As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 17,October 10, 2017

Registration No. 333-214209333-            

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

AMENDMENT NO. 4

TO

FORMS-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

REV Group, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

 

Delaware 3711 26-3013415

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

111 East Kilbourn Avenue, Suite 2600

Milwaukee, WI 53202

(414)290-0190

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

 

 

Tim Sullivan

Chief Executive Officer

 

Dean Nolden

Chief Executive Officer

Chief Financial Officer

111 East Kilbourn Avenue, Suite 2600

Milwaukee, WI 53202

(414)290-0190

(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)

 

 

Copies to:

 

Richard D. Truesdell, Jr.

Derek J. Dostal

Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP

450 Lexington Avenue

New York, NY 10017

(212)450-4000

 

Pamela S. Krop

General Counsel

1441 Brickell Avenue, Suite 1007

Miami, FL 33131

(786)279-7022

 

Marc D. Jaffe

Wesley C. Holmes

Latham & Watkins LLP

885 Third Avenue

New York, NY 10022

(212)906-1200

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.  ☐

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer ☒  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

 

Amount

to Be

Registered(1)

 

Proposed

Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price Per Share(2)

 

Proposed

Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price(1)(2)

 Amount of
Registration Fee(3)
 

Amount

to Be

Registered(1)

 

Proposed

Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price(1)(2)

 Amount of
Registration Fee

Common stock, $0.001 par value

 14,375,000 $21.00 $301,875,000 $34,987.31 11,500,000 $331,315,000 $41,249

(1)Includes the offering price of shares of common stock that may be sold if the option to purchase additional shares of common stock granted to the underwriters is exercised.
(2)Estimated solely for the purpose of calculatingcomputing the amount of registration fee in accordance withpursuant to Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(3)Filing feesamended, and, in accordance with Rule 457(c) of the amountSecurities Act of $11,590 were previously paid.1933, as amended, is based on the average of the high and low selling prices of the common stock on October 3, 2017, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. WeThe selling shareholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JANUARY 17,OCTOBER 10, 2017

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

12,500,00010,000,000 Shares

 

 

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REV Group, Inc.

Common Stock

$        per share

 

 

This is the initial publicThe selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are offering of our common stock. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. We are selling 12,500,00010,000,000 shares of our common stock. We currently expectwill not receive any of the initial public offering price to be between $19.00 and $21.00 per shareproceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock.stock in this offering.

Our shares of common stock have been approved for listingare listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “REVG,“REVG.subject to noticeOn October 9, 2017, the last reported sale price of official issuance.our shares of common stock on the NYSE was $29.19.

The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to 1,875,0001,500,000 additional shares of common stock at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.

 

 

Investing in shares of our common stock involves risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 25.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

   Per Share   Total 

Initial publicPublic offering price

  $               $             

Underwriting discount(1)

  $   $ 

Proceeds to usthe selling stockholders before expenses

  $   $ 

 

(1)See “Underwriting” for additional information regarding total underwriter compensation.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of common stock to investors on or about                     , 2017.

 

 

 

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC          Morgan Stanley  BairdCredit Suisse

 

BMO Capital Markets

  

Credit Suisse

Deutsche Bank Securities
  

Deutsche Bank Securities

                    Jefferies

 

JefferiesWells Fargo Securities  StifelSunTrust Robinson Humphrey

Prospectus dated                     , 2017


 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

   Page 

Basis of Presentation

   ii 

Trademarks and Service Marks

   ii 

Market and Industry Data

   ii 

Non-GAAP Financial Information

   ii 

Prospectus Summary

   1 

Risk Factors

   25 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

   46 

Use of Proceeds

   47 

Dividend PolicyDividends

   48 

CapitalizationMarket Price of Our Common Stock

   49

Dilution

51 

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

   5250 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   5453 

Business

   7781 

Management

   102108 

Executive and Director Compensation

   111116 

Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

   128133 

Principal and Selling Stockholders

   131136 

Description of Indebtedness

   134139 

Description of Capital Stock

   136141 

Shares Eligible For Future Sale

   141146 

U.S. Federal Tax Considerations forNon-U.S. Holders

   143148 

Underwriting

   146151 

Legal Matters

   155159 

Experts

   155159 

Where You Can Find More Information

   155159 

Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-1 

Neither we, the selling stockholders nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information other than that contained in this prospectus or to which we have referred you. We, the selling stockholders and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We, the selling stockholders and the underwriters are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, these securities only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. You should assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the cover page, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common stock. Our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations may have changed since that date.

Through and including                 , 2017 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in shares of our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

For investors outside the United States: We and the selling stockholders have not, and the underwriters have not, done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus or any free writing prospectus we may provide to you in connection with this offering in any jurisdiction where action for this purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. See “Underwriting.”

 

i


BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Prior to May 25, 2016, our fiscal year ended on October 31 of each year. Effective May 25, 2016, we changed our fiscal year to be the52- or53-week period ending on the last Saturday in October. References to a particular fiscal year refer to the year in which that fiscal year ends. For example, all references to “fiscal year 2016” relate to the52-week period ending October 29, 2016, and all references to “fiscal year 2015” relate to the year ended October 31, 2015. Each of our fiscal years is divided into four13-week fiscal quarters. Each fiscal quarter is grouped into two4-week monthly reporting periods and one5-week monthly reporting period, although quarters may occasionally consist of “4-5-5”“4-5-5” or “4-4-6”“4-4-6” monthly periods, depending on the calendar and the additional week in a53-week fiscal year.

On October 9, 2017, our Board of Directors approved a change in the fiscal year-end of the Company from the last Saturday in October to October 31. This change is effective beginning with fiscal year 2017, which will now end on October 31, 2017. Beginning on November 1, 2017, the Company will report its quarterly results for the three-month periods ending January 31, April 30, July 31 and October 31 of each fiscal year. The Company believes this change will result in administrative simplification and more closely align the Company’s financial close with its operations calendar.

Certain numbers or percentages in this prospectus may not sum due to rounding.

TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS

We own or have rights to copyrights, trademarks, service marks or trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. Solely for convenience, some of the copyrights, trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this prospectus are listed without the©,® and ™ symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to our copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names and domain names. Some of the trademarks we own or have the right to use include, but are not limited to:E-ONE, KME, Kovatch Mobile Equipment, Ferrara Fire Apparatus, American Emergency Vehicles, Horton Emergency Vehicles, Leader Emergency Vehicles, Wheeled Coach, Collins Bus, Champion Bus, Goshen Coach, ENC, ElDorado National, McCoy Miller, Marque, Capacity of Texas, Capacity Trucks,Lay-Mor, Goldshield Fiberglass, Fleetwood RV, Monaco, American Coach, Road Rescue, Frontline, World Trans, Federal Coach, Krystal Coach, Holiday Rambler, Renegade RV and Holiday Rambler.Midwest Automotive Designs. The copyrights, trademarks, service marks and trade names of other companies appearing in this prospectus are, to our knowledge, the property of their respective owners.

MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

This prospectus includes information with respect to market share and industry conditions obtained directly or indirectly from publicly available information, industry publications and surveys, reports from government agencies and our own estimates based on our management’s knowledge of and experience in the markets in which we compete. Unless otherwise indicated, industry information and information about our competitive position contained in this prospectus is based on our internal research and estimates. Our internal estimates are based upon our understanding of industry conditions, and such information has not been verified by any independent sources. While we believe that such information and estimates are reasonable and reliable, neither we, the selling stockholders nor the underwriters have independently verified market and industry data from third parties. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of the future performance of the industry in which we operate and our future performance are necessarily subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.

ii


NON-GAAP FINANCIAL INFORMATION

We report our financial results in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). However, management believes that the evaluation of our ongoing operating results may be enhanced by a presentation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income, which arenon-GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization as adjusted for certainnon-recurring,one-time and other adjustments which we believe are not indicative of our underlying operating performance and Adjusted Net Income represents net income as adjusted for certainafter-tax,non-recurring,one-time and other adjustments which we believe are not indicative of our underlying

ii


operating performance as well as for theadd-back of certainnon-cash intangible amortization, in each case as discussed more fully in “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data.”

We believe that the use of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income provide additional meaningful methods of evaluating certain aspects of our operating performance from period to period on a basis that may not be otherwise apparent under GAAP when used in addition to, and not in lieu of, GAAP measures. See “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data” for a discussion of our use of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income in this prospectus, including the reasons that we believe this information is useful to management and to investors and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income to the most closely comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.

 

iii


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights information contained in other parts of this prospectus. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in shares of our common stock and it is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, especially “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, before deciding to buy shares of our common stock. Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to the “Company,” “REV,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to REV Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Our Company

REV is a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of specialty vehicles and related aftermarket parts and services. We serve a diversified customer base primarily in the United States through three segments: Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation. We provide customized vehicle solutions for applications including: essential needs (ambulances, fire apparatus, school buses, mobility vans and municipal transit buses), industrial and commercial (terminal trucks,cut-away buses and street sweepers) and consumer leisure (recreational vehicles (“RVs”) and luxury buses). Our brand portfolio consists of 2629 well-established principal vehicle brands including many of the most recognizable names within our served markets. Several of our brands pioneered their specialty vehicle product categories and date back more than 50 years. We believe that in most of our markets, we hold the first or second market share position and estimate that approximately 72%61% of our net sales during the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 came from products where we hold such share positions.

In fiscal year 2016, we sold approximately 17,300 units and we currently have an estimated installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles in operation. We believe this provides us with a competitive advantage and recurring replacement vehicle sales as many customers are brand-loyal and fleet owners frequently seek to standardize theirin-service fleets through repeat purchases of existing brands and product configurations. The specialty vehicle market is a complex and attractive market characterized by: (i) numerous niche markets with annual sales volumes generally between 3,000 and 25,000 units, (ii) highly customized vehicle configurations addressing unique customer applications and (iii) specialized customer bases and distribution channels (both dealer and direct). We believe the specialty vehicle market has historically been addressed primarily by smaller, less sophisticated companies, which has created an opportunity for market leadership by scaled and highly efficient producers such as REV. Under our current leadership, our focus on product innovation, life-cycle value leadership and operational improvement has strengthened our brands and market position while driving growth and expanding margins.

Our products are sold to municipalities, government agencies, private contractors, consumers and industrial and commercial end users. We have a diverse customer base with our top 10 customers representing approximately 25% of our net sales in fiscal year 2016, with no single customer representing more than 6% of our net sales over the same period. Our top 10 customers have maintained relationships with REV and its predecessor companies for an average of approximately 20 years. We believe our diverse end markets are favorably exposed to multiple secular growth drivers such as: rising municipal spending, a growing aged population, growing urbanization, growing student populations, the increasing popularity of outdoor and active lifestyles and the replacement of existingin-service vehicles including legislated replacements. In addition to these favorable underlying drivers of growth, we believe certain of our markets will benefit over the next several years from incremental demand created by the underinvestment in fleets following the 2008 recession. For example, as set forth in the charts below in “—Our Markets,” we estimate that the cumulativepent-up replacement demand in the fire and emergency market is approximately 15,00017,500 units, which represents 144%179% of the total fire and emergency market unit sales volume in the United States and Canada in 2015.2016. However, we

 



cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

Our business model utilizes our unique scale to drive profitable organic and acquisitive growth. We seek to gain market share by delivering high-quality products with customized attributes tailored to our customers’ product specifications, while simultaneously reducing costs and shortening delivery lead times. We aim to achieve this by standardizing and optimizing certain processes across our segments in areas including: procurement, engineering and product development, lean manufacturing, dealer management, pricing, and aftermarket parts sales. We believe our manufacturing and service network, consisting of 1521 manufacturing facilities and 1112 aftermarket service locations (called Regional Technical Centers or “RTCs”), provides us with a competitive advantage through the sharing of best practices, manufacturing flexibility based on relative facility utilization levels, delivery costs and lead times, economies of scale, customer service capabilities, and a complementary distribution system. Our business consists primarily of design, engineering, integration, and assembly activities, which require low levels of capital expenditures. Additionally, our business has a highly variable cost structure that results in operational flexibility, which we believe, when combined with low levels of capital expenditures, we believe can produce high returns on invested capital. Furthermore, our broad presence across the specialty vehicle market and large manufacturing and distribution network are important differentiators in our ability to grow through acquisitions. We seek to make synergistic acquisitions that further enhance our existing market positions or enter REV into new, attractive product segments. In the past 10 years, we have successfully integrated nine10 acquisitions and are in the process of integrating our latest three acquisitions of Midwest Automotive Designs (“Midwest”), Ferrara Fire Apparatus (“Ferrara”) and AutoAbility, LLC (“AutoAbility”). We have demonstrated the ability to grow and enhance the earnings profile of acquired businesses by either consolidating acquired businesses into our existing plant footprint or by introducing REV processes into the newly acquired businesses to drive profitable growth.

Our management team has an average of 2829 years of experience in highly specialized industrial manufacturing and aftermarket parts and services businesses. Beginning in 2014, our new leadership team introduced several initiatives to accelerate growth and improve our profitability. These initiatives included: improving brand management, strengthening distribution, implementing a centralized enterprise-wide procurement strategy, growing adjacent and aftermarket products and services, improving production processes within our facilities, driving down total cost of quality, implementing value-based pricing strategies and reducing fixed costs.

We have delivered strong financial and operating results from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016, as set forth below:

 

 (1)Net sales were $1,721 million, $1,735 million and $1,926 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a compound annual growth rate, or “CAGR,” of 3.8%5.8%;

 

 (2)We improved our operating performance, specifically:

 

Net income was $1.5 million, $23 million and $30 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 173%350%;

 

Adjusted Net Income was $14 million, $34 million and $55 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 56%95%;

 

Adjusted EBITDA was $62 million, $90 million and $127 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 27%44%; and

 

 (3)We drove approximately 148 basis points and 280 basis points of expansion in our net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins, respectively.



In addition, for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, we had net income of $9 million, Adjusted EBITDA of $104 million and Adjusted Net Income of $47 million, compared to net income of $18 million, Adjusted EBITDA of $81 million and Adjusted Net Income of $34 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. See “—Summary Consolidated Financial Data” below for additional information regarding ournon-GAAP measures, including a reconciliation of these measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measure.



Our Products and Markets

We primarily sell new specialty vehicles which we design, engineer and manufacture in our production facilities. We are also focused on growing our higher gross margin aftermarket business which consists of parts sales, service and other ancillary revenue opportunities generated by our installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles. We believe the majority of our new vehicle sales represent the replacement ofin-service vehicles which are past their useful life, with additional sales derived from fleet expansions, new customers and adjacent product introductions.

The following charts show a breakdown of our net sales for fiscal year 2016:the nine months ended July 29, 2017:

 

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The following chart sets forth summary information regarding our primary product line categories and end markets for our segments:

 

   

Fire & Emergency

  

Commercial

  

Recreation

Overview  The Fire & Emergency segment manufactures a wide range of fire apparatus and ambulance products. Fire & Emergency products are sold to municipal fire departments, EMS providers, and private fleets, typically purchasing through dealers.  The Commercial segment manufactures transit and shuttle buses, Type A school buses, mobility vans and other specialty vehicles including sweepers and terminal trucks distributed both through dealers and direct. Commercial products are sold to municipalities, schools, and commercial and industrial customers.  The Recreation segment manufactures motorized RV products sold to brand-loyal, repeat customers who purchase through dealers.
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Principal Brands  

Fire Apparatus

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Ambulance

    
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Estimated Addressable Market Size(1)  ~$3 billion  ~$5 billion  ~$36 billion
Estimated Addressable Market Units(1)  

Ambulance: ~6,200~6,000

Fire Apparatus: ~4,200~3,800

  

Type A School Bus: ~7,500~7,600

Cutaway Bus: ~15,000~14,400

Transit Bus: ~4,100~5,500

Mobility Vans: ~23,100

Terminal Trucks and Sweepers: ~7,400

  

Class A: ~21,900~22,700

Class B: ~4,100

Class C: ~22,100~28,000

Estimated REV Market Share by Units(1)  ~41%48%  ~19%18%  

Class A – ~13%~14%

Class B – ~1%

Class C – ~1%~2%

Fiscal Year 2016 Net Sales(2)  $768 million  $679 million  $489 million
Market Positions for Selected Products  

#1 in Ambulance

#2 in Fire Apparatus

  

#1 in Type A School Bus

#1 in Small & Medium Size Commercial Bus

#2 in Terminal Trucks

#1 in Light Broom Sweepers

  14%15% Class A market share as of October 2016June 2017 representing a 120 basis point increase from October 2015. We believe we are the industry’s fastest growing Class A participant.2016.
Selected Customers and Dealers  LOGOLOGO  

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(1)Based on 20152016 market volumes in the United States and Canada. Estimated REV market share by units includes units sold by Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara.



(2)Does not reflect the elimination of intersegment sales of approximately $10.6 million in fiscal year 2016. Excludes sales for Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara.



Our Fire & Emergency segment sells fire apparatus equipment under the Emergency One(“E-ONE”) and, Kovatch Mobile Equipment (“KME”) and Ferrara brands and ambulances under the American Emergency Vehicles (“AEV”), Horton Emergency Vehicles (“Horton”), Leader Emergency Vehicles (“Leader”), Marque, McCoy Miller, Road Rescue, Wheeled Coach and Frontline brands. We believe we are the largest manufacturer by unit volume of fire and emergency vehicles in the United States and have one of the industry’s broadest portfolios of products including Type I ambulances (aluminum body mounted on a heavy truck-style chassis), Type II ambulances (van conversion ambulance typically favored fornon-emergency patient transportation), Type III ambulances (aluminum body mounted on avan-style chassis), pumpers (fire apparatus on a custom or commercial chassis with a water pump and small tank to extinguish fires), ladder trucks (fire apparatus with stainless steel or aluminum ladders), tanker trucks and rescue and other vehicles. Each of our individual brands is distinctly positioned and targets certain price and feature points in the market such that dealers often carry and customers often buy more than one REV Fire & Emergency product line. In April 2017, we acquired Ferrara, a leader in custom fire apparatus and rescue vehicles.

Our Commercial segment serves the bus market through the following principal brands: Collins Bus, Goshen Coach, ENC, ElDorado National, Krystal Coach, Federal Coach, Champion and World Trans. We serve the terminal truck market through the Capacity brand, the sweeper market through theLay-Mor brand and the mobility market through the ElDorado Mobilityour recently recast Revability brand. See “—Recent Developments.” We are a leading producer of small- andmedium-sized buses, Type A school buses, transit buses, terminal trucks and street sweepers in the United States. Our products in the Commercial segment includecut-away buses (customized body built on various types and sizes of commercial chassis), transit buses (large municipal buses where we build our own chassis and body), luxury buses (bus-style(bus-style limo orhigh-end luxury conversions), street sweepers (three- and four-wheel versions used in road construction activities), terminal trucks (specialized vehicle which moves freight in warehouses or intermodal yards and ports), Type A school buses (small school bus built on commercial chassis), and mobility vans (mini-van(mini-van converted to be utilized by wheelchair passengers). Within each market segment, we produce a large number of customized configurations to address the diverse needs of our customers.

Our Recreation segment serves the RV market through foursix principal brands: American Coach, Fleetwood RV, Monaco Coach, Holiday Rambler, Renegade RV and Holiday Rambler.Midwest Automotive Designs. We believe these brands are amongour brand portfolio contains some of the longest standing, most recognized brands in the RV industry. Prior to the 2008 recession, as segments of larger public companies, theythe American Coach, Fleetwood RV, Monaco Coach and Holiday Rambler brands generated over $2 billion of annual sales in each of the calendar years 2004 and 2005 and represented approximately 36% of the motorized RV market in calendar year 2005 and an even higher percentage share of just the diesel portion of the Class A market. Under these fourall six brands, REV provides a variety of highly recognized models such as: American Eagle, Dynasty, Discovery, Bounder, and Pace Arrow, Verona and Weekender, among others. Our products in the Recreation segment currently include only Class A motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a heavy duty chassis with either diesel or gas engine configurations), Class C and Class C“Super C” motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a commercial truck or van chassis), a line of heavy-duty special application trailers, and as a result of the acquisition of Midwest, Class B RVs (motorhomes built on a van chassis). The Recreation segment also includes Goldshield Fiberglass, which produces a wide range of custom molded fiberglass products for the RV and broader industrial markets. Within our Recreation segment, we are one of the top producers of Class A diesel and gas motorized RVs with a 14% market share and a 7%15% market share of the motorized Class A RV market as of October 2016 and we believe we are the fastest-growing participant in the market place based on market share, with our fiscal year 2016 unit sales growing 9% compared to fiscal year 2015.June 2017, which is a 120 basis point improvement from 2016. We are focused on recapturing the significant market share which our four principal brands enjoyed prior to 2008. In December 2016, we acquired Renegade RV, a leader in the “Super C” segment of the RV market and producer of a line of heavy-duty special application trailers. In April 2017, we acquired Midwest, a leading producer of Class B RVs and custom luxury vans.



To enhance our market-leading positions, we continue to focus on new product development across our three segments. New product development is primarily designed to provide our customers with high-quality products that have varied and unique feature sets and product capabilities at attractive price points. We introduced eight new products in fiscal year 2016. We currently2016 and have 11introduced 18 new products in development that we anticipate will be releasedso far in fiscal year 2017. In addition to new product development, our businesses are continuously customizing and designing our vehicles to meet individual customers’ needs and applications. In our RV business specifically, our new model design cycle follows similar timelines as the automotive industry, whereby new models and configurations are introduced or upgraded annually.



Upon request, we facilitate financing for our dealers and end customers by providing them with access to our third-party bank partners. All such financing transactions are recorded on our bank partners’ balance sheets. We support these transactions under bothnon-recourse and recourse agreements with the banks, and in return, we earn a fee for arranging these transactions. We believe that offering customers finance options to purchase vehicles from us will help REV form a more complete relationship with our customers, help drive incremental vehicle sales and allow us to participate in finance revenue streams from third parties through arrangement fees.

Our Markets

We operate primarily in the United States in the fire and emergency, commercial and recreation markets. For fiscal year 2016 our net sales to international markets (including Canada) amounted to $66 million, representing approximately 3% of our overall net sales for the period. We sell internationally through dealers and agents to end markets that utilize U.S.-style chassis and product configurations.

Fire and Emergency Markets

According to industry sources, there were approximately 10,4009,800 fire apparatus and ambulance units shipped in 20152016 in the United States and Canada, representing a 10%3% and 30%22% increase over the annual industry volumes for 2014 and 2011, respectively. Fire and emergency products are used by municipalities and private contractors to provide essential services such as emergency response, patient transport and fire suppression, among other activities. Nearly all fire apparatus and ambulances are customized in some form; however, they share many common production, sales and component attributes such as similar manufacturing and engineering processes, raw materials (aluminum, lights, wire harnesses, paint and coatings, among others), and dealer-based distribution channels. The sales prices for our fire and emergency products can vary considerably given their highly customized nature, but generally range from $160,000 to $650,000 for pumper trucks, $475,000 to $1,200,000 for aerial fire trucks and $65,000 to $350,000 for ambulances. Demand is driven primarily by the replacement ofin-service fleets, as well as by factors such as a growing aged population and a growing overall population (driving increased patient transportation and emergency response needs), new real estate developments, taller buildings (requiring more aerial vehicles), international airport growth (requiring Federal Aviation Administration-specified ARFF vehicles), and higher municipal funding levels. Local tax revenues are an important source of funding for fire and emergency response departments in addition to Federal grant money and locally raised funding. We estimate that ambulances have useful lives of five to seven years and generally operate on a 24/7 schedule, driving significant annual mileage which ultimately creates a replacement or remount sale as their underlying chassis wears out. We estimate that pumper trucks and aerial fire trucks have useful lives of10-12 years and20-30 years, respectively, and that these fire apparatus vehicles become obsolete before they wear out due to the fact that technology continues to advance and the vehicles would otherwise have a long life span because they generally operate at lower levels of annual miles driven and, outside of major metropolitan areas. We estimate that ambulances have useful lives of 5-7 years.driven. We believe there is significantpent-up replacement demand for fire apparatus and ambulances as annual unit shipment levels since the 2008 recession have remained well belowpre-recession averages. As set forth in the charts below, we estimate the cumulativepent-up replacement demand at approximately 15,00017,500 units, which we believe is incremental to ongoing normalized levels of demand. However, we cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

 



Fire Apparatus  Ambulance
Unit Sales  Unit Sales

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SourceSource::   Fire Apparatus Manufacturers’ Association,

Management estimates

  

 

Source:    Source:National Truck Equipment Association — Association—Ambulance Manufacturers Division, Management estimates

We believe that a growing aged population, longer life expectancy, urbanization and the increasing use of emergency vehicles fornon-critical care transport are all positive trends for the ambulance market. Further, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the resulting creation of federal and state healthcare exchanges have resulted in broader healthcare insurance coverage nationally, allowing ambulance service providers to realize higher reimbursement rates and increased ambulance utilization levels, as ambulance service providers historically provided care and transport for a significant number of individuals who had limited or no insurance.

Commercial Markets

REV’s Commercial segment addresses a broad variety of products and end markets. The transit and shuttle bus market includes applications such as airport car rental and hotel/motel shuttles, paramedical transit vehicles for hospitals and nursing homes, tour and charter operations, daycare and student transportation, mobility vans for wheelchair users, and numerous other applications. According to industry sources, shipments of cutaway buses (those buses that are up to 35 feet in length) were approximately 15,00014,400 units in 2015.2016. We believe the commercial bus markets we serve will sustain positive long-term growth supported by growing levels of urbanization which will require increasing commercial bus usage, increased government transportation spending as shown in the chart below, an aging and growing U.S. population driving demand for shuttle buses and mobility vans, a necessary replacement cycle forof public and private bus customers and the introduction of new bus products.



The demand for school buses is driven by the need for student transportation primarily in the United States and Canada. Within this market, we believe important demand drivers are the increasing number of students, the replacement cycle ofin-service vehicles, substitution by private contract companies as the provider of student transportation from school districts (thus requiring the purchase of new buses) and legislated replacements. Insurance providers and state legislatures are increasingly requiring replacement ofnon-conforming vans which often drives a substitution purchase of our Type A product because of its numerous legislated safety features and benefits versus traditional van products. There are more than 14,000 school districts in the United States responsible for operating approximately 500,000 school buses. Approximately 19% of the school buses sold in 20152016 were Type A buses, which we produce, and the remainder were Type B and C buses which we do not currently produce. The following chart shows the shuttle bus unit sales and U.S. school bus unit sales during the time periods shown below.

 



Shuttle BusUnitSales Sales  U.S.SchoolBusU.S. School Bus UnitSales
(in thousands)  (in thousands)

 

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Source:Management estimates and School Bus Fleet, School Bus Sales Report (2015)

Terminal truck demand is driven by replacement ofin-service fleets, growth in trade and the increased use of intermodal freight services and warehouses. We anticipate ongoing growth in global trade will result in higher future intermodal freight traffic growth. Sweeper demand is also driven by replacement ofin-service fleets by contractors and rental companies as well as growth in infrastructure and construction spending. Sweepers are used in various applications within the construction and road and highway infrastructure markets.

The sales prices for our bus and specialty vehicles can vary considerably, but generally range from $35,000 to $55,000 for Type A school buses, $40,000 to $190,000 for shuttle buses, $100,000 to $500,000 for transit buses and $25,000 to $165,000 for other specialty vehicles. We estimate that Type A school buses have useful lives of8-10 years, that shuttle buses have useful lives of5-10 years, that transit buses have useful lives of approximately 12 years and other specialty vehicles have useful lives of5-7 years.



The following chart shows the estimated amount spent in 2011 by U.S. state and local governments and municipalities for transportation and the amount projected to be spent in 2016 and 2021, together with CAGRs calculated for the time periods shown below. The trends shown in these charts,this chart, however, are not a guarantee that similar growth in U.S. state and local transportation spending will continue.

U.S. State and Local Transportation Spending

(in billions)

 

 

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Source: USGovernmentspending.com

Source:USGovernmentspending.com

Recreation Markets

The RV industry includes various types and configurations of both motorized and towable RVs of which we currently manufacture and sell Class A (diesel and gas), Class B (as a result of the recent acquisition of Midwest) and Class C motorized RVs. Motorized RVs are self-contained units built on motor vehicle chassis with their own lighting, plumbing, heating, cooking, refrigeration, sewage holding and water storage facilities. Class A RVs



are generally constructed on medium-duty chassis which are supplied complete with engine and drivetrain components by major motor vehicle manufacturers. We then design, fabricate and install the living area and driver’s compartment of these motorized RVs. Class B RVs are built on a consumer van chassis with the entire living area contained within the existing van frame. Class C RVs are built on consumer truck or van chassis which include an engine, drivetrain and a finished cab section. WeIn Class Cs we design, fabricate and install the living area to connect to the driver’s compartment and the cab section. Super Class C RVs are motorhomes built on a commercial truck or van chassis.

According to the RV Consumer Report from 2011, an industry report published by the University of Michigan, approximately nine million households in the United States own an RV. Motorized RVs are a consumer leisure purchase and therefore factors that drive demand include: consumer wealth (including the value of primary housing residences and the stock market level), consumer confidence, availability of financing and levels of disposable income. We believe end customers tend to be brand-loyal and repeat buyers who make decisions based on brand, quality, product configuration (primarily floorplan design, features and product styling), service availability and experience and price. Lifestyle trends are expected to support the growth of the RV market. We believe RVs are becoming more popular through increased interest in nature-based tourism and a growing preference for adventure travel among the growing urban populations. According to the Recreation Vehicle Industry Association, or RVIA, RV sales will continue to benefit from the aging “baby boomers” as more people enter the primary RV ownership age group of 55 to 70 years old. RVIA estimates that the number of consumers between the ages of 55 and 70 will total 56 million by 2020, 27% higher than in 2010. In addition to the growth tied to aging demographics, there are approximately 45 million active U.S. campers, many of which are outside the aforementioned demographic, representing an opportunity to expand the RV customer base.

We believe the near-term RV industry outlook is positive. Year-over-year sales have increased for fourfive years (2011 to 2015 and continuing through 2016) and participation rates continue to grow, which demonstrates a long-term trend toward RV ownership. In 2015,2016, shipments of motorized RVs exceeded 47,000were approximately 55,000 units, and approximately $3 billion of net sales, which is an increase of approximately 8% and 14%, respectively,16% compared to 20142015 according to RVIA. In particular, approximately 21,90022,700 Class A RVs were shipped in 2015,2016, which represents a volume level that is approximately 40%38% below thepre-2008 recession historical average of shipped



units from 1989 to 2007. Further, this volume level is approximately 53%51% below the industry’s peak volume in 2004 when approximately 46,000 Class A RV units were shipped. WeAccordingly, we believe industry volumes of Class A RVs, where REV’s market position is strongest, can recover to be in line with, or in excess of,pre-2008 recession historical averages.

The sales prices for our RVs can vary considerably, but generally range from $65,000 to $600,000. We estimate that RVs have useful lives of8-15 years.

Motorized RV North American Market Size

Unit 000s

 

 

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Source:RVIA

RV Participation

U.S. Households that

Own RVs

(in millions)

  

RV Ownership % of

U.S. Households


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SourceSource::       University of Michigan Study (The RV Consumer in 2011),RVdailyreport.com and U.S. Census Bureau

Our Strengths

We believe we have the following competitive strengths:

Market Leader Across All Segments with a Large Installed Base—We believe we are a market leader in each of the fire and emergency, commercial and recreation vehicle markets. Approximately 72%61% of our net sales induring the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 are in markets in which we believe we hold the first or second market share positions. We believe we are the largest manufacturer by unit volume of fire and emergency vehicles in the United States. We



also believe our Commercial segment is the #1 producer of small- andmedium-sized commercial buses as well as Type A school buses in the United States. We believe we are also a leading producer of transit buses, terminal trucks, mobility vans and street sweepers. Within our Recreation segment, we are one of the top producers of Class A diesel and gas motorized RVs with a 14%15% market share as of October 2016 and we believe we are the fastest growing manufacturer, growing our Class A RV market share by approximatelyJune 2017, which is a 120 basis points since October 2015.point improvement from 2016.

We estimate that the replacement value of our installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles across our segments is approximately $32$36 billion, which we believe is a significant competitive advantage for both new unit sales and aftermarket parts and service sales, as brand awareness drives customer loyalty and fleet owners frequently seek to standardize theirin-service fleets through repeat purchases of existing brands and product configurations. For example, one of the largest municipal fire departments in the United States has its fleet of ambulances standardized on REV branded product configuration and feature sets that satisfy this customer’s unique specifications and standards.

Broad Product Portfolio and Well-Recognized Brands—Our product portfolio is comprised of high-quality vehicles sold under 2629 well-established principal vehicle brands that in many instances pioneered their market segments. For example, the first Type A yellow school bus was developed and sold by Collins Bus and the first Type I ambulance was developed and sold by Horton. We believe our product portfolio represents the broadest product offering in our markets and enables us to attract and retain top dealers who in many instances sell multiple REV brands in their territories. Our vehicle platforms are highly customizable and can meet nearly all product specifications demanded by our customers. In each of the markets that we serve, we believe our brands are among the most recognized in the industry, representing performance, quality, reliability, durability, technological leadership and superior customer service.

Selling into Attractive, Growing End Markets—Each of our segments serves end markets that are supported by what we believe to be favorable, long-term demographic, economic and secular trends. We believe that the growing aged population in the United States will increase demand for products across all of our segments, as older demographics are a key demand driver for products such as emergency vehicles, mobility vans and RVs. In



the Fire & Emergency segment, increasing legislated changes requiring shorter replacement cycles will create a source of recurring demand for our products asin-service vehicles achieve mileage or age limits. Additionally, fire and emergency vehicle purchases fell below historical replacement rates following the 2008 recession, and we estimate the cumulativepent-up replacement demand is approximately 15,00017,500 units, which represents 144%179% of the total unit sale volume in the United States and Canada in 2015.2016. Our Commercial segment is poised to grow as a result of increasing urbanization within the United States which will require greater use of commercial buses. We believe demand for our school buses and our fire and emergency vehicles will grow with increasing state and local government spending. In addition, we believe our RV segment is poised for long-term growth driven by increased RV participation rates and market unit recoveries to historical average levels. Additionally, we believe the current U.S. camper base of 45 million people represents an opportunity to expand the RV customer base. Though our net sales are primarily derived from sales in the United States, similar positive market dynamics exist in other parts of the world providing an opportunity for future global growth in each of our segments. Only approximately 3% of our net sales in fiscal year 2016 were from sales to customers outside the United States.

Unique Scale and Business Model—As the only manufacturer of specialty vehicles across all three of our product segments and one of the largest participants in our markets by net sales, we enjoy a unique position relative to many of our competitors that we believe provides a competitive advantage and an enhanced growth profile. Many of our products contain similar purchased components, such as chassis, engines, lighting, wiring and other commodities which increase our leverage with and relevance to key suppliers. The operational processes across our different products are based on common elements, such as chassis preparation and



production, body fabrication, product assembly and painting which allow us to develop best practices across our manufacturing system and implement those processes to drive operational efficiency. Our platform also allows us to leverage the combined engineering resources and product development resources from our broad network to bring new products, features and customer specific customization to market faster. Our business model makes us more desirable to our distribution channel partners as we are able to provide them with a full line of products to address theirour mutual customers’ needs across a wider variety of price and product feature elements which gives themdealers the opportunity to sell to a larger customer base and grow their sales and earnings. Additionally, our scale allows us to more efficiently amortize investments in service locations, parts sales infrastructure and information technology tools, among others.

Business Model Produces Highly Attractive Financial Characteristics—Our core production processes are primarily design, engineering, component integration and assembly in nature, creating a business model that produces attractive financial characteristics such as a highly variable cost structure, low levels of maintenance capital expenditures as a percentage of net sales, attractive levels of return on invested capital and strong revenue visibility. Based on our historical results of operations, we estimate that across all three of our segments, approximately 85% of our cost of goods sold are comprised of direct materials (including chassis) and direct labor which are variable in nature because these costs are associated with the specific production of our vehicles in each period and therefore are adjusted within a given period based on production levels in that period. Our remaining cost of goods sold are comprised of certain indirect labor and overhead costs which are fixed or semi-variable in nature because these costs are not linked to specific vehicle volumes in a given period and the time required to adjust these levels of spending is longer and management decisions regarding these costs are made based on longer term trends and forecasts. In addition, our selling, general and administrative expenses are primarily comprised of salaried payroll expenses which we structure efficiently around the level of demand in our markets. Over the last three completed fiscal years, our capital expenditures, as a percentage of net sales, has totaled less than 2%. As a result of low levels of capital investments required and efficient use of working capital (including the taking of deposits in certain of our markets), we believe that our business produces attractive returns on invested capital. Finally, our business carries a high-quality backlog which enables strong visibility into future net sales which ranges from two to ninetwelve months depending on the product and market. This visibility into future production needs and net sales enables us to more effectively plan and predict our business.



Experienced Consolidator with Proven Ability to Integrate Acquisitions and Drive Business Improvement—Throughout our history, we have complemented organic growth with strategic acquisitions, resulting in meaningful cost and commercial synergies and accelerated growth. Over the last ten years, we have completed nine13 acquisitions across our Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation segments and continue to actively consider future potential acquisitions that complement and expand our current product portfolio. Our scale and plant network, strong end market positions, access to low cost capital and reputation as an active and effective strategic acquirer, position us favorably to continue to grow and enhance value through strategic acquisitions. The specialty vehicle market is highly fragmented with a large number of smaller producers within our existing markets as well as in new markets where we believe there would be synergies with REV. Our management team is highly experienced in integrating and improving the businesses we acquire, as evidenced by the improved financial performance of many of our acquisitions under our ownership. We believe all of these attributes position REV as an acquirer of choice in the specialty vehicles market.



The Evolution of REV

 

 

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Experienced Management Team with Proven Track Record—Our management team has an average of 2829 years of industry experience, and a demonstrated track record of managing and growing publicly-traded industrial businesses. From fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016, our management team has increased net income from $1.5 million to $30 million and Adjusted EBITDA from $62 million to $127 million, respectively, while expanding net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins approximately 148 basis points and 280 basis points, respectively, over the same period. In addition to accomplishments at REV, key members of our leadership team have also had success in other public industrial companies such as Bucyrus International, Inc. and The Manitowoc Company Inc., among others.

Our Growth Strategies

We plan to pursue several strategies to grow our earnings, expand our market share and further diversify our revenue stream, including:

Drive Margin Expansion Through Controllable Operational Initiatives—Our focus on driving operational improvement initiatives across the organization has enabled the increase of our net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins by 148 basis points and 280 basis points, respectively, from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016. Our initiatives have also resulted in improved safety results, as measured by the 36% decrease in our total



recordable incident rate in fiscal year 2016 versus the prior fiscal year. We have achieved these improvements as a result of successfully implementing lean manufacturing initiatives across the organization, consolidating procurement functions, centralizing certain commercial decision making, reducing cost of quality, improving operational and safety performance and improving the total life-cycle value proposition for our customers. We believe we have established an enterprise-wide culture focused on continuous improvement, implementing measurable performance targets and sharing of best practices across the entire organization. Our Fire & Emergency segment had Adjusted EBITDA of $85 million in fiscal year 2016, which represents an Adjusted EBITDA margin of 11%, and we are targeting to further enhance Adjusted EBITDA margins in our Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation segments over time. We continuously strive to identify and act on additional profitability improvement initiatives in many of our business units.

Develop Innovative New Customer Offerings—Due to the specific customer requirements for our products, we are continually enhancing and customizing our product offerings by introducing new features to enhance customer utility across a variety of price points. We seek to expand our addressable market by developing innovative products and services that extend our market leading combination of features, performance, quality



and price to new customer bases, new markets or new segments of existing markets. We introduced eight new products in fiscal year 2016. We currently2016 and have 11introduced 18 new products in development that are expected to be releasedso far in fiscal year 2017. We believe our process of constant innovation will not only help us increase net sales but also achieve lower costs and generate higher margins as our new products are frequently designed to leverage existing procurement relationships and for ease of manufacturability. In addition, there are multiple natural product adjacencies where REV has valuable brand equity, leading technology and cost positions where we believe we can generate strong demand for new products. For example, we introduced the 100’ Metro Quint aerial fire truck under theE-ONE brand in the first half of fiscal year 2017 to address the larger municipal market with a 100’ aerial and shorter wheelbase which improves maneuverability, and a new M1 Ambulance under the Frontline brand in fiscal year 2016 to address a lower specification segment of the ambulance market. We introduced the Sabre terminal truck in fiscal year 2015, which provided a new cab design and feature set while improving manufacturability for REV as a result of improved design features such as a weldless frame. By delivering innovative new customer offerings and customizations, we believe we can grow our net sales and market share.

Enhance Sales and Distribution Model—We believe that we are an attractive specialty vehicle OEM partner for dealers due to the breadth and quality of our product offerings, our brand recognition, our ability to produce products at varied price and feature points, as well as our aftermarket support capabilities. We intend to continue to leverage this strength to enhance our distribution network through selectively adding dealers in new territories, strengthening dealers in our existing network and expanding our direct sales and service capabilities in targeted markets. Our goal is to partner with the leading dealers in each market and to provide the necessary resources to ensure our partner dealers can best position REV products to compete successfully within their regions. We will also continue to optimize ourgo-to-market channel strategy (e.g., distribution or direct sale) based on the specific market dynamics and customer composition by region. We have historically focused on customers within the United States; however, we believe there is demand internationally for our products and we also seek to expand our distribution globally.

Accelerate Aftermarket Growth—Our end users’ largein-service fleets create strong demand for aftermarket parts in order to keep vehicles running and to support their residual value. We estimate the size of our installed base’s aftermarket parts market opportunity to be approximately $800 million annually, with significant importance placed on timely parts availability given the high cost of vehicle downtime, and our total aftermarket net sales in fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $73.8 million, $68.9 million and $64.5 million, respectively. We have formalized an aftermarket strategy and are investing in building out capabilities to take advantage of this significant, high margin opportunity across our segments. We have created a dedicated management team to oversee our aftermarket business, and are centralizing our aftermarket parts and services business to broaden



market coverage and ensure parts availability while reducing lead time. We are establishing aweb-based technology platform to provide our customers with real time data on parts availability and pricing. We also made substantial investments in our services network infrastructure including over $27 million in fiscal years 2015 and 2016, in the aggregate, for the establishment of new RTCs across the United States, development of our parts system infrastructure and the expansion of capacity across several existing service locations. In early fiscal 2017, we announced a new service partnership with Ryder Systems, Inc. where our bus customers are able to leverage Ryder’s extensive maintenance network of over 800 service locations with a program designed to deliver nationwide vehicle maintenance services. We believe we are well positioned to provide the most extensive and integrated service support network to our end customers and dealer partners.

Pursue Value Enhancing Acquisitions—We seek to pursue acquisitions which enhance our existing market positions, gain us entry to new products or markets and achieve our targeted financial returns. We have a long history of acquisitions with nine13 transactions completed over the past 10 years. Given our leadership positions within our markets and our existing facility, service and distribution network, we believe we have many inherent advantages in making acquisitions and have demonstrated the ability to successfully identify, execute and integrate acquisitions while realizing synergies. We believe that we have a clear acquisition strategy in place, targeting acquisitions with significant synergies to drive long-term value creation for shareholders. We will seek acquisitions of companies with strong brands and complementary products and distribution networks that align well with our aftermarket strategies and provide strong synergies with our existing business. In addition, we will



target acquisitions which further diversify or broaden our product offerings and geographic reach, and simultaneously produce attractive financial returns.

Recent Developments

On June 22, 2017, our wholly-owned subsidiary, ElDorado National-California (“ENC”), learned that the board of directors of the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority approved the recommendation for an award of a contract to ENC to supply 295 40-foot CNG powered transit buses. The Company anticipates that the contract will provide for an additional 305 buses or 600 buses in total over a 5-year period. Along with related optional vehicle features, spare parts and training, we estimate that this contract award may represent over $415 million in revenue over the contract life. Recently, the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority completed its administrative process which resolved a competitor’s challenge and ENC was formally awarded the contract. On September 1, 2017, ENC received an order for the initial 295 transit buses from the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. The Company anticipates making deliveries of transit buses to the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority beginning in late fiscal 2018.

On September 6, 2017 our Commercial segment announced the acquisition of AutoAbility. AutoAbility is a best-in-class mobility van “upfitter” that specializes in the manufacture of rear-access, wheelchair-accessible vehicles. AutoAbility is headquartered in Clarkston, MI and is supported by a network of 56 dealers in 74 locations throughout the United States. AutoAbility has annual revenue of approximately $8 million.

On September 29, 2017, we announced that we are combining the businesses of AutoAbility with ElDorado Mobility and will go to market under a new mobility brand called Revability.

Our Initial Public Offering

On January 26, 2017, we announced the pricing of an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of our common stock, which began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on January 27, 2017. On February 1, 2017, we completed the IPO of 12.5 million shares of common stock at a price of $22.00 per share. The Company received $275.0 million in gross proceeds from the IPO, or approximately $254.4 million in net proceeds after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses related to the IPO. The net proceeds of the IPO were used to partially pay down the Company’s existing debt. The Company redeemed the entire outstanding



balance of its Senior Secured Notes (the “Notes”), including a prepayment premium and accrued interest, plus it partially paid down a portion of the then outstanding balance of its revolving credit facility. Immediately prior to closing of the IPO, the Company completed an80-for-one stock split of its Class A common stock and Class B common stock and reclassified the Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, which was the same class as the shares sold in the IPO. All share and per share data have been retroactively restated to give effect to this stock split.

Summary Risk Factors

An investment in shares of our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Any of the factors set forth under “Risk Factors” may limit our ability to successfully execute our strategy. You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this prospectus and, in particular, you should evaluate the specific factors set forth under “Risk Factors” in deciding whether to invest in the shares of common stock. Among these important risks are the following:

 

The impact of economic factors and adverse developments in economic conditions;

 

The seasonal nature of the markets in which we operate;

 

Disruptions in the supply of vehicle chassis or other critical materials;

 

Our ability to compete with other participants in the end markets we serve;

 

Our ability to successfully identify and integrate acquisitions;

 

Our business has certain working capital requirements, and a decline in operating results may have an adverse impact on our liquidity position;

 

The realization of contingent obligations;

 

Increases in the price of commodities or impact of currency value fluctuations on the cost or price of our products;

 

Our inability to successfully manage the implementation of a Company-wide enterprise resource planning system;

 

Our reliance on the performance of dealers;

 

The availability and terms of financing available to dealers and retail purchasers;

 

Our ability to retain and attract senior management and key employees;

 

Vehicle defects, delays in new model launches, recall campaigns, or increased warranty costs;

 

Cancellations, reductions or delays in customer orders;

 

The impact of federal, state and local regulations governing our products;

 

Unforeseen or recurring operational problems at any of our facilities;facilities and catastrophic events;

 

Federal and local government spending levels;

 

Our operations and the industries in which we operate are subject to governmental laws and regulations, including relating to environmental, health and safety matters;

 

The influence of AIP over us after this offering, including its contractual right to nominate a majority of our directors and other contractual rights;

 

Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities;

 

Failure to maintain the strength and value of our brands; and

 

Our being a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules and, as a result, qualifying for, and intending to relyrelying on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

 



Our Equity Sponsor

Our primary equity holders are funds and an investment vehicle associated with AIP CF IV, LLC, which we collectively refer to as “American Industrial Partners,” “AIP” or “our Sponsor” and which indirectly own approximately 90%70.0% of our voting equity prior to giving effect to this offering. AIP is an operations and engineering-focused private equity firm headquartered in New York, New York, that has been investing in the industrial middle market for over 27 years. AIP invests when it believes it can significantly improve the underlying business’ performance through the implementation of an operating agenda to grow earnings and value—a “business building” investment strategy. As of OctoberJuly 29, 2016,2017, AIP’s assets under management were $3.8$4.5 billion from three current funds on behalf of leading pension, endowment and financial institutions.

Corporate Information

REV Group, Inc. is a privately-owned corporation organized under the laws of the state of Delaware. Prior to November 1, 2015, the Company was known as Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 111 East Kilbourn Avenue, Suite 2600, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202. Our telephone number at that address is (414)290-0190. Our website address is www.revgroup.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus, and you should not rely on any such information in making the decision whether to purchase shares of our common stock.

 



THE OFFERING

 

Common stock offered by usthe selling stockholders

12,500,00010,000,000 shares.

 

Common stock to be outstanding before and after this offering

63,697,20064,145,945 shares.

 

Option to purchase additional shares

The underwriters have an option for a period of 30 days to purchase from the selling stockholders up to 1,875,0001,500,000 additional shares of our common stock at the initial offering price less the underwriting discount.

 

Use of proceeds

We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering of our common stock will be approximately $231.4 million at an assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows: (i) first, to redeem in full our outstanding 8.500% senior secured notes due 2019 (the “Senior Secured Notes”) and (ii) second, to use the remaining proceeds, if any, to repay up to $39.3 million aggregate principal amount of loans under our senior secured asset-based lending revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the “ABL Facility”).

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock. See “Use of Proceeds.”stock in this offering.

 

Dividend policyDividends

Following the completion of this offering and subjectSubject to legally available funds and the discretion of our board of directors, we intendexpect to continue to pay a quarterly cash dividend at athe rate initially equal toof $0.05 per share on our common stock. We expect to pay athis quarterly dividend on or about the last day of the first month following each fiscal quarter to shareholders of record on the last day of such fiscal quarter. We expectOn September 7, 2017, our firstboard of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to beof $0.05 per share on our common stock, payable in respect of our secondthe fourth quarter of fiscal year 20172017. The dividend is payable on May 31,November 30, 2017 to holders of record as of October 31, 2017.

Our dividend policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to liquidity, and we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all. We cannot assure you that we will declare dividends or have sufficient funds to pay dividends on April 30, 2017, based onour common stock in the initial dividend rate specified above.future. Based on this initialour current dividend rate of $0.05 per share, and assuming we have 63,697,20064,145,945 shares of our common stock outstanding, this would result in an aggregate annual cash dividend amount of approximately $12.7$12.8 million. However, the declaration, amountSee “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and payment of any futureThis Offering—We cannot assure you that we will continue to declare dividends will be at the sole discretion ofor have sufficient funds to pay dividends on our Board of Directorscommon stock” and we may reduce or discontinue entirely the payment of such dividends at any time. See “Dividend Policy.“Dividends.

 

Risk factors

You should read the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus for a discussion of factors to consider carefully before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.

 

NYSE symbol

“REVG”



Unless we specifically state otherwise or the context otherwise requires, the number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 51,197,20064,145,945 shares of common stock outstanding as of October 29, 20165, 2017 and does not give effect to or reflect the issuance of:

 

3,746,5603,063,668 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options outstanding as of October 29, 20165, 2017 at a weighted average exercise price of $5.69$5.80 per share, including 1,955,240 stock options that will vest upon completion of this offering as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Factors Affecting Our Performance—Stock Compensation Expense”;share;

 



2,653,440
7,864,407 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plan2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of October 29, 2016;5, 2017; and

 

the redemption by us of stock options for 245,714135,593 shares of our common stock from October 30, 2016 to the dateissuable upon vesting of this prospectus; or

our issuance of 4,500 restricted stock units to independent directors in connection with this offeringoutstanding as described under “Executive Compensation—Description of Incentive Plans—Omnibus Incentive Plan” based on the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus.October 5, 2017.

Unless we specifically state otherwise or the context otherwise requires, this prospectus reflects or assumes the following:

the 80-for-one stock split of our common stock pursuant to which each share of common stock held by a holder prior to this offering will be reclassified into 80 shares effective concurrently with the closing of this offering (with us paying cash in lieu of any fractional share) has been completed (except in our historical financial statements included in this prospectus);

the adoption of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, to be effective upon the closing of this offering;

the reclassification of our outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock into one class of common stock that we will complete concurrently with the completion of the offering as described under “Description of Capital Stock—Reclassification of Class A and Class B Common Stock”;

the reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to stockholders’ equity resulting from the expiration of the employee shareholders’ put options upon the completion of this offering; and

no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase from the selling stockholders up to 1,875,0001,500,000 additional shares of our common stock in this offering.

 



SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table summarizes our consolidated financial data. The summary consolidated financial data for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 are derived from our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The following table also includes summary consolidated financial data for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, are derived from our unaudited pro formaconsolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited consolidated financial information set forth below on the same basis as our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements and have included all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, that gives effect to this offering and the use of proceeds from this offering to redeem in full all $180.0 million aggregate principal amountwe consider necessary for a fair presentation of our outstanding senior secured notes (the “Senior Secured Notes”)financial position and payoperating results for such periods.

The results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the related call premium and repay approximately $39.3 million aggregate principal amount of loans underresults that may be expected for a full year. Additionally, our ABL Facility, as if such transactions had occurred on October 29, 2016 with respect to our consolidated balance sheet data and as if such transactions had occurred on November 1, 2015 with respect to our consolidated statements of operations data.

Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. Our historical share information gives effect to the reclassification that we will complete concurrently with the completion of the offering as described in “Description of Capital Stock—Reclassification of Class A and Class B Common Stock.” The summary historical consolidated data presented below should be read in conjunction with the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial data appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

 Pro Forma
Fiscal Year

Ended
October 29,

2016(1)
  Fiscal Year Ended   Nine Months Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
  July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 
(in thousands except per share data)           (unaudited)             

Net sales

 $1,925,999   $1,925,999   $1,735,081   $1,721,116    $1,583,855   $1,381,247   $1,925,999   $1,735,081   $1,721,116 

Cost of sales

 1,696,068   1,696,068   1,553,127   1,557,877     1,385,485    1,223,635    1,696,068    1,553,127    1,557,877 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Gross profit

 229,931   229,931   181,954   163,239     198,370    157,612    229,931    181,954    163,239 

Operating expenses:

              

Selling, general and administrative

 139,771   139,771   102,309   111,820     139,678    97,901    139,771    102,309    111,820 

Research and development costs

 4,815   4,815   5,106   8,275     3,360    3,763    4,815    5,106    8,275 

Restructuring costs(2)

 3,521   3,521   3,869   3,376  

Amortization of intangibles

 9,423   9,423   8,586   8,790  

Restructuring(1)

   3,479    2,807    3,521    3,869    3,376 

Amortization of intangible assets

   10,417    6,948    9,423    8,586    8,790 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total operating expenses

 157,530   157,530   119,870   132,261     156,934    111,419    157,530    119,870    132,261 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Operating income

 72,401   72,401   62,084   30,978     41,436    46,193    72,401    62,084    30,978 

Interest expense

 9,238   29,158   27,272   26,195  

Interest expense, net

   15,453    20,828    29,158    27,272    26,195 

Loss on early extinguishment of debt(2)

   11,920    —      —      —      —   
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

 63,163   43,243   34,812   4,783     14,063    25,365    43,243    34,812    4,783 

Provision for income taxes

 20,161   13,050   11,935   3,295     5,362    7,254    13,050    11,935    3,295 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Net income

 $43,002   $30,193   $22,877   $1,488    $8,701   $18,111   $30,193   $22,877   $1,488 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Basic Earnings Per Share:

              

Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding(3)

              

Basic

  —     51,587,164   52,761,380   52,789,250     59,617,447    51,706,320    51,587,164    52,761,380    52,789,250 

Diluted

  —     51,773,685   52,818,969   52,797,431     61,301,236    52,132,720    51,773,685    52,818,969    52,797,431 

Earnings per share of common stock(3)

    

Income per common share(3)

          

Basic

  —     $0.59   $0.43   $0.03    $0.15   $0.35   $0.59   $0.43   $0.03 

Diluted

  —     $0.58   $0.43   $0.03    $0.14   $0.35   $0.58   $0.43   $0.03 

Pro Forma Earnings Per Share:

    

Pro forma weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding(4)

    

Basic

 64,087,164    —      —      —    

Diluted

 64,273,685    —      —      —    

Pro forma earnings per share of common stock(4)

    

Basic

 0.67    —      —      —    

Diluted

 0.67    —      —      —    

Dividends declared per common share

  $0.10   $—      —      —      —   

 



   Nine Months Ended  Fiscal Year Ended 
   July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
  October 29,
2016
  October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
 
($ in thousands except percentages)  (unaudited)          

Other Financial Data:

      

Capital expenditures

  $49,891  $19,525  $48,542  $15,430  $12,067 

Net income

   8,701   18,111   30,193   22,877   1,488 

Net income margin(4)

   0.5  1.3  1.6  1.3  0.1

Adjusted EBITDA(5)

   104,140   80,841   127,203   90,126   61,513 

Adjusted EBITDA Margin(5)

   6.6  5.9  6.4  5.2  3.6

Adjusted Net Income(5)

   46,677   34,233   55,049   34,017   14,457 

Backlog(6)

   951,525   870,851   857,256   702,839   701,176 

 

  Fiscal Year Ended
 
  October 29,
2016
  October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
 
($ in thousands except percentages)         

Other Financial Data:

   

Capital expenditures

 $48,542   $15,430   $12,067  

Net income

  30,193    22,877    1,488  

Net income margin(5)

  1.6  1.3  0.1

Adjusted EBITDA(6)

  127,203    90,126    61,513  

Adjusted EBITDA Margin(6)

  6.4  5.2  3.6

Adjusted Net Income(6)

  55,049    34,017    14,457  

Backlog(7)

  857,256    702,839    701,176  

 As of October 29,
2016
 
 Pro
Forma(1)
 Actual   As of July 29,
2017
   As of October 29,
2016
 
(in thousands)       (unaudited)     

Balance Sheet Data:

      

Cash and cash equivalents

 $10,821   $10,821    $14,132   $10,821 

Property, plant and equipment, net

  
146,422
  
 146,422     207,634    146,422 

Total assets

 889,019   889,019     1,246,082    889,019 

Total liabilities

 404,830   628,803     698,333    628,803 

Contingently redeemable common stock

  —     22,293     —      22,293 

Total shareholders’ equity

 484,189   237,923     547,749    237,923 

 

(1)Pro forma results give effect toIn the sale by usthird quarter of 12,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us and the application of the net proceeds to be received by us from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds,” as if such transactions had occurred on October 29, 2016 with respect to our consolidated balance sheet data and as if such transactions had occurred on November 1, 2015 with respect to our consolidated statements of operations data. The pro forma adjustments to our consolidated statements of operations data represent a decrease of $19.9 million of interest expense for fiscal year 2016. The pro forma interest expense adjustment represents $19.1 million of interest expense related to our Senior Secured Notes (defined below, based on a rate of 8.5% and including amortization of capitalized debt issuance costs and original issue discount) and $0.9 million of interest expense related to our ABL Facility (defined below, based on a weighted-average interest rate of 2.2%) for fiscal year 2016. Pro forma results also give effect to2017, the reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to stockholders’ equity resulting from the expiration of the employee shareholders’ put options upon the completion of this offering. Pro forma adjustments to our consolidated statements of operations data exclude: (i) a loss on debt extinguishment that we expect to incur after using the net proceeds from this offering which includes the write off of previously capitalized debt issuance costs of $3.5 million, the write off of the remaining unamortized original issue discount of $0.5 million and call premium of $7.7 million related to the Senior Secured Notes, (ii) additional non-recurring stock compensation expense of $3.9 million resulting from the vesting of 1,109,240 stock options which will vest upon the completion of this offering and (iii) additional non-recurring stock compensation expense of $15.2 million resulting from the re-valuation of outstanding liability option awards based on the midpoint price of $20.00 per share and the accelerated vesting of 846,000 of those liability option awards. Pro forma balance sheet data excludes the reclassification of the fair value of liability option awards to shareholders’ equity.

(2)Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal years 2016 and 2015 are related to the Company’s restructuringCompany restructured some of its management functions (including the move ofin its corporate headquarters from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin)Commercial segment and various product lines including, but not limited to, severancein its Corporate office and discontinued product costs. Restructuring costs in fiscal year 2015 include $3.9 million ofincurred personnel costs, including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8employee benefit payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.restructuring costs remained unpaid. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, KansasKS and Imlay City, Michigan. In connectionMI facilities. The Company recognized $2.0 million of costs associated with this plan, the Company incurredrelocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs related to severance and relocation costs duringwere recognized in fiscal year 2016. The Company expects to recognize additional restructuring costs related to the completion of this plan in fiscal year 2017.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2.8 million of costs associated with thisre-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2015 represent costs related to a restructuring of the Company’s management functions and various product lines, and include $3.9 million of personnel costs including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2014 represent costs related to the Monaco RV (“MRV”) and SJC Industries, Inc. (“SJC”) acquisitions and include $3.4 million of personnel costs, including severance, bonuses, vacation and dealer and distributor reassignment and a charge of $4.1 million of costs related to the disposition of inventory for discontinued products through discounted sales and returning material to vendors at a discount. Restructuring costs related to inventory are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

 

(2)Includes prepayment premiums and write-offs of unamortized debt issuance costs and original issue discount recognized upon the redemption of our Notes in February 2017, as well as the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs from the Company’s previous revolving credit facility as a result of the Company’s ABL refinancing in April 2017.



(3)A reconciliation of the denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock is as follows:

 

  Nine Months Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
  Fiscal Year Ended   July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 
  October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
   (unaudited)             

Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

   51,587,164     52,761,380     52,789,250     59,617,447    51,706,320    51,587,164    52,761,380    52,789,250 

Dilutive stock options

   186,521     57,589     8,181     1,670,652    426,400    186,521    57,589    8,181 

Dilutive restricted stock units

   13,137    —      —      —      —   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

   51,773,685     52,818,969     52,797,431     61,301,236    52,132,720    51,773,685    52,818,969    52,797,431 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

(4)The denominator used in the calculation of the pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock gives effect to the sale by us of 12,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering. A reconciliation of the denominator used in the calculation of the pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock is as follows:

Pro Forma Fiscal
Year Ended
October 29, 2016

Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

51,587,164

Shares of common stock sold in this offering

12,500,000

Pro forma basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

64,087,164

Dilutive stock options

186,521

Pro forma diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

64,273,685

(5)Net income margin is defined as net income divided by total net sales.

 

(6)(5)In considering the financial performance of the business, management analyzes the primary financial performance measures of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income for the relevant period before depreciation and amortization, interest expense, and provision (benefit) for income taxes and loss on early extinguishment of debt, as adjusted for certain items described below that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing operating performance. Adjusted Net Income is defined as net income (loss), as adjusted for certain items described below that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing operating performance. Neither Adjusted EBITDA nor Adjusted Net Income is a measure defined by GAAP. The most directly comparable GAAP measure to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income is net income for the relevant period.

Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA, without giving effect to the impact of the acquisition of KME as described in footnote (f) below, divided by total net sales.

We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are useful to investors and are used by our management for measuring profitability because these measures exclude the impact of certain items which we believe have less bearing on our core operating performance because they are items that are not needed or available to the Company’s managers in the daily activities of their businesses. We believe that the core operations of our business are those which can be affected by the Company’s management in a particular period through their resource allocation decisions that affect the underlying performance of our specialty vehicle operations conducted during that period. We also believe that decisions utilizing Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income allow for a more meaningful comparison of operating fundamentals between companies within our markets by eliminating the impact of capital structure and taxation differences between the companies. To determine Adjusted EBITDA, we further adjust net income for the following items:non-cash depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense andnon-cash purchase accounting. Stock-based compensation expense is excluded because it is an expense that is measured based upon external inputs such as the Company’s current share price and the movement of share price of peer companies, which cannot be impacted by the Company’s business managers. Stock-based compensation expense also reflects a cost which may obscure trends in our underlying vehicle businesses for a given period, due to the timing and nature of the equity awards.

We also adjust for exceptional items which are determined to be those that in management’s judgment need to be disclosed by virtue of their size, nature or incidence, which includenon-cash items and items settled in cash. In determining whether an event or transaction is exceptional, management considers quantitative as well as qualitative factors such as the frequency or predictability of occurrence. This is consistent with the way that financial performance is measured by management and reported to our Board of Directors, assists in providing a meaningful analysis of our operating performance and used as a measurement in incentive compensation for management. Based on the foregoing factors, management considers the adjustments for loss on early extinguishment of debt,non-cash purchase accounting, bargain purchase gain and the impact of the KME acquisition to be exceptional items.



Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income have limitations as analytical tools. These are not presentations made in accordance with GAAP, nor are they measures of financial condition and they should not be considered as an alternative to net income or net loss for the period determined in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. As a result, you should not consider this performance measure in isolation from, or as a substitute analysis for, our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, such measures do not reflect:

 

our cash expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

 

changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

 

the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt and, in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, excluding interest expense; and

 

the cash requirements to pay our taxes and, in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, excluding income tax expense.



The following table reconciles net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended   Nine Months Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
(in thousands)  October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
   July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Net income

  $30,193    $22,877    $1,488    $8,701   $18,111  ��$30,193   $22,877   $1,488 

Depreciation and amortization

   24,593     19,084     18,901     26,811    17,115    24,593    19,084    18,901 

Interest expense

   29,158     27,272     26,195  

Interest expense, net

   15,453    20,828    29,158    27,272    26,195 

Provision for income taxes

   13,050     11,935     3,295     5,362    7,254    13,050    11,935    3,295 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

EBITDA

   96,994     81,168     49,879     56,327    63,308    96,994    81,168    49,879 

Transaction expenses(a)

   1,629     —       1,166     2,742    1,581    1,629    —      1,166 

Sponsor expenses(b)

   219     1,069     2,093     418    150    219    1,069    2,093 

Restructuring costs(c)

   3,521     4,652     7,516     3,479    2,807    3,521    4,652    7,516 

Stock-based compensation expense(d)

   19,692     3,237     859     26,131    12,298    19,692    3,237    859 

Non-cash purchase accounting(e)

   770     —       —       3,123    697    770    —      —   

Impact of KME acquisition(f)

   4,378     N/A     N/A  

Loss on early extinguishment of debt(f)

   11,920    —      —      —      —   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $127,203    $90,126    $61,513    $104,140   $80,841   $122,825   $90,126   $61,513 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 (a)Reflects costs incurred in connection with business acquisitions.

 

 (b)Reflects the reimbursement of expenses to AIP, the Company’s primary equity holder.

 

 (c)Restructuring costs incurred inIn the third quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2015 are related toyear 2017, the Company’s restructuringCompany restructured some of its management functions (including the move ofin its corporate headquarters from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin)Commercial segment and various product lines including, but not limited to, severancein its Corporate office and discontinued product costs. Restructuring costs in fiscal year 2015 include $3.9 million ofincurred personnel costs, including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8employee benefit payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.restructuring costs remained unpaid. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, KansasKS and Imlay City, Michigan.MI facilities. The Company recognized $2.0 million of costs associated with the relocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs were recognized in fiscal year 2016.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2.8 million of costs associated with thisre-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2015 represent costs related to a restructuring of the Company’s management functions and various product lines, and include $3.9 million of personnel costs including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2014 represent costs related to the MRV and SJC acquisitions and include $3.4 million of personnel costs, including severance, bonuses, vacation and dealer and distributor reassignment and a charge of $4.1 million of costs related to the disposition of inventory for discontinued products through discounted sales and returning material to vendors at a discount. Restructuring costs related to inventory are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The nature and amount of such restructuring costs vary significantly based on the number of completed acquisitions and the size and timing of related and other restructuring programs. By excluding the referenced expenses from theCompany’s non-GAAP financial measures, management is able to further evaluate the Company’s ability to utilize existing assets and estimate their long-term value. Furthermore, management believes that the adjustment of these items are useful to investors by supplementing the GAAP information with an additional measure that can be used to assess the Company’s operating performance.

 

 (d)

Reflects expenses associated with stock-based compensation. For the nine months ended July 29, 2017, stock-based compensation expense included $13.3 million for the remeasurement of liability awards to our IPO share price, $8.9 million related to the accelerated vesting of liability awards and stock options resulting from our IPO and $3.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For the nine months ended July 30, 2016, stock based compensation expense included $10.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For fiscal year 2016, stock-based compensation expense included $10.3 million for the accelerated vesting of stock options held by former employees, which were subsequently redeemed for cash. Approximately $6.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for fiscal year 2016 related to thenon-cash remeasurement of outstanding liability awards to fair value. The remeasurement of the liability awards was required as a result of the Company becoming a public entity after the filing of thisthe Company’s prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). in connection with its IPO. The remaining stock-based compensation expense of $2.9 million for fiscal year 2016 was a non-cash charge for stock options vesting on their normal vesting

 



 non-cash charge for stock options vesting on their normal vesting schedule that were not repurchased by us as described above. Except for the additional non-cash stock compensation expense which will be recognized concurrently with the immediate vesting of stock options as a result of this offering (as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting Our Performance—Stock Compensation Expense”), weWe do not expect that such accelerated vesting, the remeasurement of outstanding liability awards and repurchase of outstanding stock options will be an ongoing cost following completion of this offering.our IPO. For this reason, following the completion of this offering, we expect substantially all of our future stock-based compensation expense to be anon-cash expense that follows a normal vesting schedule. The Company will not record any stock-based compensation expense as a result of this offering.

 

 (e)For fiscal year 2016, reflectsReflects the amortization of the difference between the book valuefair market and fair marketbook value of certain acquired inventory whichthat was sold.subsequently sold after the acquisition date.

 

 (f)Reflects management’s estimateIncludes prepayment premiums and write-offs of Adjusted EBITDAunamortized debt issuance costs and original issue discount recognized upon the redemption of KME forour Notes in February 2017, as well as the periodwrite-off of timeunamortized debt issuance costs from the beginningCompany’s previous revolving credit facility as a result of the Company’s fiscal year 2016 through the date of acquisitionABL refinancing in April 2016.2017.

The following table reconciles net income to Adjusted Net Income for the periods presented:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended   Nine Months Ended Fiscal Year Ended 
(in thousands)  October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
   July 29,
2017
 July 30,
2016
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 

Net income

  $30,193   $22,877   $1,488    $8,701  $18,111  $30,193  $22,877  $1,488 

Amortization of intangibles

   9,423   8,586   8,790  

Amortization of intangible assets

   10,417  6,948  9,423  8,586  8,790 

Transaction expenses(a)

   1,629    —     1,166     2,742  1,581  1,629   —    1,166 

Sponsor expenses(b)

   219   1,069   2,093     418  150  219  1,069  2,093 

Restructuring costs(c)

   3,521   4,652   7,516     3,479  2,807  3,521  4,652  7,516 

Stock-based compensation expense(d)

   19,692   3,237   859     26,131  12,298  19,692  3,237  859 

Non-cash purchase accounting(e)

   770    —      —       3,123  697  770   —     —   

Impact of KME acquisition(f)

   2,953   N/A   N/A  

Loss on early extinguishment of debt(f)

   11,920   —     —     —     —   

Income tax effect of adjustments(g)

   (13,351 (6,404 (7,455   (20,254 (8,359 (13,351 (6,404 (7,455
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Adjusted Net Income

  $55,049   $34,017   $14,457    $46,677  $34,233  $52,096  $34,017  $14,457 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

 (a)Reflects costs incurred in connection with business acquisitions.

 

 (b)Reflects the reimbursement of expenses to AIP, the Company’s primary equity holder.

