c
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 28,October 15, 2021.
Registration No. 333-259635
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 13
to
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Enfusion, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware | 7372 | 87-1268462 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of | (Primary Standard Industrial | (I.R.S. Employer |
125 South Clark Street, Suite 750
Chicago, IL 60603
Tel: (312) 253-9800
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including
Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
Thomas Kim
Chief Executive Officer
125 South Clark Street, Suite 750
Chicago, IL 60603
(312) 253-9800
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of agent for service)
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Copies to: | ||
Gregg L. Katz, Esq. | Blake Nielsen, Esq. | Deanna Kirkpatrick, Esq. New York, NY 10017 (212) 450-4000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:
As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box: ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☐ | Emerging growth company ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of each Class of Securities to be Registered | Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(1)(2) | Amount of Registration Fee(3) | Amount to Be Registered(1) | | Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(2)(3) | Amount of Registration Fee(4) |
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | $100,000,000 | $10,910.00 | ||||
Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share | 21,562,500 | $17.00 | 366,562,500 | $33,980.35 |
(1) |
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(2) | Includes the aggregate offering price of additional shares that the underwriters have the option to purchase, if any. |
(3) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended |
(4) | The registrant previously paid |
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the selling stockholders may sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and neither we nor the selling stockholders are soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED ,OCTOBER 15, 2021
18,750,000 Shares
Enfusion, Inc.
Class A Common Stockcommon stock
This is the initial public offering of Enfusion, Inc. We are offering 15,322,660 shares of our Class A common stock. The selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are offering 3,427,340 shares of Class A common stock. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. It is currently estimated that the initial public offering price per share will be between $$15.00 and $ .$17.00. We intendhave applied to list our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ENFN.”
We will have two classes of common stock outstanding after this offering: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Each share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will entitle its holder to one vote on all matters presented to our stockholders generally. All of our Class B common stock will be held by the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders (defined below), on a one-to-one basis with the number of Common Units (defined below) that they own. Immediately following the completion of this offering, our Principal Stockholders (defined below) will beneficially own approximately %83.4% of the combined voting power of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock, and our Class A stockholders and Class B stockholders will control approximately %56.7% and %43.3% of the voting power of our capital stock, respectively.
This offering is being conducted through what is commonly referred to as an “Up-C” structure, which is often used by partnerships and limited liability companies undertaking an initial public offering. The Up-C approach provides the pre-IPO ownersPre-IPO Common Unitholders with the tax treatment of continuing to own interests in a pass-through structure and provides potential future tax benefits for both the public company and the pre-IPO ownersPre-IPO Common Unitholders when they ultimately exchange their pass-through interests for shares of Class A common stock. Enfusion, Inc. is a holding company, and immediately after the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and this offering, its principal asset will be its direct and/or indirect ownership interests in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, which we refer to as “Common Units.” We conduct our business directly and/or indirectly through Enfusion Ltd. LLC and its subsidiaries. See “Organizational Structure.” Upon the completion of this offering, Enfusion, Inc. and the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders will hold %directly and/or indirectly 56.7% and %,43.3%, respectively (or %58.0% and %,42.0%, respectively, if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock) of Enfusion Ltd. LLC.
We and the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders will also enter into an Amended and Restated Operating Agreement under which they (or certain permitted transferees) will have the right (subject to the terms of this agreement) to exchange their Common Units for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of 11,312,500 shares ($170.1 million) to acquire an equivalent number of newly-issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC, as described under “Organizational Structure—Reorganization Transactions,” which Enfusion Ltd. LLC will in turn use to repay outstanding indebtedness under our credit facility totaling approximately $$98.8 million in aggregate principal amount, to satisfy approximately $14.8 million of tax withholding obligations for federal payroll taxes arising with respect to equity award issuances, and approximately $$56.5 million for general corporate purposes and to bear all of the expenses of this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.” Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of million4,010,160 shares ($60.3 million) (or million5,526,607 shares and $$83.1 million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock) to purchase an equivalent aggregate number of Common Units from our pre-IPO owners,Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, as described under “Organizational Structure—Reorganization Transactions.”
We are an “emerging growth company” under the federal securities laws and, as such, we have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings.
See the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 17 to read about factors you should consider before buying shares of our Class A common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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| | Per Share | | Total | ||
Initial public offering price | | $ | | | $ | |
Underwriting discount(1) | | $ | | | $ | |
Proceeds, before expenses, to Enfusion, Inc. | | $ | | | $ | |
Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling stockholders | | $ | | | $ | |
(1) See the section titled “Underwriting” for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.
To the extent that the underwriters sell more than 18,750,000 shares of our Class A common stock, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to an additional 2,812,500 shares of Class A common stock from Enfusion, Inc. and the selling stockholders at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus.
Prior to the date hereof, certain funds and accounts managed by entities affiliated with Dragoneer Investment Group, LLC, and certain entities affiliated with ICONIQ Capital, LLC, or collectively, the cornerstone investors, have indicated an interest in purchasing an aggregate of up to 20% of the offering in shares of our Class A common stock at the initial public offering price. Because this indication of interest is not a binding agreement or commitment to purchase, the cornerstone investors could determine to purchase more, less, or no shares in this offering or the underwriters could determine to sell more, less, or no shares to any of the cornerstone investors. The underwriters will receive the same discount on any of our shares of Class A common stock purchased by the cornerstone investors as they will from any other shares of Class A common stock sold to the public in this offering.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of our Class A common stock against payment in New York, New York on , 2021.
Morgan Stanley | | Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC | |
BofA Securities | | Credit Suisse | |
Piper Sandler | Stifel | William Blair | |
| Loop Capital Markets | |
, 2021
OVERVIEW
Enfusion is a flexible, modern
framework for investment management
operations.
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It is one front-to-back system with Middle- and back-office managed | |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2 |
ENFUSION
We simplify and unify the
investment management lifecycle
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We manage | | | |
Fills | | | |
Orders | | | |
Reconciliations | | | |
Allocated Trades | | | |
Reporting | | | |
Statements | | | |
| …empowering teams to | | ||||
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| CFO | COO | CIO | Portfolio | Analysts | |
| Traders | Compliance | Investor | Middle | Back | |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 |
ENFUSION
Purposefully designed,
end-to-end Enfusion solution
Mission critical systems integrated with a suite of technology
powered services
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| Portfolio Management System | |
| Live details of portfolio positions Real-time Investment | |
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| | Order Execution |
Analytics | | |
Connected in real-time with our PMS Comprehensive client data insights to | | |
| | Electronically communicate Systemically enforce |
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One Single |
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Accounting / | | |
Double-entry ledger Complete, real-time | | |
| | Technology-Powered |
| | Expert teams empowered Front-, middle- and |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 4 |
BY THE NUMBERS
Enfusion at a glance.
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| SCALE $108MM Month Ended June 2021 ARR | | GROWTH 37% 2019-2020 ARR growth |
| PREDICTABLE 98% Subscription driven recurring revenue1 | | CAPTIVE 120% 2020 Net dollar retention2 |
| REACH 635 Global clients3 | | MOMENTUM 266 New clients signed since Jan 20203 |
| HIGH RETENTION 5.2% 2020 revenue churn | | STICKY 0.9% 2020 adjusted revenue churn2 |
| EFFICIENT 32% 2020 adjusted EBITDA margin | | PROFITABLE 5% 2020 net income margin |
| 1 Represents platform subscriptions and managed services revenue for 2020. 2 Excludes involuntary cancellations. 3 As of 30-Jun-2021. |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 5 |
CLIENT TESTIMONIALS
How the best get even better.
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Using one vendor for both software and outsourced services has | |||
| Ian Malloch, COO, One River | | |
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| With a track record of more than 15 Guillaume Detrait, | | One of the things that seems to me that’s obvious about selecting a partner is you want to select based on their ability to meet your immediate needs today, but also their ability to evolve with you for the next 20 years. Enfusion is that partner for asset managers. Don Putnam, |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6 |
CLIENT TESTIMONIALS
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Implementing Enfusion at our launch in 2016 set us up for operational success. Their fully-integrated and automated platform has played a key role in maintaining efficiency from front to back office. Enfusion is not only our service provider, they also feel like a partner in our business. | |||
| Carol Hu, COO, Platina Capital Management | ||
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| It is no doubt that Enfusion uplifts our efficiency on a certain scale. We are a small fund house. A stable and sound system serves as a great foundation for our operation without too many human resources. As a COO, customized report exporting is what I highly need. Enfusion’s system allows amazingly high flexibility in customized report settings; I can easily generate the reports with the PC team’s support. Gordon Lau, COO, | | Everything we need in one system. At the end of the day, it allows us to maintain an operational process that is integrated, easy, and efficient. By choosing Enfusion, we wanted to send a message to the street that we were institutionalized from the very beginning. Brian Kessler, |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 7 |
ENFUSION CULTURE
Mavericks welcome
Enfusion was founded by people with the vision to uncover a new way forward, and the courage to bring it to life—which are the same qualities we prize in our employees today.
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 8 |
ENFUSION CORE VALUES
Fully invested in our
clients’ success.
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Client first | Service-focused and client-centric, our approach has always been: think about clients’ needs, work with their ideas, and welcome their feedback. | |
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Drive for results | We strive each day to provide our clients best-in-class technology and services that create tangible results—and exceed expectations. | |
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Ownership | Our employees expect excellence out of themselves and see the success of the company as their own success. | |
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Innovate and simplify | We are FinTech leaders who drive the industry forward with creative and innovative solutions | |
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Collaborate | The success of our company is the result of our collective contributions. Our diverse talents and experiences motivate us to achieve more. |
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 |
EMPLOYEE VALUE PROPOSITION
As a part of Enfusion, our employees are contributing to an important chapter in the history of investment and operational technology for the investment management industry. Line by line, call by call, ticket by ticket, we help our clients thrive by solving the industry’s most demanding challenges—through the power of a fundamentally new approach to Software-as-a-Service.
VALUE PILLARS
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Meaningful | Meritocracy | Professional | |
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Principled | Inspiring | ||
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PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ©2021 ENFUSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 10 |
Prospectus
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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F-1 |
Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor any of the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any other information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectuses we have prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor any of the underwriters take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our Class A common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since such date.
For investors outside of the United States: Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor any of the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of our Class A common stock, and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.
i
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
Financial Statement Presentation
Following this offering, Enfusion Ltd. LLC will be the predecessor of Enfusion, Inc. for financial reporting purposes. Immediately following this offering, Enfusion, Inc. will be a holding company, and its sole material asset will be a controlling equity interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, held indirectly through three newly-formed wholly-owned subsidiaries. Through its control over the managing member of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, Enfusion, Inc. will operate and control all of the business and affairs of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, have the obligation to absorb losses and receive benefits from Enfusion Ltd. LLC and, through Enfusion Ltd. LLC and its subsidiaries, conduct our business. The Reorganization Transactions (as defined below) will be accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of Enfusion, Inc. will recognize the assets and liabilities received in the Reorganization Transactions at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. Enfusion, Inc. will consolidate Enfusion Ltd. LLC on its consolidated financial statements and record a non-controlling interest related to the Common Units (as defined below) held by our pre-IPO owners on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations. See “Organizational Structure.”
Certain Definitions
As used in this prospectus, unless otherwise noted or the context requires otherwise:
● | “Blocker Companies” refer to certain entities that are taxable as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which the Pre-IPO Shareholders hold interests, as described under “Organizational Structure—Blocker Restructuring.” |
● | “Enfusion,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer (1) prior to the consummation of the offering described herein to Enfusion Ltd. LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and its consolidated subsidiaries and (2) after the consummation of this offering to Enfusion, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. |
● | “Common Units” refers to the new class of units of Enfusion Ltd. LLC created by the Reclassification as described under “Organizational Structure”. |
● | “pre-IPO owners” refer to the equity holders who are the owners of Enfusion Ltd. LLC immediately prior to the Reorganization Transactions. |
● | “Pre-IPO Shareholders” refer to pre-IPO owners that will receive shares of Class A common stock of Enfusion, Inc. pursuant to the Blocker Restructuring as defined and described in “Organizational Structure—Blocker Restructuring.” |
● | “Pre-IPO Common Unitholders” refer to pre-IPO owners that will hold Common Units following the reclassification of our capital structure as described under “Organizational Structure.” |
● | “Principal Stockholders” refer to our directors, executive officers and each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities immediately prior to the offering, as described under “Principal and Selling Stockholders.” |
● | “Reclassification” refers to the reclassification of the LLC interests of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, as described in “Summary—Organizational Structure.” |
● | “Reorganization Transactions” refers to the reclassification of the LLC interests of Enfusion Ltd. LLC and certain related transactions, as defined in “Organizational Structure—Reclassification and Amendment and Restatement of the Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC.” |
Unless indicated otherwise, the information included in this prospectus assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional 2,812,500 shares of Class A common stock from us.us and the selling stockholders.
ii
LETTER FROM OUR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
Our journey began more than 24 years ago when two Chicago-based software developers started a financial technology consultancy business following years working in technology at large hedge funds. They saw first-hand how cumbersome and inefficient financial technology could be, with fragmented systems, disparate workflows and patched-together platforms leaking and underutilizing critical data for the business. They were determined to make it better and teamed up with a third financial technology-experienced software developer to start building a new technology solution that could be institutionalized across investment managers regardless of size, strategy or geography.
Enfusion’s co-founders knew that the future of financial technology needed to be driven by clients’ business and operational imperatives and that it needed to be designed for simplicity, scale and organization-wide user experience. More importantly, they knew that the solution had to be flexible to evolve with investment managers over time and not just solve the pervasive pain points at that time. Their foresight to build a solution that was natively in the cloud, years before cloud computing was widely adopted in the industry, underlies our competitive advantage today of a flexible solution, faster implementations and frequent upgrades when other solution providers are struggling with the limitations and inefficiencies migrating from on-premise installations to the cloud. Over the years, their vision materialized into what is today the Enfusion multi-tenant, cloud-native front-to-back solution, globally serving 635 investment management clients.
Since 2006 when we launched our flagship product, we have achieved multiple key milestones on our path to becoming a preeminent, global financial technology software business, expanding beyond our Chicago headquarters to open an office in New York in 2009 followed by offices in London in 2014, Dublin in 2017 and four offices across APAC in the last three years. By the end of 2014, Enfusion reached 93 clients and 36 employees and just over six years later, we have 635 clients and 639 employees globally as of June 30, 2021. Along the way, we innovated Enfusion’s product offering by launching an Order and Execution Management System in 2014, our technology-powered services offering in 2015, enhanced visual analytics capabilities in 2018, and market data and new mobile productivity and a broader content solution in 2021 catered to the work-from-anywhere workforce.
Enfusion has always been driven by a committed focus towards building the next generation solution that expands the capabilities of investment managers to seamlessly manage their businesses. Since inception, we have stayed true to our vision and our client centric focus, working closely with clients to always learn more about their pain points and reflect their needs in our evolving solution. We have consistently partnered with them to innovate our solution to address their biggest technological issues directly. This mentality remains strong in our organization with now a team of 639 innovative technologists, developers, financial experts, service professionals and corporate support operating from our global campus with a culture centered in meritocracy and constantly thinking outside the box to generate new ideas no matter their rank. Our mantra will always be to innovate, build, manage, code, fix, create, rethink, analyze, solve and grow excellently in everything that we do.
To this day, we remain invigorated and humbled by the idea that we are helping to solve investment managers’ most complex and evolving business and operational challenges, which in turn impacts investors and the capital markets globally. We carry the responsibility for our clients to be in a constant state of innovation always tethered to their day-to-day problems and business goals they are aiming to achieve. In doing so, we represent a new paradigm for investment management operations – truly focusing on transforming the way the industry thinks of technology—as a partner and asset. Looking at the path ahead, I am excited by the reality that Enfusion and the solution that we provide are significantly more valuable and critical to our clients today than on the day we were founded. I joined Enfusion as CEO in March of 2020; right as our world was about to be thrust into the throes of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the unprecedented challenges that COVID-19 has presented to the world, we rallied together and as a testament to the value our solution and our global team provides, we continued to have record numbers of wins, signing 266 new investment management clients since the beginning of 2020.
As the industry faces an inflection point where technology must continue to adapt for a new, more flexible working world, we will continue to lean into our heritage as a company that has always created technologies designed to help our clients scale and make better investment decisions, faster and in real time. Our foresight of building software-as-a-service, or SaaS, software, specifically in the cloud underpinned by one consistent and unified data set across the client’s organization, has put us in an advantageous position – providing years of compounding enhancements driven by client insights and lessons learned at a time that cloud computing is being widely adopted as our founders envisioned over 20 years ago.
iii
The opportunity for Enfusion has never been greater, and I am honored to say that our team has never been more united around our goal of solving the most challenging problems facing investment managers through innovation and a fresh perspective. As a result of pursuing that goal, we take great responsibility in being recognized as a leader for investment management systems and services. Even though our company’s story is 24 years in the making, we are only getting started in our focus to help transform the investment management industry.
iii
We hope that you share our excitement, and we would love for you to join the next chapter in our journey.
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| Sincerely, |
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| Thomas Kim |
| Chief Executive Officer |
| Enfusion, Inc. |
iv
This summary highlights information contained in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our Class A common stock, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto and the information set forth under the sections titled “Risk Factors,” “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in each case included in this prospectus. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Enfusion,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to Enfusion, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Our mission is to help solve investment managers’ evolving business and operational challenges through next-generation technology.
Our Company
Enfusion is a global, high-growth software-as-a-service, or SaaS, provider focused on transforming the investment management industry. Our solution is designed to eliminate technology and information barriers, empowering investment managers to confidently make and execute better-informed investment decisions in real time. We simplify investment and operational workflows by unifying mission-critical systems and coalescing data into a single dataset resulting in a single source of truth. This allows stakeholders throughout the entire client organization to interact more effectively with one another across the investment management lifecycle.
We believe, by means of our purposefully-designed interconnected systems underpinned by one dataset, we are the only solution that allows clients to see and interact with all parts of the investment management lifecycle ranging from portfolio construction, trading, risk management, accounting and operations through to investor reporting seamlessly in real time, in one screen, in one solution. As a result, our solution enables clients to better align teams, optimizing their investment decision-making, operations and technology footprint and lowering operating costs. By harnessing the efficiencies, agility and scale inherent to our cloud-native, multi-tenant software that is integrated with a suite of technology-powered services, we believe we have created the industry’s most compelling investment management solution, capable of shaping and addressing evolving demands of the global investment management landscape.
Existing solutions in the investment management technology industry include a patchwork of “task specific” point solutions from disparate vendors, technology stitched together through acquisitions, internally-developed technology and cost-prohibitive solutions accessible only to the largest investment managers. Where available solutions are cloud-enabled, many were originally designed for on-premises installations and subsequently individually migrated to the cloud via discrete code streams, retaining single-tenant infrastructure limitations that require changes to be made for each client individually instead of delivering changes to all clients simultaneously and leading to laborious and costly maintenance and difficult security requirements. As a result, many investment managers spend considerable time and resources managing legacy, stitched together, or disparate systems, fragmented data, complex communication networks and cumbersome workflows. Designed for the cloud from inception, Enfusion provides a flexible and simplified end-to-end alternative that allows investment managers to focus their time and resources on investment performance. This enables us to build long-term partnerships with our clients, offering a solution that is not only tailored to meet their business needs today, but has the depth and breadth of capability to support them as they grow or enter new markets or asset classes.
Our cloud-native, multi-tenant solution provides:
1
Enfusion’s comprehensive solution cohesively addresses the core components of the investment lifecycle. Our portfolio management system gives clients the ability to construct and analyze portfolios and performance metrics with granularity, enabling better-informed investment decision-making. Once trade decisions are made, clients use our combined order and execution management systems to obtain market insights, run compliance checks and send electronic trade orders directly to executing brokers and exchanges. When orders are executed, execution data flows back to our solution and instantly feeds our systems, including our accounting system, enabling clients to produce a full set of financial statements in real time. The data also feeds our extensive reporting and analytics capabilities, allowing stakeholders across client organizations, including executive management, investment teams, operational support, compliance and investor relations to obtain differentiating insights into their investment activities and better analyze investment performance. The purposefully-designed interconnectedness of our systems removes the need for manual data processing and validating across workflows. Coupled with market data and aggregated transactional and derived data provided to or received from a full suite of a client’s supporting parties, our solution creates a single dataset and source of truth that gives our clients a real-time, comprehensive and consistent view of their data across the investment lifecycle. Altogether, our full lifecycle, single dataset investment management solution, provides investment managers with a tailored suite of tools and investment content to make better-informed decisions, faster and with greater confidence, in one screen and one solution.
In addition to facilitating the full investment lifecycle, our robust and agile solution allows us to serve a diverse client base that ranges in investment strategies, size and geography. Our clients include alternative investment managers such as hedge funds of all types, private equity funds, family offices and corporate investment arms, as well as institutional investment managers such as traditional asset managers and mutual funds:
● | Alternative Investment Managers – We enable alternative investment management clients to achieve scale efficiently, instill investor confidence, easily expand into new strategies, asset classes or geographies and significantly increase their speed to market. Clients can interact with the entire investment management lifecycle on one solution, unified by one dataset and are not burdened by costly hardware requirements or disruptive software upgrades. We deliver weekly upgrades through our cloud-native, multi-tenant solution, allowing us to continuously innovate and quickly adapt to meet ever-evolving client needs. |
● | Institutional Investment Managers – We deliver an intelligent solution that can replace or supplement institutional investment management clients’ legacy systems and can be utilized as a unifying hub across other existing systems, improving our clients’ operational inefficiencies and providing access to more relevant and simplified workflows and technologies. This intelligent solution gives large, less-agile clients the ability to replace their existing systems at their own pace as they become better positioned to reduce their costly and inefficient legacy technology dependencies. |
Our client relationships are built upon reliability, efficiency and proactivity. Our most important goal is to hold a high standard that couples both excellent ongoing innovation and excellent client experience. Our differentiated client-centric approach is made possible by our solution’s nimble single codebase architecture that is delivered in a one-to-many manner. In practice, our structure allows us to dedicate resources to our clients holistically, driving a superior client experience from the point of identifying a sales opportunity to product and services implementation and continuing throughout the client relationship. We measure our success through a combination of retaining clients (2% of clients left voluntarily in 2020), Net Dollar Retention Rate (122.4%, 119.6% and 111.3% as of June 30, 2021, December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively), client feedback and external reviews (94% client satisfaction per Aite Group in 2019). As of June 30, 2021, we had 635 global clients, with 106 new clients in 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2020, no client accounted for more than 3% of our total net revenues and our top 10 clients represented approximately 12% of our total net revenues.
We derive the vast majority of our total net revenues (99.4% and 98% for six month period ended June 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020, respectively) from our recurring subscription-based revenues. We have grown our Annual Recurring Revenue from $33.1 million for the month ended December 31, 2017 to $93.4 million for the month ended December 31, 2020 (representing a compound annual growth rate of 41.4%). The highly scalable nature of our business and recurring nature of our revenues drive strong margins and profitability as illustrated by our gross profit margin of 73.3%, 73.2% and 71.3%, net income margin of 16.5%, 5.1% and 21.4%, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 26.3%, 31.8% and 35.8%, each for six month period ended June 30, 2021, and the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. See the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for additional information on our key business metrics and our non-GAAP financial measures, including reconciliations of these measures to the nearest U.S. GAAP metric.
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Industry Overview
The investment management industry is large and growing, with assets under management, or AUM, surpassing $110 trillion globally. According to PwC, global AUM has grown by more than 40% from 2015 through to 2020 and is projected to continue growing as fast as 6% annually, with AUM from alternative investments growing as fast as 8% annually. As the industry continues to grow, the investment management community is at an inflection point, facing multiple, concurrent generational shifts, most notably:
● | Increasingly Complex and Global Investment Strategies: Amidst current market conditions including the persisting low interest rate environment and increased competition, investment managers are increasingly tasked with finding new and/or creative ways to generate returns on investment which can complicate risk and operational management requirements. As a result, investment managers are seeking innovative solutions that can enable them to make quick and confident investment decisions, with the flexibility to make real-time adjustments to their portfolio overlaid with interactive risk management. |
● | Meaningful Industry Consolidation: The pressures related to generating returns on investment and competition have led to widespread industry consolidation, which has resulted in legacy systems coming together that are unmanageable and ineffective when consolidated. In response, investment managers are seeking solutions that unify their workflows, systems and data to minimize the pain associated with consolidating operations and shift focus back to performance. |
● | Greater Regulatory and Investor Requirements: To meet heightened regulatory and investor demands, investment managers require solutions designed to ensure they remain compliant with evolving regulations and that provide precise, real-time valuation data and risk reporting, appropriate compliance rules and back up accounting that validate reported performance results. |
● | Heightened Demand for Greater Productivity and Cost Efficiency: Investment managers are increasingly subject to fee compression pressures related to increased competition and the rise of passive, index and other products. These fee pressures have caused investment managers to actively seek ways to simplify and optimize operational costs. |
● | Demand for Remote Accessibility That Was Historically Unavailable: Historically, investment managers have been limited by disparate solutions tied to physical operations and locations. However, as recent events have highlighted, the benefits and need for simplified solutions designed for remote access have accelerated the shift towards acceptance of cloud technology and more specifically cloud-native solutions. |
Many solutions on the market today fall short of helping investment managers seamlessly and holistically address the industry dynamics described above. Existing solutions include a patchwork of “task specific” point solutions from disparate vendors, technology stitched together through acquisitions, internally developed technology and cost-prohibitive solutions accessible only to the largest investment managers. These solutions, being cloud-migrated rather than cloud-native, are not sufficiently nimble to allow for scale and often require physical provisioning and rely on large teams of specialized personnel that through time are difficult to hire, face latency issues and increase investment manager tech debt. The result is increased information leakage, lack of data integrity, reduced traceability and reporting, significantly higher costs, more rigid strategies and slower decisions.
