Fiscal years ended March 31,
		2009				2010				2011				2012				2013
		(in millions, except percentages)
Other financial data:
Average balances:
Interest-earning assets		¥	173,242,745			¥	175,370,688			¥	180,260,385			¥	184,179,147			¥	193,824,256
Interest-bearing liabilities			156,084,859				158,156,363				161,344,664				165,420,569				173,399,441
Total assets			196,214,390				195,571,703				204,781,984				211,835,389				225,682,785
Total equity			8,069,262				7,871,505				8,987,129				8,594,310				9,244,530
Return on equity and assets:
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders as a percentage of total average assets			(0.76	)%			0.43	%			0.21	%			0.19	%			0.47	%
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders as a percentage of total average equity			(18.48	)%			10.76	%			4.80	%			4.63	%			11.37	%
Dividends per common share as a percentage of basic earnings per common share			—	(4)			16.01	%			39.28	%			42.60	%			16.15	%
Total average equity as a percentage of total average assets			4.11	%			4.02	%			4.39	%			4.06	%			4.10	%
Net interest income as a percentage of total average interest-earning assets			1.33	%			1.13	%			1.04	%			1.06	%			0.97	%
Credit quality data:
Allowance for credit losses		¥	1,156,638			¥	1,315,615			¥	1,240,456			¥	1,285,507			¥	1,335,987
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans			1.15	%			1.43	%			1.42	%			1.39	%			1.36	%
Nonaccrual and restructured loans, and accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more		¥	1,792,597			¥	2,007,619			¥	2,064,477			¥	2,178,541			¥	2,322,504
Nonaccrual and restructured loans, and accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more as a percentage of loans			1.79	%			2.18	%			2.36	%			2.36	%			2.36	%
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonaccrual and restructured loans, and accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more			64.52	%			65.53	%			60.09	%			59.01	%			57.52	%
Net loan charge-offs		¥	576,852			¥	468,400			¥	342,100			¥	173,370			¥	112,862
Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average loans			0.58	%			0.49	%			0.39	%			0.20	%			0.12	%
Average interest rate spread			1.23	%			1.08	%			0.99	%			1.02	%			0.93	%
Risk-adjusted capital ratio calculated under Japanese GAAP(5)			11.77	%			14.87	%			14.89	%			14.91	%			16.68	%

Exchange Rate Information

The tables below set forth, for each period indicated, the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in Japanese yen as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, expressed in Japanese yen per US$U.S.$1.00. On August 6, 2010,July 5, 2013, the noon buying rate was ¥85.25¥100.94 to US$U.S.$1.00 and the inverse noon buying rate was US$1.17U.S.$0.99 to ¥100.00.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described in this section, which is intended to disclose all of the risks that we consider material based on the information currently available to us, as well as all the other information in this Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,” “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Credit, Market and Other Risk” and “Selected Statistical Data.”

Our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected by any of the factors discussed below. The trading price of our securities could decline due to any of these factors. This Annual Report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the risks faced by us described in this section and elsewhere in this Annual Report. See “Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to Our Business

Because a large portion of our assets are located in Japan and our business operations are conducted primarily in Japan, we may incur further losses if economic conditions in Japan worsen.

Our performance is particularly affected by the general economic conditions of Japan where we are headquartered and conduct a significant amount of our business. As of March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, 71.9%, 69.1% and 65.9% of our total assets were related to Japanese domestic assets, respectively, including Japanese national government and Japanese government agency bonds, which accounted for 77.5%, 81.1% and 80.4% of our total investment securities portfolio, and 22.6%, 23.0% and 21.6% of our total assets, respectively. Interest and non-interest income in Japan represented 67.1% of our total interest and non-interest income for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2013, our loans in Japan accounted for 70.4% of our total loans outstanding.

There is still significant uncertainty surrounding Japan’s economy. The Japanese economy slowed down in the quarter ended June 30, 2011 following the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 and again in the third quarter ended December 31, 2011 as overseas economies deteriorated and the Japanese yen appreciated against other major currencies. Since Shinzo Abe became Japan’s new prime minister in December 2012, the new government has put forth a series of new policies, including emergency economic measures and a supplementary budget, expanded monetary easing, and a growth strategy. If these policies prove ineffective, however, the growing financial burden of the Japanese government may adversely affect Japan’s economy. For example, if the prices of Japanese government bonds decrease, resulting in unexpectedly higher interest rates, our investment securities portfolio as well as our lending, borrowing, trading and other operations may be negatively impacted. In addition, under the legislation enacted by the Japanese Diet in August 2012, the consumption tax rate will increase from the current 5% to 8% in April 2014 and further to 10% by October 2015, which may significantly weaken consumer spending in Japan. Furthermore, the Japanese government’s energy policy, including financial assistance to electric utility companies and development of alternative sources of energy, may place significant additional budgetary constraints on Japan. In recent periods, several credit rating agencies have downgraded the credit ratings of Japan’s sovereign debt, including a downgrade by Moody’s Japan K.K., or Moody’s, in August 2011 and a downgrade by Fitch Ratings Japan Limited, or Fitch, in May 2012. For a more detailed discussion of the risks related to increases in interest rates, see “—Risks Related to Our Business—Increases in interest rates could adversely affect the value of our bond portfolio.”

Instability in the Japanese stock market and foreign currency exchange rates may also have a significant adverse impact on our asset and liability management as well as our results of operations. Various other factors, including stagnation or deterioration of economic and market conditions in other countries, and growing global competition, may also have a material negative impact on the Japanese economy. For a detailed discussion on the business environment in Japan and abroad, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Business Environment.”

Since our domestic loans in Japan accounted for a significant portion of our loan portfolio, deteriorating or stagnant economic conditions in Japan may cause adverse effects on our financial results, such as increases in credit costs, as the credit quality of some borrowers could deteriorate. For example, due to the intensifying global competition and weakening consumer spending in recent periods, some Japanese companies, including electronics manufacturers, have experienced significant financial difficulties. For a further discussion, see “—Risks Related to Our Business—We may suffer additional credit-related losses in the future if our borrowers are unable to repay their loans as expected or if the measures we take in reaction to, or in anticipation of, our borrowers’ deteriorating repayment abilities prove inappropriate or insufficient.”

If the global economy remains weak or deteriorates again,further, our credit-related losses may increase, and the value of the financial instruments we hold may decrease, resulting in losses.

We have been,Global economic conditions remain volatile, and may continue to be, affected by the weak global economy. Despite some signs of a slow recovery,it is uncertain how the global economy remains susceptible to developments in various economic and political areas. For example,will evolve over time. Especially, the recent sovereignfinancial turmoil caused by the credit crises in some European Union member statescountries has negatively impacted wider markets, including those of both emerging and developed countries. As of March 31, 2013, based principally on the political instabilities in some partsdomicile of the obligors, assets related to Europe accounted for approximately 10.1% of our total assets, assets related to Asia have raised serious concernsand Oceania excluding Japan accounted for approximately 6.9% of another global financial downturn.our total assets, and assets related to the United States accounted for approximately 13.3% of our total assets. If the current weakness in the global economy continuesdeteriorates or worsens,the global economic recovery significantly slows down again, the availability of credit may remain limited or become further limited, and some of our borrowers may default on their loan obligations to us, increasing our credit losses. In addition, concerns over the sovereign debt problem in some European countries may limit liquidity in the global financial markets. Some of our credit derivative transactions may also be negatively affected, including the protection we sold through single name credit default swaps, index and basket credit default swaps, and credit linked notes. The notional amounts of these protections sold as of March 31, 20102013 were ¥2.9¥2.64 trillion, ¥0.9¥0.62 trillion and ¥0.2¥0.01 trillion, respectively. In addition, if credit market conditions remain stagnant or worsen, our capital funding structure may need to be adjusted or our funding costs may increase, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Furthermore, we have incurred losses, and may incur further losses, as a result of changes in the fair value of our financial instruments resulting from deterioratingweakening market conditions. For example, declines in the fair value of our investment securities, particularly equity investment securities, resulted in our recording impairment losses of ¥1,543.8¥139.0 billion, ¥858.9¥195.7 billion and ¥117.5¥124.2 billion for each of the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2010.2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. As of March 31, 2010,2013, approximately 40%43.5% of our total assets were financial instruments for which we measure fair value on a recurring basis, and less than 1%0.5% of our total assets were financial instruments for which we measure fair value on a nonrecurringnon-recurring basis. Generally, in order to establish the fair value of these instruments, we rely on quoted market prices. If the value of these financial instruments declines, a corresponding write-down may be recognized in our consolidated statementstatements of operations.income. In addition, because we hold a large amount of investment securities, short-term fluctuations in the value of our securities may trigger losses or exit costs for us to manage our risk. For more information on our valuation method for financial instruments, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Estimates.”

We may suffer additional credit-related losses in the future if our borrowers are unable to repay their loans as expected or if the measures we take in reaction to, or in anticipation of, our borrowers’ deteriorating repayment abilities prove inappropriate or insufficient.

When we lend money or commit to lend money, we incur credit risk, or the risk of losses if our borrowers do not repay their loans. We may incur significant credit losses or have to provide for a significant amount of additional allowance for credit losses if:

As a percentage of total loans, nonaccrual and restructured loans and accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more ranged from 1.70%1.79% to 2.18%2.36% as of the five most recent fiscal year-ends. The percentage increased to 2.18%year-ends, reaching its highest level of 2.36% as of March 31, 2010 compared to the previous year-end mainly due to downgrades in the credit ratings of borrowers in the domestic manufacturing, communication and information services, wholesale and retail, services and other industry segments and the foreign governments and official institutions segment. In particular, as of March 31, 2010, our domestic loans accounted for 78.1% of our total loans outstanding, and the domestic portion of our nonaccrualthree most recent fiscal year ends. Nonaccrual and restructured loans and accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more accounted for 85.3% of the total ofincreased to ¥2.32 trillion at March 31, 2013, from ¥2.18 trillion at March 31, 2012, primarily due to an increase in such loans.loans in our domestic loan portfolio. If the recessioneconomic conditions in Japan worsens,worsen again, our problem loans and credit-related expenses may increase. An increase in problem loans and credit-related expenses would adversely affect our results of operations, weaken our financial condition and erode our capital base. For a discussion of our problem loans, see “Item 5.5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Condition” and “Selected Statistical Data—Loan Portfolio.”

We may provide additional loans, equity capital or other forms of support to troubled borrowers in order to facilitate their restructuring and revitalization efforts. We may also forbear from exercising some or all of our rights as a creditor against them, and we may forgive loans to them in conjunction with their debt restructuring.restructurings. We may take these steps even when such steps might not be warranted from the perspective of our short-term or narrow economic interests or a technical analysis of our legal rights against those borrowers, in light of other factors such as our longer-term economic interests, and our commitment to support the Japanese economy. These practices may substantially increase our exposure to troubled borrowers and increase our losses. Credit losses may also increase if we elect, or are forced by economic or other considerations, to sell or write off our problem loans at a larger discount, in a larger amount or in a different time or manner, than we may otherwise want.

Although we, from time to time, enter into credit derivative transactions, including credit default swap contracts, to manage our credit risk exposure, such transactions may not provide the protection against credit defaults that we intended due to counterparty defaults or otherwise.similar issues. The credit default swap contracts could also result in significant losses. As of March 31, 2010,2013, the total notional amount of the protection we sold

through single name credit default swaps, we soldindex and basket credit default swaps, and credit-linked notes was

¥3.8 ¥3.3 trillion. In addition, negative changes in financial market conditions may restrict the availability and liquidity of credit default swaps. For more information on our credit derivative transactions, see Note 2321 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Our loan losses could prove to be materially different from our estimates and could materially exceed our current allowance for credit losses, in which case we may need to provide for additional allowance for credit losses and may also record credit losses beyond our allowance. Our allowance for credit losses in our loan portfolio is based on evaluations about customers’ creditworthiness and the value of collateral we hold. Negative changes in economic conditions, government policies or our borrowers’ repayment abilities could require us to provide for additional allowance. For example, ascompanies in the Japanese electronics manufacturing industry in particular have experienced significant declines in sales and financial difficulties due to the weakening consumer spending in Japan and increased global competition. Moreover, the Japanese electric utility companies, including The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, have been significantly affected by the accidents at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants in March 2011 and subsequent developments, including higher fuel prices in recent periods. Other borrowers in Japan may be adversely affected due to the compensation issues for affected individuals and companies, electricity power supply shortages and electricity rate increases, and other indirect consequences of the Great East Japan Earthquake beyond our expectations. As a result, of the weakening of theour borrowers may incur financial condition of borrowers, especially in the manufacturing, wholesale and retail, and other industry segments, provisionnon-financial losses that exceed our estimations. In such case, we may need to provide for credit losses increased to ¥647.8 billion for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 from ¥626.9 billion for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2010, ouradditional allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans increased to 1.43% compared to 1.15% as of March 31, 2009, sincelosses. Also, the allowance for credit losses increased due to the credit quality deterioration of borrowers in those segments, whereas our total outstanding loans decreased. The regulatory standards or guidance on establishing allowances may also change, causing us to change some of the evaluations used in determining the allowances. As a result, we may need to provide for additional allowance for credit losses. For a discussion of our allowance policy, see “Item 5.5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Condition.”

If the Japanese stock market or other global markets decline in the future, we may incur losses on our securities portfolio and our capital ratios will be adversely affected.

A decline in Japanese stock prices could reduce the value of the Japanese domestic marketable equity securities that we hold, which accounted for 8.3%6.6% of our total investment securities portfolio, or 2.2%1.8% of our total assets, as of March 31, 2010, a decrease from 10.9% and an increase from 2.0% as of March 31, 2009, respectively.2013. The Nikkei Stock Average, which is anthe average of 225 blue chip stocks listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, declined from ¥11,244.40 at April 1, 2010fluctuated throughout the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, declining to ¥9,572.49 at August 9, 2010, mainly reflectingthe lowest price of ¥8,238.96 on June 4, 2012 and rising to the highest price of ¥12,650.26 on March 21, 2013. As of July 8, 2013, the closing price of the Nikkei Stock Average was ¥14,109.34. The recent fluctuations in the Nikkei Stock Average have reflected the volatility in the global economy and investor sentiment that remains cautiousas investors continue to observe the changes in lightthe economic and monetary policies mainly in Japan, the United States, Eurozone and the United Kingdom. For example, in Japan, if the economic measures under the Japanese government’s “Abe-nomics” policy and measures under the Bank of uncertainties surroundingJapan’s “quantitative and qualitative monetary easing” policy prove ineffective or result in adverse consequences, the global financial and capital markets.Japanese stock market will likely be adversely affected. In addition, weakening or stagnant economic conditions in other regions may have a significant negative impact on Japanese companies, which in turn will cause their stock prices to decline. If stock market prices further decline or do not improve, we may incur additional losses on our securities portfolio. Further declinesBecause we hold a large amount of Japanese domestic marketable equity securities, even short-term fluctuations in the value of our securities may trigger losses or exit costs for us to manage our risk. Declines in the Japanese stock market or other global markets may also materially and adversely affect our capital ratios and financial condition. For a detailed discussion of our holdings of marketable equity securities and the effect of market declines on our capital ratios, see “Item 5.5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Adequacy” and “Selected Statistical Data—Investment Portfolio.”

Because a large portionIncreases in interest rates could adversely affect the value of our assets are located in Japan and our business operations are conducted primarily in Japan, we may incur further losses if economic conditions in Japan worsen.bond portfolio.