 

 (c)Restructuring costs incurred inIn the third quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2015 are related toyear 2017, the Company’s restructuringCompany restructured some of its management functions (including the move ofin its corporate headquarters from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin)Commercial segment and various product lines including, but not limited to, severancein its Corporate office and discontinued product costs. Restructuring costs in fiscal year 2015 include $3.9 million ofincurred personnel costs, including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8employee benefit payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.restructuring costs remained unpaid. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, KansasKS and Imlay City, Michigan.MI facilities. The Company recognized $2.0 million of costs associated with the relocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs were recognized in fiscal year 2016.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2.8 million of costs associated with thisre-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2015 represent costs related to a restructuring of the Company’s management functions and various product lines, and include $3.9 million of personnel costs including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2014 represent costs related to the MRV and SJC acquisitions and include $3.4 million of personnel costs, including severance, bonuses, vacation and dealer and distributor reassignment and a charge of $4.1 million of costs related to the disposition of inventory for discontinued products through discounted sales and returning material to vendors at a discount. Restructuring costs related to inventory are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The nature and amount of such restructuring costs vary significantly based on the number of completed acquisitions and the size and timing of related and other restructuring programs. By excluding the referenced expenses from theCompany’s non-GAAP financial measures, management is able to further evaluate the Company’s ability to utilize existing assets and estimate their long-term value. Furthermore, management believes that the adjustment of these items are useful to investors by supplementing the GAAP information with an additional measure that can be used to assess the Company’s operating performance.

 



 (d)

Reflects expenses associated with stock-based compensation. For the nine months ended July 29, 2017, stock-based compensation expense included $13.3 million for the remeasurement of liability awards to our IPO share price, $8.9 million related to the accelerated vesting of liability awards and stock options resulting from our IPO and $3.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For the nine months ended July 30, 2016, stock based compensation expense included $10.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For fiscal year 2016, stock-based compensation expense included $10.3 million for the accelerated vesting of stock options held by former employees, which were subsequently redeemed for cash. Approximately $6.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for fiscal year 2016 related to thenon-cash remeasurement of outstanding liability awards to fair value. The remeasurement of the liability awards was required as a result of the Company becoming a public entity after the filing of thisthe Company’s prospectus with the SEC.SEC in connection with its IPO. The remaining stock-based compensation expense of $2.9 million for fiscal year 2016 was anon-cash charge for stock options vesting on their normal vesting schedule that were not repurchased by us as described above. Except for the additional non-cash stock compensation expense which will be recognized concurrently with the immediate vesting of stock options as a result of this offering (as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition



and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting Our Performance—Stock Compensation Expense”), weWe do not expect that such accelerated vesting, the remeasurement of outstanding liability awards and repurchase of outstanding stock options will be an ongoing cost following completion of this offering.our IPO. For this reason, following the completion of this offering, we expect substantially all of our future stock-based compensation expense to be anon-cash expense that follows a normal vesting schedule. The Company will not record any stock-based compensation expense as a result of this offering.

 

 (e)For fiscal year 2016, reflectsReflects the amortization of the difference between the bookfair market value and fair marketbook value of certain acquired inventory whichthat was sold.subsequently sold after the acquisition date.

 

 (f)Reflects management’s estimateIncludes prepayment premiums and write-offs of pre-tax incomeunamortized debt issuance costs and original issue discount recognized upon the redemption of KME forour Notes in February 2017, as well as the periodwrite-off of timeunamortized debt issuance costs from the beginningCompany’s previous revolving credit facility as a result of the Company’s fiscal year 2016 through the date of acquisitionABL refinancing in April 2016, as offset by $0.4 million in additional interest expense assuming the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2015.2017.

 

 (g)Tax effect of adjustments using a 36.5% effective tax rate except for certain transaction expenses.

 

(7)(6)“Backlog” represents orders received from dealers or directly from end customers. Backlog does not include purchase options or verbal orders.

 



RISK FACTORS

Investing in shares of our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition could suffer materially, the trading price of shares of our common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business.

Risks Relating to Our Business

Our business is affected by economic factors and adverse developments in economic conditions could have an adverse effect on the demand for our products and the results of our operations.

Our business is impacted by the U.S. economic environment, employment levels, consumer confidence, changes in interest rates and instability in securities markets around the world, among other factors. In particular, changes in the U.S. economic climate could result in reduced demand in key end markets.

Motorized recreational vehicle (“RV”) purchases are discretionary in nature and therefore sensitive to wholesale and retail financing, consumer confidence, unemployment levels, disposable income and changing levels of consumer home equity. These factors result in RVs being discretionary purchases. The 2008 recession caused consumers to reduce their discretionary spending, which negatively affected our sales volumes for RVs. Terminal truck sales volumes are also impacted by economic conditions and industrial output, as these factors impact ourend-market customers for these products, which include shipping ports, trucking/distribution hubs and rail terminal operators. Although RV and terminal truck sales have increased in recent years, these markets are affected by U.S. and global general economic conditions, which create risks that future economic downturns will further reduce consumer demand and negatively impact our sales.

While less economically sensitive than the Recreation segment, our Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments are also impacted by the overall economic environment. Local tax revenues are an important source of funding for fire and emergency response departments. Reduced municipal tax revenues resulting from the 2008 recession led to a decline in these markets. As fire and emergency apparatus and school buses are typically a larger cost item for municipalities and their service life is very long, their purchase is more deferrable. This can result in cyclicality in certain of our end markets, which in turn may result in fluctuations in our sales and results of operations.

In addition, while we estimate that there is significantpent-up replacement demand in certain of our end markets, that estimate has not been independently verified and is based on certain assumptions that may not prove to be accurate. As a result, these estimates could differ materially from actual demand and, to the extent the increase in demand is attributable topent-up replacement demand rather than overall economic growth, future sales may lag behind improvements in general economic conditions. Furthermore, we cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

A decrease in employment levels, consumer confidence or the availability of financing, other adverse economic events, or the failure of actual demand for our products to meet our estimates, could negatively affect the demand for our products. Any decline in overall customer demand in markets in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our operating performance.

Some of the markets in which we compete are seasonal, which results in fluctuations in sales and results of operations.

We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant variability in sales, production and net income as a result of seasonality in our Recreation segment. Since RVs are used primarily by vacationers and

campers, demand in the RV industry generally declines during the fall and winter months, while sales and profits are generally highest during the spring and summer months. Dealer demand and buying patterns may impact the timing of shipments from one quarter to another. In addition, severe weather conditions in some geographic areas may delay the timing of shipments from one quarter to another. Consequently, the results for any annual or quarterly prior period may not be indicative of results for any future annual or quarterly period.

Certain of our other products, such as school buses, have also historically been, and are expected to continue to be, seasonal. This seasonality has an impact on the comparability of our quarterly results. Moreover, weak macroeconomic conditions can adversely affect demand for certain of our products and lead to an overall aging of product fleets beyond a typical replacement cycle. During economic downturns that would result in lower demand of our vehicles, we may find it necessary to reduce production line rates and employee headcount. An economic downturn may reduce, and in the past has reduced, demand in all of our segments, resulting in lower sales volumes, lower prices and decreased operating profits or losses. Additionally, our business is subject to seasonal and other fluctuations. In particular, we have historically experienced higher sales during the third quarter and fourth quarter versus the first quarter and second quarter during each fiscal year. This seasonality is caused primarily by school districts ordering more school buses prior to the beginning of a school year, the consumer buying habits for RVs, municipal spending and budget cycles, the impact of travel and construction in the summer months, as well as how certain seasonal months aggregate into our fiscal quarters which are different than calendar quarters. Our ability to meet customer delivery schedules is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, access to components and raw materials, an adequate and capable workforce, assembling/engineering expertise for certain projects and sufficient manufacturing capacity. The availability of these factors may in some cases be subject to conditions outside of our control. A failure to deliver in accordance with our performance obligations may result in financial penalties under certain of our contracts and damage to existing customer relationships, damage to our reputation and a loss of future bidding opportunities, which could cause the loss of future business and could negatively impact our financial performance.

A disruption, termination or alteration of the supply of vehicle chassis or other critical components from third-party suppliers could materially adversely affect the sales of our products.

Our sales and our manufacturing processes depend on the supply of manufactured vehicle chassis and other critical components such as engines, transmissions and axles from major auto manufacturers and other original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), including Allison Transmission, Chrysler, Cummins, Ford, Freightliner, General Motors, Navistar and Volvo, among others. For the standardized, mass-produced chassis models, we convert the chassis for our customers under approved “authorized converter” agreements with the OEMs. We have tailored our products and processes to the specifications of these OEM agreements, and have built customer expectations and planning around these designs. We are therefore reliant on a consistent supply of chassis and the maintenance of our status as “approved converters” in order to maintain our sales. If these manufacturers experience production delays, we may receive a lower allocation of chassis than anticipated, or if the quality or design of their chassis changes, or if these manufacturers implement recalls, we could incur significant costs or disruptions to our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our net sales, financial condition, profitability and/or cash flows. For example, Ford recently announced a recall with respect to certain Transit model van chassis used in certain of our products. We mayare currently reviewing the potential impact of this recall, which is limited to timing of product shipments, and we are attempting to mitigate the impact through substitutions and timing of the remediation process. We also carry increased inventory to protect against these concerns, which may negatively impact our results of operations. Additionally, certain important components that we use in our vehicles, such as engines and transmissions, are produced by a limited number of qualified suppliers and any disruption in their supply of such components to us would have a negative impact on our business.

Volatility in the financial markets generally, and in the truck and automotive sectors in particular, could impact the financial viability of certain of our key third-party suppliers, or could cause them to exit certain business lines, or change the terms on which they are willing to provide products. During the 2008-2010 automotive industry crisis, many vehicle manufacturers, including Ford and General Motors, idled factories and reduced their output of vehicle chassis. A recurrence of that crisis or another similar development could lead to difficulties in meeting our customers’ demands and reduce our overall sales volume. Further, any changes in quality or design, capacity limitations, shortages of raw materials or other problems could result in shortages or

delays in the supply of vehicle chassis or components to us. Our business, operating results and financial condition could suffer if our suppliers reduce output or introduce new chassis models that are unpopular with our customers or are incompatible with our current product designs or production process.

We face intense competition in our markets, which may harm our financial performance and growth prospects.

We operate in a highly competitive environment in each of the markets we serve and we face competition in each of our product segments from numerous competitors. We compete principally on the basis of client-specific customization, product quality and reliability, breadth of product offering, manufacturing capability and flexibility, technical capability, product innovation, customer service, after-sales support, delivery times and price. Certain of our competitors are smaller companies which may have lower operating costs and greater operational flexibility, and may have focus on regional markets where they have competitive advantages of proximity and relationships with local municipalities or other regional customers. Other of our competitors are large, well-established companies with capacity, financial and other resources that may be in excess of ours. Additionally, companies that are not currently competitors but that are involved in the specialty vehicle market (such as a supplier) or that operate in an adjacent market (such as a producer of mainstream cars and trucks) could choose to enter the specialty vehicle market.

Our profitability is sensitive to changes in the balance between supply and demand in the specialty vehicle market. Competitors having lower operating costs than we do will have a competitive advantage over us with respect to products that are particularly price-sensitive. New manufacturing facilities may be built or idle production lines may be activated. Additionally, imbalances in the regional supply and demand for our products could result in increased competition in the markets in which we compete.

We may also face competition from companies developingzero-emissions specialty vehicles or other technologies to minimize emissions. Competition from these companies could make our specialty vehicles less desirable in the market place.

As a result of the foregoing factors, we may lose customers or be forced to reduce prices, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we are unable to successfully identify and integrate acquisitions, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Acquisitions have been and are likely to continue to be a significant component of our growth strategy. From time to time we seek to identify and complete acquisitions. Our historical acquisitions include MRV and certain assets of SJC in early 2013, the Thor Bus Acquisition in late 2013, and KME in April 2016.2016, Renegade in December 2016, Ferrara and Midwest in April 2017 and AutoAbility in September 2017. We may continue making strategic acquisitions in the future. We cannot assure you that our previous or future acquisitions will be successful or will generate the financial benefits that we expected we would achieve at the time of acquisition.

In addition, there can be no assurance that we will be able to locate suitable acquisition candidates in the future or acquire them on acceptable terms or, because of competition in the marketplace and limitations imposed by the agreements governing our indebtedness or the availability of capital, that we will be able to finance future

acquisitions. Acquisitions involve special risks, including, without limitation, the potential assumption of unanticipated liabilities and contingencies, difficulty in assimilating the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses, disruption of our existing business, dissipation of our limited management resources and impairment of relationships with employees and customers of the acquired business as a result of changes in ownership. While we believe that strategic acquisitions can improve our competitiveness and profitability, these activities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We may incur significant costs such as transaction fees, professional service fees and other costs related to future acquisitions. We may also incur integration costs following the completion of any such acquisitions as we integrate the acquired business with the rest of our Company. Although we expect that the realization of efficiencies related to the integration of any acquired businesses will offset the incremental transaction and acquisition-related costs over time, this net financial benefit may not be achieved in the near term, or at all.

If we are required to write down goodwill or other intangible assets, our financial condition and operating results would be negatively affected.

We have a substantial amount of goodwill and other finite and indefinite-lived intangible assets on our balance sheet as a result of acquisitions we have completed. If we determine goodwill and other intangible assets are impaired, we will be required to write down all or a portion of these assets. Any write-downs would have a negative effect on our results of operations.

The method to compute the amount of impairment incorporates quantitative data and qualitative criteria including new information and highly subjective judgments that can dramatically change the determination of the valuation of an intangible asset in a very short period of time. These determinations are sensitive to minor changes in underlying assumptions as management’s assumptions change with more information becoming available. The timing and amount of realized losses reported in earnings could vary if management’s conclusions were different. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations for any particular quarterly or annual period.

Our business has meaningful working capital requirements and a decline in access to financing or operating results may have an adverse impact on our liquidity position.

Our business has meaningful working capital requirements. We had $260$302.0 million of long-term debt outstanding as of OctoberJuly 29, 2016.2017. Our ability to make required payments of principal and interest on our debt will depend on our future performance, which, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, political and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, conditions could arise that could limit our ability to generate sufficient cash flows or access borrowings to enable us to fund our liquidity needs, which could further limit our financial flexibility or impair our ability to obtain alternative financing sufficient to repay our debt at maturity.

Our access to debt financing at competitive risk-based interest rates is partly a function of our credit ratings. A downgrade to our credit ratings could increase our interest rates, could limit our access to public debt markets, could limit the institutions willing to provide us credit facilities, and could make any future credit facilities or credit facility amendments more costly and/or difficult to obtain.

We believe that our cash on hand, together with funds generated by our operations proceeds from this offering and borrowings under our April 2017 ABL Facility, will provide us with sufficient liquidity and capital resources to meet our working capital, capital expenditures and other operating needs for the foreseeable future. Significant assumptions underlie this belief however, including, among other things, assumptions relating to future sales volumes, the successful implementation of our business strategies, the continuing availability of trade credit from certain key suppliers and that there will be no material adverse developments in our competitive market position, business, liquidity or capital requirements. Any failure to achieve earnings expectations may have an adverse impact on

our available liquidity. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will continue to have sufficient liquidity to meet our operating needs. In the event that we do not have sufficient liquidity, we may be required to seek additional capital, reduce or cut back our operating activities, capital expenditures or otherwise alter our business strategy. If we obtain additional capital by issuing equity, the interests of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we incur additional debt, the agreements governing that debt may contain significant financial and other covenants that may materially restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that we could obtain refinancing or additional financing on favorable terms or at all.

We have meaningful contingent obligations, which could negatively impact our results of operations.

We have meaningful contingent liabilities with respect to certain items that, if realized, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. In particular, we obtain certain vehicle chassis from automobile manufacturers under converter pool agreements. Upon being put into production, we become obligated to pay the manufacturer for the chassis. Chassis are typically converted and

delivered to customers within 90 to 120 days of receipt. If the chassis are not converted within this timeframe of delivery, we generally purchase the chassis and record it as inventory or we are obligated to begin paying an interest charge on this inventory until purchased. Additionally, we have entered into repurchase agreements with certain lending institutions and are party to multiple agreements whereby we guarantee indebtedness of others, including losses under loss pool agreements. While we do not expect to experience material losses under these agreements, we cannot provide any assurance that these contingent liabilities will not be realized. See Note 18 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus for additional discussion of these contingent liabilities.

Our April 2017 ABL Facility contains,and Term Loan Agreement contain, and agreements governing future indebtedness may contain, restrictive covenants that may impair our ability to access sufficient capital and operate our business.

Our April 2017 ABL Facility containsand Term Loan Agreement contain various provisions that limit our ability to, among other things:

 

incur additional indebtedness;

 

incur certain liens;

 

consolidate or merge with other parties;

 

alter the business conducted by us and our subsidiaries;

 

make investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions;

 

sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries;

 

enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions;

 

pay dividends on capital stock or issue, redeem, repurchase or retire capital stock or certain other indebtedness;

 

engage in transactions with affiliates; and

 

enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends.

In addition, the restrictive covenants in our April 2017 ABL Facility and Term Loan Agreement require us to maintain specified financial ratios and other business or financial conditions. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—April 2017 ABL Facility”Facility and Term Loan” and “Description of Certain Indebtedness.” Our ability to comply with those financial ratios or other covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, and our failure to comply with these ratios or other covenants could result in an event of default. These covenants may affect our ability to

operate and finance our business as we deem appropriate. Our inability to meet obligations as they become due or to comply with various financial covenants contained in the instruments governing our current or future indebtedness could constitute an event of default under the instruments governing our indebtedness.

If there were an event of default under our April 2017 ABL Facility, Term Loan Agreement or any future instruments governing our indebtedness, the holders of the affected indebtedness could declare all of the affected indebtedness immediately due and payable, which, in turn, could cause the acceleration of the maturity of all of our other indebtedness. We may not have sufficient funds available, or we may not have access to sufficient capital from other sources, to repay any accelerated debt. Even if we could obtain additional financing, the terms of the financing may not be favorable to us. In addition, substantially all of our assets are subject to liens securing our April 2017 ABL Facility.Facility and Term Loan. If amounts outstanding under our April 2017 ABL Facility or Term Loan were accelerated, our lenders could foreclose on these liens and we could lose substantially all of our assets. Any event of default under the instruments governing our indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Increases in the price of commodities or impact of currency value fluctuations on the cost or price of our products could impact our ability to sustain and grow earnings.

Our manufacturing processes consume significant amounts of raw materials, the costs of which are subject to worldwide supply and demand factors, as well as other factors beyond our control. Raw material price fluctuations may adversely affect our results. We purchase, directly and indirectly through component purchases, significant amounts of aluminum, steel, plastics and other resins, brass and fiberglass products as well as other commodity-sensitive raw materials annually. In particular, in past years, steel and aluminum prices have experienced volatility which has been unforeseen and unexpected.

Although we at times purchase steel, aluminum and other raw materials up to 24 months in advance in order to provide certainty regarding portions of our pricing and supply, for the majority of our raw material purchases we do not typically enter into any fixed-price contracts and may not be able to accurately anticipate future raw material prices for those inputs.

Although the amount of our sales and costs denominated in foreign currencies is not currently significant, we may increase our international operations in the future, which would increase our exposure to risks of doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign currencies, changes in the economic strength of the countries in which we do business, difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations and intellectual property rights, burdens of complying with a wide variety of international and U.S. export and import laws and social, political and economic instability. In particular, changes in currency values could also impact the level of foreign competition in our domestic market as international products become more or less costly due to the relationship of the U.S. Dollar to other currencies. Commodity pricing and currency exchange rates have fluctuated significantly over the recent years and may continue to do so in the future. Such fluctuations could have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows and impact the comparability of our results between financial periods.

Our inability to successfully manage the implementation of a company-wide enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system could adversely affect our operating results.

We are in the process of implementing a new Company-wide ERP system. This ERP system will replace many of our existing operating and financial systems, which is a major undertaking from a financial management and personnel perspective. Should the new ERP system not be implemented successfully throughout all our business units and within budget and on time, or if the system does not perform in a satisfactory manner, it could be disruptive and adversely affect our operations, including our potential ability to report accurate, timely and consistent financial results; our ability to purchase raw material from and pay our suppliers; and deliver products to customers on a timely basis and to collect our receivables from them. Furthermore, this new ERP system is intended to be implemented in all locations during fiscal year 2017. The implementation will also impact our

parts and service business and our ability to perform warranty and thus if the implementation is not successful or on time, these operations will be negatively affected.

In addition, we have put teams together who are leading the implementation of the ERP system at all of our locations. To the extent that this team or key individuals are not retained through the implementation period, the success of our implementation could be compromised and the expected benefits would not be realized. If the new ERP system is not successfully implemented, it could negatively affect our future sales, profitability and financial condition.

Our business depends on the performance of dealers and disruptions within our dealer network could have a negative effect on our business.

We rely to a significant extent on our independent dealer networks to sell our products to end customers. We estimate that we distribute approximately 80% of our products through a system of independent, authorized dealers, many of whom sell products from competing manufacturers. Our business is therefore affected by our

ability to establish new relationships and maintain relationships with existing dealers. The geographic coverage of our dealers and their individual business conditions can affect the ability of our dealers to sell our products to customers. In a number of markets, there is a lack of exclusivity with dealers, which may decrease our bargaining leverage. In addition, recent consolidation of dealers, as well as the growth of larger, multi-location dealers, may result in increased bargaining power on the part of dealers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our dealer agreements are typically for a multi-year term; however, the dealer can typically cancel the agreement for convenience without penalty upon 90 days’ notice. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to renew our dealer agreements on favorable terms, or at all, at their scheduled expiration dates. Some of our dealer agreements include guarantees, which could have a negative impact on the financial performance of our Company if we are required to fulfill them. In addition, laws in many of the states in which we operate make it difficult for us to terminate dealer agreements, which may make it difficult for us to optimize our dealer network. No dealer or customer represented more than 6% of our annual revenue for fiscal year 2016, but there may continue to be consolidation and changes in the dealership landscape over time. If we are unable to renew a contract with one or more of our significant dealers orre-negotiate an agreement under more advantageous terms, our sales and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our business is affected by the availability and terms of financing to dealers and retail purchasers.

Our business is affected by the availability and terms of financing to dealers and retail purchasers. Many of our dealers finance their purchases of inventory with financing provided by lending institutions. A decrease in the availability of financing, more restrictive lending practices or an increase in the cost of such wholesale financing can prevent dealers from carrying adequate levels of inventory, which limits product offerings available to the end customer and could lead to reduced sales of our products.

A small number of financial institutions provide the majority of our dealers’ total financed vehicles outstanding in a floor plan financing program at any point in time. Substantial increases in interest rates and decreases in the general availability of credit have in the past had an adverse impact upon our business and results of operations and may do so again in the future. Further, a decrease in availability of consumer credit resulting from unfavorable economic conditions, or an increase in the cost of consumer credit, may cause consumers to reduce discretionary spending which could, in turn, reduce demand for our products and negatively affect our sales and profitability.

In addition, early in fiscal year 2016 we began assisting customers with arranging their financing with third parties for purchases of our products. Although we currently neither assume any balance sheet financing risk nor receive any direct economic benefit from these arrangements other than a minimal arrangement fee, we could be

materially adversely affected in the future if third-party financiers were unable to provide this financing to our customers and our dealers were unable to obtain alternate financing, at least until our customers were able to find a replacement financing source. Third-party financiers face a number of business, economic and financial risks that could impair their access to capital and negatively affect their ability to provide financing solutions for our dealers and customers. Because third-party financiers serve as an additional source of financing options for dealers and customers, an impairment of their ability to provide such financial services could negatively affect our future sales and therefore our profitability and financial condition.

Our ability to execute our strategy is dependent upon our ability to attract, train and retain qualified personnel including our ability to retain and attract senior management and key employees.

Our continued success depends, in part, on our ability to identify, attract, motivate, train and retain qualified personnel in key functions and geographic areas, including the members of our senior management team. In particular, we are dependent on our ability to identify, attract, motivate, train and retain qualified engineers and skilled labor with the requisite education, background and industry experience to assist in the development, enhancement, introduction and manufacture of our products and technology solutions.

Failure to attract, train and retain qualified personnel, whether as a result of an insufficient number of qualified local residents or the allocation of inadequate resources to training, integration and retention, could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and could have an adverse effect on our business prospects.

Our success also depends to a large extent upon our ability to attract and retain key executives. These employees have extensive experience in our markets and are familiar with our business, systems and processes. The loss of the services of one or more of these key employees could have an adverse effect, at least in the short to medium term, on significant aspects of our business, including the ability to manage our business effectively and the successful execution of our strategies. If certain of these employees decide to leave us, we could incur disruptions to the completion of certain initiatives and we could incur significant costs in hiring, training, developing and retaining their replacements.

We may discover defects in our vehicles potentially resulting in delaying new model launches, recall campaigns or increased warranty costs.

Meeting or exceeding many government-mandated safety standards is costly and often technologically challenging, especially where one or more government-mandated standards may conflict. Government safety standards require manufacturers to remedy defects related to motor vehicle safety through safety recall campaigns, and a manufacturer is obligated to recall vehicles if it determines that they do not comply with relevant safety standards. Should we or government safety regulators determine that a safety or other defect or noncompliance exists with respect to certain of our vehicles, there could be a delay in the launch of a new model, recalls of existing models or a significant increase in warranty claims, the costs of which could be substantial.

Additionally, the vehicles we manufacture for sale are subject to strict contractually established specifications using complex manufacturing processes. If we fail to meet the contractual requirements for a vehicle or a part, we may be subject to warranty costs to repair or replace the part itself and additional costs related to the investigation and inspection ofnon-complying parts. These potential warranty and repair and replacement costs are generally not covered by our insurance. We establish warranty reserves that represent our estimate of the costs we expect to incur to fulfill our warranty obligations. We base our estimate for warranty reserves on our historical experience and other related assumptions. If actual results materially differ from these estimates, our results of operations could be materially affected.

In addition, we may not be able to enforce warranties and extended warranties received or purchased from our suppliers if such suppliers refuse to honor such warranties or go out of business. Also, a customer may choose to pursue remedies directly under its contract with us over enforcing such supplier warranties. In such a case, we may not be able to recover our losses from the supplier.

Cancellations, reductions or delays in customer orders, customer breaches of purchase agreements, or reduction in expected backlog may adversely affect our results of operations.

We provide products to our customers for which we are customarily not paid in advance. We rely on the creditworthiness of our customers to collect on our receivables from them in a timely manner after we have billed for products previously provided. While we generally provide products pursuant to a written contract which determines the terms and conditions of payment to us by our customers, occasionally customers may dispute an invoice and delay, contest or not pay our receivable. Further, in connection with dealers’ wholesale floor-plan vehicle financing programs, we enter into repurchase agreements with certain lending institutions, customary in the industries in which we operate, which may require us to repurchase previously sold vehicles. Although our exposure under these agreements is limited by the resale value of the inventory we may repurchase, we may receive less than anticipated on such resale and would collect payment on such resale later than originally expected. Our failure to collect our receivables or to resell and collect on repurchased vehicles on a timely basis could adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations and, in certain cases, could cause us to fail to comply with the financial covenants under our April 2017 ABL Facility, Term Loan Agreement or other outstanding debt.

We typically have backlog due to the nature of our production and sales process, and our financial results are affected if any backlog is deferred or canceled. Backlog represents the amount of sales that we expect to derive from signed contracts, including oral contracts that have been subsequently memorialized in writing. When a binding sale contract has been signed with a customer, the purchase price of the vehicle is included in backlog until it is completed, shipped and the revenue is recognized. When we sign a contract giving a potential purchaser an option to purchase a vehicle which only becomes binding on anon-refundable payment or a subsequent firm purchase order, we do not include the purchase price of the vehicle in backlog until thenon-refundable payment has been made or the subsequent purchase order is formalized and the contract is a binding purchase contract. A customer may default on a purchase contract that has become binding, and we may not be able to convert sales contract backlog into sales. As a result, our estimates of backlog for some of our contracts could be affected by variables beyond our control and may not be entirely realized, if at all. In addition, given the nature of our customers and our markets, there is a risk that some amount of our backlog may not be fully realized in the future. Failure to realize sales from our existing or future backlog would negatively impact our financial results.

From time to time, we enter into large, multi-year contracts with federal and local government bodies. Due to the size of the contracts, there are often stringent approval processes that must be completed before the contract is finalized. As a result, until these contracts are finalized, there can be no assurance regarding the timing of our commencing work on any such contract, or the ultimate revenue that we may recognize under any such contract.

In addition, as a result of firm purchase orders from our customers, we enter into agreements to produce and sell vehicles at a specified price with certain adjustments for changes and options based upon our estimation of the cost to produce and the timing of delivery. Due to the nature of these product cost estimates and the fluctuations in input costs and availability, we may underestimate the costs of production and therefore overestimate the profitability in our backlog. As a result, the actual profitability on those sales in the future may differ materially from our initial estimates when we recorded the firm purchase order in backlog.

Our business is subject to numerous laws and regulations.

We are subject to numerous federal, state and local regulations governing the manufacture and sale of our products, including the provisions of the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (“NTMVSA”) and the safety standards for vehicles and components which have been promulgated under the NTMVSA by the Department of Transportation. The NTMVSA authorizes the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to require a manufacturer to recall and repair vehicles which contain certain hazards or defects. Sales into foreign

countries may be subject to similar regulations. School buses are also subject to heightened safety standards in many jurisdictions. Any recalls of our vehicles, voluntary or involuntary, could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and our business and operating results.

In addition, we face an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims if the use of our products results, or is alleged to result, in personal injury and/or property damage. If we manufacture, or are alleged to have manufactured, a defective product or if component failures result in damages, we may experience material product liability losses in the future. In addition, we may incur significant costs to defend product liability claims.

We are also subject to potential recalls of our products to cure manufacturing defects or in the event of a failure to comply with customers’ order specifications or applicable regulatory standards, and may have to conduct recalls of our products due to defects in components or parts manufactured by suppliers which we purchase and incorporate into our products. We may also be required to remedy or retrofit vehicles in the event that an order is not built to a customer’s specifications or where a design error has been made. The cost and impact to our reputation of significant retrofit and remediation events or product recalls could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Lastly, we are subject to federal and numerous state consumer protection and unfair trade practice laws and regulations relating to the sale, transportation and marketing of motor vehicles, includingso-called “lemon laws.” In addition, certain laws and regulations affect other areas of our operations, including, labor, advertising, consumer protection, real estate, promotions, quality of services, intellectual property, tax, import and export duties, tariffs, anti-corruption and anti-competitive conduct. Compliance with these laws and others may be onerous and costly, at times, and may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction which further complicates compliance

efforts. Violations of these laws and regulations could lead to significant penalties, including restraints on our export or import privileges, monetary fines, criminal proceedings and regulatory or other actions that could materially adversely affect our results of operations. We have instituted various and comprehensive policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance. However, we cannot assure you that employees, contractors, vendors or our agents will not violate such laws and regulations or our policies and procedures.

Unforeseen or recurring operational problems at any of our facilities, or a catastrophic loss of one of our key manufacturing facilities, may cause significant lost production and adversely affect our results of operations.

Our manufacturing process could be affected by operational problems that could impair our production capability. Many of our 15 manufacturing facilities contain high cost and sophisticated machines that are used in our manufacturing process. Disruptions or shut downs at any of our facilities could be caused by:

 

maintenance outages to conduct maintenance activities that cannot be performed safely during operations;

 

prolonged power failures or reductions;

 

breakdown, failure or substandard performance of any of our machines or other equipment;

 

noncompliance with, and liabilities related to, environmental requirements or permits;

 

disruptions in the transportation infrastructure, including railroad tracks, bridges, tunnels or roads;

 

fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, microbursts or other catastrophic disasters;disasters, national emergencies, political unrest, war or terrorist activities; or

 

other operational problems.

If some of our facilities are shut down, they may experience prolonged startup periods, regardless of the reason for the shutdown. Those startup periods could range from several days to several weeks or longer,

depending on the reason for the shutdown and other factors. Any prolonged disruption in operations at any of our facilities could cause a significant loss of production and adversely affect our results of operations and negatively impact our customers and dealers. Our production of RVs is centralized in our Decatur, Indiana facility. Any disruptions to this facility would significantly impact our ability to produce these vehicles. Further, a catastrophic event could result in the loss of the use of all or a portion of one of our manufacturing facilities. Although we carry property and business interruption insurance, our coverage may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur. Any of these events individually or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Federal and local government spending and priorities may change in a manner that materially and adversely affects our future sales and limits our growth prospects.

Our business depends upon continued federal and local government expenditures on certain of our Commercial and Fire & Emergency products. These expenditures have not remained constant over time. Current government spending levels on programs that we support may not be sustainable as a result of changes in government leadership, policies or priorities. A significant portion of our sales are subject to risks specific to doing business with the U.S. government and municipalities, including, but not limited to:

 

budgetary constraints or fluctuations affecting government spending generally, or specific departments or agencies in particular, and changes in fiscal policies or a reduction of available funding;

 

changes in government programs or requirements;

 

realignment of funds to government priorities that we do not serve;

government shutdowns (such as those which occurred in 1995-1996 and in 2013) and other potential delays in government appropriations processes;

 

delays in the payment of our invoices by government authorities;

 

adoption of new laws or regulations and our ability to meet specified performance thresholds; and

 

general economic conditions.

These or other factors could cause government agencies and departments to reduce their purchases under contracts, exercise their right to terminate contracts, or not exercise options to renew contracts, any of which could cause us to lose sales. A significant decline in overall government spending or a shift in expenditures away from agencies or programs that we support could cause a material decline in our sales and harm our financial results.

Fuel shortages, or high prices for fuel, could have a negative effect on sales of our products.

Gasoline or diesel fuel is required for the operation of most of our vehicles and we cannot assure you that the supply of these petroleum products will continue uninterrupted or that the price of or tax on these petroleum products will not significantly increase. High fuel costs generally drive greater demand for better fuel economy and substantial increases in the price of fuel have had a material adverse effect on the specialty vehicle industry as a whole in the past and could have a material adverse effect on our business in the future. Fluctuations in fuel prices have also historically negatively impacted consumer confidence and increased customer preferences for alternative fuel vehicles, only some of which we produce.

We are exposed to, and may be adversely affected by, interruptions to our computer and information technology systems and sophisticated cyber-attacks.

We rely on our information technology systems and networks in connection with many of our business activities. Some of these networks and systems are managed by third-party service providers and are not under our direct control. Our operations routinely involve receiving, storing, processing and transmitting sensitive

information pertaining to our business, customers, dealers, suppliers, employees and other sensitive matters (including wire transfer instructions). As with most companies, we have experienced cyber-attacks, attempts to breach our systems and other similar incidents, none of which have been material. Any future cyber incidents could, however, materially disrupt operational systems; result in loss of trade secrets or other proprietary or competitively sensitive information or money; compromise personally identifiable information regarding customers or employees; and jeopardize the security of our facilities. A cyber incident could be caused by malicious outsiders using sophisticated methods to circumvent firewalls, encryption and other security defenses. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until they are launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Information technology security threats, including security breaches, computer malware and other cyber-attacks are increasing in both frequency and sophistication and could create financial liability, subject us to legal or regulatory sanctions or damage our reputation with customers, dealers, suppliers and other stakeholders. We continuously seek to maintain a robust program of information security and controls, but the impact of a material information technology event could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Our operations and the industries in which we operate are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and we may face significant costs or liabilities associated with environmental, health and safety matters.

We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign environmental, health and safety laws and regulations concerning, among other things, water discharges, air emissions, noise pollution, the generation,

storage, handling, use, release, disposal and transportation of hazardous materials and wastes, environmental cleanup, the health and safety of our employees and the fuel economy and emissions of the vehicles we manufacture. Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations continue to evolve, and we may become subject to increasingly stringent environmental standards in the future, particularly related to air quality and water quality and the emission of greenhouse gas and other pollutants from the vehicles we manufacture, which could require us to make changes to our operations or incur significant costs relating to compliance. We are also required to obtain and maintain environmental, health and safety permits and approvals for our facilities and operations. Our failure to comply with such laws, regulations, permits and approvals could subject us to increased employee healthcare and workers’ compensation costs, liabilities, fines and other penalties or compliance costs, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Environmental remediation laws such as the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) and state analogues impose liability, without regard to fault or to the legality of a party’s conduct, on certain categories of persons (known as “potentially responsible parties” or “PRPs”) who are considered to have contributed to the release of “hazardous substances” into the environment. Although we are not currently incurring material liabilities pursuant to CERCLA or state analogues, in the future we may incur such material liabilities with regard to our (or our predecessors’) current or former facilities, adjacent or nearby third-party facilities, oroff-site disposal locations. In particular, in 2012 we received a request from the United States EPA for information regarding the San Fernando Valley Area 2 Superfund Site (the “San Fernando Site”). The EPA has questioned whether a prior owner and operator of a facility located within the boundary of the San Fernando Site (which is regional in scale and encompasses large portions of the Los Angeles area) is a predecessor to our Company, and whether the operations of the predecessor entity may have caused releases of certain hazardous substances to soil or groundwater. At this stage, the EPA has not asserted any claims against us and has not notified us that we are a PRP at the San Fernando Site. Our ability to collect on insurance policies or remediation costs or damages in connection with any claims relating to the San Fernando Site is unclear at this time. Although we intend to vigorously defend against any such claims, in the event we are found to be a PRP at the San Fernando Site or other sites, the remediation costs and any potential damages (including Natural Resource Damage claims) could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. See “Business—Environmental, Health and Safety Laws and Regulations.”

Certain of these laws and regulations impose a variety environmental requirements, including emissions and performance standards, on the vehicles we manufacture. These laws and regulations govern vehicle fuel efficiency, emissions (including greenhouse gas emissions), noise and safety, and are expected to continue to add to the cost of our products and increase the engineering and product development programs of our business. For example, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) began to enforce limits on diesel exhaust emissions from nonroad diesel engines in 1996 and stationary diesel-engine generator sets in 2006. Implemented in a series of steps called Tier levels, these regulations, over time, have introduced successively more stringent limitations on nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) andnon-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC). Currently, “Tier 4” regulations promulgated under the Clean Air Act imposed increasingly stringent motor vehicle emissions standards on our diesel exhaust emissions beginning with the 2011 model year. The EPA’s Transition Program for Equipment Manufacturers (“TPEM”) allows a transitional allotment of Tier 3 engines that are exempt from the more stringent Tier 4 regulations through 2017. Specifically, the TPEM program allows manufacturers to delay installing a certain amount of Tier4-compliant engines as long as manufacturers comply with certain notice, recordkeeping and annual reporting requirements. More stringent emissions standards have been issued by California and certain other states as well. In addition, in August 2011, the EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) issued rules on GHG emissions and fuel economy for medium and heavy duty vehicles and engines. The emissions standards establish required minimum fuel economy and GHG emissions levels for both engines and vehicles primarily through the increased use of existing technology. The rules, which apply to our engines and vehicles, initially required EPA certification for vehicles and engines to GHG emissions standards in calendar year 2014 and will be fully implemented in model year 2017. In August 2016, the EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety

Administration (“NHTSA”) finalized a second phase of GHG emissions reductions to be implemented over time beginning in model year 2021 through model year 2027. These standards, as well as other federal and state emissions standards applicable to the vehicles we manufacture, have and will increase costs of development for engines and vehicles and administrative costs arising from implementation of the standards. These regulatory proposals under consideration or those that are proposed in the future may set standards that are difficult to achieve or adversely affect our results of operations due to increased research, development, and warranty costs. See “Business—Environmental, Health and Safety Laws and Regulations.”

We are subject to litigation in the ordinary course of business, and uninsured judgments or a rise in insurance premiums may adversely impact our results of operations.

In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various claims and litigation. Any such claims, whether with or without merit, could be time consuming and expensive to defend and could divert management’s attention and resources. Some of our businesses have in the past and may in the future face claims and litigation regarding accidents involving their products, including accidents involving passenger injuries and deaths, and the increasing amount of our vehicles on the road may increase our exposure to such matters. In accordance with customary practice, we maintain insurance against some, but not all, of these potential claims. We may elect not to obtain insurance if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. The levels of insurance we maintain may not be adequate to fully cover any and all losses or liabilities. Further, we may not be able to maintain insurance at commercially acceptable premium levels or at all.

For product liability claims, we have a self-insured retention (“SIR”) for product liability matters ranging from $0.5 million toof $1.0 million depending on the nature of the occurrence.million. Amounts above the SIR, up to a certain dollar amount, are covered by our excess insurance policy. Currently, we maintain excess liability insurance aggregating $100.0 million with outside insurance carriers to minimize our risks related to catastrophic claims in excess of our self-insured positions for product liability and personal injury matters. Any material change in the aforementioned factors could have an adverse impact on our operating results. Any increase in the frequency and size of these claims, as compared to our experience in prior years, may cause the premium that we are required to pay for insurance to increase significantly and may negatively impact future SIR levels. It may also increase the amounts we pay in punitive damages, not all of which are covered by our self-insurance.

If any significant accident, judgment, claim or other event is not fully insured or indemnified against, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure that the outcome of all current or future litigation will not have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

Intellectual property risks may adversely affect our business and may dilute our competitive advantage.

Our brands are important assets of our business, and we rely on proprietary intellectual property, including numerous registered trademarks, as well as licensed intellectual property for the manufacture and competitiveness of our products. We monitor and protect against activities that might infringe, dilute or otherwise harm our patents, trademarks and other intellectual property and rely on the enforceability of the patent, trademark and other laws of the United States and other countries. However, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property without our authorization. To the extent we cannot protect our intellectual property, unauthorized use and misuse of our intellectual property could cause significant damage to our brand name and reputation, interfere with our ability to effectively represent our Company to our customers, contractors, suppliers and/or licensees and increase litigation costs, which could harm our competitive position and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be exposed to liabilities under applicable anti-corruption laws and export controls and economic sanctions laws and any determination that we violated these laws could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to various anti-corruption laws that prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments and their officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We have business in countries and regions which are less developed and are generally recognized as having potentially more corrupt business environments. Our activities in these countries create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees or agents that could be in violation of various anti-corruption laws including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and the U.K. Bribery Act. We have implemented safeguards and policies to discourage these practices by our employees and agents.

However, our existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective and our employees or agents may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. If employees violate our policies or we fail to maintain adequate record-keeping and internal accounting practices to accurately record our transactions, we may be subject to regulatory sanctions. In addition, we are subject to export controls and economic sanctions laws and embargoes imposed by the U.S. government. Changes in export control or trade sanctions laws may restrict our business practices, and may result in modifications to compliance programs. Violations of the FCPA, U.K. Bribery Act, other anti-corruption laws, export controls or economic sanctions laws may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions and penalties, and we may be subject to other liabilities which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our expansion plans in markets outside of the United States could entail significant risks.

Our strategies potentially include establishing a greater presence in markets outside of the United States. In addition, we are growing our use of component suppliers in these foreign markets. As we progress with this, these strategies may involve a significant investment of capital and other resources and entail various risks. These include risks attendant to obtaining necessary governmental approvals, identifying foreign agents, dealers and distributors, the construction of facilities in a timely manner and within cost estimates, the establishment of viable supply channels, the commencement of efficient manufacturing operations and, ultimately, the acceptance of the products by our current or prospective customers. We cannot be assured that our expansion plans will be implemented or, if implemented, be successful.

Our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective in achieving their purposes.

Our policies, procedures, controls and oversight to monitor and manage our enterprise risks may not be fully effective in achieving their purpose and may leave us exposed to identified or unidentified risks. Past or future misconduct by our employees or vendors could result in our violations of law, regulatory sanctions and/or serious reputational harm or financial harm. The Company monitors its policies, procedures and controls; however, we cannot assure you that our policies, procedures and controls will be sufficient to prevent all forms of misconduct. We review our compensation policies and practices as part of our risk management program, but it is possible that our compensation policies could incentivize management and other employees to subject the Company to inappropriate risk or to engage in misconduct. If such inappropriate risks or misconduct occurs, it is possible that it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and/or our financial condition.

AIP is party to the Shareholders Agreement (as defined below) and will continue to have significant influence over us after this offering, including control over decisions that require the approval of stockholders, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of matters submitted to stockholders for a vote.

Upon completion of this offering, AIP owned 45,834,841will own 35,184,656 shares of our common stock, which represented 72.0%will represent 54.9% of our total outstanding shares of common stock. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, AIP will own 44,586,96333,774,309 shares of our common stock, which will represent 70.0%52.7% of

our total outstanding shares of common stock. AIP is also party to an amended and restated shareholders agreement (the “Shareholders Agreement”) that, among other things, imposes certain transfer restrictions on the shares held by such stockholders and requires such stockholders to vote in favor of certain nominees to our Board of Directors. For a discussion of the Shareholders Agreement, see “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions.” As long as these stockholders own or control at least a majority of our outstanding common stock, they will have the ability to exercise substantial control over all corporate actions requiring stockholder approval, irrespective of how our other stockholders may vote, including:

 

the election and removal of directors and the size of our Board of Directors;

 

any amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws; or

 

the approval of mergers and other significant corporate transactions, including a sale of substantially all of our assets.

In addition, pursuant to the Shareholders Agreement, AIP will havehas the following rights so long as it holds at least 15% of the then outstanding common stock:

 

to nominate the greater of five members of our Board of Directors or a majority of directors;

 

to designate the Chairman of our Board of Directors and one member to each of the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee;

 

to approve the commencement of any proceeding for the voluntary dissolution, winding up or bankruptcy of the Company or any material subsidiary;

 

to approve anynon-pro rata reduction to the share capital of the Company or any material subsidiary, except as required by law;

 

to approve amendments to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that would change the name of the Company, its jurisdiction of incorporation, the location of its principal executive offices, the purpose or purposes for which the Company is incorporated or the approval requirements as provided in the Shareholders Agreement;

 

to approve special dividends greater than $10 million;

to approve any merger, amalgamation or consolidation of the Company or the spinoff of a business of the Company with assets in excess of 15% of the consolidated assets or revenues of the Company and its subsidiaries;

 

the sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of all or more than 15% of the consolidated assets or revenues of the Company and its subsidiaries; and

 

any designation to the Board of Directors contrary to the Shareholders Agreement or the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws.

See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement” for more detail.

Lastly, AIP’s interests as an equity holder may not be aligned in all cases with those of other equity investors, or of our lenders as creditors. In addition, AIP may have an interest in pursuing or not pursuing acquisitions, divestitures, financings or other transactions that, in their judgment, could enhance their equity investments, even though such transactions might be contrary to the wishes of other equity investors or involve risks to our lenders. Furthermore, AIP may in the future own businesses that directly or indirectly compete with us. AIP may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business separately from us and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us.

Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities may have a negative impact on our operating results.

Tax policy reform continues to be a topic of discussion in the United States. Significant changes to the U.S. corporate tax system could have a material adverse effect upon our results of operations and cash flows. In addition, we regularly undergo tax audits in various jurisdictions in which we operate. Although we believe that our income tax provisions and accruals are reasonable and in accordance with GAAP, and that we prepare our tax filings in accordance with all applicable tax laws, the final determination with respect to any tax audits and any related litigation, could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of a tax audit or litigation could materially affect our operating results and cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period net income may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties and interest assessments.

Changes in customer preferences for our products or our failure to gauge those preferences could lead to reduced sales and additional costs.

Our ability to remain competitive depends heavily on our ability to provide a continuing and timely introduction of innovative product offerings. We cannot be certain that historical customer preferences for our products will remain unchanged. We believe that the introduction of new product features, designs and models will be critical to the future success of our operations as technological advancements are made and alternative fuels are developed, and it will be essential for our product lines to adapt accordingly. Managing frequent product introductions and transitions poses inherent risks and additional costs. Delays in the introduction or market acceptance of new product features, designs or models could have a material adverse effect on our business. Products may not be accepted for a number of reasons, including changes in customer preferences or our failure to properly gauge customer preferences. Further, we cannot be certain that new product introductions will not reduce sales from existing models and adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, we cannot assure you that any of these new product features, designs or models will be introduced to the market in a timely manner or that they will be successful when introduced.

Failure to maintain the strength and value of our brands could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our success depends, in part, on the value and strength of our brands. Our brand names are integral to our business as well as to the implementation of our strategies for expanding our business. Maintaining, enhancing,

promoting and positioning our brands, particularly in new markets where we have limited brand recognition, will depend largely on the success of our marketing and merchandising efforts and our ability to provide high-quality services, warranty plans, products and resources and a consistent, high-quality customer experience. Our brands could be adversely affected if we fail to achieve these objectives, if we fail to comply with laws and regulations, if we are subject to publicized litigation or if our public image or reputation were to be tarnished by negative publicity. Some of these risks may be beyond our ability to control, such as the effects of negative publicity regarding our suppliers or third party providers of services or negative publicity related to members of management. Any of these events could hurt the Company’s image, resulting in reduced demand for our products and a decrease in net sales. Further, maintaining, enhancing, promoting and positioning our brands’ images may require us to make substantial investments in marketing and employee training, which could adversely affect our cash flow and which may ultimately be unsuccessful. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Failure to establish and maintain effective internal controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.

We arewere not currentlypreviously required to comply withevaluate our internal control over financial reporting in a manner that met the rulesstandards of publicly traded companies required by Section 404 of the SEC implementingSarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and are therefore not required to make a formal assessmentrequires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, forstarting with the second annual report that purpose. Uponwe file with the SEC as a public company, and generally requires in the same report a report by our independent registered public accounting firm on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Additionally, upon becoming a public company, we will bewere required

to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Section 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of controls over financial reporting. Though we will be required to disclose changes made in our internal controls and procedures on a quarterly basis, we willare not be required to make our first annual assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 until the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC. To comply with the requirements of being a newly public company, we may need to undertake various actions, such as implementing new internal controls and procedures and hiring accounting or internal audit staff. Testing and maintaining internal controls can divert our management’s attention from other matters that are important to the operation of our business.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting until the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse, in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating. If we are unable to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting, our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to provide us with an unqualified report as required by Section 404, or we are required to restate our financial statements, we may fail to meet our public reporting obligations and investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide,provides, subject to certain exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide,provides, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action

asserting a claim against us, any director or our officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us, any director or our officers or employees that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision that will be contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and This Offering

Provisions of our corporate governance documents could make an acquisition of our Company more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management or directors, even if beneficial to our stockholders.

Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws following this offering may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of our Company that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which you might otherwise receive a premium for your shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. In addition,

these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management or directors by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our Board of Directors. Because our Board of Directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions could in turn affect any attempt to replace current members of our management team.

We will beare a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules and, as a result, will qualify for, and intend to relyare relying on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements. You will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to such requirements.

After completion of this offering, the parties to the Shareholders Agreement will continue to control a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. As a result, we will continue to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of the NYSE. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements that, within one year of the date of the listing of our common stock:

 

we have a board that is composed of a majority of “independent directors,” as defined under the rules of such exchange;

 

we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors; and

 

we have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors.

Following this offering, we intend to utilizeWe are utilizing these exemptions. As a result, we willdo not have a majority of independent directors on our Board of Directors. In addition, our compensation committee and our nominating and corporate governance committee willdo not consist entirely of independent directors or be subject to annual performance evaluations. Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.

If you purchase shares of common stock in this offering, you will suffer immediate and substantial dilution of your investment.

The initial public offering price of our common stock is substantially higher than the adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock. Therefore, if you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds our net tangible book value per share after this offering. Based on the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, you will experience immediate dilution of $15.68 per share, representing the difference between our adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering and the initial public offering price. In addition, purchasers of common stock in this offering will have contributed 62.3% of the aggregate price paid by all purchasers of our stock but will own only approximately 19.6% of our common stock outstanding after this offering. We also have a large number of outstanding stock options to purchase common stock with exercise prices that are below the estimated initial public offering price of our common stock. To the extent that these options are exercised, you will experience further dilution. See “Dilution” for more detail.

An active, liquid trading market for our common stock may not develop, which may limit your ability to sell your shares.

Prior to this offering, there was no public market for our common stock. Although our common stock has been approved for listingis listed on the NYSE under the symbol “REVG,” subject to notice of official issuance, an active trading market for our shares may never develop ornot be sustained following this offering. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us and the underwriters and may not be indicative of market prices of our common stock that will prevail in the open market after the offering. A public trading

market having the desirable characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends upon the existence of willing buyers and sellers at any given time, such existence being dependent upon the individual decisions of buyers and sellers over which neither we nor any market maker has control. The failure of an active and liquid trading market to develop and continue would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock. The market price of our common stock may decline below the initial public offering price, and you may not be able to sell your shares of our common stock at or above the price you paid in this offering, or at all. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations by selling shares and may impair our ability to acquire other companies or technologies by using our shares as consideration.

We cannot assure you that our stock price will not decline or not be subject to significant volatility after this offering.

The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations after this offering. The price of our stock may change in response to fluctuations in our operating results in future periods and may also change in response to other factors, many of which are beyond our control. As a result, our share price may experience significant volatility and may not necessarily reflect the value of our expected performance. Among other factors that could affect our stock price are:

 

market conditions in the broader stock market;

 

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial and operating results;

 

introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors;

 

issuance of new or changed securities analysts’ reports or recommendations;

 

sales, or anticipated sales, of large blocks of our stock;

 

additions or departures of key personnel;

 

legal, regulatory or political developments;

 

litigation and governmental investigations;

 

the size of our public float;

 

market and industry perception of our success, or lack thereof, in pursuing our growth strategy;

 

changing economic conditions; and

 

exchange rate fluctuations.

In particular, we cannot assure you that you will be able to resell any of your shares of our common stock at or above the initial public offering price, or at all. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us and the representatives of the underwriters and may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the trading market, if a trading market develops, after this offering.

In addition, in the past, when the market price of a stock has been volatile, holders of that stock have sometimes instituted securities class action litigation against the company that issued the stock. If any of our stockholders brought a lawsuit against us, we could incur substantial costs defending the lawsuit. Such a lawsuit could also divert the time and attention of our management from our business, which could significantly harm our profitability and reputation.

A significant portion of our total outstanding shares are restricted from immediate resale but may be sold into the market in the near future. This could cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares,

could reduce the market price of our common stock. After this offering,As of October 5, 2017, we will have 63,697,200had 64,145,945 shares of common stock outstanding based on the numberoutstanding. The shares of shares outstanding as of October 29, 2016. This includes 12,500,000 shares that we are sellingcommon stock offered in this offering whichby the selling stockholders, plus any shares sold upon exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, in addition to the 14,375,000 shares that were sold in our IPO, may be resold in the public market immediately (other than shares of our common stock that may be held or acquired by our directors, executive officers or affiliates, as that term is defined in the Securities Act), and assumes no exercises. In addition, 38,202,092 shares of outstanding options. Substantially allcommon stock (assuming the underwriters’ exercise of the option to purchase additional shares that are not being sold in this offeringfull) will be subject to a 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period provided under agreements executed in connection with this offering. These shares will, however, be able to be resold after the expiration of thelock-up agreements or with the prior written consent of the Requisite Number of Representatives (as defined under “Underwriting”) of the underwriters,, as described in the “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” and “Underwriting” sections of this prospectus. We also intend to registerregistered all shares of common stock that we may issue under our equity compensation plans. Once we register the issuance ofplans—which means these shares they can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to thelock-up agreements. As restrictions on resale end, the market price of our stock could decline if the holders of currently restricted shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. Lastly, an entity controlled by AIP has entered into a loan agreement pursuant to which it pledged 19.5 million shares of our common stock to secure a margin loan, under which it may draw up to $125 million. If the AIP-controlled entity were to default on its obligations under the loan and not timely post additional collateral, the lender would have the right to sell shares to satisfy the AIP-controlled entity’s obligation. Such an event could cause our stock price to decline.

We cannot assure you that we will continue to declare dividends or have sufficient funds to pay dividends on our common stock.

Although we intend to continue to pay a quarterly dividend on shares of our common stock, to the extent that we have sufficient funds available for such purpose, the declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of common stock will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and we may reduce or discontinue entirely the payment of such dividends at any time. Our Board of Directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and operating results, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is, and may be, limited by covenants of existing and any future outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur, including under the April 2017 ABL Facility.Facility and Term Loan Agreement. Moreover, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay dividends is dependent upon the financial results and cash flow of our operating subsidiaries and the distribution or other payment of cash to us in the form of dividends or otherwise, which may further restrict our ability to pay dividends as a result of the laws of their jurisdiction of organization, agreements of our subsidiaries or covenants under any existing and future outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur. Furthermore, Delaware law requires that our Board of Directors determine that we have adequate surplus prior to the declaration of dividends. While we do not currently believe that these restrictions will impair our ability to pay regular quarterly cash dividends, there can be no assurance that we will not need to reduce or eliminate the payment of dividends on our common stock in the future. Therefore, any return on investment in our common stock may be solely dependent upon the appreciation of the price of our common stock on the open market, which may not occur. See “Dividend Policy”“Dividends” for more detail.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our shares or if our results of operations do not meet their expectations, our share price and trading volume could decline. In addition, if securities or industry analysts publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our shares has been and will continue to be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our Company or fail to publish reports on us

regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets and demand for our stock could decrease, which could cause our stock price and trading volume to decline. Moreover, if one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or make sell recommendations, or if our results of operations do not meet their expectations, our share price could decline.

We will continue to incur significant increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will behas been required to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to public company requirements.

As a public company, we will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. For example, we will beare required to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC and the NYSE, including the establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. We expect that complianceCompliance with these requirements will increasehas increased our legal and financial compliance costs and will makeis making some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, the Exchange Act will requirerequires us, among other things, to file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. In addition, we expect that our management and other personnel will need to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these public company requirements. In particular, we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In that regard, we currently have no internal audit function, and we willmay need to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge. We also expect that operating as a public company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified people to serve on our Board of Directors, our Board committees or as executive officers.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies and other future conditions. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue,” “contemplate,” “aim” and other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding:

 

plans for future growth and other business development activities;

 

plans for capital expenditures;

 

financing sources;

 

market demand;

 

industry conditions;

 

dividends;

 

the effects of regulation and competition;

 

foreign currency conversion; and

 

all other statements regarding our intent, plans, beliefs or expectations or those of our directors or officers.

The forward looking statements in this prospectus are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. Important factors that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, including those described under “Risk Factors.”

The forward-looking statements in this prospectus represent our views as of the date of this prospectus. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from our issuance and sale of 12,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering will be approximately $231.4 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us. This estimate assumes an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $20.00, based upon the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by $11.7 million, assuming the number of shares we offer, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of shares we are offering. Each increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares of common stock offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by $18.7 million, based upon the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders ifin this offering. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders.”

DIVIDENDS

The following table sets forth the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additionaldividends declared on shares of common stock.

We intend to usestock and the net proceeds of this offering as follows:related dividend amounts and payment dates.

 

first, to redeem in full our outstanding Senior Secured Notes and pay the related call premium, which would have matured on November 1, 2019 and bore interest at a fixed rate of 8.500% per annum, and to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon from the most recent interest payment date to the redemption date, for a total redemption price of approximately $192.1 million; and

Declaration Date

Dividend AmountPayment Date

March 7, 2017

$0.05 / shareMay 31, 2017

June 6, 2017

$0.05 / shareAugust 31, 2017

September 7, 2017

$0.05 / shareNovember 30, 2017

second, to use the remaining proceeds, if any, to repay approximately up to $39.3 million aggregate principal amount of loans under the ABL Facility, which matures on October 21, 2018 and bears interest at a base or LIBOR rate, as defined in the ABL Facility, plus a spread of 175 basis points (a weighted average rate of 2.24% on borrowings outstanding as of October 29, 2016), and to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon from the most recent interest payment date to the repayment date.

Pending the use of proceeds described above, we may invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities such as money market accounts, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

DIVIDEND POLICY

Following the completion of this offering and subjectSubject to legally available funds and the discretion of our board of directors, we intendexpect to continue to pay a quarterly cash dividend at athe rate initially equal toof $0.05 per share on our common stock. We expect to pay athis quarterly dividend on or about the last day of the first month following each fiscal quarter to shareholders of record on the last day of such fiscal quarter. We expect our first quarterly dividend to be payable in respect of our second quarter of fiscal year 2017 on May 31, 2017 to holders of record on April 30, 2017, based on the initial dividend rate specified above. Based on this initialour current dividend rate of $0.05 per share, and assuming we have 63,697,20064,145,945 shares of our common stock outstanding, this would result in an aggregate annual cash dividend amount of approximately $12.7$12.8 million. However, the declaration, amountOur dividend policy has certain risks and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directorslimitations, particularly with respect to liquidity, and we may reduce or discontinue entirely the payment of suchnot pay dividends at any time. Our Board of Directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and operating results, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by usaccording to our stockholderspolicy, or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Moreover, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay dividends is dependent upon the financial results and cash flow of our operating subsidiaries and the distribution or other payment of cash to us in the form of dividends or otherwise, which may further restrict our ability to pay dividends as a result of the laws of their jurisdiction of organization, agreements of our subsidiaries or covenants under any existing and future outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur. Based on the status of the factors listed above, the anticipated size of our intended quarterly dividend, the current relationships with our operating subsidiaries and the status of our various operating and debt agreements, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity and authorization to be able to pay our intended dividend. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and this Offering—at all. We cannot assure you that we will declare dividends or have sufficient funds to pay dividends on our common stock” “Management’s Discussion in the future. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Description of Indebtedness,” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, for descriptions of restrictions on our abilityThis Offering—We cannot assure you that we will continue to pay dividends. Wedeclare dividends or have neither paid nor declared anysufficient funds to pay dividends on our common stock during fiscal years 2016, 2015 or 2014.stock.”

CAPITALIZATIONMARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK

Our shares of common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange, on January 27, 2017, under the trading symbol “REVG.” Prior to this listing, no public market existed for our common stock. The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalentsbelow shows the quoted high and capitalization as of October 29, 2016:

low sales prices in U.S. dollars on an actual basis; and

on an as adjusted basis to reflect (i) our receipt of the estimated net proceeds from the sale of 12,500,000New York Stock Exchange for shares of our common stock in this offering, after deductingfor the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us, at an assumed initial public offering priceindicated periods.

   U.S. Dollar price
per share
 
   High   Low 

Quarterly

    

2017

    

Fourth Quarter (through October 9, 2017)

   $ 29.32   $ 23.55 

Third Quarter (ended July 29, 2017)

  $31.60   $24.34 

Second Quarter ended April 29, 2017

  $29.24   $24.83 

First Quarter ended January 28, 2017 (from January 27, 2017)

  $25.81   $24.50 

Most Recent Six Months (Fiscal):

    

2017

    

October (September 24 through October 9, 2017)

  $29.25   $27.50 

September (August 27 through September 23)

  $ 27.86   $24.15 

August (July 30 through August 26)

  $28.13   $23.55 

July (June 25 through July 29)

  $29.19   $24.34 

June (May 28 through June 24)

  $31.60   $26.06 

May (April 30 through May 27)

  $28.85   $25.25 

April (March 26 through April 29)

  $29.10   $26.73 

As of $20.00 per share, the midpointOctober 5, 2017, there were approximately 54 holders of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus and (ii) the use of such proceeds as described in “Use of Proceeds.”

The as adjusted information below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other termsrecord of our initial public offering determined at pricing. You should read this information together with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the information set forth under the headings “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

   As of October 29, 2016 
   Actual   As Adjusted(1) 
($ in thousands except par value and share amounts)    

Cash and cash equivalents

  $10,821    $10,821  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Long-term debt:

    

ABL Facility(2)

   80,000     40,718  

Senior Secured Notes(3)

   176,040     —    

Capital leases

   —       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term indebtedness (including current maturities)

   256,040     40,718  

Contingently redeemable common stock, 1,607,760 shares outstanding, actual; no shares outstanding, as adjusted(4)

   22,293     —    

Stockholders’ equity(5)(6):

    

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, 400,000 shares authorized and no shares outstanding, actual; 95,000,000 shares authorized and no shares outstanding, as adjusted

   —       —    

Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 46,000,000 shares authorized and 6,905,120 shares outstanding (excluding contingently redeemable common stock), actual; no shares authorized or outstanding, as adjusted

   —       —    

Class B common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 43,200,000 shares authorized and 42,684,320 shares outstanding, actual; no shares authorized or outstanding, as adjusted

   —       —    

Common stock, $0.001 par value per share, no shares authorized or outstanding, actual; 605,000,000 shares authorized and 63,697,200 shares outstanding, as adjusted

   —       64  

Additional paid-in capital(7)

   206,229     459,896  

Retained earnings(8)

   31,655     24,190  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   39     39  

Total stockholders’ equity

   237,923     484,189  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capitalization

  $516,256     524,907  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

(1)

A $1.00 per share increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, of our common stock would increase (decrease) our net proceeds by $11.7 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated

expenses payable by us. Each increase (decrease) of 1 million shares in the number of shares of common stock offered by us would increase (decrease) our net proceeds by $18.7 million, based upon the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
(2)The $300.0 million ABL Facility will mature on October 21, 2018 and is guaranteed on a senior secured basis by certain of our subsidiaries. As of October 29, 2016, there were $80 million outstanding borrowings and $6.2 million of outstanding letters of credit thereunder. Subsequent to October 29, 2016 and through January 12, 2017, consistent with our normal pattern of working capital fluctuations and to fund a small acquisition, we have drawn an additional amount under the ABL Facility of approximately $77.8 million. We intend to repay approximately $39.3 million aggregate principal amount of loans under the ABL Facility, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, with a portion of the net proceeds from this offering. There is no penalty for the repayment.
(3)Net of unamortized capitalized debt issuance costs of $3.5 million and unamortized original issue discount of $0.5 million.
(4)As adjusted for the reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to stockholders’ equity resulting from the expiration of the employee shareholders’ put options upon the completion of this offering. See Note 14 to our audited consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
(5)Prior to this offering, we expect to complete an 80-for-one stock split of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock and reclassify the Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, which is the same class as the shares being sold in this offering. All share amounts have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to this stock split at the time of its effectiveness.
(6)Does not include 1,109,240 stock options and 846,000 liability option awards outstanding as of October 29, 2016 that will vest upon the completion of this offering, as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition—Factors Affecting Our Performance.”
(7)As adjusted for reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to additional paid-in capital resulting from the expiration of the employee shareholders’ put options upon the completion of this offering, as described in Note 14 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
(8)As adjusted for the redemption in full of the Senior Secured Notes and reflects the write-off of debt issuance costs of $3.5 million ($2.3 million, net of tax), the write-off of original issue discount of $0.5 million ($0.3 million, net of tax) and call premium of $7.7 million ($4.9 million, net of tax).

DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of common stock and the adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock after this offering.

Our net tangible book value as of October 29, 2016 was approximately $51.7 million, or $1.01 per share of common stock. Adjusted net tangible book value representsThe actual number of shareholders is greater than this number of record holders and includes shareholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include shareholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

On October 9, 2017, the amountlast reported sale price of total assets, less goodwill, intangible assets and liabilities, and the adjusted net tangible book value per share represents the amount of total assets, less goodwill, intangible assets and liabilities, divided by the number ofour shares of common stock outstanding, after the sale of 12,500,000 shares of common stock in this offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us, at an assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the estimated price range on the cover of this prospectus. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $3.32 per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $15.68 per share to investors.

The following table illustrates the per share dilution:

Assumed initial public offering price per share

    $20.00  

Net tangible book value per share as of October 29, 2016(1)

  $1.01    

Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors

   3.32    
  

 

 

   

Adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering

     4.32  
    

 

 

 

Dilution per share to new investors

    $15.68  
    

 

 

 

(1)Reflects 51,197,200 outstanding shares of common stock.

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share would increase or decrease our adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $11.7 million, the adjusted net tangible book value per share by approximately $0.19 per share and the dilution to investors purchasing shares in this offering by approximately $0.81 per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

The following table summarizes, on an as adjusted basis as of October 29, 2016, the differences between the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and by investors participating in this offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses, at an assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus.

   Shares Purchased  Total Consideration  Average price
per share
 
   Number   Percent  Amount   Percent  

Existing stockholders

   51,197,200     80.4 $151,300,098     37.7 $2.96  

New investors

   12,500,000     19.6  250,000,000     62.3 $20.00  
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total

   63,697,200     100 $401,300,098     100 $6.30  

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share would increase or decrease the total consideration paid to us by new investors and total consideration paid to us by all shareholders by $11.7 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us. An increase or decrease of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease the total consideration paid to us by new investors and total consideration paid to us by all shareholders by approximately $18.7 million, assuming an initial public offering price of $20.00 per share, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.New York Stock Exchange was $29.19.

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth summary historical consolidated financial data for the periods presented and at the dates indicated below. We have derived the selected consolidated financial data for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 from our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements, appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. We have derived the selected consolidated financial data for fiscal years 2013 and 2012 from our audited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this prospectus. We have derived the balance sheet data as of July 29, 2017, and the statement of operations for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited consolidated financial information set forth below on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements and have included all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and operating results for such periods.

HistoricalThe results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods. The summary historical consolidated data presented below should be read in conjunction with the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and the related notes and other financial data appearing elsewhere in the prospectus.

