Union  Total  Non-Union  Union  Non-Union  Union  Non-Union   Union   Total   Non-Union   Union   Non-Union   Union 

Sub-holding company

                            

Coca-Cola FEMSA(1)

  34,773  30,248  65,021  32,657  25,465  31,695  24,987

FEMSA Cerveza

  15,181  10,844  26,025  13,751  10,708  13,426  10,570

FEMSA Comercio(2)

  4,919  16,342  21,261  4,488  11,336  4,072  7,380

Coca-Cola FEMSA(2)

   41,462     37,517     78,979     35,364     33,085     35,734     31,692  

FEMSA Comercio(3)

   56,914     26,906     83,820     51,919     21,182     43,142     17,760  

Other

  6,186  4,488  10,674  2,661  3,954  1,978  3,662   8,043     6,628     14,671     6,270     5,989     6,592     4,947  
                       

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  61,059  61,922  122,981  53,557  51,463  51,171  46,599   106,419     71,051     177,470     93,553     60,256     85,468     54,399  
                       

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

(1)As of April 30, 2010, FEMSA no longer controls FEMSA Cerveza. As a result, employee headcount of FEMSA Cerveza as of December 31, 2009, is not included for comparability purposes.

(2)Includes employees of third partythird-party distributors whowhom we do not consider to be our employees, of 18,068, 16,089amounting to 18,143, 17,347 and 16,10417,393 in 2008, 2007,2011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

 

(2)(3)Does not includeIncludes non-management store employees, who are employed directly by each individual store.whom we do not consider to be our employees, amounting to 48,801, 44,625 and 37,429 in 2011, 2010 and 2009 respectively.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, our subsidiaries had entered into 445302 collective bargaining or similar agreements with personnel employed at our operations. Each of the labor unions in Mexico is associated with one of 8eight different national Mexican labor organizations. In general, we have a good relationship with the labor unions throughout our operations, except for in Colombia, Venezuela and Venezuela,Guatemala which are or have been the subject of significant labor-related litigation. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Coca-Cola FEMSA.” The agreements applicable to our Mexican operations generally have an indefinite term and provide for an annual salary review and for review of other terms and conditions, such as fringe benefits, every two years.

The table below sets forth the number of collective bargaining agreements and unions for our employees:

Collective Bargaining Labor Agreements Between

Sub-holding Companies and Unions

As of December 31, 20082011

 

Sub-holding Company

  Collective
Bargaining
Agreements
  Labor
Unions
  Collective
Bargaining
Agreements
   Labor Unions 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  106  48   117     67  

FEMSA Cerveza

  177  18

FEMSA Comercio(1)

  79  4   104     4  

Others

  83  8   81     11  
      

Total

  445  78   302     82  

 

(1)Does not include non-management store employees, who are employed directly by each individual store.

ITEM 7.MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Major Shareholders

The following table identifies each owner of more than 5% of any class of our shares known to the company as of May 29, 2009.March 23, 2012. Except as described below, we are not aware of any holder of more than 5% of any class of our shares. Only the Series B Shares have full voting rights under our bylaws.

Ownership of Capital Stock as of May 29, 2009March 23, 2012

 

  Series B Shares(1)  Series D-B Shares(2)  Series D-L Shares(3)    Total Shares
of FEMSA
Common
Stock
  Series B Shares(1) Series D-B Shares(2) Series D-L Shares(3) Total Shares
of FEMSA
CapitalStock
 
  Shares
Owned
    Percent  
of Class
  Shares
  Owned  
    Percent  
of Class
    Shares  
Owned
    Percent  
of Class
    Shares Owned   Percent
of Class
 Shares Owned   Percent
of Class
 Shares Owned   Percent
of Class
 

Shareholder

                         

Technical Committee and Trust Participants under the Voting Trust(4)

  6,922,159,485  74.86%  0  0.00%  0  0.00%  38.69%   6,922,159,485     74.86  —       0  —       0  38.69

William H. Gates III(5)

  233,195,100  2.5%  466,390,200  10.8%  466,390,200  10.8%  6.5%   281,053,490     3.04  562,106,980     13.00  562,106,980     13.00  7.85

Aberdeen Asset Management PLC(6)

   271,902,190     2.95  543,804,380     12.58  543,804,380     12.58  7.60

 

(1)As of May 29, 2009,March 23, 2012, there were 9,246,420,270 Series B Shares outstanding.

 

(2)As of May 29, 2009,March 23, 2012, there were 4,322,355,540 Series D-B Shares outstanding.

 

(3)As of May 29, 2009,March 23, 2012, there were 4,322,355,540 Series D-L Shares outstanding.

 

(4)As a consequence of the voting trust’s internal procedures, the following trust participants are deemed to have beneficial ownership with shared voting power over those same deposited shares: BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/25078-7 (controlled by Max Michel Suberville), J.P. Morgan (Suisse), S.A., as Trustee under a trust controlled by Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda, Bárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda, Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda, Eva Gonda Rivera, Eva Maria Garza Lagüera Gonda, Consuelo Garza Lagüera de Garza, Alfonso Garza Garza, Patricio Garza Garza, Juan Carlos Garza Garza, Eduardo Garza Garza, Eugenio Garza Garza, Alberto Bailleres González, Maria Teresa Gual Aspe de Bailleres, Inversiones Bursátiles Industriales, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by the Garza Lagüera family), Corbal, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by Alberto Bailleres Gonzalez)González), Magdalena Michel de David, Alepage, S.A. (controlled by Consuelo Garza Lagüera de Garza), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A. as Trustee under Trust No. F/29013-0 (controlled by the estate of José Calderón Ayala, late father of José Calderón Rojas), Max Michel Suberville, Max David Michel, Juan David Michel, Monique David de VanLathem, Renee Michel de Guichard, Magdalena Guichard Michel, Rene Guichard Michel, Miguel Guichard Michel, Graciano Guichard Michel, Juan Guichard Michel, Franca Servicios, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by the estate of José Calderón Ayala, late father of José Calderón Rojas), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/29490-0 (controlled by Alberto, Susana and Cecilia Bailleres), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/710004 (controlled by Magdalena Michel de David) and BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/700005 (controlled by Renee Michel de Guichard).

 

(5)As reported on Schedule 13G13D filed on February 13, 2009,March 28, 2011, includes aggregate shares beneficially owned by Cascade Investments, LLC, over which William H. Gates III has sole voting and dispositive power, and shares beneficially owned by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Trust, over which William H. Gates III and Melinda French Gates have shared voting and dispositive power.

(6)As reported on Schedule 13G filed on January 11, 2012 by Aberdeen Asset Management PLC.

As of May 29, 2009,March 30, 2012, there were 26648 holders of record of ADSs in the United States, which represented approximately 68%58% of our outstanding BD Units. Since a substantial number of ADSs are held in the name of nominees of the beneficial owners, including the nominee of The Depository Trust Company, the number of beneficial owners of ADSs is substantially greater than the number of record holders of these securities.

Related-Party Transactions

Voting Trust

The trust participants, who are our principal shareholders, agreed in Aprilon May 6, 1998 to deposit a majority of their shares, which we refer to as the trust assets, of FEMSA into the voting trust, and later entered into an amended agreement on August 8, 2005, following the substitution by Banco Invex, S.A. as trustee to the voting trust. The primary purpose of the voting trust is to permit the trust assets to be voted as a block, in accordance with the instructions of the technical committee. The trust participants are separated into seven trust groups and the technical committee is comprised of one representative appointed by each trust group. The number of B Units corresponding with each trust group (the proportional share of the shares deposited in the trust of such group) determines the number of votes that each trust representative has on the technical committee. Most matters are decided by a simple majority of the trust assets.

The trust participants agreed to certain transfer restrictions with respect to the trust assets. The trust is irrevocable, for a term that will conclude on May 31, 2013 (subject to additional five-year renewal terms), during which time, trust assets may be transferred by trust participants to spouses and immediate family members and, subject to certain conditions, to companies that are 100% owned by trust participants, which we refer to as the permitted transferees, provided in all cases that the transferee agrees to be bound by the terms of the voting trust. In the event that a trust participant wishes to sell part of its trust assets to someone other than a permitted transferee, the other trust participants have a right of first refusal to purchase the trust assets that the trust participant wishes to sell. If none of the trust participants elects to acquire the trust assets from the selling trust participant, the technical committee will have a right to nominate (subject to the approval of technical committee members representing 75% of the trust assets, excluding trust assets that are the subject of the sale) a purchaser for such trust assets. In the event that none of the trust participants or a nominated purchaser elects to acquire trust assets, the selling trust participant will have the right to sell the trust assets to a third partythird-party on the same terms and conditions that were offered to the trust participants. Acquirors of trust assets will only be permitted to become parties to the voting trust upon the affirmative vote by the technical committee of at least 75% of the trust shares, which must include trust shares represented by at least three trust group representatives. In the event that a trust participant holding a majority of the trust assets elects to sell its trust assets, the other trust participants have “tag along” rights that will enable them to sell their trust assets to the acquiror of the selling trust participant’s trust assets.

Because of their ownership of a majority of the Series B Shares, the trust participants may be deemed to control our company. Other than as a result of their ownership of the Series B Shares, the trust participants do not have any voting rights that are different from those of other shareholders.

Interest of Management in Certain Transactions

The following is a summary of transactions we have entered into with entities for which members of our board of directors or management serve as a member of the board of directors or management. Each of these transactions was entered into in the ordinary course of business, and we believe each is on terms comparable to those that could be obtained in arm’s length negotiations with unaffiliated third parties. Under our by-laws,bylaws, transactions entered with related parties not in the ordinary course of business are subject to the approval of our board of directors, subject to the prior opinion of the corporate practices committee.

On April 30, 2010, José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, started to serve as a member of the Board of Directors of Heineken Holding, N.V. and the Supervisory Board of Heineken N.V. Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines, our Chief Financial Officer, also serves on the supervisory Board of Heineken N.V. as of April 30, 2010. Since that date, we have made purchases of beer in the ordinary course of business from the Heineken Group in the amount of Ps. 7,063 million for the last eight months of 2010 and Ps. 9,397 million for 2011. During the last eight months of 2010, we also supplied logistics and administrative services to subsidiaries of Heineken for a total of Ps. 1,048 million, and in 2011 for Ps. 2,169 million. As of the end of December 31, 2011 and 2010, our net balance due to Heineken amounted to Ps. 1,291 million and Ps. 1,038 million, respectively.

We, along with certain of our subsidiaries, regularly engage in financing and insurance coverage transactions, including entering into loans and bond offerings in the local capital markets, and credit line facilities, with subsidiaries of BBVA Bancomer, a financial services holding company of which José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Alberto Bailleres andGonzález, José Fernando Calderón Rojas, Ricardo Guajardo Touché, and José Manuel Canal Hernando, who are also directors of FEMSA, are directors. We made interest expense payments and fees paid to BBVA Bancomer in respect of these transactions of Ps. 780128 million, Ps. 305108 million, and Ps. 257260 million as of the end of December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively. The total amount due to BBVA Bancomer as of the end of December 31, 20082011 and 2007 were2010 was Ps. 3,0461.1 billion and Ps. 999 million, respectively, and we also had a balance with BBVA Bancomer of Ps. 2,791 million and Ps. 1,7122,944 million, respectively.

We maintain an insurance policy covering auto insurancerespectively, as of December 31, 2011 and medical expenses for executives issued by Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A., an insurance company of which the chairman of the board and chief executive officer is Alberto Bailleres, one of our directors. The aggregate amount of premiums paid under these policies was approximately Ps. 83 million, Ps. 31 million and Ps. 41 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

We, along with certain of our subsidiaries, spent Ps. 253 million, Ps. 178 million and Ps. 165 million in the ordinary course of business in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, in publicity and advertisement purchased from Grupo Televisa, S.A.B., a media corporation in which our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, and two of our Directors, Alberto Bailleres and Lorenzo Zambrano, serve as directors.2010.

We regularly engage in the ordinary course of business in hedging transactions, and enter into loans and credit line facilities on an arm’s length basis with subsidiaries of Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V., or Grupo Financiero Banamex, a financial services holding company in which Lorenzo Zambrano, one ofqualified as our directors also serves as director.related party until March 2011. The interest expense and fees paid to Grupo Financiero Banamex as of December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006 was2009 were Ps. 11328 million, Ps. 16456 million, and Ps. 20161 million, respectively. In 2006,As of the end of December 31, 2010, the total amount due to Grupo Financiero Banamex was not consideredPs. 500 million, and we also had a related party entity.receivable balance with Grupo Financiero Banamex of Ps. 2,103 million.

We maintain an insurance policy covering auto insurance and medical expenses for executives issued by Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A.B., an insurance company of which Alberto Bailleres González and Max Michelle Suberville, who are also directors of FEMSA, are directors. The aggregate amount of premiums paid under these policies was approximately Ps. 59 million, Ps. 69 million, and Ps. 78 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

We, along with certain of our subsidiaries, spent Ps. 86 million, Ps. 37 million, and Ps. 13 million in the ordinary course of business in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, in publicity and advertisement purchased from Grupo Televisa, S.A.B., a media corporation in which our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, and two of our Directors, Alberto Bailleres González and Michael Larson, serve as directors.

Coca-Cola FEMSA, in its ordinary course of business, purchased Ps. 8631,248 million, Ps. 1,206 million, and Ps. 1,044 million in 20082011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, in juices from subsidiaries of Jugos del Valle.

In October 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA executed certain agreements with affiliates of Grupo Tampico to acquire specific products and services such as plastic cases, certain truck and car brands, as well as auto parts, exclusively for the territories of Grupo Tampico, which provide for certain preferences to be elected as suppliers in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s suppliers’ bidding processes.

FEMSA Comercio, in its ordinary course of business, purchased Ps. 1,5782,270 million, Ps. 1,3242,018 million, and Ps. 1,0341,733 million in 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006,2009, respectively, in baked goods and snacks for its stores from subsidiaries of Grupo Bimbo, of which the chairmanRicardo Guajardo Touché, one of the boardFEMSA’s directors, is Roberto Servitje, a director of FEMSA. Additionally,director. FEMSA Comercio also purchased Ps. 1,439 million, Ps. 1,064316 million and Ps. 775126 million in 2008, 20072011 and 2006,2010, respectively, in cigarettesjuices from British American Tobacco Mexico (BAT Mexico),subsidiaries of which Alfredo Livas Cantú, who is member of the board of directors of FEMSA, is also a member of the board of directors.Jugos del Valle. These purchases were entered into in the ordinary course of business, and we believe they were made on terms comparable to those that could be obtained in arm’s length negotiations with unaffiliated third parties.

José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, Eva Garza de Fernández,Lagüera Gonda, Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda, Ricardo Guajardo Touché, Alfonso Garza Garza and Lorenzo H. Zambrano,Armando Garza Sada, who are directors of FEMSA, are also members of the board of directors of ITESM, which is a prestigious university system with headquarters in Monterrey, Mexico that routinely receives donations from FEMSA and its subsidiaries. As ofFor the end ofyears ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006,2009, donations to ITESM amounted to Ps. 79,81 million, Ps. 10863 million, and Ps. 92,72 million, respectively.

Business Transactions between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company

Coca-Cola FEMSA regularly engages in transactions with The Coca-Cola Company and its affiliates. Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases all of its concentrate requirements forCoca-Cola trademark beverages from The Coca-Cola Company. Total payments by Coca-Cola FEMSA to The Coca-Cola Company for concentrates were approximately Ps. 13,51821,183 million, Ps. 12,23919,371 million, and Ps. 10,32216,863 million in 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006,2009, respectively.

Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company pay and reimburse each other for marketing expenditures. The Coca-Cola Company also contributes to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s coolers, bottles and cases investment program. Coca-Cola FEMSA received contributions to its marketing expenses and the coolers investment program of Ps. 1,9952,561 million, 1,582Ps. 2,386 million, and Ps. 1,2611,945 million in 2008, 20072011, 2010, and 2006,2009, respectively.

In December 2007 and in May 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold most of its proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. The proprietary brands are now being licensed back to Coca-Cola FEMSA by theThe Coca-Cola Company pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s existing bottler agreements. The December 2007 transaction was valued at US$ 48 million and the May 2008 transaction was valued at US$ 16 million. BothCoca-Cola FEMSA believes that both of these transactions were conducted on an arm’s length basis. Revenues from the sale of proprietary brands realized in prior years in which Coca-Cola FEMSA has a significant continuing involvement (i.e. will continue to produce and sell) are deferred and amortized against the related costs of future sales over the estimated sales period. The balance to be amortized amounted to Ps. 571302 million, Ps. 547 million, and Ps. 603616 million as of December 31, 20082011, 2010, and 2007,2009, respectively. The short-term balances to be amortizedportions are included in other current liabilities. The long-term portions are included in other liabilities as of December 31, 2011, 2010, and amounting2009, and amounted to Ps. 139197 million, Ps. 276 million, and Ps. 113203 million, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

In Argentina, Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases a portion of its plastic ingot requirements for producing plastic bottles and all of its returnable plastic bottle requirements from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina, S.A., a Coca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil in which The Coca-Cola Company has a substantial interest.

In connection with the acquisition of Panamco, subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company made specified undertakings to support and facilitate the Panamco acquisition for the benefit of Coca-Cola FEMSA. In consideration for these undertakings, Coca-Cola FEMSA made certain undertakings for the benefit of The Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries, including indemnity obligations with respect to specified matters relating to the accuracy of disclosure and the compliance with applicable law by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s board of directors and the board of directors of Panamco and undertakings to take specified actions and refrain from specified others to facilitate the ability of The Coca-Cola Company to receive favorable tax treatment in connection with its participation in the acquisition. In connection with the execution of the acquisition agreement for Panamco, The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA memorialized their understandings relating to specified operational and business issues that may affect Coca-Cola FEMSA following completion of the acquisition. A summary of these understandings is set forth under “Item 10. Additional Information—Material Contracts—The Coca-Cola Memorandum.”

On November 8, 2007, Administración a Mexican company owned indirectly by Coca-Cola FEMSA and by The Coca-Cola Company,S.A.P.I. acquired 58,350,908 shares representing 100% of the shares of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle, for US$ 370 million in cash, with assumed liabilities of US$ 86 million. On June 30, 2008, Administración and Jugos del Valle merged, and Jugos del Valle became the surviving entity. Subsequent to the initial acquisition of Jugos del Valle, Coca-Cola FEMSA offered to sell 30% of its interest in Administración to other Coca-Cola bottlers in Mexico. As a result, of December 31, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA has a recorded investment of approximately 20% of the capital stock of Jugos del Valle. In December 2008, the survivingThe business of Jugos del Valle entityin the United States was acquired and sold its operations toby The Coca-Cola Company. In June 2008, Administración S.A.P.I. and Jugos del Valle (surviving company) were merged. Subsequently, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company Coca-Cola FEMSA and otherall Mexican and BrazilianCoca-Cola bottlers of Coca-Cola trademark brands in Brazil. These still beverage operations were integratedentered into a joint venture with The Coca-Cola Company in Brazil, in whichbusiness for the Mexican and the Brazilian operations, respectively, of Jugos del Valle, through transactions completed during 2008. Coca-Cola FEMSA currently holds an interest of 24.0% in the Mexican joint business and approximately 32.47%. Through Coca-Cola FEMSA’s19.7% in the Brazilian joint ventures with The Coca-Cola Company,business. Jugos del Valle sells juice-based beverages and fruit derivatives. Coca-Cola FEMSA distributes the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages in Brazil and have begunits territories in South America.

In February 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired with The Coca-Cola Company theBrisa bottled water business in Colombia from Bavaria, a subsidiary of SABMiller. Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired the production assets and the rights to distribute in the territory, and The Coca-Cola Company acquired theBrisa brand. Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company equally shared in paying the purchase price of US$ 92 million. Following a transition period, in June 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA started to sell and distribute theBrisa portfolio of products in Colombia.

In May 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed a transaction to develop and distribute new products.theCrystal trademark water business in Brazil with The Coca-Cola Company.

On May 30, 2008,In August 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired from The Coca-Cola Company along with other BrazilianCoca-Colabottlers the business operations of theMatte Leãotea brand. As of April 20, 2012 Coca-Cola FEMSA had a 19.4% indirect interest in theMatte Leão business in Brazil.

In September 2010, FEMSA sold Promotora to The Coca-Cola Company. Promotora was the owner of theMundet brands of soft drinks in Mexico.

In March 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA, together with The Coca-Cola Company and through Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V., acquired Estrella Azul, a Panamanian conglomerate that participates in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories in Panama. Coca-Cola FEMSA will continue to develop this business with The Coca-Cola Company.

In February 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA announced that it had entered into a purchase12-month exclusivity agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire its wholly owned bottling franchise locatedevaluate the potential acquisition by Coca-Cola FEMSA of a controlling

ownership stake in the statebottling operations owned by The Coca-Cola Company in the Philippines. Both parties believe that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s expertise and successful track record operating in fragmented markets and emerging economies could be effectively deployed in such territory, and contribute significantly toward expanding the penetration of, Minas Gerais (REMIL)and consumer preference for, The Coca-Cola Company’s brands in Brazil,that market. This exclusivity agreement does not require either party to enter into any transaction, and paidthere can be no assurances that a purchase price of US$ 364.1 million in June 2008.definitive agreement will be executed.

 

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Consolidated Financial Statements

See pages F-1 through F-64,F-144, incorporated herein by reference.

Dividend Policy

For a discussion of our dividend policy, see “Item 3. Key Information—Dividends” and “Item 10. Additional Information.”

Legal Proceedings

We are party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Other than as disclosed in this annual report, we are not currently involved in any litigation or arbitration proceeding, including any proceeding that is pending or threatened of which we are aware, which we believe will have, or has had, a material adverse effect on our company. Other legal proceedings that are pending against or involve us and our subsidiaries are incidental to the conduct of our and their business. We believe that the ultimate disposition of such other proceedings individually or on an aggregate basis will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results offrom operations.

Coca-Cola FEMSA

Mexico

Antitrust Matters

During 2000, theComisión Federal de Competencia in Mexico (Mexican Antitrust Commission or CFC), CFC, pursuant to complaints filed by PepsiCo. and certain of its bottlers in Mexico, began an investigation of The Coca-Cola Company Export Corporation (TCCEC)and its bottlers for alleged monopolistic practices through exclusivity arrangements with certain retailers.

After the corresponding legal proceedings in MayMexico in 2008, in thea Mexican courts,Federal Court rendered a final adverse judgment was rendered against two of the six Coca-Cola FEMSAeight Mexican subsidiaries involved imposingin the proceedings (which total number includes the beverage divisions of Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Tampico), upholding a fine of approximately Ps. 10.5 million imposed by the CFC on each of the two subsidiaries and ordering immediate suspension of such practices of alleged exclusivity arrangements. The Mexican Supreme Court decided to resolve the proceedings with respect to the complaints against the remaining four subsidiaries; a final judgment is expected to be issued this year. Although we cannot predict the outcome, if any fines are imposed, we do not believe that they will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

In March 2003, in a separate proceeding, CFC began an investigation pursuant to complaints filed by some retailers and Ajemex, S.A. de C.V. (Big Cola) involving TCCEC, Coca-Cola FEMSA and six of its subsidiaries and certain other Coca-Cola bottlers based on complaints of monopolistic practices through exclusivity arrangements with certain retailers. The CFC issued a resolution, whereby it was determined that certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Mexican subsidiaries engaged in monopolistic practices and (1) ordered the immediate suspension of such practices of alleged exclusivity arrangements and conditional dealingdealing. With respect to the complaints against the remaining six subsidiaries (including the beverage divisions of Grupo CIMSA and (2) imposedGrupo Tampico), a finefinal favorable resolution was rendered in the Mexican Federal Court on June 9, 2010. In March 2011, the CFC dropped all fines against and ruled in favor of approximately Ps. 10.5 million to eachall of the sixinvolved subsidiaries, on the grounds of insufficient evidence to prove individual and specific liability in the alleged antitrust violations. These resolutions are final and unappealable.

In February 2009, the CFC began a new investigation of alleged monopolistic practices consisting of sparkling beverage sales subject to exclusivity agreements and the granting of discounts and/or benefits in exchange for exclusivity arrangements with certain retailers. In December 2011, the CFC closed this investigation on the grounds of insufficient evidence of monopolistic practices by The Coca-Cola FEMSA subsidiary companies investigated.

Coca-Cola FEMSA filed judicial proceedings challengingCompany and its bottlers. However, on February 9, 2012, the rulingplaintiff appealed the decision of the CFC. In August 2008,The CFC has not yet ruled on whether to accept or deny theTribunal Colegiado de Circuito (a Mexican federal court) rendered its final ruling affirming the fine of Ps. 10.5 million for each of the six subsidiary companies. Coca-Cola FEMSA has already paid these fines. appeal.

Central America

Antitrust Matters in Costa Rica

During August 2001, theComisión para Promover la Competenciain Costa Rica (Costa Rican Antitrust Commission), pursuant to a complaint filed by PepsiCo. and its bottler in Costa Rica, initiated an investigation of the sales practices of The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Costa Rican subsidiary for alleged monopolistic practices in retail distribution, including sales exclusivity arrangements. A ruling from the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission was issued in July 2004, which found the companyCoca-Cola FEMSA’s subsidiary in Costa Rica engaged in monopolistic practices with respect to exclusivity arrangements, pricing and the sharing of coolers under certain limited circumstances and imposed a fine of US$ 130,000 fine.(approximately Ps. 1.5 million). The court dismissed Coca-Cola FEMSA’s appeal of the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission’s ruling was dismissed.ruling. On August 30, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA has filed judicial proceedings challengingappealed the ruling ofcourt’s dismissal before the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission andSupreme Court, but the process is still pending in court. We do not believe thatSupreme Court affirmed the dismissal on December 1, 2011. Notwithstanding the above, this matter will not have a material adverse effect on itsCoca-Cola FEMSA’s financial condition or results of operations.operations because Coca-Cola FEMSA has already paid the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission’s fine and is currently complying with its resolution.

In November 2004,Ajecen del Sur S.A., the bottler ofBig Cola in Costa Rica, filed a complaint before the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission related to monopolistic practices in retail distribution and exclusivity agreements against The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Costa Rican subsidiary. The Costa Rican Antitrust Commission has decided to pursue an investigation. The period for gathering of evidence ended in August 2006, and the final arguments have been filed. Coca-Cola FEMSA expects that the maximum fine that could be imposed is US$ 300,000. Coca-Cola FEMSA is waiting for theinvestigation, but has issued a final resolution to be issued by the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission.in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s favor imposing no fine.

Colombia

Labor Matters

During July 2001, a labor union and several individuals from the Republic of Colombia filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida against certain of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s subsidiaries. In the complaint, theThe plaintiffs alleged that the subsidiaries of the company acquired in the Panamco acquisition engaged in wrongful acts against the labor union and its members in Colombia, including kidnapping, torture, death threats and intimidation. The complaint alleges claims under the U.S. Alien Tort Claims Act, Torture Victim Protection Act, Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act and state tort law and seeks injunctive and declaratory relief and damages of more than US$ 500 million, including treble and punitive damages and the cost of the suit, including attorney fees. Coca-Cola FEMSA filed a motion to dismissIn September 2006, the complaint on jurisdictional grounds. Thefederal district court also granteddismissed the motion to dismisscomplaint with respect to all claims. The plaintiffs appealed and in August 2009, the Appellate Court affirmed the decision in favor of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s subsidiaries. The plaintiffs moved for a rehearing, and in September 2009, the claims inrehearing motion was denied. Plaintiffs attempted to seek reconsiderationen banc, but so far, the lawsuit. Plaintiffs initially filed a motion of appeal and subsequently moved to stay the appellate proceedings. We believe this lawsuit is without merit and intends to defend itself in this matter.court has not considered it.

Venezuela

Tax Matters

In 1999, certainsome of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiaries received notice of certainindirect tax claims asserted by the Venezuelan tax authorities. These subsidiaries have taken the appropriate recoursemeasures against these claims at the administrative level as well as beforeand filed appeals with the courts in Venezuela.Venezuelan courts. The claims currently totalamount to approximately US$ 21.1 million.million (approximately Ps. 250 million). Coca-Cola FEMSA has certain rights to indemnification from Venbottling Holding, Inc., a former shareholder of Panamco and The Coca-Cola Company, for a substantial portion of the claims. Coca-Cola FEMSA does not believe that the ultimate dispositionresolution of these cases will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results offrom operations.

Labor and Distribution Matters

Since 2001, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiaries have been the subject of more than 400 claims and lawsuits by former independent distributors claiming alleged labor and severance rights owed to them at the time of the termination of their relationship with Coca-Cola FEMSA. In August 2007, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary was able to settle the majority of claims through a special mediation process developed by the Venezuelan Supreme Court. After the settlement of these claims, the Supreme Court invited Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary to participate in a new mediation and negotiation process to discuss severance claims for which the statute of limitations had expired. After the Supreme Court, in June 2008, affirmed that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary was not liable, its subsidiary finalized a settlement and created a trust of US$ 11.6 million as part of a social commitment to promote construction, transportation and sale of goods under the supervision of the Venezuelan Employment Bureau.

Brazil

Antitrust Matters

Several claims have been filed against Coca-Cola FEMSA by private parties that allege anticompetitive practices by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Brazilian subsidiaries. The plaintiffs are Ragi (Dolly), a Brazilian producer of “B Brands,” and PepsiCoPepsiCo. alleging anticompetitive practices by Spal Indústria Brasileira de Bebidas S.A. and Recofarma Indústria do Amazonas Ltda. Of the four claims Dolly filed against Coca-Cola FEMSA, the only one remaining concerns a denial of access to common suppliers. Of the two claims made by PepsiCo, the first concerns exclusivity arrangements at the point of sale, and the second is aan alleged corporate espionage allegation against the Pepsi bottler, BAESA, which the Ministry of Economy recommended be dismissed for lack of evidence. Under Brazilian law, each of these claims could result in substantial monetary fines and other penalties, although Coca-Cola FEMSA believes each of the claims is without merit.

Significant Changes

Since December 31, 2011, the following significant change has occurred in our business, as described in more detail in “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments” and in Note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements:

In February 2012, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Mitsubishi Corporation and Stichting Depositary PGGM Infrastructure Funds, a pension fund managed by PGGM, acquired the 45% interest held by FEMSA in the parent companies of the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm. The sale of FEMSA’s participation as an investor will result in a gain.

ITEM 9.THE OFFER AND LISTING

Description of Securities

We have three series of capital stock, each with no par value:

 

Series B Shares;

 

Series D-B Shares; and

 

Series D-L Shares.

Series B Shares have full voting rights, and Series D-B and D-L Shares have limited voting rights. The shares of our company are not separable and may be transferred only in the following forms:

 

B Units, consisting of five Series B Shares; and

 

BD Units, consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares.

At our annual general ordinary shareholders’ meetingAGM held on March 29, 2007, our shareholders approved a three-for-one stock split in respect all of our outstanding capital stock. Following the stock split, our total capital stock consists of 2,161,177,770 BD Units and 1,417,048,500 B Units. Our stock split also resulted in a three-for-one stock split of our American Depositary Shares.ADSs. The stock-split was conducedconducted on a pro-rata basis in respect of all holders of our shares and all ADSsADS holders of record as of May 25, 2007, and the ratio of voting and non-voting shares was maintained, thereby preserving our ownership structure as it was prior to the stock-split.

On April 22, 2008, FEMSA shareholders approved a proposal to amend our bylaws in order to preserve the unit structure for our shares that has been in place since May 1998, and to maintain our existing share structure beyond May 11, 2008, absent further shareholder action.

Previously, our bylaws provided that on May 11, 2008, each Series D-B Share would automatically convert into one Series B Share with full voting rights, and each Series D-L Share would automatically convert into one Series L Share with limited voting rights. At that time:

 

the BD Units and the B Units would cease to exist and the underlying Series B Shares and Series L Shares would be separate; and

 

the Series B Shares and Series L Shares would be entitled to share equally in any dividend, and the dividend preferences of the Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares of 125% of any amount distributed in respect of each Series B Share existing prior to May 11, 2008, would be terminated.

However, following the April 22, 2008, shareholder approvals, these changes will no longer occur and instead our share and unit structure will remain unchanged, absent shareholder action, as follows:

 

the BD Units and the B Units will continue to exist; and

 

the dividend preferences of the Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares of 125% of any amount distributed in respect of each Series B Share will continue to exist.

The following table sets forth information regarding our capital stock as of May 29, 2009:March 31, 2012:

 

  Number   Percentage of
Capital
 Percentage of
Full Voting

Rights
 

Class

  Number          Percentage of        
Capital
          Percentage of        
Voting
          

Series B Shares (no par value)

  9,246,420,270  51.7%  100.0%   9,246,420,270     51.68  100

Series D-B Shares (no par value)

  4,322,355,540  24.2     0      4,322,355,540     24.16  0

Series D-L Shares (no par value)

  4,322,355,540  24.2     0      4,322,355,540     24.16  0

Total Shares

  17,891,131,350  100.0     100.0      17,891,131,350     100  100

Units

                   

BD Units

  2,161,177,770  60.4     23.4      2,161,177,770     60.40  23.47

B Units

  1,417,048,500  39.6     76.6      1,417,048,500     39.60  76.63

Total Units

  3,578,226,270  100.0     100.0      3,578,226,270     100  100

Trading Markets

Since May 11, 1998, ADSs representing BD Units have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange,NYSE, and the BD Units and the B Units have been listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Each ADS represents 10 BD Units deposited under the deposit agreement with the ADS depositary. As of March 30, 2012, approximately 58% of BD Units traded in the form of ADSs.

The New York Stock ExchangeNYSE trading symbol for the ADSs is “FMX” and the Mexican Stock Exchange trading symbols are “FEMSA UBD” for the BD Units and “FEMSA UB” for the B Units.

Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar have affected the U.S. dollar equivalent of the Mexican peso price of our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and, consequently, have also affected the market price of our ADSs. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rate Information.”

Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange

The Mexican Stock Exchange, located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Founded in 1907, it is organized as asociedad anónima bursátil. Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange takes place principally through automated systems and is open between the hours of 8:9:30 a.m. and 3:4:00 p.m. Mexico City time,Eastern Time, each business day. Trades in securities listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange can also be effected off the exchange. The Mexican Stock Exchange operates a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer as a

means of controlling excessive price volatility, but under current regulations this system does not apply to securities such as the BD Units that are directly or indirectly (for example, in the form of ADSs) quoted on a stock exchange (including for these purposes the New York Stock Exchange)NYSE) outside Mexico.

Settlement is effected three business days after a share transaction on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Deferred settlement, even by mutual agreement, is not permitted without the approval of theComisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores (Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission or CNBV). CNBV. Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange, including ours, are on deposit withS.D. Indeval Instituto para el Depósito de Valores S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Indeval, a privately owned securities depositary that acts as a clearinghouse for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions.

Price History

The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high, low and closing sale prices and the average daily trading volumes for the B Units and BD Units on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the reported high, low and closing sale prices and the average daily trading volumes for the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange.NYSE.

 

  B Units(1)  B Units(1) 
  Nominal pesos  Close US$(4)  Average Daily
Trading Volume

(Units)
  Nominal pesos   Close  US$(4)   Average Daily
Trading Volume

(Units)
 
  High(2)  Low(2)  Close(3)  FX rate    High(2)   Low(2)   Close(3)   FX rate   

2004

  17.33  13.17  17.33  11.15  1.55  12,835

2005

  24.17  15.60  21.67  10.63  2.04  674,773

2006

  34.03  23.00  33.33  10.84  3.07  197,478

2007

               42.33     31.79     37.00     10.92     3.39     1,814  

2008

   46.00     32.00     34.99     13.83     2.53     7,286  

2009

   57.00     30.50     55.00     13.06     4.21     300  

2010

            

First Quarter

  42.33  33.33  40.67  11.04  3.68  4,133   55.00     44.00     48.50     12.30     3.94     1,900  

Second Quarter

  42.00  40.33  41.68  10.79  3.86  875   51.00     45.05     49.97     12.83     3.89     1,881  

Third Quarter

  41.68  36.70  37.80  10.93  3.46  1,559   51.99     47.50     50.50     12.63     4.00     1,364  

Fourth Quarter

  37.80  31.79  37.00  10.92  3.39  2,096   57.99     49.50     57.98     12.38     4.68     1,629  

2008

            

2011

            

First Quarter

  41.95  32.00  41.94  10.63  3.95  692   57.99     50.00     51.50     11.92     4.32     2,062  

Second Quarter

  46.00  40.00  40.00  10.30  3.88  34,993   58.00     51.50     58.00     11.72     4.95     975  

Third Quarter

  44.00  40.00  42.00  10.97  3.83  481   71.00     59.00     71.00     13.77     5.16     2,597  

Fourth Quarter

  42.00  34.99  34.99  13.83  2.53  7   81.00     78.05     78.05     13.96     5.59     795  

October

  42.00  42.00  42.00  12.71  3.30  100   81.00     79.00     79.00     13.17     6.00     1,880  

November

  34.99  34.99  34.99  13.39  2.61  100   79.00     79.00     79.00     13.62     5.80     975  

December(5)

  —    —    —    —    —    —     78.05     78.05     78.05     13.95     5.59     8,300  

2009

            

First Quarter

  34.00  30.50  30.50  14.21  2.15  18

January(5)

  —    —    —    —    —    —  

2012

            

January

   78.00     75.00     75.00     13.04     5.75     3,182  

February

  34.00  34.00  34.00  15.09  2.25  200   76.00     75.00     76.00     12.79     5.94     807  

March

  30.50  30.50  30.50  14.21  2.15  100   82.00     80.50     80.50     12.81     6.28     167  

April(5)

  —    —    —    —    —    —  

May

  38.79  31.00  32.00  13.18  2.43  706

June(6)

  35.60  34.70  35.60  13.43  2.65  2,167

First Quarter

   82.00     75.00     80.50     12.81     6.28     872  

 

(1)The prices and average daily trading volume for the B Units were taken from Bloomberg and reflect our 3:1 stock split, which was effective May 25, 2007.

 

(2)High and low closing prices for the periods presented.

 

(3)Closing price on the last day of the periods presented.

 

(4)Represents the translation from Mexican pesos to U.S. dollars of the closing price of the B Units on the last day of the periods presented based on the noon buying rate for the purchase of U.S. dollars, as reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York using the period-end exchange rate.

(5)In this period the B Unit did not register any volume trading operation.

(6)Information from June 1, 2009 to June 15, 2009.

  BD Units(1)  BD Units(1) 
  Nominal pesos  Close US$(4)  Average Daily
Trading Volume(Units)
  Nominal pesos   Close  US$(4)   Average  Daily
Trading Volume
(Units)
 
  High(2)  Low(2)  Close(3)  FX rate    High(2)   Low(2)   Close(3)   FX rate   

2004

  19.87  13.67  19.50  11.15  1.75  3,314,115

2005

  26.46  18.63  25.69  10.63  2.42  2,088,995

2006

  42.25  25.69  41.72  10.80  3.86  2,368,706

2007

               48.58     32.73     41.70     10.92     3.82     3,889,800  

2008

   49.19     26.10     41.37     13.83     2.99     3,089,044  

2009

   63.20     30.49     62.65     13.06     4.80     3,011,747  

2010

            

First Quarter

  48.58  39.10  40.68  11.04  3.68  4,257,029   64.39     53.33     59.03     12.30     4.80     4,213,385  

Second Quarter

  43.52  38.75  42.41  10.79  3.93  5,279,190   58.94     53.22     55.68     12.83     4.34     3,066,006  

Third Quarter

  43.13  36.17  40.76  10.93  3.73  3,281,171   66.14     55.79     63.66     12.63     5.04     3,526,727  

Fourth Quarter

  42.42  32.73  41.70  10.92  3.82  2,771,261   71.21     62.58     69.32     12.38     5.60     3,177,203  

2008

            

2011

            

First Quarter

  46.53  36.13  44.77  10.63  4.21  3,197,835   70.61     64.01     69.85     11.92     5.86     2,562,803  

Second Quarter

  49.19  42.77  46.96  10.30  4.56  3,037,459   77.79     70.52     77.79     11.72     6.64     2,546,271  

Third Quarter

  49.16  38.50  41.58  10.97  3.79  2,743,194   91.39     75.28     90.16     13.77     6.55     3,207,475  

Fourth Quarter

  42.03  26.10  41.37  13.83  2.99  3,394,665   97.80     87.05     97.02     13.96     6.95     2,499,269  

October

  42.03  26.10  32.97  12.71  2.60  4,924,570   94.80     88.26     89.40     13.17     6.79     2,491,967  

November

  37.23  32.45  36.97  13.39  2.76  2,851,647   92.76     87.05     92.76     13.62     6.81     3,160,130  

December

  41.37  36.22  41.37  13.83  2.99  2,210,357   97.80     90.07     97.02     13.95     6.95     1,877,181  

2009

            

First Quarter

  44.24  30.49  35.86  14.21  2.52  3,032,889

2012

            

January

  44.24  38.49  40.17  14.33  2.80  2,079,910   98.04     88.64     91.33     13.04     7.00     2,777,054  

February

  41.55  34.81  35.19  15.09  2.33  3,263,263   96.59     92.65     94.47     12.79     7.38     3,352,297  

March

  37.77  30.49  35.86  14.21  2.52  3,777,433   105.33     93.98     105.33     12.81     8.22     2,494,913  

April

  40.69  35.32  39.00  13.80  2.83  3,234,600

May

  44.13  38.39  42.88  13.18  3.25  3,155,310

June(5)

  45.99  43.03  43.03  13.43  3.20  1,881,473

First Quarter

   105.33     88.64     105.33     12.81     8.22     2,865,624  

 

(1)The prices and average daily trading volume for the BD Units were taken from Bloomberg and reflect our 3:1 stock split, which was effective May 25, 2007.

 

(2)High and low closing prices for the periods presented.

 

(3)Closing price on the last day of the periods presented.

 

(4)Represents the translation from Mexican pesos to U.S. dollars of the closing price of the BD Units on the last day of the periods presented based on the noon buying rate for the purchase of U.S. dollars, as reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York using the period-end exchange rate.

(5)Information from June 1, 2009 to June 15, 2009.

  ADSs(1)  ADSs(1) 
  U.S. dollars  Average Daily
Trading Volume
(ADSs)
  U.S. dollars   Average  Daily
Trading Volume
(ADSs)
 
  High(2)  Low(2)  Close(3)    High(2)   Low(2)   Close(3)   

2004

  17.64  12.34  17.54  846,888

2005

  24.58  16.97  24.17  986,032

2006

  39.17  24.41  38.59  1,159,232

2007

           44.42     29.96     38.17     1,350,303  

First Quarter

  44.42  34.85  36.80  1,620,178

Second Quarter

  40.51  35.41  39.32  1,264,422

Third Quarter

  40.04  32.50  37.40  1,252,859

Fourth Quarter

  39.27  29.96  38.17  1,231,342

2008

           49.39     19.25     30.13     1,321,098  

2009

   49.00     19.91     47.88     1,188,775  

2010

        

First Quarter

  43.35  33.37  41.78  1,173,074   50.01     40.82     47.53     1,394,455  

Second Quarter

  47.48  41.58  45.51  1,156,991   48.14     40.49     42.89     854,938  

Third Quarter

  49.39  35.07  38.14  1,408,044   52.09     42.78     50.43     752,792  

Fourth Quarter

  38.17  19.25  30.13  1,539,345   57.38     49.89     55.92     534,197  

October

  38.17  19.25  25.29  2,129,380   55.05     49.89     54.91     762,224  

November

  29.30  23.08  27.51  1,471,524   56.83     53.89     56.55     498,769  

December

  30.64  26.16  30.13  981,062   57.38     55.46     55.92     350,353  

2009

        

2011

        

First Quarter

  32.06  19.91  25.21  1,168,072   58.93     52.67     58.70     523,823  

Second Quarter

   66.49     59.60     66.49     519,035  

Third Quarter

   73.00     61.34     64.82     641,559  

Fourth Quarter

   72.23     61.73     69.71     527,067  

October

   72.23     64.36     67.05     634,239  

November

   68.92     61.73     68.21     560,506  

December

   69.77     64.81     69.71     386,457  

2012

        

January

  32.06  27.35  28.15  1,005,971   70.52     67.47     70.52     591,823  

February

  28.52  23.04  23.04  1,243,493   75.18     72.47     73.60     482,579  

March

  26.51  19.91  25.21  1,250,300   82.27     72.56     82.27     504,965  

April

  30.26  25.27  28.31  989,092

May

  33.36  28.16  32.69  884,745

June(4)

  34.96  32.06  32.06  575,545

First Quarter

   82.27     52.95     82.27     525,762  

 

(1)Each ADS is comprised of 10 BD Units. Prices and average daily trading volume were taken from Bloomberg and reflect our 3:1 stock split, which was effective May 25, 2007.

 

(2)High and low closing prices for the periods presented.

 

(3)Closing price on the last day of the periods presented.

(4)Information from June 1, 2009 to June 15, 2009.

ITEM 10.ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Bylaws

The following is a summary of the material provisions of our bylaws and applicable Mexican law. Our bylaws were last amended on April 22, 2008. For a description of the provisions of our bylaws relating to our board of directors and executive officers, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.”

The Mexican Securities Law that came into effect in 2006 includes provisions that, among others, seek to improve the regulation of disclosure of information, minority shareholder rights and corporate governance. In addition, the Mexican Securities Law imposes further duties and liabilities on the members of the board of directors as well as on the relevant officers (such as a duty of loyalty and a duty of care). Likewise, under the Mexican Securities Law we were required to adopt specific amendments to our bylaws, which we carried out in 2006. The most significant of these amendments relate to the following:

change in our corporate name to reflect that we have adopted a new corporate form called a listed stock corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil, or the initialsS.A.B.);

redefinition of the functions and structure of the board of directors, whereby, among others, the management of the company is entrusted to the board of directors and also to the company’s chief executive officer, who is required to follow the strategies, policies and guidelines approved by the board of directors and the authority, obligations and duties expressly authorized in the Mexican Securities Law;

the Corporate Practices Committee and the Audit Committee consist solely of independent directors, each committee is formed by at least 3 board members appointed by the shareholders or by the board of directors, as proposed by the chairman of the board of directors;

the chairmen of the Corporate Practices Committee and the Audit Committee are appointed (taking into consideration their experience, capacity and professional prestige) and removed exclusively by a shareholders’ meeting, provided that the chairmen shall not also serve as chairman of the board of directors;

elimination of the role and responsibilities of the statutory examiner (comisario), whose surveillance responsibilities have been assumed by the board of directors through the Corporate Practices Committee and the Audit Committee, as well as by our external auditor;

ability to have the external auditor attend meetings of the board of directors, as an observer with a right to participate, but without voting rights;

the ability to call a meeting of the board of directors, and to cause items to be added to the agenda, is now extended to the chairman of the board of directors, the chairman of the Corporate Practices Committee and the Audit Committee, or to at least 25% of the members of the board of directors;

independence of members of the board of directors is now determined through a shareholders’ meeting, subject to CNBV’s authority to challenge such determination;

directors may continue in the exercise of their functions even if the term for which they have been appointed has concluded, up to a term of 30 calendar days; the board of directors is entitled to appoint interim members, without need of a shareholders’ meeting, in the event of an absence of any member of the board of directors, or if the appointed member does not accept or take office and no alternate director was appointed or such alternate did not take office;

holders of Series “D” and “L” Shares are entitled to vote in the matters expressly set forth in the Mexican Securities Law; and

any capital increase by means of an issuance of non-subscribed shares to be held in treasury of the company requires approval at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting.

Organization and RegisterRegistry

We are asociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable organized in Mexico under the Mexican General Corporations Law and the Mexican Securities Law. We were incorporated in 1936 under the name Valores Industriales, S.A., as asociedad anónima, and are currently named Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. We wereare registered in theRegistro Público de la Propiedad y del Comercio(Public Registry of CommerceProperty and Commerce) of Monterrey, Nuevo León on May 30, 1936 under the mercantile number 69, page 168, volume 79, third book, second auxiliary of the Registry.n.

Voting Rights and Certain Minority Rights

Each Series B Share entitles its holder to one vote at any of our ordinary or extraordinary general shareholders meetings. Our bylaws state that the board of directors must comprisebe composed of no more than 21 members. Holders of Series B Shares are entitled to elect at least 11 members of our board of directors. Holders of Series D Shares are entitled to elect five members of our board of directors. Our bylaws also contemplate that, should a conversion of the Series D-L Shares to Series L Shares occur pursuant to the vote of our Series D-B and Series D-L shareholders at special and extraordinary shareholders meetings, the holders of Series D-L shares (who would become holders of newly-issued Series L Shares) will be entitled to elect two members of the board of directors. None of our shares has cumulative voting rights, which is a right not regulated under Mexican law.

Under our bylaws, the holders of Series D Shares are entitled to vote at extraordinary shareholders meetings called to consider any of the following limited matters: (1) the transformation from one form of corporate organization to another, other than from a company with variable capital stock to a company without variable capital stock or vice versa, (2) any merger in which we are not the surviving entity or with other entities whose principal corporate purposes are different from those of our company or our subsidiaries, (3) change of our jurisdiction of incorporation, (4) dissolution and liquidation and (5) the cancellation of the registration of the Series D Shares or Series L Shares in the Mexican Stock Exchange or in any other foreign stock market where listed, except in the case of the conversion of these shares as provided for in our bylaws.

Holders of Series D Shares are also entitled to vote on the matters that they are expressly authorized to vote on by the Mexican Securities Law and at any extraordinary shareholders meeting called to consider any of the following matters:

 

To approve a conversion of all of the outstanding Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares into Series B shares with full voting rights and Series L Shares with limited voting rights, respectively.

 

To agree to the unbundling of their share Units.

This conversion and/or unbundling of shares would become effective two (2) years after the date on which the shareholders agreed to such conversion and/or unbundling.

Under Mexican law, holders of shares of any series are entitled to vote as a class in a special meeting governed by the same rules that apply to extraordinary shareholders meetings on any action that would have an effect on the rights of holders of shares of such series. There are no procedures for determining whether a particular proposed shareholder action requires a class vote, and Mexican law does not provide extensive guidance on the criteria to be applied in making such a determination.

Pursuant to the

The Mexican Securities Law, and the Mexican General Corporations Law and our bylaws include a number ofprovide for certain minority shareholder protections. These minority protections include provisions that permit:

 

holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock entitled to vote, (includingincluding in a limited or restricted manner)manner, to require the chairman of the board of directors or of the Audit or Corporate Practices Committees to call a shareholders’ meeting;

holders of at least 5% of our outstanding capital stock, including limited or restricted vote, may bring an action for liabilities against our directors, the secretary of the board of directors or the relevant officers;

 

holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock who are entitled to vote, including limited or restricted vote, at any shareholders meeting to request that resolutions with respect to any matter on which they considered they were not sufficiently informed be postponed;

 

holders of 20% of our outstanding capital stock to oppose any resolution adopted at a shareholders meeting in which they are entitled to vote, including limited or restricted vote, and file a petition for a court order to suspend the resolution temporarily within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the action was taken, provided that (1) the challenged resolution violates Mexican law or our bylaws, (2) the opposing shareholders neither attended the meeting nor voted in favor of the challenged resolution and (3) the opposing shareholders deliver a bond to the court to secure payment of any damages that we may suffer as a result of suspending the resolution in the event that the court ultimately rules against the opposing shareholder; and

 

holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock who are entitled to vote, including limited or restricted vote, to appoint one member of our board of directors and one alternate member of our board of directors.

Shareholders Meetings

General shareholders meetings may be ordinary meetings or extraordinary meetings. Extraordinary meetings are those called to consider certain matters specified in Article 182 and 228 BIS of the Mexican General Corporations Law, Articles 53 and 108(II) of the Mexican Securities Law and in our bylaws. These matters include: amendments to our bylaws, liquidation, dissolution, merger and transformation from one form of corporate organization to another, issuance of preferred stock and increases and reductions of the fixed portion of our capital stock. In addition, our bylaws require an extraordinary meeting to consider the cancellation of the registration of shares with the Mexican Registry of Securities, or RNV or with other foreign stock exchanges on which our shares may be listed, the amortization of distributable earnings into capital stock, and an increase in our capital stock in terms of the Mexican Securities Law. General meetings called to consider all other matters, including increases or decreases affecting the variable portion of our capital stock, are ordinary meetings. An ordinary meeting must be held at least once each year within the first four months following the end of the preceding fiscal year. Holders of BD Units or B Units are entitled to attend all shareholders meetings of the Series B Shares and Series D Shares and to vote on matters that are subject to the vote of holders of the underlying shares.

The quorum for an ordinary shareholders meeting on first call is more than 50% of the Series B Shares, and action may be taken by a majority of the Series B Shares represented at the meeting. If a quorum is not available, a second or subsequent meeting may be called and held by whatever number of Series B Shares is represented at the meeting, at which meeting action may be taken by a majority of the Series B Shares that are represented at the meeting.

The quorum for an extraordinary shareholders meeting is at least 75% of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting, and action may be taken by a vote of the majority of all the outstanding shares that are entitled to vote. If a quorum is not available, a second meeting may be called, at which the quorum will be the majority of the outstanding capital stock entitled to vote, and actions will be taken by holders of the majority of all the outstanding capital stock entitled to vote.

Shareholders meetings may be called by the board of directors, the audit committee or the corporate practicepractices committee and, under certain circumstances, a Mexican court. Holders of 10% or more of our capital stock may require the chairman of the board of directors, or the chairman of the audit or corporate practices committees to call a shareholders meeting. A notice of meeting and an agenda must be published in thePeriódico Oficial del Estado de Nuevo León (Official State Gazette of Nuevo León)n, or the Official State Gazette) or a newspaper of general circulation in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico at least 15 days prior to the date set for the meeting. Notices must set forth the place, date and time of the meeting and the matters to be addressed and must be signed by whomeverwhoever convened the meeting. Shareholders meetings will be deemed validly held and convened without a prior notice or publication whenever all

the shares representing our capital stock are fully represented. All relevant information relating to the shareholders meeting must be made available to shareholders starting on the date of publication of the notice. To attend a meeting, shareholders must deposit their shares with the company or with Indeval or an institution for the deposit of securities prior to the meeting as indicated in the notice. If entitled to attend a meeting, a shareholder may be represented by an attorney-in-fact.

In addition to the provisions of the Mexican General Corporations Law, the ordinary shareholders meeting shall be convened to approve any transaction that, in a fiscal year, represents 20% or more of the consolidated assets of the company as of the immediately prior quarter, whether such transaction is executed in one or several operations. All shareholders shall be entitled to vote on in such ordinary shareholders meeting, including those with limited or restricted voting rights.

Dividend Rights

At the annual ordinary general shareholders meeting,AGM, the board of directors submits the financial statements of the company for the previous fiscal year, together with a report thereon by the board of directors. Once the holders of Series B Shares have approved the financial statements, they determine the allocation of our net profits for the preceding year. Mexican law requires the allocation of at least 5% of net profits to a legal reserve, which is not subsequently available for distribution, until the amount of the legal reserve equals 20% of our paid in capital stock. Thereafter, the holders of Series B Shares may determine and allocate a certain percentage of net profits to any general or special reserve, including a reserve for open-market purchases of our shares. The remainder of net profits is available for distribution in the form of dividends to the shareholders. Dividends may only be paid if net profits are sufficient to offset losses from prior fiscal years.

Our bylaws provide that dividends will be allocated among the shares outstanding and fully paid at the time a dividend is declared in such manner that each Series D-B Share and Series D-L Share receives 125% of the dividend distributed in respect of each Series B Share. Holders of Series D-B Shares and Series D-L Shares are entitled to this dividend premium in connection with all dividends paid by us.

Change in Capital

Our outstanding capital stock consists of both a fixed and a variable portion. The fixed portion of our capital stock may be increased or decreased only by an amendment of the bylaws adopted by an extraordinary shareholders meeting. The variable portion of our capital stock may be increased or decreased by resolution of an ordinary shareholders meeting. Capital increases and decreases must be recorded in our share registry and book of capital variations, if applicable.

A capital stock increase may be effected through the issuance of new shares for payment in cash or in kind, or by capitalization of indebtedness or of certain items of stockholders’ equity. Treasury stock may only be sold pursuant to a public offering.

Any increase or decrease in our capital stock or any redemption or repurchase will be subject to the following limitations: (1) Series B Shares will always represent at least 51% of our outstanding capital stock and the Series D-L Shares and Series L Shares will never represent more than 25% of our outstanding capital stock; and (2) the Series D-B, Series D-L and Series L Shares will not exceed, in the aggregate, 49% of our outstanding capital stock.

Preemptive Rights

Under Mexican law, except in limited circumstances which are described below, in the event of an increase in our capital stock, a holder of record generally has the right to subscribe to shares of a series held by such holder sufficient to maintain such holder’s existing proportionate holding of shares of that series. Preemptive rights must be exercised during a term fixed by the shareholders at the meeting declaring the capital increase, which term must last at least 15 days following the publication of notice of the capital increase in the Official State Gazette. As a result of applicable United States securities laws, holders of ADSs may be restricted in their ability to participate in the exercise of preemptive rights under the terms of the deposit agreement. Shares subject to a preemptive rights offering, with respect to which preemptive rights have not been exercised, may be sold by us to third parties on the same terms and conditions previously approved by the shareholders or the board of directors. Under Mexican law, preemptive rights cannot be waived in advance or be assigned, or be represented by an instrument that is negotiable separately from the corresponding shares.

Our bylaws provide that shareholders will not have preemptive rights to subscribe shares in the event of a capital stock increase or listing of treasury stock in the following events: (i) merger of the Company; (ii) conversion of obligations in terms of the Mexican General Corporations Law;Credit Instruments and Credit Operations Law (Ley General de Títulos y Operaciones de Crédito); (iii) public offering in terms of articles 53, 56 and 56related provisions of the Mexican Securities Law; and (iv) capital increase made through the payment in kind of the issued shares or through the cancellation of debt of the Company; and (v) issuance of shares acquired by the company.Company.

Limitations on Share Ownership

Ownership by non-Mexican nationals of shares of Mexican companies is regulated by the Foreign Investment Law and its regulations. The Foreign Investment Commission is responsible for the administration of the Foreign Investment Law and its regulations.

As a general rule, the Foreign Investment Law allows foreign holdings of up to 100% of the capital stock of Mexican companies, except for those companies engaged in certain specified restricted industries. The Foreign Investment Law and its regulations require that Mexican shareholders retain the power to determine the administrative control and the management of corporations in industries in which special restrictions on foreign holdings are applicable. Foreign investment in our shares is not limited under either the Foreign Investment Law or its regulations.

Management of the Company

Management of the company is entrusted to the board of directors and also to the chief executive officer, who is required to follow the strategies, policies and guidelines approved by the board of directors and the authority, obligations and duties expressly authorized in the Mexican Securities Law.

At least 25% of the members of the board of directors shall be independent. Independence of the members of the board of directors is determined by the shareholders meeting, subject to the CNBV’s challenge of such determination. In the performance of its responsibilities, the board of directors will be supported by a corporate practices committee and an audit committee. The corporate practices committee and the audit committee consist solely of independent directors. Each committee is formed by at least three board members appointed by the shareholders or by the board of directors. The chairmen of said committees are appointed (taking into consideration their experience, capacity and professional prestige) and removed exclusively by a vote in a shareholders meeting or by the board of directors.

Surveillance

Surveillance of the company is entrusted to the board of directors, which shall be supported in the performance of these functions by the corporate practices committee, the audit committee and our external auditor. The external auditor may be invited to attend board of directors meetings as an observer, with a right to participate but without voting rights.

Authority of the Board of Directors

The board of directors is our legal representative and is authorized to take any action in connection with our operations not expressly reserved to our shareholders. Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Law, the board of directors must approve,observing at all moments their duty of care and duty of loyalty, among other matters:

 

any transactions with related parties outside the ordinary course of our business

 

significant asset transfers or acquisitions;

 

material guarantees or collateral;

 

internal policies; and

 

other material transactions.

Meetings of the board of directors are validly convened and held if a majority of the members are present. Resolutions passed at these meetings will be valid if approved by a majority of members of the board of directors are present at the meeting. If required, the chairman of the board of directors may cast a tie-breaking vote.

Redemption

We may redeem part of our shares for cancellation with distributable earnings pursuant to a decision of an extraordinary shareholders meeting. Only shares subscribed and fully paid for may be redeemed. Any shares intended to be redeemed shall be purchased on the Mexican Stock Exchange in accordance with the Mexican General Corporations Law and the Mexican Securities Law. No shares will be redeemed, if as a consequence of such redemption, the Series D and Series L Shares in the aggregate exceed the percentages permitted by our bylaws or if any such redemption will reduce our fixed capital below its minimum.

Repurchase of Shares

According to our bylaws, subject to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Law and under rules promulgated by the CNBV, we may repurchase our shares.

In accordance with the Mexican Securities Law, our subsidiaries may not purchase, directly or indirectly, shares of our capital stock or any security that represents such shares.

Forfeiture of Shares

As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that non-Mexican holders of BD Units, B Units or shares (1) are considered to be Mexican with respect to such shares that they acquire or hold and (2) may not invoke the protection of their own governments in respect of the investment represented by those shares. Failure to comply with our bylaws may result in a penalty of forfeiture of a shareholder’s capital stock in favor of the Mexican state. In the opinion of Lic. Carlos E. Aldrete Ancira, our general counsel, under this provision, a non-Mexican shareholder (including a non-Mexican holder of ADSs) is deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of its own government by asking such government to interpose a diplomatic claim against the Mexican state with respect to its rights as a shareholder, but is not deemed to have waived any other rights it may have, including any rights under the United States securities laws, with respect to its investment in our company. If a shareholder should invoke governmental protection in violation of this agreement, its shares could be forfeited to the Mexican state.

Duration

The bylaws provide that the duration of our company is 99 years, commencing on May 30, 1936.1936, unless extended by a resolution of an extraordinary shareholders meeting.

Appraisal Rights

Whenever the shareholders approve a change of corporate purpose, change of jurisdiction of incorporation or the transformation from one form of corporate organization to another, any shareholder entitled to vote on such change that has voted against it, may withdraw as a shareholder of our company and have its shares redeemed by FEMSA at a price per share calculated as specified under applicable Mexican law, provided that it exercises its right within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the change was approved. Under Mexican law, the amount which a withdrawing shareholder is entitled to receive is equal to its proportionate interest in our capital stock or according to our most recent balance sheet approved by an ordinary general shareholders meeting.

Delisting of Shares

In the event of a cancellation of the registration of any of our shares with the RNV, whether by order of the CNBV or at our request with the prior consent of 95% of the holders of our outstanding capital stock, our bylaws and the new Mexican Securities Law require us to make a public offer to acquire these shares prior to their cancellation.

Liquidation

Upon the dissolution of our company, one or more liquidators must be appointed by an extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders to wind up its affairs. All fully paid and outstanding shares of capital stock will be entitled to participate equally in any distribution upon liquidation.

Actions Against Directors

Shareholders (including holders of Series D-B and Series D-L Shares) representing, in the aggregate, not less than 5% of our capital stock may directly bring an action against directors.

In the event of actions derived from any breach of the duty of care and the duty of loyalty, liability is exclusively in favor of the company. The Mexican Securities Law establishes that liability may be imposed on the members and the secretary of the board of directors, as well as to the relevant officers.

Notwithstanding, the Mexican Securities Law provides that the members of the board of directors will not incur, individually or jointly, liability for damages and losses caused to the company, when their acts were made in good faith, in any of the following events (1) the directors complied with the requirements of the Mexican Securities Law and with the company’s bylaws, (2) the decision making or voting was based on information provided by the relevant officers, the external auditor or the independent experts, whose capacity and credibility do not offer reasonable doubt; (3) the negative economic effects could not have been foreseen, based on the information available; and (4) they comply with the resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting when such resolutions comply with applicable law.

Fiduciary Duties—Duty of Care

The Mexican Securities Law provides that the directors shall act in good faith and in our best interest and in the best interest of our subsidiaries. In order to fulfill its duty, the board of directors may:

 

request information about us or our subsidiaries that is reasonably necessary to fulfill its duties;

 

require our officers and certain other persons, including the external auditors, to appear at board of directors’ meetings to report to the board of directors;

 

postpone board of directors’ meetings for up to three days when a director has not been given sufficient notice of the meeting or in the event that a director has not been provided with the information provided to the other directors; and

 

require a matter be discussed and voted upon by the full board of directors in the presence of the secretary of the board of directors.

Our directors may be liable for damages for failing to comply their duty of care if such failure causes economic damage to us or our subsidiaries and the director (1) failed to attend, board of directors’ or committee meetings and as a result of, such failure, the board of directors was unable to take action, unless such absence is approved by the shareholders meeting, (2) failed to disclose to the board of directors or the committees material information necessary for the board of directors to reach a decision, unless legally or contractually prohibited from doing so in order to maintain confidentiality, and (3) failed to comply with the duties imposed by the Mexican Securities Law or our bylaws.

Fiduciary Duties—Duty of Loyalty

The Mexican Securities Law provides that the directors and secretary of the board of directors shall keep confidential any non-public information and matters about which they have knowledge as a result of their position. Also, directors should abstain from participating, attending or voting at meetings related to matters where they have a conflict of interest.

The directors and secretary of the board of directors will be deemed to have violated the duty of loyalty, and will be liable for damages, when they obtain an economic benefit by virtue of their position. Further, the directors will fail to comply with their duty of loyalty if they:

 

vote at a board of directors’ meeting or take any action on a matter involving our assets where there is a conflict of interest;

 

fail to disclose a conflict of interest during a board of directors’ meeting;

 

enter into ana voting arrangement to support a particular shareholder or group of shareholders against the other shareholders;

 

approve of transactions without complying with the requirements of the Mexican Securities Law;

 

use company property in violation of the policies approved by the board of directors;

 

unlawfully use material non-public information; and

 

usurp a corporate opportunity for their own benefit or the benefit of third parties, without the prior approval of the board of directors.

Limited Liability of Shareholders

The liability of shareholders for our company’s losses is limited to their shareholdings in our company.

Taxation

The following summary contains a description of certain U.S. federal income and Mexican federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our ADSs by a holder that is a citizen or resident of the United States, a U.S. domestic corporation or a person or entity that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of our ADSs, whom we refer to as a U.S. holder, but it does not purport to be a description of all of the possible tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, hold or dispose of ADSs. In particular, this discussion does not address all Mexican or U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular investor, nor does it address the special tax rules applicable to certain categories of investors, such as banks, dealers, traders who elect to mark to market, tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, certain short-term holders of ADSs or investors who hold our ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion or integrated transaction or investors who have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar. This summary deals only with U.S. holders that will hold our ADSs as capital assets and does not address the tax treatment of a U.S. holder that owns or is treated as owning 10% or more of the voting shares (including ADSs) of the company.

This summary is based upon the federal tax laws of the United States and Mexico as in effect on the date of this annual report, including the provisions of the income tax treaty between the United States and Mexico which we refer to as the Tax Treaty, which are subject to change. The summary does not address any tax consequences under the laws of any state or locality of Mexico or the United States or the laws of any taxing jurisdiction other than the federal laws of Mexico and the United States. Holders of our ADSs should consult their tax advisors as to the U.S., Mexican or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws.

Mexican Taxation

For purposes of this summary, the term “non-resident holder” means a holder that is not a resident of Mexico for tax purposes and that does not hold our ADSs in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment for tax purposes in Mexico. For purposes of Mexican taxation, an individual is a resident of Mexico if he or she has established his or her home in Mexico, or if he or she has another home outside Mexico, but his or herCentro de Intereses Vitales (Center of Vital Interests) (as defined in the Mexican Tax Code) is located in Mexico and, among other circumstances, more than 50% of that person’s total income during a calendar year comes from within Mexico. A legal entity is a resident of Mexico either if it has either its principal place of business or its place of effective management in Mexico. A Mexican citizen is presumed to be a resident of Mexico unless he or she can demonstrate that the contrary is true. If a legal entity or an individual is deemed to have a permanent establishment in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to the permanent establishment will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable tax laws.

Taxation of Dividends. Under Mexican income tax law, dividends, either in cash or in kind, paid with respect to our shares represented by our ADSs are not subject to Mexican withholding tax.

Taxation of Dispositions of ADSs. Gains from the sale or disposition of ADSs by non-resident holders will not be subject to Mexican tax, if the disposition is carried out through a stock exchange recognized under applicable Mexican tax law.

GainsIn compliance with certain requirements, gains on the sale or other disposition of ADSs made in circumstances different from those set forth in the prior paragraph generally would be subject to Mexican tax, regardless of the nationality or residence of the transferor. However, under the Tax Treaty, a holder that is eligible to claim the benefits of the Tax Treaty will be exempt from Mexican tax on gains realized on a sale or other disposition of our ADSs in a transaction that is not carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or other approved securities markets, so long as the holder did not own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of our outstanding capital stock (including shares represented by our ADSs) within the 12-month period preceding such sale or other disposition. Deposits of shares in exchange for ADSs and withdrawals of shares in exchange for our ADSs will not give rise to Mexican tax.

Other Mexican Taxes. There are no Mexican inheritance, gift, succession or value added taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer, exchange or disposition of our ADSs. There are no Mexican stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of our ADSs.

United States Taxation

Taxation of Dividends.The gross amount of any dividends paid with respect to our shares represented by our ADSs generally will be included in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the day on which the dividends are received by the ADS depositary and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Dividends, which will be paid in Mexican pesos, will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated, in general, by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date that they are received by the ADS depositary (regardless of whether such Mexican pesos are in fact converted into U.S. dollars on such date). If such dividends are converted

into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividends. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the treatment of the foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any Mexican pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to the date of receipt. Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual U.S. holder in respect of the ADSs for taxable years beginning before January 1, 20112013 is subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15% if the dividends are “qualified dividends.” Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (1) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the Internal Revenue Service has approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules and (2) we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company. The income tax treaty between Mexico and the United States has been approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules. Based on our audited consolidated financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 20072011 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited consolidated financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate becoming a passive foreign investment company for our 20082012 taxable year. Dividends generally will constitute foreign source “passive income” for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

Distributions to holders of additional shares with respect to our ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

A holder of ADSs that is, with respect to the United States, a foreign corporation or non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received on ADSs unless such income is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States.

Taxation of Capital Gains. A gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of ADSs will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as a capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the disposition and such U.S. holder’s tax basis in the ADSs. Any such gain or loss will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the ADSs were held for more than one year on the date of such sale. Any long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. holder that is an individual is subject to a reduced rate of federal income taxation. The deduction of capital losses is subject to limitations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Deposits and withdrawals of shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gains or losses for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Any gain realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of ADSs will be treated as U.S. source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

A non-U.S. holder of ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain realized on the sale of ADSs, unless (1) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States, or (2) in the case of a gain realized by an individual non-U.S. holder, the non-U.S. holder is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met.

United States Backup Withholding and Information Reporting. A U.S. holder of ADSs may, under certain circumstances, be subject to “backup withholding” with respect to certain payments to such U.S. holder, such as dividends, interest or the proceeds of a sale or disposition of ADSs, unless such holder (1) is a corporation or comes within certain exempt categories, and demonstrates this fact when so required, or (2) provides a correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Any amount withheld under these rules does not constitute a separate tax and will be creditable against the holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. While non-U.S. holders generally are exempt from backup withholding, a non-U.S. holder may, in certain circumstances, be required to comply with certain information and identification procedures in order to prove this exemption.

Material Contracts

We and our subsidiaries are parties to a variety of material agreements with third parties, including shareholders’ agreements, supply agreements and purchase and service agreements. Set forth below are summaries of the material terms of such agreements. The actual agreements have either been filed as exhibits to, or incorporated by reference in, this annual report. See “Item 19. Exhibits.”

Material Contracts Relating to Coca-Cola FEMSA

Shareholders Agreement

Coca-Cola FEMSA operates pursuant to a shareholders agreement among two subsidiaries of FEMSA, The Coca-Cola Company and certain of its subsidiaries. This agreement, together with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws, sets forth the basic rules under which Coca-Cola FEMSA operates.

In February 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s main shareholders, FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company, amended the shareholders agreement, contemplatesand Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws were amended accordingly. The amendment mainly relates to changes in the voting requirements for decisions on: (1) ordinary operations within an annual business plan and (2) appointment of the chief executive officer and all officers reporting to him, all of which now may be taken by the board of directors by simple majority voting. Also, the amendment provides that payment of dividends, up to an amount equivalent to 20% of the preceding years’ retained earnings, may be approved by a simple majority of the shareholders. Any decision on extraordinary matters, as they are defined in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws and which include, among other things, any new business acquisition or business combinations in an amount exceeding US$ 100 million and outside the ordinary operations contained in the annual business plan, or any change in the existing line of business, shall require the approval of the majority of the members of the board of directors, with the vote of two of the members appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. Also, any decision related to such extraordinary matters or any payment of dividends above 20% of the preceding years’ retained earnings shall require the approval of the majority of the shareholders of each of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Series A and Series D Shares voting together as a single class, a majority of which must include the majority of the Coca-Cola FEMSA will be managed in accordance with one-year and five-year business plans, although in practice, it is now managed according to a three-year plan.Series D shareholders.

Under Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws and shareholders agreement, its Series A Shares and Series D Shares are the only shares with full voting rights and, therefore, control actions by its shareholders. Except in certain limited situations, the holders of Series A Shares and Series D Shares have the power to determine the outcome of all actions requiring approval by the shareholders. For actions by its board of directors, a supermajority including the directors appointed by the holders of Series D Shares is required for all actions.

