Table of Contents

As Filed Withfiled with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2009

November 9, 2020

Registration No. 333-______________



333-___________

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON,
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM S-3


REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

ACACIA RESEARCH CORPORATION

Acacia Research Corporation
(Exact name of registrantRegistrant as specified in its charter)


DELAWARE95-4405754
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)
95-4405754
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)No.)
500 Newport Center Drive, 7th Floor
Newport Beach,

4 Park Plaza, Suite 550

Irvine, California 92660

92614

(949) 480-8300


(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,number, including area code, of registrant’sregistrant's principal executive offices)

Paul R. Ryan
Chief Executive Officer
500 Newport Center Drive, 7th Floor
Newport Beach,

Clifford Press

Acacia Research Corporation

4 Park Plaza, Suite 550

Irvine, California 92660

92614

(949) 480-8300


(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

to:

Mark L. Skaist, Esq.

Ryan C. Wilkins, Esq.
Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth,

P.C.
660 Newport Center Drive, Suite 1600

Newport Beach, California 92660

(949) 725-4000

Approximate Date Of Commencement Of Proposed Sale To The Public: When deemed appropriate after the effective date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this registration statement.

Registration Statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: o

box. ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. þ

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the commissionCommission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filerþ
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company o
 Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered Amount to be
Registered(1)
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit(1)(2)
  Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering
Price(1)(2)
  Amount of
Registration
Fee(3)
 
Primary Offering                
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share            
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share            
Debt Securities            
Warrants            
Rights            
Units(4)            
Total Primary Offering        $100,000,000.00   $10,910.00 
Secondary Offering                
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share  148,965,762   $3.21   $478,180,096.02   $52,169.45 
Total           $63,079.45 


Title of Each Class of Securities to
be Registered(1)
 
Proposed Maximum Aggregate
Offering Price(2)
  
Amount of Registration Fee(3)
 
Common Stock, $0.001 par value      
Warrants      
Total $55,786,321  $2,192.40(4)
 

(1)In connection with the primary offering, this registration statement covers the registration of such indeterminate number of shares of common stock; such indeterminate number of shares of preferred stock; such indeterminate principal amount of convertible or non-convertible debt securities; such indeterminate number of warrants to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and/or units; such indeterminate number of rights to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units; and such indeterminate number of units as may be sold by the registrant from time to time, which together shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000. If any debt securities are issued at an original issue discount, then the principal amount of such debt securities shall be in such greater amount as shall result in an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000, less the aggregate dollar amount of all securities previously issued hereunder. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with any other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered hereunder also include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, principal amount of convertible or non-convertible debt securities, warrants, rights and units as may be issued upon the conversion of, or exchange for, preferred stock or convertible debt securities that provide for conversion or exchange; upon the exercise of warrants or rights; or pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any such securities. In connection with the secondary offering, this registration statement registers a maximum of 148,965,762 shares of common stock that may be offered and sold by the selling stockholders identified in this registration statement. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, the securities being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock or preferred stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares of common stock or preferred stock being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

1)  There are being registered hereunder such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and such indeterminate number of warrants to purchase common stock as shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $55,786,321. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered also include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issued upon exercise of warrants. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, the shares being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

(2)  The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per class of security will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to General Instruction II.D. of Form S-3 under the Securities Act.

(3)  Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.

(4)  Previously paid. The registrant, in accordance with Rule 414(d) under the Securities Act, previously paid a registration fee of $8,025 pursuant to a previously filed Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-133529, or the Prior Registration Statement, originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 25, 2006 and subsequently declared effective. Of the $75,000,000 of the registrant’s securities registered pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement, only $19,213,679 of its securities were sold, resulting in an unused registration fee of $5,969.14. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the registrant hereby includes in this registration statement the $55,786,321 of securities remaining unsold under the Prior Registration Statement. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6), the filing fee of $2,192.40 that is associated with the unsold securities from the Prior Registration Statement is applied to the securities from the Prior Registration Statement that are included in this registration statement and no additional filing fee in respect of such unsold securities is due hereunder. In accordance with Rule 415(a)(6), the Prior Registration Statement will be deemed terminated as of the effective date of this registration statement.

(2)With respect to the primary offering, the proposed maximum offering price per unit will be determined from time to time by the Registrant in connection with, and at the time of, the issuance of the securities and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to General Instruction II.D. of Form S-3. With respect to the secondary offering, the proposed maximum offering price per share of common stock will be determined from time to time in connection with, and at the time of, the sale by the selling stockholders identified in this registration statement.

(3)With respect to the primary offering, the registration fee has been calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act based on the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of all securities listed. With respect to the secondary offering, the registration fee has been calculated pursuant to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act based on the average of the high and low prices of the common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 2, 2020, which is a date within five business days of the filing date of this registration statement.

(4)Each unit may consist of any combination of the other types of securities described in this registration statement, which may or may not be separable from one another.

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with sectionSection 8(a) of the securities actSecurities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the commission,Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said sectionSection 8(a), may determine.

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

Acacia Research Corporation previously filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-133529), or the Prior Registration Statement, to register up to an aggregate dollar amount of $75,000,000 of its securities. The Prior Registration Statement was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 26, 2006, but the Prior Registration Statement will only be effective until May 26, 2009 pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. This Registration Statement is intended to renew and replace the Prior Registration Statement and the Prior Registration Statement will be terminated upon the effectiveness of this Registration Statement. Pursuant to Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act, fees paid under the Prior Registration Statement associated with unsold securities will offset the total dollar amount of the filing fee associated with this Registration Statement. Upon effectiveness of this Registration Statement, it is intended that this Registration Statement will replace the Prior Registration Statement and any offering of unsold securities under the Prior Registration Statement will be terminated.
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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed without notice. Wechanged. Neither we nor the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.  This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we areis not soliciting offersan offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where thean offer or sale of these securities is not permitted.


SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MARCH 2, 2009

Subject to Completion, dated November 9, 2020

PROSPECTUS

$55,786,321

100,000,000

ACACIA RESEARCH CORPORATION

COMMON STOCK
WARRANTS

By this prospectus, we

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Rights

and

Units

148,965,762 Shares of Common Stock Offered by the Selling Stockholders

We may, offer, from time to time:

time, offer, in one or more series or classes, separately or together, and in amounts, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this prospectus, the following securities:

 o·
shares of our common stock,;
par value $0.001 per share;
 o·shares of our preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share;
·debt securities, which may be convertible into one or more other securities or non-convertible;
·warrants to purchase shares of our common stock; stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and/or units;
 o·rights to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units; and
·units that may consist of any combination of the foregoing.other securities described in this prospectus, which may or may not be separable from one another.
This

In addition, the selling stockholders named in this prospectus, provides a general descriptionor the selling stockholders, may from time to time, in one or more offerings, offer and sell up to an aggregate of 148,965,762 shares of our common stock. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our common stock offered by the selling stockholders.

We refer to the common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, wewarrants, rights and units that may offer. Each time we sellbe offered and sold pursuant to this prospectus, collectively, as the "securities". The securities weto be offered by us will providehave an aggregate initial offering price of up to $100,000,000.

The specific terms of the securities offeredwill be set forth in a supplement to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and will include, as applicable: (i) in the case of our common stock, any related free writingpublic offering price; (ii) in the case of our preferred stock, the specific designation and any dividend, liquidation, redemption, conversion, voting and other rights, and any public offering price; (iii) in the case of debt securities, the principal amount, maturity date, interest rate, seniority, the type and terms of securities deliverable upon conversion (if any), and any public offering price; (iv) in the case of warrants, the duration, offering price, exercise price, the type and terms of securities deliverable upon exercise, and any public offering price; (v) in the case of rights, the number being issued, the exercise price, and the expiration date, the transferability, and the type and terms of securities deliverable upon exercise; and (vi) in the case of units, the title of the series of units, the type and terms of securities comprising the units, and any public offering price. The applicable prospectus as well assupplement will also contain information, where applicable, about certain U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to, and any documents incorporatedlisting on a securities exchange of, the securities covered by reference, carefully beforesuch prospectus supplement.  It is important that you decide to invest in any securities.

Thisread both this prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of these securities unless it is accompanied byand the applicable prospectus supplement
before you invest.

We or the selling stockholders may offer the securities directly, through agents, or to or through underwriters. The prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the plan of distribution and set forth the names of any underwriters involved in the offer and sale of the securities. See “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page 9 and “Selling Stockholders” beginning on page 7 for more information on this topic. No securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and a prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of the securities.

Our common stock is tradedlisted on Thethe Nasdaq Global Select Market, or NASDAQ, Global Market under the ticker symbol “ACTG.” On February 27, 2009,November 6, 2020, the last reportedclosing sale price of our common stock on NASDAQ was $3.11$3.59 per share. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing on The NASDAQ Global Market or any other securities market or other exchange of the securities, if any, covered by the prospectus supplement.

Investing in ourOUR securities involves substantial risks. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning on page 12 and contained in the applicable prospectus supplement, any related free writing prospectus and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectusA HIGH DEGREE OF risk.  before investing in our securities.

securities, You should carefully REVIEW the SECTION ENTITLED “risk factors” beginning on page 5 of this prospectus, AS WELL AS THE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES DESCRIBED in any prospectus supplement, and in any documents incorporated by reference herein or therein.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                   March 2, 2009, 2020.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

About this Prospectus Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS1
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS2
ABOUT THE COMPANY3
RISK FACTORS5
USE OF PROCEEDS6
Prospectus Summary SELLING STOCKHOLDERS7
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION9
Risk Factors THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER11
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK12
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES16
Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Information DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS23
DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS24
Use of Proceeds 23
Plan of Distribution 23
Description of Warrants DESCRIPTION OF UNITS25
LEGAL MATTERS26
Experts EXPERTS26
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE27
Legal Matters 27
Where You Can Find More Information 27
Incorporation of Certain Information By Reference 27
Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liability WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION28

i

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, offer and sell any combination of our common stock and warrants to purchase our common stockthe securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings for a total dollar amountofferings. The aggregate offering price of the securities that we may offer pursuant to this prospectus will not exceed $100,000,000. This prospectus also relates to the offer and sale of up to $55,786,321. an aggregate of 148,965,762 shares of our common stock held by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus in the section entitled “Selling Stockholders”.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we and the selling stockholders may offer.offer and sell from time to time. Each time we offer toand sell any of our securities under this shelf registration,prospectus, we will, to the extent required by law, describe the specific terms of the offering in a prospectus supplement.  To the extent that any selling stockholder offers and sells any shares of our common stock, the selling stockholders may be required to provide you with a prospectus supplement that will containcontaining specific information about the selling stockholder and the terms of thatthe offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. TheAny prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be providedor the selling stockholders provide to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in any documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. ItTo the extent there is important for you to considera conflict between the information contained in this prospectus and any applicableaccompanying prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement, provided that if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date—for example, a document incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement—the statement in the document having the later date automatically modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any related free writingstatement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. This prospectus, together with any accompanying prospectus supplement, will include all material information relating to an offering pursuant to this registration statement. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, as well as the informationdocuments incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” on page 27 of this prospectus.

herein and therein, carefully before you invest in any securities.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, including the content of all documents nowin any accompanying prospectus supplement, or in the futureany document incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you.herein or therein. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any different information. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may provide to you. The information contained in this prospectus, in any applicable prospectus supplement, and you must not rely upon any information not contained orin the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectusherein or therein, is accurate only as of the accompanying prospectus supplement. date such information is presented. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and future prospects may have changed since those respective dates.