 

 Fiscal Year Ended  Nine Months Ended Fiscal Year Ended 
(in thousands except per share data) October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 October 31,
2013
 October 31,
2012
  July 29,
2017
 July 30,
2016
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 October 31,
2013
 October 31,
2012
 
 (unaudited)           

Net sales

 $1,925,999   $1,735,081   $1,721,116   $1,173,051   $1,013,871   $1,583,855  $1,381,247  $1,925,999  $1,735,081  $1,721,116  $1,173,051  $1,013,871 

Cost of sales

 1,696,068   1,553,127   1,557,877   1,055,743   912,740   1,385,485  1,223,635  1,696,068  1,553,127  1,557,877  1,055,743  912,740 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Gross profit

 229,931   181,954   163,239   117,308   101,131   198,370  157,612  229,931  181,954  163,239  117,308  101,131 

Operating expenses:

            

Selling, general and administrative

 139,771   102,309   111,820   88,618   70,409   139,678  97,901  139,771  102,309  111,820  88,618  70,409 

Research and development costs

 4,815   5,106   8,275   1,863   6,325   3,360  3,763  4,815  5,106  8,275  1,863  6,325 

Restructuring costs(1)

 3,521   3,869   3,376   11,178    —    

Amortization of intangibles

 9,423   8,586   8,790   6,159   5,804  

Restructuring(1)

 3,479  2,807  3,521  3,869  3,376  11,178   —   

Amortization of intangible assets

 10,417  6,948  9,423  8,586  8,790  6,159  5,804 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total operating expenses

 157,530   119,870   132,261   107,818   82,538   156,934  111,419  157,530  119,870  132,261  107,818  82,538 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Operating income

 72,401   62,084   30,978   9,490   18,593   41,436  46,193  72,401  62,084  30,978  9,490  18,593 

Interest expense

 29,158   27,272   26,195   23,222   22,948  

Interest expense, net

 15,453  20,828  29,158  27,272  26,195  23,222  22,948 

Gain on bargain purchase(2)

  —      —      —     (36,495  —      —     —     —     —     —    (36,495  —   

Loss on debt extinguishment(3)

  —      —      —     9,220   1,478  

Loss on early extinguishment of debt(3)

 11,920   —     —     —     —    9,220  1,478 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes

 43,243   34,812   4,783   13,543   (5,833 14,063  25,365  43,243  34,812  4,783  13,543  (5,833

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

 13,050   11,935   3,295   (11,483 (769 5,362  7,254  13,050  11,935  3,295  (11,483 (769
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net income (loss)

 $30,193   $22,877   $1,488   $25,026   $(5,064 $8,701  $18,111  $30,193  $22,877  $1,488  $25,026  $(5,064
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding(4)

            

Basic

 51,587,164   52,761,380   52,789,250   47,456,240   42,153,760   59,617,447  51,706,320  51,587,164  52,761,380  52,789,250  47,456,240  42,153,760 

Diluted

 51,773,685   52,818,969   52,797,431   47,457,440   42,153,760   61,301,236  52,132,720  51,773,685  52,818,969  52,797,431  47,457,440  42,153,760 

Earnings per share of common stock

     

Income (loss) per share of common stock

       

Basic

 0.59   0.43   0.03   0.53   (0.12 $0.15  $0.35  $0.59  $0.43  $0.03  $0.53  $(0.12

Diluted

 0.58   0.43   0.03   0.53   (0.12 $0.14  $0.35  $0.58  $0.43  $0.03  $0.53  $(0.12

  
As of
  
 As of 
(in thousands) October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 October 31,
2013
 October 31,
2012
  July 29,
2017
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 October 31,
2013
 October 31,
2012
 
 (unaudited)           

Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

 $10,821   $4,968   $12,519   $18,025   $5,101   $14,132  $10,821  $4,968  $12,519  $18,025  $5,101 

Property, plant and equipment, net

 146,422   89,145   84,241   84,756   48,710   207,634  146,422  89,145  84,241  84,756  48,710 

Total assets

 889,019   695,821   705,687   707,238   501,228   1,246,082  889,019  695,821  705,687  707,238  501,228 

Total liabilities

 628,803   455,907   487,170   490,741   353,454   698,333  628,803  455,907  487,170  490,741  353,454 

Contingently redeemable common stock

 22,293   15,350   15,418   13,894   10,531    —    22,293  15,350  15,418  13,894  10,531 

Total shareholders’ equity

 237,923   224,564   203,099   202,603   137,243   547,749  237,923  224,564  203,099  202,603  137,243 

 

(1)

Restructuring costs incurred inIn the third quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2015 are related toyear 2017, the Company’s restructuringCompany restructured some of its management functions (including the move ofin its corporate headquarters from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee,

Wisconsin)Commercial segment and various product lines including, but not limited to, severancein its Corporate office and discontinued product costs. Restructuring costs in fiscal year 2015 include $3.9 million ofincurred personnel costs, including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8employee benefit payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.restructuring costs remained unpaid. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, KansasKS and Imlay City, Michigan. In connectionMI facilities. The Company recognized $2.0 million of costs associated with this plan, the Company incurredrelocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs related to severance and relocation costs duringwere recognized in fiscal year 2016. The Company expects to recognize additional restructuring costs related to the completion of this plan in fiscal year 2017.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2.8 million of costs associated with thisre-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2014 represent costs related to the MRV and SJC acquisitions and include $3.4 million of personnel costs, including severance, bonuses, vacation and dealer and distributor reassignment and a charge of $4.1 million of costs related to the disposition of inventory for discontinued products through discounted sales and returning material to vendors at a discount. Restructuring costs related to inventory are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2015 represent costs related to a restructuring of the Company’s management functions and various product lines, and include $3.9 million of personnel costs including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and $0.8 million of inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2014 represent costs related to the MRV and SJC acquisitions and include $3.4 million of personnel costs, including severance, bonuses, vacation and dealer and distributor reassignment and a charge of $4.1 million of costs related to the disposition of inventory for discontinued products through discounted sales and returning material to vendors at a discount. Restructuring costs related to inventory are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring costs incurred in fiscal year 2013 include severance and relocation costs, related to the relocation of MRV manufacturing to Decatur, Indiana, and the relocation of manufacturing of the assets of SJC to Winter Park, Florida.

 

(2)Bargain purchase gains related to the acquisitions of MRV, the assets of SJC and the commercial bus businesses of Thor Industries, Inc. (the “Thor Bus Acquisition” and, together with the acquisition of MRV and SJC, the “2013 Acquisitions”).

 

(3)On October 21, 2013,Includes prepayment premiums and write-offs of unamortized debt issuance costs and original issue discount recognized upon the Company issued $200 millionredemption of Senior Securedour Notes maturing on November 1, 2019 and entered into the ABL Facility for $150 million to pay off existing indebtedness and pay a portion of the purchase price for the Thor Bus Acquisition. In connection with this refinancing, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $9.2 million, which was comprised of prepayment fees andin February 2017, as well as the write-off of previously capitalizedunamortized debt issuance costs.costs from the Company’s previous revolving credit facility as a result of the Company’s ABL refinancing in April 2017.

On October 21, 2013, the Company issued $200 million of Senior Secured Notes maturing on November 1, 2019 and entered into the ABL Facility for $150 million to pay off existing indebtedness and pay a portion of the purchase price for the Thor Bus Acquisition. In connection with this refinancing, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $9.2 million, which was comprised of prepayment fees and thewrite-off of previously capitalized debt issuance costs.

In fiscal year 2012, the Company paid one of the tranches under its previous debt agreement. In connection with this refinance, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $1.5 million, which was comprised of prepayment fees and thewrite-off of previously capitalizedunamortized debt issuance costs.

 

(4)A reconciliation of the calculation of basic and diluted weighted-average shares of common stock is as follows:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended  Nine Months Ended Fiscal Year Ended 
  October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
   October 31,
2013
   October 31,
2012
  July 29,
2017
 July 30,
2016
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 October 31,
2013
 October 31,
2012
 

Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

   51,587,164     52,761,380     52,789,250     47,456,240     42,153,760   59,617,447  51,706,320  51,587,164  52,761,380  52,789,250  47,456,240  42,153,760 

Dilutive stock options

   186,521     57,589     8,181     1,200     0   1,670,652  426,400  186,521  57,589  8,181  1,200   —   

Dilutive restricted stock units

 13,137   —     —     —     —     —     —   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

   51,773,685     52,818,969     52,797,431     47,457,440     42,153,760   61,301,236  52,132,720  51,773,685  52,818,969  52,797,431  47,457,440  42,153,760 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this prospectus, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should read the “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” sections of this prospectus for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

REV is a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of specialty vehicles and related aftermarket parts and services. We serve a diversified customer base primarily in the United States through three segments: Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation. We provide customized vehicle solutions for applications including: essential needs (ambulances, fire apparatus, school buses, mobility vans and municipal transit buses), industrial and commercial (terminal trucks,cut-away buses and street sweepers) and consumer leisure (RVs and luxury buses). Our brand portfolio consists of 2629 well-established principal vehicle brands including many of the most recognizable names within our served markets. Several of our brands pioneered their specialty vehicle product categories and date back more than 50 years. We believe that in most of our markets, we hold the first or second market share position and estimate that approximately 72%61% of our net sales during the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 came from products where we believe we hold such share positions.

In fiscal year 2016, we sold approximately 17,300 units and we currently have an estimated installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles in operation. We believe this provides us with a competitive advantage and recurring replacement vehicle sales as many customers are brand-loyal and fleet owners frequently seek to standardize theirin-service fleets through repeat purchases of existing brands and product configurations. The specialty vehicle market is a complex and attractive market characterized by: (i) numerous niche markets with annual sales volumes generally between 3,000 and 25,000 units, (ii) highly customized vehicle configurations addressing unique customer applications and (iii) specialized customer bases and distribution channels (both dealer and direct). We believe the specialty vehicle market has historically been addressed primarily by smaller, less sophisticated companies, which has created an opportunity for market leadership by scaled and highly efficient producers such as REV. Under our current leadership, our focus on product innovation, life-cycle value leadership and operational improvement has strengthened our brands and market position while driving growth and expanding margins.

Our products are sold to municipalities, government agencies, private contractors, consumers and industrial and commercial end users. We have a diverse customer base with our top 10 customers representing approximately 25% of our net sales in fiscal year 2016, with no single customer representing more than 6% of our net sales over the same period. Our top 10 customers have maintained relationships with REV and its predecessor companies for an average of approximately 20 years. We believe our diverse end markets are favorably exposed to multiple secular growth drivers such as: rising municipal spending, a growing aged population, growing urbanization, growing student populations, the increasing popularity of outdoor and active lifestyles and the replacement of existingin-service vehicles including legislated replacements. In addition to these favorable underlying drivers of growth, we believe certain of our markets will benefit over the next several years from incremental demand created by the underinvestment in fleets following the 2008 recession. For example, we estimate that the cumulativepent-up replacement demand in the fire and emergency market is

approximately 15,00017,500 units, which represents 144%179% of the total fire and emergency market unit sales volume in

the United States and Canada in 2015.2016. However, we cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

Our business model utilizes our unique scale to drive profitable organic and acquisitive growth. We seek to gain market share by delivering high-quality products with customized attributes tailored to our customers’ product specifications, while simultaneously reducing costs and shortening delivery lead times. We aim to achieve this by standardizing and optimizing certain processes across our segments in areas including: procurement, engineering and product development, lean manufacturing, dealer management, pricing, and aftermarket parts sales. We believe our manufacturing and service network, consisting of 1521 manufacturing facilities and 1112 aftermarket service locations (called Regional Technical Centers or “RTCs”), provides us with a competitive advantage through the sharing of best practices, manufacturing flexibility based on relative facility utilization levels, delivery costs and lead times, economies of scale, customer service capabilities, and a complementary distribution system. Our business consists primarily of design, engineering, integration, and assembly activities, which require low levels of capital expenditures. Additionally, our business has a highly variable cost structure that results in operational flexibility, which we believe, when combined with low levels of capital expenditures, we believe can produce high returns on invested capital. Furthermore, our broad presence across the specialty vehicle market and large manufacturing and distribution network are important differentiators in our ability to grow through acquisitions. We seek to make synergistic acquisitions that further enhance our existing market positions or enter REV into new, attractive product segments. In the past 10 years, we have successfully integrated nine10 acquisitions and are in the process of integrating our latest three acquisitions of Midwest, Ferrara and AutoAbility. We have demonstrated the ability to grow and enhance the earnings profile of acquired businesses by either consolidating acquired businesses into our existing plant footprint or by introducing REV processes into the newly acquired businesses to drive profitable growth.

Segments

The Company has three business segments:

OurFire and Emergency.The Fire & Emergency segment sells fire apparatus equipment under the Emergency One(“E-ONE”) and, Kovatch Mobile Equipment (“KME”) and Ferrara brands and ambulances under the American Emergency Vehicles (“AEV”), Horton Emergency Vehicles (“Horton”), Leader Emergency Vehicles (“Leader”), Marque, McCoy Miller, Road Rescue, Wheeled Coach and Frontline brands. We believe we are the largest manufacturer by unit volume of fire and emergency vehicles in the United States and have one of the industry’s broadest portfolios of products including Type I ambulances (aluminum body mounted on a heavy truck-style chassis), Type II ambulances (van conversion ambulance typically favored fornon-emergency patient transportation), Type III ambulances (aluminum body mounted on avan-style chassis), pumpers (fire apparatus on a custom or commercial chassis with a water pump and small tank to extinguish fires), ladder trucks (fire apparatus with stainless steel or aluminum ladders), tanker trucks and rescue and other vehicles. Each of our individual brands is distinctly positioned and targets certain price and feature points in the market such that dealers often carry and customers often buy more than one REV Fire & Emergency product line. In April 2017, we acquired Ferrara, a leader in custom fire apparatus and rescue vehicles.

OurCommercial.Our Commercial segment serves the bus market through the following principal brands: Collins Bus, Goshen Coach, ENC, ElDorado National, Krystal Coach, Federal Coach, Champion and World Trans. We serve the terminal truck market through the Capacity brand, the sweeper market through theLay-Mor brand and the mobility market through the ElDorado Mobilityour recently recast Revability brand. See “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments.” We are a leading producer of small- andmedium-sized buses, Type A school buses, transit buses, terminal trucks and street sweepers in the United States. Our products in the Commercial segment includecut-away buses (customized body built on various types and sizes of commercial chassis), transit buses (large municipal buses where we build our own chassis and body), luxury buses (bus-style(bus-style limo orhigh-end luxury conversions), street sweepers (three- and four-wheel versions used in road construction activities), terminal trucks (specialized vehicle which moves freight in warehouses or intermodal yards and ports), Type A school

buses (small school bus built on commercial chassis), and mobility vans (mini-van(mini-van converted to be utilized by wheelchair passengers). Within each market segment, we produce a large number of customized configurations to address the diverse needs of our customers.

OurRecreation.Our Recreation segment serves the RV market through foursix principal brands: American Coach, Fleetwood RV, Monaco Coach, Holiday Rambler, Renegade RV and Holiday Rambler.Midwest Automotive Designs. We believe these brands are amongour brand portfolio contains some of the longest standing, most recognized brands in the RV industry. Prior to the 2008 recession, as segments of larger public companies, they generated over $2 billion of annual sales in each of the calendar years 2004 and 2005 and represented approximately 36% of the Class A market in calendar year 2005 and an even higher percentage share of just the diesel portion of the Class A market. Under these foursix brands, REV provides a variety of highly recognized models such as: American Eagle, Dynasty, Discovery, Bounder, and Pace Arrow, Verona and Weekender, among others. Our products in the Recreation segment currently include only Class A motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a heavy duty chassis with either diesel or gas engine configurations), Class C and Class C“Super C” motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a commercial truck or van chassis), a line of heavy-duty special application trailers, and as a result of the acquisition of Midwest, Class B RVs (motorhomes built on a van chassis). The Recreation segment also includes Goldshield Fiberglass, which produces a wide range of custom molded fiberglass products for the RV and broader industrial markets. Within our RecreationIn December 2016, we acquired Renegade RV, a leader in the “Super C” segment we are one of the top producersRV market and producer of a line of heavy-duty special application trailers. In April 2017, we acquired Midwest, a leading producer of Class A dieselB RVs and gas motorized RVs with a 14% market share as of October 2016 and we believe we are the fastest-growing participant in the market place based on market share, with our fiscal year 2016 unit sales growing 9% compared to fiscal year 2015. We are focused on recapturing the significant market share which our four principal brands enjoyed prior to 2008.custom luxury vans.

Factors Affecting Our Performance

The primary factors affecting our results of operations include:

General Economic Conditions

Our business is impacted by the U.S. economic environment, employment levels, consumer confidence, municipal spending, changes in interest rates and instability in securities markets around the world, among other factors. In particular, changes in the U.S. economic climate can impact demand in key end markets.

RV purchases are discretionary in nature and therefore sensitive to the availability of financing, consumer confidence, unemployment levels, levels of disposable income and changing levels of consumer home equity, among other factors. The 2008 recession caused consumers to reduce their discretionary spending, which negatively affected sales volumes for RVs. Terminal truck sales volumes are also impacted by economic conditions and industrial output, as these factors impact ourend-market customers for these products, which include shipping ports, trucking/distribution hubs and rail terminal operators. Although RV and terminal truck sales have increased in recent years, these markets are affected by general U.S. and global economic conditions, which create risks that future economic downturns will further reduce consumer demand and negatively impact our sales.

While less economically sensitive than the Recreation segment, our Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments are also impacted by the overall economic environment. Local tax revenues are an important source of funding for fire and emergency response departments. Reduced municipal tax revenues resulting from the 2008 recession led to a decline in these markets. As fire and emergency products and school buses are typically a larger cost item for municipalities and their service life is relatively long, their purchase is more deferrable, which can result in reduced demand for our products.

A decrease in employment levels, consumer confidence or the availability of financing, or other adverse economic events, or the failure of actual demand for our products to meet our estimates, could negatively affect the demand for our products. Any decline in overall customer demand in markets in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our operating performance.

Cost Management Initiatives

Our recent operating results reflect the impact of our ongoing initiatives to lower our operating costs to expand our margins. Purchased materials, including chassis, represent our largest component of costs of sales. We operate a centralized strategic procurement organization dedicated to reducing our overall level of materials spend across our three segments, while simplifying and standardizing suppliers and parts.

Impact of Acquisitions

For the past several years, a significant component of our growth has been the addition of businesses or business units through acquisitions. We typically incur upfront costs as we integrate acquired businesses and implement our operating philosophy at newly acquired companies, including consolidation of supplies and materials, changes to production processes at acquired facilities to implement manufacturing improvements and other restructuring initiatives. The benefits of these integration efforts may not positively impact our financial results until subsequent periods. Operational and financial integration of our recently acquired businesses could be ongoing.

In accordance with GAAP, we recognize acquired assets and liabilities at fair value. This includes the recognition of identified intangible assets and goodwill which, in the case of definite-life intangible assets, are then amortized over their expected useful lives, which typically results in an increase in amortization expense. In addition, assets acquired and liabilities assumed generally includes tangibleinclude intangible assets, as well as contingent assets and liabilities.

Our Fire & Emergency segment results for fiscal year 2016 include the results of KME since the date of its acquisition on April 22, 2016. Net sales and operating loss attributed to KME were $97.2 million and ($0.5) million, respectively, from April 22, 2016 through October 29, 2016. The operating loss is principally attributable to one-time integration costs and additional expenses resulting from purchase accounting adjustments required by GAAP.

Impact of Initial Public Offering

Prior to this offering,our IPO, our stockholders were party to a shareholders agreement that will bewas amended and restated in its entirety.entirety as a result of the IPO. That shareholders agreement provided for, among other things, an employee stockholder to sell their stock back to the Company when he or she is terminated by the Company without cause or for good reason, death, disability, retirement or dissolution. This provision required us to recognize the value of these outstanding shares as temporary equity in our consolidated statement of operations, with changes in the fair value recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings. The aforementioned rights of the employee stockholder to sell his or her shares of common stock lapsed upon completion of our IPO and, at that time, those outstanding shares which were held by an employee were reclassified to shareholders’ equity on our consolidated balance sheet. As a result of October 29, 2016,the IPO, the fair value of our common stock held by employees subject to the shareholders agreement was $22.3 million. The aforementioned rights of the employee stockholder to sell his or her shares of common stock will lapse upon completion of an initial public offering and, as such, subsequent to this offering, those shares$35.4 million, which are held by an employee and remain outstanding will bewas reclassified to shareholders’ equityadditional paid in capital on ourthe Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The amended and restated shareholders agreement will not contain a similar right. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement.”balance sheet on the IPO date.

Stock Compensation Expense

As of October 29, 2016, the Company had 1,955,240 stock options outstanding which will vest upon the completion of this offering. Of that total, 1,109,240 stock options have total unrecognized stock compensation expense of $3.9 million. The total stock compensation expense for these stock options is based upon the fair value on the date of grant and is amortized over the vesting period, and it is not impacted by the offering price of the Company’s common stock in this offering. As a result of this offering,our IPO, outstanding stock options which had previously been recorded as a liability on the Company’s balance sheet will bewere reclassified to permanent equity. Concurrent withOn the completiondate of this offering,the IPO, vesting of 846,000 of outstandingthese liability awards were accelerated, and there were 1,528,000 of vested liability option awards. All liability option awards will immediately vest, and, the vested portion of these outstanding options will be re-measuredwere remeasured at fair value based upon the share price on the offering date. Based on the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00$22.00 per share, which is the midpointshare. Also as a result of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus,IPO, the Company will record $15.2 million of non-recurring additionalrecorded stock compensation expense. Each $1.00 increase or decreaseexpense for $13.3 million due to the change in fair value of the assumed initial public offering price of $20.00 per share would increase or decrease this additionalliability option awards and $8.9 million due to stock options which immediately vested. The Company expects stock compensation expenses byexpense to be approximately $1.5 million.$0.3 to $0.5 million per quarter for the rest of fiscal 2017.

Key Performance Indicators

In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of operational and financial measures. These measures include net sales and units sold, selling, general and administrative expenses, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income. In assessing segment performance, our chief executive officer, as the chief operating decision maker, analyzes the primary financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA.

Net Sales and Units Sold

We evaluate net sales and units sold because it helps us measure the impact of economic trends, the effectiveness of our marketing, the response of customers to new product launches and model changes, and the

effect of competition over a given period. We recognize revenue for sales of completed vehicles upon shipment or delivery and acceptance by the dealer or customer as specified by the relevant dealer or customer purchase order.

Our units present a wide range of products at various price points, with higher value-added units at higher price points typically resulting in higher gross margins. Additionally, large orders of similar units typically provide operational efficiencies that contribute to higher gross margins. As such, our management also utilizes unit volume sales mix to analyze our business.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

We evaluate our selling, general and administrative expenses in order to identify areas where we can create savings, such as third-party services cost reduction and process improvements. These expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, sales and marketing expenses, as well as other expenses associated with facilities unrelated to our supply chain network, internal management expenses and expenses for finance, information systems, legal, business development, human resources, purchasing and other administrative departments.costs.

The components of our selling, general and administrative expenses may not be identical to those of our competitors. As a result, data in this prospectus regarding our operating and administrative expenses may not be comparable to similar expenses of our competitors. We expect that our selling, general and administrative expenses will increase in future periods due to additional legal, accounting, insurance and other expenses we expect to incur as a result of being a newly public company.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are the primary metrics we use to evaluate the financial performance of our business. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are also frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our markets. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are useful performance measures and we use them to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period and to provide for a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. In addition to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income, we also utilize the metric of Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales as a complimentary measurement of performance among our businesses and versus our competitors. We also use Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income as primary methods for planning and forecasting overall expected performance and for evaluating on a quarterly and annual basis actual results against such expectations, and as a performance evaluation metric in determining achievement of certain compensation programs and plans for employees, including our senior executives.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are not presentations made in accordance with GAAP, nor are they measures of financial condition or liquidity and they should not be considered as an alternative to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities or net income (loss), respectively, for the period determined in accordance with GAAP. See “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data” for a discussion of our use of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income in this prospectus.

Results of Operations

Nine months ended July 29, 2017 compared with the nine months ended July 30, 2016

   Nine Months Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
($ in thousands)  July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   $  % 
            

Net sales

  $1,583,855   $1,381,247   $202,608   14.7

Cost of sales

   1,385,485    1,223,635    161,850   13.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Gross profit

   198,370    157,612    40,758   25.9

Operating Expenses:

       

Selling, general and administrative

   139,678    97,901    41,777   42.7

Research and development costs

   3,360    3,763    (403  (10.7)% 

Restructuring

   3,479    2,807    672   23.9

Amortization of intangible assets

   10,417    6,948    3,469   49.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   156,934    111,419    45,515   40.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Operating income

   41,436    46,193    (4,757  (10.3)% 

Interest expense, net

   15,453    20,828    (5,375  (25.8)% 

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

   11,920    —      11,920   —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   14,063    25,365    (11,302  (44.6)% 

Provision for income taxes

   5,362    7,254    (1,892  (26.1)% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income

  $8,701   $18,111   $(9,410  (52.0)% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $104,140   $80,841   $23,299   28.8

Adjusted Net Income

  $46,677   $34,233   $12,444   36.4

Net Sales. Consolidated net sales were $1,583.9 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $202.6 million, or 14.7%, from $1,381.2 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in consolidated net sales was primarily due to an increase in net sales of $142.5 million and $113.4 million in the Fire & Emergency and Recreation segments, respectively, offset by a decrease in net sales of $55.6 million in the Commercial segment. The increase in Fire & Emergency segment net sales were due to $104.1 million of incremental net sales from acquired companies, higher fire apparatus unit volumes, and higher average selling prices for both fire trucks and ambulances. The increase in net sales in the Recreation segment was primarily due to higher unit sales volumes of Class A and Class C vehicles, and $66.9 million of incremental net sales from acquired companies. The decrease in Commercial segment net sales was primarily due to lower shuttle bus unit volume compared to the prior year period. Excluding net sales from acquired companies, net sales for the first nine months of fiscal 2017 increased $23.7 million or 1.7% compared to the same period in the prior year.

Cost of Sales. Consolidated cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 87.5% for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 as compared to 88.6% for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The decrease in consolidated cost of sales, as a percentage of net sales, was primarily due to net reductions in the costs of materials resulting from specific sourcing initiatives, lower cost of quality, and the benefits of higher production volumes. In addition, cost of sales in the nine months ended July 29, 2017, were lower as a percent of net sales due to strategic pricing initiatives for certain vehicle classes.

Gross Profit. Consolidated gross profit was $198.4 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $40.8 million, or 25.9% from $157.6 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. Consolidated gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was 12.5% and 11.4% for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively. The 111 basis points increase in gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was due to the combination of higher net sales and lower cost of sales described above.

Selling, General and Administrative. Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses were $139.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $41.8 million, or 42.7%, from

$97.9 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 8.8% and 7.1% for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was due primarily to increased stock-based compensation expense as a result of our IPO, expenses from acquired companies and higher employee payroll and benefit costs compared to the prior year. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 included $26.1 million of stock-based compensation expense. Theyear-to-date compensation expense is made up of $13.3 million for the remeasurement of liability awards to our IPO share price, $8.9 million related to the accelerated vesting of liability awards and stock options resulting from the completion of our IPO and $3.3 million related to the redemption of performance-based stock options.

Research and Development. Consolidated research and development costs were $3.4 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 10.7% from $3.8 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016.

Restructuring. Consolidated restructuring costs were $3.5 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, compared to $2.8 million in the nine months ended July 30, 2016. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, Kansas and Imlay City, Michigan and the relocation of our Eldorado mobility van production facility from Salina, Kansas to Longview, Texas. Restructuring expenses in the current year represent costs incurred to restructure some of the Company’s management functions in the Commercial segment and in our Corporate office. Costs incurred in the current year quarter consisted of personnel costs, including severance, vacation and other employee benefit payments.

Amortization of Intangible Assets. Consolidated amortization of intangible assets was $10.4 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, compared to $6.9 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in amortization expense was due to the amortization of the intangible assets recorded as part of the acquisition of KME in April 2016, Renegade in December 2016 and Midwest and Ferrara in April 2017.

Interest Expense. Consolidated interest expense was $15.5 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $5.4 million, or 25.8% from $20.8 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016, respectively. Interest expense decreased primarily due to the repayment of our Notes in February 2017 with net proceeds from our IPO.

Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt. Loss on early extinguishment of debt was $11.9 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, which includes losses recognized upon the redemption of our Notes in February 2017 and our April 2017re-financing. The Company paid a prepayment premium of $7.7 million and wrote off $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.4 million of original issue discount resulting from the redemption of our Notes. Loss on early extinguishment of debt also includes thewrite-off of $0.7 million of unamortized debt issuance costs as a result of our debtre-financing in April 2017.

Income Taxes. Consolidated income tax expense was $5.4 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $1.9 million from a $7.3 million expense for the nine months ended July 30, 2016, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 38.1% and 28.6% for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively. The increase in the Company’s effective income tax rate relates primarily to a discrete adjustment to deferred income tax balances in the prior year.

Net Income. Consolidated net income was $8.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $9.4 million, or 52.0% from net income of $18.1 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. This decrease in net income was due to the current year impact of variousone-time items relating to our IPO and debtre-financings, offset by higher gross profit from increased net sales.

Adjusted Net Income. Consolidated Adjusted Net Income was $46.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $12.4 million, or 36.4% from $34.2 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016.

Adjusted EBITDA. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA was $104.1 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $23.3 million, or 28.8%, from $80.8 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was due to an increase in gross profit, resulting from higher net sales, lower manufacturing costs and the impact of acquisitions. Excluding acquisitions, consolidated Adjusted EBITDA increased 16.5% for the first nine months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first nine-months of fiscal 2016.

Fire & Emergency Segment

   Nine Months Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $666,465   $523,969   $142,496    27.2

Adjusted EBITDA

   70,188    55,859    14,329    25.7

Net Sales. F&E segment net sales were $666.5 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $142.5 million, or 27.2%, from $524.0 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. Net sales of fire apparatus increased $126.8 million due primarily to incremental net sales of $104.1 million from KME and Ferrara, which were acquired in April 2016 and April 2017, respectively, and a greater mix of high content fire apparatus, compared to the prior year period. Net sales of ambulance units increased $15.7 million compared to the prior year period due to an increased mix of higher content vehicles. Excluding the impact of net sales from acquired companies, Fire & Emergency segment net sales increased 5.8% compared to the prior year period.

Adjusted EBITDA. F&E segment Adjusted EBITDA was $70.2 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $14.3 million, or 25.7%, from $55.9 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to increased net sales from KME and Ferrara, mix shift toward higher content fire apparatus and modular ambulance vehicles, and operational improvements at KME, including lower material costs and manufacturing cost reductions, and strategic pricing initiatives. These Adjusted EBITDA increases were partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses from acquired companies. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, Fire & Emergency segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 19.9% compared to the prior year period.

Commercial Segment

   Nine Months Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $444,166   $499,760   $(55,594   (11.1)% 

Adjusted EBITDA

   35,708    37,268    (1,560   (4.2)% 

Net Sales. Commercial segment net sales were $444.2 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $55.6 million, or 11.1%, from $499.8 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The decrease in net sales was due primarily to a decrease in shuttle bus units sold compared to the prior year period, partially offset by higher sales of transit buses and school buses compared to the prior year period. This was also partially offset by higher average realized pricing compared to the prior year period due to sales mix and strategic pricing initiatives.

Adjusted EBITDA. Commercial segment Adjusted EBITDA was $35.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, a decrease of $1.6 million, or 4.2%, from $37.3 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to reduced shuttle bus unit volume compared to the prior year, which was offset by increased average realized pricing, and a shift in sales mix toward school buses, transit buses and terminal trucks.

Recreation Segment

   Nine Months Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $470,917   $357,518   $113,399    31.7

Adjusted EBITDA

   21,714    6,854    14,860    216.8

Net Sales. Recreation segment net sales were $470.9 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $113.4 million, or 31.7%, from $357.5 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in net sales was due to an increase in organic unit volume and average selling prices as well as the impact of acquired companies. The increase in organic unit volume was due to an increase in both Class A and Class C units sold for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 compared to the prior year period. The increase in average selling prices was due to an improved mix of sales, compared to the prior year period, as well as strategic pricing actions. Net sales from acquired companies were $66.9 million during the nine months ended July 29, 2017. Excluding the impact of net sales from acquired companies, Recreation segment net sales increased 13.0% compared to the prior year period.

Adjusted EBITDA. Recreation segment Adjusted EBITDA was $21.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, an increase of $14.9 million, or 216.8%, from $6.9 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to an increase in gross profit offset partially by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. The increase in gross profit was due to higher unit sales volumes, lower cost of materials, lower cost of quality, higher average selling prices resulting from product mix, and the impact of acquired companies. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was due primarily to expenses from acquired companies. Excluding the impact of acquisitions, Recreation segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 118.6% compared to the prior year period.

Fiscal Year 2016 Compared to Fiscal Year 2015

 

  Fiscal Year Ended   Increase (Decrease)   Fiscal Year Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
  October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $ %   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $ % 
($ in thousands)                            

Net sales

  $1,925,999    $1,735,081    $190,918   11.0  $1,925,999   $1,735,081   $190,918  11.0

Cost of sales

   1,696,068     1,553,127     142,941   9.2   1,696,068    1,553,127    142,941  9.2
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Gross profit

   229,931     181,954     47,977   26.4   229,931    181,954    47,977  26.4

Operating Expenses:

              

Selling, general and administrative

   139,771     102,309     37,462   36.6   139,771    102,309    37,462  36.6

Research and development costs

   4,815     5,106     (291 (5.7%)    4,815    5,106    (291 (5.7%) 

Restructuring

   3,521     3,869     (348 (9.0%)    3,521    3,869    (348 (9.0%) 

Amortization of intangibles

   9,423     8,586     837   9.7

Amortization of intangible assets

   9,423    8,586    837  9.7
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total operating expenses

   157,530     119,870     37,660   31.4   157,530    119,870    37,660  31.4
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Operating income

   72,401     62,084     10,317   16.6   72,401    62,084    10,317  16.6

Interest expense

   29,158     27,272     1,886   6.9   29,158    27,272    1,886  6.9
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   43,243     34,812     8,431   24.2   43,243    34,812    8,431  24.2

Provision for income taxes

   13,050     11,935     1,115   9.3   13,050    11,935    1,115  9.3
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net income

  $30,193    $22,877    $7,316   32.0  $30,193   $22,877   $7,316  32.0
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $127,203    $90,126    $37,077   41.1  $127,203   $90,126   $37,077  41.1

Adjusted Net Income

  $55,049    $34,017    $21,032   61.8  $55,049   $34,017   $21,032  61.8

Net Sales. Consolidated net sales were $1,926.0 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $190.9 million, or 11.0%, from $1,735.1 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in consolidated net sales was primarily due to an increase in net sales of $147.9 million and $65.1 million in the Fire & Emergency and Recreation segments, respectively, offset by a decrease in net sales of $22.9 million in the Commercial segment. Increases in Fire &

Emergency segment net sales were due to higher fire apparatus volumes, $97.2 million of net sales from KME, which was acquired in April 2016, and higher average selling prices for both fire apparatus and ambulances. Higher net sales in the Recreation segment were due to higher unit sales volumes primarily in its Class A diesel products. Lower Commercial segment net sales were primarily due to lower shuttle bus units shipped during fiscal year 2016.

Cost of Sales. Consolidated cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 88.1% for fiscal year 2016 as compared to 89.5% for fiscal year 2015. The decrease in consolidated cost of sales, as a percentage of net sales, was primarily due to a decrease in cost of sales in the Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments, offset by an increase in cost of sales in the Recreation segment. The aggregate reduction in cost of sales for the Company was due to the enterprise-wide implementation of strategic price increases, net reductions in the costs of materials resulting from specific sourcing initiatives, and the benefits of higher unit sales volumes.

Gross Profit. Consolidated gross profit was $229.9 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $48.0 million, or 26.4% from $182.0 million for fiscal year 2015. Consolidated gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was 11.9% and 10.5% for fiscal year 2016 and fiscal year 2015, respectively. The increase in gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was due to the combination of higher net sales and lower cost of sales described above.

Selling, General and Administrative. Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses were $139.8 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $37.5 million, or 36.6%, from $102.3 million for fiscal year 2015. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of sales, were 7.3% and 5.9% for fiscal year 2016 and fiscal year 2015, respectively. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was due primarily to increased corporate and marketing expenses. In addition, selling, general and administrative

expenses for fiscal year 2016 included $19.7 million of stock-based compensation expense, of which $10.3 million pertains to the acceleration and repurchase of outstanding options from former employees and $6.5 million pertains to the remeasurement of outstanding liability awards to fair value, which were required to be recorded at fair value as a result of becoming a public entity after the filing of this prospectus with the SEC.

Research and Development. Consolidated research and development costs for fiscal year 2016 were $4.8 million, a decrease of $0.3 million, or 5.7% from $5.1 million for fiscal year 2015. The reduction was largely due to the timing and mix of product development programs and testing, with higher spending in fiscal year 2015 for a fully redesigned terminal truck that was introduced to the market in 2015 and for the development of new RV models introduced in 2015 and 2016.

Restructuring. Consolidated restructuring costs were $3.5 million for fiscal year 2016, compared to $3.9 million in fiscal 2015. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, Kansas and Imlay City, Michigan.

Amortization of IntangiblesIntangible Assets. Consolidated amortization of intangiblesintangible assets was $9.4 million for fiscal year 2016, compared to $8.6 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in amortization expenses was due primarily to the amortization of the additional intangible assets recorded as part of the acquisition of KME in April 2016.

Interest Expense. Consolidated interest expense was $29.2 million and $27.3 million for fiscal year 2016 and fiscal year 2015, respectively. The increase in consolidated interest expense was due primarily to additional interest expense from our ABL Facility, which was primarily due to higher borrowings for capital expenditures and business acquisitions compared to the prior year.

Income Taxes. Consolidated income tax expense was $13.1 million in fiscal year 2016, an increase of $1.1 million compared to $11.9 million in fiscal year 2015. The effective income tax rate was 30.2% and 34.3%

for fiscal year 2016 and fiscal year 2015, respectively. The decrease in the Company’s effective income tax rate for fiscal year 2016, relative to the prior fiscal year, related primarily to a discrete adjustment to deferred income tax balances. The adjustment was not material to the Company’s current or previously issued financial statements.

Net Income. Consolidated net income was $30.2 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $7.3 million, or 32.0% from $22.9 million for fiscal year 2015.

Adjusted EBITDA. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA was $127.2 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $37.1 million, or 41.1%, from $90.1 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to an increase in gross profit, offset partially by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Adjusted Net Income. Consolidated Adjusted Net Income was $55.0 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $21.0 million, or 61.8% from $34.0 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in Adjusted Net Income was primarily due to an increase in gross profit, offset partially by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Fire & Emergency Segment

 

   Fiscal Years Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $768,053   $620,161   $147,892    23.8

Adjusted EBITDA

   85,170    63,306    21,864    34.5

Net Sales. Fire & Emergency segment net sales were $768.1 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $147.9 million, or 23.8%, from $620.2 million for fiscal year 2015. Net sales of fire apparatus increased $134.1 million compared to the prior year, due primarily to net sales of $97.2 million from KME, which was acquired in April 2016, net sales of $38.3 million from theHall-Mark RTC, which was acquired in November 2015, and a larger mix of higher content units from our legacy fire business. Net sales of ambulance units increased $13.8 million compared to the prior year due primarily to sales mix of higher content units, offset by lower unit volume. In addition, net sales across all Fire & Emergency products increased due to the implementation of strategic price increases for certain models and markets.

Adjusted EBITDA. Fire & Emergency segment Adjusted EBITDA was $85.2 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $21.9 million, or 34.5%, from $63.3 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to increased average realized pricing, procurement initiatives and other operational improvements, as well as increased net sales from the acquired KME and the Hall-Mark RTC businesses, which was partially offset by (i) reduced units shipped compared to the prior year and (ii) an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Commercial Segment

 

   Fiscal Years Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $679,033   $701,980   $(22,947   (3.3)% 

Adjusted EBITDA

   53,414    39,095    14,319    36.6

Net Sales. Commercial segment net sales were $679.0 million for fiscal year 2016, a decrease of $22.9 million, or 3.3%, from $702.0 million for fiscal year 2015. The decrease in net sales was due primarily to a

decrease in shuttle bus unit volume due to selective bid participation, partially offset by higher sales of Type A school buses and transit buses compared to the prior year. This was also partially offset by higher average realized pricing compared to the prior year.

Adjusted EBITDA. Commercial segment Adjusted EBITDA was $53.4 million for fiscal 2016, an increase of $14.3 million, or 36.6%, from $39.1 million for fiscal 2015. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to increased average realized pricing and lower material costs, as well as lower selling, general and administrative expenses, which was partially offset by reduced unit volume compared to the prior year.

Recreation Segment

 

  Fiscal Years Ended   Increase (Decrease)   Fiscal Years Ended   Increase (Decrease) 
  October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $   %   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $   % 
($ in thousands)                                

Net sales

  $478,071    $412,940    $65,131     15.8  $478,071   $412,940   $65,131    15.8

Adjusted EBITDA

   11,005     1,507     9,498     630.3   11,005    1,507    9,498    630.3

Net Sales. Recreation segment net sales were $478.1 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $65.1 million, or 15.8%, from $412.9 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in net sales was due primarily to an increase in Class A diesel and Class C units sold compared to the prior year due to greater end market demand and lower net sales from the intentional slowdown in production in the prior year. This was partially offset by fewer units sold of Class A gas models compared to the prior year.

Adjusted EBITDA. Recreation segment Adjusted EBITDA was $11.0 million for fiscal year 2016, an increase of $9.5 million, or 630.3%, from $1.5 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to an increase in unit volume, benefits from procurement initiatives and lower sales discounting, partially offset by (i) the increase in cost of sales as a percentage of net sales due to product mix and (ii) an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Fiscal Year 2015 Compared to Fiscal Year 2014

 

  Fiscal Year Ended
October 31,
   Increase (Decrease)   Fiscal Year Ended
October 31,
   Increase (Decrease) 
  2015   2014   $ %           2015                   2014           $ % 
($ in thousands)                            

Net sales

  $1,735,081    $1,721,116    $13,965   0.8  $1,735,081   $1,721,116   $13,965  0.8

Cost of sales

   1,553,127     1,557,877     (4,750 (0.3)%    1,553,127    1,557,877    (4,750 (0.3)% 
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Gross profit

   181,954     163,239     18,715   11.5   181,954    163,239    18,715  11.5

Operating Expenses:

              

Selling, general and administrative

   102,309     111,820     (9,511 (8.5)%    102,309    111,820    (9,511 (8.5)% 

Research and development costs

   5,106     8,275     (3,169 (38.3)%    5,106    8,275    (3,169 (38.3)% 

Restructuring

   3,869     3,376     493   14.6   3,869    3,376    493  14.6

Amortization of intangibles

   8,586     8,790     (204 (2.3)% 

Amortization of intangible assets

   8,586    8,790    (204 (2.3)% 
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Total operating expenses

   119,870     132,261     (12,391 (9.4)%    119,870    132,261    (12,391 (9.4)% 
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Operating income

   62,084     30,978     31,106   100.4   62,084    30,978    31,106  100.4

Interest expense

   27,272     26,195     1,077   4.1   27,272    26,195    1,077  4.1
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Income before provision for income taxes

   34,812     4,783     30,029   627.8   34,812    4,783    30,029  627.8

Provision for income taxes

   11,935     3,295     8,640   262.2   11,935    3,295    8,640  262.2
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Net income

  $22,877    $1,488    $21,389   1437.4  $22,877   $1,488   $21,389  1437.4
  

 

   

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

 

  

Adjusted EBITDA

  $90,126    $61,513    $28,613   46.5  $90,126   $61,513   $28,613  46.5

Adjusted Net Income

  $34,017    $14,457    $19,560   135.3  $34,017   $14,457   $19,560  135.3

Net Sales. Consolidated net sales in fiscal year 2015 were $1,735.1 million, an increase of $14.0 million, or 0.8%, compared to $1,721.1 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in consolidated net sales was due to an increase in net sales in the Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments, offset by a decrease in net sales in the Recreation segment. Higher Fire & Emergency net sales were due to higher fire apparatus volumes and higher average selling prices of ambulance units. Higher Commercial net sales were due to higher unit volumes and lower Recreation segment net sales were due to lower unit volumes. Both the Fire & Emergency segment and the Commercial segment net sales were also higher in fiscal year 2015 due to the impact of targeted price increases for certain models and in certain markets.

Cost of Sales. Consolidated cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 89.5% in fiscal year 2015 as compared to 90.5% in fiscal year 2014. Cost of sales includes inventory obsolescence reserves of $0.8 million and $4.1 million in fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2014, respectively, which were due to restructuring of product lines in the Recreation segment. The decrease in consolidated cost of sales, as a percentage of net sales, was primarily due to a reduction of cost of sales, as a percentage of net sales in the Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments, offset by an increase in the Recreation segment. Overall the lower cost of sales as a percentage of net sales in fiscal year 2015 compared to fiscal year 2014 was due to the impact of higher selling prices, product sales mix shift toward higher value added content vehicles and lower cost of materials.

Gross Profit. Consolidated gross profit in fiscal year 2015 was $182.0 million, an increase of $18.7 million, or 11.5%, compared to $163.2 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in consolidated gross profit was due to an increase in gross profit in the Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments, offset by a decrease in gross profit in the Recreation segment. The increase in gross profit was the result of the decreases in cost of sales as a percentage of net sales described above.

Selling, General and Administrative. Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses were $102.3 million in fiscal year 2015, a decrease of $9.5 million, or 8.5%, compared to $111.8 million in fiscal year 2014. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was mainly due to reduced costs associated

with the acquired RV brands as compared to fiscal year 2014, and due to lower incentive compensation expense. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 5.9% and 6.5% in fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2014, respectively.

Research and Development. Consolidated research and development costs were $5.1 million in fiscal year 2015, a decrease of $3.2 million, or 38.3%, compared to $8.3 million in fiscal year 2014. The decrease was primarily due to fewer research and development costs in fiscal year 2015 associated with the redesign of acquired RV brands and new products which were launched during fiscal year 2015.

Restructuring. Consolidated restructuring costs were $3.9 million in fiscal year 2015 related to a Company-wide restructuring of management functions and product lines within the Commercial and Recreation segments as well as Corporate. Restructuring costs were $3.4 million in fiscal year 2014 related to the Company’s exit from thenon-motorized towable RV market associated with the relocation of the remaining MRV operations from Elkhart, Indiana to our Decatur, Indiana facilities.

Amortization of IntangiblesIntangible Assets. Consolidated amortization of intangible assets expense was $8.6 million in fiscal year 2015, compared to $8.8 million in fiscal year 2014.

Operating Income. Consolidated operating income was $62.1 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $31.1 million, or 100.4%, compared to $31.0 million in fiscal year 2014. The growth in operating income was the result of the increase in gross profits and reduction in operating expenses described above.

Interest Expense. Consolidated interest expense was $27.3 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $1.1 million, or 4.1%, compared to $26.2 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in interest expense was due primarily to increased interest on vehicle chassis purchases and interest paid on customer deposits in the Fire & Emergency segment.

Income Taxes. Consolidated income tax expense was $11.9 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $8.6 million compared to $3.3 million in fiscal year 2014. The effective income tax rate was 34.3% and 68.9% for fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2014, respectively. The decrease in the Company’s effective income tax rate for fiscal year 2015, relative to the prior fiscal year, related primarily tonon-deductible transaction costs associated with business acquisitions.

Net Income. Consolidated net income for fiscal year 2015 was $22.9 million, an increase of $21.4 million, or 1437.4% from $1.5 million in fiscal year 2014.

Adjusted EBITDA. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA was $90.1 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $28.6 million, or 46.5%, from $61.5 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was due primarily to an increase in gross profit.

Adjusted Net Income. Consolidated Adjusted Net Income was $34.0 million for fiscal year 2015, an increase of $19.6 million, or 135.3%, from $14.5 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in Adjusted Net Income was due primarily to an increase in gross profit.

Fire & Emergency Segment

 

   Fiscal Year Ended October 31,   Increase (Decrease) 
           2015                   2014           $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $620,161   $567,714   $52,447    9.2

Adjusted EBITDA

   63,306    37,544    25,762    68.6

Net Sales. Fire & Emergency segment net sales for fiscal year 2015 were $620.2 million, an increase of $52.4 million, or 9.2%, compared to $567.7 million in fiscal year 2014. Net sales of ambulances increased 15.5% as a result of stronger sales volume and higher average selling prices. Net sales of fire apparatus decreased 2.8% compared to fiscal year 2014, due to lower unit volume, offset by an increase in sales mix of units shipped in fiscal year 2015 with higher value-added content and higher average selling prices.

Adjusted EBITDA. Fire & Emergency segment Adjusted EBITDA was $63.3 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $25.8 million, or 68.6%, from $37.5 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was due primarily to higher unit volumes, higher prices and improved production efficiency in our ambulance operations as well as benefits from cost reduction initiatives and reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Commercial Segment

 

   Fiscal Year Ended October 31,   Increase (Decrease) 
           2015                   2014           $   % 
($ in thousands)                

Net sales

  $701,980   $654,432   $47,548    7.3

Adjusted EBITDA

   39,095    34,273    4,822    14.1

Net Sales. Commercial segment net sales were $702.0 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $47.5 million, or 7.3%, compared to $654.4 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase compared to the prior year was due to an increase in unit volume and an increase in average selling prices across the product portfolio.

Adjusted EBITDA. Commercial segment Adjusted EBITDA was $39.1 million in fiscal year 2015, an increase of $4.8 million, or 14.1%, from $34.3 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was due primarily to the combination of increased unit volumes, higher average selling prices and lower production costs due to the results of cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Recreation Segment

 

  Fiscal Year Ended October 31,   Increase (Decrease)   Fiscal Year Ended October 31,   Increase (Decrease) 
          2015                   2014           $   %           2015                   2014           $   % 
($ in thousands)                                

Net sales

  $412,940    $498,970    $(86,030   (17.2)%   $412,940   $498,970   $(86,030   (17.2)% 

Adjusted EBITDA

   1,507     2,001     (494   (24.7)%    1,507    2,001    (494   (24.7)% 

Net Sales. Recreation segment net sales were $412.9 million in fiscal year 2015, a decrease of $86.0 million, or 17.2%, compared to $499.0 million in fiscal year 2014. The decrease was primarily due to the discontinuation of certainnon-motorized towable RVs, which represented a sales decrease of $15.1 million, and the slowdown of production in the second and third quarters of fiscal year 2015, which was partially offset by an increase in average selling prices resulting from the change in product mix to motorized RVs only, compared to a mix of motorized and towables in fiscal year 2014.

Adjusted EBITDA. Recreation segment Adjusted EBITDA was $1.5 million in fiscal year 2015, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 24.7%, from $2.0 million in fiscal year 2014. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was due primarily to a decrease in unit volume and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, as a result of higher costs related to new product introductions and $4.1 million of product discontinuation costs related to our exit from the towable RV business.

Backlog

Backlog represents orders received from dealers or directly from end customers. Backlog does not include purchase options or verbal orders. The following table presents a summary of our backlog by segment:segment (in thousands):

 

      Increase (Decrease)           Increase (Decrease) 
($ in thousands)  October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   $   % 
  July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016   $   % 

Fire & Emergency

  $550,769    $339,773    $210,996     62.1  $580,602   $550,769   $29,833    5.4

Commercial

   226,067     242,161     (16,094   (6.6)%    254,772    226,067    28,705    12.7

Recreation

   80,420     120,905     (40,485   (33.5)%    116,151    80,420    35,731    44.4
  

 

   

 

   

 

     

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total Backlog

  $857,256    $702,839    $154,417     22.0  $951,525   $857,256   $94,269    11.0
  

 

   

 

   

 

     

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Each of our three segments has a backlog of new vehicle orders that generally extends out from two to ninetwelve months in duration. Our businesses take orders from our dealers and end customers that are evidenced by a firm purchase order for delivery of one or many specialty vehicles with a given specification over a period of time. These firm orders are placed in our backlog and reported at the aggregate selling prices, net of discounts or allowances, at the time the purchase order is received. We do not include verbal commitments or promised orders in our reported backlog. As of OctoberJuly 29, 2016,2017, our backlog was $857.3$951.5 million compared to $702.8$857.3 million as of October 31, 2015.29, 2016. The increase in backlog wasFire & Emergency and Recreation backlogs were partially due to the backlog acquired with KME.current year acquisitions of Ferrara, Renegade and Midwest. We expect that our current backlog will be produced and sold within the next 12 months following OctoberJuly 29, 2016, which was the end of our most recent fiscal year.2017.

Quarterly Results of Operations

The following table sets forth selected unaudited quarterly statement of operations data for each of the quarters in thelast eight fiscal years 2016 and 2015.quarters. The information for each of these quarters has been prepared on the same basis as our 2016 audited financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus and, in the opinion of management, includes all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of operations for these periods in accordance with GAAP. This data should be read in conjunction with our audited and unaudited financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. ThisThese quarterly operating results are not necessarily indicative of our operating results for a full year or any future period.

 

 Quarter Ended  Quarter Ended 
(in thousands) October 29,
2016
 July 30,
2016
 April 30,
2016
 January 30,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 August 1,
2015
 May 2,
2015
 January 31,
2015
  July 29,
2017
 April 29,
2017
 January 28,
2017
 October 29,
2016
 July 30,
2016
 April 30,
2016
 January 30,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 

Net sales

 $544,752   $528,238   $480,229   $372,780   $463,028   $450,343   $438,158   $383,552   $595,602  $545,316  $442,937  $544,752  $528,238  $480,229  $372,780  $463,028 

Cost of sales

 472,433   464,285   421,509   337,841   407,345   401,935   394,147   349,700   517,597  472,471  395,417  472,433  464,285  421,509  337,841  407,345 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Gross profit

 72,319   63,953   58,720   34,939   55,683   48,408   44,011   33,852   78,005  72,845  47,520  72,319  63,953  58,720  34,939  55,683 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Operating expense

                

Selling, general and administrative

 41,870   35,481   35,314   27,106   26,868   24,584   27,833   23,024   40,576  42,604  56,498  41,870  35,481  35,314  27,106  26,868 

Research and development costs

 1,052   1,330   1,294   1,139   362   1,485   1,678   1,581   1,199  963  1,198  1,052  1,330  1,294  1,139  362 

Restructuring costs

 714   57   (215 2,965   601   909   2,359    —     2,279  335  864  714  57  (215 2,965  601 

Amortization of intangible assets

 2,475   2,505   2,200   2,243   2,160   2,148   2,148   2,130   5,109  2,695  2,614  2,475  2,505  2,200  2,243  2,160 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Total operating expenses

 46,111   39,373   38,593   33,453   29,991   29,126   34,018   26,735   49,163  46,597  61,174  46,111  39,373  38,593  33,453  29,991 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Interest expense

 8,331   7,364   6,776   6,687   6,416   6,722   7,114   7,020  

Interest expense, net

 4,560  3,416  7,478  8,331  7,364  6,776  6,687  6,416 

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

  —    11,920   —     —     —     —     —     —   
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

 17,877   17,216   13,351   (5,201 19,276   12,560   2,879   97  

Income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes

 24,282  10,912  (21,132 17,877  17,216  13,351  (5,201 19,276 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

 5,796   4,136   5,309   (2,191 6,766   4,286   1,067   (184 9,091  4,099  (7,829 5,796  4,136  5,309  (2,191 6,766 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net income (loss)

 12,081   13,080   8,042   (3,010 12,510   8,274   1,812   281   15,191  6,813  (13,303 12,081  13,080  8,042  (3,010 12,510 

Depreciation and amortization

  7,478    6,856    5,387    4,872    4,853    4,723    4,762    4,746   11,538  7,853  7,421  7,478  6,856  5,387  4,872  4,853 

Interest expense

  8,331    7,364    6,776    6,687    6,416    6,722    7,114    7,020  

Interest expense, net

 4,560  3,416  7,478  8,331  7,364  6,776  6,687  6,416 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

  5,796    4,136    5,309    (2,191  6,766    4,286    1,067    (184 9,091  4,099  (7,829 5,796  4,136  5,309  (2,191 6,766 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

EBITDA

  33,686    31,436    25,514    6,358    30,545    24,005    14,755    11,863   40,380  22,181  (6,233 33,686  31,436  25,514  6,358  30,545 

Transaction expenses(a)

  48    196    1,385    —      —      —      —      —     503  1,861  378  48  196  1,385   —     —   

Sponsor expenses(b)

  69    25    100    25    504    40    200    325   80  207  131  69  25  100  25  504 

Restructuring costs(c)

 714   57   (215 2,965   602   909   3,141   —     2,279  335  864  714  57  (215 2,965  602 

Stock-based compensation expense(d)

 7,394   1,052   5,563   5,683   475   1,464   897   401   314  311  25,506  7,394  1,052  5,563  5,683  475 

Non-cash purchase accounting(e)

  73    697    —      —      —      —      —      —     1,913  746  465  73  697   —     —     —   

Impact of KME acquisition(f)

  —      —      2,426    1,952    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A  

Loss on early extinguishment of debt(f)

  —    11,920   —     —     —     —     —     —   
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 $41,984   $33,463   $34,773   $16,983   $32,126   $26,418   $18,993   $12,589   $45,469  $37,561  $21,111  $41,984  $33,463  $32,347  $15,031  $32,126 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

 (a)Reflects costs incurred in connection with business acquisitions.
 (b)Reflects the reimbursement of expenses to AIP, the Company’s primary equity holder.
 (c)

In the third quarter of fiscal year 2017, the Company restructured some of its management functions in its Commercial segment and in its Corporate office and incurred personnel costs, including severance, vacation and other employee benefit

payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of the restructuring costs remained unpaid. Restructuring costs are related to the Company’s restructuring of its management functions (including the move of its corporate headquarters from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin) and various product lines including, but not

limited to, severance and discontinued product costs. Restructuring costs also include personnel costs including severance, stay bonuses, vacation and other benefits, and inventory obsolescence reserves for discontinued product lines, which are recognized as a component of cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a plan to relocate production of Goshen Coach buses from its Elkhart, Indiana facility to its facilities in Salina, Kansas and Imlay City, Michigan. In connectionAccordingly, $2.0 million of the costs associated with this plan, the Company incurredrelocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses were recorded during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs related to severance and relocation costs duringwere recognized in fiscal year 2016. The Company expects to recognize additional restructuring costs related to the completion of this plan in fiscal year 2017.

 

     The nature and amount of such restructuring costs vary significantly based on the number of completed acquisitions and the size and timing of related and other restructuring programs. By excluding the referenced expenses from the Company’snon-GAAP financial measures, management is able to further evaluate the Company’s ability to utilize existing assets and estimate their long-term value. Furthermore, management believes that the adjustment of these items are useful to investors by supplementing the GAAP information with an additional measure that can be used to assess the Company’s operating performance.
 (d)Reflects expenses associated with stock-based compensation. For the nine months ended July 29, 2017, stock-based compensation expense included $13.3 million for the remeasurement of liability awards to our IPO share price, $8.9 million related to the accelerated vesting of liability awards and stock options resulting from our IPO and $3.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For the nine months ended July 30, 2016, stock based compensation expense included $10.3 million related to the redemption of performance based stock options. For fiscal year 2016, stock-based compensation expense included $10.3 million for the accelerated vesting of stock options held by former employees, which were subsequently redeemed for cash. Approximately $6.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for fiscal year 2016 related to thenon-cash remeasurement of outstanding liability awards to fair value. The remeasurement of the liability awards was required as a result of the Company becoming a public entity after the filing of thisthe Company’s prospectus with the SEC.SEC in connection with its IPO. The remaining stock-based compensation expense of $2.9 million for fiscal year 2016 was anon-cash charge for stock options vesting on their normal vesting schedule that were not repurchased by us as described above. Except for the additional non-cash stock compensation expense which will be recognized concurrently with the immediate vesting of stock options as a result of this offering, weWe do not expect that such accelerated vesting, the remeasurement of outstanding liability awards and repurchase of outstanding stock options will be an ongoing cost following completion of this offering.our IPO. For this reason, following the completion of this offering, we expect substantially all of our future stock-based compensation expense to be anon-cash expense that follows a normal vesting schedule. The Company will not record any stock-based compensation expense as a result of this offering.
 (e)For fiscal year 2016, reflects the amortization of the difference between the book valuefair market and fair marketbook value of certain acquired inventory which was sold.
 (f)Reflects management’s estimateIncludes prepayment premiums and write-offs of unamortized debt issuance costs and original issue discount recognized upon the Adjusted EBITDAredemption of KME forour Notes in February 2017, as well as the periodwrite-off of timeunamortized debt issuance costs from the beginningCompany’s previous revolving credit facility as a result of the Company’s fiscal year 2016 through the date of acquisitionABL refinancing in April 2016.2017.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are working capital, inventory management, acquiring machinery and equipment, acquiring and building manufacturing facilities, the improvement and expansion of existing manufacturing facilities, debt service payments, regular quarterly dividend payments, and general corporate needs. Historically, these cash requirements have been met through cash provided by operating activities, cash and cash equivalents and borrowings under our ABL Facility.

Additional future liquidity needs will include public company costs and the payment of cash dividends on our common stock. After completion of this offering, we intend to make a regular quarterly cash distribution to holders of our common stock, subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. Our dividend policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to liquidity, and we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all. See “Dividend Policy” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Common Stock and This Offering—We cannot assure you that we will declare dividends or have sufficient funds to pay dividends on our common stock.”revolving credit facilities.

We believe that our sources of liquidity and capital will be sufficient to finance our continued operations, growth strategy, cash dividends (as described under “Dividend Policy”) and additional expenses we expect to incur as a newly public company in both the near term and on a long-term basis.company. However, we cannot assure you that our cash provided by operating activities, cash and cash equivalents or cash available under our April 2017 ABL Facility will be sufficient to meet our future needs. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations in the future, and if availability under our April 2017 ABL Facility is not sufficient due to the size of our borrowing base or other external factors, we may have to obtain additional financing. If we obtain additional capital by issuing equity, the interests of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we incur additional indebtedness, that indebtedness may contain significant financial and other covenants that may significantly restrict our operations.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain

refinancing or additional financing on favorable terms or at all. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Our business has meaningful working capital requirements, and a decline in access to financing or operating results may have an adverse impact on our liquidity position.”

Working capital at OctoberJuly 29, 20162017 (defined as current assets (excluding cash) minus current liabilities (excluding current portion of long-term debt) was $198.1$358.1 million compared to $218.8$187.3 million at October 31, 2015.29, 2016. The decreaseincrease in working capital was primarily driven by higher accounts payable due to the timing of payments and the reclassification of deferred tax assets resultingincremental working capital from acompanies acquired in the current year, accounting policy adoption, offset byas well as the normal seasonal increase in accounts receivable and inventory compared to the impact of the KME acquisition.prior year-end.

Long-term debt, excluding current maturities, at OctoberJuly 29, 20162017 was $256.0$299.4 million compared to $212.4$256.0 million at October 31, 2015.29, 2016. Long-term debt increased primarily due to the increase in working capital described above, increased borrowings underto fund the ABL Facility for cashacquisitions of Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara and capital expenditures in the first nine months of 2017. In February 2017, the Company received net proceeds from the completion of its IPO in the amount of $253.6 million. These proceeds were used in business acquisitionsto redeem the remaining outstanding balance of our Notes as well as higher capital expenditures in fiscal year 2016.partially pay down the outstanding balance on our ABL Facility.

Cash Flow

The following table shows summary cash flows for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016 and for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended,  Nine Months Ended, Fiscal Year Ended, 
(in thousands)  October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
  July 29,
2017
 July 30,
2016
 October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $75,570   $25,639   $5,929  
 (unaudited)       

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 $(59,982 $(11,209 $75,570  $25,639  $5,929 

Net cash used in investing activities

   (84,430 (15,617 (12,820 (211,069 (67,617 (84,430 (15,617 (12,820

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   14,713    (17,573  1,385   274,362  91,124  14,713  (17,573 1,385 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  $5,853   $(7,551 $(5,506 $3,311  $12,298  $5,853  $(7,551 $(5,506
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 was $60.0 million, compared to $11.2 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The decrease in cash from operating activities for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, compared to the prior year period was primarily due to higher cash outflows for accounts payable and other liabilities and an increase in inventory, which was partially offset by increased operating income compared to the prior year period.

The higher cash outflows for accounts payable in the current year was due primarily to timing of payments to vendors and the management of vendor discount terms. Higher cash outflows for other liabilities in the nine months ended July 29, 2017, compared to the prior year period was partially due to higher management incentive bonus payments made in the first quarter of the current year versus the first quarter of fiscal 2016 related to the prior year performance. Also, cash outflows were higher due to the timing of income tax payments, which were $6.5 million greater in the first nine months of fiscal 2017 versus the same period in the prior year. The increase in inventory was due to increased sales volumes and the timing of vehicle production.

Excluding non-cash stock based compensation expense, operating income increased by $9.1 million in the nine months ended July 29, 2017 compared to the prior year period.

Net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal year 2016 was $75.6 million compared to $25.6 million in fiscal year 2015. The increase in cash provided by activities was due to an increase in operating income in

fiscal year 2016 as well as increase cash flows for accounts payable and other liabilities, partially offset by reduced cash flows for accounts receivable and inventories. Operating income increased $10.3 million, which was due to higher gross margin offset by increased corporate and marketing expenses. The increase in cash flows for accounts payable was due to timing of vendor payments. The increase in other liabilities was due to the timing of payments for payroll and related benefits and incentive compensation and income tax payments, as the Company’s accruals for these expenses at the end of fiscal year 2016 were $20.5 million higher than the prior year. The reduced cash flows for accounts receivable was primarily due to increased sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, which were $81.7 million higher than the comparable prior year period, and timing of customer payments. The increase in inventory was due primarily to a higher backlog, which increased $154.4 million compared to the prior year.

Net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal year 2015 was $25.6 million, compared to $5.9 million in fiscal year 2014. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to a significant increase in operating income, higher accounts receivable and the timing impact of the very late fiscal year 2013 acquisition of Thor Bus.Bus acquisition. These factors were offset partially by timing of payments for accounts payable and the semi-annual interest payment on our Senior Secured Notes due November 1 each year.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 was $211.1 million, compared to $67.6 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. The increase in net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, compared to the prior year period, was primarily due to an increase in business acquisition activity and higher capital expenditures. For the nine months ended July 29, 2017, the Company completed the acquisitions of Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara, compared to the prior year period, when the Company completed the acquisition of KME.

Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal year 2016 was $84.4 million, compared to $15.6which consisted primarily of capital expenditures of $48.5 million for fiscal year 2015. The increase was primarily due toand $31.7 million of payments for business acquisitions and higher capital expenditures during fiscal year 2016.the acquisition of KME.

Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal year 2015 was $15.6 million, which consisted primarily of capital expenditures of $15.4 million.

Net cash used in investing activities for fiscal year 2014 was $12.8 million, which consisted of $12.1 million of capital expenditures and $5.0 million of payments for consideration for the Thor Bus Acquisition, offset by proceeds of $4.3 million from the sale of property, plant and equipment.

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 was $274.4 million, which primarily consisted of net proceeds from our IPO offset by the use of those proceeds to redeem our Notes, and further net borrowings from our ABL Facility and Term Loan to support acquisitions and working capital requirements. Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended July 30, 2016 was $91.1 million, and primarily consisted of net borrowings under our ABL Facility, offset by the repayment of debt assumed in the Hall-Mark Acquisition and payments to redeem common stock and stock options.

On August 31, 2017, the Company paid a cash dividend of $3.2 million.

On September 7, 2017, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share on our common stock, payable in respect of the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2017. The dividend is payable on November 30, 2017 to holders of record as of October 31, 2017. Subject to legally available funds and the discretion of our board of directors, we expect to pay a quarterly cash dividend at the rate of $0.05 per share on our common stock. We expect to pay this quarterly dividend on or about the last day of the first month following each fiscal quarter to

shareholders of record on the last day of such fiscal quarter. Our dividend policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to liquidity, and we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all. We cannot assure you that we will declare dividends or have sufficient funds to pay dividends on our common stock in the future.

Net cash provided by financing activities for fiscal year 2016 was $14.7 million, which primarily consisted of net borrowings from our previous ABL Facility, offset partially by $21.7 million of payments to redeem common stock.

Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal year 2015 was $17.6 million, which primarily consisted of net repayments of our ABL Facility and payments to redeem common stock, offset partially by the net proceeds of sales of our common stock.

Net cash provided by financing activities for fiscal year 2014 was $1.4 million, which primarily consisted of net proceeds from the issuance of our common stock and net borrowings under our ABL Facility, offset partially by payments to redeem common stock.

Offering of Common Stock

On January 26, 2017, the Company announced an IPO of our common stock which began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “REVG”. On February 1, 2017, the Company completed the offering of 12,500,000 shares of common stock at a price of $22.00 per share and the Company received approximately $275.0 million in gross proceeds from the IPO, or approximately $253.6 million in net proceeds after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses related to the offering. The net proceeds of the IPO were used to partially pay down the Company’s existing debt. The Company redeemed the entire outstanding balance of its Notes, including a prepayment premium and accrued interest, plus it partially paid down a portion of the then outstanding balance of its revolving credit facility.

Senior Secured Notes

We intend to redeemOn February 16, 2017, we redeemed in full the outstanding aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes with a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Usethe IPO. The Company paid a prepayment premium of Proceeds.$7.7 million and accrued interest of $4.5 million as of the redemption date.

Term Loan

On April 25, 2017, the Company entered into a $75.0 million term loan (“Term Loan” or “Term Loan Agreement”), as Borrower, with certain subsidiaries of the Company as Guarantor Subsidiaries. Principal may be prepaid at any time during the term of the Term Loan without penalty. The Company incurred $2.0 million in debt issuance costs related to the Term Loan. The Term Loan Agreement expires on April 25, 2022. For a description of our Term Loan Agreement, see “Description of Indebtedness.

April 2017 ABL Facility

On April 25, 2017, the Company entered into a new $350.0 million ABL revolving credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders (the “April 2017 ABL Facility”). The April 2017 ABL Facility provides for revolving loans and letters of credit in an aggregate amount of up to $350.0 million. The total April 2017 ABL Facility is subject to a $30.0 million sublimit for swing line loans and a $35.0 million sublimit for letters of credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the April 2017 ABL Agreement. The April 2017 ABL Facility expires on April 25, 2022.

Funds from the April 2017 ABL Facility were used to repay borrowings on the previous ABL Facility and to fund the Ferrara acquisition.

Principal may be repaid at any time during the term of the April 2017 ABL Facility without penalty.

The April 2017 ABL Facility contains certain financial covenants. We were in compliance with all financial covenants under the ABL Facility as of July 29, 2017. For a description of our April 2017 ABL Facility, see “Description of Indebtedness.”

October 2013 ABL Facility

On October 21, 2013, we entered into a $150.0 million senior secured asset based lending revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the Asset Based Lending “ABL” or the “ABL Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The ABL Facility consistsconsisted of: (i) revolving loans, (ii) swing lineSwing Line loans and (iii) lettersLetters of credit,Credit, aggregating up to a combined maximum of $150.0 million. The total amount borrowed is subject to a $15.0 million sublimit for swing line loans and a $25.0 million sublimit for letters of credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the agreement. On April 22, 2016, the Companywe exercised itsour $50.0 million incremental commitment option under the ABL Facility in conjunction with the acquisition of KME. On August 19, 2016, the Companywe amended the ABL Facility to increase the commitment from $200.0 million to $300.0 million to provide flexibility and access to the suppressed borrowing base. All other terms and conditions of the ABL Facility remained unchanged.

TheIn February 2017, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from its IPO to repay loans under the ABL Facility contains certain financial covenants. The Company was in compliance withFacility.

In April 2017, we repaid all financial covenantsoutstanding loans and obligations under the ABL Facility as of October 29, 2016.

We intend to repay up to $39.3 million aggregate principal amount of loans underin full, and the ABL Facility plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, with a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of Indebtedness.”was terminated.

Contractual Obligations

The followingbelow table of material debt and lease commitments at October 29, 2016 summarizes the effect these obligations are expected to have on our cash flows in the future periods as set forth in the table below:below. The long-term debt and interest amounts have been updated to reflect our redemption in full of the Notes on February 16, 2017, our termination of the ABL Facility and repayment in full of all outstanding loans thereunder and our entry into the Term Loan and the April 2017 ABL Facility on April 25, 2017, as described above under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources.” There have not been any material changes to the other line items listed below.