The shareholders agreement also sets forth the principal shareholders’ understanding as to the effect of adverse actions of The Coca-Cola Company under the bottler agreements. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws and shareholders agreement provide that a majority of the directors appointed by the holders of its Series A Shares, upon making a reasonable, good faith determination that any action of The Coca-Cola Company under any bottler agreement between The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA or any of its subsidiaries is materially adverse to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business interests and that The Coca-Cola Company has failed to cure such action within 60 days of notice, may declare a simple majority period at any time within 90 days after giving notice. During the simple“simple majority period,” as defined in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws, certain decisions, namely the approval of material changes in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s business plans, the introduction of a new, or termination of an existing, line of business, and related party transactions outside the ordinary course of business, which would ordinarily requireto the extent the presence and approval of at least two Coca-Cola FEMSA Series D directors would otherwise be required, can be made by a simple majority vote of its entire board of directors, without requiring the presence or approval of any Coca-Cola FEMSA Series D director. A majority of the Coca-Cola FEMSA Series A directors may terminate a simple majority period but, once having done so, cannot declare another simple majority period for one year after the termination. If a simple majority period persists for one year or more, the provisions of the shareholders agreement for resolution of irreconcilable differences may be triggered, with the consequences outlined in the following paragraph.

In addition to the rights of first refusal provided for in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws regarding proposed transfers of its Series A Shares or Series D Shares, the shareholders agreement contemplates three circumstances under which one principal shareholder may purchase the interest of the other in Coca-Cola FEMSA: (1) a change in control in a principal shareholder; (2) the existence of irreconcilable differences between the principal shareholders; or (3) the occurrence of certain specified defaults.events of default.

In the event that (1) one of the principal shareholders buys the other’s interest in Coca-Cola FEMSA in any of the circumstances described above or (2) the ownership of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s shares of capital stock other than the Series L Shares of the subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company or FEMSA is reduced below 20% and upon the request of the shareholder whose interest is not so reduced, the shareholders agreement requires that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws be amended to eliminate all share transfer restrictions and all super-majorityspecial-majority voting and quorum requirements, after which the shareholders agreement would terminate. In the event that the ownership of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s shares of capital stock other than the Series L Shares of the subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company or FEMSA is reduced below 25% (but not below 20%) and upon the request of the shareholder whose interest is not so reduced, the shareholders agreement requires that Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws be amended to eliminate all super-majority voting and quorum requirements, other than those relating to the share transfer restrictions.

The shareholders agreement also contains provisions relating to the principal shareholders’ understanding as to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s growth. It states that it is The Coca-Cola Company’s intention that Coca-Cola FEMSA will be viewed as one of a small number of its “anchor” bottlers in Latin America. In particular, the parties agree that it is desirable that Coca-Cola FEMSA expands by acquiring additional bottler territories in Mexico and other Latin American countries in the event any become available through horizontal growth. In addition, The Coca-Cola Company has agreed, subject to a number of conditions, that if it obtains ownership of a bottler territory that fits with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operations, it will give Coca-Cola FEMSA the option to acquire such territory. The Coca-Cola Company has also agreed to support prudent and sound modifications to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital structure to support horizontal growth. The Coca-Cola Company’s agreement as to horizontal growth expires upon either the elimination of the super-majority voting requirements described above or The Coca-Cola Company’s election to terminate the agreement as a result of a default.

The Coca-Cola Memorandum

In connection with the acquisition of Panamco, in 2003, Coca-Cola FEMSA established certain understandings primarily relating to operational and business issues with both The Coca-Cola Company and our company that were memorialized in writing prior to completion of the acquisition. Although the memorandum has not been amended, Coca-Cola FEMSA continues to develop its relationship with The Coca-Cola Company (through,inter alia, acquisitions and taking on new product categories), and Coca-Cola FEMSA therefore believes that the memorandum should be interpreted in the context of subsequent events, some of which have been noted in the description below. The terms are as follows:

 

The current stockholdershareholder arrangements between directly wholly-owned subsidiaries of our company and The Coca-Cola Company will continue in place. On February 1, 2010, FEMSA amended its shareholders agreement with The Coca-Cola Company. See “—Shareholders Agreement.”

 

We will continue to consolidate Coca-Cola FEMSA’s financial results.results under IFRS.

 

The Coca-Cola Company and our company will continue to discuss in good faith the possibility of implementing changes to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital structure in the future.

 

There will be no changes in concentrate pricing or marketing support by The Coca-Cola Company up to May 2004. After such time, The Coca-Cola Company has complete discretion to implement any changes with respect to these matters, but any decision in this regard will be discussed with Coca-Cola FEMSA and will take Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operating condition into consideration. In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company decided to gradually increase concentrate prices for sparkling beverages over a three-year period in Brazil beginning in 2006 and in Mexico beginning in 2007. These increases were fully implemented in Brazil 2008 and in Mexico in 2009.

The Coca-Cola Company may require the establishment of a different long-term strategy for Brazil. If, after taking into account our performance in Brazil, The Coca-Cola Company does not consider us to be part of this long-term strategic solution for Brazil, then we will sell our Brazilian franchise to The Coca-Cola Company or its designee at fair market value. Fair market value would be determined by independent investment bankers retained by each party at their own expense pursuant to specified procedures. Coca-Cola FEMSA currently believes the likelihood of this term applying is remote.

 

FEMSA, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA will meet to discuss the optimal Latin American territorial configuration for the Coca-Cola bottler system. During these meetings, Coca-Cola FEMSA will consider all possible combinations and any asset swap transactions that may arise from these discussions. In addition, Coca-Cola FEMSA will entertain any potential combination as long as it is strategically sound and done at fair market value.

Coca-Cola FEMSA would like to keep open strategic alternatives that relate to the integration of sparkling beverages and beer. The Coca-Cola Company, our company and Coca-Cola FEMSA would explore these alternatives on a market-by-market basis at the appropriate time.

 

The Coca-Cola Company agreed to sell to a subsidiary of our company sufficient shares to permit FEMSA to beneficially own 51% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s outstanding capital stock (assuming that this subsidiary of FEMSA does not sell any shares and that there are no issuances of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s stock other than as contemplated by the acquisition). As a result of this understanding, on November 3, 2006, FEMSA acquired, through a subsidiary, 148,000,000 of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Series D shares from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company, representing 9.4% of the total outstanding voting shares and 8.02% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA, at a price of US$ 2.888 per share for an aggregate amount of US$ 427.4 million. Pursuant to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws, the acquired shares were converted from Coca-Cola FEMSA Series D Shares to Coca-Cola FEMSA Series A Shares.

 

Coca-Cola FEMSA may be entering some markets where significant infrastructure investment may be required. The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA will conduct a joint study that will outline strategies for these markets, as well as the investment levels required to execute these strategies. Subsequently, it is intended that our company and The Coca-Cola Company will reach agreement on the level of funding to be provided by each of the partners. The parties intend that this allocation of funding responsibilities would not be overly burdensome for either partner.

 

Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a stand-by credit facility, on December 19, 2003 with The Coca-Cola Export Corporation, which expired in December 2006 and was never used.

New Cooperation Framework with theThe Coca-Cola Company

On September 1, 2006, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company arrived atreached a comprehensive cooperation framework for a new stage of collaboration going forward. This new framework includes the main aspects of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s relationship with The Coca-Cola Company and defines the terms for the new collaborative business model. The framework is structured around three main objectives:objectives, which have been implemented as outlined below.

 

  

Sustainable growth of sparkling beverages, still beverages and bottled water: Together with The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA has defined a platform to jointly pursue organically and through acquisitions, incremental growth in the sparkling beverage category, as well as accelerated development of still beverages and bottled water across Latin America. To this end, The Coca-Cola Company will provide a relevant portion of the funds derived from the concentrate increase tofor marketing support of the entire portfolio. In addition, the new framework contemplates a new, all-encompassing business model for the development of still beverages that further aligns Coca-Cola FEMSA’s and The Coca-Cola Company’s objectives and should contribute to incremental long-term value creation at both companies. With this objective in mind, Coca-Cola FEMSA has jointly acquired theBrisa bottled water business in Colombia, it has formalized a joint venture with respect to the Jugos del Valle products in Mexico and Brazil, and has formalized its agreements to develop theCrystal water business and theMatte Leão business in Brazil jointly with other bottlers and the business of Estrella Azul in Panama. In addition, during 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company formalized a joint venture to develop certain coffee products in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories.

 

  

Horizontal growth: The new framework includes The Coca-Cola Company’s endorsement of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s aspiration to continue being a leading participant in the consolidation of the Coca-Cola system in Latin America, as well as the exploration of potential opportunities in other markets where Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operating model and strong execution capabilities could be leveraged. For example, in 2008 Coca-Cola FEMSA entered into a transaction with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire from it REMIL, which was The Coca-Cola Company’s wholly-owned bottling franchise in the majority of the State of Minas Gerais of Brazil.

  

Long-term vision in relationship economics: Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company understand each other’s business objectives and growth plans, and the new framework provides long-term perspective on the economics of their relationship. This will allow Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company to focus on continuing to drive the business forward and generating profitable growth.

Bottler Agreements

Bottler agreements are the standard agreements for each territory that The Coca-Cola Company enters into with bottlers outside the United States for the sale of concentrates for certain Coca-Cola trademark beverages.States. Coca-Cola FEMSA manufactures, packages, distributes and sells sparkling beverages, bottled still beverages and bottled water under a separate bottler agreement for each of its territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA is required to purchase concentrate and artificial sweeteners in some of its territories for allCoca-Cola trademark beverages from companies designated by The Coca-Cola Company.

These bottler agreements provide that Coca-Cola FEMSA will purchase its entire requirement of concentratesconcentrate forCoca-Cola trademark beverages from The Coca-Cola Company and other authorized suppliers at prices, terms of payment and on other terms and conditions of supply as determined from time to time by The Coca-Cola Company at its sole discretion. Concentrate prices are determined as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency, net of applicable taxes. Although the price multipliers used to calculate the cost of concentrate and the currency of payment, among other terms, are set by The Coca-Cola Company at its sole discretion, Coca-Cola FEMSA sets the price of products sold to retailerscustomers at its discretion, subject to the applicability of price restraints. Coca-Cola FEMSA has the exclusive right to distributeCoca-Cola trademark beverages for sale in its territories in authorized containers of the nature prescribed by the bottler agreements and currently used by Coca-Cola FEMSA. These containers include various configurations of cans and returnable and non-returnable bottles made of glass and plastic and fountain containers.

The bottler agreements include an acknowledgment by Coca-Cola FEMSA that The Coca-Cola Company is the sole owner of the trademarks that identify theCoca-Cola trademark beverages and of the secret formulas with which The Coca-Cola Company’s concentrates are made. Subject to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s exclusive right to distributeCoca-Colatrademark beverages in its territories, The Coca-Cola Company reserves the right to import and exportCoca-Cola trademark beverages to and from each of its territories. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements do not contain restrictions on The Coca-Cola Company’s ability to set the price of concentrates charged to its subsidiaries and do not impose minimum marketing obligations on The Coca-Cola Company. The prices at which Coca-Cola FEMSA purchases concentrates under the bottler agreements may vary materially from the prices it has historically paid. However, under Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws and the shareholders agreement among certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company and certain of its subsidiaries and certain subsidiaries of our company, an adverse action by The Coca-Cola Company under any of the bottler agreements may result in a suspension of certain veto rights of the directors appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. This provides usCoca-Cola FEMSA with limited protection against The Coca-Cola Company’s ability to raise concentrate prices to the extent that such increase is deemed detrimental to Coca-Cola FEMSA pursuant to the shareholdersuch shareholders agreement and the Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bylaws. See “—Shareholders Agreement.”

The Coca-Cola Company has the ability, at its sole discretion, to reformulate any of theCoca-Cola trademark beverages and to discontinue any of theCoca-Cola trademark beverages, subject to certain limitations, so long as allCoca-Cola trademark beverages are not discontinued. The Coca-Cola Company may also introduce new beverages in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in which case Coca-Cola FEMSA has a right of first refusal with respect to the manufacturing, packaging, distribution and sale of such new beverages subject to the same obligations as then exist with respect to theCoca-Cola trademark beverages under the bottler agreements. The bottler agreements prohibit Coca-Cola FEMSA from producing, bottling or handling cola products other than those of The Coca-Cola Company, or other products or packages that would imitate, infringe upon, or cause confusion with the products, trade dress, containers or trademarks of The Coca-Cola Company, or from acquiring or holding an interest in a party that engages in such restricted activities. The bottler agreements also prohibit Coca-Cola FEMSA from producing, bottling or handling any sparkling beverage product except under the authority of, or with the consent of, The Coca-Cola Company. The bottler agreements impose restrictions concerning the use of certain trademarks, authorized containers, packaging and labeling of The Coca-Cola Company so as to conform to policies prescribed by The Coca-Cola Company. In particular, Coca-Cola FEMSA is obligated to:

maintain plant and equipment, staff and distribution facilities capable of manufacturing, packaging and distributing the Coca-Cola trademark beverages in authorized containers in accordance with Coca-Cola FEMSA bottler agreements and in sufficient quantities to satisfy fully the demand in its territories;

maintain plant and equipment, staff and distribution facilities capable of manufacturing, packaging and distributing theCoca-Cola trademark beverages in authorized containers in accordance with Coca-Cola FEMSA bottler agreements and in sufficient quantities to satisfy fully the demand in its territories;

 

undertake adequate quality control measures prescribed by The Coca-Cola Company;

 

  

develop, stimulate and satisfy fully the demand forCoca-Cola trademark beverages using all approved means, which includes the investment in advertising and marketing plans;

 

maintain a sound financial capacity as may be reasonably necessary to assure performance by Coca-Cola FEMSA and its affiliates of their obligations to The Coca-Cola Company; and

submit annually, to The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola FEMSA’s marketing, management, promotional and advertising plans for the ensuing year.

The Coca-Cola Company contributed a significant portion of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s total marketing expenses in its territories during 2008, a period in which Coca-Cola FEMSA contributed to The Coca-Cola Company’s marketing expenses2011 and has reiterated its intention to continue providing such support as part of ourits new cooperation framework. Although Coca-Cola FEMSA believes that The Coca-Cola Company will continue to provide funds for advertising and marketing, it is not obligated to do so. Consequently, future levels of advertising and marketing support provided by The Coca-Cola Company may vary materially from the levels historically provided. See “—Shareholders Agreement.”

Coca-Cola FEMSA has separate bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company for each of the territories in which it operates. Some of theseThese bottler agreements renew automatically unless oneare renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of the parties giveseither party to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew a specific agreement.

As of December 31, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA had seven bottler agreements in Mexico, with each one corresponding to a different territory as follows: (i) the agreements for Mexico’s Valley territory expire in June 2013 and April 2016; (ii) the agreements for the Central territory expire in May 2015 and July 2016; (iii) the agreement while others require anfor the Northeast territory expires in September 2014; (iv) the agreement betweenfor the parties or require Coca-Cola FEMSA to give notice electing to renewBajio territory expires in May 2015; and (v) the agreement.

agreement for the Southeast territory expires in June 2013. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements for Mexico expire in 2013 for two of its territories, and in 2015 for the other two territories. The agreements are renewable, in each case, for ten-year terms. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreements for Guatemala, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama (other beverages), Venezuela and Colombia expire on July 31, 2009, pursuant to letters of extension. These bottler agreements are renewable by agreement of the parties. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement forCoca-Cola trademark beverages for Panama has an indefinite term but may be terminated with six months prior written notice by either party. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Argentina expires in 2014. Coca-Cola FEMSA’s bottler agreement for Brazil expired in December 2004. Coca-Cola FEMSA is also operating under the terms of the existing Brazilian bottler agreement in the acquired territory of REMIL. For the expired agreements and the agreements expiring this year, Coca-Cola FEMSA is currently in the process of negotiating renewals for such agreements on similar terms and conditions as the rest of the countries and Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company will continue operating under the terms of the existing agreements.expire for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in other countries as follows: Argentina in September 2014; Brazil in April 2014; Colombia in June 2014; Venezuela in August 2016; Guatemala in March 2015; Costa Rica in September 2017; Nicaragua in May 2016; and Panama in November 2014.

The bottler agreements are subject to termination by The Coca-Cola Company in the event of default by Coca-Cola FEMSA. The default provisions include limitations on the change in ownership or control of Coca-Cola FEMSA and the assignment or transfer of the bottler agreements and are designed to preclude any person not acceptable to The Coca-Cola Company from obtaining an assignment of a bottler agreement or from acquiring Coca-Cola FEMSA independently of similarother rights set forth in the shareholders agreement. These provisions may prevent changes in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s principal shareholders, including mergers or acquisitions involving sales or dispositions of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock, which will involve an effective change of control without the consent of The Coca-Cola Company. See “—Shareholders Agreement.”

Coca-Cola FEMSA has also entered into tradename licensing agreements with The Coca-Cola Company pursuant to which Coca-Cola FEMSA is authorized to use certain trademark names of The Coca-Cola Company. These agreements have an indefinitea ten-year term, but are terminated if Coca-Cola FEMSA’s ceases to manufacture, market, sell and distributeCoca-Cola trademark products pursuant to the bottler agreements or if the shareholders agreement is terminated. The Coca-Cola Company also has the right to terminate thea license agreement if Coca-Cola FEMSA uses its trademark names in a manner not authorized by the bottler agreements.

Material Contracts Relating to our Holding of Heineken Shares

Share Exchange Agreement

On January 11, 2010, FEMSA and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a share exchange agreement, which we refer to as the Share Exchange Agreement, with Heineken Holding N.V. and Heineken N.V. The Share Exchange Agreement required Heineken N.V., in consideration for 100% of the shares of EMPREX Cerveza, S.A. de C.V. (now Heineken Mexico Holding, S.A. de C.V.), which we refer to as EMPREX Cerveza, to deliver at the closing of the Heineken transaction 86,028,019 newly-issued Heineken N.V. shares to FEMSA with a commitment to deliver, pursuant to the ASDI, 29,172,504 Allotted Shares over a period of not more than five years from the date of the closing of the Heineken transaction. As of October 5, 2011, we had received the totality of the Allotted Shares.

The Share Exchange Agreement provided that, simultaneously with the closing of the transaction, Heineken Holding N.V. would swap 43,018,320 Heineken N.V. shares with FEMSA for an equal number of newly issued Heineken Holding N.V. shares. After the closing of the Heineken transaction, we owned 7.5% of Heineken N.V.’s shares. This percentage increased to 12.53% upon full delivery of the Allotted Shares and, together with our ownership of 14.94% of Heineken Holding N.V.’s shares, represents an aggregate 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group.

Under the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, in exchange for such economic interest in the Heineken Group, FEMSA delivered 100% of the shares representing the capital stock of EMPREX Cerveza, which owned 100% of the shares of FEMSA Cerveza. As a result of the transaction, EMPREX Cerveza and FEMSA Cerveza became wholly-owned subsidiaries of Heineken.

The principal provisions of the Share Exchange Agreement are as follows:

delivery to Heineken N.V., by FEMSA, of 100% of the outstanding share capital of EMPREX Cerveza, which together with its subsidiaries, constitutes the entire beer business and operations of FEMSA in Mexico and Brazil (including the United States and other export business);

delivery to FEMSA by Heineken N.V. of 86,028,019 new Heineken N.V. shares;

simultaneously with the closing of the Heineken transaction, a swap between Heineken Holding N.V. and FEMSA of 43,018,320 Heineken N.V. shares for an equal number of newly issued shares in Heineken Holding N.V.;

the commitment by Heineken N.V. to assume indebtedness of EMPREX Cerveza and subsidiaries amounting to approximately US$2.1 billion;

the provision by FEMSA to the Heineken Group of indemnities customary in transactions of this nature concerning FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza and its subsidiaries and their businesses;

FEMSA’s covenants to operate the EMPREX Cerveza business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice until the closing of the transaction, subject to customary exceptions, with the economic risks and benefits of the EMPREX Cerveza business transferring to Heineken as of January 1, 2010;

the provision by Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. to FEMSA of indemnities customary in transactions of this nature concerning the Heineken Group; and

FEMSA’s covenants, subject to certain limitations, to not engage in the production, manufacture, packaging, distribution, marketing or sale of beer and similar beverages in Latin America, the United States, Canada and the Caribbean.

Corporate Governance Agreement

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA, CB Equity (as transferee of the Heineken N.V. & Heineken Holding N.V. Exchange Shares and Allotted Shares), Heineken N.V. Heineken Holding N.V. and L’Arche Green N.V., as majority shareholder of Heineken Holding N.V., entered into the corporate governance agreement, which we refer to as the Corporate Governance Agreement, which establishes the terms of the relationship between Heineken and FEMSA after the closing of the Heineken transaction.

The Corporate Governance Agreement covers, among other things, the following topics:

FEMSA’s representation on the Heineken Holding Board and the Heineken Supervisory Board and the creation of an Americas committee, also with FEMSA’s representation;

FEMSA’s representation on the selection and appointment committee and the audit committee of the Heineken Supervisory Board;

FEMSA’s commitment to not increase its holding in Heineken Holding N.V. above 20% and to not increase its holding in the Heineken Group above a maximum 20% economic interest (subject to certain exceptions); and

FEMSA’s agreement to not transfer any shares in Heineken N.V. or Heineken Holding N.V. for a five-year period, subject to certain exceptions, including among others, (i) beginning in the third anniversary, the right to sell up to 1% of all outstanding shares of each of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. in any calendar quarter and (ii) beginning in the third anniversary, the right to dividend or distribute to its shareholders each of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares.

Under the Corporate Governance Agreement, FEMSA is entitled to nominate two representatives to the Heineken Supervisory Board, one of whom will be appointed as Vice Chairman of the board of Heineken N.V. and will also serve as a representative of FEMSA on the Heineken Holding N.V. Board of Directors. Our nominees for appointment to the Heineken Supervisory Board were José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines, our Chief Financial Officer, who were both approved by Heineken N.V.’s general meeting of shareholders. Mr. José Antonio Fernández was also approved to the Heineken Holding N.V. Board of Directors by the general meeting of shareholders of Heineken Holding N.V.

In addition, the Heineken Supervisory Board has created an Americas committee to oversee the strategic direction of the business in the American continent and assess new business opportunities in that region. The Americas committee consists of two existing members of the Heineken Supervisory Board and one FEMSA representative, who acts as the chairman. The chairman of the Americas committee is José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.

The Corporate Governance Agreement has no fixed term, but certain provisions cease to apply if FEMSA ceases to have the right to nominate a representative to the Heineken Holding N.V. Board of Directors and the Heineken N.V. Supervisory Board. For example, in certain circumstances, FEMSA would be entitled to only one representative on the Heineken Supervisory Board, including in the event that FEMSA’s economic interest in the Heineken Group were to fall below 14%, the current FEMSA control structure were to change or FEMSA were to be subject to a change of control. In the event that FEMSA’s economic interest in Heineken falls below 7% or a beer producer acquires control of FEMSA, all of FEMSA’s corporate governance rights would end pursuant to the Corporate Governance Agreement.

Documents on Display

We file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC that apply to foreign private issuers. You may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at its public reference rooms in Washington, D.C., at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. Filings we make electronically with the SEC are also available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

ITEM 11.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our business activities require the holding or issuing of derivative financial instruments that expose us to market risks related to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity risk and commodity price risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates. At December 31, 2008,2011, we had outstanding long-term indebtednesstotal debt of Ps. 38,05929,604 million, of which 30.7%47% bore interest at fixed interest rates and 69.3%53% bore interest at variable interest rates. Swap contracts held by us effectively switch a portion of our variable rate indebtedness into fixed-rate indebtedness. After giving effect to these contracts, as of December 31, 2008, 63.9%2011, 59% of our long-term indebtednesstotal debt was fixed rate and 36.1%41% of our long-term indebtednesstotal debt was variable rate. The interest rate on our variable rate debt is determined by reference to the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, (a benchmark rate used for Eurodollar loans), theTasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio (Equilibrium Interbank Interest Rate)Rate, or TIIE,TIIE), and theCertificados de la Tesorería(Treasury Certificates)Certificates, or CETESCETES) rate. If these reference rates increase, our interest payments would consequently increase.

The table below provides information about our derivative financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates and exchange rates. The table presents notional amounts and weighted average interest rates by expected contractual maturity dates. Notional amounts are used to calculate the contractual payments to be exchanged under the contract. Weighted average variable rates are based on the reference rates on December 31, 2008,2011, plus spreads contracted by us. Our derivative financial instruments’ current payments are denominated in U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos and Brazilian reais.pesos. All of the payments in the table are presented in Mexican pesos, our reporting currency, utilizing the December 31, 200830, 2011 exchange rate of 13.5383 Mexican pesosPs. 13.9510 per U.S. dollar, and 5.7930 Mexican pesos per Brazilian reais.dollar.

The table below also includes the estimated fair value as of December 31, 20082011 of:

 

short and long-term debt, based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, in which the discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities;

 

long-term notes payable and capital leases, based on quoted market prices; and

 

cross currency swaps and interest rate swaps, based on quoted market prices to terminate the contracts as of December 31, 2008.2011.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, the fair value represents a decreasean increase in total debt of Ps. 149 million.698 million more than book value due to an increase in the interest rate in Mexico.

Principal by Year of Maturity

 

 At December 31, 2008 At December 31, 2007 At December 31, 2011 At December 31, 2010 
 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 and
thereafter
 Carrying
Value
 Fair
Value
 Carrying
Value
 Fair
Value
 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 and
thereafter
 Carrying
Value
 Fair
Value
 Carrying
Value
 Fair
Value
 
 (in millions of Mexican pesos) (in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages) 

Short-term debt:

                    

Variable rate debt:

          

Mexican pesos

 3,820        3,820   3,753 150   150

Interest rate(1)

 11.6      11.6  7.8 
         500   500

Argentine pesos

 816        816   768 11.0 

Interest rate(1)

 19.6      19.6   

Colombian pesos

 798        798   816 425   425

Interest rate(1)

 15.2      15.2  15.7 

Venezuelan Bolívares fuertes

 365        365   372 2,372   2,372

Interest rate(1)

 22.2      22.2  6.7 

U.S. dollars

          

Interest rate(1)

          

Subtotal

 5,799        5,799   5,709 1,075   1,075

Long-term debt:

          

Fixed rate debt:

                    

Mexican pesos

 640   2,200   280   1,916   —     2,692   7,728   7,828 7,594   7,779  18    —      —      —      —      —      18    18    —      —    

Interest rate(1)

 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.0 —     4.2 8.1 —   8.0 —    6.9       6.9   

U.S. dollars

 3,782   36   4   —     —     —     3,822   3,822 3,946   4,103

Argentine pesos

  325    —      —      —      —      —      325    317    506    506  

Interest rate(1)

 7.1 3.6 3.8 —     —     —     7.1 —   7.0 —    14.9       14.9   15.3 

Japanese yen

 120   —     —     —     —     —     120   120 230   230

Interest rate(1)

 2.8 —     —     —     —     —     2.8 —   4.8 —  

Brazilian reais

 1   —     —     —     —     —     1   1  

Variable rate debt:

          

Colombian pesos

  295    —      —      —      —      —      295    295    1,072    1,072  

Interest rate(1)

 10.5 —     —     —     —     —     10.5 —   —     —    6.8       6.8   4.4  —    

Subtotal

 4,543   2,236   284   1,916   —     2,692   11,671   11,771 11,770   12,112  638    —      —      —      —      —      638    630    1,578    1,578  

Variable rate debt:

          

Mexican pesos

 1,269   731   3,267   4,523   5,210   4,218   19,218   19,059 22,760   22,796

Long-term debt:

          

Fixed rate debt:

          

Mexican pesos:

          

Domestic senior notes

  —      —      —      —      —      2,500    2,500    2,631    —      —    

Interest rate(1)

 8.9 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.9 9.0 8.9 —   8.1 —         8.3  8.3   

U.S. dollars

 37   37   1,118   2,277   2,796   —     6,265   6,265 2,016   2,016

Units of Investment (UDIs)

  —      —      —      —      —      3,337    3,337    3,337    3,193    3,193  

Interest rate(1)

 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 —     2.6 —   5.2 —         4.2  4.2   4.2 

U.S. dollars:

          

Capital leases

  —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      4    4  

Interest rate(1)

          3.8 

J.P. Morgan

(Yankee Bond)

  —      —      —      —      —      6,990    6,990    7,737    6,179    6,179  

Interest rate

       4.6  4.6   4.6 

Argentine pesos

  514    81    —      —      —      —      595    570    684    684  

Interest rate(1)

  16.4  15.7      16.3   16.5 

Brazilian reais:

          

Bank loans

  5    10    10    10    10    36    81    87    102    102  

Interest rate(1)

  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5 

Capital leases

  4    5    5    4    —      —      18    —      21    21  

  At December 31, 2008  At December 31, 2007 
  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2014 and
thereafter
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Brazilian reais

 —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     36   36  

Interest rate(1)

 —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     8.7 —    

Colombian pesos

 —     905   —     —     —     —     905   905    

Interest rate(1)

 —     15.4 —     —     —     —     15.4 —      

Subtotal

 1,306   1,673   4,385   6,800   8,006   4,218   26,388   26,229   24,812   24,848  

Total debt

 11,648   3,909   4,669   8,716   8,006   6,910   43,858   43,709   37,657   38,035  

Derivative financial instruments:

          

Interest rate swaps:

          

Mexican pesos:

          

Variable to fixed

 1,250   712   1,763   1,750   3,405   165   9,045   (178 18,550   (324

Interest pay rate(1)

 9.3 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.5 9.0 9.3 —     9.6 

Interest receive rate(1)

 8.8 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.7 9.0 8.7 —     7.9 

Cross currency and interest rate swaps:

          

Units of Investment (or UDIs)

          

Fixed to Fixed

 —     —     —     —     —     3,595   3,595   95    

Interest pay rate(1)

 —     —     —     —     —     9.98 9.98 —      

Interest receive rate(1)

 —     —     —     —     —     4.21 4.21 —      

U.S. dollars to Mexican pesos:

          

Variable to fixed

 —     —     846   846   423   —     2,115   578    

Interest pay rate(1)

 —     —     8.1 8.1 8.1 —     8.1 —      —    

Interest receive rate(1)

 —     —     0.9 0.9 0.9 —     0.9 —      

Variable to Variable

 —     —     —     209   105   —     314   96    

Interest pay rate(1)

 —     —     —     8.5 8.5 —     8.5 —      —    

Interest receive rate(1)

 —     —     —     3.6 3.6 —     3.6 —      —    

Japanese yen to Brazilian reais

          

Fixed to variable

 72    —     —     —     —     72   37   230   1  

Interest pay rate(1)

 14.4  —     —     —     —     14.4 —     11.8 

Interest receive rate(1)

 2.8  —     —     —     —     2.8 —     4.8 

Principal by Year of Maturity

   At December 31, 2011  At December 31, 2010 
   2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017 and
thereafter
   Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
 
   (in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages) 

Interest rate(1)

   4.5  4.5  4.5  4.5     4.5   4.5 

Subtotal

   523    96    15    14    10    12,863     13,521    14,362    10,162    10,162  

Variable rate debt:

            

Mexican pesos:

            

Bank loans

   67    266    1,392    2,825    —      —       4,550    4,456    4,550    4,550  

Interest rate(1)

   5.0  5.0  5.0  5.0     5.0   5.1 

Domestic senior notes

   3,000    3,500    —      —      2,500    —       9,000    8,981    8,000    7,945  

Interest rate(1)

   4.7  4.8    4.9    4.8   4.8 

U.S. dollars

   42    209    —      —      —      —       251    251    222    222  

Interest rate(1)

   0.7  0.7       0.7   0.6 

Argentine pesos

   130    —      —      —      —      —       130    116    —      —    

Interest rate(1)

   27.3        27.3   

Brazilian reais

��  33    39    43    48    30    —       193    193    —      —    

Interest rate(1)

   11.0  11.0  11.0  11.0  11.0    11.0   

Colombian pesos:

            

Bank loans

   935    —      —      —      —      —       935    929    994    994  

Interest rate(1)

   6.1        6.1   4.7 

Capital leases

   205    181    —      —      —      —       386    384    —      —    

Interest rate(1)

   7.1  6.6       6.9   

Subtotal

   4,412    4,195    1,435    2,873    2,530    —       15,445    15,310    13,766    13,711  

Total long-term debt

   4,935    4,291    1,450    2,887    2,540    12,863     28,966    29,672    23,928    23,873  
   (notional amounts, except for percentages) 

Derivative financial instruments:

  

Interest rate swaps(2):

            

Mexican pesos:

            

Variable to fixed

   1,600    2,500    575    1,963    —      —       6,638    (239  5,260    (302

Interest pay rate(1)

   8.1  8.1  8.4  8.6     8.3   8.1 

Interest receive rate(1)

   4.7  4.7  5.0  5.0     4.9   4.9 

Principal by Year of Maturity

   At December 31, 2011   At December 31, 2010 
   2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017 and
thereafter
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
   Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
 
   (in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages) 

Cross currency swaps:

                 

Units of Investment (UDIs) to Mexican pesos and variable rate

   —       —       —       —       —       2,500    2,500    860     2,500    717  

Interest pay rate(1)

             4.6  4.6    4.7 

Interest receive rate(1)

             4.2  4.2    4.2 

 

(1)Weighted average interest rate.

(2)Does not include forwards starting swaps with a notional amount of Ps. 1,312 million and a fair value loss of Ps. 43 million. These contracts will become effective in 2012 and mature in 2013.

A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable change of one percentage point in the average interest rate applicable to variable-rate liabilities held at December 31, 20082011 would increase our variable interest expense by approximately Ps. 13798 million, or 12.6%6.4%, over the 12-month period of 20082011 assuming no additional debt is incurred during such period, in each case after giving effect to all of our interest and cross currency swap agreements.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Our principal exchange rate risk involves changes in the value of the local currencies, of each country in which we operate, relative to the U.S. dollar. In 2008,2011, the percentage of our consolidated total revenues was denominated as follows:

Total Revenues by CountriesCurrency At December 31, 20082011

 

Region

        Countries        

  Currency% of Consolidated
Total Revenues

Mexico and Central America(1)

  Mexican peso and others  65.8%64

Venezuela

  Bolívar fuerte  9.1%10

MercosurSouth America

  Reais,Brazilian real, Argentine
peso, Colombian peso
  15.3%

United States

26U.S. dollar2.1%

Latincentro

Others(1)7.7%

 

(1)Mexican peso, Quetzal, Balboas, Colon,Balboa, Colón and U.S. Dollar and Colombian pesos.dollar.

We estimate that a majority of our consolidated costs and expenses are denominated in Mexican pesos for Mexican subsidiaries and in the aforementioned currencies for the foreign subsidiaries, which are principally subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza.FEMSA. Substantially all of our costs and expenses denominated in a foreign currency, other than the functional currency of each country in which we operate, are denominated in U.S. dollars. As of December 31, 20082011, after giving effect to all cross currency swaps, 79.0%63% of our long-term indebtedness was denominated in Mexican pesos, 18.3%27% was denominated in U.S. dollars, 2.4%5% was denominated in Colombian pesos, 4% was denominated in Argentine pesos and the remaining 0.3%1% was denominated in Brazilian reais. We also have short-term indebtedness, which consists of revolving bank loans.loans in Colombian pesos and Argentine pesos. Decreases in the value of the different currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will increase the cost of our foreign currency denominated operating costs and expenses, and the debt service obligations with respect to our foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated indebtedness. A depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar will also result in foreign exchange losses, as the Mexican peso value of our foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated long-term indebtedness is increased.

Our exposure to market risk associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to U.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations as shown in the interest risk table above. We occasionally utilize financial derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to the U.S. dollar relative to the Mexican peso and other currencies.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we had forward agreements that meetmet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes, to hedge our operations denominated in U.S. dollars. The notional amount iswas Ps. 1,7862,933 million with a fair value asset of Ps. 458183 million, with a maturity date during 2012. The fair value of foreign currency forward contracts is estimated based on the quoted market price of each agreement at year-end assuming the same maturity dates originally contracted for. For the year ended December 31, 2011, a gain of Ps. 21 million was recorded in our consolidated results.

As of December 31, 2010, we had forward agreements that met the hedging criteria for accounting purposes, to hedge our operations denominated in U.S. dollars. The notional amount was Ps. 578 million with a fair value asset of Ps. 2 million, and a notional amount of Ps. 1,690 million with a fair value liability of Ps. 18 million, in each case with a maturity datesdate during 2009. As of2011. For the year ended December 31, 20082010, we recorded a net gain on expired forward agreements of Ps. 11527 million as a part of foreign exchange. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts is estimated based on the quoted market price of each agreement at year-end assuming the same maturity dates originally contracted for.

As of December 31, 2009, certain forward agreements did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently, changes in the estimated fair value were recorded in our consolidated income statement. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the net effect of expired contracts that did not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes, was a loss of Ps. 63 million. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts is estimated based on the quoted market price of each agreement at year end assuming the same maturity dates originally contracted.

As of December 31, 2008, certain forward agreements do not meet2011, we had options to purchase U.S. dollars to reduce our exposure to the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently changes in the estimated fair value were recorded in our consolidated income statement. These contractsrisk of exchange rate fluctuations, with a notional amount of Ps. 5441,901 million, expired in 2009 and generatedfor which we have recorded a lossnet fair value asset of Ps. 225 million.300 million as part of cumulative other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the net effect of expired contracts that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes, was a loss of Ps. 643 million and a gain of Ps. 22 million, respectively. The fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts is estimated based on the quoted market price of each agreement at year end assuming the same maturity dates originally contracted.

As of December 31, 2008,2010, we did not have any call option agreements to buy U.S. dollars. We contracted cross currency swaps to manage the interest rate and foreign exchange risks associated with our borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars and other foreign currencies which are designated as cash flow hedges. The aggregate notional amount is Ps. 2,115 million with maturity date in 2013. The fair value is estimated based on quoted market exchange rates and interest rates to terminate the contracts at December 31, 2008, with a fair value asset of Ps. 578 million.currencies.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we havehad cross currency swaps designated as fair value hedges under contracts with an aggregate notional amount of Ps. 2,8872,500 million that expire in 2017, for which we have recorded a net fair value asset of Ps. 333 million. The fair value changes related to these cross currency swaps were recorded as part of the ineffective portion of our derivative financial instruments, net of changes related to our long-term liabilities, which amounted to a loss of Ps. 1860 million. The net effect of our expired contracts for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was recorded as interest income of Ps. 8 million in 2011 and Ps. 2 million in 2010, and as interest expense of Ps. 32 million as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was recorded as a financial expense and amounted to Ps. 178 million, Ps. 37 million and Ps. 72 million respectively.2009.

As ofFor the years ended December 31, 2008,2011, 2010, and 2009, certain cross currency swap instruments dodid not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently, changes in the estimated fair value were recorded in the income statement. The notional amount of these contracts is Ps. 2,302 million and maturechanges in 2011 and 2012. The fair value of these contracts represented a gain of Ps. 468 million. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the net effect of expired contracts is included in the integral result of financing was a loss of Ps. 225146 million, a gain of Ps. 64205 million and a lossgain of Ps. 3168 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

As of December 31, 2008,2011, we had determined that our leasing contracts denominated in U.S. dollars host an embedded derivative financial instrument. The fair value of these contracts is based on the exchange rate used to finish the contract as of the end of the period. AtFor the years ended December 31, 20082011, 2010 and 2007,2009, the fair value of these contracts representedresulted in a loss of Ps. 13750 million, a gain of Ps. 915 million and a loss of Ps. 4919 million, respectively, each of which areis recorded in the income statement as market value lossloss/gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.

A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable 10% devaluation in the value of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar occurring on December 31, 2008,2011 would have resulted in an increase in our net consolidated integral result of financing expense of approximately Ps. 1,303203 million over the 12-month period of 2008,2011, reflecting higher interest expense andgreater losses relating to our U.S dollar-denominated indebtedness, net of a foreign exchange gain, and interest expense generated by the cash balances held by us in U.S. dollars as of that date, net of the loss based on our U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness at December 31, 2008.date. However, this result does not take into account any gain on monetary position that would be expected to result from an increase in the inflation rate generated by a devaluation of local currencies relative to the U.S. dollar in inflationary economic environments, which gain on monetary position would reduce the consolidated net integral result of financing.comprehensive financial result.

As of May 29, 2009,March 31, 2012, the exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar of all the countries in which we operate, as well as their devaluation/revaluation effect compared to December 31, 2008,2011, are as follows:

 

Country

  Currency  Exchange Rate
as of May 29, 2009
  (Devaluation) /
Revaluation
  Currency  Exchange Rate
as of  March 31, 2012
   (Devaluation)  /
Revaluation
 

Mexico

  Mexican peso  13.1590  2.8%  Mexican peso   12.85     8.1

Brazil

  Reai  1.9730  15.6%  Brazilian real   7.05     5.4

Venezuela

  Bolívar fuerte  2.1500  0.0%  Bolívar fuerte   2.99     8.1

Colombia

  Colombian peso  2,140.6600  4.6%  Colombian peso   0.01     (0.1)% 

Argentina

  Argentine peso  3.7490  (8.6)%  Argentine peso   2.93     9.7

Costa Rica

  Colon  581.5800  (3.7)%  Colón   0.03     7.2

Guatemala

  Quetzal  8.1208  (4.4)%

Nicaragua

  Cordoba  20.2474  (2.0)%

Panama

  U.S. dollar  1.000  0%

Country

  Currency  Exchange Rate
as of  March 31, 2012
   (Devaluation)  /
Revaluation
 

Guatemala

  Quetzal   1.67     6.7

Nicaragua

  Cordoba   0.55     9.2

Panama

  U.S. dollar   1.0000       

Euro Zone

  Euro   17.08     5.4

A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable 10% devaluation in the value of the currencies of all the countries in which we operate, relative to the U.S. dollar, occurring on December 31, 2008,2011, would produce a reduction in stockholders’ equity as follows:

 

Country

  Currency  Reduction in
Stockholders’ Equity
      (in millions of Mexican pesos)

Mexico

  Mexican peso  161203

Brazil

  ReaiBrazilian real  7692,056

Venezuela

  Bolívar fuerte  279814

Colombia

  Colombian peso  2771,111

Costa Rica

  ColonColón  74373

Argentina

  Argentine peso  98136

Guatemala

  Quetzal  64122

Nicaragua

  Cordoba  39159

Panama

  U.S. dollar  0232

Euro Zone

Euro7,504

Equity Risk

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, we did not have any equity forward agreements.

Commodity Price Risk

We entered into various derivative contracts to hedge the cost of certain raw materials that are exposed to variations of commodity price exchange rates. As of December 31, 2008,2011, we had various derivative instruments contracts with maturity dates in 20092012 and 2013, notional amounts of Ps. 8,755754 million and a fair value liability of Ps. 2,95519 million. The resultresults of our commodity price contracts as offor the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006 was a gain of2009, were Ps. 17257 million, and losses of Ps. 82393 million and Ps. 106247 million, respectively, which were recorded in the results offrom operations of each year. WeAfter discontinuing our beer business, we have certainno derivative contracts that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes.

ITEM 12.DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

ITEM 12A.DEBT SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 12B.WARRANTS AND RIGHTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 12C.OTHER SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 12D.AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

The Bank of New York Mellon serves as the depositary for our ADSs. Holders of our ADSs, evidenced by ADRs, are required to pay various fees to the depositary, and the depositary may refuse to provide any service for which a fee is assessed until the applicable fee has been paid.

ADS holders are required to pay the depositary amounts in respect of expenses incurred by the depositary or its agents on behalf of ADS holders, including expenses arising from compliance with applicable law, taxes or other governmental charges, cable, telex and facsimile transmission, or the conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars. The depositary may decide in its sole discretion to seek payment by either billing holders or by deducting the fee from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions.

ADS holders are also required to pay additional fees for certain services provided by the depositary, as set forth in the table below.

Depositary service

Fee payable by ADS holders

Issuance and delivery of ADSs, including in connection with share distributions, stock splits

Up to US$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)

Distribution of dividends(1)

Up to US$0.02 per ADS

Withdrawal of shares underlying ADSs

Up to US$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)

(1)As of the date of this annual report, holders of our ADSs were not required to pay additional fees with respect to this service.

Direct and indirect payments by the depositary

The depositary pays us an agreed amount, which includes reimbursements for certain expenses we incur in connection with the ADS program. These reimbursable expenses include legal and accounting fees, listing fees, investor relations expenses and fees payable to service providers for the distribution of material to ADS holders. For the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of these contracts2011, this amount was recognized as losses on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments of Ps. 217 million and 43 million, respectively. The net effect of expired contracts that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes were losses of Ps. 258 million and Ps. 27 million, as of the end of December 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively. The fair value is estimated based on the quoted market prices to terminate the contracts at the reporting date.US$525,590.

ITEMS 12-14. NOT APPLICABLE

ITEMS 13-14.NOT APPLICABLE

 

ITEM 15.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) DiscloseDisclosure Controls and Procedures

We have evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008.2011. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chiefprincipal executive officer and chiefprincipal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or the Exchange Act) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) ManagementsManagement’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting.reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal“Internal Control—Integrated Framework,” as issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;assets, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors;directors, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal“Internal Controls—Integrated Framework,” as issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.2011.

Our management assessment and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 excludes, in accordance with applicable guidance provided by the SEC, an assessment of the internal control over financial reporting of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA, the beverage divisions of which were acquired by our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA in October 2011 and December 2011, respectively. The beverage divisions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA together represented 2.4% and 2.7% of our total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2011, and 0.7% and 0.3% of our revenues and net income, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2011.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20082011 has been audited by Mancera, S.C., a member of Ernst & Young Global, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report included herein.

(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm.Firm

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.

We have audited Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. ‘sand subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.’s and subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20F. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20F, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent orof detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As indicated in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Administradora de Acciones del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. and its subsidiaries (collectively “Grupo Tampico”) and Corporación de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. and its subsidiaries (collectively “Grupo CIMSA”), acquired in October and December 2011, respectively, which are included in the 2011 consolidated financial statements of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries, and constituted 2.4% and 2.7% of Fomento Economico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.’s total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2011 and 0.7% and 0.3% of Fomento Economico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.’s revenues and net income, respectively, for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries, also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA.

In our opinion, Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,2011, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheetsheets of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008,2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the year thenthree years in the period ended December 31, 2011, and our report dated June 26, 2009April 27, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Mancera, S.C.

Mancera, S.C.

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

C.P.C. Agustín Aguilar Laurents

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

C.P.C. Víctor Luis Soulé García

Monterrey, N.L., Mexico

June 26, 2009April 27, 2012

(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During 2008, there wereThere has been no changeschange in our internal control over financial reporting during 2011 that eitherhas materially affected, or would beis reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. The acquisitions of Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Tampico did not have a material effect on our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

ITEM 16A.AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Our shareholders and our board of directors have designated José Manuel Canal Hernando, an independent director as required by the Mexican Securities Law and applicable New York Stock ExchangeNYSE listing standards, as an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of this Item 16A. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Directors.”

ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

ITEM 16B.CODE OF ETHICS

We have adopted a code of ethics, within the meaning of this Item 16B of Form 20-F. Our code of ethics applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our website at www.femsa.com. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our web sitewebsite at the same address.

ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

ITEM 16C.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Audit and Non-Audit Fees

For the fiscal yearyears ended December 31, 2008,2011 and 2010, Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, replaced Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C., a member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, aswas our auditor.

The following table summarizes the aggregate fees billed to us in 20082011 and 2010 by Mancera, S.C. and in 2007 by Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C., both of which areis an independent registered public accounting firms,firm, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 20082011 and 2007:2010:

 

  Year ended December 31,  Year ended December 31, 
  2008  2007  2011   2010 
  (in millions of Mexican pesos)  (in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Audit fees

  Ps.79  Ps.103   Ps. 83     Ps. 72  

Audit-related fees

   1   13   10     6  

Tax fees

   6   9   8     5  

Other fees

   —     8   —       —    
        

 

   

 

 

Total

  Ps.86  Ps.133   Ps. 101     Ps. 83  
        

 

   

 

 

Audit fees. Audit fees in the above table represent the aggregate fees billed in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements, as well as to other limited procedures in connection with our quarterly financial information and other statutory and regulatory audit actitities.activities.

Audit-related fees. Audit-related fees in the above table for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 20072011 are the aggregate fees billed for assurance and other services related to the performance of the audit, mainly in connection with due diligence services.special audits and reviews. For 2010, the aggregate audit-related fees billed are mainly associated with the Heineken transaction.

Tax fees. Tax fees in the above table are fees billed for services based upon existing facts and prior transactions in order to document, compute, and obtain government approval for amounts included in tax filings such as value-added tax return assistance and transfer pricing documentation and requests for technical advice from taxing authorities.documentation.

Other fees. Other fees inFor the above table are consulting related fees and other fees represented, which represented 6% as a percentage of total fees billed to us as ofyears ended December 31, 2007. During 2008,2011 and 2010, there were no other fees.

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

We have adopted pre-approval policies and procedures under which all audit and non-audit services provided by our external auditors must be pre-approved by the audit committee as set forth in the Audit Committee’s charter. Any service proposals submitted by external auditors need to be discussed and approved by the Audit Committee during its meetings, which take place at least four times a year. Once the proposed service is approved, we or our subsidiaries formalize the engagement of services. The approval of any audit and non-audit services to be provided by our external auditors is specified in the minutes of our Audit Committee. In addition, the members of our board of directors are briefed on matters discussed by the different committees of our board.board of directors.

ITEM 16D. NOT APPLICABLENOT APPLICABLE

ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

ITEM 16E.PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

We did not purchase any of our equity securities in 2008.2011. The following table presents purchases by trusts that we administer in connection with our stock incentive plans, which purchases may be deemed to be purchases by an affiliated purchaser of us. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees––EVA Stock Incentive Plan.”

Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Purchase Date

  Total Number of
BD Units
Purchased
  Average Price
Paid per BD
Units
  Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
  Maximum Number (or
Appropriate U.S.
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units) that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs

March 1, 2007

  3,202,140  Ps.41.17    
             

March 1, 2008

  4,592,920  Ps.39.51    
             

March 1, 2009

  5,392,080  Ps.38.76    
             

ITEM 16F. NOT APPLICABLE

Purchase Date

Total
Number of
BD Units
Purchased
Average
Price
Paid per
BD Units
Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum Number (or
Appropriate U.S.
dollar Value) of Shares
(or Units) that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs

March 1, 2008

4,592,920Ps.39.51

March 1, 2009

5,392,080Ps.38.76

March 1, 2010

4,207,675Ps.55.44

March 1, 2011

2,438,590Ps.67.78

March 1, 2012

2,146,614Ps.92.36

ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 16F.NOT APPLICABLE

ITEM 16G.CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Pursuant to Rule 303A.11 of the Listed Company Manual of the NYSE, we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards. We are a Mexican corporation with shares listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the Mexican Securities Law and the regulations issued by the CNBV. We also disclose the extent of compliance with theCódigo de Mejores Prácticas Corporativas (Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices), which was created by a group of Mexican business leaders and was endorsed by the CNBV.

The table below discloses the significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards.

 

NYSE Standards

  

Our Corporate Governance Practices

Directors Independence:independence: A majority of the board of directors must be independent.  

Directors Independence:independence: Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Law, we are required to have a board of directors with a maximum of 21 members, 25% of whom must be independent.

 

The Mexican Securities Law sets forth, in article 26, the definition of “independence,” which differs from the one set forth in Section 303A.02 of the Listed Company Manual of the NYSE. Generally, under the Mexican Securities Law, a director is not independent if such director: (i) is an employee or a relevant officer of the company or its subsidiaries; (ii) is an individual with significant influence over the company or its subsidiaries; (iii) is a shareholder or participant of the controlling group of the company; (iv) is a client, supplier, debtor, creditor, partner or employee of an important client, supplier, debtor or creditor of the company; or (v) is a family member of any of the aforementioned persons.

 

In accordance with the Mexican Securities Law, our shareholders are required to make a determination as to the independence of our directors at an ordinary meeting of our shareholders, though the CNBV may challenge that determination. Our board of directors is not required to make a determination as to the independence of our directors.

Executive sessions:Non-management directors must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management.  

Executive sessions:Under our bylaws and applicable Mexican law, our non-management and independent directors are not required to meet in executive sessions.

 

Our bylaws state that the board of directors will meet at least four times a year, following the end of each quarter, to discuss our operating results and progress in achieving strategic objectives. Our board of directors can also hold extraordinary meetings.

Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee:A nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors is required.  

Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee:We are not required to have a nominating committee, and the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices does not provide for a nominating committee.

 

However, Mexican law requires us to have a Corporate Practices Committee. Our Corporate Practices Committee is composed of three members, and as required by the Mexican Securities Law and our bylaws, the three members are independent.

Compensation committee:Committee:A compensation committee composed entirely independent directors is required.  Compensation committee:Committee: We do not have a committee that exclusively oversees compensation issues. Our Corporate Practices Committee, composed entirely of independent directors, reviews and recommends management compensation programs in order to ensure that they are aligned with shareholders’ interests and corporate performance.

NYSE Standards

  

Our Corporate Governance Practices

Audit committee:Committee: Listed companies must have an audit committee satisfying the independence and other requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the NYSE independence standards.  Audit committee:Committee: We have an Audit Committee of four members. Each member of the Audit Committee is an independent director, as required by the Mexican Securities Law.
Equity compensation plan:Equity compensation plans require shareholder approval, subject to limited exemptions.  Equity compensation plan:Shareholder approval is not required under Mexican law or our bylaws for the adoption and amendment of an equity compensation plan. Such plans should provide for general application to all executives. Our current equity compensation plans have been approved by our board of directors.
Code of business conduct and ethics:Corporate governance guidelines and a code of conduct and ethics are required, with disclosure of any waiver for directors or executive officers.  Code of business conduct and ethics: We have adopted a code of ethics, within the meaning of Item 16B of SEC Form 20-F. Our code of ethics applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our website at www.femsa.com. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website at the same address.

ITEM 16H.NOT APPLICABLE

 

ITEM 17.NOT APPLICABLE

 

ITEM 18.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See pages F-1 through F-64,F-144, incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1919.EXHIBITS

 

1.1

  Bylaws(estatutos (estatutos sociales) of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V., approved on April 22, 2008, together with an English translation thereof (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2008 (File No. 333-08752)).

1.2

Share Exchange Agreement by and between Heineken Holding N.V., Heineken N.V., Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V., and FEMSA dated as of January 11, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 of FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 25, 2010 (File No. 333-08752)).
1.3First Amendment to Share Exchange Agreement by and between Heineken Holding N.V., Heineken N.V., Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Industrial Emprex, S.A. de C.V., and FEMSA dated as of April 26, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.3 of FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 25, 2010 (File No. 333-08752)).
1.4Corporate Governance Agreement, dated April 30, 2010, between Heineken Holding N.V., Heineken N.V., L’Arche Green N.V., FEMSA and CB Equity LLP.
2.1

  Deposit Agreement, as further amended and restated as of May 11, 2007, among FEMSA, The Bank of New York, and all owners and holders from time to time of any American Depositary Receipts, including the form of American Depositary Receipt (incorporated by reference to FEMSA’s registration statement on Form F-6 filed on April 30, 2007 (File No. 333- 142469)).

2.2

  Specimen certificate representing a BD Unit, consisting of one Series B Share, two Series D-B Shares and two Series D-L Shares, together with an English translation (incorporated by reference to FEMSA’s registration statement on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)).

2.3

  Indenture dated July 11, 1997, by and between Corporación Interamericanaas of February 5, 2010 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., and The Chase Manhattan Bank as Trusteeof New York Mellon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Panamco’s Registration Statement on Form F-4, filed on November 7, 1997 (File No. 333-07918)).

2.4

First Supplemental Indenture, dated October 15, 2003, between Corporación Interamericana de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer, Coca-Cola FEMSA, as Guarantor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).

2.5

Second Supplemental Indenture, dated November 19, 2003, between Corporación Interamericana de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer, Coca-Cola FEMSA, as Guarantor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.6 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).

2.6

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated August 1, 2007, between Propimex, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer, Coca-Cola FEMSA, as Guarantor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.52.2 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 200810, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)).

2.4

First Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 5, 2010 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., and The Bank of New York Mellon and the Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 10, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)).
2.5Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 1, 2011 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. (formerly Propimex, S.A. de C.V.), as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 17, 2011 (File No. 001-12260)).
3.1

  Amended Voting Trust Agreement among certain principal shareholders of FEMSA together with an English translation (incorporated by reference to FEMSA’s Schedule 13D as amended filed on August 11, 2005 (File No. 005-54705)).

4.1

  Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2002, by and among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company and Inmex (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 27, 2003 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.2

  Amendment, dated May 6, 2003, to the Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement dated July 6, 2002, among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company, Inmex, Atlantic Industries, Dulux CBAI 2003 B.V. and Dulux CBEXINMX 2003 B.V. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 27, 2003 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.3

Second Amendment, dated February 1, 2010, to the Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement dated July 6, 2002, among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company, Inmex and Dulux CBAI 2003 B.V. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 10, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.4  Amended and Restated Bottler Agreement, dated June 21, 2003, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.4

4.5
  Supplemental Agreement, dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)).

4.54.6  Amended and Restated Bottler Agreement, dated June 21, 2003, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.64.7  Supplemental Agreement, dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)).
4.7Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Industria Nacional de Gaseosas S.A., with respect to operations in Colombia (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.19 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2008 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.8  Amendments, dated May 17 and July 20, 1995, to Bottler Agreement and Letter of Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, each with respect to operations in Argentina between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.9  Bottler Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.10  Supplemental Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.11  Amendment, dated February 1, 1996, to Bottler Agreement between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA, dated December 1, 1995 (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.12  Amendment, dated May 22, 1998, to Bottler Agreement with respect to the former SIRSA territory, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 20, 2001 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.13  Bottler Agreement, dated August 16, 1996, and Letter of Renewal, dated February 9, 2001, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Coca-Cola y Hit de Venezuela, S.A. with respect to operations in Venezuela (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.14Bottler Agreement, dated August 16, 1996, and Letter of Renewal, dated February 9, 2001, between Advantage Investments, Inc. and Embotelladora Coca-Cola y Hit de Venezuela, S.A. with respect to operations in Venezuela (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.15Supply Agreement, dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Empaques (incorporated by reference to FEMSA’s registration statement on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)).

4.164.14  Bottler Agreement and Side Letter dated June 1, 2005, between Panamco Golfo, S.A. de C.V. and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Golfo, Mexico (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.174.15  Bottler Agreement and Side Letter dated June 1, 2005, between Panamco Baijo, S.A. de C.V., and theThe Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Baijo, Mexico (English translation). (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.18Letter of Renewal, dated December 12, 2005, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Central, S.A, with respect to operations in Guatemala (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.19Letter of Renewal, dated January 4, 2006, between The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola de Panamá, Compañia Embotelladora, S.A., with respect to operations in Panama (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.20Manufacturing Agreement, dated April 16, 1999, between Coca-Cola Industrias Ltda., SPAL—Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A. and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in São Paulo, Brazil (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.21Manufacturing Agreement, dated April 16, 1999, between Coca-Cola Industrias Ltda., SPAL—Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A. and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Campinas, Brazil (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.22Manufacturing Agreement, dated April 16, 1999, between Coca-Cola Industrias Ltda., SPAL—Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A., and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Campo Grande, Brazil (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.234.16  Coca-Cola Tradename License Agreement dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to FEMSA’s Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)).
4.244.17  Amendment to the Trademark License Agreement, dated December 1, 2002, entered by and among Administración de Marcas S.A. de C.V., as proprietor, and The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-2290)).
4.254.18  Trademark Sub-License Agreement, dated January 4, 2003, entered by and among Panamco Golfo S.A. de C.V., as licensor, and The Coca-Cola Company, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)).
4.264.19  Trademark Sub-License Agreement, dated January 4, 2003, entered by and among Panamco Bajio S.A. de C.V., as licensor, and The Coca-Cola Company, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)).

4.27Supply Agreement dated April 3, 1998, between ALPLA Fábrica de Plásticos, S.A. de C.V. and Industria Embotelladora de México, S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on July 1, 2002 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.28Supply Agreement dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Empaques, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)).
4.294.20  Supply Agreement dated April 3, 1998, between ALPLA Fábrica de Plásticos, S.A. de C.V. and Industria Embotelladora de México, S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.18 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on July 1, 2002 (File No. 1-12260)).*
4.304.21  Services Agreement, dated November 7, 2000, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Logística (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 20, 2001 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.314.22  Promotion and Non-Compete Agreement, dated March 11, 2003, entered by and among The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch and Panamco Bajio S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)).
4.324.23  Promotion and Non-Compete Agreement, dated March 11, 2003, entered by and among The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch and Panamco Golfo S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)).
4.334.24  Memorandum of Understanding, dated as of March 11, 2003, by and among Panamco, as seller, and The Coca-Cola Company, as buyer (incorporated by reference to Panamco’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)).
4.34Letter of Renewal, dated December 12, 2005, between The Coca-Cola Company and Industria Nacional de Gaseosas S.A., with respect to operations in Colombia (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.35Coca-Cola Tradename License Agreement dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to FEMSA’s Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)).
4.364.25  Bottler Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Argentina (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 1995 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.374.26  Supplemental Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Argentina (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 1995 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.384.27  Amendments, dated May 17 and July 20, 1995, to Bottler Agreement and Letter of Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, each with respect to operations in Argentina, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation)Memorandum to Steve Heyer from Jose Antonio Fernández, dated December 22, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.310.1 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual ReportRegistration Statement on Amendment No. 1 to the Form 20-FF-3 filed on June 28, 1996September 20, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).

4.39Bottler Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)333-117795)).
4.40Supplemental Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.41Amendment, dated February 1, 1996, to Bottler Agreement between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA, dated December 1, 1995 (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.42Amendment, dated May 22, 1998, to Bottler Agreement with respect to the former SIRSA territory, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 20, 2001 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.43Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Industria Nacional de Refrescos, S.A., with respect to operations in Nicaragua (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2009 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.44Bottler Agreement, dated August 1, 1947, between The Coca-Cola Company and The Panama Coca-Cola Bottling Company, with respect to operations in Panama (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 25, 2007 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.45Bottler Agreement, dated November 1, 1994 between The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola de Panamá, Compañía Embotelladora, S.A, with respect to operations in Panama (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 25, 2007 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.46Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA de Panamá, S.A., with respect to operations in Panama (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2009 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.47Bottler Agreement and Letter Agreement, both dated October 1, 2002, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Panamco Tica, S.A. with respect to operations in Costa Rica (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.48Bottler Agreement, dated July 1, 1999, between The Coca-Cola Company and Panamco-Colombia, S.A., with respect to operations in Colombia (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
4.49Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Central, S.A., with respect to operations in Guatemala (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2009 (File No. 1-12260)).

  4.50Bottler Agreement, dated August 16, 1996 and Letter of Renewal, dated February 9, 2001, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Coca-Cola y Hit de Venezuela, S.A. with respect to operations in Venezuela (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)).
  4.51Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Embotelladora Hit de Venezuela S.A. de C.V., with respect to operations in Venezuela (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2009 (File No. 1-12260)).
  4.52Letter of Renewal, dated June 3, 2009, between The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA de Costa Rica, S.A., with respect to operations in Costa Rica (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 2009 (File No. 1-12260)).
8.1  Significant Subsidiaries.
12.1  CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 30, 2009.April 27, 2012.
12.2  CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 30, 2009.April 27, 2012.
13.1  Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 30, 2009.April 27, 2012.

SIGNATURE

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

Date: June 30, 2009April 27, 2012

 

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.
By: /S/ JAVIER ASTABURUAGA SANJINESs/ Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines
Name: Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines
Title: Executive Vice-President of Finance and Strategic Development / Chief Financial Officer


FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICOMÉXICO

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Audited consolidated financial statements of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.

Report of Mancera S.C., aA Member Practice of Ernst  & Young Global, of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

  F-2

Report of Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C., Member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries

F-3F-1

Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 20082011 and December 31, 20072010

  F-4F-2

Consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009

  F-5

Consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008

F-6F-3

Consolidated statements of changes in financial positioncash flows for the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009

  F-7F-4

Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the years ended December  31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009

  F-8F-6

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

  F-9F-7

Audited consolidated financial statements of Heineken N.V.

Report of independent registered public accounting firmKPMG Accountants N.V. of FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V.Heineken N.V. and subsidiaries for the years ended December  31, 2011 and 2010

  F-64F-72

Consolidated income statement for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

F-73

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

F-74

Consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2011 and 2010

F-75

Consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

F-76

Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010

F-78

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

F-80


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetsheets of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008,2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibilityeach of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosuresthree years in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2008, and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, which differ in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (See Notes 26, 27 and 28 to the consolidated financial statements).

As disclosed in Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, during 2008 the Company adopted Mexican Financial Reporting Standard (“MFRS”) B-2Statement of Cash Flows, MFRS B-10Effects of Inflation,and certain other MFRS.The application of all of these standards was prospective in nature.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 26, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

Mancera, S.C.

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

/s/ C.P.C. Víctor Luis Soulé García

C.P.C. Víctor Luis Soulé García

Monterrey, N.L., Mexico

June 26, 2009

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (a Mexican corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity and changes in financial position for the yearsperiod ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, all expressed in millions of Mexican pesos of purchasing power as of December 31, 2007.2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit theThe financial statements of FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V.Heineken N. V. (a corporation in which the Company has a 12.53% and subsidiaries (a consolidated subsidiary), which statements reflect total assets constituting 9% of consolidated total assets9.24% interest as of December 31, 2007,2011 and total revenues constituting 29% and 27%2010, respectively) which is majority owned by Heineken Holdings N.V. (a corporation in which the Company has a 14.94% interest in both years) (collectively “Heineken”), respectively, of consolidated total revenues forprepared under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. Those statements wereInternational Accounting Standards Board (IFRS), have been audited by other auditors whose report dated February 14, 2012 has been furnished to us, and our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V. and subsidiaries,Heineken, is based solely on the report of the other auditors. In the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s investment in Heineken is stated at Ps. 75,075 and Ps. 66,478 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010 respectively and the Company’s equity in the net income of Heineken is stated at Ps. 5,080 for the year ended December 31, 2011 and Ps. 3,319 million for the eight month period from April 30 to December 31, 2010.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.presentation (including the Company’s conversion of the financial statements of Heineken to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the eight-month period ended December 31, 2010). We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, suchthe accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as ofat December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of their operations, changesand consolidated cash flows, for each of the three years in their stockholders’ equity and changes in their financial position for the yearsperiod ended December 31, 2007,2011, in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards.

Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, varywhich differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The application(See Notes 26 and 27 to the consolidated financial statements).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the latter would have affected the determination of net income for the years ended December 31, 2007,Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. and the determination of stockholders’ equitysubsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, to2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the extent summarized in Note 27.Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated April 27, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C.

Member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu

/s/ C.P.C. Gabriel González Martínez

C.P.C. Gabriel González Martínez

Mancera, S.C.

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

C.P.C. Agustín Aguilar Laurents

Monterrey, N.L., MexicoMéxico

June 12, 2008April 27, 2012

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICOMÉXICO

Consolidated Balance Sheets

At December 31, 20082011 and December 31, 2007.2010. Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ($) and in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.).

 

  2008 2007   Note   2011   2010 

ASSETS

            

Current Assets:

            

Cash and cash equivalents

  $659   Ps.     9,110   Ps.   10,456     4 B    $1,887    Ps.  26,329    Ps.  27,097  

Investments

   4 B     95     1,329     66  

Accounts receivable

   778   10,759   9,329     6     753     10,499     7,702  

Inventories

   945   13,065   10,037     7     1,031     14,385     11,314  

Recoverable taxes

   213   2,951   1,699       309     4,311     4,243  

Investment in shares available for sale

   —     —     684  

Other current assets

   226   3,132   1,280     8     152     2,114     1,038  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total current assets

   2,821   39,017   33,485       4,227     58,967     51,460  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Investments in shares

   142   1,965   1,863     9     5,661     78,972     68,793  

Property, plant and equipment

   4,441   61,425   54,707     10     3,828     53,402     41,910  

Bottles and cases

   270   3,733   3,125  

Intangible assets

   4,721   65,299   60,234     11     5,133     71,608     52,340  

Deferred taxes asset

   90   1,247   1,264  

Deferred tax asset

   23 C     33     461     346  

Other assets

   893   12,354   11,117     12     809     11,294     8,729  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

   13,378   185,040   165,795       19,691     274,704     223,578  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

            

Current Liabilities:

            

Bank loans

   419   5,799   3,447  

Bank loans and notes payable

   17     46     638     1,578  

Current portion of long-term debt

   423   5,849   5,917     17     354     4,935     1,725  

Interest payable

   27   376   475       15     216     165  

Suppliers

   1,209   16,726   13,657       1,539     21,475     17,458  

Accounts payable

   420   5,804   4,658       413     5,761     5,375  

Taxes payable

   292   4,044   3,658       230     3,208     2,180  

Other current liabilities

   398   5,496   1,705     24 A     172     2,397     2,035  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total current liabilities

   3,188   44,094   33,517       2,769     38,630     30,516  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Long-Term Liabilities:

            

Bank loans and notes payable

   2,329   32,210   30,665     17     1,723     24,031     22,203  

Labor liabilities

   209   2,886   3,718  

Deferred taxes liability

   174   2,400   3,584  

Employee benefits

   15 B     162     2,258     1,883  

Deferred tax liability

   23 C     997     13,911     10,567  

Contingencies and other liabilities

   473   6,555   4,658     24 B     341     4,760     5,396  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

   3,185   44,051   42,625       3,223     44,960     40,049  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total liabilities

   6,373   88,145   76,142       5,992     83,590     70,565  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

            

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

   2,030   28,074   25,075  

Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries

   20     4,124     57,534     35,665  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Majority interest:

    

Controlling interest:

        

Capital stock

   387   5,348   5,348       383     5,348     5,348  

Additional paid-in capital

   1,486   20,551   20,612       1,470     20,513     20,558  

Retained earnings from prior years

   2,814   38,929   38,108       6,219     86,756     51,045  

Net income

   485   6,708   8,511       1,085     15,133     40,251  

Cumulative other comprehensive loss

   (197 (2,715 (8,001

Cumulative other comprehensive income

   4 V     418     5,830     146  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Majority interest

   4,975   68,821   64,578  

Controlling interest

     9,575     133,580     117,348  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

   7,005   96,895   89,653       13,699     191,114     153,013  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  $13,378   Ps. 185,040   Ps. 165,795      $19,691    Ps.  274,704    Ps.  223,578  
              

 

   

 

   

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated balance sheets.

Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.México.

 

LOGOLOGO

José Antonio Fernández Carbajal

 Javier Astaburuaga SanjínesSanjines

Chief Executive Officer

 Chief Financial Officer

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICOMÉXICO

Consolidated Income Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006.2009. Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ($) and in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.), except for data per share.(1)

 

   2008  2007  2006 

Net sales

  $12,086   Ps. 167,171   Ps. 147,069   Ps. 135,647  

Other operating revenues

   61    851    487    473  
                 

Total revenues

   12,147    168,022    147,556    136,120  

Cost of sales

   6,535    90,399    79,739    73,338  
                 

Gross profit

   5,612    77,623    67,817    62,782  
                 

Operating expenses:

     

Administrative

   689    9,531    9,121    8,873  

Selling

   3,283    45,408    38,960    35,272  
                 
   3,972    54,939    48,081    44,145  
                 

Income from operations

   1,640    22,684    19,736    18,637  

Other expenses, net

   (172  (2,374  (1,297  (1,650

Integral result of financing:

     

Interest expense

   (356  (4,930  (4,721  (4,469

Interest income

   43    598    769    792  

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

   (122  (1,694  691    (217

Gain on monetary position, net

   47    657    1,639    1,488  

Market value (loss) gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   (105  (1,456  69    (113
                 
   (493  (6,825  (1,553  (2,519
                 

Income before income taxes

   975    13,485    16,886    14,468  

Income taxes

   304    4,207    4,950    4,608  
                 

Consolidated net income

  $671   Ps.9,278   Ps.11,936   Ps.9,860  
                 

Net majority income

   485    6,708    8,511    7,127  

Net minority income

   186    2,570    3,425    2,733  
                 

Consolidated net income

  $671   Ps.9,278   Ps.11,936   Ps.9,860  
                 

Net majority income (U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos):

     

Per Series “B” share

  $0.02   Ps.0.33   Ps.0.42   Ps.0.36  

Per Series “D” share

  $0.03   Ps.0.42   Ps.0.53   Ps.0.44  
                 

(1)Amounts as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, are expressed in millions of Mexican pesos as of the end of December 31, 2007 (see Note 2).
   2011  2010  2009 

Net sales

  $14,470   Ps.  201,867   Ps.  168,376   Ps.  158,503  

Other operating revenues

   84    1,177    1,326    1,748  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total revenues

   14,554    203,044    169,702    160,251  

Cost of sales

   8,459    118,009    98,732    92,313  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Gross profit

   6,095    85,035    70,970    67,938  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating expenses:

     

Administrative

   591    8,249    7,766    7,835  

Selling

   3,576    49,882    40,675    38,973  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   4,167    58,131    48,441    46,808  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income from operations

   1,928    26,904    22,529    21,130  

Other expenses, net (Note 18)

   (209  (2,917  (282  (1,877

Comprehensive financing result:

     

Interest expense

   (210  (2,934  (3,265  (4,011

Interest income

   72    999    1,104    1,205  

Foreign exchange gain (loss), net

   84    1,165    (614  (431

Gain on monetary position, net

   9    146    410    486  

Market value (loss) gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   (11  (159  212    124  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   (56  (783  (2,153  (2,627

Equity method of associates (Note 9)

   370    5,167    3,538    132  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

   2,033    28,371    23,632    16,758  

Income taxes (Note 23 D)

   550    7,687    5,671    4,959  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

   1,483    20,684    17,961    11,799  

Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net of taxes (Note 5 B)

   —      —      26,623    —    

Net income from discontinued operations (Note 5 B)

   —      —      706    3,283  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

  $1,483   Ps.20,684   Ps.45,290   Ps.15,082  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net controlling interest income

   1,085    15,133    40,251    9,908  

Net non-controlling interest income

   398    5,551    5,039    5,174  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

  $1,483   Ps.20,684   Ps.45,290   Ps.15,082  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net controlling interest income before discontinued operations(1):

     

Per series “B” share

  $0.05   Ps.0.75   Ps.0.64   Ps.0.33  

Per series “D” share

   0.07    0.94    0.81    0.42  

Net income from discontinued operations(1):

     

Per series “B” share

   —      —      1.37    0.16  

Per series “D”share

   —      —      1.70    0.20  

Net controlling interest income(1):

     

Per series “B” share

   0.05    0.75    2.01    0.49  

Per series “D”share

   0.07    0.94    2.51    0.62  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated income statements.