Our Market Opportunity
Investment managers spend significant time and resources supporting their business processes, which is intensifying as their industry continues to become more complex and subject to unprecedented pace of change. We believe that Enfusion has a significant advantage in addressing investment managers’ increasing demands for a comprehensive investment lifecycle cloud-native solution that simplifies workflows by unifying mission critical systems and coalescing data into a single dataset.
We estimate that our total addressable market is in excess of $19 billion. According to IDC’s Worldwide Capital Markets IT Spending Guide, the total spend on software and information technology, or IT, services from investment management front office and operations functions was estimated at $11.5 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow 6% annually to $14.4 billion in 2024. Additionally, internal IT spend was estimated at $5.7 billion in 2020. We also believe that there is an incremental opportunity relating to the IDC estimated $2.0 billion spend associated with traditional hardware infrastructure across all investment managers that can be targeted by our solution as our clients migrate their technology and processes to our hosted platform.
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The Enfusion Advantage
Our solution is designed to simplify our clients’ workflows and improve decision-making across investment managers of all strategy, size and geography. Our advantage lies in our solution removing information barriers and creating alignment across different actors in the investment lifecycle. We believe superior investment performance and decision-making is driven by our clients’ ability to work in real time as a cohesive team. Our solution does not merely provide systems for the entire investment lifecycle and for all actors; our solution goes further, unifying the systems with one codebase enabling changes made into one system to be reflected in other systems in real time. In practice, this allows teams across our client organizations to benefit from role-based functionality underpinned by a single dataset and single source of truth, enabling each to generate valuable insights while operating on the same real-time information, all governed by appropriate access controls. Consequently, we are expanding the sphere of influences within a client organization that decide and select their choice of technology partners and seeing leaders such as Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), Portfolio Managers (PMs), Chief Investment Officers (CIOs) and Chief Operating Officers (COOs) driving the efforts to use the Enfusion solution.
In a market of disparate solutions stitched together, our competitive advantage is supported by:
● | One End-to-End Solution, One Single Dataset and Source of Truth: Our cloud-native solution, is designed to unify portfolio management, order management, execution management, valuation and risk, accounting, reconciliation and portfolio monitoring and reporting systems. This allows for data to flow through, be reflected in and be acted upon in all systems across the investment lifecycle in real time, creating a single dataset and source of truth and optimizing our clients’ technology footprints and overall spend. |
● | Rapid Pace of Delivery and Evolution: Because our cloud-native solution’s architecture is built upon a single codebase, we are able to complete implementations quickly. Our architecture also allows for a faster product development lifecycle, giving us the ability to provide regular and rapid new releases and upgrades. We recognize that our clients best understand their evolving needs and our weekly upgrades are guided by their collective feedback. |
● | Flexible and Tailored Solution: Our architecture’s inherent flexibility and extensive integration capabilities give our clients the optionality to plug and play and utilize some or all of our systems as desired to meet their unique needs. Over time and as they experience our advantage, the flexibility of our solution allows them to seamlessly expand usage of other systems and functionalities. |
● | Technology-Powered Services: We offer access to technology-powered services designed to maximize the power of the Enfusion solution. By using expert teams empowered by technology to address time-consuming front-, middle- and back-office administrative tasks related to the investment lifecycle, our clients are able to focus on their highest-value business activities and recognize the full benefit of our solution. |
● | Client-Centric Partnership: We are relentlessly focused on client service and support. Delivering a world class experience is as critically important as delivering excellent products and services. |
Ultimately, our multi-tenant architecture, cloud-native framework and scalable and cost-effective service model allows us to deliver significant value to our clients, while maintaining a strong revenue growth rate and attractive profit margins in a robust and sustainable way. Our team uses the Enfusion solution to address continuously-evolving client needs, which fuels the already rapid pace of innovation and helps us continue to expand our market position in the investment management technology industry.
The Enfusion Solution
Our cloud-native, purposefully-designed end-to-end solution gives our clients the ability to easily access and analyze investment information in real time, perform complex calculations quickly and interact with markets electronically adding up to better, more informed investment decisions and actions. Our solution is highly configurable to different work streams, client segments and asset classes. Rather than relying on large, specialized workforces necessary for local or tenant-by-tenant deployments, modifications to our solution are made remotely within one codebase and without client intervention or interaction. Software enhancements developed for individual sponsoring clients are also made available to all clients at the same time. This process where our community of clients continuously contributes to the ever-evolving nature of our solution strengthens the value of the solution to all of our clients.
Our solution, comprised of mission critical systems integrated with a suite of technology-powered services, serves the full investment lifecycle. We recognize that despite increasing market pressures to the contrary, some clients may not be in a position to replace all of their systems at once. Therefore, we have designed our solution to allow our clients to use some or all of our solution to
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manage their investment lifecycle workflow and also to augment or integrate into their existing workflows or systems, giving them the flexibility to expand their usage and us the ability to solve their unique needs through time.
Our solution is utilized by variety of users including portfolio managers, traders, compliance officers, operational support staff and executive management, all of whom benefit from role-based functionality underpinned by a single dataset. This single dataset enables each of these users to generate valuable insights while operating on the same real-time information governed by appropriate access controls. The end-to-end functionality our solution provides is detailed below.
Our end-to-end solution comprises:
● | Portfolio Management System, or PMS: Able to comprehensively construct and re-balance investment portfolios, this system generates a real-time Investment Book of Record, or IBOR, for CIOs and portfolio managers, features a full suite of valuation and risk tools and allows users to analyze aggregated or decomposed portfolio data by any number of customizable dimensions; |
● | Order and Execution Management System, or OEMS: Intertwined with our PMS, this module offers portfolio managers, traders, compliance teams and analysts the ability to electronically communicate trade orders for a variety of asset classes and with a choice of hundreds of executing counterparties globally, manage trade orders and systemically enforce trading regulations and internal guidelines; |
● | Accounting/General Ledger System: Underpinning our PMS and OEMS systems, our accounting system features a proper double-entry ledger that automates the posting of general ledger journal entries for all cash and securities transactions directly from our PMS—providing CFOs, COOs, accountants and operations teams a complete, real-time Accounting Book of Record, or ABOR; |
● | Enfusion Analytics System: Connected in real time with our PMS and OEMS, our Enfusion Analytics system enables CIOs, portfolio managers, traders and analysts the ability to utilize the solution’s comprehensive client data insights to analyze portfolios through time horizons and automate customized visualized reports for both internal and external stakeholders. This module also acts as a centralized data warehouse that may be accessed or utilized by both individual and systematic users; |
● | Technology-Powered Services: We offer access to technology-powered services designed to maximize the power of the Enfusion solution. We do so by using expert teams empowered by technology to address time-consuming front-, middle- and back-office administrative tasks related to the investment lifecycle such as performing various fund and position level reconciliations, processing corporate actions and proactive trade break resolutions. |
Our Growth Strategy
We continue to advance our position as a leading technology partner to the investment management industry. The key components of our growth strategy include:
● | Continue Broadening Our Client Base: We believe we are the leading cloud-native, SaaS provider to the global hedge fund sector and expect that as the alternative investment sector and the acceptance of cloud technology grows, we will continue to extend our position. In addition, we continue to extend this growth through increasing adoption by larger institutional asset management clients due to increasing acceptance of cloud technology and the robust capabilities of our solution that better meet their evolving needs and address their existing pain points. |
● | Expanding Relationships with Existing Clients: We believe there is a significant opportunity to further expand our relationships with existing clients, including clients that were not in a position to replace all of their systems at once when they first engaged with us. For those clients that elect to initially utilize some portion of our solution, we find that many seek opportunities to expand the breadth of their relationship with us once they experience the advantages of our end-to-end solution. |
● | Ongoing Pace of Innovation: To retain and expand our client base, we continuously evaluate opportunities to advance our solution through increased breadth and depth of functionality. We invest heavily in innovation and generally on a weekly basis, deliver enhancements and added functionality based on our ongoing dialogues with our clients and consistent with our commitment to grow and evolve with our clients. |
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● | Geographic Expansion: We believe there are attractive, untapped opportunities across various geographies that we will expand our business into. For the year ended December 31, 2020, approximately 68% of our total net revenues were generated in the Americas and approximately 32% were generated outside of the Americas. We continue to invest in expanding our presence in markets such as Europe, Latin America and Asia-Pacific where we have planned office openings in China and Australia in 2021. |
● | Selectively Pursue Acquisitions: We may selectively pursue strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses and technologies that improve and accelerate our ability to deliver world class investment management products and services and excellent client experience through differentiating client advocacy. |
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR BUSINESS
An investment in shares of our Class A common stock involves substantial risks and uncertainties that may materially adversely affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations and cash flows. Some of the more significant challenges and risks relating to an investment in our company include, among other things, the following:
o | We have expanded our operations rapidly in recent years, which may make it difficult to predict our future operating results, and we may not achieve our expected operating results in the future. |
o | If we are unable to attract new clients or continue to expand existing clients’ use and expanded adoption of our solution, our revenue growth will be adversely affected. |
o | If the adoption and acceptance of cloud-based financial solutions slows or shifts in a way we do not anticipate or are unable to support or if we do not accurately anticipate, prepare for and promptly respond to rapidly evolving client needs, our sales will suffer and the results of our operations will be adversely affected. |
o | We may be unable to maintain our revenue growth rate in the future. |
o | Failure to effectively manage or support our operations in connection with our growth will harm our business. |
o | A breach of our security measures or those we rely on could result in unauthorized access to or use of client or their clients’ data, which may materially and adversely impact our reputation, business and results of operations. |
o | Actual or perceived errors or failures in our solution or the implementation or support of our solution may affect our reputation, cause us to lose clients and reduce sales which may harm our business and results of operations and subject us to liability for breach of contract claims. |
o | We have experienced rapid growth, and if we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may be unable to execute our business plan, maintain high levels of service and client satisfaction or adequately address competitive challenges, any of which may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. |
o | Events affecting the investment management industry could materially and adversely affect us and cause our stock price to decline significantly. |
o | Our international operations may fail and we may fail to successfully expand internationally. In addition, sales to clients outside the United States or with international operations expose us to risks inherent to international businesses, which may include adverse impacts arising out of international regulatory changes. |
o | If we are unable to retain our personnel and hire and integrate additional skilled personnel, we may be unable to achieve our goals and our business will suffer. |
o | Our revenue recognition and other factors may create volatility in our financial results in any given period and make them difficult to predict. |
o | If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, including trade secrets, or if we fail to enforce our intellectual property rights, our business could be adversely affected. |
o | Although we are not subject to direct regulation, the regulatory environment in which our clients operate is subject to continual change, and regulatory developments could adversely affect our business. |
o | Our failure to comply with various data privacy, security, or management regulations could impose additional costs and liabilities on us, limit our use, storage, or processing of information and adversely affect our business. |
o | Our securities have no prior market and an active trading market for our Class A common stock may never develop or be sustained and out stock price may decline after the offering. |
o | At the time of the offering, we expect to recognize stock-based compensation expense of approximately |
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connection with the future issuance of shares of Class A common stock to (i) former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus |
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o | Enfusion, Inc. is a holding company and its only material asset after completion of this offering will be its direct and/or indirect interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, and it is accordingly dependent upon distributions from Enfusion Ltd. LLC to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and pay dividends. |
CHANNELS FOR DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION
Investors, the media and others should note that, following the completion of this offering, we intend to announce material information to the public through filings with the SEC, the investor relations page on our website, press releases and public conference calls and webcasts.
The information disclosed by the foregoing channels could be deemed to be material information. As such, we encourage investors, the media and others to follow the channels listed above and to review the information disclosed through such channels.
Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our website.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Immediately following this offering, Enfusion, Inc. will be a holding company and its sole material asset will be a controlling equity interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, held directly and/or indirectly through three newly-formed wholly-owned subsidiaries. Through its control over the managing member of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, Enfusion, Inc. will operate and control all of the business and affairs, have the obligation to absorb losses and receive benefits from Enfusion Ltd. LLC, and consolidate the financial results of Enfusion Ltd. LLC and through Enfusion Ltd. LLC and its subsidiaries, conduct our business. Prior to the completion of this offering: (1) the Pre-IPO Shareholders will receive shares of Class A common stock of Enfusion, Inc. pursuant to the Blocker Restructuring as defined and described in “Organizational Structure—Blocker Restructuring”; and (2) the operating agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC will be amended and restated to, among other things, modify its capital structure by reclassifying the interests held by the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, resulting in Common Units, issued on a 1,000,000-to-1 basis, respectively, such reclassification, the Reclassification.
We and the holders of the Enfusion Ltd. LLC Common Units will also enter into an Amended and Restated Operating Agreement under which they (or certain permitted transferees) will have the right (subject to the terms of this agreement) to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to exchange their Common Units for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications. For a description of the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, please read “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, Enfusion Ltd. LLC may, at its sole discretion, in lieu of delivering Class A common stock for any Common Units surrendered for exchange, pay an amount in cash per Common Unit equal to the 5-day volume-weighted average price of the Class A common stock on the date of the receipt of the written notice of the exchange.
In general, each share of our Class A common stock entitles its holder to one vote on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally. Holders of our Common Units will hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. The shares of Class B common stock will have no economic rights but will generally entitle each holder, without regard to the numberrights. Each share of shares ofour Class B common stock held by suchentitles its holder to a number of votes that is equal to the aggregate number of Common Units of Enfusion Ltd. LLC held by such holderone vote on all matters to be voted on whichby stockholders of Enfusion, Inc. are entitled to vote generally.
If at any time the ratio at which Common Units are exchangeable for shares of our Class A common stock changes from one-for-one as described under “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement,” the number of votes to which Class B common stockholders are entitled will be adjusted accordingly. Holders of shares of our Class B common stock will vote together with holders of our Class A common stock as a single class on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, except as otherwise required by law.
Our post-offering organizational structure, as described above, is commonly referred to as an Up-C structure. This organizational structure will allow our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders to retain their equity ownership in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of Common Units. Investors in this offering and the Pre-IPO Shareholders will, by contrast, hold their equity ownership in Enfusion, Inc., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of shares of Class A common stock. We believe that our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders generally find it advantageous to continue to hold their equity interests in an entity that is not taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We do not believe that our Up-C organizational structure will give rise to any significant business or strategic benefit or detriment to us.
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The reorganization will be accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of Enfusion, Inc. will recognize the assets and liabilities received in the reorganization at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. Enfusion, Inc. will consolidate Enfusion Ltd. LLC on its consolidated financial statements and record a non-controlling interest related to the Common Units held by Pre-IPO Common Unitholders on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations.
The simplified diagram below depicts our organizational structure immediately following this offering. For additional detail, see “Organizational Structure.”
Upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and immediately prior to this offering, our pre-IPO ownersPre-IPO Common Unitholders will hold shares and interests that may be exchanged or settled for shares representing an aggregate of 52,997,579 shares of Class A common stock, which we refer to as the diluted pre-IPO shares outstanding, consisting of: (i) issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock held by Pre-IPO Shareholders; and (ii) shares of Class A common stock issuable on a one-for-one basis in exchange for Common Units held by Pre-IPO Common Unitholders.
The table below sets forth the relative ownership of the diluted pre-IPO shares outstanding among pre-IPO owners.
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Shares of Class A common stock held by Pre-IPO Shareholders | |
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Shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of Common Units held by Pre-IPO Common Unitholders | |
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Total | |
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Of the million15,322,660 shares offered by Enfusion, Inc. in this offering, the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of million4,010,160 shares will be used to purchase an equivalent aggregate number of shares of Common Units from our pre-IPO owners. Accordingly, the issuance of these million shares will not increase the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock orPre-IPO Common Units outstanding.Unitholders. Conversely, the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of million11,312,500 shares
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offered by Enfusion, Inc. will be used to acquire an equivalent number of newly-issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC, which Enfusion Ltd. LLC will in turn use (i) to repay outstanding indebtedness under our credit facility totaling approximately $$98.8 million in aggregate principal
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amount, (ii) to satisfy approximately $14.8 million of tax withholding obligations for federal payroll taxes arising with respect to obligations to issue Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan and to a non-executive employee in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which we were obligated to pay a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event, and (iii) approximately $$56.5 million for general corporate purposes and to bear the expenses of this offering, as described in “Use of Proceeds.” As a result, the issuance of these million shares will increase the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock and Common Units outstanding by million.
CORPORATE INFORMATION
Enfusion, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of Delaware on June 11, 2021. Our principal executive offices are located at 125 South Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603 and our telephone number is (312) 253-9800. Our website address is www.enfusion.com. We do not incorporate the information on or accessible through our website into this prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website to be part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
“Enfusion,” our logo and our other registered or common law trademarks, service marks or trade names appearing in this prospectus are the property of Enfusion, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Other trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
IMPLICATIONS OF BEING AN EMERGING GROWTH COMPANY
We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended, or the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include:
● | only two years of audited financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure; |
● | reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements; |
● | no non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; and |
● | exemption from the auditor attestation requirement in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. |
We may take advantage of these exemptions for up to five years or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company on the date that is the earliest of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of this offering; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date we qualify as a “large accelerated filer,” which means the end of our fiscal year in which we have filed an annual report and the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700 million as of the prior June 30. We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these exemptions. We have taken advantage of reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different from the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock. Additionally, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption and, therefore, while we are an emerging growth company we will not be subject to new or revised accounting standards at the same time that they become applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. See the section titled “Risk Factors—As an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, we are permitted to, and intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements, which could make our common stock less attractive to investors.”
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THE OFFERING
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Class A common stock offered by us | 15,322,660 shares |
Option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from us | 1,516,447 shares |
Class A common stock offered by the selling stockholders | 3,427,340 shares |
Option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from the selling stockholders | 1,296,053 shares |
Class A common stock to be outstanding after this offering | 64,066,841 shares (or 113,054,261 shares if all outstanding Common Units held by the pre-IPO owners were redeemed or exchanged for a corresponding number of newly issued shares of Class A common stock). If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full, 65,583,288 shares (or 113,054,261 shares if all outstanding Common Units held by the pre-IPO owners were redeemed or exchanged for a corresponding number of newly issued shares of Class A common stock) would be outstanding. For additional information, see “Organizational Structure”. |
Class B common stock to be outstanding after this offering | 48,987,420 shares (or no shares if all outstanding Common Units held by the pre-IPO owners were redeemed or exchanged for a corresponding number of newly issued shares of Class A common stock). If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full, 47,470,973 shares (or no shares if all outstanding Common Units held by the Pre-IPO owners were redeemed or exchanged for a corresponding number of newly issued shares of Class A common stock) would be outstanding. |
Common Units to be held by us directly and/or indirectly after this offering | 64,066,841 Common Units, representing a |
Total Common Units to be outstanding after this offering | 113,054,261 Common Units (or 113,054,261 Common Units if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in full). |
Voting power held by investors in this offering after giving effect to this offering |
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Voting power held by our pre-IPO owners after giving effect to this offering |
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We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of shares of our Class A common stock that we are selling in this offering, prior to the payment of offering expenses by us, will be approximately Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of |
Voting rights | In general, each share of our Class A common stock entitles its holder to one vote on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally. The Pre-IPO Common Unitholders will hold all of the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. The shares of Class B common stock will have no economic |
Dividend policy | The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general economic and business conditions, our financial condition and operating results, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by our subsidiaries (including Enfusion Ltd. LLC) to us, and such other factors as our |
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board of directors may deem relevant. Shares of Class B common stock will not entitle their holders to any dividends. |
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Enfusion, Inc. is a holding company and has no material assets other than its direct and/or indirect equity interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC. We intend to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to make distributions to us directly and/or indirectly in an amount sufficient to cover cash dividends, if any, declared by us. If Enfusion Ltd. LLC makes such distributions to Enfusion, Inc., the other holders of Common Units will be entitled to receive equivalent pro rata distributions. Class A common stock in this offering, less underwriting discounts and commissions. | |
Exchange rights of holders of Common Units | Prior to this offering, we and the holders of our Common Units will enter into an Amended and Restated Operating Agreement that will provide that they may, after the completion of this offering (subject to the terms of this agreement), cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to exchange their Common Units for shares of Class A common stock of Enfusion, Inc. on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, Enfusion Ltd. LLC may, at its sole discretion, in lieu of delivering Class A common stock for any Common Units surrendered for exchange, pay an amount in cash per Common Unit equal to the 5-day volume-weighted average price of the Class A common stock on the date of the receipt of the written notice of the exchange. |
Concentration of ownership | Upon completion of this offering, our executive officers, directors and holders of 5% or more of our capital stock, together with their respective affiliates, will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately |
Tax Receivable Agreement | Prior to the completion of this offering, we will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our pre-IPO owners that provides for the payment by Enfusion, Inc. to such pre-IPO owners of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Enfusion, Inc. actually realizes, or is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions), as a result of: (i) existing tax basis acquired in this offering; (ii) increases in Enfusion, Inc.’s existing tax basis and adjustments to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Enfusion Ltd. LLC as a result of sales or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units in connection with or after this offering; (iii) Enfusion, Inc.’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies; and (iv) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The existing tax basis, increases in existing tax basis and the tax basis adjustments generated over time may increase (for tax purposes) the depreciation and amortization deductions available to Enfusion, Inc. and, therefore, may reduce the amount of U.S. federal, state and local tax that Enfusion, Inc. would otherwise be required to pay in the future, although the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, may challenge all or part of the validity of that tax basis, and a court could sustain such a challenge. The existing tax basis acquired in this offering and the increase in existing tax basis and the anticipated tax basis adjustments upon purchases or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those assets. Actual tax benefits realized by Enfusion, Inc. may differ from tax benefits calculated under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable |
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Risk factors | See the section titled “Risk Factors” and the other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our Class A common stock. |
Proposed New York Stock Exchange trading symbol | “ENFN.” |
The number of shares of Class A common stock that will be outstanding after this offering excludes the following:
● | 26,400,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, or 2021 Plan, which will become effective in connection with this offering, including the shares and restricted stock units to be issued pursuant to our 2021 Plan as noted in the following two bullets, as well as any annual automatic evergreen increases in the number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our 2021 |
approximately 3,185,591 restricted stock units (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), which settle in shares of Class A common stock, that will be issued to certain employees under |
● | approximately 2,653,648 shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued to former service providers between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this |
● |
Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes or gives effect to:
● | the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective |
● | the adoption of our amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective |
● | no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock in this offering. |
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SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
The following tables summarize our consolidated financial and other data. We have derived the statement of operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 from the audited financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC included elsewhere in this prospectus. The statement of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 and the balance sheet data as of June 30, 2021 have been derived from the unaudited financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC included elsewhere in this prospectus and have been prepared on the same basis as our audited financial statements. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected in the future. Enfusion, Inc. was formed as a Delaware corporation on June 11, 2021 and has not, to date, conducted any activities other than those incidental to its formation, those in preparation for the Reorganization Transactions (as defined herein) and the preparation of this prospectus and the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The following summary consolidated financial and other data should be read in conjunction with the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The pro forma statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the six months ended June 30, 2021 give effect to the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments (as defined below), in the manner described under “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information” and the notes thereto, as if they had occurred on January 1, 2020 and January 1, 2021, respectively.2020.
The pro forma balance sheet data as of June 30, 2021 gives effect, in the manner described under “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information” and the notes thereto, to the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments as if each had occurred on June 30, 2021. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information” and “Capitalization.”
The summary historical and pro forma financial and other data presented below do not purport to be indicative of the results that can be expected for any future period and should be read together with “Capitalization,” “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The presentation of the unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information is prepared in conformity with Article 11 of Regulation S-X.