 

(in thousands)  2017   2018   2019   2020   2021   Thereafter   Total   2017   2018   2019   2020   2021   Thereafter   Total 

Long-term debt(1)

  $—      $80,000    $180,000   $—     $—      $—     $260,000   $188   $750   $750   $750   $750   $298,812   $302,000 

Interest(2)

   15,962    15,300     15,300     —       —      —       46,562     4,202    9,996    9,961    9,925    9,890    4,932    48,906 

Operating leases

   2,471     2,164     1,834     1,370     1,090     836     9,765     2,471    2,164    1,834    1,370    1,090    836    9,765 

Purchasing obligations

   1,687     —       —       —       —       —       1,687     1,687    —      —      —      —      —      1,687 

Other

   1,044     1,096     592    507     472    —       3,712     1,044    1,096    592    507    472    —      3,711 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total commitments(3)

  $21,164    $98,560    $197,726    $1,877    $1,562    $836    $321,726    $9,592   $14,006   $13,137   $12,552   $12,202   $304,580   $366,069 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

(1)Includes estimated principal payments due under our Term Loan and the April 2017 ABL Facility and our Senior Secured Notes. We intend to (i) redeem in full the outstanding Senior Secured Notes and (ii) repay up to $39.3 million aggregate principal amountas of loans under the ABL Facility, in each case, with a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”July 29, 2017.
(2)Based on interest rates in effect as of OctoberJuly 29, 2016.2017.
(3)Unrecognized tax benefits totaling $2.7 million as of October 29, 2016, excluding related interests and penalties, are not included in the table because the timing of their resolution cannot be estimated. See Note 17 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus for disclosures regarding uncertain income tax positions under ASC Topic 740.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not created, and are not party to, any special-purpose oroff-balance sheet entities for the purpose of raising capital, incurring debt or operating our business. With the exception of operating lease obligations, we do not have anyoff-balance sheet arrangements or relationships with entities that are not consolidated into or disclosed in our consolidated financial statements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues, expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures and capital resources. In addition, we do not engage in trading activities involvingnon-exchange traded contracts.

Seasonality

In a typical year, our operating results are impacted by seasonality. Historically the slowest quarters have been the first and second fiscal quarters when the purchasing seasons for vehicles such as school buses, RVs and sweepers are the lowest due to the colder weather and the relatively long time until summer vacation season, and the school year is underway with municipalities and school bus contractors utilizing their existing fleets to transport student populations. Sales of our products have typically been higher in the third and fourth fiscal quarters (with the fourth fiscal quarter typically being the strongest) due to better weather, the vacation season, buying habits of RV dealers andend-users, timing of government/municipal customer fiscal years, and the beginning of a new school year. Sales and earnings for other vehicles that we produce, such as essential emergency vehicles and commercial bus fleets, are less seasonal, but fluctuations in sales of these vehicles can also be impacted by timing surrounding the fiscal years of municipalities and commercial customers, as well as the timing and amounts of multi-unit larger orders. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Some of the markets in which we compete are seasonal, which results in fluctuations in sales and results of operations.”

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk represents the risk of changes in the value of market risk sensitive instruments caused by fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. We are also exposed to market risk based on fluctuations in commodity market prices for key raw material inputs. Changes in these factors could cause fluctuations in the results of our operations and cash flows.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk based on fluctuations in market interest rates. Our exposure to fluctuating interest rate risk consists of floating rate debt instruments that are indexed to short-term benchmark interest rates. As of OctoberJuly 29, 2016,2017, we had $80.0$227.0 million of principal outstanding under our April 2017 ABL Facility at an average rate of 2.24%2.85% per annum, and $75.0 million of principal outstanding under our Term Loan at an average rate of 4.73% per annum. For fiscal year 2016,On an annualized basis, a 100 basis point increase (decrease) in our effective interest rate under the April 2017 ABL Facility and Term Loan would have increased (decreased) interest expense by $0.8$3.0 million. See “Description of Indebtedness—April 2017 ABL Facility.Facility and Term Loan.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk, primarily in Canadian dollars. We have entered into forward contracts on various foreign currencies to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk on the collection of receivables denominated in foreign currencies. These derivatives typically require the exchange of a foreign currency, primarily Canadian dollars, for U.S. dollars at a fixed rate at a future date. See Note 12 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

Commodity Price Risk

We are a purchaser of certain commodities, including raw steel and aluminum. In addition, we are a purchaser of components and parts containing various commodities, including aluminum, fiberglass, copper and

steel, which are integrated into our end products. We generally buy these commodities and components based on fixed market prices that are established with the vendor as part of the purchase process. Purchase contracts generally do not have an indexed price escalation formula to account for economic fluctuations between the contract date and the delivery date. As a result, we are typically unable to pass along increased costs due to economic fluctuations to our customers. We rarely use commodity financial instruments to hedge commodity prices. We will alternatively fix our prices for certain materials over an agreed upon amount of time between three months to 24 months through contracts with our vendors.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the year. We believe our estimates and assumptions are reasonable; however, future results could differ from those estimates. We consider the following policies to be the most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in preparing our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue for sales of vehicles, parts and other finished products when contract terms are met, collectability is reasonably assured and a product is shipped or risk of ownership has been transferred to and accepted by the customer. In certain instances, risk of ownership and title passes when the product has been completed in accordance with purchase order specifications and has been tendered for delivery to the customer. Periodically, certain customers request bill and hold transactions. In those cases, revenue recognition for vehicles occurs after the customer has been notified that the products have been completed according to the customer specifications, have passed all of our quality control inspections, and are ready for delivery.

Revenue from service agreements is recognized as earned when services are rendered. Intercompany sales are eliminated upon consolidation. Provisions are made for discounts, returns and sales allowances based on management’s best estimate and the historical experience of each business unit. Sales are recorded net of amounts invoiced for taxes imposed on the customer, such as excise or value-added taxes.

Customer advances include amounts received in advance of the completion of vehicles or in advance of services being rendered. Such customer advances are recorded as current liabilities in our consolidated statements of operations until the vehicle is shipped or the service rendered.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the guidance of Accounting Standard Codification 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We record a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for which utilization is not more likely than not. Management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets.

We recognize liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on atwo-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest

amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as we must determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis or when new information becomes available to management. These reevaluations are based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, successfully settled issues under audit, expirations due to statutes, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an increase to the tax accrual.

Stock Compensation Expense

Stock compensation expense is recorded over the term of the associated stock option grants, which is generally up to 10 years from the grant date, and is measured based upon the estimation of the fair value of all stock option awards on the grant date by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model (the “Black-Scholes Model”). The application of the Black-Scholes Model requires us to make certain assumptions such as the fair value of our common stock on the grant date, forfeitures of option grants and the rate of dividend payments on our common stock. Other assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes Model include volatility of the share price of select peer public companies and the risk free rate.

ThePrior to our IPO, the fair value of our common stock is calculated by determining our enterprise value by applying an earnings multiple to our Adjusted EBITDA over the previous 12 months, and deducting outstanding debt, then dividing by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. The assumption for forfeitures is based upon historical experience. As we havehad not historically paid dividends on our common stock prior to our IPO, we have assumed a 0% dividend rate for all outstanding stock options.

Prior to this offering,our IPO, our stockholders were party to a shareholders agreement that will bewas amended and restated in its entirety. Due to provisions in that shareholders agreement, a shareholder iswas allowed to put his or her shares to us under certain circumstances. As such, certain outstanding stock options arewere considered liability awards and arewere recorded at intrinsic value, which is the difference between the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock and the option strike price and recognized as a liability on our consolidated balance sheet. Upon becoming a public entity, we will recordrecorded the liability awards at fair value. As a result of this offering,the IPO, the aforementioned put rights will expireexpired and the outstanding options willwere no longer be considered liability awards and the fair value of the options will bewere reclassified to shareholders’ equity.

Stock compensation expense for restricted and performance stock awards is recorded over the vesting period based on the grant date fair value of the awards. The grant date fair value is equal to the closing share price on the date of grant.

Business Combinations

Acquisitions are accounted for using purchase accounting. The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the acquired business, in each case based on their estimated fair values. Any excess consideration transferred is recorded as goodwill. A bargain purchase gain is recognized to the extent the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired exceeds the purchase price. The results of operations of the acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the date of acquisition.

Assets acquired and liabilities assumed generally include tangible and intangible assets, as well as contingent assets and liabilities. When available, the estimated fair values of these assets and liabilities are determined based on observable inputs, such as quoted market prices, information from comparable transactions, offers made by other prospective acquirers (in such cases where we may have certain rights to acquire additional interests in existing investments) and the replacement cost of assets in the same condition or stage of usefulness (Level 1 and 2). Unobservable inputs, such as expected future cash flows or internally developed estimates of value (Level 3), are used if observable inputs are not available.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of amounts billed and currently due from customers. We extend credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts resulting from the inability or unwillingness of customers to make required payments. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer’s financial condition, credit history and current economic conditions. Each fiscal quarter, we prepare an analysis of our ability to collect outstanding receivables that provides a basis for an allowance estimate for doubtful accounts. In connection with this analysis, we evaluate the age of accounts receivable, past collection history, current financial conditions of key customers and economic conditions.

Based on this evaluation, we establish a reserve for specific accounts receivable that are believed to be uncollectible, as well as an estimate of uncollectible receivables not specifically known. Historical trends and our current knowledge of potential collection problems provide us with sufficient information to establish a reasonable estimate for an allowance for doubtful accounts. Receivables are written off when management determines collection is highly unlikely and collection efforts have ceased. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received.

Goodwill

Goodwill reflects the cost of an acquisition in excess of the fair values assigned to identifiable net assets acquired. We account for business combinations by estimating the fair value of consideration paid for acquired businesses, including contingent consideration, and assigning that amount to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the remainder assigned to goodwill or gain on bargain purchase. The estimates of fair values are determined utilizing customary valuation procedures and techniques, which require us, among other things, to estimate future cash flows and discount rates. Such analyses involve significant judgments and estimations on our part.

Goodwill is not amortized. However, we review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicates that their carrying amount may not exceed their fair value. The annual impairment review is performed as of the first day of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year based upon information and estimates available at that time.

To perform the impairment testing, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units are less than their carrying amounts as a basis for determining whether or not to perform the quantitative impairment test. We then estimate the fair value of each reporting unit and each indefinite-lived intangible asset not meeting the qualitative criteria and compare their fair values to their carrying values.

The fair value of each reporting unit of the Company is determined by using both the income approach and market approach. The income approach involves discounting management’s projections of future cash flows and a terminal value discounted at a discount rate which approximates the Company’s weighted-average cost of capital (“WACC”). Key assumptions used in the income approach include future sales growth and same-store sales, gross margin and operating expenses trends, depreciation expense, taxes, capital expenditures, changes in working capital and discount rate. Projected future cash flows are based on management’s knowledge of the current operating environment and expectations for the future. The WACC incorporates equity and debt return rates observed in the market for a group of comparable public companies and is determined using an averagedebt-to-equity ratio of selected comparable public companies. The terminal value is based upon the projected cash flow for the final projected year, and is calculated using estimates of growth of the net cash flows based on our estimate of stable growth for each financial reporting unit. The market approach is based upon observed transactions in the marketplace, evidenced by trading multiples based upon estimated and actual sales and EBITDA. The sales and earnings multiples selected by the Company are based upon the average multiples of comparable public companies and then adjusted for factors including forecast risk, growth and profitability.

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Determining fair value using an income approach requires that we make significant estimates and assumptions, including management’s long-term projections of cash flows, market conditions and appropriate discount rates. Our judgments are based on historical experience, current market trends and other information. In estimating future cash flows, we rely on internally generated forecasts for operating profits and cash flows, including capital expenditures. The rates used to discount projected future cash flows reflect a WACC based on our industry, capital structure and risk premiums including those reflected in the current market capitalization, and could change and therefore impact the fair value of our reporting units. The inputs and assumptions used in the determination of fair value are considered Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy.

If the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the fair value of the implied goodwill is calculated as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and the fair value of the underlying assets and liabilities, excluding goodwill. An impairment charge is recorded for any excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value for each reporting unit.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other Than Goodwill

Long-lived assets are reviewed for potential impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparison of the carrying value of such assets to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by such assets. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment provision is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. We consider factors such as historic or forecasted operating results, trends and future prospects, current market value, significant industry trends and other economic and regulatory factors in performing these analyses. Using different assumptions and definitions could result in a change in our estimates of cash flows and those differences could produce materially different results.

When determining the fair value of trade names, we use the relief from royalty method which requires the determination of fair value based on if the Company was licensing the right to the trade name in exchange for a royalty fee. We utilize the income approach to determine future revenues to which to apply a royalty rate. The royalty rate is based on market approach concepts. In considering the value of trade names, we look to relative age, consistent use, quality, expansion possibilities, relative profitability and relative market potential.

Long-Lived Assets, Including Definite-Lived Intangibles

Property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If an analysis is necessitated by the occurrence of a triggering event, we compare the carrying amount of the asset group with the

estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset group. If the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, we measure the amount of the impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset group with its estimated fair value. Such analyses necessarily involve significant judgments and estimations on our part.

Warranty

Provisions for estimated warranty and other related costs are recorded in cost of sales and are periodically adjusted to reflect actual experience. The amount of accrued warranty liability reflects management’s best estimate of the expected future cost of honoring our obligations under our limited warranty plans. The costs of fulfilling our warranty obligations principally involve replacement parts, labor and sometimes travel for any field retrofit or recall campaigns. Our estimates are based on historical experience, the number of units involved and the cost per claim. Also, each quarter we review actual warranty claims to determine if there are systemic effects that would require a field retrofit or recall campaign.

Segment Reporting

For purposes of business segment performance measurement, we do not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of anon-operating nature or organizational or functional expenses of a corporate nature. The caption “corporate and other” includes corporate office expenses, including stock-based compensation expense, results of insignificant operations, intersegment eliminations and income and expenses not allocated to reportable segments. Identifiable assets of the business segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, certain property, plant and equipment and certain other assets pertaining to corporate activities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) (“ASU2014-09”), which outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. This standard will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance. Under the new standard, entities are required to identify the contract with a customer, identify the separate performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations in the contract and recognize the appropriate amount of revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies each performance obligation. ASU2014-09 will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (the Company’s fiscal year 2020). The Company isWe are currently evaluating the impact of ASU2014-09 on itsour consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” (“ASU2015-11”). Under ASU2015-11, entities should measure inventory that is not measured usinglast-in,first-out or the retail inventory method, including inventory that is measured usingfirst-in,first-out or average cost, at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. ASU2015-11 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and is to be applied prospectively. The adoption of ASU2015-11 is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2015-15, “Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated withLine-of-Credit Arrangements” (“ASU2015-15”), which clarifies the guidance set forth in ASUNo. 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU2015-03”), issued in April 2015. ASU2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized liability be presented on the statements of operations as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected. ASU2015-15 provides additional guidance regarding debt issuance costs associated withline-of-credit arrangements, stating

that the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred issuance costs ratably over the term of theline-of-credit arrangement. ASU2015-03 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and early adoption is permitted. We early adopted ASU2015-03 and ASU2015-15 and debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability for all periods presented. The adoption of ASU2015-03 and ASU2015-15 did not have a material effect our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805)—Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments” (“ASU2015-16”). ASU2015-16 requires that an acquirer in a business combination recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, rather than as retrospective adjustments. ASU2015-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU2015-16 should be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of ASU2015-16 with earlier application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. We believe theThe adoption of ASU2015-16 will did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU2015-17, “Income Taxes, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes” (“ASU2015-17”), which simplifies the balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. ASU2015-17 requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in the classified balance sheet, rather than separating such deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts, as is required under current guidance. ASU2015-17 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 with early adoption permitted, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We prospectively adopted ASU2015-17 in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016 and therefore prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. The adoption of ASU2015-17 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU2016-02”). The amendments in this update require, among other things, that lessees recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of leases with a duration of less than 12 months) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) aright-to-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Lessees and lessors must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We expect to adopt ASU2016-02 in the first quarter of 2019 and are currently evaluating the impact of ASU2016-02 to our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718)” (“ASU2016-09”), which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for the related income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements and classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (the Company’s fiscal year 2018), including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU2016-09 to our consolidated financial statements and do not expect adoption to have a material impact.

BUSINESS

Our Company

REV is a leading designer, manufacturer and distributor of specialty vehicles and related aftermarket parts and services. We serve a diversified customer base primarily in the United States through three segments: Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation. We provide customized vehicle solutions for applications including: essential needs (ambulances, fire apparatus, school buses, mobility vans and municipal transit buses), industrial and commercial (terminal trucks,cut-away buses and street sweepers) and consumer leisure (RVs and luxury buses). Our brand portfolio consists of 2629 well-established principal vehicle brands including many of the most recognizable names within our served markets. Several of our brands pioneered their specialty vehicle product categories and date back more than 50 years. We believe that in most of our markets, we hold the first or second market share position and estimate that approximately 72%61% of our net sales during the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 came from products where we hold such share positions.

In fiscal year 2016, we sold approximately 17,300 units and we currently have an estimated installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles in operation. We believe this provides us with a competitive advantage and recurring replacement vehicle sales as many customers are brand-loyal and fleet owners frequently seek to standardize theirin-service fleets through repeat purchases of existing brands and product configurations. The specialty vehicle market is a complex and attractive market characterized by: (i) numerous niche markets with annual sales volumes generally between 3,000 and 25,000 units, (ii) highly customized vehicle configurations addressing unique customer applications and (iii) specialized customer bases and distribution channels (both dealer and direct). We believe the specialty vehicle market has historically been addressed primarily by smaller, less sophisticated companies, which has created an opportunity for market leadership by scaled and highly efficient producers such as REV. Under our current leadership, our focus on product innovation, life-cycle value leadership and operational improvement has strengthened our brands and market position while driving growth and expanding margins.

Our products are sold to municipalities, government agencies, private contractors, consumers and industrial and commercial end users. We have a diverse customer base with our top 10 customers representing approximately 25% of our net sales in fiscal year 2016, with no single customer representing more than 6% of our net sales over the same period. Our top 10 customers have maintained relationships with REV and its predecessor companies for an average of approximately 20 years. We believe our diverse end markets are favorably exposed to multiple secular growth drivers such as: rising municipal spending, a growing aged population, growing urbanization, growing student populations, the increasing popularity of outdoor and active lifestyles and the replacement of existingin-service vehicles including legislated replacements. In addition to these favorable underlying drivers of growth, we believe certain of our markets will benefit over the next several years from incremental demand created by the underinvestment in fleets following the 2008 recession. For example, as set forth in the charts below in “—Our Markets,” we estimate that the cumulativepent-up replacement demand in the fire and emergency market is approximately 15,00017,500 units, which represents 144%179% of the total fire and emergency market unit sales volume in the United States and Canada in 2015.2016. However, we cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

Our business model utilizes our unique scale to drive profitable organic and acquisitive growth. We seek to gain market share by delivering high-quality products with customized attributes tailored to our customers’ product specifications, while simultaneously reducing costs and shortening delivery lead times. We aim to achieve this by standardizing and optimizing certain processes across our segments in areas including: procurement, engineering and product development, lean manufacturing, dealer management, pricing, and aftermarket parts sales. We believe our manufacturing and service network, consisting of 1521 manufacturing facilities and 1112 aftermarket service locations (called Regional Technical Centers or “RTCs”), provides us with a competitive advantage through the sharing of best practices, manufacturing flexibility based on relative facility

utilization levels, delivery costs and lead times, economies of scale, customer service capabilities, and a

complementary distribution system. Our business consists primarily of design, engineering, integration, and assembly activities, which require low levels of capital expenditures. Additionally, our business has a highly variable cost structure that results in operational flexibility, which when combined with low levels of capital expenditures, we believe can produce high returns on invested capital. Furthermore, our broad presence across the specialty vehicle market and large manufacturing and distribution network are important differentiators in our ability to grow through acquisitions. We seek to make synergistic acquisitions that further enhance our existing market positions or enter REV into new, attractive product segments. In the past 10 years, we have successfully integrated nine10 acquisitions and are in the process of integrating our latest three acquisitions of Midwest, Ferrara and AutoAbility. We have demonstrated the ability to grow and enhance the earnings profile of acquired businesses by either consolidating acquired businesses into our existing plant footprint or by introducing REV processes into the newly acquired businesses to drive profitable growth.

Our management team has an average of 2829 years of experience in highly specialized industrial manufacturing and aftermarket parts and services businesses. Beginning in 2014, our new leadership team introduced several initiatives to accelerate growth and improve our profitability. These initiatives included: improving brand management, strengthening distribution, implementing a centralized enterprise-wide procurement strategy, growing adjacent and aftermarket products and services, improving production processes within our facilities, driving down total cost of quality, implementing value-based pricing strategies and reducing fixed costs.

We have delivered strong financial and operating results from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016, as set forth below:

 

 (1)Net sales were $1,721 million, $1,735 million and $1,926 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a compound annual growth rate, or “CAGR,” of 3.8%5.8%;

 

 (2)We improved our operating performance, specifically:

 

Net income was $1.5 million, $23 million and $30 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 173%350%;

 

Adjusted Net Income was $14 million, $34 million and $55 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 56%95%;

 

Adjusted EBITDA was $62 million, $90 million and $127 million for fiscal year 2014, fiscal year 2015 and fiscal year 2016, respectively, which represents a CAGR of 27%44%; and

 

 (3)We drove approximately 148 basis points and 280 basis points of expansion in our net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins, respectively.

In addition, for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, we had net income of $9 million, Adjusted EBITDA of $104 million and Adjusted Net Income of $47 million, compared to net income of $18 million, Adjusted EBITDA of $81 million and Adjusted Net Income of $34 million for the nine months ended July 30, 2016. See “Prospectus Summary—Summary Consolidated Financial Data” for additional information regarding ournon-GAAP measures, including a reconciliation of these measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measure.measure

Our Markets

We operate primarily in the United States in the fire and emergency, commercial and recreation markets. For fiscal year 2016 our net sales to international markets (including Canada) amounted to $66 million, representing approximately 3% of our overall net sales for the period. We sell internationally through dealers and agents to end markets that utilize U.S.-style chassis and product configurations.

Fire and Emergency Markets

According to industry sources, there were approximately 10,4009,800 fire apparatus and ambulance units shipped in 20152016 in the United States and Canada, representing a 10%3% and 30%22% increase over the annual industry volumes for 2014 and 2011, respectively. Fire and emergency products are used by municipalities and private contractors

to provide essential services such as emergency response, patient transport and fire suppression, among other activities. Nearly all fire apparatus and ambulances are customized in some form; however, they share many common production, sales and component attributes such as similar manufacturing and engineering processes, raw materials (aluminum, lights, wire harnesses, paint and coatings, among others), and dealer-based distribution channels. The sales prices for our fire and emergency products can vary considerably given their highly customized nature, but generally range from $160,000 to $650,000 for pumper trucks, $475,000 to $1,200,000 for aerial fire trucks and $65,000 to $350,000 for ambulances. Demand is driven primarily by the replacement ofin-service fleets, as well as by factors such as a growing aged population and a growing overall population (driving increased patient transportation and emergency response needs), new real estate developments, taller buildings (requiring more aerial vehicles), international airport growth (requiring Federal Aviation Administration-specified ARFF vehicles), and higher municipal funding levels. Local tax revenues are an important source of funding for fire and emergency response departments in addition to Federal grant money and locally raised funding. We estimate that ambulances have useful lives of five to seven years and generally operate on a 24/7 schedule, driving significant annual mileage which ultimately creates a replacement or remount sale as their underlying chassis wears out. We estimate that pumper trucks and aerial fire trucks have useful lives of10-12 years and20-30 years, respectively, and that these fire apparatus vehicles become obsolete before they wear out due to the fact that technology continues to advance and the vehicles would otherwise have a long life span because they generally operate at lower levels of annual miles driven and, outside of major metropolitan areas. We estimate that ambulances have useful lives of 5-7 years.driven. We believe there is significantpent-up replacement demand for fire apparatus and ambulances as annual unit shipment levels since the 2008 recession have remained well belowpre-recession averages. As set forth in the charts below, we estimate the cumulativepent-up replacement demand at approximately 15,00017,500 units, which we believe is incremental to ongoing normalized levels of demand. However, we cannot be certain as to the timing and extent to which thepent-up replacement demand may be released, as it is inherently uncertain and generally outside our control.

 

Fire Apparatus Ambulance
Unit Sales Unit Sales

 

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SourceSource::    FireApparatus Manufacturers’ Association,
 Management estimates

 

Source:Source:   National Truck Equipment Association — Association—Ambulance Manufacturers Division, Management estimates

We believe that a growing aged population, longer life expectancy, urbanization and the increasing use of emergency vehicles fornon-critical care transport are all positive trends for the ambulance market. Further, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the resulting creation of federal and state healthcare exchanges have resulted in broader healthcare insurance coverage nationally, allowing ambulance service providers to realize higher reimbursement rates and increased ambulance utilization levels, as ambulance service providers historically provided care and transport for a significant number of individuals who had limited or no insurance.

Commercial Markets

REV’s Commercial segment addresses a broad variety of products and end markets. The transit and shuttle bus market includes applications such as airport car rental and hotel/motel shuttles, paramedical transit vehicles

for hospitals and nursing homes, tour and charter operations, daycare and student transportation, mobility vans

for wheelchair users, and numerous other applications. According to industry sources, shipments of cutaway buses (those buses that are up to 35 feet in length) were approximately 15,00014,400 units in 2015.2016. We believe the commercial bus markets we serve will sustain positive long-term growth supported by growing levels of urbanization which will require increasing commercial bus usage, increased government transportation spending as shown in the chart below, an aging and growing U.S. population driving demand for shuttle buses and mobility vans, a necessary replacement cycle of public and private bus customers and the introduction of new bus products.

The demand for school buses is driven by the need for student transportation primarily in the United States and Canada. Within this market, we believe important demand drivers are the increasing number of students, the replacement cycle ofin-service vehicles, substitution by private contract companies as the provider of student transportation from school districts (thus requiring the purchase of new buses) and legislated replacements. Insurance providers and state legislatures are increasingly requiring replacement ofnon-conforming vans which often drives a substitution purchase of our Type A product because of its numerous legislated safety features and benefits versus traditional van products. There are more than 14,000 school districts in the United States responsible for operating approximately 500,000 school buses. Approximately 19% of the school buses sold in 20152016 were Type A buses, which we produce, and the remainder were Type B and C buses which we do not currently produce.

The following chart shows the shuttle bus unit sales and U.S. school bus unit sales during the time periods shown below.

 

Shuttle Bus Unit Sales  U.S. School Bus Unit Sales
(in thousands)  (in thousands)

 

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Source:    Management estimatesManagementestimates and School Bus Fleet, School Bus Sales Report (2015)

Terminal truck demand is driven by replacement ofin-service fleets, growth in trade and the increased use of intermodal freight services and warehouses. We anticipate ongoing growth in global trade will result in higher future intermodal freight traffic growth. Sweeper demand is also driven by replacement ofin-service fleets by contractors and rental companies as well as growth in infrastructure and construction spending. Sweepers are used in various applications within the construction and road and highway infrastructure markets.

The sales prices for our bus and specialty vehicles can vary considerably, but generally range from $35,000 to $55,000 for Type A school buses, $40,000 to $190,000 for shuttle buses, $100,000 to $500,000 for transit buses and $25,000 to $165,000 for other specialty vehicles. We estimate that Type A school buses have useful lives of8-10 years, that shuttle buses have useful lives of5-10 years, that transit buses have useful lives of approximately 12 years and other specialty vehicles have useful lives of5-7 years.

The following chart shows the estimated amount spent in 2011 by U.S. state and local governments and municipalities for transportation and the amount projected to be spent in 2016 and 2021, together with CAGRs calculated for the time periods shown below, as well as shuttle bus unit sales and U.S. school bus unit sales during the time periods shown below. The trends shown in these charts,this chart, however, are not a guarantee that similar growth in U.S. state and local transportation spending will continue.

U.S. State and Local Transportation Spending

(in billions)

 

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Source:    USGovernmentspending.com

Recreation Markets

The RV industry includes various types and configurations of both motorized and towable RVs of which we currently manufacture and sell Class A (diesel and gas), Class B (as a result of the recent acquisition of Midwest) and Class C motorized RVs. Motorized RVs are self-contained units built on motor vehicle chassis with their own lighting, plumbing, heating, cooking, refrigeration, sewage holding and water storage facilities. Class A RVs are generally constructed on medium-duty chassis which are supplied complete with engine and drivetrain components by major motor vehicle manufacturers. We then design, fabricate and install the living area and driver’s compartment of these motorized RVs. Class B RVs are built on a consumer van chassis with the entire living area contained within the existing van frame. Class C RVs are built on consumer truck or van chassis which include an engine, drivetrain and a finished cab section. WeIn Class Cs we design, fabricate and install the living area to connect to the driver’s compartment and the cab section. Super Class C RVs are motorhomes built on a commercial truck or van chassis

According to the RV Consumer Report from 2011, an industry report published by the University of Michigan, approximately nine million households in the United States own an RV. Motorized RVs are a consumer leisure purchase and therefore factors that drive demand include: consumer wealth (including the value of primary housing residences and the stock market level), consumer confidence, availability of financing, and levels of disposable income. We believe end customers tend to be brand-loyal and repeat buyers who make decisions based on brand, quality, product configuration (primarily floorplan design, features and product styling), service availability and experience and price. Lifestyle trends are expected to support the growth of the RV market. We believe RVs are becoming more popular through increased interest in nature-based tourism and a growing preference for adventure travel among the growing urban populations. According to the Recreation Vehicle Industry Association, or RVIA, RV sales will continue to benefit from the aging “baby boomers” as more people enter the primary RV ownership age group of 55 to 70 years old. RVIA estimates that the number of consumers between the ages of 55 and 70 will total 56 million by 2020, 27% higher than in 2010. In addition to the growth tied to aging demographics, there are approximately 45 million active U.S. campers, many of which are outside the aforementioned demographic, representing an opportunity to expand the RV customer base.

We believe the near-term RV industry outlook is positive. Year-over-year sales have increased for fourfive years (2011 to 2015 and continuing through 2016) and participation rates continue to grow, which demonstrates a long-term trend toward RV ownership. In 2015,2016, shipments of motorized RVs exceeded 47,000were approximately 55,000 units, and approximately $3 billion of net sales, which is an increase of approximately 8% and 14%, respectively,16% compared to 20142015 according to RVIA. In particular, approximately 21,90022,700 Class A RVs were shipped in 2015,2016, which represents a volume level that is approximately 40%38% below thepre-2008 recession historical average of shipped units from 1989 to 2007. Further, this volume level is approximately 53%51% below the industry’s peak volume in 2004 when approximately 46,000 Class A RV units were shipped. Accordingly, we believe industry volumes of Class A RVs, where REV’s market position is strongest, can recover to be in line with, or in excess of,pre-2008 recession historical averages.

The sales prices for our RVs can vary considerably, but generally range from $65,000 to $600,000. We estimate that RVs have useful lives of8-15 years.

Motorized RV North American Market Size

Unit 000s

 

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Source:    RVIALOGO

 

RV Participation

U.S. Households that

Own RVs

(in millions)

   

RV Ownership % of

     U.S. Households

 

 

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SourceSource::       University of Michigan Study (The RV Consumer in 2011),
RVdailyreport.com and U.S. Census Bureau

        

Our Strengths

We believe we have the following competitive strengths:

Market Leader Across All Segments with a Large Installed Base—We believe we are a market leader in each of the fire and emergency, commercial and recreation vehicle markets. Approximately 72%61% of our net sales induring the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 are in markets in which we believe we hold the first or second market share positions. We believe we are the largest manufacturer by unit volume of fire and emergency vehicles in the United States. We also believe our Commercial segment is the #1 producer of small- andmedium-sized commercial buses as well as Type A school buses in the United States. We believe we are also a leading producer of transit buses, terminal trucks, mobility vans and street sweepers. Within our Recreation segment, we are one of the top producers of Class A diesel and gas motorized RVs with a 14%15% market share as of October 2016 and we believe we are the fastest growing manufacturer, growing our Class A RV market share by approximatelyJune 2017, which is a 120 basis points since October 2015.point improvement from 2016.

We estimate that the replacement value of our installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles across our segments is approximately $32$36 billion, which we believe is a significant competitive advantage for both new unit sales and aftermarket parts and service sales, as brand awareness drives customer loyalty and fleet owners frequently seek to standardize theirin-service fleets through repeat purchases of existing brands and product configurations. For example, one of the largest municipal fire departments in the United States has its fleet of

ambulances standardized on REV branded product configuration and feature sets that satisfy this customer’s unique specifications and standards.

Broad Product Portfolio and Well-Recognized Brands—Our product portfolio is comprised of high-quality vehicles sold under 2629 well-established principal vehicle brands that in many instances pioneered their market segments. For example, the first Type A yellow school bus was developed and sold by Collins Bus and the first Type I ambulance was developed and sold by Horton. We believe our product portfolio represents the broadest product offering in our markets and enables us to attract and retain top dealers who in many instances sell multiple REV brands in their territories. Our vehicle platforms are highly customizable and can meet nearly all product specifications demanded by our customers. In each of the markets that we serve, we believe our brands are among the most recognized in the industry, representing performance, quality, reliability, durability, technological leadership and superior customer service.

Selling into Attractive, Growing End Markets—Each of our segments serves end markets that are supported by what we believe to be favorable, long-term demographic, economic and secular trends. We believe that the growing aged population in the United States will increase demand for products across all of our segments, as older demographics are a key demand driver for products such as emergency vehicles, mobility vans and RVs. In the Fire & Emergency segment, increasing legislated changes requiring shorter replacement cycles will create a source of recurring demand for our products asin-service vehicles achieve mileage or age limits. Additionally, fire and emergency vehicle purchases fell below historical replacement rates following the 2008 recession, and we estimate the cumulativepent-up replacement demand is approximately 15,00017,500 units, which represents 144%179% of the total unit sale volume in the United States and Canada in 2015.2016. Our Commercial segment is poised to grow as a result of increasing urbanization within the United States which will require greater use of commercial buses. We believe demand for our school buses and our fire and emergency vehicles will grow with increasing state and local government spending. In addition, we believe our RV segment is poised for long-term growth driven by increased RV participation rates and market unit recoveries to historical average levels. Additionally, we believe the current U.S. camper base of 45 million people represents an opportunity to expand the RV customer base. Though our net sales are primarily derived from sales in the United States, similar positive market dynamics exist in other parts of the world providing an opportunity for future global growth in each of our segments. Only approximately 3% of our net sales in fiscal year 2016 were from sales to customers outside the United States.

Unique Scale and Business Model—As the only manufacturer of specialty vehicles across all three of our product segments and one of the largest participants in our markets by net sales, we enjoy a unique position relative to many of our competitors that we believe provides a competitive advantage and an enhanced growth profile. Many of our products contain similar purchased components, such as chassis, engines, lighting, wiring and other commodities which increase our leverage with and relevance to key suppliers. The operational processes across our different products are based on common elements, such as chassis preparation and production, body fabrication, product assembly and painting which allow us to develop best practices across our manufacturing system and implement those processes to drive operational efficiency. Our platform also allows us to leverage the combined engineering resources and product development resources from our broad network to bring new products, features and customer specific customization to market faster. Our business model makes us more desirable to our distribution channel partners as we are able to provide them with a full line of products to address theirour mutual customers’ needs across a wider variety of price and product feature elements which gives themdealers the opportunity to sell to a larger customer base and grow their sales and earnings. Additionally, our scale allows us to more efficiently amortize investments in service locations, parts sales infrastructure and information technology tools, among others.

Business Model Produces Highly Attractive Financial Characteristics—Our core production processes are primarily design, engineering, component integration and assembly in nature, creating a business model that produces attractive financial characteristics such as a highly variable cost structure, low levels of maintenance capital expenditures as a percentage of net sales, attractive levels of return on invested capital and strong revenue

visibility. Based on our historical results of operations, we estimate that across all three of our segments, approximately 85% of our cost of goods sold are comprised of direct materials (including chassis) and direct labor which are variable in nature because these costs are associated with the specific production of our vehicles in each period and therefore are adjusted within a given period based on production levels in that period. Our remaining cost of goods sold are comprised of certain indirect labor and overhead costs which are fixed or semi-variable in nature because these costs are not linked to specific vehicle volumes in a given period and the time required to adjust these levels of spending is longer and management decisions regarding these costs are made based on longer term trends and forecasts. In addition, our selling, general and administrative expenses are primarily comprised of salaried payroll expenses which we structure efficiently around the level of demand in our markets. Over the last three completed fiscal years, our capital expenditures, as a percentage of net sales, has totaled less than 2%. As a result of low levels of capital investments required and efficient use of working capital (including the taking of deposits in certain of our markets), we believe that our business produces attractive returns on invested capital. Finally, our business carries a high-quality backlog which enables strong visibility into future net sales which ranges from two to ninetwelve months depending on the product and market. This visibility into future production needs and net sales enables us to more effectively plan and predict our business.

Experienced Consolidator with Proven Ability to Integrate Acquisitions and Drive Business Improvement—Throughout our history, we have complemented organic growth with strategic acquisitions, resulting in meaningful cost and commercial synergies and accelerated growth. Over the last ten years, we have completed nine13 acquisitions across our Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation segments and continue to actively consider future potential acquisitions that complement and expand our current product portfolio. Our scale and plant network, strong end market positions, access to low cost capital and reputation as an active and effective strategic acquirer, position us favorably to continue to grow and enhance value through strategic acquisitions. The specialty vehicle market is highly fragmented with a large number of smaller producers within our existing markets as well as in new markets where we believe there would be synergies with REV. Our management team is highly experienced in integrating and improving the businesses we acquire, as evidenced by the improved financial performance of many of our acquisitions under our ownership. We believe all of these attributes position REV as an acquirer of choice in the specialty vehicles market.

The Evolution of REV

 

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Experienced Management Team with Proven Track Record—Our management team has an average of 2829 years of industry experience, and a demonstrated track record of managing and growing publicly-traded industrial businesses. From fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016, our management team has increased net income from $1.5 million to $30 million and Adjusted EBITDA from $62 million to $127 million, respectively, while

expanding net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins approximately 148 basis points and 280 basis points, respectively, over the same period. In addition to accomplishments at REV, key members of our leadership team have also had success in other public industrial companies such as Bucyrus International, Inc. and The Manitowoc Company Inc., among others.

Our Growth Strategies

We plan to pursue several strategies to grow our earnings, expand our market share and further diversify our revenue stream, including:

Drive Margin Expansion Through Controllable Operational Initiatives—Our focus on driving operational improvement initiatives across the organization has enabled the increase of our net income and Adjusted EBITDA margins by 148 basis points and 280 basis points, respectively, from fiscal year 2014 to fiscal year 2016. Our initiatives have also resulted in improved safety results, as measured by the 36% decrease in our total recordable incident rate in fiscal year 2016 versus the prior fiscal year. We have achieved these improvements as a result of successfully implementing lean manufacturing initiatives across the organization, consolidating procurement functions, centralizing certain commercial decision making, reducing cost of quality, improving operational and safety performance and improving the total life-cycle value proposition for our customers. We believe we have established an enterprise-wide culture focused on continuous improvement, implementing measurable performance targets and sharing of best practices across the entire organization. Our Fire & Emergency segment had Adjusted EBITDA of $85 million in fiscal year 2016, which represents an Adjusted EBITDA margin of 11%, and we are targeting to further enhance Adjusted EBITDA margins in our Fire & Emergency, Commercial and Recreation segments over time. We continuously strive to identify and act on additional profitability improvement initiatives in many of our business units.

Develop Innovative New Customer Offerings—Due to the specific customer requirements for our products, we are continually enhancing and customizing our product offerings by introducing new features to enhance customer utility across a variety of price points. We seek to expand our addressable market by developing innovative products and services that extend our market leading combination of features, performance, quality and price to new customer bases, new markets or new segments of existing markets. We introduced eight new products in fiscal year 2016. We currently2016 and have 11introduced 18 new products in development that are expected to be releasedso far in fiscal year 2017. We believe our process of constant innovation will not only help us increase net sales but also achieve lower costs and generate higher margins as our new products are frequently designed to leverage existing procurement relationships and for ease of manufacturability. In addition, there are multiple natural product adjacencies where REV has valuable brand equity, leading technology and cost positions where we believe we can generate strong demand for new products. For example, we introduced the 100’ Metro Quint aerial fire truck under theE-ONE brand in the first half of fiscal year 2017 to address the larger municipal market with a 100’ aerial and shorter wheelbase which improves maneuverability, and a new M1 Ambulance under the Frontline brand in fiscal year 2016 to address a lower specification segment of the ambulance market. We introduced the Sabre terminal truck in fiscal year 2015, which provided a new cab design and feature set while improving manufacturability for REV as a result of improved design features such as a weldless frame. By delivering innovative new customer offerings and customizations, we believe we can grow our net sales and market share.

Enhance Sales and Distribution Model—We believe that we are an attractive specialty vehicle OEM partner for dealers due to the breadth and quality of our product offerings, our brand recognition, our ability to produce products at varied price and feature points, as well as our aftermarket support capabilities. We intend to continue to leverage this strength to enhance our distribution network through selectively adding dealers in new territories, strengthening dealers in our existing network and expanding our direct sales and service capabilities in targeted markets. Our goal is to partner with the leading dealers in each market and to provide the necessary resources to ensure our partner dealers can best position REV products to compete successfully within their regions. We will

also continue to optimize ourgo-to-market channel strategy (e.g., distribution or direct sale) based on the specific

market dynamics and customer composition by region. We have historically focused on customers within the United States; however, we believe there is demand internationally for our products and we also seek to expand our distribution globally.

Accelerate Aftermarket Growth—Our end users’ largein-service fleets create strong demand for aftermarket parts in order to keep vehicles running and to support their residual value. We estimate the size of our installed base’s aftermarket parts market opportunity to be approximately $800 million annually, with significant importance placed on timely parts availability given the high cost of vehicle downtime, and our total aftermarket net sales in fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $73.8 million, $68.9 million and $64.5 million, respectively. We have formalized an aftermarket strategy and are investing in building out capabilities to take advantage of this significant, high margin opportunity across our segments. We have created a dedicated management team to oversee our aftermarket business, and are centralizing our aftermarket parts and services business to broaden market coverage and ensure parts availability while reducing lead time. We are establishing aweb-based technology platform to provide our customers with real time data on parts availability and pricing. We also made substantial investments in our services network infrastructure including over $27 million in fiscal years 2015 and 2016, in the aggregate, for the establishment of new RTCs across the United States, development of our parts system infrastructure and the expansion of capacity across several existing service locations. In early fiscal 2017, we announced a new service partnership with Ryder Systems, Inc. where our bus customers are able to leverage Ryder’s extensive maintenance network of over 800 service locations with a program designed to deliver nationwide vehicle maintenance services. We believe we are well positioned to provide the most extensive and integrated service support network to our end customers and dealer partners.

Pursue Value Enhancing Acquisitions—We seek to pursue acquisitions which enhance our existing market positions, gain us entry to new products or markets and achieve our targeted financial returns. We have a long history of acquisitions with nine13 transactions completed over the past 10 years. Given our leadership positions within our markets and our existing facility, service and distribution network, we believe we have many inherent advantages in making acquisitions and have demonstrated the ability to successfully identify, execute and integrate acquisitions while realizing synergies. We believe that we have a clear acquisition strategy in place, targeting acquisitions with significant synergies to drive long-term value creation for shareholders. We will seek acquisitions of companies with strong brands and complementary products and distribution networks that align well with our aftermarket strategies and provide strong synergies with our existing business. In addition, we will target acquisitions which further diversify or broaden our product offerings and geographic reach, and simultaneously produce attractive financial returns.

Our Products and Markets

We primarily sell new specialty vehicles which we design, engineer and manufacture in our production facilities. We are also focused on growing our higher gross margin aftermarket business which consists of parts sales, service and other ancillary revenue opportunities generated by our installed base of approximately 240,000250,000 vehicles. We believe the majority of our new vehicle sales represent the replacement ofin-service vehicles which are past their useful life, with additional sales derived from fleet expansions, new customers and adjacent product introductions.

The following charts show a breakdown of our net sales for fiscal year 2016:the nine months ended July 29, 2017:

 

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The following chart sets forth summary information regarding our primary product line categories and end markets for our segments:

 

   

Fire & Emergency

 

Commercial

 

Recreation

Overview  The Fire & Emergency
segment manufactures a wide
range of fire apparatus and
ambulance products. Fire &
Emergency products are sold to
municipal fire departments,
EMS providers, and private
fleets, typically purchasing
through dealers.
 The Commercial segment
manufactures transit and shuttle
buses, Type A school buses,
mobility vans and other
specialty vehicles including
sweepers and terminal trucks
distributed both through dealers
and direct. Commercial
products are sold to
municipalities, schools, and
commercial and industrial
customers.
 The Recreation segment
manufactures motorized RV
products sold to brand-loyal,
repeat customers who purchase
through dealers.
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Principal Brands  

Fire Apparatus

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Estimated Addressable Market Size in the United States and Canada(1)Size(1)  ~$3 billion ~$5 billion ~$36 billion
Estimated Addressable Market Units(1)  

Ambulance: ~6,200

~6,000

Fire Apparatus: ~4,200~3,800

 

Type A School Bus: ~7,500

~7,600

Cutaway Bus: ~15,000~14,400

Transit Bus: ~4,100~5,500

Mobility Vans: ~23,100

Terminal Trucks and Sweepers: ~7,400
~7,400

 

Class A: ~21,900~22,700

Class B: ~4,100

Class C: ~22,100~28,000

Estimated REV Market Share by Units(1)  ~41%48% ~19%18% 

Class A – ~13%~14%

Class B – 1%

Class C – ~1%~2%

Fiscal Year 2016 Net Sales(2)  $768 million $679 million $489 million
Market Positions for Selected Products  

#1 in Ambulance


#2 in Fire Apparatus

 

#1 in Type A School Bus


#1 in Small & Medium Size
Commercial Bus

#2 in Terminal Trucks

#1 in Light Broom Sweepers

 14%15% Class A market share as of October 2016
June 2017 representing a 120
basis point increase from October 2015. We believe we are the industry’s fastest growing Class A participant.2016.
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(1)Based on 2015 market2016 volumes in the United States and Canada. Estimated REV market share by units includes units sold by Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara.
(2)Does not reflect the elimination of intersegment sales of approximately $10.6 million in fiscal year 2016. Excludes sales for Renegade, Midwest and Ferrara.

To enhance our market-leading positions, we continue to focus on new product development across our three segments. New product development is primarily designed to provide our customers with high-quality products that have varied and unique feature sets and product capabilities at attractive price points. We introduced eight new products in fiscal year 2016. We currently2016 and have 11introduced 18 new products in development that we anticipate will be releasedso far in fiscal year 2017. In addition to new product development, our businesses are continuously customizing and designing our vehicles to meet individual customers’ needs and applications. In our RV business specifically, our new model design cycle follows similar timelines as the automotive industry, whereby new models and configurations are introduced or upgraded annually.

Upon request, we facilitate financing for our dealers and end customers by providing them with access to our third-party bank partners. All such financing transactions are recorded on our bank partners’ balance sheets. We support these transactions under bothnon-recourse and recourse agreements with the banks, and in return, we earn a fee for arranging these transactions. For further information, see Note 18 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. We believe that offering customers finance options to purchase vehicles from us will help REV form a more complete relationship with our customers, help drive incremental vehicle sales and allow us to participate in finance revenue streams from third parties through arrangement fees.

Our Fire & Emergency segment sells fire apparatus equipment under the Emergency One(“E-ONE”) and, Kovatch Mobile Equipment (“KME”) and Ferrara brands and ambulances under the American Emergency Vehicles (“AEV”), Horton Emergency Vehicles (“Horton”), Leader Emergency Vehicles (“Leader”), Marque, McCoy Miller, Road Rescue, Wheeled Coach and Frontline brands. We believe we are the largest manufacturer by unit volume of fire and emergency vehicles in the United States and have one of the industry’s broadest portfolios of products including Type I ambulances (aluminum body mounted on a heavy truck-style chassis), Type II ambulances (van conversion ambulance typically favored fornon-emergency patient transportation), Type III ambulances (aluminum body mounted on avan-style chassis), pumpers (fire apparatus on a custom or commercial chassis with a water pump and small tank to extinguish fires), ladder trucks (fire apparatus with stainless steel or aluminum ladders), tanker trucks and rescue and other vehicles. Each of our brands is distinctly positioned and targets certain price and feature points in the market such that dealers often carry and customers often buy more than one REV Fire & Emergency product line. In April 2017, we acquired Ferrara, a leader in custom fire apparatus and rescue vehicles.

In our Fire & Emergency segment, we introduced the Hush Pumper fire truck in August 2015 and the M1 ambulance model under our Frontline brand in April 2016. The Hush Pumper features an innovative design that enables the engine to be mounted in the rear of the truck to create additional cab space and to reduce the considerable engine noise from front mounted engines. The M1 models include Type I and Type III ambulances that enable us to enter the low tomid-priced market, a market in which we did not previously compete.

 

Fire & Emergency Product

  

Description/Application

Pumper / Tanker

 

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•       Most standard fire apparatus found in fire department fleets

•       Transports firefighters to the scene of an emergency

•       Onboard pump and water tank for immediate water supply upon arrival on scene to fight fires

•       Connects to more permanent water sources such as fire hydrants or water tenders for continuous firefighting capability

Aerial

 

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•       Transports firefighters to the scene of an emergency and supports fire suppression

•       Facilitates access or egress of firefighters and fire victims at height using a large telescopic ladder

•       Ladder is mounted on a turntable on a truck chassis allowing it to pivot around a stable base to transport firefighters and fire suppression to the scene

•       Typically contains a pump, provides a high-level water point for firefighting via elevated master water stream

•       Provides a platform from which tasks such as ventilation or overhaul can be executed

Fire & Emergency Product

  

Description/Application

ARFF

 

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•       Transports firefighters to the scene of an airport emergency

•       Highly specified (by the F.A.A.) fire engine designed for use at global airfields where FAA regulated commercial planes land to assist with potential aircraft accidents

•       Has the ability to move on rough terrain outside the runway and airport area and provides large water capacity and a foam tank

•       Able to deliver a fire suppression chemical foam stream to the scene, which “flattens” the fire faster

•       Capability to reach an airplane quickly and rapidly extinguish large fires involving jet fuel

Ambulance Type I

 

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•       Transports paramedics and other emergency support technicians as well as a “mobile hospital” to the scene of an emergency

•       Patient compartment structural aluminum “box” mounted on a heavy truck chassis and used primarily for advanced life support and rescue work

•       Provides out of hospital medical care to the patient at the scene or while in transit

Ambulance Type II

 

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•       Transports paramedics and other emergency support technicians to the scene of an emergency

•       Van-based ambulance with relatively fewer ambulance modifications and containing relatively less medical equipment than Type I or Type III ambulances

•       Used for basic life support and to transfer of patients that require only basic life support services to a hospital or between places of medical treatment

Ambulance Type III

 

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•       Transports paramedics and other emergency support technicians as well as a “mobile hospital” to the scene of an emergency

•       Patient compartment structural aluminum “box” mounted on acut-away van chassis and has the same use and application as a Type I ambulance

Our Commercial segment serves the bus market through the following principal brands: the Collins Bus, Goshen Coach, ENC, ElDorado National, Krystal Coach, Federal Coach, Champion and World Trans. We serve the terminal truck market through the Capacity brand, the sweeper market through theLay-Mor brand and the mobility market through the ElDorado Mobilityour recently recast Revability brand. See “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments.” We are a leading producer of small- andmedium-sized buses, Type A school buses, transit buses, terminal trucks and street sweepers in the United States. Our products in the Commercial segment includecut-away buses (customized body built on various types and sizes of commercial chassis), transit buses (large municipal buses where we build our own chassis and body), luxury buses (bus-style(bus-style limo orhigh-end luxury conversions), street sweepers (three- and four-wheel versions used in road construction activities), terminal trucks (specialized vehicle which moves freight in warehouses or intermodal yards and ports), Type A school buses (small school bus built on commercial chassis), and mobility vans (mini-van(mini-van converted to be utilized by wheelchair passengers). Within each market segment, we produce a large number of customized configurations to address the diverse needs of our customers.

In our Commercial segment, we launched the World Trans commercial bus in September 2016. The World Trans is a low specification, fuel efficient, narrow-body bus with an innovative structural design. We anticipate that its unique design, coupled with its low cost of production, will drive margin improvement in the Commercial segment and will serve customer needs in many different end use applications.

Fire & Emergency

An additional four new vehicles were launched in our Commercial segment in fiscal year 2016. The Federal / Krystal Bus, an updated luxury bus with new features built on a Ford or Freightliner chassis was launched in April 2016. The Champion Low Floor vehicle was launched in August 2016 to further our product

offerings in mobility vans. It is an easy entry handicapped accessible bus with a lower slope ADA ramp, as well as a newair-ride suspension. In September 2016, the Collins Ford Transit was introduced with a new Ford chassis and an updated design and passenger compartment. We also expect to launch a new Laymor4-wheel Sweeper in January 2017. We are committed to continued product innovation to provide better driver visibility, easier service access and more user friendly controls. These new products further differentiate our products and facilitate our entrance into previously underserved end markets.

 

Commercial Product

  

Description/Application

Transit Bus

 

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•       Type of bus used on shorter-distance public transport routes to move passengers from place to place. Distinct fromall-seated coaches used for longer-distance journeys and smaller minibuses

•       Operated bypublicly-run transit authorities or municipal bus companies, as well as private transport companies on a public contract or on a fully independent basis

•       Often built to operator specifications for specific transport applications

•       First type of bus to benefit fromlow-floor technology in response to demand for equal access public service

Shuttle Bus

 

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•       Transports passengers between two fixed points

•       Facilitates short- or medium-distance journeys, such as airport shuttle buses

•       Commonly used in towns or cities with multiple terminal train stations or bus stations, for passenger interconnections

•       Passenger compartment mounted on a van or truck-style chassis typically with short-term luggage storage capability

Type A School Bus

 

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•       Transports students, typically children, to and from school, home and school events

•       Typically transports smaller numbers of passengers compared to the larger “Type C” or “Type D” school buses and is more economical in certain types of applications

•       Purpose-built vehicle distinguished from other types of buses by significant safety and design features mandated by federal and state regulations

•       Passenger compartment mounted on a van or truck-style chassis

Mobility Van

 

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•       Minivan that is modified to increase the interior size and floor space of the vehicle and provide a means of wheelchair entry such as a ramp or a powered lift

•       Some include platform lifts that can be raised and lowered from inside the vehicle down to the ground outside to accommodate driver or passenger access

•       Provides access for a wheelchair user via side-entry or rear-entry configurations

Sweeper

 

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•       Used in a variety of cleaning and preparation applications in road construction and paving industries

•       Typically used in street, highway or interstate construction projects

•       Applications use broom or push technology, as well as water cleaning capabilities

•       Some applications also include snow removal

•       Significant aftermarket wear parts such as sweeper brushes

Commercial Product

  

Description/Application

Terminal Truck

 

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•       Custom built tractor used to move trailers and containers within a cargo yard, warehouse facility or intermodal facility

•       Includes a single person cab offset to the side of the engine with a short wheelbase and rear cab exit

•       A fifth wheel with an integrated lifting mechanism allows the semi-trailer landing legs to remain in the down position during movement enabling efficient movement

•       Steel side wall cab and floor construction for protection in harsh and dangerous work environments

Our Recreation segment serves the RV market through foursix principal brands: American Coach, Fleetwood RV, Monaco Coach, Holiday Rambler, Renegade and Holiday Rambler.Midwest Automotive Designs. We believe these brands are amongour brand portfolio contains some of the longest-standing,longest standing, most recognized brands in the RV industry. Prior to the 2008 recession, as segments of larger public companies, theythe American Coach, Fleetwood RV, Monaco Coach and Holiday Rambler brands generated over $2 billion of annual sales in each of the calendar years 2004 and 2005 and represented approximately 36% of the motorized RV market in calendar year 2005 and an even higher percentage sharesshare of just the diesel portion of the Class A market. Under these fourall six brands, REV provides a variety of highly recognized models such as: American Eagle, Dynasty, Discovery, Bounder, and Pace Arrow, Verona and Weekender, among others. Our products in the Recreation segment currently include only Class A motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a heavy duty chassis with either diesel or gas engine configurations), Class C and Class C“Super C” motorized RVs (motorhomes built on a commercial truck or van chassis), a line of heavy-duty special application trailers, and as a result of the acquisition of Midwest, Class B RVs (motorhomes built on a van chassis). The Recreation segment also includes Goldshield Fiberglass, which produces a wide range of custom molded fiberglass products for the RV and broader industrial markets. Within our Recreation segment, we are one of the top producers of Class A diesel and gas motorized RVs with a 14%15% market share and a 7% market share of the motorized RV market as of October 2016 and we believe we are the fastest-growing share participant in the Class A market place based on market share, with our fiscal year 2016 unit sales growing 9% compared to fiscal year 2015.June 2017, which is a 120 basis point improvement from 2016. We are focused on recapturing the significant market share which our four principal brands enjoyed prior to 2008.

Were-entered the Class C motorized RV market under Fleetwood RV and Holiday Rambler in fiscal year 2016.

 

Recreation Product

  

Description/Application

Class A Motorized RVs

(Gas, Diesel)

 

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•      Class A motorized RVs can be as long as 45 feet and are usually equipped with a rear master suite including a full bathroom and shower and many include a washer/dryer unit on board

•      Today’s Class A motorized RVs tend to have multiple slide outs (some can expand to a width of over 14 feet), large flat screen TV’s, surround sound systems and even dishwashers and ice machines

•      Basement storage can carry enough supplies to keep users comfortably on the road for long periods of time including comfortable sleeping accommodations

•      Constructed on a commercial truck chassis, a specially designed motor vehicle chassis or a commercial bus chassis, a Class A motorized RV resembles a bus in design and has a flat or vertical front end with large forward windows

Commercial

Recreation Product

  

Description/Application

Class C Motorized RVs

 

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•      Class C motorized RVs make use of a standard van or truck chassis as the driving portion of the RV, allowing better access to the cab portion from the outside, since there are entry doors on both sides

•      The house (or camper) portion of the RV extends over the cab area and which commonly has a sleeping compartment or other uses such as storage or entertainment

•      Fewer amenities and living space compared to Class A motorized RVs while meeting requirements for comfortable living

•      A Class C motorized RV is equipped with a kitchen/dining area featuring a refrigerator/freezer, a propane range (sometimes with an oven), a microwave oven and a table with seating. It also has a lavatory with a bath/shower, one or more sleeping areas and additional seating towards the front. An air conditioner, water heater, furnace and outside canopy are also typically included

•      Class C motorized RVs often feature a towing hitch enabling the pulling of a light weight trailer for boats or a small car or truck

Class B Motorized RVs

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•      Class B motorized RVs can range from 16 to 22 feet, are typically built on a automotive van chassis or panel-truck shells, and are built on several different gas or diesel chassis depending on the motorhome.

•      Class B motorized RVs drive more like the family car, are easier to park and maneuver, but also offer the comforts and conveniences of a home on the road.

•      Typically equipped with a “wet bath” configuration, which includes toilet, shower, and sink.

•      Fewer amenities than a Class A and Class C unit, the Class B will typically have seating for 6 to 8 people, a small kitchenette complete with refrigerator and microwave, and comes equipped with flat screen TV/surround sound, roof mounted A.C., and a smaller generator.

•      Limited sleeping capacity, typically a 2 person, overnight coach.

•      Class B motorized RVs have a broad appeal due to its versatility, and ease of driving. They are typically used for shorter overnight trips, older couples no longer wanting to drive a large coach, families involved in sports, tailgating, and even larger families in need of space for a primary driving vehicle.

Distribution

We distribute either through our direct sales force or our well-established dealer network, consisting of approximately 575700 dealers. Substantially all of our dealers are independently owned. Whether we sell directly to the customer or through a dealer depends largely on the product line and the customer base. We provide our direct sales force representatives and dealers with training on the operation and specifications of our products. We strive to keep our direct sales force representatives and dealers up to date on our product offerings and new features as well as market trends. We believe our scale enables us to dedicate certain sales and marketing efforts to particular products, customers or geographic regions, which we believe enables us to develop expertise valued by our customers.

As one of the leaders in each of our markets, we believe our distribution network consists of many of the leading dealers within each segment. We believe our extensive dealer network has the ability to meet the needs of end customers with high to low value added products, such as vehicles, equipment, components and parts and services, at a variety of price points and order sizes. As a result, most of our dealers have sold our products for

over a decade and are serving a well-established installed base of end customers, creating cost advantages and entrenched positions due to customer loyalty. We believe we are a key supplier to many of the leading customers in our markets, such as FDNY (ambulances and fire apparatus), AMR (ambulances), First Student (school buses), PACE (transit buses), Hutchinson Ports (terminal trucks) and Lazydays (RVs), among others. We also periodically assist our dealers in composing bid packages for larger opportunities that involve our product lines. We continue to grow and enhance our distribution network into underserved areas. In addition, we evaluate export opportunities from time to time in select international markets through our direct sales force and our established international dealerships and agents.

Fire & Emergency Segment

We sell our ambulances through internal direct sales personnel and a national independent dealer network. The direct sales force is responsible for establishing new accounts and servicing existing customers in California, Florida, Ohio and other selected markets across the United States. Approximately 50 dealers cover our domestic market sales and we believe most hold a leading position in ambulance sales in their respective regions, providing us with a significant competitive advantage. In addition, we export to most of the international markets that utilize a United States style chassis such as certain countries in the Middle East and Latin America.

Our fire apparatus business uses its direct sales force and its dealer network comprised of approximately 6680 dealers in the United States and Canada and approximately 25 international dealers to sell its products. We have continued to grow our distribution network into underserved areas. For example, historically our fire apparatus business did not serve the stainless steel component of the industry, but we have recently invested in a new facility to service that market. As such, we believe there are significant opportunities to grow our dealer footprint to serve this market. We believe that with our new product and dealer network in this area, we will begin to capture additional market share going forward.

Commercial Segment

We utilize dealer distribution in markets where a well-managed and experienced dealer is available. Selling through a dealer can be more cost effective than utilizing direct sales personnel in some cases. As a result, we continually evaluate potential dealer relationships to determine if the addition of a dealer in a given region would be advantageous to net sales and our market share. In addition to our dealer network, we also utilize direct national accounts, such as school transportation contractors, national child care providers, hotels, rental car and parking lot operators, nursing and retirement homes and church organizations.

The Capacity brand utilizes a combination of a direct sales force, international agents and dealers to market its products worldwide. Capacity also utilizes an extensive network of dealers in the United States and Canada.

TheLay-Mor brand is principally marketed in both commercial and rental markets through the manufacturer’s representatives who are supported by our internal sales efforts with key customers, such as national equipment rental companies. Our direct sales personnel work directly with national customers to ensure thatLay-Mor equipment meets customers’ specifications and is qualified for sale throughout their national network.

Recreation Segment

We sell our RV products through a national independent dealer network with internal sales personnel responsible for working directly with these dealers. RV purchases are sensitive to wholesale and retail financing, consumer confidence and disposable income, making them discretionary products. Due to these industry dynamics, the RV market was negatively affected by the most recent economic downturn and has been improving toward historical annual volume levels. The largest RV buying group is people between the ages of 35 and 54, with an average age of all RV owners of 48, according to the RVIA. Buyers of RVs are brand loyal,

repeat buyers who make decisions based on brand, product configuration (primarily floor plan design, features and product styling), service and price. This buying group is expected to grow as the baby boom generation continues to age. For many of these buyers, a motor home purchase is the second biggest purchase in their lifetime; therefore, the shopping timeline is longer than other consumer purchases. The buying process normally starts with online searches, followed by show visits and eventually a dealership visit for the purchase.

Customers and End Markets

Our end markets include the municipal market (vehicles for essential services such as emergency response, patient transportation and student transportation), the private contractor market (privately owned fleets that provide transportation services), the consumer market (vehicles for transportation, leisure and mobility needs) and the industrial/commercial markets (vehicles for transportation, construction projects and global port and intermodal transportation applications). Based on aggregated available industry data, we estimate that the combined size of our annual addressable markets is approximately 112,000 vehicles with $800 million of potential aftermarket parts sales at current market volume levels.

Our top 10 customers combined accounted for approximately 25% of our net sales for fiscal year 2016, with no customer representing more than 6% of our net sales in the same period. We and our predecessor and acquired

companies have operated in our businesses for many years, and many of our brands have been trusted names in the marketplace for decades. As a result, we are able to take advantage of many long-term customer relationships.

Approximately 54%44% of our net sales forduring the first nine months of fiscal year 20162017 were made directly or indirectly to governmental bodies, including municipalities, such as fire departments, school districts, hospitals and the U.S. federal government. ForDuring the first nine months of fiscal year 2016,2017, our approximate direct or indirect net sales by end market was as follows: 54%44% government, 25%29% consumer, 13% private contractor and 8%14% industrial/commercial.

For fiscal years 2016 and 2015, approximately 99% and 97%, respectively, of our net sales were to customers located in the United States and Canada.

Growth in our end markets are driven by various macro-economic and demographic factors including:

 

  Population demographics—Overall population growth and the aging population creates greater needs for essential services such as emergency care, healthcare services, transportation and interest in retirement activities including travel and leisure.

 

  Increasing state and local government investment—Improving housing prices, improving economies and new housing starts all create an increasing tax base and greater demand for essential services provided by governmental agencies.

 

  Pent-up replacement demand for essential vehicles—Since the 2008 recession, the replacement volumes of fire apparatus and ambulances in the United States has lagged behind historical averages that we believe create a necessarily higher replacement demand in the future for the vehicles we produce.

 

  Urbanization of the U.S. population—Growing urban population characterized by higher populations and the movement of people to the cities within the United States drives additional construction and housing demand that results in greater need for transportation and emergency services to maintain service and response levels by our end customers.

 

  Increasing popularity for outdoor lifestyles—There is a growth of interest in outdoor recreational activities and the opportunity to better access large areas through the use of RVs. The RV lifestyle and demand for our vehicles is supported by the continued positive growth in the consumer base which includes the increased industry penetration of the baby boomer generation as well as the fastest growing RV owner group which includes Generation X consumers, as estimated by RVIA.

Manufacturing and Service Capabilities

We currently operate 1521 manufacturing plants and 1112 aftermarket service centers (called Regional Technical Centers or “RTCs”) across the United States with approximately 4.95.6 million square feet of manufacturing and service space. We believe that our factories are among some of the most efficient and lowest cost production facilities in each of our markets due to the production processes that we employ, our purchasing scale and the high unit volume throughput relative to most of our competitors. Our design and assembly processes are characterized by low capital expenditure requirements such that our three-year average capital expenditures are less than 2% of net sales and are primarily attributable to facility and equipment upgrades and maintenance. In addition, approximately 85% of our cost of goods sold are comprised of direct materials (including chassis) and direct labor, which are variable in nature because these costs are associated with the specific production of our vehicles in each period and therefore are adjusted within a given period based on production levels in that period. Our products within each of our segments and across the enterprise share a centralized sourcing model and engineering and manufacturing processes. Through our manufacturing infrastructure, we leverage our capabilities and scale in procurement, new product development, design, assembly and painting processes. We also leverage best practices in quality control and worker safety across our segments.

We strive to instill a manufacturing culture of continuous improvement. Each of our direct labor employees is taught lean manufacturing principles and other operational best practices to improve the efficiency of their production processes and enhance their employment experience. The commonality and scale of production processes across all of our factories in the areas of chassis production/preparation, product assembly and flow processes and “body” and apparatus design and manufacturing allow us to share efficiency and operational best practices across our segments.

Our growing RTC footprint is strategically placed throughout the United States and our locations are staffed with technicians and customer service representatives to support our approximately 240,000250,000 installed base of vehicles. Our RTCs complement our dealer network to provide our end users with the parts and service that they need to keep their fleets operating and to meet the demand of their customers. The services that we provide at our RTC locations include normal maintenance and service activities, damage repair and rebuilding services. Rebuilding services include manufacturer certified repair and apparatus remounting processes that can extend the life of a vehicle and reduce the total cost of ownership for our end users.

Engineering, Research and Development

We believe our engineering, research and development (“R&D”) capabilities are essential to ensure we remain competitive in the markets in which we operate. With approximately 135 employees with engineering degrees, we engage in new product development, enhancement and testing to improve both existing products and the development of new vehicles and components.

Virtually all of our vehicle sales require some level of custom engineering to meet customer specifications and evolving industry standards. In the Fire & Emergency segment, engineering and development activities include the design and production of customized equipment to meet the specific needs and applications of our customers. In the Commercial segment, the design and functionality of our buses and specialty equipment is constantly updated to improve passenger safety, functionality, access and comfort. In the Recreation segment, overall design, floorplan layout, functionality and amenities require frequent updating to address changes in consumer preferences and to enhance our existing product offerings.

Research and development (“R&D”)&D costs are expensed as incurred and included as part of operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s R&D costs include only those incurred for the design of a new vehicle platform that is made commercially available to a broad portion of our end markets. Our R&D expenses do not include the costs to design and develop specific customized products to individual customers or end users. These costs are included as normal production costs associated with the sale of the specific product for which they were incurred. R&D costs totaled $4.8 million, $5.1 million and $8.3 million for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Suppliers and Materials

During fiscal year 2016, we purchased $1.3 billion of chassis, direct materials and other components from outside suppliers. The largest component of these purchases was for vehicle chassis, representing 34% of the total purchase amount. These chassis are sourced from major automotive manufacturers, including Ford, Freightliner and General Motors, and other original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). These OEMs provide us with standardized, mass-produced chassis models, which we then convert for our customers under approved “authorized converter” agreements with the OEMs. We have tailored our products and processes to the specifications of these OEM agreements, and have built customer expectations and planning around these designs. Therefore, we are reliant on a consistent supply of chassis and the maintenance of our status as “approved converters” in order to maintain our sales.

We also purchase and utilize other materials in our production processes including: steel and aluminum in our apparatus and passenger compartment manufacturing, engines and drivetrain (transmissions, axles) components for our manufactured chassis in the transit bus, RV, fire apparatus and terminal truck businesses,

lighting packages for our emergency and school bus products and HVAC systems and parts, seats and seatbelts, doors, lifts, electrical switches and components, hydraulic components and miscellaneous hardware. We also purchase materials that contain or are composed of certain raw or base materials such as paint, fiberglass parts and chassis body components, wood and wood parts, brass and certain other petroleum-based resins such as plastic. Our top 10 purchased items, other than chassis, represented 34% of our total cost of materials for fiscal year 2016.

We utilize a centralized sourcing model that includes a dedicated team of procurement professionals to complement our segment sourcing teams so that we can coordinate and leverage our purchases across a diverse supplier base. Our centralized sourcing model leverages our growing scale within our markets to achieve competitive pricing and ensure availability. Furthermore, we have historically integrated our acquired companies into our centralized sourcing model to lower their costs. We do not typically enter into sourcing arrangements that are more than 12 to 18 months in duration and we do not undertake defined purchase agreements requiring fixed commitments or “take or pay” requirements with our vendors.

We strive to maintain strong and collaborative relationships with our suppliers and believe that the sources for these inputs are well-established, generally available on world markets and are in sufficient quantity, other than chassis, such that we would expect to avoid disruption to our businesses if we encountered an interruption from one of our key suppliers.

Intellectual Property

Patents and other proprietary rights are important to our business and can provide us with a competitive advantage. We also rely on trade secrets, design and manufacturingknow-how, continuing technological innovations and licensing opportunities to maintain and improve our competitive position. We periodically review third-party proprietary rights, including patents and patent applications, in an effort to avoid infringement on third-party proprietary rights and protect our own, identify licensing or partnership opportunities and monitor the intellectual property claims of others.