(1)U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos, see Note 22 for number of shares.

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICOMÉXICO

Consolidated StatementStatements of Cash Flows

For the yearyears ended December 31, 2008. 2011, 2010 and 2009.

Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ($) and in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.).

 

   2008 

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) Operating Activities:

   

Income before income taxes

  $975   Ps.13,485  

Non-cash operating expenses

   67    930  

Other adjustments regarding operating activities

   101    1,390  

Adjustments regarding investing activities:

   

Depreciation

   398    5,508  

Amortization

   185    2,560  

Loss on sale of long-lived assets

   13    185  

Write-off of long-lived assets

   36    502  

Interest income

   (43  (598

Adjustments regarding financing activities:

   

Interest expenses

   356    4,930  

Foreign exchange loss, net

   122    1,694  

Gain on monetary position, net

   (47  (657

Market value loss on ineffective portion of derivative instruments

   105    1,456  
         
   2,268    31,385  
         

Accounts receivable

   (27  (367

Inventories

   (210  (2,900

Other assets

   3    35  

Suppliers and other payable accounts

   116    1,599  

Other liabilities

   47    653  

Labor liabilities

   (42  (587

Income taxes paid

   (488  (6,754
         

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   1,667    23,064  
         

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) from Investment Activities:

   

REMIL acquisition

   (263  (3,633

Other acquisitions

   (17  (233

Interest received

   43    598  

Long-lived assets acquisition

   (736  (10,186

Long-lived assets sale

   39    541  

Other assets

   (250  (3,460

Bottles and cases

   (72  (990

Intangible assets

   (50  (697
         

Net cash flows used in investment activities

   (1,306  (18,060
         

Net cash flows available for financing activities

   361    5,004  
         

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) Financing Activities:

   

Resources from bank loans

   1,630    22,545  

Bank loans payments

   (1,496  (20,693

Interest paid

   (414  (5,733

Dividends paid

   (149  (2,065

Acquisition of minority interest

   (16  (223

Other liabilities

   1    9  
         

Net cash flows used in financing activities

   (444  (6,160
         

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents

   (83  (1,156

Translation and restatement effects

   7    97  
         

Initial cash

   773    10,694  

Initial restricted cash

   (17  (238
         

Initial balance, net

   756    10,456  

Restricted cash of the year

   (21  (287
         

Ending balance, net

  $659   Ps.9,110  
         
   2011  2010  2009 

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) Operating Activities:

     

Income before income taxes from continuing operations

  $  2,033    Ps.  28,371    Ps.  23,632    Ps.�� 16,758  

Non-cash operating expenses

   37    513    386    664  

Other adjustments regarding operating activities

   113    1,583    545    773  

Adjustments regarding investing activities:

     

Depreciation

   394    5,498    4,527    4,391  

Amortization

   75    1,043    975    798  

(Gain) loss on sale of long-lived assets

   (1  (9  215    177  

Gain on sale of shares

   —      (1  (1,554  (35

Disposal of long-lived assets

   50    703    9    129  

Interest income

   (72  (999  (1,104  (1,205

Equity method of associates

   (370  (5,167  (3,538  (132

Adjustments regarding financing activities:

     

Interest expenses

   210    2,934    3,265    4,011  

Foreign exchange (gain) loss, net

   (84  (1,165  614    431  

Gain on monetary position, net

   (9  (146  (410  (486

Market value loss (gain) on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   11    159    (212  (124
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   2,387    33,317    27,350    26,150  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accounts receivable and other current assets

   (202  (2,819  (1,402  (681

Inventories

   (160  (2,227  (1,369  (698

Suppliers and other accounts payable

   107    1,492    823    2,373  

Other liabilities

   (40  (566  (249  (267

Employee benefits

   (36  (496  (530  (302

Income taxes paid

   (463  (6,457  (6,821  (3,831
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by continuing operations

   1,593    22,244    17,802    22,744  

Net cash flows provided by discontinued operations

   —      —      1,127    8,181  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   1,593    22,244    18,929    30,925  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) Investing Activities:

     

BRISA acquisition, net of cash acquired (see Note 5 A)

   —      —      —      (717

Payment of debt for the acquisition of Grupo Tampico, net of cash acquired (see Note 5 A)

   (173  (2,414  —      —    

Payment of debt for the acquisition of Grupo CIMSA , net of cash acquired (see Note 5 A)

   (137  (1,912  —      —    

Purchase of investments

   (97  (1,351  (66  (2,001

Proceeds from investments

   5    68    1,108    —    

Recovery of long-term financing receivables with FEMSA Cerveza

   —      —      12,209    —    

Net effects of FEMSA Cerveza exchange

   —      —      876    —    

Other disposals

   —      —      1,949    —    

Interest received

   71    991    1,104    1,205  

Dividends received

   119    1,661    1,304    —    

Long-lived assets acquisitions

   (760  (10,615  (9,590  (7,315

Long-lived assets sale

   38    535    624    679  

Other assets

   (324  (4,515  (2,448  (1,880

Intangible assets

   (38  (538  (892  (1,347
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows (used in) generated by investment activities by continuing operations

   (1,296  (18,090  6,178    (11,376

Net cash flows used in investment activities by discontinued operations

   —      —      (4  (3,389
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows (used in) generated by investing activities

   (1,296  (18,090  6,174    (14,765
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows available for financing activities

   297    4,154    25,103    16,160  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of cash flows.

   2011  2010  2009 

Cash Flow Generated by (Used in) Financing Activities:

     

Bank loans obtained

   474    6,606    9,016    14,107  

Bank loans paid

   (267  (3,732  (12,536  (15,533

Interest paid

   (218  (3,043  (3,018  (4,259

Dividends declared and paid

   (475  (6,625  (3,813  (2,246

Acquisition of non-controlling interest

   (8  (115  (219  67  

Other liabilities

   (1  (13  74    (25
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows used in financing activities by continuing operations

   (495  (6,922  (10,496  (7,889

Net cash flows used in financing activities by discontinued operations

   —      —      (1,012  (909
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows used in financing activities

   (495  (6,922  (11,508  (8,798
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows by continuing operations

   (198  (2,768  13,484    3,479  

Net cash flows by discontinued operations

   —      —      111    3,883  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows

   (198  (2,768  13,595    7,362  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Translation and restatement effect on cash and cash equivalents

   143    2,000    (1,006  (1,173

Initial cash

   1,942    27,097    15,824    9,635  

Initial cash of discontinued operations

   —      —      (1,316  —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Initial cash and cash equivalents

   1,942    27,097    14,508    9,635  

Ending balance

   1,887    26,329    27,097    15,824  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance by discontinued operations

   —      —      —      (1,316
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total ending balance of cash and cash equivalents, net

  $  1,887   Ps.  26,329   Ps.  27,097   Ps.  14,508  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of cash flows.

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICOMÉXICO

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Financial PositionStockholders’ Equity

For the years ended December 31, 20072011, 2010 and 2006. Amounts expressed in millions of constant Mexican pesos (Ps.).

   2007  2006 

Resources Generated by (Used in) Operating Activities:

   

Consolidated net income

  Ps.11,936   Ps.9,860  

Depreciation

   4,930    4,954  

Amortization and other non-cash charges

   3,182    3,154  

Impairment of long-lived assets

   93    208  

Deferred income taxes

   (239  78  
         
   19,902    18,254  
         

Working capital:

   

Accounts receivable

   (1,536  (557

Inventories

   (1,812  (1,153

Recoverable taxes, net

   453    (568

Other current assets and investment in shares available for sale

   (668  (173

Suppliers and other current liabilities

   1,987    1,403  

Interest payable

   14    25  

Labor liabilities

   (318  (297
         

Net resources generated by operating activities

   18,022    16,934  
         

Resources Generated by (Used in) Investing Activities:

   

Sale of minority interest

   415    —    

Property, plant and equipment

   (6,015  (5,281

Other assets

   (4,472  (3,086

Investment in shares

   (1,040  74  

Bottles and cases

   (861  (696

Intangible assets

   (336  (433

Other business acquisitions

   (128  (165

Acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA minority interest

   —      (4,801

Acquisitions by FEMSA Cerveza

   —      (1,421
         

Net resources used in investing activities

   (12,437  (15,809
         

Resources Generated by (Used in) Financing Activities:

   

Bank loans obtained

   9,660    9,404  

Bank loans paid

   (10,851  (4,292

Amortization in real terms of long-term liabilities

   (1,202  (1,213

Dividends declared and paid

   (1,909  (1,459

Contingencies and other liabilities

   (45  (3,906

Cumulative translation adjustment

   446    (213
         

Net resources used in financing activities

   (3,901  (1,679
         

Cash and cash equivalents:

   

Net increase (decrease)

   1,684    (554

Cash received in acquisitions

   6    55  

Initial balance

   8,766    9,265  
         

Ending balance

  Ps.10,456   Ps.8,766  
         

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of changes in financial position.

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.2009. Amounts expressed in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.).(1)

 

    Capital
Stock
  Additional
Paid-in
Capital
  Retained
Earnings
from Prior
Years
  Net
Income
  Cumulative
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
  Majority
Interest
  Minority
Interest in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries
  Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balances at December 31, 2005

  Ps. 5,348  Ps.22,246   Ps.27,633   Ps. 5,951   Ps. (8,778 Ps. 52,400   Ps. 21,998   Ps. 74,398  
                                 

Transfer of prior year net income

      5,951    (5,951   —      —      —    

Dividends declared and paid

      (1,055    (1,055  (404  (1,459

Acquisition of Kaiser minority interest

         —      467    467  

Acquisition by FEMSA Cerveza of minority interest

     (80     (80  (95  (175

Acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA minority interest

     (1,609     (1,609  (3,192  (4,801

Comprehensive income

       7,127    (129  6,998    2,780    9,778  
                                 

Balances at December 31, 2006

   5,348   20,557    32,529    7,127    (8,907  56,654    21,554    78,208  
                                 

Transfer of prior year net income

      7,127    (7,127   —      —      —    

Dividends declared and paid

      (1,525    (1,525  (384  (1,909

Sale of minority interest

     55       55    360    415  

Acquisition by FEMSA Cerveza of minority interest

      (23    (23  (16  (39

Comprehensive income

       8,511    906    9,417    3,561    12,978  
                                 

Balances at December 31, 2007

   5,348   20,612    38,108    8,511    (8,001  64,578    25,075    89,653  
                                 

Transfer of prior year net income

      8,511    (8,511   —      —      —    

Change in accounting principles (see Note 2 b and d)

      (6,070   6,424    354    —      354  

Dividends declared and paid

      (1,620    (1,620  (445  (2,065

Acquisitions by Coca-Cola FEMSA of minority interest

     (61     (61  (162  (223

Other transactions of minority interest

          91    91  

Comprehensive income

       6,708    (1,138  5,570    3,515    9,085  
                                 

Balances at December 31, 2008

  Ps.5,348  Ps.20,551   Ps. 38,929   Ps.6,708   Ps.(2,715 Ps.68,821   Ps.28,074   Ps.96,895  
                                 

(1)Amounts as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are expressed in millions of Mexican pesos as of the end of December 31, 2007 (see Note 2).
  Capital
Stock
  Additional
Paid-in
Capital
  Retained
Earnings
from Prior
Years
  Net
Income
  Cumulative
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
  Controlling
Interest
  Non-Controlling
Interest in
Consolidated
Subsidiaries
  Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balances at December 31, 2008

 Ps.5,348   Ps.20,551   Ps.38,929   Ps.6,708   Ps.(2,715)   Ps.68,821   Ps.28,074   Ps.96,895  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Transfer of prior year net income

    6,708    (6,708   —      —      —    

Change in accounting principles (see Note 2 K)

    (182    (182  —      (182

Dividends declared and paid (see Note 21)

    (1,620    (1,620  (635  (2,255

Acquisition by FEMSA Cerveza of non-controlling interest

   (3     (3  19    16  

Comprehensive income

     9,908    4,713    14,621    6,734    21,355  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at December 31, 2009

  5,348    20,548    43,835    9,908    1,998    81,637    34,192    115,829  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Transfer of prior year net income

    9,908    (9,908   —      —      —    

Dividends declared and paid (see Note 21)

    (2,600    (2,600  (1,213  (3,813

Other transactions of non-controlling interest

   10       10    (283  (273

Recycling of OCI and decreasing of non-controlling interest due to exchange of FEMSA Cerveza (see Note 5 B)

     525    (525  —      (1,221  (1,221

Other movements of equity method of associates, net of taxes

    (98    (98  —      (98

Comprehensive income

     39,726    (1,327  38,399    4,190    42,589  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at December 31, 2010

  5,348    20,558    51,045    40,251    146    117,348    35,665    153,013  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Transfer of prior year net income

    40,251    (40,251   —      —      —    

Dividends declared and paid (see Note 21)

    (4,600    (4,600  (2,025  (6,625

Acquisition of Grupo Tampico through issuance of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (see Note 5 A)

       —      7,828    7,828  

Acquisition of Grupo CIMSA through issuance of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (see Note 5 A)

       —      9,017    9,017  

Other transactions of non-controlling interest

   (45     (45  (70  (115

Other movements of equity method of associates, net of taxes

    60      60    —      60  

Comprehensive income

     15,133    5,684    20,817    7,119    27,936  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balances at December 31, 2011

 Ps. 5,348   Ps. 20,513   Ps. 86,756   Ps. 15,133   Ps. 5,830   Ps.133,580   Ps.57,534   Ps.191,114  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity.

FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006.2009. Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ($) and in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.).

Note 1. Activities of the Company.Company

Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (“FEMSA”) is a Mexican holding company. The principal activities of FEMSA and its subsidiaries (the “Company”), as an economic unit, are carried out by operating subsidiaries and grouped under direct and indirect holding company subsidiaries (the “Subholding Companies”) of FEMSA.

On February 1, 2010, the Company and The Coca-Cola Company signed a second amendment to the shareholders’ agreement that confirms contractually the capability of the Company to govern the operating and financial policies of Coca-Cola FEMSA, to exercise control over the operations in the ordinary course of business and grants protective rights to The Coca-Cola Company on such items as mergers, acquisitions or sales of any line of business. These amendments were signed without transfer of any consideration. The percentage of voting interest of the Company in Coca-Cola FEMSA remains the same after the signing of this amendment.

On April 30, 2010, FEMSA exchanged 100% of its stake in FEMSA Cerveza, the beer business unit, for a 20% economic interest in Heineken Group (“Heineken”). This strategic transaction, as well as the related impacts, is broadly described in Note 5 B.

The following is a description of suchthe activities of the Company as of the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, together with the ownership interest in each Subholding Company:

 

Subholding Company

  % Ownership 

Activities

Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries (“Coca-Cola FEMSA”)  53.7%50.0% (1) (2)

(63.0% of the
voting shares)

 Production, distribution and marketing of certain Coca-Cola trademark beverages in Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina. The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns 31.6%29.4% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock. In addition, shares representing 14.7%20.6% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s capital stock are traded on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange “BMV”) and The. Its American Depositary Shares (ADSs) trade on the New York Stock Exchange Inc. (“NYSE”)(NYSE).
FEMSA Cerveza, S.A. de C.V. and subsidiaries (“FEMSA Cerveza”)100%

Production, distribution and marketing of beer through its principal operating subsidiary, Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma, S.A. de C.V., which operates six breweries throughout Mexico and produces and distributes different brands of beer, of which the five most important are: Tecate, Tecate Light, Sol, Carta Blanca and Indio.

Since January 2006, FEMSA Cerveza produces, distributes and markets beer in Brazil through Cervejarías Kaiser Brasil, S.A. (“Kaiser”) which operates eight breweries in this country. Kaiser produces different beer brands of which the most important are Kaiser, Bavaria and Sol (see Note 5 c).

FEMSA Comercio, S.A. de C.V. and subsidiaries (“FEMSA Comercio”)  100% Operation of a chain of convenience stores in Mexico under the trade name “OXXO.”
CB Equity, LLP (“CB Equity”)100%This company holds Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. shares, acquired as part of the exchange of FEMSA Cerveza on April 2010 (see Note 5 B).
Other companies  100% Companies engaged in the production and distribution of labels, plastic cases, coolers, and commercial refrigeration equipment;equipment and plastic cases; as well as transportation logistics and maintenance services to FEMSA’s subsidiaries and to third parties.

(1)The Company controls operating and financial policies.
(2)The ownership decreased from 53.7% in 2010 to 50.0% as of December 31, 2011 as a result of merger transactions (see Note 5 A).

Note 2. Basis of Presentation.Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of FEMSA and those companies in which it directly or indirectly owns a majority of the outstanding voting capital stock and/or exercises control. All intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in such consolidation.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with Normas de Información Financiera (Mexican Financial Reporting Standards or “Mexican FRS”), individually referred to as “NIFs,” and are stated in millions of Mexican pesos (“Ps.”). The translation of Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars (“$”) is included solely for the convenience of the reader, using the noon buying exchange rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York of 13.832013.9510 pesos per U.S. dollar as of December 31, 2008.30, 2011.

The presentationconsolidated financial statements include the financial statements of FEMSA and those companies in which it exercises control. All intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company classifies its costs and expenses by function in the accompanying consolidated income statements as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 isstatement, in accordance withorder to conform to the general criteria established inindustry’s practices where the B-3 “Income Statement,” and in the Interpretation of the NIF 4 “Presentation of Employee Profit Sharing in the Income Statement”; both rules came into effect on January 1, 2007. NIF B-3 does not require the inclusion of theCompany operates. The income from operations line in the income statement which is the result of subtracting cost of sales and operating expenses from total revenues; however,revenues, and it has been included for a better understanding of the Company’s financial and economic performance. The Company classifies its costs

Beginning on January 1, 2008, and expenses by function in the income statement, in orderaccording to attend the industry’s practices whereNIF B-10 “Effects of Inflation,” only inflationary economic environments have to recognize inflation effects. Since that date the Company operates.

has operated in a non inflationary economic environment in Mexico. As a result, the financial statements are no longer restated for inflation after December 31, 2007. Figures presented as of December 31, 2006, have been restated2010, 2009 and translated2008 are presented as they were reported in last year.

The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2007, which is2010 and the dateconsolidated statement of cash flows for the last recognition of the effects of inflation in the financial information.

The consolidated financial statement as ofyears ended December 31, 2007 presents2010 and 2009 present certain reclassifications for comparable purposes that do not affect the reasonability of the information originally presented.in accordance with several Mexican FRS which came into effect on January 1, 2011 (see Notes 2 C, D and E).

The results of operations of businesses acquired by FEMSAthe Company are included in the consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition. As a result of certain acquisitions (see Note 5)5 A), the consolidated financial statements are not comparable to the figures presented in prior years.

On February 25, 2009, the Board of Directors of FEMSA unanimously approved the issuance of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Mexico (“Mexican FRS”). On March 25, 2009 the stockholders ratified those Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements at the ordinary stockholders’ meeting of FEMSA. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include both those previously approved Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements, supplemented by the disclosures in Notes 26 and 27 related to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for the purpose of inclusion in the Company’s annual report filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 20-F. Thetheir accompanying consolidated financial statementsnotes were approved for issuance by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer on June 26, 2009.April 27, 2012 and subsequent events have been considered through that date (see Note 29).

On January 1, 2008,2011, 2010, and 2009 several rules of financial information applicable to MexicoMexican FRS came into effect, and they impact the recording and the presentation of financial information.effect. Such changes and their application are described as follows:

 

a)NIF B-2, “Statement of Cash Flows”B-5, “Financial Information by Segment”:

In 2008,2011, the Company adopted NIF B-2 “StatementB-5 “Financial Information by Segment”, which superseded Bulletin B-5. NIF B-5 establishes that an operating segment shall meet the following criteria: i) the segment engages in business activities from which it earns or is in the process of Cash Flows.” As establishedobtaining revenues, and incurs in NIF B-2, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows is presented as part of these financial statements asrelated costs and expenses; ii) the operating results are reviewed regularly by the main authority of the endentity’s decision maker; and iii) specific financial information is available. NIF B-5 also requires disclosures related to operating segments subject to reporting, including details of December 31, 2008. For the years ended December 31, 2007earnings, assets and 2006, NIF B-2 requires the presentation of the Statement of Changesliabilities, reconciliations, information about products and services, and geographical areas. This pronouncement was applied retrospectively for comparative purposes and had no impact, except for new disclosure requirements such as: consolidated other expenses, consolidated other net finance expenses, consolidated net income before discontinued operations and investment in Financial Position which is not comparable to the Statement of Cash Flows. The adoption of NIF B-2 also resulted in several complementary disclosures not previously required.associates and joint ventures (see Note 25).

 

b)NIF B-10, “Effects of Inflation”B-9, “Interim Financial Reporting”:

In 2008, theThe Company adopted NIF B-10 “EffectsB-9 “Interim Financial Reporting”, which prescribes the content to be included in a complete or condensed set of Inflation.” Before 2008, the Company restated prior years financial statements to reflectfor an interim period. In accordance with this standard, the impactcomplete set of current period inflation for comparability purposes.

NIF B-10 establishes two types of inflationary environments: a) Inflationary Economic Environment; this is when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is 26% or more, in such case, inflation effects should be recognized in the financial statements by applying the integral method as described in NIF B-10; the recognized restatement effects for inflationary economic environments is made starting in the period that the entity becomes inflationary; and b) Non-Inflationary Economic Environment; this is when cumulative inflationshall include: a) a statement of the three preceding years is less than 26%, in such case, no inflationary effects should be recognized in the financial statements, keeping the recognized restatement effects until the last period in which the inflationary accounting was applied.

As of December 31, 2008, the operations of the Company are classified as follows considering the cumulative inflation of the three preceding years:

Cumulative Inflation
2005-2007
Type of
Economy

Mexico

11.6Non-Inflationary

Guatemala

24.6Non-Inflationary

Colombia

16.0Non-Inflationary

Brazil

13.5Non-Inflationary

Panama

12.3Non-Inflationary

Venezuela

63.8Inflationary

Nicaragua

39.9Inflationary

Costa Rica

38.3Inflationary

Argentina

33.8Inflationary

In order to reverse the effects of inflationary accounting, NIF B-10 establishes that the results of holding non-monetary assets (RETANM) of previous periods should be reclassified in retained earnings. On January 1, 2008, the amount of RETANM reclassified in retained earnings was Ps. 6,070 (see Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity).

Through December 31, 2007, the Company accounted for inventories at replacement cost. As a result of NIF B-10 adoption, beginning in 2008, the Company carries out the inventories valuation based on valuation methods described in Bulletin C-4 “Inventories.” Inventories from Subholding Companies that operate in inflationary environments, are restated using inflation factors. The change in accounting for inventories impacted the consolidated income statement, through an increase to cost of sales of Ps. 350position as of the end of December 31, 2008.

In addition,the period, b) an income statement for the period, c) a statement of changes in equity for the period, d) a statement of cash flows for the period, and e) notes providing the relevant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. Condensed financial statements shall include: a) condensed statement of financial position, b) condensed income statement, c) condensed statement of changes in equity, d) condensed statement of cash flows, and e) selected explanatory notes. The adoption of NIF B-10 eliminates the restatement of imported equipment by applying the inflation factors and exchange rate of the country where the asset was purchased. Beginning in 2008, these assets are recorded using the exchange rate of the acquisition date. Subholding Companies that operate in inflationary environments should restate imported equipment using the inflation factors of the country where the asset is acquired. The change in this methodologyB-9 did not impact significantly the consolidatedCompany’s annual financial statements of the Company.statements.

c)NIF B-15, “Translation of Foreign Currencies”C-4, “Inventories”:

On January 1, 2011 the Company adopted NIF B-15 incorporatesC-4, which replaced Mexican accounting Bulletin C-4, Inventories. The principal difference between Mexican accounting Bulletin C-4 and Mexican FRS C-4 is that the conceptsnew standard does not allow using direct costs as the inventory valuation method nor does it allow using the LIFO cost method as the formulas (formerly method) for the assignment of recording currency, functional currency and reporting currency, and establishes the methodology to translate financial information of a foreign entity, based on those terms. Additionally, this rule is aligned with NIF B-10, which defines translation procedures of financial information from subsidiaries that operate in inflationary and non-inflationary environments. Priorunit cost to the inventories. Mexican FRS C-4 establishes that inventories must be valued at the lower of either acquisition cost or net realizable value. Such standard also establishes that advances to suppliers for the acquisition of merchandise must be classified as inventories provided the risks and benefits are transferred to the Company. This standard also sets some additional disclosures. NIF C-4 was applied retrospectively causing a decrease in the inventory balances reported as of December 31, 2010 as a result of the treatment of presentation of advances to suppliers (see Note 2 D), and additional disclosures related to goods in transit and allowance for obsolescence, which was reclassified to finished products (see Note 7). The application of this rule, translation of financial information from foreign subsidiaries was according to inflationary environments methodology. The adoption of this pronouncement is prospective andstandard did not impact the consolidated financial statementson inventory valuation of the Company (see Note 3).Company.

 

d)NIF D-3, “Employee Benefits”C-5, “Prepaid Expenses”:

In 2011, the Company adopted NIF C-5, which superseded Mexican accounting Bulletin C-5. This standard establishes that the main characteristic of prepaid expenses is that they do not result in the transfer to the entity of the benefits and risks inherent to the goods or services to be received. Consequently, prepaid expenses must be recognized in the balance sheet as either current or non-current assets, depending on the item classification in the statement of financial position. Moreover, Mexican FRS C-5 establishes that prepayments made for goods or services whose inherent benefits and risks have already been transferred to the entity must be carried to the appropriate caption. The accounting changes resulting from the adoption of this standard were recognized retrospectively, causing an increase in “other current assets” Ps. 133 (see Note 8) and “other assets” Ps. 226 (see Note 12), as a result of the comparative presentation of prepaid expenses, which were reclassified from “inventories” (Ps. 133) and “property, plant, and equipment” (Ps. 226), as of December 31, 2010.

e)NIF C-6, “Property, Plant and Equipment”:

In 2011, the Company adopted NIF C-6, which replaced Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, Property, Machinery and Equipment, and it is effective beginning on January 1, 2011, with the exception for the changes related to the segregation of property, plant and equipment into separate components of those assets with different useful lives that is effective on January 1, 2012. However, the depreciation by separate items (major components), has been applied by the Company since priors years, and consequently did not impact its financials statements. Among other points, NIF C-6 establishes that for acquisitions of free-of charge assets, the cost of the assets must be null, thus eliminating the option of performing appraisals. In the case of asset exchanges, NIF C-6 requires entities to determine the commercial substance of the transaction. The depreciation of all assets must be applied against the components of the assets, and the amount to be depreciated is the cost of acquisition less the asset’s residual value. In addition, NIF C-6 clarifies that regardless of whether the use or non use of the asset is temporary or indefinite, it should not cease the depreciation charge. Depreciation of an asset ceases at the earlier of the date that the asset is classified as held for sale and the date that the asset is derecognized. There are specific disclosures for public entities such as: additions, disposals, depreciation, impairments, among others. This standard was fully applied and did not impact the Company’s financial statements, except for reclassification from the balance of the property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2010 as a result of the treatment of presentation of advances to suppliers (see Note 2 D) and additional disclosures (see Note 10).

f)NIF C-18, “Obligations Related to Retirement of Property, Plant and Equipment”:

In 2011, the Company adopted NIF C-18, which establishes the accounting treatment for the recognition of a liability for legal or constructive obligations related to the retirement of property, plant and equipment recognized as a result of the acquisition, construction, development and/or normal operation of such components. This standard also establishes that an entity must initially recognize a provision for obligations related to retirement of property, plant and equipment based on its best estimate of the disbursements required to settle the present obligation at the time it is assumed, provided a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The best estimate of a provision for an obligation associated with the retirement of property, plant and equipment components should be determined using the expected present value method. The adoption of NIF C-18 did not impact the Company’s financial statements.

g)NIF C-1, “Cash and Cash Equivalents”:

In 2010, the Company adopted NIF C-1 “Cash and Cash Equivalents,” which superseded Bulletin C-1 “Cash.” NIF C-1 establishes that cash shall be measured at nominal value, and cash equivalents shall be measured at acquisition cost for initial recognition. Subsequently, cash equivalents should be measured according to its designation: precious metals shall be measured at fair value, foreign currencies shall be translated to the reporting currency applying the closing exchange rate, other cash equivalents denominated in a different measure of exchange shall be recognized to the extent provided for this purpose at the closing date of financial statements, and temporary investments shall be presented at fair value. Cash

and cash equivalents will be presented in the first line of assets, including restricted cash. This pronouncement was applied retrospectively, causing an increase in the cash balances reported as a result of the treatment of presentation of restricted cash, which was reclassified from “other current assets” for the amount of Ps. 394 at December 31, 2010 (see Note 4 B).

h)Interpretation to Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“Interpretación a las Normas de Información Financiera”) or “INIF 19”, “Accounting Change as a Result of IFRS Adoption”:

On September 30, 2010, INIF 19 “Accounting change as a result of IFRS adoption” was issued. INIF 19 states disclosure requirements for: (a) financial statements based on Mexican FRS that were issued before IFRS adoption and (b) financial statements on Mexican FRS that are issued during IFRS adoption process. The adoption of this INIF, resulted in additional disclosures regarding IFRS adoption, such as date of adoption, significant financial impact, significant changes in accounting policies, and others (see Note 28).

i)NIF B-7, “Business Combinations”:

In 2009, the Company adopted NIF B-7 “Business Combinations,” which is an amendment to the previous Bulletin B-7 “Business Acquisitions.” NIF B-7 establishes general rules for recognizing the fair value of net assets of businesses acquired as well as the fair value of non-controlling interests, at the purchase date. This statement differs from the previous Bulletin B-7 in the following: a) To recognize all assets and liabilities acquired at their fair value, including the non-controlling interest based on the acquirer accounting policies, b) acquisition-related costs and restructuring expenses should not be part of the purchase price, and c) changes to tax amounts recorded in acquisitions must be recognized as part of the income tax provision. This pronouncement was applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date was on or after January 1, 2009.

j)NIF C-7, “Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments”:

NIF C-7 “Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments,” establishes general rules of accounting recognition for the investments in associated and other permanent investments not jointly or fully controlled or that are significantly influenced by an entity. This pronouncement includes guidance to determine the existence of significant influence. Previous Bulletin B-8 “Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Assessment of Permanent Share Investments,” defined that permanent share investments were accounted for by the equity method if the entity held 10% or more of its outstanding shares. NIF C-7 establishes that permanent share investments should to be accounted for by equity method if: a) an entity holds 10% or more of a public entity, b) an entity holds 25% or more of a non-public company, or c) an entity has significant influence in its investment as defined in NIF C-7. The Company adopted NIF D-3C-7 on January 1, 2009, and its adoption did not have a significant impact in 2008,its consolidated financial results.

k)NIF C-8, “Intangible Assets”:

In 2009, the Company adopted NIF C-8 “Intangible Assets” which eliminatesis similar to previous Bulletin C-8 “Intangible Assets.” NIF C-8, establishes the rules of valuation, presentation and disclosures for the initial and subsequent recognition of intangible assets that are acquired either individually, through acquisition of an entity, or generated internally in the course of the entity’s operations. This NIF considers intangible assets as non-monetary items, broadens the criteria of identification to include not only if they are separable (asset could be sold, transferred or used by the entity) but also whether they come from contractual or legal rights. NIF C-8 establishes that preoperative costs capitalized before this standard went into effect should have intangible assets characteristics, otherwise preoperative costs must be expensed as incurred. The impact of adopting NIF C-8 was a Ps. 182, net of deferred income tax, regarding prior years preoperative costs that did not have intangible asset characteristics, charged to January 1, 2009 retained earnings in the consolidated financial statements and is presented as a change in accounting principle in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity.

l)NIF D-8, “Share-Based Payments”:

In 2009, the Company adopted NIF D-8 “Share-Based Payments” which establishes the recognition of share-based payments. When an entity purchases goods or pays for services with equity instruments, the additional liability which resulted fromNIF requires the difference between obligations for accumulated benefitsentity to recognize those goods and services at fair value and the net projected liability. On January 1, 2008,corresponding increase in equity. If the additional liability canceled amounted to Ps. 1,510, from which Ps. 948 corresponds toentity cannot determine the intangible assetfair value of goods and Ps. 354 to the majority cumulative other comprehensive income, net from its deferred tax of Ps. 208.

Through 2007, the labor costs of past services, of severance indemnities and pension and retirement plans were amortized within the remaining labor life of employees. Beginning in 2008, NIF D-3 establishes a maximum five-year period to amortize the initial balanceit should determine if using an indirect method, based on fair value of the labor costs of past services of pension and retirement plans and the same amortization periodequity instruments. This pronouncement substitutes for the labor costsupplementary use of past service of severance indemnities, previously defined by Bulletin D-3 “Labor Liabilities” as unrecognized transition obligation and unrecognized prior service costs. As a result,IFRS 2 “Share-Based Payments.” The adoption of NIF D-3 increased Ps.

45 the amortization of prior service costs of severance indemnities in 2008 compared to 2007. This changeD-8 did not impact prior service coststhe Company’s financial statements.

m)NIF B-8, “Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements”:

NIF B-8 “Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements,” issued in 2008 amends Bulletin B-8 “Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Assessment of pension and retirement plans amortization since the remaining amortization period asPermanent Share Investments.” Prior Bulletin B-8 based its

consolidation principle mainly on ownership of the adoption date was 5 yearsmajority voting capital stock. NIF B-8 differs from previous Bulletin B-8 in the following: a) defines control as the power to govern financial and operating policies, b) establishes that there are other facts, such as contractual agreements that have to be considered to determine if an entity exercises control or less. As of December 31, 2008, 2007not, c) defines “Specific-Purpose Entity” (“SPE”), as those entities that are created to achieve a specific purpose and 2006, labor costs of past services amounted to Ps. 221, Ps. 146 and Ps. 97, respectively; and were recordedare considered within the operating income.scope of this pronouncement, d) establishes new terms as “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest,” and e) confirms that non-controlling interest must be assessed at fair value at the subsidiary acquisition date. NIF B-8 was applied prospectively, beginning on January 1, 2009. The amendment to the shareholders agreement described in Note 1, allowed the Company to continue to consolidate Coca-Cola FEMSA for Mexican FRS purposes during 2009.

During 2007 actuarial gainsAdoption of IFRS

TheComisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores(Mexican National Banking and lossesSecurities Commission, or CNBV) announced that from 2012, all public companies listed in Mexico must report their financial information in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). Since 2006, the CINIF (Mexican Board of severance indemnities were amortized during the personnel average labor life. BeginningResearch and Development of Financial Reporting Standards) has been modifying Mexican Financial Reporting Standards in 2008, actuarial gains and losses of severance indemnities are registeredorder to ensure their convergence with IFRS.

The Company will adopt IFRS beginning in the operating income of the year they were generated and the balance of unrecognized actuarial gains and losses asJanuary 1, 2012 with a transition date to IFRS of January 1, 2008 was recorded2011. The consolidated financial statements of the Company for 2012 will be presented in other expenses and amountedaccordance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The SEC has previously changed its rules to Ps. 198.allow foreign private issuers that report under IFRS as issued by the IASB to not reconcile their financial statements to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), (see Note 28).

Note 3. Foreign Subsidiary Incorporation.Incorporation

The accounting records of foreign subsidiaries are maintained in local currency and in accordance with local accounting principles of each country. For incorporation into the Company’s consolidated financial statements, each foreign subsidiary’s individual financial statements are adjusted to Mexican FRS, and then beginning in 2008, translated into Mexican pesos, as described as follows:

 

For inflationary economic environments, the inflation effects of the origin country are recognized, and subsequently translated into Mexican pesos using the year-end exchange rate for the balance sheets and income statements; and

 

For non-inflationary economic environments, assets and liabilities are translated into Mexican pesos using the period-endyear-end exchange rate, stockholders’ equity is translated into Mexican pesos using the historical exchange rate, and the income statement is translated using the average exchange rate of each month.

 

      Local Currencies to Mexican Pesos

Country

  

Currency

  Average Exchange
Rate for 2008
  Exchange Rate as of
December 31, 2008

Mexico

  Mexican peso  Ps. 1.00  Ps. 1.00

Guatemala

  Quetzal   1.47   1.74

Costa Rica

  Colon   0.02   0.02

Panama

  U.S. dollar   11.09   13.54

Colombia

  Colombian peso   0.01   0.01

Nicaragua

  Cordoba   0.57   0.68

Argentina

  Argentine peso   3.50   3.92

Venezuela(1)

  Bolivar   5.20   6.30

Brazil

  Reai   6.11   5.79

      Local Currencies to Mexican Pesos 
   Functional /
Recording Currency
  Average Exchange
Rate for
   Exchange Rate as of December 31 

Country or Zone

    2011   2010   2009   2011   2010   2009 

Mexico

  Mexican peso  Ps.1.00    Ps.1.00    Ps.1.00    Ps.1.00    Ps.1.00    Ps.1.00  

Guatemala

  Quetzal   1.60     1.57     1.66     1.79     1.54     1.56  

Costa Rica

  Colon   0.02     0.02     0.02     0.03     0.02     0.02  

Panama

  U.S. dollar   12.43     12.64     13.52     13.98     12.36     13.06  

Colombia

  Colombian peso   0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01     0.01  

Nicaragua

  Cordoba   0.55     0.59     0.67     0.61     0.56     0.63  

Argentina

  Argentine peso   3.01     3.23     3.63     3.25     3.11     3.44  

Venezuela(1)

  Bolivar   2.89     2.97     6.29     3.25     2.87     6.07  

Brazil

  Reai   7.42     7.18     6.83     7.45     7.42     7.50  

Euro Zone

  Euro   17.28     16.74     18.80     18.05     16.41     18.81  

 (1)Equals 2.1504.30 bolivars per one U.S. dollar in 2011 and 2010; and 2.15 bolivars per one U.S. dollar for 2009, translated to Mexican pesos applying the averageyear-end exchange rate or period-end rate.

The variations in the net investment in foreign subsidiaries generated by exchange rate fluctuation are included in the cumulative translation adjustment, which is recorded in stockholders’ equity as part of cumulative other comprehensive loss.income (loss).

Beginning the year 2003in 2010, the government of Venezuela established a fixedannounced the devaluation of the Bolivar (Bs). The official exchange rate control of Bs. 2.150 bolivarsto the dollar, in effect since 2005, was replaced on January 8, 2010, with a dual-rate regime, which allows two official exchange rates, one for essential products of Bs. 2.60 per U.S. dollar which isand other non-essential products of Bs. 4.30 per

U.S. dollar. According to this, the exchange rate used by the company rate uses to translateconvert the financial statementsinformation of itsthe operation for this country changed from Bs 2.15 to 4.30 per U.S. dollar in 2010. As a result of this devaluation, the balance sheet of the Coca-Cola FEMSA Venezuelan subsidiaries.

We have alsosubsidiary reflected a reduction in other comprehensive income (part of shareholder’s equity) of Ps. 3,700 which was accounted for at the time of the devaluation in January 2010. The Company has operated under exchange controls in Venezuela since 2003 that affect ourits ability to remit dividends abroad or make payments other than in local currencies and that may increase the real price to us of raw materials purchased in local currency.

During December 2010, authorities of the Venezuelan Government announced the unification of their two fixed U.S. dollar exchange rates to Bs. 4.30 per U.S. dollar, effective January 1, 2011. As a result of this change, the translation of balance sheet of the Coca-Cola FEMSA’s Venezuelan subsidiary did not have an impact in shareholders’ equity, since transactions performed by this subsidiary were already using the Bs. 4.30 exchange rate.

Intercompany financing balances with foreign subsidiaries are considered as long-term investments, since there is no plan to pay such financing in the short term.foreseeable future. Monetary position and exchange rate fluctuation regarding this financing are recorded in equity as part of cumulative translation adjustment, in cumulative other comprehensive income (loss).

The translation of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies into Mexican pesos is for consolidation purposes and does not indicate that the Company could realize or settle the reported value of those assets and liabilities in Mexican pesos. Additionally, this does not indicate that the Company could return or distribute the reported Mexican peso value equity to its shareholders.

Note 4. Significant Accounting Policies.Policies

The Company’s accounting policies are in accordance with Mexican FRS, which require that the Company’s management make certain estimates and use certain assumptions to determine the valuation of various items included in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s management believes that the estimates and assumptions used were appropriate as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. However actual results are subject to future events and uncertainties, which could materially impact the Company’s actual performance.

The significant accounting policies are as follows:

 

a)Recognition of the Effects of Inflation in Countries with Inflationary Economic Environment:

NIF B-10 establishes two types of inflationary environments: a) inflationary economic environment; this is when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is 26% or more. In such case, inflation effects are recognized in the financial statements by applying the integral method and the recognized restatement effects for inflationary economic environments is made starting in the period that the entity becomes inflationary; and b) non-inflationary economic environment; this is when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is less than 26%. In such case, no inflationary effects are recognized in the financial statements, keeping the recognized restatement effects from the last period in which the inflationary accounting was applied.

The Company recognizes the effects of inflation in the financial information of its subsidiaries that operate in inflationary economic environments through the integral method, which consists of (see Note 2 b):of:

 

Restating

Using inflation factors to restate non-monetary assets such as inventories, fixed assets,investments in process, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, including related costs and expenses when such assets are consumed or depreciated;depreciated. The imported assets are recorded using the exchange rate of the acquisition date, and are restated using the inflation factors of the country where the asset is acquired for inflationary economic environments;

 

Restating

Applying the appropriate inflation factors to restate capital stock, additional paid-in capital, and retained earnings and the cumulative other comprehensive income/loss by the necessary amount to maintain the purchasing power equivalent in Mexican pesos on the dates such capital was contributed or income was generated up to the date of these consolidated financial statements are presented, through the use of the appropriate inflation factors;presented; and

 

Including in the IntegralComprehensive Financing Result of Financing the gain or loss on monetary position (see Note 4 r)T).

The Company restates the financial information of its subsidiaries that operate in inflationary economic environments using the consumer price index of each country.

The operations of the Company are classified as follows considering the cumulative inflation of the three preceding years of 2011. The following classification was also applied for the 2010 period:

   Inflation Rate  Cumulative Inflation    
  2011  2010  2009  2010-2008  Type of Economy 

Mexico

   3.8  4.4  3.6  15.2  Non-Inflationary  

Guatemala

   6.2  5.4  (0.3)%   15.0  Non-Inflationary  

Colombia

   3.7  3.2  2.0  13.3  Non-Inflationary  

Brazil

   6.5  5.9  4.1  17.4  Non-Inflationary  

Panama

   6.3  4.9  1.9  14.1  Non-Inflationary  

Euro Zone

   2.7  2.2  0.9  4.3  Non-Inflationary  

Argentina

   9.5  10.9  7.7  28.1  Inflationary  

Venezuela

   27.6  27.2  25.1  108.2  Inflationary  

Nicaragua(1)

   7.6  9.2  0.9  25.4  Inflationary  

Costa Rica(1)

   4.7  5.8  4.0  25.4  Inflationary  

 

(1)Costa Rica and Nicaragua have been considered inflationary economies in 2009, 2010 and 2011. While the cumulative inflation for 2008-2010 was less than 26%, inflationary trends in these countries continue to support this classification.

 

b)Cash and Cash Equivalents:Equivalents and Investments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash is measured at nominal value and consists of non-interest bearing bank deposits.deposits and restricted cash. Cash equivalents consistconsisting principally of short-term bank deposits and fixed-rate investments with original maturities of three months or less are recorded at its acquisition cost plus interestsaccrued interest income not yet received, which is similar to listed market prices with original maturities of three months or less. prices.

   2011   2010 

Mexican pesos

  Ps.7,642    Ps.11,207  

U.S. dollars

   13,752     12,652  

Brazilian reais

   1,745     1,792  

Euros

   785     531  

Venezuelan bolivars

   1,668     460  

Colombian pesos

   471     213  

Argentine pesos

   131     153  

Others

   135     89  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  Ps.26,329    Ps.27,097  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, the Company has restricted cash which is pledged as collateral of accounts payable in different currencies as follows:

   2011   2010 

Venezuelan bolivars

  Ps.324    Ps.143  

Argentine pesos

   —       2  

Brazilian reais

   164     249  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  Ps.488    Ps.394  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, cash equivalents amounted to Ps. 4,58517,908 and Ps. 6,125,19,770, respectively.

Investments:

Investments consist of debt securities and bank deposits with maturities more than three months. Management determines the appropriate classification of investments of the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance date. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010 investments are classified as available-for-sale and held-to maturity.

Available-for-sale investments are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income. Interest and dividends on investments classified as available-for-sale are included in interest income. The fair values of the investments are readily available based on quoted market prices.

Held-to maturity investments are those that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity, and are carried at acquisition cost which includes any cost of purchase and premium or discount related to the investment which is amortized over the life of the investment based on its outstanding balance. Interest and dividends on investments classified as held-to maturity are included in interest income. The carrying value of Held-to maturity investments is similar to its fair value. The following is a detail of available-for-sale and held-to maturity investments.

Available-for-Sale        

Debt Securities

  2011   2010 

Acquisition cost

  Ps.326    Ps.66  

Unrealized gross gain

   4     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fair value

  Ps.330    Ps.66  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
Held-to Maturity(1)        

Bank Deposits

        

Acquisition cost

  Ps.993    Ps.—    

Accrued interest

   6     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amortized cost

  Ps.999    Ps.—    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total investments

  Ps.1,329    Ps.66  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)Investments contracted in euros at a fixed interest rate and maturing on April 2, 2012.

 

c)Allowance for doubtful accountsAccounts Receivable:

Accounts receivable representing exigible rights arising from sales, services and loans to employees or any other similar concept, are measured at their realizable value and are presented net of discounts and allowance for doubtful accounts.

Allowance for doubtful accounts is based on an evaluation of the aging of the receivable portfolio and the economic situation of the Company’s clients, as well as the Company’s historialhistorical loss rate on recievablesreceivables and the economic environment in which we operate.the Company operates. The carrying value of accounts receivable approximates its fair value as of both December 31, 2011 and 2010.

Coca-Cola FEMSA has accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company arising from the latter’s participation in advertising and promotional programs and investment in refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles made by Coca-Cola FEMSA (see Note 4 L).

 

d)Inventories and Cost of Sales:

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

The cost of inventories is based on the weighted average cost formula and the operating segments of the Company use thoseinventory costing methodologies proposed by Bulletin C-4 “Inventories” to value their inventories, such as averagethe standard cost method in FEMSA Cerveza and Coca-Cola FEMSA and retailerretail method in FEMSA Comercio. Advances to suppliers of raw materials are included in the inventory account.

Cost of sales based on average cost is determined based on the average amount of the inventories at the time of sale. Cost of sales includes expenses related to raw materials used in the production process, labor cost (wages and other benefits), depreciation of production facilities, equipment and other costs such as fuel, electricity, breakage of returnable bottles in the production process, equipment maintenance, inspection and inter- and intra-plantplant transfer costs.

 

e)Other Current Assets:

Other current assets are comprised of payments for goods and services whose inherent risks and benefits have not been transferred to the Company and that will be received over the next 12 months, and the fair market value of derivative financial instruments with maturity dates of less than one year (see Note 4 s).U), and long-lived assets available for sale that will be sold within the following year.

Prepaid expenses principally consist of advances to suppliers of raw materials, advertising, promotional, leasing and insurance expenses, and are recognized in the appropriate balance sheet or income statement caption when the risks and benefits have already been transferred to the Company and/or goods, services or benefits are received.

Advertising costs consist of television and radio advertising airtime paid in advance, and areis generally amortized over a 12-month period based on the transmission of the television and radio spots. The related production costs are recognized in income from operations the first time the advertising is broadcasted.

Promotional costsexpenses are expensedrecognized as incurred, except for those promotional costs related to the launching of new products or presentations.presentations before they are on the market. These costs are recorded as prepaid expenses and amortized over the period during which they are estimated to increase sales of the related products or container presentations to normal operating levels, which is generally no longer than one year.

Additionally, asThe long-lived assets available-for-sale are recorded at the lower of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company has restricted cash which is pledged as collateral of accounts payable in different currencies. The restricted cash is presented as part of other currentcost or net realizable value. Long-lived assets dueare subject to its short-term nature.impairment tests (see Note 8).

   2008  2007

Venezuelan bolivars

  Ps. 337  Ps. 224

Mexican pesos

   134  —  

Brazilian reais

   54  14
       
  Ps.525  Ps. 238
       

 

f)Bottles and Cases:Capitalization of Comprehensive Financing Result:

Returnable bottlesComprehensive financing result directly attributable to qualifying assets has to be capitalized as part of acquisition cost, except for interest income obtained from temporary investments while the entity is waiting to invest in the qualifying asset. Comprehensive financing result of long-term financing clearly linked to qualifying assets is capitalized directly. When comprehensive financing result of direct or indirect financing is not clearly linked to qualifying assets, the Company capitalizes the proportional comprehensive financing result attributable to those qualifying assets by the weighted average interest rate of each business, including the effects of derivative financial instruments related to that financing.

g)Investments in Shares:

Investments in shares of associated companies where the Company holds 10% or more of a public company, 25% or more of a non-public company, or exercises significant influence according to NIF C-7 (see Note 2 J), are initially recorded at their acquisition cost as of acquisition date and casesare subsequently accounted for by the equity method. In order to apply the equity method from associates, the Company uses the investee’s financial statements for the same period as the Company’s consolidated financial statements and converts them to Mexican FRS if the investee reports financial information in a different GAAP. Equity method income from associates is presented in the consolidated income statements as part of the income from continuing operations.

Goodwill identified at the investment’s acquisition date is presented as part of the investment of shares of an associate in the consolidated balance sheet.

On May 1, 2010, the Company started to account for its 20% interest in Heineken Group under the equity method (see Notes 5 B and 9). Heineken is an international company which prepares its information based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The Company has analyzed differences between Mexican FRS and IFRS to reconcile Heineken’s net controlling interest income and comprehensive income as required by NIF C-7, in order to estimate the impact on its figures.

Investments in affiliated companies in which the Company does not have significant influence are recorded at acquisition cost and restated using the consumer price index if that entity operates in an inflationary economic environment.

h)Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at their cost of acquisition and/or construction. The comprehensive financing result related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying asset is capitalized as part of the cost of that asset. Major maintenance costs are capitalized as part of total acquisition cost. Routine maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. Property, plant and equipment also may include costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located. In 2011 Returnable bottles are also part of property, plant and equipment and 2010 has been also aggregated to conform this presentation.

Investments in fixed assets in progress consist of property, plant and equipment not yet in service, in other words, that are not yet used for the purpose that they were bought, built or developed. The Company expects to complete those investments during the following 12 months.

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over acquisition cost, reduced by their residual values. Where an item of property, plant and equipment comprises major components having different useful lives, they are accounted and depreciated for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. The Company estimates depreciation rates, considering the estimated useful lives of the assets, which along with residual value is reviewed, and modified if appropriate, at each financial year-end.

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s principal assets are as follows:

Years

Buildings

40–50

Machinery

12–20

Distribution equipment

10–12

Refrigeration equipment

5–7

Returnable bottles

1.5–4

Information technology equipment

3–5

Returnable and Non-Returnable Bottles:

The Company has two types of bottles: returnable and non-returnable.

Non returnable: Are recorded in the results of operations at the time of product sale.

Returnable: Are classified as long-lived assets as a component of property, plant and equipment.

Returnable bottles are recorded at acquisition cost, and for countries with inflationary economy they are restated by applying inflation factors as of the balance sheet date, according to NIF B-10.

There are two types of returnable bottles and cases:bottles:

 

Those that are in the Company’s control within its facilities, plants and distribution centers; and

 

Those that have been placed in the hands of customers, but still belong to the Company.

BreakageDepreciation of returnable bottles and cases within plants and distribution centers is recorded as an expense as it is incurred. Forcomputed using the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, breakage expense amounted to Ps. 718, Ps. 766 and Ps. 737, respectively.straight-line method over acquisition cost. The Company estimates that breakage expense of returnable bottles and cases in plants and distribution centers is similar to the depreciation calculated on anrates considering their estimated useful life of approximately five years for returnable beer bottles, four years for returnable soft drinks glass bottles and plastic cases, and 18 months for returnable soft drink plastic bottles.lives.

Returnable bottles and cases that have been placed in the hands of customers are subject to an agreement with a retailer pursuant to which the Company retains ownership. These bottles and cases are monitored by sales personnel during periodic visits to retailers and the Company has the right to charge any breakage identified is charged to the retailer. Bottles and cases that are not subject to such agreements are expensed when placed in the hands of retailers.

g)Investments in Shares:

InvestmentsThe Company’s returnable bottles in sharesthe market and for which a deposit from customers has been received are presented net of associated companies wheresuch deposits, and the Company exercises significant influence are initially recorded at their acquisition cost and are subsequently accounted for usingdifference between the equity method. Investments in affiliated companies in which the Company does not have significant influence are recorded at acquisition cost. Investments in affiliated companies that have an observable market value are adjusted to it.

h)Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at their cost of acquisition and/or construction. these assets and the deposits received is depreciated according to their useful lives.

Leasing Contracts:

The integral result of financing generated by debt used to fund long-termCompany leases assets investment issuch as property, land, and transportation, machinery and computer equipments.

Leases are capitalized as partif: i) the contract transfers ownership of the total acquisition cost. Routine maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred.

Investments in progress integrates property, plant and equipment not yet in service, in other words, that are not yet used forleased asset to the purpose that they were bought or built, and do not exceed a 12-month period.

Depreciation is computed usinglessee at the straight-line method, reduced by their residual values. The Company estimates depreciation rates, considering the estimated remaining useful livesend of the assets.

In 2006,lease, ii) the Company implementedcontract contains an option to purchase the asset at a programbargain purchase price, iii) the lease period is substantially equal to review the estimatedremaining useful life of its refrigeration equipment. From 2006 and during 2007, the Company’s subsidiaries in Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica and Guatemala changed their accounting estimateleased asset or iv) the present value of useful life of refrigeration equipment from five to seven years, consideringfuture minimum payments at the maintenance and replacement plansinception of the equipment. The impact of this change, which was accounted for prospectively, was a reduction in depreciation expense of Ps. 115 and Ps. 132, forlease is substantially equal to the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The useful life of refrigeration equipment in Venezuela, Panama and Nicaragua remains at five years.

The estimated useful livesmarket value of the Company’s principal assetsleased asset, net of any residual value.

When the inherent risks and benefits of a leased asset remains substantially with the lessor, leases are classified as follows:operating and rent is charged to results of operations as incurred.

Years

Buildings and construction

40–50

Machinery and equipment

12–20

Distribution equipment

10–12

Refrigeration equipment

5–7

Information technology equipment

3–5

 

i)Other Assets:

Other assets represent payments whose benefits will be received in future years and mainly consist of the following:

 

Agreements with customers for the right to sell and promote the Company’s products during certain periods of time, which are considered monetary assets and amortized under two methods, in accordance with the terms of such agreements:

Actual volumestraight-line method which amortizes the proportion of the volume actually sold to the retailer over the volume target (approximately 97% of the agreements of FEMSA Cerveza are amortized on this basis); and

Straight-line method, which amortizes the asset over the life of the contract (the remaining 3% of the agreements of FEMSA Cerveza and 100% of the agreements of Coca-Cola FEMSA are amortized on this basis).contract.

In addition, for agreements amortized based on the actual volume method, the Company periodically compares the amortization calculated based on the actual volume method against the amortization that would have resulted under the straight-line method and records a provision to the extent that the recorded amortization is less than what would have resulted under the straight-line method.

The amortization is recorded reducing net sales, which during the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, amounted to Ps. 1,477,803, Ps. 1,360553 and Ps. 1,439,604, respectively.

 

Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method, over the shorter of the useful life of the assets or a term equivalent toand the lease period.period of the lease. The amortization of leasehold improvements as of December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009 were Ps. 668,590, Ps. 581518 and Ps. 512,471, respectively.

 

j)Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets represent payments whose benefits will be received in future years. These assets are classified as either intangible assets with a finite useful life or intangible assets with an indefinite useful life, in accordance with the period over which the Company is expected to receive the benefits.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized and mainly consist of:

 

Start-up expenses, which represent costs incurred prior to the opening of OXXO stores, including rent, permits and licenses. Such amounts are amortized on a straight-line basis in accordance with the terms of the lease contract.

Information technology and management systems costs incurred during the development stage which are currently in use. Such amounts were capitalized and then amortized using the straight-line method over four years.the useful life of those assets. Expenses that do not fulfill the requirements for capitalization are expensed as incurredincurred.

 

Other computer systems costscost in the development stage, not yet in use. Such amounts are capitalized as they are expected to add value such as income or cost savings in the future. Such amounts will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economicuseful life after they are placed in service.

Long-term alcohol licenses are amortized using the straight-line method, and are presented as part of intangible assets of finite useful life.

Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized and are subject to annual impairment tests.tests or more frequently if necessary. These assets are recorded in the functional currency of the subsidiary in which the investment was made and are subsequently translated into Mexican pesos applying the closing rate of each period. Beginning in 2008, countries withWhere inflationary economic environments,accounting is applied, the intangible assets are restated applying inflation factors of the country of origin and then translated into Mexican pesos at the year-end exchange rate. The Company’s intangible assets with indefinite lives mainly consist of:

Coca-Cola FEMSA’sof rights to produce and distribute Coca-Cola trademark products in the territories acquired. These rights are contained in agreements that are standard contracts that The Coca-Cola Company has with bottlers outside the United States of America for the sale of concentrate for certain Coca-Cola trademark beverages. Theits bottlers.

There are seven bottler agreements for MexicoCoca-Cola FEMSA’s territories in Mexico; two expire in June 2013, for two territoriesexpire in May 2015 and 2015 for two other territories, renewableadditionally three contracts that arose from the merger with Grupo Tampico and CIMSA, expire in each case for ten-year terms; for Guatemala, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama (other beverages), VenezuelaSeptember 2014, April and Colombia expire on July 31, 2009, pursuant to letters of extension. These bottler agreements are renewable as agreed between the parties. The bottler agreement for Coca-Cola trademark beverages for Panama has an indefinite term but may be terminated with six months prior written notice by either party.2016. The bottler agreement for Argentina expires in 2014. The bottler agreementSeptember 2014, for Brazil expiredexpires in December 2004. Coca-Cola Femsa is operating under the termsApril 2014, in Colombia in June 2014, in Venezuela in August 2016, in Guatemala in March 2015, in Costa Rica in September 2017, in Nicaragua in May 2016 and in Panama in November 2014. All of the existing BrazilianCompany’s bottler agreementagreements are automatically renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of each party to decide not to renew any of these agreements. In addition, these agreements generally may be terminated in the territory acquired through the acquisitioncase of REMIL. For the expired agreements and the agreements expiring this year,material breach. Termination would prevent Coca-Cola FEMSA is currentlyfrom selling Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the process of negotiating renewals of their agreementsaffected territory and would have an adverse effect on similar termsits business, financial conditions, results from operations and conditions asprospects.

Goodwill represents the rest of the countries. Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company will continue operating under the terms of the existing agreements;

Trademarks and distribution rights, recognized as a resultexcess of the acquisition of the 30% of FEMSA Cerveza and payments made by FEMSA Cerveza in the acquisitions of the previously granted franchises; and

Trademarks recognized as a result of the acquisition of Kaiser.

Goodwill represents the difference between the price paid andcost over the fair value of the shares and/orin identifiable net assets on the acquisition date. It equates to synergies both existing in the acquired not directly associated with an intangible asset.operations and those further expected to be realized upon integration. Goodwill is recorded in the functional currency of the subsidiary in which the investment was maderecognized separately and then goodwill is translated to pesos using the year-end exchange rate. In countries with inflationary economic environments, goodwill is restated by applying inflation factors of the country of origin and translated to Mexican pesos using the year-end exchange rate. As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded goodwill resulted from the Kaiser acquisition.carried at cost, less accumulated impairment losses.

 

k)Impairment of Investments in Shares, Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill:

The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets and goodwill for impairment and determines whether impairment exists, by comparing the book value of the assets with its fair value which is calculated using recognized methodologies. In case of impairment, the Company records the resulting fair value.

For long-lived assets depreciable and amortizable long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and certain other definite long–lived assets, the Company performs tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable through their expected future cash flows.

For indefinite life intangible assets, such as distribution rights and trademarks, the Company tests for impairment on an annual basis and whenever certain circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of those intangible assets exceedexceeds its implied fair value calculated using recognized methodologies consistent with them.

For goodwill, the Company tests for impairment on an annual basis and whenever certain circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the reporting unit might exceed its implied fair value.

For investments in shares, including its goodwill, the Company performs impairment tests whenever certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may exceed fair value. When the events or circumstances are considered by the Company as an evidence of impairment that is other than temporary, a loss in value is recognized. Impairment charges regarding long-lived assets and goodwill are recognized in other expenses.expenses and charges regarding investments in shares are recognized as a decrease in the equity income method of the period.

Impairments regarding amortizable and indefinite life intangible assets are presented in Note 11. No impairment was recognized regarding to depreciable long-lived assets, goodwill nor investments in shares.

 

l)Payments from The Coca-Cola Company:

The Coca-Cola Company participates in certain advertising and promotional programs as well as in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles investment program. The contributions received for advertising and promotional incentives are

included as a reduction of selling expenses. The contributions received for the refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles investment program are recorded as a reduction of the investment in refrigeration equipment.equipment and returnable bottles. Total contributions received were Ps. 1,995,2,561, Ps. 1,5822,386 and Ps. 1,2611,945 during the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

 

m)Labor Liabilities:Employee Benefits:

Labor liabilitiesEmployee benefits include obligations for pension and retirement plans, seniority premiums, postretirement medical services and severance indemnity liabilities other than restructuring, all based on actuarial calculations, using the projected unit credit method. Costs related to compensated absences, such as vacations and vacation premiums, are recognized on an accrual basis.

Labor liabilitiesEmployee benefits are considered to be non-monetary and are determined using long-term assumptions. The yearly cost of labor liabilitiesemployee benefits is charged to income from operations and labor cost of past services is recorded as expenses over the remaining working life period during which the employees will receive the benefits of the plan.employees.

Certain subsidiaries of the Company have established funds for the payment of pension benefits, seniority premiums and postretirement medical services through irrevocable trusts of which the employees are named as beneficiaries.

Through 2007, Bulletin D-3, “Labor Liabilities,” required

n)Contingencies:

The Company recognizes a liability for a loss when it is probable that certain effects related to past events, would materialize and could be reasonably estimated. These events and its financial impact are disclosed as loss contingencies in the presentation of labor liabilitiesconsolidated financial expenses as part of income from operations. Beginning in 2008, NIF D-3, “Employee’s Benefits,” allows the presentation of financial expenses from labor liabilities as part of the integral result of financing. This change has resulted in various reclassificationsstatements and include penalties, interests and any other charge related to the Company’s 2007 and 2006 consolidated statement of income so as to conform to 2008’s presentation. As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, financial expenses regarding labor liabilities presented as part of the integral result of financing were Ps. 257, Ps. 167 and Ps. 170, respectively.contingencies. The Company does not recognize an asset for a gain contingency unless it is certain that will be collected.

 

n)o)Commitments:

The Company discloses all its commitments regarding material long-lived assets acquisitions, and all contractual obligations (see Note 24 F).

p)Revenue Recognition:

Revenue is recognized in accordance with stated shipping terms, as follows:

 

For domesticCoca-Cola FEMSA sales of products are recognized as revenue upon delivery to the customer and once the customer has taken ownership of the goods (FOB destination). Domestic revenues are defined as the sales generated by the Company for sales realized in the country where the subsidiaries operate. Domestic revenues represented 96% as of the end of December 31, 2008 and 97% for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006;

For export sales, upon shipment of goods to customers (FOB shipping point), and transfer of ownership and risk of loss; and

For retail sales, net revenues are recognized when the product is delivered to customers, and customers take possession of products.

goods. Net sales reflect units delivered at list prices reduced by promotional allowances, discounts and the amortization of the agreements with customers to obtain the rights to sell and promote the products of the Company.Coca-Cola FEMSA; and

 

For FEMSA Comercio retail sales, net revenues are recognized when the product is delivered to customers, and customers take possession of products.

During 2007 and 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA sold certain of its private label brands to The Coca-Cola Company. Proceeds received from The Coca-Cola Company were initially deferred and are being amortized against the related costs of future product sales over the estimated period of such sales. The balance of unearned revenues as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 amounted to Ps. 302 and Ps. 547, respectively. The short-term portions of such amounts which are presented as other current liabilities, amounted Ps. 197 and Ps. 276 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

o)q)Operating Expenses:

Operating expenses are comprised of administrative and selling expenses. Administrative expenses include labor costs (salaries and other benefits) of employees not directly involved in the sale of the Company’s products, as well as professional service fees, depreciation of office facilities and amortization of capitalized information technology system implementation costs.

Selling expenses include:

 

Distribution: labor costs (salaries and other benefits),; outbound freight costs, warehousing costs of finished products, breakage of returnable bottles in the distribution process, depreciation and maintenance of trucks and other distribution facilities and equipment. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, these distribution costs amounted to Ps. 12,135,15,125, Ps. 10,60112,774 and Ps. 9,921,13,395, respectively;

 

Sales: labor costs (salaries and other benefits) and sales commissions paid to sales personnel; and

 

Marketing: labor costs (salaries and other benefits), promotional expenses and advertising costs.

 

p)r)Other Expenses:

Other expenses include Employee Profit Sharing (“PTU”), participation in affiliated companies, gains or losses on salesdisposals of fixedlong-lived assets, impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies reserves as well as their subsequent interestsinterest and penalties, severance payments derived from restructuring programs and all other non-recurring expenses related to activities different from the main activities of the Company and that are not recognized as part of the integral result of financing.comprehensive financing result.

PTU is applicable to Mexico and Venezuela. In Mexico, employee profit sharing is computed at the rate of 10% of the individual companiescompany taxable income, except for considering cumulative dividends received from resident legal persons in Mexico, depreciation of historical rather than restated values, foreign exchange gains and losses, which are not included until the asset is disposed of or the liability is due and other effects of inflation are also excluded. In Venezuela, employee profit sharing is computed at a rate equivalent to 15% of after tax earnings,income, and it is no more than four months of salary.

Through to 2007, deferred PTU was recorded when non-recurring temporary differences between the accounting income for the year and the bases used for Mexican employee profit sharing resulted. The Company did not record a provision for deferred employee profit sharing based on this methodology.

Beginning in 2008, and accordingAccording to the assets and liabilities method described in NIF D-3,D-4 Income Taxes, the Company does not expect relevant deferred items to be materialized regarding the deferred PTU calculation.materialize. As a result, the Company has not recognized deferred employee profit sharing.sharing as of either December 31, 2011, 2010 or 2009.

Severance indemnities resulting from a restructuring programsprogram and associated with an ongoing benefit arrangement are charged to other expenses on the date when the Company has made the decision to dismiss personnel under a formal program or for specific causes is taken. These severance payments are included in other expenses (see Note 18).causes.

 

q)s)Income Taxes:

Income tax is charged to results as incurred, as well asare deferred income taxes. For purposes of recognizing the effects of deferred income taxes in the consolidated financial statements, the Company utilizes both prospectiveretrospective and retrospectiveprospective analysis over the medium term when more than one tax regime exists per jurisdiction and recognizes the amount based on the tax regime it expects to be subject to, in the future. Deferred income taxes assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences resulting from comparing the book and tax values of assets and liabilities plus any future benefits from tax loss carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by any benefits for which thereit is uncertainty as to their realizability.more likely than not that they are not realizable.

The balance of deferred taxes is comprised of monetary and non-monetary items, based on the temporary differences from which it is derived. Deferred taxes are classified as a long-term asset or liability, regardless of when the temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The Company determines deferred taxes for temporary differences of its permanent investments.

The deferred tax provision to be included in the income statement is determined by comparing the deferred tax balance at the end of the year to the balance at the beginning of the year, excluding from both balances any temporary differences that are recorded directly in stockholders’ equity. The deferred taxes related to such temporary differences are recorded in the same stockholders’ equity account that gave rise to them.

FEMSA has authorization from theSecretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (Ministry of Tax
t)Comprehensive Financing Result:

Comprehensive financing result includes interest, foreign exchange gain and Public Credit) in Mexico to prepare its Mexican income tax and tax on assets returns (up through 2007) on a consolidated basis, which includes the proportional taxable incomelosses, market value gain or loss on ineffective portion of its Mexican subsidiaries. The provisionsderivative financial instruments and gain or loss on monetary position, except for income taxesthose amounts capitalized and those that are recognized as part of the foreign countries have been determined on the basiscumulative comprehensive income (loss). The components of the taxable income of each individual company.

r)Integral Result of Financing:

The integral result of financing includes:Comprehensive Financing Result are described as follows:

 

Interest: Interest income and expenses are recorded when earned or incurred, respectively, except for interest expenses capitalized on the financing of long-term assets;

 

Foreign Exchange Gains and Losses: Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in local currencies using the exchange rate applicable on the date they occur. Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are adjusted to the year-end exchange rate, recording the resulting foreign exchange gain or loss directly in the income statement, except for the foreign exchange gain or loss from the intercompany financing foreign currency denominated balances that are considered to be of a long-term investment nature and the foreign exchange gain or loss from the financing of long-term assets (see Note 3);

 

Gain or Loss on Monetary Position: The gain or loss on monetary position results from the changes in the general price level of monetary accounts of those subsidiaries that operate in inflationary environments (see Note 4 A), which is determined by applying inflation factors of the country of origin to the net monetary position at the beginning of each month and excluding the intercompany financing in foreign currency that is considered as long-term investment because of its nature (see Note 3), as well as the gain or loss on monetary position from long-term liabilities to finance long-term assets, and

Market Value Gain or Loss on Ineffective Portion of Derivative Financial Instruments: Represents the net change in the fair value of the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments, the net change in the fair value of those derivative financial instruments that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes; and the net change in the fair value of embedded derivative financial instruments; andinstruments.

Gain or Loss on Monetary Position: The gain or loss on monetary position results from the changes in the general level prices of monetary accounts of those subsidiaries that operate in inflationary environments, which is determined by

applying inflation factors of the country of origin to the net monetary position at the beginning of each month and excluding the intercompany financing in foreign currency that is considered as long-term investment because of its nature (see Note 3), as well as the gain or loss on monetary position from long-term liabilities to finance long-term assets.

 

s)u)Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company is exposed to different risks related to cash flows, liquidity, market and credit. As a result the Company contracts in different derivative financial instruments in order to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the Mexican peso and other currencies, the risk of exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations associated with its borrowings denominated in foreign currencies and the exposure to the risk of fluctuation in the costs of certain raw materials.

The Company values and records all derivative financial instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative financial instruments embedded in other contracts, in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at fair value, considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded in a formal market, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models supported by sufficient, reliable and verifiable market data, recognized in the financial sector. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recorded each year in current earnings or as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income (loss), based on the type of hedging instrumentitem being hedged and the ineffectiveness of the hedge.

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, the balance in other current assets of derivative financial instruments was Ps. 1,591511 and Ps. 26624 (see Note 8), and in other assets Ps. 212850 and Ps. 42708 (see Note 12), respectively. The Company recognized liabilities regarding derivative financial instruments in other current liabilities of Ps. 3,08969 and Ps. 317,41 (see Note 24 A), as of the end of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, respectively, and other liabilities of Ps. 1,377565 and Ps. 304653 (see Note 24 B) for the same periods.

The Company designates its financial instruments as cash flowflows hedges at the inception of the hedging relationship when transactions meet all hedging accounting requirements. For cash flowflows hedges, the effective portion is recognized temporarily in cumulative other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity and subsequently reclassified to current earnings at the same time the hedged item is recorded in earnings. When derivative financial instruments do not meet all of the accounting requirements for hedging purposes, the change in fair value is immediately recognized in net income. For fair value hedges, the changes in the fair value are recorded in the consolidated results in the period the change occurs as part of the market value gain or loss on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.

The Company identifies embedded derivatives that should be segregated from the host contract for purposes of valuation and recognition. When an embedded derivative is identified and the host contract has not been stated at fair value, and there are adequate elements for its valuation, the embedded derivative is segregated from the host contract, stated at fair value and is either classified as trading or as a hedge.trading. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives at the closing of each period are recognized in the consolidated results.

t)v)Cumulative Other Comprehensive Loss:Income (OCI):

The cumulative balances of the components of majority other comprehensive income represents the period net income as described in NIF B-3 “Income Statement,” plus the cumulative translation adjustment resulted from translation of foreign subsidiaries and associates to Mexican pesos and the effect of unrealized gain/loss net of deferred income taxes, areon cash flows hedges from derivative financial instruments.