Our performance is particularly affected by the general economic conditions of Japan where we are headquartered and conduct a significantThe aggregate carrying amount of our business. As of March 31, 2008, 2009the Japanese government and 2010, 71.8%, 73.9%corporate bonds and 74.5%foreign bonds, including U.S. Treasury bonds, that we hold has increased in recent fiscal years to 22.7% of our total assets were related to Japanese domestic assets, respectively, includingas of

March 31, 2013. In particular, the Japanese national government and Japanese government agency bonds which accounted for 45.2%, 69.8% and 75.8%21.6% of our total investment securities portfolio. Moreover, approximately three quartersassets as of March 31, 2013. For a detailed discussion of our total interest and non-interest income related to Japanese domestic income.bond portfolio, see “Selected Statistical Data—Investment Portfolio.”

DuringThe Bank of Japan has been maintaining a very low policy rate (uncollateralized overnight call rate) of 0.10% in an effort to lift the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, although there were early signseconomy out of a recovery of economic conditionsdeflation. Short-term interest rates in Japan continue to decline because of the Bank of Japan’s so-called “quantitative and qualitative monetary easing” policy. As part of this policy, the Bank of Japan has recently expanded its asset purchase program, which currently includes a plan to purchase up to approximately ¥7.5 trillion of Japanese national government bonds each month. The central bank’s policies, however, may change, resulting in an interest rate increase. Separate from the recent global recession that began incentral bank’s monetary policies, interest rates on the second half of 2008, a number of factors still remain that could thwart the recovery of, or lead to another downturn in the Japanese economy. For example, between April 15, 2010 and July 1, 2010, the Nikkei Stock Average declined from ¥11,273.79 to ¥9,191.60. In addition, Japan’s real gross domestic product decreased 2.0 percentage points in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, which was a continuing decrease for the second consecutive year. Japan’s consumer price index for March 2010 decreased 1.2 percentage points year-on-year, and Japan’s unemployment rate for March 2010 rose 0.2 percentage points year-on-year to 5.0%. Japan’s economic recovery may be further influenced by increased

uncertainties surrounding the Japanese political environment, particularly after the ruling Democratic Party lost control of the upper house of the Japanese Diet in the national elections in July 2010. Due to the high concentration of our investment portfolio in Japanese national government and Japanese government agency bonds significant interest rate fluctuations, and resulting pricecould also significantly increase if there is a disruption in the market for Japanese national government bonds caused by shifts in investor attitude, fluctuations in those securities,other comparable debt instruments or adverse changes in the perception of Japan’s sovereign risk. The yield on newly issued ten-year Japanese government bonds rose above 1% in May 2013 for the first time in a year. An increase in relevant interest rates, particularly if such increase is unexpected or sudden, may have a significant negative effect on the value of our bond portfolio. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Business Environment.”

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may result in transaction losses on translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies as well as foreign currency translation losses with respect to our foreign subsidiaries and equity method investees.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the Japanese yen create transaction gains or losses on the translation into Japanese yen of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. To the extent that our foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities are not matched in the same currency or appropriately hedged, we could incur losses due to future foreign exchange rate fluctuations. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, the average balance of our foreign interest-earning assets was ¥59.1 trillion and the average balance of our foreign interest-bearing liabilities was ¥37.4 trillion, representing 30.5% of our average total interest-earning assets and 21.6% of our average total interest-bearing liabilities during the same period. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, net foreign exchange losses, which primarily include transaction gains on the translation into Japanese yen of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and net losses on currency derivatives instruments entered into for trading purposes, were ¥39.0 billion, compared to net foreign exchange gains of ¥34.3 billion for the previous fiscal year. In addition, we may incur foreign currency translation losses with respect to our foreign subsidiaries and equity method investees due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The average exchange rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 was ¥83.10 per U.S.$1.00, compared to the average exchange rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 of ¥79.08 per U.S.$1.00. The change in the average exchange rate of the Japanese yen against the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies had the effect of increasing total revenue by ¥39.9 billion, increasing net interest income by ¥22.3 billion and income before income tax expense by ¥26.6 billion, respectively, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. Since the Abe administration’s inauguration in December 2012, the exchange rate between the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar has been fluctuating significantly with the Japanese yen depreciating from ¥84.76 to the U.S. dollar on December 26, 2012 to ¥103.74 to the U.S. dollar on May 22, 2013 and then appreciating to ¥93.79 to the U.S. dollar on June 13, 2013. For more information on foreign exchange gains and losses and foreign currency translation gains and losses, see “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Business Environment” and “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results.”

We may become subject to regulatory actions or other legal proceedings relating to our transactions or other aspects of our operations, which could result in significant financial losses, restrictions on our operations and damage to our reputation.

We conduct our business subject to ongoing regulation and associated regulatory and legal risks. Global financial institutions, including us, currently face heightened regulatory scrutiny as a result of the concerns

developing in the global financial sector, and growing public pressure to demand even greater regulatory surveillance following several high-profile scandals and risk management failures in the financial industry. In the current regulatory environment, multiple government authorities with overlapping jurisdiction more frequently conduct investigations and take other regulatory actions in coordination with one another or separately on the same or related matters.

The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., or BTMU conducted a self-initiated internal investigation in 2007 of transactions involving countries subject to U.S. sanctions and reported the results of the investigation to the Office of Foreign Assets Control, or OFAC, of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the New York State Department of Financial Services, or DFS, and other relevant regulators in 2008. After a series of deliberations and consultations with them, BTMU agreed to make a approximately $8.6 million payment to OFAC in December 2012 to settle potential civil liability for apparent violations of certain U.S. sanctions regulations from 2006 to 2007. In June 2013, BTMU entered into a consent agreement with DFS to resolve issues relating to certain U.S. dollar payments that were routed through New York from 2002 to 2007. Under the terms of the agreement with DFS, BTMU made a civil monetary payment of $250 million to DFS and will retain an independent consultant to conduct a compliance review of the relevant controls and related matters in BTMU’s current operations. BTMU continues to cooperate closely with all relevant regulators and is undertaking necessary actions.

We have received requests and subpoenas for information from government agencies in some jurisdictions that are conducting investigations into past submissions made by panel members, including us, to the bodies that set various interbank benchmark rates. We are cooperating with these investigations and have been conducting an internal investigation among other things. In connection with these matters, we and other panel members have been named as defendants in a number of civil lawsuits, including putative class actions, in the United States. In June 2013, BTMU was censured by the Monetary Authority of Singapore for deficiencies in its governance, risk management and internal controls for its involvement in benchmark submissions and was directed, among other things, to adopt measures to address these deficiencies.

These developments or other similar matters may result in additional regulatory actions against us or agreements to make significant additional settlement payments. These developments or other similar matters may also expose us to substantial monetary damages, legal defense costs, criminal and civil liability, and restrictions on our business operations as well as damage to our reputation. The outcome of such matters, including the extent of the potential impact of any unfavorable outcome on our financial results, however, is inherently uncertain and difficult to predict. The extent of financial, human and other resources required to conduct any investigations or to implement any corrective or preventive measures is similarly uncertain and could be significant.

Legal and regulatory changes could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As a global financial services provider, our business is subject to ongoing changes in laws, regulations, policies, voluntary codes of practice and interpretations in Japan and other markets where we operate. Major global financial institutions currently face an increasingly stricter set of laws, regulations and standards as a result of the concerns enveloping the global financial sector. There is also growing political pressure to demand even greater internal compliance and risk management systems following several high-profile scandals and risk management failures in the financial industry. We may not be able to enhance our compliance risk management systems and programs in a timely manner, and our risk management systems and programs may not be fully effective in preventing all violations of laws, regulations and rules.

Our failure or inability to comply fully with the stricter set of laws and regulations could lead to fines, public reprimands, damage to reputation, civil liability, enforced suspension of operations or, in extreme cases, withdrawal of authorization to operate, adversely affecting our business and results of operations. Legal or regulatory compliance failure may also adversely affect our ability to obtain regulatory approvals for future

strategic initiatives. Furthermore, failure to take necessary corrective action, or the discovery of violations of laws in the process of further review of any of the matters mentioned above or in the process of implementing any corrective measures, could result in further regulatory action.

We could also be required to incur significant expenses to comply with new or revised regulations. For example, if we adopt a new information system infrastructure in the future, we may be required to incur significant additional costs for establishing and implementing effective internal controls, which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Future developments or changes in laws, regulations, policies, voluntary codes of practice and their effects are expected to require greater capital ratios. In addition,resources and significant management attention, and may require us to modify our business strategies and plans. For example, since March 31, 2013, Japanese banking institutions with international operations have become subject to stricter capital adequacy requirements adopted by the economic conditionsFinancial Services Agency of Japan, an agency of the Cabinet Office, or the FSA, based in Japanpart on the international regulatory framework generally known as “Basel III.” For more information, see “—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not be able to maintain our capital ratios above minimum required levels, which could result in the suspension of some or all of our operations.” and “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation—Japan.”

Furthermore, regulatory reforms recently implemented, proposed and currently being debated in the United States may also significantly affect our business operations. For example, the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, or the Dodd-Frank Act, generally known as the “Volcker Rule” are affected bydesigned to restrict banking entities’ proprietary trading and private fund investment activities. The Volcker Rule is subject to final rule-making and interpretation, including with respect to the scope of its applicability to activities outside of the United States, and the impact of the rule on our business operations remains uncertain. The Volcker Rule and other reform measures may ultimately be implemented in a manner that requires us to materially alter our business model or incur significant costs or losses. The Proposed Rule on Enhanced Prudential Standards and Early Remediation Requirement for Foreign Banking Organizations and Foreign Non-Bank Financial Companies of the Federal Reserve Board, or the FRB, if finalized substantially in its current form, may also have a significant impact on the current structure of our U.S. operations as well as on the manner in which we oversee and manage those operations. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation—United States.”

Any adverse changes in the global economy,business of Union Bank, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary in the United States, could significantly affect our results of operations.

Union Bank, N.A., or Union Bank, is the primary subsidiary of UnionBanCal Corporation, or UNBC, which alsois an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary in the United States. Union Bank has historically contributed to a significant portion of our net income. UNBC reported net income of $573 million, $778 million and $629 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Any adverse developments which could arise at Union Bank may have a directsignificant negative impact on our foreign operations. If the economic conditions in Japan or globally remain stagnant or deteriorate, we may report losses on our Japanese national government and Japanese government agency bonds as well as Japanese equity securities. For a further discussion of our results of operations and financial condition. The risks relating to Union Bank have increased as Union Bank has been expanding its business through acquisitions of community banks and other financially-related businesses in the United States. If Union Bank is unable to achieve the benefits expected from its business strategies, including its business expansion strategy through acquisitions of community banks and other financially-related businesses, we may suffer an adverse financial impact. For more information on a geographic basis,UNBC’s recent acquisition transactions, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Geographic Segment Analysis.Recent Developments.” Deteriorating or stagnant

Other factors that have negatively affected, and could continue to negatively affect, Union Bank’s results of operations include adverse economic conditions, such as a downturn in the real estate and housing industries in California and other states within the United States, the fiscal challenges being experienced by the U.S. federal and California state governments, substantial competition in the banking markets in California and other states within the United States and uncertainty over the U.S. economy, as well as fluctuating oil prices, negative trends

in debt ratings, and interest rate uncertainties. Since the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009, the U.S. banking industry has operated in an extremely low interest rate environment as a result of the highly accommodative monetary policy of the FRB, which has placed downward pressure on the net interest margins of U.S. banks, including Union Bank. To the extent this policy continues, negative pressure on the net interest margins of U.S. banks, including Union Bank, can be expected.

Significant costs may arise from enterprise-wide compliance and risk management requirements, or failure to comply, with applicable laws and regulations, such as the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act and related amendments under the USA PATRIOT Act, and any adverse impact of the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act. In addition, the FRB and other U.S. bank regulators have proposed to implement the Basel III global regulatory framework for U.S. banks and bank holding companies which would require more and better sources of capital, as well as significantly revise the calculations for risk-weighted assets. The FRB has also proposed to implement various enhanced prudential standards required by the Dodd-Frank Act for larger U.S. bank holding companies, such as UNBC. These standards will require the larger bank holding companies to meet enhanced capital, liquidity and leverage standards. Further, the FRB has proposed regulations applicable to foreign banking organizations, or FBOs, operating in the United States, which would require MUFG’s and BTMU’s U.S. operations, including those at UNBC, to be restructured and, subject to certain exceptions, conducted under a single U.S. intermediate holding company, or IHC, with its own capital and liquidity requirements. Any actions management may take in response to these proposed regulatory changes may involve the issuance of additional capital or other measures. For more information, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation—United States.”

During 2012 and continuing into 2013, a number of major U.S. banking institutions have been the targets of cyberattacks that have, for limited periods, resulted in the disruption of various operations of the targeted banks. In addition, there have been increasing efforts to breach data security at financial institutions in the United States. Such attacks, even if not directed at Union Bank, could disrupt the overall functioning of the U.S. financial system and undermine consumer confidence in banks in the U.S. generally, to the detriment of other financial institutions, including Union Bank.

Our strategy to expand the range of our financial products and services and the geographic scope of our business globally may fail if we are unable to anticipate or manage new or expanded risks that entail such expansion.

We continue to seek opportunities to expand the range of our products and services beyond our traditional banking and trust businesses, through development and introduction of new products and services or through acquisitions of or investments in financial institutions with products and services that complement our business. For example, taking advantage of our financial holding company status which enables us to underwrite securities, we are currently seeking to expand our corporate banking operations in the United States. In addition, the sophistication of financial products and management systems has been growing significantly in recent years. As a result, we are exposed to new and increasingly complex risks, while market and regulatory expectations that we manage these risk properly continue to rise. Some of the activities that our subsidiaries are expected to engage in, such as derivatives and foreign currency trading, present substantial risks. In some cases, we have only limited experience with the risks related to the expanded range of these products and services. In addition, we may not be able to successfully develop or operate the necessary information systems. As a result, we may not be able to foresee the risks relating to new products and services. As we expand the geographic scope of our business, we will also be exposed to risks that are unique to particular jurisdictions or markets. For example, in an effort to further develop our operations in Asia, BTMU entered into a capital and business alliance with Vietnam Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Industry and Trade in December 2012. In addition, in July 2013, BTMU entered into a share tender agreement with GE Capital International Holdings Corporation, or GE Capital, as part of our plan to acquire through a tender offer up to 75% outstanding shares in Bank of Ayudhya Public Company Limited in Thailand, assuming that a group of existing major shareholders holding approximately 25% of the Thai bank’s total outstanding shares will not tender the shares they hold. Our risk management systems may prove to be inadequate and may not work in all cases or to the degree required. The substantial market, credit, compliance

and regulatory risks in relation to the expanding scope of our products, services and trading activities or expanding our business beyond our traditional markets, could result in us incurring substantial losses. In addition, our efforts to offer new services and products or penetrate new markets may not succeed if product or market opportunities develop more slowly than expected, if our new services or products are not well accepted among customers, or if the profitability of opportunities is undermined by competitive pressures. For a detailed discussion of our risk management systems, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Credit, Market and Other Risk.” For more information on our recent acquisition transactions, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.”

Unanticipated economic changes in, and measures taken in response to such changes by, emerging market countries could result in additional losses.