This prospectus and theany accompanying prospectus supplement to this prospectus dodoes not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor dodoes this prospectus and theany accompanying prospectus supplement to this prospectus constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell our securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement relating to the offered securities.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before investing in our securities, you should carefully review the section entitled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 5 of this prospectus, as well as the risks and uncertainties described in any applicable prospectus supplement, and in any documents that we incorporate by reference herein or therein.

The registration statement containing this prospectus, including the exhibits to the registration statement, provides additional information about us, the selling stockholders, and the securities offered by us and the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus. For a more complete understanding of the offering of the securities covered by the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, you should refer to the registration statement, including its exhibits. For additional information, see the section entitled “Where You should not assume thatCan Find More Information.”

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, and the information containeddocuments incorporated by reference herein and therein, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements are intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this prospectus, any applicableaccompanying prospectus supplement, orand any related free writing prospectus is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we havedocuments incorporated by reference herein or therein, are forward-looking statements.

Our forward-looking statements are based on our management’s current assumptions and expectations of future events and trends, which affect or may affect our business, strategy, operations, financial performance, liquidity and future prospects. Although we believe that these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties and are made in light of information currently available to us. Many important factors, in addition to the factors described in this prospectus, may materially and adversely affect our results as expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. You should read this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, and the documents we incorporate by reference herein and therein, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from and worse than what we expect.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. As a result of the risks and uncertainties described above, the forward-looking statements discussed in this prospectus might not occur and our future results and performance may differ materially from the information provided in these forward-looking statements due to, but not limited to, the factors mentioned above. Because of these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements when making an investment decision.

Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is correctnot possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date subsequentthey were made, and, except to the extent required by law or the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, we undertake no obligation to update or review any forward-looking statement because of new information, future events or other factors. You should, however, review the risks and uncertainties we describe in the reports we will file with the SEC, including those reports we file after the date of this prospectus. For additional information, see the document incorporatedsection entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”

We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by reference, even though this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is delivered or securities sold on a later date.these cautionary statements.

2

6

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

THIS SUMMARY HIGHLIGHTS INFORMATION CONTAINED ELSEWHERE IN THIS PROSPECTUS. THIS SUMMARY DOES NOT CONTAIN ALL

ABOUT THE INFORMATION THAT YOU SHOULD CONSIDER BEFORE INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES. YOU SHOULD READ THIS ENTIRE PROSPECTUS CAREFULLY, INCLUDING THE RISKS DISCUSSED UNDER “RISK FACTORS” BEGINNING ON PAGE 12, THE INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE, INCLUDING OUR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES, AND THE EXHIBITS TO THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT OF WHICH THIS PROSPECTUS IS A PART.

As usedCOMPANY

General

We invest in this prospectus, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Acacia Research Corporation and/or its wholly owned operating subsidiaries.  All intellectual property, acquisition, development,or IP, and related absolute return assets and engage in the licensing and enforcement activities are conducted solely by certain of our wholly owned operating subsidiaries.


ABOUT ACACIA RESEARCH CORPORATION
BUSINESS
General
Our operating subsidiaries acquire, develop, license and enforce patented technologies. Our operating subsidiariesWe partner with inventors and patent owners, applying our legal and technology expertise to patent assets to unlock the financial value in their patented inventions. We generate license fee revenues and related cash flows from the granting of licensespatent rights for the use of patented technologies that our operating subsidiaries owncontrol or control. Our operating subsidiariesown. We assist patent owners with the prosecution and development of their patent portfolios, the protection of their patented inventions from unauthorized use, the generation of licensing revenue from users of their patented technologies and, ifwhere necessary, with the enforcement against unauthorized users of their patented technologies.
technologies through the filing of patent infringement litigation. We are a leaderprincipals in the licensing patented technologies and enforcement effort, obtaining control of the rights in the patent portfolio, or control of the patent portfolio outright.

We have established a proven track record of licensing and enforcement success with over 6201,580 license agreements executed to date, across 48 of our technology licensenearly 200 patent portfolio licensing and enforcement programs. Currently, on a consolidated basis, our operating subsidiaries own or control the rights to over 100multiple patent portfolios, which include U.S. patents and certain foreign counterparts, covering technologies used in a wide variety of industries.

CombiMatrix Group Split-Off Transaction To date, we have generated gross licensing revenue of approximately $1.6 billion, and Related Discontinued Operations.  In January 2006, our board of directors approved a plan for our former wholly owned subsidiary, CombiMatrix Corporation, or CombiMatrix, the primary component of our life science business, known as the CombiMatrix group, to become an independent publicly-held company.  On August 15, 2007, or the Redemption Date, CombiMatrix was split-off from us through the redemption of all outstanding shares of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock in exchange for the distribution of new shares of CombiMatrix common stock, on a pro-rata basis, to the holders of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock on the Redemption Date.  We refer to this transaction as the Split-Off Transaction.  Subsequent to the Redemption Date, we no longer own any equity interests in CombiMatrix and the CombiMatrix group is no longer one of our business groups.
Refer to Note 10Ahave returned more than $796 million to our consolidated financial statements includedpatent partners.