   2011   2010 

Unrealized gain on cash flows hedges

  Ps. 367    Ps. 140  

Cumulative translation adjustment

   5,463     6  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
  Ps. 5,830    Ps. 146  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The changes in the cumulative translation adjustment (“CTA”) were as follows:

 

   2008  2007 

Cumulative result of holding non-monetary assets (see Note 2 b)

  Ps.—     Ps. (6,070

Unrealized (loss) on cash flow hedges

   (1,889 (240

Cumulative translation adjustment

   (826 (1,337

Additional labor liability over unrecognized net transition obligation (see Note 2 d)

   —     (354
        
  Ps. (2,715 Ps. (8,001
        
   2011   2010  2009 

Initial balance

  Ps. 6    Ps. 2,894   Ps. (826)  

Recycling of CTA from FEMSA Cerveza business (see Note 5 B)

   —       (1,418  —    

Gain (loss) translation effect

   5,436     (3,031  2,183  

Foreign exchange effect from intercompany long-term loans

   21     1,561    1,537  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps. 5,463    Ps. 6   Ps.2,894  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

The effects ofchanges in the deferred income tax from the cumulative translation adjustment for 2008 and 2007 recorded as part of stockholders majority interest, were gainsamounted to a provision of Ps. 5112,779 and a credit of Ps. 359, net of deferred income taxes liabilities which amounted to Ps. 1,709352 for the years ended December 2011 and Ps. 85,2010, respectively (see Note 23 d)C).

 

u)w)Provisions:

Provisions are recognized for obligations that result from a past event that will probableprobably result in the use of economic resources and that can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions are recorded at net present values when the effect of the discount is significant. The Company has recognized provisions regarding contingencies and vacations in the consolidated financial statements.

 

v)x)Issuances of Subsidiary Stock:

The Company recognizes issuances of a subsidiary’s stock as a capital transaction. The difference between the book value of the shares issued and the amount contributed by the minoritynon-controlling interest holder or a third party is recorded as additional paid-in capital.

y)Earnings per Share:

Earnings per share are determined by dividing net controlling interest income by the average weighted number of shares outstanding during the period.

Earnings per share before discontinued operations are calculated by dividing consolidated net income before discontinued operations by the average weighted number of shares outstanding during the period.

Earnings per share from discontinued operations are calculated by dividing net income from discontinued operations plus income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net of taxes, by the average weighted number of shares outstanding during the period.

z)Information by Segment:

The analytical information by segment is presented considering the business units (Subholding Companies as defined in Note 1) and geographic areas in which the Company operates, which is consistent with the internal reporting presented to the Chief Operating Decision Maker, which is considered to be the main authority of the entity. A segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it earns or is in the process of obtaining revenues, and incurs in the

related costs and expenses, including revenues and costs and expenses that relate to transactions with any of Company’s other components. All segments’ operating results are reviewed regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and to assess its performance, and for which financial information is available.

The main indicators used by the Chief Operating Decision Maker to evaluate performance of the Company in each segment are its income from operations and cash flow from operations before changes in working capital and provisions, which the Company defined as the result of subtracting cost of sales and operating expenses from total revenues and income from operations plus depreciation and amortization, respectively. Inter-segment transfers or transactions are entered and presented into under accounting policies of each segment which are the same to those applied by the Company. Intercompany operations are eliminated and presented within the consolidation adjustment column included in the table in Note 25. Unallocated results items comprise other expenses, net and other net finance expenses (see Note 25).

aa)Business Combinations:

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting which includes an allocation of the estimated fair value of the purchase price to the net assets acquired. Once the purchase price has been allocated, the Company measures its goodwill, as the fair value of the consideration transferred including any contingent consideration less the net recognized amount of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

The valuation of the identifiable assets, in particular intangible assets related distribution rights, requires the Company to make significant assumptions, and also require judgments and estimates. A change in any of these estimates or judgments could change the amount of the purchase price to be allocated to the particular asset or liability and goodwill could be affected by these changes.

Cost related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, that the Company incurs in connection with the business combination are expensed as incurred as part of the administrative expenses.

Note 5. Acquisitions.Acquisitions and Disposals

a)Acquisitions:

Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza made certain business acquisitions that were recorded using the purchase method. The results of the acquired operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since the dateCoca-Cola FEMSA obtained control of acquisition.acquired businesses as disclosed below. Therefore, the consolidated income statements and the consolidated balance sheets in the years of such acquisitions are not comparable with previous periods. The statement of changes in financial position as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, presents the effects of the acquisitions and incorporation of such operations by Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza, as a single line item within investing activities. The consolidated cash flows as offor the years ended December 31, 2008, shows2011 and 2009 show the acquired operations net of the cash related to those acquisitions.

a)FEMSA:

On November 3, 2006, FEMSA indirectly acquired from The Coca-Cola In 2010 the Company 148,000,000 series “D” shares, which represent 8.02% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA for an aggregate amount of Ps. 4,801 paid in cash. This acquisition increased FEMSA’s ownership stake in Coca-Cola FEMSA from 45.7% to 53.7% and its voting control from 53.6% to 63.0%. In accordance with Mexican FRS, as this transaction occurred between shareholders and did not impact the net assets of the Company, the payment in excess of the book value of the shares acquired of Ps. 1,609 was recorded in stockholders’ equity as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.have any significant business combinations.

b)Coca-Cola FEMSA:

 

 i)On July 17, 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA acquired Agua De Los Ángeles, which sales and distributes water within Mexico Valley, for Ps. 206, net of cash received. This acqusition was made so as to strengthen the Company position in the local water business in Mexico. Based on the purchase price allocation, Coca-Cola FEMSA has identified intangible assets of indefinite life of Ps. 18 consisting of distribution rights and intangible assets of definite life of Ps. 15 consisting of a non-compete right, amortizable in the following five years.

ii)On May 31, 2008,October 10, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed in Brazil the franchise acquisition of Minas Gerais Ltda., “REMIL,” for Ps. 3,633 net of cash received, assuming liabilities for Ps. 1,966, which includes an account payable to The Coca-Cola Company for Ps. 574, acquiring 100% of Administradora de Acciones del Noreste, S.A. de C.V. (“Grupo Tampico”) a bottler of Coca-Cola trademark products in the voting shares. Coca-Cola FEMSA has identified intangible assetsstates of indefinite lifeTamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz; as well as in parts of Ps. 2,242 consistingthe states of distribution rights based on the purchase price allocation.Hidalgo, Puebla and Queretaro. This acquisition was made so as to strengthenreinforce the CompanyCoca-Cola FEMSA’s leadership position in Mexico and Latin America. The transaction involved:(i) the local soda businessissuance of 63,500,000 shares of previously unissued Coca-Cola FEMSA L shares, and (ii) the assumption of certain debt of Ps. 2,436, in Brazil.exchange for 100% share ownership of Grupo Tampico, which was accomplished through a merger. The total purchase price was Ps. 10,264 based on a share price of 123.27 per share on October 10, 2011. Transaction related costs of Ps. 20 were expensed by the Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred as required by Mexican FRS, and recorded as a component of administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Grupo Tampico was included in operating results from October, 2011.

Acquisition balanceThe Coca-Cola FEMSA’s estimate of REMIL with figuresfair value of the Grupo Tampico’s net assets acquired is as of May 31, 2008:follows:

 

Total current assets, including cash acquired of Ps. 22

  Ps.881 461

Total long-termnon-current assets

   1,9022,529

DistributionsDistribution rights

   2,2425,499

Goodwill

2,579

Total currentassets

11,068

Debt

(2,436

Other liabilities

   1,152(804

Total long-term liabilities

  

814

Total liabilities

   1,966(3,240
  

 

Net assets acquired

  Ps.7,828 3,059
  

Consideration transfered through issuance of shares

Ps.7,828

Debt paid by Coca-Cola FEMSA

2,436

Total purchase price

10,264

 

The condensed income statement of REMILGrupo Tampico for the seven-month period from June 1October 10 to December 31, 20082011 is as follows:

 

Income Statement

  

Total revenues

  Ps. 3,169Ps.  1,056  

Income from operations

   334117  

Income before taxes

   (1043
  

 

Net income

  Ps.       31

ii)On December 9, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the acquisition of 100% of Corporación de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. (“Grupo CIMSA”), a bottler of Coca-Cola trademark products, which operates mainly in the states of Morelos and Mexico, as well as in parts of the states of Guerrero and Michoacan, Mexico. This acquisition was also made so as to reinforce the Coca-Cola FEMSA’s leadership position in Mexico and Latin America. The transaction involved the issuance of 75,423,728 shares of previously unissued Coca-Cola FEMSA L shares along with the cash payment prior to closing of Ps. 2,100 in exchange for 100% share ownership of Grupo CIMSA, which was accomplished through a merger. The total purchase price was Ps. 11,117 based on a share price of Ps. 119.55 per share on December 9, 2011. Transaction related costs of Ps. 24 were expensed by the Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred as required by Mexican FRS, and recorded as a component of administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Grupo CIMSA was included in operating results from December 2011.

Coca-Cola FEMSA, preliminary estimate of fair value of the Grupo CIMSA’s net assets acquired is as follows:

Total current assets, including cash acquired of Ps. 188

Ps. (45737

Total non-current assets

2,802

Distribution rights

6,228

Goodwill

1,936

Total assets

11,703

Total liabilities

(586
  

 

Net assets acquired

11,117

Consideration transfered through issuance of shares

Ps. 9,017

Cash paid by Coca-Cola FEMSA

2,100

Total purchase price

11,117

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s purchase price allocation is preliminary in nature in that its estimation of the fair value of property and equipment and distribution rights is pending receipt of final valuation reports by a third-party valuation experts. To date, only draft reports have been received.

The condensed income statement of Grupo CIMSA for the period from December 12, to December 31, 2011 is as follows:

Total revenues

Ps.   429

Income from operations

60

Income before taxes

32

Net income

Ps.     23

 

iii)On February 27, 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA, along with The Coca-Cola Company, completed the acquisition of certain assets of the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia. This acquisition was made so as to strengthen Coca-Cola FEMSA’s position in the local water business in Colombia. The Brisa bottled water business was previously owned by a subsidiary of SABMiller. Terms of the transaction called for an initial purchase price of $92, of which $46 was paid by Coca-Cola FEMSA and $46 by The Coca-Cola Company. The Brisa brand and certain other intangible assets were acquired by The Coca-Cola Company, while production related property and equipment and inventory was acquired by Coca-Cola FEMSA. Coca-Cola FEMSA also acquired the distribution rights over Brisa products in its Colombian territory. In addition to the initial purchase price, contingent purchase consideration also existed related to the net revenues of the Brisa bottled water business subsequent to the acquisition. The total purchase price incurred by Coca-Cola FEMSA was Ps. 730, consisting of Ps. 717 in cash payments, and accrued liabilities of Ps. 13. Transaction related costs were expensed by Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred, as required by Mexican FRS. Following a transition period, Brisa was included in Coca-Cola FEMSA’s operating results beginning June 1, 2009.

Unaudited pro forma financial dataThe estimated fair value of Brisa’s net assets acquired by Coca-Cola FEMSA is as follows:

Production related property and equipment, at fair value

Ps.   95

Distribution rights, at fair value, with an indefinite life

635

Net assets acquired / purchase price

Ps. 730

Brisa’s results operation for the period from the acquisition through December 31, 2009 were not material to our consolidated results of operations.

iv)Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data.

The following unaudited consolidated pro forma financial data forrepresent the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are based on the CompanyCompany’s historical financial statements, adjusted to give effect to (i) the acquisitionacquisitions of REMILGrupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA mentioned in the preceding paragraphs; and (ii) certain accounting adjustments mainly related to the pro forma depreciation of fixed assets of the acquired companies.

The unaudited pro forma adjustments assume that the acquisitions were made at the beginning of the year of acquisition and the immediately preceding the year of acquisition, and are based upon available information and other assumptions that management considers reasonable. The pro forma financial information data does not purport to represent what the effect on the Company’s consolidated operations would have been for each year, had the transactions in fact occurred at the beginning of each year,on January 1, 2010, nor are they intended to predict the Company’s future results of operations.

 

   FEMSA unaudited
pro forma consolidated results
for the years ended December 31,
   2008  2007

Total revenues

  Ps. 169,966  Ps. 152,195

Income before taxes

  14,008  17,423

Net income

  9,662  12,290

iii)January 21, 2008, a reorganization of the Columbian operations occurred by way of a spin-off of the previous minority shareholders. The total amount paid to the minority shareholders was Ps. 216.

iv)On November 8, 2007, Administración S.A.P.I. de C.V. (“Administración SAPI”), a joint operation owned 50% by Coca-Cola FEMSA and 50% by The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 58,350,908 shares representing 100% of Jugos del Valle, S.A.B. de C.V. (“Jugos del Valle”) outstanding stock, for Ps. 4,020 paid in cash and assumed liabilities of Ps. 934. As of December 31, 2007, Coca-Cola FEMSA reported Ps. 684 in investment in shares available for sale.

Subsequent to the initial acquisition of Jugos del Valle by Administración SAPI, Coca-Cola FEMSA offered to sell 30% of its interest in Administración SAPI to Coca-Cola bottlers in Mexico. During 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA recorded investment in shares of 20% of the capital stock of Administración SAPI. This represents the Coca-Cola FEMSA investments in shares after the sale of the 30% of interest in Administración SAPI to other Coca-Cola bottlers. After this, Administration SAPI merged with Jugos del Valle, subsisting Jugos del Valle. As of December 31, 2008, the transaction was completed and Coca-Cola FEMSA does not have shares available for sale which were paid by the Coca-Cola bottlers.

   FEMSA unaudited pro forma
consolidated results for the  years

ended December 31,
 
   2011   2010 

Total revenues

  Ps. 212,264    Ps. 177,857  

Income before income taxes

   29,296     24,268  

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

   21,319     18,389  

Net controlling interest income before discontinued operations per share Series “B”

   0.77     0.66  

Net controlling interest income before discontinued operations per share Series “D”

   0.96     0.82  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

c)b)FEMSA Cerveza:Disposals:

 

 i)In June 2006,On April 30, 2010 FEMSA exchanged 100% of FEMSA Cerveza, acquired athe beer distribution operation from a third-party distributorbusiness unit, for an aggregate amount of Ps. 900. As a result20% economic interest in Heineken. Under the terms of the acquisition,agreement, FEMSA Cerveza identifiedexchanged its beer business and recorded intangible assets with indefinite lives consistingreceived 43,018,320 shares of beer distributionHeineken Holding N.V., and 72,182,203 shares of Heineken N.V., of which 29,172,504 will be delivered pursuant to an allotted share delivery instrument (“ASDI”). Those shares are considered in substance common stock due to its similarity to common stock, such as rights valued at Ps. 834 based onto receive the purchase price allocation. No goodwillsame dividends as any other share. Under the ASDI, it was recognizedexpected that the allotted shares would be acquired by Heineken in the secondary market for delivery to FEMSA over a term not to exceed five years. As of December 31, 2011, the process of delivery of all shares has been completed (and 10,240,553 shares had been delivered to the Company as of result of the acquisition.December 31, 2010) (see Note 9).

In 2008,

The total transaction was valued approximately at $7,347, including assumed debt of $2,100, based on shares closing prices of € 35.18 for Heineken N.V., and € 30.82 for Heineken Holding N.V. on April 30, 2010. The Company recorded a net gain after taxes that amounted to Ps. 26,623 which is the difference between the fair value of the consideration received and the book value of FEMSA Cerveza paidas of April 30, 2010; a deferred income tax of Ps. 5410,379 (see “Income from the exchange of shares with Heineken, net of taxes” in the consolidated income statements and Note 23 C), and recycling Ps. 525 (see consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity) from other comprehensive income which are integrated of Ps.1,418 accounted as a gain of cumulative translation adjustment and Ps. 893 as a mark to acquire other third-party distributor operations. Basedmarket loss on preliminary figuresderivatives in cumulative comprehensive loss. Additionally, the Company maintained a loss contingency of acquisition balances, FEMSA Cerveza recognized Ps. 45 for beer distribution rights recorded560 as an intangible asset with indefinite life. As of December 31, 2008, no goodwill2010, regarding the indemnification accorded with Heineken over FEMSA Cerveza prior tax contingencies. This contingency amounted to Ps. 445 as of December 31, 2011 and Ps. 113 has been recognizedreclassified to other current liabilities (see Note 24 B).

As of the date of the exchange, the Company lost control over FEMSA Cerveza and stopped consolidating its financial information and accounted for the 20% economic interest of Heineken acquired by the purchase method as established in NIF C-7 “Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments.” Subsequently, this investment in shares has been accounted for by the equity method, because of the Company’s significant influence.

After purchase price adjustments, the Company identified intangible assets of indefinite and finite life brands and goodwill that amounted to € 15,274 million and € 1,200 million respectively and increased certain operating assets and liabilities to fair value, which are presented as part of the investment in shares of Heineken within the consolidated financial statement.

The fair values of the proportional assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of this transaction are as follows:

In millions of euros

  Heineken Figures
at Fair Value
   Fair Value of Proportional
Net Assets Acquired by
FEMSA (20%)
 

ASSETS

    

Property, plant and equipment

   8,506     1,701  

Intangible assets

   15,274     3,055  

Other assets

   4,025     805  

Total non-current assets

   27,805     5,561  

Inventories

   1,579     316  

Trade and other receivable

   3,240     648  

Other assets

   1,000     200  

Total current assets

   5,819     1,164  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   33,624     6,725  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

    

Loans and borrowings

   9,551     1,910  

Employee benefits

   1,335     267  

Deferred tax liabilities

   2,437     487  

Other non-current liabilities

   736     147  

Total non-current liabilities

   14,059     2,811  

Trade and other payables

   5,019     1,004  

Other current liabilities

   1,221     244  

Total current liabilities

   6,240     1,248  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   20,299     4,059  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net assets acquired

   13,325     2,666  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill identified in the acquisition

     1,200  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total purchase price

     3,866  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Summarized consolidated balance sheet and income statements of FEMSA Cerveza are presented as follows as of:

Consolidated Balance Sheet

April 30,
2010

Current assets

Ps.13,770

Property, plant and equipment

26,356

Intangible assets and goodwill

18,828

Other assets

11,457

Total assets

70,411

Current liabilities

14,039

Long term liabilities

27,586

Total liabilities

41,625

Total stockholders’ equity:

Controlling interest

27,417

Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries

1,369

Total stockholders’ equity

28,786

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Ps.70,411

Consolidated Income Statements

  April 30,
2010
   December 31,
2009
 

Total revenues

  Ps. 14,490    Ps. 46,329  

Income from operations

   1,342     5,887  

Income before income tax

   749     2,231  

Income tax

   43     (1,052
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

   706     3,283  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest

   48     787  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the controlling interest

  Ps.658    Ps.2,496  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As a result of this acquisition.the transaction described above, FEMSA Cerveza operations for the period ended on April 30, 2010, and December 31, 2009 are presented in a single line as discontinued operations, net of taxes in the consolidated income statement. Prior years consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes were reformulated in order to present FEMSA Cerveza as discontinued operations for comparable purposes.

Consolidated statement of cash flows of December 31, 2010 and 2009 presents FEMSA Cerveza as discontinued operations. Intercompany transactions between the Company and FEMSA Cerveza for 2009 were reclassified in order to conform to consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2010.

 

 ii)

On January 13, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza indirectly acquiredSeptember 23, 2010, the Company disposed of its subsidiary Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V. for which it received a controlling stake in Kaiserpayment of Ps.1,002 from Molson Coors Brewing Co. (“Molson Coors”) forThe Coca-Cola Company. The Company recognized a gain of Ps. 770 paid in cash,845 as a sale of shares within other expenses, which represented 68%is the difference between the fair value of the equityconsideration received and the carrying value of Kaiser. FEMSA Cerveza assumed Kaiser’s existing financial debt, which totaled approximately Ps. 679, and received certain indemnity provisions from Molson Coors for the potential payment of contingent liabilities and claims. Subsequent to the acquisition date, Kaiser paid Ps. 187 regarding such contingencies subject to the Molson Coors indemnifications and

net assets disposed.

 

FEMSA Cerveza recorded a corresponding receivable for the amounts owed to them. As ofiii)

On December 31, 20082010, the Company disposed of its subsidiary Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V for which it received a payment of Ps. 1,021. The Company recognized a gain of Ps. 665, as a sale of shares within other expenses, which is the difference between the fair value of the consideration received and 2007, FEMSA Cerveza’s receivable from Molson Coors was Ps. 255 and Ps. 228, which include the effectscarrying value of Brazilian inflation factors through 2007 (see Note 6).

the net assets disposed.

Subsequently, on December 18, 2006, FEMSA Cerveza indirectly acquired Molson Coors’ remaining 14.95% equity interest in Kaiser and paid Ps. 175 in cash. This purchase was accounted for as an equity transaction since it took place between Kaiser’s existing shareholders.

On December 22, 2006, FEMSA made an equity contribution of Ps. 2,237 to Kaiser. Heineken NV, the other Kaiser shareholder, did not participate in this equity contribution, and as a result its interest in Kaiser was diluted from 17.05% to 0.17%.

Additionally, on August 31, 2007, FEMSA Cerveza sold 5,308,799,804 common shares of Kaiser to Heineken NV, representing 16.88% of Kaiser’s outstanding shares for Ps. 399. FEMSA Cerveza recognized a gain on the sale of Ps. 55, which for purposes of Mexican FRS was recorded in stockholders’ equity since the transaction occurred between Kaiser’s existing shareholders.

As a result of the acquisition, FEMSA Cerveza identified and recorded intangible assets with indefinite useful lives consisting of trademarks valued at Ps. 758 and goodwill of Ps. 4,044, as determined based on the purchase price allocation.

As of December 31, 2008, FEMSA Cerveza’s equity interest in Kaiser represents 82.95% of its outstanding equity.

Note 6. Accounts Receivable.Receivable

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 

Trade

  Ps.8,162   Ps.6,841     Ps.       8,175    Ps.     5,739  

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   (805  (657   (343  (249

The Coca-Cola Company

   959    719     1,157    1,030  

Notes receivable

   647    546     339    402  

Jugos del Valle(1)

   368    589  

Molson Coors (see Note 5 c)

   255    228  

Insurance claims

   97    216  

Loans to employees

   86    63     146    111  

Travel advances to employees

   65    57     54    51  

Guarantee deposits

   60    45  

Other

   865    682     971    618  
         

 

  

 

 
  Ps.10,759   Ps.9,329     Ps.     10,499    Ps.     7,702  
         

 

  

 

 

(1)Includes funds provided for the working capital of Jugos del Valle.

The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:

 

   2008  2007  2006 

Opening balance

  Ps.657   Ps.586   Ps.519  

Provision for the year

   387    195    220  

Write-off of uncollectible accounts

   (237  (98  (131

Restatement of the initial balance

   (2  (26  (22
             

Ending balance

  Ps.805   Ps.657   Ps.586  
             

   2011  2010  2009 

Opening balance

   Ps.     249    Ps.     246    Ps.     206  

Provision for the year

   173    113    91  

Write-off of uncollectible accounts

   (86  (100  (76

Translation of foreign currency effect

   7    (10  25  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

   Ps.     343    Ps.     249    Ps.     246  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Note 7. Inventories.Inventories

 

   2008  2007 

Raw materials

  Ps.6,183   Ps.4,305  

Finished products

   5,506    4,585  

Spare parts

   786    720  

Work in process

   395    309  

Advances to suppliers

   300    234  

Advertising and promotional materials

   17    4  

Allowance for obsolescence

   (122  (120
         
  Ps.13,065   Ps. 10,037  
         

 

Note 8. Other Current Assets.

 

   
   2008  2007 

Derivative financial instruments

  Ps.1,591   Ps.266  

Restricted cash

   525    238  

Advertising and deferred promotional expenses

   309    385  

Prepaid leases

   196    155  

Agreements with customers

   136    52  

Advances to services suppliers

   73    64  

Prepaid insurance

   42    26  

Short-term licenses

   23    28  

Other

   237    66  
         
  Ps.3,132   Ps.1,280  
         
   2011   2010 

Finished products

   Ps.       8,339     Ps.       7,222  

Raw materials

   3,656     2,674  

Spare parts

   779     710  

Work in process

   82     60  

Goods in transit

   1,529     648  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Ps.     14,385     Ps.     11,314  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 8. Other Current Assets

   2011   2010 

Prepaid expenses

   Ps.     1,266     Ps.        638  

Long-lived assets available for sale

   26     125  

Agreements with customers

   194     85  

Derivative financial instruments

   511     24  

Short-term licenses

   28     24  

Other

   89     142  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Ps.     2,114     Ps.     1,038  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Prepaid expenses as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

   2011   2010 

Advances for inventories

   Ps.        497     Ps.     133  

Advertising and promotional expenses paid in advance

   211     207  

Advances to service suppliers

   259     154  

Prepaid leases

   85     84  

Prepaid insurance

   58     31  

Other

   156     29  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Ps.     1,266     Ps.     638  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The advertising and deferred promotional expenses recorded in the consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 20062009 amounted to Ps. 5,951,5,076 Ps. 5,4554,406 and Ps. 5,123,3,629, respectively.

Note 9. Investments in Shares.Shares

 

Company

  Ownership%  2008  2007

FEMSA Cerveza:

      

Río Blanco Trust (waste water treatment plant)(1)

  19.14%  Ps.69  Ps.72

Affiliated companies of Kaiser(2)

  Various   19   20

Affiliated companies of FEMSA Cerveza(1)

  Various   14   220

Other(2)

  Various   13   13

Coca-Cola FEMSA:

      

Jugos del Valle, S.A. de C.V.(1)

  20.00%   1,101   978

Holdfab Partiçipações, LTDA(1)

  32.47%   359   113

Industria Envasadora de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V. (“IEQSA”)(1)

  23.11%   112   115

Industria Mexicana de Reciclaje, S.A. de C.V.(1)

  35.00%   79   76

Beta San Miguel, S.A. de C.V. (“Beta San Miguel”)(2)

  2.54%   69   69

KSP Partiçipações, S.A.(1)

  38.74%   62   69

Compañía de Servicios de Bebidas Refrescantes S.A. de C.V. (“Salesko”)(1)

  26.00%   7   51

Other

  Various   8   5

Other investments

  Various   53   62
          
    Ps. 1,965  Ps. 1,863
          

Company

  % Ownership  2011   2010 

Heineken Group(1) (2)

   20.00%(3)  Ps.  75,075    Ps.     66,478  

Coca-Cola FEMSA:

     

Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I., S.A. de C,V.(2)

   50.00%    703     —    

SABB Sistema de Alimentos e Bebidas Do Brasil, LTDA(2) (4)

   19.73%    931     814  

Jugos del Valle, S.A.P.I. de C.V.(1) (2)

   23.99%    819     603  

Holdfab2 Participacoes Societarias, (“Holdfab2”), LTDA(2)

   27.69%    262     300  

Industria Envasadora de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V. (“IEQSA”)(1) (2)

   19.20%    100     67  

Industria Mexicana de Reciclaje, S.A. de C.V.(2)

   35.00%    70     69  

Estancia Hidromineral Itabirito, LTDA(2)

   50.00%    142     87  

Beta San Miguel, S.A. de C.V. (“Beta San Miguel”)(5)

   2.54%    69     69  

KSP Partiçipações, LTDA(2)

   38.74%    102     93  

Promotora Industrial Azucarera, S.A. de C.V. (“PIASA”) (2

   13.20%    281     —    

Dispensadoras de Café, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (2)

   50.00%    161     —    

Other

   Various    16     6  

Other investments(6)

   Various    241     207  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Ps.  78,972    Ps.     68,793  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Accounting method:

(1)Equity method.The Company has significant influence due to the fact of its representation in the Board of Directors in those companies.
(2)Restated acquisition cost (thereEquity method. The date of the financial statements of the investees used to account for the equity method is no readily determinable fair market value)the same as the one used in the Company consolidated financial statements.
(3)As of December 31, 2011 , comprised of 12.53% of Heineken, N.V. and 14.94% of Heineken Holding, N.V., which represents an economic interest of 20% in Heineken (see Note 5 B).
(4)During June 2011, a reorganization of the Coca-Cola FEMSA Brazilian investments occurred by way of a merger of the companies Sucos del Valle Do Brasil, LTDA and Mais Industria de Alimentos, LTDA giving rise to a new company by the name of Sistema de Alimentos e Bebidas do Brasil, LTDA.
(5)Acquisition cost.
(6)Includes 45.00% ownership investments in Energía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A de C.V.

As mentioned in Note 5, on December 9, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the acquisition of 100% of Corporación de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. (“Grupo CIMSA”). As part of the acquisition of Grupo CIMSA, the Company also acquired a 13.20% equity interest in Promotora Industrial Azucarera S.A de C.V.

On March 28, 2011 Coca-Cola FEMSA made an initial investment for Ps. 620 together with The Coca-Cola Company in Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V. (Grupo Estrella Azul), a Panamanian conglomerate in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories business in Panama. The investment of Coca-Cola FEMSA represents 50% of ownership .

On March 17, 2011, a consortium of investors formed by FEMSA, the Macquarie Mexican Infrastructure Fund and other investors, acquired Energía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as EAI, and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as EEM, from subsidiaries of Preneal, S.A., which we refer to as Preneal. EAI and EEM are the owners of a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in the southeastern region of the State of Oaxaca. This project is expected to be the largest wind power farm in Latin America.

In August 2010, Coca-Cola FEMSA made an investment for approximately Ps. 295 (40 million Brazilian Reais) in Holdfab2 Participações Societárias, LTDA representing a 27.69% interest. Holdfab2 has a 50% investment in Leao Junior, a tea producer company in Brazil.

During 2010, the shareholders of Jugos del Valle, including Coca-Cola FEMSA, agreed to spin-off the distribution rights. Those shareholders now purchase product directly from Jugos del Valle for resale to their customers. This reorganization resulted in a decrease of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s investment in shares of Ps. 735 and an increase to its intangible assets (distribution rights of a separate legal entity) for the same amount. During 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA increased its ownership percentage in Jugos del Valle from 19.80% to 23.99% as a result of the holdings of the acquired companies disclosed in Note 5.

Heineken’s main activities are the production, distribution and marketing of beer worldwide. The Company recognized an equity income of Ps. 5,080 and Ps. 3,319 regarding its interest in Heineken, for the year ended December 31, 2011 and the period from May 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010, respectively.

The following is some relevant financial information from Heineken under IFRS as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and the consolidated results for the full years as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:

In millions of euros

  2011  2010(1) 

Current assets

   4,708    4,318  

Long-term assets

   22,419    22,344  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

   27,127    26,662  

Current liabilities

   6,159    5,623  

Long-term liabilities

   10,876    10,819  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   17,035    16,442  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

   10,092    10,220  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

In millions of euros

  2011  2010(1) 

Total revenues and other income

   17,187    16,372  

Total expenses

   (14,972  (14,074
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Results from operating activities

   2,215    2,298  

Profit before income tax

   2,025    1,982  

Income tax

   (465  (403
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Profit

   1,560    1,579  

Profit attributable to equity holders of the company

   1,430    1,447  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

   1,007    2,130  

Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders of the company

   884    1,983  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Heineken adjusted its comparative figures due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits.

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010 fair value of Company’s investment in Heineken N.V. Holding and Heineken N.V. represented by shares equivalent to 20% of its outstanding shares amounted to 3,942 million and 4,048 million based on quoted market prices of those dates. As of April 27, 2012, issuance date of these consolidated financial statements, fair value amounted to € 4,517 million.

During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company has received dividends distributions from Heineken, amounted to Ps. 1,661 and Ps. 1,304, respectively.

Note 10. Property, Plant and Equipment.

 

   2008  2007 

Land

  Ps.8,098   Ps.7,132  

Buildings, machinery and equipment

   90,800    83,545  

Accumulated depreciation

   (46,203  (42,330

Refrigeration equipment

   10,512    9,343  

Accumulated depreciation

   (7,146  (6,847

Investment in fixed assets in progress

   4,335    3,110  

Long-lived assets stated at net realizable value

   730    655  

Other long-lived assets

   299    99  
         
  Ps.61,425   Ps.54,707  
         

 

The Company has identified certain long-lived assets that are not strategic to the current and future operations of the business and are not being used, comprised of land, buildings and equipment, in accordance with an approved program for the disposal of certain investments. Such long-lived assets, which are idle, have been recorded at their estimated net realizable value without exceeding their acquisition cost, as follows:

 

     

   2008  2007 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  Ps.394   Ps. 94  

FEMSA Cerveza

   291    311  

FEMSA and others subsidiaries

   45    250  
         
  Ps.730   Ps.655  
         

Buildings

  Ps.359   Ps.290  

Land

   237    365  

Equipment

   134    —    
         
  Ps.730   Ps.655  
         

Cost

  Land  Buildings  Machinery
and
Equipment
  Refrigeration
Equipment
  Bottles
and

Cases
  Investments
in Fixed
Assets in
Progress
  Not
Strategic
Assets
  Others  Total 

Cost as of January 1, 2010

  Ps. 5,412   Ps. 12,020   Ps. 39,638   Ps. 9,027   Ps. 2,029   Ps. 2,825   Ps. 330   Ps. 527   Ps. 71,808  

Additions

   106    322    3,045    834    1,013    4,155    —      115    9,590  

Transfer of completed projects in progress

   —      238    2,096    700    409    (3,443  —      —      —    

Transfer to/(from) assets classified as held for sale

   (64  7    21    —      —      —      71    —      35  

Disposals

   (57  (116  (2,515  (540  (611  (40  (29  (32  (3,940

Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates

   (269  —      (5,096  (730  —      (495  (140  (214  (6,944

Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects

   98    470    1,029    249    14    47    —      64    1,971  

Capitalization of comprehensive financing result

   —      —      —      —      —      (33  —      —      (33
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cost as of December 31, 2010

  Ps.5,226   Ps.12,941   Ps.38,218   Ps.9,540   Ps.2,854   Ps.3,016   Ps.232   Ps.460   Ps.72,487  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cost

  Land  Buildings  Machinery
and
Equipment
  Refrigeration
Equipment
  Bottles
and

Cases
  Investments
in Fixed
Assets in
Progress
  Not
Strategic
Assets
  Others  Total 

Cost as of January 1, 2011

  Ps.5,226   Ps.12,941   Ps.38,218   Ps.9,540   Ps.2,854   Ps.3,016   Ps.232   Ps.460   Ps.72,487  

Additions and acquired in business combination

   830    1,552    5,507    1,535    1,441    4,274    —      184    15,323  

Transfer of completed projects in progress

   23    280    2,466    380    398    (3,547  —      —      —    

Transfer to/(from) assets classified as held for sale

   125    108    6    —      —      —      (42  —      197  

Disposals

   (57  (50  (2,294  (463  (694  —      (109  (114  (3,781

Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates

   183    2    1,701    481    110    108    20    44    2,649  

Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects

   114    571    1,368    301    31    83    —      11    2,479  

Capitalization of comprehensive financing result

   —      —      —      —      —      (14  —      —      (14
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cost as of December 31, 2011

  Ps.6,444   Ps.15,404   Ps.46,972   Ps.11,774   Ps.4,140   Ps.3,920   Ps.101   Ps.585   Ps.89,340  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated Depreciation

                               

Accumulated Depreciation as of January 1, 2010

  Ps. —      Ps.(3,487 Ps.(22,044 Ps. (6,016 Ps. (171 Ps. —      Ps. —      Ps.(195 Ps.(31,913

Depreciation for the year

   —       (314  (2,707  (754  (701  —       —       (51  (4,527

Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale

   —       —      64    —      —      —       —       —      64  

Disposals

   —       32    1,951    528    215    —       —       1    2,727  

Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates

   —       —      3,231    642    56    —       —       85    4,014  

Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects

   —       (224  (526  (177  —      —       —       (15  (942
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2010

  Ps. —      Ps.(3,993 Ps.(20,031 

Ps.

 (5,777

 Ps. (601 Ps. —      Ps. —      Ps.(175 Ps.(30,577
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated Depreciation

  Land   Buildings  Machinery
and
Equipment
  Refrigeration
Equipment
  Bottles and
Cases
  Investments
in Fixed
Assets in
Progress
   Not
Strategic
Assets
   Others  Total Cost 

Accumulated Depreciation as of January 1, 2011

  Ps. —      Ps.(3,993) Ps. (20,031 Ps. (5,777 Ps. (601 Ps. —      Ps. —      Ps.(175 Ps.(30,577

Depreciation for the year

   —       (361  (3,197  (1,000  (894  —       —       (46  (5,498

Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale

   —       (46  7    —      —      —       —       —      (39

Disposals

   —       4    2,130    206    201    —       —       64    2,605  

Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates

   —       1    (957  (339  22    —       —       (28  (1,301

Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects

   —       (300  (645  (166  —      —       —       (17  (1,128
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Accumulated Depreciation as of December 31, 2011

  Ps. —      Ps.(4,695 Ps.(22,693 Ps. (7,076 Ps.(1,272 Ps. —      Ps. —      Ps.(202 Ps.(35,938
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Carrying Amount

 Land  Buildings  Machinery
and
Equipment
  Refrigeration
Equipment
  Bottles
and Cases
  Investments
in Fixed
Assets in
Progress
  Not
Strategic
Assets
  Others  Total 

As of January 1, 2010

 Ps.5,412   Ps.8,533   Ps.17,594   Ps.3,011   Ps.1,858   Ps.2,825   Ps.330   Ps.332   Ps.39,895  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

  5,226    8,948    18,187    3,763    2,253    3,016    232    285    41,910  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011

  6,444    10,709    24,279    4,698    2,868    3,920    101    383    53,402  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

During the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 the Company capitalized (Ps. 14), (Ps. 33) and Ps. 13, respectively in comprehensive financing costs in relation to Ps. 256, Ps. 708 and Ps. 158 in qualifying assets. Amounts were capitalized assuming an annual capitalization rate of 5.8%, 5.3% and 7.2%, respectively.

For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 the comprehensive financing result is analyzed as follows:

   2011   2010   2009 

Comprehensive financing result

   Ps.939    Ps.2,165     Ps.2,682  

Amount capitalized

   156     12     55  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net amount in income statements

   Ps.783    Ps.2,153     Ps.2,627  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company has identified certain long-lived assets that are not strategic to the current and future operations of the business and are not being used, comprised of land, buildings and equipment, in accordance with an approved program for the disposal of certain investments. Such long-lived assets have been recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value, as follows:

  2011     2010 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

 Ps.79      Ps.189  

Other subsidiaries

  22       43  
 

 

 

     

 

 

 
 Ps.101      Ps.232  
 

 

 

     

 

 

 

Buildings

 Ps.39      Ps.64  

Land

  56       139  

Equipment

  6       29  
 

 

 

     

 

 

 
 Ps.101      Ps. 232  
 

 

 

     

 

 

 

As a result of selling certain not strategic long-lived assets, the Company recognized gainsgain of Ps. 9,85, loss of Ps. 12741, and a gain of Ps. 226 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

Long-lived assets that are available for sale have been reclassified from property, plant and equipment to other current assets. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, long-lived assets available for sale amounted to Ps. 26 and Ps. 125 (see Note 8).

Note 11. Intangible Assets.Assets

 

  2008  2007  2011   2010 

Unamortized intangible assets:

        

Coca-Cola FEMSA:

        

Rights to produce and distribute Coca-Cola trademark products

  Ps. 46,892  Ps. 42,225  Ps. 63,521    Ps. 49,169  

FEMSA Cerveza:

    

Trademarks and distribution rights

   11,130   11,299

Goodwill

   3,821   4,044

Kaiser trademarks

   716   758

Other

   289   285

Goodwill from Grupo Tampico acquisition – Mexico (see Note 5 A)

   2,579     —    

Goodwill from Grupo CIMSA acquisition – Mexico (see Note 5 A)

   1,936     —    

Other subsidiaries:

    

Other unamortized intangible assets

   499   499   343     462  
  

 

   

 

 
  Ps.68,379    Ps.49,631  
  

 

   

 

 

Amortized intangible assets:

        

Systems in development costs

   578   —  

Cost of systems implementation

   517   589

Start-up expenses

   496   398

Systems in development costs, net

  Ps.1,743    Ps.1,788  

Technology costs and management systems

   990     396  

Alcohol licenses, net (see Note 4 J)

   438     410  

Other

   361   137   58     115  
        

 

   

 

 
  Ps. 65,299  Ps. 60,234  Ps.3,229    Ps.2,709  
        

 

   

 

 

Total intangible assets

  Ps.71,608    Ps.52,340  
  

 

   

 

 

The changes in the carrying amount of unamortized intangible assets are as follows:

   2011  2010 

Beginning balance

  Ps.49,631   Ps.50,143  

Acquisitions

   16,478(1)   833  

Cancellations

   (119  (151

Impairment

   —      (10

Translation and restatement of foreign currency effect

   2,389    (1,184
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.68,379   Ps.49,631  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Includes Ps. 8,078 and Ps. 8,164 for acquisitions of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA, respectively (see Note 5 A).

The changes in the carrying amount of amortized intangible assets are as follows:

 

   Investments  Amortization   
   Accumulated
at the
Beginning of
the Year
  Additions  Accumulated
at the
Beginning of
the Year
  For the
Year
  Total

2008

        

Systems in development costs

  Ps.—    Ps.578  Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.578

Cost of systems implementation

   2,093   156   (1,504  (228  517

Start-up expenses

   553   134   (155  (36  496

2007

        

Cost of systems implementation

  Ps.1,892  Ps.201  Ps.(1,159 Ps.(345 Ps.589

Start-up expenses

   364   189   (107  (48  398

2006

        

Cost of systems implementation

  Ps.1,578  Ps.314  Ps.(763 Ps.(396 Ps.733

Start-up expenses

   330   34   (78  (29  257
   Investments   Amortization    
   Accumulated
at the
Beginning of
the Year
   Additions (1)   Capitalization
of
Comprehensive
Financing
Result
   Transfer
of
Completed
Project
  Accumulated
at the
Beginning of
the Year
  For the
Year
  Total 

2011

           

Systems in development costs

  Ps. 1,788    Ps.249    Ps.170    Ps.(464 Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.1,743  

Technology costs and management systems

   1,465     337     —       464    (1,069  (207  990  

Alcohol licenses(1)

   495     60     —       —      (85  (32  438  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

2010

           

Systems in development costs

  Ps.1,188    Ps.706    Ps.45    Ps.(151 Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.1,788  

Technology costs and management systems

   1,197     117     —       151    (887  (182  396  

Alcohol licenses(1)

   271     224     —       —      (48  (37  410  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

2009

           

Systems in development costs

  Ps.333    Ps.813    Ps.42    Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.1,188  

Technology costs and management systems

   963     234     —       —      (675  (212  310  

Alcohol licenses(1)

   169     102     —       —      (31  (17  223  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)See Note 4 J.

During the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 the Company capitalized Ps. 170, Ps. 45 and Ps. 42, respectively in comprehensive financing costs in relation to Ps. 1,761, Ps. 1,221 and Ps. 687 in qualifying assets. Amounts were capitalized assuming an annual capitalization rate of 5.8%, 5.3%, and 7.2%, respectively and an estimated life of the qualifying assets of seven years.

The estimated amortization for intangible assets of definite life is as follows:

 

  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013  2012   2013   2014   2015   2016 

Systems amortization

  Ps.263  Ps.395  Ps.258  Ps.249  Ps.226  Ps.481    Ps.409    Ps.362    Ps.347    Ps.337  

Alcohol licenses

   33     38     43     49     56  

Others

   41   46   52   59   66   17     15     13     13     13  

Note 12. Other Assets.Assets

 

  2008  2007  2011   2010 

Leasehold improvements-net

  Ps.4,930  Ps.4,352

Agreements with customers

   4,273   3,786

Long-term licenses

   561   411

Leasehold improvements, net

   Ps.   6,135    Ps. 5,261  

Agreements with customers (see Note 4 I)

   256     186  

Derivative financial instruments

   850     708  

Guarantee deposits

   948     897  

Long-term accounts receivable

   379   383   1,856     681  

Advertising and promotional expenses

   293   212   112     125  

Derivative financial instruments

   212   42

Tax credits

   185   —  

Guarantee deposits

   163   70

Additional labor liabilities (see Notes 15 and 2 d)

   —     948

Property, plant and equipment paid in advance

   296     226  

Other

   1,358   913   841     645  
        

 

   

 

 
  Ps.12,354  Ps.11,117   Ps. 11,294    Ps.8,729  
        

 

   

 

 

Long-term accounts receivable are comprised of Ps. 1,829 and Ps. 27 of principal and interest, respectively, and are expected to be collected as follows:

2012

  Ps.10  

2013

   126  

2014

   63  

2015

   1,657  
  

 

 

 
  Ps. 1,856  
  

 

 

 

Note 13. Balances and Transactions with Related Parties and Affiliated Companies.Companies

On January 1, 2007, NIF C-13, “Related Parties,” came into effect. This standard broadens the concept of “related parties” to include:Balances and transactions with related parties and affiliated companies include consideration of: a) the overall business in which the reporting entity participates; b) close family members of key officers; and c) any fund created in connection with a labor related compensation plan. Additionally, NIF C-13 requires

On April 30, 2010, the Company lost control over FEMSA Cerveza, which became a subsidiary of Heineken Group. As a result, balances and transactions with Heineken Group and subsidiaries are presented since that entities provide comparative disclosures indate as balances and transactions with related parties. Balances and transactions prior to that date are not disclosed because they were not transactions between related parties of the notes to the financial statements.Company.

The consolidated balance sheets and income statements include the following balances and transactions with related parties and affiliated companies:

 

Balances

  2008  2007

Due from The Coca-Cola Company (see Note 4 l)(1)

  Ps.959  Ps.719

Balance with BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.

   607   250

Due from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladores, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   129   143

Other receivables(1)

   433   891

Due to BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.(2)

   3,046   1,712

Due to The Coca-Cola Company(3)

   2,659   3,401

Due to British American Tobacco México(3)

   128   191

Other payables(3)

   278   327

Balances

  2011   2010 

Due from The Coca-Cola Company (see Note 4 L)(1)

   Ps. 1,157     Ps. 1,030  

Balance with BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.(2)

   2,791     2,944  

Balance with Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V.(2)

   —       2,103  

Due from Heineken Group(1)

   857     425  

Due from Grupo Estrella Azul(3)

   785     —    

Other receivables(1)

   494     295  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Due to BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.(4)

   Ps. 1,106     Ps. 999  

Due to The Coca-Cola Company(5)

   2,853     1,911  

Due to Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V.(4)

   —       500  

Due to British American Tobacco Mexico(5)

   316     287  

Due to Heineken Group(5)

   2,148     1,463  

Other payables(5)

   508     210  

 

(1)RecordsRecorded as part of total of receivable accounts.
(2)RecordsRecorded as part of cash and cash equivalents.
(3)Recorded as part of total other assets.
(4)Recorded as part of total bank loans.
(3)(5)RecordsRecorded as part of total payable accounts.accounts payable.

Transactions

  2008  2007  2006

Income:

      

Sales of cans and aluminum lids to Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladores, S.A. de C.V.(1)

  Ps.1,081  Ps.1,121  Ps.1,105

Logistic services to Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   252   242   288

Sales of Grupo Inmobiliario San Agustín, S.A. shares to Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C.(1)

   66   37   —  

Other revenues from related parties

   408   902   919
            

Expenses:

      

Purchase of concentrate from The Coca-Cola Company

   13,518   12,239   10,322

Purchase of baked goods and snacks from Grupo Bimbo, S.A.B. de C.V.(1)

   1,578   1,324   1,034

Purchase of cigarettes from British American Tobacco México(1)

   1,439   1,064   775

Advertisement expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company

   931   940   933

Purchase of juices from Jugos del Valle, S.A. de C.V.

   863   —     —  

Interest expense paid to BBVA Bancomer S.A. de C.V.(1)

   780   305   257

Purchase of sugar from Beta San Miguel

   687   845   536

Purchase of sugar, cans and aluminum lids from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladores, S.A. de C.V.

   525   723   865

Purchase of canned products from IEQSA and CICAN(2)

   333   518   816

Advertising paid to Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.(1)

   253   178   165

Interest expense paid to Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   113   164   201

Interest expense paid to Deutsche Bank (Mexico)(1)

   85   —     —  

Insurance premiums for policies with Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A.B.(1)

   83   31   41

Donations to Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C. (1)

   79   108   92

Purchase of plastic bottles from Embotelladora del Atlántico, S.A. (formerly Complejo Industrial Pet, S.A.)

   42   37   34

Donations to Difusión y Fomento Cultural, A.C.(1)

   29   32   19

Interest expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company

   27   29   65

Other expenses with related parties

   43   3   —  

Transactions

  2011   2010   2009 

Income:

      

Services and others to Heineken Group

  Ps. 2,169    Ps. 1,048    Ps. —    

Logistic services to Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A. de C.V.

   241     241     234  

Sales of Grupo Inmobiliario San Agustín, S.A. shares to Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C.

   —       62     64  

Other revenues from related parties

   383     42     22  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Expenses:

      

Purchase of concentrate from The Coca-Cola Company(1)

   21,183     19,371     16,863  

Purchases of raw material, beer and operating expenses from Heineken Group(1) (2)

   9,397     7,063     —    

Purchase of baked goods and snacks from Grupo Bimbo, S.A.B. de C.V.(2)

   2,270     2,018     1,733  

Purchase of cigarettes from British American Tobacco Mexico(2)

   1,964     1,883     1,413  

Advertisement expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company(1)

   874     1,117     780  

Purchase of juices from Jugos del Valle, S.A.P.I. de C.V.(1) (2)

   1,564     1,332     1,044  

Interest expense and fees paid to BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.

   128     108     260  

Purchase of sugar from Beta San Miguel(1)

   1,398     1,307     713  

Purchase of sugar, cans and aluminum lids from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladores, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   701     684     783  

Purchase of canned products from IEQSA(1)

   262     196     208  

Purchases from affiliated companies of Grupo Tampico(1)

   175     —       —    

Advertising paid to Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.

   86     37     13  

Interest expense paid to Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V.

   28     56     61  

Insurance premiums for policies with Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A.B.

   59     69     78  

Donations to Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C.

   81     63     72  

Purchase of plastic bottles from Embotelladora del Atlántico, S.A. (formerly Complejo Industrial Pet, S.A.) (1)

   61     52     54  

Purchase of juice and milk powder from Grupo Estrella Azul(1)

   60     —       —    

Donations to Difusión y Fomento Cultural, A.C.

   21     29     18  

Interest expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company(1)

   7     5     25  

Other expenses with related parties

   103     31     42  

 

(1)One or more membersThese companies are related parties of the board of directors or senior management are also members of the board of directors or senior management of the counterparties to these transactions.our subsidiary Coca-Cola FEMSA.
(2)In 2007, CICAN is not considered to be aThese companies are related party.parties of our subsidiary FEMSA Comercio.

The benefits and aggregate compensation paid to executive officers and senior management of FEMSA and its subsidiaries were as follows:

 

  2008  2007  2006  2011   2010   2009 

Short- and long-term benefits paid

  Ps. 1,348  Ps. 1,290  Ps. 1,098  Ps. 1,279    Ps. 1,307    Ps. 1,206  

Severance indemnities

   11   17   13   10     34     47  

Postretirement benefits (labor cost)

   32   29   31   117     83     23  

Note 14. Balances and Transactions in Foreign Currencies.Currencies

According to NIF B-15, assets, liabilities and transactions denominated in foreign currencies are those realized in a currency different than the recording, functional or reporting currency of each reporting unit. As of the end of and for the years ended December 31, 2008,2011 and 2010, assets, liabilities and transactions denominated in foreign currencies, expressed in Mexican pesos are as follows:

 

   U.S. Dollars  Other
Currencies
  Total

Assets

      

Short-term

  Ps.4,372  Ps.112  Ps.4,484

Long-term

   315   —     315

Liabilities

      

Short-term

   8,110   —     8,110

Long-term

   6,194   120   6,314

Transactions

  U.S. Dollars  Other
Currencies
  Total

Revenues

  Ps.5,270  Ps. 933  Ps.6,203
            

Expenses:

      

Purchases of raw materials

   12,746   184   12,930

Interest expense

   2,363   —     2,363

Assets acquisitions

   1,176   715   1,891

Export expenses

   744   —     744

Other

   1,726   85   1,811
            
  Ps. 18,755  Ps.984  Ps. 19,739
            

   2011   2010 
   U.S. dollars   Other
Currencies
   Total   U.S. dollars   Other
Currencies
   Total 

Assets:

            

Short-term

  Ps. 13,733    Ps. 18    Ps. 13,751    Ps. 11,761    Ps. 480    Ps. 12,241  

Long-term

   1,049     —       1,049     321     —       321  

Liabilities:

            

Short-term

   2,325     205     2,530     1,501     247     1,748  

Long-term

   7,199     445     7,644     6,962     —       6,962  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Transactions

  U.S. dollars   Other
Currencies
   Total   U.S. dollars   Other
Currencies
   Total 

Total revenues

  Ps.1,564    Ps.2    Ps.1,566    Ps.1,111    Ps. —      Ps.1,111  

Expenses and investments:

            

Purchases of raw materials

   9,424     —       9,424     5,648     —       5,648  

Interest expense

   319     5     324     294     —       294  

Consulting fees

   11     —       11     452     24     476  

Assets acquisitions

   306     —       306     311     —       311  

Other

   1,075     90     1,165     804     3     807  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of June 26, 2009, issuanceApril 27, 2012, approval date of these consolidated financial statements, the exchange rate published by “Banco de México” was Ps. 13.305113.1667 Mexican pesos per one U.S. Dollar, and the foreign currency position was similar to that as of December 31, 2008.2011.

Note 15. Labor Liabilities.Employee Benefits

The Company has various labor liabilities for employee benefits in connection with pension, seniority, post retirement medical and severance benefits. Benefits vary depending upon country.

On January 1, 2008, NIF D-3, “Employee Benefits,” came into effect, and established the following changes:

i)Incorporates in its legislation, the current and deferred PTU, and establishes that the deferred should be determined in accordance with NIF D-4, and

ii)Includes the wage career concept, and the amortization period of labor cost of past services is five years unless certain conditions are met.

These changes have an effect on the value of the liability, because an additional liability is not longer recognized, nor the effect on the Income Statement for the change in the amortization period from the reduction to 5 years, in some liabilities accounts.

In December 2007, FEMSA Cerveza approved a plan to allow certain qualifying personnel to early retire beginning in 2008. This plan consisted of the following: (i) allowed personnel with more than 55 years of age and 20 years of seniority, as of January 15, 2008, to take the early retirement, and (ii) to pay severance indemnities to some employees that do not meet certain characteristics defined by the Company. This plan is intended to improve the efficiency of FEMSA Cerveza’s operating structure. The total financial impact of this plan was Ps. 236, of which Ps. 125 was recorded in the consolidated results of the Company of 2007, and Ps. 111 was recorded in the consolidated results as of December 31, 2008. Both amounts were included as part of other expenses (see Note 18).

In December 2006, the Company approved a change to its pension and retirement plans effective in 2007. Through December 2006, the Company’s pension and retirement plans provided for lifetime monthly payments as a complement to the pension payment received from the Mexican Social Security Institute (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social or “IMSS”). The modified pension and retirement plans provide for one lump-sum benefit payment in addition to the pension benefits received from the IMSS, which will supplement the beneficiary’s earnings.

 

a)Assumptions:

The Company annually evaluates the reasonableness of the assumptions used in its labor liabilities for employee benefits computations. Actuarial calculations for pension and retirement plans, seniority premiums, postretirement medical services and severance indemnity liabilities, as well as the cost for the period, were determined using the following long-term assumptions:

 

     Nominal Rates(1) Real Rates(2) 
   Nominal
Rates 2008 (1)
 Real
Rates 2008 (2)
 Real
Rates (3)
      2011 2010 2009 2011 2010 2009 

Annual discount rate

   8.2 4.5 4.5     7.6  7.6  8.2  4.0  4.0  4.5

Salary increase

   5.1 1.5 1.5     4.8  4.8  5.1  1.2  1.2  1.5

Return on assets

   11.3 7.5 4.5     9.0  8.2  8.2  5.0  3.6  4.5
              

Measurement date: December 2008

     

Measurement date: December 2011

         

 (1)For non-inflationary economies.
 (2)For inflationary economies.
(3)Assumptions used for 2007 and 2006 actuarial calculations

The basis for the determination of the long-term rate of return is supported by a historical analysis of average returns in real terms for the last 30 years of the Certificados de Tesorería del Gobierno Federal (Mexican Federal Government Treasury Certificates) for Mexican investments, treasury bonds of each country for other investments and the expected rates of long-term returns of the actual investments of the Company.

The annual growth rate for health care expenses is 5.1% in nominal terms, consistent with the historical average health care expense rate for the past 30 years. Such rate is expected to remain consistent for the foreseeable future.

Based on these assumptions, the expected benefits to be paid in the following years are as follows:

 

   Pension and
Retirement
Plans
  Seniority
Premiums
  Postretirement
Medical
Services
  Severance
Indemnities

2009

  Ps.512  Ps.17  Ps.25  Ps. 158

2010

   313   16   25   129

2011

   369   18   25   119

2012

   305   21   26   113

2013

   341   22   27   108

2014 to 2019

   1,730   198   203   563
   Pension and
Retirement
Plans
   Seniority
Premiums
   Postretirement
Medical
Services
   Severance
Indemnities
 

2012

   Ps. 409     Ps. 16     Ps. 6     Ps. 148  

2013

   238     15     6     125  

2014

   234     16     6     119  

2015

   206     17     6     115  

2016

   203     19     6     110  

2017 to 2021

   1,078     124     25     512  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

b)Balances of the Liabilities:Liabilities for Employee Benefits:

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 

Pension and retirement plans:

   

Pension and Retirement Plans:

   

Vested benefit obligation

  Ps.3,122   Ps.2,373    Ps.1,639   Ps.1,461  

Non-vested benefit obligation

   2,625    2,792     1,184    1,080  
         

 

  

 

 

Accumulated benefit obligation

   5,747    5,165     2,823    2,541  

Excess of defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   466    422  

Excess of projected benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   1,103    757  
         

 

  

 

 

Defined benefit obligation

   6,213    5,587(1)    3,926    3,298  

Pension plan funds at fair value

   (2,660  (2,806   (1,927  (1,501
         

 

  

 

 

Unfunded defined benefit obligation

   3,553    2,781     1,999    1,797  

Labor cost of past services(2)

   (1,113  (1,177

Unrecognized actuarial net (loss) gain

   (554  38  
       
   1,886    1,642  

Additional labor liability

   —      915  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   (319  (349

Unrecognized actuarial loss, net

   (446  (272
         

 

  

 

 

Total

  Ps.1,886   Ps.2,557    Ps.1,234   Ps.1,176  
         

 

  

 

 

Seniority premiums:

   

Seniority Premiums:

   

Vested benefit obligation

   8    92    Ps.13   Ps.12  

Non-vested benefit obligation

   235    137     126    93  
         

 

  

 

 

Accumulated benefit obligation

   243    229     139    105  

Excess of defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   26    25  

Excess of projected benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   102    49  
  

 

  

 

 

Defined benefit obligation

   241    154  

Seniority premium plan funds at fair value

   (19  —    
         

 

  

 

 

Unfunded defined benefit obligation

   269    254     222    154  

Labor cost of past services(2)

   (8  (9

Unrecognized actuarial net loss

   (13  (57
       
   248    188  

Additional labor liability

   —      60  

Unrecognized actuarial gain, net

   22    17  
         

 

  

 

 

Total

  Ps.248   Ps.248    Ps.244   Ps.171  
         

 

  

 

 

Postretirement Medical Services:

   

Vested benefit obligation

  Ps.134   Ps.119  

Non-vested benefit obligation

   102    112  
  

 

  

 

 

Defined benefit obligation

   236    231  

Medical services funds at fair value

   (45  (43
  

 

  

 

 

Unfunded defined benefit obligation

   191    188  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   (2  (4

Unrecognized actuarial loss, net

   (95  (102
  

 

  

 

 

Total

  Ps.94   Ps.82  
  

 

  

 

 

Severance Indemnities:

   

Accumulated benefit obligation

  Ps.614   Ps.462  

Excess of projected benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   122    91  
  

 

  

 

 

Defined benefit obligation

   736    553  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   (50  (99
  

 

  

 

 

Total

  Ps.686   Ps.454  
  

 

  

 

 

Total labor liabilities for employee benefits

  Ps. 2,258   Ps. 1,883  
  

 

  

 

 

Postretirement medical services:

   

Vested benefit obligation

   443    295  

Non-vested benefit obligation

   538    451  
         

Defined benefit obligation

   981    746  

Medical services funds at fair value

   (92  (96
         

Unfunded defined benefit obligation

   889    650  

Labor cost of past services(2)

   (43  (39

Unrecognized actuarial net loss

   (482  (306
         

Total

  Ps. 364   Ps. 305  
         

Severance indemnities:

   

Accumulated benefit obligation

   729    609  

Excess of defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation

   —      38  
         

Defined benefit obligation

   729    647  

Labor cost of past services(2)

   (339  (450

Unrecognized actuarial net loss

   (2  (124
         
   388    73  

Additional labor liability

   —      535  
         

Total

  Ps. 388   Ps. 608  
         

Total labor liabilities

  Ps. 2,886   Ps. 3,718  
         

 

 (1)Projected Benefit Obligation as provided in Bulletin D-3 “Labor Liabilities”
(2)Unrecognized net transition obligation and unrecognized prior service costs as were defined in Bulletin D-3 “Labor Liabilities.”costs.

The accumulated actuarial gains and losses were generated by the differences in the assumptions used for the actuarial calculations at the beginning of the year versus the actual behavior of those variables at the end of the current year.

 

c)Trust Assets:

Trust assets consist of fixed and variable return financial instruments recorded at market value. The trust assets are invested as follows:

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 

Fixed Return:

   

Fixed return:

   

Publicly traded securities

  16 22   9  10

Bank instruments

  10 17   3  8

Federal government instruments

  53 31   69  60

Variable Return:

   

Publicly traded

  21 30

Variable return:

   

Publicly traded shares

   19  22
         

 

  

 

 
  100 100   100  100
         

 

  

 

 

The Company has a policy of maintaining at least 30% of the trust assets in Mexican Federal Government instruments. Objective portfolio guidelines have been established for the remaining percentage, and investment decisions are made to comply with those guidelines to the extent that market conditions and available funds allow.

The amounts and types of securities of the Company and related parties included in plan assets are as follows:

 

   2008  2007

Debt:

    

Deutsche Bank (Mexico)(1)

  Ps.58  Ps.26

CEMEX, S.A.B. de C.V.(1)

   57   51

BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   41   29

Sigma Alimentos, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   29   40

British American Tobacco Mexico(1)

   —     16

Valores Mexicanos Casa de Bolsa, S.A. de C.V.(1)

   —     8

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   2   2

Capital:

    

FEMSA

   181   177

CEMEX, S.A.B. de C.V.(1)

   —     135

Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.(1)

   —     84

 

(1)One or more members of the board of directors or senior management of FEMSA are members of the board of directors or senior management of this company.

   2011   2010 

Debt:

    

CEMEX, S.A.B. de C.V.

   Ps. —       Ps.20  

BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V.

   30     11  

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   2     2  

Grupo Industrial Bimbo, S.A. de C.V.

   2     2  

Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.

   3     —    

Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A.B. de C.V.

   7     —    

Equity:

    

FEMSA

   58     97  

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   5     —    

Grupo Televisa, S.A.B.

   —       8  

The Company does not expect to make material contributions to the plan assets during the following fiscal year.

 

d)Cost for the Year:

 

  2008 2007 2006   2011 2010 2009 

Pension and retirement plans:

    

Pension and Retirement Plans:

    

Labor cost

  Ps.229   Ps.210   Ps.139    Ps. 164   Ps. 136   Ps. 136  

Interest cost

   437    235    232     262    219    216  

Expected return on trust assets

   (307  (129  (139   (149  (94  (80

Labor cost of past services(1)

   105    102    55     31    30    29  

Amendments to plan

   90    120    —    

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   15    1    6     23    4    17  

Curtailment

   (18  —      —    
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
   569    539    293     313    295    318  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Seniority premiums:

    

Labor cost

   33    30    24  

Interest cost

   20    10    11  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   2    2    3  

Amendments to plan

   6    1    —    

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   20    3    —    
          
   81    46    38  
          

Postretirement medical services:

    

Labor cost

   27    27    20  

Interest cost

   59    32    36  

Expected return on trust assets

   (10  (6  (4

Labor cost of past services(1)

   10    4    4  

Amendments to plan

   15    4    —    

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   13    13    10  
          
   114    74    66  
          

Severance indemnities:

    

Seniority Premiums:

    

Labor cost

   99    66    85     30    27    25  

Interest cost

   58    26    34     13    13    12  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   104    38    35     1    1    —    

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   178    —      —       7    —      —    
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
   439    130    154     51    41    37  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
  Ps. 1,203   Ps.789   Ps.551  
          

    

Postretirement Medical Services:

    

Labor cost

   9    8    7  

Interest cost

   17    16    15  

Expected return on trust assets

   (4  (3  (3

Labor cost of past services(1)

   2    2    2  

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   5    4    5  

Curtailment

   (3  —      —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   26    27    26  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Severance Indemnities:

    

Labor cost

   78    65    61  

Interest cost

   35    31    32  

Labor cost of past services(1)

   50    48    50  

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   81    93    45  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   244    237    188  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
  Ps.634   Ps.600   Ps.569  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 (1)Amortization of unrecognized net transition obligation and amortization of unrecognized prior service costs as were defined in Bulletin D-3 “Labor Liabilities.”costs.

e)Changes in the Balance of the Obligations:Obligations for Employee Benefits:

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 

Pension and retirement plans:

   

Pension and Retirement Plans:

   

Initial balance

  Ps. 5,587   Ps. 5,343    Ps.3,298   Ps.2,612  

Labor cost

   229    210     164    136  

Interest cost

   437    235     262    219  

Amendments to plan

   90    120  

Actuarial (gain) loss

   149    (62

Curtailment

   6    129  

Actuarial loss

   88    358  

Benefits paid

   (279  (259   (142  (156

Acquisitions

   250    —    
         

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

   6,213    5,587     3,926    3,298  
         

 

  

 

 

Seniority premiums:

   

Seniority Premiums:

   

Initial balance

   254    245     154    166  

Labor cost

   33    30     30    27  

Interest cost

   20    10     13    13  

Amendments to plan

   6    1  

Actuarial (gain) loss

   (24  2  

Curtailment

   (1  —    

Actuarial loss (gain)

   2    (33

Benefits paid

   (20  (34   (19  (19

Acquisitions

   62    —    
         

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

   269    254     241    154  
         

 

  

 

 

Postretirement medical services:

   

Postretirement Medical Services:

   

Initial balance

   746    731     231    191  

Labor cost

   27    27     9    8  

Interest cost

   59    32     17    16  

Amendments to plan

   15    4  

Curtailment

   (6  8  

Actuarial loss

   187    12     —      21  

Benefits paid

   (53  (60   (15  (13
         

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

   981    746     236    231  
         

 

  

 

 

Severance indemnities:

   

Initial balance

   647    588  

Labor cost

   99    66  

Interest cost

   58    26  

Actuarial loss

   11    88  

Benefits paid

   (86  (121
       

Ending balance

   729    647  
       

Severance Indemnities:

   

Initial balance

   553    535  

Labor cost

   78    65  

Interest cost

   35    31  

Curtailment

   —      1  

Actuarial loss

   112    74  

Benefits paid

   (155  (153

Acquisitions

   113    —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.    736   Ps.    553  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

f)Changes in the Balance of the Trust Assets:

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 

Pension and retirement plans:

   

Initial balance

  Ps. 2,806   Ps. 2,779    Ps. 1,544   Ps. 1,183  

Actual return on trust assets

   (144  110     59    114  

Contributions

   —      78  

Life annuities(1)

   152    264  

Benefits paid

   (2  (161   (12  (17

Acquisitions

   248    —    
         

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

   2,660    2,806    Ps.1,991   Ps. 1,544  
         

 

  

 

 

Postretirement medical services:

   

Initial balance

   96    105  

Actual return on trust assets

   (4  33  

Benefits paid

   —      (42
       

Ending balance

   92    96  
       
(1)

Life annuities acquired fromAllianz Mexico.

 

g)Variation in Health Care Assumptions:

The following table presents the impact to the postretirement medical service obligations and the expenses recorded in the income statement with a variation of 1% in the assumed health care cost trend rates.

 

  Impact of Changes:  Impact of Changes: 
  +1% -1%  +1%   -1% 

Postretirement medical services obligation

  Ps. (324 Ps. 118  Ps. 38    Ps. (24

Cost for the year

   (13  17   5     (2

Note 16. Bonus Program.Program

The bonus program for executives is based on complying with certain goals established annually by management, which include quantitative and qualitative objectives and special projects.

The quantitative objectives represent approximately 50% of the bonus and are based on the Economic Value Added (“EVA”) methodology. The objective established for the executives at each entity is based on a combination of the EVA per entity and the EVA generated by the Company, calculated at approximately 70% and 30%, respectively. The qualitative objectives and special projects represent the remaining 50% of the annual bonus and are based on the critical success factors established at the beginning of the year for each executive.

In addition, the Company provides a defined contribution plan of share compensation to certain key executives, consisting of an annual cash bonus to purchase FEMSA shares or options, based on the executive’s responsibility in the organization, their business’ EVA result achieved, and their individual performance. The acquired shares or options are deposited in a trust, and the executives may access them one year after they are vested at 20% per year. The 50% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s annual executive bonus is to be used to purchase FEMSA shares or options and the remaining 50% to purchase Coca-Cola FEMSA shares or options. As of December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, no options have been granted to employees.

employees under the plan.

As of April 30, 2010, the trust linked to FEMSA Cerveza executives was liquidated; as a result 230,642 of FEMSA UBD shares and 27,339 of KOF L shares granted to FEMSA Cerveza executives were vested as part of the share exchange of FEMSA Cerveza.

The incentive plan target is expressed in months of salary, and the final amount payable is computed based on a percentage of compliance with the goals established every year. The bonuses are recorded in income from operations and are paid in cash the following year. During the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, the bonus expense recorded amounted to Ps. 1,336,1,241 Ps. 1,1791,016 and Ps. 927,1,210, respectively.

All shares held in trust are considered outstanding for earnings per share purposes and dividends on shares held by the trusts are charged to retained earnings.

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, the number of shares held by the trust is as follows:

 

  Number of Shares   Number of Shares 
FEMSA UBD KOF L  FEMSA UBD KOF L 
2008 2007 2008 2007  2011 2010 2011 2010 

Beginning balance

  7,431,459   5,731,038   1,663,746   1,158,472     10,197,507    10,514,672    3,049,376    3,035,008  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Shares granted to executives

  4,592,920   3,202,140   1,267,490   819,430     2,438,590    3,700,050    651,870    989,500  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Shares released from trust to executives upon vesting

  (2,272,173 (1,470,909 (460,161 (295,579   (3,236,014  (3,863,904  (986,694  (975,132
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Forfeitures

  —     (30,720 —     (18,577   —      (153,311  —      —    
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

  9,752,206   7,431,549   2,471,075   1,663,746   �� 9,400,083    10,197,507    2,714,552    3,049,376  
               

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

The fair value of the shares held by the trust as of the end of December 31, 20082011 and 20072010 was Ps. 552.31,297 and Ps 399.2Ps. 857, respectively, based on quoted market prices of those dates.

Note 17. Bank Loans and Notes Payable.Payable

The following table presents short-term debt consisted principally of revolving bank loans as well as their weighted average interest rates:

 

  % Interest
Rate(1)
 2008  % Interest
Rate(1)
 2007 At December 31,(1)     

Loan currencies:

      
(in millions of Mexican pesos) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 and
Thereafter
 2011 Fair
Value
 2010(1) 

Short-term debt:

         

Fixed rate debt:

         

Argentine pesos

         

Bank loans

 Ps.325   Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.325   Ps.317   Ps.506  

Interest rate

  14.9%         14.9%     15.3%  

Mexican pesos

  11.6 Ps. 3,820  7.8 Ps.150         

Capital leases

  18    —      —      —      —      —      18    18    —    

Interest rate

  6.9%         6.9%     0.0%  

Variable rate debt:

         

Colombian pesos

         

Bank loans

  295    —      —      —      —      —      295    295    1,072  

Interest rate

  6.8%         6.8%     4.4%  
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total short-term debt

 Ps.638   Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.—     Ps.638   Ps.630   Ps.1,578  
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Long-term debt:

         

Fixed rate debt:

         

Argentine pesos

  19.6  816  11.0  500         

Venezuelan bolivars

  22.2  365  15.7  425

Bank loans

  514    81    —      —      —      —      595    570    684  

Interest rate

  16.4%    15.7%        16.3%     16.5%  

Brazilian reais

         

Bank loans

  5    10    10    10    10    36    81    87    81  

Interest rate

  4.5%    4.5%    4.5%    4.5%    4.5%    4.5%    4.5%     4.5%  

Capital leases

  4    5    5    4    —      —      18     21  

Interest rate

  4.5%    4.5%    4.5%    4.5%      4.5%     4.5%  

U.S. dollars

         

Yankee Bond

  —      —      —      —      —      6,990    6,990    7,737    6,179  

Interest rate

       4.6%    4.6%     4.6%  

Capital leases

  —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      4  

Interest rate

          3.8%  

Mexican pesos

         

Units of investment (UDIs)

  —      —      —      —      —      3,337    3,337    3,337    3,193  

Interest rate

       4.2%    4.2%     4.2%  

Domestic senior notes

  —      —      —      —      —      2,500    2,500    2,631    —    

Interest rate

       8.3%    8.3%     0.0%  
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Subtotal

 Ps.523   Ps.96   Ps.15   Ps.14   Ps.10   Ps.12,863   Ps.13,521   Ps.14,362   Ps.10,162  
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Variable rate debt:

         

U.S. dollars

         

Bank loans

  42    209    —      —      —      —      251    251    222  

Interest rate

  0.7%    0.7%        0.7%     0.6%  

Mexican pesos

         

Domestic senior notes

  3,000    3,500    —      —      2,500    —      9,000    8,981    8,000  

Interest rate

  4.7%    4.8%      4.9%     4.8%     4.8%  

Bank loans

  67    266    1,392    2,825    —      —      4,550    4,456    4,550  

Interest rate

  5.0%    5.0%    5.0%    5.0%      5.0%     5.1%  

Argentine pesos

         

Bank loans

  130    —      —      —      —      —      130    116    —    

Interest rate

  27.3%         27.3%    

Brazilian reais

         

Capital leases

  33    39    43    48    30    —      193    193    —    

Interest rate

  11.0%    11.0%    11.0%    11.0%    11.0%     11.0%    

Colombian pesos

  15.2  798  —      —           

U.S. dollar

    —    6.7  2,372

Bank loans

  935    —      —      —      —      —      935    929    994  

Interest rate

  6.1%         6.1%     4.7%  

Capital leases

  205    181    —      —      —      —      386    384    —    

Interest rate

  7.1%    6.6%        6.9%    
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Subtotal

  4,412    4,195    1,435    2,873    2,530    —      15,445    15,310    13,766  
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total long-term debt

 Ps.4,935   Ps.4,291   Ps.1,450   Ps.2,887   Ps.2,540   Ps.12,863   Ps.28,966   Ps.29,672   Ps.23,928  
                (4,935   (1,725
   Ps.5,799   Ps. 3,447       

 

   

 

 
               Ps.24,031    Ps.22,203  
       

 

   

 

 

 

(1)WeightedAll interest rates are weighted average rate.annual rates.