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| | Actual | | Pro Forma(1) | | Actual | | Pro Forma(1) | ||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data: | | Year Ended December 31, | | Year Ended | | Year Ended December 31, | | Year Ended | ||||||||||
(in thousands) |
| 2020 |
| 2019 | | December 31, 2020 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | December 31, 2020 | ||||||
Net revenues | | $ | 79,565 | | $ | 59,027 | | $ | | | $ | 79,565 | | $ | 59,027 | | $ | 79,565 |
Cost of revenues | | | 21,358 | | | 16,961 | | | | | | 21,358 | | | 16,961 | | | 21,802 |
Gross profit | | | 58,207 | | | 42,066 | | | - | | | 58,207 | | | 42,066 | | | 57,763 |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative | | | 35,888 | | | 16,625 | | | | | | 35,888 | | | 16,625 | | | 150,053 |
Sales and marketing | | | 9,927 | | | 7,426 | | | | | | 9,927 | | | 7,426 | | | 51,654 |
Technology and development | | | 6,318 | | | 4,146 | | | | | | 6,318 | | | 4,146 | | | 152,401 |
Total operating expenses | | | 52,133 | | | 28,197 | | | - | | | 52,133 | | | 28,197 | | | 354,108 |
Income from operations | | | 6,074 | | | 13,869 | | | - | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | | | 6,074 | | | 13,869 | | | (296,345) | |||||||||
Non-operating income (expense), net | | | (1,580) | | | (727) | | | - | | | (1,580) | | | (727) | | | (1,207) |
Income before income taxes | | | 4,494 | | | 13,142 | | | - | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 4,494 | | | 13,142 | | | (297,552) | |||||||||
Income taxes | | | 433 | | | 486 | | | | | | 433 | | | 486 | | | 433 |
Net income | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | 12,656 | | $ | - | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | 12,656 | | $ | (297,985) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax | | | | | | | | | (129,120) | |||||||||
Net Income (loss) attributable to Enfusion Inc. | | $ | | | | | | $ | (168,865) |
(1) | The pro forma column reflects the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments, as defined in the section entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information.” |
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| | Actual | | Pro Forma (1) | | Actual | | Pro Forma (1) | ||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data: | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | | 2021 | | 2020 | | June 30, 2021 | | 2021 | | 2020 | | June 30, 2021 | ||||||
Net revenues | | $ | 50,802 | | $ | 37,120 | | $ | | | $ | 50,802 | | $ | 37,120 | | $ | 50,802 |
Cost of revenues | | | 13,586 | | | 9,807 | | | | | | 13,586 | | | 9,807 | | | 13,715 |
Gross profit | | | 37,216 | | | 27,313 | | | - | | | 37,216 | | | 27,313 | | | 37,087 |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative | | | 13,838 | | | 8,065 | | | | | | 13,838 | | | 8,065 | | | 20,708 |
Sales and marketing | | | 7,422 | | | 4,547 | | | | | | 7,422 | | | 4,547 | | | 9,000 |
Technology and development | | | 4,243 | | | 2,879 | | | | | | 4,243 | | | 2,879 | | | 5,817 |
Total operating expenses | | | 25,503 | | | 15,491 | | | - | | | 25,503 | | | 15,491 | | | 35,525 |
Income from operations | | | 11,713 | | | 11,822 | | | - | | | 11,713 | | | 11,822 | | | 1,562 |
Non-operating income (expense), net | | | (2,802) | | | (726) | | | - | | | (2,802) | | | (726) | | | - |
Income before income taxes | | | 8,911 | | | 11,096 | | | - | | | 8,911 | | | 11,096 | | | 1,562 |
Income taxes | | | 551 | | | 429 | | | | | | 551 | | | 429 | | | 551 |
Net income | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | 10,667 | | $ | - | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | 10,667 | | $ | 1,011 |
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax | | | - | | | - | | | 438 | |||||||||
Net Income (loss) attributable to Enfusion Inc. | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 573 |
(1) The pro forma column reflects the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments, as defined in the section entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information.”
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| | As of June 30, 2021 | | As of June 30, 2021 | ||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: | | | | | | | | Pro Forma | | | | | | | | Pro Forma | ||
(in thousands) |
| Actual |
| Pro Forma(1) |
| as Adjusted(2)(3) |
| Actual |
| Pro Forma(1) |
| as Adjusted(2)(3) | ||||||
Cash | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | 78,851 |
Long-term debt, net of discount and issuance costs, including current portion | | $ | 98,711 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 98,711 | | $ | 98,711 | | $ | - |
Preferred Units | | $ | 168,369 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 168,369 | | $ | - | | $ | - |
Total Members' equity (deficit) / Stockholders' equity (deficit) | | $ | (230,883) | | $ | | | $ | | |||||||||
Total Preferred Units and Members' equity (deficit) / Stockholders' equity (deficit) | | $ | (230,883) | | $ | (77,362) | | $ | 85,489 |
(1) | The pro forma column reflects the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments, as defined in “Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information.”Such adjustments include the recognition of stock based compensation expense of $248.5 million in connection with the future issuance of shares of Class A common stock to (i) former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan and (ii) a non-executive employee in exchange for the termination of a profit sharing agreement. |
(2) | The pro forma as adjusted column gives effect to: (i) the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments, (ii) the sale and issuance of 15,322,660 shares of our Class A common stock offered by us in this offering, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions, and |
(3) | Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of |
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Key Business Metrics
We review the following key business metrics to measure our performance, identify trends, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating these key metrics, which may hinder comparability with other companies that may calculate similarly titled metrics in a different way.
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| | As of December 31, | | As of June 30, | ||||||||
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| 2020 |
| 2019 | | 2021 |
| 2020 | ||||
| | (dollars in millions) | ||||||||||
Annual Recurring Revenue | | $ | 93.4 | | $ | 68.0 | | $ | 107.9 | | $ | 74.9 |
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| | As of December 31, | | As of June 30, | ||||||||
| | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | ||||
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Annual Recurring Revenue | | $ | 93.4 | | $ | 68.0 | | $ | 107.9 | | $ | 74.9 |
Net Dollar Retention Rate | | | 119.6% | | | 111.3% | | | 122.4% | | | 109.8% |
Annual Recurring Revenue, or ARR. We calculate ARR monthly by annualizing platform subscriptions and managed services revenue recognized in the last month of the measurement period. We believe ARR provides important information about our future revenue potential, our ability to acquire new clients and our ability to maintain and expand our relationship with existing clients.
Net Dollar Retention Rate. We calculate Net Dollar Retention Rate as of a period end by starting with the ARR for all clients as of twelve months prior to such period end, or Prior Period ARR. We then calculate the ARR from those same clients as of the current period end, or Current Period ARR. Current Period ARR includes expansion within existing clients inclusive of contraction and voluntary attrition, but excludes involuntary cancellations. We define involuntary cancellations as accounts that were cancelled due to the client no longer being in business. We identify involuntary cancellations to be excluded from our Net Dollar Retention Rate calculation based on representations made by the client at the time of cancellation. Our Net Dollar Retention Rate is equal to the Current Period ARR divided by the Prior Period ARR.
We believe Net Dollar Retention Rate is an important metric for us because, in addition to providing a measure of retention, it indicates our ability to grow revenues within existing client accounts.
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| | Year Ended December 31, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Year Ended December 31, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||
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| 2020 |
| 2019 | | 2021 |
| 2020 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | ||||||||
Revenue Churn Rate | | | 5.2% | | | 10.1% | | | 4.0% | | | 7.0% | | | 5.2% | | | 10.1% | | | 4.0% | | | 7.0% |
Adjusted Revenue Churn Rate | | | 0.9% | | | 0.3% | | | 0.2% | | | 0.9% | | | 0.9% | | | 0.3% | | | 0.2% | | | 0.9% |
Revenue Churn Rate. We calculate our Revenue Churn Rate by measuring the revenue contribution associated with clients that cancel all of their product and service agreements with us over the measurement year. This canceled revenue contribution for each such client is calculated as the revenue recognized for such clients over the trailing 12 months prior to the month in which the client cancelled its product and service agreements. We then divide this cancelled revenue contribution by the ARR calculated for the prior period to calculate our Revenue Churn Rate.
Adjusted Revenue Churn Rate. We also calculate an Adjusted Revenue Churn Rate which excludes all involuntary cancellations as described above.
We believe our Revenue Churn Rate and Adjusted Revenue Churn Rate are important metrics because they indicate our ability to retain our existing client base.
For additional information about our key business metrics, see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Key Metrics and Other Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
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Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The following table summarizes certain financial measures that are not calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or non-GAAP financial measures, along with the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for each period presented below. In addition to our results determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe the following non-GAAP financial measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance. We use the following non-GAAP financial information, collectively, to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes.
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| | Year Ended December 31, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | Year Ended December 31, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||
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| 2020 |
| 2019 | | 2021 |
| 2020 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2021 | | 2020 | ||||||||
| | (dollars in thousands) | | (dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | 12,656 | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | 10,667 | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | 12,656 | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | 10,667 |
Adjusted EBITDA | | | 25,307 | | | 21,109 | | | 13,385 | | | 12,835 | | | 25,307 | | | 21,109 | | | 13,385 | | | 12,835 |
Net Income Margin | | | 5.1% | | | 21.4% | | | 16.5% | | | 28.7% | | | 5.1% | | | 21.4% | | | 16.5% | | | 28.7% |
Adjusted EBITDA Margin | | | 31.8% | | | 35.8% | | | 26.3% | | | 34.6% | | | 31.8% | | | 35.8% | | | 26.3% | | | 34.6% |
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are supplemental measures of our operating performance that are neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, U.S. GAAP and our calculations thereof may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted to exclude certain items of a non-recurring or unusual nature, as well as payments for management incentive awards from our
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Change in Control Bonus Plan and initial public offering costs, and from and after this offering, stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA Margin represents Adjusted EBITDA divided by total net revenues.
These measures are presented because they are the primary measures used by management to evaluate our financial performance and for forecasting purposes. This non-GAAP financial information is useful to investors because it eliminates certain items that affect period-over-period comparability and provides consistency with past financial performance and additional information about underlying results and trends by excluding certain items that may not be indicative of our business, results of operations or outlook. Additionally, we believe that these and similar measures are widely used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties as a means of evaluating a company’s operating performance.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP financial measures, are not measurements of our financial performance under U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income (loss), income (loss) from operations or any other performance measures determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP, but rather as supplemental information to our business results. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences in methods of calculation and items or events being adjusted. In addition, other companies may use different measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin as tools for comparison.
For additional information about these non-GAAP financial measures, including a reconciliation from the nearest U.S. GAAP measure, see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations —Key Metrics and Other Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
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Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the material and other risks and uncertainties described below, as well as the other information in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and the sections of this prospectus titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” before you make an investment decision. The risks described below are not the only risks that we face. The occurrence of any of the events or developments described below could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. As a result, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment in our Class A common stock.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Industry
We have expanded our operations rapidly in recent years, which may make it difficult to predict our future operating results, and we may not achieve our expected operating results in the future.
We have experienced rapid growth and increased demand for our services in recent years. As a result of our limited operating history at our current scale, our ability to forecast our future operating results, including revenues, cash flows, and profitability, is limited and subject to a number of uncertainties. We have encountered and will encounter risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies in the technology industry, such as the risks and uncertainties described in this section. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties are incorrect or change due to changes in our markets, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our operating and financial results may differ materially from our expectations and our business may suffer.
If we are unable to attract new clients or continue to expand existing clients' use and expanded adoption of our solution, our revenue growth will be adversely affected.
To increase our revenues, we will need to continue to attract new clients and succeed in having our current clients expand the use of our solution across their organizations and add additional components to their existing contracts. For example, our revenue growth strategy includes increased penetration of markets outside the United States and expansion into new client segments, as well as selling incremental applications of our solution to existing clients, and failure in either respect would adversely affect our revenue growth. In addition, for us to maintain or improve our results of operations, it is important that our clients renew their subscriptions with us on the same or more favorable terms to us when their existing term expires. Our revenue growth rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including client spending levels, client dissatisfaction with our solution, decreases in the number of users at our clients, changes in the type and size of our clients, pricing changes, competitive conditions, the loss of our clients to competitors and general economic conditions. Therefore, we cannot assure you that our current clients will renew or expand their use of our solution and furthermore, it is possible that our clients may terminate their service mid-term. In addition, a significant number of our new clients are referred to us by existing clients. If we are unable to sign new clients, retain or attract new business from current clients, or maintain and expand our referral network, our business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
If the adoption and acceptance of cloud-based financial solution slows or shifts in a way we do not anticipate or are unable to support or if we do not accurately anticipate, prepare for and promptly respond to rapidly evolving client needs, our sales will suffer and the results of our operations will be adversely affected.
Use of, and reliance on, cloud-based investment management technology is still at an early stage and we do not know whether financial institutions will continue to adopt cloud-based investment management technology such as the Enfusion solution in the future, or whether the market will change in ways we do not anticipate and cannot support. Many financial institutions have invested substantial personnel and financial resources in legacy software, and these institutions may be reluctant, unwilling, or unable to convert from their existing legacy or disparate systems to our end-to-end solution. Furthermore, these financial institutions may be reluctant, unwilling, or unable to use cloud-based investment management technology due to various concerns such as data security and the reliability of the delivery model. These concerns or other considerations may cause financial institutions to choose not to adopt cloud-based investment management technology such as ours or to adopt them more slowly than we anticipate, either of which would adversely affect us. Our future success also depends on our ability to sell additional applications and functionality to our current and prospective clients. As we create new applications and enhance our existing solution, these applications and enhancements may not be attractive to clients. In addition, promoting and selling new and enhanced functionality may require increasingly costly sales and marketing efforts, and if clients choose not to adopt this functionality, our business and results of operations could suffer. If financial institutions are unwilling or unable to transition from their legacy systems, or if the demand for our solution does not meet our expectations, our results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.
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We may be unable to maintain our revenue growth rate in the future.
We have grown rapidly over the last several years, and therefore, our recent revenue growth rate and financial performance may not be indicative of our future performance. Our total net revenues increased from $44.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 to $59.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and to $79.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. We may not be able to sustain revenue growth consistent with our recent history, if at all. Furthermore, to the extent we grow in future periods, maintaining consistent rates of revenue growth may be difficult. Our revenue growth may also slow or even reverse in future periods due to a number of factors, which may include slowing demand for our solution, increasing competition, decreasing growth of our overall market, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or similar market or global adverse events beyond our control, our inability to attract and retain a sufficient number of financial institution clients, concerns over data security and any reputational harm we encounter due to our perceived or actual failure to perform, our failure, for any reason, to capitalize on growth opportunities, or general economic conditions. If we are unable to maintain consistent revenue growth, the price of our Class A common stock could be volatile and it may be difficult for us to maintain profitability.
Failure to effectively manage or support our operations in connection with our growth will harm our business.
We have expanded our operations rapidly in recent years and expect to continue to do so, including the number of employees and the locations and geographic scope of our operations. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic and related shelter in-place orders have resulted in certain of our employees and service partners working from home, bringing new challenges to managing our business and work force. This expansion and changing work environment has placed, and may continue to place, a strain on our operational and financial resources and our personnel. We will also need to identify, add, train and retain additional qualified personnel across our operations. A failure to correctly anticipate our current and future hiring needs and any resulting shortage in qualified employees and personnel could negatively impact our ability to grow our business. To manage our anticipated future operational expansion effectively, we must continue to maintain and expect to enhance our IT infrastructure, financial and accounting systems and controls, and manage expanded operations and employees in geographically distributed locations. Our growth could require significant capital expenditures and may divert financial resources from other projects, such as the development of new applications and solution. If we increase the size of our organization without experiencing an increase in sales of our solution, we will experience reductions in our gross and operating margins and net income. We may also deem it advisable in the near-term or later to terminate certain of our existing leases in favor of larger office spaces in order to accommodate our growing workforce, which may cause us to incur related charges such as breakage fees or penalties. If we are unable to effectively manage our expanding operations and have sufficient employees to support our expanding operations or manage the increase in remote employees, our expenses may increase more than expected and the level of service we provide to our clients may suffer, our revenues could decline or grow more slowly than expected, and we may be unable to implement our business strategy.
We may experience quarterly fluctuations in our operating results due to a number of factors, which may make our future results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or our guidance.
Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and are expected to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. Our past results may not be indicative of our future performance. In addition to the other risks described in this prospectus, factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include the following:
● | the addition or loss of clients, including through acquisitions, consolidations or failures; |
● | the frequency of the use of our solution in a period and the amount of any associated revenues and expenses; |
● | budgeting cycles of our clients and changes in spending on cloud-based investment management solution by our current or prospective clients; |
● | changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors, changes to pricing, or the introduction of new products and services that limit demand for our cloud-based investment management solutions or cause clients to delay purchasing decisions; |
● | the amount and timing of cash collections from our clients; |
● | long or delayed implementation times for new clients, including larger clients, or other changes in the levels of client support we provide; |
● | the timing of client payments and payment defaults by clients; |
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● | the amount and timing of our operating costs and capital expenditures; |
● | changes in tax rules or the impact of new accounting pronouncements; |
● | general economic conditions that may adversely affect our clients' ability or willingness to purchase solutions, delay a prospective client's purchasing decision, reduce our revenues from clients, or affect renewal rates; |
● | unexpected expenses such as those related to litigation or other disputes; |
● | the amount and timing of costs associated with recruiting, hiring, training, integrating, and retaining new and existing employees; and |
● | the timing of our entry into new markets and client segments. |
Moreover, our stock price might be based on expectations of investors or securities analysts of future performance that are inconsistent with our actual growth opportunities or that we might fail to meet and, if our revenues or operating results fall below expectations, the price of our Class A common stock could decline substantially.
We may not accurately predict the long-term client retention rate or adoption of our solution, or any resulting impact on our revenues or operating results.
Our clients have no obligation to continue to renew their subscriptions for our solution after the expiration of the initial or current subscription term, and our clients, if they choose to renew at all, may renew for fewer users or on less favorable pricing terms. The majority of our current contracts are for one-year terms, but can be terminated for convenience within 30 days. Our client retention rates may decrease as a result of a number of factors, including our clients’ satisfaction with our pricing or our solution or their ability to continue their operations or spending levels. If our clients terminate their agreements or do not renew their subscriptions for our solution on similar or more favorable pricing terms, our revenues may decline and our business could suffer.
Additionally, as the market for our solution develop, we may be unable to attract new clients based on the same subscription model we have used historically. Moreover, large or influential financial institution clients may demand more favorable pricing or other contract terms from us. As a result, we may in the future be required to change our pricing model, reduce our prices, or accept other unfavorable contract terms, any of which could adversely affect our risks, revenues, gross profit margin, profitability, financial position, and/or cash flow.
A breach of our security measures or those we rely on could result in unauthorized access to or use of client or their clients’ data, which may materially and adversely impact our reputation, business and results of operations.
Certain elements of our solution, particularly our partnership accounting applications, process and store personally identifiable information, or PII, such as banking and personal information of our clients’ clients, and we may also have access to PII during various stages of the implementation process or during the course of providing client support. Furthermore, as we develop additional functionality, we may gain greater access to PII. We maintain policies, procedures, and technological safeguards designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of this information and our information technology systems. However, we cannot entirely eliminate the risk of improper or unauthorized access to or disclosure of PII or other security events that impact the integrity or availability of PII or our systems and operations, or the related costs we may incur to mitigate the consequences from such events. Further, the Enfusion solution is a flexible and complex software solution and there is a risk that configurations of, or defects in, the solution or errors in implementation could create vulnerabilities to security breaches. There may be unlawful attempts to disrupt or gain access to our information technology systems or the PII or other data of our clients or their clients that may disrupt our or our clients’ operations. In addition, because we leverage third-party providers, including cloud, software, co-locate data center, and other critical technology vendors to deliver our solution to our clients and their clients, we rely heavily on the data security technology practices and policies adopted by these third-party providers. A vulnerability in a third-party provider’s software or systems, a failure of our third-party providers’ safeguards, policies or procedures, or a breach of a third-party provider’s software or systems could result in the compromise of the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our systems or the data housed in our solution.
Cyberattacks and other malicious internet-based activity continue to increase and evolve, and cloud-based providers of products and services have been and are expected to continue to be targeted. In addition to traditional computer “hackers,” malicious code (such as viruses and worms), phishing, employee theft or misuse and denial-of-service attacks, sophisticated criminal networks as well as nation-state and nation-state supported actors now engage in attacks, including advanced persistent threat intrusions. Current or future criminal capabilities, discovery of existing or new vulnerabilities, and attempts to exploit those vulnerabilities or other developments, may compromise or breach our systems or solution. In the event our or our third-party providers’ protection efforts are unsuccessful and
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our systems or solution are compromised, we could suffer substantial harm. A security breach could result in operational disruptions, loss, compromise or corruption of client or client data or data we rely on to provide our solution. In addition, a security breach may adversely impact our clients’ ability to use our systems to perform their day-to-day functions. Also, our reputation could suffer irreparable harm, causing our current and prospective clients to decline to use our solution in the future. Further, we could be forced to expend significant financial and operational resources in response to a security breach, including repairing system damage, increasing security protection costs by deploying additional personnel and protection technologies, and defending against and resolving legal and regulatory claims, all of which could divert resources and the attention of our management and key personnel away from our business operations.
Federal, state and international regulations may require us or our clients to notify individuals of data security incidents involving certain types of personal data or information technology systems. Security compromises experienced by others in our industry, our clients, or us may lead to public disclosures and widespread negative publicity. Any security compromise in our industry, whether actual or perceived, could erode client confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures, negatively impact our ability to attract new clients, cause existing clients to terminate our agreements or elect not to renew or expand their use of our solution, or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines, or other actions or liabilities, which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
In addition, some of our clients contractually require notification of data security compromises and include representations and warranties in their contracts with us that our solution complies with certain legal and technical standards related to data security and privacy and meets certain service levels. In certain of our contracts, a data security compromise or operational disruption impacting us or one of our critical vendors, or system unavailability or damage due to other circumstances, may constitute a material breach and give rise to a client’s right to terminate their contract with us. In these circumstances, it may be difficult or impossible to cure such a breach in order to prevent clients from potentially terminating their contracts with us. Furthermore, although our client contracts typically include limitations on our potential liability, there can be no assurance that such limitations of liability would be adequate. We also cannot be sure that our existing liability insurance coverage and coverage for professional liability and errors or omissions will be available on acceptable terms or will be available in sufficient amounts to cover one or more claims and on the timing in which we need it, or that our insurers will not deny or attempt to deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more claims against us, the inadequacy or denial of coverage under our insurance policies, litigation to pursue claims under our policies, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or coinsurance requirements, could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Breaches of our security systems, including unauthorized or improper employee access to client portfolios or other material non-public information, could expose us to losses.
We maintain a system of controls over the physical security of our facilities. We also manage and store various proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data relating to our operations. In addition, we have access to large amounts of data relating to our clients and their investment portfolios, including their trading activity and related strategies. Unauthorized persons or employees may gain access to our facilities or network systems to steal our or our clients’ sensitive, confidential, or other proprietary information, compromise confidential client or company information, create system disruptions, or cause shutdowns. These persons may then use such information for illicit gain, including by trading securities based on such information. These parties may also be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs that disrupt our operations and create security vulnerabilities. Breaches of our physical security and attacks on our network systems, or breaches or attacks on our clients, suppliers, or service partners who have confidential or sensitive information regarding us and our clients and suppliers, could result in significant losses and damage our reputation with clients and suppliers and may expose us to litigation if the confidential information of our clients, suppliers, or employees is compromised. Furthermore, employees with authorized access may abuse and inappropriately utilize their access for unauthorized purposes. The foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Global or regional economic and market conditions may negatively impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our overall performance depends in part on economic and market conditions, which may remain challenging or uncertain for the foreseeable future. Financial developments seemingly unrelated to us or our industry may adversely affect us. Domestic and international economies have been impacted by threatened sovereign defaults and ratings downgrades, falling demand for a variety of goods and services, restricted credit, threats to major multinational companies, poor liquidity, reduced corporate profitability, volatility in credit, equity and foreign exchange markets, bankruptcies and overall uncertainty. These conditions affect the rate of technology spending and could adversely affect our clients' ability or willingness to purchase our cloud-based investment management solution, delay prospective clients' purchasing decisions, reduce the value or duration of their subscriptions, or affect renewal rates, any of which
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could adversely affect our operating results. We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of the economic recovery or any subsequent economic slowdown in the U.S., the market generally or in our industry.
The markets in which we participate are intensely competitive, and pricing pressure, new technologies, or other competitive dynamics could adversely affect our business and operating results.
We currently compete with providers of technology and services in the financial services industry. Certain of our competitors have significantly more financial, technical, marketing, and other resources than we have, may devote greater resources to the promotion, sale and support of their systems than we can, have more extensive client bases and broader client relationships than we have, and have longer operating histories and greater name recognition than we have. In addition, many of our competitors expend a greater amount of funds on research and development.
We may also face competition from other companies within our markets, which may include large established businesses that decide to develop, market, or resell cloud-based investment management solution, acquire one of our competitors, or form a strategic alliance with one of our competitors. In addition, new companies entering our markets or established companies creating or marketing new products may choose to offer cloud-based investment management applications at little or no additional cost to the client by bundling them with their existing applications, including adjacent banking technologies and core processing software. New entrants to the market might also include non-banking providers of payment solutions and other technologies. Competition from these new entrants may make our business more difficult and adversely affect our results.
If we are unable to compete in this environment, sales and renewals of our cloud-based investment management solution could decline and adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. With the introduction of new technologies and potential new entrants into the cloud-based investment management solutions market, we expect competition to intensify in the future, which could harm our ability to increase sales and maintain profitability.