We own a portfolio of intellectual property, including approximately 50 patents, confidential technical information and technological expertise in manufacturing specialty vehicles. We also own approximately 330340 registered trademarks in the United States for certain trade names and important products. Due to the markets in which we operate, we believe that our trade names are the most valuable component of our intellectual property. We believe that our intellectual property rights, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions are adequate for our business and have an active program to maintain these rights. Our well-respected and widely recognized proprietary trade names include:E-ONE, KME, Ferrara, Wheeled Coach, American Emergency Vehicles (“AEV”), Horton Emergency Vehicles (“HEV”), Leader Emergency Vehicles (“LEV”),AEV, HEV, LEV, Marque, McCoy Miller, Eldorado, Champion, Collins, Goshen Coach, ENC, World Trans, Capacity,Lay-Mor, Fleetwood RV, Monaco, American Coach, Holiday Rambler, Renegade and Holiday Rambler.Midwest.

While we consider our patents and trademarks to be valued assets, we do not believe that our competitive position is dependent primarily on our patents or trademarks or that our operations are dependent upon any single patent or group of related patents to manufacture our products. We nevertheless face intellectual property-related risks. For more information on these risks, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Intellectual property risks may adversely affect our business and may dilute our competitive advantage.”

Environmental, Health and Safety Laws and Regulations

We are subject to a wide range of federal, state, local and foreign general and industry-specific environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those relating to water discharges, air emissions, the generation, storage, handling, use, release, disposal and transportation of hazardous materials and wastes, environmental cleanup, the health and safety of our employees and the fuel economy and emissions of the vehicles we manufacture. Certain of our operations require environmental, health and safety permits or other

approvals from governmental authorities, and certain of these permits and approvals are subject to expiration, denial, revocation or modification under various circumstances. Compliance with these laws, regulations, permits and approvals is a significant factor in our business. From time to time, we incur significant capital and operating expenditures to achieve and maintain compliance with applicable environmental, health and safety laws, regulations, permits and approvals. Our failure to comply with applicable environmental, health and safety laws and regulations or permit or approval requirements could result in substantial liabilities or civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including regulatory or judicial orders enjoining or curtailing operations or requiring remedial or corrective measures, installation of pollution control equipment or other actions, as well as business disruptions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

In addition, we may be responsible under environmental laws and regulations for the investigation, remediation and monitoring, as well as associated costs, expenses and third-party damages, including tort liability and natural resource damages, relating to past or present releases of hazardous substances on or from our properties or the properties of our predecessor companies, or third-party sites to which we or our predecessor companies have sent hazardous waste for disposal or treatment. Liability under these laws may be imposed without regard to fault and may be joint and several. For example, in April 2012, we received a request for information from the EPA regarding the contamination of soil and groundwater at the San Fernando Valley Area 2 Superfund Site (the “San Fernando Site”). This site is regional in scale, encompasses large portions of the Los Angeles area, and potentially involves many persons (known as “potentially responsible parties” or “PRPs”). The EPA has overseen investigative and remedial activities at the San Fernando Site for many years. Historically, the agency has focused on volatile organic compound (“VOC”) contamination. More recently, the EPA identified chromium as a contaminant of concern at the San Fernando Site, and we believe that it was in that connection that the EPA sent us a request for information regarding whether a prior owner or operator of a facility located within the boundary of the San Fernando Site is a predecessor company to us (although we do not currently operate a facility in such area). The precise nature and extent of VOC and chromium contamination at the San Fernando Site, the nature and cost of any remedial actions that the EPA may require in connection with such contamination, the number and identity of PRPs that might share in responsibility for the VOC and chromium contamination, and whether the Company will become involved as a PRP are not known at this time. If we were to become involved as a PRP at the San Fernando Site, we could be compelled to contribute to the cost of investigations and remediation at the site. We are unable to estimate the potential impact of this liability at this time, and our ability to collect on our insurance policies for remediation costs or damages in connection with any claims relating to the San Fernando Site is unknown at this time. This liability would be allocated among us and other PRPs that are solvent. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Our operations and the industries in which we operate are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and we may face significant costs or liabilities associated with environmental, health and safety matters.”

Product Safety Regulation

We aim to build our products to the highest safety standards within the industry. As we are a specialty vehicle manufacturer, we build our products to a multitude of vehicle safety standards. As noted below, we build our products to adhere to the following standards in our markets.

Bus Market

Our bus products follow design, construction, performance, and durability requirements defined in the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (“FMVSS”). Where applicable, bus products also comply with the vehicle requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), which help ensure safety and accessibility for transporting passengers with disabilities. For school buses, most states have established additional construction and performance requirements for state-funded school buses.

Fire Market

Our fire products adhere to the highest safety standards within the industry. These standards include the following: ISO 9001—2008 / NFPA 1901 for Automotive Fire Apparatus, where specified / NFPA 1906 for Wildland Fire Apparatus, where specified / NFPA 414 and NFPA 412 for Aircraft Rescue Fire Fighting vehicles / UL Inspection Program (VIP) for NFPA 1901 and ULC S515 for Fire Apparatus sold in Canada (where specified) / FMVSS—Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards / CMVSS—Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards / Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)R-29 / Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standards where specified / Underwriters Laboratories (UL & ULC) / Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) AC150/5220-10E / International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) / China Compulsory Certification (CCC).

Ambulance Market

We build and certify our ambulance vehicles as “STAR of LIFE compliant” in accordance withKKK-A-1822F rev 9guidelines. KKK-A-1822F rev 9 is the most common specification and requires compliance to all FMVSS standards as well as selected SAE standards.KKK-A-1822F rev 9 utilizes National Truck Equipment Association (“NTEA”) Ambulance Manufacturers Division (“AMD”) required testing standards.

The ambulances we manufacture receive the STAR of LIFE compliance sticker. When we ship a vehicle to a state that does not require full compliance toKKK-1822-F rev 9, we include on the compliance label any exceptions and deviations from that standard. Today 24 states enforce a strict adherence to theKKK-A-1822F rev 9 standard. The remaining 26 states use elements of this General Services Administration document plus their own additions to comprise their individual state requirements.

Recreation Market

Our Recreation segment products adhere to the following standards: FMVSS / RVIA (RV Industry Association) / CMVSS (Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) / CSA (Canadian Standards Association).

Terminal Trucks Market

Our terminal trucks meet or exceed FMVSS standards and include the appropriate EPA tier certified engines in all of their vehicles. Capacity also follows all SAE recommendations as well as Technology Maintenance Council recommended practices.

Competition

The markets in which we participate are highly competitive. We compete with both divisions of large, diversified companies as well as private and public companies which are pure play participants in one of our

product markets. Several of our competitors may have more financial resources than us but we have also been increasing the scope and scale of the products we produce and the markets we serve. We believe that through this growth we are developing a relatively scaled business across all three of our segments, which creates a competitive advantage against a large portion of our competition and makes us more relevant compared to our larger competitors. We believe that we have been able to effectively compete on the basis of product quality and reliability, total cost of ownership, breadth of product offerings, manufacturing capability and flexibility, client-specific customization, price, technical capability, product innovation, customer service and delivery times. We also believe that we are improving our competitive position by expanding our parts and service business model through our development of our aftermarket service centers, which we refer to as Regional Technical Centers. The combination of our products, aftermarket support and large installed base of vehicles provides us with a competitive advantage across our end markets.

In the Fire & Emergency segment, our competition includes Pierce Manufacturing (Oshkosh Corp.), Rosenbauer International, Spartan Motors, Inc., Braun Industries, Inc., Demers Ambulance, Ferrara Fire Apparatus, FWD Seagrave and Life Line Emergency Vehicles, among others. In the Commercial segment, our

competition includes Starcraft Bus (Forest River), Thomas Bus (Daimler), Blue Bird Corporation, Gillig, Nova Bus (Volvo), Navistar International, Inc., BraunAbility, Vantage Mobility International (VMI), TICO, Kalmar (Cargotec) and New Flyer Industries, Inc., among others. In the Recreation segment, our competition includes Thor Industries, Inc., Winnebago Industries, Inc., Forest River, Tiffin Motorhomes, Inc. and Newmar Corporation, among others.

Employees

As of OctoberJuly 29, 2016,2017, we had approximately 6,0007,600 employees. Our employees are not currently represented by a labor union or collective bargaining agreement. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Facilities

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Map above does not include our manufacturing facility in Sorocaba, Brazil

We maintain corporate office space in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Miami, Florida. The locations of the RTCs and manufacturing properties that we currently own or lease are listed below. We believe that our facilities are suitable and adequate for the purposes for which they are used and are adequately maintained.

 

RTCs

 Approximate
Square Feet
   

Segment

  

Owned or
Leased

Coburg, Oregon

  36,000   Recreation  Leased

Ontario, California

  18,000   Fire & Emergency  Owned

Decatur, Indiana

  90,000   Recreation  Owned

Dallas, Texas

  50,000   Fire & Emergency and Commercial  Leased

Alvarado, Texas

  35,000   Recreation  Owned

Dania Beach, Florida

  4,000   Fire & Emergency  Leased

Ocala, Florida

  63,000   Fire & Emergency  Owned

Rockaway, New Jersey

  5,000   Fire & Emergency  Leased

Roanoke, Virginia

60,000Fire & EmergencyOwned

Latham, New York

  14,000   Fire & Emergency  Leased

Houston, Texas

  4,000   Fire & Emergency  Leased

Little Ferry, New Jersey

22,000Fire & EmergencyLeased

San Francisco, California

3,000Fire & EmergencyLeased
 

 

 

     

Total

  379,420344,000     

Manufacturing Facility Locations

 Approximate
Square Feet
   

Brand(s) Produced

  

Owned or
Leased

Columbus, Ohio

  173,000   Horton Emergency Vehicles  Owned/
Leased

Clarkston, MI

48,000RevabilityLeased

Decatur, Indiana

  1,155,000   ��Fleetwood RV, American Coach, Monaco, Holiday Rambler  Owned

Decatur, Indiana

  260,000   Goldshield  Owned

Elkhart, Indiana

  161,000   Fleetwood RV, Holiday Rambler  Owned

Hamburg, New York

  87,000   E-ONE  Leased

Imlay City, Michigan

  186,000   Champion Bus, Federal, Goshen Coach  Owned

Jefferson, North Carolina

  336,000   American Emergency Vehicles  Owned

Longview, Texas

  154,000   Capacity of Texas,Lay-Mor, ElDorado Mobility Revability  Owned

Los Angeles, California

  33,000   Leader Emergency Vehicles  Leased

Nesquihoning, Pennsylvania

  577,000   KME  Owned

Ocala, Florida

  390,000   E-ONE  Owned

Riverside, California

  227,000   ENC  Owned

Roanoke, Virginia

60,000

KME

Owned

Salina, Kansas

  252,000   ElDorado National, Krystal, Goshen Coach  Owned

South Hutchinson, Kansas

  267,000   Collins Bus, World Trans  Owned

Winter Park, Florida

  222,000   Wheeled Coach, Road Rescue, McCoy Miller, Frontline, Marque  Owned

Holden, Louisiana

232,000Ferrara Fire ApparatusOwned

Elkhart, Indiana

92,000Midwest Automotive DivisionLeased

Bristol, Indiana

200,000

Renegade RV

Leased

Sorocaba, Brazil

130,000REV Fire and Emergency VehiclesLeased
 

 

 

     

Total

  4,480,0005,242,000     

Legal Proceedings

We are, from time to time, party to various legal proceedings arising out of our ordinary course of business. The amount of alleged liability, if any, from these proceedings cannot be determined with certainty; however, we believe that our ultimate liability, if any, arising from pending legal proceedings, as well as from asserted legal claims and known potential legal claims, which are probable of assertion, taking into account established accruals for estimated liabilities, should not be material to our business, financial condition or results of operations.

MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

Below is a list of the names, ages as of the date of this prospectus and positions, and a brief account of the business experience of the individuals who serve as our executive officers and directors as of the date of this prospectus.

 

Name

  Age  

Position

Tim Sullivan

  6364  Chief Executive Officer and Director

Dean Nolden

  48  Chief Financial Officer

Pamela Krop

  5859  General Counsel

Barbara Stephens

  5758  Chief Human Resources Officer

Marcus Berto

  4647  Executive Vice President

Thomas Phillips

  71  Chief Operating Officer

Stephan EnglerPeter Panagis

  3758  Chief Information Officer

Paul Bamatter

  6061  Director

Jean Marie “John” Canan

  6061  Director

Dino Cusumano

  4243  Director

Charles Dutil

  5051  Director

Justin Fish

  3435  Director

Kim Marvin

  55  Director

Joel Rotroff

  3435  Director

Donn Viola

  7172  Director

Tim Sullivan, Chief Executive Officer

Mr. Sullivan currently serves as Chief Executive Officer and Director of REV, positions that he has held since August 2014. Previously, Mr. Sullivan was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Gardner Denver, Inc., a manufacturer of oil and gas, medical and industrial pumps and compressors, from 2013 to 2014 and the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Bucyrus International, Inc., a manufacturer of mining equipment, from 2000 to 2011. In 2012, he served as a special consultant to Wisconsin’s Governor and he chaired the Wisconsin Governor’s Council on Workforce Investment and the Wisconsin Governor’s College and Workforce Readiness Council. He is a current director of Aurora Healthcare, Carroll University and the Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce. He is a former director of Big Brothers Big Sisters of Greater Milwaukee, Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Milwaukee, Bucyrus International, Inc., Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Cliffs Natural Resources, Inc., Crosby, Inc., Generac, Inc., the Greater Milwaukee Committee, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milacron, Inc., Milwaukee School of Engineering, National Mining Association in Washington, D.C., Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, Southeast Wisconsin Business Health Coalition, St. Ann Center for Intergenerational Care, United Way of Greater Milwaukee and the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Business Advisory Council. Mr. Sullivan holds a bachelor of science degree in business administration from Carroll University and a master of business administration degree from Arizona State University’s Thunderbird School of International Management. Because of his deep knowledge of REV and his extensive background in the industry, we believe Mr. Sullivan is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Dean Nolden, Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Nolden currently serves as Chief Financial Officer of REV, a position he has held since January 2016. Prior to joining REV, Mr. Nolden worked at The Manitowoc Company, Inc. since 1998, where he held numerous positions within the finance department, including Vice President of Finance and Treasurer. Prior to his tenure at Manitowoc, Mr. Nolden spent eight years in public accounting in the audit practice of PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP. Mr. Nolden is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he earned a bachelor of business administration degree in accounting. Additionally, Mr. Nolden holds a master of business administration from Marquette University.

Pamela Krop, General Counsel

Ms. Krop currently serves as General Counsel of REV, a position she has held since January 2016. Ms. Krop brings more than 30 years of legal experience to REV, 25 years of which were in corporate counsel positions, with over 15 years in General Counsel roles. Before joining REV, Ms. Krop was Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Intermedix Corporation from 2012 to 2015. Prior to that, she was Senior Vice President and General Counsel for St. Jude Medical, Inc. and spent 15 years at various General Electric businesses. Ms. Krop received a bachelor of arts degree in psychology from the University of Florida and her juris doctor degree from Stanford Law School.

Barbara Stephens, Chief Human Resources Officer

Ms. Stephens has served as Chief Human Resources Officer of REV since February 2016. She has more than 20 years of human resources experience in the fields of mining and manufacturing, leading the functions of environmental health and safety, communications and human resources. Before joining REV, Ms. Stephens served as the Senior Vice President of Human Resources for Bucyrus International, Inc. from 2005 to 2011. Prior to 2005, she held roles in human resources forSnap-on Tools. Ms. Stephens currently servesrecently served as an independent director and chair of the compensation committee on the board of First Business Financial Services, Inc. based in Madison, Wisconsin. Mrs. Stephens earned a bachelor of liberal studies degree from the University of Evansville and a master of science degree in education, workforce education and development from Southern Illinois University.

Marcus Berto, Executive Vice President

Mr. Berto has served as Executive Vice President of REV since 2014 and has more than 20 years of commercial product and business development experience. Prior to joining REV, Mr. Berto served as Chief Executive Officer of Prumo Global Logistics SA in Brazil from 2012 to 2013. Mr. Berto held various leadership positions, including Senior Executive Vice President at Bucyrus International where he was responsible for the Southern Hemisphere region; Vice President Corporate Development at a Canadian mining company; and 12 years with PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP and Arthur Andersen. Mr. Berto earned his accounting degree from the Pontafica Universidade Catolica (Belo Horizonte—Minas Gerais, Brazil) and earned a master of business administration degree with a focus in international general management and mergers and acquisitions from Fundacao Dom Cabral in Brazil. He also completed an Advanced Management Program (AMP—181) at Harvard University in 2011.

Thomas Phillips, Chief Operating Officer

Mr. Phillips has served as Chief Operating Officer of REV since February 2016. As Chief Operating Officer, Mr. Phillips is responsible for all corporate sourcing, quality, materials management and operations. Mr. Phillips served as a consultant to REV from July 2015 through January 2016, and prior to that, worked for Bucyrus International, Inc. for 35 years where he held numerous operational roles and retired as Chief Operating Officer in 2006. Mr. Phillips is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee where he earned his bachelor of science degree in economics.

Stephan Engler,Peter Panagis, Chief Information Officer

Mr. Engler has served asPanagis was named Chief Information Technology Officer of REV since January 2016.on September 8, 2017. He has more than 15over 30 years of global business operations and technology experience. Prior to joining REV, Mr. EnglerPanagis most recently served as the Vice President of IT Strategy & Operations for Johnson Controls, Inc. from 1995 through 2017, where he was responsible for IT Strategy, Enterprise Architecture, Project Portfolio Management, Project Delivery, Mergers & Acquisitions and Enterprise Business Relationship Management. Prior to joining Johnson Controls, Inc., Mr. Panagis worked with Chevron for nearly 14 years, where he held positions in manufacturing engineering, large scale program management, defined benefit/defined contribution plan administration, logistics, plant operations and information technology leadership. Mr. Panagis earned his bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the Global Industrial DivisionUniversity of Gardner Denver from 2013 to 2016. Mr. Engler has also held various technology and operational leadership positions at Bucyrus International and DBT GmbH. Mr. Engler holds a master of administration degree from Bradley University.Michigan in Ann Arbor.

Paul Bamatter, Director

Mr. Bamatter has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2016. Mr. Bamatter served as a Vice President and Secretary of REV and many of REV subsidiaries from 2008 until 2016. He is also a Partner and Chief Financial Officer at AIP, an organization he joined in 2005. Previously, he served as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Consoltex Holdings, Inc. Mr. Bamatter also served as a Senior Manager at PriceWaterhouseCoopers, where he managed the worldwide audits for several banking and manufacturing multinational businesses. Mr. Bamatter graduated from Bishop’s University with bachelor of business administration degree in accounting and finance. Mr. Bamatter earned his Chartered Accountancy designation in Canada in 1981. Because of his significant academic training, current and previous financial experience and his deep knowledge of REV’s operating history, we believe Mr. Bamatter is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Jean Marie “John” Canan, Director

Mr. Canan has served as a member of our Board of Directors since August 2016 and brings over 34 years of strategic, business development and financial leadership experience to REV. Mr. Canan recently retired from Merck & Co., Inc., where he held a number of positions, including Senior Vice President, Global Controller and Chief Accounting Officer. Mr. Canan is also a member of the Board of Directors of Acasti Pharma, where he chairs the Audit Committee. Mr. Canan serves on the Board of Trustees and is Chairman of the Audit & Risk Committee of the Angkor Hospital for Children based in Cambodia. Mr. Canan graduated from McGill University with a bachelor of commerce degree and is a Canadian Chartered Accountant. Because of his over 34 years of strategic, business development and financial expertise, we believe Mr. Canan is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Dino Cusumano, Director

Mr. Cusumano has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2008. Mr. Cusumano was a Vice President of REV from 2008 until February 2016. He is also a general partner at AIP, an organization he joined in 2000. Previously, he served in the Investment Banking Department of J.P. Morgan & Co. Inc., where he worked on merger and acquisition and capital raising transactions, primarily in the industrial sector. In addition, Mr. Cusumano served in the Investment Banking Department at Wedbush Morgan Securities. Mr. Cusumano graduated from the University of Notre Dame, where he received a bachelor of business of administration degree in finance. He is a CFA charterholder. Because of his extensive financial and investing background and his deep knowledge of REV’s history and organization, we believe Mr. Cusumano is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Charles Dutil, Director

Mr. Dutil has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2016 and brings over 25 years of experience in commercial vehicle manufacturing to REV. Since 2002, he has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Manac Inc. Before that, Mr. Dutil served in various senior positions at Manac Inc., including Executive Vice President and Vice President of Marketing. He also sits on the Boards of Directors of Fondation Nordiques and Béton Bolduc Inc. Previously, he was a Director of the Groupe Environnemental Labrie Inc., the Truck Trailer Manufacturers’ Association, FIER Entrepreneur, Fondation du Centre de Réadaptation PhysiqueChaudière-Appalaches and Groupe Harnois. Mr. Dutil is a graduate of HEC Montréal and Western Business School. Because of his extensive business experience, we believe Mr. Dutil is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Justin Fish, Director

Mr. Fish has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2016. He is a partner at AIP, an organization he joined in 2012. Previously, he served as an investment associate for Chilton Investment

Company. In addition, Mr. Fish has held a variety of financial, supply chain and operational roles with Lear Corporation. Mr. Fish also serves on the Board of Directors of Carlstar Group LLC and Gerber Scientific LLC. Mr. Fish graduated from Michigan State University’s Eli Broad College of Business with a bachelor of arts degree in finance. He holds a master of business administration degree from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Because of his financial, supply chain and operational expertise, we believe Mr. Fish is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Kim Marvin, Director

Mr. Marvin has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2008. He is a general partner at AIP, an organization he joined in 1997. Previously, he served in the Mergers and Acquisitions and Financial Institutions Groups of Goldman, Sachs & Co. Before that, he was Chief Operating Officer of the American Original Corporation. Mr. Marvin received a bachelor of science degree in ocean engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He also holds a master of business administration degree from Harvard Business School. Because of his deep knowledge of REV, we believe Mr. Marvin is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Joel Rotroff, Director

Mr. Rotroff has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2016. Mr. Rotroff joined AIP in 2012. Mr. Rotroff previously served as an analyst and associate at Baird Private Equity from 2006 to 2010. Prior to his employment with Baird Private Equity, Mr. Rotroff worked in the Healthcare group in the Investment Banking Division of Piper Jaffray & Co. Prior to Piper Jaffray & Co., Mr. Rotroff worked as a member of the Business Planning team at Boston Scientific. Mr. Rotroff holds a bachelor of science degree in biomedical engineering from the University of Wisconsin, with honors and distinction, a master of engineering degree from Duke University and a master of business administration degree from the J.L. Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. Mr. Rotroff also serves on the Boards of Directors of AIP Aerospace LLC, Carlstar Group LLC and Optimas OE Solutions, LLC. Because of his extensive financial experience, we believe Mr. Rotroff is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Donn Viola, Director

Mr. Viola has served as a member of our Board of Directors since 2008. He was the Chief Operating Officer of Donnelly Corporation from 1996 until his retirement in 2002. Prior to this, he served as Chief Operating Officer and as a director of Mack Trucks Inc. Mr. Viola is currently on the Boards of Directors of Unique Fabricating, Inc. and Defiance Metal Products, Inc. He previously served on the Boards of Directors of Manac Inc. and Williams Controls, Inc. Mr. Viola holds a bachelor of science in mechanical engineering from Lehigh University. Because of his extensive management background, we believe Mr. Viola is well-qualified to serve on our Board of Directors.

Other Key Employees

Below is a list of the names, ages as of the date of this prospectus and positions, and a brief account of the business experience of the individuals who serve as other key employees in our organization as of the date of this prospectus.

 

Name

  Age   

Position

Robert Collins

   6263   President, REV Ambulance Group

Greg Heichelbech

51President, REV Specialty Products

Jim Jacobs

   5253   President, REV RV Group

Dan Peters

   5657   President, REV Fire Group

John Walsh

   51   President, REV Bus Group

Robert Collins

Mr. Collins currently serves as President, REV Ambulance Group, a position he has held since January 2016. Prior to his current role, he was President of Wheeled Coach Industries, a position he held since 1995. Robert served in various other positions at Wheeled Coach since 1977, including Vice President of Operations and Vice President of Sales and Marketing. Robert graduated from the University of Central Florida in 1977 with a bachelor of science degree in business.

Greg Heichelbech

Mr. Heichelbech currently serves as President, REV Specialty Products, a position he has held since January 2016. Prior to joining REV, Mr. Heichelbech worked at Triumph Motorcycles of North America, where he was Chief Executive Officer. Prior to his tenure at Triumph Motorcycles, Mr. Heichelbech spent 20 years as Director of Sales, Director of Dealer Development and Retail Stores and Director of Strategy at Harley-Davidson Motor Company. Mr. Heichelbech is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in business in 1989. Additionally, Mr. Heichelbech holds a master of business administration degree from Loyola University of Chicago.

Jim Jacobs

Mr. Jacobs currently serves as President of REV RV Group, a position he has held since June 2015. Prior to joining REV, Mr. Jacobs served as President of Dynamax RV since 2014 where he led the introduction of several new and innovative products to the company portfolio. Prior to his tenure at Dynamax, Mr. Jacobs spent 12 years with Jayco, Inc. in various management roles, including as Vice President of Sales and Marketing Starcraft RV, Entegra Coach and Jayco Motorhome Group. His tenure at Jayco culminated with his appointment as Chief Operating Officer for that company. Mr. Jacobs holds a bachelor of arts degree in political science from Kansas State University.

Dan Peters

Mr. Peters currently serves as President, REV Fire Group, a position he has held since November 2013. Prior to joining REV, Mr. Peters worked at Pierce Manufacturing beginning in May 2008, where he worked as General Manager and Vice President of Sales. Prior to his tenure at Pierce Manufacturing, Mr. Peters spent 12 years as President of Akron Brass Company. Mr. Peters is a graduate of Wabash College, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in economics.

John Walsh

Mr. Walsh currently serves as President, REV Bus Group, a position he has held since January 2016. Prior to joining REV, John worked at AM General LLC as the Executive Vice President of theMV-1 Division. Prior to his tenure at AM General, Mr. Walsh was the CEO of Vehicle Production Group LLC, an original equipment manufacturer of wheelchair-accessible cars. In addition, he spent 25 years at the bus dealership level with National Bus Sales and Leasing, Inc. Mr. Walsh is a graduate of Methodist University, where he earned a bachelor of arts degree in business administration and economics.

Board Composition and Director Independence

Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors is currently composed of nine directors. After the completion of this offering, theThe number of directors will beis fixed by our Board of Directors, subject to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws will provide for a classified Board of Directors consisting of three classes of directors, each serving staggered three-year terms as follows:

(1) Our Class I directors will beare Messrs. Canan, Dutil and Viola, and their terms will expire at the first annual meeting of stockholders to be held following the completion of this offering.the IPO.

(2) Our Class II directors will beare Messrs. Fish, Rotroff and Sullivan, and their terms will expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders to be held following the completion of this offering.the IPO.

(3) Our Class III directors will beare Messrs. Bamatter, Cusumano and Marvin, and their terms will expire at the third annual meeting of stockholders to be held following the completion of this offering.the IPO.

At each annual meeting of stockholders, upon the expiration of the term of a class of directors, the successor to each such director in the class will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following his or her election and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, in accordance with our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. Any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist ofone-third of our directors. This classification of our Board of Directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control of our Company. See “Description of Capital Stock—Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law, Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Our Amended and Restated Bylaws.”

Controlled Company Exemption

After completion of this offering, certain funds affiliated with AIP will continue to control more than a majority of the voting power of our common stock eligible to vote in the election of directors. As a result, we will continue to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of the NYSE. Under the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance standards, including the requirements that the board be composed of a majority of independent directors and that we have a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee that are composed entirely of independent directors.

Following this offering, we intend to continue to rely on these exemptions. As a result, we may not have a majority of independent directors on our Board of Directors. In addition, our compensation committee and our nominating and corporate governance committee may not consist entirely of independent directors. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance standards applicable tonon-controlled companies.

The Board of Directors has affirmatively determined that Messrs. Canan, Dutil and Viola meet the definition of “independent director” under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE. As such, we believe that after completion of this offering and the listing of our shares on the NYSE, our audit committee will haveis composed of independent directors.

Committees of the Board of Directors

Our Board of Directors has three standing committees: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee. The charter of each committee will beis available on our website.

Audit Committee

Our audit committee is composed of Messrs. Canan, Dutil and Viola, with Mr. Canan serving as chairman of the committee. Our Board of Directors has determined that each member of the audit committee meets the independence requirements under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE and all members of the audit committee meet the financial literacy requirements under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE. Our Board of Directors has determined that all members qualify as “audit committee financial experts” as defined under SEC rules.

The audit committee’s responsibilities include, among other things:

 

appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the qualifications, performance and independence of our independent registered public accounting firm;

 

pre-approving audit and permissiblenon-audit services, and the terms of such services, to be provided by our independent registered public accounting firm;

reviewing the internal audit plan with the independent registered public accounting firm and members of management responsible for preparing our consolidated financial statements;

 

reviewing and discussing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, as well as critical accounting policies and practices used by us;

 

reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting;

 

establishing policies and procedures for the receipt and retention of accounting-related complaints and concerns;

 

monitoring the effectiveness of our compliance policies and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements particularly as they relate to our consolidated financial statements and accounting matters;

 

reviewing our policies on risk assessment and risk management;

 

preparing the audit committee report required by the rules of the SEC to be included in our annual proxy statement;

 

periodically reviewing matters relating to our finance, treasury and tax activities; and

 

reviewing all related party transactions for potential conflict of interest situations and approving any such transactions.

Our audit committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE.

Compensation Committee

Our compensation committee is composed of Messrs. Bamatter, Cusumano and Viola, with Mr. Cusumano serving as chairman of the committee. Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Viola meets the independence requirements under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE. The compensation committee’s responsibilities include, among other things:

 

annually reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of our chief executive officer;

 

evaluating the performance of our chief executive officer in light of such corporate goals and objectives and determining and approving the compensation of our chief executive officer;

reviewing the compensation of our other executive officers;

 

appointing, compensating and overseeing the work of any compensation consultant, legal counsel or other advisor retained by the compensation committee;

 

assessing the independence or the existence of any conflict of interest with respect to any compensation consultant, legal counsel or other advisor retained by the compensation committee in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE;

 

reviewing and establishing our overall management compensation philosophy and reviewing our executive compensation programs, including our retirement benefits, to determine that they are aligned with our philosophy;

 

overseeing and administering our share compensation arrangements and similar plans;

 

reviewing and approving our policies and procedures for the grant of equity-based awards;

 

reviewing and making recommendations to the Board of Directors with respect to director compensation; and

reviewing and discussing with management the compensation discussion and analysis, and preparing the compensation committee report, to be included in our annual proxy statement or Annual Report on Form10-K.

Our compensation committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

Our nominating and corporate governance committee is composed of Messrs. Bamatter, Fish and Rotroff, with Mr. Bamatter serving as chairman of the committee. The nominating and corporate governance committee’s responsibilities include:

 

identifying and evaluating Board of Director candidates, including nominees recommended by stockholders;

 

identifying individuals qualified to become members of the Board of Directors;

 

recommending to the Board of Directors the persons to be nominated for election as directors and to each of the Board’s committees;

 

developing, recommending approval of, and periodically reviewing a set of corporate governance principles that comply with the applicable listing standards of the NYSE;

 

articulating to each director what is expected, including reference to the corporate governance principles and directors’ duties and responsibilities;

 

reviewing and recommending to the Board of Directors practices and policies with respect to the evaluation of directors and the CEO, and overseeing the evaluation process;

 

considering and reporting to the Board of Directors any questions of possible conflicts of interest of board of directors members;

 

providing for new director orientation and continuing education for existing directors on a periodic basis; and

 

overseeing management’s practices, procedures and plans relating to succession planning.

Our nominating and corporate governance committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

Mr. Bamatter served as our corporate secretary in fiscal year 2014 and as a vice president of certain of our subsidiaries from 2008 to August 2016,2016. Mr. Cusumano served as a vice president of certain of our subsidiaries from 2008 until February 2016. No other members of our compensation committee has at any time during the prior three years been one of our officers or employees. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past fiscal year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our Board of Directors or compensation committee.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to all of our employees, officers and directors, including those officers responsible for financial reporting. Upon the closing of this offering, ourOur code of business conduct and ethics will beis available on our website. We intend to disclose any amendments to the code, or any waivers of its requirements, on our website.

EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Compensation of our named executive officers is determined under our compensation program for senior executives. Following completion of this offering, thisThis program will beis overseen by the Board of Directors and its compensation committee (referred to as the “Compensation Committee”). We expect that generally theThe Board of Directors will determinedetermines the compensation of our executive officers in consultation with the recommendations of the Compensation Committee.

This compensation discussion and analysis focuses on our named executive officers listed in the Summary Compensation Table and the other compensation tables below (referred to as our “named executive officers”). Our named executive officers are executive officers who served in the roles of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer during fiscal year 2016, as well as our three next most highly compensated executive officers during fiscal year 2016. Our named executive officers for fiscal year 2016 were:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan, Chief Executive Officer;

 

Dean J. Nolden, Chief Financial Officer;

 

Marcus Berto, Executive Vice President;

 

Thomas B. Phillips, Chief Operations Officer; and

 

Barbara H. Stephens, Chief Human Resources Officer.

We have also identified James McGinn as a named executive officer for fiscal year 2016. Mr. McGinn served as our Chief Accounting Officer prior to his departure in June 2016 and, until Mr. Nolden’s commencement of employment as our Chief Financial Officer in January 2016, assumed various responsibilities traditionally fulfilled by a principal financial officer.

Principal Objectives of Our Compensation Program for Named Executive Officers

Our executive team is critical to our success and to building value for our stockholders. The principal objectives of our executive compensation program are to:

 

attract, retain and motivate high-caliber executive officers by providing a total compensation program that takes into consideration competitive market requirements and strategic business needs;

 

clearly align the financial interests of executive officers with those of our stockholders;

 

encourage behavior consistent with our values and reinforce ethical business practices; and

 

appropriately reward executive officers for creating long-term stockholder value.

Compensation Setting Process

Our Chief Executive Officer has discretion to recommend both the contractual and discretionary compensation of the named executive officers (other than himself) in consultation with our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors has historically had overall responsibility for overseeing our executive compensation policies and compensation plans and programs. In consultation with our Chief Executive Officer, our Board of Directors reviews our achievements as a company and those of our executive officers when determining the specific type and level of compensation of our named executive officers.

We believe the levels of compensation we provide should be competitive, reasonable and appropriate to attract and retain talent to meet our business needs. In addition to the information provided by the consultant to the Company, Willis Towers Watson, PLC (referred to as (“Willis Towers Watson)Watson”), with respect to executive

officer and director compensation matters (discussed below), we have informally considered the competitive market for

corresponding positions within comparable geographic areas and companies of similar size, industry and stage of development. Compensation was determined with the application of subjective discretion rather than by applying a specific formula or matrix to set total compensation in relation to compensation paid by other companies. Our historical approach has been to consider competitive compensation practices and other factors, such as how much compensation was necessary to recruit and retain an executive officer, as well as individual performance. As we gain experience as a public company, we expect that the specific direction, emphasis and components of our executive compensation program will continue to evolve. For example, over time, we may reduce our reliance upon subjective determinations in favor of a more empirically based approach that could involve, among other practices, benchmarking the compensation paid to our named executive officers against peer companies.

For the named executive officers (other than our Chief Executive Officer), our Chief Executive Officer has considered such named executive officer’s responsibilities and prior experience. Our Chief Executive Officer then consults with the Board of Directors on his recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding base salary increases, formula based and discretionary bonus amounts, and equity award amounts, and advises the Board of Directors regarding the compensation program’s ability to attract, retain and motivate executive talent. These recommendations reflect compensation levels that our Chief Executive Officer believes are commensurate with such named executive officer’s individual qualifications, experience, responsibility level, functional role, knowledge, skills, and individual performance, as well as our Company’s performance and competitive offerings.

In determining our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, the Board of Directors takes into consideration our performance, our Chief Executive Officer’s contribution to that performance and the desire to retain and motivate the Chief Executive Officer.

Following completion of this offering, theThe Compensation Committee will administeradministers our executive compensation program in accordance with its charter, including making recommendations to our Board of Directors for approval of various matters.

Role of Compensation Consultant

The Company retained Willis Towers Watson in June 2016 to provide guidance and advice going forward on compensation-related matters, including potential changes to our executive and director compensation structure following completion of this offering.the IPO. We have purchased a proprietary job grading system, as well as broad-based salary survey data, from Willis Towers Watson. The aggregate cost to the Company of these additional products and services did not exceed $120,000 during fiscal year 2016. In connection with our engagement of Willis Towers Watson, our Board of Directors conducted an assessment of potential conflicts of interest of Willis Towers Watson, and no conflicts of interest relating to its services were identified.

Elements of Compensation

The following is a discussion of the primary elements of the compensation for each of our named executive officers.

Annual Base Salary

We believe that providing each of our named executive officers a competitive annual base salary is an important component of compensation. A competitive annual base salary provides a degree of financial stability to our named executive officers that enhances their performance on behalf of our stockholders and is critical to recruiting and retaining our named executive officers. We do not have formal written policies or guidelines for setting or adjusting the annual base salary of our named executive officers but instead make a subjective

determination based on certain factors that we believe are relevant. Specifically, we will consider the executive’s experience, responsibilities and unique leadership skills as well as any changes in the competitive market environment. Our named executive officers who began employment during fiscal year 2016, while we were a private company, received base salaries based on the factors described above and negotiations with them, as set forth in their offer letters described below.

In fiscal year 2016, Mr. Berto received a merit increase of 3% in his annual base salary due to his past and continuing contributions to the Company. Mr. Berto was the only named executive officer to receive an increase in his annual base salary in fiscal year 2016.

Annual Cash Incentive Program

For fiscal year 2016, our named executive officers participated in the discretionary REV Group Management Incentive Plan, which we refer to as the MIP. Under the MIP, bonus payments are based on each named executive officer’s bonus target and the Company’s achievement of Adjusted EBITDA. For fiscal year 2016, the bonus targets for our named executive officers, as a percentage of base salary, were as follows:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—100%

 

Dean J. Nolden—60%

 

Marcus Berto—100%

 

Thomas B. Phillips—80%

 

Barbara H. Stephens—50%

 

James McGinn—50%

Whether participants of the MIP will be eligible to receive bonus payments is determined based on the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is anon-GAAP metric that represents net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for other onetime and noncash expense items. The target for fiscal year 2016 was established at $120 million in Adjusted EBITDA. A threshold performance level of 90% of this target (i.e., $108 million in Adjusted EBITDA) must be met before any bonus payments are made to our named executive officers. The size of the Company’s accrual for bonus payments can increase by 1% for every 1% increase above the Adjusted EBITDA target, with the maximum set at 200% of the target Adjusted EBITDA (i.e., $240 million in Adjusted EBITDA).

Based on the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for fiscal year 2016 of $121.1 million (prior to the impact of the KME acquisition), bonus payouts for fiscal year 2016 were as follows:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—$807,369

 

Dean J. Nolden—$176,612

 

Marcus Berto—$519,744

 

Thomas B. Phillips—$336,404

 

Barbara H. Stephens—$136,664

The amounts paid to Messrs. Nolden and Phillips and Ms. Stephens were prorated based on the date on which they commenced providing services during fiscal year 2016. In connection with his separation from the Company, Mr. McGinn received a guaranteed prorated bonus for fiscal year 2016 of eight months at 100% of target equal to $70,717.

Long-Term Equity Compensation

We have granted equity awards in the form of stock options to our named executive officers under the Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan”). Each of our named executive officers received an award of stock options upon commencing employment with the Company. When determining each named executive officer’s award of stock options, we considered the executive’s experience, responsibilities and unique leadership skills, as well as the retentive effect of the stock

option award. Other than such awards, our named executive officers have not received any additional awards of stock options. The following amounts represent the number of shares (as adjusted based on the stock split described in this prospectus) underlying each of the stock option awards granted to our named executive officers upon their commencement of employment:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—1,240,000

 

Dean J. Nolden—180,000

 

Marcus Berto—400,000

 

Thomas B. Phillips—160,000

 

Barbara H. Stephens—56,000

 

James McGinn—40,000

Our stock options provide long-term incentives to our named executive officers while aligning their interests with our stockholders. Stock options have been granted in the form of nonqualified stock options. These stock options generally vest in equal, annual installments over a three- or four-year period. A certain percentage of these stock options fully vest upon the occurrence of fundamental corporate events (e.g., a change in control or the occurrence of an initial public offering).

As a result, the following amounts represent the shares (as adjusted based on the stock split described in this prospectus) underlying outstanding stock options that will becomebecame fully vested in connection with completion of this offering,our IPO, based on the number of unvested options at October 29, 2016:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—620,000

 

Dean J. Nolden—100,000

 

Marcus Berto—200,000

 

Thomas B. Phillips—80,000

 

Barbara H. Stephens—28,000

Following completion of this offering, weWe anticipate that we will continue to use equity awards as an integral part of our executive compensation program.

Allocation Among Forms of Compensation

Historically, we have not adopted any policies with respect to current compensation versus long-term compensation, with respect to cash versus noncash compensation, or among different forms of noncash compensation. We consider all elements as necessary for achieving our compensation objectives. Our practices as a newly public company following completion of this offering may vary over time.

Employment and Consulting Arrangements with Named Executive Officers

Each of our named executive officers received an offer letter from the Company.

CEO Offer Letter

Under the terms of his offer letter, dated July 9, 2014, Mr. Sullivan is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $800,000 and is eligible to receive a cash bonus payment equal to 100% of his base salary upon the Company’s full attainment of its annual goals. The amount ultimately paid to Mr. Sullivan may exceed 100% of his base salary if the Company outperforms its annual goals. The offer letter also provided for an initial grant of a stock option with respect to 15,500 shares (this amount does not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus)which went into effect

immediately prior to our IPO). Mr. Sullivan was also permitted to purchase up to $5 million in common stock of the Company. Mr. Sullivan’s offer letter does not provide for severance or other similar payments upon his termination of employment.

CFO Offer Letter

Under the terms of his offer letter, dated December 21, 2015, Mr. Nolden is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $350,000 and is eligible to receive a cash bonus payment equal to a target level of 60% of his base salary based upon the Company’s achievement of its annual Adjusted EBITDA target. The amount ultimately paid to Mr. Nolden may exceed such 60% target. The offer letter also provided for an initial grant of 2,250 stock options (this amount does not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus)which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO). The offer letter further provides that Mr. Nolden will be eligible to participate in the Deferred Compensation Plan and participate in the Company’s health and welfare benefit plans and retirement plan. Mr. Nolden’s offer letter does not provide for severance or other similar payments or benefits upon his termination of employment.

Other Named Executive Officers’ Offer Letters

Under the terms of his offer letter, dated October 9, 2014, Mr. Berto serves as our Chief Commercial Officer and is entitled to receive a base salary of $500,000 and is eligible to receive a cash bonus payment equal to a target level of 100% of his base salary with 80% of such award based upon the Company’s achievement of its annual Adjusted EBITDA target and 20% based on the achievement of Mr. Berto’s personal objectives. The amount ultimately paid to Mr. Berto may exceed the 100% target. The offer letter also provides for the initial grant of 5,000 stock options (this amount does not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus)which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO). Mr. Berto was also permitted to purchase up to $1.5 million of common stock of the Company. Mr. Berto’s offer letter also provides that he is eligible to participate in the Deferred Compensation Plan. Mr. Berto currently participates in the health and welfare benefit plans generally available to the Company’s employees. Mr. Berto’s offer letter does not provide for severance or other similar payments or benefits upon his termination of employment.

Mr. Phillips and Ms. Stephens have also received offer letters, each dated February 5, 2016, from the Company. Under the terms of their respective offer letters, Mr. Phillips serves as our Chief Operations Officer, and Ms. Stephens serves as our Chief Human Resources Officer. These offer letters provide for an annual base salary ($500,000 in the case of Mr. Phillips and $325,000 in the case of Ms. Stephens). These offer letters also provide for an annual cash bonus payment equal to a target level of 80% of base salary (in the case of Mr. Phillips) or 50% (in the case of Ms. Stephens) based upon the Company’s achievement of its annual Adjusted EBITDA target. The bonus amount ultimately paid may exceed such target percentages. Mr. Phillips and Ms. Stephens each also received a signing bonus of $22,500 under their respective offer letters. The offer letters also provided for the initial grant of a stock option with respect to 2,000 and 700 shares, respectively (these amounts do not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus)which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO). These offer letters further provide that Mr. Phillips and Ms. Stephens will be eligible to participate in the Deferred Compensation Plan and participate in the Company’s health and welfare benefit plans and retirement plan. The offer letters do not provide for severance or other similar payments or benefits upon a named executive officer’s termination of employment.

Severance and Change in Control Agreements

Our named executive officers are eligible to participate in the REV Group Salaried Severance Policy, which we refer to as the Severance Policy. The purpose of the Severance Policy is to provide reasonable and consistent

severance benefits to our executive officers upon qualifying termination events. The severance payments consist of one year of base salary, as further described under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” below.

In January 26, 2016, we entered into a Transition and Consultancy Agreement (the “Transition and Consultancy Agreement”) with Mr. McGinn in order to provide for an orderly transition of his responsibilities to our new principal financial officer. Under this arrangement, as further described under “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” below, he was eligible to receive a bonus for remaining until June 2016, as well as consulting payments and COBRA reimbursements following his separation from employment.

Restrictive Covenant Agreements

Each of our named executive officers is a party to the REV Restrictive Covenant Agreement. The restrictive covenant agreement provides that during the employment period and for one year following a termination of employment, the named executive officer will not, directly or indirectly, solicit our employees or customers. The restrictive covenant agreement also prevents each named executive officer from directly or indirectly competing with the Company during the employment period and for one year following a termination of employment. The restrictive covenant agreements contain a perpetual nondisclosure covenant.

The Transition and Consultancy Agreement that Mr. McGinn entered into with the Company also contains restrictive covenants. During the twelve-month period commencing on June 17, 2016, Mr. McGinn may not, directly or indirectly, compete with the Company or solicit our employees, independent contractors or customers. The Transition and Consultancy Agreement also contains perpetual nondisclosure andnon-disparagement covenants.

Deferred Compensation Plan

Our named executive officers and all of our highly compensated employees are eligible to participate in the REV Group, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”). Eligibility to participate in the deferred compensation plan is limited to a select group of management or highly compensated employees. Participants are permitted to defer between 1% and 100% of their base salary and annual cash bonus. Participants select the allocation of their accounts among investment indices selected by the Company. The Company does not provide matching contributions to participants of the deferred compensation plan. Our Board of Directors may amend the plan at any time, as long as such amendment does not have any retroactive effect to reduce any amounts allocated to a participant’s accounts. None of our named executive officers currently participate in the deferred compensation plan.

Other Benefits

Retirement Plan

We maintain a qualified defined contribution 401(k) plan for all of our employees. Our named executive officers participate in this plan on the same basis as our employees generally. Under the plan, employees may elect to defer eligible pay up to the annual maximum allowed under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company makes a safe harbor matching contribution equal to 100% of the first 1% of salary contributed by a participating employee, and a 50% matching contribution of the next 5% of salary contributed by a participating employee. Company matching contributions begin after enrollment, and participating employees are 100% vested in such contributions after two years of service.

Health, Welfare and Other Benefit Plans

Our named executive officers are entitled to the same health and welfare benefits as our employees generally, including medical, dental and vision insurance, as well as flex and health savings accounts, life insurance, short-term disability insurance (fully paid by the Company), long-term disability insurance, accident insurance and critical illness insurance.

We offer relocation benefits to newly hired named executive officers as necessary.

In addition, the Company reimbursed Mr. Nolden for COBRA payments that he incurred in connection with continuation of his medical health benefits under his prior employer’s health plan.

Our named executive officers did not receive other perquisites in fiscal year 2016.

Compensation Risk Assessment

Our Compensation Committee has performed a review of compensation policies and practices for all of our employees and has concluded that our compensation policies and practices are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us.

Stock Ownership Guidelines

Our named executive officers have not been subject to mandated stock ownership guidelines. However, we believe it is important for our named executive officers to be owners in the Company to ensure the alignment of their goals with the interests of our stockholders. In connection with this offering,our IPO, we have established guidelines of equity ownership for our Chief Executive Officer equivalent to five times his base salary and for our other executive officers equivalent to three times their respective base salaries. Each has a transition period of five years to meet the requirements set forth in the guidelines to the extent they are not currently in compliance with this guideline.

Accounting and Tax Considerations

Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 280G”) provides that executive officers, certain stockholders and certain other service providers could be subject to significant additional taxes if they receive payments or benefits in connection with a change in control of our Company that exceed certain limits. Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 409A”) also imposes additional significant taxes on the individual for deferred compensation that does not meet the requirements of Section 409A. We have not provided any named executive officer with agross-up or other reimbursement for tax amounts the executive officer might pay pursuant to Section 280G or Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.409A.

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 162(m)”) imposes a $1 million cap on federal income tax deduction for compensation paid to our Chief Executive Officer and to certain other highly compensated officers during any fiscal year unless the compensation is “performance-based” under Section 162(m). Under a special Section 162(m) exception, subject to certain conditions, compensation paid pursuant to a compensation plan in existence before the effective date of this offeringour IPO will not be subject to the $1 million limitation until the earliest of: (i) the expiration of the compensation plan, (ii) a material modification of the compensation plan (as determined under Section 162(m)), (iii) the issuance of all the employer stock and other compensation allocated under the compensation plan, or (iv) the first meeting of stockholders at which directors are elected after the close of the third calendar year following the year in which this offeringthe IPO occurs.

When approving the amount and form of compensation for our named executive officers in the future, our Compensation Committee will consider all elements of the cost to our Company of providing such compensation, including the potential impact of Section 162(m). However, the Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee, as applicable, may, in its judgment, authorize compensation payments that do not comply with the exemptions in Section 162(m) when it believes that such payments are appropriate to attract and retain executive talent. Many other Internal Revenue Code provisions, SEC regulations and accounting rules affect the payment of executive compensation and are generally taken into consideration as programs are developed. Our goal is to create and maintain plans that are efficient, effective and in full compliance with these requirements.

Any equity awards that may be granted to our employees, including our executive officers, pursuant to the 2016 Omnibus Plan or any other long-term incentive planplans that we intend tomay adopt, in connection with the offering, will be reflected in our consolidated financial statements, based upon the applicable accounting guidance, at fair market value on the grant date in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Topic 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation.”

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information regarding the compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to each of our named executive officers during fiscal year 2016.

 

Name and principal position

  Fiscal
year
   Salary
($)
   Bonus
($)(3)
   Option
Awards
($)(4)
   Non-equity
incentive plan
compensation
($)(5)
   All other
compensation
($)(6)
   Total
($)
 

Timothy W. Sullivan

    Chief Executive Officer

   2016    800,000    —      —      807,369    9,275    1,616,644 

Dean J. Nolden

    Chief Financial Officer(1)

   2016    282,692    —      932,169    176,612    7,489    1,398,962 

Marcus Berto

    Executive Vice President

   2016    506,231    —      —      519,744    9,275    1,035,250 

Thomas B. Phillips

    Chief Operations Officer(1)

   2016    367,308    22,500    821,344    336,404    56,142    1,603,698 

Barbara H. Stephens

    Chief Human Resources
Officer(1)

   2016    238,750    22,500    287,471    136,664    22,839    708,224 

James McGinn

    Former Chief Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer(2)

   2016    133,818    148,233    —      —      120,429    402,480 

 

(1)Messrs. Nolden and Phillips and Ms. Stephens commenced their employment with the Company in fiscal year 2016. As such, their annual base salary amounts will reflect partial amounts for fiscal year 2016.
(2)Mr. McGinn ceased to serve as the Company’s principal financial officer on January 11, 2016 and his separation from the Company became effective on June 17, 2016.
(3)Reflects the following: (i) signing bonus for each of Mr. Phillips and Ms. Stephens of $22,500; and (ii) the stay bonus and guaranteed fiscal year 2016 bonus paid to Mr. McGinn under his Transition and Consultancy Agreement.
(4)Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of stock option awards calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. The assumptions we used in valuing stock option awards are described in Note 15 to our 2016 audited consolidated audited financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.
(5)The amounts reported in this column represent the bonus amounts earned under the MIP for fiscal year 2016 and paid in fiscal year 2017.
(6)Reflects the following:
 (i)Payment of $3,451 to Mr. Nolden for COBRA benefits under his prior employer’s plan.
 (ii)Relocation benefits of $18,089 paid to Ms. Stephens.
 (iii)Company matching contributions under the 401(k) plan in the amounts of $9,275 to each of Messrs. Sullivan and Berto, $4,038 to Mr. Nolden, $5,000 to Mr. Phillips, $4,750 to Ms. Stephens and $9,906 to Mr. McGinn.
 (iv)Payment of $51,142 to Mr. Phillips for his services to the Company during fiscal year 2016 as a consultant prior to becoming an employee.
 (v)A total of $110,523 paid to Mr. McGinn under his Transition and Consultancy Agreement, consisting of $88,396 for consulting fees, $7,440 for COBRA reimbursement and $14,687 for accrued but unused vacation pay.

Grants of Plan-Based Awards

The following table sets forth information regarding plan-based awards made to each of our named executive officers during fiscal year 2016.

 

   Grant date   

 

Potential future payouts under non-
equity incentive plan awards(1)

   Option
awards:
Number
of shares
underlying
options
(#)
   Exercise
price of
option
awards
($/sh)
   Grant date
fair value
of option
awards ($)
 

Name

    Threshold
($)
   Target
($)
   Maximum
($)
       

Timothy W. Sullivan

   —      720,000    800,000    1,600,000    —      —      —   

Dean J. Nolden

   1/11/2016          2,250    648.96    932,169 
   —      157,500    175,000    350,000       

Marcus Berto

   —      463,500    515,000    1,030,000    —      —      —   

Thomas B. Phillips

   2/12/2016          2,000    648.96    821,344 
   —      270,000    300,000    600,000       

Barbara H. Stephens

   2/12/2016          700    648.96    287,471 
   —      109,688    121,875    243,750       

James McGinn

   —      92,250    102,500    205,000    —      —      —   

 

(1)Represents amounts payable under the MIP, as described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis above. Messrs. Nolden and Phillips and Ms. Stephens commenced providing services to the Company in fiscal year 2016. As such, their target bonus amounts arepro-rated for fiscal year 2016.
(2)Options were granted under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

The outstanding awards set forth in the table above do not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus.which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO.

Description of Incentive Plans

Cash Incentive Plan

Our Board of Directors has adopted a cash incentive plan or the Cash(the “Cash Bonus Plan.Plan”). The MIP will become a subset of the Cash Bonus Plan. The following is a summary of the material terms of the Cash Bonus Plan.

The Cash Bonus Plan was adopted to enable the Company to recognize the contributions, and reward the performance, of key employees of the Company and its affiliates. The Board of Directors or its Compensation Committee will administer the Cash Bonus Plan. Awards may be discretionary or earned based on factors, criteria or objectives, which may include the performance measures provided in the 2016 Omnibus Plan. Cash Bonus Plan payments, if any, will be made in cash following the end of the applicable performance period.

Omnibus Incentive Plan

Our Board of Directors has adopted, subject to stockholder approval, a new equity compensation plan in the form of an omnibus incentive plan or(the “2016 Omnibus Plan.Plan”). In connection with the Company’s initial public offering,IPO, each independent director will receivereceived an award of restricted stock units with a value of $30,000 (basedbased on the initial public offering price),IPO price, which will cliff-vestvest upon the first anniversary of grant. The following is a summary of the material terms of the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

Purpose

The purpose of the 2016 Omnibus Plan is to motivate and reward those employees and other individuals who are expected to contribute significantly to our long term success and to further align employee interests to those of our stockholders.

Plan Term

The 2016 Omnibus Plan is scheduled to expire after ten years. The term will expire sooner if, prior to the end of theten-year term or any extension period, the maximum number of shares available for issuance under the 2016 Omnibus Plan has been issued or our Board of Directors terminates the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

Authorized Shares and Award Limits

Subject to adjustment, 8,000,000 shares of our common stock will be available for awards to be granted under the 2016 Omnibus Plan (other than substitute awards; that is, awards that are granted in assumption of, or in substitution for, an outstanding award previously granted by a company or other business acquired by us or with which we combine). An individual who is anon-employee director may not receive an award under the 2016 Omnibus Plan that relates to more than $1,000,000 for any calendar year.

Subject to adjustment, the maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be granted to any single individual during any calendar year is as follows: (i) stock options and SARs that relate to no more than 800,000 shares of our common stock; (ii) restricted stock and RSUs that relate to no more than 800,000 shares of our common stock; (iii) performance awards denominated in shares and other share-based awards that relate to no more than 800,000 shares of our common stock; (iv) deferred awards denominated in shares that relate to no more than 800,000 shares of our common stock; (v) deferred awards denominated in cash that relate to no more than $10,000,000; and (vi) performance awards denominated in cash and other cash-based awards that relate to no more than $10,000,000.

If an award is forfeited, expires, terminates or otherwise lapses or is settled for cash, the shares covered by such award will again be available for issuance under the 2016 Omnibus Plan. Shares withheld to pay taxes or shares tendered or withheld in payment of an exercise price will not again become available for issuance under the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

Administration

The Board of Directors or, to the extent authority is delegated by the Board of Directors, its Compensation Committee or other committee (in either event, the “Administrator”) will administer the 2016 Omnibus Plan and determine the following items:

 

designate participants;

 

determine the types of awards (including substitute awards) to grant, the number of shares to be covered by awards, the terms and conditions of awards, whether awards may be settled or exercised in cash, shares, other awards, other property or net settlement, the circumstances under which awards may be canceled, repurchased, forfeited or suspended, and whether awards may be deferred automatically or at the election of the holder or the Administrator;

 

interpret and administer the 2016 Omnibus Plan and any instrument or agreement relating to, or award made under, the 2016 Omnibus Plan;

 

amend the terms or conditions of outstanding awards, including to accelerate the time or times at which an award becomes vested, unrestricted or may be exercised;

 

correct any defect, supply any omission and reconcile any inconsistency in the 2016 Omnibus Plan or any award to carry the 2016 Omnibus Plan into effect;

 

establish, amend, suspend or waive rules and regulations and appoint agents, trustees, brokers, depositories and advisors and determine such terms of their engagement as it shall deem appropriate; and

 

make any other determination and take any other action that it deems necessary or desirable to administer the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

To the extent not inconsistent with applicable law, the Administrator may delegate to one or more of our officers the authority to grant stock options or SARs or other awards in the form of share rights under the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

Types of Awards

The 2016 Omnibus Plan provides for grants of incentive andnon-qualified stock options, SARs, restricted stock, RSUs, performance awards, deferred awards, other share-based awards and other cash-based awards:

 

  Stock Options. A stock option is a contractual right to purchase shares at a future date at a specified exercise price. The per share exercise price of a stock option (except in the case of substitute awards) will be determined by the Administrator at the time of grant but may not be less than the closing price of a share of our common stock on the day prior to the grant date. The Administrator will determine the date on which each stock option becomes vested and exercisable and the expiration date of each option. No stock option will be exercisable more than ten years from the grant date, except that the Administrator may generally provide for an extension of suchten-year term in the event the exercise of the option would be prohibited by law on the expiration date. Stock options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options must meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

  SARs. A SAR represents a contractual right to receive, in cash or shares, an amount equal to the appreciation of one share of our common stock from the grant date over the exercise or hurdle price of such SAR. The per share exercise price of a SAR (except in the case of substitute awards) will be determined by the Administrator but may not be less than the closing price of a share of our common stock on the day prior to the grant date. The Administrator will determine the date on which each SAR may be exercised or settled and the expiration date of each SAR. However, no SAR will be exercisable more than ten years from the grant date.

 

  Restricted Stock. Restricted stock is an award of shares of our common stock that are subject to restrictions on transfer and a substantial risk of forfeiture.

 

  RSUs. An RSU represents a contractual right to receive the value of a share of our common stock at a future date, subject to specified vesting and other restrictions.

 

  

Performance Awards. Performance awards, which may be denominated in cash or shares, will be earned upon the satisfaction of performance conditions specified by the Administrator. The performance conditions for awards that are intended to qualify as “performance-based compensation” for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code may include, but not be limited to, the following: return measures (including total shareholder return; return on equity; return on assets or net assets; return on risk-weighted assets; and return on capital (including return on total capital or return on invested capital)); revenues (including total revenue; gross revenue; net revenue; and net sales); income/earnings measures (including earnings per share; earnings or loss (including earnings before or after interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization); gross income; net income; operating income (before or after taxes); pre-or after-taxpre-orafter-tax income or loss (before or after allocation of corporate overhead and bonus);pre- orafter-tax operating income; net earnings; net income or loss (before or after taxes); operating margin; gross margin; and adjusted net income); expense measures (including expenses; operating efficiencies; and improvement in or attainment of expense levels or working capital levels (including cash and accounts receivable)); cash flow measures (including cash flow or cash flow per share (before or after dividends); and cash flow return on investment); share price measures (including share price; appreciation in and/or maintenance of share price; and market capitalization); strategic objectives (including market share; debt reduction; customer growth; employee satisfaction; research and development achievements; mergers and acquisitions; management retention; dynamic market response; expense reduction initiatives; reductions in costs; risk management; regulatory compliance and achievements; and recruiting and maintaining personnel); and other measures (including economic value-added models or equivalent metrics; economic profit added; gross profits; economic profit;

 

comparisons with various stock market indices; financial ratios (including those measuring liquidity, activity, profitability or leverage); cost of capital or assets under management; and financing and other capital raising transactions (including sales of the Company’s equity or debt securities; factoring transactions; sales or licenses of the Company’s assets, including its intellectual property, whether in a particular jurisdiction or territory or globally; or through partnering transactions)). These performance criteria may be measured on an absolute (e.g., plan or budget) or relative basis, may be established on a corporate-wideCompany-wide basis or with respect to one or more business units, divisions, subsidiaries or business segments, may be based on a ratio or separate calculation of any performance criteria and may be made relative to an index or one or more of the performance goals themselves.

 

  Deferred Awards. The Administrator is authorized to grant awards denominated in a right to receive shares of our common stock or cash on a deferred basis.

 

  Other Share-Based Awards. The Administrator is authorized to grant other share-based awards, which may be denominated in shares of our common stock or factors that may influence the value of our shares.

 

  Other Cash-Based Awards. The Administrator is authorized to grant other cash-based awards either independently or as an element of or supplement to any other award under the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

Adjustments

In the event that the Administrator determines that, as result of any dividend or other distribution, recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, separation, rights offering,split-up,spin-off, combination, repurchase or exchange of our shares or other securities, issuance of warrants or other rights to purchase our shares or other securities of the Company, issuance of our shares pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of our securities, or other similar corporate transaction or event affecting our shares, or of changes in applicable laws, regulations or accounting principles, an adjustment is appropriate to prevent dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the 2016 Omnibus Plan, the Administrator will, subject to compliance with Section 409A, of the Internal Revenue Code, adjust equitably any or all of:

 

the number and type of shares or other securities that thereafter may be made the subject of awards, including the aggregate and individual limits under the 2016 Omnibus Plan;

 

the number and type of shares or other securities subject to outstanding awards; and

 

the grant, purchase, exercise or hurdle price for any award or, if deemed appropriate, make provision for a cash payment to the holder of an outstanding award.

In addition, the Administrator may adjust the terms and conditions of, and the criteria included in, outstanding awards in recognition of events affecting the Company or the financial statements of the Company, or changes in applicable laws, regulations or accounting principles, whenever the Administrator determines that such adjustments are appropriate in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the 2016 Omnibus Plan, subject, in all such instances, to compliance with Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code..

No Repricing

Except as provided the Omnibus Plan’s adjustment provisions, no action shall directly or indirectly, through cancellation and regrant or any other method, reduce, or have the effect of reducing, the exercise or hurdle price of any award established at the time of grant thereof without approval of our stockholders.

Termination of Service and Change of Control

The Administrator will determine the effect of a termination of employment or service on outstanding awards, including whether the awards will vest, become exercisable, settle or be forfeited. In the event of a

change of control, except as otherwise provided in the applicable award agreement, the Administrator may provide for:

 

continuation or assumption of outstanding awards under the 2016 Omnibus Plan by us (if we are the surviving corporation) or by the surviving corporation or its parent;

 

substitution by the surviving corporation or its parent of awards with substantially the same terms and value as such outstanding awards under the 2016 Omnibus Plan;

 

acceleration of the vesting (including the lapse of any restrictions, with any performance criteria or conditions deemed met at target) or the right to exercise outstanding awards immediately prior to the date of the change of control and the expiration of awards not timely exercised by the date determined by the Administrator; or

 

in the case of outstanding stock options and SARs, cancelationcancellation in consideration of a payment in cash or other consideration equal to the intrinsic value of the award. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, terminate without the payment of any consideration, any stock options or SARs for which the exercise or hurdle price is equal to or exceeds the per share value of the consideration to be paid in the change of control transaction.

Amendment and Termination

Our Board of Directors may amend, alter, suspend, discontinue or terminate the 2016 Omnibus Plan, subject to approval of our stockholders if required by the rules of the stock exchange on which our shares are principally traded. The Administrator may also amend, alter, suspend, discontinue or terminate, or waive any conditions or rights under, any outstanding award. However, subject to the adjustment provision and change of control provision, any such action by the Administrator that would materially adversely affect the rights of a holder of an outstanding award may not be taken without the holder’s consent, except to the extent that such action is taken to cause the 2016 Omnibus Plan to comply with applicable law, stock market or exchange rules and regulations, or accounting or tax rules and regulations, or to impose any “clawback” or recoupment provisions on any awards in accordance with the 2016 Omnibus Plan.

2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan

Historically,Prior to our IPO, we have had one long-term incentive plan pursuant to which we havehad only granted stock options, the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan. Outstanding stock options currently provide the option holder the right to purchase our common stock at the strike price per share agreed to under an individual award following satisfaction of time-basedtime or performance based vesting conditions. Following completion of this offering,our IPO, we will no longer grant new awards under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Purpose

The purpose of the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan is to attract and retain the services of key employees, key contractors, key consultants and outside directors while aligning their interests with the interests of our stockholders.

Shares Available under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan

As of October 29, 2016,5, 2017, we had 46,8323,063,668 stock options outstanding under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan, (this amount does not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus), subject to adjustment in the event of any recapitalization, stock-split, reverse stock split, rights offering,

reorganization, merger, consolidation,split-up,spin-off,split-off, combination, subdivision, repurchase or exchange of common stock or other securities of the Company, issuance of warrants or other rights to purchase common stock or other securities of the Company, or other similar corporate transaction or event that affects the common stock of the Company such that an

adjustment is determined by the Board of Directors to be appropriate to prevent the dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan. Shares issued under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan may be made available from authorized but unissued common stock, common stock held by the Company in its treasury or common stock purchased by the Company on the open market or otherwise. If any award is forfeited, expires or terminates without having been exercised, the shares that are not acquired may again be issued under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan. No new awards will be made under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.Plan.

Eligibility

All of our employees, contractors, consultants and outside directors may receive awards under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan. As of October 29, 2016, 465, 2017, 38 participants held outstanding awards under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Administration

The 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan is administered by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has discretion to:

 

interpret the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan;

 

prescribe, amend, and rescind any rules and regulations necessary or appropriate for the administration of the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan;

 

establish performance goals for an award and certify the extent of their achievement;

 

designate from time to time eligible persons to whom awards will be granted; and

 

make such other determinations or certifications and take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable in the administration of the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

The Board of Directors may delegate to officers of the Company, pursuant to a written delegation, the authority to perform specified functions under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Amendment and Termination

In general, the Board of Directors may, without the consent of the participants, alter, amend, revise, suspend, or discontinue the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan in whole or in part. However, no amendment for which stockholder approval is required (either by any securities exchange or inter-dealer quotation system on which the common stock of the Company is listed or traded or in order for the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan and awards made under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan to continue to comply with Sections 162(m), 409A, 421 and 422 of the Internal Revenue Code) will be effective unless such amendment is approved by the requisite vote of the stockholders of the Company entitled to vote. Unless required by law, the Board of Directors may not take any action that adversely affects any rights of participants or obligations of the Company to participants with respect to an award without the consent of the affected participant.

Form of Awards

Awards under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan are in the form of stock options not intended to qualify as “incentive stock options” under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, with the following terms:

 

options must have an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant;

a certain percentage of the shares subject to the stock option are subject to immediate vesting upon the occurrence of certain, fundamental corporate events (e.g., change in control or upon the occurrence of an initial public offering);

 

generally, stock options under the 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan provide for vesting in equal annual installments over three or four years from the date of grant; and

 

stock options expire upon the earlier of ten years after the date of grant or 90 days after termination of service (other than termination of service due to death or disability, in which case the options may be exercised within one year thereafter, or a termination for cause, in which case the Company may immediately terminate unexercised stock options).

Outstanding Equity Awards at FiscalYear-End

The following table sets forth information regarding equity awards held by our named executive officers as of October 29, 2016.

 

  OPTION AWARDS  STOCK AWARDS 

Name

 Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
  Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
  Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#)
  Option
Exercise
Price
($)
  Option
Expiration
Date
  Number of
Shares or
Units of
Stock that
Have Not
Vested (#)
  Market
Value
of
Shares
or
Units
of
Stock
that
Have
Not
Vested
($)
  Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number
of
Unearned
Shares,
Units or
Other
Rights
that Have
Not
Vested
(#)
  Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Market
or Payout
Value of
Unearned
Shares,
Units or
Other
Rights
that Have
Not
Vested
($)
 
(a) (b)  (c)  (d)  (e)  (f)  (g)  (h)  (i)  (j) 

Timothy W. Sullivan(1)

  7,750   7,750   —     402.23   8/15/2024   —     —     —     —   

Dean Nolden(2)

  —     2,250   —     648.96   1/10/2026   —     —     —     —   

Marcus Berto(3)

  2,500   2,500   —     402.23   10/19/2024   —     —     —     —   

Thomas B. Phillips(3)

  —     2,000   —     648.96   2/11/2026   —     —     —     —   

Barbara H. Stephens(3)

  —     700   —     648.96   2/11/2026   —     —     —     —   

James McGinn

  —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —   

 

(1)Options vest in four equal installments over four years from the grant date, which is ten years prior to the expiration date. See “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” for a description of accelerated vesting upon certain events.
(2)Options vest in three equal installments over three years from the employee’s employment start date. The options expire ten years from the date of grant. See “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” for a description of accelerated vesting upon certain events.
(3)Options vest in four equal installments over four years from the employee’s employment start date. The options expire ten years from the date of grant. See “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” for a description of accelerated vesting upon certain events.

The outstanding awards set forth in the table above do not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus.which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO.

Option Exercises

The following table sets forth information regarding stock options exercised by our named executive officers during fiscal year 2016.