Our principal executive, corporate and administrative offices are located in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, for information regarding presentation of the assets, liabilities, results of operationsIrvine, California, and cash flows for the CombiMatrix Group as “Discontinued Operations,” for all periods presented, in accordance with guidance set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”

Capital Structure.  Pursuant to the terms of the Split-Off Transaction, all outstanding shares of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock were redeemed, and all rights of holders of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock ceasedwe employed 20 full-time employees as of the Redemption Date, except for the right, upon the surrender to the exchange agent of shares of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock, to receive new shares of CombiMatrix common stock.  As a result of, and immediately following, the consummation of the Split-Off Transaction, our only class of common stock outstanding was our Acacia Research-Acacia Technologies common stock.
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On May 20, 2008, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of our Certificate of Incorporation to eliminate all references to Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock and all provisions relating to the rights and obligations of the Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock.  In addition, the amendment and restatement changed the name of the “Acacia Research-Acacia Technologies common stock” to “common stock,” and our common stock is the only class of common stock authorized and issuable.    
Other
November 2, 2020.

Corporate Information

We were originally incorporated in California in January 1993 and reincorporated in Delaware in December 1999. Our principal executive offices are located at 4 Park Plaza, Suite 550, Irvine, California 92614. The telephone number of our principal executive office is (949) 480-8300.

Our website address is www.acaciaresearch.com.  We makewww.acaciaresearch.com. Reference in this prospectus to this website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on or accessed through our filingswebsite and references to our website address in this prospectus are inactive textual references only.

Securities Purchase Agreement, Registration Rights Agreement and Governance Agreement

Securities Purchase Agreement

On November 18, 2019, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, or the Purchase Agreement, with Starboard Value LP, or Starboard Value, and the Buyers (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), pursuant to which we (i) issued and sold to the Buyers 350,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, (ii) issued to the Buyers Series A Warrants to purchase up to 5,000,000 shares of common stock, (iii) agreed to issue, at Starboard Value’s election upon the identification and approval by each of us and Starboard Value of a suitable investment or acquisition by us, or an Approved Investment, senior secured non-convertible notes, or the Notes, to Starboard Value and/or its affiliates, in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $365,000,000, and (iv) agreed to issue to the Buyers Series B Warrants to purchase up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock upon the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Upon the satisfaction of such conditions, we issued the Series B Warrants to Buyers on February 25, 2020. Upon the identification of an Approved Investment on June 4, 2020, we issued to Starboard Value and its affiliates $115 million principal amount of Notes, all of which were subsequently exchanged by the noteholders on June 30, 2020 for senior notes issued by Merton Acquisition HoldCo LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary. The shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are immediately convertible into, and the Series A and Series B Warrants are immediately exercisable for, shares of our common stock.

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The offer and sale of the foregoing shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A Warrants, Series B Warrants and Notes, which we collectively refer to as the Securities, were not registered under the Securities Act in reliance on the exemption afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

Registration Rights Agreement

On November 18, 2019, in connection with the Securities and Exchange Commission,Purchase Agreement, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement, or the SEC, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K,Rights Agreement, with Starboard Value and amendmentsthe Buyers, pursuant to those reports, available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable afterwhich we file these reports.  In addition, we post the following information on our website:


·           our corporate code of conduct, our code of conduct for our board of directorsagreed to, among other things, prepare and our fraud policy; and

·           charters for our audit committee, nominating and corporate governance committee, disclosure committee and compensation committee.
The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at(i) an initial registration statement, or the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549.  The public may obtain informationInitial Registration Statement, on Form S-3, covering the operationresale of 130% of the Public Reference Roomshares of common stock underlying the then-outstanding Securities, or the Underlying Shares, and (ii) subsequent registration statements covering the resale of Underlying Shares to the extent not included in previous registration statements. In addition, upon written notice to us by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.  Also, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxyStarboard Value, or a Demand Notice, we will prepare and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC.  The public can obtain any documents that we file with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Intellectual Property Licensing Business

Our operating subsidiaries acquire, develop, license and enforce patented technologies. Our operating subsidiaries generate license fee revenues and related cash flows froma registration statement covering the grantingresale of licenses for the useany Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Notes and/or Series B Warrants set forth in such Demand Notice.

The registration statement of patented technologies that our operating subsidiaries own or control. Our operating subsidiaries assist patent owners with the prosecution and development of their patent portfolios, the protection of their patented inventions from unauthorized use, the generation of licensing revenue from users of their patented technologies and, if necessary, with the enforcement against unauthorized users of their patented technologies. Currently, onwhich this prospectus is a consolidated basis, our operating subsidiaries own or control the rights to over 100 patent portfolios, which include U.S. patents and certain foreign counterparts, covering technologies usedpart has been filed by us in a wide variety of industries. Refer to “Patented Technologies” below for a partial summary of patent portfolios owned or controlled by certainsatisfaction of our operating subsidiaries.obligations under the Purchase Agreement and the Rights Agreement to file the Initial Registration Statement. We are a leader in patent licensing and our operating subsidiaries have established a proven track record of licensing success with more than 620 license agreements executedintend to date. To date, on a consolidated basis, we have generated revenues from 48 of our technology licensing and enforcement programs. Our professional staff includes in-house patent attorneys, licensing executives, engineers and business development executives.

Our partners are primarily individual inventors and small companies who have limited resources and/or expertise to effectively addressmaintain the unauthorized use of their patented technologies, and also include large companies seeking to effectively and efficiently monetize their portfolio of patented technologies. In a typical partnering arrangement, our operating subsidiary will acquire a patent portfolio, or acquire rights to a patent portfolio, with our partner receiving an upfront payment for the purchaseeffectiveness of the patent portfolioregistration statement until the earlier of (i) such time as the shares offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus have been sold, or patent portfolio rights,(iii) such time as such shares offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus can be freely resold without restriction or receiving a percentagelimitation under Rule 144 and without the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) or otherwise under applicable securities laws.

We have certain customary obligations under the Rights Agreement to indemnify for losses incurred by the initial selling stockholders in connection with any untrue statements of our operating subsidiaries net recoveries from the licensing and enforcement of the patent portfolio,material fact or a combination of the two.