We believe that our industry could experience consolidation, which could lead to increased competition and result in pricing pressure or loss of market share, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, limit our growth prospects, or reduce our revenues.
We depend on third-party co-locate facilities, data centers operated by third parties, and third-party Internet service providers, and any disruption in the operation of such facilities or access to the Internet, could adversely affect our business.
We currently serve our clients from two third-party co-locate data center hosting facilities located in Chicago, Illinois and Secaucus, New Jersey and therefore cannot guarantee that our clients' access to our solution will be uninterrupted, error-free, or secure. We may experience service and application disruptions, outages, and other performance problems. These problems may be caused by a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, viruses, security attacks, fraud, spikes in client usage, and denial of service issues. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. We do not control the operation of these data center facilities, and such facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, power loss, hardware failures, telecommunications failures, fires, wars, terrorist attacks, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, or similar catastrophic events. Both we and our service providers also could be subject to break-ins, computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, and other misconduct. The occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or terminate our hosting arrangement, or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in the delivery of our solution, cause system interruptions, prevent our clients' account holders from accessing their accounts online, reputational harm and loss of critical data, prevent us from supporting our solution, or cause us to incur additional expense in arranging for new facilities and support.
In addition to third-party co-locate data centers where we host the data, we also depend on third-party data centers that host data on our behalf, and any disruption in the operation of these facilities could impair the delivery of our solution and adversely affect our business. We currently deploy portions of our solution and serve our clients using third-party data center services, such as Google BigQuery. While we typically control and have access to the servers we operate in co-location facilities and the components of our custom-built infrastructure that are located in those co-location facilities, we control neither the operation of these facilities nor our third-party service providers. In the event of significant physical damage to one of these facilities, it may take a significant period of time to achieve full resumption of our services, and our disaster recovery planning may not account for all eventualities. We may also incur significant costs for using alternative equipment or taking other actions in preparation for, or in reaction to, events that damage the third-party data centers that we use.
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We also depend on third-party Internet service providers and continuous and uninterrupted access to the Internet through third-party bandwidth providers to operate our business. If we lose the services of one or more of our Internet service or bandwidth providers for any reason or if their services are disrupted, for example due to viruses or denial of service or other attacks on their systems, or due to human error, intentional bad acts, power loss, hardware failures, telecommunications failures, fires, wars, terrorist attacks, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, or similar catastrophic events, we could experience disruption in our ability to offer our solution and adverse perception of our solution's reliability, termination of our agreements or we could be required to retain the services of replacement providers, which could increase our operating costs and harm our business and reputation.
Actual or perceived errors or failures in our solution or the implementation or support of our solution may affect our reputation, cause us to lose clients and reduce sales which may harm our business and results of operations and subject us to liability for breach of contract claims.
Because we offer a complex solution and our clients have complex requirements, undetected errors or failures may exist or occur, especially when a client is being onboarded or systems are first introduced or when new versions are released, implemented, or integrated into other systems. Our solution is often installed and used in large-scale computing environments with different operating systems, system management software and equipment and networking configurations, which may cause errors or failures in our solution or may expose undetected errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems in our solution. Despite testing by us, we may not identify all errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems in new systems or releases until after commencement of commercial sales or installation. In the past, we have discovered errors, failures, defects, bugs and other performance problems in some of our solution after their introduction. We may not be able to fix errors, failures, defects, bugs and other performance problems without incurring significant costs or an adverse impact to our business and the business of our clients.
We believe that our reputation and name recognition are critical factors in our ability to compete and generate additional sales. Promotion and enhancement of our name will depend largely on our success in continuing to provide effective systems and services. The occurrence or perception of the occurrence of errors in our solution or the detection of bugs by our clients may damage our reputation in the market and our relationships with our existing clients, and as a result, we may be unable to attract or retain clients. Any of these events may result in the loss of, or delay in, market acceptance of our systems and services, which could seriously harm our sales, results of operations and financial condition.
The license and support of our software, including the storing and processing sensitive or confidential client information, creates the risk of significant liability claims against us. Our SaaS arrangements and term licenses with our clients contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential liability claims. It is possible, however, that the limitation of liability provisions contained in such agreements may not be enforced as a result of international, federal, state and local laws or ordinances or unfavorable judicial decisions. Breach of warranty or damage liability, or injunctive relief resulting from such claims, could harm our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, we may be required to indemnify certain of our clients for losses incurred as a result of such errors.
We have experienced rapid growth, and if we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may be unable to execute our business plan, maintain high levels of service and client satisfaction or adequately address competitive challenges, any of which may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our business has recently grown rapidly, which has resulted in a large increase in our employee headcount, expansion of our infrastructure, enhancement of our internal systems and other significant changes and additional complexities. Our total number of employees increased from 296 as of December 31, 2019, to 479 as of December 31, 2020 and to 639 as of June 30, 2021. Managing and sustaining a growing workforce and client base geographically-dispersed in the United States and internationally will require substantial management effort, infrastructure and operational capabilities. To support our growth, we must continue to improve our management resources and our operational and financial controls and systems, and these improvements may increase our expenses more than anticipated and result in a more complex business. We will also have to expand and enhance the capabilities of our sales, relationship management, implementation, client service, research and development and other personnel to support our growth and continue to achieve high levels of client service and satisfaction. Our success will depend on our ability to plan for and manage this growth effectively. If we fail to anticipate and manage our growth or are unable to continue to provide high levels of client service, our reputation, as well as our business and results of operations, could be materially and adversely affected.
Defects, errors, or vulnerabilities in our solution, including failures in connection with client market orders, could harm our reputation, result in significant costs to us, impair our ability to sell our solution and subject us to substantial liability.
Our cloud-based investment management solution is inherently complex and may contain errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems, particularly when first introduced or as new versions are released. Despite extensive testing, from time-to-
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time we have discovered errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems in our systems. In addition, due to changes in regulatory requirements relating to our clients, we may discover deficiencies in our software processes related to those requirements. Material performance problems or defects in our systems might arise in the future.
Any such errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems, or disruptions in service to provide bug fixes or upgrades, whether in connection with day-to-day operations or otherwise, could be costly for us to remedy, damage our clients' businesses and harm our reputation. In addition, if we have any such errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems, our clients could seek to terminate their agreements, elect not to renew their subscriptions, delay or withhold payment or make claims against us. Any of these actions could result in lost business, increased insurance costs, difficulty in collecting our accounts receivable, costly litigation and adverse publicity. Such errors, defects, or other problems could also result in reduced sales or a loss of, or delay in, the market acceptance of our solution.
Moreover, software development is time-consuming, expensive, complex and requires regular maintenance. Unforeseen difficulties can arise including failures in connection with client market orders and failures in delivering software development in a timely manner. If we do not complete our periodic maintenance according to schedule or if clients are otherwise dissatisfied with the frequency and/or duration of our maintenance services, clients could elect not to renew, or delay or withhold payment to us or cause us to issue credits, make refunds, or pay penalties. We might also encounter technical obstacles, and it is possible that we discover problems that prevent our solution from operating properly. If our solution does not function reliably or fail to achieve client expectations in terms of performance, clients could seek to cancel their agreements with us and assert liability claims against us, which could damage our reputation, impair our ability to attract or maintain clients and harm our results of operations.
If we fail to effectively anticipate and respond to changes in the industry in which we operate, our ability to attract and retain clients could be impaired and our competitive position could be harmed.
The financial services industry is subject to rapid change and the introduction of new technologies to meet the needs of this industry will continue to have a significant effect on competitive conditions in our market. If we are unable to successfully expand our product offerings beyond our current solution, our clients could migrate to competitors who may offer a broader or more attractive range of products and services. Unexpected delays in releasing new or enhanced versions of our solution, or errors following their release, could result in loss of sales, delay in market acceptance, or client claims against us, any of which could adversely affect our business. The success of any new system depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate quality testing and market acceptance. We may not be able to enhance aspects of our solution successfully or introduce and gain market acceptance of new applications or improvements in a timely manner, or at all. Additionally, we must continually modify and enhance our solution to keep pace with changes in software applications, database technology and evolving technical standards and interfaces.
Uncertainties related to our ability to introduce and improve functionality, announcements or introductions of a new or updated solution, or modifications by our competitors could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Events affecting the investment management industry could materially and adversely affect us and cause our stock price to decline significantly.
Our revenues are diversified across our client base. During the year ended December 31, 2020, no client represented more than 3% of our total net revenues, and our top 10 clients represented approximately 12% of our total net revenues. However, our clients are concentrated within the investment management sector, and any events that have an adverse impact on that sector could materially and adversely affect us. Furthermore, our clients operate in the volatile global financial markets and are influenced by a number of factors outside of their control, including rising interest rates, inflation, the availability of credit, issues with sovereign and large institutional obligors, changes in laws and regulations, terrorism and political unrest or uncertainty, among others. As a result, any of our clients may go out of business unexpectedly. In addition, these clients may decide to no longer use our products and services for other reasons which may be out of our control. The loss of or events affecting any one or more of these clients could materially and adversely affect us and cause our stock price to decline significantly.
We and our clients leverage third-party software, content, connectivity and services for use with our solution. Performance issues, errors and defects, or failure to successfully integrate or license necessary third-party software, content, connectivity, or services, could cause delays, errors, or failures of our solution, cause reputational harm, increases in our expenses and reductions in our sales, each of which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We and our clients use software and content licensed from, and services provided by, a variety of third parties in connection with the operation of our solution. Any errors, failures, defects, bugs, or other performance problems in third-party software, content, or
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services could result in errors or a failure of our solution, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. In the future, we might need to license other software, content, or services to enhance our solution and meet evolving client demands and requirements. Any limitations in our ability to use third-party software, content or services could significantly increase our expenses and otherwise result in delays, a reduction in functionality or errors or failures of our solution until equivalent technology or content is either developed by us or, if available, identified, obtained through purchase or license and integrated into our solution. In addition, third-party licenses may expose us to increased risks, including risks associated with the integration of new technology, the diversion of resources from the development of our own proprietary technology, and our inability to generate revenues from new technology sufficient to offset associated acquisition and maintenance costs, all of which may increase our expenses and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our international operations may fail and we may fail to successfully expand internationally. In addition, sales to clients outside the United States or with international operations expose us to risks inherent to international businesses, which may include adverse impacts arising out of international regulatory changes.
Our international revenues represented approximately 32% and approximately 30% of our total net revenues for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. A key element of our growth strategy is to further expand our international operations and worldwide client base. We have begun expending significant resources to build out our sales and professional services organizations outside of the United States, and we may not realize a suitable return on this investment in the near future, if at all. We have limited operating experience in international markets, and we cannot assure you that our international expansion efforts will be successful. Our experience in the United States may not be relevant to our ability to expand in any international market.
Operating in international markets requires significant resources and management attention and subjects us to regulatory, economic and political risks that are different from those in the United States. Export control regulations in the United States may increasingly be implicated in our operations as we expand internationally. These regulations may limit the export of our solution and provision of our solution outside of the United States, or may require export authorizations, including by license, a license exception or other appropriate government authorizations, including annual or semi-annual reporting and the filing of an encryption registration. Changes in export or import laws, or corresponding sanctions, may delay the introduction and sale of our solution in international markets, or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our solution to certain countries, regions, governments, persons or entities altogether, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are also subject to various domestic and international anti-corruption laws, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, and the U.K. Bribery Act, as well as other similar anti-bribery and anti-kickback laws and regulations. These laws and regulations generally prohibit companies and their employees and intermediaries from authorizing, offering or providing improper payments or benefits to officials and other recipients for improper purposes. Although we take precautions to prevent violations of these laws, our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence expands and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.
In addition, we face risks in doing business internationally that could adversely affect our business, including:
● | unanticipated costs; |
● | the need to localize and adapt our solution for specific countries; |
● | complying with varying and sometimes conflicting data privacy laws and regulations; |
● | difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, including employment laws and regulations; |
● | unstable regional, economic or political conditions, including trade sanctions, political unrest, terrorism, war, health and safety epidemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) or the threat of any of these events; |
● | different pricing environments, longer sales cycles and collections issues; |
● | new and different sources of competition; |
● | weaker protection for intellectual property and other legal rights than in the United States and practical difficulties in enforcing intellectual property and other rights outside of the United States; |
● | laws and business practices favoring local competitors; |
● | operational and compliance challenges related to the complexity of multiple, conflicting and changing governmental laws and regulations, including employment, tax and anti-bribery laws and regulations and difficulties understanding and ensuring compliance with those laws by both our employees and our service partners, over whom we exert no control; |
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● | increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities; |
● | restrictions on the transfer of funds; and |
● | differing and potentially adverse tax consequences. |
The occurrence or impact of any or all of the events described above could materially and adversely affect our international operations, which could in turn materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to sell our solution is dependent on the quality of our personnel and technical support services, and the failure of us to attract and retain quality personnel or provide high-quality managed services or technical support could damage our reputation and adversely affect our ability to sell our solution to new clients and retain existing clients or renew agreements with our existing clients.
Our revenues and profitability depend on the reliability and performance of our services and support. If our services or support are unavailable, or clients are dissatisfied with our performance, we could lose clients, our revenues and profitability would decrease, and our business operations or financial position could be harmed. In addition, the software and workflow processes that underlie our ability to deliver our solution has been developed primarily by our own employees and consultants. Malfunctions in the software we use or human error could result in our inability to provide our solution or underlying systems or cause unforeseen technical problems. If we incur significant financial commitments to our clients in connection with our failure to meet service level commitment obligations, we may incur significant liability and our liability insurance and revenue reserves may not be adequate. In addition, any loss of services, equipment damage or inability to meet our service level commitment obligations could reduce the confidence of our clients and could consequently impair our ability to obtain and retain clients, which would adversely affect both our ability to generate revenues and our operating results or entitle the client to a related fee credit.
If we do not effectively assist our clients in implementing our solution, succeed in helping our clients quickly resolve post-implementation issues, and provide effective ongoing support, our ability to retain or sell additional systems and services to existing clients would be adversely affected and our reputation with potential clients could be damaged. Since we believe that the implementation experience is vital to retaining clients or encouraging referrals, our ability to provide predictable delivery results and product expertise is critical to our ability to retain or renew agreements with our existing clients or receive referrals for new clients.
Once our solution is implemented and integrated with our clients’ existing IT investments and data, our clients may depend on our technical support services and/or the support of service partners to resolve any issues relating to our solution. High-quality support is critical for the continued successful marketing and sale of our solution and the retention and renewal of contracts. In addition, as we continue to expand our operations internationally, our support organization will face additional challenges, including those associated with delivering support, training and documentation in languages other than English. Many enterprise clients require higher levels of support than smaller clients. If we fail to meet the requirements of our larger clients, it may be more difficult to sell additional systems and services to these clients, a key group for the growth of our revenues and profitability. In addition, as we further expand our SaaS solution, our services and support organization will face new challenges, including hiring, training and integrating a large number of new services or support personnel with experience in delivering high-quality support for our solution. Alleviating any of these problems could require significant expenditures which could adversely affect our results of operations and growth prospects. Our failure to maintain high-quality implementation and support services could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects.
If we fail to identify, attract and retain additional qualified personnel with experience in designing, developing, and managing cloud-based software, as well as personnel who can successfully implement, support, or provide our solution, we may be unable to grow our business as expected.
To execute our business strategy and continue to grow our solution, we must identify, attract and retain highly qualified personnel. We compete with many other companies for a limited number of software developers with specialized experience in designing, developing, and managing cloud-based and/or financial software, as well as for skilled developers, engineers and information technology and operations professionals who can successfully implement and deliver our solution. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced personnel have greater resources than we have. As we continue to focus on growing our solution, we may experience difficulty in finding, hiring and retaining highly skilled employees with appropriate qualifications which may, among other things, impede our ability to grow our solution. If we are not successful in finding, attracting, and retaining the professionals we need, we may be unable to execute our business strategy which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects.
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If we are unable to retain our personnel and hire and integrate additional skilled personnel, we may be unable to achieve our goals and our business will suffer.
Our future success depends upon our ability to continue to attract, train, integrate and retain highly skilled employees, particularly those on our management team, including Thomas Kim, our Chief Executive Officer, and our sales and marketing personnel, SaaS operations personnel, services personnel and software engineers. Additionally, our stakeholders increasingly expect us to have a culture that embraces diversity and inclusion in the workplace. Our inability to attract and retain diverse and qualified personnel, or delays in hiring required personnel, including delays due to COVID-19, may seriously harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. If U.S. immigration policy related to skilled foreign workers were materially adjusted, such a change could hamper our efforts to hire highly skilled foreign employees, including highly specialized engineers, which would adversely impact our business.
Our executive officers and other key employees are generally employed on an at-will basis, which means that these personnel could terminate their relationship with us at any time. The loss of any member of our senior management team could significantly delay or prevent us from achieving our business and/or development objectives, and could materially harm our business.
We face competition for qualified individuals from numerous software and other technology companies. Further, significant amounts of time and resources are required to train technical, sales, services and other personnel. We may incur significant costs to attract, train and retain such personnel, and we may lose new employees to our competitors or other technology companies before we realize the benefit of our investment after recruiting and training them.
Also, to the extent that we hire personnel from competitors, we may be subject to allegations that such personnel have been improperly solicited or have divulged proprietary or other confidential information. In addition, we have a limited number of salespeople and the loss of several salespeople within a short period of time could have a negative impact on our sales efforts. We may be unable to attract and retain suitably qualified individuals who are capable of meeting our growing technical, operational and managerial requirements, or we may be required to pay increased compensation in order to do so.
Our ability to expand geographically depends, in large part, on our ability to attract, retain and integrate managers to lead the local business and employees with the appropriate skills. Similarly, our profitability depends on our ability to effectively utilize personnel with the right mix of skills and experience to perform services for our clients, including our ability to transition employees to new assignments on a timely basis. If we are unable to effectively deploy our employees globally on a timely basis to fulfill the needs of our clients, our reputation could suffer and our ability to retain existing clients or attract new clients may be harmed.
Because of the technical nature of our solution and the dynamic market in which we compete, any failure to attract, integrate and retain qualified sales, services and product development personnel, as well as our contract workers, could harm our ability to generate sales or successfully develop new systems and services and enhancements of our existing solution.
We depend on our senior management team and other key personnel, and we could be subject to substantial risk of loss if any of them terminate their relationship with us.
We depend on the efforts, relationships and reputations of our senior management team and other key personnel, in order to successfully manage our business. We believe that success in our business will continue to be based upon the strength of our intellectual capital. The loss of the services of any member of our senior management team or of other key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or business.
If we fail to expand our sales and marketing efforts and if we are unable to successfully develop of our sales team, including if we fail to expand of our strategic partner relationships, sales of our solution will suffer, which may adversely affect the results of our operations.
Increasing our client base and achieving broader market acceptance of our cloud-based investment management solution will depend on our ability to expand our sales and marketing organizations and their abilities to obtain new clients and sell additional systems and services to existing clients. We believe there is significant competition for direct sales professionals with the skills and knowledge that we require, and we may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals in the future. Our ability to achieve significant future revenue growth will depend on our success in recruiting, training and retaining a sufficient number of direct sales professionals. New hires require significant training and time before they become fully productive and may not become as productive as quickly as we anticipate, if at all. As a result, the cost of hiring and carrying new representatives cannot be offset by the revenues they produce for a significant period of time. Our growth prospects will be harmed if our efforts to expand, train and retain our direct sales team do not generate a corresponding significant increase in revenues. Additionally, if we fail to sufficiently invest in our marketing
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programs or they are unsuccessful in creating market awareness of our company and solution, our business may be harmed and our sales opportunities limited.
In addition to our direct sales team, we also extend our sales distribution through informal relationships with referral partners. While we are not substantially dependent upon referrals from any partner, our ability to achieve significant revenue growth in the future will depend upon continued referrals from our partners and growth of the informal network of our referral partners. We cannot be certain that these partners will prioritize or provide adequate resources for promoting our solution or that we will be successful in maintaining, expanding or developing our relationships with referral partners. If we are unable to devote sufficient time and resources to establish and educate the members of our informal referral network regarding the benefits of our solution, or if we are unable to maintain successful relationships with them, we may lose sales opportunities and our revenues could suffer.
If we fail to effectively train our clients for use of our solution and fail to provide high-quality client support, our business and reputation would suffer.
Effective client training on the Enfusion solution and high-quality, ongoing client support are critical to the successful marketing, sale and adoption of our solution and for the retention and renewal of existing client contracts. As we grow our client base, we will need to further invest in and expand our client support and training organization, which could strain our team and infrastructure and reduce profit margins. If we do not help our clients adopt our solution, quickly resolve any post-implementation matters, and provide effective ongoing client support and training, our ability to expand sales to existing and future clients and our reputation would be adversely affected.
If we are unable to effectively integrate our solution with other systems used by our clients, or if there are performance issues with such third-party systems, our solution will not operate effectively and our business and reputation will be adversely affected.
The Enfusion solution integrates with other third-party systems used by our clients. We do not have formal arrangements with many of these third-party providers regarding the delivery and receipt of client data. If we are unable to effectively integrate with third-party systems, our clients’ operations may be disrupted, which may result in disputes with clients, negatively impact client satisfaction and harm our business. If the software of such third-party providers has performance or other problems, such issues may reflect poorly on us and the adoption and renewal of our solution, and our business and reputation may be harmed.
Our sales cycle and related client implementation, especially with regard to large financial institutions and other institutional or complex client profiles, can be lengthy and variable, depend upon factors outside our control, and could cause us to expend significant time and resources.
The timing of our sales is difficult to predict. Our sales efforts involve educating prospective clients about the use, technical capabilities and benefits of our products and services. Prospective clients may undertake a prolonged product-evaluation process. We may face significant costs, long sales cycles and inherent unpredictability in completing client sales. A prospective client’s decision to purchase our solution may be an enterprise-wide decision and, if so, may require us to educate a significant number of people within the prospective client’s organization regarding the use and benefits of our solution. In addition, prospective clients may require customized features and functions unique to their business process and may require acceptance testing related to those unique features. As a result of these factors, we may be required to devote greater sales support and services resources to a number of individual prospective clients, increasing costs and time required to complete sales and diverting our sales and services resources to a smaller number of clients, while delaying revenues from other potential new clients until the sales cycle has been completed and the criteria for revenue recognition have been met.
The market data and forecasts included in this prospectus may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the markets in which we compete achieve the forecasted growth, we cannot assure you that our business will grow at similar rates, or at all.
The third-party market data and forecasts included in this prospectus, as well as our internal estimates and research, are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate, although we have no reason to believe such information is not correct and we are in any case responsible for the contents of this prospectus. If the forecasts of market growth, anticipated spending or predictions regarding market size prove to be inaccurate, our business and growth prospects could be adversely affected. Even if all or some of the forecasted growth occurs, our business may not grow at a similar rate, or at all. Our future growth is subject to many factors, including our ability to successfully implement our business strategy, which itself is subject to many risks and uncertainties. The reports described in this prospectus speak as of their respective publication dates and the opinions expressed in such reports are subject to change. Accordingly, investors in our Class A common stock are urged not to put undue reliance on such forecasts and market data.
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Natural or man-made disasters outside of our control and other similar events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may significantly disrupt our business, and negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our operating facilities and infrastructure, including our co-located data centers, may be harmed or rendered inoperable by natural or man-made disasters, including hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, floods, earthquakes, nuclear disasters, acts of terrorism or other criminal activities, infectious disease outbreaks or pandemic events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, power outages and other infrastructure failures, which may render it difficult or impossible for us to operate our business for some period of time. Our facilities would likely be costly to repair or replace, and any such efforts would likely require substantial time. Any disruptions in our operations could adversely affect our business and results of operations and harm our reputation. Moreover, although we have disaster recovery plans, they may prove inadequate. We may not carry sufficient business insurance to compensate for losses that may occur. Any such losses or damages could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, the facilities of our third-party providers may be harmed or rendered inoperable by such natural or man-made disasters, which may cause disruptions, difficulties or otherwise materially and adversely affect our business. Additionally, to the extent the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business and financial results, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this ‘‘Risk Factors’’ section, such as our ability to maintain profitability in the future, our ability to attract new clients or continue to broaden our existing clients’ use of our solution and the impact of any decrease in technology spend by clients and potential clients in the financial services industry where we derive all of our revenues.
Interruptions in the availability of server systems or network or communications with Internet, third-party hosting facilities or cloud-based services, interruptions in the third-party connections utilized by our clients, or failure to maintain the security, confidentiality, accessibility, or integrity of data stored on such systems, could harm our business or impair the delivery of our solution.