We are increasingly active, through a network of branches and subsidiaries, in emerging market countries, particularly countries in Asia, Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, and the Middle East. For example, based principally on the domicile of the obligors, assets related to Asia and Oceania excluding Japan increased 28.4% from ¥12.41 trillion as of March 31, 2012 to ¥15.94 trillion as of March 31, 2013, accounting for 6.9% of our total assets as of March 31, 2013. The economies of emerging market countries can be volatile and susceptible to adverse changes and trends in the global financial markets. For example, a decline in the value of local currencies of these countries could negatively affect the creditworthiness of some of our borrowers in these countries. The loans we have made to borrowers and banks in these countries are often denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro or other foreign currencies. These borrowers often do not hedge the loans to protect against fluctuations in the values of local currencies. A devaluation of the local currency would make it more difficult for a borrower earning income in that currency to pay its debts to us and other foreign lenders. In addition, some countries in which we operate may attempt to support the value of their currencies by raising domestic interest rates. If this happens, the borrowers in these countries would have to devote more of their resources to repaying their domestic obligations, which may adversely affect their ability to repay their debts to us and other foreign lenders. The limited credit availability resulting from these conditions may adversely affect economic conditions in some countries. This could cause a further deterioration of the credit quality of borrowers and banks in those countries and cause us to incur further losses. In addition, should there be excessively rapid economic growth and increasing inflationary pressure in some of the emerging market countries, such developments could adversely affect the wider regional and global economies. Some emerging market countries may also resultchange their monetary or other economic policies in a decrease in the volume in financial transactions in general,response to economic and political instabilities or pressures, which in turn may reduce our income from fees and commissions. For example, our income from fees and commission decreasedare difficult to ¥1,139.5 billion for the fiscal year endedpredict. As of March 31, 2010 from ¥1,188.5 billion for2013, based on the previous fiscal year mainly due to lower transaction volume.domicile of the obligors, our assets in Europe, Asia and Oceania excluding Japan, and other areas excluding Japan and the United States, were ¥23.22 trillion, ¥15.94 trillion and ¥8.67 trillion, representing 10.1%, 6.9% and 3.8% of our total assets, respectively. See “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Condition.”

If our strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley fails, we could suffer financial or reputational loss.

In an effort to better cope with the rapidly changing global business and regulatory environment, weWe have recently entered into and plan to continue to seek opportunities for, arrangements to strengthen oura global strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley. In May 2010,Stanley, under which we and Morgan Stanley createdoperate two joint venture securities companies in Japan, Mitsubishi UFJengage in joint corporate finance operations in the United States and pursue other cooperative opportunities. We hold approximately 22.0% of the voting rights in Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd.,as of March 31, 2013 and continue to hold approximately $521.4 million, or MUMSS, and¥ 53.6 billion, of perpetual non-cumulative non-convertible preferred stock with a 10% dividend. In addition, we currently have two representatives on Morgan Stanley’s board of directors.

We initially entered into this strategic alliance in October 2008 with a view towards long-term cooperation with Morgan Stanley, MUFG Securities Co., Ltd.,and currently plan to deepen the strategic alliance. However, due to any unexpected changes in social, economic or MSMS. We andfinancial conditions, changes in the regulatory environment, or any failure to integrate or share staff, products or services, or to operate, manage or implement the business strategy of the securities joint venture companies or other cooperative opportunities as planned, we may be unable to achieve the expected synergies from this alliance.

If our strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley integratedis terminated, it could have a material negative impact on our respectivebusiness strategy, financial condition, and results of operations. For example, because we conduct our securities subsidiariesoperations in Japan Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd., or MUS, and Morgan Stanley Japan Securities Co., Ltd., to establish the two joint venture companies. We hold a 60% economic interest in each of MUMSS and MSMS through Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd., or MUSHD, an intermediate holding company, and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 40% economic interest in each of MUMSS and MSMS. We hold a 60% voting interest through MUSHD and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 40% voting interest in MUMSS, while we hold a 49% voting interest through MUSHD and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 51% voting interest in MSMS. Because MUS’s business represented our core securities business in Japan prior to the formation of the joint venture companies and because the joint venture companies will be the primary channel through whichwe have with Morgan Stanley, such termination may result in our retail and wholesale securities business will be conducted, the failure of the joint venture companies to achieve their intended goals due to unanticipated difficulties in integrating their IT or internal control systems or personnel, or the inability to cross-sell products and services as expected, could negatively affect our retail and wholesale securitiesattain the planned growth in this line of business.

In addition, we hold an approximately 20% interest (on a fully diluted basis) in Morgan Stanley. Withwith our current interestinvestment in Morgan Stanley, we cannothave neither a controlling interest in, nor control itsover the business operations and assets or make major decisions without the consent of other shareholders. Thus,Morgan Stanley. If Morgan Stanley may make a decisionmakes any business decisions that isare inconsistent with our interests. Althoughinterests, we may be unable to achieve the goals initially set out for the strategic alliance. Furthermore, although we do not control Morgan Stanley, given the magnitude of our investment, that we have made, if Morgan Stanley encounters financial or other business difficulties due to adverse changes in the economy, regulatory environment or other factors, we may suffer a financial loss on our investment or damage to our reputation.

For a more detailed discussionexample, we recorded an impairment loss of ¥579.5 billion on our joint ventures with, and investment in Morgan Stanley’s common stock for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, Morgan Stanley see “Item 4.B. Informationbecame an equity-method affiliate in our consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, Morgan Stanley’s performance has a more significant impact on our results of operations as a result of equity method accounting. Further, fluctuations in Morgan Stanley’s stock price or in our equity ownership interest in Morgan Stanley may cause us to recognize additional losses on our investment in Morgan Stanley.

We may incur further losses as a result of financial difficulties relating to other financial institutions, both directly and through the effect they may have on the Company—Business Overview”overall banking environment and “Item 5. Operatingon their borrowers.

Some domestic and foreign financial institutions, including banks, non-bank lending and credit institutions, securities companies and insurance companies, have experienced declining asset quality, capital adequacy and other financial problems. This may lead to severe liquidity and solvency problems, which have in the past resulted in the liquidation, government control or restructuring of affected institutions. In addition, allegations or governmental prosecution of improper trading activities or inappropriate business conduct of a specific financial institution could also negatively affect the public perception of other global financial institutions individually and the global financial industry as a whole. These developments may adversely affect our financial results.

Financial Reviewdifficulties relating to financial institutions could adversely affect us because we have extended loans, some of which may need to be classified as nonaccrual and Prospects—Recent Developments.”restructured loans, to banks, securities companies, insurance companies and other financial institutions that are not our consolidated subsidiaries. Our loans to banks and other financial institutions have been more than 5% of our total loans as of each year-end in the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2013, with the percentage increasing from 10.2% to 11.0% between March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2013. We may also be adversely affected because we are a shareholder of some other banks and financial institutions that are not our consolidated subsidiaries, including our shareholdings in Japanese regional banks and our 22.0% voting interest in Morgan Stanley as of March 31, 2013. If some of the financial institutions to which we have exposure experience financial difficulties, we may need to provide financial support to them even when such support might not be warranted from the perspective of our narrow economic interests because such institutions may be systematically important to the Japanese or global financial system.

We may also be adversely affected because we enter into transactions, such as derivative transactions, in the ordinary course of business, with other banks and financial institutions as counterparties. For example, we enter into credit derivatives with banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions for managing credit risk exposures, for facilitating client transactions, and for proprietary trading purposes. The notional amount of the protection we sold through these instruments was ¥3.3 trillion as of March 31, 2013.

In addition, financial difficulties relating to financial institutions could indirectly have an adverse effect on us because:

Because of our loans to consumers and our shareholdings in companies engaged in consumer lending, changes in the business or regulatory environment for consumer finance companies in Japan may further adversely affect our financial results.

We have a large loan portfolio in the consumer lending industry as well as large shareholdings in subsidiaries and equity method investees in the consumer finance industry. Our domestic loans to consumers amount to approximately one-fifthone-sixth of our total outstanding loans.

The Japanese governmentMitsubishi UFJ NICOS’s consumer loan portfolio has been implementingadversely affected by a series of regulatory reforms affectingrecently implemented in Japan, which has affected the consumer lending industry in recent years. In December 2006, the Diet passed legislation to reform the regulations relating to the consumer lending business, including amendments to the Law Concerning Acceptance of Investment, Cash Deposit and Interest Rate, etc., which, effective June 18, 2010, reduced the maximum permissible interest rate from 29.2% per annum to 20% per annum. The regulatory reforms also included amendments to the Law Concerning Lending Business, which, effective June 18, 2010, abolished the so-called “gray-zone interest.” Gray-zone interest refers to interest rates exceeding the limits stipulated by the Interest Rate Restriction Law (between 15% per annum to 20% per annum depending on the amount of principal). Prior to June 18, 2010, gray-zone interest was permitted under certain conditions set forth in the Law Concerning Lending Business. As a result of the regulatory reforms, all interest rates are now subject to the lower limits imposed by the Interest Rate Restriction Law, compelling lending institutions, including our consumer finance subsidiaries and equity method investees, to lower the interest rates they charge borrowers. The new regulations that became effective on June 18, 2010 may also have had a further negative impact on the business of consumer finance companies as thoseone of the new regulations require,requires, among other things, consumer finance companies to reviewlimit their lending to a single customer to a maximum of one third of the customer’s annual income regardless of the customer’s repayment capability, of borrowers before making loans to individual borrowers, thereby limiting the amount of borrowing available to those borrowers.significantly affecting consumer financing companies.

The regulations and regulatory reforms affecting the consumer finance business were one of the main factors that contributed to the decrease in interest income attributable to our consumer finance business. Our interest income attributable to the consumer finance business was approximately ¥190 billion and ¥160 billion for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009 and 2010, respectively. However, following the regulatory changes in June 2010, our interest income attributable to the consumer finance business decreased to approximately ¥130 billion, ¥120 billion and ¥100 billion for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.

In addition, as a result of decisions by the Supreme Court of Japan prior to June 18, 2010 imposing stringent requirements under the Law Concerning Lending Business for charging gray-zone interest rates, consumer finance companies have experienced a significant increase in borrowers’ claims for reimbursement of previously collected interest payments in excess of the limits stipulated by the Interest Rate Restriction Law.

Following the various legal developments in June 2010 and other industry developments, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS revised its estimate by updating management’s future forecast to reflect new reimbursement claims information and other data. As of March 31, 20092011, 2012 and 2010,2013, we had ¥77¥136.9 billion, ¥99.4 billion and ¥84¥77.6 billion of allowance for repayment of excess interest, respectively. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009 and 2010, we recorded provisions for repayment of excess interest of ¥47.9 billion and ¥44.8 billion, respectively. For the same periods, one of our equity method investees engaged in consumer lending, ACOM CO., LTD., had a negative impact of ¥15.8¥96.4 billion, ¥19.3 billion and ¥23.1¥17.0 billion, respectively, on equityEquity in losses of equity method investeesinvestees—net in our consolidated statementstatements of operations.income. We intend to carefully monitor future developments and trends.

These developments have adversely affected, and these and any future developments may further adversely affect, the operations and financial condition of our subsidiaries, equity method investees and borrowers which are engaged in consumer lending, which in turn may affect the value of our related shareholdings and loan portfolio. In particular, to further strengthen our consumer finance business as a core business of our group, in August 2008, we increased our interest in our consolidated subsidiary, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd., and separately, in October 2008, increased our interest in an equity method investee, ACOM CO., LTD. As a result of these investments, any negative developments in the consumer finance industry may have a greater impact on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Increases in interest rates could adversely affect the value of our bond portfolio.

The aggregate estimated fair value of the Japanese government and corporate bonds and foreign bonds, including US Treasury bonds, that we hold has increased in recent fiscal years to 22.9% of our total assets as of March 31, 2010. In particular, the Japanese government and Japanese government agency bonds accounted for 20.2% of our total assets as of March 31, 2010. For a detailed discussion of our bond portfolio, see “Selected Statistical Data—Investment Portfolio.”

The Bank of Japan has been maintaining a very low policy rate (uncollateralized overnight call rate) of 0.10% in an effort to lift the economy out of deflation. Short-term interest rates continue to decline because of the Bank of Japan’s so-called “monetary easing policy.” Interest rates in other major global financial markets, including the United States and the European Union, have remained at historic low levels in recent years. An increase in relevant interest rates, particularly if such increase is unexpected or sudden, may have a significant negative effect on the value of our bond portfolio. See “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Business Environment.”

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may result in transaction losses on translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies as well as foreign currency translation losses with respect to our foreign subsidiaries and equity method investees.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the Japanese yen create transaction gains or losses on the translation into Japanese yen of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. To the extent that our foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities are not matched in the same currency or appropriately hedged, we could incur losses due to future foreign exchange rate fluctuations. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, the average balance of our foreign interest-bearing assets was ¥47.6 trillion and the average balance of our foreign interest-bearing liabilities was ¥33.7 trillion, representing 27.1% of our average total interest-earning assets and 21.3% of our average total interest-bearing liabilities during the same period. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010, net foreign exchange gains, which primarily include transaction gains on the translation into Japanese yen of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and net gains on currency derivatives instruments entered into for trading purposes, were ¥216.7 billion, compared to net foreign exchange losses of ¥206.2 billion for the previous fiscal year. In addition, we may incur foreign currency translation losses with respect to our foreign subsidiaries and equity method investees due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The average exchange rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 was ¥92.85 per US$1.00, compared to the average exchange rate for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 of ¥100.54 per US$1.00. The average exchange rate for the conversion of the US dollar financial statements of some of our foreign subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 was ¥93.57 per US$1.00, compared to the average exchange rate for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 of ¥103.46 per US$1.00. The change in the average exchange rate of the Japanese yen against the US dollar and other foreign currencies had the effect of decreasing total revenue by ¥181.3 billion, net interest income by ¥67.0 billion and income from continuing operations before income tax expense by ¥78.3 billion, respectively, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. For more information on foreign exchange gains and losses and foreign currency translation gains and losses, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Results of Operations.”

Any adverse changes in the business of Union Bank, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary in the United States, could significantly affect our results of operations.

Union Bank, N.A., or Union Bank, is the primary subsidiary of UnionBanCal Corporation, or UNBC, which is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary. Union Bank has historically contributed to a significant portion of our net income. UNBC reported net income of $608.1 million and $269.9 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and a net loss of $65.0 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009. Compared to fiscal years prior to the fiscal year ended March 2009, any adverse developments which could arise at Union Bank will have a greater negative impact on our results of operation and financial condition, because Union Bank became, through UNBC, our wholly owned subsidiary in November 2008 compared with approximately 64% ownership in prior years. Moreover, the risks relating to Union Bank have increased as Union Bank has been expanding its business through acquisitions of community banks. In April 2010, Union Bank acquired approximately $600 million in total assets and assumed more than $400 million in deposits of Tamalpais Bank, a California-based bank, and acquired approximately $3.2 billion in total assets and assumed approximately $2.5 billion in deposits of Frontier Bank, a Washington-based bank, pursuant to its respective purchase and assumption agreements with the US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. If Union Bank is unable to achieve the benefits expected from its business strategies, including its business expansion strategy through acquisitions of failing community banks, we will suffer an adverse financial impact. Other factors that have negatively affected, and could continue to negatively affect, Union Bank’s results include adverse economic conditions in California, including the downturn in the real estate and housing industries in California, substantial competition in the California banking market, uncertainty over the US economy, the threat of terrorist attacks, fluctuating oil prices, rising interest rates, negative trends in debt ratings, and additional costs which may arise from enterprise-wide compliance, or failure to comply, with applicable laws and regulations, such as the US Bank Secrecy Act and related amendments under the USA PATRIOT Act.

We may incur further losses as a result of financial difficulties relating to other financial institutions, both directly and through the effect they may have on the overall banking environment and on their borrowers.