The following table presents long-term bank loans and notes payable, as well as their weighted average rates and derivative financial instruments contracted by the Company:

   % Interest
Rate(1)
  2008  % Interest
Rate(1)
  2007 

Fixed interest rate:

     

U.S. dollars:

     

Yankee bond

  7.3 Ps.   3,606   7.3 Ps.   3,199  

Bank loans

  5.2 190   6.0 747  

Capital leases

  3.8 26    —    

Mexican pesos:

     

Bank loans

  7.9 3,536   9.7 3,586  

Units of investment (UDIs)

  4.2 2,692   4.2 2,508  

Notes payable

  10.2 1,500   10.2 1,500  

Japanese yen:

     

Bank loans

  2.8 120   4.8 230  

Brazilian reais:

     

Bank loans

  10.7 1    —    

Variable interest rate:

     

U.S. dollars:

     

Bank loans

  2.3 6,265   5.2 2,014  

Capital leases

   —     8.5 2  

Mexican pesos:

     

Bank loans

  9.1 9,968   8.1 10,010  

Notes payable

  8.8 9,250   8.2 12,750  

Colombian pesos:

     

Bank loans

  15.4 905    —    

Brazilian reais:

     

Bank loans

   —     8.7 36  
           

Long-term debt

   38,059    36,582  

Current portion of long-term debt

   (5,849  (5,917
         
   Ps. 32,210    Ps. 30,665  
         

Derivative Financial Instruments(1)

  2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017 and
Thereafter
   2011   2010 
   (notional amounts in millions of Mexican pesos) 

Cross currency swaps:

                

Units of investments to Mexican pesos and variable rate:

   —       —       —       —       —       2,500     2,500     2,500  

Interest pay rate

             4.6%     4.6%     4.7%  

Interest receive rate

             4.2%     4.2%     4.2%  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest rate swap:(2)

                

Mexican pesos

                

Variable to fixed rate:

   1,600     2,500     575     1,963         6,638     5,260  

Interest pay rate

   8.1%     8.1%     8.4%     8.6%         8.3%     8.1%  

Interest receive rate

   4.7%     4.7%     5.0%     5.0%         4.9%     4.9%  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)WeightedAll interest rates are weighted average rate.annual rates.
(2)Does not include forwards starting swaps with a notional amount of Ps. 1,312 and a fair value loss of Ps. 43. These contracts will become effective in 2012 and mature in 2013.

Hedging Derivative Financial Instruments

  % Interest
Rate(1)
  2008  % Interest
Rate(1)
  2007

Interest rate swaps variable to fixed:

      

Mexican pesos:

      

Notes:

   Ps. 10,000   Ps. 14,085

Interest pay rate

  9.3   9.5 

Interest receive rate

  8.7   8.1 

Bank loans:

   2,640   4,465

Interest pay rate

  9.0   9.4 

Interest receive rate

  9.0   8.0 

Cross currency swaps:

      

Bank loans from U.S. Dollars to Mexican pesos:

   2,429   —  

Interest pay rate

  8.2   —     

Interest receive rate

  1.3   —     

Bank loans from Japanese yen to Brazilian reais:

   72   230

Interest pay rate

  14.4   11.8 

Interest receive rate

  2.8   4.8 

 

(1)    Weighted average rate.

      
Maturities of long-term debt are as follows:      

Current maturities of long-term debt

      Ps.   5,849

2010

      3,909

2011

      4,669

2012

      8,716

2013

      8,007

2014 and thereafter

      6,909
       
      Ps. 38,059
       
On December 4, 2007, the Company obtained the approval from the National Banking and Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores or “CNBV”) for the issuance of long-term domestic senior notes (“Certificados Bursátiles”) in the amount of Ps. 10,000 (nominal amount) or its equivalent in investment units. As of December 31, 2011, the Company has issued the following domestic senior notes: i) on December 7, 2007, the Company issued domestic senior notes composed of Ps. 3,500 (nominal amount) with a maturity date on November 29, 2013 and a floating interest rate; ii) on December 7, 2007, the Company issued domestic senior notes in the amount of 637,587,000 investment units (Ps. 2,500 nominal amount), with a maturity date on November 24, 2017 and a fixed interest rate, iii) on May 26, 2008, the Company issued domestic senior notes composed of Ps. 1,500 (nominal amount), with a maturity date on May 23, 2011 and a floating interest rate, which was paid at maturity.

Additionally, Coca-Cola FEMSA has the following domestic senior notes: a) issued in the Mexican stock exchange: i) Ps. 3,000 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2012 and a variable interest rate, ii) Ps. 2,500 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2016 and a variable interest rate and iii) Ps. 2,500 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2021 and fixed interest rate of 8.3%; b) issued in the NYSE a Yankee Bond of $500 with interest at a fixed rate of 4.6% and maturity date on February 15, 2020.

The Company has financing from different institutions under agreements that stipulate different restrictions and covenants, which mainly consist of maximum levels of leverage and capitalization as well as minimum consolidated net worth and debt and interest coverage ratios. As of the date of these consolidated financial statements, the Company was in compliance with all restrictions and covenants contained in its financing agreements.

Note 18. Other Expenses.Expenses, Net

In 2007, FEMSA Cerveza approved a plan to allow certain qualifying personnel to early retire beginning in 2008. The financial impact of this plan as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was Ps. 111 and Ps. 125, respectively, and they were recorded in other expenses as a pension plan amendment (see Note 15).

In 2006, Coca-Cola FEMSA implemented strategic restructuring programs in its commercial operations and recognized costs of Ps. 689, which were recorded in other expenses in the December 2006 consolidated income statement. Such costs consisted of Ps. 556 of severance payments associated with an ongoing benefit arrangement and Ps. 133 of other costs related to the restructuring programs. During 2008, Coca-Cola FEMSA recognized Ps. 88 regarding the strategic restructuring programs, which were recorded in other expenses in the consolidated income statement. Such costs consisted of severance payments updates associated with an ongoing benefit arrangement. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the payments are Ps. 155 and Ps. 522, respectively.

 

   2008  2007  2006 

Employee profit sharing (see Note 4 p)

  Ps.    933   Ps.    553   Ps.    530  

Impairment of long-lived assets (1)

  502   93   208  

Severance payments associated with an ongoing benefit and amendment to pension plan

  346   255   866  

Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss, net (see Note 2 d)

  198   —     —    

Loss on sales of fixed assets

  185   101   59  

Contingencies

  (41 228   117  

Participation in affiliated companies

  13   (154 (11

Other

  238   221   (119
          

Total

  Ps. 2,374   Ps. 1,297   Ps. 1,650  
          
   2011  2010  2009 

Employee profit sharing (see Note 4 R)

  Ps.1,237   Ps. 785   Ps. 1,020  

Gain on sale of shares (see Note 5 B)

   (1  (1,554  (35

Brazil tax amnesty (see Note 23 A)

   —      (179  (311

Vacation provision

   —      —      333  

Disposal of long-lived assets(1)

   703    9    129  

Severance payments associated with an ongoing benefit

   226    583    127  

(Gain) loss on sale of long-lived assets

   (9  215    177  

Donations

   200    195    116  

Contingencies

   146    104    152  

Security taxes from Colombia

   197    29    25  

Other

   218    95    144  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

  Ps.2,917   Ps.282   Ps.1,877  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

(1)Impairment charges regardingCharges related to fixed assets retiredretirement from ordinary operation.operations and other long-lived assets.

Note 19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments.Instruments

The Company uses a three level fair value hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used to measure fair value. The three levels of inputs are described as follows:

 

Level 1:quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

Level 2:inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3:are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs shall be used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The Company measures the fair value of its financial assets and liabilities classified as level 2, applying the income approach method, which estimates the fair value based on expected cash flows discounted to net present value. The following table summarizes financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as of December 31, 2008:2011 and 2010:

 

Level 1Level 2

Cash equivalents

Ps. 4,585

Trust assets

2,752

Derivative financial instruments (asset)

Ps. 1,804

Derivative financial instruments (liability)

4,466

Bank loans

3,110
   2011   2010 
   Level 1   Level 2   Level 1   Level 2 

Cash equivalents

  Ps.17,908      Ps.19,770    

Available-for-sale investments

   330       66    

Pension plan trust assets

   1,991       1,544    

Derivative financial instruments (asset)

    Ps.1,361      Ps.732  

Derivative financial instruments (liability)

     634       694  

The Company does not use inputs classified as level 3 for fair value measurement.

The Company considered its credit risk for fair value measurements and estimates that the net effect on its derivative financial instruments is not material. As a result, the Company has not modified its valuation models as of December 31, 2008.

 

a)Total Debt:

The fair value of bank loans and syndicated loanslong-term debt is determined based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, in which the discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for debt of similar amounts and maturities. The fair value of notes is based on quoted market prices.

 

  2008  2007  2011   2010 

Carrying value

  Ps. 43,858  Ps. 40,029  Ps.29,604    Ps.25,506  

Fair value

   43,709   40,407   30,302     25,451  

 

b)Interest Rate Swaps:

The Company uses interest rate swaps to offset the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings, pursuant to which it pays amounts based on a fixed rate and receives amounts based on a floating rate. These instruments are recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value and have been designated as a cash flowflows hedge. The estimated fair value is based on formal technical models. Changes in fair value were recorded in cumulative other comprehensive income.income until such time as the hedged amount is recorded in earnings.

At December 31, 2008,2011, the Company has the following outstanding interest rate swap agreements:

 

Maturity Date

  Notional
Amount
  Fair Value
Asset
(Liability)
 

2009

  Ps. 1,415  Ps. (28

2010

   862   (75

2011

   1,763   (69

2012

   2,276   (105

2013

   5,245   (23

2014 to 2017

   2,500   16  

The net effect of expired derivative contracts is included in current earnings as an interest expense and amounted to Ps. 212, Ps. 357 and Ps. 334 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Maturity Date

  Notional
Amount
   Fair  Value
Asset
(Liability)
 

2012

  Ps.1,600    Ps.(12

2013

   3,812     (181

2014

   575     (43

2015

   1,963     (184

A portion of certain interest rate swaps do not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently, changes in the estimated fair value of the ineffective portion were recorded in the consolidated results as part of the integral result of financing. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, thecomprehensive financing result.

The net effect of these instrumentsexpired contracts that met hedging criteria is recognized as interest expense as part of the date of the financial statements was a gain of Ps. 24 and Ps. 35 and a loss of Ps. 39, respectively.comprehensive financing result.

c)Forward Agreements to Purchase Foreign Currency:

The Company enteredenters into forward agreements to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the Mexican peso and other currencies. These instruments are recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value which is determined based on prevailing market exchange rates to end the contracts at the end of the period. TheFor contracts that meet hedging criteria, the changes in the fair value are recorded in cumulative other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has forward contractsincome prior to buy foreign currencies with a notional amount of Ps. 1,786. These contracts expire in 2009, and as of December 31, 2008, they have generated an asset of Ps. 458.

As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded net gainsexpiration. Net gain/loss on expired forward contracts of Ps. 115is recognized as part of foreign exchange.

As of December 31, 2008, certain of the Company’s forward agreements to buy U.S. dollars and other currencies did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently,Net changes in the fair value wereof forward agreements that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes are recorded in the consolidated results as part of the integral result of financing.comprehensive financing result. The notional amount of those forward agreements to purchase foreign currency maturing in 2009 is Ps. 544 and they generated a loss of Ps. 225. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the net effect of expired contracts that diddo not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes was a loss of Ps. 643 and a gain of Ps. 22, respectively, includedis recognized as a market value gain (loss) on the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.

 

d)Options to Purchase Foreign Currency:

The Company has entered into a collar strategy to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. A collar is a strategy that limits the exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations in a similar way as a forward agreement.

These instruments are recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value which is determined based on prevailing market exchange rates to terminate the contracts at the end of the period. Changes in the fair value of these options, corresponding to the intrinsic value are initially recorded as part of cumulative other comprehensive income. Changes in the fair value, corresponding to the intrinsic value are recorded in the income statement under the caption “market value gain/loss on the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments,” as part of the consolidated results. Net gain/loss on expired contracts is recognized as part of cost of goods sold.

e)Cross Currency Swaps:

The Company enters into cross currency swaps to reduce its exposure to risks of exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations associated with its borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars and other foreign currencies. These instruments are recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value which is estimated based on formal technical models. ThoseThese contracts are designated as cash flow hedge; consequently, changes in the fair value were recorded as part of cumulative other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has cross currency swap agreements outstanding with a notional amount of Ps. 2,115 and a fair value asset of Ps. 578. Those contracts mature in 2013.

Additionally, the Company has cross currency swaps designated as fair value hedge. As of the end of December 31, 2008, the Company has contracts with a notional amount of Ps. 2,887 which expire in 2017 and a fair value asset of Ps. 333.hedges. The fair value changes related to those cross currency swaps wereare recorded as part of the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of changes related to the long-term liabilityliability.

Net changes in the fair value of current and amounted to a loss of Ps. 1. The net effect of expired contracts as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was recorded as financial expense an amounted to Ps. 178, Ps. 37 and Ps. 72, respectively.

As of December 31, 2008, certain cross currency swaps instrumentscontracts that did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently, changes in the estimated fair valuepurposes are recorded as a gain or gain/loss in the market value on the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments in the consolidated results as part of the integral result of financing. Those contracts with a notional amount of Ps. 2,302 expire in 2011 and 2012 and the net effect changes in the fair value for the year ended December 31, 2008 amounted to Ps. 468 of a gain recorded in the market value on the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments. The net effect of expired contracts that did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes is recorded as a market value loss of Ps. 225, a gain of Ps. 64 and a loss of Ps. 3 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. All effects were recorded as part of the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.comprehensive financing result.

 

e)f)Commodity Price Contracts:

The Company enters into various commodity price contracts to reduce its exposure to the risk of fluctuation in the costs of certain raw material. The fair value is estimated based on the market valuations to the end of the contracts at the date of closing of the period. Changes in the fair value wereare recorded in cumulative other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has commodity price contracts with maturity dates ending in 2009 and 2013, with a notional amount of Ps. 8,755 and had recorded a

The fair value liability of Ps. 2,955. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the net effect of expired commodity price contracts were a gainrecorded in cost of Ps. 17 and losses of Ps. 82 and Ps. 106, respectively, and which were recorded as part of operating income offsettingsales where the related raw material cost.

As of December 31, 2008, certain commodity price contracts did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes; consequently, changes in the estimated fair value are recorded as part of the market value gain (loss) on the ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments within the consolidated income statement. As of the end of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the net effect of those contractshedged item was a loss of Ps. 217 and Ps. 43, respectively. The net effect of expired contracts that do not meet hedging criteria for accounting purposes were losses of Ps. 258 and Ps. 27, as of the end of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.recorded.

 

f)g)Embedded Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company has determined that its leasing contracts denominated in U.S. dollars host embedded derivative financial instruments. The fair value is estimated based on formal technical models. Changes in the fair value were recorded in current earnings in the integralcomprehensive financing result of financing as market value on derivative financial instruments. As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the net effect of embedded derivative financial instruments was losses of Ps. 137, Ps. 9 and Ps. 49, respectively.

h)Notional Amounts and Fair Value of Derivative Instruments that Met Hedging Criteria:

   2011
Notional

Amounts
   Fair Value 
    2011  2010 

CASH FLOWS HEDGE:

     

Assets (Liabilities):

     

Forward agreements

  Ps.2,933    Ps.183(1)  Ps.(16

Options to purchase foreign currency

   1,901     300(1)   —    

Interest rate swaps

   7,950     (420)(3)   (418

Commodity price contracts

   754     (19)(2)   445  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

FAIR VALUE HEDGE:

     

Assets (Liabilities):

     

Cross currency swaps

  Ps.2,500    Ps.860(4)  Ps.717  

(1)Expires in 2012.
(2)Maturity dates in 2012 and 2013.
(3)Maturity dates in 2012 and 2015.
(4)Expires in 2017.

i)Net Effects of Expired Contracts that Met Hedging Criteria:

Types of Derivatives

  Impact in Income
Statement Gain (Loss)
  2011  2010  2009 

Interest rate swaps

  Interest expense  Ps.(120 Ps.(181 Ps.(67

Forward agreements

  Foreign exchange   —      27    —    

Cross currency swaps

  Foreign exchange/

interest expense

   8    2    (32

Commodity price contract

  Cost of sales   257    393    247  

Forward agreements

  Cost of sales   21    —      —    

j)Net Effect of Changes in Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments that Did Not Meet the Hedging Criteria for Accounting Purposes:

Types of Derivatives

  

Impact in Income Statement

 2011  2010  2009 

Interest rate swaps

  Market value gain (loss) on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments Ps. —     Ps.(7 Ps. —    

Forwards for purchase of foreign currency

    —      —      (63

Cross currency swaps

    (146  205    168  

k)Net Effect of Changes in Fair Value of Other Derivative Financial Instruments that Did Not Meet the Hedging Criteria for Accounting Purposes:

Types of Derivatives

  

Impact in Income Statement

  2011  2010  2009 

Embedded derivative financial instruments

  

Market value gain (loss) on ineffective

portion of derivative financial instruments

  Ps.(50 Ps.15   Ps.19  

Others

     37    (1  —    

Note 20. MinorityNon-controlling Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries.Subsidiaries

An analysis of FEMSA’s non-controlling interest in its consolidated subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

 

  2008  2007  2011 2010 

Coca-Cola FEMSA

  Ps.27,575  Ps. 24,380  Ps.57,450(1)  Ps.35,585  

FEMSA Cerveza

   464  679

Other

   35  16   84    80  
        

 

  

 

 
  Ps. 28,074  Ps. 25,075  Ps.57,534   Ps.35,665  
        

 

  

 

 

(1)Includes Ps. 7,828 and Ps. 9,017 for acquisitions through issuance of shares of Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA, respectively (see Note 5 A).

Note 21. Stockholders’ Equity.Equity

At an ordinary stockholders’ meeting of FEMSA held on March 29, 2007, a three-for-one stock split was approved for all of FEMSA’s outstanding stock. Such split took effect on May 25, 2007. Subsequent to the stock split, theThe capital stock of FEMSA is comprised of 2,161,177,770 BD units and 1,417,048,500 B units.

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, the capital stock of FEMSA was comprised of 17,891,131,350 common shares, without par value and with no foreign ownership restrictions. Fixed capital stock amounts to Ps. 300 (nominal value) and the variable capital may not exceed 10 times the minimum fixed capital stock amount.

The characteristics of the common shares are as follows:

 

Series “B” shares, with unlimited voting rights, which at all times must represent a minimum of 51% of total capital stock;

 

Series “L” shares, with limited voting rights, which may represent up to 25% of total capital stock; and

 

Series “D” shares, with limited voting rights, which individually or jointly with series “L” shares may represent up to 49% of total capital stock.

The Series “D” shares are comprised as follows:

 

Subseries “D-L” shares may represent up to 25% of the series “D” shares;

 

Subseries “D-B” shares may comprise the remainder of outstanding series “D” shares; and

 

The non-cumulative premium dividend to be paid to series “D” stockholders will be 125% of any dividend paid to series “B” stockholders.

The Series “B” and “D” shares are linked together in related units as follows:

 

“B units” each of which represents five series “B” shares and which are traded on the BMV;

“BD units” each of which represents one series “B” share, two subseries “D-B” shares and two subseries “D-L” shares, and which are traded both on the BMV and the NYSE;

The Company’s statutes addressed that in May 2008, shares structure established in 1998 would be modified, unlinking subseries “D-B” into “B” shares and unlinking subseries “D-L” into “L” shares.

At an ordinary stockholders’ meeting of FEMSA held on April 22, 2008, it was approved to modify the Company’s statutes in order to preserve the unitary shares structure of the Company established on May 1998, and also to maintain the shares structure established after May 11, 2008.

As of December 31, 20082011 and 2007,2010, FEMSA’s capital stock is comprised as follows:

 

   “B” Units   “BD” Units   Total 

Units

   1,417,048,500     2,161,177,770     3,578,226,270  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Shares:

      

Series “B”

   7,085,242,500     2,161,177,770     9,246,420,270  

Series “D”

   —       8,644,711,080     8,644,711,080  

Subseries “D-B”

   —       4,322,355,540     4,322,355,540  

Subseries “D-L”

   —       4,322,355,540     4,322,355,540  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total shares

   7,085,242,500     10,805,888,850     17,891,131,350  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The net income of the Company is subject to the legal requirement that 5% thereof be transferred to a legal reserve until such reserve equals 20% of capital stock at nominal value. This reserve may not be distributed to stockholders during the existence of the Company, except as a stock dividend. As of December 31, 2008,2011 and 2010, this reserve in FEMSA amounted to Ps. 596 (nominal value).

Retained earnings and other reserves distributed as dividends, as well as the effects derived from capital reductions, are subject to income tax at the rate in effect at the date of distribution, except for restated stockholder contributions and distributions made from consolidated taxable income, denominated “Cuenta de Utilidad Fiscal Neta” (“CUFIN”) or from reinvested consolidated taxable income, denominated “Cuenta de Utilidad Fiscal Neta Reinvertida” (“CUFINRE”).

Dividends paid in excess of CUFIN and CUFINRE are subject to income tax at a grossed-up rate based on the current statutory rate. Since 2003, this tax may be credited against the income tax of the year in which the dividends are paid, and in the following two years against the income tax and estimated tax payments. As of December 31, 2008,2011, FEMSA’s balances of CUFIN amounted to Ps. 47,798.62,925.

At the ordinary stockholders’ meeting of FEMSA held on April 22, 2008,March 25, 2011, stockholders approved dividends of Ps. 0.080790.22940 Mexican pesos (nominal value) per series “B” share and Ps. 0.100990.28675 Mexican pesos (nominal value) per series “D” share that were paid in May 2008.and November, 2011. Additionally, the stockholders approved a reserve for share repurchase of a maximum of Ps. 3,000.3,000.As of December 31, 2011, the Company has not repurchased shares.

At an ordinary stockholders’ meeting of Coca-Cola FEMSA held on April 8, 2008,March 23, 2011, the stockholders approved a dividend of Ps. 9454,358 that was paid in May 2008.on April 27, 2011. The corresponding payment to the minoritynon-controlling interest was Ps. 437.2,017.

As of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 the dividends declared and paid by the Company and Coca-Cola FEMSA were as follows:

   2011   2010   2009 

FEMSA

  Ps. 4,600    Ps. 2,600    Ps. 1,620  

Coca-Cola FEMSA (100% of dividend)

   4,358     2,604     1,344  

Note 22. Net MajorityControlling Interest Income per Share.Share

This represents the net majoritycontrolling interest income corresponding to each share of the Company’s capital stock, computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Additionally, the net income distribution is presented according to the dividend rights of each share series.

As a result of the stock split on May 25, 2007, earnings per share for previously presented periods has been retroactively restated in accordance with Mexican FRS, Bulletin B-14, “Earnings per Share.”

The following presents the computed weighted average number of shares and the distribution of income per share series as of December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006:2009:

 

  Millions of Shares  Millions of Shares 
Series “B”  Series “D” Series “B”   Series “D” 
Number Weighted
Average
  Number Weighted
Average
Number Weighted
Average
   Number Weighted
Average
 

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008

  9,246.42   9,246.42  8,644.71   8,644.71

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009

   9,246.42    9,246.42     8,644.71    8,644.71  
              

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Dividend rights

  1.00     1.25      1.00      1.25   

Allocation of earnings

  46.11   53.89    46.11    53.89 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Note 23. Taxes.Taxes

 

a)Income Tax:

Income tax is computed on taxable income, which differs from net income for accounting purposes principally due to the treatment of the integral result of financing,inflationary effects, the cost of labor liabilities for employee benefits, depreciation and other accounting provisions. TheA tax loss may be carried forward and applied against future taxable income.

As

   Domestic  Foreign 
   2011  2010   2009  2011   2010   2009 

Income before income tax from continuing operations

  Ps. 12,275   Ps. 11,276    Ps. 9,209   Ps. 16,096    Ps. 12,356    Ps. 7,549  

Income tax:

          

Current income tax

   3,744    2,643     2,839    3,817     2,211     2,238  

Deferred income tax

   (173  264     (401  299     553     283  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Domestic income before income tax from continuing operations is presented net of December 31, 2008,dividends received from foreign entities. The income tax paid in foreign countries is compensated with the consolidated income tax paid in Mexico for the period.

   Domestic  Foreign 
   2011   2010  2009  2011   2010   2009 

Income before income tax from discontinued operations

  Ps. —      Ps. 306   Ps. 2,688   Ps. —      Ps. 442    Ps. (456

Income tax:

          

Current income tax

   —       210    1,568    —       92     (45

Deferred income tax

   —       (260  (508  —       —       (2,066)(1) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Application of tax loss carryforwards due to Brazil amnesty adoption.

The statutory income tax rates applicable in the countries where the Company operates, the years in which tax loss carryforwards may be applied and the open periods that remain subject to examination as of December 31, 2011 are as follows:

 

  Statutory
Tax Rate
 Expiration
(Years)
  Open Period
(Years)
  Statutory
Tax Rate
 Expiration
(Years)
   Open Period
(Years)
 

Mexico

  28 10  5   30  10     5  

Guatemala

  31 N/A  4   31  N/A     4  

Nicaragua

  30 3  4   30  3     4  

Costa Rica

  30 3  4   30  3     4  

Panama

  30 5  3   25  5     3  

Colombia

  33 8  2   33  Indefinite     2-5  

Venezuela

  34 3  4   34  3     4  

Brazil

  34 Indefinite  6   34  Indefinite     6  

Argentina

  35 5  5   35  5     5  

The statutory income tax rate in Mexico was 30% for 2011 and 2010, and 28% for 20082009.

In Panama, the statutory income tax rate for 2011, 2010 and 20072009 was 25%, 27.5% and 30%, respectively.

On January 1, 2010, the Mexican Tax Reform was effective. The most important changes related to Mexican Tax Reform 2010 are described as follows: the value added tax rate (IVA) increases from 15% to 16%, an increase in special tax on productions and services from 25% to 26.5%; and the statutory income tax rate changes from 28% in 2009 to 30% for 2010, 2011 and 2012, and then in 2013 and 2014 will decrease to 29% for 2006.and 28%, respectively. Additionally, the Mexican tax reform requires that income tax payments related to consolidation tax benefits obtained since 1999, have to be paid during the next five years beginning on the sixth year when tax benefits were used (see Note 23 C).

In Colombia, tax losses may be carried forward eight yearsfor an indefinite period and they are limited to 25% of the taxable income of each year. Additionally, the statutory tax rate of Colombia decreases from 38.5% in 2006 to 34% in 2007 and 33% in 2008, and the 5% tax imposed on dividends was eliminated in 2006.

In Brazil, tax losses may be carried forward for an indefinite period but cannot be restated and are limited to 30% of the taxable income of each year.

During 2009 and 2010, Brazil adopted new laws providing for certain tax amnesties. The tax amnesty programs offers Brazilian legal entities and individuals an opportunity to pay off their income tax and indirect tax debts under less stringent conditions than would normally apply. The amnesty programs also include a favorable option under which taxpayers may utilize income tax loss carry-forwards (“NOLs”) when settling certain outstanding income tax and indirect tax debts. The Brazilian subsidiary of Coca-Cola FEMSA decided to participate in the amnesty programs allowing it to settle certain previously accrued indirect tax contingencies. During the years ended, December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company de-recognized indirect tax contingency accruals of Ps. 333 and Ps. 433 respectively (see Note 24 C), making payments of Ps. 118 and Ps. 243, recording a credit to other expenses of Ps. 179 and Ps. 311 (see Note 18), reversing previously recorded Brazil valuation allowances against NOL’s in 2009, and recording certain taxes recoverable. During 2011, there were no tax amnesty programs applied by the Company.

b)

Tax on Assets:

Through 2006, the Mexican tax on assets was computed at an annual rate of 1.8% based on the average of certain assets at tax restated value less certain liabilities. On January 1, 2007, the tax on assets rate was reduced from 1.8% to 1.25% and also the deduction of liabilities was eliminated in order to determine the tax to be paid. Since 2008, the tax on assets has disappeared in Mexico and it is replaced by the Business Flat Tax (Impuesto Empresarial a Tasa Única, “IETU”; see Note 23 C). The amounts paid of tax on assets corresponding to previous periods to the IETU introduction, can be creditable against the income tax generated during the period, only if the income tax is higher than the IETU generated in the same period, to the extent equivalent to 10% of the lesser tax on asset paid during 2007, 2006 or 2005.

The operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Colombia and Argentina are also subject to a minimumminumum tax, which is based primarilyprimary on a percentage of assets. Any payments are recoverable in future years, under certain conditions. In Mexico, the Company has recoverable tax on assets generated in years earlier than 2008, which is recognized as recoverable taxes and can be recovered through tax returns (see Note 23 E).

 

c)b)Business Flat Tax (“IETU”):

SinceEffective in 2008, the IETU came into effect in Mexico and replaced the Tax on Assets. IETU functions are similar to an alternative minimum corporate income tax, except that amounts paid cannot be creditable against future income tax

payments. The payable tax will be the higher between the IETU or the income tax liability computed under the Mexican income tax law. The IETU applies to individuals and corporations, including permanent establishments of foreign entities in Mexico, at a rate of 17.5% beginning in 2010. The ratesrate for 2008 and 2009 will be 16.5% andwas 17.0%, respectively.. The IETU is calculated under a cash-flowcash-flows basis, whereby the tax base is determined by reducing cash proceeds with certain deductions and credits. In the case of income derived from export sales, where cash on the receivable has not been collected within 12 months, income will beis deemed received at the end of this 12-month period. In addition, as opposed to ISRMexican income tax which allows for fiscal consolidation, companies that incur IETU are required to file their returns on an individual basis.

Based

The Company has paid corporate income tax since IETU came into effect, and based on its financial projections for purposes of its Mexican tax returns, the Company expects to continue to pay corporate income tax in the future and does not expect to pay IETU. As such, the enactment of IETU didhas not impactaffected the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

d)c)Deferred Income Tax:

Effective January 2008, in accordance with NIF B-10, “Effects of Inflation,” in Mexico the application of inflationary accounting is suspended. However, for taxes purposes, the balance of fixednon monetary assets is restated through the application of National Consumer Price Index (NCPI) of each country. For this reason, the difference between accounting and taxable values will increase, generating a deferred tax.

The impact to deferred income taxestax generated by liabilities (assets) temporary differences are as follows:

 

Deferred Income Taxes

  2008  2007 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

  Ps.(137 Ps.(116

Inventories

   137    385  

Prepaid expenses

   137    120  

Property, plant and equipment

   5,366    5,325  

Investments in shares

   (24)    (7)  

Intangibles and other assets

   (878)    (1,020)  

Labor liabilities

   (735)    (712)  

Derivative financial instruments

   (832)    (72)  

Loss contingencies

   (658)    (568)  

Temporary non-deductible provision

   (1,170)    (710)  

Employee profit sharing payable

   (171)    (165)  

Recoverable tax on assets

   (252)    (375)  

Tax loss carryforwards

   (4,457)    (3,722)  

Valuation allowance for tax loss carryforwards and non-recoverable tax on assets

   3,675    3,360  

Other reserves

   1,152    597  
         

Deferred income taxes, net

   1,153    2,320  

Deferred income taxes asset

   1,247    1,264  
         

Deferred income taxes liability

  Ps.2,400   Ps.3,584  
         

Deferred Income Taxes

  2011  2010 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

  Ps.(107 Ps.(71

Inventories

   (52  37  

Prepaid expenses

   46    75  

Property, plant and equipment

   1,676    1,418  

Investments in shares

   1,830    161  

Other assets

   (701  (458

Amortized intangible assets

   295    197  

Unamortized intangible assets

   2,409    1,769  

Labor liabilities for employee benefits

   (552  (448

Derivative financial instruments

   23    8  

Loss contingencies

   (721  (703

Temporary non-deductible provision

   (935  (999

Employee profit sharing payable

   (200  (125

Tax loss carryforwards

   (633  (988

Deferred tax from exchange of shares of FEMSA Cerveza (see Note 5 B)

   10,099    10,099  

Other reserves

   973    249  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes, net

   13,450    10,221  

Deferred income taxes asset

   461    346  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes liability

  Ps.13,911   Ps.10,567  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The changes in the balance of the net deferred income taxestax liability are as follows:

 

  2008 2007   2011 2010 2009 

Initial balance

  Ps.2,320   Ps. 1,943    Ps.10,221   Ps.(660 Ps.670  

Loss on monetary position

   48    (43

Tax provision for the year

   (2,460  (239

Deferred tax provision for the year

   225    875    (31

Change in the statutory rate

   (99  (58  (87

Deferred tax from the exchange of shares of FEMSA (see Note 5 B)

   —      10,099    —    

Usage of tax losses related to exchange of FEMSA Cerveza (see Note 5 B)

   —      280    —    

Effect of tax loss carryforwards(1)

   —      —      (1,874

Acquisition of subsidiaries

   186    —      —    

Disposal of subsidiaries

   —      (34  —    

Effects in stockholders’ equity:

       

Additional labor liability over unrecognized net transition obligation

   160    (107

Derivative financial instruments

   (722  193     75    75    80  

Cumulative translation adjustment

   1,709    85     2,779    (352  609  

Retained earnings

   23    (38  —    

Deferred tax cancellation due to change in accounting principle

   —      —      (71

Restatement effect of beginning balances

   98    139     40    34    44  

Result of holding non-monetary assets

   —      349  
         

 

  

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.1,153   Ps.2,320    Ps.13,450   Ps.10,221   Ps.(660
         

 

  

 

  

 

 

    
(1)Effect due to 2010 Mexican tax reform, which deferred taxes were reclassified to other current liabilities and other liabilities according to its maturity.

e)d)Provision for the Year:

 

   2008  2007  2006 
    

Current income taxes

  Ps.6,667   Ps. 4,965   Ps. 4,476  

Tax on assets

   —      224    54  

Deferred income taxes

   (2,460  (239  95  

Change in the statutory income tax rate

   —      —      (17
             

Income taxes and tax on assets

  Ps.4,207   Ps.4,950   Ps.4,608  
             
   2011  2010  2009 

Current income taxes

  Ps.7,561   Ps.4,854   Ps.5,077  

Deferred income tax

   225    875    (31

Change in the statutory rate

   (99  (58  (87
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income taxes

  Ps.7,687   Ps.5,671   Ps.4,959  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

f)e)Tax Loss Carryforwards and Recoverable Tax on Assets:

The subsidiaries in Mexico Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil have tax loss carryforwards and/or recoverable tax on assets. The aggregate amountstaxes effect net of such futureconsolidation benefits and their years of expiration are as follows:

 

Year

  Tax Loss
Carryforwards
  Recoverable
Tax on Assets
  Tax Loss
Carryforwards
 Current
Recoverable
Tax on
Assets
 

2009

  Ps.2  Ps.—  

2010

   —     2

2011

   —     2

2012

   1   14  Ps.—     Ps.—    

2013

   4   13   —      12  

2014

   101   25   —      50  

2015

   109   1   —      4  

2016

   —     31   13    50  

2017 and thereafter

   1,259   164

No expiration (Brazil, see Note 23 a)

   12,006   —  

2017

   —      63  

2018

   629    —    

2019 and thereafter

   1,147    —    

No expiration (Brazil, see Note 23 A)

   342    —    
  

 

  

 

 
   2,131    179  

Tax losses used in consolidation

   (1,443  (135
        

 

  

 

 
  Ps. 13,482  Ps. 252  Ps.688   Ps.44  
        

 

  

 

 

The changes in the balance of tax loss carryforwards and recoverable tax on assets, excluding discontinued operations are as follows:

   2011  2010 

Initial balance

  Ps.803   Ps.1,425  

Additions

   60    18  

Usage of tax losses

   (140  (600

Translation effect of beginning balances

   9    (40
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.732   Ps.803  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

DueAs of December 31, 2011 and 2010, there is no valuation allowance recorded due to the uncertainty related to the realization of certain tax loss carryforwards and recoverable tax on assets, Ps. 10,241 and Ps. 193, respectively, a valuation allowance has been recorded to reduce the deferred income tax asset associated with such carryforwards. The changes in the valuation allowance and non-recovered tax on asset, which reduce the related deferred tax asset, are as follows:assets.

   2008  2007 

Initial balance

  Ps. 3,360   Ps. 3,630  

Provision

  690   321  

Usage of tax losses carryforwards

  (213 (428

Restatement of the initial balance

  (162 (163
       

Ending balance

  Ps. 3,675   Ps. 3,360  
       

 

g)f)Reconciliation of Mexican Statutory Income Tax Rate to Consolidated Effective Income Tax Rate:

 

   2008  2007  2006 
    

Mexican statutory income tax rate

  28.0 28.0 29.0

Difference between book and tax inflationary effects

  (2.2)%  (1.1)%  (0.1)% 

Non-deductible expenses

  3.3 1.7 3.3

Difference between statutory income taxes rates

  2.5 1.7 1.2

Change in Mexican income tax rate

  —     —     0.1

Non-taxable income

  (1.0)%  —     (1.5)% 

Other

  0.6 (1.0)%  (0.2)% 
          
  31.2 29.3 31.8
          
   2011  2010  2009 

Mexican statutory income tax rate

   30.0  30.0  28.0

Difference between book and tax inflationary effects

   (3.6)%   (3.9)%   (1.8)% 

Difference between statutory income tax rates

   1.2  1.2  2.4

Non-taxable income

   (0.3)%   (2.4)%   (0.2)% 

Others

   (0.2)%   (0.9)%   1.2
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   27.1  24.0  29.6
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Note 24. Other Liabilities, Contingencies and Commitments.Commitments

 

a)Other Current Liabilities:

   2011   2010 

Derivative financial instruments

  Ps.69    Ps.41  

Sundry creditors

   2,116     1,681  

Current portion of other long-term liabilities

   197     276  

Others

   15     37  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  Ps.2,397    Ps.2,035  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

b)Contingencies and Other Liabilities:

   2011  2010 

Contingencies(1)

  Ps.2,764   Ps.2,712  

Taxes payable

   480    872  

Derivative financial instruments

   565    653  

Current portion of other long-term liabilities

   (197  (276

Others

   1,148    1,435  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

  Ps.4,760   Ps.5,396  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)As of December 31, 2010 included Ps. 560 of tax loss contingencies regarding indemnification accorded with Heineken over FEMSA Cerveza, prior tax contingencies, of which Ps. 113 were recognized as other current liabilities and Ps. 2 were cancelled as of December 31, 2011.

c)Contingencies Recorded in the Balance Sheet:

The Company has various loss contingencies, and reserves have been recorded in those cases where the Company believes an unfavorable resolution is probable. Most of these loss contingencies were recorded as a result of recent business acquisitions. The following table presents the nature and amount of the loss contingencies recorded as of December 31, 2008:2011:

 

   Total

TaxIndirect tax

  Ps. 1,4791,405

Labor

  1,0101,128

Legal

  256231
  

 

Total

  Ps. 2,7452,764
  

 

Changes in the Balance of Contingencies Recorded:

b)Changes in the Balance of Contingencies Recorded:

 

   2008  2007  2006 
    

Initial balance

  Ps. 2,642   Ps. 3,239   Ps. 2,646  

Provision(1)

  1,231   367   6,355  

Penalties and other charges

  50   147   183  

Cancellation

  (690 (932 (1,712

Payments

  (572 (278 (4,673

Restatement of the initial balance

  84   99   440  
          

Ending balance

  Ps. 2,745   Ps. 2,642   Ps. 3,239  
          

   2011  2010 

Initial balance

  Ps.2,712   Ps.2,467  

Provision

   356    716  

Penalties and other charges

   277    376  

Cancellation and expiration

   (359  (205

Payments(1)

   (288  (211

Amnesty adoption

   —      (333

Translation of foreign currency of beginning balance

   66    (98
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.2,764   Ps.2,712  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 (1)Includes contingencies relatedInclude Ps. 113 reclassified to KAISER acquisition in 2006 of Ps. 3,157 and from REMIL acquisition in 2008 of Ps. 607, recorded through purchase accounting.other current liabilities.

 

c)d)Unsettled Lawsuits:

The Company has entered into legal proceedings with its labor unions, tax authorities and other parties that primarily involve Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza.FEMSA. These proceedings have resulted in the ordinary course of business and are common to the industry in which the Company operates. The aggregate amount being claimed against the Company resulting from such proceedings as of December 31, 20082011 is $465.Ps. 6,781. Such contingencies were classified by legal counsel as less than

probable but more than remote of being settled against the Company. However, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of such legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or result of operations.

In recent years in its Mexican, Costa Rican and Brazilian territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Cerveza havehas been requested to present certain information regarding possible monopolistic practices. These requests are commonly generated in the ordinary course of business in the beer and soft drink industriesindustry where those subsidiaries operate.this subsidiary operates. The Company does not expect any significant liability to arise from these contingencies.

 

d)e)Collateralized Contingencies:

As is customary in Brazil, the Company has been requested by the tax authorities to collateralize tax contingencies currently in litigation amounting to Ps. 2,5942,418 by pledging fixed assets and entering into available lines of credit which cover such contingencies.

 

e)f)Commitments:

As of December 31, 2008,2011, the Company has contractual commitments for finance leases for machinery and transport equipment (see Note 17) and operating lease commitments for the rental of production machinery and equipment, distribution equipment, computer equipment and land for FEMSA Comercio’s operations.

The contractual maturities of the operating lease commitments by currency, expressed in Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2008,2011, are as follows:

 

   Mexican
Pesos
  U.S.
Dollars
  Other

2009

  Ps.1,458  Ps. 1,604  Ps.74

2010

   1,378   102   77

2011

   1,295   59   21

2012

   1,215   59   —  

2013

   1,121   40   —  

2014 and thereafter

   6,403   206   —  
            

Total

  Ps. 12,870  Ps.2,070  Ps. 172
            
   Mexican
pesos
   U.S.
dollars
   Other 

2012

  Ps.2,370    Ps.113    Ps.203  

2013

   2,246     110     107  

2014

   2,134     100     80  

2015

   2,018     161     10  

2016

   1,896     712     8  

2017 and thereafter

   11,324     —       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  Ps.21,988    Ps.1,196    Ps.408  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Rental expense charged to operations amounted to approximately Ps. 2,000,3,249 Ps. 1,7132,602 and Ps. 1,5432,255 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

Note 25. Information by Segment.Segment

AnalyticalThe Company restructured the segment information by segment is presented considering the geographic areas in which we operate and is presented accordingdisclosed to the information used for decision makingits main authority of the administration.entity to focus on income from operations and cash flow from operations before changes in working capital and provisions (see Note 4 Z). Therefore segment disclosures for prior periods have been reclassified for comparison purposes.

a) By Business Unit:

 

a)By Business Unit:

2011

  Coca-Cola
FEMSA
  FEMSA
Comercio
  CB
Equity
  Other (1)  Consolidation
Adjustments
  Consolidated 

Total revenues

  Ps.124,715   Ps.74,112   Ps.—     Ps.13,373   Ps.(9,156 Ps.203,044  

Intercompany revenue

   2,099    2    —      7,055    (9,156  —    

Income from operations

   20,152    6,276    (7  483    —      26,904  

Other expenses, net

        (2,917

Interest expense

   (1,736  (1,026  —      (535  363    (2,934

Interest income

   601    12    7    742    (363  999  

Other net finance expenses (2)

        1,152  

Equity method from associates

   86    —      5,080    1    —      5,167  

Income taxes

   (5,599  (556  (267  (1,265  —      (7,687
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

        20,684  

Depreciation(3)

   4,163    1,175    —      160    —      5,498  

Amortization and non-cash operating expenses

   683    707    —      166    —      1,556  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from operations before changes in working capital and provisions(4)

   24,998    8,158    (7  809    —      33,958  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Investment in associates and joint ventures

   3,656    —      75,075    241    —      78,972  

Long-term assets

   119,534    16,593    75,075    9,641    (5,106  215,737  

Total assets

   151,608    26,998    76,791    28,220    (8,913  274,704  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Disposals of long-lived assets

   484    211    —      8    —      703  

Capital expenditures, net(5)

   7,826    4,096    —      593    —      12,515  

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

   15,307    7,403    (93  (373  —      22,244  

Net cash flows (used in) provided by investment activities

   (14,140  (4,083  1,668    (1,535  —      (18,090

Net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities

   (2,206  313    —      (5,029  —      (6,922
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

2008

  Coca-Cola
FEMSA
  FEMSA
Cerveza
  FEMSA
Comercio
  Other (1)  Consolidation
Adjustments
  Consolidated 

Total revenue

  Ps. 82,976   Ps. 42,385   Ps. 47,146   Ps. 9,401   Ps. (13,886 Ps. 168,022  

Intercompany revenue

   1,021    5,534    10   7,321    (13,886  —    

Income from operations

   13,695    5,394    3,077   518    —      22,684  

Depreciation(2)

   3,036    1,748    663   136    (75)    5,508  

Amortization

   240    1,871    422   27    —      2,560  

Other non-cash charges(3) (4)

   145    634    46   105    —      930  

Impairment of long-lived assets

   371    124    —     7    —      502  

Interest expense

   2,207    2,318    665   1,061    (1,321)    4,930  

Interest income

   433    477    27   982    (1,321)    598  

Income taxes

   2,486    1,037    351   333    —      4,207  

Capital expenditures

   4,802    6,418    2,720   294    —      14,234  

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   12,880    4,831    2,121   3,232    —      23,064  

Net cash flows used in investment activities

   (8,263  (5,928  (2,718 (1,151  —      (18,060

Net cash flow (used in) financing activities

   (5,038  480    870   (2,472  —      (6,160
                        

Long-term assets

   79,966    52,058    10,888   10,188    (7,077  146,023  

Total assets

   97,958    65,549    17,185   15,599    (11,251  185,040  
                        

 (1)Includes other companies (see Note 1) and corporate.
 (2)Includes foreign exchange loss, net; gain on monetary position, net; and market value loss on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.
(3)Includes bottle breakage.
 (3)(4)Equivalent to non-cash operating expenses as presented in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.Income from operations plus depreciation and amortization.
 (4)(5)Includes the cost for the period related to labor liabilities (see Note 15 d)acquisitions and participation in associated companies.disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other assets.

 

2007

  Coca-Cola
FEMSA
  FEMSA
Cerveza
  FEMSA
Comercio
  Other (1)  Consolidation
Adjustments
 Consolidated

Total revenue

  Ps. 69,251  Ps. 39,566  Ps. 42,103  Ps. 8,124  Ps. (11,488 Ps. 147,556

2010

  Coca-Cola
FEMSA
 FEMSA
Comercio
 CB
Equity
 Other (1) Consolidation
Adjustments
 Consolidated 

Total revenues

   Ps. 103,456    Ps. 62,259    Ps. —      Ps. 12,010    Ps. (8,023  Ps. 169,702  

Intercompany revenue

  864   4,256  16  6,352  (11,488 —     1,642    2    —      6,379    (8,023  —    

Income from operations

  11,486   5,497  2,320  433  —     19,736   17,079    5,200    (3  253    —      22,529  

Depreciation(2)

  2,637   1,637  543  113  —     4,930

Amortization

  241   1,786  399  39  —     2,465

Non-cash charges(4)

  173   426  28  90  —     717

Impairment of long-lived assets

  —     91  —    2  —     93

Other expenses, net

        (282

Interest expense

  2,178   2,196  453  1,031  (1,137 4,721   (1,748  (917  —      (951  351    (3,265

Interest income

  613   342  38  913  (1,137 769   285    25    2    1,143    (351  1,104  

Other net finance expenses(2)

        8  

Equity method from associates

   217    —      3,319    2    —      3,538  

Income taxes

  3,336   888  377  349  —     4,950   (4,260  (499  (208  (704  —      (5,671

Capital expenditures

  3,682   5,373  2,112  90  —     11,257
                    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

        17,961  

Depreciation(3)

   3,333    990    —      204    —      4,527  

Amortization and non-cash operating expenses

   610    607    —      144    —      1,361  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Cash flows from operations before changes in working capital and provisions(4)

   21,022    6,797    (3  601    —      28,417  
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Investment in associates and joint ventures

   2,108    —      66,478    207    —      68,793  

Long-term assets

  69,717   50,562  9,057  12,686  (9,712 132,310   87,625    14,655    66,478    4,785    (1,425  172,118  

Total assets

  87,178   65,539  14,284  18,743  (19,949 165,795   114,061    23,677    67,010    27,705    (8,875  223,578  
                    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Disposals of long-lived assets

   7    —      —      2    —      9  

Capital expenditures, net(5)

   7,478    3,324    —      369    —      11,171  

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

   14,350    6,704    —      (3,252  —      17,802  

Net cash flows (used in) provided by investment activities

   (6,845  (3,288  553    15,758    —      6,178  

Net cash flows used in financing activities

   (2,011  (819  (504  (7,162  —      (10,496
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

2006

                  

Total revenue

  Ps. 64,046  Ps. 37,919  Ps. 36,835  Ps. 7,966  Ps. (10,646 Ps. 136,120

Intercompany revenue

  722  3,911  13  6,000  (10,646 —  

Income from operations

  10,293  6,210  1,667  467  —     18,637

Depreciation(2)

  2,595  1,818  431  110  —     4,954

Amortization

  253  2,018  363  36  —     2,670

Other non-cash charges(4)

  143  238  15  88  —     484

Impairment of long-lived assets

  79  121  —    8  —     208

Interest expense

  2,294  1,735  405  561  (526 4,469

Interest income

  383  228  53  654  (526 792

Income taxes

  2,555  1,476  360  217  —     4,608

Capital expenditures

  2,863  4,419  1,943  197  —     9,422

 (1)Includes other companies (see Note 1) and corporate.

 (2)Includes foreign exchange loss, net; gain on monetary position, net; and market value gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.
(3)Includes bottle breakage.
 (4)Income from operations plus depreciation and amortization.
(5)Includes acquisitions and disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other assets.

2009

  Coca-Cola
FEMSA
  FEMSA
Comercio
  Other (1)  Consolidation
Adjustments
  Consolidated 

Total revenues

   Ps. 102,767    Ps. 53,549    Ps. 10,991    Ps. (7,056  Ps. 160,251  

Intercompany revenue

   1,277    2    5,777    (7,056  —    

Income from operations

   15,835    4,457    838    —      21,130  

Other expenses, net

       (1,877

Interest expense

   (1,895  (954  (1,594  432    (4,011

Interest income

   286    27    1,324    (432  1,205  

Other net finance expenses(2)

       179  

Equity method from associates

   142    —      (10  —      132  

Income taxes

   (4,043  (544  (372  —      (4,959
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated net income before discontinued operations

       11,799  

Depreciation(3)

   3,472    819    100    —      4,391  

Amortization and non-cash operating expenses

   438    511    162    —      1,111  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from operations before changes in working capital and provisions(4)

   19,745    5,787    1,100    —      26,632  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Disposals of long-lived assets

   124    —      5    —      129  

Capital expenditures, net(5)

   6,282    2,668    153    —      9,103  

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   16,663    4,339    1,742    —      22,744  

Net cash flows (used in) provided by investment activities

   (8,900  (2,634  158    —      (11,376

Net cash flows used in financing activities

   (6,029  (346  (1,514  —      (7,889
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)Includes other companies (see Note 1) and corporate.
(2)Includes foreign exchange loss, net, gain on monetary position, net and market value gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments.
(3)Equivalent to non-cash operating expenses as presented in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.Includes bottle breakage.
 (4)Income from operations plus depreciation and amortization.
(5)Includes the cost for the period related to labor liabilities (see Note 15 d)acquisitions and participation in associated companies.disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other assets.

 

b)By Geographic Area:

Beginning in 2008,Geographic disclosures begin with the country level, with the exception of Central America which had been considered a geography by itself. Prior to 2011, the Company aggregated countries into the following geographies for the purposes of its consolidated financial statements: (i) Mexico, (ii) Latincentro, which aggregated Colombia and Central America, (iii) Venezuela (iv) Mercosur, which aggregated Brazil and Argentina, and (v) Europe.

During August 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA changed certain aspects of its business structure and organization. In order to align the Company’s geographic reporting with Coca-Cola FEMSA’s new internal structure, the Company has decided to better align disclosures tochange the way the business is geographically managed. As a result the Company’s operations are grouped inaggregation of its countries into the following divisions:geographies for consolidated financial statement purposes: (i) Mexico division; (ii) Latincentro division, which is comprised of the territories operated inand Central America division (comprising the following countries: Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaraga, Costa Rica and Colombia;Panama), (ii) the South America division (comprising the following countries: Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela and Argentina) and (iii) Venezuela; and (iv) Mercosur division, which is comprised of the territories operated in Brazil and Argentina. Segment information from 2007 and 2006 was regrouped for consistency with the presentation for 2008.

Europe division. Venezuela operates in an economy with exchange controls and hyper-inflation; and as a result, BulletinNIF B-5 “Information by Segments” does not allow its integrationaggregation into another geographicalthe South America segment. The Company is of the view that the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the aggregated operating segments are similar in nature for all periods presented.

Geographic disclosures for prior periods have been reclassified for comparison purposes.

 

2008

  Total
Revenue
  Capital
Expenditures
  Long-Lived
Assets
  Total
Assets
 

Mexico

  Ps. 114,640   Ps. 11,032  Ps. 102,486  Ps. 136,516  

Latincentro(1)

  12,853   1,209  16,833  21,284  

Venezuela

  15,217   715  6,883  9,817  

Mercosur(2)

  25,755   1,278  19,821  27,815  

Consolidation adjustments

  (443 —    —    (10,392
             

Consolidated

  Ps. 168,022   Ps. 14,234  Ps. 146,023  Ps. 185,040  
             

2011

  Total
Revenue
  Capital
Expenditures,
Net(3)
   Investments
in Associates
and Joint
Ventures
   Long-Lived
Assets
   Total Assets 

Mexico and Central America(1)

   Ps. 130,256    Ps. 8,409     Ps. 2,458     Ps. 101,380     Ps. 139,741  

South America(2)

   53,113    3,461     1,438     31,430     47,182  

Venezuela

   20,173    645     1     7,852     12,717  

Europe

   —      —       75,075     75,075     76,791  

Consolidation adjustments

   (498  —       —       —       (1,727
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated

   Ps. 203,044    Ps. 12,515     Ps. 78,972     Ps. 215,737     Ps. 274,704  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2010

                   

Mexico and Central America(1)

   Ps. 111,769    Ps. 6,796     Ps. 1,019     Ps. 72,116     Ps. 109,508  

South America(2)

   44,468    3,870     1,295     28,055     40,584  

Venezuela

   14,048    505     1     5,469     7,882  

Europe

   —      —       66,478     66,478     67,010  

Consolidation adjustments

   (583  —       —       —       (1,406
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated

   Ps. 169,702    Ps. 11,171     Ps. 68,793     Ps. 172,118     Ps. 223,578  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

2009

                   

Mexico and Central America(1)

   Ps. 101,023    Ps. 5,870        

South America(2)

   37,507    1,980        

Venezuela

   22,448    1,253        

Consolidation adjustments

   (727  —          
  

 

 

  

 

 

       

Consolidated

   Ps. 160,251    Ps. 9,103        
  

 

 

  

 

 

       

 (1)IncludesCentral America includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Panama and Colombia.Panama. Domestic (Mexico only) revenues were Ps. 122,690, Ps. 105,448 and Ps. 94,819 during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Domestic (Mexico only) long-term assets were Ps. 94,076 and Ps. 64,310 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 (2)IncludesSouth America includes Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Argentina.

2007

  Total
Revenue
  Capital
Expenditures
  Long-Lived
Assets
  Total Assets 

Mexico

  Ps. 106,136   Ps. 9,137   Ps. 98,302  Ps. 120,965  

Latincentro(1)

  11,901   971   13,739  18,268  

Venezuela

  9,792   (9 4,155  6,364  

Mercosur(2)

  20,127   1,158   16,114  24,149  

Consolidation adjustments

  (400 —     —    (3,951
             

Consolidated

  Ps. 147,556   Ps. 11,257   Ps. 132,310  Ps. 165,795  
             

2006

  Total
Revenue
  Capital
Expenditures

Mexico

  Ps.99,310   Ps.7,807

Latincentro(1)

   11,148    663

Venezuela

   7,997    222

Mercosur(2)

   17,836    730

Consolidation adjustments

   (171  —  
        

Consolidated

  Ps. 136,120   Ps. 9,422
        

 

   
(1)Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, PanamaVenezuela, although Venezuela is shown separately above. South America revenues include Brazilian revenues of Ps. 31,405, Ps. 27,070 and Colombia.Ps. 21,465 during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Brazilian long-term assets were Ps. 15,618 and Ps. 14,410 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. South America revenues also include Colombian revenues of Ps. 12,320, Ps. 11,057 and Ps. 9,904 during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Colombian long-term assets were Ps. 12,855 and Ps. 11,176 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 (2)(3)Includes Brazilacquisitions and Argentina.disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other assets.

Note 26. Differences Between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP.GAAP

As discussed in Note 2, the consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with Mexican FRS, which differs in certain significant respects from authoritative U.S. GAAP. accounting and reporting standards. Included in this Note and Note 27 are references to certain principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) Codifications (“ASC”) that have been adopted by the Company.

A reconciliation of the reported net income, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income to U.S. GAAP is presented in Note 27. It should be noted that this reconciliation to U.S. GAAP does not include the reversal of the restatement of the financial statements as required by NIF B-10, “Inflation Effects” of Mexican FRS.

The application of NIF B-10 represents a comprehensive measure of the effects of price-level changes in inflationary economic environments.

The principal differences between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP included in the reconciliation that affect the consolidated financial statements of the Company are described below.

 

a)Consolidation of Coca-Cola FEMSA:

UnderThe Company consolidates its investment in Coca-Cola FEMSA under Mexican FRS, the Company consolidates Coca-Cola FEMSA since it owns a majority of the outstanding voting capital stock and exercises control over the operations of Coca-Cola FEMSA in the ordinary course of business in accordance with the requirements of Mexican Bulletin B-8 “Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Valuation of Long-Term Investments in Shares.” Pursuant to BulletinShares” through 2008 and revised NIF B-8 Coca-Cola FEMSA meets“Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements” beginning in 2009 as disclosed in Note 2 M.

For U.S. GAAP purposes, the criteriaexistence of a subsidiary for consolidation as FEMSA holds more than 50% of Coca-Cola FEMSA’s outstanding voting stock and has not yielded control to a minority shareholder. Bulletin B-8 establishes that control has been yielded when a minority shareholder obtains:

Control over more than 50% of the voting rights through a formal agreement with other shareholders;

The power derived from by-laws or formal agreement by shareholders to govern the operating and financial policies of a company;

The power to appoint or remove a majority of the Board of Directors or any organization that governs the operating and financial policies of the company; or

The power to decide the majority of the votes of the Board of Directors.

No minority shareholder of Coca-Cola FEMSA has obtained any of the rights described above.

The shareholder agreement grants The Coca-Cola Company substantive participating rights. The affirmative vote of two Directors appointed by The Coca-Cola Company is, with limited exceptions, required for matters considered by the Board of Directors, including the designation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the annual business plan, capital investment plan and asset disposals, mergers, acquisitions or sales of any line of business. Under Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 96-16 “Investor’s accounting for an investee when the investor owns a majority of the voting stock but the minority shareholders have certain approval or veto rights” such approval and veto rights held by Thethe Coca-Cola Company qualify(non-controlling interest), as substantive participating rights and therefore doaddressed in the shareholder agreement, did not allow FEMSA to consolidate Coca-Cola FEMSA in its financial statements for U.S. GAAP purposes.statements. Therefore, FEMSA’s investment in Coca-Cola FEMSA is recordedhad been accounted for by applying the equity method in FEMSA’s consolidated financial statement under U.S. GAAP for the year ended December 31, 2009.

As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of FEMSA’s investment in Coca-Cola FEMSA represented by 992,078,519 shares equivalent to 53.7% of its outstanding shares amounted to Ps. 85,135 based on quoted market prices of that date.

Coca-Cola FEMSA’s summarized consolidated income statement under U.S. GAAP is presented as follows for the year ended December 31, 2009:

Consolidated Income Statements

2009

Total revenues

Ps. 100,393

Income from operations

14,215

Income before income taxes

12,237

Income taxes

3,525

Consolidated net income

8,853

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest

(446)

Net income attributable to the controlling interest

8,407

Consolidated comprehensive income

10,913

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to the non-controlling interest

(592

Consolidated comprehensive income attributable to the controlling interest

Ps. 10,321

On February 1, 2010, FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company signed an amendment to their shareholder’s agreement. This amendment allowed FEMSA to continue to consolidate Coca-Cola FEMSA for Mexican FRS purposes during 2009, because the Company has maintained control over its operating and financial policies. As a result of the modifications to the shareholder’s agreement, substantive participating rights held by The Coca-Cola Company were amended and became protective rights. As a result of the modifications made to the shareholders’ agreement, which provided control to the Company over Coca-Cola FEMSA, the Company recognized a business combination without transfer of consideration in order to comply with ASC 805 and beginning February 1, 2010 started to consolidate Coca-Cola FEMSA for U.S. GAAP purposes.

The Company estimated the total fair value of the interest acquired in Coca-Cola FEMSA to be Ps. 148,110 based on Coca-Cola FEMSA’s outstanding shares price quoted in the NYSE of Ps. 80.21 (level 1 information) as of February 1, 2010. As a result of a business combination without transfer of consideration, the Company recognized a gain in other income in the consolidated income statements under U.S. GAAP.GAAP which amounted to Ps. 39,847. This gain represents the difference between the book value and the fair value of the interest acquired in Coca-Cola FEMSA as of the date of the control acquisition and is reported in “other income, net.”

BeginningAs of the acquisition date and based on the purchase price allocation, the Company identified intangible assets with indefinite lives consisting of distribution rights of Ps. 113,434 and depreciable long-lived assets that amounted to Ps. 27,409. The Company also recognized goodwill of Ps. 41,761 as part of this transaction. The goodwill recognized with our control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA is primarily related to synergistic value created from having an unified operating system that will strategically position us to better market and distribute our beverage brands in 2008,Mexico, Central America, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Argentina.

The fair value of all Coca-Cola FEMSA net assets acquired by the Company is as follows:

Total current assets

Ps. 19,874

Property, plant and equipment

31,431

Distribution rights

113,434

Other long-term assets

5,548

Total current liabilities

19,054

Total long-term liabilities

40,156

Total liabilities

59,210

Net assets acquired

111,077

Goodwill

41,761

Total fair value of Coca-Cola FEMSA

152,838

Fair value of the Non-controlling Interest in the subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA(1)

4,728

Fair value of the Non-controlling Interest of FEMSA in Coca-Cola FEMSA(2)

68,535

Fair value of the Controlling Interest acquired in Coca-Cola FEMSA

79,575

(1)The fair value of the non-controlling interest in the subsidiaries of Coca-Cola FEMSA was estimated using the market approach.
(2)The fair value of the non-controlling interest of FEMSA in Coca-Cola FEMSA was estimated using the market approach. The main input used to estimate fair value was share prices quoted in the Mexican Stock Exchange.

After acquisition date for the year ended December 31, 2010, additional depreciation and amortization of identified assets net of deferred income tax recognized in the Consolidated Income Statement were an amount of Ps. 661.

The Company recognized within its consolidated income statement revenues of Ps. 95,839 and a net income of Ps. 9,734 for the year ended December 31, 2010, for the eleven months of operations related to Coca-Cola FEMSA after the acquisition date.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data

The following unaudited consolidated pro forma financial data represents the Company’s historical financial statements, adjusted to give effect to (i) the acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA mentioned in the preceding paragraphs; (ii) certain accounting adjustments related mainly to the depreciation of the step-up adjustment for fixed assets acquired, (iii) eliminating the gain on the acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

The unaudited pro forma adjustments assume that the acquisition was made at the beginning of the year immediately preceding the year of acquisition and are based upon available information and other assumptions that management considers reasonable. The pro forma financial information data does not purport to represent what the effect on the Company’s consolidated operations would have been, had the transactions in fact occurred at the beginning of each year, nor are they intended to predict the Company’s future results of operations.

   FEMSA unaudited pro  forma
consolidated results for the years
ended December 31,
 
   2010(2)   2009(2) 

Total revenues

   184,336     195,090  

Income before taxes(1)

   47,607     18,924  

Net income(1)

   32,543     15,022  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)In 2010 includes gain on the FEMSA Cerveza exchange.
(2)Does not include gain due to Coca-Cola FEMSA’s control acquisition.

b)Exchange of FEMSA Cerveza and Acquisition of 20% Economic Interest in Heineken:

As explained in Note 5 B i), on April 30, 2010, FEMSA exchanged 100% of its shares in FEMSA Cerveza for a 20% economic interest in Heineken Group. According to Mexican FRS, the disposal of FEMSA Cerveza has been accounted as a discontinued operation.

For U.S. GAAP purposes, FEMSA Cerveza has not been accounted for as a discontinued operation, given the significant cash flows that continue to be exchanged between FEMSA’s ongoing operations and those of the disposed entity. As a result, the disposition was accounted for as a sale of a group of assets and classified within continuing operations in the consolidated financial statements under U.S. GAAP, and not as the disposal of a component of FEMSA. As such, the Company’s Mexican FRS consolidated income statements have reported FEMSA Cerveza’s results of operations prior to the April 30, 2010 exchange in one line item (discontinued operations). For U.S. GAAP purposes it continues to fully consolidate its line by line results prior to the exchange. See Note 5 B i) for summarized FEMSA Cerveza financial statements for dates and periods prior to April 30, 2010 under Mexican FRS.

The acquisition of the 20% economic interest in Heineken has been accounted for taking into consideration closing prices of Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. as of the acquisition date (see Note 5 B i) As of April 30, 2010, under U.S. GAAP, the Company recognized a gain of Ps. 27,132 within other income in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, which represents the difference between the book value of its interest in FEMSA Cerveza and the acquisition value of Heineken recorded at the exchange date. The basis of the assets and liabilities under U.S. GAAP of FEMSA Cerveza at the exchange date was different from the basis of such assets and liabilities under Mexican FRS, additionally the goodwill of Ps. 10,600 allocated to FEMSA Cerveza was cancelled as part of this transaction (see Note 26 M); accordingly, the gain recorded on disposal under U.S. GAAP differs from that under Mexican FRS. The deferred income tax for U.S. GAAP purposes amounted to Ps. 10,099.

For subsequent accounting, the Company recognizes its investment in Heineken for purposes of Mexican FRS under the equity method after reconciling Heineken’s net income and comprehensive income from IFRS to Mexican FRS, as a result of discontinuingits ability to exercise significant influence over its operating and financial policies as disclosed in Note 5 B i). However, for purposes of U.S. GAAP, the Company recognizes its investment in Heineken based on the cost method because it was unable to obtain the required information to reconcile Heineken’s net income to U.S. GAAP on an accurate and reliable basis.

c)Restatement of Prior Year Financial Statements for Inflationary Effects:

As a result of discontinued inflationary accounting in 2008 for Coca-Cola FEMSA’s subsidiaries that operteoperate in non-inflationary economic environments, the Company’s financial statements are no longer considered to be presented in a reporting currency that comprehensively includes the effects of price level changes; therefore, the inflationary effects of inflation generated beginninginflationary economic environments arising in 20082009, 2010 and 2011 result in a difference to be reconciled for U.S. GAAP purposes. The equity method of Coca-Cola FEMSA recorded by FEMSA as of January 31, 2010 and December 31, 20082009 considers this difference.

As ofdifference, as well as the consolidated net income for the eleven months ended on December 31, 20082010 and 2007, fair valuethe consolidated net income for the full year ended on December 31, 2011, regarding inflationary effects of FEMSA’s investmentArgentina, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, inflationary economies according to MFRS in which Coca-Cola FEMSA represented by 992,078,519 equivalent to 53.7% for both years,operates. Inflationary effects of its outstanding shares, amounted to Ps. 59,706 and Ps. 53,123 based on quoted market pricesVenezuela are not reconcilied because is accounted as of those dates.

Summarized consolidated balance sheets and income statements under U.S. GAAP are presented as follows as of December 31:

Consolidated Balance Sheets

  2008  2007

Current assets

  Ps. 18,685  Ps. 18,065

Property, plant and equipment

   27,969   22,968

Other assets

   51,320   47,550
        

Total assets

  Ps.97,974  Ps.88,583
        

Current liabilities

  Ps.21,345  Ps.16,245

Long-term liabilities

   20,161   21,213
        

Total liabilities

   41,506   37,458

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

   1,707   1,653

Stockholders’ equity

   54,761   49,472
        

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  Ps.97,974  Ps.88,583
        

Consolidated Income Statements

  2008  2007  2006

Total revenues

  Ps. 81,099  Ps. 69,131  Ps. 59,940

Income from operations

   12,095   10,741   8,749

Income before income taxes

   7,685   10,255   7,700

Income taxes

   1,987   3,271   2,420

Minority interest in results of consolidated subsidiaries

   231   189   176
            

Net income

   5,571   6,765   5,104

Other comprehensive income

   663   1,768   1,023
            

Comprehensive income

  Ps.6,234  Ps.8,533  Ps.6,127
            

b)Restatement of Prior Year Financial Statements:

Under US GAAP, the Company applies the regulations of the Securities Exchanges Commission of the United States of America (“SEC”), which allows to not reconcile prior years financial statements which were previously restated in constant units of the reporting currency,. Beginning on January 1, 2008, in accordance with NIF B-10, the Company discontinued inflationary accounting for subsidiaries that operate in non-inflationary economic environments. As a result prior years financial information and all other adjustments for U.S. GAAP purposes, were restated and translated as of December 31, 2007, which is the date of the last recognition of inflation effects. The cumulative effect of previously realized and unrealized results of holding non-monetary assets (RETANM) of previous periods was reclassified to retained earnings as described in Note 2 b). This reclassification does not result in a difference to reconcilehyper-inflationary economy for U.S. GAAP purposes, since thoseJanuary 1, 2010 (see Note 4 A).

For U.S. GAAP reconciliation purposes, the Company has applied an accommodation available in Item 17(c)(2)(iv)(B) of the instructions to Form 20-F whereby the International Accounting Standard 21 Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates (IAS 21) and IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies (IAS 29) indexation approach is applied. A U.S. GAAP reconciliation which would otherwise require a hyper-inflationary economy to be reported using the dollar as the functional currency is not required to be provided using this accommodation if amounts in a currency of a hyperinflationary economy are ultimately recognizedtranslated into the reporting currency in accordance with IAS 21. Additionally, the information related to the revenues as well as long-term assets and total assets related to the Venezuelan subsidiary are shown separately in the Company’s financial statements.segment disclosure footnote (see Note 25 B). Recent devaluations in the Venezuelan currency are also discussed in Note 3.

 

c)d)Classification Differences:

Certain items require a different classification in the balance sheet or income statement under U.S. GAAP. These include:

 

As explained in Note 4 d), under Mexican FRS, advancesBeginning on January 1, 2010, restricted cash has been classified from other current assets to suppliers are recorded as inventories.cash and cash equivalents according to NIF C-1 Cash and Cash Equivalents. Under U.S. GAAP, advances to suppliers arerestricted cash remains classified as prepaid expenses;other current or long term assets;

 

Impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets, the gains or losses on the disposition of fixed assets, all severance payments associated with an ongoing benefit and amendments to pension plans, financial expenses from labor liabilities and employee profit sharing, among others, are recorded as part of operating income under U.S. GAAP; andGAAP, but not under Mexican FRS;

 

Under Mexican FRS, deferred taxes are classified as non-current, while under U.S. GAAP they are classified based on the classification of the related asset or liability or their estimated reversal date when not associated with an asset or liability.liability;

Under Mexican FRS, market value gain/loss of embedded derivatives contracts are recorded as market value gain/loss of ineffective portion of derivatives financial instruments. For U.S. GAAP purposes, this effect has been reclassified to operating expenses; and

Under Mexican FRS, restructuring costs are recorded as other expenses while for U.S. GAAP purposes restructuring costs are recorded as operating expense.

d)e)Start-UpDeferred Promotional Expenses:

As explained in Note 4 j),E, under Mexican FRS, start-uppromotional expenses related to the launching of new products or product presentations are recorded as prepaid expenses. For U.S. GAAP purposes, such promotional expenses are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method in accordance with the terms of the lease contracts at the start of operations. Under U.S. GAAP, these expenses must be recorded in the income statementexpensed as incurred, except for the licenses for the sale of beer paid for by FEMSA Comercio, which are considered to be intangible assets and amortized using the straight-line method beginning at the start of operations.incurred.