A significant portion of our software development personnel, source code and computer equipment is located at operating facilities within the United States. Certain of our internal operating systems depend on data maintained on servers running third-party enterprise resource planning, account relationship management and other business operations systems. We further rely upon a variety of Internet service providers, third-party hosting facilities and cloud computing platform providers, as well as local service providers to support project teams and users in most regions and countries throughout the world, particularly with respect to our cloud service solution. Failure to maintain the security, confidentiality, accessibility, or integrity of data stored on such systems could damage our reputation in the market and our relationships with our accounts, cause us to lose revenues or market share, increase our service costs, cause us to incur substantial costs, cause us to lose accounts, subject us to liability for damages and divert our resources from other tasks, any one of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Any damage to, or failure of, such systems, or communications to and between such systems, could result in interruptions in our operations, managed services and software development activities. Such interruptions may reduce our revenues, delay billing, cause us to issue credits or pay penalties, cause accounts to terminate their subscriptions or adversely affect our attrition rates and our ability to attract new accounts. Our business would also be harmed if our accounts and potential accounts believe our products or services are unreliable. In light of our status as a critical system for our clients, service disruptions could impact their ability to operate, and in some cases, may inhibit their ability to trade.
Failure of any of our established systems to satisfy client demands or to maintain market acceptance would harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects.
We derive a significant majority of our revenues and cash flows from our established solution and expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our revenues from this source. As such, continued market acceptance of our solution and underlying systems is critical to our growth and success. Demand for our solution is affected by a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the successful implementation of our solution, the timing of development and release of new enhancements and upgrades by us and our competitors, technological advances which reduce the appeal of our solution, changes in regulations that our clients must comply with in the jurisdictions in which they operate and the growth or contraction in the worldwide market for technological solutions for the investment management industry. If we are unable to continue to meet client demands, to achieve and maintain a technological advantage over competitors, or to maintain market acceptance of our solution, our business, results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects would be adversely affected.
We may have to invest more resources in research and development than anticipated and our research and development efforts or spend may prove fruitless or be unsuccessful, which could increase our operating expenses and negatively affect our results of operations.
We devote substantial resources to research and development. New competitors, technological advances in the software industry or by competitors, our acquisitions, our entry into new markets or client segments, or other competitive factors may require us
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to invest significantly greater resources than we anticipate. If we are required to invest significantly greater resources than anticipated without a corresponding increase in revenues, our results of operations could decline. Additionally, our periodic research and development expenses may be independent of our level of revenues, which could negatively impact our financial results.
Further, technology for which we spend a significant amount of time and resources on in our research and development may prove to be less marketable than we expect, if at all. There can be no guarantee that our research and development investments will result in products or enhancements that create additional revenues.
If we are unable to develop, introduce and market new and enhanced versions of our solution or are unable to anticipate or respond to evolving technological requirements, we may be put at a competitive disadvantage and our operating results could be adversely affected.
Our ability to increase revenues will depend, in large part, on our ability to further penetrate our existing markets and to attract new clients, as well as our ability to increase sales from existing clients who do not utilize the full Enfusion solution. The success of any enhancement or new systems or service depends on several factors, including the timely completion, introduction and market acceptance of enhanced or new system, adaptation to new industry standards and technological changes, the ability to maintain and to develop relationships with third parties, and the ability to attract, retain and effectively train sales and marketing personnel. Any new systems we develop or acquire may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner and may not achieve the market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenues. Any new industry standards or practices that emerge, or any introduction by competitors of new solutions embodying new services or technologies, may cause our solution to become obsolete. Any new markets in which we attempt to sell our solution, including new countries or regions, may not be receptive or implementation may be delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, any expansion into new markets will require commensurate ongoing expansion of our monitoring of local laws and regulations, which increases our costs as well as the risk of our solution not incorporating in a timely fashion or at all due to a failure of our solution to comply with such local laws or regulations. Our ability to further penetrate our existing markets depends on the quality of our solution and our ability to design our solution to meet changing consumer demands and industry standards, as well as our ability to assure that our clients will be satisfied with our existing and new systems. If we are unable to sell our solution into new markets or to further penetrate existing markets, or to increase sales from existing clients by expanding their relationship with us, our revenues will not grow as expected, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain it as we grow, we could lose the innovation, creativity and teamwork fostered by our culture, and our business may be adversely affected.
We believe our corporate culture is one of our fundamental strengths, as we believe it enables us to attract and retain top talent and deliver superior results for our clients. As we grow, we may find it difficult to preserve our corporate culture, which could reduce our ability to innovate and operate effectively. In turn, the failure to preserve our culture could negatively affect our ability to attract, recruit, integrate and retain employees, continue to perform at current levels, and effectively execute our business strategy. Furthermore, our growth may require us to develop a more hierarchal structure, which may impact our ability to operate swiftly and efficiently.
We may acquire or invest in companies, or pursue business partnerships, which may divert our management’s attention or result in dilution to our stockholders, and we may be unable to integrate acquired businesses and technologies successfully or achieve the expected benefits of such acquisitions, investments or partnerships.
From time to time, we consider potential strategic transactions, including acquisitions of, or investments in, businesses, technologies, services, solutions and other assets. We also may enter into relationships with other businesses to expand our solution, which could involve preferred or exclusive licenses, additional channels of distribution, discount pricing, or investments in other companies. Negotiating these transactions can be time-consuming, difficult and expensive, and our ability to close these transactions may be subject to approvals that are beyond our control. In addition, do not have any experience in acquiring other businesses. If an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business and financial position may suffer. We may not be able to find and identify desirable acquisition targets, we may incorrectly estimate the value of an acquisition target, and we may not be successful in entering into an agreement with any particular target. If we are successful in acquiring additional businesses, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including:
● | our inability to integrate or benefit from acquired technologies or services; |
● | unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition; |
● | incurrence of acquisition-related costs; |
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● | difficulty integrating the technology, accounting systems, operations, control environments and personnel of the acquired business and integrating the acquired business or its employees into our culture; |
● | difficulties and additional expenses associated with supporting legacy solutions and infrastructure of the acquired business; |
● | diversion of management’s attention and other resources; |
● | additional costs for the support or professional services model of the acquired company; |
● | adverse effects to our existing business relationships with service partners and clients; |
● | the issuance of additional equity securities that could dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders; |
● | incurrence of debt on terms unfavorable to us or that we are unable to repay; |
● | incurrence of substantial liabilities; |
● | difficulties retaining key employees of the acquired business; and |
● | adverse tax consequences, substantial depreciation or deferred compensation charges. |
In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our operating results based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Financial and Accounting Related Risks
Our revenue recognition and other factors may create volatility in our financial results in any given period and make them difficult to predict.
As described in our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 included elsewhere in this prospectus, we adopted ASC 606 effective January 1, 2019. A vast majority of our client contracts have a 30 day opt-out clause that allows clients to terminate utilizing our platform without penalty. The adoption of the ASC 606 policy did not have significant impact on the recognition of revenues from these contracts.
The increasing diversity of our contracts creates the likelihood for subscriptions revenues volatility to increase across quarterly periods. Annual and trailing twelve-months subscription revenues will be more consistent between periods, and as compared to contracts that allow for a 30 day termination, due to the annual, recurring nature of our subscription agreements. However, annual results are still subject to volatility due to the timing of renewals between periods, timing of new sales contracts, changes in contract term and length, changes in license sales and conversion of existing subscription users to other commercial offerings.
Regardless of the term of these contracts, revenues are generally billed one month in arrears based on utilization of the different attributes of platform so while utilization can be very predictable for certain aspects such as user fees, connectivity fees, market data fees, and technology-powered services fees, other aspects such as OEMS are based on actual utilization of connections, which can be cancelled or reduced month to month.
We derive substantially all of our revenues from clients in the financial services industry and any downturn or consolidation in the financial services industry, regulatory changes concerning financial technology providers, or unfavorable economic conditions affecting regions in which a significant portion of our clients are concentrated or segments of potential clients on which we focus, could harm our business.
All of our revenues are derived from participants in the financial services industry. These participants have experienced significant pressure in recent years due to economic uncertainty, liquidity concerns and increased regulation. In recent years, many financial institutions have failed, merged or been acquired and failures and consolidations are likely to continue. Further, if our clients merge with or are acquired by other entities such as financial institutions that have in-house developed virtual investment management solutions or that are not our clients or use fewer of our systems, our clients may discontinue, reduce or change the terms of their use of our solution. It is also possible that the larger financial institutions that result from mergers or consolidations could have greater leverage in negotiating terms with us or could decide to replace some or all of our solution. In addition, any downturn in the financial services industry may cause our clients to reduce their spending on cloud-based investment management solutions or to seek to terminate or
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renegotiate their contracts with us. Any of these developments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our ability to raise capital in a timely manner if needed in the future may be limited, or such capital may be unavailable on acceptable terms, if at all. Our failure to raise capital if needed could adversely affect our business and results of operations, and any debt or equity issued to raise additional capital may reduce the value of our Class A common stock.
We have funded our operations since inception primarily through receipts generated from clients and revenue sharing arrangements. We cannot be certain if our operations will continue to generate sufficient cash to fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to continue to make investments to support our business and may require additional funds. Additional financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Under our credit facility, our existing lenders have rights senior to the holders of Class A common stock to make claims on our assets, the terms of credit facility restrict our operations, and we may be unable to service or repay this debt. In addition, if we incur additional debt, the lenders would also have rights senior to holders of Class A common stock to make claims on our assets, the terms of any debt could further restrict our operations and we may be unable to service or repay such additional debt. Furthermore, if we issue additional equity securities, stockholders may experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our Class A common stock. Because our decision to issue securities in a future offering will depend on numerous considerations, including factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the impact any future incurrence of debt or issuance of equity securities will have on us. Any future incurrence of debt or issuance of equity securities could adversely affect the value of our Class A common stock.
The phase-out of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, or the replacement of LIBOR with a different reference rate, may adversely affect interest rates.
Borrowings under our credit facility bear interest at a rate determined using LIBOR as the reference rate. On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (the authority that regulates LIBOR) announced that it would phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. On March 5, 2021, ICE Benchmark Administration Limited, the authorized administrator of LIBOR, announced its intention to cease the publication of the one week and two month USD LIBOR after December 31, 2021 and the overnight and twelve month after June 30, 2023. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee has proposed the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR, as its recommended alternative to LIBOR, and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York began publishing SOFR rates in April 2018. SOFR is intended to be a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. We are evaluating the potential impact of the eventual replacement of the LIBOR benchmark interest rate, including the possibility of SOFR as the dominant replacement. Introduction of an alternative rate also may introduce additional basis risk for market participants as an alternative index is utilized along with LIBOR. There can be no guarantee that SOFR will become widely used and that alternatives may or may not be developed with additional complications. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects. We cannot predict the effect of the potential changes to LIBOR or the establishment and use of alternative rates or benchmarks, such as SOFR. Furthermore, we may need to renegotiate our credit facility or incur other indebtedness, and changes in the method of calculating LIBOR, or the use of an alternative rate or benchmark, may negatively impact the terms of such indebtedness.
Amendments to existing tax laws, rules, or regulations or enactment of new unfavorable tax laws, rules, or regulations could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act made a number of significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules, including reducing the generally applicable corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, imposing additional limitations on the deductibility of interest, placing limits on the utilization of net operating losses and making substantial changes to the international tax rules. Many of the provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act still require guidance through the issuance and/or finalization of regulations by the U.S. Treasury, and there may be substantial delays before such regulations are promulgated and/or finalized, increasing the uncertainty as to the ultimate effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on us and our stockholders. There also may be technical corrections legislation or other legislative changes proposed with respect to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the effect of which cannot be predicted and may be adverse to us or our stockholders. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department has proposed significant changes to the current U.S. federal income tax rules applicable to domestic corporations, including an increase in the generally applicable corporate tax rate from 21% to 28% and certain increases in tax rates applicable to foreign earnings. If any or all of these (or similar) proposals are ultimately enacted into law, in whole or in part, they could have a negative impact on our effective tax rate. It cannot be predicted whether or when tax laws, regulations and rulings may be enacted, issued, or amended that could materially and adversely impact our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
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Our estimates of certain operational metrics, as well as of total addressable market and market growth, are subject to inherent challenges in measurement.
We make certain estimates with regard to certain operational metrics which we track using internal systems that are not independently verified by any third party. While the metrics presented in this prospectus are based on what we believe to be reasonable assumptions and estimates, our internal systems have a number of limitations, and our methodologies for tracking these metrics may change over time. Additionally, total addressable market and growth estimates are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. Our estimates relating to size and expected growth of our market may prove to be inaccurate. Even if the market in which we compete meets our size and growth estimates, our business could fail to grow at similar rates. If investors do not perceive our estimates of total addressable market and market growth or our operational metrics to be accurate, or if we discover material inaccuracies with respect to these figures, our reputation may be significantly harmed, and our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
We are subject to certain restrictive covenants under agreements relating to our indebtedness. In addition, substantially all of our assets, including our intellectual property, are pledged as collateral to secure such indebtedness.
Our credit facility contains a number of restrictive covenants which, among other things, require us to maintain specified financial ratios and impose certain limitations on us with respect to investments, asset sales, additional indebtedness, dividends, distributions, guarantees, liens and encumbrances. Our ability to meet these financial ratios can be affected by operating performance or other events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will meet those ratios. Certain events of default under our credit facility could allow the lenders to declare all amounts outstanding to be immediately due and payable and, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We have pledged substantially all of our assets, including our intellectual property, in support of the credit facility. If we were unable to repay the amounts due under our credit facility or fail to cure any breach of the covenants contained thereunder, our lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure such indebtedness.
Our obligations to issue Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan could expose us to a variety of risks and will cause us to recognize significant stock-based compensation expense that will substantially impact our net income in the near term.
We previously adopted a Change in Control Bonus Plan, which provided for the payment of cash amounts to certain eligible employees upon the occurrence of a change in control of our company. The aggregate amount of payment that could have been made to all participants under the Change in Control Bonus Plan may have been as much as 18% of the gross consideration received by us or our stockholders in a change in control transaction. As described in “Executive Compensation—Change in Control Bonus Plan” below, the board of managers of Enfusion Ltd. LLC has elected to terminate the Change in Control Bonus Plan (and all Award Units issued thereunder) effective following effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part. The value, based on our valuation in this offering, of all Award Units that are vested at effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part and Award Units that would vesthave vested within one year thereafter will be paid to participants in the Change in Control Bonus Plan in the form of vested shares of Class A common stock between the first and second anniversaries of such date of effectiveness. Based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, we will issue upapproximately 15,244,764 shares of Class A common stock to approximatelyformer holders of vested Award Units and 1,649,884 shares of Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units that would have vested within one year after effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part, in satisfaction of the obligations described above. EachA $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share would increase or decrease, as applicable, the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock that we would be obligated to issue to former holders of Award Units as described above by approximately shares.226,176 shares, and additional $1.00 increases would further increase the aggregate number of shares by a progressively smaller amount. A $1.00 decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share would decrease the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock that we would be obligated to issue to former holders of Award Units as described above by approximately 256,340 shares, and additional $1.00 decreases would further decrease the aggregate number of shares by a progressively smaller amount. As of this offering, and based on an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, the number of shares to be issued between the first and second anniversaries of effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part in satisfaction of the obligations described above will increase the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock outstanding by approximately %,16.8%, resulting in significant dilution to holders of our capital stock. In addition, in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which we were obligated to pay a percentage of our annual net profits to a non-executive employee, we will issue 2,047,064 shares of Class A common stock to such employee between the first and second anniversaries of the
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effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part. Any such issuance of Class A common stock described above, or the fact of any such impending issuance, may adversely impact the market price of our Class A common stock.
We estimate that our tax withholding obligations in connection with the issuance of such shares would be approximately $$132.7 million if the value of our Class A common stock at the time of issuance is the same as the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share. The amount of these obligations could be higher or lower depending on the value of our Class A common stock at the time of issuance of these shares and the applicable tax withholding rates. We may satisfy our tax withholding obligations in connection with the issuance of such shares of Class A common stock, in whole or in part, in a variety of ways, including (but not limited to) (i) by withholding from such shares a number of shares with a value (as of the date the withholding is effected) that would satisfy the
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withholding amount due or (ii) through a “sell to cover” arrangement whereby a certain number of shares would be sold into the market with proceeds from such sale remitted to us in an amount that would satisfy the withholding amount due. We may raise the cash required to satisfy our withholding obligations in other ways, including through the issuance of additional equity or debt. See the risk factor titled “Future offerings of debt or equity securities by us may materially and adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock” for a discussion of related risks. At the time of the offering, we will have an initial withholding tax obligation of approximately $$14.8 million to satisfy federal payroll taxes, which we plan to satisfy with proceeds from this offering.
The issuance of shares of our Class A common stock in satisfaction of our obligations to former participants in the Change in Control Bonus Plan will result in significant stock-based compensation expense. At the time of the offering, we expect to recognize stock-based compensation expense of approximately $$248.5 million (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus)prospectus, and reflecting a discount for lack of marketability due to the post-vesting restriction because, although fully vested, the shares will not be issued until at least one year after this offering) in connection with the future issuance of shares of Class A common stock to (i) former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan and (ii) a non-executive employee in exchange for the termination of a profit sharing agreement. Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share would increase or decrease, as applicable, this estimated stock-based compensation expense by approximately $17.5 million. We also expect to recognize approximately $18.0 million and $6.2 million in the remainder of 2021 and in 2022, respectively, in stock-based compensation expense in connection with the future issuance of shares of Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan. Each $1.00 increase or decrease in thePlan that would have vested within one year after this offering (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, would increase or decrease, as applicable,which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this estimatedprospectus, and reflecting a discount for lack of marketability due to the post-vesting restriction because the shares will vest within the next year but will not be issued until at least one year after this offering). In addition, we expect to recognize approximately $6.4 million, $25.0 million, and $11.4 million in the remainder of 2021, and in 2022 and 2023, respectively, in stock-based compensation expense by approximately $ .related to restricted stock units granted in connection with this offering. These non-cash charges do not impact our revenues or Adjusted EBITDA; however, they will have a direct and substantial adverse impact on our net income for the periods in which we issue such shares. We will also have stock-based compensation expense in connection with the restricted stock units that will be granted in connection with this offering, as described in “Executive Compensation—IPO Equity Grants”, which expense will be recognized in future periods based on vesting.income. The impact of these equity-related matters on our net income may adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock.
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, including trade secrets, or if we fail to enforce our intellectual property rights, our business could be adversely affected.
Our success depends upon our ability to protect our intellectual property, which may require us to incur significant costs. We have developed much of our intellectual property internally, and we rely on a combination of confidentiality obligations in contracts, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secret laws and other contractual restrictions to establish and protect our intellectual property and other proprietary rights. In particular, we enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and enter into confidentiality agreements with the parties with whom we have business relationships in which they will have access to our confidential information. We also rely upon licenses to intellectual property from third parties. No assurance can be given that these agreements or other steps we take to protect our intellectual property or the third-party intellectual property used in our solution will be effective in controlling access to and distribution of our solution and our confidential and proprietary information. We will not be able to protect our intellectual property if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized uses of our intellectual property.
Despite our precautions, it may be possible for third parties to copy our solution and use information that we regard as proprietary to create solutions and services that compete with ours. Third parties may also independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent to our solution. Some license provisions protecting against unauthorized use, copying, transfer and disclosure of our solution may be unenforceable under the laws of certain jurisdictions.
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In some cases, litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights or to protect our trade secrets. Litigation could be costly, time consuming and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights and exposing us to significant damages or injunctions. Our inability to protect our intellectual property against unauthorized copying or use, as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management's attention and resources, could delay sales or the implementation of our solution, impair the functionality of our solution, delay introductions of new systems, result in our substituting less-advanced or more-costly technologies into our solution or harm our reputation. In addition, we may be required to license additional intellectual property from third parties to develop and market new systems, and we cannot assure you that we could license that intellectual property on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary technology and trade secrets, unauthorized parties may attempt to misappropriate, reverse engineer, or otherwise obtain and use them. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets, in which case we would not be able to assert trade secret rights, or develop similar technologies and processes. Further, the contractual provisions that we enter into may not prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary technology or intellectual property rights and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary technology or intellectual property rights. Moreover, policing unauthorized use of our technologies, trade secrets and intellectual property is difficult, expensive and time-
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consuming,time-consuming, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the United States and where mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be weak. We may be unable to determine the extent of any unauthorized use or infringement of our solution, technologies or intellectual property rights. If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our business could be adversely affected.
Claims or assertions by third parties of infringement or other violations by us of their intellectual property rights could result in significant costs and substantially harm our business and results of operations.
Vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights has resulted in protracted and expensive litigation for many companies in the technology industry. Although claims of this kind have not materially affected our business to date, there can be no assurance such claims will not arise in the future. Any claims or proceedings against us, regardless of whether meritorious, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Intellectual property lawsuits are subject to inherent uncertainties due to the complexity of the technical issues involved, and we cannot be certain that we will be successful in defending ourselves against intellectual property claims. In addition, we may not be able to effectively use our intellectual property portfolio to assert defenses or counterclaims in response to copyright, patent and trademark infringement claims or litigation, as well as claims for trade secret misappropriation and unfair competition, brought against us by third parties.
Many potential litigants have the capability to dedicate substantially greater resources to enforce their intellectual property rights and to defend claims that may be brought against them. Furthermore, a successful claimant could secure a judgment that requires us to pay substantial damages or prevents us from distributing certain systems or performing certain services. We might also be required to seek a license and pay royalties for the use of such intellectual property, which may not be available on commercially acceptable terms or at all. Alternatively, we may be required to develop non-infringing technology, which could require significant effort and expense and may ultimately not be successful.
If our solution infringes on the intellectual property rights of others, we may be required to obtain costly licenses, enter into unfavorable royalty agreements, be forced to terminate some clients’ agreements, or indemnify our clients for any or some damages they suffer.
We generally indemnify our clients with respect to infringement by our products of the proprietary rights of third parties. Third parties may assert infringement claims against our clients. These claims may require us to initiate or defend protracted and costly litigation on behalf of our clients, regardless of the merits of these claims. If any of these claims succeed, we may be forced to pay damages on behalf of our clients or may be required to obtain licenses for the products they use. If we cannot obtain all necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, our clients may stop using our products.
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We use "open source" software in our solution, which may restrict how we use or distribute our solution, require that we release the source code of certain software subject to open source licenses, or subject us to litigation or other actions that could adversely affect our business.
We currently use in our solution, and may use in the future, software that is licensed under "open source," "free" or other similar licenses where the licensed software is made available to the general public on an "as-is" basis under the terms of a specific non-negotiable license. Some open source software licenses require that software subject to the license be made available to the public and that any modifications or derivative works based on the open source code be licensed in source code form under the same open source licenses. Although we monitor our use of open source software, we cannot assure you that all open source software is reviewed prior to use in our solution, that our programmers have not incorporated open source software into our solution, or that they will not do so in the future. In addition, some of our products may incorporate third-party software under commercial licenses. We cannot be certain whether such third-party software incorporates open source software without our knowledge. In the past, companies that incorporate open source software into their products have faced claims alleging noncompliance with open source license terms or infringement or misappropriation of proprietary software. Therefore, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming noncompliance with open source licensing terms or infringement or misappropriation of proprietary software. Because few courts have interpreted open source licenses, the manner in which these licenses may be interpreted and enforced is subject to some uncertainty. There is a risk that open source software licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market or provide our solution. As a result of using open source software subject to such licenses, we could be required to release our proprietary source
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code, pay damages, re-engineer our products, limit or discontinue sales, or take other remedial action, any of which could adversely affect our business.
Risks Related to Legal and Regulatory Matters
Although we are not subject to direct regulation, the regulatory environment in which our clients operate is subject to continual change and regulatory developments designed to increase oversight could adversely affect our business.
Although we are not currently subject to direct regulation, the legislative and regulatory environment in which our clients operate undergoes continuous change, subjecting industry participants to additional, more costly and potentially more punitive regulation. New laws or regulations, or changes in the enforcement of existing laws or regulations, applicable to our clients or directly applicable to us could adversely affect our business subjecting us to additional costs. Any or all of the regulators who oversee our clients could adopt new rules or rule amendments that could substantially impact how we operate and may necessitate significant expenditures in order to adapt and comply. Our ability to support our clients in an uncertain and ever-changing regulatory environment will depend on our ability to constantly monitor and promptly react to legislative and regulatory changes, which inevitably result in intangible costs and resource drains. The compliance burden resulting from regulatory changes and uncertainty is likely to increase, particularly as regulators grow more technologically advanced and more reliant on data analytics. As a result, we may be forced to divert resources and expenditures to information technology in order to analyze data and risk in the same manner as regulators to be able to assist our clients in providing regulators with the data output they may expect going forward.
There also have been a number of highly publicized regulatory inquiries that have focused on the investment management industry. These inquiries have resulted in increased scrutiny of the industry and new rules and regulations for mutual funds and investment managers. This regulatory scrutiny may limit our ability to engage in certain activities that might be beneficial to our stockholders. Further, adverse results of regulatory investigations of mutual fund, investment advisory and financial services firms could tarnish the reputation of the financial services industry generally and mutual funds and investment advisers more specifically, causing investors to avoid further fund investments or redeem their account balances. Further, due to acts of serious fraud in the investment management industry and perceived lapses in regulatory oversight, U.S. and non-U.S. governmental and regulatory authorities may continue to increase regulatory oversight of our clients’ businesses.