Some domestic and foreign financial institutions, including banks, non-bank lending and credit institutions, securities companies and insurance companies, have experienced declining asset quality and capital adequacy and other financial problems. This may lead to severe liquidity and solvency problems, which have in the past resulted in the liquidation, government control or restructuring of affected institutions. Many banks, securities companies, insurance companies and other financial institutions, especially US and European institutions, continue to face significant pressure due to declining asset quality as a result of the continuing weakness of the global financial markets and due to legislative and regulatory developments affecting them. Allegations or governmental prosecution of improper trading activities or inappropriate business conduct of a specific financial institution could also negatively affect the public perception of other global financial institutions individually and the global financial industry as a whole. These developments may continue to adversely affect our financial results.

Financial difficulties relating to financial institutions could adversely affect us because we have extended loans, some of which may need to be classified as nonaccrual and restructured loans, to banks, securities companies, insurance companies and other financial institutions that are not our consolidated subsidiaries. Our loans to banks and other financial institutions have been more than 5% of our total loans as of each year-end in the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2010, with the percentage increasing from 7.5% to 7.7% between March 31, 2009 and 2010. We may also be adversely affected because we are a shareholder of some other banks and financial institutions that are not our consolidated subsidiaries, including Japanese regional banks as part of our general equity investment securities portfolio. In addition, we held an approximately 20% interest in Morgan Stanley on a fully diluted basis as of March 31, 2010. We may also be adversely affected because we enter into transactions, such as derivative transactions, in the ordinary course of business, with other banks and financial institutions as counterparties. For example, we enter into credit derivatives with banks, broker-dealers, insurance and other financial institutions for managing credit risk exposures, for facilitating client transactions, and for proprietary trading purpose. The notional amount of the protection we sold through these instruments was ¥4.1 trillion as of March 31, 2010.

In addition, financial difficulties relating to financial institutions could indirectly have an adverse effect on us because:

Our strategy to expand the range of our financial products and services and the geographic scope of our business globally may fail if we are unable to anticipate or manage new or expanded risks that entail such expansion.

We continue to seek opportunities to expand the range of our products and services beyond our traditional banking and trust businesses, through development and introduction of new products and services or through acquisitions of or investments in financial institutions with products and services that complement our business. For

example, taking advantage of our financial holding company status which enables us to underwrite securities, we are currently seeking to expand our corporate banking operations in the United States. In addition, the sophistication of financial products and management systems has been growing significantly in recent years. As a result, we are exposed to new and increasingly complex risks. Some of the activities that our subsidiaries are expected to engage in, such as derivatives and foreign currency trading, present substantial risks. In some cases, we have only limited experience with the risks related to the expanded range of these products and services. In addition, we may not be able to successfully develop or operate the necessary information systems. As a result, we may not be able to foresee the risks relating to new products and services. As we expand the geographic scope of our business, we will also be exposed to risks that are unique to particular jurisdictions or markets. Our risk management systems may prove to be inadequate and may not work in all cases or to the degree required. The substantial market, credit, compliance and regulatory risks in relation to the expanding scope of our products, services and trading activities or expanding our business beyond our traditional markets, could result in us incurring substantial losses. In addition, our efforts to offer new services and products or penetrate new markets may not succeed if product or market opportunities develop more slowly than expected, if our new services or products are not well accepted among customers, or if the profitability of opportunities is undermined by competitive pressures. For a detailed discussion of our risk management systems, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Credit, Market and Other Risk.”

Unanticipated economic changes in, and measures taken in response to such changes by, emerging market countries could result in additional losses.

We are increasingly active, through a network of branches and subsidiaries, in emerging market countries, particularly countries in Asia, Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, and the Middle East, whose economies can be volatile and susceptible to adverse changes and trends in the global financial markets. For example, a decline in the value of local currencies of these countries could negatively affect the creditworthiness of some of our borrowers in these countries. The loans we have made to borrowers and banks in these countries are often denominated in US dollars, Euro or other foreign currencies. These borrowers often do not hedge the loans to protect against fluctuations in the values of local currencies. A devaluation of the local currency would make it more difficult for a borrower earning income in that currency to pay its debts to us and other foreign lenders. In addition, some countries in which we operate may attempt to support the value of their currencies by raising domestic interest rates. If this happens, the borrowers in these countries would have to devote more of their resources to repaying their domestic obligations, which may adversely affect their ability to repay their debts to us and other foreign lenders. The limited credit availability resulting from these conditions may adversely affect economic conditions in some countries. This could cause a further deterioration of the credit quality of borrowers and banks in those countries and cause us to incur further losses. Some emerging market countries may also change their monetary or other economic policies in response to political instabilities or pressures, which are difficult to predict. As of March 31, 2010, based on the domicile of obligors, our assets in Europe, Asia and Oceania (excluding Japan), and other areas (excluding Japan and the United States) were ¥15.8 trillion, ¥8.4 trillion and ¥5.2 trillion, representing 7.9%, 4.2% and 2.6% of our total assets. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Condition.”

Our business may be adversely affected by competitive pressures, which have partly increased due to regulatory changes and recent market changes in the financial industry domestically and globally.

In recent years, the Japanese financial system has been undergoing significant changes and regulatory barriers to competition have been reduced. In particular, any further reform of the Japanese postal savings system, under which the Japan Post Group companies, including Japan Post Bank Co., Ltd., were established in October 2007, could substantially increase competition within the financial services industry as Japan Post Bank, with the largest deposit base and branch network in Japan, may begin to offer financial services in competition with our business operations generating fee income. In May 2012, amendments to the postal privatization law became effective under which Japan Post Bank and Japan Post Insurance may enter into new businesses upon obtaining government approvals, and if the government’s equity holdings decrease to a certain level, the two companies will be allowed to enter into new businesses upon submission of a notice to the government. As a result, the Japan Post Group companies may seek to enter into new financial businesses. The privatization of the Japan Post Group companies remains subject to political negotiations and government action. In addition, there has been significant consolidation and convergence among financial institutions domestically and globally, and this trend may continue in the future and further increase competition in the market. A number of large commercial banks and other broad-based financial

services firms have merged or formed strategic alliances with, or have acquired, other financial institutions both in Japan and overseas. As a result of the strategic alliance and the joint venture companies that we formed with Morgan Stanley, we may be newly perceived as a competitor by some of the financial institutions with which we had a more cooperative relationship in the past. If we are unable to compete effectively in this more competitive and deregulated business environment, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected. For a more detailed discussion of our competition in Japan, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Competition—Japan.”

Future changes in accounting standards and regulatory requirements could have a negative impact on our business and results of operations.

Future developments or changes in laws, regulations, policies,accounting standards voluntary codes of practice and their effects are unpredictable and beyond our control. For example, Japanese and other international organizations that set accounting standards have released proposals to revise accounting standards applicable to retirement benefit obligations. For example, the Accounting Standards Board of Japan has published proposals that, if adopted, would require companies preparing their financial statements in accordance with Japanese GAAP to record as liabilities on balance sheets actuarial losses and unrecognized past service cost, which are currently not recorded as liabilities on balance sheets. The proposed changes, if adopted, could have a significant negative impact on our capital ratios since we calculate our capital ratios in accordance with Japanese banking regulations based on information derived from our financial statements prepared in accordance with Japanese GAAP. For more information, see “—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not be able to maintain our capital ratios above minimum required levels, which could result in the suspension of some or all of our operations.”

In addition, in response to the recent instabilities in global financial markets, several international organizations which set accounting standards have released proposals to revise standards on accounting for financial instruments. Accounting standards applicable to financial instruments remain subject to debate and revision by international organizations which set accounting standards. If the current accounting standards change in the future, the reported values of some of our financial instruments may need to be modified, and such modification could have a significant impact on our financial results or financial condition. For more information, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Estimates.”

We could also be required to incur significant expenses to comply with new accounting standards and regulations. For example, if we adopt a new accounting system in the future, we may be required to incur significant additional costs for establishing and implementing effective internal controls, which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, additional regulatory requirements could have an adverse impact on our future business and results of operations. For example, new regulations relating to the consumer lending business which became effective in June 2010 impose, among other things, stricter requirements for consumer finance companies in Japan to review the repayment capabilities of borrowers before lending, thereby limiting the amount of borrowing available to individual borrowers, which in turn may negatively affect our profitability. For more information on regulatory changes in the consumer finance industry,see “—Risks Related to Our Business—Because of our loans to consumers and our shareholdings in companies engaged in consumer lending, changes in the business or regulatory environment for consumer finance companies in Japan may further adversely affect our financial results.”

Transactions with counterparties in countries designated by the USU.S. Department of State as state sponsors of terrorism may lead some potential customers and investors in the United States and other countries to avoid doing business with us or investing in our shares.

We, through our banking subsidiaries, engage in operationsbusiness activities with entities in or affiliated with Iran, and Syria, including transactions with entitiescounterparties owned or controlled by the Iranian or Syrian governments,government, and theour banking

subsidiary has a representative office in Iran. The USU.S. Department of State has designated Iran Syria and other countries as “state sponsors of terrorism,” and USU.S. law generally prohibits USU.S. persons from doing business with such countries. OurWe currently have business activities with entities in or affiliated with such countries in accordance with our policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with regulations applicable in the jurisdictions in which we operate.

We have loan transactions with counterparties in or affiliated with Iran, Syria and other countries designated as state sponsorsthe outstanding balance of terrorism are conducted in compliance in all material respects with both applicable Japanese and US regulations.

Our operations with entities in Iran consist primarily of loans for petroleum projects and trade financing for general commercial purposes, as well as letters of credit and foreign exchange services. Our operations relating to Syria are primarily foreign exchange services. We do not believe our operations relating to Iran and Syria are material to our business or financial condition. As of March 31, 2010, the loans outstanding to borrowers in or affiliated with Iran werewhich was approximately $48.0$4.7 million, which representedrepresenting less than 0.01%0.001% of our total assets, and we didas of March 31, 2013. We do not have any loans outstanding to the financial institutions specifically listed by the USU.S. government. We did not have any loans outstandingIn addition to such loan transactions, our other transactions with entitiescounterparties in or affiliated with Syria, including the financial institutions specifically listed by the US government. In addition, we receivecountries designated as state sponsors of terrorism consist of receiving deposits or holdholding assets on behalf of several individuals residentresiding in Japan who are citizens of countries designated as state sponsors of terrorism.terrorism, processing payments to or from entities in or affiliated with these countries on behalf of our customers, and issuing letters of credit and guarantees in connection with transactions with entities in or affiliated with such countries by our customers. These transactions do not have a material impact on our business or financial condition. For a further discussion of transactions required to be disclosed under the U.S. Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation—United States—Disclosure under Section 13(r) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934.”

We are aware of initiatives by USU.S. governmental entities and USnon-government entities, including institutional investors such as pension funds, to adopt or consider adopting laws, regulations or policies prohibiting transactions with or investment in, or requiring divestment from, entities doing business with Iran Syria and other countries identified as state sponsors of terrorism. It is also possible that such initiatives may result in our being unable to gain or retain entities subject to such prohibitions as customers, counter-parties or as investors in our shares. In addition, depending on socio-political developments, our reputation may suffer due to our associationtransactions with counterparties in or affiliated with these countries. The above circumstances could have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition.The UScondition.

Global financial institutions, including us, have become subject to an increasingly complex set of sanctions laws and regulations in recent years, and this regulatory environment is expected to continue. Moreover, the measures proposed or adopted vary across the major jurisdictions, increasing the cost and resources necessary to design and implement an appropriate global compliance program. The U.S. federal government has recentlyand some state governments in the United States have enacted new legislation designed to limit economic and financial transactions with Iran. This orIran by limiting the ability of financial institutions that may have engaged in any similar legislative developments initiated byone of a broad range of activities related to Iran to conduct various transactions in the USrelevant jurisdictions. The U.S. federal government may further restrict our business operations,recently strengthened the Iran-related regulations with the enactment in August 2012 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act, which, among other things, imposes additional disclosure requirements. The Japanese government has also implemented a series of measures under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act, such as freezing the assets of designated financial institutions and others that could contribute to Iran’s nuclear activities, and our failure to comply may result inmost recently modified policies and procedures take into account the current Japanese regulatory requirements. There remains a risk of potential U.S. regulatory action against us.us, however, if U.S. regulators perceive the modified policies and procedures not to be in compliance with applicable regulations.

We may not be able to maintain our capital ratios above minimum required levels, which could result in the suspension of some or all of our operations.

We, as a holding company, and our Japanese banking subsidiaries are required to maintain risk-weighted capital ratios above the levels specified in the capital adequacy guidelines of the Financial Services Agency of Japan.Japan, which have been revised as of March 31, 2013, as described below. As of March 31, 2010,2013, our total risk-adjusted capital ratio was 14.87%16.68% compared to the minimum risk-adjusted capital ratio required of 8.00%, and our Tier I1 capital ratio was 10.63%12.74% compared to the minimum Tier I1 capital ratio required of 4.00%4.50%, and our Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio was 11.70% compared to the minimum Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio required of 3.50%. Our capital ratios are calculated in accordance with Japanese banking regulations based on information derived from our financial statements prepared in accordance with Japanese GAAP. In addition, some of our subsidiaries are also subject to the capital adequacy rules of various foreign countries, including the United States where each of MUFG, BTMU, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation, or MUTB, and UNBC is a financial holding company under the USU.S. Bank Holding Company Act. We or our banking subsidiaries may be unable to continue to satisfy the capital adequacy requirements because of:

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adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates; or

The Group of Central Bank Governors and Heads of Supervision has made a series of announcements regarding the new global regulatory framework, which has been referred to as “Basel III,” to strengthen the regulation, supervision and risk management of the banking sector. Various Basel III measures are being phased in from the calendar year 2013, including those designed to raise the level of minimum capital requirements and to establish an internationally harmonized leverage ratio and a global minimum liquidity standard. In December 2009,addition, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision released proposals designedhas proposed additional loss absorbency requirements to strengthensupplement the Common Equity Tier 1 capital requirement ranging from 1% to 3.5% for global capitalsystemically important banks, or G-SIBs, depending on the bank’s systemic importance. The Financial Stability Board identified us as a G-SIB in its most recent annual report published in November 2012, and liquidity regulations.indicated that, as a G-SIB, we would be required to hold an additional 1.5% of Tier 1 common equity. The various proposals, if adopted, could imposegroup of banks identified as G-SIBs is expected to be updated annually, and the first group of G-SIBs to which the stricter capital requirements will initially be applied is expected to be identified in 2014. The stricter capital requirements are expected to be implemented in phases between January 1, 2016 and new liquidity requirementsDecember 31, 2018 and will become fully effective on global financial institutions such as us. IfJanuary 1, 2019. Based on the proposals, including any new proposals released thereafter, are adopted,Basel III framework, the Japanese capital ratio framework has been revised to implement the more stringent requirements, which are being implemented in phases beginning on March 31, 2013. Likewise, local banking regulators outside of Japan, such as those in the United States, are expected to revise the capital and liquidity requirements imposed on our subsidiaries and operations in those countries to implement the more stringent requirements of Basel III as adopted in those countries.