 

e)f)Intangible Assets:

According to Mexican FRS, in 2003 the amortization of goodwill was discontinued. For U.S. GAAP purposes, since 2002 goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are no longer subject to amortization.

As a resultUnder U.S. GAAP, indefinite-lived intangible assets are recorded at estimated fair value at the date of the adoptionacquisition, under Mexican FRS intangible assets with indefinite life are recognized at its estimated fair value, limited to the underlying amount of this SFAS No. 142,the purchase price consideration. This results in a difference in accounting for acquired intangible assets between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP.

During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company performed an initial impairment test asacquired the Brisa water business in Colombia. For U.S. GAAP, acquired distribution rights intangible assets are recorded at estimated fair value at the date of January 1, 2002the purchase. Under Mexican FRS, this distribution rights intangible asset is recorded at its estimated fair value, limited to the underlying amount of the purchase price consideration. This results in a difference in accounting for acquired intangible assets between Mexican FRS and found no impairment. Subsequent impairment tests are performed annually byU.S. GAAP. These differences have resulted in a gain being recorded in 2009 for U.S. GAAP purposes in the Company, if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that the asset might be impairedamount of Ps. 72.

 

f)g)Restatement of Imported Equipment:

Through December 2007, the Company restated imported machinery and equipment by applying the inflation rate and the exchange rate of the currency of the country of origin;origin. The resulting amounts were then the Company translated those amounts into Mexican pesos using the period-endperiod end exchange rate. This result in a difference in accounting between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP.

As explained in Note 2 b), on January 1, 2008, the Company adopted NIF B-10 “Inflation Effects” which establishes that imported machinery and equipment are recorded using the exchange rate of the acquisition date. Subholding Companies that operate in inflationary economic environments have to restate those assets by applying the inflation rate of the country were the asset is acquired.in their own countries. The change in this methodology did not impact significantly the consolidated financial position of the Company (see Note 2 b).

Under U.S. GAAP, the Company applies SEC regulations referred to above; as such amounts are not reconciled during the preparation of U.S. GAAP financial information.Company.

 

g)h)Capitalization of the Integral Result of Financing:Comprehensive Financing Result:

Through December 2006, and according to Bulletin C-6 “Property, plant and equipment” the Company didhad not capitalizecapitalized the integralcomprehensive financial result of financing, which was previously optional under Mexican FRS. On January 1,related to fixed assets.

Beginning in 2007, according to NIF D-6 “Capitalization of IntegralComprehensive Financing Result, of Financing” went into effect. This standard establishes that the integralCompany capitalized the comprehensive financing result of financing generated as a result of loansby borrowings obtained to finance investment projects must be capitalized as part of the cost of long-term assets that require a substantial period of time for their intended use, among other conditions listed by NIF D-6. This standard does not require retrospective application. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations accordingqualifying assets.

According to Mexican FRS.

In accordance with SFAS No. 34, “Capitalization of Interest Cost,”U.S. GAAP, if interest expense (does not include all the components of comprehensive result defined by Mexican FRS) is incurred during the construction of qualifying assets and the net effect is material, capitalization is required for all assets that require a period of time to get them ready for their intended use. The net effect of interest expenses incurred to bring qualifying assets to the condition for its intentedintended use was Ps. 5692, Ps. 5590 and Ps. 3590 for the years ended on December 31, 2008, 20072011, 2010 and 2006,2009, respectively.

A reconciling item is included for the difference in capitalized comprehensive financing result and the related amortization of anrecorded under Mexican FRS and the corresponding capitalized interest expense capitalization regarding qualifying assets according to SFAS No. 34 identified prior 2006, is included in theand related amortization recorded under U.S. GAAP reconciliation of the net income and stockholders’ equity. The weighted average interest rate of outstanding debt to finance qualifying assets is applied to the balance of construction in progress to determine the amount to be capitalized.GAAP.

 

h)i)Fair Value MeasurementsMeasurements:

On January 1, 2008, theThe Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”), whicha FASB pronouncement that establishes a framework for measuring fair value providing a consistent definition of fair value that focuses on exit price and prioritizes within a measurement of fair value, the use of market based inputs

over company specific inputs. SFAS 157 expands the disclosure requirements and establishes a three level hierarchy for fair value measurements on the observable inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability at the measurement date. This standardpronouncement requires companies to consider its own nonperformance risk when measuring liabilities carried at fair value, including derivative financial instruments. However, in February 2008, the FASB released a FASB Staff Position (FSP FAS 157-2 Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157) which delayed theThe effective date of SFAS No. 157this standard for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). For all other assets and liabilities, this statement is effective started on January 1, 2009.

SFAS No. 157Additionally, U.S. GAAP establishes a three level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs are fullfully described in Note 19.

The Company’s adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company has segregated all financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date as shown in Note 19.

The Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk on all derivative financial instruments. Because the amounts are recorded at fair value, the full amount of the Company’s exposure is the carrying value of these instruments. Credit risk is monitored through established approval procedures, which consider grading counterparties periodically in order to offset the net effect of counterparty’s credit risk. As a result the Company only enters into derivative transactions with well – establishedwell-established financial institutions; and estimates that such risk is minimal.

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, (“SFAS 159”)U.S. GAAP allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument by instrument basis and is irrevocable, unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, SFAS 159 specifies that the unrealized gains and losses for that

instrument shall be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. This statement is effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. The Company did not elect to adopt fair value option tofor any of its outstanding instruments; therefore, it did not have any impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107 (“SFAS 107”), disclosures about fair value ofthe financial instruments disclosures, it is necessary to provide information aboutdisclose, in the body of the financial statements or in the notes, the fair value of certain financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate it.it, and the method(s) used to estimate the fair value. The Company estimates that carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, interest payable, suppliers, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate to their fair value due to their short maturity.

Additionally as explained in noteNote 16, the Company has a bonus program in which the cost of the equity instruments is measured based on the fair value of the instruments on the date they are granted.

 

i)j)Deferred Income Taxes, Employee Profit Sharing and Uncertain Tax Positions:

The Company calculates itscalculation of deferred income taxes and employee profit sharing in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” for U.S. GAAP purposes which differs from Mexican FRS as follows:

 

Under Mexican FRS, inflation effects on the deferred taxes balance generated by monetary items are recognized in the income statement as part of the result of monetary position of subsidiaries in inflationary economic environments. Under U.S. GAAP, the deferred taxes balance is classified as a non-monetary item. As a result, the consolidated U.S. GAAP income statement differs with respect to the presentation of the gain or loss on monetary position and deferred income taxes provision;

Under Mexican FRS, deferred employee profit sharing is calculated using the asset and liability method, which is the method used to compute deferred income taxes under U.S. GAAP. Employee profit sharing is deductible for purposes of Mexican taxes from profit. This deduction reduces the payments of income taxes in subsequent years. For Mexican FRS purposes, the Company did not record deferred employee profit sharing, since is not expected to materialize in the future; and

 

The differences in start-upthe deferred income tax of the control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA, deferred income tax of the exchange of FEMSA Cerveza shares, deferred promotional expenses, intangible assets, restatement of imported machinery and equipment, capitalization of interest expensescomprehensive financial result, employee benefits and deferred employee benefitsprofit sharing, explained in Note 26 d), f), g),A, B, E, F, G, H, and j),J, generate a difference when calculating the deferred income taxes under U.S. GAAP compared to that presented under Mexican FRS (see Note 23 d)C).

The reconciliation of deferred income tax and employee profit sharing, as well as the changes in the balances of deferred taxes, are as follows:

 

Reconciliation of Deferred Income Taxes, Net

  2008  2007 

Deferred income taxes under Mexican FRS

  Ps.1,153   Ps.2,320  

Deferred income taxes of Coca-Cola FEMSA

   (434  (225

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Start-up expenses

   (62  (58

Restatement of imported equipment

   (23  (31

Capitalization of interest expense

   74    88  

Tax deduction for deferred employee profit sharing

   (60  (135

Employee benefits

   (611  (355
         

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   (682  (491
         

Deferred income taxes, net, under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.37   Ps.1,604  
         

Changes in the Balance of Deferred Income Taxes

  2008  2007 

Initial balance

  Ps.1,604   Ps. 1,808  

Provision for the year

   (1,243  (539

Unrecognized labor liabilities

   (139  33  

Derivative financial instruments

   (622  124  

Cumulative translation adjustment

   437    178  
         

Ending balance

  Ps.37   Ps.1,604  
         

Reconciliation of Deferred Employee Profit Sharing

  2008  2007 

Deferred employee profit sharing under Mexican FRS

  Ps.—     Ps.—    

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   (7  (6

Inventories

   58    97  

Prepaid expenses

   6    28  

Property, plant and equipment

   278    963  

Deferred charges

   (18  (214

Intangible assets

   54    10  

Capitalization of interest expense

   2    31  

Start-up expenses

   (19  (18

Derivative financial instruments

   18    5  

Labor liabilities

   (410  (329

Other reserves

   (113  (84
         

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   (151  483  
         

Valuation allowance

   365    —    
         

Deferred employee profit sharing under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.214   Ps.483  
         

Reconciliation of Deferred Income Taxes, Net

  2011  2010 

Deferred income taxes under Mexican FRS

  Ps. 13,450   Ps. 10,221  

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Deferred promotional expenses

   (4  (14

Deferred income tax of Coca-Cola FEMSA´s fair value adjustments

   23,813    21,833  

Intangible assets

   (91  (22

Deferred charges

   (51  (20

Deferred revenues

   17    26  

Equity method of Heineken

   (1,490  (859

Restatement of imported equipment

   (3  85  

Capitalization of interest expense

   4    4  

Tax deduction for deferred employee profit sharing

   19    50  

Employee benefits

   (243  (220
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   21,971    20,863  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes, net, under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.35,421   Ps.31,084  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Changes in the Balance of Deferred Employee Profit Sharing

  2008  2007 

Initial balance

  Ps.483   Ps.650  

Provision for the year

   (576  (180

Labor liabilities

   (58  13  

Valuation allowance

   365    —    
         

Ending balance

  Ps.214   Ps. 483  
         

Changes in the Balance of Deferred Income Taxes

  2011  2010  2009 

Initial liability (asset) balance

  Ps. 31,084   Ps. (2,405 Ps. 37  

Provision for the year

   (885  (159  (795

Change in the statutory income tax rate

   (99  (58  (90

Deferred tax of the exchange of FEMSA Cerveza

   —      10,001    —    

Control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA and fair value adjustments

   —      23,843    —    

Application of tax loss carryforwards due to amnesty adoption

   —      —      2,066  

Reversal of tax loss carryforwards allowance

     (2,066

Acquisition of subsidiaries

   186    —      —    

Reversal of tax loss carryforwards

   —      —      (1,874

Financial instruments

   38    (19  319  

Cumulative translation adjustment

   5,060    (60  (134

Unrecognized labor liabilities

   (3  (59  132  

Others

   40    —      —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending liability (asset) balance

  Ps. 35,421   Ps. 31,084   Ps. (2,405
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The deferred employee profit sharing includes total reduction by a valuation allowance since

Reconciliation of Deferred Employee Profit Sharing

  2011  2010 

Deferred employee profit sharing under Mexican FRS

  Ps. —     Ps. —    

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   (2  (1

Inventories

   (1  8  

Property, plant and equipment

   154    25  

Deferred charges

   4    4  

Intangible assets

   (1  (1

Labor liabilities

   (274  (233

Other liabilities

   (148  (186
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   (268  (384
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Valuation allowance

   202    206  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Deferred employee profit sharing under U.S. GAAP

  Ps. (66 Ps. (178
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Changes in the Balance of Deferred Employee Profit Sharing

  2011  2010  2009 

Initial balance (asset) liability

  Ps. (178 Ps. 134   Ps. 214  

Provision for the year

   120    (257  (234

Acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA

   —      (17  —    

Net effect on exchange of FEMSA Cerveza

   —      (118  —    

Labor liabilities

   (4  82    42  

Valuation allowance

   (4  (2  112  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance (asset) liability

  Ps.(66 Ps. (178 Ps.134  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

According to U.S. GAAP, the Company estimates it will not be realized.

In June 2006, FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertaintyis required to recognize in Income Taxes, an Interpretation of SFAS Statement No. 109,” or “FIN No. 48,” was issued and became effective as of January 1, 2007. FIN No. 48 provides detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in a company’sits financial statements with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” FIN No. 48 requires a company to recognize the financial statement impact of a tax position when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination. If the tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the tax effect is recognized at the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.realized. Any differenceexcess between the tax position taken in the tax return and the tax position recognized in the financial statements using the criteria above results in the recognition of a liability in the financial statements for the unrecognized benefit.uncertain position. Similarly, if a tax position fails to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the benefit taken in tax return will also result in the recognition of a liability in the financial statements for the full amount of the unrecognized benefit. FIN 48 became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 for public entitiesAccording to Mexican FRS, the Company is required to record tax contingencies in its financial statements when such liabilities are probable in nature and their subsidiaries. The Company adopted FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007, as required. The provisions of FIN 48 were applied to all tax positions under SFAS No. 109 upon initial adoption. The impact of adoptingestimable. However, this interpretation wasdifference between Mexican FRS and U.S. GAAP is not material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, resultsstatements during any of operations or cash flows.the periods presented herein, and has thus not resulted in a reconciling item.

 

j)k)Employee Benefits:

On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted NIF D-3 “Employee Benefits” according Mexican FRS. This standard derogateseliminates the recognition of the additional labor liability resulting from the difference between actual benefits and the net projected liabilities, establishes a maximum of five years to amortize the beginning balance of past labor costs of pension plans and severance indemnities and requires to recordrecording actuarial gains or losses of severance indemnities as part of the income from operations during the period when those are incurred. The adoption of NIF D-3 generates a difference in the unamortized net transition obligation and in the amortization expense of pension plans and severance indemnities. SFAS No.158 “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement plans-an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)” establishesUnder U.S. GAAP the Company is required to fully recognize as an asset or liability from the overfunded or underfunded status of defined pension and other postretirement benefit plans as NIF D-3.plans.

The

For the adoption of NIF B-10 for Mexican FRS, the Company is required the application ofto apply real rates for inflationary economic environments and nominal ratedrates for non-inflationary economic environments in the actuarial calculations. The Company uses the same criteria for interest rates for both U.S. GAAP and Mexican FRS.

In 2006, the Company adopted SFAS 158. The impact of adoption, including the interrelated impact on the minimum pension liability, resulted in an increase in total liabilities and a decrease in stockholders’ equity reported under U.S. GAAP of Ps. 192 and Ps. 892, respectively.

The reconciliation of the pension cost for the year and related labor liabilities is as follows:

 

Cost for the Year

  2008  2007  2006 

Net cost recorded under Mexican FRS

  Ps. 1,203   Ps. 664   Ps. 551  

Net cost of Coca-Cola FEMSA

   (451  (176  (163

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Amortization of unrecognized transition obligation

   (55  (8  (5

Amortization of prior service cost

   4    8    —    

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   (36  —      —    
             

Total U.S. GAAP adjustment

   (87  —      (5
             

Cost for the year under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.665   Ps.488   Ps.383  
             

Labor Liabilities

     2008  2007 

Employee benefits under Mexican FRS

   Ps. 2,886   Ps. 3,718  

Employee benefits of Coca-Cola FEMSA

    (936  (993

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Unrecognized net transition obligation

    403    459  

Unrecognized prior service

    740    781  

Unrecognized net actuarial loss

    1,040    444  

Additional labor liability in cumulative other comprehensive income

    —      (413
          

U.S. GAAP adjustments to stockholders’ equity

    2,183    1,271  

Reversal of additional labor obligation under Mexican FRS

    —      (673
          

Labor liabilities under U.S. GAAP

   Ps.4,133   Ps.3,323  
          

 

Estimates of the unrecognized items expected to be recognized as components of net periodic pension cost during 2009 are shown in the table below:

 

   

    Pension and
Retirement
Plans
  Seniority
Premiums
  Postretirement
Medical
Services
 

Actuarial net loss and prior service cost recognized in cumulative other comprehensive income during the year

  Ps.486   Ps.(16 Ps.199  

Actuarial net loss and prior service cost recognized as a component of net periodic cost

   57    9    33  

Net transition liability recognized as a component of net periodic cost

   49    2    9  

Actuarial net loss, prior service cost and transition liability included in accumulated cumulative other comprehensive income

   1,393    6    525  

Estimate to be recognized as a component of net periodic cost over the following fiscal year:

    

Transition asset / (obligation)

   48    1    (32

Prior service credit / (cost)

   49    —      —    

Actuarial gain / (loss)

   20    —      (22

Cost for the Year

  2011  2010  2009 

Net cost recorded under Mexican FRS

  Ps. 634   Ps. 600   Ps. 569  

Net cost of Coca-Cola FEMSA

    —      (313

Net cost of FEMSA Cerveza (discontinued operation)

    182    574  

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Amortization of unrecognized transition obligation

   (54  (46  (53

Amortization of prior service cost

   (1  (1  5  

Amortization of net actuarial loss

   (11  (4  2  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total U.S. GAAP adjustment

   (66  (51  (46
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cost for the year under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.568   Ps.731   Ps. 784  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

k)Kaiser and Coca-Cola FEMSA Minority Acquisition:

Labor Liabilities

  2011   2010 

Employee benefits under Mexican FRS

  Ps. 2,258    Ps.1,883  

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Unrecognized net transition obligation

   53     115  

Unrecognized labor cost of past services

   319     337  

Unrecognized net actuarial loss

   518     356  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

U.S. GAAP adjustments to stockholders’ equity

   890     808  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Labor liabilities under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.3,148    Ps. 2,691  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As mentioned in Note 5 c), in 2006 FEMSA Cerveza indirectly acquired an additional equity interest in Kaiser. According to Mexican standard NIF Bulletin B-7, “Business Acquisitions,” this is a transaction between existing shareholders that does not impact the net assetsEstimates of the Company, and the payment in excessunrecognized items expected to be recognized as components of the book value of the shares acquired is recorded in stockholders’ equity as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” establishes that purchases of minority interest represent a “step acquisition” that must be recorded utilizing the purchase method, whereby the purchase price is allocated to the proportionate fair value of assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation for this acquisition has been completed, and the allocation period was closed. The Company did not recognize any goodwill as a result of this acquisition.

Additionally, on August 31, 2007, FEMSA Cerveza sold 16.88% of Kaiser’s outstanding shares to Heineken HV. The excess of the price paid over the book value was recorded directly in stockholders’ equity in accordance with Mexican FRS. Under U.S. GAAP, the gain was recorded directly in income in accordance with ARB No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements.”

As mentioned in Note 5 a), in 2006 FEMSA indirectly acquired an additional, 8.02% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA. According to Mexican standard NIF Bulletin B-7, this is a transaction between shareholders that does not impact the net assets of the Company, and the payment in excess of the book value of the shares acquired is recorded in stockholders’ equity as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” purchases of minority interest represent a “step acquisition” that must be accounted for under the purchase method, whereby the purchase price is allocated to the proportionate fair value of assets and liabilities acquired. The difference between the fair value and the price paid for the 8.02% of Coca-Cola FEMSA equity is presented as part of investment in Coca-Cola FEMSA sharesperiodic pension cost during 2012 are shown in the consolidated balance sheet under U.S. GAAP. The Company did not recognize any goodwill as a result of this acquisition. The acquisition of the additional 8.02% interest in Coca-Cola FEMSA did not affect the consolidation analysis discussed above as it relates to EITF 96-16 given that The Coca-Cola Company’s substantive participating rights were not affected.table below:

 

   Pension and
Retirement
Plans
  Seniority
Premiums
  Postretirement
Medical
Services
 

Actuarial net loss and prior service cost recognized in cumulative other comprehensive income during the year

  Ps. 82   Ps. 11   Ps. 2  

Actuarial net loss and prior service cost recognized as a component of net periodic cost

   42    5    2  

Net transition liability recognized as a component of net periodic cost

   9    —      2  

Actuarial net loss, prior service cost and transition liability included in cumulative other comprehensive income

   570    (23  98  

Estimate to be recognized as a component of net periodic cost over the following fiscal year:

    

Transition obligation

   (11  —      (1

Prior service credit

   (3  —      —    

Actuarial gain

   (21  3    (5
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

l)Minority Interest:Non-controlling Interests:

Under Mexican FRS, the minoritynon-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries is presented as a separate component within stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet.

UnderBeginning as of January 1, 2009, under U.S. GAAP, this item must be excluded fromis presented as separate component within consolidated stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, consolidated net income is adjusted to include the minoritynet income attributed to the non-controlling interest. And consolidated comprehensive income is adjusted to include the net income attributed to the non-controlling interest. Because these changes are to be applied retrospectively, they eliminate the differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP in the presentation of the non-controlling interest in the net earnings of consolidated subsidiaries is deducted from consolidated net income.financial statements.

 

m)FEMSA’s MinorityNon-controlling Interest Acquisition:

In accordance with Mexican FRS, the Company applied the entity theory to the acquisition of the minoritynon-controlling interest by FEMSA in May 1998, through an exchange offer. Accordingly, no goodwill was created as a result of such acquisition and the difference between the book value of the shares acquired by FEMSA and the FEMSA shares exchanged was recorded as additional paid-in capital. The direct out-of-pocket costs identified with the purchase of minoritynon-controlling interest were included in other expenses.

In accordance with U.S. GAAP at the time, the acquisition of minoritynon-controlling interest must bewas accounted for under the purchase method, using the market value of shares received by FEMSA in the exchange offer to determine the cost of the acquisition of such minoritynon-controlling interest and the related goodwill. Under U.S. GAAP at the time, the direct out-of-pocket costs identified with the purchase of minoritynon-controlling interest arewas treated as additional goodwill.

Additionally, SFAS No. 142 requiresU.S. GAAP accounting standards related to goodwill, require the allocation of all goodwill to the related reportingreporting. Reporting units toare identified at the operating segment or the component level that will generate the related cash flows. TheAs of December 31, 2011, the remaining allocation of the goodwill generated by the previously mentioned acquisition of minoritynon-controlling interest was as follows:

 

FEMSA Cerveza

Ps. 10,600

Coca-Cola FEMSA

4,753

FEMSA Comercio

   Ps.     1,085

Other

   918
  

 
  Ps.17,356Ps.     2,003
  

 

As of February 1, 2010 the goodwill allocated to Coca-Cola FEMSA amounted to Ps. 4,753 and was re-evaluated as part of the control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

As of April 30, 2010, the goodwill allocated to FEMSA Cerveza amounted to Ps. 10,600 and was cancelled due to the transaction described in Note 26 B, as part of the disposition of FEMSA Cerveza net assets.

 

n)Deconsolidation of Crystal Brand Water in Brazil:

During 2009, Coca-Cola FEMSA established a joint venture with The Coca-Cola Company for the production and sale of Crystal brand water in Brazil. Coca-Cola FEMSA has recorded a gain for U.S. GAAP purposes of Ps. 120 related to the deconsolidation of its net assets related to the Crystal operations. Approximately, Ps. 120 of previously recorded unearned revenues related to Crystal operations remain recorded for Mexican FRS purposes, and are being amortized into income along with the results from the joint venture over the following three years (through 2012) for Mexican FRS purposes.

o)Statement of Cash Flows:

In 2008, the Company adopted NIF B-2 “StatementStatement of Cash Flows” whichFlows prepared under Mexican FRS is similar to SFAS No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows,”cash flows standards for U.S. GAAP except for the presentation of restricted cash, different presentation of interest costs, and certain other supplemental disclosures.

For prior years, the Company presented a consolidated statement of changes in financial position in accordance with NIF Bulletin B-12, “Statement of Changes in Financial Position,” which differs from the cash flows presentation. Bulletin

B-12 identified the generation and application of resources by the differences between beginning and ending balance sheet items presented in constant Mexican pesos. Bulletin B-12 also required that monetary and foreign exchange gains and losses be treated as cash items for the determination of resources generated by operating activities.

o)p)Financial Information Under U.S. GAAP:

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

  2008  2007  2011   2010 

ASSETS

        

Current Assets:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

  Ps.2,919  Ps.2,914   Ps. 25,841     Ps. 26,703  

Investments

   1,329     66  

Accounts receivable

   6,177   5,383   10,499     7,702  

Inventories

   8,531   6,465   14,384     11,350  

Recoverable taxes

   2,009   1,470   4,311     4,243  

Other current assets

   2,544   775   3,026     1,635  
        

 

   

 

 

Total current assets

   22,180   17,007   59,390     51,699  
        

 

   

 

 

Investments in shares:

        

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   30,996   28,188

Heineken

   69,749     63,413  

Other investments

   169   387   3,897     2,315  

Property, plant and equipment

   35,340   32,725   55,632     44,650  

Intangible assets

   34,877   34,830   189,511     163,170  

Bottles and cases

   2,111   1,950

Deferred income tax and deferred employee profit sharing

   543     541  

Other assets

   11,241   9,688   11,294     8,729  
        

 

   

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

  Ps.136,914  Ps.124,775  Ps. 390,016    Ps.334,517  
        

 

   

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        

Current Liabilities:

        

Bank loans

  Ps.3,821  Ps.2,390

Bank loans and notes payable

  Ps.638    Ps.1,578  

Current maturities of long-term debt

   4,935     1,725  

Interest payable

   109   202   216     165  

Current maturities of long-term debt

   1,936   2,166

Suppliers

   9,594   8,317   21,475     17,458  

Deferred taxes liability

   235   390

Deferred income tax

   46     113  

Taxes payable

   2,167   2,018   3,208     2,180  

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

   5,792   3,096

Accounts payable, and other current liabilities

   8,158     7,410  
        

 

   

 

 

Total current liabilities

   23,654   18,579   38,676     30,629  
        

 

   

 

 

Long-Term Liabilities:

        

Bank loans and notes payable

   19,557   16,569   24,031     21,927  

Employee benefits

   3,148     2,691  

Deferred taxes liability

   504   1,705   36,292     31,539  

Labor liabilities

   4,133   3,323

Other liabilities

   3,024   1,295

Contingencies and other liabilities

   4,708     5,595  
        

 

   

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

   27,218   22,892   68,179     61,752  
        

 

   

 

 

Total liabilities

   50,872   41,471   106,855     92,381  

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

   505   698

Stockholders’ equity

   85,537   82,606

Equity:

    

Controlling interest

   182,644     163,641  

Non-controlling interest

   100,517     78,495  
  

 

   

 

 

Total equity:

   283,161     242,136  
        

 

   

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

  Ps.136,914  Ps.124,775  Ps.390,016    Ps.334,517  
        

 

   

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

  2008 2007 2006   2011 2010 2009 

Net sales

  Ps. 90,941   Ps. 82,887   Ps. 75,288    Ps. 201,421   Ps.175,257   Ps.102,039  

Other operating revenues

   709    475    416     2,821    1,796    863  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total revenues

   91,650    83,362    75,704     204,242    177,053    102,902  

Cost of sales

   53,419    48,831    44,059     118,662    102,665    59,841  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Gross profit

   38,231    34,531    31,645     85,580    74,388    43,061  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Operating expenses:

        

Administrative

   6,113    5,944    5,689     10,070    9,420    7,769  

Selling

   24237    20,920    18,135     50,208    43,302    26,451  

Restructuring

   —      446    180  

Market value (gain) loss of derivative financial instruments

   50    (15  —    
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
   30,350    26,864    23,824     60,328    53,153    34,400  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income from operations

   7,881    7,667    7,821     25,252    21,235    8,661  

Integral result of financing:

    

Comprehensive financing result:

    

Interest expense

   (2,561  (2,417  (2,003   (2,721  (3,966  (3,013

Interest income

   181    158    421     999    1,121    310  

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

   (217  592    11  

(Loss) gain on monetary position, net

   (1  664    429  

Market value (loss) gain on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   (24  (2  5  

Foreign exchange gain (loss), net

   1,068    (332  (26

Gain (loss) on monetary position, net

   51    219    (1

Market value gain (loss) on ineffective portion of derivative financial instruments

   (109  202    73  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
   (2,622  (1,005  (1,137   (712  (2,756  (2,657

Other income (expenses), net

   241    (124  (298

Other (expenses) income, net

   (213  68,337    52  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income before taxes

   5,500    6,538    6,386     24,327    86,816    6,056  

Taxes

   1,787    1,610    2,029     6,563    15,014    (127
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income before minority interest and participation in affiliated companies

   3,713    4,928    4,357  

Minority interest in results of consolidated subsidiaries

   253    (32  169  

Income before participation in affiliated companies

   17,764    71,802    6,183  

Participation in affiliated companies:

        

Coca-Cola FEMSA

   2,994    3,635    2,420     —      183    4,516  

Other associates companies

   (108  26    27     87    219    (14
            

 

  

 

  

 

 
   2,886    3,661    2,447     87    402    4,502  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net income

  Ps.6,852   Ps.8,557   Ps.6,973  

Other comprehensive income

   (2,301  1,649    346  

Consolidated net income

  Ps.17,851   Ps.72,204   Ps.10,685  

Less: Net income attributable to the non-controlling interest

   (5,402  (4,759  (783
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Comprehensive income

  Ps.4,551   Ps.10,206   Ps.7,319  

Net income attributable to controlling interest

  Ps.12,449   Ps.67,445   Ps.9,902  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net income per share (constant Mexican pesos):

    

Per Series “B” share

  Ps.0.34   Ps.0.43   Ps.0.35  

Per Series “D” share

   0.43    0.53    0.43  

Consolidated net income

  Ps.17,851   Ps.72,204   Ps.10,685  

Other comprehensive income (loss)

   13,297    (1,702  4,335  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated comprehensive income

   31,148    70,502    15,020  

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to the non-controlling interest

   (9,290  (4,867  (776
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated comprehensive income attributable to the controlling interest

   21,858    65,635    14,244  
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net controlling interest income per share:

    

Per Series “B”

  Ps.0.62   Ps.3.36   Ps.0.49  

Per Series “D”

   0.78    4.20    0.62  
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Consolidated Cash Flows(1)

  2008  2007  2006 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  Ps. 6,852   Ps. 8,557   Ps. 6,973  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Minority interest

  (253 32   (169

Inflation effect

  (1 (722 (710

Depreciation

  2,439   2,114   2,080  

Amortization

  2,469   2,347   2,416  

Participation in affiliated companies

  (2,886 (3,661 (2,332

Deferred taxes

  (1,819 (719 (383

Other non-cash charges

  2,779   750   1,332  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities net of business acquisitions:

    

Working capital investment

  (914 (340 (3,026

Dividends received from Coca-Cola FEMSA

  —     435   317  

Recoverable taxes, net

  (354 (422 (481

Interest payable

  (276 27   80  

Labor obligations

  (453 (171 (366

Derivative financial instruments

  (1,208 (273 (498
          

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

  6,375   7,954   5,233  
          

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Acquisitions by FEMSA Cerveza, net of cash acquired

  (27 356   (1,711

Acquisitions of Coca-Cola FEMSA minority interest

  —     —     (4,601

Sale of property, plant and equipment

  48   150   91  

Investment in property, plant and equipment

  (5,612 (3,825 (3,182

Other assets

  (3,432 (3,885 (3,091

Bottles and cases

  (260 (245 (95

Investment in shares

  —     9   7  
          

Net cash flows used in investing activities

  (9,283 (7,440 (12,582
          

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Bank loans obtained

  18,465   6,660   6,229  

Bank loans paid

  (14,662 (6,368 (604

Dividends declared and paid

  (1,112 (1,486 (986

Restricted cash for the year

  (134 —     —    

Other financing activities

  257   30   6  
          

Net cash flows provided (used in) by financing activities

  2,814   (1,164 4,645  
          

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

  99   101   (15

Cash and cash equivalents:

    

Net increase (decrease)

  5   (549 (2,719

Initial balance

  2,914   3,463   6,182  
          

Ending balance

  Ps.  2,919   Ps.  2,914   Ps.  3,463  
          

Supplemental cash flow information:

    

Interest paid

  Ps. (2,268 Ps. (2,310 Ps. (1,804

Income taxes and tax on assets paid

  (2,849 (2,699 (2,463
          

 

(1)Expressed in millions of historical Mexican pesos, except for Net Income and Minority Interest.

Consolidated Cash Flows

  2011  2010  2009 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  Ps.17,851   Ps.72,204   Ps.10,685  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

    

Inflation effect

   (49  (215  (1

Depreciation

   5,743    4,884    2,786  

Amortization

   1,043    1,620    2,487  

Equity method of associates

   (87  (402  (4,502

Deferred income taxes

   (986  9,784    (3,185

Other adjustments regarding operating activities

   644    1,336    5,353  

Profit regarding Coca-Cola FEMSA (see Note 27 A)

   —      (39,847  —    

Income from the exchange of FEMSA Cerveza (see Note 27 B)

   —      (27,132  —    

Changes in operating assets and liabilities net of business acquisitions:

    

Working capital investment

   (2,887  (5,609  (1,640

Dividends received from Coca-Cola FEMSA

   —      —      722  

(Recoverable) payable taxes, net

   1,190    (1,946  673  

Interest payable

   244    (851  (370

Labor obligations

   (496  (741  (512

Derivative financial instruments

   (353  (281  (428
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by operating activities

   21,857    12,804    12,068  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Long-lived assets sale

   535    643    422  

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment

   (10,615  (9,195  (3,779

Purchase of investments

   (1,329  (66  —    

Proceeds from investments

   66    1,108    —    

Other assets acquisitions

   (5,053  (2,111  (3,660

Recovery of long-term financial receivables with FEMSA Cerveza

   —      12,209    —    

Net effect of FEMSA Cerveza exchange

   —      (158  —    

Cash incorporated from Coca-Cola FEMSA

   —      5,950    —    

Other disposals

   —      1,949    —    

Payment of debt for the acquisition of Grupo Tampico, net of cash acquired (Note 5A)

   (2,414  —      —    

Payment of debt for the acquisition of Grupo CIMSA, net of cash acquired (Note 5A)

   (1,912  —      —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities

   (20,722  10,329    (7,017
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Bank loans obtained

   6,606    12,381    16,775  

Bank loans paid

   (3,732  (12,569  (14,541

Dividends declared and paid

   (6,623  (3,813  (1,620

Restricted cash activity for the year

   (94  (181  (88

Other financing activities

   (125  (194  (4
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities

   (3,968  (4,376  522  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

   1,971    50    (596

Cash and cash equivalents:

    

Net (decrease) increase

   (862  18,807    4,977  

Initial cash

   26,703    7,896    2,919  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  Ps.25,841   Ps.26,703   Ps.7,896  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow information:

    

Interest paid

  Ps.(3043 Ps.(2,868 Ps.(2,586

Income taxes paid

   (6,457  (6,171  (3,737
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

  2008  2007 

Stockholders’ equity at the beginning of the year

  Ps. 82,606   Ps. 73,925  

Dividends declared and paid

   (1,620  (1,525

Other comprehensive income (loss):

   

Derivative financial instruments

   (1,649  398  

Labor liabilities

   (306  82  

Cumulative translation adjustment

   493    564  

Reversal of inflation effect

   (839  —    

Result of holding non-monetary assets

   —      605  
         

Other comprehensive income

   (2,301  1,649  

Net income

   6,852    8,557  
         

Stockholders’ equity at the end of the year

  Ps. 85,537   Ps. 82,606  
         

The effect of exchange rate changes on cash balances held in foreign currencies was Ps. 1,971 as a gain as of December 31, 2011, Ps. 50 as a gain as of December 31, 2010, and a loss of Ps. 596 as of December 31, 2009, respectively.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

  2011  2010 

Stockholders’ equity at the beginning of the year

  Ps. 242,136   Ps.99,442  

Dividends declared and paid

   (6,625  (3,813

Non-controlling interest other comprehensive income

   3,888    (891

Acquisition of Grupo Tampico through issuance of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (Note 5 A)

   7,828    —    

Acquisition of Grupo CIMSA through issuance of Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (Note 5 A)

   9,017    —    

Acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA

   —      77,277  

Other transactions of non-controlling interest

   (115  (273

Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable a the controlling interest:

   

Derivative financial instruments

   157    1,036  

Labor liabilities

   (29  (302

Cumulative translation adjustment

   9,295    (3,130

Reversal of inflation effect

   (242  1,111  

Recycling of OCI due to exchange of beer business

   —      (525
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Other comprehensive gain (loss)

   9,181    (1,810

Net income

   17,851    72,204  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity at the end of the year

  Ps.    283,161   Ps.    242,136  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011, the balance of cumulative translation adjustment is Ps. 8,240. As of December 31, 2011 the total balance of other comprehensive income is Ps. 9,553 net of a deferred income tax of Ps. 5,095.

Note 27. Reconciliation of Mexican FRS to U.S. GAAP.GAAP

 

a)Reconciliation of Net Income:

 

   2008  2007  2006 

Net consolidated income under Mexican FRS

  Ps.9,278   Ps. 11,936   Ps.9,860  

Net minority income under Mexican FRS

   (2,570  (3,425  (2,733

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Restatement of prior year financial statements (Note 26 b)

   —      —      (254

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 a)

   (14  (77  13  

Start-up expenses (Note 26 d)

   (16  (10  (15

Restatement of imported equipment (Note 26 f)

   (14  (31  (56

Capitalization of interest expense (Note 26 g)

   (49  (48  (50

Deferred income taxes (Note 26 i)

   (65  18    52  

Deferred employee profit sharing (Note 26 i)

   211    180    148  

Employee benefits (Note 26 j)

   87    —      5  

Sale of minority interest (Note 26 k)

   —      13    —    

Minority interest (Note 26 l)

   4    1    3  
             

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   144    46    (154
             

Net income under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.6,852   Ps.8,557   Ps.6,973  
             

Under U.S. GAAP, the monetary position effect of the income statement adjustments of inflationary economic environments is included in each adjustment, except for the capitalization of interest expenses, intangible assets and goodwill as well as pension plan liabilities, which are non-monetary.

   2011  2010  2009 

Net consolidated income under Mexican FRS

  Ps.    20,684   Ps.    45,290   Ps.    15,082  

Non-controlling interest under Mexican FRS of Coca-Cola FEMSA

   —      (222  (4,390

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

    

Reversal of inflation effect (Note 26 C)

   82    (24  —    

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 A)

   —      (39  (63

Coca-Cola FEMSA acquisition depreciation and amortization (Note 26 A)

   (245  (961  —    

Heineken equity method (Note 26 B)

   (3,418  (2,789  —    

Net effect on exchange of FEMSA Cerveza (Note 26 B)

   —      (9,881  —    

Restatement of imported equipment (Note 26 G)

   (187  (165  (12

Capitalization of interest expense (Note 26 H)

   (131  57    (49

Deferred income taxes (Note 26 J)

   1,112    769    (9

Deferred employee profit sharing (Note 26 J)

   (120  257    80  

Gain on control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 A)

   —      39,847    —    

Gain on de-consolidation of Crystal operation (Note 26 N)

   (25  (44  —    

Deferred promotional expenses (Note 26 F)

   34    58    —    

Employee benefits (Note 26 K)

   65    51    46  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   (2,833  27,136    (7
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.17,851   Ps.72,204   Ps.10,685  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

b)Reconciliation of Stockholders’ Equity:

 

   2008  2007 

Total stockholders’ equity under Mexican FRS

  Ps.96,895   Ps.89,653  

Minority stockholders’ equity under Mexican FRS

   (28,074  (25,075

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 a)

   (618  178  

Start-up expenses (Note 26 d)

   (223  (207

Intangible assets and goodwill (Note 26 e)

   54    54  

Restatement of imported equipment (Note 26 f)

   152    140  

Capitalization of interest expense (Note 26 g)

   264    313  

Deferred income taxes (Note 26 i)

   682    491  

Deferred employee profit sharing (Note 26 i)

   (214  (483

Employee benefits (Note 26 j)

   (2,183  (1,271

Acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA minority interest (Note 26 k)

   1,609    1,609  

Acquisitions by FEMSA Cerveza (Note 26 k)

   55    61  

Minority interest (Note 26 l)

   (7  (2

FEMSA’s minority interest acquisition (Note 26 m)

   17,145    17,145  
         

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   16,716    18,028  
         

Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.85,537   Ps.82,606  
         
   2011  2010 

Total stockholders’ equity under Mexican FRS

  Ps.191,114   Ps.153,013  

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

   

Control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 A)(1)

   98,339    90,980  

Coca-Cola FEMSA acquisition depreciation and amortization (Note 26 A)

   (1,206  (961

Gain on acquisition of Brisa intangible assets (Note 26 F)

   72    72  

Gain on deconsolidation of Crystal operation (Note 26 N )

   50    75  

Deferred promotional expenses (Note 26 E)

   (13  (46

Reversal of inflation effect (Note 26 C)

   (831  (443

Participation in Coca-Cola FEMSA (Note 26 A)

   —      (39

Heineken equity method (Note 26 B)

   (5,326  (3,065

Intangible assets and goodwill (Note 26 F)

   100    100  

Restatement of imported equipment (Note 26 G)

   181    351  

Capitalization of interest expense (Note 26 H)

   71    200  

Deferred income taxes (Note 26 J)

   (569  523  

Deferred employee profit sharing (Note 26 J)

   66    181  

Employee benefits (Note 26 K)

   (890  (808

FEMSA’s non-controlling interest acquisition (Note 26 M)

   2,003    2,003  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total U.S. GAAP adjustments

   92,047    89,123  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.283,161   Ps.242,136  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

(1)The Control acquisition of Coca-Cola FEMSA, is recorded net of a deferred income tax liability of Ps. 21,403 for both years.

 

c)Reconciliation of Comprehensive Income:Income (OCI):

 

  2008 2007 2006   2011 2010 2009 

Consolidated comprehensive income under Mexican FRS

  Ps.9,085   Ps.12,978   Ps.9,778    Ps.27,936   Ps.42,589   Ps.21,355  

Minority comprehensive income under Mexican FRS

   (3,515  (3,561  (2,780

Comprehensive income of the non-controlling interest under Mexican FRS

   (7,119  (4,190  (6,734
  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Comprehensive income of the controlling interest under Mexican FRS

   20,817    38,399     14,621  

U.S. GAAP adjustments:

        

Net income (Note 27 a)

   144    46    (154

Net income (Note 27 A)

   (2,682  27,192    (7

Cumulative translation adjustment

   (18  —      —       2,777    36    91  

Reversal of inflation effect

   (839  —      —       (242  1,111    (746

Result of holding non-monetary assets

   —      420    475  

Additional labor liability in excess of unamortizated transition obligation

   (306  323    —    

Heineken equity method

   1,217    (276  —    

Recycling of OCI due to exchange of beer business

    (525  —    

Additional labor liability in excess of unamortized transition obligation

   (29  (302  285  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Comprehensive income under U.S. GAAP

  Ps.4,551   Ps. 10,206   Ps.7,319    Ps. 21,858   Ps.65,635   Ps.14,244  
            

 

  

 

  

 

 

Note 28. Future ImpactImplementation of Recently IssuedInternational Financial Reporting Standards

The consolidated financial statements to be issued by the Company for the year ending December 31, 2012 will be its first annual financial statements that comply with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Not YetBoard. The transition date is January 1, 2011 and, therefore, the year ended December 31, 2011 will be the comparative period to be covered. IFRS 1, “First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards” (IFRS 1), sets mandatory exceptions and allows certain optional exemptions to the complete retrospective application of IFRS.

The Company applied the following mandatory exceptions to retrospective application of IFRS, effective as of the transition date:

Accounting Estimates:

Estimates prepared under IFRS as of January 1, 2011 are consistent with the estimates recognized under Mexican FRS as of the same date, unless the Company is required to adjust such estimates to agree with IFRS.

Derecognition of Financial Assets and Liabilities:

The Company applied the derecognition rules of IAS 39, “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” (IAS 39), prospectively for transactions occurring on or after the date of transition.

Hedge Accounting:

As of the transition date, the Company measured at fair value all derivative financial instruments and hedging relationships designated and documented effectively as accounting hedges as required by IAS 39, which is consistent with the treatment under Mexican FRS.

As a result, there was no impact in Effect.the Company’s consolidated financial statements due to the application of this exception.

Non-controlling Interest:

The Company applied the requirements in IAS 27, “Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements” (IAS 27) related to non-controlling interests prospectively beginning on the transition date.

The Company has elected the following optional exemptions to retrospective application of IFRS, effective as of the transition date:

Business Combinations and Acquisitions of Associates and Joint Ventures:

According to IFRS 1, an entity may elect not to apply IFRS 3 “Business Combinations” (IFRS 3) retrospectively to acquisitions made prior of the transition date to IFRS.

The exemption for past business combinations also applies to past acquisitions of investments in associates and of interests in joint ventures.

The Company adopted this exemption and did not amend its business acquisitions or investments in associates and joint ventures prior to the transition date and it did not remeasure the values determined at acquisition dates, including the amount of previously recognized goodwill in past acquisitions.

Share-based Payments:

The Company has share-based plans, which it pays to its qualifying employees based on its own shares and those of its subsidiary, Coca-Cola FEMSA. Management decided to apply the optional exemptions established in IFRS 1, where it did not apply IFRS 2, “Share-based Payment” (IFRS 2), (i) to the equity instruments granted before November 7, 2002, (ii) to equity instruments granted after November 7, 2002 and that were earned before the latter of (a) the IFRS transition date and (b) January 1, 2005, and (iii) to liabilities related to share-based payment transactions that were settled before the transition date.

Deemed Cost:

An entity may individually elect to measure an item of its property, plant and equipment at the transition date to IFRS at its fair value and use that fair value as its deemed cost at that date. In addition, a first-time adopter may elect to use a previous GAAP revaluation of an item of property, plant and equipment at, or before, of the transition date to IFRS as deemed cost at the date of the revaluation, if the revaluation was, at the date of the revaluation, broadly comparable to: (i) fair value; or (ii) cost or depreciated cost in accordance with IFRS, adjusted to reflect changes in a general or specific price index.

The Company has presented both its property, plant, and equipment and its intangible assets at IFRS historical cost in all countries. In Venezuela this IFRS historical cost represents actual historical cost in the year of acquisition, indexed for inflation in a hyper-inflationary economy based on the provisions of IAS 29.

Cumulative Translation Effect:

A first-time adopter is neither required to recognize translation differences and accumulate these in a separate component of equity nor on a subsequent disposal of a foreign operation, to reclassify the cumulative translation difference for that foreign operation from equity to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal that would have existed at transition date.

The Company applied this exemption and consequently it reclassified the accumulated translation effect recorded under Mexican FRS to retained earnings and beginning January 1, 2011, it calculates the translation effect of its foreign operations prospectively according to IAS 21, “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates.”

Borrowing Costs:

The Company applied the IFRS 1 exemption related to borrowing costs incurred for qualifying assets existing at the transition date based on the similar Company’s Mexican FRS accounting policy, and beginning January 1, 2011 it capitalizes eligible borrowing costs in accordance with IAS 23, “Borrowing Costs” (IAS 23).

Recording Effects of the Transition from Mexican FRS to IFRS:

The following disclosures provide a qualitative description of the most significant preliminary effects from the transition of IFRS determined as of the date of the issuance of the consolidated financial statements:

 

a)Mexican FRS:Inflation Effects:

In 2008, the following new accounting standards were issued underAccording to Mexican FRS, the applicationMexican peso ceased to be the currency of which is requiredan inflationary economy in December 2007, as indicated. The Company will adopt these standardsthe three year cumulative inflation as of January 1, 2009 and is insuch date did not exceed 26%.

According to IAS 29 “Hyperinflationary Economies” (IAS 29), the process of assessing the effect of adopting these new standards on its financial information.

NIF B-7, “Business Acquisitions”

NIF B-7 substitutes Bulletin B-7 “Business Acquisitions,” and establishes general ruleslast hyperinflationary period for the initial recognition of net assets, non-controlling interests and other items, as of the acquisition date. According to this statement, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from acquisition process, should not be part of the consideration, because these expenses are not an amount being shared by the business acquired. In addition, NIF B-7 requires a company to recognize non-controlling interestsMexican peso was in the acquire at fair value as of the acquisition date. NIF B-7 shall be applied prospectively to business acquisitions for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009.

NIF B-8, “Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements”

The main changes of this NIF are as follows: (a) this rule defines “Specific-purpose Entity” (SPE), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over a SPE, and when a company should consolidate this type of entities; (b) addresses that potential voting rights should be analyzed when evaluating the existence of control over an entity; and, (c) set new terms for “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest;” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest.” Additionally, NIF B-8 states that in certain circumstances, majority ownership may not be a determinant to assume control and requires an analysis of the relevant facts and circumstances supported by the professional judgment of the entity that issues financial statements. Control is presumed to exist when a parent owns, directly or indirectly through subsidiaries, more than a half of the voting power of an entity unless, in exceptional circumstances, it can be clearly demonstrated that such ownership does not constitute control. Additionally, NIF B-8 describes some situations in which non-controlling interest has rights or power that indicates control, such as: a) the power over more than half of the voting rights by virtue of an agreement with other investors: b) the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity under a statue or an agreement; c) power to appoint or remove the majority of the member of the board of directors or equivalent governing body and control of the entity is by that board or body; or d) the power to cast the majority of votes at meeting of the board of directors or equivalent governing body and control of the entity is by that board or body.1998. As a result, the Company iseliminated the cumulative inflation recognized within long-lived assets and contributed capital for the Company’s Mexican operations, based on Mexican FRS during the years 1999 through 2007, which were not deemed hyperinflationary for IFRS purposes.

For the foreign operations, the cumulative inflation from the acquisition date was eliminated (except in the processcase of determiningVenezuela, which was deemed a hyperinflationary economy) from the impact of this new standard regardingdate the consolidation of Coca-Cola FEMSA.

NIF C-7, “Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments”

NIF C-7 describes the accounting treatment for investments in associates and other permanent investments, which were previously treated within NIF B-8 “Consolidated Financial Statements.” This NIF requires the recognition of a Specific-Purpose Entity, through equity method. Also, this NIF establishes that potential voting rights should be considered when analyzing the existence of significant influence. In addition, this rule defines a procedure and a limit for the recognition of losses in an associate.

NIF C-8, “Intangible Assets”

NIF C-8 substitutes Bulletin C-8 “Intangible Assets.” The new rule defines intangible assets as non-monetary items and broadens the criteria of identification, establishing that an intangible asset must be separable; this means that such asset could be sold, transferred, or used by the entity. On the other hand, this standard addresses that preoperative costs capitalized priorCompany began to Bulletin C-8 adoption in 2003, should be eliminated, affecting retained earnings without restating prior financial statements. This amount should be presented as an accounting change in consolidated financial statements.

NIF D-8, “Share-Based Payments”

NIF D-8 establishes the recognition of share-based payments. When an entity purchases goods or pay services with share-based payments, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. According with NIF D-8, if share-based payments can not be settled with equity instruments, they have to be settled using an indirect method considering NIF D-8 parameters.consolidate them.

 

b)U.S. GAAP:Employee Benefits:

The following accounting standards have been issuedAccording to NIF D-3 “Employee Benefits” (NIF D-3), a severance provision and the corresponding expenditure, must be recognized based on the experience of the entity in terminating the employment relationship before the retirement date, or if the entity deems to pay benefits as a result of an offer made to employees to encourage a voluntary termination. For IFRS purposes, this provision is only recorded pursuant to IAS 19 (Revised 2011), at the moment the entity has a demonstrable commitment to end the relationship with the employee or to make a bid to encourage voluntary retirement. This is evidenced by a formal plan that describes the characteristics of the termination of employment. Accordingly, at the transition date, the Company derecognized its severance indemnity recorded under US GAAP,Mexican FRS against retained earnings given that no such formal plan exists. A formal plan was not required for recording under Mexican FRS.

IAS 19 (Revised 2011), early adopted by the applicationCompany, eliminates the use of the corridor method, which defers the actuarial gains/losses, and requires that they recorded directly within other comprehensive income in each reporting period. The

standard also eliminates deferral of past service costs and requires entities to record them in comprehensive income in each reporting period. These requirements increased its liability for employee benefits with a corresponding reduction in retained earnings at the transition date.

c)Embedded Derivatives:

For Mexican FRS purposes, the Company recorded embedded derivatives for agreements denominated in foreign currency. Pursuant to the principles set forth in IAS 39, there is required as indicated.an exception for embedded derivatives on those contracts that are denominated in certain foreign currencies, if for example the foreign currency is commonly used in the economic environment in which the transaction takes place. The Company is in the processconcluded that all of assessing the effect of adopting these new standards.

“Business Combinations,” an amendment of SFAS No. 141, or SFAS No. 141(R)

This statement requires (a) a company to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date; and (b) an acquirer in preacquisition periods to expense all acquisition-related costs. SFAS No. 141(R) requires that any adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax asset and liability balance that occur after the measurement period be recorded as a component of income tax expense. This accounting treatment is required for business combinations consummated before the effective date of SFAS No. 141(R) (non-prospective) otherwise SFAS No. 141(R) must be applied prospectively. Early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008.

“Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination that Arise from Contingencies,” an amendment of SFAS No. 141, or FSP SFAS No. 141(R)-1

This FASB Staff Position (FSP) amends and clarifies SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, to address application issues raised by preparers, auditors, and members of the legal profession on initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from

contingencies in a business combination. This FSP applies to all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from contingencies that would beits embedded derivatives fell within the scope of SFAS No.5 Accountingthis exception.

Therefore, at the transition date, the Company derecognized all embedded derivatives recognized under Mexican FRS.

d)Stock Bonus Program:

Under Mexican FRS NIF D-3, the Company recognizes its stock bonus program plan offered to certain key executives as a defined contribution plan. IFRS requires that such share-based payment plans be recorded under the principles set forth in IFRS 2, “Share-based Payments.” The most significant difference for Contingencies if not acquired or assumed in a business combination, except for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies that are subjectchanging the accounting treatment is related to specific guidance in Statement 141(R). This FSPthe period during which compensation expense is effective for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations forrecognized, which under NIF D-3 the acquisition date is on or after the beginningtotal amount of the first annual reportingbonus is recorded in the period beginning on or after December 15, 2008.in which it was granted, while in IFRS 2 it shall be recognized over the vesting period of such awards.

“Non-controlling InterestAdditionally, the trust that holds the equity shares allocated to executives, is considered to hold plan assets and is not consolidated under Mexican FRS. However, for IFRS SIC 12, “Consolidation - Special Purpose Entities,” the Company will consolidate the trust and reflect its own shares in Consolidated Financial Statements,” or SFAS No. 160

This statement has the following effects on an entity’s financial statements: (a) amends ARB No. 51 to establish accountingtreasury stock and reporting standards forreduce the non-controlling interest for the Coca-Cola FEMSA’s shares held by the trust.

e)Deferred Income Taxes:

The IFRS adjustments recognized by the Company had an impact on the calculation of deferred income taxes according to the requirements established by IAS 12, “Income Taxes” (IAS 12).

Furthermore, the Company derecognized a deferred liability recorded in the exchange of shares of FEMSA Cerveza with the Heineken Group. IFRS has an exception for recognition of a deferred tax liability for an investment in a subsidiary if the parent is able to control the timing of the reversal and it is probable that it will not reverse in the deconsolidationforeseeable future.

f)Retained Earnings:

All the adjustments arising from the Company’s conversion to IFRS as of the transition date were recorded against retained earnings.

g)Other Differences in Presentation and Disclosures in the Financial Statements:

Generally, IFRS disclosure requirements are more extensive than those of NIF, which will result in increased disclosures about accounting policies, significant judgments and estimates, financial instruments and management risks, among others. The Company will restructure its Income Statement under IFRS to comply with IAS 1, “Presentation of Financial Statements” (IAS 1). In addition, there may be some other differences in presentation.

There are other differences between Mexican FRS and IFRS, however. The Company considers differences mentioned above describe the significant effects.

As a result of the transition to IFRS, the effects as of January 1, 2011 on the principal items of a subsidiary; (b) changescondensed statement of financial position are described as follow:

   Mexican
FRS
   IFRS Transition
Effects
  Preliminary
IFRS
 

Current assets

  Ps.51,460    Ps.(47 Ps.51,413  

Non-current assets

   172,118     (10,078  162,040  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

   223,578     (10,125  213,453  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Current liabilities

   30,516     (254  30,262  

Non-current liabilities

   40,049     (10,012  30,037  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   70,565     (10,266  60,299  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

   153,013     141    153,154  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

The information presented above has been prepared in accordance with the waystandards and interpretations issued and in effect or issued and early adopted by the Company (as a discussed in Note 28 B) at the date of preparation of these consolidated income statement is presented; (c) establishes a single methodfinancial statements. The standards and interpretations that are applicable at December 31, 2012, including those that will be applicable on an optional basis, are not known with certainty at the time of accounting for changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation; (d) requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated; and (e) requires expanded disclosures inpreparing the Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements that clearly identify and distinguish betweenat December 31, 2011. Additionally, the interests ofIFRS accounting policies selected by the parent company and the interests of the non-controlling owners of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively and early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

“Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an Amendment of SFAS No. 133,” or SFAS No. 161

This statement changes the disclosures requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement No. 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedge items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The requirements of this Statement are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning and after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged.

“The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” or SFAS No. 162

This statement identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for the selecting the principles used in the preparation of the financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of changes to the audit literature.

“Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets-an Amendment of SFAS No.140,” or SFAS No. 166

This statement provides for the removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from SFAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FIN 46R, to qualifying special-purpose entities. It also clarifies that one objective of SFAS 140 is to determine whether a transferor and all of the entities included in the transferor’s financial statements being presented have surrendered control over transferred financial assets. FAS 166 modifies the financial-components approach used in SFAS 140 and limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset,. SFAS 166 also defines the term participating interest to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. SFAS 166 requires that a transferor recognize and initially measure at fair value all assets obtained (including a transferor’s beneficial interest) and liabilities incurredmay change as a result of a transferchanges in the economic environment or industry trends that are observable after the issuance of this Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements. The information presented herein, does not intend to comply with IFRS, and it should be noted that under IFRS, only one set of financial assets accounted for asstatements comprising the statements of financial position, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows, together with comparative information and explanatory notes can provide a sale. Enhanced disclosures are also required by SFAS 166. FAS 166 must be applied asfair presentation of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. This statement must be applied to transfers occurring on or after the effective date.

“Amendments to SFAS Interpretation FIN 46R,” or SFAS No. 167

The objective in issuing SFAS 167 “Amendments to FIN 46R” is to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities. The Board undertook this project to address (1) the effects on certain provisions of FIN 46R, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”, as a resultposition of the eliminationCompany, the results of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept in SFAS 166,its operations and (2) constituent concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R, including those in which the accounting and disclosures under FIN 46R do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise’s involvement in a variable interest. This Statement retains the scope of FIN 46R with the addition of entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated in FAS 166. SFAS 167 shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. Earlier application is prohibited.

“Determination of The Useful Life of Intangible Assets” or FSP SFAS No. 142-3

This FSP amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and other intangible assets. This FSP intends to seek the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flow under SFAS 141 (revised 2007) Business Combinations and other accounting principles. This guidance shall be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquires after effective date. This FSP is effective for fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2008.

“Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets” or EITF 08-7

This issue establishes that a defensive intangible asset should be accounted for as a separate accounting unit; it should not be included as part of the cost of the acquirer’s existing intangible assets because it is separately identifiable. Additionally, a defensive intangible asset should be assigned a useful life that reflects the entity’s consumption of the expected benefits related to the asset. This EITF is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.

“Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations” or EITF 08-6

This issue establishes that equity method investment should be based on the cost accumulation model described in SFAS No. 141(R) for assets acquisition. On the other hand, an equity method investor should not separately test an investee’s underlying indefinite-lived intangible asset for impairment, and is required to recognize other-than temporary impairments of an equity method investment in accordance with Opinion 18. This EITF is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.flows.

Note 29. Subsequent Events.Events

On January 28, 2009,February 27, 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors agreed to propose an ordinary dividend of Ps. 6,200 which represents an increase of 35% as compared to the dividend that was paid in 2011. This dividend was approved at the Annual Shareholders meeting on March 23, 2012.

On December 15, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA placed Ps. 2,000 millionand Grupo Fomento Queretano agreed to merge their beverage divisions. Grupo Fomento Queretano’s beverage division operates mainly incertificados bursátiles. A portion the state of Queretaro, as well as in parts of the proceeds from this placementstates of Mexico, Hidalgo and Guanajuato. The merger agreement was approved by both Coca-Cola FEMSA’s and Grupo Fomento Queretano’s Boards of Directors and is subject to the approval of the Comisión Federal de Competencia, the Mexican antitrust authority. The transaction will be used to make a partial paymentinvolve the issuance of approximately 45.1 million of theCertificado Bursátil KOF 03-6. The reminder will be used by Coca-Cola FEMSA’s newly issued series L shares, and in addition Coca-Cola FEMSA for general corporate purposes.will assume Ps. 1,221 in net debt. This transaction is expected to be completed in second quarter of 2012.

InOn February 2009,20, 2012, the Coca-Cola FEMSA jointlyentered into a 12-month exclusivity agreement with The Coca-Cola Company has closedto evaluate the potential acquisition of Brisa de Bavaria, a controlling ownership stake in the bottling operations owned by The Coca-Cola Company in the Philippines. This agreement does not require either party to enter into a transaction, and there can be no assurances that a definitive agreement will be executed.

On February 23, 2012, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SABMiller. The purchase priceMitsubishi Corporation and Stichting Depositary PGGM Infrastructure Funds, a pension fund managed by PGGM, acquired the 45% interest held by FEMSA on the parent companies of US$92 million was shared equally by Coca-Cola FEMSA.

AtEnergía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V., which we refer to as EAI, and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as EEM. EAI and EEM are the ordinary stockholders’ meetingowners of a 396 megawatt late-stage wind energy project in the south-eastern region of the State of Oaxaca. Certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, held on March 25, 2009, the stockholders approved a dividend of Ps. 0.4039435 Mexican pesos (nominal value) per series “B” shareFEMSA Comercio and Ps. 0.4847322 Mexican pesos (nominal value) per series “D” share. A 50% portion of the approved divided was paid on May 4, 2009. The rest will be paid on November 3, 2009. Additionally, the stockholders approved a maximum of Ps. 3,000 for a stock repurchase program.

At an ordinary stockholders meeting of Coca-Cola FEMSA heldhave entered into 20-years wind power supply agreements with ENAI and EEM to purchase energy output produced by such companies. The selling of FEMSA’s participation as and investor, will generated a gain on March 23, 2009, the stockholders approved a dividend of Ps. 1,344 million that was paid in April 2009. The corresponding payment to the minority interest was Ps. 622.disposal.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the StockholdersTo: The Executive and Supervisory Board of Heineken N.V.

FEMSA COMERCIO, S.A. de C.V.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetstatements ofFEMSA COMERCIO, S.A. de C.V. financial position of Heineken N.V. and Subsidiaries (a wholly-owned subsidiary of FOMENTO ECONÓMICO MEXICANO, S.A. de C.V.)subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010 and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ equitycash flows and changes in financial positionequity, for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (not presented separately herein).2011. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditaudits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements,statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, andas well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position ofFEMSA COMERCIO, S.A. de C.V. Heineken N.V. and Subsidiaries atsubsidiaries as of December 31, 2007,2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of their operations and the changes in their financial positioncash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,2011, in conformity with MexicanInternational Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

As discussed in note 2e to the financial statements, the Company has elected to change its method of accounting for employee benefits in 2011 with respect to the recognition of actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans. After the policy change, the Company recognizes all actuarial gains and losses in the period in which they occur, in other comprehensive income. In prior years, the Company applied the corridor method. The change in accounting policy was recognized retrospectively in accordance with IAS 8 ‘Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors’ and comparatives have been restated.

/s/ KPMG ACCOUNTANTS N.V.

Amsterdam, the Netherlands

February 14, 2012

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Income Statement

   Note   2011  2010* 
For the year ended 31 December           

In millions of EUR

           

Revenue

   5     17,123    16,133  

Other income

   8     64    239  

Raw materials, consumables and services

   9     (10,966  (10,291

Personnel expenses

   10     (2,838  (2,665

Amortisation, depreciation and impairments

   11     (1,168  (1,118

Total expenses

     (14,972  (14,074

Results from operating activities

     2,215    2,298  

Interest income

   12     70    100  

Interest expenses

   12     (494  (590

Other net finance income/(expenses)

   12     (6  (19

Net finance expenses

     (430  (509

Share of profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof (net of income tax)

   16     240    193  

Profit before income tax

     2,025    1,982  

Income tax expenses

   13     (465  (403

Profit

     1,560    1,579  

Attributable to:

     

Equity holders of the Company (net profit)

     1,430    1,447  

Non-controlling interests

     130    132  

Profit

     1,560    1,579  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares – basic

   23     585,100,381    562,234,726  

Weighted average number of shares – diluted

   23     586,277,702    563,387,135  

Basic earnings per share (EUR)

   23     2.44    2.57  

Diluted earnings per share (EUR)

   23     2.44    2.57  

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

   Note   2011  2010* 
For the year ended 31 December           

In millions of EUR

           

Profit

     1,560    1,579  

Other comprehensive income:

     

Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations

   24     (493  390  

Effective portion of change in fair value of cash flow hedges

   24     (21  43  

Effective portion of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss

   24     (11  45  

Ineffective portion of cash flow hedges

   24     —      9  

Net change in fair value available-for-sale investments

   24     71    11  

Net change in fair value available-for-sale investments transferred to profit or loss

   24     (1  (17

Actuarial gains and losses

   24/28     (93  99  

Share of other comprehensive income of associates/joint ventures

   24     (5  (29

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

   24     (553  551  

Total comprehensive income

     1,007    2,130  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

Attributable to:

     

Equity holders of the Company

     884    1,983  

Non-controlling interests

     123    147  

Total comprehensive income

     1,007    2,130  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

   Note   2011   2010* 
As at 31 December            

In millions of EUR

            

Assets

      

Property, plant & equipment

   14     7,860     7,687  

Intangible assets

   15     10,835     10,890  

Investments in associates and joint ventures

   16     1,764     1,673  

Other investments and receivables

   17     1,129     1,103  

Advances to customers

   32     357     449  

Deferred tax assets

   18     474     542  

Total non-current assets

     22,419     22,344  

Inventories

   19     1,352     1,206  

Other investments

   17     14     17  

Trade and other receivables

   20     2,260     2,273  

Prepayments and accrued income

     170     206  

Cash and cash equivalents

   21     813     610  

Assets classified as held for sale

   7     99     6  

Total current assets

     4,708     4,318  

Total assets

     27,127     26,662  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity

      

Share capital

     922     922  

Share premium

     2,701     2,701  

Reserves

     498     814  

Allotted Share Delivery Instrument

     —       666  

Retained earnings

     5,653     4,829  

Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company

     9,774     9,932  

Non-controlling interests

     318     288  

Total equity

   22     10,092     10,220  

Liabilities

      

Loans and borrowings

   25     8,199     8,078  

Tax liabilities

     160     178  

Employee benefits

   28     1,174     1,097  

Provisions

   30     449     475  

Deferred tax liabilities

   18     894     991  

Total non-current liabilities

     10,876     10,819  

Bank overdrafts

   21     207     132  

Loans and borrowings

   25     981     862  

Trade and other payables

   31     4,624     4,265  

Tax liabilities

     207     241  

Provisions

   30     140     123  

Liabilities classified as held for sale

   7     —       —    

Total current liabilities

     6,159     5,623  

Total liabilities

     17,035     16,442  

Total equity and liabilities

     27,127     26,662  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

   Note   2011  2010* 
For the year ended 31 December           

In millions of EUR

           

Operating activities

     

Profit

     1,560    1,579  

Adjustments for:

     

Amortisation, depreciation and impairments

   11     1,168    1,118  

Net interest expenses

   12     424    490  

Gain on sale of property, plant & equipment, intangible assets and subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates

   8     (64  (239

Investment income and share of profit and impairments of associates and joint ventures and dividend income on AFS and HFT investments

     (252  (200

Income tax expenses

   13     465    403  

Other non-cash items

     244    163  

Cash flow from operations before changes in working capital and provisions

     3,545    3,314  

Change in inventories

     (145  95  

Change in trade and other receivables

     (21  515  

Change in trade and other payables

     417    (156

Total change in working capital

     251    454  

Change in provisions and employee benefits

     (76  (220

Cash flow from operations

     3,720    3,548  

Interest paid

     (485  (554

Interest received

     65    15  

Dividend received

     137    91  

Income taxes paid

     (526  (443

Cash flow related to interest, dividend and income tax

     (809  (891

Cash flow from operating activities

     2,911    2,657  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

Investing activities

     

Proceeds from sale of property, plant & equipment and intangible assets

     101    113  

Purchase of property, plant & equipment

   14     (800  (648

Purchase of intangible assets

   15     (56  (56

Loans issued to customers and other investments

     (127  (145

Repayment on loans to customers

     64    72  

Cash flow (used in)/from operational investing activities

     (818  (664

Free operating cash flow

     2,093    1,993  

Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired

   6     (806  17  

Acquisition/Additions of associates, joint ventures and other investments

     (166  (77

Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed of

     (9  270  

Disposal of associates, joint ventures and other investments

     44    47  

Cash flow (used in)/from acquisitions and disposals

     (937  257  

Cash flow (used in)/from investing activities

     (1,755  (407
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Statement of Cash Flowscontinued

   Note   2011  2010* 
For the year ended 31 December 2011           

In millions of EUR

           

Financing activities

     

Proceeds from loans and borrowings

     1,782    1,920  

Repayment of loans and borrowings

     (1,587  (3,127

Dividends paid

     (580  (483

Purchase own shares

     (687  (381

Acquisition of non-controlling interests

     (11  (92

Disposal of interests without a change in control

     43    —    

Other

     6    (9

Cash flow (used in)/from financing activities

     (1,034  (2,172
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Cash Flow

     122    78  

Cash and cash equivalents as at 1 January

     478    364  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     6    36  

Cash and cash equivalents as at 31 December

   21     606    478  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

In millions of EUR

 Note  Share
capital
  Share
Premium
  Translation
reserve
  Hedging
reserve
  Fair
value
reserve
  Other
legal
reserves
  Reserve
for own
shares
  ASDI  Retained
earnings
  Equity
attributable
to equity
holders of the
Company
  Non-
controlling
interests
  Total
equity*
 

Balance as at 1 January 2010

   784    —      (451  (124  100    676    (42  —      4,408    5,351    296    5,647  

Policy changes (note 2e)

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (397  (397  —      (397

Restated balance as at 1 January 2010

   784    —      (451  (124  100    676    (42  —      4,011    4,954    296    5,250  

Other comprehensive income

  24    —      —      358    97    (10  75    —      —      16    536    15    551  

Profit

   —      —      —      —      —      241    —      —      1,206    1,447    132    1,579  

Total comprehensive income

   —      —      358    97    (10  316    —      —      1,222    1,983    147    2,130  

Transfer to retained earnings

   —      —      —      —      —      (93  —      —      93    —      —      —    

Dividends to shareholders

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (351  (351  (138  (489

Share issued

   138    2,701    —      —      —      —      —      1,026    —      3,865    —      3,865  

Purchase/re issuance own/non-controlling shares

   —      —      —      —      —      —      (381  —      —      (381  —      (381

Allotted Share Delivery Instrument

   —      —      —      —      —      —      362    (360  (2  —      —      —    

Own shares delivered

   —      —      —      —      —      —      6    —      (6  —      —      —    

Share-based payments

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      15    15    —      15  

Share purchase mandate

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (96  (96  —      (96

Acquisition of non-controlling interests without a change in control

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (57  (57  (35  (92

Acquisition of non-controlling interests with a change in control

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      20    20  

Changes in consolidation

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (2  (2

Balance as at 31 December 2010

   922    2,701    (93  (27  90    899    (55  666    4,829    9,932    288    10,220  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)
**See note 22 for Hyperinflation impact

Heineken N.V. financial statements Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity continued

In millions of EUR

 Note  Share
capital
  Share
Premium
  Translation
reserve
  Hedging
reserve
  Fair
value
reserve
  Other
legal
reserves
  Reserve
for own
shares
  ASDI  Retained
earnings
  Equity
attributable
to equity
holders of the
Company
  Non-
controlling
interests
  Total
equity
 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

   922    2,701    (93  (27  90    899    (55  666    4,829    9,932    288    10,220  

Other comprehensive income **

  24    —      —      (482  (42  69    —      —      —      (91  (546  (7  (553

Profit

   —      —      —      —      —      253    —      —      1,177    1,430    130    1,560  

Total comprehensive income

   —      —      (482  (42  69    253    —      —      1,086    884    123    1,007  

Transfer to retained earnings

   —      —      —      —      —      (126  —      —      126    —      —      —    

Dividends to shareholders

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (474  (474  (97  (571

Purchase/reissuance own/non-controlling shares

   —      —      —      —      —      —      (687  —      —      (687  (1  (688

Allotted Share Delivery Instrument

   —      —      —      —      —      —      694    (666  (28  —      —      —    

Own shares delivered

   —      —      —      —      —      —      5    —      (5  —      —      —    

Share-based payments

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      11    11    —      11  

Share purchase mandate

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      96    96    —      96  

Acquisition of non-controlling interests without a change in control

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      (21  (21  (1  (22

Disposal of interests without a change in control

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      33    33    6    39  

Balance as at 31 December 2011

   922    2,701    (575  (69  159    1,026    (43  —      5,653    9,774    318    10,092  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

**See note 22 for Hyperinflation impact

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements

1. Reporting entity

HEINEKEN N.V. (the ‘Company’) is a company domiciled in the Netherlands. The address of the Company’s registered office is Tweede Weteringplantsoen 21, Amsterdam. The consolidated financial statements of the Company as at and for the year ended 31 December 2011 comprise the Company, its subsidiaries (together referred to as ‘HEINEKEN’ or the ‘Group’ and individually as ‘HEINEKEN’ entities) and HEINEKEN’s interest in jointly controlled entities and associates.

A summary of the main subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates is included in note 36 and 16 respectively.