This evolving, complex and often unpredictable regulatory environment could result in our failure to provide a compliant solution, which could result in clients not purchasing our solution or terminating their agreements with us or the imposition of fines or other liabilities for which we may be responsible. In addition, federal, state, local and/or foreign agencies may attempt to further regulate our activities in the future. If enacted or deemed applicable to us, such laws, rules, or regulations could be imposed on our activities or our business thereby rendering our business or operations more costly, burdensome, less efficient, or impossible, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
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Any future litigation against us could damage our reputation and be costly and time-consuming to defend.
We may become subject, from time to time, to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as claims brought by our clients in connection with commercial disputes or employment claims made by current or former employees. Litigation might result in reputational damage and substantial costs and may divert management’s attention and resources, which might adversely impact our business, overall financial condition and results of operations. Insurance might not cover such claims, might not provide sufficient payments to cover all the costs to resolve one or more such claims and might not continue to be available on terms acceptable to us. Moreover, any negative impact to our reputation will not be adequately covered by any insurance recovery. A claim brought against us that is uninsured or underinsured could result in unanticipated costs, thereby reducing our results of operations and leading analysts or potential investors to reduce their expectations of our performance, which could reduce the value of our Class A common stock. While we currently are not aware of any material pending or threatened litigation against us, we can make no assurances the same will continue to be true in the future.
Our failure to comply with laws and regulations related to the Internet or future government regulation of the Internet, could increase costs and impose constraints on the way we conduct our business.
We and our clients are subject to laws and regulations applicable to doing business over the Internet. It is often not clear how existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, sales and other taxes apply to the Internet, as these laws have in some cases failed to keep pace with technological change. Laws governing the Internet could also impact our business or the business of our clients. For instance, existing and future regulations on taxing Internet use, pricing, characterizing the types and quality of services and products, or restricting the exchange of information over the Internet or mobile devices could result in reduced growth of our business, a general
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decline in the use of the Internet by financial services providers, or their end users, or diminished viability of our solution and could significantly restrict our clients’ ability to use our solution. Changing laws and regulations, industry standards and industry self-regulation regarding the collection, use and disclosure of certain data may have similar effects on our and our clients’ businesses. Any such constraint on the growth in Internet could decrease its acceptance as a medium of communication and commerce or result in increased adoption of new modes of communication and commerce that may not be supported by our solution. Any such adverse legal or regulatory developments could substantially harm our operating results and our business.
Our failure to comply with the FCPA and similar anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws associated with our activities outside the United States could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.
A portion of our revenues are derived from jurisdictions outside of the United States. We are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits U.S. companies and their intermediaries from making payments to foreign officials for the purpose of directing, obtaining, or keeping business and requires companies to maintain reasonable books and records and a system of internal accounting controls. The FCPA applies to companies and individuals alike, including company directors, officers, employees and agents. Under the FCPA, U.S. companies may be held liable for corrupt actions taken by employees, strategic, or local partners or other representatives. In addition, the government may seek to rely on a theory of successor liability and hold us responsible for FCPA violations committed by companies or associated with assets that we acquire.
In certain foreign jurisdictions where we currently operate or plan to expand our operations, particularly countries with developing economies, it may be a local custom for businesses to engage in practices that are prohibited by the FCPA or other similar laws and regulations. There can be no assurance that our colleagues, partners and agents, as well as those companies to which we outsource certain of our business operations, will not take actions in violation of the FCPA or our policies for which we may be ultimately held responsible. If we or our intermediaries fail to comply with the requirements of the FCPA or similar anti-bribery and anti-corruption legislation such as the United Kingdom Bribery Act and the China Unfair Competition law, governmental authorities in the United States and elsewhere could seek to impose civil and/or criminal fines and penalties, which could harm our business, financial conditions and results of operations. We may also face collateral consequences such as debarment and the loss of our export privileges.
Our failure to comply with various data privacy, security, or management regulations could impose additional costs and liabilities on us, limit our use, storage, or processing of information and adversely affect our business.
We operate in a regulatory environment in which requirements applicable to privacy, data protection and data security are continually evolving. We cannot assure you that relevant governmental authorities will not interpret or implement the laws or regulations in ways that negatively affect the cloud service industry, our clients and us. Regulatory investigations, restrictions, penalties and sanctions, whether targeted at us or not, may negatively affect the market environment in which we operate, our existing or potential clients and our products and services, which may in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. It is also possible that we may become subject to additional or new laws and regulations regarding privacy, data protection
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and data security in connection with the data we have access to and the data products and services we provide to our clients. Moreover, we may become subject to regulatory requirements as a result of utilization of our products and services by residents of, or travelers who visit, certain jurisdictions, such as the General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union, or the GDPR. Complying with additional or new regulatory requirements could force us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices. Moreover, if a high profile security breach occurs with respect to our competitors, people may lose trust in the security of cloud service providers generally, including us, which could damage the reputation of the industry, result in heightened regulation and strengthened regulatory enforcement and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We expect that we will continue to face uncertainty as to whether our efforts to comply with evolving obligations under global data protection, privacy and security laws will be sufficient. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with applicable laws and regulations could result in reputational damage or proceedings or actions against us by governmental authorities, individuals or others. These proceedings or actions could subject us to significant civil or criminal penalties and negative publicity, require us to change our business practices, increase our costs and materially harm our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our current and future relationships with clients, vendors and other third parties could be negatively affected by any proceedings or actions against us or current or future data protection obligations imposed on them under applicable law, including the GDPR. Furthermore, a data breach affecting personal information could result in significant legal and financial exposure and reputational damage that could potentially have an adverse effect on our business.
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Our failure to comply with the GDPR or other data privacy regimes could subject us to fines and reputational harm.
Global privacy, data protection and security legislation, enforcement and policy activity are rapidly expanding and creating a complex data privacy compliance environment and the potential for high profile negative publicity in the event of any data breach. We are subject to many privacy and data protection laws and regulations in the United States and around the world, some of which place restrictions on our ability to process personal data across our business. For example, the GDPR imposes stringent requirements relating to, among other things, consent to process personal data of individuals, the information provided to individuals regarding the processing of their personal data, the security and confidentiality of personal data and notifications in the event of data breaches and use of third-party processors. The GDPR imposes substantial fines for breaches of data protection requirements, which can be up to four percent of the worldwide revenues or 20 million Euros, whichever is greater. While we will continue to undertake efforts to conform to current regulatory obligations and evolving best practices, we may be unsuccessful in conforming to means of transferring personal data from the European Economic Area. We may also experience hesitancy, reluctance, or refusal by European or multi-national clients to continue to use some of our services due to the potential risk exposure of personal data transfers and the current data protection obligations imposed on them by certain data protection authorities. Such clients may also view any alternative approaches to the transfer of any personal data as being too costly, too burdensome, or otherwise objectionable, and therefore may decide not to do business with us if the transfer of personal data is a necessary requirement. In addition, further to the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union on January 31, 2020, the GDPR ceased to apply in the United Kingdom at the end of the transition period on December 31, 2020. However, as of January 1, 2021, the United Kingdom’s European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 incorporated the GDPR (as it existed on December 31, 2020 but subject to certain United Kingdom specific amendments) into United Kingdom law, or the UK GDPR. The UK GDPR and the UK Data Protection Act 2018 set out the United Kingdom’s data protection regime, which is independent from but aligned to the European Union’s data protection regime.
In the United States, many state legislatures have adopted legislation that regulates how businesses operate online, including measures relating to privacy, data security and data breaches. Laws in all 50 states require businesses to provide notice to customers whose personally identifiable information has been disclosed as a result of a data breach. The laws are not consistent, and compliance in the event of a widespread data breach is costly. States are also constantly amending existing laws, requiring attention to frequently changing regulatory requirements. Further, California recently enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act, or the CCPA, which became effective on January 1, 2020 and the California Privacy Rights Act, or the CPRA, which will become effective on January 1, 2023. The CCPA and CPRA give California residents expanded rights to access and delete their personal information, opt out of certain personal information sharing and receive detailed information about how their personal information is used. The CCPA and CPRA provide for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches that is expected to increase data breach litigation. The CCPA and CPRA may increase our compliance costs and potential liability.
In addition, on March 2, 2021, Virginia enacted the Consumer Data Protection Act, or the CPDA.CDPA. The CDPA will become effective January 1, 2023. The CDPA will regulate how businesses (which the CDPA refers to as “controllers”) collect and share personal information. While the CDPA incorporates many similar concepts of the CCPA and CPRA, there are also several key differences in the scope, application and enforcement of the law that will change the operational practices of controllers. The new law will impact how controllers collect and process personal sensitive data, conduct data protection assessments, transfer personal data to affiliates and respond to consumer rights requests.
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The enactment of the CCPA, CPRA and CPDACDPA could mark the beginning of a trend toward more stringent privacy legislation in the United States, which could increase our potential liability and adversely affect our business.
Although we take reasonable efforts to comply with all applicable laws and regulations and have invested and continue to invest human and technology resources into data privacy compliance efforts, there can be no assurance that we will not be subject to regulatory action, including fines, in the event of an incident or other claim. We or our third-party service providers could be adversely affected if legislation or regulations are expanded to require changes in our or our third-party service providers’ business practices or if governing jurisdictions interpret or implement their legislation or regulations in ways that negatively affect our or our third-party service providers’ business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Though our term licensing model does not significantly collect and transfer personal information from our clients to us, our increased focus on SaaS solutions and the current data protection landscape may subject us to greater risk of potential inquiries and/or enforcement actions. For example, we may find it necessary to establish alternative systems to maintain personal data originating from the European Union in the European Economic Area, which may involve substantial expense and may cause us to divert resources from other aspects of our business, all of which may adversely affect our results from operations. Further, any inability to adequately address privacy concerns in connection with our solution, or comply with applicable privacy or data protection laws, regulations and policies, could result in additional cost and liability to us, and adversely affect our ability to offer SaaS solutions.
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Anticipated further evolution of regulations on this topic may substantially increase the penalties to which we could be subject in the event of any non-compliance. We may incur substantial expense in complying with the new obligations to be imposed by new regulations and we may be required to make significant changes to our solution and expanding business operations, all of which may adversely affect our results of operations.
Uncertainty in the marketplace regarding the use, processing and storage of personal information, or legislation concerning such use, processing, or storage could reduce demand for our services and result in increased expenses.
Concern among consumers and legislators regarding the use of personal information gathered from Internet users could create uncertainty in the marketplace. This could reduce demand for our solution, increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or otherwise harm our business.
Our business is subject to new, complex and evolving U.S. and foreign laws and regulations regarding privacy and data protection.
Our business is subject to complex and evolving U.S. and foreign laws and regulations regarding privacy and data protection. The regulatory environment surrounding data privacy and protection is constantly evolving and can be subject to significant change. New laws and regulations governing data privacy and the unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, including the GDPR in jurisdictions in which we operate, such as the European Union, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Hong Kong, India and Singapore, and recent state legislation in the United States, pose increasingly complex compliance challenges and potentially elevate our costs. Any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with applicable data protection laws could result in proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or others, subject us to significant fines, penalties, judgments and negative publicity, require us to change our business practices, increase the costs and complexity of compliance and adversely affect our business. As noted above, we are also subject to the possibility of cyber incidents or attacks, which themselves may result in a violation of these laws. Additionally, if we acquire a company that has violated or is not in compliance with applicable data protection laws, we may incur significant liabilities and penalties as a result.
Failure to comply with governmental laws and regulations could harm our business, materially and adversely affect us and cause our stock price to decline significantly.
Our business is subject to regulation by various federal, state, local and foreign governmental agencies, including agencies responsible for monitoring and enforcing employment and labor laws, workplace safety, product safety, environmental laws, consumer protection laws, anti-bribery laws, import/export controls, federal securities laws and tax laws and regulations. In certain jurisdictions, these regulatory requirements may be more stringent than those in the United States. Noncompliance with applicable regulations or requirements could subject us to investigations, sanctions, revocation of required licenses, enforcement actions, disgorgement of profits, fines, damages, civil and criminal penalties, or injunctions. If any governmental sanctions are imposed, or if we do not prevail in any possible civil or criminal litigation, we could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, responding to any action will likely result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and an increase in legal and professional costs and expenses.
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We are not a registered broker-dealer and therefore we do not execute trades. We provide passive communication technology to institutional investors, such as money managers and hedge funds, that enables such investors to communicate with executing brokers, prime brokers and clearing firms. As such, we must ensure that our technology activities and our compensation structure therefore would not result in our acting as an unregistered broker-dealer or investment adviser that could subject us to, among other things, regulatory enforcement actions, monetary fines, restrictions on the conduct of our technology business and rescission/damages claims by clients who use our technology. Our failure to comply with any laws or regulations, or the costs associated with defending any action alleging our noncompliance with any laws or regulations, could materially and adversely affect us and cause our stock price to decline significantly.
Risks Related to Our Class A Common Stock Offering
The market price and trading volume of our Class A common stock may be volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our stockholders.
The market price of our Class A common stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our Class A common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our Class A common stock declines significantly, stockholders’ may be unable to resell their shares at or above their purchase price, if at all. The market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our Class A common stock include:
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● | variations in our quarterly or annual operating results; |
● | our ability to attract new clients, particularly larger clients, in both domestic and international markets and our ability to increase sales to and renew agreements with our existing clients, particularly larger clients, at comparable prices; |
● | the timing of our clients’ buying decisions and reductions in our clients’ budgets for IT purchases and delays in their purchasing cycles, particularly in light of recent adverse global economic conditions; |
● | changes in our earnings estimates (if provided) or differences between our actual financial and operating results and those expected by investors and analysts; |
● | the contents of published research reports about us or our industry or the failure of securities analysts to cover our Class A common stock; |
● | additions to, or departures of, key management personnel; |
● | any increased indebtedness we may incur in the future; |
● | announcements and public filings by us or others and developments affecting us; |
● | actions by institutional stockholders; |
● | litigation and governmental investigations; |
● | operating and stock performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to us (and changes in their market valuations) and overall performance of the equity markets; |
● | speculation or reports by the press or investment community with respect to us or our industry in general; |
● | increases in market interest rates that may lead purchasers of our shares to demand a higher yield; |
● | announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, dispositions, strategic relationships, joint ventures or capital commitments; |
● | announcements or actions taken by significant stockholders; |
● | sales of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock by significant stockholders or our insiders, or the expectation that such sales might occur; |
● | volatility or economic downturns in the markets in which we, our clients and our partners are located caused by pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic and related policies and restrictions undertaken to contain the spread of such pandemics or potential pandemics; and |
● | general market, political and economic conditions, in the investment management industry in particular, including any such conditions and local conditions in the markets in which any of our clients are located. |
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These broad market and industry factors may decrease the market price of our Class A common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. The stock market in general has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.
Our securities have no prior market and an active trading market for our Class A common stock may never develop or be sustained and out stock price may decline after the offering.
Prior to this offering there has been no public market for our Class A common stock. The initial public offering price for our Class A common stock will be determined through negotiations between us and the representatives of the underwriters and may not be indicative of the market price of our Class A common stock after this offering. If investors purchase shares of our Class A common stock, they may not be able to resell those shares at or above the initial public offering price. We cannot predict the extent to which investor interest in us will lead to the development of an active trading market on or otherwise or how liquid that market might become. An active public market for our Class A common stock may not develop or be sustained after the offering. If an active public market does not develop or is not sustained, it may be difficult for our investors to sell their shares of Class A common stock at a price that is attractive to them, or at all.
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Future sales of shares by existing stockholders could cause our stock price to decline.
If our existing stockholders, including employees who obtain equity, sell, or indicate an intention to sell, substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market after the lock-up and legal restrictions on resale discussed in this prospectus lapse, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline. Based on shares outstanding as of , 2021, uponUpon the completion of this offering, we will have 64,066,841 shares of Class A common stock outstanding, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. Of these shares, only the shares of Class A common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable, without restriction, in the public market immediately after the offering. Each of our directors, executive officers and holders of substantially all of our outstanding equity securities are subject to lock-up agreements that restrict their ability to sell or transfer their shares for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions. After the lock-up agreements expire, 45,316,841 shares held by our directors, executive officers and other affiliates will be eligible for sale in the public market subject to volume limitations under Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and various vesting agreements. Sales of a substantial number of such shares upon expiration or earlier release of the lock-up and market stand-off agreements or, the perception that such sales may occur, could cause our market price to fall or make it more difficult for you to sell your Class A common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate.
We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act covering all the shares of Class A common stock subject toor derivatives thereof issued under our stock options outstandingplans and reserved for issuance under our stock plans. That registration statement will become effective immediately on filing, and shares covered by that registration statement will be eligible for sale in the public markets, subject to Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates and the lock-up agreements described above. If these additional shares are sold, or if it is perceived that they will be sold in the public market, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline.
If you purchase our Class A common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution.
The assumed initial public offering price is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our Class A common stock of $($0.76) per share as of June 30, 2021. Investors purchasing Class A common stock in this offering will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the book value of our tangible assets after subtracting our liabilities, goodwill, intangible assets and redeemable non-controlling interest. As a result, investors purchasing Class A common stock in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $$15.25 per share, based on the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. This dilution is due to the substantially lower price paid by our investors who purchased shares prior to this offering as compared to the price offered to the public in this offering.
We have broad discretion in how we may use the net proceeds from this offering, and we may not use them effectively.
The principal purposes of this offering are to create a public market for our Class A common stock, facilitate access to the public equity markets, increase our visibility in the marketplace and obtain additional capital to support further growth in our business. Our management will have broad discretion in applying the net proceeds we receive from this offering. We may use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including working capital, operating expenses and capital expenditures. We may use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire complementary businesses, products, services, or technologies. However, we do not have agreements or
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commitments to enter into any acquisitions at this time. We may also spend or invest these proceeds in a way with which our stockholders disagree. If our management fails to use these funds effectively, our business could be seriously harmed.
If securities or industry analysts either do not publish research about us or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about us, our business, or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our Class A common stock adversely, the trading price or trading volume of our Class A common stock could decline.
The trading market for our Class A common stock will be influenced in part by the research and reports that securities or industry analysts may publish about us, our business, our market, or our competitors. If one or more analysts initiate research with an unfavorable rating or downgrade our Class A common stock, provide a more favorable recommendation about our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our Class A common stock price would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the trading price or trading volume of our Class A common stock to decline.
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As an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, we are permitted to, and intend to, rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements, which could make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.
As an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, we are relying on permitted exemptions from certain disclosure requirements. In particular, we have not included all of the executive compensation related information that would be required in this prospectus if we were not an emerging growth company. In addition, for so long as we are an emerging growth company, we will not be required to:
● | have an auditor report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; |
● | comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor's report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis); and |
● | submit certain executive compensation matters to stockholder advisory votes, such as “say on pay” and “say on frequency.” |
Because of these exemptions and the other reduced disclosure obligations for emerging growth companies set forth elsewhere in this prospectus, our stock may appear less attractive to investors and could cause our stock price to decline.
Although we intend to rely on certain of the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act, the exact implications of the JOBS Act for us are still subject to interpretations and guidance by the SEC and other regulatory agencies. Also, as our business grows, we may no longer satisfy the conditions of an emerging growth company. We will remain an "emerging growth company" until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more; (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering; (iii) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt; and (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a "large accelerated filer" under the Exchange Act. We will be deemed a large accelerated filer on the first day of the fiscal year after the market value of our common equity held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million, measured on June 30. If investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result of our reliance on certain of the JOBS Act exemptions, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock, and our stock price may be more volatile.
In addition, section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have chosen to "opt in" such extended transition period, and as a result, we will not initially have to comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies.
As a result of becoming a public company, we will be obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting and any failure to maintain the adequacy of these internal controls may adversely affect investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our Class A common stock.
We will eventually be required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis. This assessment will need to
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include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. Our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC following the date we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. We will be required to disclose significant changes made in our internal control procedures on a quarterly basis.
Our compliance with Section 404 will require that we incur substantial accounting expense and expend significant management efforts. We currently do not have an internal audit group, and we may need to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge and compile the system and process documentation necessary to perform the evaluation needed to comply with Section 404.
During the evaluation and testing process of our internal controls, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. We cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting in the
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future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report our financial condition and operating results. If we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm determines we have a material weakness or significant deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.
Future offerings of debt or equity securities by us may materially and adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.
In the future, we may attempt to obtain financing or to further increase our capital resources by issuing additional shares of our Class A common stock or offering debt or other equity securities, including senior or subordinated notes, debt securities convertible into equity, or shares of preferred stock. In addition, we may seek to expand operations in the future to other markets which we would expect to finance through a combination of additional issuances of equity, corporate indebtedness and/or cash from operations.
Issuing additional shares of our Class A common stock or other equity securities or securities convertible into equity may dilute the economic and voting rights of our existing stockholders or reduce the market price of our Class A common stock or both. Upon liquidation, holders of such debt securities and preferred shares, if issued, and lenders with respect to other borrowings would receive a distribution of our available assets prior to the holders of our Class A common stock. Debt securities convertible into equity could be subject to adjustments in the conversion ratio pursuant to which certain events may increase the number of equity securities issuable upon conversion. Preferred shares, if issued, could have a preference with respect to liquidating distributions or a preference with respect to dividend payments that could limit our ability to pay dividends to the holders of our Class A common stock. Our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, which may adversely affect the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus, holders of our Class A common stock bear the risk that our future offerings may reduce the market price of our Class A common stock and dilute their stockholdings in us.
The future issuance of additional Class A common stock in connection with our incentive plans or otherwise will dilute all other stockholdings.
After this offering, assuming the underwriters exercise their option to purchasewe may issue additional shares of Class A common stock in full, we will have an aggregatethat are authorized under our amended and restated certificate of shares of Class A common stock authorizedincorporation but unissued and not currently issued or reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. WeSubject to applicable law and stock exchange rules, we may issue all of these shares of Class A common stock without any action or approval by our stockholders, subject to certain exceptions. Any Class A common stock issued in connection with our incentive plans, the exercise of outstanding stock options or otherwise would dilute the percentage ownership held by the investors who purchase Class A common stock in this offering.
We will incur increased costs and administrative burdens in connection with operating as a public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices. We may fail to comply with the rules that apply to public companies, including Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which could result in sanctions or other penalties that would harm our business.
As a public company, and particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we will begin to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company, including costs resulting from public company reporting
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obligations under the Securities Act, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and regulations regarding corporate governance practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the rules of the SEC, the listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies, including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. We have begun to hire additional accounting, finance and other personnel in connection with our becoming, and our efforts to comply with the requirements of being, a public company, and our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time towards maintaining compliance with these requirements. These requirements will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. We are currently evaluating these rules and regulations and cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs. These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we will incur as a result of becoming a public company or the timing of such costs. Any changes we make to comply with these obligations may not be sufficient to allow us to satisfy our obligations as a public company on a timely basis, or at all. These reporting requirements, rules and regulations, coupled with the increase in
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potential litigation exposure associated with being a public company, could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or board committees or to serve as executive officers, or to obtain certain types of insurance, including directors’ and officers’ insurance, on acceptable terms.
Pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404, we will be required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting beginning with our second filing of an Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC. In order to maintain effective internal controls, we will need additional financial personnel, systems and resources. However, while we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. To achieve compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404 within the prescribed period, we will be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants, adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that we will not be able to conclude, within the prescribed timeframe or at all, that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404. If we identify one or more material weaknesses, it could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.
To date, we have not conducted a review of our internal controls for the purpose of providing the reports required by these rules. During the course of our review and testing, we have in the past and may in the future, identify deficiencies and be unable to remediate them before we must provide the required reports. Furthermore, if we have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, we may not detect errors on a timely basis and our financial statements may be materially misstated. We or our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting, which could harm our operating results, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and cause the trading price of our stock to fall. In addition, as a public company we will be required to file accurate and timely quarterly and annual reports with the SEC under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. Any failure to report our financial results on an accurate and timely basis could result in sanctions, lawsuits, delisting of our shares from the New York Stock Exchange or other adverse consequences that would materially harm our business and reputation.
Our amended and restated bylaws will designate a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
Our amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf under Delaware law, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders, (3) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or bylaws, (4) any other action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (5) any other action asserting an “internal corporate claim,” as defined in Section 115 of the DGCL, shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) in all cases subject to the court having jurisdiction over indispensable parties named as defendants. These exclusive forum provisions do not apply to claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
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To the extent that any such claims may be based upon federal law claims, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.
Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. However, our amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, contains a federal forum provision which provides that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.
Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision; provided, however, that stockholders cannot and will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. This exclusive forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability
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to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. If a court were to find the exclusive forum provision in our amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could harm our results of operations.
Insiders will continue to have substantial control over us after this offering, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control.
Our directors, executive officers and each of our stockholders who own greater than 5% of our outstanding common stock and their affiliates, in the aggregate, will beneficially own approximately %83.4% of the combined voting power of our common stock through their ownership of both Class A common stock and Class B common stock immediately after this offering. As a result, these stockholders will be able to influence or control matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. They may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control of our company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Class A common stock as part of a sale of our company and might ultimately adversely affect the market price of our Class A common stock.