Under the capital adequacy guidelines of the FSA, which have been revised in connection with the adoption of Basel III, there is a transitional measure relating to the inclusion as a capital item of capital raising instruments issued in or prior to March 2013, and such instruments can be included as a capital item when calculating capital

ratios to the extent permitted by the transitional measure. Such capital raising instruments may require refinancing upon the expiration of the transition period during which such instruments can be included as a capital item in the calculation of capital ratios. However, in order for newly issued capital raising instruments, other than common stock, to be included as a capital item in the calculation of capital ratios under the revised capital adequacy guidelines, such instruments must have a clause in their terms and conditions that requires them to be written off or converted into common stock when the issuing financial institution is deemed non-viable or when the issuing financial institution’s capital ratios decline below prescribed levels. As a result, under certain market conditions, we may be unable to refinance or issue capital raising instruments under terms and conditions similar to those of capital raising instruments issued in or prior to March 2013. If such circumstances arise, our and our banking subsidiaries’ capital could be reduced, and our and our bank subsidiaries’ capital ratio could decrease.

In addition, under the FSA’s revised capital adequacy guidelines, deferred tax assets can be included as a capital item when calculating capital ratios up to a prescribed amount. However, this upper limit is expected to be revisedreduced in substantial conformity with them, thereby imposing possibly more stringent requirements on Japanese financial institutions, including us.phases. If and to the extent the amount of deferred tax assets exceeds this limit and cannot be included in Common Equity Tier 1 capital, our and our banking subsidiaries’ capital ratios can decrease.

If our capital ratios fall below required levels, the Financial Services Agency of JapanFSA could require us to take a variety of corrective actions, including withdrawal from all international operations or suspension of all or part of our business operations. In addition, if the capital ratios of our subsidiaries subject to capital adequacy rules of foreign jurisdictions fall below the required levels, the local regulators could also take action against them that may result in reputational damage or financial losses to us. Since maintaining our capital ratios at acceptable levels is crucial to our business, our management devotes a significant amount of attention and resources to capital ratio related issues and may also significantly alter our business strategy or operations if our capital ratios decline to unacceptable levels. For a discussion of our capital ratios and the related regulatory guidelines, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation” and “Item 5.5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Adequacy.”

If the goodwill recorded in connection with our acquisitions becomes impaired, we may be required to record impairment charges,losses, which may adversely affect our financial results and the price of our securities.

In accordance with USU.S. GAAP, we have accountedaccount for our acquisitionsbusiness combinations using the purchaseacquisition method of accounting. We recorded the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the acquired companies as goodwill. USU.S. GAAP requires us to test goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired.

The recent global financial crisis and recession led to the decline in our market capitalization and negatively affected the fair value of our reporting units for purposes of our periodic testing of goodwill for impairment. As a result, we recorded ¥893.7 billion, ¥845.8 billion and ¥0.5 billion of goodwill impairment charges for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. As of March 31, 2010,2013, the balance of goodwill was ¥381.5¥418.0 billion.

We may be required to record additional impairment chargeslosses relating to goodwill in future periods if the fair value of any of our reporting units declines below the fair value of related assets net of liabilities. Any additional impairment chargeslosses will negatively affect our financial results, and the price of our securities could be adversely affected. For a detailed discussion of the goodwill recorded and our periodic testing of goodwill for impairment and the goodwill recorded, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Estimates—Accounting for Goodwill and Intangible Assets”Assets.”

A further downgrade of our credit ratings could trigger additional collateral obligations under our derivative contracts and increase our funding costs.

In August 2011, Moody’s announced that it downgraded the long-term credit ratings of BTMU and MUTB by one-notch from Aa2 to Aa3, and the long-term credit rating of Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holding Co., Ltd., or MUSHD, by one-notch from A1 to A2. On July 20, 2012, Fitch downgraded the ratings assigned to BTMU and MUTB by one-notch from A to A-, although Fitch subsequently upgraded them. A further credit rating downgrade by Moody’s, Fitch, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services LLC or any other credit rating agency may have an adverse impact on us. Substantially all of the derivative contracts with collateral obligations entered into

by BTMU, MUTB and MUSHD are subject to a Credit Support Annex, or CSA, as published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., or ISDA. Following the downgrades by Moody’s and Fitch, some of our existing CSAs were modified to require, and some of the new CSAs that we entered into required, additional collateral at lower thresholds.

Assuming all of the relevant credit rating agencies downgraded the credit ratings of BTMU, MUTB and MUSHD by one-notch on March 31, 2013, we estimate that our three main subsidiaries under their derivative contracts as of the same date, would have been required to provide additional collateral of approximately ¥11.0 billion. Assuming a two-notch downgrade by all of the relevant credit rating agencies occurred on the same date, we estimate that the additional collateral requirements for BTMU, MUTB and MUSHD under their derivative contracts as of the same date would have been approximately ¥19.5 billion. In addition, a further downgrade of the credit ratings of our major subsidiaries could result in higher funding costs. For additional information on the impact of recent downgrades, see “Item 5.5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Condition—Goodwill.Sources of Funding and Liquidity.”

Failure to safeguard personal and other confidential information may result in liability, reputational damage or financial losses.

As our operations expand in volume, complexity and geographic scope, we are exposed to increased risk of confidential information in our possession being lost, leaked, altered or falsified as a result of human or system error, misconduct, unlawful behavior, or natural or human-caused disasters. Our information systems and information management policies and procedures may not be sufficient to safeguard confidential information against such risks.

As a financial institution in possession of customer information, we are required to treat personal and other confidential information as required by the Personal Information Protection Law of Japan, as well as the Banking Law and the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. In the event that personal information in our possession about our customers or employees is leaked or improperly accessed and subsequently misused, we may be subject to liability and regulatory action. We may have to provide compensation for economic loss and emotional distress arising out of a failure to protect such information. In addition, such incidents could create a negative public perception of our operations, systems or brand, which may in turn decrease customer and market confidence and materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Moreover, any loss, leakage, alteration or falsification of confidential information, or any malfunction or failure of our information systems, may result in significant disruptions to our business operations or plans or may require us to incur significant financial, human and other resources to implement corrective measures or enhance our information systems and information management policies and procedures.

Risks Related to Owning Our Shares

It may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or our directors, corporate auditors or other management members, or to enforce against us or those persons judgments obtained in USU.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the USU.S. federal or state securities laws.

We are a joint stock company incorporated under the laws of Japan. Almost all of our directors, corporate auditors or other management members reside outside the United States. Many of our assets and the assets of these persons are located in Japan and elsewhere outside the United States. It may not be possible, therefore, for USU.S. investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these persons or to enforce, against us or these persons, judgments obtained in the USU.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the USU.S. federal or state securities laws.

We believe there is doubt as to the enforceability in Japan, in original actions or in actions brought in Japanese courts to enforce judgments of USU.S. courts, of claims predicated solely upon the USU.S. federal or state securities laws mainly because the Civil Execution Act of Japan requires Japanese courts to deny requests for the enforcement of judgments of foreign courts if foreign judgments fail to satisfy the requirements prescribed by the Civil Execution Act, including:

Judgments obtained in the USU.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the USU.S. federal or state securities laws may not satisfy these requirements.

Risks Related to Owning Our ADSs

As a holder of ADSs, you have fewer rights than a shareholder of record in our shareholder register since you must act through the depositary to exercise these rights.

The rights of our shareholders under Japanese law to take actions such as voting, receiving dividends and distributions, bringing derivative actions, examining our accounting books and records and exercising appraisal rights are available only to shareholders of record. Because the depositary, through its custodian, is the record holder of the shares underlying the American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, only the depositary can exercise shareholder rights relating to the deposited shares. ADS holders, in their capacity, will not be able to directly bring a derivative action, examine our accounting books and records and exercise appraisal rights. We have appointed The Bank of New York Mellon as depositary, and we have the authority to replace the depositary.

Pursuant to the deposit agreement among us, the depositary and a holder of ADSs, the depositary will make efforts to exercise voting or any other rights associated with shares underlying ADSs in accordance with the instructions given by ADS holders, and to pay to ADS holders dividends and distributions collected from us. However, the depositary can exercise reasonable discretion in carrying out the instructions or making distributions, and is not liable for failure to do so as long as it has acted in good faith. Therefore, ADS holders may not be able to exercise voting or any other rights in the manner that they had intended, or may lose some or all of the value of the dividends or the distributions. Moreover, the depositary agreement that governs the obligations of the depositary may be amended or terminated by us and the depositary without your consent, notice, or any reason. As a result, you may be prevented from having the rights in connection with the deposited shares exercised in the way you had wished or at all.

ADS holders are dependent on the depositary to receive our communications. We send to the depositary all of our communications to ADS holders, including annual reports, notices and voting materials, in Japanese. ADS holders may not receive all of our communications with shareholders of record in our shareholder register in the same manner or on an equal basis. In addition, ADS holders may not be able to exercise their rights as ADS holders due to delays in the depositary transmitting our shareholder communications to ADS holders. For a detailed discussion of the rights of ADS holders and the terms of the deposit agreement, see “Item 10.B. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association.”

Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc.

MUFG is a bank holding company incorporated as a joint stock company (kabushiki kaisha) under the Company Law of Japan. We are the holding company for The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., or BTMU, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation, or MUTB, Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd., or MUSHD, Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd., or MUMSS, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd., or Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, and other companies engaged in a wide range of financial businesses.

On April 2, 2001, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd., Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation, or Mitsubishi Trust Bank, and Nippon Trust Bank Limitedand Banking Co., Ltd. established Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group, Inc., or MTFG, to be a holding company for the three entities. Before that, each of the banks had been a publicly heldtraded company. On April 2, 2001, through a stock-for-stock exchange, they became wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiaries of MTFG, and the former shareholders of the three banks became shareholders of MTFG. Nippon Trust Bank Limitedand Banking was later merged into Mitsubishi Trust Bank.

On April 1, 2004, we implemented a new integrated business group system, which currently integrates the operations of BTMU, MUTB and MUSHD and MUMSS into the following three areas—Retail, Corporate, and Trust Assets. This new measure was intended to enhance synergies by promoting more effective and efficient collaboration between our subsidiaries.

On July 1, 2005, MTFG made Mitsubishi Securities Co., Ltd., a directly held subsidiary by acquiring all of the shares of Mitsubishi Securities common stock held by Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and Mitsubishi Trust Bank.

On June 29, 2005, the merger agreement between MTFG and UFJ Holdings was approved at the general shareholders meetings of MTFG and UFJ Holdings. As the surviving entity, Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group, Inc. was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc.” The merger of the two bank holding companies was completed on October 1, 2005.

On September 30, 2007, MUSHD, which was then called “Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.,” or MUS, became a wholly ownedour wholly-owned subsidiary of MUFG through a share exchange transaction.

On August 1, 2008, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS became a wholly owned subsidiary of MUFG through a share exchange transaction. On the same day, we entered into a share transfer agreement with The Norinchukin Bank, or Norinchukin, under which we sold some of our shares of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS common stock to Norinchukin. Currently, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS is a consolidated subsidiary of MUFG.

On October 13, 2008, we formed a global strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley and, as part of the alliance, made an equity investment in Morgan Stanley as partin the form of a global strategic alliance. We beneficially own approximately 20% of the common stock of Morgan Stanley (assuming full conversion of the convertible and non-convertible preferred stock, and subsequently appointed a representative to Morgan Stanley’s board of Morgan Stanley we currently own), and are pursuing a variety of business opportunities in Japan and abroad.directors.

On October 21, 2008, we completed a tender offer for outstanding shares of ACOM CO., LTD. common stock, raising our ownership in ACOM to approximately 40%.

On November 4, 2008, BTMU completed the acquisition of all of the shares of common stock of UnionBanCal Corporation, or UNBC, not previously owned by BTMU and, as a result, UNBC became a wholly ownedwholly-owned indirect subsidiary of MUFG.

On April 1, 2010, the former MUS was renamed MUSHD, and a newly created operating subsidiary of MUSHD succeeded to the former MUS’s domestic operations, as a result of a corporate split transaction.

On May 1, 2010, the new operating subsidiary of MUSHD succeeded to thewe and Morgan Stanley integrated our securities and investment banking operationsbusinesses in Japan into two joint venture securities companies, one of which is MUMSS created by spinning off the wholesale and retail securities businesses conducted in Japan byfrom MUSHD and subsequently assuming certain operations in Japan from a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley.

On June 30, 2011, we converted all of our Morgan Stanley’s convertible preferred stock into Morgan Stanley’s common stock, resulting in our holding approximately 22.4% of the voting rights in Morgan Stanley. Further, we appointed a second representative to Morgan Stanley’s board of directors on July 20, 2011. Following the conversion on June 30, 2011, Morgan Stanley Japan Securities Co., Ltd., as a joint venture companybecame our equity-method affiliate. As of March 31, 2013, we held approximately 22.0% of the voting rights in Morgan Stanley and us, which was renamed MUMSS.had two representatives appointed to Morgan Stanley’s board of directors. We and Morgan Stanley continue to pursue a variety of business opportunities in Japan and abroad in accordance with the global strategic alliance.

Our registered address is 7-1, Marunouchi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8330, Japan, and our telephone number is 81-3-3240-8111.

For a discussion of recent developments, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.”

The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd.

BTMU is a major commercial banking organization in Japan that provides a broad range of domestic and international banking services from its offices in Japan and around the world. BTMU’s registered head office is located at 7-1, Marunouchi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8388, Japan, and its telephone number is 81-3-3240-1111. BTMU is a joint stock company (kabushiki kaisha) incorporated in Japan under the Company Law.

BTMU was formed through the merger, on January 1, 2006, of Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and UFJ Bank Limited after their respective parent companies, MTFG and UFJ Holdings, merged to form MUFG on October 1, 2005.

Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi was formed through the merger, on April 1, 1996, of The Mitsubishi Bank, Limited and The Bank of Tokyo, Ltd.

The origins of Mitsubishi Bank can be traced to the Mitsubishi Exchange Office, a money exchange house established in 1880 by Yataro Iwasaki, the founder of the Mitsubishi industrial, commercial and financial group. In 1895, the Mitsubishi Exchange Office was succeeded by the Banking Division of the Mitsubishi Goshi Kaisha, the holding company of the “Mitsubishi group” of companies. Mitsubishi Bank had been a principal bank to many of the Mitsubishi group companies but broadened its relationships to cover a wide range of Japanese industries, small and medium-sized companies and individuals.

Bank of Tokyo was established in 1946 as a successor to The Yokohama Specie Bank, Ltd., a special foreign exchange bank established in 1880. When the government of Japan promulgated the Foreign Exchange Bank Law in 1954, Bank of Tokyo became the only bank licensed under that law. Because of its license, Bank of Tokyo received special consideration from the Ministry of Finance in establishing its offices abroad and in many other aspects relating to foreign exchange and international finance.

UFJ Bank was formed through the merger, on January 15, 2002, of The Sanwa Bank, Limited and The Tokai Bank, Limited.

Sanwa Bank was established in 1933 when the three Osaka-based banks, the Konoike Bank, the Yamaguchi Bank, and the Sanjyushi Bank merged. Sanwa Bank was known as a city bank having the longest history in Japan, since the foundation of Konoike Bank can be traced back to the Konoike Exchange Office established in 1656. The origin of Yamaguchi Bank was also a money exchange house, established in 1863. Sanjyushi Bank was founded by influential fiber wholesalers in 1878. The corporate philosophy of Sanwa Bank had been the creation of the premier banking services especially for small and medium-sized companies and individuals.

Tokai Bank was established in 1941 when the three Nagoya-based banks, the Aichi Bank, the Ito Bank, and the Nagoya Bank merged. In 1896, Aichi Bank took over businesses of the Jyuichi Bank established by wholesalers in 1877 and the Hyakusanjyushi Bank established in 1878. Ito Bank and Nagoya Bank were established in 1881 and 1882, respectively. Tokai Bank had expanded the commercial banking business to contribute to economic growth mainly of the Chubu area in Japan, which is known for theits manufacturing industry,industries, especially automobiles.

Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation

MUTB is a major trust bank in Japan, providing trust and banking services to meet the financing and investment needs of clients in Japan and the rest of Asia, as well as in the United States and Europe. MUTB’s

registered head office is located at 4-5, Marunouchi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8212, Japan, and its telephone number is 81-3-3212-1211. MUTB is a joint stock company(kabushiki kaisha) incorporated in Japan under the Company Law.

MUTB was formed on October 1, 2005 through the merger of Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation, or Mitsubishi Trust Bank and UFJ Trust Bank Limited. As the surviving entity, Mitsubishi Trust Bank was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation.”

Mitsubishi Trust Bank traces its history to The Mitsubishi Trust Company, Limited, which was founded by the leading members of the Mitsubishi group companies in 1927. The Japanese banking and financial industry was reconstructed after World War II and, in 1948, Mitsubishi Trust Bank was authorized to engage in the commercial banking business, in addition to its trust business, under the new name Asahi Trust & Banking Corporation. In 1952, the bank changed its name again, to “The Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation.”

Nippon Trust Bankand Banking and The Tokyo Trust Bank, Ltd., which were previously subsidiaries of Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, werewas merged into Mitsubishi Trust Bank on October 1, 2001.

UFJ Trust Bank was founded in 1959 as The Toyo Trust & Banking Company, Limited, or Toyo Trust Bank. The Sanwa Trust & Banking Company, Limited, which was a subsidiary of Sanwa Bank, was merged into Toyo Trust Bank on October 1, 1999. The Tokai Trust & Banking Company, Limited, which was a subsidiary of Tokai Bank, was merged into Toyo Trust Bank on July 1, 2001. Toyo Trust Bank was renamed “UFJ Trust Bank Limited” on January 15, 2002.

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd.

MUSHD is a wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiary of MUFG. MUSHD functions as an intermediate holding company of MUFG’s global securities business. MUSHD’s registered head office is located at 4-1,5-2, Marunouchi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-6317,100-0005, Japan, and its telephone number is 81-3-6213-2550. MUSHD is a joint stock company (kabushiki kaisha) incorporated in Japan under the Company Law. MUSHD has major overseas subsidiaries in London, New York, Hong Kong, Singapore Shanghai and Geneva.

In April 2010, MUSHD, which was previously called “Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.,” or MUS, became an intermediate holding company by spinning off its securities and investment banking business operations to a wholly ownedwholly-owned operating subsidiary established in December 2009.2009, currently MUMSS. Upon the consummation of the corporate spin-off transaction, MUSthe intermediate holding company was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd.” and the operating subsidiary was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.” The operating subsidiary was subsequently renamed MUMSS in May 2010 upon integration of our securities operations in Japan with those of Morgan Stanley.

MUS was formed through the merger between Mitsubishi Securities Co., Ltd. and UFJ Tsubasa Securities Co., Ltd. on October 1, 2005, with Mitsubishi Securities being the surviving entity. The surviving entity was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.” and, in September 2007, became our wholly-owned subsidiary through a share exchange transaction.

Mitsubishi Securities was formed in September 2002 through a merger of Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi’s securities subsidiaries and affiliate, KOKUSAI Securities Co., Ltd., Tokyo-Mitsubishi Securities Co., Ltd. and Tokyo-Mitsubishi Personal Securities Co., Ltd., and Mitsubishi Trust Bank’s securities affiliate, Issei Securities Co., Ltd. In July 2005, MTFG made Mitsubishi Securities a directly-held subsidiary by acquiring all of the shares of Mitsubishi Securities common stock held by Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi and Mitsubishi Trust Bank.

Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd.

MUMSS is our core securities and investment banking subsidiary. MUMSS was created as one of the two Japanese joint venture securities companies in May 2010 between Morgan Stanley and us as part of our global strategic alliance. MUMSS succeeded to the investment banking operations conducted in Japan by a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and the wholesale and retail securities businesses conducted in Japan by MUS. MUFG, through MUSHD, holds 60% voting and economic interests in MUMSS. MUMSS’s registered head office is located at 5-2 Marunouchi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0005 Japan, and its telephone number is 81-3-6213-8500. MUMSS is a joint stock company (kabushiki kaisha) incorporated in Japan under the Company Law. For more information on our strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley,joint venture securities companies, see “—B. Business Overview” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.Overview—Global Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley.”

MUMSS engages in underwriting and brokerage of securities, mergers and acquisitions, derivatives, corporate advisory and securitization operations. In addition to its own independent branches, MUMSS serves individual customers of BTMU and MUTB through a network of MUFG Plazas, which provide individual customers with one-stop access to services and products offered by MUMSS, BTMU and MUTB.

In the securities business, MUMSS offers its customers a wide range of investment products. The equity sales staff members provide services to clients ranging from individual investors to institutional investors in Japan and abroad. Through derivative products, MUMSS provides solutions to meet customers’ risk management needs. MUMSS also offers structured bonds utilizing various types of derivatives in response to customers’ investment needs. In the investment trust business, MUMSS provides its retail and corporate customers a wide variety of products. MUMSS also offers investment banking services in such areas as bond underwriting, equity underwriting, initial public offerings, support for IR activities, securitization of assets and mergers and acquisitions. MUMSS has research functions and provides in-depth company and strategy reports.

Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.

Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS is a major credit card company in Japan that issues credit cards, including those issued under the MUFG, NICOS, UFJ and DC brands, and provides a broad range of credit card and other related services for its card members in Japan. Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS is a consolidated subsidiary of MUFG. Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS’s registered head office is located at 33-5, Hongo 3-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8411, Japan, and its telephone number is 81-3-3811-3111. Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS is a joint stock company (kabushiki kaisha) incorporated in Japan under the Company Law.

On August 1, 2008, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS became a wholly-owned subsidiary of MUFG through a share exchange transaction. On the same day, we entered into a share transfer agreement with The Norinchukin Bank, or Norinchukin, under which we sold some of our shares of Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS common stock to Norinchukin. Currently, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS is a consolidated subsidiary of MUFG. In March 2011, we and Norinchukin made additional equity investments in Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS in proportion to our and Norinchukin’s respective beneficial ownership of approximately 85% and 15%, respectively.

Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS was formed through the merger, on April 1, 2007, of UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd. and DC Card Co., Ltd. As the surviving entity, UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd. was renamed “Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS Co., Ltd.”

UFJ NICOS was formed through the merger, on October 1, 2005, of Nippon Shinpan Co., Ltd. and UFJ Card Co., Ltd. Originally founded in 1951 and listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 1961, Nippon Shinpan was a leading company in the consumer credit business in Japan. Nippon Shinpan became a subsidiary of MUFG at the time of the merger with UFJ Card.

Prior to the merger between MTFG and UFJ Holdings in October 2005, DC Card was a subsidiary of MTFG while UFJ Card was a subsidiary of UFJ Holdings.

We are one of the world’s largest and most diversified financial groups with total assets of ¥200¥231 trillion as of March 31, 2010.2013. The Group is comprised of BTMU, MUTB, MUMSS (through MUSHD), Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS and other subsidiaries and affiliates, for which we are the holding company. As a bank holding company, we are regulated under the Banking Law of Japan. Our services include commercial banking, trust banking, securities, credit cards, consumer finance, asset management, leasing and many more fields of financial services. The Group has the largest overseas network among the Japanese banks, comprised of offices and subsidiaries, including Union Bank, N.A., or Union Bank, in more than 40 countries.

While maintaining the corporate cultures and core competencies of BTMU, MUTB, MUMSS (through MUSHD) and Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS, we, as the holding company, seek to work with them to find ways to:

In order to further enhance our operations and increase profits, inSince April 2004, we introducedhave adopted an integrated business group system comprising threeour core business areas: Retail, Corporate, and Trust Assets. These three businessesareas, which serve as the Group’s core sources of net operating profit. Our remainingCurrently, we have five business areas are grouped intosegments: Integrated Retail Banking Business, Integrated Corporate Banking Business, Integrated Trust Assets Business, Integrated Global MarketsBusiness and Other. In addition,Global Markets. MUFG’s role as the holding company has expanded from strategic coordinationis to integrated strategic management.strategically manage and integrate the activities of these business segments. Group-wide strategies are determined by the holding company and executed by the banking subsidiaries and other subsidiaries.

In October 2008, as part of our medium-term strategy to expand our operations in the United States, each of MUFG, BTMU, MUTB and UNBC became a financial holding company under the USU.S. Bank Holding Company Act. For more information, see “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—We may not be able to maintain our capital ratios above minimum required levels, which could result in the suspension of some or all of our operations” and “Item 4.B.“—B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Supervision and Regulation—United States.”

MUFG Management PhilosophyPolicy

MUFG’s management philosophy serves asMUFG Group formulated in May 2012 the basic policy in conducting its business activities, and provides guidelines for all group activities. It is alsoGroup Corporate Vision to clarify the foundation for management decisions, includingnature of the formulation of management strategies and management plans, and serves as the core value for all employees. BTMU, MUTB, MUMSS and Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS adopted the MUFG’s management philosophy as their own respective management philosophy,Group’s overall mission and the entiretype of group strivesit should aspire to comply with this philosophy. The detailsbe, and as a shared principle to unify the hearts and minds of Group employees, while meeting the MUFG’s management philosophyexpectations of our customers and society. Throughout the Group, the people of MUFG are set forth below:working under three shared values—Integrity and Responsibility, Professionalism and Teamwork, and Challenging Ourselves to Grow—while aiming to be the world’s most trusted financial group.

We have declared our message to the world as “Quality for You,” with management’s emphasis on quality. “Quality for You” means that by providing high-quality services, we aspire to help improve the quality of the lives of individual customers and the quality of each corporate customer. The “You” expresses the basic stance of MUFG that we seek to contribute not only to the development of our individual customers but also

communities and society. We believe that delivering superior quality services, reliability, and global coverage will result in more profound and enduring contributions to society.

Integrated Retail Banking Business Group

The Integrated Retail Banking Business Group covers all domestic retail businesses, including commercial banking, trust banking and securities businesses, and enables us towe offer a full range of banking products and services, including financial consulting services, to retail customers in Japan. This business group integrates the retail business of BTMU, MUTB, MUMSS and MUMSS as well as retail product development, promotion and marketingother affiliate companies of MUFG. In December 2012, we made Mitsubishi UFJ Merrill Lynch PB Securities Co., Ltd. a wholly-owned subsidiary in a single management structure. Many of our retailorder to further strengthen private banking services are offered through our network of MUFG Plazas providing individual customers with one-stop access to our comprehensive financial product offerings of integrated commercial banking, trust banking and securities services.for high net-worth customers.

Deposits and retail asset management services.    We offer a full range of bank deposit products including a non-interest-bearing deposit account that is redeemable on demand and intended primarily for payment and settlement functions, and is fully insured by the Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan without a maximum amount limitation.

We also offer a variety of asset management and asset administration services to individuals, including savings instruments such as current accounts, ordinary deposits, time deposits, deposits at notice and other deposit facilities. We also offer trust products, such as loan trusts and money trusts, and other investment products, such as investment trusts, performance-based money trusts and foreign currency deposits.

We create portfolios tailored to customer needs by combining savings instruments and investment products. We also provide a range of asset management and asset administration products as well as customized trust products for high net worthnet-worth individuals, as well as advisory services relating to, among other things, the purchase and disposal of real estate and effective land utilization, and testamentary trusts.

Investment trusts.    We provide a varieddiverse lineup of investment trust products allowing our customers to choose products according to their investment needs through BTMU, MUTB and MUMSS as well as kabu.com Securities Co., Ltd., which specializes in online financial services. In the fiscal year endedFor example, as of March 31, 2010,2013, BTMU offered a total of five new investment trusts. As of the end of March 2010, BTMU offeredoffers our clients a total of 7394 investment trusts. Moreover, BTMU has placed significant importance on ensuring that aftercare is providedproviding after-sales advice to all of our customers who have purchased our investment trust products.

Insurance.    Since the Japanese government lifted the prohibition against sales of annuity insurance products by banks in October 2002, we have been actively offeringWe offer insurance products to meet the needs of our customers.customers as a sales agent of third party insurance companies. Our current lineup of insurance products consists of investment-type individual annuities, foreign currency-denominatedannuity insurance, annuities and yen-denominated fixed-amount annuity insurance. Additionally, since January 2005, we have been offering single premium terminsurance, single-premium whole-life insurance and level-payment insurance. BTMU has been offering life, medical and cancer insurance since December 2007, carenursing-care insurance since April 2008 and car insurance since July 2009. As of March 31, 2010,2013, BTMU offers 13offered 43 varieties of life insurance products (five life insurance, three medical insurance, three cancer insurance products, one endowment insurance, one educational insurance) at 466475 BTMU branches. Professional insurance sales representatives, called “Insurance Planners,” have been assigned to each branch where these insurance products are sold in order to ensure that the branch responds to our customers’ needs. MUTB also offers whole term life insurance and medical insurance at all of its branches.

Financial products intermediation services.    Our banking subsidiaries entered the securities industry following the lifting of the ban on securities intermediation by banks in Japan in December 2004, when we started offeringWe offer financial products intermediation services through BTMU and MUTB and with the former MUS acting as an agent. We have expanded this service through BTMUagent with three MUFG securities companies (MUMSS, Mitsubishi UFJ Merrill Lynch PB Securities, Co., Ltd., and kabu.com Securities Co., Ltd.) acting as agentsSecurities) and through MUTB with MUMSS acting as an agent.agent with MUMSS. We offer securities, including publicly offered stocks, foreign and domestic investment trusts, Japanese government bonds, foreign bonds and various other products.

products. As of March 31, 2010, BTMU employed approximately 440 employees seconded from MUMSS. We seek to optimize the deployment of the securities service personnel within our group in accordance with our initiatives where approximately 180 of the 440 were assigned to branches in Japan as sales representatives, approximately 170 employees were employed in the capacity of Retail Money Desk, or RMD, representatives to assist the branch sales force, and the remaining 90 employees were assigned to the headquarters of BTMU (Financial Instruments Intermediary Service Office).

Loans.    We offer housing loans, card loans, and other loans to individuals. With respect to housing loans, in addition to housing loans incorporating health insurance for seven major illnesses, BTMU began offering in June 2009 preferential interest rates under its “Environmentally Friendly Support” program to customers who purchase “environment-conscious” houses (e.g., houses with solar electric systems) which meet specific criteria in response to increasing public interest in environmental issues. In September 2009, BTMU launched “housing loans with home mortgage insurance,” which BTMU jointly developed with the Japan Housing Finance Agency, a governmental agency under the Japanese government’s economic stimulus measures, under which the agency indemnifies BTMU for losses from housing loans. Since November 2007, BTMU has been offeringalso offers a card loan service called “BANQUIC,” for which applications can be accepted through the internet, telephone, TV telephonevideo counter and mobile phone. A customer who has an account with BTMU can obtain loans through the “BANQUIC” service by having the loan proceeds directly remitted to the customer’s BTMU account. The service is available at BTMU branches and BTMU-affiliated ATMs at convenience stores with no ATM transaction fees. BTMU continues to strive to meet a wide variety of customer needs by enhancing our product offerings and increasing customers’ ease of access to our services.

Credit cards.    Among our group companies, Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS and BTMU issue credit cards and also offer some preferential services provided by other MUFG group companies (including preferential rates for BTMU housing loans) to holders of the “MUFG card” issued by Mitsubishi UFJ NICOS and gold cards issued by BTMU. BTMU has expanded value-added services

Retail securities business.    We conduct our retail securities business in Japan through MUMSS which was formed in May 2010 through the integration of the domestic wholesale and benefits for bank-issued credit card holders, including a point program where credit card holders can earn pointsretail securities business previously conducted by using their credit cardsMUS and exchange the points earned for cashinvestment banking business previously conducted by Morgan Stanley Japan Securities Co., Ltd., or other preferential treatment for banking transactions through BTMU.Morgan Stanley Japan. See “—Global Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley” below.