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Business Model and Strategy

The business model associated with the licensing and enforcement activities conducted by our operating subsidiaries is summarizedmaterial omissions in the following diagram:

Licensing and Enforcement Business

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Our intellectual property acquisition, development, licensing and enforcement business strategy, conducted solely by our operating subsidiaries, includes the following key elements:

·              Identify Emerging Growth Areas where Patented Technologies will Play a Vital Role

The patent process breeds, encourages and sustains innovation and invention by granting a limited monopoly to the inventor in exchange for sharing the invention with the public. Certain technologies, including several of the technologies controlled by our operating subsidiaries, someregistration statement of which are summarized below, become core technologies inthis prospectus is a part, and for certain violations of securities and other similar laws.

See the way products and services are manufactured, sold and delivered by companies across a wide arraysection entitled “Description of industries.  Our operating subsidiaries identify core, patented technologies that have been or are anticipated to be widely adopted by third partiesCapital Stock – Registration Rights Agreement” for additional information.

Governance Agreement

On November 18, 2019, in connection with the manufacturePurchase Agreement, we entered into a Governance Agreement, or salethe Governance Agreement, with Starboard Value and certain of productsits affiliates, which we collectively refer to as Starboard. Pursuant to the Governance Agreement, we (i) appointed Jonathan Sagal as a member of our Board of Directors, or the Starboard Appointee, (ii) granted Starboard the right to recommend two additional directors for appointment to our Board of Directors, or the Additional Appointees and services.


·              Contact(iii) formed a Strategic Committee of the Board of Directors, or the Strategic Committee, which was tasked with, among other things, sourcing and performing due diligence on potential acquisition targets and Form Alliances with Owners of Core, Patented Technologies

Often individual inventors and small companies have limited resources and/or expertise and are unable to effectively address the unauthorized use of their patented technologies.  Individual inventors and small companies may lack sufficient capital resources and may also lack in-house personnel with patent licensing expertise and/or experience, which may make it difficult to effectively out-license and/or enforce their patented technologies.
For years, many large companies have earned substantial revenue licensing patented technologies to third parties.  Other companies that do not have internal licensing resources and expertise have continued to record the capitalized carrying value of their core and or non-essential intellectual property in their financial statements, without deriving income from their intellectual property or realizingother investment opportunities, with the potential valuegoal of their intellectual property assets.  Securities and financial reporting regulations require these companiesfinding one or more Approved Investments for recommendation to periodically evaluate and potentially reduce or write-off these intellectual property assets if they are unable to substantiate these reported carrying values.
Our operating subsidiaries seek to enter into business agreements with ownersthe Board of intellectual property that do not have experience or expertise inDirectors. The Governance Agreement was subsequently amended on January 7, 2020.

See the areassection entitled “Description of intellectual property licensing and enforcement or that do not possess the in-house resources to devote to intellectual property licensing and enforcement activities.


Capital Stock – Governance Agreement” for additional information.

· Effectively and Efficiently Evaluate Patented Technologies for Acquisition, Licensing and Enforcement

Subtleties in the language of a patent, recorded interactions with the patent office, and the evaluation of prior art and literature can make a significant difference in the potential licensing and enforcement revenue derived from a patent or patent portfolio.  Our specialists are trained and skilled in these areas.  It is important to identify potential problem areas and determine whether potential problem areas can be overcome, prior to acquiring a patent portfolio or launching an effective licensing program.  We have developed processes and procedures for identifying problem areas and evaluating the strength of a patent portfolio before the decision is made to allocate resources to an acquisition or an effective licensing and enforcement effort.

·              Purchase or Acquire the Rights to Patented Technologies

After evaluation, our operating subsidiaries may elect to purchase the patented technology, or become the exclusive licensing agent for the patented technology in all or in specific fields of use.  In either case, the owner of the patent generally retains the rights to a portion of the net revenues generated from a patent’s licensing and enforcement program.  Our operating subsidiaries generally control the licensing and enforcement process and utilize experienced in-house personnel to reduce outside costs and to ensure that the necessary capital and expertise is allocated and deployed in an efficient and cost effective manner.
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·              Successfully License and Enforce Patents with Significant Royalty Potential

As part of the patent evaluation process employed by our operating subsidiaries, significant consideration is also given to the identification of potential infringers, industries within which the potential infringers exist, longevity of the patented technology, and a variety of other factors that directly impact the magnitude and potential success of a licensing and enforcement program.  Our specialists are trained in evaluating potentially infringing technologies and in presenting the claims of our patents and demonstrating how they apply to companies we believe are using our technologies in their products or services.  These presentations can take place in a non-adversarial business setting, but can also occur through the litigation process, if necessary.
Patented Technologies