Risks Related to our Organizational Structure
Enfusion, Inc. is a holding company and its only material asset after completion of this offering will be its direct and/or indirect interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, and it is accordingly dependent upon distributions from Enfusion Ltd. LLC to pay taxes, make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and pay dividends.
Enfusion, Inc. will be a holding company and after the completion of this offering will have no material assets other than its direct and/or indirect ownership of Common Units. Enfusion, Inc. has no independent means of generating revenues. Enfusion, Inc. intends to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to make distributions to holders of its Common Units, including directly and/or indirectly Enfusion, Inc. and our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, in an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes at assumed tax rates, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and dividends, if any, declared by it. Deterioration in the financial condition, earnings, or cash flow of Enfusion Ltd. LLC and its subsidiaries for any reason could limit or impair their ability to pay such distributions. Additionally, to the extent that Enfusion, Inc. needs funds, and Enfusion Ltd. LLC is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation or under the terms of our financing arrangements, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, such restriction could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.
We anticipate that Enfusion Ltd. LLC will continue to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, as such, generally will not be subject to any entity-level U.S. federal income tax. Instead, taxable income will be allocated to holders of Common Units, including us. Accordingly, we will be required to pay income taxes on our direct and/or indirect allocable share of any net taxable income of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. Legislation that is effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 may impute liability for adjustments to a partnership’s tax return to the partnership itself in certain circumstances, absent an election to the contrary. Enfusion Ltd. LLC may be subject to material liabilities pursuant to this legislation and related guidance if, for example, its calculations of taxable income are incorrect. In addition, the income taxes on our direct and/or indirect allocable share of Enfusion Ltd. LLC’s net taxable income will increase over time as our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders exchange their Common Units for shares of our Class A common stock. Such increase in our tax expenses may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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Under the terms of the amended and restated limited partnership agreement, Enfusion Ltd. LLC is obligated to make tax distributions to holders of Common Units, including (directly and/or indirectly) us, at certain assumed tax rates. These tax distributions may in certain periods exceed our tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, will make any determination from time to time with respect to the use of any such excess cash so accumulated, which may include, among other uses, funding repurchases of Class A common stock; acquiring additional newly issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC at a per unit price determined by reference to the market value of the Class A common stock; paying dividends, which may include special dividends, on our Class A common stock; or any combination of the foregoing. We will have no obligation to distribute such cash (or other available cash other than any declared dividend) to our stockholders. To the extent that we do not distribute such excess cash as dividends on our Class A common stock or otherwise undertake ameliorative actions between Common Units and shares of Class A common stock and instead, for example, hold such cash balances, our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders may benefit from any value attributable to such cash balances as a result of their ownership of Class A common stock following a redemption or exchange of their Common Units, notwithstanding that such Pre-IPO Common Unitholders may previously have participated as
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holders of Common Units in distributions by Enfusion Ltd. LLC that resulted in such excess cash balances at Enfusion, Inc. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
Payments of dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors after taking into account various factors, including our business, operating results and financial condition, current and anticipated cash needs, plans for expansion and any legal or contractual limitations on our ability to pay dividends. Our existing credit facilities include, and any financing arrangement that we enter into in the future may include, restrictive covenants that limit our ability to pay dividends. In addition, Enfusion Ltd. LLC is generally prohibited under Delaware law from making a distribution to a limited partner to the extent that, at the time of the distribution, after giving effect to the distribution, liabilities of Enfusion Ltd. LLC (with certain exceptions) exceed the fair value of its assets. Subsidiaries of Enfusion Ltd. LLC are generally subject to similar legal limitations on their ability to make distributions to Enfusion Ltd. LLC.
Enfusion, Inc. will be required to pay certain of our pre-IPO owners for most of the benefits relating to tax depreciation or amortization deductions that we may claim as a result of Enfusion, Inc.’s acquisition of existing tax basis in this offering, increases in existing tax basis and anticipated tax basis adjustments we receive in connection with sales or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units in connection with or after this offering and our utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies.
Prior to the completion of this offering, we will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our pre-IPO owners that provides for the payment by Enfusion, Inc. to such pre-IPO owners of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Enfusion, Inc. actually realizes, or is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions), as a result of (i) existing tax basis acquired in this offering, (ii) increases in existing tax basis and adjustments to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Enfusion Ltd. LLC as a result of sales or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units in connection with or after this offering, (iii) Enfusion, Inc.’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies, and (iv) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The existing tax basis, increases in existing tax basis and the tax basis adjustments generated over time may increase (for tax purposes) the depreciation and amortization deductions available to Enfusion, Inc. and, therefore, may reduce the amount of U.S. federal, state and local tax that Enfusion, Inc. would otherwise be required to pay in the future, although the IRS may challenge all or part of the validity of that tax basis, and a court could sustain such a challenge. The existing tax basis acquired in this offering and the increase in existing tax basis and the anticipated tax basis adjustments upon purchases or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those assets. Actual tax benefits realized by Enfusion, Inc. may differ from tax benefits calculated under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement, including the use of an assumed weighted-average state and local income tax rate to calculate tax benefits.
The payment obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement is an obligation of Enfusion, Inc. and not of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. While the amount of existing tax basis and anticipated tax basis adjustments and utilization of tax attributes, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will vary depending upon a number of factors, we expect the payments that Enfusion, Inc. may make under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be substantial. The actual amounts payable will depend upon, among other things, the timing of purchases or exchanges, the price of shares of our Class A common stock at the time of such purchases or exchanges, the extent to which such purchases or exchanges are taxable, the tax rate and the amount and timing of our taxable income. We estimate the amount of existing tax basis acquired in this offering to be approximately $$110.7 million. If all of the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders were to exchange or sell us all of their Common Units, we would recognize a deferred tax asset of approximately $388.5 million and a liability under the Tax Receivable Agreement of approximately $330.2 million, assuming: (i) all exchanges or purchases
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occurred on the same day; (ii) a price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus; (iii) a constant corporate tax rate of 32.0%; (iv) that we will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the tax benefits; and (v) no material changes in tax law. The payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement are not conditioned upon continued ownership of us by the pre-IPO owners. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”
In certain cases, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual benefits Enfusion Ltd. LLC realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement.
Enfusion, Inc.’s payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be accelerated in the event of certain changes of control, upon a breach by Enfusion, Inc. of a material obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement or if Enfusion, Inc. elects to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early. The accelerated payments required in such circumstances will be calculated by reference to the present value (at a discount rate equal to the lesser of (i) %6.5% per annum and (ii) one-year LIBOR (or its successor rate) plus 100 basis points) of all future payments that holders of Common Units or other recipients would have been entitled to receive under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and such accelerated payments and any other future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will utilize certain valuation assumptions, including that Enfusion, Inc. will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement and sufficient
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taxable income to fully utilize any remaining net operating losses subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement on a straight line basis over the shorter of the statutory expiration period for such net operating losses or the five-year period after the early termination or change of control. In addition, recipients of payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will not reimburse us for any payments previously made under the Tax Receivable Agreement if the tax attributes or Enfusion, Inc.’s utilization of tax attributes underlying the relevant Tax Receivable Agreement payment are successfully challenged by the IRS (although any such detriment would be taken into account as an offset against future payments due to the relevant recipient under the Tax Receivable Agreement). Enfusion, Inc.’s ability to achieve benefits from any existing tax basis, tax basis adjustments, or other tax attributes, and the payments to be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, will depend upon a number of factors, including the timing and amount of our future income. As a result, even in the absence of a change of control or an election to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement could be in excess of 85% of Enfusion, Inc.’s actual cash tax benefits.
Accordingly, it is possible that the actual cash tax benefits realized by Enfusion, Inc. may be significantly less than the corresponding Tax Receivable Agreement payments. It is also possible that payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be made years in advance of the actual realization, if any, of the anticipated future tax benefits. There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if the payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement exceed the actual cash tax benefits that Enfusion, Inc. realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement and/or if distributions to Enfusion, Inc. by Enfusion Ltd. LLC are not sufficient to permit Enfusion, Inc. to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement after it has paid taxes and other expenses. Based upon certain assumptions described in greater detail below under “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement,” we estimate that if Enfusion, Inc. were to exercise its termination right immediately following this offering, the aggregate amount of the early termination payments required under the Tax Receivable Agreement would be approximately $$179.3 million. The foregoing number is merely an estimate and the actual payments could differ materially. We may need to incur additional indebtedness to finance payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the extent our cash resources are insufficient to meet our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, and these obligations could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations, or other changes of control.
The acceleration of payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the case of certain changes of control may impair our ability to consummate change of control transactions or negatively impact the value received by owners of our Class A common stock.
In the case of certain changes of control, payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be accelerated and may significantly exceed the actual benefits Enfusion, Inc. realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement. We expect that the payments that we may make under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the event of a change of control will be substantial. As a result, our accelerated payment obligations and/or the assumptions adopted under the Tax Receivable Agreement in the case of a change of control may impair our ability to consummate change of control transactions or negatively impact the value received by owners of our Class A common stock in a change of control transaction.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our future results of operations, financial condition, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” or “would” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions. Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:
● | our future financial performance, including our revenues, costs of revenues, gross profit or gross profit margin and operating expenses; |
● | the sufficiency of our cash, cash to meet our liquidity needs; |
● | anticipated trends and growth rates in our business and in the markets in which we operate; |
● | our ability to maintain the security and availability of our solution; |
● | our ability to increase the number of clients using our solution; |
● | our ability to sell additional products and services to and retain our existing clients; |
● | our ability to successfully expand in our existing markets and into new markets; |
● | our ability to effectively manage our growth and future expenses; |
● | our estimated total addressable market; |
● | our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property; |
● | our ability to comply with modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business; |
● | the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel; |
● | our anticipated investments in sales and marketing and research and development; |
● | our ability to successfully defend litigation brought against us; |
● | the increased expenses associated with being a public company; |
● | our use of the net proceeds from this offering; |
● | the impact of COVID-19 on our business and industry; and |
● | our ability to compete effectively with existing competitors and new market entrants. |
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. The results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this prospectus to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus. And while we believe such information provides a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and you are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
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Unless otherwise indicated, statistical data, forecasts, estimates and information contained in this prospectus concerning our industry and the market in which we operate, including our general expectations, market position, market opportunity and market size, are based on industry publications and reports generated by third-party providers, other publicly available studies and our internal sources and estimates. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. We have compiled, extracted and reproduced industry data from various industry publications and other third-party sources. Although we are responsible for all of the disclosure contained in this prospectus and we believe the information from such industry publications and other third-party sources included in this prospectus is reliable and based on reasonable assumptions, we have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in such sources. The content of, or accessibility through, the below sources, except to the extent specifically set forth in this prospectus, does not constitute a portion of this prospectus and is not incorporated herein and any websites are an inactive textual reference only.
Certain information included in this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets we serve, including our market share, are also based on our good-faith estimates derived from management’s knowledge of the industry and other information currently available to us.
None of the industry publications referred to in this prospectus were prepared on our or on our affiliates’ behalf or at our expense. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.
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Existing Organizational Structure
The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure.
Organizational Structure Following this Offering
Immediately following this offering, Enfusion, Inc. will be a holding company, and its sole material asset will be a controlling equity interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, held indirectly through three newly-formed wholly-owned subsidiaries. Through its control over the managing member of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, Enfusion, Inc. will operate and control all of the business and affairs of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, will have the obligation to absorb losses and receive benefits from Enfusion Ltd. LLC and, through Enfusion Ltd. LLC and its subsidiaries, conduct our business. The Reorganization Transactions (as defined below), whereby Enfusion, Inc. will begin to consolidate Enfusion Ltd. LLC in its consolidated financial statements, will be accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of Enfusion, Inc. will recognize the assets and liabilities received in the reorganization at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical consolidated financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, the accounting predecessor. Enfusion, Inc. will consolidate Enfusion Ltd. LLC in its consolidated financial statements and record a non-controlling interest related to the Common Units issued on a 1,000,000-to-1 basis, held by the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of income.
In general, each share of our Class A common stock entitles its holder to one vote on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally. Holders of our Common Units will hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. The shares of Class B common stock will have no economic rights but will generally entitle each holder, without regard to the numberrights. Each share of shares ofour Class B common stock held by suchentitles its holder to a number of votes that is equal to the aggregate number of Common Units of Enfusion Ltd. LLC held by such holderone vote on all matters to be voted on whichby stockholders of Enfusion, Inc. are entitled to vote generally.
The voting power afforded to the holders of Common Units by their shares of Class B common stock is automatically and correspondingly reduced as they exchange Common Units for shares of Class A common stock of Enfusion, Inc. pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement. If at any time the ratio at which Common Units are exchangeable for shares of our Class A common stock changes from one-for-one as described under “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement,” the number of votes to which Class B common stockholders are entitled will be
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adjusted accordingly. Holders of shares of our Class B common stock will vote together with holders of our Class A common stock as a single class on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, except as otherwise required by law.
Our post-offering organizational structure, as described above, is commonly referred to as an umbrella partnership-C-corporation, or Up-C, structure. This organizational structure will allow our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders to retain their equity ownership in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of Common Units. Investors in this offering and the Pre-IPO Shareholders will, by contrast, hold their equity ownership in Enfusion, Inc., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of shares of Class A common stock. We believe that our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders generally find it advantageous to continue to hold their equity interests in an entity that is not taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We do not believe that our Up-C organizational structure will give rise to any significant business or strategic benefit or detriment to us.
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The diagram below depicts our organizational structure immediately following this offering.
Upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and immediately prior to this offering, our pre-IPO ownersPre-IPO Common Unitholders will hold shares and interests that may be exchanged or settled for shares representing an aggregate of 52,997,579 shares of Class A common stock, which we refer to as the “diluted pre-IPO shares outstanding,” consisting of: (i) issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock held by our Pre-IPO Shareholders; and (ii) shares of Class A common stock issuable on a one-for-one basis in exchange for Common Units held by our Pre-IPO Common Unitholders.
The table below sets forth the relative ownership of the diluted pre-IPO shares outstanding among our pre-IPO owners.
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Shares of Class A common stock held by Pre-IPO Shareholders | |
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Shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of Common Units held by Pre-IPO Common Unitholders | |
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Total | |
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Incorporation of Enfusion, Inc.
Enfusion, Inc. was incorporated as a Delaware corporation on June 11, 2021. Enfusion, Inc. has not engaged in any business or other activities except in connection with its formation. The amended and restated certificate of incorporation of Enfusion, Inc., which will become effective prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, authorizes two classes of common stock, Class A common stock and Class B common stock, each having the terms described in “Description of Capital Stock.”
Blocker Restructuring
Immediately prior to the completion of this offering, certain entities that are taxable as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which the Pre-IPO Shareholders hold interests, or the Blocker Companies, will enter into certain restructuring transactions (such transactions, the “Blocker Restructuring”) that will result in the Pre-IPO Shareholders acquiring 48,744,182 shares of newly issued Class A common stock in exchange for their ownership interests in the Blocker Companies and Enfusion, Inc. indirectly, through three new wholly-owned subsidiaries, acquiring an equal number of outstanding Common Units.
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Reclassification and Amendment and Restatement of the Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC
The capital structure of Enfusion Ltd. LLC currently consists of Class A Units, Class C-1 Units, Class C-2 Units and Class D Units. Prior to the completion of this offering, the operating agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC will be amended and restated to, among other things, modify its capital structure by reclassifying each of the outstanding units described above into a new class of LLC interests that we refer to as “Common Units.” We refer to this reclassification, or the Reclassification, together with the transactions described under “Organizational Structure—Blocker Restructuring” as the “Reorganization Transactions”.
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC, Enfusion US 1, Inc., a newly-formed wholly owned subsidiary of Enfusion, Inc., will be the managing member of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. Accordingly, through its control over the managing member, Enfusion, Inc. will have the right to determine when distributions will be made to the holders of Common Units and the amount of any such distributions. If the managing member authorizes a distribution, such distribution will be made to the holders of Common Units pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective Common Units held.
The holders of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, including directly and/or indirectly Enfusion, Inc., will incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their proportionate share of any taxable income of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. Net profits and net losses of Enfusion Ltd. LLC will generally be allocated to its partners (including directly and/or indirectly Enfusion, Inc.) pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective Common Units held, except as otherwise required by law. The Amended and Restated Operating Agreement provides for cash distributions to the holders of Common Units if Enfusion, Inc.the managing member determines that the taxable income of Enfusion Ltd. LLC will give rise to taxable income for the holders of Common Units. In accordance with the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, we intend to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to make cash distributions to the holders of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC, including us and our wholly owned subsidiaries, for purposes of funding their tax obligations in respect of the income of Enfusion Ltd. LLC that is allocated to them. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on ouran estimate of the taxable income of Enfusion Ltd. LLC allocated to the holder of Common Units that receives the greatest proportionate allocation of income multiplied by an assumed tax rate. Tax distributions will be pro rata as among the Common Units. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.”
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC the holders of outstanding Common Units (or certain permitted transferees thereof) will have the right on a value-for-value basis (subject to the terms of this agreement) cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to exchange their Common Units for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications. This agreement will also provide that a holder of Common Units will not have the right to exchange Common Units if the managing member determines that such exchange would be prohibited by law or regulation or would violate other agreements with Enfusion, Inc. to which the holder of Common Units may be subject. Enfusion, Inc. may impose additional restrictions on exchange that it determines to be necessary or advisable so that Enfusion Ltd. LLC is not treated as a “publicly traded partnership” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a holder exchanges Common Units for shares of Class A common stock, the number of Common Units held by Enfusion, Inc. is correspondingly increased as it acquires the exchanged Common Units. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, Enfusion Ltd. LLC may, at its sole discretion, in lieu of delivering Class A common stock for any Common Units surrendered for exchange, pay an amount in cash per Common Unit equal to the 5-day volume-weighted average price of the Class A common stock on the date of the receipt of the written notice of the exchange.
Tax Receivable Agreement
Prior to the completion of this offering, we will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our pre-IPO owners that provides for the payment by Enfusion, Inc. to such pre-IPO owners of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Enfusion, Inc. actually realizes, or is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions), as a result of: (i) existing tax basis acquired in this offering; (ii) increases in existing tax basis and adjustments to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Enfusion Ltd. LLC as a result of sales or
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exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units in connection with or after this offering; (iii) Enfusion, Inc.’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies; and (iv) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. The existing tax basis, increases in existing tax basis and the tax basis adjustments generated over time may increase (for tax purposes) the depreciation and amortization deductions available to Enfusion, Inc. and, therefore, may reduce the amount of U.S. federal, state and local tax that Enfusion, Inc. would otherwise be required to pay in the future, although the IRS may challenge all or part of the validity of that tax basis, and a court could sustain such a challenge. The existing tax basis acquired in this offering and the increase in existing tax basis and the anticipated tax basis adjustments upon purchases or exchanges (or deemed exchanges) of Common Units for shares of Class A common stock or distributions (or deemed distributions) with respect to Common Units may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those assets. Actual tax benefits realized by Enfusion, Inc. may differ from tax benefits calculated under the Tax Receivable Agreement as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the Tax Receivable Agreement, including the use of an assumed weighted-average state and local income tax rate to calculate tax benefits. The payment obligation under the Tax Receivable Agreement is an obligation of Enfusion, Inc. and not of Enfusion Ltd. LLC. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”
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Offering Transactions
At the time of the consummation of this offering, Enfusion, Inc. intends to consummate the purchase, for cash, of newly issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC and the acquisition of outstanding equity interests from our pre-IPO owners,Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, in each case at a purchase price per unit or share equal to the initial public offering price per share of Class A common stock in this offering net of underwriting discounts and commissions. The issuance of such newly issued Common Units by Enfusion Ltd. LLC to Enfusion, Inc. will correspondingly dilute the ownership interests of our pre-IPO owners in Enfusion Ltd. LLC. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders” for more information regarding the proceeds from this offering that will be paid to our directors and named executive officers. Accordingly, following this offering Enfusion, Inc. will directly and/or indirectly hold a number of Common Units that is equal to the number of shares of Class A common stock that it has issued, a relationship that we believe fosters transparency because it results in a single share of Class A common stock representing (albeit indirectly) the same percentage equity interest in Enfusion Ltd. LLC as a single Common Unit.
Enfusion, Inc. intends to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to use the net proceeds from this offering (i) to repay outstanding indebtedness under our credit facility totaling approximately $$98.8 million in aggregate principal amount, (ii) to satisfy approximately $14.8 million of tax withholding obligations for federal payroll taxes arising with respect to obligations to issue Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units under our Change in Control Bonus Plan and to a non-executive employee in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which we were obligated to pay a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event, and (iii) approximately $$56.5 million for general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds.”
We refer to the foregoing transactions as the Reorganization Transactions.
As a result of the transactions described above:
● | the investors in this offering will collectively own 18,750,000 shares of our Class A common stock (or 21,562,500 shares of Class A common stock if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock); |
● | the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders will hold 48,987,420 Common Units (or 47,470,973 Common Units if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock); |
● | the Pre-IPO Shareholders will hold 45,316,841 shares of our Class A common stock (or 44,020,788 shares of Class A common stock if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock); |
● | Enfusion, Inc. will hold 64,066,841 Common Units (or 65,583,288 Common Units if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock); |
● | the investors in this offering will collectively have |
● | the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, as holders of all of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, will have |
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We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of shares of our Class A common stock that we are selling in this offering will be approximately $$230.5 million, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Class A common stock from us is exercised in full, we estimate that our net proceeds would be approximately $$253.3 million, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Class A common stock in this offering by the selling stockholders.
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $$14.4 million, assuming that the number of shares of Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $$15.0 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.
Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of million11,312,500 shares ($170.1 million) to acquire an equivalent number of newly-issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC, as described under “Organizational Structure—Reorganization Transactions,” which will in turn use (i) to repay outstanding indebtedness under our credit facility totaling approximately $$98.8 million in aggregate principal amount, which indebtedness bears interest at a base rate of 4.25% plus an incremental variable interest rate of our choice of the one-, three- or six-month LIBOR, subject to a 1% minimum, and has a maturity date of December 17, 2025, (ii) to satisfy approximately $$14.8 million of tax withholding obligations for federal payroll taxes arising with respect to obligations to issue Class A common stock to former holders of Award Units under our former Change in Control Bonus Plan and to a non-executive employee in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which we were obligated to pay a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event, and (iii) approximately $$56.5 million for general corporate purposes and to bear all of the expenses of this offering. We estimate these offering expenses (excluding underwriting discounts and commissions) will be approximately $$5.8 million. We increased the total amount under our credit facility in December 2020 to $100.0 million and distributed the net proceeds of $71.1 million from such increase to certain members of Enfusion Ltd. LLC (see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus). We do not anticipate using the net proceeds of this offering to make cash payments to the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement being entered into in connection with this offering.
Enfusion, Inc. intends to use the proceeds (net of underwriting discounts) from the issuance of million4,010,160 shares ($60.3 million) (or million5,526,607 shares and $$83.1 million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock) to purchase an equivalent aggregate number of Common Units from our pre-IPO owners,Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, as described under “Organizational Structure—Reorganization Transactions.” Accordingly, we will not retain any of these proceeds. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders” for information regarding the proceeds from this offering that will be paid to our pre-IPO owners.Pre-IPO Common Unitholders.
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We cannot provide any assurance that we will declare or pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock in the future. We currently anticipate that we will retain all of our future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of the board of directors after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs, the requirements of current or then-existing debt instruments and other factors the board of directors deems relevant.
Enfusion, Inc. is a holding company and has no material assets other than its ownership of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC. We intend to cause Enfusion Ltd. LLC to make distributions to us in an amount sufficient to cover our taxes, expenses and obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement as well as any cash dividends declared by us. If Enfusion Ltd. LLC makes such distributions to Enfusion, Inc., the other holders of Common Units will also be entitled to receive distributions pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective Common Units held.
The Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Enfusion Ltd. LLC provides that pro rata cash distributions be made to holders of Common Units (including directly and/or indirectly Enfusion, Inc.) at certain assumed tax rates, or the tax distributions. Tax distributions will be pro rata as among the Common Units. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Enfusion Ltd. LLC Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.” We anticipate that amounts received directly and/or indirectly by Enfusion, Inc. may, in certain periods, exceed Enfusion, Inc.’s actual tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. We expect that Enfusion, Inc. will use any such excess cash from time to time: to fund repurchases of its Class A common stock; to acquire additional newly issued Common Units from Enfusion Ltd. LLC at a per unit price determined by reference to the market value of the Class A common stock; to pay dividends, which may include special dividends, on its Class A common stock; or any combination of the foregoing. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, will make any determination with respect to the use of any such excess cash. Because our board of directors may determine to pay or not pay dividends to our Class A common stockholders, our Class A common stockholders may not necessarily receive dividend distributions relating to excess distributions, even if Enfusion Ltd. LLC makes such distributions to us. We also expect, if necessary, to undertake ameliorative actions, which may include pro rata or non-pro rata reclassifications, combinations, subdivisions or adjustments of outstanding Common Units, to maintain 1:1 parity between Common Units and shares of Class A common stock.