 

   Option Awards 

Name(a)

  Number of Shares Acquired
on Exercise
(#)
  Value Realized on
Exercise
($)
 

James McGinn

   500(1)  $      186,957(2) 

 

(1)This number does not reflect the stock split described in this prospectus.which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO.
(2)Represents the fair market value of our common stock as of June 17, 2016, less the option exercise price of the stock option award. This amount was paid by the Company to Mr. McGinn upon the Company’s exercise of its call right under the Shareholders Agreementour prior shareholders agreement in connection with Mr. McGinn’s separation from the Company.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

Severance Policy. The Severance Policy provides severance payments to participants upon an “involuntary separation from service,” which includes an elimination for lack of work, cost containment, a general reduction in force, or other reasons unrelated to job performance. An “involuntary separation from service” specifically excludes a termination of employment for cause or otherwise due to job performance or otherjob-related matters. In order to receive severance payments, a participant must have been employed by the Company for a minimum of twelve months. Receipt of severance payments is contingent on a participant’s execution andnon-revocation of a release of claims. Pursuant to the Severance Policy, Messrs. Sullivan and Berto would be eligible to receive a severance payment equal to one year of his annual base salary. Given the date on which they commenced employment with the Company, Messrs. Nolden and Phillips and Ms. Stephens are not eligible to receive severance payments as of the date of this prospectus.

The following amounts reflect the severance payments our named executive officers would have been eligible to receive upon experiencing an “involuntary separation from service” on October 29, 2016:

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—$800,000

 

Marcus Berto—$515,000

Accelerated Vesting Upon Change in Control or IPO. Each of our named executive officers (other than Mr. McGinn) hold stock options that would partially vest in connection with fundamental corporate events, including a change in control or initial public offering. The following amounts represent the value associated with the partial acceleration of each named executive officer’s unvested stock options if this offeringthe IPO or a change in control had occurred on October 29, 2016 (based on $13.87, or the share value as of such applicable date after the stock split described in this prospectus)which went into effect immediately prior to our IPO):

 

Timothy W. Sullivan—$5,479,483

 

Dean J. Nolden—$575,375

 

Marcus Berto—$1,767,575

 

Thomas B. Phillips—$460,300

 

Barbara H. Stephens—$161,165

Transition Agreement. Pursuant to the Transition and Consultancy Agreement with Mr. McGinn, which will terminateterminated in June 2017, he was entitled to receive the following:

 

A stay bonus equal to $77,516 and guaranteed prorated bonus for fiscal year 2016 equal to $70,717, in each case subject to Mr. McGinn’s continued employment through June 17, 2016;

Consulting payments equal to $212,150 paid in monthly installments through May 31, 2017, plus a consulting fee at a rate of $175 per hour for services requested beyond an agreed monthly limit; and

 

Full reimbursement for COBRA payments that Mr. McGinn incurs in connection with continuation of his health benefits for the12-month period following June 17, 2016 (or, if earlier, the date when Mr. McGinn and his dependents cease to be eligible for such coverage).

Director Compensation

Neither Mr. Sullivan nor ournon-employee directors who are employees of AIP receive compensation for their board service. Ournon-employee directors will be eligible to receive an annual retainer fee of $80,000 for their board service.Non-employee directors who serve on a committee of the board will receive an additional $7,500 for their service. A chairperson of a committee of our board will also receive $15,000 for such service. These fees are payable the first month of each fiscal quarter.

Non-employee directors may also receive one or more grants of equity compensation from the Company in respect of his or her service on the Board of Directors of the Company. In connection with the Company’s initial public offering,IPO, each independent director will receivereceived an award of restricted stock units with a value of $30,000 (basedbased on the initial public offering price),IPO price, which will cliff-vestvest upon the first anniversary of grant.

Fiscal Year 2016 Director Compensation. The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation earned by ournon-employee directors during fiscal year 2016. Mr. Sullivan does not receive separate compensation for his service on the Board of Directors.

 

Name

  Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
($)
   All Other
Compensation
($)
   Total
($)
 

Paul Bamatter

  $—     $—     $—   

Jean Marie “John” Canan

   23,750    —      23,750 

Dino Cusumano

   —      —      —   

Charles Dutil

   21,875    —      21,875 

Justin Fish

   —      —      —   

Gene Goodson(1)

   50,000    15,000    65,000 

Kim Marvin

   —      —      —   

Joel Rotroff

   —      —      —   

Donn Viola

   61,250    —      61,250 

 

(1)Mr. Goodson ceased to be a director in October 2016. Pursuant to a consulting agreement, he received $15,000 for separately providing consulting services during fiscal year 2016.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

We describe below transactions and series of similar transactions, during our last three fiscal years or currently proposed, to which we were a party or will be a party, in which:

 

the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and

 

any of our directors, executive officers or beneficial holders of more than 5% of any class of our capital stock had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

Other than as described below, there have not been, nor are there any currently proposed, transactions or series of similar transactions meeting this criteria to which we have been or will be a party other than compensation arrangements, which are described where required under “Executive and Director Compensation.”

Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement

In connection with this offering, we will enter intoWe are party to an amended and restated shareholders agreement with AIP, entities affiliated with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (the “JPM Holders”) and certain of our existing stockholders (the “Shareholders Agreement”). The Shareholders Agreement will become effective upon completion of this offering and replace the shareholders agreement that waswe entered into in effect immediately prior to this offering.connection with our IPO. Pursuant to the Shareholders Agreement, AIP will havehas the following rights so long as it beneficially owns at least 15% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock:

 

to nominate the greater of five members of the Board of Directors or a majority of directors;

 

to designate the Chairman of our board of directors and one member to each of the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee;

 

to approve the commencement of any proceeding for the voluntary dissolution, winding up or bankruptcy of the Company or any material subsidiary;

 

to approve anynon-pro rata reduction to the share capital of the Company or any material subsidiary, except as required by law;

 

to approve amendments to the amended and restated certificate of incorporate and amended and restated bylaws that would change the name of the Company, its jurisdiction of incorporation, the location of its principal executive offices, the purpose or purposes for which the Company is incorporated or the approval requirements as provided in the Shareholders Agreement;

 

to approve special dividends greater than $10 million;

 

to approve any merger, amalgamation or consolidation of the Company or thespin-off of a business of the Company with assets in excess of 15% of the consolidated assets or revenues of the Company and its subsidiaries;

 

the sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of all or more than 15% of the consolidated assets or revenues of the Company and its subsidiaries; and

 

any designation to the Board of Directors contrary to the Shareholders Agreement or the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws.

In addition, for so long as AIP beneficially owns at least 15% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock, AIP will beis entitled to certain information rights, including the right to consult with and advise senior management, to receive quarterly and annual financial statements and to review our books and records. We willare also be required to cooperate with AIP in connection with certain pledges of our shares or grants of security interests in respect thereof, including in connection with margin loans.

The Shareholders Agreement will also provideprovides for the reimbursement of certain expenses that AIP incurs in connection with providing management services to us. During fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, reimbursements

of expenses to AIP for management services totaled $0.2 million, $1.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively. During the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, reimbursements of expenses to AIP for management services totaled $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

The Shareholders Agreement will automatically terminate when AIP ceases to beneficially own, directly or indirectly, at least 15% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock.

Registration Rights Agreement

In connection with this offering,our IPO, we will enterentered into a registration rights agreement that will provideprovides AIP and certain of our current shareholders with registration rights, as described under “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights.”

Other Transactions with our Executive Officers, Directors and 5% Stockholders

In December 2014, we engaged an information technology, software and consulting company to provide services to us including software development and installation. Mr. Sullivan, our CEO, has a material equity interest in that company. During the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and fiscal years 2016 and 2015, we incurred $1.1 million, $1.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of net costs relating to such services. Mr. Sullivan has not received any payments or other direct monetary gains from his equity interest in the company. Our Board of Directors has determined that the transactions with the related software and consulting company were on commercially reasonable terms that are no less favorable than we would be able to obtain on an arm’s length basis. Our CEO has recused himself from receiving any direct economic benefit from the payments made to the consulting company for services rendered to us.

Indemnification Agreements

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws will provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law. In addition, prior to the completion of this offering,in connection with our IPO, we expect to enterentered into customary indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements will require us to indemnify these individuals and, in certain cases, affiliates of such individuals, to the fullest extent permissible under Delaware law against liabilities that may arise by reason of their service to us or at our direction, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.

There is currently no pending litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is being sought.

Related Person Transactions Policy

Upon the consummation of this offering,In connection with our IPO, we will adoptadopted a formal, written policy with respect to the review, approval, ratification and disclosure of related person transactions. The policy requires that a “related person” (as defined in Item 404 of the SEC’s RegulationS-K) or the business leader responsible for entering into the “related person transaction” (as defined in Item 404 of the SEC’s regulationS-K) on our behalf, must, prior to entering into the related party transaction, notify our General Counsel and the chairman of our audit committee of the facts and circumstances of the proposed transaction. Under the policy, our audit committee, and, in limited circumstances, the chairman of our audit committee, is responsible for reviewing the facts and circumstances and determining whether to approve the related person transaction. In particular, our policy requires our audit committee to consider, among other factors it deems appropriate:

 

the related person’s relationship to us and interest in the transaction;

 

the material facts of the proposed transaction, including the proposed aggregate value of the transaction;

the impact on a director’s independence in the event the related person is a director or an immediate family member of the director;

 

the benefits to us of the proposed transaction;

 

if applicable, the availability of other sources of comparable products or services; and

 

an assessment of whether the proposed transaction is on terms that are comparable to the terms available to an unrelated third party or to employees generally.

The audit committee (or audit committee chairman) may only approve those transactions that it determines, in good faith, are in, or are not inconsistent with, our best interests and those of our stockholders.

PRINCIPAL AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information relating to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of October 29, 2016,5, 2017, by:

 

each person, or group of affiliated persons, known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock;

 

each of our other selling stockholders;

 

each of our directors and named executive officers; and

 

all directors and named executive officers as a group.

A person is a “beneficial owner” of a security if that person has or shares voting or investment power over the security or if that person has the right to acquire sole or shared voting or investment power over the security within 60 days. Unless otherwise noted, these persons, to our knowledge, have sole voting and investment power over the shares listed. In computing the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, we deemed outstanding shares of common stock subject to options held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of October 29, 2016.5, 2017. We did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

The percentage of shares beneficially owned is computed on the basis of 51,197,20064,145,945 shares of our common stock outstanding as of October 29, 2016.5, 2017. Unless otherwise indicated below, the address for each beneficial owner listed is c/o REV Group, Inc., 111 E. Kilbourn Avenue, Suite 2600, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202. The following table assumes that the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full. The selling stockholders listed in the table below are not selling any shares other than in connection with the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

Name and address of beneficial owner:

 Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned Before

this Offering
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered in
the Option
to Purchase
Additional
Shares
  Percentage of Shares
Owned Assuming
Underwriters’ Exercise
of the Option to
Purchase Additional
Shares in Full
 
 Shares  %  Shares   %   

Selling stockholders:

       

Funds associated with American Industrial Partners(1)

  45,834,841    89.5  45,834,841     72.0  1,247,879    70.0

Funds associated with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC(2)

  2,078,439    4.1  2,078,439     3.3  56,586    3.2

Ally Commercial Finance, LLC(3)

  547,795    1.1  547,795     *    547,795      

Jorge Amador(4)

  16,704    *    16,704     *    455    *  

Eric Baroyan(5)

  52,619    *    52,619     *    1,433    *  

The Eric Baroyan 2010 Long-Term Trust(6)

  5,846    *    5,846     *    159    *  

John Becker(7)

  92,250    *    92,250     *    2,512    *  

The John Becker 2010 Long-Term Trust(8)

  104,027    *    104,027     *    2,832    *  

Estate of Sparsh Bhargava(9)

  4,176    *    4,176     *    114    *  

Daniel Davis(10)

  15,034    *    15,034     *    409    *  

The Main Trust under the Daniel Davis 2012 Long-Term Trust(11)

  1,670    *    1,670     *    45    *  

Ben DeRosa(12)

  58,465    *    58,465     *    1,592    *  

Ryan Hodgson(13)

  8,352    *    8,352     *    227    *  

Richard Hoffman(14)

  16,704    *    16,704     *    455    *  

Graham Sullivan(15)

  43,849    *    43,849     *    1,194    *  

The Graham Grosvenor Sullivan 2012 Long-Term Trust(16)

  14,616    *    14,616     *    398    *  

Name and address of beneficial
owner:

 Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned Before
this Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered in
the Option
to Purchase
Additional
Shares
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this
Offering Assuming
Underwriters’ Exercise
of Option to Purchase
Additional Shares
in Full
 
 Shares  %   Shares  %       Shares          %     

Selling stockholders:

        

Funds associated with American Industrial Partners(1)

  44,586,963   69.5  9,402,307   35,184,656   54.9  1,410,346   33,774,310   52.7

Funds associated with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC(2)

  2,021,853   3.2  426,359   1,595,494   2.5  63,954   1,531,540   2.4

Jorge Amador(3)

  16,249   *   3,427   12,822   *   514   12,308   * 

Eric Baroyan(4)

  51,186   *   10,794   40,392   *   1,619   38,773   * 

The Eric Baroyan 2010 Long-Term Trust(5)

  5,687   *   1,199   4,488   *   180   4,308   * 

John Becker(6)

  89,738   *   18,924   70,814   *   2,839   67,975   * 

The John Becker 2010 Long-Term Trust(7)

  101,195   *   21,340   79,855   *   3,201   76,654   * 

Trusts associated with the estate of Sparsh Bhargava(8)

  4,062   *   857   3,205   *   128   3,077   * 

Daniel Davis(9)

  14,625   *   3,084   11,541   *   463   11,078   * 

The Main Trust under the Daniel Davis 2012 Long-Term Trust(10)

  1,625   *   343   1,282   *   51   1,231   * 

Ben DeRosa(11)

  56,873   *   11,993   44,880   *   1,799   43,081   * 

Ryan Hodgson(12)

  8,125   *   1,713   6,412   *   257   6,155   * 

Richard Hoffman(13)

  16,249   *   3,427   12,822   *   514   12,308   * 

Graham Sullivan(14)

  42,655   *   8,995   33,660   *   1,349   32,311   * 

The Graham Grosvenor Sullivan 2012 Long-Term Trust(15)

  14,218   *   2,998   11,220   *   450   10,770   * 

Name and address of beneficial owner:

  Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned Before

this Offering
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this
Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered in
the Option
to Purchase
Additional
Shares
  Percentage of Shares
Owned Assuming
Underwriters’ Exercise
of the Option to
Purchase Additional
Shares in Full
 
  Shares  %  Shares   %   

Directors and executive officers:

        

Tim Sullivan(17)

   1,117,200    2.2  1,117,200     1.8      1.8

Dean Nolden

       *         *        *  

Barbara Stephens

       *         *        *  

Marcus Berto(18)

   498,320    1.0%    498,320     *        *  

Tom Phillips

       *         *        *  

Paul Bamatter(19)

                          

Jean Marie “John” Canan(20)

                          

Dino Cusumano(21)

   196,278    *    196,278     *    5,344    *  

Charles Dutil(22)

                          

Justin Fish(23)

   4,176    *    4,176     *    114    *  

Kim Marvin(24)

   196,278    *    196,278     
*
  
  5,344    *  

Joel Rotroff(25)

   4,176    *    4,176     *    114    *  

Donn Viola(26)

   40,811    *    40,811     *        *  
   

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

All executive officers and directors as a group (13 persons)

   2,057,239    4.0  2,057,239     3.2  10,916    3.2

Name and address of beneficial
owner:

 Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned Before
this Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this Offering
  Number of
Shares Being
Offered in
the Option
to Purchase
Additional
Shares
  Common Stock
Beneficially Owned
After this
Offering Assuming
Underwriters’ Exercise
of Option to Purchase
Additional Shares
in Full
 
 Shares  %   Shares  %       Shares          %     

Directors and executive officers:

        

Tim Sullivan(16)

  1,240,000   1.9%      1,240,000   1.9%      1,240,000   1.9% 

Dean Nolden(17)

  126,666   *      126,666   *      126,666   * 

Barbara Stephens(18)

  35,000   *      35,000   *      35,000   * 

Marcus Berto(19)

  698,320   1.1%      698,320   1.1%      698,320   1.1% 

Tom Phillips(20)

  90,000   *      90,000   *      90,000   * 

Paul Bamatter(21)

                        

Jean Marie “John” Canan(22)

                        

Dino Cusumano(23)

  190,934   *   40,263   150,671   *   6,040   144,631   * 

Charles Dutil(24)

                        

Justin Fish(25)

  4,062   *   857   3,205   *   128   3,077   * 

Kim Marvin(26)

  190,934   *   40,263   150,671   *   6,040   144,631   * 

Joel Rotroff(27)

  4,062   *   857   3,205   *   128   3,077   * 

Donn Viola(28)

  40,811   *      40,811   *      40,811   * 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

All executive officers and directors as a group (13 persons)

  2,620,789   4.1%    2,538,549   4.0%    2,526,213   3.9% 

 

*Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent of our outstanding shares of common stock.
(1)Represents (i) 42,684,34444,586,963 shares of common stock held directly or indirectly by American Industrial Partners Capital Fund IV, LP. (“Fund IV”), (ii) 211,556 shares of common stock held by American Industrial Partners Capital Fund IV (Parallel), LP (“Parallel Fund”) and (iii) 2,938,941 shares of common stock held by AIP/CHC Holdings, LLC (“AIP Holdings” and, together with Fund IV and Parallel Fund, the “AIP Funds”). AIP CF IV, LLC (“AIP GP”) is the general partner of Fund IV and the Parallel Fund. Mssrs.Messrs. Becker, Cusumano and Marvin are the senior managing members of AIP GP. They are also the managing members of AIP/CHC Investors, LLC, which is the managing member of AIP Holdings. Messrs. Cusumano and Marvin serve as members of the Board of Directors of REV. See “Management.” As a result of the above, Messrs. Becker, Cusumano and Marvin may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by the AIP Funds. Messrs. Bamatter, Sullivan, Viola, Marvin and Cusumano also each hold an indirect interest in AIP Holdings. Messrs. Bamatter, Cusumano, Marvin and Viola serve as members of the Board of Directors of REV. See “Management.” Each of Messrs. Becker, Cusumano and Marvinthe individuals listed herein disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock held by the AIP Funds except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. The AIP Funds may be deemed to be a “group” within the meaning of Rule13d-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The address of the AIP Funds is c/o American Industrial Partners, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(2)Represents (i) 1,954,6441,901,428 shares of common stock held by PEG U.S. Direct Corporate Finance Institutional Investors III LLC (“PEG Institutional”), (ii) 102,52999,738 shares of common stock held by PEG Corporate Finance Private Investors III LLC (“PEG Private”) and (iii) 21,26620,687 shares of common stock held by 522 Fifth Avenue Fund, L.P. (“Fund 522” and, together with PEG Institutional and PEG Private, the “JPM Holders”). The JPM Holders may be deemed to be a “group” within the meaning of Rule13d-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The address of the JPM Holders is c/o J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc., 320 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022. Certain affiliates of the investment adviser orsub-adviser, as applicable, to the JPM Holders are (a) the Company’s primary treasury management bank, (b) a lender under the ABL Facility and (c) the beneficiary of a guaranty issued by the Company. Such affiliates receive fees and other compensation for providing such services to the Company and the ABL Facility, and in acting in such capacities, may have interests that could become adverse to the interests of the JPM Holders. Such affiliates, however, do not hold any shares of the Company, and the JPM Holders beneficially own less than 5% of the outstanding common stock of the Company.

(3)The address of Ally Commercial Finance, LLCthis person is 300 Parkc/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 4th28th Floor, New York, New York 10022.10017.
(4)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(5)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.

(6)Eric Baroyan, as Trustee of the Eric Baroyan 2010 Long-Term Trust, may be deemed to share voting power and dispositive power over the shares held by the Eric Baroyan 2010 Long-Term Trust. The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(7)(6)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(8)(7)John Becker, as Trustee of the John Becker 2010 Long-Term Trust, may be deemed to share voting power and dispositive power over the shares held by the John Becker 2010 Long-Term Trust. The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(8)Reflects 2,031 shares of common stock held by the Umesh K. Bhargava Revocable Trust dated August 4, 2017 and 2,031 shares of common stock held by the Nibha Bhargava Revocable Trust dated August 4, 2017. Each of Umesh K. Bhargava and Nibha Bhargava serves as co-Trustees of the two trusts. The address of these persons is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(9)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(10The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(11)(10)Daniel Davis, as Trustee of the Main Trust under the Daniel Davis 2012 Long-Term Trust, may be deemed to share voting power and dispositive power over the shares held by the Main Trust under the Daniel Davis 2012 Long-Term Trust. The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(11)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(12)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(13)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(14)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(15)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(16)Graham Sullivan, as Trustee of the Graham Grosvenor Sullivan 2012 Long-Term Trust, may be deemed to share voting power and dispositive power over the shares held by the Graham Grosvenor Sullivan 2012 Long-Term Trust. The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(17)(16)Includes 497,200 shares of common stock and (b) 620,000Reflects 1,240,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable within 60 days after October 29, 2016.5, 2017. Does not include 248,600 shares held in the Scott R. Sullivan Trust or 248,600 shares held in the Tamara D. Hansen Trust.
(18)(17)Includes (a) 298,320 shares of common stock and (b) 200,000Reflects 126,666 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable within 60 days after October 29, 2016.5, 2017.
(18)Reflects 35,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable within 60 days after October 5, 2017.
(19)The addressIncludes (a) 298,320 shares of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.common stock and (b) 400,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable within 60 days after October 5, 2017.
(20)The addressReflects 90,000 shares of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.common stock issuable upon the exercise of options exercisable within 60 days after October 5, 2017.
(21)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(22)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(23)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(24)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(25)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(26)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 1001710017.
(27)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.
(28)The address of this person is c/o AIP, 330 Madison Avenue, 28th Floor, New York, New York 10017.

DESCRIPTION OF INDEBTEDNESS

We summarize below the principal terms of the agreements that govern our material indebtedness. We refer you to the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part for copies of the agreements governing the indebtedness described below.

ABL Facility

On October 21, 2013, the CompanyApril 25, 2017, we entered into a $150.0 million senior secured ABL revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the “ABL“April 2017 ABL Agreement”) providing for a $350.0 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “April 2017 ABL Facility”) withand a syndicateterm loan and guaranty agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”) providing for a $75.0 million senior secured term loan (the “Term Loan”), the material terms of lenders. which are described in more detail below.

April 2017 ABL Facility

The 2017 ABL Agreement was entered into among the Company, as Borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantor Subsidiaries, Ally Bank (“Ally”), as Administrative Agent and Ally and BMO Harris Bank N.A., asCo-Collateral Agents, and certain other lenders and agents party thereto.

The April 2017 ABL Facility consists of: (i)provides for revolving loans (ii) swing line loans and (iii) letters of credit aggregatingin an aggregate amount of up to a combined maximum of $150.0$350.0 million. The total amount borrowedApril 2017 ABL Facility is subject to a $15.0$30.0 million sublimit for swing line loans and a $25.0$35.0 million sublimit for letters of credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the agreement. On April 22, 2016,2017 ABL Agreement. The April 2017 ABL Agreement allows for incremental facilities in an aggregate amount of up to $100.0 million, plus the Company exercised its $50.0 millionexcess, if any, of the borrowing base then in effect over total commitments then in effect. Any such incremental commitment option under thefacilities are subject to receiving additional commitments from lenders and certain other customary conditions. The April 2017 ABL Facility in conjunction withmatures five years after the acquisition of KME. On August 19, 2016, the Company amended the ABL Facility to increase the commitment from $200.0 million to $300.0 million to provide flexibility and access to the suppressed borrowing base. All other terms and conditions of the ABL Facility remained unchanged.closing date.

Maturity. All outstanding principal on the ABL Facility is due and payable on the maturity date of October 21, 2018, unless as otherwise amended per the terms of the agreement.

Interest and Fees. All revolving loans under the April 2017 ABL Facility bear interest at rates equal to, at the Company’s option, either a base rate plus an applicable margin, or a Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin. All swing line loans under the ABL Facility bearApplicable interest at a rate equal to a base rate plus an applicable margin. Applicable margins wereare initially set at 0.75% for revolving loans and swing lineall base rate loans and 1.75% for all Eurodollar rate loans and are(with the Eurodollar rate having a floor of 0%), subject to subsequent adjustment as definedbased on utilization in accordance with the agreement.ABL Agreement. Interest is payable quarterly for all loans in which a base rate is applied,loans, and is payable either monthly quarterly or semiannuallyquarterly for all loans in which a Eurodollar rate is applied.loans.

Guarantees and Security. The lenders holdunder the April 2017 ABL Facility have a first priority security interest in substantially all accounts receivable and inventory of the Company, and a second priority security interest in substantially all other assets of the Company. All obligations

The Company may prepay principal, in whole or in part, at any time without penalty.

The April 2017 ABL Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, subject in certain cases to customary limitations, exceptions and exclusions. The April 2017 ABL Agreement also contains certain customary events of default. The occurrence of an event of default under the ABL Facility are effectively subordinate to other debt tocould result in the extenttermination of the value of collateral other than accounts receivable and inventory.

Voluntary Repayments. Principal may be repaid at any time during the term ofcommitments under the ABL Facility without penalty. We intend to repay $39.3 million aggregate principal amountand the acceleration of loansall outstanding borrowings under ABL Facility, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, with a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Covenants.it. The ABL FacilityAgreement requires the Company to comply with certain financial covenants, including maintainingmaintain a consolidatedminimum fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1:1. The1.00 to 1.00 during certain compliance periods, which is triggered when the availability under the April 2017 ABL Facility containsfalls below a numberthreshold set forth in the April 2017 ABL Agreement.

Term Loan

The Term Loan Agreement was entered into among the Company, as Borrower, certain subsidiaries of negative covenants that will,the Company, as Guarantor Subsidiaries, Ally, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and certain other lenders and agents party thereto.

The Term Loan Agreement allows for incremental facilities in an aggregate amount of up to $125.0 million. Any such incremental facilities are subject to receiving additional commitments from lenders and certain exceptions, limit our ability andother customary conditions. The Term Loan agreement requires annual principal payments of $0.8 million per year, with remaining principle payable at maturity, which is April 25, 2022.

Applicable interest rate margins for the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:

incur additional indebtedness and issue preferred stock;

pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem our capital stock;

make certainTerm Loan are initially 2.50% for base rate loans and investments;

transfer3.50% for Eurodollar rate loans (with the Eurodollar rate having a floor of 1.00%). Interest is payable quarterly for all base rate loans, and is payable monthly or sell assets;
quarterly for all Eurodollar rate loans.

incur certain liens;

enter into transactions with affiliates;

alterThe Company may voluntarily prepay principal, in whole or in part, at any time, without penalty. Beginning in the businesses we conduct;

enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ abilityfiscal year ended on or about October 31, 2018, the Company is obligated to pay dividends;

consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets;

enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions; and

prepay certain other indebtedness and amend certain material documents.

Senior Secured Notes

On October 21, 2013 the Company issued $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes due November 1, 2019 (the “Senior Secured Notes”) under an indenture dated as of October 21, 2013. The net proceeds from the Senior Secured Notes, together with net proceeds from the ABL Facility (defined below), were primarily used to finance the Thor Industries acquisition and to repay all outstanding debt existing at that time. The Senior Secured Notes were issued with original issue discount of $1.2 million.

On October 17, 2016, the Company completed an open market purchase of $20.0 million of its outstanding Senior Secured Notes, which were subsequently cancelled. The Company paid a premium of $0.4 million and $0.8 million of accrued interest as of the date of the purchase.

Interest and Fees. Interestamounts based on the Senior Secured Notes accrues at the rate of 8.5% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1.

Guarantees and Security. The Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed by all our direct and indirect wholly owned domestic subsidiaries that guarantee debt under the ABL Facility described below. The Senior Secured Notes are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the guarantors’ assets other than accounts receivable and inventory, and related assets pledgedCompany’s Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the ABL Facility.Term Loan Agreement. The Senior Secured Notes areTerm Loan is also secured by a second priority lien on substantially all of the collateral under our ABL Facility. The Senior Secured Notes are effectively subordinated to debt incurred under our ABL Facility, or other permitted debt facilities and obligations, as defined, to the extent of the value of the assets securing our ABL Facility.

Optional Redemption. We may redeem all or a part of the Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Senior Secured Notes redeemed, to the applicable redemption date. The redemption price is 104.250% of the principal amount of the Senior Secured Notes from November 1, 2016 to November 1, 2017, after which it decreases to 102.125% and 100.000% on November 1, 2017 and 2018, respectively.

We intend to redeem the Senior Secured Notes in full with a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Covenants. The Senior Secured Notes contain a number of covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, restrict the Company’s ability to:

incur additional indebtedness;

make loans or advances tomandatory prepayment if the Company or any of its subsidiaries;
restricted subsidiaries receives proceeds from certain events, including certain asset sales and casualty events, and the issuance of certain debt and equity interests.

pay dividends;

sell, lease or transfer properties or assetsThe Term Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, in each case, subject to customary limitations, exceptions and exclusions. The Term Loan Agreement also contains certain customary events of default. The Term Loan Agreement requires the Company or its subsidiaries;
to maintain a specified secured leverage ratio as follows:

Through July 31, 2018 4.00 to 1.00

create or assume liens;

Through July 31, 2019 3.75 to 1.00

enter into transactions with affiliates;

Through July 31, 2020 3.50 to 1.00

enter into sale or leaseback transactions; and

Through July 31, 2021 3.25 to 1.00

dispose of collateral guaranteeing the Senior Secured Notes.

Through April 25, 2022 3.00 to 1.00

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following is a summary of our capital stock and certain terms of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws as they will be in effect upon the completion of this offering.bylaws. This discussion summarizes some of the important rights of our stockholders but does not purport to be a complete description of these rights and may not contain all of the information regarding our capital stock that is important to you. These rights can only be determined in full, and the descriptions herein are qualified in their entirety, by reference to our proposed amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, copies of which are filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

Reclassification of Class A and Class B Common Stock

Concurrently with the completion of this offering, we will amend our certificate of incorporation to (i) provide for the automatic reclassification of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, which will be issued in this offering, and (ii) to effect an 80-for-1 stock split pursuant to which each share of common stock held by a holder will be reclassified into 80 shares effective concurrently with the closing of this offering (with us paying cash in lieu of any fractional share). In addition, we will further amend our certificate of incorporation and bylaws to include the provisions described below.

General

Upon the completion of this offering, ourOur authorized capital stock will consistconsists of 700,000,000 shares of capital stock, $0.001 par value per share, of which:

 

605,000,000 shares are designated as common stock; and

 

95,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock.

As of October 29, 2016,5, 2017, there were 51,197,20064,145,945 shares of our common stock outstanding held by 7261 stockholders of record. No shares of our preferred stock are currently outstanding.

The following description summarizes the material terms of our securities. Because it is only a summary, it may not contain all the information that is important to you.

Common Stock

All issued and outstanding shares of our common stock will behave been duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, andnon-assessable. All authorized but unissued shares of our common stock will beare available for issuance by our Board of Directors without any further stockholder action, except as required by the listing standards of the NYSE.

Voting Rights. Each holder of our common stock will beis entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. The holders of common stock willdo not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.

Dividend Rights. Each holder of our common stock will beis entitled to ratably receive dividends if, as, and when declared from time to time by our Board of Directors at its own discretion out of funds legally available for that purpose, after payment of dividends required to be paid on outstanding preferred stock, if any. Under Delaware law, we can only pay dividends either out of “surplus” or out of thecurrent or the immediately preceding year’s net profits. Surplus is defined as the excess, if any, at any given time, of the total assets of a corporation over its total liabilities and statutory capital. The value of a corporation’s assets can be measured in a number of ways and may not necessarily equal their book value.

Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions. Upon our dissolution, liquidation, orwinding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders are distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock, subject to prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights and payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Shareholders Agreement. In connection with this offering, we will enter intoWe are party to an amended and restated shareholders agreement with AIP, the JPM Holders and certain of our existing stockholders (the “Shareholders Agreement”). Pursuant to the Shareholders Agreement, AIP will havehas certain rights so long as it beneficially owns at least 15% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock, as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement.”

Other Matters. The common stock will havehas no preemptive rights pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws. There will beare no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of our common stock, will beincluding the shares being offered by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus, have been fully paid and non-assessable, and the shares of our common stock offered in this offering, upon payment and delivery in accordance with the underwriting agreement, will be fully paid and non-assessable.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, 95,000,000 shares of preferred stock will beare issuable from time to time, in one or more series, with the designations of the series, the voting rights of the shares of the series (if any), the powers, preferences, or relative, participation, optional, or other special rights (if any), and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof as our Board of Directors from time to time may adopt by resolution (and without further stockholder approval), subject to certain limitations. Each series will consist of that number of shares as will be stated and expressed in the certificate of designations providing for the issuance of the stock of the series.

Options

As of October 29, 2016,5, 2017, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 3,746,5603,063,668 shares of our common stock, with a weighted-average exercise price of approximately $5.69$5.80 per share, under our 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Restricted Stock Units

As of October 5, 2017, we had reserved 135,593 shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of restricted stock units.

Registration Rights

In connection with this offering, we will enter intoWe are party to a registration rights agreement with AIP, Ally Commercial Finance, LLC, the JPM Funds and certain other existing stockholders (each, a “Stockholder” and together, the “Stockholders”), each of which will beis entitled to certain demand and piggyback registration rights. The Stockholders will hold an aggregate of 52,569,33437,610,426 shares of our common stock, or approximately 83.0%58.6% of the voting power of our common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares). The registration rights described below will expire on the date on which the securities subject to the registration rights agreement may be sold by the holder in a single transaction pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Demand Registration Rights. At any time beginning 180 days after the effective date ofSubject to certain requirements and other limitations in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part,rights agreement, AIP and any other Stockholder or group of Stockholders holding at least 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock may request that we register all or a portion of their shares. Any such request must cover a quantity of shares with an anticipated aggregate offering price of at least $50.0 million. To the extent we are a well-known seasoned issuer, the Stockholders making a demand registration may also request that we file an automatic shelf registration statement on FormS-3 that covers the registrable securities requested to be registered. Depending on certain conditions, we may defer a demand registration for up to 90 days in any twelve-month period. The Stockholders will agree pursuant to contractual lock-ups not to exercise any of their rights under the registration rights agreement during the 180-day restricted period described under “Underwriting.”

Piggyback Registration Rights. In the event that we propose to register any of our securities under the Securities Act, either for our account or for the account of our other security holders, the Stockholders will be

entitled to certain piggyback registration rights allowing each to include its shares in the registration, subject to certain marketing and other limitations. As a result, whenever we propose to file a registration statement under the Securities Act, the holders of these shares are entitled to notice of the registration.

Transfer Restrictions. The registration rights agreement will contain certain transfer restrictions applicable to the parties thereto. Without the consent of AIP, and subject to certain exceptions, no party to the registration rights agreement will be permitted to transfer their shares of our common stock except in a registered offering being conducted pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of, the registration rights agreement.

Expenses; Indemnification. The registration rights agreement will provideprovides that we must pay all registration expenses (other than the underwriting discounts and commissions) in connection with effecting any demand registration or shelf registration.registration, including the registration expenses associated with this offering. The registration rights agreement will containcontains customary indemnification and contribution provisions.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law, Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Our Amended and Restated Bylaws

Certain provisions of Delaware law and certain provisions that will be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws summarized below may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, deter, or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider to be in its best interests, including attempts that might result in a premium being paid over the market price for the shares held by stockholders.

Preferred Stock

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions that permit our Board of Directors to issue, without any further vote or action by the stockholders, shares of preferred stock in one or more series and, with respect to each such series, to fix the number of shares constituting the series and the designation of the series, the voting rights (if any) of the shares of the series, and the powers, preferences, or relative, participation, optional, and other special rights, if any, and any qualifications, limitations, or restrictions, of the shares of such series.

Classified Board

Our Board of Directors will beis divided into three classes of directors, with each class as nearly equal in number as possible, serving staggered three year terms, other than directors which may be elected by holders of preferred stock, if any.

Removal of Directors

At any time after AIP beneficially owns less than 50% of our then outstanding common stock, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that directors may be removed only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of our then outstanding stock. Prior to such time, directors may be removed with or without cause.

Director Vacancies

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes only our Board of Directors to fill vacant directorships.

No Cumulative Voting

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that stockholders do not have the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors.

Special Meetings of Stockholders

At any time after AIP beneficially owns less than 50% of our then outstanding common stock, our amended and restated bylaws and amended and restated certificate of incorporation provide that special meetings of our stockholders may only be called by the Board of Directors. Prior to such time, a special meeting may also be called by the secretary of the Company at the request of stockholders holding a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.

Advance Notice Procedures for Director Nominations

Our amended and restated bylaws establish advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to nominate candidates for election as directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders. Although our amended and restated bylaws do not give the board of directors the power to approve or disapprove stockholder nominations of candidates to be elected at an annual meeting, our amended and restated bylaws may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the proper procedures are not followed or may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our Company.

Action by Written Consent

At any time after AIP beneficially owns less than 50% of our then outstanding common stock, our amended and restated bylaws and amended and restated certificate of incorporation provide that any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of shareholders and may not be effected by any consent in writing in lieu of a meeting of such shareholders, subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock. Prior to such time, such actions may be taken without a meeting by written consent.

Amending Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

At any time after AIP beneficially owns less than 50% of our then outstanding common stock, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may be amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of at leasttwo-thirds of our common stock. Prior to such time, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may be amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of our common stock.

Authorized But Unissued Shares

Our authorized but unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock will be available for future issuances without stockholder approval, except as required by the listing standards of the NYSE, and could be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future offerings to raise additional capital, acquisitions, and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our Company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

Exclusive Jurisdiction

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or other employees to us or to our stockholders, any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the DGCL, or any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

Business Combinations with Interested Stockholders

Subject to certain exceptions, Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination (as defined in such section) with an “interested stockholder” (defined

generally as any person who beneficially owns 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of such corporation or any person affiliated with such person) for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (i) prior to such time the Board of Directors of such corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (ii) upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of such corporation at the time the transaction commenced (excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock of such corporation outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (A) by persons who are directors and also officers of such corporation and (B) by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer); or (iii) at or subsequent to such time the business combination is approved by the Board of Directors of such corporation and authorized at a meeting of stockholders (and not by written consent) by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock of such corporation not owned by the interested stockholder.

A Delaware corporation may “opt out” of these provisions with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certificate of incorporation or bylaws resulting from a stockholders’ amendment approved by at least a majority of the outstanding voting shares. We have expressly elected not to be governed by the “business combination” provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL, until after such time as AIP no longer beneficially owns at least 50% of our common stock. At that time, such election shall be automatically withdrawn and we will thereafter be governed by the “business combination” provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

Upon the completion of the offering, theThe transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will beis Computershare Inc.Trust Company, N.A. The transfer agent and registrar’s address is 250 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021.

Listing

Our common stock is not currently on any securities exchange. However, subject to notice of official issuance, our shares of common stock have been approved for listingare listed on the NYSE under the symbol “REVG.”

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Prior to completion of this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and we cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares of our common stock for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Future sales of our common stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares of our common stock will beare available for sale shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of our common stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price at such time and our ability to raise equity capital in the future.

Following the completion of this offering, based on the number of shares of our common stock outstanding asAs of October 29, 2016,5, 2017, we had outstanding a total of 63,697,20064,145,945 shares of our common stock. Of these shares, 12,500,00010,000,000 (or 14,375,00011,500,000 if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares) shares of our common stock sold in this offering, in addition to the 14,375,000 shares of our common stock sold in our IPO completed on February 1, 2017, will be eligible for sale in the public market without restriction under the Securities Act, except that any shares of our common stock purchased in this offering or our IPO by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, would only be able to be sold in compliance with the conditions of Rule 144 described below.

Our other shares of common stock outstanding after this offering, and shares subject to stock options, will be deemed “restricted securities,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. These restricted securities will be eligible for sale in the public market only if they are registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are summarized below.

Lock-up Agreements

We, and each of our directors and executive officers and substantially all of our otherthe selling stockholders and optionholdersidentified in this prospectus have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, that, without the prior written consent of the Requisite Number of Representatives (as defined under “Underwriting”) of the underwriters, we and they will not, subject to limited exceptions, directly or indirectly sell or dispose of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of common stock for a period of 18090 days after the date of this prospectus, unless extended pursuant to its terms. Thelock-up restrictions and specified exceptions are described in more detail under “Underwriting.”

Rule 144

Rule 144, as currently in effect, generally provides that once we have been subject to the public company reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, a stockholder who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at any time during the preceding 90 days and who has beneficially owned the shares of common stock proposed to be sold for at least six months is entitled to sell such shares in reliance upon Rule 144 without complying with the volume limitation, manner of sale or notice conditions of Rule 144. If such stockholder has beneficially owned the shares of common stock proposed to be sold for at least one year, then such person is entitled to sell such shares in reliance upon Rule 144 without complying with any of the conditions of Rule 144.

Rule 144 also provides that a stockholder who is deemed to have been one of our affiliates at any time during the preceding 90 days and who has beneficially owned the shares of common stock proposed to be sold for at least six months is entitled to sell within any three-month period beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus a number of shares of common stock that does not exceed the greater of the following:

 

1% of the number of shares of common stock then outstanding; or

 

Thethe average weekly trading volume of our common stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such salesale.

Sales of our common stock made in reliance upon Rule 144 by a stockholder who is deemed to have been one of our affiliates at any time during the preceding 90 days are also subject to the current public information, manner of sale and notice conditions of Rule 144.

Rule 701

In general, under Rule 701 under the Securities Act, beginning 90 days after we become subject to the public company reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, a stockholder who acquired shares of common stock from us in connection with a written compensatory benefit plan or agreement in compliance with Rule 701 and who is not deemed to be one of our affiliates at any time during the preceding 90 days may sell such shares in reliance on Rule 144 without complying with the current public information or minimum holding period conditions of Rule 144. Rule 701 also provides that beginning 90 days after we become subject to the public company reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, a stockholder who acquired shares of common stock from us in connection with a written compensatory benefit plan or agreement in compliance with Rule 701 and who is deemed to be one of our affiliates at any time during the preceding 90 days may sell such shares in reliance on Rule 144 without complying with the holding period condition of Rule 144.

Long-Term and Omnibus Incentive PlanPlans

Following this offering,On January 27, 2017, we intend to filefiled with the SEC a registration statement on FormS-8 under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock that are subject to outstanding options and other awards issuable pursuant to our 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan and our 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan. SharesThe FormS-8 registration statement became effective immediately upon filing, and shares covered by thisthat registration statement will beare available for sale in the open market, following its effective date, subject to certain Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates and the terms oflock-up agreements applicable to those shares.

Registration Rights

Subject to thelock-up agreements described above, certain holders of our common stock may demand that we register the sale of their shares under the Securities Act or, if we file another registration statement under the Securities Act other than a FormS-8 covering securities issuable under our equity plans or on FormS-4, may elect to include their shares of common stock in such registration. Following such registered sales, the shares will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act, unless held by our affiliates. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights.”

U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS FORNON-U.S. HOLDERS

The following is a discussion of the material U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock by a “non-U.S.“non-U.S. holder.” A “non-U.S.“non-U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of a share of our common stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

anon-resident alien individual, other than a former citizen or resident of the United States subject to U.S. tax as an expatriate;

 

a foreign corporation; or

 

a foreign estate or trust.

If a partnership or other pass-through entity (including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership or other type of pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes) owns our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner or beneficial owner of the entity may depend upon the status of the owner, the activities of the entity and certain determinations made at the partner or beneficial owner level. Partners and beneficial owners in partnerships or other pass-through entities that own our common stock should consult their own tax advisors as to the particular U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences applicable to them.

This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the “Code,” and administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury Regulations, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus may affect the tax consequences described herein (possibly with retroactive effect). This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation that may be relevant tonon-U.S. holders in light of their particular circumstances and does not address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction. Prospective holders are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of owning and disposing of our common stock, including the consequences under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction.

Dividends

Distributions of cash or other property on our common stock will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), and generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate, or a reduced rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding under an applicable income tax treaty, anon-U.S. holder generally will be required to provide an Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) FormW-8BEN or IRS FormW-8BEN-E, as applicable, certifying its entitlement to benefits under the treaty. To the extent such distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, they will constitute a return of capital, which will first reduce your basis in our common stock, but not below zero, and then will be treated as gain from the sale of our common stock, as described below under “—Gain on Disposition of Our Common Stock.”

No amounts in respect of U.S. federal withholding tax will be withheld from dividends paid to anon-U.S. holder if thenon-U.S. holder provides an IRS FormW-8ECI certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with thenon-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if thenon-U.S. holder were a U.S. resident, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. Anon-U.S. holder that is a corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate) on its effectively connected earnings and profits (subject to certain adjustments).

Gain on Disposition of Our Common Stock

Subject to the discussions below under “—Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding” and “—FATCA Withholding Taxes,” anon-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income and withholding tax on gain realized on a sale or other disposition of our common stock unless:

 

the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of thenon-U.S. holder in the United States, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise, in which case the gain will be subject to U.S. federal income tax generally in the same manner as effectively connected dividend income, as described above;

 

thenon-U.S. holder is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition and certain other conditions are met, in which case the gain (net of certain U.S.-source losses) generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate); or

 

we are or have been a United States real property holding corporation (as described below), at any time within the five-year period preceding the disposition or thenon-U.S. holder’s holding period, whichever period is shorter, and either (i) our common stock is not regularly traded on an established securities market prior to the beginning of the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs or (ii) thenon-U.S. holder has owned or is deemed to have owned, at any time within the five-year period preceding the disposition or thenon-U.S. holder’s holding period, whichever period is shorter, more than 5% of our common stock.

We will be a United States real property holding corporation at any time that the fair market value of our “United States real property interests,” as defined in the Code and applicable Treasury regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market value of our worldwide real property interests and our other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming in the foreseeable future, a United States real property holding corporation.

Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding

Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments of dividends. Information returns may also be filed with the IRS in connection with the payment of proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock, unless anon-U.S. holder complies with certification procedures to establish that it is not a United States person. Copies of information returns that are filed with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which thenon-U.S. holder resides or is established. Anon-U.S. holder may be subject to backup withholding on payments on our common stock or on the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock unless it complies with certifications procedures to establish that it is not a United States person or otherwise establishes an exemption. These certification procedures will be satisfied by the certification procedures required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to anon-U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against thenon-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle thenon-U.S. holder to a refund, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.

FATCA Withholding Taxes

Provisions of the Code commonly referred to as “FATCA” require withholding of 30% on payments of dividends paid on our common stock, as well as of gross proceeds of dispositions occurring after December 31, 2018 of our common stock, to “foreign financial institutions” (which is broadly defined for this purpose and in general includes investment vehicles) and certain othernon-U.S. entities unless various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements (generally relating to ownership by U.S. persons of interests in or accounts with those entities) have been satisfied, or an exemption applies. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify these requirements. If FATCA

withholding is imposed, a

beneficial owner that is not a foreign financial institution generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld by filing a U.S. federal income tax return (which may entail significant administrative burden). Anon-U.S. holder should consult its tax advisor regarding the effects of FATCA on its investment in our common stock.

Federal Estate Tax

Individualnon-U.S. holders (as specifically defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) and entities the property of which is potentially includible in such an individual’s gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes (for example, a trust funded by such an individual and with respect to which the individual has retained certain interests or powers) should note that the common stock will be treated as U.S.-situs property subject to U.S. federal estate tax, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.

THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF UNITED STATES FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY. THIS DISCUSSION IS NOT TAX ADVICE. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL ANDNON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAWS.

UNDERWRITING

Goldman Sachs & Co., LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, and Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC are acting as joint book-running managers of the offering and as representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, and wethe selling stockholders have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the number of shares set forth opposite the underwriter’s name.

 

Underwriter

  Number
of Shares
 

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

  

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

  

Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated

  

BMO Capital Markets Corp.Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

  

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLCBMO Capital Markets Corp.

  

Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.

  

Jefferies LLC

  

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

  

Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated

  

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.

  

 

 

 

Total

   12,500,00010,000,000 
  

 

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the shares included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares (other than those covered by the option to purchase additional shares described below) if they purchase any of the shares.

Shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount from the initial public offering price not to exceed $        per share. If all the shares are not sold at the initialpublic offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to make sales to discretionary accounts. The offering of the shares by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part.

The selling stockholders have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to 1,875,0001,500,000 additional shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. To the extent that the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any shares issued or sold under the option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other shares that are the subject of this offering.

We have agreed that, for a period of 18090 days after the date of this prospectus, we will not, without the prior written consent of the Requisite Number of Representatives (as defined below) of the underwriters, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of our common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (ii) file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of our common stock or any

securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock,providedthat we must give each of the representatives notice substantially at the same time of any request to release or waive the restrictions

set forth in this paragraph. “Requisite Number of Representatives” means (i) all of the representatives during the10-day period starting on, and including, the date such notice is given by us (in the case of us making such a request) or one of the persons referred to in the immediately succeeding paragraph (in the case of any such person making a request) and (ii) twothree of the threefour representatives after completion of such10-day period. These restrictions will not apply to:

 

the shares to be sold in this offering;

 

the issuance by us of shares of our common stock upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date of this prospectus pursuant to an employee benefit plan in effect on the date of this prospectus and described in this prospectus;

 

the grant of options or the issuance of restricted shares of our common stock or any other securities by us to our employees, officers, directors, advisors or consultants pursuant to employee benefit plans in effect on the date of this prospectus and described in this prospectus, provided that each recipient of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock pursuant to this third bullet shall execute alock-up agreement substantially in the form provided by the underwriting agreement if he or she has not already delivered such alock-up agreement;

 

the filing by us of one or more registration statements with the SEC on FormS-8 in respect of any shares issued under, or the grant of any award pursuant to, an employee benefit plan described in this prospectus;

 

the sale or issuance of or entry into an agreement to sell or issue shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock in connection with any mergers, acquisition of securities, businesses, property or other assets, joint ventures, strategic alliances, or partnerships with experts or other talent to develop or provide products or services, provided that the aggregate number of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock (on anas-converted oras-exercised basis, as the case may be) that we may sell or issue pursuant to this fifth bullet shall not exceed 7.5% of the total number of shares of our common stock issued and outstanding immediately following the completion of this offering, and provided further that each recipient of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock pursuant to this fifth bullet shall execute alock-up agreement substantially in the form provided by the underwriting agreement; and

 

the establishment of a trading plan pursuant to Rule10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of shares of our common stock, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of our common stock during the 180-day lock-up180-daylock-up period described above and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by us regarding the establishment of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of our common stock may be made under such plan during the 180-day lock-up180-daylock-up period described above.

The selling stockholders and our executive officers and directors and substantially all of our other stockholders have agreed that, for a period of 18090 days after the date of this prospectus, they will not, without the prior written consent of the Requisite Number of Representatives of the underwriters, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock beneficially owned (as such term is used in Rule13d-3 of the Exchange Act), by such person or any other securities so owned convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of our common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise;provided that such person must

give each of the representatives notice substantially

at the same time of any request to release or waive the restrictions set forth in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the restrictions described in thelock-up agreement will not apply in certain circumstances, including:

 

sales or transfers relating to shares of our common stock in this offering;

 

transactions relating to shares of our common stock or other securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of this offering, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of our common stock or other securities acquired in such open market transactions;

 

transfers of shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock:

 

as a bona fide gift or gifts, including as a result of the operation of law or estate or intestate succession, or pursuant to a will or other testamentary document;

 

if such person is a natural person, to a member of the immediate family of such person;

 

if such person is a natural person, to any trust or other like entity for the direct or indirect benefit of such person or the immediate family of such person;

 

if such person is a natural person, to a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which such person and the immediate family of such person are the direct or indirect legal and beneficial owners of all the outstanding equity securities or similar interests of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity;

 

if such person is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, to any trust or other like entity for the direct or indirect benefit of such person or any affiliate, wholly-owned subsidiary, limited partner, member or stockholder of such person;

 

if such person is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by such person;

 

as a distribution to any affiliate, wholly-owned subsidiary, limited partner, member or stockholder of such person; or

 

to a nominee or custodian of a person or entity to whom a disposition or transfer would be permissible under the sevensub-bullets above;

provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant to thesub-bullets above of this third bullet, each donee, distributee or transferee agrees to be bound in writing by the terms of thelock-up agreement prior to such transfer and no filing by any party (donor, donee, transferor or transferee) under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act (other than a filing on Form 5 after the expiration of the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period) shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer;

 

the exercise of stock options or other similar awards granted pursuant to our equity incentive plans, provided that the foregoing restrictions shall apply to any of such person’s common stock issued upon such exercise;

 

the transfer of shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock from such person to us (or the purchase and cancellation of same by us) upon a vesting event of our securities or upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of common stock by such person, in each case on a “cashless” or “net exercise” basis, or to cover income or withholding and other tax obligations of such person in connection with such vesting or exercise, whether by means of a “net settlement” or otherwise, provided that the no filling be made under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act (other than a filing on Form 5 after the expiration of the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period) shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer;

the establishment of a trading plan pursuant to Rule10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of our common stock, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of our common stock during the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by or on behalf of such person or us regarding the establishment or modification of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of our common stock may be made under such plan during the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period;

 

  if such person is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity, the transfer of shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock in connection with the sale or other bona fide transfer in a single transaction of all or substantially all of such person’s capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests or other similar equity interests, as the case may be, or all or substantially all of such person’s assets, in any such case not undertaken for the purpose of avoiding the restrictions described herein,provided, that, each transferee shall execute alock-up agreement substantially in the form provided by the underwriting agreement;

 

the transfer of shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock that occurs by any order or settlement resulting from any legal proceeding pursuant to a qualified domestic order or in connection with a divorce settlement; provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant this clause, any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock shall state that such transfer is pursuant to an order of a court or a settlement resulting from a legal proceeding unless such a statement would be prohibited by any applicable law or order of a court; or

 

the transfer of shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock pursuant to a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or other similar transaction made to all holders of the shares of our common stock involving a change of control of us; provided that in the event that the tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the shares of common stock owned by such person shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in thelock-up agreement; and provided further that in the event that the tender offer, merger, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the shares of our common stock owned by such person shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in thelock-up agreement (for this purpose, “change of control” shall mean the transfer (whether by tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, to a person or group of affiliated persons, of shares of capital stock if, after such transfer, such person or group of affiliated persons would hold more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities (or the surviving entity)).; or

the pledge of 19.5 million shares of our common stock to Morgan Stanley as collateral or security pursuant to the Margin Loan Agreement dated as of May 22, 2017 among an entity controlled by AIP, Morgan Stanley, N.A. and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, and any transfer upon foreclosure upon such shares.

In addition, each such person has agreed that, without the prior written consent of the Requisite Number of Representatives of the underwriters, she or it will not, during the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period, make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock, unless any such demand or exercise of such right shall not result in any public announcement regarding the demand or exercise of such registration right, or the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith, prior to the expiration of the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period.

In the event that the Requisite Number of Representatives consent to a release relating to a prohibition on transfer under alock-up agreement entered into by funds associated with AIP or funds associated with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (each a “Major Holder”), the same percentage of the total number of outstanding shares of common stock held by the other Major Holder (the “Pro-Rata“Pro-Rata Release”) as the percentage of the total number of outstanding

shares of common stock held by such Major Holder that are the subject of such release shall be immediately and fully released on the same terms from any remaining prohibition on transfer set forth herein.

The provisions of this paragraph will not apply: (1) if the release or waiver is effected solely to permit a transfer not involving a disposition for value, (2) the transferee has agreed in writing to be bound by the same terms described in thislock-up letter to the extent and for the duration that such terms remain in effect at the time of the transfer, (3) releases granted from such lockup restrictions to any individual party by the Requisite Number of Representatives in an amount less than or equal to 5% of our total outstanding stock or (4) in the case of any primary or secondary public offering or sale that is underwritten of our common stock during the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period, provided, however, that the Major Holder is offered the opportunity to participate on a pro rata basis with and otherwise on the same terms as the other Major Holder in such underwritten sale. Prior to the expiration of the 180-day lock-up90-daylock-up period, in the event that, as a result of this paragraph, any Major Holder becomes entitled to offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of any common stock (or any securities convertible into common stock), the representatives shall use commercially reasonable efforts to provide notification of such to the relevant Major Holder within three business days thereof. The failure to give any such notice to us or such Major Holder shall not give rise to any claim or liability against us or the underwriters, including the representatives. Notwithstanding any other provisions described herein, if the Requisite Number of Representatives in their sole judgment determine that a Major Holder should be granted an early release from alock-up agreement due to circumstances of an emergency or hardship, then the other Major Holder shall not have any right to be granted an early release pursuant to the terms of this paragraph.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our shares. Consequently, the initial public offering price for the shares was determined by negotiations between us and the representatives. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price were our results of operations, our current financial condition, our future prospects, our markets, the economic conditions in and future prospects for the industry in which we compete, our management, and currently prevailing general conditions in the equity securities markets, including current market valuations of publicly traded companies considered comparable to our Company. We cannot assure you, however, that the price at which the shares will sell in the public market after this offering will not be lower than the initial public offering price or that an active trading market in our shares will develop and continue after this offering.

Our shares of common stock have been approved for listingare listed on the NYSE under the symbol “REVG,“REVG. subject to notice of official issuance.

The following table shows the underwriting discount that wethe selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock.

 

   Paid by the Company 
   No Exercise   Full Exercise 

Per share

  $               $             

Total

  $   $ 

We estimate that our portion of the total expenses of this offering other than the underwriting discounts referred to above, will be $2.1$        million. We have also agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain expenses, including up to an aggregate of $25,000 in connection with the clearance of this offering with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, as set forth in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for certain expenses incurred by us in connection with this offering upon closing of this offering.

Until the distribution of the shares is completed, SEC rules may limit underwriters and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing our common stock. However, the representatives may engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the common stock, such as bids or purchases to peg, fix or maintain that price.

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell our common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, purchases on the open market to cover positions created by

short sales and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering. “Covered” short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares described above. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the option granted to them. “Naked” short sales are sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open

market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of shares of common stock made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.

The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives have repurchased shares sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.

Similar to other purchase transactions, the underwriters’ purchases to cover the syndicate short sales may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the NYSE, in theover-the-counter market or otherwise.

Neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the representatives will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

Electronic Distribution

In connection with the offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses by electronic means, such ase-mail.

Conflicts of InterestOther Relationships

The underwriters are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their respective affiliates have in the past performed commercial banking, investment banking and advisory services for us from time to time for which they have received customary fees and reimbursement of expenses and may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans and/or credit default swaps) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC is the calculation agent, and its affiliate is the lender, under a margin loan agreement with an entity controlled by AIP. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Affiliates of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. act as administrative agent, collateral agent, a joint book-running manage, and a joint lead arranger under our ABL facility and affiliates of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and

BMO Capital Markets Corp. are lenders under our ABL Facility. Because a portion of the net proceeds from this offering will be used to repay a portion of loans outstanding under our ABL Facility as described under “Use of Proceeds,” affiliates of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and BMO Capital Markets Corp. will receive their respective pro rata portions of such net proceeds from this offering as lenders under our ABL Facility.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

Canada

The shares of our common stock may be sold in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument45-106 Prospectus

Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the shares of our common stock must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

European Economic Area

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), each underwriter has represented and agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the Relevant Implementation Date) it has not made and will not make an offer of shares to the public in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of shares to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:

(a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;

(b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts;

(c) to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or

(d) in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by the Company of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of shares to the public” in relation to any shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the shares, as the same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.

United Kingdom

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

(a) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of

the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the shares in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the Company; and

(b) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

Hong Kong

The shares may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

Singapore

This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares under Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; (2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (3) by operation of law.

Japan

The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law) and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others forre-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the issuance of our common stock offered in this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP. The underwriters are being represented by Latham & Watkins LLP.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015 and for each of the fiscal years ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, respectively, included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the reports of RSM US LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are required to file annual and quarterly reports and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C., 20549. Please call 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. Our filings will also be available to the public from commercial document retrieval services and at the web site maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. Our reports and other information that we have filed, or may in the future file, with the SEC are not incorporated by reference into and do not constitute part of this prospectus.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of our common stock offered hereby.by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes afiled as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith.thereto as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect toabout us and theour common stock, offered hereby, pleaseyou should refer to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in thisThis prospectus regardingsummarizes provisions that we consider material of certain contracts and other documents to which we refer you. Because the contentssummaries may not contain all of any contract or any other documentthe information that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference toyou may find important, you should review the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. A copy of the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed therewith may be inspected without charge at the public reference room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, and copies of all or any part of the registration statement may be obtained from such offices upon the payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address is www.sec.gov.

Upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, in accordance therewith, we will file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such periodic reports, proxy statements and other information will be available for inspection and copying at the public reference room and website of the SEC referred to above.those documents.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

   PAGE 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2 

Consolidated Audited Financial Statements:

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 29, 2016 and October  31, 2015

   F-3 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October  29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014

   F-4 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014

   F-5 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October  29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014

   F-6 

Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity and Contingently Redeemable Common Stock for years ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014

   F-7 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-8 

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

   F-39

Condensed Unaudited Financial Statements:

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets

F-40

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations

F-41

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

F-42

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

F-43

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity and Contingently Redeemable Common Stock

F-44

Notes to Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

F-45 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Milwaukee, Wisconsin

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and shareholders’ equity and contingently redeemable common stock for each of the three years ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015, and October 31, 2014. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule of REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015, and October 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

/s/ RSM US LLP

New York, New York

December 23, 2016, except for note 23, as to which the date is February 1, 2017

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

  October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
 

ASSETS

        

Current assets:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

  $10,821    $4,968    $10,821   $4,968 

Accounts receivable, net

   181,239     113,059     181,239    113,059 

Inventories, net

   325,633     246,962     325,633    246,962 

Deferred income taxes

   —       23,599     —     23,599 

Other current assets

   12,037     10,152     12,037    10,152 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total current assets

   529,730     398,740     529,730    398,740 

Property, plant and equipment, net

   146,422     89,145     146,422    89,145 

Goodwill

   84,507     82,825     84,507    82,825 

Intangibles assets, net

   124,040     118,903  

Intangible assets, net

   124,040    118,903 

Other long-term assets

   4,320     6,208     4,320    6,208 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total assets

  $889,019    $695,821    $889,019   $695,821 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        

Current liabilities:

        

Current maturities of notes payable, bank and other long-term debt

  $—      $236    $—    $236 

Accounts payable

   129,481     69,950     129,481    69,950 

Customer advances

   87,627     36,489     87,627    36,489 

Accrued warranty

   22,693     18,153     22,693    18,153 

Other current liabilities

   91,803     55,073     91,803    55,073 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total current liabilities

   331,604     179,901     331,604    179,901 

Notes payable, bank and other long-term debt, less current maturities

   256,040     212,394     256,040    212,394 

Deferred income taxes

   17,449     45,604     17,449    45,604 

Other long-term liabilities

   23,710     18,008     23,710    18,008 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total liabilities

   628,803     455,907     628,803    455,907 

Contingently redeemable common stock (20,097 and 25,803 shares outstanding, respectively)

   22,293     15,350  

Contingently redeemable common stock (1,607,760 and 2,064,240 shares outstanding, respectively)

   22,293    15,350 

Commitments and contingencies

        

Shareholders’ Equity:

        

Preferred stock ($.001 par value, 5,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding)

   —       —       —     —  

Common stock—Class A ($.001 par value, 575,000 shares authorized; 86,314 and 106,965 shares issued (excluding contingently redeemable common stock), 86,314 and 97,337 shares outstanding, respectively)

   —      —   

Common stock—Class B ($.001 par value, 540,000 shares authorized; 533,554 shares issued and outstanding)

   —      —   

Common stock—Class A ($.001 par value, 46,000,000 shares authorized; 6,905,120 and 8,557,200 shares issued (excluding contingently redeemable common stock), 6,930,720 and 7,786,960 shares outstanding, respectively)

   —     —  

Common stock—Class B ($.001 par value, 43,200,000 shares authorized; 42,684,320 shares issued and outstanding)

   —     —  

Additional paid-in capital

   206,229     204,624     206,229    204,624 

Retained earnings

   31,655     24,607     31,655    24,607 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

   39     (26   39    (26

Common stock in treasury, at cost (0 and 9,628 shares, respectively)

   —       (4,641

Common stock in treasury, at cost (0 and 770,240 shares, respectively)

   —     (4,641
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

   237,923     224,564     237,923    224,564 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  $889,019    $695,821    $889,019   $695,821 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

  Fiscal Year Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
  October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Net sales

  $1,925,999    $1,735,081    $1,721,116    $1,925,999   $1,735,081   $1,721,116 

Cost of sales

   1,696,068     1,553,127     1,557,877     1,696,068    1,553,127    1,557,877 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Gross profit

   229,931     181,954     163,239     229,931    181,954    163,239 

Operating expenses:

            

Selling, general and administrative

   139,771     102,309     111,820     139,771    102,309    111,820 

Research and development costs

   4,815     5,106     8,275     4,815    5,106    8,275 

Restructuring

   3,521     3,869     3,376     3,521    3,869    3,376 

Amortization of intangible assets

   9,423     8,586     8,790     9,423    8,586    8,790 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total operating expenses

   157,530     119,870     132,261     157,530    119,870    132,261 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Operating income

   72,401     62,084     30,978     72,401    62,084    30,978 

Interest expense

   29,158     27,272     26,195     29,158    27,272    26,195 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   43,243     34,812     4,783     43,243    34,812    4,783 

Provision for income taxes

   13,050     11,935     3,295     13,050    11,935    3,295 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Net income

  $30,193    $22,877    $1,488    $30,193   $22,877   $1,488 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Earnings per common share:

            

Basic

  $46.82    $34.69    $2.26    $0.59   $0.43   $0.03 

Diluted

  $46.65    $34.65    $2.25    $0.58   $0.43   $0.03 

Pro Forma earnings per common share (unaudited)–See Note 23:

      

Basic

  $0.59    $0.43    $0.03  

Diluted

  $0.58    $0.43    $0.03  

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in thousands)

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
 

Net income

  $30,193   $22,877  $1,488 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

   65    (120  80 
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

  $30,258   $22,757  $1,568 
  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
  October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

    

Net income

  $30,193  $22,877  $1,488 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

   24,593   19,084   18,901 

Amortization of debt issuance costs

   2,713   2,330   2,540 

Amortization of senior note discount

   249   217   235 

Stock-based compensation expense

   19,692   3,237   859 

Deferred income taxes

   (3,661  (5,325  (325

(Gain) loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   (342  28   (1,819

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable, net

   (52,428  7,518   (38,190

Inventories, net

   (8,054  (2,795  18,754 

Other current assets

   (691  (3,553  4,742 

Accounts payable

   44,805   (15,831  284 

Accrued warranty

   (4,001  (5,863  (691

Customer advances

   2,855   5,218   (366

Other liabilities

   18,667   (1,395  (1,167

Long-term assets

   980   (108  684 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

   75,570   25,639   5,929 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

   (48,542  (15,430  (12,067

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

   2,274   —    4,290 

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired

   (31,727  —    (5,043

Acquisition of Ancira assets

   (6,435  —    —  

Other

   —    (187  —  
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   (84,430  (15,617  (12,820
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Net proceeds (payments) from borrowings under revolving credit facility

   61,777   (13,705  1,929 

Repayment of debt assumed from acquisition

   (3,698  —    —  

Payment of debt issuance costs

   (1,085  —    —  

Dividends paid on subsidiary preferred shares upon cancellation

   —    (186  —  

Repayment of long-term debt and capital leases

   (20,536  (269  (353

Net proceeds from the issuance of common stock

   —    2,000   2,855 

Redemption of common stock and stock options

   (21,745  (5,461  (3,125

Payments received on stock subscription receivable

   —    48   79 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

   14,713   (17,573  1,385 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   5,853   (7,551  (5,506

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

   4,968   12,519   18,025 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

  $10,821  $4,968  $12,519 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

    

Cash paid for:

    

Interest

  $25,789  $24,638  $15,636 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income taxes, net of refunds

  $5,845  $18,390  $(906
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity and Contingently Redeemable Common Stock

(Dollars in thousands)

Fiscal Years Ended October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and 2014

 

 Common Stock - Class A Common Stock - Class B                Contingently Redeemable
Common Stock
  Common Stock - Class A Common Stock - Class B                Contingently Redeemable
Common Stock
 
 Amount Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Amount Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Additional
Paid-in Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
income (loss)
 Common
Share
Subscription
Receivable
 Common Stock
in Treasury
 Total
Equity
    Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Amount  Amount Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Amount Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Additional
Paid-in Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
income (loss)
 Common
Share
Subscription
Receivable
 Common Stock
in Treasury
 Total
Equity
    Number of
Shares
Outstanding
 Amount 

Balance, October 31, 2013

 $—     86,937   $—     533,554   $194,563   $8,878   $14   $(127 $(725 $202,603     39,811   $13,894   $—   6,954,960  $—   42,684,320  $194,563  $8,878  $14  $(127 $(725 $202,603    3,184,880  $13,894 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Net income

  —      —      —      —      —     1,488    —      —      —     1,488      —      —      —    —    —    —    —   1,488   —    —    —   1,488     —    —  

Other comprehensive income

  —      —      —      —      —      —     80    —      —     80      —      —      —    —    —    —    —    —   80   —    —   80     —    —  

Stock-based compensation expense

  —      —      —      —     643    —      —      —      —     643      —      —      —    —    —    —   643   —    —    —    —   643     —    —  

Redemption of common shares

  —     (8,213  —      —      —      —      —      —     (3,125 (3,125    —      —      —   (657,040  —    —    —    —    —    —   (3,125 (3,125    —    —  

Payments received on share subscription receivable

  —      —      —      —      —      —      —     79    —     79      —      —      —    —    —    —    —    —    —   79   —   79     —    —  

Change in value of contingently redeemable common stock

  —      —      —      —      —     (2,024  —      —      —     (2,024    —     2,024    —    —    —    —    —   (2,024  —    —    —   (2,024    —   2,024 

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to permanent equity

  —     8,694    —      —     3,355    —      —      —      —     3,355     (8,694 (3,355  —   695,520   —    —   3,355   —    —    —    —   3,355    (695,520 (3,355

Issuance of contingently redeemable common stock

  —      —      —      —     (1,093  —      —      —     1,093    —       7,215   2,855    —    —    —    —   (1,093  —    —    —   1,093   —     577,200  2,855 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2014

 $—     87,418   $—     533,554   $197,468   $8,342   $94   $(48 $(2,757 $203,099     38,332   $15,418   $—   6,993,440  $—   42,684,320  $197,468  $8,342  $94  $(48 $(2,757 $203,099    3,066,560  $15,418 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Net income

  —      —      —      —      —     22,877    —      —      —     22,877      —      —      —    —    —    —    —   22,877   —    —    —   22,877     —    —  

Other comprehensive loss

  —      —      —      —      —      —     (120  —      —     (120    —      —      —    —    —    —    —    —   (120  —    —   (120    —    —  

Stock-based compensation expense

  —      —      —      —     828    —      —      —      —     828      —      —      —    —    —    —   828   —    —    —    —   828     —    —  

Redemption of common shares

  —     (7,489  —      —     (269  —      —      —     (3,781 (4,050    —      —      —   (599,120  —    —   (269  —    —    —   (3,781 (4,050    —    —  

Dividends paid on subsidiary preferred shares upon cancellation

  —      —      —      —      —     (186  —      —      —     (186    —      —      —    —    —    —    —   (186  —    —    —   (186    —    —  

Payments received on share subscription receivable

  —      —      —      —      —      —      —     48    —     48      —      —      —    —    —    —    —    —    —   48   —   48     —    —  

Change in value of contingently redeemable common stock

  —      —      —      —      —     (6,426  —      —      —     (6,426    —     6,426    —    —    —    —    —   (6,426  —    —    —   (6,426    —   6,426 

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to permanent equity

  —     17,408    —      —     8,494    —      —      —      —     8,494     (17,408 (8,494  —��  1,392,640   —    —   8,494   —    —    —    —   8,494    (1,392,640 (8,494

Issuance of contingently redeemable common stock

  —      —      —      —     (1,897  —      —      —     1,897    —       4,879   2,000    —    —    —    —   (1,897  —    —    —   1,897   —     390,320  2,000 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2015

 $—     97,337   $—     533,554   $204,624   $24,607   $(26 $—     $(4,641 $224,564     25,803   $15,350   $—   7,786,960  $—   42,684,320  $204,624  $24,607  $(26 $—   $(4,641 $224,564    2,064,240  $15,350 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Net income

  —      —      —      —      —     30,193    —      —      —     30,193      —      —      —    —    —    —    —   30,193   —    —    —   30,193     —    —  

Other comprehensive income

  —      —      —      —      —      —     65    —      —     65      —      —      —    —    —    —    —    —   65   —    —   65     —    —  

Stock-based compensation expense

  —      —      —      —     1,445    —      —      —      —     1,445      —      —      —    —    —    —   1,445   —    —    —    —   1,445     —    —  

Redemption of common shares

  —     (16,729  —      —     (717  —      —      —     (10,684 (11,401    —      —      —   (1,312,720  —    —   (717  —    —    —   (10,684 (11,401    —    —  

Retirement of treasury stock

  —      —      —      —     (2,896 (12,429  —      —     15,325   —        —      —      —    —    —    —   (2,896 (12,429  —    —   15,325   —      —    —  

Change in value of contingently redeemable common stock

  —      —      —      —      —     (10,716  —      —      —     (10,716    —     10,716    —    —    —    —    —   (10,716  —    —    —   (10,716    —   10,716 

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to permanent equity

  —     5,706    —      —     3,773    —      —      —      —     3,773     (5,706 (3,773  —   456,480   —    —   3,773   —    —    —    —   3,773    (456,480 (3,773
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

Balance, October 29, 2016

 $—     86,314   $—     533,554   $206,229   $31,655   $39   $—     $—     $237,923     20,097   $22,293   $—   6,930,720  $—   42,684,320  $206,229  $31,655  $39  $—   $—   $237,923    1,607,760  $22,293 
 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

    

 

  

 

 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 1. Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

REV Group, Inc. (formerly Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc.) is one of North America’s leading manufacturers of specialty vehicles serving three market segments: Fire & Emergency, Commercial, and Recreation. The Company’s Fire & Emergency business is conducted through its wholly owned subsidiaries Halcore Group, Inc., Wheeled Coach Industries, Inc., E-ONE, Inc. and Kovatch Mobile Equipment Corp. The Company’s Commercial business is conducted through its wholly owned subsidiaries Collins Bus Corporation, Capacity of Texas Inc., Mobile Products, Inc., Champion Bus, Inc., General Coach America, Inc., Goshen Coach, Inc., ElDorado National (California), Inc. and ElDorado National Kansas, Inc. The Company’s Recreation vehicle business is conducted through its wholly owned subsidiaries REV Recreation Group, Inc. and Goldshield Fiberglass, Inc. Effective November 1, 2015, Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. changed its name to REV Group, Inc. (collectively, the “Company” or “REV”).