Domestic Network.    We offer products and services through a wide range of channels, including branches, ATMs, (including convenience store ATMs shared by multiple banks),video counters, and, Mitsubishi-Tokyo UFJ Direct (telephone, internet and mobile phone banking), the Video Counter and postal mail..

We offer integrated financial services combining our banking, trust banking and securities services at MUFG Plazas. These Plazas provide retail customers with an integrated and flexible suite of services at one-stop outlets. As of March 31, 2010,2013, we provided those services through 4730 MUFG Plazas.

To provide exclusive membership services to high net worthnet-worth individual customers, private banking officeswe have been established since December 2006Private Banking Offices featuring lounges and private rooms where customers can receivewe provide wealth management advice and other services to our customers in a relaxing and comfortable setting. As of March 31, 2010,2013, we had 28 private banking offices30 Private Banking Offices in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Nagoya and Osaka.Japan.

To improve customer convenience, BTMU has enhanced its ATM network and ATM related services. BTMU has also ceased to charge ATM transaction fees from customers of BTMU and MUTB for certain transactions. In addition, BTMU has reduced commissions for transactions conducted through ATMs located in convenience stores. Furthermore, BTMU currently shares itits ATM network with eightsix Japanese local banks, AEON Bank, Ltd. and the banks belonging to the Japan Agricultural Cooperatives bank group. BTMU has also ceased to charge ATM transaction fees from customers who use these banks’ ATMs for certain transactions.

“Jibun Bank Corporation” is a partnership between BTMU and KDDI Corporation, a major telecommunications company in Japan. Jibun Bank provides banking services primarily through mobile phone networks. Since the launch of its banking services in July 2008, Jibun Bank has reached one million accounts and ¥154 billion in deposit balance as of March 31, 2010.

Trust agency operations.    We offer MUTB’s trust related products and advisory services through our trust agency system not only for MUTB customers but also for BTMU and MUMSS customers. As of March 31, 2010,2013, BTMU engaged in the following eight businesses as the trust banking agent for MUTB: testamentary trusts, inheritance management, asset succession planning, inheritance management agency operations, business management financial consulting, lifetime gift trusts, share disposal trusts, and marketable securities administration trusts. MUMSS engaged in the following three businesses as the trust banking agent for MUTB: testamentary trusts, inheritance management and asset succession planning. In October 2006, BTMU accepted approximately 30 financial consultants (sales managers specializing in inheritance business) from MUTB. Because of Japan’s aging society, customer demand for inheritance-related advice is increasing, and we aim to significantly strengthen our ability to cross-sell the inheritance products to our existing customers.

Integrated Corporate Banking Business Group

The Integrated Corporate Banking Business Group covers all domestic and overseas corporate businesses, including commercial banking, investment banking, trust banking and securities businesses as well as UNBC. UNBC is a wholly owned subsidiary of BTMU and a US bank holding company with Union Bank being its primary subsidiary. On December 18, 2008, Union Bank changed its name to the current name from Union Bank of California, N.A.businesses. Through the integration of these business lines, diverse financial products and services are provided mainly to our Japanese corporate clients, from large corporations to medium-sized and small businesses. The business group has clarified strategic domains, sales channels and methods to match the different growth stages and financial needs of our corporate customers.

Commercial Banking

We provide various financial solutions, such as loans and fund management, remittance and foreign exchange services, to meet the requirements of small and medium-sized enterprise, or SME, customers. We also help our customers develop business strategies, such as overseas expansions, inheritance-related business transfers and stock listings.

CIB (Corporate and Investment Banking)

We offer advanced financial solutions mainly to large corporations through corporate and investment banking services. Product specialists globally provide derivatives, securitization, syndicated loans, structured finance, and other services. We also provide investment banking services, such as M&A advisory, bond and equity underwriting, to meet our customers’ needs.

A large part of our investment banking business in Japan is provided by MUMSS which was formed in May 2010 through the integration of the domestic wholesale and retail securities business previously conducted by MUS and the investment banking business conducted by Morgan Stanley Japan. See “—Global Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley” below.

Transaction Banking

We provide online banking services that allow customers to make domestic and overseas remittances electronically. We also provide a global cash pooling/netting service, and the “Treasury Station”,Station,” a fund management system for a multi-company group.groups. These services are designed particularly for customers who have global business activities.

Trust Banking

MUTB’s experience and know-how in the asset management business, real estate brokerage and appraisal services, and stock transfer agency serviceservices also enable us to offer services tailored to the financial strategies of each client, including securitization of real estate, receivables and other assets.

Global Businesses

Our global Corporate and Investment Banking business, or Global CIB, primarily serves large corporations, financial institutions, and sovereign and multinational organizations with a comprehensive set of solutions for their financing needs. Global CIB generated about 20% of our net operating profit for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. Spearheaded by Group Head of Integrated Corporate Banking Business Group based in Tokyo,

our operations are predominantly located in the world’s primary financial centers, including New York, London, Singapore and Hong Kong. With our global reach, we provide a full range of services, including commercial banking services such as loans, deposits and cash management services, corporate banking services such as providing credit commitments and arranging the issuance of asset-backed commercial paper, and investment banking services such as debt/equity issuance and M&A advisory services to help clients develop financial strategies. To meet clients’ expectations for their various financing needs, Global CIB establishes a client-oriented coverage business model and coordinates our product experts who can offer innovative finance services all around the world.

Union Bank.    UNBC is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of MUFG. UNBC is a US bank holding company with Union Bank being its primary subsidiary. Union Bank is one of the largest commercial banks in California by both total assets and total deposits. Union Bank provides a wide range of financial services to consumers, small businesses, middle market companies and major corporations, primarily in California, Oregon, and Washington, as well as nationally and internationally.

Global Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley.    In May 2010, pursuant to definitive agreements entered into in March 2010, we and Morgan Stanley formed two joint ventures in Japan by integrating our respective Japanese securities companies engaged in investment banking and securities businesses. We converted the wholesale and retail securities businesses conducted in Japan by the former MUS into one of the joint venture entities which is named Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities, Co., Ltd., or MUMSS. Morgan Stanley contributed the investment banking operations conducted in Japan by its formerly wholly-owned subsidiary, Morgan Stanley Japan Securities Co., Ltd., or MSJS, into MUMSS and converted the sales and trading and capital markets businesses conducted in Japan by MSJS into a second joint venture entity called Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities, Co., Ltd., or MSMS. Following the respective contributions to the joint venture companies and a cash payment of ¥26 billion from us to Morgan Stanley at the closing of the transaction (subject to certain post-closing cash adjustments), we hold a 60% economic interest in each of the joint venture entities through Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd or MUSHD, our intermediate holding company, and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 40% economic interest in each of the joint venture companies. We hold a 60% voting interest through MUSHD and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 40% voting interest in MUMSS, while we hold a 49% voting interest through MUSHD and Morgan Stanley indirectly holds a 51% voting interest in MSMS. The board of directors of MUMSS has fifteen members, nine of whom are designated by us and six of whom are designated by Morgan Stanley. The board of directors of MSMS has ten members, six of whom are designated by Morgan Stanley and four of whom are designated by us. The CEO of MUMSS is designated by us and the CEO of MSMS is designated by Morgan Stanley. For a more detailed discussion on the Global Strategic Alliance, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.”

We made a $9.0 billion preferred equity investment in Morgan Stanley in October 2008 as part of our global strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley. Since this initial investment, we have acquired a total of $705 million of shares of Morgan Stanley common stock and sold back to Morgan Stanley $705 million of the preferred securities in May 2009, and we have acquired a total of $471 million of additional shares of Morgan Stanley common stock in June 2009. We beneficially own approximately 20% of the common stock of Morgan Stanley (assuming full conversion of the convertible preferred stock of Morgan Stanley we currently own).

On June 30, 2009, the scope of the Global Strategic Alliance was expanded into new geographies and businesses, including (1) a loan marketing joint venture that will provide clients in the Americas with access to expanded, world-class lending and capital markets services from both companies, (2) an agreement to establish business referral arrangements in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and Africa, covering capital markets, loans, fixed income sales and other businesses, (3) a global commodities referral agreement whereby BTMU and its affiliates will refer clients in need of commodities-related hedging solutions to certain affiliates of Morgan Stanley, and (4) an employee secondment program to share best practices and expertise in a wide range of business areas.

See “Item 3.D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—If our strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley fails, we could suffer financial or reputational loss.”

Integrated Trust Assets Business Group

The Integrated Trust Assets Business Group covers asset management and administration services for products such as pension trusts and security trusts by integrating the trust banking expertise of MUTB and the international strengths of BTMU. The business group provides a full range of services to corporate and pension funds, including stable and secure pension fund management and administration, advice on pension schemes, and payment of benefits to scheme members. With the aim of further enhancing the business, MUTB has strategic alliances with asset management companies outside of Japan.

Our Integrated Trust Assets Business Group combines MUTB’s trust assets business, comprising trust assets management services, asset administration and custodial services, and the businesses of Mitsubishi UFJ Global Custody S.A., Mitsubishi UFJ Asset Management Co., Ltd. and KOKUSAI Asset Management Co., Ltd.

Mitsubishi UFJ Global Custody which was established on April 11, 1974 and was formerly named Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ (Luxembourg) S.A., provides global custody services, administration services for investment funds and fiduciary and trust accounts, and other related services to institutional investors.

Mitsubishi UFJ Asset Management and KOKUSAI Asset Management provide asset management and trust products and services mainly to high net worth individuals, branchindividual customers and corporate clients in Japan.

Integrated Global Business Group

The Integrated Global Business Group was established on July 1, 2011 to effectively coordinate and enhance our group-wide efforts to strengthen and expand overseas operations. Integrated Global Business Group is designed to clarify the leadership in, and enhance the coordination for, our overseas strategies on a group-wide basis.

Overseas business development has been an important pillar of our growth strategy. Aiming to further raise our presence in the global financial market, we are shifting our approach where each of our group companies

individually promotes its overseas business to a more group-wide approach. The new approach is designed to enable us to exercise our comprehensive expertise to provide our overseas customers with value-added services more effectively.

As global financial regulations have become increasingly stringent following the recent global financial crisis, the realignment in the global financial industry has accelerated with financial institutions merging and entering into alliances particularly in Europe and the United States. Moreover, the importance of emerging markets in Asia and other regions has been rapidly growing, and the business environment surrounding the international financial industry is becoming more complex. In addition, customers’ financing needs are becoming more diverse and sophisticated as their activities are becoming more globalized.

Amidst this dynamic environment, Integrated Global Business Group covers our overseas businesses, including commercial banking services such as loans, deposits and cash management services, retail banking, trust assets and securities businesses (with the retail banking and trust assets businesses being conducted through Union Bank), through a global network of more than 500 offices outside of Japan to provide customers with financial products and services that meet their increasingly diverse and sophisticated financing needs.

CIB (Corporate and Investment Banking)

Our CIB business primarily serves large corporations, financial institutions, and sovereign and multinational organizations with a comprehensive set of solutions for their financing needs. Through our global network of offices and branches, we provide a full range of services, including corporate banking services such as providing project finance as well as ECA finance and arranging the issuance of asset-backed commercial paper, investment banking services such as debt/equity issuance, and M&A advisory services, to help clients develop financial strategies. To meet clients’ expectations for their various financing needs, we have established a client-oriented coverage business model and coordinate our product experts who can offer innovative finance services all around the world. With our acquisition in December 2010 from The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc of project finance assets consisting of loans for natural resources, power and other infrastructure projects in Europe, the Middle-East and Africa, and related assets, we continue to seek to strengthen our project finance business, which is one of the core businesses of CIB.

Transaction Banking

We have Transaction Banking offices in six locations around the world through which we provide commercial banking products and services for corporations and financial institutions in managing and processing domestic and cross-border payments, mitigating risks in international trade, and performing asset and liability management. A team of approximately 400 officers provide customers with support for their domestic, regional and global trade finance and cash management programs through our extensive global network.

Union Bank

UNBC is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of MUFG. UNBC is a U.S. bank holding company with Union Bank being its primary subsidiary. Union Bank is a leading regional bank headquartered in California, ranked by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, as the 21st largest bank in the United States in terms of total deposits as of March 2013. Union Bank provides a wide range of financial services to consumers, small businesses, middle-market companies and major corporations, primarily in California, Oregon, Washington, and Texas as well as nationally and internationally. In October 2012, Union Bank acquired Smartstreet, formerly a division of Atlanta-based PNC Bank, N.A. which had approximately $1.0 billion in deposits and provides banking services nationwide to homeowners associations and community association management companies in the United States. In December 2012, UNBC acquired Pacific Capital Bancorp, a bank holding company based in California with approximately $6.7 billion in total assets and approximately $4.7 billion in deposits. In April 2013, Union Bank reached an agreement to acquire PB Capital Corporation’s institutional commercial real estate lending division platform.

Headquartered in New York, the commercial real estate lending division of PB Capital had approximately $3.5 billion in loans outstanding on properties in various major metropolitan areas in U.S. as of June 14, 2013. In May 2013, Union Bank agreed to assume the deposits and acquire certain assets of First Bank Association Bank Services, a unit of First Bank, which provides a full range of services to homeowners associations and community management companies. For more information, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.”

Activities in Asia

Recently, we have been expanding our operations in Asia in an effort to further develop our operations abroad. For example, in May 2013, BTMU acquired approximately 20% of the ordinary shares of Vietnam Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Industry and Trade, or VietinBank. VietinBank is one of the major Vietnamese state-owned commercial banks in terms of assets. VietinBank is now accounted for under the equity method.

In addition, on July 2, 2013, BTMU entered into a share tender agreement with GE Capital regarding GE Capital’s shareholding in Bank of Ayudhya Public Company Limited, or Krungsri, in Thailand. Under the agreement, BTMU will launch a voluntary tender offer for all of the outstanding Krungsri shares upon satisfaction of regulatory and corporate approvals and other conditions, and GE Capital will tender all of the shares it holds in Krungsri, constituting approximately 25.33% of the total outstanding shares of Krungsri, in the tender offer. Krungsri, which was established in 1945, is the fifth-largest commercial bank in Thailand in terms of assets. Krungsri provides banking, consumer finance, investment, asset management, and other financial products and services to individual consumers, SMEs, and large corporation through 601 branches and over 19,000 service outlets in Thailand.

For more information on the above transactions in Asia, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Recent Developments.”

Global Markets

Global Markets consists of the treasury operationscovers asset and liability management and strategic investments of BTMU and MUTB.MUTB, and sales and trading of financial products of BTMU, MUTB and MUSHD. Effective July 1, 2012, the Integrated Global Business Group and Global Markets also conducts asset liability managementstarted working jointly on some of the sales and liquidity managementtrading businesses of MUSHD’s foreign subsidiaries as part of our efforts to strengthen the cooperation between BTMU and provides various financial operations such as moneyMUSHD of their markets businesses and to expand investor relationships while improving our trading capabilities to seize interest rate and foreign exchange operationsmarket opportunities for loans and corporate bond transactions. Accordingly, during the year ended March 31, 2013, we began reporting a portion of the securities investments.sales and trading businesses, which previously was presented within the Integrated Global Business Group, as part of Global Markets.