HEINEKEN is primarily involved in the brewing and selling of beer.

2. Basis of preparation

(a)Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as endorsed by the EU and also comply with the financial reporting requirements included in Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code. All standards ,and interpretations issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) effective year-end 2011 have been adopted by the EU, except that the EU carved out certain hedge accounting provisions of IAS 39. The Company does not utilise this carve-out permitted by the EU, as it is not applicable. Consequently, the accounting policies applied by the Company also comply fully with IFRS as issued by the IASB. The Company presents a condensed income statement, using the facility of Article 402 of Part 9, Book 2, of the Dutch Civil Code.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Executive Board of the Company and authorised for issue on 14 February 2012 and will be submitted for adoption to the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders on 19 April 2012.

(b)Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following:

Available-for-sale investments

Derivative financial instruments

Liabilities for equity-settled share-based payment arrangements

Long-term interest-bearing liabilities on which fair value hedge accounting is applied

The defined benefit assets

The financial statements of subsidiaries whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy are stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period.

The methods used to measure fair values are discussed further in note 4.

(c)Functional and presentation currency

These consolidated financial statements are presented in euro, which is the Company’s functional currency. All financial information presented in euro has been rounded to the nearest million unless stated otherwise.

(d)Use of estimates and judgements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRSs requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ in certain significant respects from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting principles generally acceptedestimates are recognised in the United Statesperiod in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

In particular, information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties and critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements are described in the following notes:

Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals of America,subsidiaries and non-controlling interests

Note 15 Intangible assets

Note 16 Investments in associates and joint ventures

Note 17 Other investments and receivables

Note 18 Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Note 28 Employee benefits

Note 29 Share-based payments – Long-Term Variable award (LTV)

Note 30 Provisions

Note 32 Financial risk management and financial instruments

Note 34 Contingencies.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(e)Changes in accounting policies

Accounting for employee benefits

On 1 January 2011 HEINEKEN changed its accounting policy with respect to the recognition of actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans. After the policy change, HEINEKEN recognises all actuarial gains and losses arising immediately in other comprehensive income (OCI). In prior years, HEINEKEN applied the corridor method. To the extent that any cumulative unrecognised actuarial gain or loss exceeds ten percent of the greater of the present value of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets, that portion was recognised in profit or loss over the expected average remaining working lives of the employees participating in the plan. Otherwise, the actuarial gain or loss was not recognised. As such, this change means that deferral of actuarial gains and losses within the corridor are no longer applied.

HEINEKEN believes this accounting policy change provides more relevant information as all amounts will be recognised on balance, which is consistent with industry practice and in accordance with the amended reporting standard of Employee Benefits as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board on 16 June 2011.

The change in accounting policy was recognised retrospectively in accordance with IAS 8 ‘Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors’, and comparatives have been restated. This results in a EUR15 million and EUR11 million positive impact on ‘Results from operating activities’ and ‘Net profit’ for the year ended 31 December 2010, respectively. The adjustment results in a EUR296 million decline in ‘Total Equity’ for the full year 2010 on Group level. No statement of financial position as at 1 January 2010 has been included. The information included below provides insight in all balance sheet items affected by this change in policy.

The following table summarises the transitional adjustments on implementation of the new accounting policy for the full year 2010:

In millions of EUR

  Employee Benefit
obligation
   Deferred Tax
Assets
   Retained
earnings/profit
or loss
 

Balance as reported at 1 January 2010

   634     561     4,408  

Effect of policy change on 1 January 2010 retained earnings

   548     151     (397

Restated balance at 1 January 2010

   1,182     712     4,011  

Balance as reported at 31 December 2010

   687     429     5,125  

Effect of policy change during 2010 on retained earnings

   410     113     (307

P&L impact for the period 2010

   —       —       11  

Restated balance at 31 December 2010

   1,097     542     4,829  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The 2010 amounts as included in the notes to these consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December 2010 have been restated as a result of this policy change.

3. Significant accounting policies

General

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements and have been applied consistently by HEINEKEN entities.

(a)Basis of consolidation

(i)Business combinations

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is transferred to the Group. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, the Group takes into consideration potential voting rights that currently are exercisable.

The Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as the fair value of the consideration transferred plus the fair value of any previously-held equity interest in the acquiree and the recognised amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, less the net recognised amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

The consideration transferred does not includes amounts related to the settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts are generally recognised in profit or loss.

Costs related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, that the Group incurs in connection with a business combination are expensed as incurred.

Any contingent consideration payable is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, it is not remeasured and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent considerations are recognised in profit or loss.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(ii)Acquisitions of non-controlling interests

Acquisitions of non-controlling interests are accounted for as transactions with owners in their capacity as owners and therefore no goodwill is recognised as a result. Adjustments to non-controlling interests arising from transactions that do not involve the loss of control are based on a proportionate amount of the net assets of the subsidiary.

(iii)Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by HEINEKEN. Control exists when HEINEKEN has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that currently are exercisable or convertible are taken into account. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by HEINEKEN. Losses applicable to the non-controlling interests in a subsidiary are allocated to the non-controlling interests even if doing so causes the non-controlling interests to have a deficit balance.

(iv)Special Purpose Entities (SPEs)

An SPE is consolidated if, based on an evaluation of the substance of its relationship with HEINEKEN and the SPE’s risks and rewards, HEINEKEN concludes that it controls the SPE. SPEs controlled by HEINEKEN were established under terms that impose strict limitations on the decision-making powers of the SPE’s management and that result in HEINEKEN receiving the majority of the benefits related to the SPE’s operations and net assets, being exposed to the majority of risks incident to the SPE’s activities, and retaining the majority of the residual or ownership risks related to the SPEs or their assets.

(v)Loss of control

Upon the loss of control, HEINEKEN derecognises the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any non-controlling interests and the other components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognised in profit or loss. If HEINEKEN retains any interest in the previous subsidiary, then such interest is measured at fair value at the date that control is lost. Subsequently it is accounted for as an equity-accounted investee or as an available-for-sale financial asset depending on the level of influence retained.

(vi)Investments in associates and joint ventures

Investments in associates are those entities in which HEINEKEN has significant influence, but not control, over the financial and operating policies. Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Group holds between 20 and 50 per cent of the voting power of another entity. Joint ventures are those entities over whose activities HEINEKEN has joint control, established by contractual agreement and requiring unanimous consent for strategic financial and operating decisions.

Investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method (equity-accounted investees) and are recognised initially at cost. The cost of the investment includes transaction costs.

The consolidated financial statements include HEINEKEN’s share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of HEINEKEN, from the date that significant influence or joint control commences until the date that significant influence or joint control ceases.

When HEINEKEN’s share of losses exceeds the carrying amount of the associate, including any long-term investments, the carrying amount is reduced to nil and recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that HEINEKEN has an obligation or has made a payment on behalf of the associate or joint venture.

(vii)Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Intra-HEINEKEN balances and transactions, and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intra-HEINEKEN transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. Unrealised gains arising from transactions with equity-accounted associates and JVs are eliminated against the investment to the extent of HEINEKEN’s interest in the investee. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment.

(b)Foreign currency

(i)Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of HEINEKEN entities at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at that date. The foreign currency gain or loss arising on monetary items is the difference between amortised cost in the functional currency at the beginning of the period, adjusted for effective interest and payments during the period, and the amortised cost in foreign currency translated at the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period.

Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at the date that the fair value was determined.

Non-monetary items in a foreign currency that are measured in terms of historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency differences arising on retranslation are recognised in profit or loss, except for differences arising on the retranslation of available-for-sale (equity) investments and foreign currency differences arising on the retranslation of a financial liability designated as a hedge of a net investment, which are recognised in other comprehensive income.

Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at cost remain translated into the functional currency at historical exchange rates.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(ii)Foreign operations

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition, are translated to euro at exchange rates at the reporting date. The income and expenses of foreign operations, excluding foreign operations in hyperinflationary economies, are translated to euro at exchange rates approximating the exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. Group entities, with a functional currency being the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, first restate their financial statements in accordance with IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies (see ‘Reporting in hyperinflationary economies’ below). The related income, costs and balance sheet amounts are translated at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the balance sheet date.

Foreign currency differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and are presented within equity in the translation reserve. However, if the operation is a non-wholly-owned subsidiary, then the relevant proportionate share of the translation difference is allocated to the non-controlling interests. When a foreign operation is disposed of such that control, significant influence or joint control is lost, the cumulative amount in the translation reserve related to that foreign operation is reclassified to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal. When HEINEKEN disposes of only part of its interest in a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation while retaining control, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reattributed to non-controlling interests. When HEINEKEN disposes of only part of its investment in an associate or joint venture that includes a foreign operation while retaining significant influence or joint control, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reclassified to profit or loss.

Foreign exchange gains and losses arising from a monetary item receivable from or payable to a foreign operation, the settlement of which is neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future, are considered to form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are recognised in other comprehensive income, and are presented within equity in the translation reserve.

The following exchange rates, for the most important countries in which HEINEKEN has operations, were used while preparing these consolidated financial statements:

   Year-end   Year-end   Average   Average 

In EUR

  2011   2010   2011   2010 

BRL

   0.4139     0.4509     0.4298     0.4289  

GBP

   1.1972     1.1618     1.1522     1.1657  

MXN

   0.0554     0.0604     0.0578     0.0598  

NGN

   0.0049     0.0050     0.0047     0.0051  

PLN

   0.2243     0.2516     0.2427     0.2503  

RUB

   0.0239     0.0245     0.0245     0.0248  

USD

   0.7729     0.7484     0.7184     0.7543  

(iii)Reporting in hyperinflationary economies

When the economy of a country in which we operate is deemed hyperinflationary and the functional currency of a Group entity is the currency of that hyperinflationary economy, the financial statements of such Group entities are adjusted so that they are stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period. This involves restatement of income and expenses to reflect changes in the general price index from the start of the reporting period and, restatement of non-monetary items in the balance sheet, such as P, P & E to reflect current purchasing power as at the period end using a general price index from the date when they were first recognised. Comparative amounts are not adjusted. Any differences arising were recorded in equity on adoption.

(iv)Hedge of net investments in foreign operations

Foreign currency differences arising on the retranslation of a financial liability designated as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation are recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent that the hedge is effective and regardless of whether the net investment is held directly or through an intermediate parent. These differences are presented within equity in the translation reserve. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, such differences are recognised in profit or loss. When the hedged part of a net investment is disposed of, the relevant amount in the translation reserve is transferred to profit or loss as part of the profit or loss on disposal.

(c)Non-derivative financial instruments

(i)General

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments in equity and debt securities, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables.

Non-derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value plus, for instruments not at fair value through profit or loss, any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition non-derivative financial instruments are measured as described hereafter.

If HEINEKEN has a legal right to offset financial assets with financial liabilities and if HEINEKEN intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously then financial assets and liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position as a net amount.

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. Bank overdrafts form an integral part of HEINEKEN’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows.

Accounting policies for interest income, interest expenses and other net finance income and expenses are discussed in note 3r.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(ii)Held-to-maturity investments

If HEINEKEN has the positive intent and ability to hold debt securities to maturity, they are classified as held-to-maturity. Debt securities are loans and long-term receivables and are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. Investments held-to-maturity are recognised or derecognised on the day they are transferred to or by HEINEKEN.

(iii)Available-for-sale investments

HEINEKEN’s investments in equity securities and certain debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at fair value and changes therein – other than impairment losses (see note 3i(i)), and foreign currency differences on available-for-sale monetary items (see note 3b(i)) – are recognised in other comprehensive income and presented within equity in the fair value reserve. When these investments are derecognised, the relevant cumulative gain or loss in the fair value reserve is transferred to profit or loss.

Where these investments are interest-bearing, interest calculated using the effective interest method is recognised in the profit or loss. Available-for-sale investments are recognised or derecognised by HEINEKEN on the date it commits to purchase or sell the investments.

(iv)Investments at fair value through profit or loss

An investment is classified at fair value through profit or loss if it is classified as held for trading or is designated as such upon initial recognition. Investments are designated at fair value through profit or loss if HEINEKEN manages such investments and makes purchase and sale decisions based on their fair value in accordance with HEINEKEN’s documented risk management or investment strategy. Upon initial recognition, attributable transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

Investments at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value, with changes therein recognised in profit or loss as part of the other net finance income/(expenses). Investments at fair value through profit and loss are recognised or derecognised by HEINEKEN on the date it commits to purchase or sell the investments.

(v)Other

Other non-derivative financial instruments are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. Included in non-derivative financial instruments are advances to customers. Subsequently, the advances are amortised over the term of the contract as a reduction of revenue.

(d)Derivative financial instruments (including hedge accounting)

(i)General

HEINEKEN uses derivatives in the ordinary course of business in order to manage market risks. Generally HEINEKEN seeks to apply hedge accounting in order to minimise the effects of foreign currency, interest rate or commodity price fluctuations in profit or loss.

Derivatives that can be used are interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, caps and floors, commodity swaps, spot and forward exchange contracts and options. Transactions are entered into with a limited number of counterparties with strong credit ratings. Foreign currency, interest rate and commodity hedging operations are governed by internal policies and rules approved and monitored by the Executive Board.

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value, with attributable transaction costs recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Derivatives for which hedge accounting is not applied are accounted for as instruments at fair value through profit or loss. When derivatives qualify for hedge accounting, subsequent measurement is at fair value, and changes therein accounted for as described in 3b(iv), 3d(ii) and 3d(iii).

(ii)Cash flow hedges

Changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument designated as a cash flow hedge are recognised in other comprehensive income and presented in the hedging reserve within equity to the extent that the hedge is effective. To the extent that the hedge is ineffective, changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss.

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued and the cumulative unrealised gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income and presented in the hedging reserve in equity, is recognised in profit or loss immediately, or when a hedging instrument is terminated, but the hedged transaction still is expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss at that point remains in other comprehensive income and is recognised in accordance with the above-mentioned policy when the transaction occurs. When the hedged item is a non-financial asset, the amount recognised in other comprehensive income is transferred to the carrying amount of the asset when it is recognised. In other cases the amount recognised in other comprehensive income is transferred to the same line of profit or loss in the same period that the hedged item affects profit or loss.

(iii)Fair value hedges

Changes in the fair value of a derivative hedging instrument designated as a fair value hedge are recognised in profit or loss. The hedged item also is stated at fair value in respect of the risk being hedged; the gain or loss attributable to the hedged risk is recognised in profit or loss and adjusts the carrying amount of the hedged item.

If the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, the adjustment to the carrying amount of a hedged item for which the effective interest method is used is amortised to profit or loss over the period to maturity.

(iv)Separable embedded derivatives

Embedded derivatives are separated from the host contract and accounted for separately if the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract and the embedded derivative are not closely related, a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative would meet the definition of a derivative, and the combined instrument is not measured at fair value through profit or loss. Changes in the fair value of separable embedded derivatives are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(e)Share capital

(i)Ordinary shares

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

(ii)Repurchase of share capital (treasury shares)

When share capital recognised as equity is repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, which includes directly attributable costs, is net of any tax effects recognised as a deduction from equity. Repurchased shares are classified as treasury shares and are presented in the reserve for own shares.

When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognised as an increase inequity, and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is transferred to or from retained earnings.

(iii)Dividends

Dividends are recognised as a liability in the period in which they are declared.

(f)Property, Plant and Equipment (P, P & E)

(i)Owned assets

Items of P, P & E are measured at cost less government grants received (refer (q)), accumulated depreciation (refer (iv)) and accumulated impairment losses (3i(ii)).

Cost comprises the initial purchase price increased with expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset (like transports and non-recoverable taxes). The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials and direct labour and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended use (like an appropriate proportion of production overheads), and the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located. Borrowing costs related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. Cost also may include transfers from equity of any gain or loss on qualifying cash flow hedges of foreign currency purchases of P, P & E.

Spare parts that are acquired as part of an equipment purchase and only to be used in connection with this specific equipment are capitalised and amortised as part of the equipment. For example, purchased software that is integral to the functionality of the related equipment is capitalised as part of that equipment. In all other cases spare parts are carried as inventory and recognised in profit and loss as consumed. Where an item of P, P & E comprises major components having different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of P, P & E.

Returnable bottles and kegs in circulation are recorded within P, P & E and a corresponding liability is recorded in respect of the obligation to repay the customers’ deposits. Deposits paid by customers for returnable items are reflected in the consolidated statement of financial position within current liabilities.

(ii)Leased assets

Leases in terms of which HEINEKEN assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Upon initial recognition P, P & E acquired by way of finance lease is measured at an amount equal to the lower of its fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments at inception of the lease. Lease payments are apportioned between the outstanding liability and finance charges so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Other leases are operating leases and are not recognised in HEINEKEN’s statement of financial position. Payments made under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. When an operating lease is terminated before the lease period has expired, any payment required to be made to the lessor by way of penalty is recognised as an expense in the period in which termination takes place.

(iii)Subsequent expenditure

The cost of replacing a part of an item of P, P & E is recognised in the carrying amount of the item or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to HEINEKEN and its cost can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of P, P & E are recognised in profit or loss when incurred.

(iv)Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated over the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value.

Land is not depreciated as it is deemed to have an infinite life. Depreciation on other P, P & E is charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of items of P, P & E, and major components that are accounted for separately, since this most closely reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset. Assets under construction are not depreciated. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonable certain that HEINEKEN will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative years are as follows:

•      Buildings

30 – 40 years

•      Plant and equipment

10 – 30 years

•      Other fixed assets

3 – 10 years

Where parts of an item of P, P & E have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of P, P & E.

The depreciation methods, residual value as well as the useful lives are reassessed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each financial year-end.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(v)Gains and losses on sale

Net gains on sale of items of P, P & E are presented in profit or loss as other income. Net losses on sale are included in depreciation. Net gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably, and there is no continuing management involvement with the P, P & E.

(g)Intangible assets

(i)Goodwill

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures and represents the excess of the cost of the acquisition over HEINEKEN’s interest in net fair value of the net identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquiree.

Goodwill on acquisitions of subsidiaries is included in ‘intangible assets’. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of associates and joint ventures is included in the carrying amount of the associate, respectively the joint ventures. In respect of acquisitions prior to 1 October 2003, goodwill is included on the basis of deemed cost, being the amount recorded under previous GAAP. Goodwill on acquisitions purchased before 1 January 2003 has been deducted from equity.

Goodwill arising on the acquisition of a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary represents the excess of the cost of the additional investment over the carrying amount of the interest in the net assets acquired at the date of exchange.

Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses (refer accounting policy 3i(ii)). Goodwill is allocated to individual or groups of cash-generating units (CGUs) for the purpose of impairment testing and is tested annually for impairment. Negative goodwill is recognised directly in profit or loss as other income.

(ii)Brands

Brands acquired, separately or as part of a business combination, are capitalised if they meet the definition of an intangible asset and the recognition criteria are satisfied.

Brands acquired as part of a business combination are valued at fair value based on the royalty relief method. Brands acquired separately are measured at cost.

Strategic brands are well-known international/local brands with a strong market position and an established brand name. Strategic brands are amortised on an individual basis over the estimated useful life of the brand. Other brands are amortised on a portfolio basis per country.

(iii)Customer-related and contract-based intangibles

Customer-related and contract-based intangibles are capitalised if they meet the definition of an intangible asset and the recognition criteria are satisfied. If the amounts are not material these are included in the brand valuation. The relationship between brands and customer-related intangibles is carefully considered so that brands and customer-related intangibles are not both recognised on the basis of the same cash flows.

Customer-related and contract-based intangibles acquired as part of a business combination are valued at fair value. Customer-related and contract-based intangibles acquired separately are measured at cost.

Customer-related and contract-based intangibles are amortised over the remaining useful life of the customer relationships or the period of the contractual arrangements.

(iv)Software, research and development and other intangible assets

Purchased software is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation (refer (vi)) and impairment losses (refer accounting policy 3i(ii)). Expenditure on internally developed software is capitalised when the expenditure qualifies as development activities, otherwise it is recognised in profit or loss when incurred.

Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospect of gaining new technical knowledge and understanding, is recognised in profit or loss when incurred.

Development activities involve a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved products, software and processes. Development expenditure is capitalised only if development costs can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and HEINEKEN intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. The expenditure capitalised includes the cost of materials, direct labour and overhead costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use, and capitalised borrowing costs. Other development expenditure is recognised in profit or loss when incurred.

Capitalised development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation (refer (vi)) and accumulated impairment losses (refer accounting policy 3i(ii)).

Other intangible assets that are acquired by HEINEKEN and have finite useful lives, are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation (refer (vi)) and impairment losses (refer accounting policy 3i(ii)). Expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands is recognised in profit or loss when incurred.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(v)Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is expensed when incurred.

(vi)Amortisation

Amortisation is calculated over the cost of the asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value. Intangible assets with a finite life are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, other than goodwill, from the date they are available for use, since this most closely reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

•      Strategic brands

40 – 50 years

•      Other brands

15 – 25 years

•      Customer-related and contract-based intangibles

5 – 20 years

•      Software

3 – 7 years

•      Capitalised development costs

3 years

Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

(vii)Gains and losses on sale

Net gains on sale of intangible assets are presented in profit or loss as other income. Net losses on sale are included in amortisation. Net gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably, and there is no continuing management involvement with the intangible assets.

(h)Inventories

(i)General

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is based on the weighted average cost formula, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses.

(ii)Finished products and work in progress

Finished products and work in progress are measured at manufacturing cost based on weighted averages and takes into account the production stage reached. Costs include an appropriate share of direct production overheads based on normal operating capacity.

(iii)Other inventories and spare parts

The cost of other inventories is based on weighted averages. Spare parts are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Value reductions and usage of parts are charged to profit or loss. Spare parts that are acquired as part of an equipment purchase and only to be used in connection with this specific equipment are initially capitalised and depreciated as part of the equipment.

(i)Impairment

(i)Financial assets

A financial asset is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is considered to be impaired if objective evidence indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying amount, and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. An impairment loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset is calculated by reference to its current fair value.

Individually significant financial assets are tested for impairment on an individual basis. The remaining financial assets are assessed collectively in groups that share similar credit risk characteristics.

All impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Any cumulative loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset recognised previously in other comprehensive income and presented in the fair value reserve in equity is transferred to profit or loss.

An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognised. For financial assets measured at amortised cost and available-for-sale financial assets that are debt securities, the reversal is recognised in profit or loss. For available-for-sale financial assets that are equity securities, the reversal is recognised in other comprehensive income.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(ii)Non-financial assets

The carrying amounts of HEINEKEN’s non-financial assets, other than inventories (refer accounting policy (h) and deferred tax assets (refer accounting policy (s)), are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. For goodwill and intangible assets that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is estimated each year at the same time.

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU.

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the ‘CGU’).

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination, is allocated to each of the acquirer’s CGUs, or groups of CGUs, that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Each unit or group of units to which the goodwill is allocated represents the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. Goodwill is monitored on regional, sub regional or country level depending on the characteristics of the acquisition, the synergies to be achieved and the level of integration.

An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. A CGU is the smallest identifiable asset group that generates cash flows that largely are independent from other assets and groups. Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in respect of CGU are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the units and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis. An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognised in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.

Goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of an investment in an associate and joint venture is not recognised separately, and therefore is not tested for impairment separately. Instead, the entire amount of the investment in an associate and joint venture is tested for impairment as a single asset when there is objective evidence that the investment in an associate may be impaired.

(j)Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, that are expected to be recovered primarily through sale rather than through continuing use, are classified as held for sale. Immediately before classification as held for sale, the assets, or components of a disposal group, are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell. Any impairment loss on a disposal group is first allocated to goodwill, and then to remaining assets and liabilities on a pro rata basis, except that no loss is allocated to inventories, financial assets, deferred tax assets and employee benefit assets, which continue to be measured in accordance with HEINEKEN’s accounting policies. Impairment losses on initial classification as held for sale and subsequent gains or losses on remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. Gains are not recognised in excess of any cumulative impairment loss.

Intangible assets and P, P & E once classified as held for sale are not amortised or depreciated. In addition, equity accounting of equity-accounted investees ceases once classified as held for sale or distribution.

(k)Employee benefits

(i)Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan (pension plan) under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods.

Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods during which services are rendered by employees. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available. Contributions to a defined contribution plan that are due more than 12 months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the service are discounted to their present value.

(ii)Defined benefit plans

A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan (pension plan) that is not a defined contribution plan. Typically defined benefit plans define an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement, usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation.

HEINEKEN’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit pension plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Any unrecognised past service costs and the fair value of any plan assets are deducted. The discount rate is the yield at balance sheet date on AA-rated bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of HEINEKEN’s obligations and that are denominated in the same currency in which the benefits are expected to be paid.

The calculations are performed annually by qualified actuaries using the projected unit credit method. When the calculation results in a benefit to HEINEKEN, the recognised asset is limited to the net total of any unrecognised past service costs and the present value of economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan. In order to calculate the present value of economic benefits, consideration is given to any minimum funding requirements that apply to any plan in the Group. An economic benefit is available to the Group if it is realisable during the life of the plan, or on settlement of the plan liabilities.

When the benefits of a plan are improved, the portion of the increased benefit relating to past service by employees is recognised as an expense in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. To the extent that the benefits vest immediately, the expense is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

HEINEKEN recognises all actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans immediately in other comprehensive income and all expenses related to defined benefit plans in personnel expenses in profit or loss.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(iii)Other long-term employee benefits

HEINEKEN’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits, other than pension plans, is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and the fair value of any related assets is deducted. The discount rate is the yield at balance sheet date on high-quality credit-rated bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of HEINEKEN’s obligations. The obligation is calculated using the projected unit credit method. Any actuarial gains and losses are recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

(iv)Termination benefits

Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated by the Group before the normal retirement date, or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits.

Termination benefits are recognised as an expense when HEINEKEN is demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal, or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy. Termination benefits for voluntary redundancies are recognised if HEINEKEN has made an offer encouraging voluntary redundancy, it is probable that the offer will be accepted, and the number of acceptances can be estimated reliably.

Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the balance sheet date are discounted to their present value.

(v)Share-based payment plan (LTV)

As from 1 January 2005 HEINEKEN established a share plan for the Executive Board and as from 1 January 2006 HEINEKEN also established a share plan for senior management (see note 29).

The grant date fair value of the share rights granted is recognised as personnel expenses with a corresponding increase in equity (equity-settled), over the period that the employees become unconditionally entitled to the share rights. The costs of the share plan for both the Executive Board and senior management members are spread evenly over the performance period.

At each balance sheet date, HEINEKEN revises its estimates of the number of share rights that are expected to vest, for the 100 per cent internal performance conditions of the share plan 2010 – 2012 and the share plan 2011– 2013 of the senior management members and the Executive Board and for the 75 per cent internal performance conditions of the share plan 2008– 2010 and 2009 – 2011 of the senior management members. It recognises the impact of the revision of original estimates – only applicable for internal performance conditions, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity. The fair value for the share plan 2009 – 2011 is measured at grant date using the Monte Carlo model taking into account the terms and conditions of the plan.

(vi)Matching share entitlement

As from 21 April 2011 HEINEKEN established a matching share entitlement for the Executive Board. The grant date fair value of the matching shares is recognised as personnel expenses in the income statement as it is deemed an equity settled incentive.

(vii)Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and 22are expensed as the related service is provided.

A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term benefits if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

(l)Provisions

(i)General

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, HEINEKEN has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures to be expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognised as part of the net finance expenses.

(ii)Restructuring

A provision for restructuring is recognised when HEINEKEN has approved a detailed and formal restructuring plan, and the restructuring has either commenced or has been announced publicly. Future operating losses are not provided for. The provision includes the benefit commitments in connection with early retirement and redundancy schemes.

(iii)Onerous contracts

A provision for onerous contracts is recognised when the expected benefits to be derived by HEINEKEN from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is established, HEINEKEN recognises any impairment loss on the assets associated with that contract.

(iv)Other

The other provisions, not being provisions for restructuring or onerous contracts, consist mainly of surety and guarantees, litigation and claims and environmental provisions.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(m)Loans and borrowings

Loans and borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Loans and borrowings are subsequently stated at amortised cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Loans and borrowings included in a fair value hedge are stated at fair value in respect of the risk being hedged.

Loans and borrowings for which the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the balance sheet date, are classified as non-current liabilities.

(n)Revenue

(i)Products sold

Revenue from the sale of products in the ordinary course of business is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of sales tax, excise duties, returns, customer discounts and other sales-related discounts. Revenue from the sale of products is recognised in profit or loss when the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of products can be estimated reliably, and there is no continuing management involvement with the products.

If it is probable that discounts will be granted and the amount can be measured reliably, then the discount is recognised as a reduction of revenue as the sales are recognised.

(ii)Other revenue

Other revenues are proceeds from royalties, rental income, pub management services and technical services to third parties, net of sales tax. Royalties are recognised in profit or loss on an accrual basis in accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement. Rental income, pub management services and technical services are recognised in profit or loss when the services have been delivered.

(o)Other income

Other income are gains from sale of P, P & E, intangible assets and (interests in) subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates, net of sales tax. They are recognised in profit or loss when ownership has been transferred to the buyer.

(p)Expenses

(i)Operating lease payments

Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised in profit or loss as an integral part of the total lease expense, over the term of the lease.

(ii)Finance lease payments

Minimum lease payments under finance leases are apportioned between the finance expense and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Contingent lease payments are accounted for by revising the minimum lease payments over the remaining term of the lease when the lease adjustment is confirmed.

(q)Government grants

Government grants are recognised at their fair value when it is reasonably assured that HEINEKEN will comply with the conditions attaching to them and the grants will be received.

Government grants relating to P, P & E are deducted from the carrying amount of the asset.

Government grants relating to costs are deferred and recognised in profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate.

(r)Interest income, interest expenses and other net finance income and expenses

Interest income and expenses are recognised as they accrue in profit or loss, using the effective interest method unless collectability is in doubt.

Borrowing costs that are not directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

Other net finance income and expenses comprises dividend income, gains and losses on the disposal of available-for-sale investments, changes in the fair value of investments designated at fair value through profit or loss and held for trading investments, changes in fair value of hedging instruments that are recognised in profit or loss, unwinding of the discount on provisions and impairment losses recognised on investments. Dividend income is recognised in profit or loss on the date that HEINEKEN’s right to receive payment is established, which in the case of quoted securities is the ex-dividend date.

Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis in the other net finance income and expenses.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(s)Income tax

Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected income tax payable or receivable in respect of taxable profit or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to income tax payable in respect of profits of previous years. Current tax payable also includes any tax liability arising from the declaration of dividends.

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their tax bases.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised for the following temporary differences: (i) the initial recognition of goodwill, (ii) the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, (iii) differences relating to investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates resulting from translation of foreign operations and (iv) differences relating to investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different taxable entities which intend either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

In determining the amount of current and deferred tax the Company takes into account the impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due. The Company believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open tax years based on its assessment of many factors, including interpretations of tax law and prior experience. This assessment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of judgements about future events. New information may become available that causes the Company to change its judgement regarding the adequacy of existing tax liabilities; such changes to tax liabilities will impact tax expense in the period that such a determination is made.

A deferred tax asset is recognised for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised.

(t)Discontinued operations

A discontinued operation is a component of the Group’s business that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations that has been disposed of or is held for sale or distribution, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. Classification as a discontinued operation occurs upon disposal or when the operation meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, if earlier. When an operation is classified as a discontinued operation, the comparative statement of comprehensive income is re-presented as if the operation had been discontinued from the start of the comparative year.

(u)Earnings per share

HEINEKEN presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period including the weighted average of outstanding ASDI, adjusted for the weighted average of own shares purchased in the year. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding including weighted average of outstanding ASDI, adjusted for the weighted average of own shares purchased in the year, for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, which comprise share rights granted to employees.

(v)Cash flow statement

The cash flow statement is prepared using the indirect method. Changes in balance sheet items that have not resulted in cash flows such as translation differences, fair value changes, equity-settled share-based payments and other non-cash items, have been eliminated for the purpose of preparing this statement. Assets and liabilities acquired as part of a business combination are included in investing activities (net of cash acquired). Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders are included in financing activities. Dividends received are classified as operating activities. Interest paid is also included in operating activities.

(w)Operating segments

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Executive Board, who is considered to be the Group’s chief operating decision maker. An operating segment is a component of HEINEKEN that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of HEINEKEN’s other components. All operating segments’ operating results are reviewed regularly by the Executive Board to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and to assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available.

Inter-segment transfers or transactions are entered into under the normal commercial terms and conditions that would also be available to unrelated third parties.

Segment results, assets and liabilities that are reported to the Executive Board include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis. Unallocated result items comprise net finance expenses and income tax expenses. Unallocated assets comprise current other investments and cash call deposits.

Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire P, P & E, and intangible assets other than goodwill.

(x)Emission rights

Emission rights are related to the emission of CO2, which relates to the production of energy. These rights are freely tradable. Bought emission rights and liabilities due to production of CO2 are measured at cost, including any directly attributable expenditure. Emission rights received for free are also recorded at cost, i.e. with a zero value.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

(y)Recently issued IFRS

(i)Standards effective in 2011 and reflected in these consolidated financial statements

IAS 19 Pensions and IFRIC 14 (amendments effective 1 January 2011) – The limit on a Defined Benefit Assets, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interaction. These amendments remove unintended consequences arising from the treatment of prepayments where there is a minimum funding requirement. These amendments result in prepayments of contributions in certain circumstances being recognised as an asset rather than an expense.

IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosure (amendments effective 1 January 2011). The amendments add an explicit statement that qualitative disclosure should be made to better enable users to evaluate an entity’s exposure to risk arising from financial instruments. These amendments are reflected in disclosure note 32 Financial Instruments.

Other standards and interpretations effective from 1 January 2011 did not have a significant impact on the Company.

(ii)New relevant standards and interpretations not yet adopted

The following new standards and interpretations to existing standards relevant to HEINEKEN are not yet effective for the year ended 31 December 2011, and have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements. None of these is expected to have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements of HEINEKEN, except for IAS 19 Employee benefits and IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, which becomes mandatory for the Group’s 2013 consolidated financial statements. HEINEKEN is in the process of evaluating the impact of the applicability of the new standards. HEINEKEN does not plan to early adopt these standards and the extent of the impact has not been determined:

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements was amended in June 2011 for Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income with an effective date of 1 July 2012.

IAS 12 Deferred Tax: Recovery of Underlying Assets. The amendments introduce an exception to the general measurement requirements of IAS 12 Income Taxes in respect of investment properties measured at fair value. The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, in this limited circumstance, is based on a rebuttable presumption that the carrying amount of the investment property will be recovered entirely through sale. The presumption can be rebutted only if the investment property is depreciable and held within a business model whose objective is to consume substantially all of the asset’s economic benefits over the life of the asset.

IAS 19 Employee Benefits was amended. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013, but has not yet been endorsed by the EU. HEINEKEN is in the process of evaluating the impact of the applicability of the new standard.

IAS 27 Separate financial statements contains accounting and disclosure requirements for investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates when an entity prepares separate financial statements. The standard requires an entity preparing separate financial statements to account for those investments at cost or in accordance with IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.

IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures prescribes the accounting for investments in associates and sets out the requirements for the application of the equity method when accounting for investments in associates and joint ventures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. This amendment is in line with the new IFRS 11, which no longer gives entities the choice in accounting treatment for joint ventures, only the equity method is allowed. HEINEKEN already applied the equity method since 2008.

IFRS 7 Disclosures – Transfers of Financial Assets. The amendments introduce new disclosure requirements about transfers of financial assets, including disclosures for:

financial assets that are not derecognised in their entirety; and

financial assets that are derecognised in their entirety but for which the entity retains continuing involvement.

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments is part of the IASB’s wider project to replace IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’. IFRS 9 retains but simplifies the mixed measurement model and establishes two primary measurement categories for financial assets, amortised cost and fair value. The basis of classification depends on the entity’s business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2015, but has not yet been endorsed by the EU. HEINEKEN is in the process of evaluating the impact of the applicability of the new standard.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements establishes principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more other entities. This IFRS supersedes IAS 27 Consolidated and separate financial statements and SIC-12 Consolidation – Special purpose entities and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013.

IFRS 11 Joint arrangements establish principles for financial reporting by parties to a joint arrangement. This IFRS supersedes IAS 31 Interest in Joint Ventures and SIC-13 Jointly Controlled Entities – Non-monetary contributions by ventures and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. Under IFRS 11 the structure of the arrangement is no longer the only determinant for the accounting treatment and entities do no longer have a choice in accounting treatment. HEINEKEN is in the process of evaluating the impact of the applicability of the new standard.

IFRS 12 Disclosure of interests in other entities applies to entities that have an interest in a subsidiary, a joint arrangement, an associate or an unconsolidated structured entity. The IFRS is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. This IFRS integrates and make consistent the disclosure requirements for all entities mentioned above.

IFRS 13 Fair value measurement defines fair value; sets out in a single IFRS a framework for measuring fair value; and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. The IFRS is to be applied for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. The IFRS explains how to measure fair value for financial reporting. It does not require fair value measurements in addition to those already required or permitted by other IFRSs and is not intended to establish valuation standards or affect valuation practices outside financial reporting.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

4.Determination of fair values

(i)General

A number of HEINEKEN’s accounting policies and disclosures require the determination of fair value, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values have been determined for measurement and/or disclosure purposes based on the following methods. When applicable, further information about the assumptions made in determining fair values or for the purpose of impairment testing is disclosed in the notes specific to that asset or liability.

(ii)Property, plant and equipment

The fair value of P, P & E recognised as a result of a business combination is based on the quoted market prices for similar items when available and replacement cost when appropriate.

(iii)Intangible assets

The fair value of brands acquired in a business combination is based on the ‘relief of royalty’ method. The fair value of customer relationships acquired in a business combination is determined using the multi-period excess earnings method, whereby the subject asset is valued after deducting a fair return on all other assets that are part of creating the related cash flows. The fair value of other intangible assets is based on the discounted cash flows expected to be derived from the use and eventual sale of the assets.

(iv)Inventories

The fair value of inventories acquired in a business combination is determined based on its estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and sale, and a reasonable profit margin based on the effort required to complete and sell the inventories.

(v)Investments in equity and debt securities

The fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity investments and available-for-sale financial assets is determined by reference to their quoted closing bid price at the reporting date, or if unquoted, determined using an appropriate valuation technique. The fair value of held-to-maturity investments is determined for disclosure purposes only. In case the quoted price does not exist at the date of exchange or in case the quoted price exists at the date of exchange but was not used as the cost, the investments are valued indirectly based on discounted cash flow models.

(vi)Trade and other receivables

The fair value of trade and other receivables is estimated at the present value of future cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. This fair value is determined for disclosure purposes or when acquired in a business combination.

(vii) Derivative financial instruments

The fair value of derivative financial instruments is based on their listed market price, if available. If a listed market price is not available, then fair value is in general estimated by discounting the difference between the cash flows based on contractual price and the cash flows based on current price for the residual maturity of the contract using a risk-free interest rate (based on inter-bank interest rates).

Fair values reflect the credit risk of the instrument and include adjustments to take account of the credit risk of the Group entity and counterparty when appropriate.

(viii)Non-derivative financial instruments

Fair value, which is determined for disclosure purposes or when fair value hedge accounting is applied, is calculated based on the present value of future principal and interest cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. For finance leases the market rate of interest is determined by reference to similar lease agreements.

Fair values reflect the credit risk of the instrument and include adjustments to take account of the credit risk of the Group entity and counterparty when appropriate.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

5.Operating segments

HEINEKEN distinguishes the following six reportable segments:

Western Europe

Central and Eastern Europe

The Americas

Africa and the Middle East

Asia Pacific

Head Office and Other/eliminations.

The first five reportable segments as stated above are the Group’s business regions. These business regions are each managed separately by a Regional President. The Regional President is directly accountable for the functioning of the segment’s assets, liabilities and results of the region and reports regularly to the Executive Board (the chief operating decision maker) to discuss operating activities, regional forecasts and regional results. The Head Office operating segment falls directly under the responsibility of the Executive Board. For each of the six reportable segments, the Executive Board reviews internal management reports on a monthly basis.

Information regarding the results of each reportable segment is included in the table on the next page. Performance is measured based on EBIT (beia), as included in the internal management reports that are reviewed by the Executive Board. EBIT (beia) is defined as earnings before interest and taxes and net finance expenses, before exceptional items and amortisation of brands and customer relationships. Exceptional items are defined as items of income and expense of such size, nature or incidence, that in view of management their disclosure is relevant to explain the performance of HEINEKEN for the period. EBIT and EBIT (beia) are not financial measures calculated in accordance with IFRS. EBIT (beia) is used to measure performance as management believes that this measurement is the most relevant in evaluating the results of these regions.

HEINEKEN has multiple distribution models to deliver goods to end customers. There is no reliance on major clients. Deliveries to end consumers are done in some countries via own wholesalers or own pubs, in other markets directly and in some others via third parties. As such, distribution models are country specific and on consolidated level diverse. In addition, these various distribution models are not centrally managed or monitored. Consequently, the Executive Board is not allocating resources and assessing the performance based on business type information and therefore no segment information is provided on business type.

Inter-segment pricing is determined on an arm’s-length basis. As net finance expenses and income tax expenses are monitored on a consolidated level (and not on an individual regional basis) and regional presidents are not accountable for that, net finance expenses and income tax expenses are not provided per reportable segment.

Starting 1st of January 2011 Empaque (our Mexican packaging business) was transferred from the America’s region to Head Office as this managerial resides under Global Supply Chain situated in Head Office. Also, in 2011 HEINEKEN reallocated certain management costs from regions to Head Office reflecting a change in the Company’s operating framework from regional to global reporting lines for certain roles within global functions. As a consequence the comparative figures have been restated.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Information about reportable segments

 

    Note   Western Europe   Central and
Eastern Europe
   The Americas 

In millions of EUR

    2011   2010*   2011   2010*   2011  2010* 

Revenue

             

Third party revenue1

     7,158     7,284     3,209     3,130     4,002    3,284  

Interregional revenue

     594     610     20     13     27    12  

Total revenue

     7,752     7,894     3,229     3,143     4,029    3,296  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Other income

     48     71     7     8     1    —    

Results from operating activities

     820     786     318     345     493    429  

Net finance expenses

             

Share of profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof

     3     3     17     21     77    75  

Income tax expenses

             

Profit

             

Attributable to:

             

Equity holders of the Company (net profit)

             

Non-controlling interest

             
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

EBIT reconciliation

             

EBIT

     823     789     335     366     570    504  

eia2

     139     136     11     12     85    96  

EBIT (beia)

   27     962     925     346     378     655    600  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Beer volumes2

             

Consolidated beer volume

     45,380     45,394     45,377     42,237     50,497    37,843  

Joint Ventures’ volume

     —       —       7,303     7,229     9,663    9,195  

Licences

     300     284     —       —       65    173  

Group volume

     45,680     45,678     52,680     49,466     60,225    47,211  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Current segment assets

     1,843     2,104     985     961     1,045    1,011  

Other Non-current segment assets

     8,186     8,019     3,365     3,622     5,619    5,965  

Investment in associates and joint ventures

     23     28     165     134     711    758  

Total segment assets

     10,052     10,151     4,515     4,717     7,375    7,734  

Unallocated assets

             

Total assets

             
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Segment liabilities

     3,723     3,444     1,160     1,145     1,068    987  

Unallocated liabilities

             

Total equity

             

Total equity and liabilities

             
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Purchase of P, P & E

     215     205     170     158     199    117  

Acquisition of goodwill

     —       4     1     —       4    1,495  

Purchases of intangible assets

     11     5     9     4     20    24  

Depreciation of P, P & E

     343     381     234     253     183    131  

Impairment and reversal of impairment of P, P & E

     —       1     2     9     (5  —    

Amortisation intangible assets

     100     90     18     22     93    69  

Impairment intangible assets

     —       15     3     1     —      —    

1

Includes other revenue of EUR463 million in 2011 and EUR439 million in 2010.

2

For definition see ‘Glossary’ Note that these are both non GAAP measures and therefore un-audited.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Information about reportable segmentscontinued

   Africa and the
Middle East
   Asia Pacific  Head Office &
Other/
Eliminations
  Consolidated 
   2011   2010*   2011   2010*  2011  2010*  2011  2010* 

Revenue

            

Third party revenue

   2,223     1,982     216     206    315    247    17,123    16,133  
Interregional revenue   —       6     —       —      (641  (641  —      —    
Total revenue   2,223     1,988     216     206    (326  (394  17,123    16,133  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
Other income   3     —       5     158    —      2    64    239  
Results from operating activities   533     531     64     203    (13  4    2,215    2,298  
Net finance expenses            (430  (509

Share of profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof

   35     28     112     79    (4  (13  240    193  
Income tax expenses            (465  (403
Profit            1,560    1,579  
Attributable to:            
Equity holders of the Company (net profit)            1,430    1,447  
Non-controlling interest            130    132  
Non-controlling interest            1,560    1,579  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
EBIT reconciliation            

EBIT

   568     559     176     282    (17  (9  2,455    2,491  
eia   2     1     —       (158  5    45    242    132  
EBIT (beia)   570     560     176     124    (12  36    2,697    2,623  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Beer volumes

            
Consolidated beer volume   22,029     19,070     1,309     1,328    —      —      164,592    145,872  
Joint Ventures’ volume   5,706     5,399     24,410     22,181    —      —      47,082    44,004  
Licences   1,093     1,204     769     806    —      —      2,227    2,467  
Group volume   28,828     25,673     26,488     24,315    —      —      213,901    192,343  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 
Current segment assets   854     639     91     74    (124  (536  4,694    4,253  
Other Non-current segment assets   1,867     1,272     2     12    1,143    1,242    20,182    20,132  
Investment in associates and joint ventures   272     262     536     507    57    (16  1,764    1,673  
Total segment assets   2,993     2,173     629     593    1,076    690    26,640    26,058  

Unallocated assets

            487    604  

Total assets

            27,127    26,662  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Segment liabilities

   653     532     36     33    508    625    7,148    6,766  

Unallocated liabilities

            9,887    9,676  

Total equity

            10,092    10,220  

Total equity and liabilities

            27,127    26,662  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Purchase of P, P & E

   202     163     —       1    14    4    800    648  
Acquisition of goodwill   282     1     —       —      —      248    287    1,748  
Purchases of intangible assets   —       9     —       —      16    14    56    56  
Depreciation of P, P & E   140     100     —       1    36    27    936    893  
Impairment and reversal of impairment of P, P & E   3     2     —       —      —      2    —      14  
Amortisation intangible assets   6     4     —       —      12    7    229    192  
Impairment intangible assets   —       —       —       —      —      —      3    16  

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the transfer of Empaque causing the move of an amount of EUR54 million of EBIT from the Americas region to Head Office; the centralisation of the Regional Head Offices resulting in a shift of EUR43 million EBIT from regions to Head Office; the policy change in Employee Benefits, causing an increase of EUR15 million in EBIT (EUR11 million in region Western Europe and EUR4 million in the Americas region)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

6. Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries and non-controlling interests

Acquisition of the beer operations of Sona Group

On 12 January 2011, HEINEKEN announced that it had acquired from Lewiston Investments SA (‘Seller’) two holding companies which together own the Sona brewery group. The two holding companies had controlling interests in Sona Systems Associates Business Management Limited (‘Sona Systems’), which held certain assets of Sona Breweries Plc (‘Sona’) and International Beer and Beverages (Nigeria) Limited (‘IBBI’), Champion Breweries Plc (‘Champion’), Benue Brewery Limited (‘Benue’) and Life Brewery Company Limited (‘Life’) (together referred to as the ‘acquired businesses’).

Due to the integration of the newly acquired businesses with our existing activities separate financial information on Sona activities is not available anymore.

The following summarises the major classes of consideration transferred, and the recognised amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.

Mancera, S. C.,In millions of EUR*

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

Property, plant & equipment

162

Intangible assets

56

Other investments

1

Inventories

19

Trade and other receivables

2

Cash and cash equivalents

2

Assets acquired

242

In millions of EUR*

Employee benefits

6

Provisions

2

Deferred tax liabilities

44

Bank overdraft

—  

Loans and borrowings (current)

76

Tax liabilities (current)

12

Trade and other current liabilities

21

Liabilities assumed

161

Total net identifiable assets

81

Consideration transferred

289

Recognition indemnification receivable

(12

Non-controlling interests

(1

Net identifiable assets acquired

(81

Goodwill on acquisition

195

*Amounts were converted into euros at the rate of EUR/NGN192.6782. Additionally, certain amounts provided in US dollar were converted into euros based on the following exchange rate EUR/USD 1.2903.

The purchase price accounting for the acquired businesses is prepared on a final basis. The outcome indicates goodwill of EUR195 million. The derived goodwill includes synergies mainly related to the available production capacity.

Goodwill has been allocated to Nigeria in the Africa and Middle East region and is held in NGN. The rationale for the allocation is that the acquisition provides access to the Nigerian market: access to additional capacity, consolidate market share within a fast-growing market and improved profitability through synergy. The entire amount of goodwill is not expected to be tax deductible.

Between HEINEKEN and the Seller certain indemnifications were agreed on, that primarily relate to tax and legal matters existing at the date of acquisition. Our assessment of these contingencies indicates an indemnification receivable of EUR12 million that is considered an included element of the business combination. The purchase price for the acquired businesses was based on an estimate of the net debt and working capital position of the acquired businesses as at 11 January 2011 (the date of the completion of the acquisition). HEINEKEN and the Seller have determined the exact net debt and working capital position of the acquired businesses as at 11 January 2011 by reference to agreed accounting principles and there will be no adjustment to the final purchase price. Non-controlling interests are recognised based on their proportional interest in the net identifiable assets acquired of Champion, Benue and Life for a total of EUR1 million.

In this year acquisition-related costs of EUR1 million have been recognised in the income statement.

/s/ C.P.C. Aldo Villarreal RobledoHeineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Acquisition of two breweries in Ethiopia

On 11 August 2011, HEINEKEN announced that it had acquired from the government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (‘Seller’) two breweries named Bedele and Harar (together referred to as the ‘acquired business’).

The acquired businesses contributed revenue of EUR13 million and results from operating activities of EUR1.5 million (EBIT) for the five-month period from 4 August 2011 to 31 December 2011. For the financial statements of HEINEKEN the additional 8 months would not have been material.

The following summarises the major classes of consideration transferred, and the recognised amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.

In millions of EUR*

Property, plant & equipment

27

Intangible assets

8

Inventories

8

Trade and other receivables

3

Cash and cash equivalents

1

Assets acquired

47

In millions of EUR*

Deferred tax liabilities

8

Trade and other current liabilities

12

Liabilities assumed

20

Total net identifiable assets

27

Consideration transferred

115

Net identifiable assets acquired

(27

Goodwill on acquisition

88

*Amounts were converted into euros at the rate of EUR/ETB 24,492 and EUR/USD 1.426 for the statement of financial position.

The purchase price accounting for the acquired business is prepared on a provisional basis. The outcome indicates goodwill of EUR88 million. The derived goodwill includes synergies mainly related to market access and the available production capacity.

Goodwill has been allocated to Ethiopia in the Africa and Middle East region and is held in ETB. The rationale for the allocation is that the acquisition provides access to the Ethiopian market: access to additional capacity, consolidate market share within a fast-growing market and improved profitability through synergy. The entire amount of goodwill is not expected to be tax deductible.

Acquisition-related costs of EUR2.5 million have been recognised in the income statement for the period ended 31 December 2011.

C.P.C. Aldo Villarreal RobledoHeineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

San Pedro Garza García, N.L., Mexico

June 12, 2008

 

F-64Acquisition of pubs in the UK

On 2 December 2011, HEINEKEN announced that it had acquired from The Royal Bank of Scotland (‘RBS’) (‘Seller’) the Galaxy Pub Estate (‘Galaxy’) in the UK (referred to as the ‘acquired business’). The following summarises the major classes of consideration transferred, and the recognised amounts of assets and assumed liabilities at the acquisition date. Management agreements that were in place were settled upon acquisition.

In millions of EUR*

Property, plant & equipment

441

Cash and cash equivalents

—  

Assets acquired

441

In millions of EUR*

Liabilities assumed

—  

Total net identifiable assets

441

Consideration transferred

480

Settlement of pre-existing relationship

(39

Net identifiable assets acquired

(441

Goodwill on acquisition

—  

*Amounts were converted into euros at the rate of EUR/GBP 0.859 for the statement of financial position.

The purchase price accounting for the acquired business is prepared on a provisional basis. The outcome indicates no goodwill as the fair value of the assets acquired approximates the consideration transferred. The rationale for the acquisition is to further drive volume growth and to strengthen the leading position in the UK beer and cider market. The acquisition creates a strong platform from which HEINEKEN is building leadership in the high value UK on-trade channel and will mainly impacts net result. The early amortisation and termination of associated contracts under the acquisition gave rise to a one-off, pre-tax expense of EUR36 million.

Acquisition related cost of EUR3 million have been recognised in the income statement for the period ended 31 December 2011.

Provisional accounting FEMSA acquisition in 2010

The FEMSA acquisition accounting has been concluded during the first half year of 2011. A final adjustment was made to provisional accounting for the FEMSA acquisition. Total impact resulted in an increase of goodwill of EUR4 million, the comparatives have not been restated. The adjustment resulted from the filing of a tax return in March 2011, which was EUR6 million lower, a negative impact of EUR12 million due to a legal provision and recognition of certain employee benefits for EUR10 million. In 2010 FEMSA results were included from 1 May 2010 onwards (8 months) and have been fully consolidated in 2011 (12 months).

Disposals

Disposal of interest without losing control

On 12 May 2010 HEINEKEN acquired an additional interest in Commonwealth Brewery Limited (CBL) and Burns House Limited (BHL) situated in the Bahamas, increasing its ownership to 100 per cent in both entities. This acquisition was subject to government approval that 25 per cent of the combined entities would be disposed of. During the period which ended 31 December 2011, HEINEKEN disposed of 25 per cent of its 100 per cent interest in CBL (which had acquired 100 per cent of BHL prior to this), for an amount of EUR43 million through an initial public offering (IPO) in the Bahamas. As a result, its ownership decreased to 75 per cent. After the disposal of this non-controlling interest, HEINEKEN maintains a controlling interest in CBL. There is no impact on net result, the impact is recognised in equity.

7. Assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale

Other assets classified as held for sale represent land and buildings following the commitment of HEINEKEN to a plan to sell certain land and buildings in the UK and our associate in Kazakhstan. Efforts to sell these assets have commenced and are expected to be completed during 2012.

Assets classified as held for sale

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Current assets

   —       —    

Non-current assets

   99     6  
   99     6  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

8. Other income

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Net gain on sale of property, plant & equipment

   35     37  

Net gain on sale of intangible assets

   24     13  

Net gain on sale of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates

   5     189  
   64     239  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

In 2010 HEINEKEN transferred in total a 78.3 per cent stake in PT Multi Bintang Indonesia (MBI) and HEINEKEN’s 87 per cent stake in Grande Brasserie de Nouvelle-Caledonie S.A. (GBNC) to its JV Asia Pacific Breweries (APB). As a result of the transaction a gain of EUR157 million before tax was recognised in net gain on sale of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates.

9. Raw materials, consumables and services

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Raw materials

   1,576    1,474  

Non-returnable packaging

   2,075    1,863  

Goods for resale

   1,498    1,655  

Inventory movements

   (8  (8

Marketing and selling expenses

   2,186    2,072  

Transport expenses

   1,056    979  

Energy and water

   525    442  

Repair and maintenance

   417    375  

Other expenses

   1,641    1,439  
   10,966    10,291  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Other expenses include rentals of EUR241 million (2010: EUR224 million), consultant expenses of EUR166 million (2010: EUR126 million), telecom and office automation of EUR159 million (2010: EUR156 million), travel expenses of EUR137 million (2010: EUR120 million) and other fixed expenses of EUR938 million (2010: EUR813 million).

10. Personnel expenses

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Wages and salaries

     1,891     1,787  

Compulsory social security contributions

     333     317  

Contributions to defined contribution plans

     24     16  

Expenses related to defined benefit plans

   28     56     89  

Increase in other long-term employee benefits

     11     9  

Equity-settled share-based payment plan

   29     11     15  

Other personnel expenses

     512     432  
     2,838     2,665  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Restructuring costs in Spain for an amount of EUR53 million are included in other personnel expenses.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

The average number of full-time equivalent (FTE) employees during the year was:

   2011   2010 

The Netherlands

   4,032     3,861  

Other Western Europe

   14,707     15,751  

Central and Eastern Europe

   17,424     18,043  

The Americas

   16,414     17,164  

Africa and the Middle East

   11,396     10,607  

Asia Pacific

   279     304  

HEINEKEN N.V. and subsidiaries

   64,252     65,730  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

11. Amortisation, depreciation and impairments

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Property, plant & equipment

   14     936     907  

Intangible assets

   15     232     208  

Impairment on available-for-sale assets

     —       3  
     1,168     1,118  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

12. Net finance income and expenses

Recognised in profit or loss

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Interest income

   70    100  

Interest expenses

   (494  (590

Dividend income on available-for-sale investments

   2    1  

Dividend income on investments held for trading

   11    7  

Net gain/(loss) on disposal of available-for-sale investments

   1    —    

Net change in fair value of derivatives

   96    (75

Net foreign exchange gain/(loss)

   (107  61  

Impairment losses on available-for-sale investments

   —      (3

Unwinding discount on provisions

   (7  (7

Other net financial income/(expenses)

   (2  (3

Other net finance income/(expenses)

   (6  (19

Net finance income/(expenses)

   (430  (509
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Recognised in other comprehensive income

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010* 

Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations

   (493  390  

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges

   (21  43  

Effective portion of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss

   (11  45  

Ineffective portion of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss

   —      9  

Net change in fair value of available-for-sale investments

   71    11  

Net change in fair value available-for-sale investments transferred to profit or loss

   (1  (17

Actuarial (gains) and losses

   (93  99  

Share of other comprehensive income of associates/joint ventures

   (5  (29
   (553  551  

Recognised in:

   

Fair value reserve

   69    (10

Hedging reserve

   (42  97  

Translation reserve

   (482  358  

Other

   (98  106  
   (553  551  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

The negative impact of foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations in other comprehensive income is mainly due to the impact of devaluation of the Mexican peso on the net assets and goodwill measured in Mexican peso of total EUR295 million. Remaining impact is related to the depreciation of the Polish zloty, the Chilean peso, Nigerian naira and Belarusian ruble, partly offset by the revaluation of the US dollar and the British pound.

13. Income tax expense

Recognised in profit or loss

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010* 

Current tax expense

   

Current year

   502    502  

Under/(over) provided in prior years

   (26  52  
   476    554  

Deferred tax expense

   

Origination and reversal of temporary differences

   17    (19

Previously unrecognised deductible temporary differences

   (9  (2

Changes in tax rate

   1    3  

Utilisation/(benefit) of tax losses recognised

   (19  (39

Under/(over) provided in prior years

   (1  (94
   (11  (151

Total income tax expense in profit or loss

   465    403  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Reconciliation of the effective tax rate

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010* 

Profit before income tax

   2,025    1,982  

Share of net profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof

   (240  (193

Profit before income tax excluding share of profit of associates and joint ventures (inclusive impairments thereof)

   1,785    1,789  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

   %  2011  %  2010* 

Income tax using the Company’s domestic tax rate

   25.0    446    25.5    456  

Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions

   3.5    62    1.9    34  

Effect of non-deductible expenses

   3.2    58    4.0    72  

Effect of tax incentives and exempt income

   (6.0  (107  (8.2  (146

Recognition of previously unrecognised temporary differences

   (0.5  (9  (0.1  (2

Utilisation or recognition of previously unrecognised tax losses

   (0.3  (5  (1.2  (21

Unrecognised current year tax losses

   1.0    18    0.8    15  

Effect of changes in tax rate

   0.1    1    0.2    3  

Withholding taxes

   1.5    26    1.4    25  

Under/(over) provided in prior years

   (1.5  (27  (2.3  (42

Other reconciling items

   0.1    2    0.5    9  
   26.1    465    22.5    403  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

The reported tax rate is 26.1 per cent (2010: 22.5 per cent) and includes the effect of the release of tax provisions after having reached agreement with the tax authorities, mainly explaining the under/over provided amount as part of the current tax expense. The reported 2010 tax rate included the tax-exempt transfer of PT Multi Bintang Indonesia (MBI) and Grande Brasserie de Nouvelle-Caledonie S.A. (GBNC).

Income tax recognised in other comprehensive income

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Changes in fair value

     —       (5

Changes in hedging reserve

     13     (38

Changes in translation reserve

     11     —    

Other

     16     (38
   24     40     (81
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

14. Property, plant and equipment

In millions of EUR

  Note   Land and
buildings
  Plant and
equipment
  Other fixed
assets
  Under
construction
  Total 

Cost

        

Balance as at 1 January 2010

     3,460    5,337    3,518    315    12,630  

Changes in consolidation

     745    635    253    72    1,705  

Purchases

     38    82    249    279    648  

Transfer of completed projects under construction

     106    142    104    (352  —    

Transfer to/(from) assets classified as held for sale

     26    34    39    2    101  

Disposals

     (49  (130  (285  (1  (465

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     71    107    61    15    254  

Balance as at 31 December 2010

     4,397    6,207    3,939    330    14,873  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

     4,397    6,207    3,939    330    14,873  

Changes in consolidation

   6     505    89    (31  3    566  

Purchases

     55    99    320    326    800  

Transfer of completed projects under construction

     82    90    150    (322  —    

Transfer to/(from) assets classified as held for sale

     (65  —      —      —      (65

Disposals

     (35  (92  (255  (6  (388

Effect of hyperinflation

     2    11    2    2    17  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     (71  (127  (73  (1  (272

Balance as at 31 December 2011

     4,870    6,277    4,052    332    15,531  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and impairment losses

        

Balance as at 1 January 2010

     (1,405  (2,875  (2,333  —      (6,613

Changes in consolidation

     12    31    35    —      78  

Depreciation charge for the year

   11     (117  (342  (434  —      (893

Impairment losses

   11     (15  (19  (6  —      (40

Reversal impairment losses

   11     4    21    1    —      26  

Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale

     (6  (14  (23  —      (43

Disposals

     37    128    263    —      428  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     (36  (54  (39  —      (129

Balance as at 31 December 2010

     (1,526  (3,124  (2,536  —      (7,186
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

     (1,526  (3,124  (2,536  —      (7,186

Changes in consolidation

   6     —      4    14    —      18  

Depreciation charge for the year

   11     (128  (356  (452  —      (936

Impairment losses

   11     —      —      (8  —      (8

Reversal impairment losses

   11     —      3    5    —      8  

Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale

     3    —      —      —      3  

Disposals

     18    92    224    —      334  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     11    42    43    —      96  

Balance as at 31 December 2011

     (1,622  (3,339  (2,710  —      (7,671
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Carrying amount

        

As at 1 January 2010

     2,055    2,462    1,185    315    6,017  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 31 December 2010

     2,871    3,083    1,403    330    7,687  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 1 January 2011

     2,871    3,083    1,403    330    7,687  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 31 December 2011

     3,248    2,938    1,342    332    7,860  

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Impairment losses

In 2011 a total impairment loss of EUR8 million (2010: EUR40 million) was charged to profit or loss.

Financial lease assets

The Group leases P, P & E under a number of finance lease agreements. At 31 December 2011 the net carrying amount of leased P,P & E was EUR39 million (2010: EUR95 million). During the year, the Group acquired leased assets of EUR6 million (2010: EUR17 million).

Security to authorities

Certain P, P & E for EUR137 million (2010: EUR149 million) has been pledged to the authorities in a number of countries as security for the payment of taxation, particularly excise duties on beers, non-alcoholic beverages and spirits and import duties. This mainly relates to Brazil (see note 34).

Property, plant and equipment under construction

P, P & E under construction mainly relates to expansion of the brewing capacity in Mexico, the UK, and Nigeria.

Capitalised borrowing costs

During 2011 no borrowing costs have been capitalised (2010: EUR nil).

15. Intangible assets

In millions of EUR

  Note   Goodwill  Brands  Customer-
related
intangibles
  Contract-
based
intangibles
  Software,
research and
development
and other
  Total 

Cost

         

Balance as at 1 January 2010

     5,713    1,382    351    124    259    7,829  

Changes in consolidation

     1,748    924    943    86    39    3,740  

Purchases/internally developed

     —      —      —      —      56    56  

Disposals

     (1  (8  —      —      (16  (25

Transfers to assets held for sale

     —      —      —      —      3    3  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     132    23    (10  12    3    160  

Balance as at 31 December 2010

     7,592    2,321    1,284    222    344    11,763  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

     7,592    2,321    1,284    222    344    11,763  

Changes in consolidation

   6     287    8    18    38    —      351  

Purchased/internally developed

     —      —      —      6    50    56  

Disposals

     —      —      —      (91  (6  (97

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     (70  (57  (74  (13  (10  (224

Balance as at 31 December 2011

     7,809    2,272    1,228    162    378    11,849  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Amortisation and impairment losses

         

Balance as at 1 January 2010

     (280  (108  (74  (50  (182  (694

Changes in consolidation

     —      —      —      25    3    28  

Amortisation charge for the year

   11     —      (54  (88  (16  (34  (192

Impairment losses

   11     —      (1  —      (15  —      (16

Disposals

     1    2    —      —      10    13  

Transfers to assets held for sale

     —      —      —      —      (2  (2

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     —      (2  (1  (4  (3  (10

Balance as at 31 December 2010

     (279  (163  (163  (60  (208  (873
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

In millions of EUR

  Note   Goodwill  Brands  Customer-
related
intangibles
  Contract-
based
intangibles
  Software,
research and
development
and other
  Total 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

     (279  (163  (163  (60  (208  (873

Changes in consolidation

   6     —      —      —      1    (1  —    

Amortisation charge for the year

   11     —      (59  (110  (24  (36  (229

Impairment losses

   11     —      (1  —      —      (2  (3

Disposals

     —      (1  —      91    1    91  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     —      3    5    (11  3    —    

Balance as at 31 December 2011

     (279  (221  (268  (3  (243  (1,014
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Carrying amount

         

As at 1 January 2010

     5,433    1,274    277    74    77    7,135  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 31 December 2010

     7,313    2,158    1,121    162    136    10,890  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 1 January 2011

     7,313    2,158    1,121    162    136    10,890  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As at 31 December 2011

     7,530    2,051    960    159    135    10,835  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Brands and customer-related/contract-based intangibles

The main brands capitalised are the brands acquired in 2008: Scottish & Newcastle (Fosters and Strongbow) and 2010: Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (Dos Equis, Tecate and Sol). The main customer-related and contract-based intangibles were acquired in 2010 and are related to customer relationships with retailers in Mexico (constituting either by way of a contractual agreement or by way of non-contractual relations).

Impairment tests for cash-generating units containing goodwill

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill in respect of Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe (excluding Russia) and the Americas (excluding Brazil) is allocated and monitored on a regional basis. In respect of less integrated Operating Companies of Russia, Brazil and Africa and the Middle East, goodwill is allocated and monitored on an individual country basis.

The aggregate carrying amounts of goodwill allocated to each CGU are as follows:

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010* 

Western Europe

   3,396     3,328  

Central and Eastern Europe (excluding Russia)

   1,394     1,494  

Russia

   102     105  

The Americas (excluding Brazil)

   1,743     1,751  

Brazil

   111     110  

Africa and the Middle East (aggregated)

   528     245  

Head Office and others

   256     280  
   7,530     7,313  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the transfer of Empaque from the Americas region to Head Office.

Throughout the year total goodwill mainly increased due to the acquisition of the Sona and Ethiopian beer business and net foreign currency differences.

Goodwill is tested for impairments annually. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are based on value-in-use calculations. Value in use was determined by discounting the future cash flows generated from the continuing use of the unit using a pre-tax discount rate.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

The key assumptions used for the value-in-use calculations are as follows:

Cash flows were projected based on actual operating results and the three-year business plan. Cash flows for a further seven-year period were extrapolated using expected annual per country volume growth rates, which are based on external sources. Management believes that this forecasted period is justified due to the long-term nature of the beer business and past experiences.

The beer price growth per year after the first three-year period is assumed to be at specific per country expected annual long-term inflation, based on external sources.

Cash flows after the first ten-year period were extrapolated using a perpetual growth rate equal to the expected annual long-term inflation, in order to calculate the terminal recoverable amount.

A per CGU-specific pre-tax Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) was applied in determining the recoverable amount of the units.

The values assigned to the key assumptions used for the value in use calculations are as follows:

   Pre-
tax WACC
  Expected annual long-
term inflation

2015-2021
  Expected volume
growth rates
2015-2021
 

Western Europe

   8.3  2.1  (0.4)% 

Central and Eastern Europe (excluding Russia)

   12.3  2.7  1.7

Russia

   14.8  4.8  1.9

The Americas (excluding Brazil)

   10.1  2.5  1.8

Brazil

   16.1  4.3  3.0

Africa and Middle East

   10.7-21.4  2.7-8.4  1.1-5.9

Head Office and others

   8.3-12.6  2.1-3.6  (0.4)-2.4
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future trends in the beer industry and are based on both external sources and internal sources (historical data).

HEINEKEN applied its methodology to determine CGU specific WACC’s to perform its annual impairment testing on a consistent basis. The trend and outcome of several WACC’s, for amongst others the Western Europe CGU, turned out lower than expected based on the current economic climate and associated outlooks. HEINEKEN does not believe the risk profile in Western Europe is significantly lower than in prior years. The lower WACC for 2011 is mainly driven by lower observed risk-free rates reflecting the capital flee towards safer deemed economies. HEINEKEN performed an additional impairment sensitivity calculation and concluded that applying a different WACC would not result in a materially different outcome. The WACC’s disclosed are based on our internal consistent methodology.

Sensitivity to changes in assumptions

Limited headroom is available in our CGU’s Russia and Brazil, however the outcome of a sensitivity analysis of a 100 basis points adverse change in key assumptions (lower growth rates or higher discount rates respectively) did not result in a materially different outcome of the impairment test.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

16. Investments in associates and joint ventures

HEINEKEN has the following (direct and indirect) significant investments in associates and joint ventures:

   Country   Ownership
2011
  Ownership
2010
 

Joint ventures

     

Brau Holding International GmbH & Co KgaA

   Germany     49.9  49.9

Zagorka Brewery A.D.

   Bulgaria     49.4  49.4

Brewinvest S.A.

   Greece     50.0  50.0

Pivara Skopje A.D.

   FYR Macedonia     48.2  27.6

Brasseries du Congo S.A.

   Congo     50.0  50.0

Asia Pacific Investment Pte. Ltd.

   Singapore     50.0  50.0

Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd.

   Singapore     41.9  41.9

Compania Cervecerias Unidas S.A.

   Chile     33.1  33.1

Tempo Beverages Ltd.

   Israel     40.0  40.0

HEINEKEN Lion Australia Pty.

   Australia     50.0  50.0

Sirocco FZCo

   Dubai     50.0  50.0

Diageo HEINEKEN Namibia B.V.

   Namibia     50.0  50.0

United Breweries Limited

   India     37.5  37.5

Millennium Alcobev Private Limited**

   India     —      68.8

DHN Drinks (Pty) Ltd.

   South Africa     44.5  44.5

Sedibeng Brewery Pty Ltd.*

   South Africa     75.0  75.0

UB Nizam Breweries Pvt. Ltd**

   India     —      50.0

UB Ajanta Breweries Pvt. Ltd

   India     50.0  50.0

Associates

     

Cerveceria Costa Rica S.A.

   Costa Rica     25.0  25.0

JSC FE Efes Karaganda Brewery***

   Kazakhstan     28.0  28.0
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

*HEINEKEN has joint control as the contract and ownership details determine that for certain main operating and financial decisions unanimous approval is required. As a result this investment is not consolidated.
**In 2011 these entities ceased to exist, they were merged into United Breweries Limited.
***This entity is classified as Held for Sale (see note 7)

Reporting date

The reporting date of the financial statements of all HEINEKEN entities and joint ventures disclosed are the same as for the Company except for

(i) Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd., HEINEKEN Lion Australia Pty. and Asia Pacific Investment Pte. Ltd which have a 30 September reporting date (the APB results are included with a three-month delay in reporting);

(ii) DHN Drinks (Pty) Ltd. which has a 30 June reporting date, and;

(iii) United Breweries Limited and Millennium Alcobev Private Limited which have a 31 March reporting date. The results of (ii) and (iii) have been adjusted to include numbers for the full financial year ended 31 December 2011.

Share of profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Income associates

   25     28  

Income joint ventures

   215     165  

Impairments

   —       —    
   240     193  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

In the year APB (the JV of HEINEKEN and its partner Fraser and Neave) completed the sale of Kingway Brewery for SGD205 million (EUR116 million) of which SGD72 million (EUR41 million) was recorded as income by APB. As HEINEKEN has a share of 45.95 per cent a capital gain of SGD33 million (EUR19 million) is included in the share of profit of JV’s.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Summary financial information for equity accounted joint ventures and associates

In millions of EUR

  Joint ventures
2011
  Joint ventures
2010
  Associates
2011
  Associates
2010
 

Non-current assets

   1,708    1,696    73    50  

Current assets

   1,005    869    52    51  

Non-current liabilities

   (581  (611  (25  (28

Current liabilities

   (725  (684  (30  (23

Revenue

   2,313    2,108    153    547  

Expenses

   (1,914  (1,887  (117  (420
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

In the above table HEINEKEN represents its share of the aggregated amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses for its Joint Ventures and Associates for the year ended 31 December.