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of REV and all of its subsidiaries and are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Fiscal Year: All references to “fiscal year 2016” relate to the year ended October 29, 2016. All references to “fiscal year 2015” relate to the year ended October 31, 2015. All references to “fiscal year 2014” relate to the year ended October 31, 2014. Each fiscal year is divided into four 13-week fiscal quarters. Each fiscal quarter is grouped into two 4-week monthly reporting periods and one 5-week monthly reporting period, although quarters may occasionally consist of “4-5-5” or “4-4-6” monthly periods, depending on the calendar and the additional week in a 53-week fiscal year. During fiscal year 2016 the Company changed the day of its fiscal year end from October 31 of each year to the last Saturday in October of each year going forward.

Reclassifications: The Company has reclassified certain prior year amounts to conform to the current period for reporting purposes. The Company reclassified $3,772 of tax indemnification assets from other current assets to other long-term assets as of October 31, 2015.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Management reviews its estimates on an ongoing basis, including those related to allowances for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventories, self-insurance reserves, purchase accounting estimates, useful lives for depreciation and amortization of property and equipment, warranty accrual, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets, valuation of contingently redeemable common stock and litigation based on currently available information.

Business Combinations: The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the acquired business based on their estimated fair values. Any excess of consideration transferred is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired exceeds the purchase price, a gain on bargain purchase is recorded in current operations. The results of operations of the acquired businesses are included in the Company’s operating results from the dates of acquisition.

Assets acquired and liabilities assumed generally include tangible and intangible assets, and contingent assets and liabilities. When available, the estimated fair values of these assets and liabilities are determined based on observable inputs such as quoted market prices, information from comparable transactions, and the replacement cost of assets in the same condition or stage of usefulness (Level 1 and 2). If observable inputs are not available,

unobservable inputs are used such as expected future cash flows or internally developed estimates of value (Level 3).

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consisted principally of bank deposits and overnight sweep accounts. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions and limits the amount of credit exposure with any one institution.

Deposits held with financial institutions may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. These deposits may be redeemed upon demand, and are maintained with major financial institutions within the United States. Credit ratings of these financial institutions are monitored by management to mitigate risk of loss. At October 29, 2016, the Company had $9,763 of uninsured cash balances in excess of Federal Depository Insurance Company limits.

Accounts Receivable: Accounts Receivable consist of amounts billed and due from customers. The Company extends credit to customers in the normal course of business and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts resulting from the inability or unwillingness of customers to make required payments. Management determines the allowance for doubtful accounts by evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customer’s financial condition, credit history, the age of accounts receivable and current economic conditions.

The Company establishes a reserve for specific accounts receivable that are believed to be uncollectible, as well as an estimate of uncollectible receivables not specifically known. Historical trends and the Company’s current knowledge of potential collection problems provide the Company with sufficient information to establish a reasonable estimate for an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts Receivable in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015 are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,623 and $768, respectively. Receivables are written off when management determines collection is highly unlikely and collection efforts have ceased. The change in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Beginning balance

  $768   $795   $564 

Net recorded expense

   1,075    620    850 

Write-offs, net of recoveries/payments

   (220   (647   (619
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance

  $1,623   $768   $795 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of accounts receivable. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion within North America. However, a majority amount of receivables is with dealers and municipalities in the United States. The Company continuously monitors credit risk associated with its receivables. The Company’s top five customers combined accounted for approximately 15%, 14% and 15% of its net sales for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of aggregate cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. If inventory costs exceed expected market value due to obsolescence or quantities on hand are in excess of expected demand, the Company records reserves for the difference between the cost and the expected market value. These reserves are recorded based on various factors, including recent sales history and sales forecasts, industry market conditions, vehicle model changes and general economic conditions.

Property, Plant and Equipment: Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, except when acquired in a business combination where property, plant and equipment are recorded at fair value. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is recognized over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets using the straight-line method. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

 

   Years 

Buildings, related improvements and land improvements

   5-39 

Machinery and equipment

   3-15 

Office, furniture and other

   3-15 

Expenditures that extend the useful life of existing property, plant and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the related asset. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. When property, plant and equipment are retired or sold, the cost and related accumulated depreciation is removed from the Company’s balance sheet, with any gain or loss reflected in operations. Accumulated depreciation on capitalized lease assets is included in property, plant and equipment.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets: The Company accounts for business combinations by estimating the fair value of consideration paid for acquired businesses, including contingent consideration, and assigning that amount to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the remainder assigned to goodwill. If the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the fair value of consideration paid, a gain on bargain purchase is recognized. The estimates of fair values are determined utilizing customary valuation procedures and techniques, which require us, among other things, to estimate future cash flows and discount rates. Such analyses involve significant judgments and estimations.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, consisting of trade names, are not amortized, however, the Company reviews goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicates that its carrying amount may not exceed its fair value. The annual impairment review is performed as of the first day of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year based upon information and estimates available at that time. To perform the impairment testing, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair values of the Company’s reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their carrying amounts as a basis for determining whether or not to perform the quantitative impairment test. The Company then estimates the fair value of each reporting unit and each indefinite-lived intangible asset not meeting the qualitative criteria and compares their fair values to their carrying values.

The fair value of each reporting unit of the Company is determined by using the income approach and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. The income approach involves discounting management’s projections of future cash flows and a terminal value discounted at a discount rate which approximates the Company’s weighted-average cost of capital (“WACC”). Key assumptions used in the income approach include future sales growth, gross margin and operating expenses trends, depreciation expense, taxes, capital expenditures and changes in working capital. Projected future cash flows are based on income forecasts and management’s knowledge of the current operating environment and expectations for the future. The WACC incorporates equity and debt return rates observed in the market for a group of comparable public companies in the industry, and is determined using an average debt to equity ratio of selected comparable public companies, and is also adjusted for risk premiums and the Company’s capital structure. The terminal value is based upon the projected cash flow for the final projected year, and is calculated using estimates of growth of the net cash flows based on the Company’s estimate of stable growth for each financial reporting unit. The inputs and assumptions used in the determination of fair value are considered Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy.

If the fair value of any reporting unit, as calculated using the income approach, is less than its carrying value, the fair value of the implied goodwill is calculated as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit and

the fair value of the underlying assets and liabilities, excluding goodwill. An impairment charge is recorded for any excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the implied fair value for each reporting unit.

When determining the fair value of indefinite-lived trade names, the Company uses the relief from royalty method which requires the determination of fair value based on if the Company was licensing the right to the trade name in exchange for a royalty fee. The Company utilizes the income approach to determine future revenues to which to apply a royalty rate. The royalty rate is based on research of industry and market data related to transactions involving the licensing of comparable intangible assets. In considering the value of trade names, the Company looks to relative age, consistent use, quality, expansion possibilities, relative profitability and relative market potential.

As a result of the annual Company’s impairment test on goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, it was concluded that there is no impairment of such assets for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014.

Long-Lived Assets Including Definite-Lived Intangible Assets: Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with definite lives are reviewed for potential impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparison of the carrying value of such assets to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by such assets. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment provision is recognized to the extent that the undiscounted future cash flows exceed the carrying amount of the asset. The Company considers factors such as historic or forecasted operating results, trends and future prospects, current market value, significant industry trends and other economic and regulatory factors in performing these analyses. Using different assumptions could result in a change in the Company’s estimates of cash flows and those differences could produce materially different results.

Debt Issuance Costs: Debt issuance costs are amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the underlying debt using the effective interest method. These costs include bank commitment fees, legal and consulting costs, appraisals, title surveys, etc. Debt issuance costs of $3,505 and $5,426 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively, related to the Company’s senior secured notes are reported as a direct reduction of the related debt instrument in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Debt issuance costs of $2,422 and $2,130 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively, related to the Company’s ABL are reported in other long-term assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Self-Insurance: Generally, the Company self-insures for a portion of product liability claims, workers’ compensation and employee medical coverage. Under these plans, liabilities are recognized for claims incurred, including an estimate for those incurred but not reported. The Company determines the liability for claims with the assistance of a third party administrator and actuary using various state statutes and historical claims experience. The Company has a self-insured retention (“SIR”) for product liability which varies annually based on market conditions. As of October 29, 2016 the SIR was at $500 per occurrence including defense expenses. The Company maintains liability insurance in excess of the SIR with outside insurance carriers to manage its risks related to catastrophic claims in excess of its self-insured positions for product liability and personal injury matters.

For employee medical coverage, annual claims of up to $275 per member are the risk of the company. Paid claims during the calendar year greater than $275 for any member are covered under a stop-loss policy with a commercial insurance carrier. Health expenses were $27,807, $23,744 and $21,669 during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Accrued health benefit liability was $4,739 and $3,899 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively, and is included as a component of payroll and related benefits and taxes in other current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company is insured for workers’ compensation claims under both state and private insurance plans. The Company’s product liability and workers’ compensation accruals including residual claims under previous years SIR programs are also included within

other current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Accrued workers’ compensation claims totaled $962 and $970 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

Income Taxes: Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the income tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities using currently enacted

tax rates and laws. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount ultimately expected to be realized. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible for income tax purposes. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax-planning strategies in making this assessment.

The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various possible outcomes. The Company evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis or when new information becomes available to management. The evaluations are based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, successfully settled issues under audit and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an increase to the related provision. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, was $2,895 and $4,202 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

The Company classifies accrued interest and penalties related to income tax liabilities in the provision for income taxes in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Liabilities for income taxes payable, accrued interest and penalties that are due within one year of the balance sheet date are included in other current liabilities.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share: Basic earnings per share represents net income divided by basic weighted-average number of common shares, including contingently redeemable shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share represents net income divided by diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding also include the dilutive effect of additional potential common shares issuable from stock options and are determined using the treasury stock method.

Comprehensive Income: Comprehensive income includes all changes in equity during a period except those that resulted from investments by or distributions to the Company’s shareholders. Other comprehensive income or loss refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are included in comprehensive income, but excluded from net income as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity.

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2014   Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2014 
  Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
   Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
 

Balance at October 31, 2013

  $(41  $55    $14    $(41  $55   $14 

Changes

   56     24     80     56    24    80 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Balance at October 31, 2014

  $15    $79    $94    $15   $79   $94 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

  Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2015   Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2015 
  Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
   Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
 

Balance at October 31, 2014

  $15    $79    $94    $15   $79   $94 

Changes

   43     (163   (120   43    (163   (120
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Balance at October 31, 2015

  $58    $(84  $(26  $58   $(84  $(26
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

  Fiscal Year Ended October 29, 2016   Fiscal Year Ended October 29, 2016 
  Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
   Increase / (Decrease) in
Fair Value of
Derivatives
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income/(Loss)
 

Balance at October 31, 2015

  $58    $(84  $(26  $58   $(84  $(26

Changes

   (78   143     65     (78   143    65 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Balance at October 29, 2016

  $(20  $59    $39    $(20  $59   $39 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes revenue for sales of vehicles when contract terms are met, collectability is reasonably assured and a product is shipped or risk of ownership has been transferred to and accepted by the customer. In certain instances, risk of ownership and title passes when the product has been completed in accordance with purchase order specifications and has been tendered for delivery to the customer. Periodically, certain customers request bill and hold transactions. In those cases, revenue recognition occurs after the customer has been notified that the products have been completed according to the customer specifications, have passed all of the Company’s quality control inspections, and are ready for delivery.

Revenues from the sale of parts and the Company’s Goldshield Fiberglass businesses are recognized when title to products and the risk of loss are transferred to the customer, which is generally upon shipment. Revenue from service agreements is recognized as earned when services are rendered.

Intercompany sales are eliminated upon consolidation.

Provisions are made for discounts, returns and sales allowances based on management’s best estimate and the historical experience of each business unit. Sales are recorded net of amounts invoiced for taxes imposed on the customer, such as excise or value-added taxes.

Customer advances include amounts received in advance of the completion of vehicles or in advance of services being rendered. Such customer advances are recorded as current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets until the vehicle is shipped or the service rendered.

Warranty: Provisions for estimated warranty and other related costs are recorded in cost of sales and are periodically adjusted to reflect actual experience. The amount of accrued warranty liability reflects management’s estimate of the expected future cost of settling the Company’s obligations under its warranty programs. The costs of fulfilling the Company’s warranty obligations primarily consist of replacement parts, labor and sometimes travel for any field retrofit or recall campaigns. The Company’s estimates are based on historical warranty expenditures, length of the warranty obligations for units sold, and the number of units under warranty. If a warranty cost is incurred due to a defect in a purchased material, the Company will seek reimbursement from the vendor to the fullest extent possible. The Company reviews warranty claims experience to determine if there are defects affecting numerous vehicles that would require a field retrofit or recall campaign.

Advertising Costs: Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Advertising costs totaled $4,118, $3,623 and $3,133 for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Research and Development Costs: Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and included as part of operating expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Research and development costs totaled $4,815, $5,106 and $8,275 for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Fair Value Measurements: The Company’s financial instruments not required to be adjusted to fair value on a recurring basis consist principally of cash, receivables, long-term debt and accounts payable. The Company believes cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable are recorded at amounts that approximate their current market values based on their short-term nature.

Foreign currency forward contracts held or issued by the Company for risk management purposes are traded in over-the counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available. For these derivatives, the Company measures fair value using the foreign currency spot rate at the reporting period compared to the contractual rate.

The estimated carrying and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments recognized and measured at fair value, which consist of foreign currency forward contracts and considered Level 2 inputs, are $89 and $0 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

The Company determines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unrelated market participants at the measurement date. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs (Levels 1 and 2) and minimize the use of unobservable inputs (Level 3) within the fair value hierarchy established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The Company applies a “market approach” or an “income approach” to determine fair value. The market approach method uses pricing and other information generated by market transactions for identical or comparable assets and liabilities. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded or disclosed at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and credit risk. In the absence of significant market based inputs, the Company will use an “income approach” to estimate the fair value of the asset. This approach is based on the principle that the present value of the expected income that can be generated from the ownership of the asset approximates its fair value. This approach generally includes management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use to price the asset or liability including, projected income, a time period over which that income can be earned and an estimate of risk-adjusted discount and capitalization rates. Assets and liabilities are classified within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level (least observable) input that is significant to the measurement in its entirety. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3.

Based on recent open market transactions of the Company’s Senior Secured Notes, the fair value is approximately $185,850 and $209,100 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. The fair value of the Company’s outstanding borrowings on its ABL Facility approximates book value.

For illustrative purposes, the levels within the FASB fair value hierarchy are as follows:

 

Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets that are unadjusted and accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or financial instruments for which significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly;
Level 3 Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable, including the company’s own assumptions in determining fair value.

The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements, consisting of derivative financial instruments and contingently redeemable common stock (discussed in Note 14, Contingently Redeemable Common Stock), which are valued based upon Level 3 inputs. The Company applies fair value accounting to its non-financial assets and liabilities, which consists principally of indefinite lived intangible assets (for purposes of the Company’s annual impairment test).

Change in the fair value of recurring fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the fiscal years 2016 and 2015 were as follows:

 

  Contingently Redeemable
Common Stock
   Contingently Redeemable
Common Stock
 

Balance at October 31, 2014

  $15,418    $15,418 

Change in fair value

   6,426     6,426 

Issuance of contingently redeemable common stock

   2,000     2,000 

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to permanent equity

   (8,494   (8,494
  

 

   

 

 

Balance at October 31, 2015

   15,350     15,350 

Change in fair value

   10,716     10,716 

Issuance of contingently redeemable common stock

   —       —  

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock to permanent equity

   (3,773   (3,773
  

 

   

 

 

Balance at October 29, 2016

  $22,293    $22,293 

Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company recognizes all derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange contracts, in the consolidated financial statements at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding the instrument. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are either recognized periodically in income or in shareholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income or loss depending on whether the derivative financial instrument qualifies for hedge accounting, and if so, whether it qualifies as a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge. Generally, changes in fair values of derivatives accounted for as fair value hedges are recorded in income along with the portions of the changes in the fair values of the hedged items that relate to the hedged risks. Changes in fair values of derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are effective as hedges, are recorded in other comprehensive income or loss, net of deferred income taxes. Changes in fair value of derivatives not qualifying as hedges are reported in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Cash flows from derivatives that are accounted for as cash flow or fair value hedges are included in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows in the same category as the item being hedged.

Derivative financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged, both at inception and throughout the hedged period, which management evaluates periodically. The effective portion of gains and losses is deferred as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As a matter of policy, the Company only enters into transactions which it believes will be highly effective at offsetting the underlying risk, and it does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

Stock-Based Compensation: Stock compensation expense is recorded over the term of the associated stock option grants, which is generally up to 10 years from the grant date, and is measured based upon the estimation of the fair value of all stock option awards on the grant date by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model (the “Black-Scholes Model”). The application of the Black-Scholes Model requires the Company to make certain assumptions such as the fair value of common stock on the grant date, forfeitures of option grants and the rate of dividend payments on common stock. Other assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes Model include volatility of the share price of select peer public companies and the risk free rate.

The fair value of the Company’s common stock is calculated by determining enterprise value by applying an earnings multiple to the Adjusted EBITDA over the previous 12 months, and deducting outstanding debt, then dividing by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. The assumption for forfeitures is based upon historical experience. As the Company has not historically paid dividends on its common stock, a 0% dividend rate has been assumed for all outstanding stock options.

As of October 29, 2016, as a result of the Company’s filing of a Form S-1 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company was considered a public entity, and as such, recognized the liability share awards at fair value in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Changes in fair value of liability share awards are recorded as stock compensation expense.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions: All balance sheet amounts denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar have been translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income statement amounts have been translated using the average exchange rate during the period in which the transactions occurred. Resulting translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in selling, general and administrative expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded net foreign currency transaction losses of $90, $18 and $283 during fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Subsequent Events: Except for the unaudited pro forma earnings per share information described in Note 23, which has been evaluated through January 9, 2017, the Company evaluated subsequent events through December 23, 2016, the date on which the financial statements were available to be issued.

New Accounting Pronouncements: In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)(“ASU 2014-09”), which specifies how and when to recognize revenue as well as providing informative, relevant disclosures. ASU 2014-09 will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 (the Company’s fiscal year 2019) and interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03,Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (“ASU 2015-03”), which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. ASU 2015-03 will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 (the Company’s fiscal year 2017). The Company adopted ASU 2015-03 effective October 31, 2015 on a retrospective basis. Accordingly, $3,505 and $5,426 of debt issuance costs, previously included within other long-term assets, have been reclassified as a reduction of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11,Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (Topic 330)(“ASU 2015-11”), which requires inventory measured using any method other than last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) or the retail inventory method to be subsequently measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value, rather than at the lower of cost or market. ASU 2015-11 will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 (the Company’s fiscal year 2018) and interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company believes the adoption of ASU 2015-11 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16,BusinessCombinations (Topic805)Business Combinations (Topic 805)Simplifying theAccountingforMeasurement-PeriodAdjustmentsSimplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments(“ASU 2015-16”). ASU 2015-16 requires that an acquirer in a business combination recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined, rather than as retrospective adjustments. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2015-16 should be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after the effective date of ASU 2015-16 with earlier application permitted for financial

statements that have not been issued. The Company believes the adoption of ASU 2015-16 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17,Income Taxes,BalanceTaxes, Balance Sheet ClassificationClassification ofDeferredTaxes Taxes(“ASU 2015-17”), which simplifies the balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. ASU 2015-17

requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in the classified balance sheet, rather than separating such deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts, as is required under current guidance. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 with early adoption permitted, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company prospectively adopted ASU 2015-17 in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016 and therefore prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02,LeasesLeases(Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). The amendments in this update require, among other things, that lessees recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of leases with a duration of less than 12 months) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-to-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Lessees and lessors must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2016-02 in the first quarter of 2019 and is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-02 to its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Acquisitions

Kovatch Mobile Equipment Acquisition

On April 22, 2016, the Company acquired certain real estate assets and 100% of the common shares of Kovatch Mobile Equipment Corp. (“KME” and the “KME Acquisition”). KME produces a broad portfolio of customized specialty fire apparatus vehicles, and markets them to fire-rescue, military, aviation, and industrial customers globally. The KME Acquisition strengthens the Company’s share in the emergency vehicle market by expanding the Company’s product portfolio into segments of the fire apparatus market, which have not been previously served by the Company’s existing businesses and compliments the Company’s existing product portfolio. The purchase price for KME was $39,602 ($30,112 net of $9,490 cash acquired) and a subsequent $511 adjustment paid to the Company based on the level of net working capital and debt at closing. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. KME is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment. The preliminary purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $1,314, which is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The acquisition of KME has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. Fair value measurements have been applied based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing of the asset or liability. The accounting for this transaction is preliminary and subject to potential adjustments, no later than one year from the date of acquisition.

As of October 29, 2016, the Company had not completed its final assessment of the value of liabilities for environmental, workers compensation and warranty liabilities which existed as of the date of acquisition. Adjustments which may result from the completion of this assessment may result in a change in the value of deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for KME:

 

Assets:

  

Cash

  $9,490 

Receivables, net

   12,617 

Inventories, net

   67,899 

Deferred income taxes

   6,233 

Other current assets

   1,580 

Property, plant and equipment

   15,332 

Intangible assets, net

   10,950 

Other long-term assets

   39 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   124,140 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   13,834 

Customer advances

   43,438 

Accrued warranty

   14,357 

Deferred income taxes

   5,977 

Other current liabilities

   8,246 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   85,852 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   38,288 

Consideration Paid

   39,602 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $1,314 
  

 

 

 

Intangible assets acquired as a result of the KME Acquisition are as follows:

 

Customer relationships (9 year life)

  $8,550 

Trade names (indefinite life)

   2,400 
  

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

  $10,950 
  

 

 

 

Net sales and operating loss for the fiscal 2016 attributable to the KME acquisition were $97,197 and ($475), respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information in this report as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2014, since the KME Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Hall-Mark Fire Apparatus Acquisition

On November 20, 2015, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Hall-Mark Fire Apparatus Inc. (“Hall-Mark”, the “Hall-Mark Acquisition”). The Hall-Mark acquisition provides the Company with the opportunity to expand its parts and service offerings to its customers. The purchase price was $3,000 in cash with $2,000 paid at closing and $1,000 payable in quarterly installments over the next five years. Additionally, the Company assumed $3,698 of Hall-Mark’s debt, offset by $385 of cash acquired. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. Hall-Mark is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment. The purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $368, which is deductible for income tax purposes.

The Hall-Mark Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase

price recorded as goodwill. Fair value measurements have been applied based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing of the asset or liability.

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Hall-Mark:

 

Assets:

  

Cash

  $385  

Accounts receivable

   3,135  

Inventories

   2,718  

Prepaids & other assets

   3,493  

Property, plant and equipment

   191  

Trade names

   870  

Customer relationships

   750  

Order backlog

   220  

Non-compete Agreements

   530  
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   12,292  

Liabilities

  

Accounts payable

   891  

Other current liabilities

   226  

Customer deposits

   4,845  

Debt

   3,698  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   9,660  
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   2,632  

Consideration Paid

   3,000  
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $368  
  

 

 

 

Assets:

  

Cash

  $385 

Accounts receivable

   3,135 

Inventories

   2,718 

Prepaids & other assets

   3,493 

Property, plant and equipment

   191 

Trade names

   870 

Customer relationships

   750 

Order backlog

   220 

Non-compete Agreements

   530 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   12,292 

Liabilities

  

Accounts payable

   891 

Other current liabilities

   226 

Customer deposits

   4,845 

Debt

   3,698 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   9,660 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   2,632 

Consideration Paid

   3,000 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $368 
  

 

 

 

The Hall-Mark trade names will be amortized over five years, customer lists will be amortized over nine years, non-compete agreements will be amortized over six years and the order backlog is being amortized over aone-year period.

Net sales and operating income for fiscal 2016 attributable to the Hall-Mark acquisition were $38,290 and $345, respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2014, since the Hall-Mark Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Ancira Acquisition

On December 14, 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire the land, building, and inventory of a recreational vehicle dealer in Texas (“Ancira”, “Ancira Acquisition”). The purchase price for the Ancira Acquisition was $19,976.

As the Company did not acquire any business processes, namely the dealer license from this dealer, the Ancira Acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition, and accordingly, the total purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired based on their relative fair value. No intangible assets were acquired or recognized as a result of the Ancira Acquisition.

The following table summarizes the allocated cost of the assets acquired in the Ancira Acquisition:

 

Inventory

  $13,541    $13,541 

Land & land improvements

   1,400     1,400 

Building & improvements

   4,849     4,849 

Machinery & equipment

   186     186 
  

 

   

 

 

Total purchase price

  $19,976    $19,976 
  

 

   

 

 

Note 4. Inventories

Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following:

 

   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Chassis

  $35,227   $30,765 

Raw materials

   112,423    86,533 

Work in process

   128,145    97,251 

Finished products

   59,179    40,454 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   334,974    255,003 

Less: reserves

   (9,341   (8,041
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total inventories, net

  $325,633   $246,962 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 5. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

 

  October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Land & land improvements

  $16,247    $11,579    $16,247   $11,579 

Buildings & improvements

   85,779     60,546     85,779    60,546 

Machinery & equipment

   73,087     46,250     73,087    46,250 

Office furniture & fixtures

   9,009     7,377     9,009    7,377 

Construction in process

   23,445     10,196     23,445    10,196 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
   207,567     135,948     207,567    135,948 

Less: accumulated depreciation

   (61,145   (46,803   (61,145   (46,803
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total property, plant and equipment, net

  $146,422    $89,145    $146,422   $89,145 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Depreciation expense for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $15,170, $10,498 and $10,111, respectively.

Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

As of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, goodwill in the Fire & Emergency segment was $55,857 and $54,175, respectively. Goodwill in the Commercial segment was $28,650 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015. There is no goodwill in the Recreation segment.

The change in the net carrying value amount of goodwill consisted of the following:

 

   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Balance at beginning of period

  $82,825   $82,825 

Activity during the year:

    

Acquisition activity

   1,682    —  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $84,507   $82,825 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) consisted of the following:

 

   Weighted-Average Life   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Finite-lived intangible assets:

      

Technology-related

   7.0   $724   $724 

Customer relationships

   8.6    79,172    69,872 

Order backlog

   1.0    220    —  

Non-compete agreements

   6.0    530    —  

Trade names

   7.0    3,477    1,367 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
     84,123    71,963 

Less: accumulated amortization

     (47,846   (38,423
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
     36,277    33,540 

Indefinite-lived trade names

     87,763    85,363 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

    $124,040   $118,903 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amortization expense was $9,423, $8,586 and $8,790 for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets for the subsequent five fiscal years is as follows: 2017—$8,837, 2018—$8,340, 2019—$7,345, 2020—$4,766 and 2021—$2,085.

Note 7. Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following:

 

   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Payroll and related benefits and taxes

  $27,775   $20,629 

Incentive compensation

   11,715    7,104 

Customer sales program

   3,549    3,292 

Restructuring costs

   359    1,776 

Interest payable

   9,444    9,036 

Income taxes payable

   8,716    —   

Stock options

   9,117    1,214 

Other

   21,128    12,022 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other current liabilities

  $91,803   $55,073 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 8. Notes Payable, Bank and Other Long-Term Debt

The Company was obligated under the following debt instruments:

 

   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Senior secured facility:

    

Senior secured notes, net of debt discount ($455 and $704) and debt issuance costs ($3,505 and $5,426)

  $176,040   $193,870 

ABL Facility

   80,000    18,224 

Capital leases

   —     536 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   256,040    212,630 

Less: current maturities

   —     (236
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Long-term maturities of notes payable, bank and other long-term debt

  $256,040   $212,394 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Senior Secured Notes

On October 21, 2013, the Company issued (“Offering”) $200,000 in aggregate principal amount of its 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the “Notes”). The net proceeds from the Offering, together with net proceeds from the Company’s ABL Facility (defined below) were used to finance the acquisition of the commercial bus business of Thor Industries, Inc. in fiscal year 2013 and to repay all outstanding debt existing at the time of the Offering.

The Notes mature on November 1, 2019. All principal is due in full on the maturity date. Interest accrues on the Notes at the rate of 8.5% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 each year.

The Notes are guaranteed by all direct and indirect wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of the Company that guarantee debt under the ABL Facility described below. The Notes are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the guarantors’ assets other than accounts receivable and inventory, and related assets, pledged under the ABL Facility. The Notes are also secured by a second priority lien on substantially all of the collateral under the ABL Facility. The Notes are effectively subordinated to debt incurred under the ABL Facility, or other permitted debt facilities and obligations, as defined in the indenture governing the Notes, to the extent of the value of the assets securing the ABL Facility.

On October 17, 2016, the Company completed an open market purchase of $20,000 of its outstanding bonds, which were subsequently cancelled. The Company paid a premium of $400 and $784 of accrued interest as of the date of the purchase.

On or after November 1, of the years below, the Company may redeem all or a part of the Notes at the redemption prices set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes redeemed, to the applicable redemption date:

104.250% (Year 2016)

102.125% (Year 2017)

100.000% (Year 2018 and thereafter)

Upon a change of control, as defined, each holder of the Notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of the holder’s Notes at 101%, so long as the Note is a minimum of $2,000.

The Notes were issued with an applicable original issue discount (“OID”) of $1,166. The Company also incurred $8,980 in associated debt issuance costs. The OID is being accreted and debt issuance costs are being amortized over the debt term using the effective interest method. The principal on the Notes is reported on the consolidated balance sheets net of the unamortized OID of $455 and $704 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015,

respectively. The unamortized debt issuance costs are being reported as a direct reduction of related debt instrument in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and totaled $3,505 and $5,426 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. The Notes contain certain financial covenants. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Notes as of October 29, 2016.

At October 29, 2016, the Company had $180,000 in principal outstanding under the Notes.

ABL Facility

Effective October 21, 2013, the Company entered into a $150,000 senior secured revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the Asset Based Lending or “ABL Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The ABL Facility consists of: (i) Revolving Loans, (ii) Swing Line Loans, and (iii) Letters of Credit, aggregating up to a combined maximum of $150,000. The total amount borrowed was subject to a $15,000 sublimit for Swing Line Loans, and a $25,000 sublimit for Letters of Credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the agreement. The Company incurred $3,526 in debt issuance costs related to the ABL Facility.

On April 22, 2016, the Company exercised its $50,000 Incremental Commitment option under the ABL Facility in conjunction with the KME Acquisition, which increased the borrowing capacity under the ABL Facility to $200,000 at that time. All other terms and conditions remain unchanged. The Company incurred $721 in debt issuance costs related to the $50,000 Incremental Commitment.

On August 19, 2016, the Company amended the ABL Facility to add an Incremental Commitment option of $100,000 (the “August 2016 Amendment”), and on that date exercised the Incremental Commitment option. The August 2016 Amendment increased the borrowing capacity under the ABL Facility to $300,000. All other terms and conditions remain unchanged.

All outstanding principal on the ABL Facility is due and payable on the maturity date of October 21, 2018, unless as otherwise amended per the terms of the agreement. Principal may be repaid at any time during the term of the ABL Facility without penalty. The lenders hold a first priority security interest in essentially all accounts receivable and inventory of the Company, and a second priority security interest in all other assets of the Company. All obligations under the ABL Facility are effectively subordinate to other debt to the extent of the value of collateral other than accounts receivable and inventory.

All Revolving Loans under the ABL Facility bear interest at rates equal to, at the Company’s option, either a Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin, or a Eurodollar Rate plus an Applicable Margin. All Swing Line Loans under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to a Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin. Applicable Margins were initially set at 0.75% for Base Rate loans and Swing Line Loans, and 1.75% for Eurodollar loans, and are subject to subsequent adjustment as defined in the agreement. Interest is payable quarterly for all loans in which a Base Rate is applied, and is payable either monthly or quarterly for all loans in which a Eurodollar Rate is applied.

At October 29, 2016, the Company had $80,000 in principal outstanding under Revolving Loans, and had a net unused availability of $213,849. Borrowings under Revolving Loans bear interest at an average rate of 2.24% per annum. The Company had open Letters of Credit of $6,151 at October 29, 2016.

The ABL Facility contains certain financial covenants. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the ABL Facility as of October 29, 2016.

Note 9. Warranties

The Company’s products generally carry explicit warranties that extend from several months to several years, based on terms that are generally accepted in their respective markets. Selected components (such as engines,

transmissions, tires, etc.) included in the Company’s end products may include warranties from original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”). These OEM warranties are passed on to the end customer of the Company’s products, and in some cases the customer deals directly with the applicable OEM manufacturer for any issues encountered.

Changes in the Company’s warranty liability consisted of the following:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $28,453   $34,316 

Warranty provisions

   26,759    22,537 

Settlements made

   (31,232   (27,472

Warranties for current year acquisitions

   14,357    —  

Changes in liability of pre-existing warranties

   471    (928
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $38,808   $28,453 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accrued warranty is classified in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as follows:

 

   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
 

Current liabilities

  $22,693   $18,153 

Other long-term liabilities

   16,115    10,300 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total warranty liability

  $38,808   $28,453 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provisions for estimated warranty and other related costs are recorded at the time of sale and are periodically adjusted to reflect actual experience. Certain warranty and other related claims involve matters of dispute that ultimately are resolved by negotiation, arbitration or litigation. Warranty issues may arise that are beyond the scope of the Company’s historical experience and the potential liability for these warranty issues is evaluated on a case by case basis.

Note 10. Leases

Certain administrative and production facilities and equipment are leased under long-term, non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Most leases contain renewal options for varying periods. Leases generally require the Company to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance of the property. See Note 19 for related party disclosures relating to leases.

Total rental expenses for property, plant and equipment charged to operations under non-cancelable operating leases was $3,706, $2,612 and $2,941 during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments due under operating leases for the subsequent five fiscal years, are as follows:

 

2017

   2,471 

2018

   2,164 

2019

   1,834 

2020

   1,370 

2021

   1,090 

Thereafter

   836 

Note 11. Employee Benefit Plan

The Company has a defined contribution 401(k) plan covering substantially all employees. The plan allows employees to defer up to 100% of their employment income (subject to annual contribution limits imposed by the I.R.S.) after all taxes and applicable benefit deductions. Each employee who elects to participate is eligible to receive Company matching contributions that are based on employee contributions to the plans, subject to certain limitations. Amounts expensed for the Company’s matching and discretionary contributions were $6,085, $5,398 and $4,615 during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively

Note 12. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Cash Flow Hedges: The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risk related to cash flows, partially managed by using derivative instruments, is foreign currency exchange rate risk. Forward contracts on various foreign currencies are entered into to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk on the collection of receivables denominated in foreign currencies. These derivatives typically require the exchange of a foreign currency for U.S. dollars at a fixed rate at a future date.

To protect against the reduction in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from export sales, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of its receivables denominated in foreign currencies with forward contracts. When the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, decreased foreign currency payments are offset by gains in the value of the forward contracts. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies, increased foreign currency payments are offset by losses in the value of the forward contracts.

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The Company generally hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for a maximum of 12 to 18 months.

The ineffective portion of cash flow hedges, which is the remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any, or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, is recognized in earnings immediately during the current period as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

A net amount of $39 currently reported in accumulated other comprehensive income is expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next 12 months. The Company had forward foreign exchange contracts with a gross notional value of $5,198 and $5,669 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively, designated as cash flow hedges.

Note 13. Shareholders’ Equity

The Company’s amended certificate of incorporation allow for the issuance of up to 575,00046,000,000 Class A common shares and for the issuance of up to 540,00043,200,000 Class B common shares.

Shareholder Rights: All current shareholders of the Company are a party to the Amended Shareholders Agreement (the “Shareholders Agreement”) which governs the shareholders’ voting rights, right to transfer securities, rights in the event of a sale of the Company or other liquidity event and other special approval rights. Under the terms of the Shareholders Agreement, the Company may be required (at the shareholder’s option) or have the option to purchase the shareholder’s common stock upon termination, disability, death or retirement if the shareholder is an employee. If an employee shareholder is terminated for cause or the employee

shareholder departs for any reason other than death, disability or retirement, the purchase price of the common stock will be the lesser of termination book value or cost. In the case of termination for any other reason and in the case of death, disability or retirement, the purchase price shall be a price per share equal to the fair market value as determined by the Company’s board of directors. Holders of the Company’s Class A common stock have one vote per share and holders of the Company’s Class B common stock have two votes per share.

Note 14. Contingently Redeemable Common Stock

Shares of common stock which are held by employees are eligible to be put to the Company in accordance with the Shareholders Agreement if certain criteria (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement) are met and the former employee or his or her beneficiaries exercises the option to put the shares to the Company in accordance with the Shareholders Agreement. As these provisions are not certain of being met, the shares of common stock held by employees are considered contingently redeemable common stock and recorded as temporary equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet until the shares of common stock are either re-purchased by the Company or the put option expires. The put option expires 90 or 180 days after termination of employment, depending on the nature of the termination or upon the sale of the Company or an initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The value of these shares of common stock are presented at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the Company’s common stock is calculated by estimating the Company’s enterprise value by applying an earnings multiple to the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA over the previous 12 months, and deducting outstanding net debt.

When the put option is exercised or expires, the shares are re-measured at fair value on that date and reclassified from temporary equity to shareholders’ equity. Changes in the fair value of the contingently redeemable shares of common stock are recorded in retained earnings.

During fiscal year 2016, the Company reclassified 5,706456,480 contingently redeemable Class A common shares to shareholders’ equity. During fiscal year 2015, the Company issued 4,879390,320 contingently redeemable Class A common shares for proceeds of $2,000. During fiscal year 2014, the Company issued 7,215577,200 contingently redeemable Class A common shares for proceeds of $2,855.

Note 15. Stock Compensation

In April 2010, the Company’s board of directors approved the Company’s 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”). Under the 2010 Plan, key employees, including employees who may also be directors or officers of the Company, outside directors, key consultants and key contractors of the Company may be granted incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, and other share-based awards. The 2010 Plan provides for the granting of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at not less than the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. Stock options terminate not more than ten years from the date of grant. The 2010 Plan allows acceleration of options upon certain events, as defined. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock options, nonvested stock and performance share awards over the requisite service period for vesting of the award, or to an employee’s eligible retirement date, if earlier and applicable. The maximum number of shares of stock reserved for all awards under the 2010 Plan is 80,000.6,400,000. At October 29, 2016, the Company had 46,8323,746,560 shares available for issuance under the 2010 Plan.

Stock Option Awards: Stock options granted have a term of up to 10 years from the grant date. The vesting of these options are either immediate, upon a triggering event or over a three or four-year period. Exercisability of the majority of the options is contingent upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company, or in certain of the option grants, an initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The Company estimates the fair value of all stock option awards on the grant date by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model. The application of this option pricing valuation model involves assumptions that are subjective, judgmental and sensitive in the determination of stock compensation cost.

As of October 29, 2016 and October 31 2015, there were 20,8001,664,000 and 16,4001,312,000 stock options outstanding, respectively, which were considered liability share awards as the underlying shares were eligible to be sold back to the Company as a result of put rights in the Shareholders Agreement, within a period of time which would not subject the shareholder to the risks and rewards of share ownership for a reasonable period of time. As of October 29, 2016, as a result of the Company’s filing of a Form S-1 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company was considered a public entity, and as such, recognized the liability share awards at fair value in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the vested portion of these stock options was $9,117 at October 29, 2016. The Company valued these liabilities share awards at intrinsic value as of October 31, 2015. The intrinsic value of the vested portion of these stock options was $1,214 as of October 31, 2015, and is recorded in other current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the liability awards was $2,256 at October 31, 2015. Changes in fair value of liability share awards are recorded as stock compensation expense.

As of October 29, 2016, the Company could potentially recognize $2,505 of stock-based compensation expense if certain performance targets are met. As of October 29, 2016, the Company had $7,399 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to time based vesting stock options.

In connection with the termination of certain Company officers in fiscal year 2014, the Company as part of the separation agreements allowed these employees to retain their awards subsequent to termination. There are no current or future performance requirements to retain the modified awards. This change resulted in a modification of stock option awards per ASC 718. Since the awards were subject to the contingencies described above, the adjusted value of the awards were included in the total value of potential performance based stock-based compensation expense.

The key assumptions used in determining the fair value of options granted for fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, are as follows:

 

  2016  2015  2014  2016  2015  2014

Weighted-average volatility

  52.75 - 52.98%  52.59 - 52.73%  52.75 - 53.05%  52.75 - 52.98%  52.59 - 52.73%  52.75 - 53.05%

Weighted-average risk-free interest rate

  1.83 - 2.25%  1.93 - 2.37%  2.35 - 2.80%  1.83 - 2.25%  1.93 - 2.37%  2.35 - 2.80%

Weighted-average expected life in years

  10.00  10.00  10.00  10.00  10.00  10.00

Dividend yield

  —    —    —    —    —    —  

Weighted-average grant date fair value per option

  $407.01  $358.72  $252.81  $5.09  $4.48  $3.16

Peer group information is the basis for the selection of the expected weighted-average volatility. The estimated expected life is the option term. The risk-free interest rate is selected based upon yields of United States Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life of the option being valued.

Stock option activity for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, was as follows:

 

  Number of
Shares
   Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
   Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value of
In-the-
Money
Options
   Number of
Shares
   Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
   Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value of
In-the-
Money
Options
 

Outstanding at October 31, 2013

   41,347    $287     6.1    $3,496     3,307,760   $3.59    6.1   $3,496 

Granted

   27,950     391     —       —       2,236,000    4.89    —     —  

Exercised

   —       —       —       —       —     —     —     —  

Cancelled

   (2,290   345     —       —       (183,200   4.31    —     —  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Outstanding at October 31, 2014

   67,007    $327     6.8    $4,773     5,360,560   $4.09    6.8   $4,773 

Granted

   4,600     560     —       —       368,000    7.00    —     —  

Exercised

   —       —       —       —       —     —     —     —  

Cancelled

   (11,175   368     —       —       (894,000   4.60    —     —  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Outstanding at October 31, 2015

   60,432    $344     6.0    $15,156     4,834,560   $4.30    6.0   $15,156 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Granted

   12,500     640     —       —       1,000,000    8.00    —     —  

Exercised

   —       —       —       —       —     —     —     —  

Cancelled

   (26,100   351     —       —       (2,088,000   4.39    —     —  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Outstanding at October 29, 2016

   46,832    $455     7.1    $27,735     3,746,560   $5.69    7.1   $27,735 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Exercisable at October 29, 2016

   12,133    $415     —      $8,429     970,640   $5.19    —    $8,429 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value in the previous table reflects the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the per share fair value of the Company’s stock and the exercise price of the stock options, multiplied by the number of in-the-money stock options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015. The intrinsic value of the Company’s stock options changes based on the changes in fair value of the Company’s common stock.

Note 16. Restructuring Charges

In October 2014 the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate the remaining of Navistar RV (since renamed Monaco RV (“MRV”)) operations in Elkhart, Indiana to its Decatur, Indiana recreation facility. Accordingly, $918 of the costs associated with the relocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, including severance and bonuses were recorded during fiscal year 2014.

In February 2014 the Company recorded a restructuring charge of $2,458 associated with exiting the non-motorized towable market. The Company eliminated approximately 143 positions in connection with this initiative. Additionally, $4,140 of inventory related restructuring costs were recorded in the cost of sales. Details of exiting the non-motorized towable market included:

 

exiting two manufacturing facilities in Indiana and Oregon;

 

disposing of manufacturing equipment;

 

disposing current inventory through discounted sales and return of raw materials to vendors at a discount; and

 

eliminating workforce associated with the exited business component.

All of the restructuring charges associated with exiting the non-motorized towable market were paid during fiscal year 2014 and no liability remained as of October 29, 2016.

In fiscal year 2015 the Company implemented a restructuring of its management functions and various product lines across the Company. Accordingly, $3,869 of the costs associated with the re-organization, including but not limited to severance, were recorded during fiscal year 2015. Additionally, $783 of inventory obsolescence reserves were recorded as a charge to the costs of sales during fiscal year 2015 for the discontinued product lines within the Recreation segment.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2,807 of costs associated with this re-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses. At October 29, 2016, $567 of the restructuring costs remain unpaid and are included in other current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen buses to its Salina, KS and Imlay City, MI facilities. Accordingly, $714 of the costs associated with the relocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, including severance and bonuses were recorded during fiscal year 2016. At October 29, 2016, $314 of the restructuring costs remain unpaid and are included in other current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

 

  MRV - 
Elkhart,
IN
 2015 - 
Companywide
 2016 - 
Companywide
 Goshen
Bus
 Total   MRV -
Elkhart,
IN
 2015 -
Companywide
 2016 -
Companywide
 Goshen
Bus
 Total 

Balance at October 31, 2014

  $577   $—    $—    $—     577    $577  $—   $—   $—   577 

Expenses Incurred

   —    3,869    —      —     3,869     —   3,869   —    —   3,869 

Amounts Paid

   (577 (2,093  —      —     (2,670   (577 (2,093  —    —   (2,670
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance at October 31, 2015

  $—    $1,776   $—     $—     $1,776    $—   $1,776  $—   $—   $1,776 
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Expenses Incurred

   —     —    2,807   714   3,521     —    —   2,807  714  3,521 

Amounts Paid

   —     (1,776 (2,240 (400 (4,416   —   (1,776 (2,240 (400 (4,416
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance at October 29, 2016

  $—    $—     $567   $314   $881    $—   $—   $567  $314  $881 
  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Note 17. Income Taxes

Earnings from operations are taxed as domestic income.

Provision for income taxes is summarized as follows:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Current:

      

Federal

  $12,564   $13,970   $2,319 

State

   4,147    3,290    1,301 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Current

   16,711    17,260    3,620 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred:

      

Federal

   (2,250   (4,749   152 

State

   (1,411   (576   (477
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Deferred

   (3,661   (5,325   (325
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes

  $13,050   $11,935   $3,295 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate is reconciled to the Company’s provision for income taxes as follows:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Income tax expense at federal statutory rate

  $15,135   $12,184   $1,626 

State expense

   1,590    1,558    460 

Deferred Adjustments

   (1,531   —     —  

Manufacturing and research incentives

   (2,592   (1,475   (363

Nondeductible items

   988    219    1,520 

Other items

   (540   (551   52 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provision for income taxes

  $13,050   $11,935   $3,295 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Tax expense for fiscal year 2016 was favorably impacted by incentives for U.S. manufacturing and research as well as adjustments to deferred income tax balances. The deferred income tax balance adjustments were not material to current or previously issued financial statements.

Tax expense for fiscal year 2015 was favorably impacted by incentives for U.S. manufacturing and research.

Tax expense for fiscal year 2014 tax provision was negatively impacted by non-deductible costs associated with acquisitions.

No items included in Other items in the income tax reconciliation above are individually, or when appropriately aggregated, significant.

Temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities include the following items:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
 

Deferred tax assets:

    

Product warranty

  $14,201   $9,256 

Inventory

   5,891    7,697 

Deferred employee benefits

   9,096    4,609 

Net operating loss and credits

   2,114    1,675 

Other reserves and allowances

   5,311    3,885 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross deferred tax assets

   36,613    27,122 

Less valuation allowance

   (154   (797
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets

   36,459    26,325 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Intangible assets

   (40,817   (41,403

Property, plant and equipment

   (12,661   (6,542

Other

   (430   (385
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities

   (53,908   (48,330
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

  $(17,449  $(22,005
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) reflected in the consolidated balance sheet are as follows:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015 

Current deferred tax asset

  $—    $23,599 

Noncurrent deferred tax liability

   (17,449   (45,604
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

  $(17,449  $(22,005
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of each balance sheet date, management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to evaluate its valuation allowance requirements in light of changing facts and circumstances, and may adjust its deferred tax valuation allowances accordingly. It is reasonably possible that the company will either add to, or reverse a portion of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowance in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances could have a material effect on operating results.

At October 29, 2016, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes of $3,250, which begin to expire in 2029. The Company also has state net operating loss carryforwards of $4,540, which begin to expire in 2027. The Company has an AMT credit carryforward for federal income tax purposes of $114. In addition, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards generated in Canada of $573 which are offset by a valuation allowance because the losses are projected to expire prior to being utilized.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S, Canada and various state jurisdictions. With few exceptions, fiscal years 2013, 2014 and 2015 remain open to tax examination by Canadian, U.S. federal and state tax authorities.

The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from examinations to determine the adequacy of its tax reserves. As of October 29, 2016, the company believes that it is more likely than not that the tax positions it has taken will be sustained upon the resolution of its audits resulting in no material impact on its consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows. However, the final determination with respect to any tax audits, and any related litigation, could be materially different from the company’s estimates and/or from its historical income tax provisions and accruals and could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments.

During fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations $180, $(12), and $31, respectively, for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax liabilities, which the Company recognizes as a part of income tax expense. As of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, the company has accrued interest and penalties of $216 and $36, respectively.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:

 

   Fiscal Year Ended 
   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
   October 31,
2014
 

Balance at beginning of year

  $4,166   $4,612   $4,509 

Additions (reductions) for tax positions in prior year

   (1,501   74    80 

Additions for tax positions in current year

   192    16    23 

Cash settlements with taxing authorities

   (34   (430   —  

Statute of limitations

   (144   (106   —  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

  $2,679   $4,166   $4,612 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

If recognized, $1,640, $430, and $458 of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits as of October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, respectively, would affect the effective income tax rate. The remaining unrecognized tax benefits relate to state tax issues of acquired companies for which the Company will be indemnified by the seller. As such, an offsetting asset in the amount of $1,255 is included in other long-term assets.

During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that federal and state tax resolutions could reduce unrecognized tax benefits and income tax expense by up to $1,116, either because the Company’s tax positions are sustained on audit or settled, or the applicable statute of limitations closes.

Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies

Personal Injury Actions and Other: Product and general liability claims arise against the Company from time to time in the ordinary course of business. These claims are generally covered by third-party insurance. There is inherent uncertainty as to the eventual resolution of unsettled claims. Management, however, believes that any losses will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Market Risks: The Company is contingently liable under bid, performance and specialty bonds and has open standby letters of credit issued by the Company’s banks in favor of third parties as follows:

 

   October 29,
2016
   October 31,
2015
 

Performance, bid and specialty bonds

  $156,972   $84,797 

Open standby letters of credit

   6,151    4,376 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $163,123   $89,173 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Chassis Contingent Liabilities: The Company obtains certain vehicle chassis from automobile manufacturers under converter pool agreements. These agreements generally provide that the manufacturer will supply chassis at the Company’s various production facilities under the terms and conditions set forth in the agreement. The manufacturer does not transfer the certificate of origin to the Company and, accordingly, the Company accounts for the vehicle chassis as consigned, unrecorded inventory. Upon being put into production, the Company becomes obligated to pay the manufacturer for the vehicle chassis. Chassis are typically converted and delivered to customers within 90—120 days of receipt. If the vehicle chassis is not converted within this timeframe of delivery, the Company generally purchases the vehicle chassis and records the inventory. The Company’s contingent liability under such agreements was $77,587 and $69,210 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

Repurchase Commitments: The Company has entered into repurchase agreements with certain lending institutions. The repurchase commitments are on an individual unit basis with a term from the date it is financed by the lending institution through payment date by the dealer or other customer, generally not exceeding two years. The Company’s outstanding obligations under such agreements were $213,657 and $218,611 as of October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. This value represents the gross value of all vehicles under repurchase agreements and does not take into consideration proceeds that would be received upon resale of repossessed vehicles, which would be used to reduce the Company’s ultimate net liability. Such agreements are customary in the industries in which the Company operates and the Company’s exposure to loss under such agreements is limited by the potential loss on the resale value of the inventory which is required to be repurchased. Losses incurred under such arrangements have not been significant and the Company expects this pattern to continue into the future. The reserve for losses included in other liabilities on contracts outstanding at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015 is immaterial.

Guarantee Arrangements: The Company is party to multiple agreements whereby it guarantees indebtedness of others, including losses under loss pool agreements. The Company estimated that its maximum loss exposure

under these contracts were $626 and $656 at October 29, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. Under the terms of these and various related agreements and upon the occurrence of certain events, the Company generally has the ability to, among other things, take possession of the underlying collateral. If the financial condition of the customers and/or dealers were to deteriorate and result in their inability to make payments, then additional accruals may be required. While the Company does not expect to experience losses under these agreements that are materially in excess of the amounts reserved, it cannot provide any assurance that the financial condition of the third parties will not deteriorate resulting in the third party’s inability to meet their obligations. In the event that this occurs, the Company cannot guarantee that the collateral underlying the agreements will be sufficient to avoid losses materially in excess of the amounts reserved. Any losses under these guarantees would generally be mitigated by the value of any underlying collateral, including financed equipment, and are generally subject to the finance company’s ability to provide the Company clear title to foreclosed equipment and other conditions. During periods of economic weakness, collateral values generally decline and can contribute to higher exposure to losses.

Environmental Remediation Costs: The Company accrues for losses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such losses are probable and reasonably estimable. The liabilities are developed based on currently available information and reflect the participation of other potentially responsible parties, depending on the parties’ financial condition and probable contribution. The accruals are recorded at undiscounted amounts and are reflected as liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recorded as assets when their receipt is deemed probable. The accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. As of October 29, 2016, the Company has recorded an accrual of $1,528 for environmental remediation costs at certain of its acquired KME manufacturing facilities. According to the Purchase Agreement, these costs are expected to be reimbursed by the seller of KME and accordingly, the Company has recorded a receivable for the same amount. Environmental remediation costs were nil for fiscal years 2015 and 2014. At October 29, 2016, there were escrow funds held for the benefit of the Company in excess of this liability.

Other Matters: The Company is subject to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the final results of all such matters and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the ultimate resolution of all such matters and claims will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Actual results could vary, among other things, due to the uncertainties involved in litigation.

Note 19. Related Party Transactions

During fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company reimbursed its primary equity holder for out of pocket expenses in the amount of $219, $1,069 and $2,093, respectively. These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Certain production facilities and offices for two of the Company’s subsidiaries are leased from related parties owned by certain members of management. Rent expense paid under these arrangements during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $524, $513 and $567, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under these leases are $567 and $337 in fiscal years 2017 and 2018, respectively.

The Company engages with an information technology, software and consulting company in which the Company’s CEO has a material equity interest. Services being provided include software development and installation. The Company made payments of $3,012 and $1,885 in fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively, to this information technology, software and consulting company. These costs are recorded in property, plant and equipment on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Note 20. Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average

number of common shares outstanding assuming dilution. The difference between basic EPS and diluted EPS is the result of the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options. The table below reconciles basic weighted-average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
  October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   October 31, 2014   October 29, 2016   October 31, 2015   October 31, 2014 

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding

   644,840     659,517     659,866     51,587,164    52,761,380    52,789,250 

Dilutive stock options

   2,332     720     102     186,521    57,589    8,181 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Diluted weighted-average common shares

   647,172     660,237     659,968     51,773,685    52,818,969    52,797,431 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

The Company excludes stock options that have an anti-dilutive effect from its calculation of weighted-average shares outstanding assuming dilution. There were 28,900, 33,3502,312,000, 2,668,000 and 35,1002,808,000 shares as of October 29, 2016, October 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which were excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding as the impact would have been anti-dilutive on earnings per share.

Note 21. Business Segment Information

The Company is organized into three reportable segments based on management’s process for making operating decisions, allocating capital and measuring performance, and based on the similarity of products, customers served, common use of facilities, and economic characteristics. The Company’s segments are as follows:

Fire & Emergency: This segment includes KME, E-One, Inc., American Emergency Vehicles, Inc., Leader Emergency Vehicles, Inc., Horton Enterprises, Inc. and Wheeled Coach, Inc. These business units manufacture and market commercial and custom fire and emergency vehicles primarily for fire departments, airports, other governmental units, contractors, hospitals and other care providers in the United States and other countries.

Commercial: This segment includes Collins Bus, Champion Bus, Inc., Goshen Coach, Inc., ENC, ElDorado National (Kansas), Inc., Capacity and Lay-Mor. Collins Bus manufactures, markets and distributes Type A school buses, as well as shuttle buses used for churches, transit authorities, hotels and resorts, retirement centers and other similar uses. Champion Bus, Inc., Goshen Coach, Inc., ENC, and ElDorado National (Kansas), Inc. manufacture, market and distribute shuttle buses, transit buses and mobility vans for transit, airport car rental and hotel/motel shuttles, tour and charter operations and other similar uses. Capacity manufactures, markets and distributes trucks used in terminal type operations, i.e., rail yards, warehouses, rail terminals and shipping terminals/ports. Lay-Mor manufactures, markets and distributes industrial sweepers for both the commercial and rental markets.

Recreation: This segment includes REV Recreation Group, Inc. (“RRG”) and Goldshield Fiberglass, Inc. (“Goldshield”). RRG primarily manufactures, markets and distributes Class A and Class C mobile recreational vehicles in both gas and diesel models. Goldshield manufactures, markets and distributes fiberglass reinforced molded parts to a diverse cross section of OEM and other commercial and industrial customers, including various components for other REV companies including RRG, which is one of Goldshield’s primary customers.

In considering the financial performance of the business, the chief operating decision maker analyzes the primary financial performance measure of Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income for the relevant period before depreciation and amortization, interest expense and provision (benefit) for income taxes, as adjusted for sponsor expenses, restructuring costs, and stock-based compensation, that the Company believes are not indicative of the Company’s ongoing operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure defined by U.S. GAAP, but is computed using amounts that are determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. A reconciliation of this performance measure to income before provision for income taxes is included below.

The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors and used by management for measuring profitability because the measure excludes the impact of certain items which management believes have less

bearing on the Company’s core operating performance. The Company believes that the core operations of its business are those which can be affected by the Company’s management in a particular period through their resource allocation decisions that affect the underlying performance of its operations conducted during that period. The Company also believes that the decision to utilize Adjusted EBITDA allows for a meaningful comparison of operating fundamentals between companies within the Company’s industry by eliminating the impact of capital structure and taxation differences between the companies.

The Company also adjusts for exceptional items which are determined to be those that in management’s judgment need to be disclosed by virtue of their size, nature or incidence, which include non-cash items and items settled in cash. In determining whether an event or transaction is exceptional, management considers quantitative as well as qualitative factors such as the frequency or predictability of occurrence. This is consistent with the way that financial performance is measured by management and reported to the Company’s Board of Directors, assists in providing a meaningful analysis of the Company’s operating performance and used as a measurement in incentive compensation for management. Based on the foregoing factors, management considers the adjustment for non-cash purchase accounting to be an exceptional item.

For purposes of measuring performance of its business segments, the Company does not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of a corporate nature. The caption “corporate and other” includes corporate office expenses, results of insignificant operations, intersegment eliminations and income and expense not allocated to reportable segments.

Identifiable assets of the business segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, certain property, plant and equipment and certain other assets pertaining to corporate activities.

Intersegment sales generally include amounts invoiced by a segment for work performed for another segment. Amounts are based on actual work performed and agreed-upon pricing which is intended to be reflective of the contribution made by the supplying business segment. All intersegment transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Selected financial information of the Company’s segments is as follows:

 

  Fiscal Year 2016   Fiscal Year 2016 
  Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
 Consolidated   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
 Consolidated 

Sales:

                  

Net Sales—External Customers

  $768,053    $679,033    $478,071    $842   $1,925,999    $768,053   $679,033   $478,071   $842  $1,925,999 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—      $—      $10,556    $(10,556 $—      $—    $—    $10,556   $(10,556 $—  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $9,707    $8,095    $4,999    $1,792   $24,593    $9,707   $8,095   $4,999   $1,792  $24,593 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $9,598    $5,943    $14,672    $18,329   $48,542    $9,598   $5,943   $14,672   $18,329  $48,542 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $410,984    $268,980    $172,034    $37,021   $889,019    $410,984   $268,980   $172,034   $37,021  $889,019 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $85,170    $53,414    $11,005    $(26,764   $85,170   $53,414   $11,005   $(26,764 

   Fiscal Year 2015 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $620,161   $701,980   $412,940   $—   $1,735,081 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—    $—    $10,039   $(10,039 $—  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $7,315   $8,703   $2,634   $432  $19,084 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $3,353   $3,301   $2,710   $6,066  $15,430 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $276,244   $267,188   $129,706   $22,683  $695,821 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $63,306   $39,095   $1,507   $(13,782 

 

   Fiscal Year 2015 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $620,161    $701,980    $412,940    $—     $1,735,081  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—      $—      $10,039    $(10,039 $—    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $7,315    $8,703    $2,634    $432   $19,084  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $3,353    $3,301    $2,710    $6,066   $15,430  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $276,244    $267,188    $129,706    $22,683   $695,821  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $63,306    $39,095    $1,507    $(13,782 

  Fiscal Year 2014   Fiscal Year 2014 
  Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
 Consolidated   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
 Consolidated 

Sales:

                  

Net Sales—External Customers

  $567,714    $654,432    $498,970    $—     $1,721,116    $567,714   $654,432   $498,970   $—   $1,721,116 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—      $—      $10,399    $(10,399 $—      $—    $—    $10,399   $(10,399 $—  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $7,586    $8,427    $2,423    $465   $18,901    $7,586   $8,427   $2,423   $465  $18,901 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $3,433    $3,116    $4,987    $531   $12,067    $3,433   $3,116   $4,987   $531  $12,067 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $287,476    $262,290    $144,483    $11,438   $705,687    $287,476   $262,290   $144,483   $11,438  $705,687 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $37,544    $34,273    $2,001    $(12,305   $37,544   $34,273   $2,001   $(12,305 

Provided below is a reconciliation of segment Adjusted EBITDA to income before provision for income taxes:

 

  Fiscal Year Ended   Fiscal Year Ended 
  October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
   October 29,
2016
 October 31,
2015
 October 31,
2014
 

Fire & Emergency Adjusted EBITDA

  $85,170   $63,306   $37,544    $85,170  $63,306  $37,544 

Commercial Adjusted EBITDA

   53,414   39,095   34,273     53,414  39,095  34,273 

Recreation Adjusted EBITDA

   11,005   1,507   2,001     11,005  1,507  2,001 

Corporate and Other Adjusted EBITDA

   (26,764 (13,782 (12,305   (26,764 (13,782 (12,305

Depreciation and amortization

   (24,593 (19,084 (18,901   (24,593 (19,084 (18,901

Interest expense

   (29,158 (27,272 (26,195   (29,158 (27,272 (26,195

Transaction expenses

   (1,629 —     (1,166   (1,629  —   (1,166

Sponsor expenses

   (219 (1,069 (2,093   (219 (1,069 (2,093

Restructuring costs

   (3,521 (4,652 (7,516   (3,521 (4,652 (7,516

Stock-based compensation expense

   (19,692 (3,237 (859   (19,692 (3,237 (859

Non-cash purchase accounting

   (770  —     —       (770  —    —  
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

  $43,243   $34,812   $4,783    $43,243  $34,812  $4,783 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

 

The following tables present net sales by geographic region based on product shipment destination for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014:

 

  Fiscal Year 2016   Fiscal Year 2016 
  U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total   U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total 

Fire & Emergency

  $758,549   $653    $3,416    $5,435    $768,053    $758,549  $653   $3,416   $5,435   $768,053 

Commercial

   672,673   454     —      5,906     679,033     672,673  454    —     5,906    679,033 

Recreation

   475,021    —      —      3,050     478,071     475,021   —     —     3,050    478,071 

Corporate and other

   842    —      —      —       842     842   —     —     —     842 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total Net Sales—External Customers

  $1,907,085   $1,107    $3,416    $14,391    $1,925,999    $1,907,085  $1,107   $3,416   $14,391   $1,925,999 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Intersegment Sales

  $10,556    —      —      —      —     $10,556   —     —     —     —  

Corporate Eliminations

   (10,556  —      —      —      —      (10,556  —     —     —     —  
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

  Fiscal Year 2015   Fiscal Year 2015 
  U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total   U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total 

Fire & Emergency

  $589,311   $720    $23,924    $6,206    $620,161    $589,311  $720   $23,924   $6,206   $620,161 

Commercial

   685,382   1,024     188     15,386     701,980     685,382  1,024    188    15,386    701,980 

Recreation

   407,504    —      —      5,436     412,940     407,504   —     —     5,436    412,940 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total Net Sales—External Customers

  $1,682,197   $1,744    $24,112    $27,028    $1,735,081    $1,682,197  $1,744   $24,112   $27,028   $1,735,081 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Intersegment Sales

  $10,039    —      —      —      —     $10,039   —     —     —     —  

Corporate Eliminations

   (10,039  —      —      —      —      (10,039  —     —     —     —  
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

  Fiscal Year 2014   Fiscal Year 2014 
  U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total   U.S.
and Canada
 Europe/
Africa
   Middle
East
   Rest of
World
   Total 

Fire & Emergency

  $529,849   $2,433    $23,693    $11,739    $567,714    $529,849  $2,433   $23,693   $11,739   $567,714 

Commercial

   642,701   960     370     10,401     654,432     642,701  960    370    10,401    654,432 

Recreation

   498,864   —       —       106     498,970     498,864   —     —     106    498,970 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total Net Sales—External Customers

  $1,671,414   $3,393    $24,063    $22,246    $1,721,116    $1,671,414  $3,393   $24,063   $22,246   $1,721,116 
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Intersegment Sales

  $10,399    —       —       —       —      $10,399   —     —     —     —  

Corporate Eliminations

   (10,399  —       —       —       —       (10,399  —     —     —     —  
  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Note 22. Quarterly Information (Unaudited)

The summarized quarterly financial data presented below reflect all adjustments, which in the opinion of management, are of a normal and recurring nature necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods presented. Annual amounts may not sum due to rounding. In thousands, except for per share amounts.