OtherGlobal Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley

Other mainly consistsAs a result of our conversion of Morgan Stanley convertible preferred stock into Morgan Stanley’s common stock on June 30, 2011, we hold approximately 432 million shares of Morgan Stanley’s common stock representing approximately 22.0% of the corporate centersvoting rights in Morgan Stanley and Series C Preferred Stock with a face value of approximately $521.4 million, or ¥53.6 billion, and 10% dividend as of March 31, 2013. As of the same date, we had two representatives appointed to Morgan Stanley’s board of directors. We adopted the equity method of accounting for our investment in Morgan Stanley beginning with the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012.

In conjunction with Morgan Stanley, we formed two securities joint venture companies in May 2010 to integrate our respective Japanese securities companies. We converted the wholesale and retail securities businesses conducted in Japan by MUS into MUMSS. Morgan Stanley contributed the investment banking operations conducted in Japan by its former wholly-owned subsidiary, Morgan Stanley Japan, to MUMSS, and converted the sales and trading and capital markets businesses conducted in Japan by Morgan Stanley Japan into

an entity called Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities, Co., Ltd., or MSMS. We hold a 60% economic interest in MUMSS and MSMS, and Morgan Stanley holds a 40% economic interest in MUMSS and MSMS. We hold a 60% voting interest and Morgan Stanley holds a 40% voting interest in MUMSS, and we hold a 49% voting interest and Morgan Stanley holds a 51% voting interest in MSMS. Morgan Stanley’s and our economic and voting interests in the securities joint venture companies are held through intermediate holding company,companies. We have retained control of MUMSS and we account for our interest in MSMS under the equity method due to our significant influence over MSMS. The board of directors of MUMSS has fifteen members, nine of whom are designated by us and six of whom are designated by Morgan Stanley. The board of directors of MSMS has ten members, six of whom are designated by Morgan Stanley and four of whom are designated by us. The CEO of MUMSS is designated by us and the CEO of MSMS is designated by Morgan Stanley.

We have also expanded the scope of our global strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley into other geographies and businesses, including (1) a loan marketing joint venture that provides clients in the United States with access to expand the world-class lending and capital markets services from both companies, (2) an agreement to establish business referral arrangements in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and Africa, covering capital markets, loans, fixed income sales and other businesses, (3) a global commodities referral agreement whereby BTMU MUTB and MUMSS.its affiliates refer clients in need of commodities-related hedging solutions to certain affiliates of Morgan Stanley, and (4) an employee secondment program to share best practices and expertise in a wide range of business areas.

See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—If our strategic alliance with Morgan Stanley fails, we could suffer financial or reputational loss.”

Competition

We face strong competition in all of our principal areas of operation.operations. The deregulation of the Japanese financial markets as well as structural reforms in the regulation of the financial industry and recent developments in financial markets have resulted in dramaticsome significant changes in the Japanese financial system. Structural reforms havesystem and prompted Japanese banks to merge or reorganize their operations, thus changing the nature of the competition from other financial institutions as well as from other types of businesses.

Japan

Deregulation.    Competition in Japan has intensified as a result of the relaxation of regulations relating to Japanese financial institutions. Most of the restrictions that served to limit competition were lifted before the year 2000. Deregulation has eliminated barriers between different types of Japanese financial institutions, which are now able to compete directly against one another. Deregulation and market factors have also facilitated the entry of various large foreign financial institutions into the Japanese domestic market.

The Banking Law, as amended, now permits banks to engage in certain types of securities business, including retail sales of investment funds and government and municipal bonds, and, through a domestic and overseas securities subsidiary, all types of securities business, with appropriate registration with or approval of the Financial Services Agency, an agency of the Cabinet Office. The Banking Law was amended in December 2008 to expand the scope of permissible activities of banks, permitting banks to engage in emissions trading and, through their subsidiaries and certain affiliates, Islamic financing. Further increases in competition among financial institutions are expected in these new areas of permissible activities.

In terms of recent market entrants, other financial institutions, such as Orix Corporation, and non-financial companies, such as the Seven & i Holdings group and Sony Corporation, also began to offer various banking

services, often through non-traditional distribution channels. Also, in recent years, various large foreign financial institutions entered the Japanese domestic market. Citigroup Inc., for example, has expanded its banking operations in Japan through a locally incorporated banking subsidiary. The privatization of Japan Post, a government-run public services corporation that is the world’s largest holder of deposits, and the establishment of the Japan Post Group companies, including Japan Post Bank Co., Ltd., as part of the continuing privatization process, as well as the privatization of other governmental financial institutions, could also substantially increase competition within the financial services industry. In December 2009, the Japanese government’s privatization plan for the Japan Post Group companies was suspended, and a bill was introduced to the Diet that, if enacted, would have doubled to ¥20 million the amount of deposits Japan Post Bank can accept from an individual depositor, permitted the Japan Post Bank to more easily enter new areas of business activities, required the government to retain more than one-third of the voting rights in Japan Post Holdings Co., Ltd. and required Japan Post Holdings to retain more than one-third of the voting rights in Japan Post Bank. However, it was not approved during the Diet session ended in June 2010.

In the corporate banking sector, the principal effect of these reforms has been the increase in competition as two structural features of Japan’s highly specialized and segmented financial system have eroded:

In addition, as foreign exchange controls have been generally eliminated, customers can now have direct access to foreign financial institutions, with which we must also compete.

In the consumer banking sector, deregulation has enabled banks to offer customers an increasingly attractive and diversified range of products. For example, banks are permitted to sell investment trusts and all types of insurance products. Recently, competition has increased due to the development of new products and distribution channels. For example, Japanese banks have started competing with one another by developing innovative proprietary computer technologies that allow them to deliver basic banking services in a more efficient manner, such as internet banking services, and to create sophisticated new products in response to customer demand.

The trust assets business is a promising growth area that is competitive and becoming more so because of changes in the industry. In addition, there is growing corporate demand for change in the trust regulatory environment, such as reform of the pension system and related accounting regulations under Japanese GAAP. However, competition may increase in the future as regulatory barriers to entry are lowered. The current Trust Business Law came into effect on December 30, 2004. Among other things, the Trust Business Law has expanded the types of property that can be entrusted and allows non-financial companies to conduct trust business upon approval. The law has also adopted a type of registration for companies that wish to conduct only the administration type trust business. The Trust Business Law was further amended in December 2006 in order to cope with new types of trusts and to amend the duties imposed on the trustee in accordance with the sweeping amendment to the law. As these regulatory developments have facilitated the expansion of the trust business, the competition in this area has also intensified.

Integration.    Since their formation in 2000 and 2001, the so-called Japanese “mega bank” groups, including us, the Mizuho Financial Group, and the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group have continued to expand their businesses and financial group capabilities. Heightened competition among the mega bank groups is currently expected in the securities sector as they have recently announced plans to expand, or have expanded, their respective securities businesses. In May 2010, we andin conjunction with Morgan Stanley, commenced operations ofwe created two securities joint venture companies Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd.in Japan, MUMSS and Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities Co., Ltd., each of which was formedMSMS, by integrating certainthe operations of MUS and Morgan Stanley Japan Securities.Japan. In May 2009, Mizuho Securities Co., Ltd. acquired Shinko Securities Co., Ltd. In September 2011, the Norinchukin Bank, Mizuho Corporate Bank, Ltd. and Mizuho Securities entered into definitive agreements to expand areas of business cooperation and enhance collaborative relationships. In January 2013, Mizuho Securities and Mizuho Investors Securities Co., and inLtd. merged. In October 2009, the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group acquired the former Nikko Cordial Securities Inc. and other businesses from Citigroup Inc.

For a discussion of the two securities joint venture companies created by us and Morgan Stanley, see “—B. Business Overview—Global Strategic Alliance with Morgan Stanley.”

The mega bank groups face heightened competition with other financial groups. For example, the Nomura Group acquired Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.’s franchise in the Asia-Pacific region and investment banking businesses in Europe and the Middle East in October 2008. In addition, various Japanese non-bank financial institutions, non-financial companies as well as foreign financial institutions entered into the Japanese domestic market. For example, Orix Corporation, a non-bank financial institution, and the Seven & i Holdings group and

Sony Corporation, which were both non-financial companies, offers various banking services, often through non-traditional distribution channels. Citigroup Inc. conducts its banking business in Japan through a locally incorporated banking subsidiary.

In the retail banking sector, customers often seek a broad range of financial products and services, such as investment trusts and insurance products. Recently, competition has increased due to the development of new products and distribution channels. For example, Japanese banks have started competing with one another by developing innovative proprietary computer technologies that allow them to deliver basic banking services in a more efficient manner, such as internet banking services, and to create sophisticated new products in response to customer demand. In addition, the Japanese individual savings account system, so-called NISA program, will start from January 2014, which will offer tax exemptions on capital gains and dividend income for investments up to ¥1 million a year for a maximum of five years. Competition in the retail banking sector is also expected to increase due to the implementation of such tax exemption program.

In recent years, the Japanese government has identified several governmental financial institutions as candidates to privatize. In particular, the privatization of the Japan Post Group companies could substantially increase competition within the financial services industry as Japan Post Bank Co., Ltd. is one of the world’s largest holders of deposits. Although the Japanese government’s privatization plan for the Japan Post Group companies was suspended in December 2009, a revised postal privatization law became effective in May 2012, allowing the government to commence its sales of shares in the Japan Post Group companies. The revised law only requires Japan Post Holdings Co., Ltd. to make efforts to sell its shares in Japan Post Bank and Japan Post Insurance Co., Ltd. as soon as possible with no specific deadline. Additionally, under the revised law, Japan Post Bank and Japan Post Insurance may enter into new businesses upon obtaining government approvals, and if the government’s equity holdings decrease to a certain level, the two companies will be allowed to enter into new businesses upon submission of a notice to the government. As a result, the Japan Post Group companies may seek to enter into new financial businesses and increasingly compete with us. The privatization of the Japan Post Group companies remains subject to political negotiations and government action. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Our business may be adversely affected by competitive pressures, which have partly increased due to regulatory changes and recent market changes in the financial industry domestically and globally” and “—B. Business Overview—The Japanese Financial System—Government Financial Institutions.”

In the consumer finance sector, new regulatory reforms and legal developments have negatively impacted the business environment, resulting in failures of a large number of consumer finance companies, including a major consumer finance company’s filing for corporate reorganization in September 2010. In April 2012, Promise Co., Ltd. became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, and changed its name as SMBC Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. in July 2012. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Because of our loans to consumers and our shareholdings in companies engaged in consumer lending, changes in the business or regulatory environment for consumer finance companies in Japan may further adversely affect our financial results.”

The trust assets business is an area that is becoming increasingly competitive because of regulatory changes in the industry that have expanded the products and services that can be offered since the mid-2000s.In addition, there is growing corporate demand for changes in the trust regulatory environment, such as reforms of the pension system and related accounting regulations under Japanese GAAP. Competition may increase in the future as changes are made to respond to such corporate demand and regulatory barriers to entry are lowered. In October 2009, The Sumitomo Trust and Banking Co., Ltd. acquired Nikko Asset Management Co., Ltd. from Citigroup Inc., and in November 2009 The In April 2011, Sumitomo Trust and Banking Co., Ltd and Chuo Mitsui Trust Holdings, Inc. entered into basic agreementestablished Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings, Inc., a holding company, to integrate their operations. In April 2012, Sumitomo Trust and Banking, The Chuo Mitsui Trust and Banking Company, Limited and Chuo Mitsui Asset Trust and Banking Company, Limited, the two groups. The megathree trust bank groups are alsosubsidiaries of Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings, merged and were renamed Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank, Limited. As a result, competition is expected to face heightened competition with other financial groups. For example, the Nomura Group acquired Lehman Brothers Holding, Inc.’s franchiseintensify in the Asia-Pacific regionasset management and investment banking businesses in Europe and the Middle East in October 2008.trust assets businesses.

Foreign

In the United States, we face substantial competition in all aspects of our business. We face competition from other large USU.S. and foreign-ownednon-U.S. money-center banks, as well as from similar institutions that provide financial services. Through Union Bank, we currently compete principally with USU.S. and foreign-ownednon-U.S. money-center and regional banks, thrift institutions, insurance companies, asset management companies, investment advisory companies, consumer finance companies, credit unions and other financial institutions.

In other international markets, we face competition from commercial banks and similar financial institutions, particularly major international banks and the leading domestic banks in the local financial markets in which we conduct business. For example, Japanese mega banks, including us, and other major international banks have been expanding, or are expected to expand, their operations in the Asian market, where leading local banks have been growing recently. In addition, we may face further competition as a result of recent investments, mergers and other business tie-ups among global financial institutions.

The Japanese Financial System

Japanese financial institutions may be categorized into three types:

The Bank of Japan

The Bank of Japan’s role is to maintain price stability and the stability of the financial system to ensure a solid foundation for sound economic development.

Private Banking Institutions

Private banking institutions in Japan are commonly classified into two categories (the following numbers are based on information published by the Financial Services Agency of Japan available as of July 20, 2010:1, 2013:

Ordinary banks in turn are classified as city banks, of which there are five,four, including BTMU, and regional banks, of which there are 106 and other banks, of which there are 16.15. On July 1, 2013, Mizuho Bank, Ltd. and Mizuho Corporate Bank merged, wherein Mizuho Corporate Bank was the surviving entity and changed its name to Mizuho Bank, Ltd. The merged bank is one of the four city banks. In general, the operations of ordinary banks correspond to commercial banking operations in the United States. City banks and regional banks are distinguished based on head office location as well as the size and scope of their operations.

The city banks are generally considered to constitute the largest and most influential group of banks in Japan. Generally, these banks are based in large cities, such as Tokyo Osaka and Nagoya,Osaka, and operate nationally through networks of branch offices. City banks have traditionally emphasized their business with large corporate clients, including the major industrial companies in Japan. However, in light of deregulation and other competitive factors, many of these banks, including BTMU, in recent years have increased their emphasis on other markets, such as small and medium-sized companies and retail banking.

With some exceptions, the regional banks tend to be much smaller in terms of total assets than the city banks. Each of the regional banks is based in one of the Japanese prefectures and extends its operations into neighboring prefectures. Their clients are mostly regional enterprises and local public utilities, although theutilities. The regional banks also lend to large corporations. In line with the recent trend among financial institutions toward mergers or business tie-ups, various regional banks have announced or are currently negotiating or pursuing integration transactions.

Trust banks, including MUTB, provide various trust services relating to money trusts, pension trusts and investment trusts and offer other services relating to real estate, stock transfer agency and testamentary services as well as banking services.

In recent years, almost all of the city banks have consolidated with other city banks and also, in some cases, with trust banks. Integration among these banks was achieved, in most cases, through the use of a bank holding company.

In addition to ordinary banks and trust banks, other private financial institutions in Japan, including shinkin banks or credit associations, and credit cooperatives, are engaged primarily in making loans to small businesses and individuals.

Government Financial Institutions

Since World War II, a number of government financial institutions have been established.established in Japan. These corporations are wholly ownedwholly-owned by the government and operate under its supervision. Their funds are provided mainly from government sources. Certain types of operations undertaken by these institutions have been or are planned to be assumed by, or integrated with the operations of, private corporations, through privatization and other measures.

Among them are the following:

Supervision and Regulation

Japan

Supervision.    The Financial Services Agency of Japan, an agency of the Cabinet Office, or the FSA, is responsible for supervising and overseeing financial institutions, making policy for the overall Japanese financial system and conducting insolvency proceedings with respect to financial institutions. The Bank of Japan, as the central bank for financial institutions, also has supervisory authority over banks in Japan, based primarily on its contractual agreements and transactions with the banks.