Currently, on a consolidated basis, our operating subsidiaries own or control the rights to over 100 patent portfolios, with patent expiration dates ranging from 2009 to 2028, and covering technologies used in a wide variety of industries, including the following:
· Aligned Wafer Bonding · Enhanced Internet Navigation · Peer To Peer Communications 
· Audio Communications Fraud Detection · Enterprise Content Management · Physical Access Control 
· Audio Storage and Retrieval System · Facilities Operation Management System · Picture Archiving & Communication Systems 
· Audio Video Enhancement & Synchronization · File Locking In Shared Storage Networks · Pointing Device 
· Authorized Spending Accounts · Flash Memory · Pop-Up Internet Advertising 
· Automated Notification of Tax Return Status · Fluid Flow Control And Monitoring · Portable Storage Devices With Links 
· Automated Tax Reporting · Hearing Aid ECS · Product Activation 
· Broadcast Data Retrieval · Heated Surgical Blades · Projector 
· Color Correction For Video Graphics Systems · High Quality Image Processing · Purifying Nucleic Acid 
· Compact Disk · High Resolution Optics · Radio Communication With Graphics 
· Compiler · Image Resolution Enhancement · Relational Database Access 
· Computer Graphics · Improved Lighting · Remote Management Of Imaging Devices 
· Computer Memory Cache Coherency · Improved Printing · Remote Video Camera 
· Computer Simulations · Interactive Content In A Cable Distribution System · Resource Scheduling 
· Continuous TV Viewer Measuring · Internet Radio Advertising · Rule Based Monitoring 
· Copy Protection · Interstitial Internet Advertising · Software License Management 
· Credit Card Fraud Protection · Laparoscopic Surgery · Spreadsheet Automation 
· Database Access · Laptop Connectivity · Storage Technology 
· Database Management · Lighting Ballast · Surgical Catheter 
· Database Retrieval · Location Based Services · Telematics 
· Data Encryption · Manufacturing Data Transfer · Television Data Display 
· Digital Newspaper Delivery · Medical Image Stabilization · Television Signal Scrambling 
· Digital Video Production · Medical Monitoring · Text Auto-Completion 
· DMT® · Micromirror Digital Display · Vehicle Anti-Theft Parking Systems 
· Document Generation · Microprocessor · Vehicle Maintenance 
·Document Retrieval Using Global Word Co-Occurrence Patterns · Microprocessor Enhancement · Vehicle Occupant Sensing 
· DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) · Multi-Dimensional Database Compression · Videoconferencing 
· Dynamic Manufacturing Modeling · Network Remote Access · Virtual Computer Workspaces 
· Ecommerce Pricing · Online Ad Tracking · Virtual Server 
· Electronic Address List Management · Online Auction Guarantees · Wireless Data 
· Electronic Message Advertising · Online Promotion · Wireless Digital Messaging 
· Embedded Broadcast Data · Optical Switching · Workspace With Moving Viewpoint 
· Encrypted Media & Playback Devices · Parallel Processing With Shared Memory 4 

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Patent Enforcement Litigation

Our operating subsidiaries are often required to engage in litigation to enforce their patents and patent rights.  Certain of our operating subsidiaries are parties to ongoing patent enforcement related litigation, alleging infringement by third parties of certain of the patented technologies owned or controlled by our operating subsidiaries.
Competition

We expect to encounter increased competition in the area of patent acquisitions and enforcement.  This includes an increase in the number of competitors seeking to acquire the same or similar patents and technologies that we may seek to acquire.  Entities including Allied Security Trust, Altitude Capital Partners, Coller IP, Intellectual Ventures, Millennium Partners, Open Innovation Network, RPX Corporation and Rembrandt IP Management compete in acquiring rights to patents, and we expect more entities to enter the market.
We also compete with venture capital firms and various industry leaders for technology licensing opportunities.  Many of these competitors may have more financial and human resources than our operating subsidiaries.  As we become more successful, we may find more companies entering the market for similar technology opportunities, which may reduce our market share in one or more technology industries that we currently rely upon to generate future revenue.
Other companies may develop competing technologies that offer better or less expensive alternatives to our patented technologies that we may acquire and/or out-license.  Many potential competitors may have significantly greater resources than the resources that our operating subsidiaries possess.  Technological advances or entirely different approaches developed by one or more of our competitors could render certain of the technologies owned or controlled by our operating subsidiaries obsolete and/or uneconomical.
Employees
As of December 31, 2008, on a consolidated basis, we had 41 full-time employees.  None of our subsidiaries are a party to any collective bargaining agreement.  We consider our employee relations to be good.

RISK FACTORS


An investment

Investing in our stocksecurities involves a numberhigh degree of risks.risk. Before making aan investment decision, to purchase our securities, you should carefully consider all of the risks described in (i) the sections entitled “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as filed with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus.prospectus, (ii) the additional risks and uncertainties described below, and (iii) any amendments or updates to our risk factors reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, including in any applicable prospectus supplement, or in any document incorporated by reference herein or therein. If any of thethese risks discussed in this prospectus actually occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operations and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. IfFor more information, see the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.

The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

This prospectus, and the documents we incorporate by reference in this wereprospectus, contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks and uncertainties mentioned elsewhere in this prospectus. For more information, see the section entitled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information.”

Risks Related to Selling Stockholders’ Sales of Shares

Sales of a significant number of shares of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the tradingmarket price of our securities could decline significantlycommon stock, impair our ability to raise capital, and you may loseweaken market confidence in our company.

Starboard Value and its affiliates currently hold Securities convertible into, or exercisable for, an aggregate of 114,589,045 shares of our common stock. As of November 2, 2020, 49,279,453 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding. A future decision by Starboard Value and/or its affiliates to sell all or parta large portion of your investment.  All intellectual property acquisition, development, licensingits shares, or the perception in the market that such sales could occur, could weaken market confidence in our company and enforcement activities are conducted solely by certainour future prospects, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operation, and result in a decline in the market price of our wholly owned operating subsidiaries.

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RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
WE HAVE A HISTORY OF LOSSES AND WILL PROBABLY INCUR ADDITIONAL LOSSES IN THE FUTURE.
We have sustained substantial losses sincecommon stock. In addition, such sales may impair our inception.  ability to raise additional capital in the future at a time and price that our management deems acceptable. Further, it is possible that the selling stockholders may sell their shares to one of our competitors, to a potential acquirer of our company, or to another person whose interests may differ, perhaps materially, from those of our other stockholders.