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, Enfusion Ltd. LLC made cash distributions to its equity holders in aggregate amounts of $4.6 million and $11.0 million, respectively, in connection with equity holder tax obligations.
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The following table sets forth cash, as well as our capitalization, as of June 30, 2021 as follows:
● | on an actual basis; |
● | on a pro forma basis, giving effect to (i) the Reorganization Transactions and (ii) stock-based compensation expense of |
The pro forma as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other final terms of this offering. You should read this table together with our financial statements and related notes and the sections titled “Prospectus Summary— Summary Consolidated Financial and Other Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” that are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
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| | | As of June 30, 2021 | | | As of June 30, 2021 | ||||||||||||
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| Actual |
| Pro Forma |
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Cash | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | 78,851 |
Long-term debt | | | 98,711 | | | | | | | |||||||||
Long-term debt (including current portion) | | | 98,711 | | | 98,711 | | | - | |||||||||
Preferred Units: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class C-1 Units | | | 8,100 | | | | | | - | | | 8,100 | | | - | | | - |
Class C-2 Units | | | 45,560 | | | | | | - | | | 45,560 | | | - | | | - |
Class D Units | | | 114,709 | | | | | | - | | | 114,709 | | | - | | | - |
Total Preferred Units | | | 168,369 | | | - | | | - | | | 168,369 | | | - | | | - |
Members' / Stockholders’ equity (deficit): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class A Units | | | (230,594) | | | | | | | | | (230,594) | | | - | | | - |
Class A Common stock, $0.001 par value; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, actual; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | - | | | | | | | |||||||||
Class B Common stock, $0.001 par value; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, actual; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | - | | | | | | | |||||||||
Class A Common stock, $0.001 par value; 0 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 48,744,182 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 64,066,841 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | - | | | 49 | | | 64 | |||||||||
Class B Common stock, $0.001 par value; 0 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 150,000,000 shares authorized, 52,997,579 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; 150,000,000 shares authorized, 48,987,420 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | - | | | 53 | | | 49 | |||||||||
Treasury stock | | | - | | | | | | | | | - | | | - | | | - |
Additional paid-in capital | | | - | | | | | | | | | - | | | 226,513 | | | 313,301 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (289) | | | | | | | | | (289) | | | (289) | | | (289) |
Accumulated deficit | | | - | | | | | | | | | - | | | (263,390) | | | (264,679) |
Total members' / shareholders' equity attributable to Enfusion Ltd. LLC / Enfusion, Inc. | | | (230,883) | | | (37,064) | | | 48,446 | |||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests | | | | | | (40,298) | | | 37,043 | |||||||||
Total Members' / Stockholders’ equity (deficit) | | | (230,883) | | | | | | | | | (230,883) | | | (77,362) | | | 85,489 |
Total capitalization | | $ | 50,712 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 50,712 | | $ | 35,864 | | $ | 164,340 |
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(1) | As of June 30, 2021, we had no amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility and $4.8 million of remaining availability (after giving effect to $200 thousand of outstanding letters of credit). |
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, our cash, cash equivalents
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and short-term investments, additional paid-in capital and total stockholders’ equity (deficit) by approximately $$14.4 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, our cash, additional paid-in capital and total stockholders’ equity (deficit) by approximately $$15.0 million, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.
The number of shares of Class A common stock that will be outstanding after this offering excludes the following:
● | 26,400,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan, which will become effective in connection with this offering, including the shares and restricted stock units to be issued pursuant to our 2021 plan as noted in the following two bullets, as well as any annual automatic evergreen increases in the number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our 2021 Plan, which includes: |
● | approximately 3,185,591 restricted stock units (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), which settle in shares of Class A common stock, that will be issued to certain employees under our 2021 Plan following effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part; and |
● | approximately 16,288,064 shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued to current service providers under our 2021 Plan between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to (i) former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering, and (ii) a non-executive employee in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which such employee was previously entitled to receive a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event; |
● | approximately 2,653,648 shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued to former service providers between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering; and |
● | 150,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our ESPP, which will become effective in connection with this offering, as well as any annual automatic evergreen increases in the number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our |
up to shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering.
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If you invest in shares of our Class A common stock in this offering, your investment will be immediately diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of Class A common stock and the pro forma net tangible book value per share of Class A common stock after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the per share offering price of the shares of Class A common stock is substantially in excess of the pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to the Class A common stock held by our Pre-IPO Shareholders.
Our pro forma net tangible book deficit as of June 30, 2021 was approximately $($77.4) million, or $($0.76) per share of Class A common stock. Pro forma net tangible book deficit represents the amount of total tangible assets less total liabilities and pro forma net tangible book deficitvalue (deficit) per share of Class A common stock represents pro forma net tangible book deficit divided by the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding, after giving effect to the Reorganization Transactions and assuming that all of the holders of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC exchanged their Common Units for newly issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis.
After giving effect to the application of the proceeds from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds,” our pro forma net tangible book deficitvalue as of June 30, 2021 would have been $$85.3 million, or $$0.75 per share of Class A common stock. This represents an immediate decreaseincrease in net tangible book deficitvalue of $$1.51 per share of Class A common stock to our Pre-IPO Shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book deficit of $$15.25 per share of Class A common stock to investors in this offering.
The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share of Class A common stock basis assuming the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock:
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Assumed initial public offering price per share of Class A common stock |
| | | | $ | 16.00 |
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Pro forma net tangible book deficit per share of Class A common stock as of June 30, 2021 | | $ | (0.76) | | | |
Decrease in pro forma net tangible book deficit per share of Class A common stock attributable to investors in this offering | | | 1.51 | | | |
Pro forma net tangible book value per share of Class A common stock after the offering | | | | | | 0.75 |
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Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share of Class A common stock to investors in this offering | | | | | $ | 15.25 |
Because the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders do not own any Class A common stock or other economic interests in Enfusion, Inc., we have presented dilution in pro forma net tangible book deficit per share of Class A common stock to investors in this offering assuming that all of the holders of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC exchanged their Common Units for newly issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis in order to more meaningfully present the dilutive impact on the investors in this offering.
A $1.00 increase in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share of our Class A common stock would decrease our pro forma net tangible book deficit after giving effect to this offering by $$14.4 million, or by $$0.13 per share of our Class A common stock, assuming the number of shares offered by us remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions. A $$1.00 decrease in the assumed initial public offering price per share would result in equal changes in the opposite direction.
The following table summarizes, on the same pro forma basis as of June 30, 2021, the total number of shares of Class A common stock purchased from us, the total cash consideration paid to us and the average price per share of Class A common stock paid by our Pre-IPO Shareholders and by new investors purchasing shares of Class A common stock in this offering, assuming that all of the holders of Common Units in Enfusion Ltd. LLC exchanged their Common Units for newly issued shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares of Class A Common | | Total Consideration | | Average Price Per | | Shares of Class A Common Stock Purchased | | Total Consideration | | Average Price Per Share of Class A | ||||||||||||
| | Number | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Common Stock | | Number | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | Common Stock | ||||
Pre-IPO Shareholders | | | | | | $ | | | | | $ | | | 94,304,261 | | 83.4% | | $ | 255,901,392 | | 46.0% | | $ | 2.71 |
Investors in this offering | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 18,750,000 | | 16.6% | | | 300,000,000 | | 54.0% | | | 16.00 |
Total | | | | 100% | | $ | | | 100% | | $ | | | 113,054,261 | | 100.0% | | $ | 555,901,392 | | 100.0% | | $ | 4.92 |
58
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $$16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease, as applicable, the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by $ ,$18.8 million, in each case assuming that the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of 1.0 million in the number of shares of our Class A common stock offered by us would increase or decrease the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by $ ,$16.0 million, in each case assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us.
The sale of 3,427,340 shares of our Class A common stock by the selling stockholders in this offering will reduce the number of shares of Class A common stock held by existing stockholders to ,45,316,841, or approximately %70.7% of the total shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering, and will increase the number of shares held by new investors to ,18,750,000, or approximately %29.3% of the total shares of Class A common stock outstanding upon completion of this offering.
Except as otherwise indicated, the above discussion and tables assume no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from us in full, our existing stockholders would own %67.1% and our new investors would own %32.9% of the total number of shares of our Class A common stock outstanding upon the completion of this offering.
The number of shares of Class A common stock that will be outstanding after this offering excludes the following:
● | 26,400,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan, which will become effective in connection with this offering, as well as any annual automatic evergreen increases in the number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our 2021 |
approximately 3,185,591 restricted stock units (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), which settle in shares of Class A common stock, that will be issued to certain employees under the 2021 Plan following effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part; and |
o | approximately 16,288,064 shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued to current service providers under our 2021 Plan between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to (i) former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering and (ii) a non-executive employee in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which such employee was previously entitled to receive a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event; |
up to shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering.
● | approximately 2,653,648 shares of Class A common stock (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $16.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) that will be issued to former service providers between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to former participants in our Change in Control Bonus Plan, which plan will be terminated in connection with this offering; and |
● | 150,000 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our ESPP, which will become effective in connection with this offering, as well as any annual automatic evergreen increases in the number of shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our ESPP. |
59
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2021 and the unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020 present our financial position and results of operations after giving pro forma effect to:
● | The Reorganization Transactions as if such transactions occurred on June 30, 2021 for the unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet and on January 1, |
● |
● | This offering and the application of the estimated net proceeds from this offering as described under “Use of Proceeds”. |
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that we will be taxed as a corporation for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes and, accordingly, will become a taxpaying entity subject to U.S. federal, state and foreign income taxes. The presentation of the unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information is prepared in conformity with Article 11 of Regulation S-X and is based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. See the accompanying notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information for a discussion of assumptions made.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described transactions occurred on the dates indicated above or that could be achieved in the future. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information also does not give effect to the potential impact of any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings that may result from the transactions or any integration costs that do not have a continuing impact. Future results may vary significantly from the results reflected in the unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations and should not be relied on as an indication of our results after the consummation of this offering and the other transactions contemplated by such unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the Reorganization Transactions Adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements.
As a public company, we will be implementing additional procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the standards and requirements applicable to public companies. We expect to incur additional annual expenses related to these steps and, among other things, additional directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees, fees to comply with the reporting requirements of the SEC, transfer agent fees, hiring of additional accounting, legal and administrative personnel, increased auditing and legal fees and similar expenses. We have not included any pro forma adjustments relating to these costs.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information should be read together with “Organizational Structure,” “Capitalization,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the audited consolidated financial statements of Enfusion Ltd. LLC and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.
60
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet
As of June 30, 2021
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| Enfusion Ltd. LLC |
| Reorganization |
| As Adjusted Offering |
| Offering |
| Enfusion, Inc. | | Enfusion Ltd. LLC (as reported) | | Pro Forma Reorganization Transactions Adjustments | | As Adjusted Before Offering | | Pro Forma Offering Adjustments | | Enfusion, Inc. Pro Forma | ||||||||||
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Cash | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | - | | $ | 14,515 | | $ | 64,336 | (5)(6) | $ | 78,851 |
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $822 | | | 15,472 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | | | 15,472 | | | - | | | 15,472 | | | - | | | 15,472 | |||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 4,131 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 4,131 | | | - | | | 4,131 | | | (1,181) | (5) | | 2,950 |
Total current assets | | | 34,118 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 34,118 | | | - | | | 34,118 | | | 63,155 | | | 97,273 |
Property and equipment, net | | | 11,539 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Property, Plant, and Equipment, net | | | 11,539 | | | - | | | 11,539 | | | - | | | 11,539 | |||||||||||||||
Deferred tax asset (2) | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
Other assets | | | 1,546 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 1,546 | | | - | | | 1,546 | | | - | | | 1,546 |
Total assets | | $ | 47,203 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 47,203 | | $ | - | | $ | 47,203 | | $ | 63,155 | | $ | 110,358 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 1,247 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | | 1,247 | | | - | | | 1,247 | | | - | | | 1,247 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 9,136 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 9,136 | | | 14,848 | (3) | | 23,984 | | | (985) | (5) | | 22,999 |
Current portion of long-term debt | | | 2,500 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 2,500 | | | - | | | 2,500 | | | (2,500) | (6) | | - |
Total current liabilities | | | 12,883 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | $ | 12,883 | | $ | 14,848 | | $ | 27,731 | | $ | (3,485) | | $ | 24,246 |
Long-term debt, net of discount and issuance costs | | | 96,211 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | | | 623 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | | | 109,717 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Long term debt, net of deferred financing costs | | | 96,211 | | | - | | | 96,211 | | | (96,211) | (6) | | - | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities | | | 623 | | | - | | | 623 | | | - | | | 623 | |||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | | $ | 109,717 | | $ | 14,848 | | $ | 124,565 | | $ | (99,696) | | $ | 24,869 | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Preferred Units: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class C-1 Units | | | 8,100 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 8,100 | | | (8,100) | (1) | | - | | | - | | | - |
Class C-2 Units | | | 45,560 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 45,560 | | | (45,560) | (1) | | - | | | - | | | - |
Class D Units | | | 114,709 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 114,709 | | | (114,709) | (1) | | - | | | - | | | - |
Total Preferred Units | | | 168,369 | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 168,369 | | | (168,369) | | | - | | | - | | | - |
Members' equity (deficit) / Stockholders’ equity (deficit): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Members' / Shareholders' equity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Class A Units | | | (230,594) | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (230,594) | | | 230,594 | (1) | | - | | | - | | | - |
Class A Common stock, $0.001 par value; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, actual; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Class B Common stock, $0.001 par value; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, actual; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Treasury stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Class A Common stock | | | - | | | 49 | (1) | | 49 | | | 15 | (5) | | 64 | |||||||||||||||
Class B Common stock | | | - | | | 53 | (1) | | 53 | | | (4) | (5) | | 49 | |||||||||||||||
Additional Paid-in capital (8) | | | - | | | 226,513 | (1)(3)(4) | | 226,513 | | | 86,788 | (4)(5) | | 313,301 | |||||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (289) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (289) | | | - | | | (289) | | | - | | | (289) |
Accumulated deficit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | (263,390) | (3) | | (263,390) | | | (1,289) | (6) | | (264,679) |
Total Members' equity (deficit) / Stockholders' equity (deficit) | | | (230,883) | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities, Preferred Units and Members' equity (deficit) / Stockholders' equity (deficit) | | $ | 47,203 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | - | |||||||||||||||
Total members' / shareholders' equity attributable to Enfusion Ltd. LLC / Enfusion, Inc. | | | (230,883) | | | 193,819 | | | (37,064) | | | 85,510 | | | 48,446 | |||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests (7) | | | | | | (40,298) | (4) | | (40,298) | | | 77,341 | (4) | | 37,043 | |||||||||||||||
Total members' / stockholders' equity | | | (230,883) | | | 153,521 | | | (77,362) | | | 162,851 | (7) | | 85,489 | |||||||||||||||
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | - | | $ | | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities, preferred units, and shareholders' equity | | | 47,203 | | | - | | | 47,203 | | | 63,155 | | | 110,358 | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
61
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
(in thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enfusion Ltd. LLC | | Pro Forma Reorganization Transactions Adjustments | | As Adjusted Before Offering | | Pro Forma Offering Adjustments | | Enfusion, Inc. | |||||
| | Enfusion Ltd. LLC |
| Reorganization |
| As Adjusted |
| Offering |
| Enfusion, Inc. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||
REVENUES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Platform subscriptions | | $ | 47,187 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 47,187 | | $ | - | | $ | 47,187 | | $ | - | | $ | 47,187 |
Managed services | | | 3,294 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Managed Services | | 3,294 | | | - | | | 3,294 | | | - | | | 3,294 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | | | 321 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 321 | | | - | | | 321 | | | - | | | 321 |
Total net revenues | | | 50,802 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,802 | | | - | | | 50,802 | | | - | | | 50,802 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
COST OF REVENUES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Platform subscriptions | | | 11,420 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,420 | | | 121 | (2) | | 11,541 | | | - | | | 11,541 | |
Managed services | | | 1,818 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Managed Services | | 1,818 | | | 8 | (2) | | 1,826 | | | - | | | 1,826 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | | | 348 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 348 | | | - | | | 348 | | | - | | | 348 |
Total cost of revenues | | | 13,586 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 13,586 | | | 129 | | | 13,715 | | | - | | | 13,715 |
Gross profit | | | 37,216 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 37,216 | | | (129) | | | 37,087 | | | - | | | 37,087 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
OPERATING EXPENSES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative | | | 13,838 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | | | 7,422 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | | 13,838 | | | 6,870 | (2) | | 20,708 | | | - | | | 20,708 | ||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing expenses | | 7,422 | | | 1,578 | (2) | | 9,000 | | | - | | | 9,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Technology and development | | | 4,243 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,243 | | | 1,574 | (2) | | 5,817 | | | - | | | 5,817 |
Total operating expenses | | | 25,503 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 25,503 | | | 10,022 | | | 35,525 | | | - | | | 35,525 |
Income from operations | | | 11,713 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,713 | | | (10,151) | | | 1,562 | | | - | | | 1,562 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSE): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | (2,802) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2,802) | | | - | | | (2,802) | | | 2,802 | (3) | | - | |
Other income (expense) | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | - |
Total non-operating income (expense) | | | (2,802) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2,802) | | | - | | | (2,802) | | | 2,802 | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | | 8,911 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8,911 | | | (10,151) | | | (1,240) | | | 2,802 | | | 1,562 |
Income taxes | | | 551 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 551 | | | - | | | 551 | | | - | | | 551 |
Net income | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | (10,151) | | $ | (1,791) | | $ | 2,802 | | $ | 1,011 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax | | | - | | | (933) | (1) | | (933) | | | 1,371 | (1) | | 438 | |||||||||||||||
Net Income (loss) attributable to Enfusion Inc. | | $ | 8,360 | | $ | (9,218) | | $ | (858) | | $ | 1,431 | | $ | 573 | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
Net income per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Pro forma net loss per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 0.01 | ||
Diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 0.01 | ||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Pro forma weighted average shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81,359 | ||
Diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 133,897 |
62
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(in thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enfusion Ltd. LLC | | Pro Forma Reorganization Transactions Adjustments | | As Adjusted Before Offering | | Pro Forma Offering Adjustments | | Enfusion, Inc. | |||||
|
| Enfusion Ltd. LLC |
| Reorganization |
| As Adjusted |
| Offering |
| Enfusion, Inc. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||
REVENUES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Platform subscriptions | | $ | 73,550 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | 73,550 | | $ | - | | $ | 73,550 | | $ | - | | $ | 73,550 |
Managed services | | | 4,436 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Managed Services | | 4,436 | | | - | | | 4,436 | | | - | | | 4,436 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | | | 1,579 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,579 | | | - | | | 1,579 | | | - | | | 1,579 |
Total net revenues | | | 79,565 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 79,565 | | | - | | | 79,565 | | | - | | | 79,565 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
COST OF REVENUES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Platform subscriptions | | | 18,015 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 18,015 | | | 419 | (2) | | 18,434 | | | - | | | 18,434 | |
Managed services | | | 2,512 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Managed Services | | 2,512 | | | 25 | (2) | | 2,537 | | | - | | | 2,537 | ||||||||||||||||
Other | | | 831 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 831 | | | - | | | 831 | | | - | | | 831 |
Total cost of revenues | | | 21,358 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 21,358 | | | 444 | | | 21,802 | | | - | | | 21,802 |
Gross profit | | | 58,207 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 58,207 | | | (444) | | | 57,763 | | | - | | | 57,763 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
OPERATING EXPENSES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative | | | 35,888 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | | | 9,927 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | | 35,888 | | | 114,165 | (2) | | 150,053 | | | - | | | 150,053 | ||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing expenses | | 9,927 | | | 41,727 | (2) | | 51,654 | | | - | | | 51,654 | ||||||||||||||||
Technology and development | | | 6,318 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,318 | | | 146,083 | (2) | | 152,401 | | | - | | | 152,401 |
Total operating expenses | | | 52,133 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 52,133 | | | 301,975 | | | 354,108 | | | - | | | 354,108 |
Income from operations | | | 6,074 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6,074 | | | (302,419) | | | (296,345) | | | - | | | (296,345) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSE): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | (1,662) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (1,662) | | | - | | | (1,662) | | | 1,662 | (3) | | - | |
Other income (expense) | | | 82 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 82 | | | - | | | 82 | | | (1,289) | (4) | | (1,207) |
Total non-operating income (expense) | | | (1,580) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (1,580) | | | - | | | (1,580) | | | 373 | | | (1,207) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | | 4,494 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4,494 | | | (302,419) | | | (297,925) | | | 373 | | | (297,552) |
Income taxes | | | 433 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 433 | | | - | | | 433 | | | - | | | 433 |
Net income | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | (302,419) | | $ | (298,358) | | $ | 373 | | $ | (297,985) | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax | | | - | | | (155,416) | (1) | | (155,416) | | | 26,296 | (1) | | (129,120) | |||||||||||||||
Net Income attributable to Enfusion Inc. | | $ | 4,061 | | $ | (147,003) | | $ | (142,942) | | $ | (25,923) | | $ | (168,866) | |||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
Net income per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Pro forma net loss per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (2.29) | ||
Diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (2.29) | ||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Pro forma weighted average shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81,359 | ||
Diluted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81,359 |
63
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information
Note 1Basis of Presentation
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information presented herein has been prepared using Enfusion Ltd. LLC’s historical financial statements, and giving pro forma effect to the Pro Forma Transactionstransactions described herein in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X.
For purposes of the unaudited pro forma financial information, we have assumed that shares of Class A common stock will be issued by us at a price per share equal to the midpoint of the estimated price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and as a result, immediately following the completion of this offering, the ownership percentage represented by Common Units not held by us will be %43.3% and the net income attributable to Common Units not held by us will accordingly represent %43.3% of our net income. Except as otherwise indicated, theThe unaudited consolidated pro forma financial information presented assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock.
Note 2Reorganization Transactions and Offering Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet
The Reorganization Transactions and Offering Adjustmentsadjustments to the unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet isare based on preliminary estimates and assumptions that are subject to change. The following adjustments have been reflected in the unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet and are related to the Reorganization Transactions, including this offering:Offering:
Adjustments Related to the Reorganization Transactions
This adjustment reflects the issuance of shares of our Class B common stock to the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders, equal to the number of Common Units retained by each, for nominal consideration, and the issuance of our Class A common stock to certain Pre-IPO Shareholders in connection with the Reorganization Transactions.
In addition, prior to the completion of this offering, we will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our pre-IPO owners that provides for the payment by Enfusion, Inc. to such pre-IPO owners of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Enfusion, Inc. actually realizes, or is deemed to realize. Amounts contingently payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are contingent upon, among other things, generation of sufficient future taxable income during the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement. As such, we determined there is no resulting liability related to the Tax Receivable Agreement arising from the Transactions as the associated deferred tax assets are fully offset by a valuation allowance. However, if the Company did not have a valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets, we would have recorded a $65.1 million liability under the Tax Receivable Agreement based on the aggregate amount the Company would pay to the Pre-IPO Common Unit Holders as a result of the Reorganization Transactions and existing tax attributes. If all of the Pre-IPO Common Unitholders were to exchange or sell us all of their Common Units, we would recognize a deferred tax asset of approximately $388.5 million and a liability under the Tax Receivable Agreement of approximately $330.2 million, assuming: (i) all exchanges or purchases occurred on the same day; (ii) a price of $16.00 per share; (iii) a constant corporate tax rate of 32.0%; (iv) that we will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the tax benefits; and (v) no material changes in tax law. These amounts are estimates and have been prepared for illustrative purposes only. The actual amount of deferred tax assets and related liabilities that we will recognize will differ based on, among other things, the timing of the exchanges, the price per share of our Class A common stock at the time of the exchange, and the tax rates then in effect. See “Organizational Structure—Tax Receivable Agreement.” 64 In addition, in exchange for termination of an agreement pursuant to which we were obligated to pay a percentage of our annual net profit and a cash payment upon the earlier of the employee’s termination of employment or a liquidity event, we have agree to issue 2,047,064 shares of Class A common stock (the “Profit Sharing Termination Shares”) to such employee between the first and second anniversaries of the effectiveness of the registration statement to which this prospectus is a part. The fair value of these shares, after applying the discount for lack of marketability due to the post-vesting restriction, is $29.4 million. An assessment was performed, and it was determined that these transactions should be treated as a modification under Accounting Standards Codification 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, for accounting purposes. The modification has been assessed for classification, and, following the Reorganization Transactions, it was determined that the MIU Shares and Profit Sharing Termination Shares should be classified as equity. As equity classified awards, the MIU Shares and Profit Sharing Termination Shares will be recognized as additional paid-in capital.
Adjustments Related to the Offering
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