17. Other investments and receivables

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Non-current other investments

      

Loans and advances to customers

   32     384     455  

Indemnification receivable

   32     156     145  

Other receivables

   32     178     174  

Held-to-maturity investments

   32     5     4  

Available-for-sale investments

   32     264     190  

Non-current derivatives

   32     142     135  
     1,129     1,103  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current other investments

      

Investments held for trading

   32     14     17  
     14     17  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Included in loans are loans to customers with a carrying amount of EUR120 million as at 31 December 2011 (2010: EUR166 million). Effective interest rates range from 6 to 12 per cent. EUR72 million (2010: EUR100 million) matures between one and five years and EUR48 million (2010: EUR66 million) after five years.

The indemnification receivable represents the receivable on FEMSA and Lewiston investments and is a mirroring of the corresponding indemnified liabilities originating from the acquisition of the beer operations of FEMSA and Sona.

The other receivables mainly originate from the acquisition of the beer operations of FEMSA and represent a receivable on the Brazilian Authorities on which interest is calculated in accordance with Brazilian legislation. Collection of this receivable is expected to be beyond a period of five years.

The main available-for-sale investments are S.A. Des Brasseries du Cameroun, Consorcio Cervecero de Nicaragua S.A., Desnoes & Geddes Ltd., Brasserie Nationale d’Haiti S.A. and Cerveceria Nacional Dominicana. As far as these investments are listed they are measured at their quoted market price. For others the value in use or multiples are used. Debt securities (which are interest-bearing) with a carrying amount of EUR20 million (2010: EUR21 million) are included in available-for-sale investments.

Sensitivity analysis – equity price risk

An amount of EUR95 million as at 31 December 2011 (2010: EUR87 million) of available-for-sale investments and investments held for trading is listed on stock exchanges. An impact of 1 per cent increase or decrease in the share price at the reporting date would not result in a material impact on a consolidated Group level.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

18. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following items:

In millions of EUR

     Assets     Liabilities     Net 
  2011  2010  2011  2010  2011  2010 

Property, plant & equipment

   93    86    (590  (550  (497  (464

Intangible assets

   51    62    (733  (789  (682  (727

Investments

   91    87    (6  (9  85    78  

Inventories

   16    33    (5  (6  11    27  

Loans and borrowings

   3    1    —      (2  3    (1

Employee benefits

   252    254    12    11    264    265  

Provisions

   150    133    1    1    151    134  

Other items

   146    77    (138  (51  8    26  

Tax losses carry-forwards

   237    213    —      —      237    213  

Tax assets/(liabilities)

   1,039    946    (1,459  (1,395  (420  (449

Set-off of tax

   (565  (404  565    404    —      —    

Net tax assets/(liabilities)

   474    542    (894  (991  (420  (449
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Tax losses carry-forwards

HEINEKEN has losses carry-forwards for an amount of EUR1,920 million as at 31 December 2011 (2010: EUR1,833 million), which expire in the following years:

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

2011

   —      11  

2012

   5    8  

2013

   6    32  

2014

   28    30  

2015

   23    32  

2016

   36    —    

After 2016 respectively 2015 but not unlimited

   372    314  

Unlimited

   1,450    1,406  
   1,920    1,833  

Recognised as deferred tax assets gross

   (859  (807

Unrecognised

   1,061    1,026  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The unrecognised losses relate to entities for which it is not probable that taxable profit will be available to offset these losses. The majority of the unrecognised losses were acquired as part of the beer operations of FEMSA in 2010.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Movement in deferred tax on temporary differences during the year

In millions of EUR

  Balance
1 January
2010
  Policy
change
   Changes in
consolidation
  Effect of
movements
in foreign
exchange
  Recognised
in income
  Recognised
in equity
  Transfers  Balance
31 December
2010
 

Property, plant & equipment

   (330  —       (161  —      28    —      (1  (464

Intangible assets

   (269  —       (475  3    17    —      (3  (727

Investments

   9    —       54    (3  18    —      —      78  

Inventories

   11    —       (4  (1  20    —      1    27  

Loans and borrowings

   1    —       (1  —      (1  —      —      (1

Employee benefits

   116    151     53    (2  (15  (38  —      265  

Provisions

   92    —       14    (2  30    —      —      134  

Other items

   8    —       40    (2  15    (43  8    26  

Tax losses carry-forwards

   137    —       33    5    39    —      (1  213  

Net tax assets/(liabilities)

   (225  151     (447  (2  151    (81  4    (449
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

In millions of EUR

  Balance
1 January
2011
  Changes in
consolidation
  Effect of
movements
in foreign
exchange
  Recognised
in income
  Recognised
in equity
   Transfers  Balance
31 December
2011
 

Property, plant & equipment

   (464  (41  20    (10  —       (2  (497

Intangible assets

   (727  (18  38    25    —       —      (682

Investments

   78    —      (7  14    —       —      85  

Inventories

   27    —      —      (16  —       —      11  

Loans and borrowings

   (1  —      2    2    —       —      3  

Employee benefits

   265    —      —      (17  16     —      264  

Provisions

   134    1    —      13    —       3    151  

Other items

   26    —      (5  (19  8     (2  8  

Tax losses carry-forwards

   213    7    (2  19    —       —      237  

Net tax assets/(liabilities)

   (449  (51  46    11    24     (1  (420
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

19. Inventories

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Raw materials

   263     241  

Work in progress

   150     147  

Finished products

   354     261  

Goods for resale

   205     231  

Non-returnable packaging

   143     120  

Other inventories and spare parts

   237     206  
   1,352     1,206  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

During 2011 and 2010 no write-down of inventories to net realisable value was required.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

20. Trade and other receivables

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Trade receivables due from associates and joint ventures

     42     102  

Trade receivables

     1,657     1,680  

Other receivables

     524     481  

Derivatives

     37     10  
   32     2,260     2,273  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

A net impairment loss of EUR57 million (2010: EUR115 million) in respect of trade and other receivables was included in expenses for raw materials, consumables and services.

21. Cash and cash equivalents

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011  2010 

Cash and cash equivalents

   32     813    610  

Bank overdrafts

   25     (207  (132

Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows

     606    478  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

22. Capital and reserves

Share issuance

On 30 April 2010 HEINEKEN issued 86,028,019 ordinary shares with a nominal value of EUR1.60, as a result of which the issued share capital consists of 576,002,613 shares. To these shares a share premium value was assigned of EUR2,701 million based on the quoted market price value of 43,009,699 shares HEINEKEN and 43,018,320 shares HEINEKEN Holding N.V. combined being the share consideration paid to Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (FEMSA) for its beer operations.

Allotted Share Delivery Instrument

In addition to the shares issued to FEMSA, HEINEKEN also committed itself to deliver 29,172,504 additional shares to FEMSA (the ‘Allotted Shares’) over a period of no longer than five years. This financial instrument is classified to be equity as the number of shares is fixed. HEINEKEN had the option to accelerate the delivery of the Allotted Shares at its discretion. Pending delivery of the Allotted Shares, HEINEKEN paid a coupon on each undelivered Allotted Share such that FEMSA was compensated, on an after tax basis, for dividends FEMSA would have received had all such Allotted Shares been delivered to FEMSA on or prior to the record date for such dividends.

On 3 October 2011, HEINEKEN announced that the share repurchase programme in connection with the acquisition of FEMSA had been completed. During the period of 1 January through 31 December 2011 HEINEKEN acquired 18,407,246 shares with an average quoted market price of EUR36.67. During the year 2011 all these shares were delivered to FEMSA under the ASDI.

Share capital

In millions of EUR

  Ordinary shares 
  2011   2010 

On issue as at 1 January

   922     784  

Issued

   —       138  

On issue as at 31 December

   922     922  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As at 31 December 2011 the issued share capital comprised 576,002,613 ordinary shares (2010: 576,002,613). The ordinary shares have a par value of EUR1.60. All issued shares are fully paid.

The Company’s authorised capital amounts to EUR2.5 billion, comprising of 1,562,500,000 shares.

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share at meetings of the Company. In respect of the Company’s shares that are held by HEINEKEN (see next page), rights are suspended.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Translation reserve

The translation reserve comprises foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations of the Group (excluding amounts attributable to non-controlling interests) as well as value changes of the hedging instruments in the net investment hedges. HEINEKEN considers this a legal reserve.

Inflation in Belarus has been at relatively high levels in recent years. In the third quarter of 2011 cumulative three year inflation exceeded 100 per cent. This, combined with other indicators, results in HEINEKEN deeming Belarus as a hyperinflationary economy under IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies. IAS 29 is applied to the historical cost financial statements of our Belarusian operations from the beginning of 2011.

The restated financial statements of our Belarusian operations are translated to euro at the closing rate at the end of the reporting period. Differences arising on translation to euro are recognised in the translation reserve. The Consumer Price Index end of 2011 was 224.9 (2009: 100; 2010: 107.8) and increased in 2011 by 108.7.

The impact on equity is a net amount of EUR14 million, PP&E remeasurement of EUR18 million with offset in deferred tax liabilities for EUR4 million. The impact on the income statement for 2011 is not material.

Hedging reserve

This reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging instruments where the hedged transaction has not yet occurred. HEINEKEN considers this a legal reserve.

Fair value reserve

This reserve comprises the cumulative net change in the fair value of available-for-sale investments until the investment is derecognised or impaired. HEINEKEN considers this a legal reserve.

Other legal reserves

These reserves relate to the share of profit of joint ventures and associates over the distribution of which HEINEKEN does not have control. The movement in these reserves reflects retained earnings of joint ventures and associates minus dividends received. In case of a legal or other restriction which causes that retained earnings of subsidiaries cannot be freely distributed, a legal reserve is recognised for the restricted part.

Reserve for own shares

The reserve for the Company’s own shares comprises the cost of the Company’s shares held by HEINEKEN. As at 31 December 2011, HEINEKEN held 1,265,140 of the Company’s shares (2010: 1,630,258), all of which are LTV shares in 2011.

The coupon paid on the ASDI in 2011 amounts to EUR15 million (2010: EUR7 million).

LTV

During the period of 1 January through 31 December 2011 HEINEKEN acquired 330.000 shares for LTV delivery with an average quoted market price of EUR40.91 for a total of EUR14 million.

Share purchase mandate

There are no outstanding share purchase mandates per 31 December 2011 (2010: EUR96 million). The current liability presented in accordance with IAS 32.23 per 31 December 2010 of EUR96 million was reversed in full.

Dividends

The following dividends were declared and paid by HEINEKEN:

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Final dividend previous year EUR0.50, respectively EUR0.40 per qualifying ordinary share

   299     195  

Interim dividend current year EUR0.30, respectively EUR0.26 per qualifying ordinary share

   175     156  

Total dividend declared and paid

   474     351  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

HEINEKEN’s policy is for an annual dividend payout of 30–35 per cent of Net profit BEIA. The interim dividend is fixed at 40 per cent of the total dividend of the previous year.

After the balance sheet date the Executive Board proposed the following dividends. The dividends, taking into account the interim dividends declared and paid, have not been provided for.

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

per qualifying ordinary share EUR0.83 (2010: EUR0.76)

   477     438  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

23. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

The calculation of basic earnings per share as at 31 December 2011 is based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company (net profit) of EUR1,430 million (2010: EUR1,447 million) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares – basic outstanding during the year ended 31 December 2011 of 585,100,381 (2010: 562,234,726). Basic earnings per share for the year amounts to EUR2.44 (2010: EUR2.57).

Weighted average number of shares – basic

   2011  2010 

Number of shares basic 1 January

   576,002,613    489,974,594  

Effect of LTV own shares held

   (1,177,321  (1,152,409

Effect of undelivered ASDI shares

   10,275,089    14,726,761  

Effect of new shares issued

   —      58,685,780  

Weighted number of basic shares for the year

   585,100,381    562,234,726  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

ASDI

Allotted Share Delivery Instrument (ASDI) represents HEINEKEN’S obligation to deliver shares to FEMSA, either through issuance and/or purchasing of its own shares in the open market, which was concluded in 2011. EPS is impacted by ASDI as in the formula, calculating EPS, the net profit is divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares. In this weighted average number of ordinary shares, the weighted average of outstanding ASDI is included. This means that the ASDI leads to a lower basic EPS until the year all shares have been repurchased.

Diluted earnings per share

The calculation of diluted earnings per share as at 31 December 2011 was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company (net profit) of EUR1,430 million (2010: EUR1,447 million) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares – basic outstanding after adjustment for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares of 586,277,702 (2010: 563,387,135). Diluted earnings per share for the year amounted to EUR2.44 (2010: EUR2.57).

Weighted average number of shares – diluted

   2011   2010 

Weighted number of basic shares for the year

   585,100,381     562,234,726  

Effect of LTV own shares held

   1,177,321     1,152,409  

Weighted average diluted shares for the year

   586,277,702     563,387,135  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

24. Income tax on other comprehensive income

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010* 
  Amount
before tax
  Tax   Amount
net of
tax
  Amount
before tax
  Tax  Amount
net of
tax
 

Other comprehensive income

        

Foreign currency translation differences for foreign operations

   (504  11     (493  390    —      390  

Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedge

   (31  10     (21  61    (18  43  

Effective portion of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss

   (14  3     (11  65    (20  45  

Ineffective portion of cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss

   —      —       —      9    —      9  

Net change in fair value available-for-sale investments

   71    —       71    16    (5  11  

Net change in fair value available-for-sale investments transferred to profit or loss

   (1  —       (1  (17  —      (17

Actuarial gains and losses

   (109  16     (93  137    (38  99  

Share of other comprehensive income of associates/joint ventures

   (5  —       (5  (29  —      (29

Total other comprehensive income

   (593  40     (553  632    (81  551  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

The difference between the income tax on other comprehensive income and the deferred tax on equity (note 18) in 2011 can be explained by current tax on other comprehensive income.

25. Loans and borrowings

This note provides information about the contractual terms of HEINEKEN’S interest-bearing loans and borrowings. For more information about HEINEKEN’S exposure to interest rate risk and foreign currency risk, see note 32.

Non-current liabilities

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Secured bank loans

     37     48  

Unsecured bank loans

     3,607     3,260  

Unsecured bond issues

     2,493     2,482  

Finance lease liabilities

   26     33     47  

Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     1,825     1,895  

Non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     7,995     7,732  

Non-current derivatives

     177     291  

Non-current non-interest-bearing liabilities

     27     55  
     8,199     8,078  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Current interest-bearing liabilities

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Current portion of secured bank loans

     13     11  

Current portion of unsecured bank loans

     329     346  

Current portion of finance lease liabilities

   26     6     48  

Current portion of other non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     184     32  

Total current portion of non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     532     437  

Deposits from third parties (mainly employee loans)

     449     425  
     981     862  

Bank overdrafts

   21     207     132  
     1,188     994  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest-bearing debt position

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011  2010 

Non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     7,995    7,732  

Current portion of non-current interest-bearing liabilities

     532    437  

Deposits from third parties (mainly employee loans)

     449    425  
     8,976    8,594  

Bank overdrafts

   21     207    132  
     9,183    8,726  

Cash, cash equivalents and current other investments

     (828  (627

Net interest-bearing debt position

     8,355    8,099  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities

In millions of EUR

  Secured bank
loans
  Unsecured
bank loans
  Unsecured
bond issues
   Finance lease
liabilities
  Other non-current
interest-bearing
liabilities
  Non-current
derivatives
  Non-current
non-interest-
bearing
liabilities
  Total 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

   48    3,260    2,482     47    1,895    291    55    8,078  

Consolidation changes

   —      —      —       —      (24  —      —      (24

Effect of movements in exchange rates

   (1  (35  —       —      18    (4  (9  (31

Transfers to current liabilities

   (6  (802  3     (4  (169  (57  (7  (1,042

Charge to/(from) profit or loss i/r derivatives

   —      —      —       —      —      (8  —      (8

Charge to/(from) equity i/r derivatives

   —      —      —       —      —      (26  —      (26

Proceeds

   1    1,711    —       1    75    —      (9  1,779  

Repayments

   (5  (568  3     (11  (3  (19  (17  (620

Other

   —      41    5     —      33    —      14    93  

Balance as at 31 December 2011

   37    3,607    2,493     33    1,825    177    27    8,199  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Terms and debt repayment schedule

Terms and conditions of outstanding non-current and current loans and borrowings were as follows:

In millions of EUR

  

Category

  Currency   Nominal
interest rate %
   Repayment   Carrying
amount
2011
   Face value
2011
   Carrying
amount
2010
   Face value
2010
 

Secured bank loans

  Bank facilities   GBP     1.9     2016     17     17     23     23  

Secured bank loans

  Various   various     various     various     33     33     36     36  

Unsecured bank loans

  2008 Syndicated Bank Facility   EUR     0.4-1.7     2013    1,305     1,313     1,708     1,709  

Unsecured bank loans

  Bank Facility   EUR     6.0     2013-2016     329     329     434     434  

Unsecured bank loans

  German Schuldschein notes   EUR     1.0-6.0     2016     111     111     111     111  

Unsecured bank loans

  German Schuldschein notes   EUR     1.0-6.0     2012     102     102     102     102  

Unsecured bank loans

  German Schuldschein notes   EUR     1.0-6.0     2016     207     207     207     207  

Unsecured bank loans

  2008 Syndicated Bank Facility   GBP     0.4-1.2     2013     287     287     336     340  

Unsecured bank loans

  Bank Facilities   PLN     5.4-5.6     2013-2014     72     72     60     60  

Unsecured bank loans

  2011 Syndicated Bank Facilities   USD     0.8     2016     450     450     —       —    

Unsecured bank loans

  2011 Syndicated Bank Facilities   GBP     0.8     2016     422     422     —       —    

Unsecured bank loans

  2011 Syndicated Bank Facilities   EUR     0.8     2016     107     107     —       —    

Unsecured bank loans

  Bank Facilities   USD     0.8     2012-2013     93     93     167     172  

Unsecured bank loans

  Bank Facilities   MXN     4.5-10.6     2012-2013     183     176     444     445  

Unsecured bank loans

  Bank facilities   NGN     12.5-17.3     2012-2016     228     228     —       —    

Unsecured bank loans

  Various   various     various     various     40     40     37     37  

Unsecured bond

  Issue under EMTN programme   GBP     7.3     2015     476     479     461     465  

Unsecured bond

  Eurobond on Luxembourg Stock Exchange   EUR     5.0     2013     599     600     599     600  

Unsecured bond

  Issue under EMTN programme   EUR     7.1     2014     1,000     1,000     1,009     1,000  

Unsecured bond

  Issue under EMTN programme   EUR     4.6     2016     398     400     397     400  

Unsecured bond issues

  n/a   various     various     various     20     20     16     16  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2010 US private placement   USD     4.6     2018     559     561     541     546  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2002 S&N US private placement   USD     5.4-5.6     2012-2014     632     580     616     569  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2005 S&N US private placement   USD     5.4     2015     258     232     247     225  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2008 US private placement   USD     5.9-6.3     2015-2018     341     342     331     333  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2011 US private placement   USD     2.8     2017     69     70     —       —    

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  2008 US private placement   EUR     7.25     2016     30     30     30     33  

Other interest-bearing liabilities

  Various   various     various     various     120     120     162     158  

Deposits from third parties

  n/a   various     various     various     449     449     425     425  

Finance lease liabilities

  n/a   various     various     various     39     39     95     100  
           8,976     8,909     8,594     8,546  
          

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Revolving Credit Facility

On 5 May 2011, HEINEKEN N.V. announced the successful closing of a new Revolving Credit Facility for an amount of EUR2 billion with a syndicate of 17 banks. The new self-arranged credit line has a tenor of five years with two 1-year extension options and can be used for general corporate purposes. The new Revolving Credit Facility replaces the existing EUR2 billion facility. As at 31 December 2011, the committed available financing headroom was approximately EUR1.3 billion, including cash available at Group level.

On 27 October 2011, HEINEKEN issued USD90 million of notes with a 6-year maturity, further improving the currency and maturity profile of its long-term debt.

EMTN Programme

In September 2008, HEINEKEN established a Euro Medium Term Note (“EMTN”) Programme which was subsequently updated in September 2009 and September 2010. The programme allows HEINEKEN from time to time to issue Notes. Currently approximately EUR1.9 billion of Notes is outstanding under the programme. The programme can be used for issuance up to one year after its latest update. The EMTN Programme and all HEINEKEN N.V. bonds are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. HEINEKEN still has a capacity of EUR3.1 billion under this programme. HEINEKEN is in the process of updating the programme.

Incurrence covenant

HEINEKEN has an incurrence covenant in some of its financing facilities. This incurrence covenant is calculated by dividing Net Debt (calculated in accordance with the consolidation method of the 2007 Annual Accounts) by EBITDA (beia) (also calculated in accordance with the consolidation method of the 2007 Annual Accounts and including the pro-forma full-year EBITDA of any acquisitions made in 2011). As at 31 December 2011 this ratio was 2.1 (2010: 2.1). If the ratio would be beyond a level of 3.5, the incurrence covenant would prevent us from conducting further significant debt financed acquisitions.

26. Finance lease liabilities

Finance lease liabilities are payable as follows:

   Future
minimum
lease
payments
   Interest  Present value
of minimum
lease
payments
   Future
minimum
lease
payments
   Interest  Present value
of minimum
lease
payments
 

In millions of EUR

  2011   2011  2011   2010   2010  2010 

Less than one year

   7     (1  6     49     (1  48  

Between one and five years

   27     (1  26     39     (3  36  

More than five years

   7     —      7     13     (2  11  
   41     (2  39     101     (6  95  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

27. Non-GAAP measures

In the internal management reports HEINEKEN measures its performance primarily based on EBIT and EBIT (beia), these are non-GAAP measures not calculated in accordance with IFRS. A similar non-GAAP adjustment can be made to the IFRS profit or loss as defined in IAS 1 paragraph 7 being the total of income less expense. Exceptional items are defined as items of income and expense of such size, nature or incidence, that in the view of management their disclosure is relevant to explain the performance of HEINEKEN for the period. The table below presents the relationship with IFRS terms, the results from operating activities and profit and HEINEKEN non-GAAP measures being EBIT, EBIT (beia) and profit (beia) for the financial year 2011.

In millions of EUR

  2011*  2010* 

Results from operating activities

   2,215    2,298  

Share of profit of associates and joint ventures and impairments thereof (net of income tax)

   240    193  

HEINEKEN EBIT

   2,455    2,491  

Exceptional items and amortisation included in EBIT

   242    132  

HEINEKEN EBIT (beia)

   2,697    2,623  

Profit attributable to equity holders of the Company

   1,430    1,447  

Exceptional items and amortisation included in EBIT

   242    132  

Exceptional items included in finance costs

   (14  (5

Exceptional items included in tax expense

   (74  (118

HEINEKEN net profit beia

   1,584    1,456  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*unaudited

The exceptional items included in EBIT contain the amortisation of brands and customer relations for EUR170 million (2010: EUR142 million). The EU fine reduction of EUR21 million (gain), gain on sale of brands EUR24 million, redundancies and contract settlements for EUR81 million and the early amortisation and termination of contracts for EUR36 million relating to the Galaxy pub estate.

Exceptional items in the other net financing costs reflects fair value movements on interest rate swaps made by Scottish & Newcastle in the past that do not qualify for hedge accounting under IFRS. The tax expense exceptional items are for EUR47 million (2010: EUR39 million) related to amortisation of brands and customer relations and the remainder relates to the other exceptional items included in EBIT.

EBIT and EBIT (beia) are not financial measures calculated in accordance with IFRS. The presentation on these financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies due to differences in the ways the measures are calculated.

28. Employee benefits

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010* 

Present value of unfunded obligations

   96    118  

Present value of funded obligations

   6,804    6,525  

Total present value of obligations

   6,900    6,643  

Fair value of plan assets

   (5,860  (5,646

Present value of net obligations

   1,040    997  

Asset ceiling items

   14    —    

Recognised liability for defined benefit obligations

   1,054    997  

Other long-term employee benefits

   120    100  
   1,174    1,097  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Plan assets comprise:

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Equity securities

   2,520     2,484  

Government bonds

   2,534     2,421  

Properties and real estate

   410     436  

Other plan assets

   396     305  
   5,860     5,646  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The primary goal of the HEINEKEN pension funds is to monitor the mix of debt and equity securities in its investment portfolio based on market expectations. Material investments within the portfolio are managed on an individual basis.

Liability for defined benefit obligations

HEINEKEN makes contributions to a number of defined benefit plans that provide pension benefits for employees upon retirement in a number of countries being mainly the Netherlands and the UK (83 per cent of the total DBO). Other countries with a defined benefit plan are: Ireland, Greece, Austria, Italy, France, Spain, Mexico, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal and Nigeria. In other countries the pension plans are defined contribution plans and/or similar arrangements for employees.

In the UK the defined benefit scheme for employees (actives) was closed in 2011 and was replaced by a defined contribution scheme. The remaining defined benefit schemes in the UK are now closed for new entrants.

Other long-term employee benefits mainly relate to long-term bonus plans, termination benefits, medical plans and jubilee benefits.

Movements in the present value of the defined benefit obligations

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Defined benefit obligations as at 1 January

   6,643    5,935  

Changes in consolidation and reclassification

   —      286  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

   75    131  

Benefits paid

   (307  (298

Employee contributions

   24    19  

Current service costs and interest on obligation

   411    411  

Past service costs

   (5  (9

Effect of any curtailment or settlement

   (35  (15

Actuarial (gains)/losses in other comprehensive income

   94    183  

Defined benefit obligations as at 31 December

   6,900    6,643  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Movements in the present value of plan assets

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Fair value of plan assets as at 1 January

   5,646    4,858  

Changes in consolidation and reclassification

   —      115  

Effect of movements in exchange rates

   76    127  

Contributions paid into the plan

   145    226  

Benefits paid

   (307  (298

Expected return on plan assets

   315    298  

Actuarial gains/(losses) in other comprehensive income

   (15  320  

Fair value of plan assets as at 31 December

   5,860    5,646  

Actual return on plan assets

   307    618  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Expense recognised in profit or loss

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011  2010* 

Current service costs

     71    77  

Interest on obligation

     340    334  

Expected return on plan assets

     (315  (298

Past service costs

     (5  (9

Effect of any curtailment or settlement

     (35  (15
   10     56    89  
    

 

 

  

 

 

 

*Comparatives have been adjusted due to the accounting policy change in employee benefits (see note 2e)

Actuarial gains and losses recognised in other comprehensive income

In millions of EUR

  Note  2011   2010 

Amount accumulated in retained earnings at 1 January

     410     547  

Recognised during the year

     109     (137

Amount accumulated in retained earnings at 31 December

     519     410  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Principal actuarial assumptions as at the balance sheet date

The defined benefit plans in the Netherlands and the UK cover 87.2 per cent of the present value of the plan assets (2010: 86.8 per cent), 82.8 per cent of the present value of the defined benefit obligations (2010: 81.7 per cent) and 57.8 per cent of the present value of net obligations (2010: 52.9 per cent) as at 31 December 2011. The table below presents the expected return on plan assets compared to the actual return on plan assets for our main defined benefit plans.

   The Netherlands   UK 

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010   2011   2010 

Expected return on plan assets

   125    121     152     145  

Actual return on plan assets

   62    275     226     304  

Variance

   (63  154     74     159  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the Netherlands and the UK the following actuarial assumptions apply as at 31 December:

   The Netherlands   UK 
   2011   2010   2011*   2010 

Discount rate as at 31 December

   4.6     5.1     4.7     5.4  

Expected return on plan assets as at 1 January

   5.5     5.7     6.2     6.4  

Future salary increases

   3     3     —       4.6  

Future pension increases

   1     1.5     3     3  

Medical cost trend rate

   —       —       —       7  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

*The UK plan closed for future accruals leading to certain assumptions being equal to zero.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

For the other defined benefit plans the following actuarial assumptions apply as per 31 December:

   Other Western, Central
and Eastern Europe
   The Americas   Africa and the
Middle East
 
   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010 

Discount rate as at 31 December

   2.9–4.8     2.4–5.8     7.6–10.7     7–7.6     13     7–10  

Expected return on plan assets as at 1 January

   3.3–7.3     2.9–7.3     7.6     6.5–8.2     —       —    

Future salary increases

   1–10     1–10     3.8     3.8–5.5     12     5–10  

Future pension increases

   1–2.1     1–2.1     2.9     2.8–3     —       —    

Medical cost trend rate

   3.5     3.5–4.5     5.1     5.1     —       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Assumptions regarding future mortality rates are based on published statistics and mortality tables. For the Netherlands the rates are obtained from the ‘AG-Prognosetafel 2010-2060’, fully generational. Correction factors from TowersWatson are applied on these. For the UK the rates are obtained from the Continious Mortality Investigation 2011 projection model.

The overall expected long-term rate of return on assets is 5.5 per cent (2010: 6 per cent), which is based on the asset mix and the expected rate of return on each major asset class, as managed by the pension funds.

Assumed healthcare cost trend rates have no effect on the amounts recognised in profit or loss. A one percentage point change in assumed healthcare cost trend rates would not have any effect on profit or loss neither on the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2011.

Based on the most recent triannual review finalised in early 2010, HEINEKEN has agreed a 12-year plan aiming to fund the recovery of the Scottish & Newcastle pension fund through additional Company contributions. These could total GBP504 million of which GBP35 million has been paid to December 2011. As at 31 December 2011 the IAS 19 present value of the net obligations of the Scottish & Newcastle pension fund represents a GBP465 million (EUR557 million) deficit. No additional liability has to be recognised as the net present value of the minimum funding requirement does not exceed the net obligation. The start of the next review of the funding position and the recovery plan will take place no later than around year-end 2012 and is not expected to be finalised beginning 2013.

The Group expects the 2012 contributions to be paid for the defined benefit plan to be in line with 2011.

Historical information

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010  2009  2008  2007 

Present value of the defined benefit obligation

   6,900    6,643    5,936    4,963    2,858  

Fair value of plan assets

   (5,860  (5,646  (4,858  (4,231  (2,535

Deficit in the plan

   1,040    997    1,078    732    323  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Experience adjustments arising on plan liabilities, losses/(gains)

   (30  (24  (116  71    (4

Experience adjustments arising on plan assets, (losses)/gains

   (15  320    313    (817  16  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

29. Share-based payments – Long-Term Variable Award

As from 1 January 2005 HEINEKEN established a performance-based share plan (Long-Term Variable award; LTV) for the Executive Board. As from 1 January 2006 a similar plan was established for senior management. Under this LTV share rights are awarded to incumbents on an annual basis. The vesting of these rights is subject to the performance of HEINEKEN N.V. on specific performance conditions over a three year period.

The LTV 2009 – 2011 performance condition for the Executive Board is Relative Total Shareholder Return (RTSR) or TSR performance in comparison with the TSR performance of a selected peer group. The LTV 2009-2011 performance conditions for senior management are RTSR (25 per cent) and internal financial measures (75 per cent).

The performance conditions for LTV 2010-2012 and LTV 2011-2013 are the same for the Executive Board and senior management and comprise solely of internal financial measures, being Organic Gross Profit beia growth, Organic EBIT beia growth, Earnings Per Share (EPS) beia growth and Free Operating Cash Flow.

At target performance, 100 per cent of the awarded shares vest. At threshold performance, 50 per cent of the awarded shares vest. At maximum performance 200 per cent of the awarded shares vest for the Executive Board as well as senior managers contracted by the US and 175 per cent vest for all other senior managers.

The performance period for share rights granted in 2009 was from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2011. The performance period for share rights granted in 2010 is from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012. The performance period for the share rights granted in 2011 is from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013. The vesting date for the Executive Board is within five business days, and for senior management the latest of 1 April and 20 business days, after the publication of the annual results of 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively.

As HEINEKEN will withhold the tax related to vesting on behalf of the individual employees, the number of HEINEKEN N.V. shares to be received by the Executive Board and senior management will be a net number.

The terms and conditions of the share rights granted are as follows:

Grant date/employees entitled

  Number*   Based on share
price
   

Vesting conditions

  Contractual life
of rights
 

Share rights granted to Executive Board in 2009

   53,083     21.90    Continued service and RTSR performance   3 years  

Share rights granted to senior management in 2009

   562,862     21.90    Continued service, 75% internal performance conditions and 25% RTSR performance   3 years  

Share rights granted to Executive Board in 2010

   55,229     33.27    Continued service, 100% internal performance conditions   3 years  

Share rights granted to senior management in 2010

   516,765     33.27    Continued service, 100% internal performance conditions   3 years  

Share rights granted to Executive Board in 2011

   65,072     36.69    Continued service, 100% internal performance conditions   3 years  

Share rights granted to senior management in 2011

   730,090     36.69    Continued service, 100% internal performance conditions   3 years  
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

*The number of shares is based on target performance.

Based on RTSR and internal performance, it is expected that approximately 593,428 shares will vest in 2012 for senior management.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

The number -as corrected for the expected performance for the various awards- and weighted average share price per share under the LTV of senior management are as follows:

   Weighted average
share price 2011
   Number of share
rights 2011
  Weighted average
share price 2010
   Number of share
rights 2010*
 

Outstanding as at 1 January

   30.11     1,575,880    30.35     1,481,269  

Granted during the year

   36.69     795,162    33.27     571,994  

Forfeited during the year

   31.73     (119,856  30.89     (94,817

Vested during the year

   44.22     (234,485  36.03     (253,377

Performance adjustment

   —       (470,187  —       (129,189

Outstanding as at 31 December

   29.14     1,546,514    30.11     1,575,880  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

*The 2010 figures are restated to reflect the performance adjustment in number of shares.

No vesting occurred under the 2008 – 2010 LTV of the Executive Board. A total of 234,485 (gross) shares vested under the 2008 – 2010 LTV of senior management.

Additionally, under extraordinary share plans 52,746 shares were granted and 17,864 (gross) shares vested. These extraordinary grants only have a service condition and vest between 1 and 5 years. The expenses relating to these expected additional grants are recognised in profit or loss during the vesting period. Expenses recognised in 2011 are EUR0.4 million (2010: EUR0.5 million).

The fair value of services received in return for share rights granted is based on the fair value of shares granted, measured using the Monte Carlo model (applicable for the LTV 2009 – 2011 LTV plan), with following inputs:

In EUR

  Executive Board 2009  Senior
management
2009
 

Fair value at grant date

   512,359    8,478,659  

Expected volatility

   22.8  22.8

Expected dividends

   2.1  2.1
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Personnel expenses

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Share rights granted in 2008

     —       3  

Share rights granted in 2009

     5     5  

Share rights granted in 2010

     1     7  

Share rights granted in 2011

     5     —    

Total expense recognised as personnel expenses

   10     11     15  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

30. Provisions

In millions of EUR

  Note   Restructuring  Onerous
contracts
  Other  Total 

Balance as at 1 January 2011

     112    55    431    598  

Changes in consolidation

   6     —      —      15    15  

Provisions made during the year

     108    8    53    169  

Provisions used during the year

     (61  (20  (42  (123

Provisions reversed during the year

     (10  (3  (61  (74

Effect of movements in exchange rates

     —      —      (13  (13

Unwinding of discounts

     2    2    13    17  

Balance as at 31 December 2011

     151    42    396    589  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Non-current

     84    30    335    449  

Current

     67    12    61    140  
     151    42    396    589  
    

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Restructuring

The provision for restructuring of EUR151 million mainly relates to restructuring programmes in Spain, the Netherlands and the UK.

Other provisions

Included are, amongst others, surety and guarantees provided EUR27 million (2010: EUR56 million) and litigation and claims EUR207 million (2010: EUR230 million).

31. Trade and other payables

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Trade payables

     2,009     1,660  

Returnable packaging deposits

     490     434  

Taxation and social security contributions

     665     652  

Dividend

     33     53  

Interest

     100     97  

Derivatives

     164     66  

Share purchase mandate

     —       96  

Other payables

     243     298  

Accruals and deferred income

     920     909  
   32     4,624     4,265  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

32. Financial risk management and financial instruments

Overview

HEINEKEN has exposure to the following risks from its use of financial instruments, as they arise in the normal course of HEINEKEN’s business:

Credit risk

Liquidity risk

Market risk.

This note presents information about HEINEKEN’s exposure to each of the above risks, and it summarises HEINEKEN’s policies and processes that are in place for measuring and managing risk, including those related to capital management. Further quantitative disclosures are included throughout these consolidated financial statements.

Risk management framework

The Executive Board, under the supervision of the Supervisory Board, has overall responsibility and sets rules for HEINEKEN’s risk management and control systems. They are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Group’s activities. The Executive Board oversees the adequacy and functioning of the entire system of risk management and internal control, assisted by Group departments.

The Global Treasury function focuses primarily on the management of financial risk and financial resources. Some of the risk management strategies include the use of derivatives, primarily in the form of spot and forward exchange contracts and interest rate swaps, but options can be used as well. It is the Group policy that no speculative transactions are entered into.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to HEINEKEN if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from HEINEKEN’s receivables from customers and investment securities.

The economic crisis has impacted our regular business activities and performance, in particular in consumer spending and solvency. However, the business impact differed across the regions and operations. Local management has assessed the risk exposure following Group instructions and is taking action to mitigate the higher than usual risks. Intensified and continuous focus is being given in the areas of customers (managing trade receivables and loans) and suppliers (financial position of critical suppliers).

As at the balance sheet date there were no significant concentrations of credit risk. The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial instrument, including derivative financial instruments, in the consolidated statement of financial position.

Loans to customers

HEINEKEN’s exposure to credit risk is mainly influenced by the individual characteristics of each customer. HEINEKEN’s held-to-maturity investments includes loans to customers, issued based on a loan contract. Loans to customers are ideally secured by, amongst others, rights on property or intangible assets, such as the right to take possession of the premises of the customer. Interest rates calculated by HEINEKEN are at least based on the risk-free rate plus a margin, which takes into account the risk profile of the customer and value of security given.

HEINEKEN establishes an allowance for impairment of loans that represents its estimate of incurred losses. The main components of this allowance are a specific loss component that relates to individually significant exposures, and a collective loss component established for groups of similar customers in respect of losses that have been incurred but not yet identified. The collective loss allowance is determined based on historical data of payment statistics.

In a few countries the issue of new loans is outsourced to third parties. In most cases, HEINEKEN issues sureties (guarantees) to the third party for the risk of default by the customer.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Trade and other receivables

HEINEKEN’s local management has credit policies in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. Under the credit policies all customers requiring credit over a certain amount are reviewed and new customers are analysed individually for creditworthiness before HEINEKEN’s standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. HEINEKEN’s review includes external ratings, where available, and in some cases bank references. Purchase limits are established for each customer and these limits are reviewed regularly. As a result of the deteriorating economic circumstances since 2008, certain purchase limits have been redefined. Customers that fail to meet HEINEKEN’s benchmark creditworthiness may transact with HEINEKEN only on a prepayment basis.

In monitoring customer credit risk, customers are, on a country base, grouped according to their credit characteristics, including whether they are an individual or legal entity, which type of distribution channel they represent, geographic location, industry, ageing profile, maturity and existence of previous financial difficulties. Customers that are graded as ‘high risk’ are placed on a restricted customer list, and future sales are made on a prepayment basis only with approval of Management.

HEINEKEN has multiple distribution models to deliver goods to end customers. Deliveries are done in some countries via own wholesalers, in other markets directly and in some others via third parties. As such distribution models are country specific and on consolidated level diverse, as such the results and the balance sheet items cannot be split between types of customers on a consolidated basis. The various distribution models are also not centrally managed or monitored.

HEINEKEN establishes an allowance for impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in respect of trade and other receivables and investments. The components of this allowance are a specific loss component and a collective loss component.

Advances to customers

Advances to customers relate to an upfront cash-discount to customers. The advances are amortised over the term of the contract as a reduction of revenue.

In monitoring customer credit risk, refer to the paragraph above relating to trade and other receivables.

Investments

HEINEKEN limits its exposure to credit risk by only investing available cash balances in liquid securities and only with counterparties that have a credit rating of at least single A or equivalent for short-term transactions and AA- for long-term transactions. HEINEKEN actively monitors these credit ratings.

Guarantees

HEINEKEN’s policy is to avoid issuing guarantees where possible unless this leads to substantial benefits for the Group. In cases where HEINEKEN does provide guarantees, such as to banks for loans (to third parties), HEINEKEN aims to receive security from the third party.

HEINEKEN N.V. has issued a joint and several liability statement to the provisions of Section 403, Part 9, Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code with respect to legal entities established in the Netherlands.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Exposure to credit risk

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was:

In millions of EUR

  Note   2011   2010 

Loans and advances to customers

   17     384     455  

Indemnification receivable

   17     156     145  

Other long-term receivables

   17     178     174  

Held-to-maturity investments

   17     5     4  

Available-for-sale investments

   17     264     190  

Non-current derivatives

   17     142     135  

Investments held for trading

   17     14     17  

Trade and other receivables, excluding current derivatives

   20     2,223     2,263  

Current derivatives

   20     37     10  

Cash and cash equivalents

   21     813     610  
     4,216     4,003  
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade and other receivables (excluding derivatives) at the reporting date by geographic region was:

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010 

Western Europe

   1,038     997  

Central and Eastern Europe

   448     458  

The Americas

   405     497  

Africa and the Middle East

   166     151  

Asia Pacific

   19     19  

Head Office/eliminations

   147     141  
   2,223     2,263  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Impairment losses

The ageing of trade and other receivables (excluding derivatives) at the reporting date was:

In millions of EUR

  Gross 2011   Impairment 2011  Gross 2010   Impairment 2010 

Not past due

   1,909     (67  1,894     (49

Past due 0 – 30 days

   233     (17  250     (21

Past due 31 – 120 days

   210     (83  271     (106

More than 120 days

   349     (311  294     (270
   2,701     (478  2,709     (446
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

The movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of trade and other receivables (excluding derivatives) during the year was as follows:

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Balance as at 1 January

   446    378  

Impairment loss recognised

   104    168  

Allowance used

   (17  (52

Allowance released

   (47  (53

Effect of movements in exchange rates

   (8  5  

Balance as at 31 December

   478    446  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of loans during the year was as follows:

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Balance as at 1 January

   171    165  

Changes in consolidation

   —      (8

Impairment loss recognised

   10    37  

Allowance used

   (3  (23

Allowance released

   (9  (2

Effect of movements in exchange rates

   1    2  

Balance as at 31 December

   170    171  
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Impairment losses recognised for trade and other receivables (excluding derivatives) and loans are part of the other non-cash items in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

The income statement impact of EUR1 million (2010: EUR35 million) in respect of loans and the income statement impact of EUR57 million (2010: EUR115 million) in respect of trade receivables (excluding derivatives) were included in expenses for raw materials, consumables and services.

The allowance accounts in respect of trade and other receivables and held-to-maturity investments are used to record impairment losses, unless HEINEKEN is satisfied that no recovery of the amount owing is possible, at that point the amount considered irrecoverable is written off against the financial asset.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that HEINEKEN will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. HEINEKEN’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to HEINEKEN’s reputation.

Recent times have proven the credit markets situation could be such that it is difficult to generate capital to finance long-term growth of the Company. Although currently the situation is more stable, the Company has a clear focus on ensuring sufficient access to capital markets to finance long-term growth and to refinance maturing debt obligations. Financing strategies are under continuous evaluation. In addition, the Company focuses on a further fine-tuning of the maturity profile of its long-term debts with its forecasted operating cash flows. Strong cost and cash management and controls over investment proposals are in place to ensure effective and efficient allocation of financial resources.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Contractual maturities

The following are the contractual maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities and derivative financial assets and liabilities, including interest payments and excluding the impact of netting agreements:

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
  Contractual
cash flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2011
More than
5 years
 

Financial liabilities

       

Interest-bearing liabilities

   9,183    (10,287  (1,543  (2,864  (4,794  (1,086

Non-interest-bearing liabilities

   27    (20  7    (16  (5  (6

Trade and other payables, excluding interest, dividends and derivatives

   4,327    (4,327  (4,327  —      —      —    

Derivative financial (assets) and liabilities

       

Interest rate swaps used for hedge accounting, net

   (12  9    (42  26    (42  67  

Forward exchange contracts used for hedge accounting, net

   46    (43  (35  (8  —      —    

Commodity derivatives used for hedge accounting, net

   26    (26  (22  (4  —      —    

Derivatives not used for hedge accounting, net

   102    (97  (86  (10  (1  —    
   13,699    (14,791  (6,048  (2,876  (4,842  (1,025
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The total carrying amount and contractual cash flows of derivatives are included in trade and other receivables (note 20) and trade and other payables (note 31) and non-current non-interest bearing liabilities (note 25).

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
   Contractual
cash flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2010
More than
5 years
 

Financial liabilities

        

Interest-bearing liabilities

   8,726     (10,073  (1,316  (830  (6,087  (1,840

Non-interest-bearing liabilities

   55     (58  (38  (7  (11  (2

Trade and other payables, excluding interest, dividends and derivatives

   4,049     (4,073  (4,073            

Derivative financial (assets) and liabilities

        

Interest rate swaps used for hedge accounting, net

   123     (87  (25  (31  (78  47  

Forward exchange contracts used for hedge accounting, net

   7     (16  (20  4          

Commodity derivatives used for hedge accounting, net

   7     (7  (8  3    (2    

Derivatives not used for hedge accounting, net

   75     (121  (77  (15  (29    
   13,042     (14,435  (5,557  (876  (6,207  (1,795
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The total carrying amount and contractual cash flows of derivatives are included in trade and other receivables (note 20), other investments (note 17), trade and other payables (note 31) and non-current non-interest-bearing liabilities (note 25).

Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates, commodity prices and equity prices will affect HEINEKEN’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, whilst optimising the return on risk.

HEINEKEN uses derivatives in the ordinary course of business, and also incurs financial liabilities, in order to manage market risks. Generally, HEINEKEN seeks to apply hedge accounting or make use of natural hedges in order to minimise the effects of foreign currency fluctuations in profit or loss.

Derivatives that can be used are interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, caps and floors, commodity swaps, spot and forward exchange contracts and options. Transactions are entered into with a limited number of counterparties with strong credit ratings. Foreign currency, interest rate and commodity hedging operations are governed by internal policies and rules approved and monitored by the Executive Board.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Foreign currency risk

HEINEKEN is exposed to foreign currency risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the respective functional currencies of HEINEKEN entities. The main currencies that give rise to this risk are the US dollar, euro and British pound.

In managing foreign currency risk, HEINEKEN aims to reduce the impact of short-term fluctuations on earnings. Over the longer term, however, permanent changes in foreign exchange rates would have an impact on profit.

HEINEKEN hedges up to 90 per cent of its mainly intra-HEINEKEN US dollar cash flows on the basis of rolling cash flow forecasts in respect to forecasted sales and purchases. Cash flows in other foreign currencies are also hedged on the basis of rolling cash flow forecasts. HEINEKEN mainly uses forward exchange contracts to hedge its foreign currency risk. The majority of the forward exchange contracts have maturities of less than one year after the balance sheet date.

The Company has a clear policy on hedging transactional exchange risks, which postpones the impact on financial results. Translation exchange risks are hedged to a limited extent, as the underlying currency positions are generally considered to be long-term in nature. The result of the net investment hedging is recognised in the translation reserve as can be seen in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

It is HEINEKEN’s policy to provide intra-HEINEKEN financing in the functional currency of subsidiaries where possible to prevent foreign currency exposure on subsidiary level. The resulting exposure at Group level is hedged by means of forward exchange contracts. Intra-HEINEKEN financing in foreign currencies is mainly in British pounds, US dollars, Swiss franc and Polish zloty. In some cases HEINEKEN elects to treat intra-HEINEKEN financing with a permanent character as equity and does not hedge the foreign currency exposure.

The principal amounts of HEINEKEN’s British pound, Polish zloty, Mexican peso and Egyptian pound bank loans and bond issues are used to hedge local operations, which generate cash flows that have the same respective functional currencies. Corresponding interest on these borrowings is also denominated in currencies that match the cash flows generated by the underlying operations of HEINEKEN. This provides an economic hedge without derivatives being entered into.

In respect of other monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of the Company and the various foreign operations, HEINEKEN ensures that its net exposure is kept to an acceptable level by buying or selling foreign currencies at spot rates when necessary to address short-term imbalances.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Exposure to foreign currency risk

HEINEKEN’s transactional exposure to the British pound, US dollar and euro was as follows based on notional amounts. The euro column relates to transactional exposure to the euro within subsidiaries which are reporting in other currencies.

         2011        2010 

In millions

  EUR  GBP  USD  EUR  GBP  USD 

Financial Assets

       

Trade and other receivables

   14    1    12    11    —      6  

Cash and cash equivalents

   52    60    21    40    —      6  

Intragroup assets

   4    455    1,384    —      355    1,203  

Financial Liabilities

       

Interest bearing borrowings

   (50  (1,050  (3,082  (54  (746  (2,217

Non-interest-bearing liabilities

   —      —      (75  —      —      —    

Trade and other payables

   (61  —     ��(34  (46  —      (2

Intragroup liabilities

   (314  —      (502  (259  —      (490

Gross balance sheet exposure

   (355  (534  (2,276  (308  (391  (1,494

Estimated forecast sales next year

   119    16    1,041    129    1    947  

Estimated forecast purchases next year

   (442  —      (723  (463  (1  (539

Gross exposure

   (678  (518  (1,958  (642  (391  (1,086

Net notional amount forward exchange contracts

   (851  535    1,161    (915  396    1,448  

Net exposure

   (1,529  17    (797  (1,557  5    362  

Sensitivity analysis

       

Equity

   15    —      14    (5  —      38  

Profit or loss

   —      —      —      —      (1  —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Included in the US dollar amounts are intra-HEINEKEN cash flows. Within the net notional amount forward exchange contracts, the cross-currency interest rate swaps of HEINEKEN UK forms the largest component.

Sensitivity analysis

A 10 per cent strengthening of the euro against the British pound and US dollar or in case of the euro a strengthening of the euro against all other currencies as at 31 December would have increased (decreased) equity and profit by the amounts shown above. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2010.

A 10 per cent weakening of the euro against the British pound and US dollar or in case of the euro a weakening of the euro against all other currencies as at 31 December would have had the equal but opposite effect on the basis that all other variables remain constant.

Interest rate risk

In managing interest rate risk, HEINEKEN aims to reduce the impact of short-term fluctuations on earnings. Over the longer term, however, permanent changes in interest rates would have an impact on profit.

HEINEKEN opts for a mix of fixed and variable interest rates in its financing operations, combined with the use of interest rate instruments. Currently HEINEKEN’s interest rate position is more weighted towards fixed rather than floating. Interest rate instruments that can be used are interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, caps and floors.

Swap maturity follows the maturity of the related loans and borrowings and have swap rates for the fixed leg ranging from 1.0 to 8.1 per cent (2010: from 2.0 to 8.8 per cent).

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Interest rate risk – Profile

At the reporting date the interest rate profile of HEINEKEN’S interest-bearing financial instruments was as follows:

In millions of EUR

  2011  2010 

Fixed rate instruments

   

Financial assets

   95    84  

Financial liabilities

   (5,253  (5,275

Interest rate swaps floating to fixed

   (1,051  (456
   (6,209  (5,647
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Variable rate instruments

   

Financial assets

   431    633  

Financial liabilities

   (3,177  (2,786

Interest rate swaps fixed to floating

   1,051    456  
   (1,695  (1,697
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed rate instruments

During 2011, HEINEKEN opted to apply fair value hedge accounting on certain fixed rate financial liabilities. The fair value movements on these instruments are recognised in profit or loss. The change in fair value on these instruments was EUR(30) million in 2011 (2010: EUR(67) million), which was offset by the change in fair value of the hedge accounting instruments, which was EUR39 million (2010: EUR70 million).

A change of 100 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below (after tax).

In millions of EUR

  100 bp increase  Profit or loss
100 bp decrease
  100 bp increase  Equity
100 bp decrease
 

31 December 2011

     

Instruments designated at fair value

   29    (29  29    (29

Interest rate swaps

   (20  21    (2  2  

Fair value sensitivity (net)

   9    (8  27    (27
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

31 December 2010

     

Instruments designated at fair value

   39    (40  40    (40

Interest rate swaps

   (25  27    (4  5  

Fair value sensitivity (net)

   14    (13  36    (35
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

As part of the acquisition of Scottish & Newcastle in 2008, HEINEKEN took over a specific portfolio of euro floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps of which currently EUR690 million is still outstanding. Although interest rate risk is hedged economically, it is not possible to apply hedge accounting on this portfolio. A movement in interest rates will therefore lead to a fair value movement in the profit or loss under the other net financing income/(expenses). Any related non-cash income or expenses in our profit or loss are expected to reverse over time.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable rate instruments

A change of 100 basis points in interest rates constantly applied during the reporting period would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below (after tax). This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant and excludes any possible change in fair value of derivatives at period-end because of a change in interest rates. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2010.

In millions of EUR

  100 bp increase  Profit or loss
100 bp decrease
  100 bp increase  Equity
100 bp Decrease
 

31 December 2011

     

Variable rate instruments

   (20  20    (20  20  

Net interest rate swaps fixed to floating

   8    (8  8    (8

Cash flow sensitivity (net)

   (12  12    (12  12  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

31 December 2010

     

Variable rate instruments

   (16  16    (16  16  

Net interest rate swaps fixed to floating

   3    (3  3    (3

Cash flow sensitivity (net)

   (13  13    (13  13  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Commodity price risk

Commodity price risk is the risk that changes in commodity prices will affect HEINEKEN’S income. The objective of commodity price risk management is to manage and control commodity risk exposures within acceptable parameters, whilst optimising the return on risk. The main commodity exposure relates to the purchase of cans, glass bottles, malt and utilities. Commodity price risk is in principle addressed by negotiating fixed prices in supplier contracts with various contract durations. So far, commodity hedging with financial counterparties by the Company is limited to the incidental sale of surplus CO2 emission rights and to aluminium hedging and, to a limited extent, gas hedging, which is done in accordance with risk policies. HEINEKEN does not enter into commodity contracts other than to meet HEINEKEN’S expected usage and sale requirements. As at 31 December 2011, the market value of aluminium swaps was EUR(22) million (2010: EUR12 million).

Cash flow hedges

The following table indicates the periods in which the cash flows associated with derivatives that are cash flow hedges, are expected to occur.

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
  Expected
cash flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2011
More than
5 years
 

Interest rate swaps:

       

Assets

   170    1,904    120    107    726    951  

Liabilities

   (48  (1,786  (136  (108  (658  (884

Forward exchange contracts:

       

Assets

   15    1,078    871    207    —      —    

Liabilities

   (49  (1,111  (896  (215  —      —    

Commodity derivatives:

       

Assets

   11    11    11    —      —      —    

Liabilities

   (36  (36  (32  (4  —      —    
   63    60    (62  (13  68    67  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The periods in which the cash flows associated with forward exchange contracts that are cash flow hedges are expected to impact profit or loss is on average two months earlier than the occurrence of the cash flows as in the above table.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
  Expected cash
flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2010
More than
5 years
 

Interest rate swaps:

       

Assets

   89    1,902    95    90    715    1,002  

Liabilities

   (105  (1,921  (158  (118  (690  (955

Forward exchange contracts:

       

Assets

   10    1,093    805    288    —      —    

Liabilities

   (18  (1,117  (833  (284  —      —    

Commodity derivatives:

       

Assets

   26    27    8    18    1    —    

Liabilities

   (33  (33  (15  (15  (3  —    
   (31  (49  (98  (21  23    47  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Fair value hedges/net investment hedges

The following table indicates the periods in which the cash flows associated with derivatives that are fair value hedges or net investment hedges are expected to occur.

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
  Expected cash
flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2011
More than
5 years
 

Interest rate swaps:

       

Assets

   27    967    171    49    747    —    

Liabilities

   (136  (1,059  (180  (22  (857  —    

Forward exchange contracts:

       

Assets

   —      177    177    —      —      —    

Liabilities

   (12  (187  (187  —      —      —    
   (121  (102  (19  27    (110  —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

In millions of EUR

  Carrying
amount
  Expected cash
flows
  Less than
1 year
  1-2 years  2-5 years  2010
More than
5 years
 

Interest rate swaps:

       

Assets

   32    1,009    64    176    769    —    

Liabilities

   (139  (1,077  (26  (179  (872  —    

Forward exchange contracts:

       

Assets

   1    317    317    —      —      —    

Liabilities

   —      (309  (309  —      —      —    
   (106  (60  46    (3  (103  —    
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Capital management

There were no major changes in HEINEKEN’s approach to capital management during the year. The Executive Board’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of business and acquisitions. Capital is herein defined as equity attributable to equity holders of the Company (total equity minus non-controlling interests).

HEINEKEN is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements other than the legal reserves explained in note 22. Shares are purchased to meet the requirements under the Long-Term Incentive Plan as further explained in note 29.

Fair values

The fair values of financial assets and liabilities that differ from the carrying amounts shown in the statement of financial position are as follows:

In millions of EUR

  Carrying amount
2011
  Fair value
2011
  Carrying amount
2010
  Fair value
2010
 

Bank loans

   (3,986  (4,017  (3,665  (3,734

Unsecured bond issues

   (2,493  (2,727  (2,482  (2,739

Finance lease liabilities

   (39  (39  (95  (95

Other interest-bearing liabilities

   (2,009  (2,039  (1,927  (2,260
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Basis for determining fair values

The significant methods and assumptions used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments reflected in the table above are discussed in note 4.

Fair value hierarchy

IFRS 7 requires disclosure of fair value measurements by level of the following fair value measurement hierarchy:

Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1)

Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2)

Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs) (level 3).

31 December 2010

  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 

Available-for-sale investments

   81     —       183  

Non-current derivative assets

   —       142     —    

Current derivative assets

   —       37     —    

Investments held for trading

   14     —       —    
   95     179     183  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current derivative liabilities

   —       177     —    

Current derivative liabilities

   —       164     —    
   —       341     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

31 December 2010

  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 

Available-for-sale investments

   70     —       120  

Non-current derivative assets

   —       135     —    

Current derivative assets

   —       10     —    

Investments held for trading

   17     —       —    
   87     145     120  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current derivative liabilities

   —       291     —    

Current derivative liabilities

   —       66     —    
   —       357     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

In millions of EUR

      2011   2010 

Available-for-sale investments based on Level 3

      

Balance as at 1 January

     120     162  

Fair value adjustments recognised in other comprehensive income

     61     (8

Disposals

     —       (26

Transfers

     2     (8

Balance as at 31 December

     183     120  

33. Off-balance sheet commitments

In millions of EUR

  Total
2011
   Less than 1
year
   1-5 years   More than
5 years
   Total 2010 

Lease & operational lease commitments

   503     124     258     121     433  

Property, plant & equipment ordered

   50     45     2     3     49  

Raw materials purchase contracts

   3,843     1,413     2,134     296     4,503  

Other off-balance sheet obligations

   2,589     509     1,277     803     1,943  

Off-balance sheet obligations

   6,985     2,091     3,671     1,223     6,928  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Undrawn committed bank facilities

   1,274     233     1,041     —       2,188  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

HEINEKEN leases buildings, cars and equipment in the ordinary course of business.

Raw material contracts include long-term purchase contracts with suppliers in which prices are fixed or will be agreed based upon predefined price formulas. These contracts mainly relate to malt, bottles and cans.

During the year ended 31 December 2011 EUR241 million (2010: EUR224 million) was recognised as an expense in profit or loss in respect of operating leases and rent.

Other off-balance sheet obligations mainly include distribution, rental, service and sponsorship contracts.

Committed bank facilities are credit facilities on which a commitment fee is paid as compensation for the bank’s requirement to reserve capital. For the details of these committed bank facilities see note 25. The bank is legally obliged to provide the facility under the terms and conditions of the agreement.

34. Contingencies

Netherlands

HEINEKEN is involved in an antitrust case initiated by the European Commission for particular violations of the European Union competition law. By decision of 18 April 2007 the European Commission concluded that HEINEKEN and other brewers operating in the Netherlands, restricted competition in the Dutch market during the period 1996 – 1999. This decision follows an investigation by the European Commission that commenced in March 2000. HEINEKEN fully cooperated with the authorities in this investigation. As a result of its decision, the European Commission imposed a fine on HEINEKEN of EUR219 million in April 2007.

On 4 July 2007 HEINEKEN filed an appeal with the European Court of First Instance against the decision of the European Commission as HEINEKEN disagrees with the findings of the European Commission. Pending appeal, HEINEKEN was obliged to pay the fine to the European Commission. This fine was paid in 2007 and was treated as an expense in the 2007 Annual Report.

In its judgment of 16 June 2011 the European Court of First Instance largely upheld the decision of the European Commission. However, the original fine was reduced by EUR21 million. On 26 August 2011 HEINEKEN appealed with the European Court of Justice against the judgment of the European Court of First Instance. A final decision is expected in 2013.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Brazil

As part of the acquisition of the beer operations of FEMSA, HEINEKEN also inherited existing legal proceedings with labour unions, tax authorities and other parties of its, now wholly-owned, subsidiary Cervejarias Kaiser (HEINEKEN Brazil). The proceedings have arisen in the ordinary course of business and are common to the current economic and legal environment of Brazil. The proceedings have partly been provided for, see note 30. The contingent amount being claimed against HEINEKEN Brazil resulting from such proceedings as at 31 December 2011 is EUR848 million. Such contingencies were classified by legal counsel as less than probable but more than remote of being settled against HEINEKEN Brazil. However, HEINEKEN believes that the ultimate resolution of such legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or result of operations. HEINEKEN does not expect any significant liability to arise from these contingencies. A significant part of the aforementioned contingencies (EUR364 million) are tax related and qualify for indemnification by FEMSA, see note 17.

As is customary in Brazil, HEINEKEN Brazil has been requested by the tax authorities to collateralise tax contingencies currently in litigation amounting to EUR280 million by either pledging fixed assets or entering into available lines of credit which cover such contingencies.

Guarantees

In millions of EUR

  Total 2011   Less than 1
year
   1-5 years   More than
5 years
   Total 2010 

Guarantees to banks for loans (to third parties)

   339     208     91     40     384  

Other guarantees

   372     128     7     237     271  

Guarantees

   711     336     98     277     655  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Guarantees to banks for loans relate to loans to customers, which are given by external parties in the ordinary course of business of HEINEKEN. HEINEKEN provides guarantees to the banks to cover the risk related to these loans.

35. Related parties

Identification of related parties

HEINEKEN has a related party relationship with its associates and joint ventures (refer note 16), HEINEKEN Holding N.V., HEINEKEN pension funds (refer note 28), Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (FEMSA), employees (refer note 25) and with its key management personnel (Executive Board and the Supervisory Board). For our shareholder structure reference is made to the section ‘Shareholder Information’.

Key management remuneration

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010** 

Executive Board

   7.5     6.4  

Supervisory Board

   0.9     0.5  

Total

   8.4     6.9  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Executive Board

The remuneration of the members of the Executive Board comprises a fixed component and a variable component. The variable component is made up of a Short-Term Variable pay and a Long-Term Variable award. The Short-Term Variable pay is based on financial and operational measures and on individual leadership targets as set by the Supervisory Board. It will be subject to the approval of the General Meeting of Shareholders to be held on 19 April 2012. It is partly paid out in shares that are blocked over a period of five calendar years. After the 5 calendar years HEINEKEN will match the blocked shares 1:1 which we refer to as the matching share entitlement. For the Long-Term Variable award see note 29. The separate remuneration report is stated on page 60.

As at 31 December 2011, J.F.M.L. van Boxmeer held 25,369 Company shares and D.R. Hooft Graafland 14,818 (2010: J.F.M.L. van Boxmeer 9,244 and D.R. Hooft Graafland 6,544 shares). D.R. Hooft Graafland held 3,052 shares of HEINEKEN Holding N.V. as at 31 December 2011 (2010: 3,052 shares).

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Executive Board

   Fixed Salary   Short-Term
Variable Pay
   Matching Share
Entitlement**
   Long-Term
Variable award*
   Pension Plan   Total 

In thousands of EUR

  2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010** 

J.F.M.L. van Boxmeer

   1,050     950     1,764     1,306     882     653     669     595     590     464     4,955     3,968  

D.R. Hooft Graafland

   650     650     780     670     390     335     355     326     399     404     2,574     2,385  

Total

   1,700     1,600     2,544     1,976     1,272     988     1,024     921     989     868     7,529     6,353  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

*The remuneration reported as part of LTV is based on IFRS accounting policies and does not reflect the value of vested performance shares.
**Under agenda item 4c of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on 21 April 2011 it was proposed to amend the short-term incentive for the Executive Board. A matching share entitlement was introduced already per pay-out over 2010. In our 2011 financial statement this has been reflected in the 2010 remuneration as the matching entitlement relates to the 2010 performance.

The matching share entitlement for 2010 is based on 2010 performance and was granted upon adoption of the remuneration policy by the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. The matching share entitlement for 2011 is based on 2011 performance. The granted matching shares vest immediately and as such EUR2.3 million was recognised in the 2011 income statement, consisting of EUR1.0 million for 2010 and EUR1.3 million for 2011.

No vesting occurred under the 2008 – 2010 LTV of the Executive Board.

Supervisory Board

The individual members of the Supervisory Board received the following remuneration:

In thousands of EUR

  2011   2010 

C.J.A. van Lede

   160     67  

J.A. Fernández Carbajal**

   85     35  

M. Das

   85     52  

M.R. de Carvalho

   135     53  

J.M. Hessels

   75     50  

J.M. de Jong

   80     53  

A.M. Fentener van Vlissingen

   80     50  

M.E. Minnick

   70     48  

V.C.O.B.J. Navarre

   75     48  

J.G. Astaburuaga Sanjinés**

   75     35  

I.C. MacLaurin*

   —       15  

Total

   920     506  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

*Stepped down as at 22 April 2010.
**Appointed as at 30 April 2010.

On the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on 21 April 2011 it was proposed, under agenda item 5, to increase the remuneration of our Supervisory Board. The fees initially established on 1 January 2006 were updated as per 1 January 2011 to reflect the increased size and global footprint of HEINEKEN and also to align to the market practice in Europe (excl. UK). In 2010 Mr. C.J.A. van Lede and Mr. M.R. de Carvalho both received EUR45 thousand from HEINEKEN Holding N.V. for attending meetings of the board of Directors of HEINEKEN Holding N.V. in their position of member of the Preparatory Committee. As of 2011 this fee is included in the fees as stated above and paid by HEINEKEN N.V.

M.R. de Carvalho held 8 shares of HEINEKEN N.V. as at 31 December 2011 (2010: 8 shares). As at 31 December 2011 and 2010, the Supervisory Board members did not hold any of the Company’s bonds or option rights. C.J.A. van Lede held 2,656 and M.R. de Carvalho held 8 shares of HEINEKEN Holding N.V. as at 31 December 2011 (2010: C.J.A. van Lede 2,656 and M.R. de Carvalho 8 shares).

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Other related party transactions

   Transaction value   Balance outstanding
as at 31 December
 

In millions of EUR

  2011   2010   2011   2010 

Sale of products and services

        

To associates and joint ventures

   98     93     35     12  

To FEMSA

   572     298     77     78  
   670     391     112     90  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Raw materials, consumables and services

        

Goods for resale – joint ventures

   2     —       —       —    

Other expenses – joint ventures

   —       —       —       1  

Other expenses FEMSA

   128     54     13     —    
   130     54     13     1  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

HEINEKEN Holding N.V.

In 2011, an amount of EUR586,942 (2010: EUR7.4 million) was paid to HEINEKEN Holding N.V. for management services for the HEINEKEN Group, the decrease in comparison to 2010 was caused by the acquisition of FEMSA and related services performed by HEINEKEN Holding N.V. in 2010.

This payment is based on an agreement of 1977 as amended in 2001, providing that HEINEKEN N.V. reimburses HEINEKEN Holding N.V. for its costs. Best practice provision III.6.4 of the Dutch Corporate Governance Code of 10 December 2008 has been observed in this regard.

FEMSA

As consideration for HEINEKEN’S acquisition of the beer operations of Fomento Economico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (FEMSA). FEMSA, became a major shareholder of HEINEKEN N.V. Therefore, several existing contracts between FEMSA and former FEMSA-owned companies acquired by HEINEKEN have become related-party contracts. The total revenue amount related to these related-party relationships amounts to EUR572 million.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

36. HEINEKEN entities

Control of HEINEKEN

The shares and options of the Company are traded on Euronext Amsterdam, where the Company is included in the main AEX index. HEINEKEN Holding N.V. Amsterdam has an interest of 50.005 per cent in the issued capital of the Company. The financial statements of the Company are included in the consolidated financial statements of HEINEKEN Holding N.V.

A declaration of joint and several liability pursuant to the provisions of Section 403, Part 9, Book 2, of the Dutch Civil Code has been issued with respect to legal entities established in the Netherlands marked with a • below.

Significant subsidiaries

       Ownership interest 
   Country of incorporation   2011  2010 

• HEINEKEN Nederlands Beheer B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN Brouwerijen B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN CEE Investments B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN Nederland B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN International B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN Supply Chain B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Amstel Brouwerij B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Amstel Internationaal B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Vrumona B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Invebra Holland B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• B.V. Beleggingsmaatschappij Limba

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Brand Bierbrouwerij B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN CEE Holdings B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• Brasinvest B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

• HEINEKEN Beer Systems B.V.

   The Netherlands     100  100

Central Europe Beverages B.V.

   The Netherlands     72  72

HEINEKEN France S.A.S.

   France     100  100

HEINEKEN UK Ltd.

   United Kingdom     100  100

Sociedade Central de Cervejas et Bebidas S.A.

   Portugal     98.7  98.7

Oy Hartwell Ab.

   Finland     100  100

HEINEKEN España S.A.

   Spain     98.7  98.7

HEINEKEN Italia S.p.A.

   Italy     100  100

Athenian Brewery S.A.

   Greece     98.8  98.8

Brau Union AG

   Austria     100  100

Brau Union Österreich AG

   Austria     100  100

Grupa Zywiec S.A.

   Poland     61.9  61.9

HEINEKEN Ireland Ltd.1

   Ireland     100  100

HEINEKEN Hungária Sorgyárak Zrt.

   Hungary     100  100

HEINEKEN Slovensko a.s.

   Slovakia     100  100

HEINEKEN Switzerland AG

   Switzerland     100  100

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Significant subsidiaries continued

       Ownership interest 
   Country of incorporation   2011  2010 

Karlovacka Pivovara d.o.o.

   Croatia     100  100

Mouterij Albert N.V.

   Belgium     100  100

Ibecor S.A.

   Belgium     100  100

N.V. Brouwerijen Alken-Maes Brasseries S.A.

   Belgium     99.9  99.9

LLC HEINEKEN Breweries

   Russia     100  100

HEINEKEN USA Inc.

   United States     100  100
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

HEINEKEN Ceská republika a.s.

   Czech Republic     100  100

HEINEKEN Romania S.A.

   Romania     98.4  98.6

FCJSC HEINEKEN Breweries

   Belarus     100  100

OJSC, Rechitsapivo

   Belarus     96.2  95.4

Commonwealth Brewery Ltd.

   Bahamas     75  100

Windward & Leeward Brewery Ltd.

   St Lucia     72.7  72.7

Cervecerias Baru-Panama S.A.

   Panama     74.9  74.9

Nigerian Breweries Plc.

   Nigeria     54.1  54.1

Al Ahram Beverages Company S.A.E.

   Egypt     99.9  99.9

Brasserie Lorraine S.A.

   Martinique     100  100

Surinaamse Brouwerij N.V.

   Surinam     76.2  76.2

Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico     100  100

Fabricas Monterrey, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico     100  100

Silices de Veracruz, S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico     100  100

Cervejarias Kaiser Brazil S.A.

   Brazil     100  100

Consolidated Breweries Ltd.

   Nigeria     50.5  50.5

Brasserie Almaza S.A.L.

   Lebanon     67.0  67.0

Brasseries, Limonaderies et Malteries ‘Bralima’ S.A.R.L.

   D.R. Congo     95.0  95.0

Brasseries et Limonaderies du Rwanda ‘Bralirwa’ S.A.

   Rwanda     75.0  75.0

Brasseries et Limonaderies du Burundi ‘Brarudi’ S.A.

   Burundi     59.3  59.3

Brasseries de Bourbon S.A.

   Réunion     85.7  85.7

Sierra Leone Brewery Ltd.

   Sierra Leone     83.1  83.1

Tango s.a.r.l.

   Algeria     100  100

Société Nouvelle des Boissons Gazeuses S.A. (‘SNBG’)

   Tunisia     74.5  74.5

Société Nouvelle de Brasserie S.A. ‘Sonobra’

   Tunisia     49.9  49.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

1

In accordance with Article 17 of the Republic of Ireland Companies (Amendment) Act 1986, the Company issued an irrevocable guarantee for the year ended 31 December 2011 and 2010 regarding the liabilities of HEINEKEN Ireland Ltd., HEINEKEN Ireland Sales Ltd., West Cork Bottling Ltd., Western Beverages Ltd., Beamish and Crawford Ltd. and Nash Beverages Ltd as referred to in Article 5(l) of the Republic of Ireland Companies (Amendment) Act 1986.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

37. Subsequent events

Acquisition of business in Haiti

On 14 December 2011 HEINEKEN announced its intention to increase its shareholding in Brasserie Nationale d’Haiti S.A. (Brana), the country’s leading brewer from 22.5 per cent to 95 per cent. The transaction closed on 17 January 2012 and has been funded from existing resources.

Heineken N.V. financial statements Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued

Executive and Supervisory Board statement

The members of the Supervisory Board signed the financial statements in order to comply with their statutory obligation pursuant to Article 2:101 paragraph 2 Civil Code.

The members of the Executive Board signed the financial statements in order to comply with their statutory obligation pursuant to Article 2:101 paragraph 2 Civil Code and Article 5:25c paragraph 2 sub c Financial Markets Supervision Act.

Amsterdam, 14 February 2012

Executive Board

Supervisory Board
Van BoxmeerVan Lede
Hooft GraaflandFernández Carbajal
Das
de Carvalho
Hessels
De Jong
Fentener van Vlissingen
Minnick
Navarre
Astaburuaga Sanjinés

F-144