We may never become profitable, or if we do, we may nevernot be able to sustain profitability.  Asmaintain effectiveness of December 31, 2008, our accumulated deficit was $109.0 million.  Asthe registration statement of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $51.5 million in cash and investments and working capital of $42.6 million.  We expect to incur significant legal, marketing, general and administrative expenses. Aswhich this prospectus forms a result, it is more likely than not that we will incur losses forpart, which could impact the foreseeable future.  However, we believe our current cash and investments on hand will be sufficient to finance anticipated capital and operating requirements for at least the next twelve months.

IF WE, OR OUR SUBSIDIARIES, ENCOUNTER UNFORESEEN DIFFICULTIES AND CANNOT OBTAIN ADDITIONAL FUNDING ON FAVORABLE TERMS, OUR BUSINESS MAY SUFFER.
Our consolidated cash and cash equivalents along with investments totaled $51.5 million and $51.4 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  To date, we have relied primarily upon selling of equity securities and payments from our licensees to generate the funds needed to finance our operations and the operationsliquidity of our operating subsidiaries.
common stock.

Under the terms of the Rights Agreement, we are obligated to file the Initial Registration Statement to cover 130% of the shares of common stock underlying the then-outstanding Securities issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. The registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is intended to satisfy that obligation. We also agreed to use our reasonable efforts to maintain the continuous effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, but we may not be able to do so. We cannot assure you that we will not encounter unforeseen difficulties, including the outside influences identified below, that may deplete our capital resources more rapidly than anticipated. As a result, we and or our subsidiary companies may be required to obtain additional financing through bank borrowings, debtsuspend or equity financingscease sales under the Initial Registration Statement, that the SEC will not issue any stop order to suspend the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or otherwise, which would require us to make additional investments or facethat, if such a dilution of our equity interests. Any efforts to seek additional funds could be made through equity, debt or other external financings. Nevertheless,stop order is issued, we cannot assure that additional funding will be available on favorable terms, if at all. If we fail to obtain additional funding when needed for our subsidiary companies and ourselves, we may not be able to execute our business plans and our business may suffer.

FAILURE TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE OUR GROWTH COULD PLACE STRAINS ON OUR MANAGERIAL, OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS AND OPERATING RESULTS.
Our growth has placed, andamend the Initial Registration Statement to remove the stop order to permit sales to be made under the Initial Registration Statement in a timely manner or at all. To the extent the Initial Registration Statement is expected to continue to place, a strain on our managerial, operational and financial resources. Further, as our subsidiary companies’ businesses grow, we will be required to manage multiple relationships. Any further growth by us or our subsidiary companies or an increase innot effective, the number of our strategic relationships will increase this strain on our managerial, operational and financial resources. This strain may inhibit ourselling stockholders’ ability to achievesell the rapid execution necessary to successfully implement our business plan.
OUR FUTURE SUCCESS DEPENDS ON OUR ABILITY TO EXPAND OUR ORGANIZATION TO MATCH THE GROWTH OF OUR SUBSIDIARIES.
As our operating subsidiaries grow,shares of common stock issuable upon the administrative demands upon us and on our operating subsidiaries, will grow, and our success will depend upon our ability to meet those demands. These demands include increased accounting, management, legal services, staff support, and general office services. We may need to hire additional qualified personnel to meet these demands, the cost and quality of which is dependent in part upon market factors outside of our control. Further, we will need to effectively manage the training and growth of our staff to maintain an efficient and effective workforce, and our failure to do so could adversely affect our business and operating results.
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OUR REVENUES WILL BE UNPREDICTABLE, AND THIS MAY HARM OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION.
From January 2005 to present, certain of our operating subsidiaries have continued to execute our strategy in the area of patent portfolio and patent portfolio rights acquisitions.  Currently, on a consolidated basis, our operating subsidiaries ownconversion or control the rights to over 100 patent portfolios, which include U.S. patents and certain foreign counterparts, covering technologies used in a wide variety of industries.  These acquisitions continue to expand and diversify our revenue generating opportunities. We believe that our cash and cash equivalent balances, anticipated cash flow from operations and other external sources of available credit, will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements through at least March 2010, and for the foreseeable future.  However, due to the nature of our licensing business and uncertainties regarding the amount and timingexercise of the receipt of license fees from potential infringers, stemming primarily from uncertainties regarding the outcome of enforcement actions, rates of adoption of our patented technologies, the growth rates of our existing licensees and other factors, we cannot currently predict the amount and timing of the receipt of license fee revenues with a sufficient degree of precision.
As a result, our revenuesSecurities may vary significantly from quarter to quarter,be limited, which could make our business difficult to manage and cause our quarterly results to be below market expectations. If this happens, the market price of our common stock may decline significantly.
OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES DEPEND UPON RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS TO PROVIDE TECHNOLOGY-BASED OPPORTUNITIES THAT CAN DEVELOP INTO PROFITABLE ROYALTY-BEARING LICENSES, AND IF IT IS UNABLE TO MAINTAIN AND GENERATE NEW RELATIONSHIPS, THEN IT MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SUSTAIN EXISTING LEVELS OF REVENUE OR INCREASE REVENUE.
Neither we nor our operating subsidiaries invent new technologies or products but instead depend on the identification and acquisition of new patents and inventions through their relationships with inventors, universities, research institutions, and others.  If our operating subsidiaries are unable to maintain those relationships and continue to grow new relationships, then they may not be able to identify new technology-based opportunities for growth and sustainable revenue.
We cannot be certain that current or new relationships will provide the volume or quality of technologies necessary to sustain our business.  In some cases, universities and other technology sources may compete against us as they seek to develop and commercialize technologies.  Universities may receive financing for basic research in exchange for the exclusive right to commercialize resulting inventions.  These and other strategies may reduce the number of technology sources and potential clients to whom we can market our services.  If we are unable to secure new sources of technology, it could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
THE SUCCESS OF OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES DEPENDS IN PART UPON THEIR ABILITY TO RETAIN THE BEST LEGAL COUNSEL TO REPRESENT THEM IN PATENT ENFORCEMENT LITIGATION.
The successthe liquidity of our licensing business depends upon our operating subsidiaries’ ability to retaincommon stock.