Fiscal Year 2016

 

  First
Quarter
 Second
Quarter
 Third
Quarter
   Fourth
Quarter
   Total Year   First
Quarter
 Second
Quarter
 Third
Quarter
   Fourth
Quarter
   Total Year 

Net sales

  $372,780   $480,229   $528,238    $544,752    $1,925,999    $372,780  $480,229  $528,238   $544,752   $1,925,999 

Cost of sales

   337,841   421,509   464,285     472,433     1,696,068     337,841  421,509  464,285    472,433    1,696,068 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Gross profit

   34,939   58,720   63,953     72,319     229,931     34,939  58,720  63,953    72,319    229,931 

Operating expense

                

Selling, general and administrative

   27,106   35,314   35,481     41,870     139,771     27,106  35,314  35,481    41,870    139,771 

Research and development

   1,139   1,294   1,330     1,052     4,815     1,139  1,294  1,330    1,052    4,815 

Restructuring costs

   2,965   (215 57     714     3,521     2,965  (215 57    714    3,521 

Amortization of intangible assets

   2,243   2,200   2,505     2,475     9,423     2,243  2,200  2,505    2,475    9,423 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total operating expenses

   33,453   38,593   39,373     46,111     157,530     33,453  38,593  39,373    46,111    157,530 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Interest expense

   6,687   6,776   7,364     8,331     29,158     6,687  6,776  7,364    8,331    29,158 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes

   (5,201 13,351   17,216     17,877     43,243     (5,201 13,351  17,216    17,877    43,243 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

   (2,191 5,309   4,136     5,796     13,050     (2,191 5,309  4,136    5,796    13,050 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $(3,010 $8,042   $13,080    $12,081    $30,193    $(3,010 $8,042  $13,080   $12,081   $30,193 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

 

Earnings per share

                

Basic

  $(4.59 $12.53   $20.41    $18.87    $46.82    $(0.05 $0.16  $0.26   $0.24   $0.59 

Diluted

  $(4.59 $12.52   $20.39    $18.84    $46.65    $(0.06 $0.16  $0.25   $0.24   $0.58 

Fiscal Year 2015

 

   First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
   Third
Quarter
   Fourth
Quarter
   Total Year 

Net sales

  $383,552   $438,158    $450,343    $463,028    $1,735,081  

Cost of sales

   349,700    394,147     401,935     407,345     1,553,127  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

   33,852    44,011     48,408     55,683     181,954  

Operating expense

         

Selling, general and administrative

   23,024    27,833     24,584     26,868     102,309  

Research and development

   1,581    1,678     1,485     362     5,106  

Restructuring costs

   —      2,359     909     601     3,869  

Amortization of intangible assets

   2,130    2,148     2,148     2,160     8,586  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   26,735    34,018     29,126     29,991     119,870  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense

   7,020    7,114     6,722     6,416     27,272  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   97    2,879     12,560     19,276     34,812  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

   (184  1,067     4,286     6,766     11,935  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

  $281   $1,812    $8,274    $12,510    $22,877  
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings per share

         

Basic

  $0.43   $2.74    $12.52    $19.05    $34.69  

Diluted

  $0.43   $2.73    $12.51    $18.99    $34.65  

   First
Quarter
  Second
Quarter
   Third
Quarter
   Fourth
Quarter
   Total Year 

Net sales

  $383,552  $438,158   $450,343   $463,028   $1,735,081 

Cost of sales

   349,700   394,147    401,935    407,345    1,553,127 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

   33,852   44,011    48,408    55,683    181,954 

Operating expense

         

Selling, general and administrative

   23,024   27,833    24,584    26,868    102,309 

Research and development

   1,581   1,678    1,485    362    5,106 

Restructuring costs

   —    2,359    909    601    3,869 

Amortization of intangible assets

   2,130   2,148    2,148    2,160    8,586 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   26,735   34,018    29,126    29,991    119,870 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense

   7,020   7,114    6,722    6,416    27,272 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   97   2,879    12,560    19,276    34,812 

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

   (184  1,067    4,286    6,766    11,935 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

  $281  $1,812   $8,274   $12,510   $22,877 
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings per share

         

Basic

  $0.01  $0.03   $0.16   $0.24   $0.43 

Diluted

  $0.01  $0.03   $0.16   $0.24   $0.43 

Note 23. Pro forma Earnings per Common Share (unaudited)Subsequent Events

In connection with, and effective immediately prior toOn January 26, 2017, the closingCompany announced the pricing of an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of its common stock, which began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on January 27, 2017. On February 1, 2017, the Company completed the IPO of 12,500,000 shares of common stock at a price of $22.00 per share. The Company received $275.0 million in gross proceeds from the IPO, or approximately $253.6 million in net proceeds after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses related to the IPO. The net proceeds of the IPO were used to pay down the Company’s common stock,existing debt. Immediately prior to closing of the IPO, the Company intends to effect

completed an 80-for-one stock split pursuant to which each shareof its Class A common stock and Class B common stock and reclassified the Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, then held by a holder will be reclassified into 80 shares. The unaudited pro forma earningswhich was the same class as the shares sold in the IPO. All share and per share givesdata have been retroactively restated for all periods presented to give effect to this proposed stock split.

The table below reconcilies basic weighted-average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted average shares outstanding for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 as reported and on a pro forma basis after giving effectExcept for the Company’s 80 for one split of its common shares as ifIPO described above, the split occuredCompany evaluated subsequent events through December 23, 2016, the date on November 1, 2013:which the financial statements were available to be issued.

  As reported  Pro forma 
  Fiscal Year Ended  Fiscal Year Ended 
  October 29,
2016
  October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
  October 29,
2016
  October 31,
2015
  October 31,
2014
 

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding

  644,840    659,517    659,866    51,587,164    52,761,380    52,789,250  

Dilutive stock options

  2,332    720    102    186,521    57,589    8,181  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

  647,172    660,237    659,968    51,773,685    52,818,969    52,797,431  
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

The valuation and qualifying accounts for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

 

  Balance at
Beginning of
Year
   Charge to Costs
and Expenses
 Utilization of
Reserve
   Other, Such as
Rate Changes
or Foreign
Currency
Changes
 Balance at End
of Year
   Balance at
Beginning of
Year
   Charge to Costs
and Expenses
 Utilization of
Reserve
   Other, Such as
Rate Changes
or Foreign
Currency
Changes
 Balance at End
of Year
 

Year ended October 31, 2014

                

Deferred tax valuation allowance

  $800    $—     $—      $(4 $796    $800   $—   $—    $(4 $796 

Year End October 31, 2015

                

Deferred tax valuation allowance

   796     —      —       1   797     796    —    —     1  797 

Year End October 29, 2016

                

Deferred tax valuation allowance

   797     (638)  —      (5 154     797    (638  —     (5 154 

LOGOPART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   July 29,
2017
  October 29,
2016
 

ASSETS

   

Current assets:

   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $14,132  $10,821 

Accounts receivables, net

   243,405   181,239 

Inventories, net

   457,835   325,633 

Other current assets

   14,853   12,037 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total current assets

   730,225   529,730 

Property, plant and equipment, net

   207,634   146,422 

Goodwill

   129,746   84,507 

Intangibles assets, net

   170,517   124,040 

Other long-term assets

   7,960   4,320 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total assets

  $1,246,082  $889,019 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   

Current liabilities:

   

Current portion of long-term debt

  $750  $—   

Accounts payable

   170,199   129,481 

Customer advances

   104,254   87,627 

Accrued warranty

   19,012   22,693 

Other current liabilities

   64,573   91,803 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

   358,788   331,604 

Long-term debt, less current maturities

   299,367   256,040 

Deferred income taxes

   17,105   17,449 

Other long-term liabilities

   23,073   23,710 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

   698,333   628,803 

Contingently redeemable common stock (0 and 1,607,760 shares outstanding, respectively)

   —     22,293 

Commitments and contingencies

   

Shareholders’ Equity:

   

Preferred stock ($.001 par value, 95,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding)

   —     —   

Common stock—Class A ($.001 par value, 46,000,000 shares authorized; 0 and 6,930,720 shares issued and outstanding, respectively (excluding contingently redeemable common stock)

   —     7 

Common stock—Class B ($.001 par value, 43,200,000 shares authorized; 0 and 42,684,320 shares issued and outstanding, respectively)

   —     43 

Common Stock ($.001 par value, 605,000,000 shares authorized; 63,802,795 and 0 shares issued and outstanding, respectively)

   64   —   

Additionalpaid-in capital

   526,883   206,179 

Retained earnings

   20,899   31,655 

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income

   (97  39 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

   547,749   237,923 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  $1,246,082  $889,019 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

   Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
   July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
 

Net sales

  $595,602   $528,238   $1,583,855   $1,381,247 

Cost of sales

   517,597    464,285    1,385,485    1,223,635 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

   78,005    63,953    198,370    157,612 

Operating expenses:

        

Selling, general and administrative

   40,576    35,481    139,678    97,901 

Research and development costs

   1,199    1,330    3,360    3,763 

Restructuring

   2,279    57    3,479    2,807 

Amortization of intangible assets

   5,109    2,505    10,417    6,948 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   49,163    39,373    156,934    111,419 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

   28,842    24,580    41,436    46,193 

Interest expense, net

   4,560    7,364    15,453    20,828 

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

   —      —      11,920    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

   24,282    17,216    14,063    25,365 

Provision for income taxes

   9,091    4,136    5,362    7,254 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

  $15,191   $13,080   $8,701   $18,111 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income per common share:

        

Basic

  $0.24   $0.26   $0.15   $0.35 

Diluted

  $0.23   $0.25   $0.14   $0.35 

Dividends declared per common share

  $0.05   $—     $0.10   $—   

See Notes to Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in thousands)

   Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
   July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
  July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
 

Net income

  $15,191  $13,080  $8,701  $18,111 

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

   (268  (103  (136  (77
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

  $14,923  $12,977  $8,565  $18,034 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)

   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

   

Net income

  $8,701  $18,111 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

   

Depreciation and amortization

   26,811   17,115 

Amortization of deferred financing costs

   1,340   1,697 

Amortization of Senior Note discount

   50   150 

Stock-based compensation expense

   26,131   12,298 

Deferred income taxes

   (5,090  (5,979

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

   11,920   —   

Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment

   (594  (207

Changes in operating assets and liabilities net of effects of business acquisitions:

   

Receivables, net

   (37,012  (32,120

Inventories, net

   (71,171  (40,623

Other current assets

   (2,719  (48

Accounts payable

   7,861   21,169 

Accrued warranty

   (7,125  (3,522

Customer advances

   7,715   (3,951

Other liabilities

   (26,163  6,281 

Long-term assets

   (637  (1,580
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

   (59,982  (11,209

Cash flows from investing activities:

   

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

   (49,891  (19,525

Payments for rental fleet vehicles

   (9,679  (11,041

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

   3,643   1,113 

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired

   (155,142  (31,729

Acquisition of Ancira assets

   —     (6,435
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   (211,069  (67,617

Cash flows from financing activities:

   

Net proceeds from borrowings of revolving credit facility

   146,257   116,919 

Proceeds from Term Loan

   75,000   —   

Payment of dividends

   (3,191  —   

Net proceeds from initial public offering

   253,593   —   

Repayment of debt assumed from acquisition

   —     (3,698

Payment of debt issuance costs

   (6,717  (704

Repayment of long-term debt and capital leases

   (180,000  (179

Senior Note prepayment premium

   (7,650  —   

Redemption of common stock and common stock options

   (3,251  (21,214

Proceeds from exercise of common stock options

   321   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

   274,362   91,124 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

   3,311   12,298 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

   10,821   4,968 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  $14,132  $17,266 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

   

Cash paid for:

   

Interest

  $21,789  $22,329 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income taxes, net of refunds

  $11,545  $5,093 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

See Notes to Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity and Contingently Redeemable Common Stock

(Dollars in thousands)

  Common Stock - Class A  Common Stock - Class B  Common Stock                 Contingently Redeemable
Common Stock
 
  Amount  # Shares  Amount  # Shares  Amount  # Shares  APIC  Retained
Earnings
  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive

Income (loss)
  Total
Equity
     Amount  # Shares 

Balance, October 29, 2016

 $7   6,930,720 Sh.  $43   42,684,320 Sh.  $—     —    $206,179  $31,655  $39  $237,923   $22,293   1,607,760 Sh. 
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net income

         8,701    8,701    

Other comprehensive loss

          (136  (136   

Stock-based compensation expense

        4,948     4,948    

Change in value of contingently redeemable common stock

         (13,078   (13,078   13,078  

Reclassification of contingently redeemable common stock

  2   1,607,760 Sh.       35,369     35,371    (35,371  (1,607,760 Sh.

Reclassification of liability awards

        26,485     26,485    

Net proceeds from initial public offering

      12   12,500,000 Sh.   253,581     253,593    

Reclassification of shares of common stock

  (9  (8,538,480 Sh.  (43  (42,684,320 Sh.  52   51,222,800 Sh.      —      

Exercise of common stock options

      —     80,000 Sh.   321     321    

Dividends declared on common stock

         (6,379   (6,379   

Rounding of partial shares held prior to stock split

       (5 Sh.     —      
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance, July 29, 2017

 $—     —    $—     —    $64  $63,802,795  $526,883  $20,899  $(97 $547,749   $—     —   
 

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

REV Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The condensed unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of REV Group, Inc. (“REV” or “the Company”) and all of its subsidiaries and are prepared in conformity within generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying condensed unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary to present fairly REV’s consolidated financial position as of July 29, 2017, and October 29, 2016, and the consolidated results of operations and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016 and the consolidated cash flows for the nine months then ended. The condensed unaudited consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The condensed unaudited consolidated balance sheet data as of October 29, 2016, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.

During fiscal year 2016, the Company changed its fiscal year end from October 31 of each year to the last Saturday in October of each year going forward.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Initial Public Offering: On January 26, 2017, the Company announced the pricing of an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of its common stock, which began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on January 27, 2017. On February 1, 2017, the Company completed the IPO of 12,500,000 shares of common stock at a price of $22.00 per share. The Company received $275.0 million in gross proceeds from the IPO, or approximately $253.6 million in net proceeds after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses related to the IPO. The net proceeds of the IPO were used to pay down the Company’s existing debt. Immediately prior to closing of the IPO, the Company completed an80-for-one stock split of its Class A common stock and Class B common stock and reclassified the Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, which was the same class as the shares sold in the IPO. All share and per share data have been retroactively restated to give effect to this stock split.

Note 2. Acquisitions

Van-Mor Enterprises Inc. Acquisition

On May 15, 2017, the Company acquired certain real estate assets and operating assets and liabilities ofVan-Mor Enterprises, Inc.(“Van-Mor” and the“Van-Mor Acquisition”).Van-Mor is a supplier of certain materials and components for the Company’s fire apparatus divisions. The purchase price forVan-Mor was $1.6 million, subject to an adjustment based on the level of net working capital at closing, as defined in the purchase agreement. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s cash from operations.Van-Mor is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment.

TheVan-Mor Acquisition will be accounted for as a business acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price will be allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities

assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill.

As of July 29, 2017, the Company has not completed its assessment of the fair value of all acquired assets and liabilities assumed, as well as the completion of the determination of the final purchase price calculation, as defined in the purchase agreement. The Company acquired land and buildings which were valued at approximately $1.2 million as of the closing date, and as this amount represents a significant portion of the purchase consideration, the Company does not anticipate to recognize a material amount of goodwill, if any.

Midwest Automotive Designs Acquisition

On April 13, 2017, the Company acquired certain assets and liabilities of Midwest Automotive Designs (“Midwest” and the “Midwest Acquisition”). Midwest manufactures Class B recreational vehicles (“RVs”) and luxury vans. This acquisition enhances the Company’s product offerings in both its Recreation and Commercial segments, by adding a selection of Class B recreational vehicles and multiple products for the luxury limousine, charter and tour bus markets. The purchase price for Midwest was $35.5 million ($35.5 million net of cash acquired), subject to an adjustment based on the level of net working capital at closing, as defined in the purchase agreement. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. Midwest is reported as part of the Recreation segment. The preliminary purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $13.3 million, which is deductible for income tax purposes.

The Midwest Acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price will be allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill.

As of July 29, 2017, the Company had not completed its assessment of the fair value of all acquired assets and liabilities assumed, as well as the completion of the determination of the final purchase price calculation, as defined in the purchase agreement. The estimated fair values are preliminary and based on the information that was available as of the date of the acquisition.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Midwest (in thousands):

Assets:

  

Cash

  $1 

Accounts receivable, net

   4,390 

Inventories, net

   8,960 

Other current assets

   65 

Property, plant and equipment

   179 

Intangible assets, net

   16,548 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   30,143 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   6,601 

Accrued warranty

   312 

Customer advances

   898 

Other current liabilities

   181 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   7,992 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   22,151 

Consideration Paid

   35,482 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $13,331 
  

 

 

 

Intangible assets acquired as a result of the Midwest Acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Customer relationships (6 year life)

  $12,900 

Order backlog (1 year life)

   548 

Trade names (indefinite life)

   3,100 
  

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

  $16,548 
  

 

 

 

Net sales and operating loss attributable to Midwest were $12.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and net sales and operating income of $13.7 million and $0.1 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information in this report as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2015, since the Midwest Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Ferrara Fire Apparatus Acquisition

On April 25, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the common shares of Ferrara Fire Apparatus, Inc. (“Ferrara” and the “Ferrara Acquisition”). Ferrara is a leading custom fire apparatus and rescue vehicle manufacturer that engineers and manufactures vehicles for municipal and industrial customers. This acquisition enhances the Company’s emergency vehicle product offering, particularly with custom fire apparatus including pumpers, aerials, and industrial vehicles. The purchase price for Ferrara was $100.1 million ($97.1 million net of $3.0 million cash acquired), subject to an adjustment based on the level of net working capital at closing, as defined in the purchase agreement. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. Ferrara is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment. The preliminary purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $27.4 million, which is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The Ferrara Acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price will be allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill.

As of July 29, 2017, the Company had not completed its assessment of the fair value of all acquired assets and liabilities assumed, or of the determination of the final purchase price calculation, as defined in the purchase agreement. The estimated fair values are preliminary and based on the information that was available as of the date of the acquisition.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Ferrara (in thousands):

Assets:

  

Cash

  $3,013 

Accounts receivable, net

   19,042 

Inventories, net

   38,182 

Other current assets

   360 

Property, plant and equipment

   13,898 

Other long-term assets

   76 

Intangible assets, net

   32,250 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   106,821 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   17,042 

Accrued warranty

   2,621 

Customer advances

   7,740 

Deferred income taxes

   4,639 

Other current liabilities

   2,102 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   34,144 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   72,677 

Consideration Paid

   100,113 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $27,436 
  

 

 

 

Intangible assets acquired as a result of the Ferrara Acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Customer relationships (12 year life)

  $14,080 

Order backlog (1 year life)

   3,030 

Non-compete agreements (4 year life)

   1,530 

Trade names (indefinite life)

   13,610 
  

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

  $32,250 
  

 

 

 

Net sales and operating loss attributable to Ferrara were $30.7 million and ($0.8) million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and $31.8 million and ($0.8) million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information in this report as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2015, since the Ferrara Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Renegade RV Acquisition

On December 30, 2016, the Company acquired 100% of the common shares of Kibbi, LLC, which operated as Renegade RV (“Renegade” and the “Renegade Acquisition”). Renegade is a leading manufacturer of Class C and “Super C” RVs and heavy-duty special application trailers. The purchase price for Renegade was $22.5 million ($21.0 million net of $1.6 million cash acquired), which included a $0.3 million payment to Renegade’s sellers based on the level of net working capital on the acquisition date. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. Renegade is reported as part of the Recreation segment. The preliminary purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $3.4 million, which is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The Renegade Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill.

As of July 29, 2017, the Company had not completed its assessment of the fair value of all acquired assets and liabilities assumed, or of the determination of the final purchase price calculation, as defined in the purchase agreement. The estimated fair values are preliminary and based on the information that was available as of the date of the acquisition.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Renegade (in thousands):

Assets:

  

Cash

  $1,597 

Accounts receivable, net

   2,334 

Inventories, net

   14,322 

Other current assets

   131 

Property, plant and equipment

   892 

Intangible assets, net

   6,400 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   25,676 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   4,231 

Accrued warranty

   390 

Customer advances

   272 

Other current liabilities

   1,035 

Deferred income taxes

   524 

Other long-term liabilities

   65 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   6,517 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   19,159 

Consideration Paid

   22,549 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $3,390 
  

 

 

 

Intangible assets acquired as a result of the Renegade Acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Customer relationships (6 year life)

  $4,100 

Order backlog (1 year life)

   700 

Trade names (indefinite life)

   1,600 
  

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

  $6,400 
  

 

 

 

Net sales and operating income attributable to Renegade were $26.7 million and $1.7 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and $53.2 million and $2.6 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information in this report as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2015, since the Renegade Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Kovatch Mobile Equipment Acquisition

On April 22, 2016, the Company acquired certain real estate assets and 100% of the common shares of Kovatch Mobile Equipment Corp. (“KME” and the “KME Acquisition”). KME produces a broad portfolio of customized specialty fire apparatus vehicles, and markets them to fire-rescue, military, aviation, and industrial customers globally. The KME Acquisition strengthened the Company’s share in the emergency vehicle market by expanding the Company’s fire apparatus product portfolio. The purchase price for KME was $39.6 million ($30.1 million net of $9.5 million cash acquired), which included a $0.5 million payment to the Seller based on

the level of net working capital and debt at closing. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. KME is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment. The purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $2.4 million, which is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The KME Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. Fair value measurements have been applied based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing of the asset or liability.

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for KME (in thousands):

Assets:

  

Cash

  $9,490 

Receivables, net

   11,850 

Inventories, net

   67,439 

Deferred income taxes

   1,454 

Other current assets

   1,580 

Property, plant and equipment

   15,332 

Intangible assets, net

   10,950 

Other long-term assets

   22 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   118,117 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   13,834 

Customer advances

   43,438 

Accrued warranty

   14,357 

Other current liabilities

   9,282 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   80,911 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   37,206 

Consideration Paid

   39,602 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $2,396 
  

 

 

 

Intangible assets acquired as a result of the KME Acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Customer relationships (9 year life)

  $8,550 

Trade names (indefinite life)

   2,400 
  

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

  $10,950 
  

 

 

 

Net sales and operating income attributable to KME were $42.4 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and $122.6 million and $2.7 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, respectively. The Company has not included pro forma financial information in this report as if the acquisition had occurred on November 1, 2015, since the KME Acquisition did not meet the materiality requirement for such disclosure.

Hall-Mark Fire Apparatus Acquisition

On November 20, 2015, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Hall-Mark Fire Apparatus Inc. (“Hall-Mark” and the “Hall-Mark Acquisition”). The Hall-Mark acquisition provides the Company with the opportunity to expand its parts and service offerings to its customers. The purchase price was

$3.0 million in cash with $2.0 million paid at closing and a total of $1.0 million payable in quarterly installments over the next five years. Additionally, the Company assumed $3.7 million of Hall-Mark’s debt, offset by $0.4 million of cash acquired. The net cash consideration paid at closing was funded through the Company’s ABL Facility. Hall-Mark is reported as part of the Fire & Emergency segment. The purchase price allocation resulted in goodwill of $0.4 million, which is deductible for income tax purposes.

The Hall-Mark Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated purchase price recorded as goodwill. Fair value measurements have been applied based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing of the asset or liability.

The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Hall-Mark (in thousands):

Assets:

  

Cash

  $385 

Accounts receivable

   3,135 

Inventories

   2,718 

Prepaids & other assets

   3,493 

Property, plant and equipment

   191 

Trade names

   870 

Customer relationships

   750 

Order backlog

   220 

Non-compete Agreements

   530 
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

   12,292 

Liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   891 

Other current liabilities

   226 

Customer deposits

   4,845 

Debt

   3,698 
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

   9,660 
  

 

 

 

Net Assets Acquired

   2,632 

Consideration Paid

   3,000 
  

 

 

 

Goodwill

  $368 
  

 

 

 

The Hall-Mark trade names will be amortized over five years, customer relationships will be amortized over nine years,non-compete agreements will be amortized over six years and the order backlog was amortized over aone-year period.

Ancira Acquisition

On December 14, 2015, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire the land, building, and inventory of a recreational vehicle dealer in Texas (“Ancira” and the “Ancira Acquisition”). The purchase price for the Ancira Acquisition was $20.0 million.

Since the Company only acquired assets from Ancira, and did not acquire any ongoing business processes, namely the dealer license, the Ancira Acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition, and accordingly, the total purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired based on their relative fair value. No intangible assets were acquired or recognized as a result of the Ancira Acquisition.

The following table summarizes the allocated cost of the assets acquired in the Ancira Acquisition (in thousands):

Inventory

  $13,541 

Land & land improvements

   1,400 

Building & improvements

   4,849 

Machinery & equipment

   186 
  

 

 

 

Total purchase price

  $19,976 
  

 

 

 

Note 3. Inventories

Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following (in thousands):

   July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016 

Chassis

  $44,846   $35,227 

Raw materials

   157,299    112,423 

Work in process

   194,999    128,145 

Finished products

   69,793    59,179 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   466,937    334,974 

Less: reserves

   (9,102   (9,341
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total inventories, net

  $457,835   $325,633 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 4. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

   July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016 

Land & land improvements

  $19,494   $16,247 

Buildings & improvements

   102,240    85,779 

Machinery & equipment

   92,969    73,087 

Office furniture, fixtures and computer hardware & software

   30,011    9,009 

Construction in process

   40,143    23,445 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   284,857    207,567 

Less: accumulated depreciation

   (77,223   (61,145
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total property, plant and equipment, net

  $207,634   $146,422 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation expense was $6.4 million and $4.4 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively, and $16.4 million and $10.2 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively.

Note 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The table below represents goodwill by segment (in thousands):

   July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016 

Fire & Emergency

  $84,375   $55,857 

Commercial

   28,650    28,650 

Recreation

   16,721    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total goodwill

  $129,746   $84,507 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The change in the net carrying value amount of goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016 

Balance at beginning of period

  $84,507   $82,825 

Activity during the year:

    

Activity from prior year acquisitions

   1,082    —   

Activity from current year acquisitions

   44,157    1,770 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $129,746   $84,595 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Weighted-Average Life   July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016 

Finite-lived intangible assets:

      

Technology-related

   7.0   $1,657   $724 

Customer relationships

   8.0    110,554    79,172 

Order backlog

   1.0    4,498    220 

Non-compete agreements

   5.0    2,060    530 

Trade names

   7.0    3,477    3,477 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
     122,246    84,123 

Less: accumulated amortization

     (57,802   (47,846
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
     64,444    36,277 

Indefinite-lived trade names

     106,073    87,763 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total intangible assets, net

    $170,517   $124,040 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Amortization expense was $5.1 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively, and $10.4 million and $6.9 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively.

Note 6. Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

   July 29, 2017   October 29, 2016 

Payroll and related benefits and taxes

  $29,434   $27,775 

Incentive compensation

   4,570    11,715 

Customer sales program

   4,359    3,549 

Restructuring costs

   1,275    359 

Interest payable

   1,757    9,444 

Income taxes payable

   6,027    8,716 

Stock options

   —      9,117 

Dividends payable

   3,190    —   

Other

   13,961    21,128 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other current liabilities

  $64,573   $91,803 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 7. Long-Term Debt

The Company was obligated under the following debt instruments (in thousands):

   July 29, 2017  October 29, 2016 

Senior secured facility:

   

Senior secured notes, net of debt discount ($0 and $455) and debt issuance costs ($0 and $3,505)

  $—    $176,040 

ABL Facility

   227,000   80,000 

Term Loan, net of debt issuance costs ($1,883 and $0)

   73,117   —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 
   300,117   256,040 

Less: current maturities

   (750  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Long-term debt, less current maturities

  $299,367  $256,040 
  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Senior Secured Notes

On October 21, 2013, the Company issued (the “Offering”) $200.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 8.5% Senior Secured Notes (the “Notes”). The net proceeds from the Offering, together with net proceeds from the Company’s ABL Facility (defined below), were used to finance the acquisition of the commercial bus business of Thor Industries, Inc. in fiscal year 2013 and to repay all outstanding debt existing at the time of the Offering.

The Notes were to mature on November 1, 2019. Interest accrued on the Notes at the rate of 8.5% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 each year.

The Notes were guaranteed by all direct and indirect wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of the Company that guarantee debt under the Company’s previous ABL Facility described below. The Notes were secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the guarantors’ assets other than accounts receivable and inventory, and related assets, pledged under the Company’s previous ABL Facility. The Notes were also secured by a second priority lien on substantially all of the collateral under the Company’s previous ABL Facility. The Notes were effectively subordinated to debt incurred under the Company’s previous ABL Facility, or other permitted debt facilities and obligations, as defined, to the extent of the value of the assets securing the Company’s previous ABL Facility.

On October 17, 2016, the Company completed an open market purchase of $20.0 million of its outstanding Notes, which were subsequently cancelled. The Company paid a premium of $0.4 million and accrued interest of $0.8 million as of the date of the purchase.

On or after November 1, of the years below, the Company was allowed to redeem all or a part of the Notes at the redemption prices set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes redeemed, to the applicable redemption date:

104.250% (Year 2016)

102.125% (Year 2017)

100.000% (Year 2018 and thereafter)

The Notes were issued with an applicable original issue discount (“OID”) of $1.2 million. The Company also incurred $9.0 million in associated debt issuance costs.

On January 17, 2017, the Company issued a Notice of Conditional Redemption, subject to the completion of the Company’s IPO, to redeem all the outstanding Notes at a redemption price of 104.250% plus accrued and unpaid interest. On February 16, 2017, the Company redeemed all Notes, which were outstanding as of that date, and retired the debt. As a result of this redemption, the Company recorded a $11.2 million loss associated with the early extinguishment of the debt, which consisted of a prepayment premium of $7.7 million, $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.4 million of original issue discount.

Term Loan

Effective April 25, 2017, the Company entered into a $75.0 million term loan agreement (“Term Loan” and “Term Loan Agreement”), as Borrower with certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantor Subsidiaries. Principal may be prepaid at any time during the term of the Term Loan without penalty. The Company incurred $2.0 million of debt issuance costs related to the Term Loan.

The Term Loan Agreement allows for incremental facilities in an aggregate amount of up to $125.0 million. Any such incremental facilities are subject to receiving additional commitments from lenders and certain other customary conditions. The Term Loan agreement requires annual payments of $0.8 million per year, with remaining principle payable at maturity, which is April 25, 2022.

Applicable interest rate margins for the Term Loan are initially 2.50% for base rate loans and 3.50% for Eurodollar rate loans (with the Eurodollar rate having a floor of 1.00%). Interest is payable quarterly for all base rate loans, and is payable monthly or quarterly for all Eurodollar rate loans.

The Company may voluntarily prepay principal, in whole or in part, at any time, without penalty. Beginning in fiscal 2018, the Company is obligated to prepay certain minimum amounts based on the Company’s excess cash flow, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan is also subject to mandatory prepayment if the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries receives proceeds from certain events, including certain asset sales and casualty events, and the issuance of certain debt and equity interests.

The Term Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, in each case, subject to customary limitations, exceptions and exclusions. The Term Loan Agreement also contains certain customary events of default. The Term Loan Agreement requires the Company to maintain a specified secured leverage ratio as follows:

Through July 31, 2018

4.00 to 1.00

Through July 31, 2019

3.75 to 1.00

Through July 31, 2020

3.50 to 1.00

Through July 31, 2021

3.25 to 1.00

Through April 25, 2022

3.00 to 1.00

The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Term Loan as of July 29, 2017.

April 2017 ABL Facility

Effective April 25, 2017, the Company entered into a $350.0 million revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the “April 2017 ABL Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The April 2017 ABL Facility consists of: (i) Revolving Loans, (ii) Swing Line Loans, and (iii) Letters of Credit, aggregating up to a combined maximum of $350.0 million. The total amount borrowed under the April 2017 ABL Facility is subject to a $30.0 million sublimit for Swing Line loans and a $35.0 million sublimit for Letters of Credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the ABL Agreement. The Company incurred $4.7 million of debt issuance costs related to the April 2017 ABL Facility.

The April 2017 ABL Facility allows for incremental borrowing capacity in an aggregate amount of up to $100.0 million, plus the excess, if any, of the borrowing base then in effect over total commitments then in effect. Any such incremental borrowing capacity is subject to receiving additional commitments from lenders and certain other customary conditions. The April 2017 ABL Facility matures on April 25, 2022.

Revolving Loans under the April 2017 ABL Facility bear interest at rates equal to, at the Company’s option, either a base rate plus an applicable margin, or a Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin. Applicable interest rate margins are initially 0.75% for all base rate loans and 1.75% for all Eurodollar rate loans (with the Eurodollar rate having a floor of 0%), subject to adjustment based on utilization in accordance with the ABL Agreement. Interest is payable quarterly for all base rate loans, and is payable monthly or quarterly for all Eurodollar rate loans.

The lenders under the April 2017 ABL Facility have a first priority security interest in substantially all accounts receivable and inventory of the Company, and a second priority security interest in substantially all other assets of the Company.

The Company may prepay principal, in whole or in part, at any time without penalty.

The April 2017 ABL Facility contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, subject in certain cases to customary limitations, exceptions and exclusions. The April 2017 ABL Facility also contains certain customary events of default, which should such events occur, could result in the termination of the commitments under the April 2017 ABL Facility and the acceleration of all outstanding borrowings under it. The April 2017 ABL Facility contains a financial covenant restricting the Company from allowing its fixed charge coverage ratio to drop below 1.00 to 1.00 during a compliance period, which is triggered when the availability under the April 2017 ABL Facility falls below a threshold set forth in the credit agreement.

The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the April 2017 ABL Facility as of July 29, 2017.

October 2013 ABL Facility

Effective October 21, 2013, the Company entered into a $150.0 million senior secured revolving credit and guaranty agreement (the Asset Based Lending “ABL” or the “ABL Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The ABL Facility consists of: (i) Revolving Loans, (ii) Swing Line Loans, and (iii) Letters of Credit, aggregating up to a combined maximum of $150.0 million. The total amount borrowed was subject to a $15.0 million sublimit for Swing Line Loans, and a $25.0 million sublimit for Letters of Credit, along with certain borrowing base and other customary restrictions as defined in the agreement. The Company incurred $3.5 million of debt issuance costs related to the ABL Facility.

On April 22, 2016, the Company exercised its $50.0 million Incremental Commitment option under the ABL Facility in conjunction with the KME Acquisition, which increased the borrowing capacity under the ABL Facility to $200.0 million at that time. All other terms and conditions remain unchanged.

On August 19, 2016, the Company amended the ABL Facility to add an Incremental Commitment option of $100.0 million (the “August 2016 Amendment”), and on that date exercised the Incremental Commitment option. The August 2016 Amendment increased the borrowing capacity under the ABL Facility to $300.0 million. All other terms and conditions remained unchanged.

On April 25, 2017, the Company repaid all outstanding loans and obligations under the ABL Facility in full, and the ABL Facility was terminated. In connection with the termination of the ABL Facility, the Company recorded a $0.7 million loss on early extinguishment of debt, which consisted entirely of thewrite-off of unamortized debt issuance costs.

All outstanding principal on the ABL Facility was due and payable on the maturity date of October 21, 2018, unless as otherwise amended per the terms of the agreement. Principal could be repaid at any time during the term of the ABL Facility without penalty. The lenders held a first priority security interest in essentially all accounts receivable and inventory of the Company, and a second priority security interest in all other assets of the Company. All obligations under the ABL Facility were effectively subordinate to other debt to the extent of the value of collateral other than accounts receivable and inventory.

Revolving Loans under the ABL Facility bore interest at rates equal to, at the Company’s option, either a Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin, or a Eurodollar Rate plus an Applicable Margin. Swing Line Loans under the ABL Facility bore interest at a rate equal to a Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin. Applicable Margins were initially set at 0.75% for Base Rate loans and Swing Line Loans, and 1.75% for Eurodollar loans, and were subject to subsequent adjustment as defined in the agreement. Interest was payable quarterly for all loans in which a Base Rate is applied, and was payable either monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually for all loans in which a Eurodollar Rate was applied.

Note 8. Warranties

The Company’s products generally carry explicit warranties that extend from several months to several years, based on terms that are generally accepted in the marketplace. Selected components (such as engines, transmissions, tires, etc.) included in the Company’s end products may include warranties from original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”). These OEM warranties are passed on to the end customer of the Company’s products, and the customer deals directly with the applicable OEM for any issues encountered on those components.

Changes in the Company’s warranty liability consisted of the following (in thousands):

   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29,
2017
   July 30,
2016
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $38,808   $28,453 

Warranty provisions

   21,534    18,615 

Settlements made

   (25,925   (22,252

Warranties for current year acquisitions

   3,317    14,357 

Changes in liability ofpre-existing warranties

   (2,655   115 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

  $35,079   $39,288 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accrued warranty is classified in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

   July 29,
2017
   October 29,
2016
 

Current liabilities

  $19,012   $22,693 

Other long-term liabilities

   16,067    16,115 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total warranty liability

  $35,079   $38,808 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Provisions for estimated warranty and other related costs are recorded at the time of sale and are periodically adjusted to reflect actual experience. Certain warranty and other related claims involve matters of dispute that ultimately are resolved by negotiation, arbitration or litigation. At times, warranty issues arise that are beyond the scope of the Company’s historical experience. The potential liability for these issues is evaluated on a case by case basis.

Note 9. Employee Benefit Plan

The Company has a defined contribution 401(k) plan covering substantially all of its employees. The plan allows employees to defer up to 100% of their employment income (subject to annual contribution limits imposed by the I.R.S.) after all taxes and applicable benefit deductions. Each employee who elects to participate is eligible to receive Company matching contributions that are based on employee contributions to the plans, subject to certain limitations. Amounts expensed for the Company’s matching and discretionary contributions were $2.1 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively, and $5.8 million and $4.6 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively.

Note 10. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Cash Flow Hedges: The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risk related to cash flows, partially managed by using derivative instruments, is foreign currency exchange rate risk. Forward contracts on various foreign currencies are entered into to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk on the collection of receivables denominated in foreign currencies. These derivatives typically require the exchange of a foreign currency for U.S. dollars at a fixed rate at a future date.

To protect against the reduction in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from export sales, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of its receivables denominated in foreign currencies with forward contracts. When the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, decreased foreign currency payments are offset by gains in the value of the forward contracts. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies, increased foreign currency payments are offset by losses in the value of the forward contracts.

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The Company generally hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for a maximum of 12 to 18 months.

The ineffective portion of cash flow hedges, which is the remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any, or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, is recognized immediately during the current period as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of income.

A net amount of $0.1 million recorded as loss in accumulated other comprehensive income is expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next 12 months. The Company had forward foreign exchange contracts with a gross notional value of $11.3 million and $5.2 million as of July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, respectively, designated as cash flow hedges.

Note 11. Shareholders’ Equity

Prior to the IPO, the Company’s certificate of incorporation allowed for the issuance of up to 46,000,000 Class A common shares and for the issuance of up to 43,200,000 Class B common shares. Concurrent with the closing of the Company’s IPO, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to provide for the automatic reclassification of its Class A common stock and Class B common stock into a single class of common stock, of which 605,000,000 shares are designated as common stock, and 95,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock and to effect an80-for-one stock split.

Shareholder Rights: Prior to the Company’s IPO completed on February 1, 2017, all current shareholders of the Company were a party to the Amended Shareholders Agreement (the “Shareholders Agreement”) which governed the shareholders’ voting rights, right to transfer securities, rights in the event of a sale of the Company or other liquidity event and other special approval rights. Under the terms of the Shareholders Agreement, the Company was required (at the shareholder’s option) or had the option to purchase the shareholder’s common stock upon termination, disability, death or retirement if the shareholder was an employee. If an employee shareholder was terminated for cause or the employee shareholder departed for any reason other than death, disability or retirement, the purchase price of the common stock was the lesser of termination book value or cost. In the case of termination for any other reason and in the case of death, disability or retirement, the purchase price was a price per share equal to the fair market value as determined by the Company’s board of directors. In connection with the IPO, the Company entered into an amended and restated shareholders agreement with certain shareholders. The amended and restated shareholders agreement became effective upon completion of the IPO and replaced the Shareholders Agreement that was in effect immediately prior to the IPO.

Note 12. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding including shares of contingently redeemable common stock. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding assuming dilution. The difference between basic EPS and diluted EPS is the result of the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock units. The table below reconciles basic weighted-average common shares

outstanding to diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016:

   Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016 

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding

   63,769,388    51,269,600    59,617,447    51,706,320 

Dilutive stock options

   1,751,220    231,840    1,670,652    426,400 

Dilutive restricted stock units

   8,083    —      13,137    —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding

   65,528,691    51,501,440    61,301,236    52,132,720 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The table below represents exclusions from the calculation of weighted-average shares outstanding assuming dilution due to the anti-dilutive effect of the common stock equivalents for the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016:    

   Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended 
   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016   July 29, 2017   July 30, 2016 

Anti-Dilutive Stock Options

   —      1,128,000    —      1,260,000 

Anti-Dilutive Restricted Stock Units

   —      —      —      —   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Anti-Dilutive Common Stock Equivalents

   —      1,128,000    —      1,260,000 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 13. Contingently Redeemable Common Stock

Prior to the Company’s IPO, shares of common stock held by employees were eligible to be put to the Company in accordance with the Shareholders Agreement if certain criteria (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement) were met and the former employee or his or her beneficiaries exercised the option to put the shares to the Company in accordance with the Shareholders Agreement. As these provisions were not certain of being met, the shares of common stock held by employees were considered contingently redeemable common stock and recorded as temporary equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet until the shares of common stock were eitherre-purchased by the Company or the put option expired. The put option expired 90 or 180 days after termination of employment, depending on the nature of the termination or upon the sale of the Company or an initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The value of these shares of common stock was presented at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Prior to the Company’s IPO, the fair value of the Company’s common stock was calculated by estimating the Company’s enterprise value by applying an earnings multiple to the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA over the previous 12 months, and deducting outstanding net debt.

When a put option was exercised or expired, the shares werere-measured at fair value on that date and reclassified from temporary equity to shareholders’ equity. Changes in the fair value of the contingently redeemable shares of common stock were recorded in retained earnings.

In connection with the IPO, the put option of employee-owned shares of common stock was eliminated, resulting in the reclassification of $35.4 million to additionalpaid-in capital and 1,607,760 contingently redeemable shares to common shares outstanding.

Note 14. Stock Compensation

In April 2010, the Company’s board of directors approved the Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”). Under the 2010 Plan, key employees, including employees who may also be directors or officers of the Company, outside directors, key consultants and key contractors of the Company may be granted incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, and other share-based awards. The 2010 Plan

provides for the granting of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at not less than the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. Stock options terminate not more than ten years from the date of grant. The 2010 Plan allows acceleration of options upon certain events. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock options, nonvested restricted stock and performance share awards over the requisite service period for vesting of the award, or to an employee’s eligible retirement date, if earlier and applicable. An aggregate of 8,000,000 shares were reserved for future awards under the 2010 Plan. At July 29, 2017, the Company had 4,449,176 remaining shares available for issuance under the 2010 Plan. With the approval of the 2016 Plan (defined below), the Company will no longer issue share-based awards under the 2010 Plan.

In January 2017, the Company’s board of directors approved the REV Group, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). Under the 2016 Plan, key employees, including employees who may also be directors or officers of the Company, outside directors, key consultants and key contractors of the Company may be granted incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, and other share-based awards. The 2016 Plan provides for the granting of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at not less than the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. Stock options terminate not more than ten years from the date of grant. The 2016 Plan allows acceleration of share awards upon certain events. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock options, nonvested restricted stock and performance share awards over the requisite service period for vesting of the award, or to an employee’s eligible retirement date, if earlier and applicable. An aggregate of 8,000,000 shares were reserved for future awards under the 2016 Plan. At July 29, 2017, the Company had 7,881,835 remaining shares available for issuance under the 2016 Plan.

During the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.3 million and $26.1 million, respectively, compared to $1.1 million and $12.3 million for the three and nine months ended July 30, 2016, respectively, as selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

Stock Option Awards: Stock options granted have a term of up to 10 years from the grant date. The vesting of these options are either immediate, upon a triggering event or over a period of time. Exercisability of the triggering event options is contingent upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company, or in certain of the option grants, an initial public offering. The Company estimates the fair value of all stock option awards on the grant date by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model. The application of this valuation model involves assumptions that are highly subjective, judgmental and sensitive in the determination of stock compensation cost. As a result of the Company’s IPO in January 2017, 1.2 million of equity stock options immediately vested. The Company recorded stock compensation expense of $4.4 million resulting from the vesting of these stock options. As of July 29, 2017, the Company could potentially recognize $0.5 million of stock compensation expense if certain performance targets were met or were expected by management to be achieved. As of July 29, 2017, the Company had $1.9 million of unrecognized stock compensation expense related to time based vesting stock options.

During the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017, the Company recorded stock compensation expense of zero and $3.3 million, respectively, to redeem performance based stock options. During the three and nine months ended July 30, 2016, the Company recorded stock compensation expense of $0.3 million and $10.2 million, respectively, to redeem performance based stock options. The amount paid per share to redeem these stock options was equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of redemption less the stock option exercise price.

As of July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, there were zero and 1,664,000 stock options outstanding, respectively, which were considered liability share awards as the underlying shares were eligible to be sold back to the Company as a result of put rights in the Shareholders Agreement, within a period of time which would not subject the shareholder to the risks and rewards of share ownership for a reasonable period of time. The fair value of the liability share awards was $0 and $9.1 million at July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, respectively. Concurrent with the Company’s IPO, the Company’s Shareholders Agreement was terminated, and as such the

put rights from that agreement were no longer available to the Company’s shareholders. As such, the fair value of vested outstanding liability share awards were reclassified to additionalpaid-in capital during the first quarter of 2017. In addition, upon completion of the Company’s IPO, 1,528,000 of outstanding liability option awards were vested. The vested portion of these outstanding options wasre-measured at fair value based upon the $22.00 per share price of the Company’s IPO. The accelerated vesting of the liability awards and remeasurement of the liability to the $22.00 per share price resulted in additional stock compensation expense of $16.2 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. The fair value of the liability share awards was $26.5 million on the date of the Company’s IPO.

Restricted Stock Units Awards: The Company has granted restricted stock units to certain employees andnon-employee directors. During the second quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company granted 48,364 restricted stock units that will convert to common stock upon vesting. All restricted stock units granted during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 will vest based on the passage of time. The Company granted 43,575 units that will vest over four years for employees and 4,789 that will vest over one year for certain employees andnon-employee directors. During the third quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company granted 73,101 restricted stock units that will convert to common stock upon vesting. All restricted stock units granted during the third quarter of fiscal 2017 will be vested based upon the achievement of certain performance measures in fiscal 2018 through fiscal 2020. The fair value of these awards was determined based on the stock price as of the date of the grant. As the performance-based restricted stock units are subject to vesting provisions based on operating income metrics the achievement of which have not been determined yet, those performance stock units are not included in the table below. These metrics will be established after the end of the current fiscal year.

The unvested restricted stock units granted under the 2016 Plan have the right to accrue dividends, but not the right to vote. Dividends are paid in accordance with vesting of the associated restricted stock units. All of the unvested restricted stock units granted under the 2016 Plan vest upon the termination of participants in certain situations and following certain changes of control of the Company.

The change in the number of restricted stock units outstanding consisted of the following:

   Restricted Stock
Units Outstanding
   Weighted-average
grant date fair
value per unit
 

Outstanding, October 29, 2016

   —      —   

Granted

   48,364   $25.06 

Vested

   —      —   

Cancelled/Expired

   (3,300   25.00 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Outstanding, July 29, 2017

   45,064   $25.06 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 15. Restructuring Charges

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company restructured some of its management functions in the Fire & Emergency segment and initiated the relocation of its Corporate office from Orlando, Florida to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Company recognized $2.8 million of costs associated with thisre-organization and office relocation, which included severance, lease termination and other associated expenses. At July 29, 2017, all of the restructuring costs were paid.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, the Company implemented a strategic plan to relocate production of Goshen buses to its Salina, KS and Imlay City, MI facilities. Accordingly, $2.0 million of the costs associated with the relocation, including but not limited to personnel costs, severance and bonuses were recorded during the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and $0.7 million of such costs were recognized in fiscal year 2016. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $0.1 million of the restructuring costs remained unpaid.

In the third quarter of 2017, the Company restructured some of its management functions in its Commercial segment and in its Corporate office, and incurred personnel costs, including severance, vacation and other employee benefit payments of approximately $1.5 million. At July 29, 2017, a balance of $1.1 million of the restructuring costs remained unpaid.

A summary of the changes in the Company’s restructuring liability is as follows (in thousands):

   2016
Companywide
   Goshen
Bus
   2017
Restructuring
   Total 

Balance at October 29, 2016

  $567   $314   $—     $881 

Expenses Incurred

   —      1,996    1,483    3,479 

Amounts Paid

   (567   (2,184   (334   (3,085
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at July 29, 2017

  $—     $126   $1,149   $1,275 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Note 16. Income Taxes

For interim financial reporting, the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate based on the projected income for its entire fiscal year and records a provision (benefit) for income taxes on a quarterly basis based on the estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for any discrete tax items.

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 38.1% and 28.6% for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively. The increase in the Company’s effective income tax rate for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 relative to the prior year relates primarily to a discrete adjustment to deferred income tax balances in the prior year. The effective income tax rate for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 as compared to the U.S. statutory income tax rate was favorably impacted by income tax incentives for U.S. manufacturing and research activities and negatively impacted by nondeductible business acquisition costs.

The Company periodically evaluates its valuation allowance requirements in light of changing facts and circumstances, and may adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowances accordingly. It is reasonably possible that the Company will either add to, or reverse a portion of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will be reflected in the current operations through the Company’s effective income tax rate. During the three and nine months ended July 29, 2017, there were no changes to the Company’s valuation allowances.

The Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including interest and penalties, was $2.9 million as of July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, respectively, and is included in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that $1.1 million of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the annual effective income tax rate. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in its consolidated statement of income.

The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from examinations to determine the adequacy of its tax reserves. As of July 29, 2017, the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the tax positions it has taken will be sustained upon the resolution of its audits resulting in no material impact on its consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows. However, the final determination with respect to any tax audits, and any related litigation, could be materially different from the Company’s estimates and/or from its historical income tax provisions and income tax liabilities and could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments related to income tax examinations.

Note 17. Commitments and Contingencies

Market Risks: The Company is contingently liable under bid, performance and specialty bonds and has open standby letters of credit issued by the Company’s banks in favor of third parties as follows (in thousands):

   July 29,
2017
   October 29,
2016
 

Performance, bid and specialty bonds

  $273,850   $156,972 

Open standby letters of credit

   7,131    6,151 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $280,981   $163,123 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Chassis Contingent Liabilities: The Company obtains certain vehicle chassis from automobile manufacturers under converter pool agreements. These agreements generally provide that the manufacturer will supply chassis at the Company’s various production facilities under the terms and conditions set forth in the agreement. The manufacturer does not transfer the certificate of origin to the Company and, accordingly, the chassis are treated as consigned inventory of the automobile manufacturer. Upon being put into production, the Company becomes obligated to pay the manufacturer for the chassis. Chassis are typically converted and delivered to customers within 90 to 120 days of receipt. If the chassis are not converted within this timeframe of delivery, the Company generally purchases the chassis and records the inventory or the Company is obligated to begin paying an interest charge on this inventory until purchased. The Company’s contingent liability under such agreements for future chassis inventory purchases was $75.6 million and $77.6 million at July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, respectively.

Repurchase Commitments: The Company has entered into repurchase agreements with certain lending institutions. The repurchase commitments are on an individual unit basis with a term from the date it is financed by the lending institution through payment date by the dealer or other customer, generally not exceeding two years. The Company’s outstanding obligations under such agreements were $225.0 million and $213.7 million as of July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016, respectively. This value represents the gross value of all vehicles under repurchase agreements and does not take into consideration proceeds that would be received upon resale of repossessed vehicles, which would be used to reduce the Company’s ultimate net liability. Such agreements are customary in the industries in which the Company operates and the Company’s exposure to loss under such agreements is limited by the potential loss on the resale value of the inventory which is required to be repurchased. Losses incurred under such arrangements have not been significant and the Company expects this pattern to continue into the future. The reserve for losses included in other liabilities on contracts outstanding at July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016 is immaterial.

Guarantee Arrangements: The Company is party to multiple agreements whereby it guarantees indebtedness of others, including losses under loss pool agreements. The Company estimated that its maximum loss exposure under these contracts was $0.6 million at July 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016. Under the terms of these and various related agreements and upon the occurrence of certain events, the Company generally has the ability to, among other things, take possession of the underlying collateral. If the financial condition of the customers and/or dealers were to deteriorate and result in their inability to make payments, then additional accruals may be required. While the Company does not expect to experience losses under these agreements that are materially in excess of the amounts reserved, it cannot provide any assurance that the financial condition of the third parties will not deteriorate resulting in the third party’s inability to meet their obligations.

In the event that this occurs, the Company cannot guarantee that the collateral underlying the agreements will be available or sufficient to avoid losses materially in excess of the amounts reserved. Any losses under these guarantees would generally be mitigated by the value of any underlying collateral, including financed equipment, and are generally subject to the finance company’s ability to provide the Company clear title to foreclosed equipment and other conditions. During periods of economic weakness, collateral values generally decline and can contribute to higher exposure to losses.

Other Matters: The Company is subject to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the final results of all such matters and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the ultimate resolution of all such matters and claims will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Actual results could vary, among other things, due to the uncertainties involved in litigation.

Note 18. Related Party Transactions

During the three months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, the Company reimbursed expenses of its primary equity holder in the amount of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively. During the nine months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, the Company reimbursed expenses in the amount of $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively. These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

Certain production facilities and offices for two of the Company’s subsidiaries are leased from related parties owned by certain members of management. Rent expense under these arrangements totaled $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively. Rent expense under these arrangements totaled $0.5 million and $0.4 million for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively.

The Company engages with an information technology, software and consulting company (the “IT Consulting Company”) in which the Company’s CEO has a material equity interest. The IT Consulting Company provides software development and installation to the Company. The Company made payments of $1.3 million and $1.1 million during the three months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively, and $2.7 million and $2.4 million during the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively, to the IT Consulting Company. The amounts paid to the IT Consulting Company include payments which are made to another unrelated consulting company. Excluding the payments to this unrelated consulting company, the payments made to the IT Consulting Company were $0.5 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended July 29, 2017, and July 30, 2016, respectively, and $1.1 million and $1.0 million during the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, respectively. The Company’s CEO has recused himself from receiving any direct economic benefit from the payments made to the IT Consulting Company for the services rendered to the Company.

Note 19. Business Segment Information

The Company is organized into three reportable segments based on management’s process for making operating decisions, allocating capital and measuring performance, and based on the similarity of products, customers served, common use of facilities, and economic characteristics. The Company’s segments are as follows:

Fire & Emergency: This segment includes KME,E-One, Inc., Ferrara, American Emergency Vehicles, Inc., Leader Emergency Vehicles, Inc., Horton Enterprises, Inc. and Wheeled Coach, Inc. These business units manufacture and market commercial and custom fire and emergency vehicles primarily for fire departments, airports, other governmental units, contractors, hospitals and other care providers in the United States and other countries.

Commercial: This segment includes Collins Bus, Champion Bus, Inc., Goshen Coach, Inc., ENC, ElDorado National (Kansas), Inc., Eldorado Mobility, Capacity andLay-Mor. Collins Bus manufactures, markets and distributes school buses, normally referred to as Type A school buses, as well as shuttle buses used for churches, transit authorities, hotels and resorts, retirement centers and other similar uses. Champion Bus, Inc., Goshen Coach, Inc., ENC, ElDorado National (Kansas), Inc. and Eldorado Mobility, Inc. manufacture, market and distribute shuttle buses and mobility vans for transit, airport car rental and hotel/motel shuttles, tour and charter operations and other uses under several well-established brand names. Capacity manufactures, markets and distributes trucks used in terminal type operations, i.e., rail yards, warehouses, rail terminals and shipping

terminals/ports.Lay-Mor manufactures, markets and distributes industrial sweepers for both the commercial and rental markets.

Recreation: This segment includes REV Recreation Group, Inc. (“RRG”), Goldshield Fiberglass, Inc. (“Goldshield”), Renegade and Midwest, and their respective manufacturing facilities, service and parts divisions. RRG primarily manufactures, markets and distributes Class A and Class C mobile RVs in both gas and diesel models. Renegade primarily manufacturers Class C and Super C RVs and heavy-duty special application trailers. Goldshield manufactures, markets and distributes fiberglass reinforced molded parts to a diverse cross section of OEM and other commercial and industrial customers, including various components for RRG, which is one of Goldshield’s primary customers. Midwest manufactures Class B RVs and luxury vans.

In considering the financial performance of the business, the chief operating decision maker analyzes the primary financial performance measure of Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income for the relevant period before depreciation and amortization, interest expense and provision for income taxes, as adjusted for transaction expenses, sponsor expenses, restructuring costs, loss on early extinguishment of debt, and stock based compensation, which the Company believes are not indicative of the Company’s ongoing operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure defined by U.S. GAAP, but is computed using amounts that are determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. A reconciliation of this performance measure to income before provision for income taxes is included below.

The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors and used by management for measuring profitability because the measure excludes the impact of certain items which management believes has less bearing on the Company’s core operating performance. The Company believes that utilizing Adjusted EBITDA allows for a more meaningful comparison of operating fundamentals between companies within the Company’s industry by eliminating the impact of capital structure and taxation differences between the companies.

The Company also adjusts for exceptional items which are determined to be those that in management’s judgment need to be disclosed by virtue of their size, nature or incidence, which includenon-cash items and items settled in cash. In determining whether an event or transaction is exceptional, management considers quantitative as well as qualitative factors such as the frequency or predictability of occurrence. This is consistent with the way that financial performance is measured by management and reported to our Board of Directors, assists in providing a meaningful analysis of the Company’s operating performance and used as a measurement in incentive compensation for management.

For purposes of measuring performance of its business segments, the Company does not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of a corporate nature. The caption “Corporate and Other” includes corporate office expenses, results of insignificant operations, intersegment eliminations and income and expense not allocated to reportable segments.

Identifiable assets of the business segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, certain property, plant and equipment and certain other assets pertaining to corporate and other centralized activities.

Intersegment sales generally include amounts invoiced by a segment for work performed for another segment. Amounts are based on actual work performed and agreed-upon pricing which is intended to be reflective of the contribution made by the supplying business segment. All intersegment transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Selected financial information of the Company’s segments for the three months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, is as follows (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended July 29, 2017 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $262,092   $154,421   $177,874   $1,215  $595,602 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—     $256   $3,184   $(3,440 $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $4,549   $2,363   $3,468   $1,158  $11,538 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $1,483   $6,493   $1,700   $2,172  $11,848 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $625,686   $272,603   $253,235   $94,558  $1,246,082 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $29,076   $12,872   $11,650   $(8,129 

   Three Months Ended July 30, 2016 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $218,144   $182,946   $127,148   $—    $528,238 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—     $—     $2,814   $(2,814 $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $2,760   $1,970   $1,617   $509  $6,856 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $2,725   $925   $7,540   $2,810  $14,000 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $458,393   $269,643   $164,319   $38,648  $931,003 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $19,075   $17,090   $5,843   $(8,545 

Selected financial information of the Company’s segments for the nine months ended July 29, 2017 and July 30, 2016, is as follows (in thousands):

   Nine Months Ended July 29, 2017 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $666,465   $444,166   $470,917   $2,307  $1,583,855 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—     $3,236   $9,666   $(12,902 $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $10,178   $6,041   $8,223   $2,369  $26,811 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $9,053   $8,564   $3,860   $28,414  $49,891 
  

��

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $625,686   $272,603   $253,235   $94,558  $1,246,082 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $70,188   $35,708   $21,714   $(23,470 

   Nine Months Ended July 30, 2016 
   Fire &
Emergency
   Commercial   Recreation   Corporate
and Other
  Consolidated 

Sales:

         

Net Sales—External Customers

  $523,969   $499,760   $357,518   $—    $1,381,247 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Net Sales—Intersegment

  $—     $—     $8,186   $(8,186 $—   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

  $6,639   $6,051   $3,295   $1,130  $17,115 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Capital expenditures

  $6,634   $1,670   $2,661   $8,560  $19,525 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Identifiable assets

  $458,393   $269,643   $164,319   $38,648  $931,003 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $55,859   $37,268   $6,854   $(19,140 

Provided below is a reconciliation of segment Adjusted EBITDA to net income before provision for income taxes (in thousands):

   Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
   July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
  July 29,
2017
  July 30,
2016
 

Fire & Emergency Adjusted EBITDA

  $29,076  $19,075  $70,188  $55,859 

Commercial Adjusted EBITDA

   12,872   17,090   35,708   37,268 

Recreation Adjusted EBITDA

   11,650   5,843   21,714   6,854 

Corporate and Other Adjusted EBITDA

   (8,129  (8,545  (23,470  (19,140

Depreciation and amortization

   (11,538  (6,856  (26,811  (17,115

Interest expense, net

   (4,560  (7,364  (15,453  (20,828

Transaction expenses

   (503  (196  (2,742  (1,581

Sponsor expenses

   (80  (25  (418  (150

Restructuring costs

   (2,279  (57  (3,479  (2,807

Stock-based compensation expense

   (314  (1,052  (26,131  (12,298

Non-cash purchase accounting

   (1,913  (697  (3,123  (697

Loss on early extinguishment of debt

   —     —     (11,920  —   
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes

  $24,282  $17,216  $14,063  $25,365 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Note 20. Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income includes all changes in equity during a period except those that resulted from investments by or distributions to the Company’s shareholders. Other comprehensive income or loss refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are included in comprehensive income, but excluded from net income as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity.

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in thousands):

   Nine Months Ended July 30, 2016 
   Increase
(Decrease)

in Fair Value of
Derivatives
  Other  Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 

Balance at October 31, 2015

  $58  $(84 $(26

Changes

   (261  184   (77
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Balance at July 30, 2016

  $(203 $100  $(103
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

   Nine Months Ended July 29, 2017 
   Decrease
in Fair Value of
Derivatives
  Translation
Adjustment
   Other   Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (loss)
 

Balance at October 29, 2016

  $(20 $2   $57   $39 

Changes

   (448  142    170    (136
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at July 29, 2017

  $(468 $144   $227   $(97
  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

LOGO


 

 

12,500,00010,000,000 Shares

REV Group, Inc.

Common Stock

 

 

LOGO

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

Morgan Stanley

Baird

Credit Suisse

BMO Capital Markets

Credit Suisse

Deutsche Bank Securities

Jefferies

Wells Fargo Securities

Stifel

SunTrust Robinson Humphrey

 

 

                    , 2017

 

 

 


PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13.Other expenses of issuance and distribution

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses other than the underwriting discount, payable by the registrant in connection with the sale of common stock being registered. All amounts are estimates except for the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee and the NYSE listing fee.

 

Item

  Amount to be paid   Amount to be paid 

SEC registration fee

  $34,987    $41,249 

FINRA filing fee

   45,781     51,198 

NYSE listing fee

   25,000  

Blue sky fees and expenses

   15,000     25,000 

Printing and engraving expenses

   300,000     75,000 

Legal fees and expenses

   1,250,000     350,000 

Accounting fees and expenses

   400,000     75,000 

Transfer Agent fees and expenses

   3,500     5,000 

Miscellaneous expenses

   50,000     5,000 
  

 

   

 

 

Total

   2,124,268    $627,447 
  

 

   

 

 

 

Item 14.Indemnification of directors and officers

Section 102(b)(7) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or the DGCL, enables a corporation to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director for violations of the director’s fiduciary duty, except (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) for liability of directors for unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchase or redemptions pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL or (iv) for any transaction from which a director derived an improper personal benefit. Our certificate of incorporation includes a provision that eliminates the personal liability of directors for monetary damages for actions taken as a director to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL.

Section 145(a) of the DGCL provides in relevant part that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another entity, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not, of itself, create a presumption that such person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

Section 145(b) of the DGCL provides in relevant part that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of

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another entity, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in

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connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. Our certificate of incorporation also provides that the indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to the certificate of incorporation, are not exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or otherwise. Section 145(f) of the DGCL further provides that a right to indemnification or to advancement of expenses arising under a provision of the certificate of incorporation shall not be eliminated or impaired by an amendment to such provision after the occurrence of the act or omission which is the subject of the civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification or advancement of expenses is sought.

We have also entered into indemnification agreements with certain of our directors and officers. Such agreements generally provide for indemnification by reason of being our director or officer, as the case may be. These agreements are in addition to the indemnification provided by our certificate of incorporation and bylaws.

The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated, under certain circumstances, to indemnify our directors, officers and controlling persons against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Please refer to the form of underwriting agreement filed as Exhibit 1.1 hereto.

We also maintain officers’ and directors’ liability insurance that insures against liabilities that our officers and directors may incur in such capacities. Section 145(g) of the DGCL provides that a corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another entity, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under that section.

 

Item 15.Recent sales of unregistered securities

In the three years preceding the filing of this registration statement, the Registrant issued the following securities that were not registered under the Securities Act.

In fiscal year 2015, the Registrant sold 390,320 shares of common stock to certain of its directors and employees for aggregate consideration of approximately $2.0 million.

In fiscal year 2014, the Registrant sold 497,200 shares of common stock to one of its executive officers for aggregate consideration of $2.5 million.

In fiscal year 2016, the Registrant granted to its employees and consultants, an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares in connection with the exercise of options granted under its equity compensation plans, at exercise prices ranging from $7.44 to $8.11 per share.

In fiscal year 2015, the Registrant granted to its employees and consultants, an aggregate of 368,000 shares in connection with the exercise of options granted under its equity compensation plans, at exercise prices ranging from $5.43 to $7.44 per share.

 

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In fiscal year 2014, the Registrant granted to its employees and consultants options to purchase an aggregate of 2,236,000 shares under its equity compensation plans at exercise prices ranging from $4.43 to $5.03 per share.

Option grants and the issuances of common stock upon exercise of such options were exempt pursuant to Rule 701 and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

 

Item 16.Exhibits and financial statement schedules

 

(a)Exhibits

See Exhibit Index followingprior to the signature page.

 

(b)Financial statement schedules

See the Index to the Combined Financial Statements and the related notes thereto.

 

Item 17.Undertakings

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) That for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(2) That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) to include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

(4) For the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated

II-3


or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(5) The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i)Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii)Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii)The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv)Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(6) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit

number

Description of exhibit

1.1Form of Underwriting Agreement
3.1*Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
3.2*Amended and Restated Bylaws
5.1Opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP
10.1**Form of Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement
10.2***Revolving Credit and Guaranty Agreement, by and among the Company, as Borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantor Subsidiaries, Ally Bank, as Administrative Agent and Ally Bank and BMO Harris Bank N.A., asCo-Collateral Agents, and certain other lenders and agents party thereto, dated April 25, 2017.
10.3***Term Loan and Guaranty Agreement, by and among the Company, as Borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Company, as Guarantor Subsidiaries, Ally Bank, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, and certain other lenders and agents party thereto, dated April 25, 2017.
10.4**Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan
10.5**Form of Directors and Executive Officer Indemnification Agreement
10.6**Form of Registration Rights Agreement
10.7**Form of Stock Option Award Agreement pursuant to the Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan
10.8**Offer Letter, dated July 9, 2014, between American Industrial Partners and Timothy W. Sullivan
10.9**Offer Letter, dated December 21, 2015, between the Registrant and Dean Nolden
10.10**Offer Letter, dated October 9, 2014, between Allied Specialty Vehicles and Marcus Berto
10.11**Offer Letter, dated February 5, 2016, between the Registrant and Thomas B. Phillips
10.12**Offer Letter, dated February 5, 2016, between the Registrant and Barbara H. Stephens
10.13**Offer Letter, dated April 25, 2014, between Allied Specialty Vehicles and James McGinn
10.14**Transition and Consultancy Agreement, dated January 26, 2016, between the Registrant and James McGinn
10.15**Professional Services Agreement, dated October 10, 2016, between the Registrant and R. Eugene Goodson
10.16**REV Group, Inc. Cash Incentive Plan
10.17**REV Group, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan
10.18**Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under REV Group, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan
10.19**REV Group, Inc.Non-Employee Directors Compensation
23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
23.2Consent of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
24.1Power of Attorney (included on signature page)
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Definition Linkbase Document

*Incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 28, 2017 (file no.001-37999), as filed on March 7, 2017
**Incorporated by reference to the Company’s registration statement on FormS-1 (file no.333-214209)
***Incorporated by reference to the Company’s current report on Form8-K dated as of April 25, 2017 (file no.001-37999)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin on January 17,October 10, 2017.

 

REV Group, Inc.
By: 

/s/ Tim Sullivan

Name: 

Tim Sullivan

 Director and Chief Executive Officer

***

The undersigned directors and officers of REV Group, Inc. hereby appoint each of Dean Nolden and Pamela Krop, asattorneys-in-fact for the undersigned, with full power of substitution for, and in the name, place and stead of the undersigned, to sign and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) and exhibits to this registration statement on FormS-1 (or any other registration statement for the same offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933) and any and all applications and other documents to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pertaining to the registration of the securities covered hereby, with full power and authority to do and perform any and all acts and things whatsoever requisite and necessary or desirable, hereby ratifying and confirming all that saidattorney-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature  Title Date

 /s//s/ Tim Sullivan

Tim Sullivan

  

Director and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

 January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Dean Nolden

Dean Nolden

  

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Paul Bamatter

Paul Bamatter

  Director January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Jean Marie “John” Canan

Jean Marie “John” Canan

  Director January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Dino Cusumano

Dino Cusumano

  Director January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Charles Dutil

Charles Dutil

  Director January 17,October 10, 2017

 */s/ Justin Fish

Justin Fish

  Director January 17, 2017

 *

Kim Marvin

DirectorJanuary 17, 2017

 *

Joel Rotroff

DirectorJanuary 17,October 10, 2017

 

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Signature  Title Date

 */s/ Kim Marvin

Kim Marvin

DirectorOctober 10, 2017

/s/ Joel Rotroff

Joel Rotroff

DirectorOctober 10, 2017

/s/ Donn Viola

Donn Viola

  Director January 17,October 10, 2017

By:/s/ Pamela S. Krop

Pamela S. Krop

Attorney-in-Fact

 

II-6


EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit

number

Description of exhibit

  1.1**Form of Underwriting Agreement
  3.1**

Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be in effect prior to the

consummation of the offering made under this Registration Statement

  3.2**Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws to be in effect prior to the consummation of the offering made under this Registration Statement
  4.1**Indenture dated October 21, 2013 among the Registrant, the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
  5.1Opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP
10.1**Form of Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement
10.2**Revolving Credit and Guaranty Agreement dated as of October 21, 2013 among the Registrant and the guarantors and lenders thereto
10.3**Amendment No. 1 dated August 19, 2016 to the Revolving Credit and Guaranty Agreement dated as of October 21, 2013 among the Registrant and the guarantors and lenders thereto
10.4**Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan
10.5**Form of Directors and Executive Officer Indemnification Agreement
10.6**Form of Registration Rights Agreement
10.7**Form of Stock Option Award Agreement pursuant to the Allied Specialty Vehicles, Inc. 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan
10.8**Offer Letter, dated July 9, 2014, between American Industrial Partners and Timothy W. Sullivan
10.9**Offer Letter, dated December 21, 2015, between the Registrant and Dean Nolden
10.10**Offer Letter, dated October 9, 2014, between Allied Specialty Vehicles and Marcus Berto
10.11**Offer Letter, dated February 5, 2016, between the Registrant and Thomas B. Phillips
10.12**Offer Letter, dated February 5, 2016, between the Registrant and Barbara H. Stephens
10.13**Offer Letter, dated April 25, 2014, between Allied Specialty Vehicles and James McGinn
10.14**Transition and Consultancy Agreement, dated January 26, 2016, between the Registrant and James McGinn
10.15**Professional Services Agreement, dated October 10, 2016, between the Registrant and R. Eugene Goodson
10.16**REV Group, Inc. Cash Incentive Plan
10.17REV Group, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan
10.18**Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under REV Group, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan
10.19**REV Group, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Compensation
23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
23.2Consent of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
24.1**Power of Attorney

**Previously filed.