In addition, if (i) the best legal counsel to prosecute patent infringement litigation. As our operating subsidiaries’ patent enforcement actions increase, it will become more difficult to find the best legal counsel to handle all of our cases because many of the best law firms may have a conflict of interest that prevents its representation of our subsidiary companies.

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OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES, IN CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, RELY ON REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND OPINIONS MADE BY THIRD PARTIES, THAT IF DETERMINED TO BE FALSE OR INACCURATE, MAY EXPOSE OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES TO CERTAIN LIABILITIES THAT COULD BE MATERIAL.
From time to time, our operating subsidiaries may rely upon representations and warranties made by third parties from whom certain of our operating subsidiaries acquired patents or the exclusive rights to license and enforce patents. We also may rely upon the opinions of purported experts.  In certain instances, we mayInitial Registration Statement is not have the opportunity to independently investigate and verify the facts upon which such representations, warranties, and opinions are made. By relying on these representations, warranties and opinions, our operating subsidiaries may be exposed to liabilities in connection with the licensing and enforcement of certain patents and patent rights.  It is difficult to predict the extent and nature of such liabilities which, in some instances, may be material.
IN CONNECTION WITH PATENT ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS CONDUCTED BY CERTAIN OF OUR SUBSIDIARIES, A COURT MAY RULE THAT OUR SUBSIDIARIES HAVE VIOLATED CERTAIN STATUTORY, REGULATORY, FEDERAL, LOCAL OR GOVERNING RULES OR STANDARDS, WHICH MAY EXPOSE US AND OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES TO MATERIAL LIABILITIES, WHICH COULD MATERIALLY HARM OUR OPERATING RESULTS AND OUR FINANCIAL POSITION.
In connection with any of our patent enforcement actions, it is possible that a defendant may request and/or a court may rule that we have violated statutory authority, regulatory authority, federal rules, local court rules, or governing standards relating to the substantive or procedural aspects of such enforcement actions.  In such event, a court may issue monetary sanctions against us or our operating subsidiaries or award attorney’s fees and/or expenses to a defendant(s), which could be material, and if required to be paid by us or our operating subsidiaries, could materially harm our operating results and our financial position.
OUR INVESTMENTS IN AUCTION RATE SECURITIES ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS, INCLUDING THE CONTINUED FAILURE OF FUTURE AUCTIONS, WHICH MAY CAUSE US TO INCUR LOSSES OR HAVE REDUCED LIQUIDITY.
At December 31, 2008, our investments in marketable securities include certain auction rate securities. Our auction rate securities are investment grade quality and were in compliance with our investment policy when purchased.  Historically, our auction rate securities were recorded at cost, which approximated their fair market value due to their variable interest rates, which typically reset every 7 to 35 days, despite the long-term nature of their stated contractual maturities.  The Dutch auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at predetermined calendar intervals is intended to provide liquidity to the holder of auction rate securities by matching buyers and sellers within a market context enabling the holder to gain immediate liquidity by selling such interests at par or rolling over their investment. If there is an imbalance between buyers and sellers the risk of a failed auction exists.  Due to recent liquidity issues in the global credit and capital markets, these securities experienced several failed auctions since February 2008.  In such case of a failure, the auction rate securities continue to pay interest, at the maximum rate, in accordance with their terms, however, we may not be able to access the par value of the invested funds until a future auction of these investments is successful, the security is calleddeclared effective by the issuer or a buyer is found outside of the auction process.
At December 31, 2008, the par value of auction rate securities collateralized by student loan portfolios totaled $2.75 million.  As a result of the liquidity issues associated with the failed auctions, we estimate that the fair value of these auction rate securities no longer approximates their par value.  Due to the estimate that the market for these student loan collateralized instruments may take in excess of twelve months to fully recover, we have classified these investments as noncurrent in the accompanying December 31, 2008 consolidated balance sheet.  In addition, as a result of our analysis of the estimated fair value of our student loan collateralized instruments, as described at Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008, we have recorded an other-than-temporary loss of $250,000 for our student loan collateralized instruments in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
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At December 31, 2008, we also held auction rate securities with a par value totaling $975,000, issued by high credit quality closed-end investment companies.  Despite the reduction in liquidity resulting from the failure of auctions for these securities since February 2008, the issuers of these auction rate securities have redeemed, at par, approximately 66% of the securities held by us since February 2008, and have indicated that they continue to evaluate ways to provide additional liquidity to their auction rate security holders.  Additionally, these securities continue to be AAA rated and the underlying funds continue to meet certain specified asset coverage teststime period required by the rating agencies,Rights Agreement, (ii) the Initial Registration Statement fails to register all of the Underlying Shares or (iii) sales of all of the Underlying shares cannot be made pursuant to the Initial Registration Statement or otherwise, we will be required to pay certain monetary penalties to the holders of the Underlying Shares, as well as the 200% asset coverage test with respect to auction rate securities set forth in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  However, dueRights Agreement.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We intend to use the impact of the reduced liquidity associated with these securities as of December 31, 2008,net proceeds we recorded an other-than-temporary loss on these auction rate securities of $236,000 in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008, and have classified our auction rate securities issued by closed-end investment companies as noncurrent assets in the accompanying December 31, 2008 consolidated balance sheet.

The capital and credit markets have been experiencing extreme volatility and disruption for more than 12 months.  In recent weeks, the volatility and disruption have reached unprecedented levels. In several cases, the markets have exerted downward pressure on stock prices and credit capacity for certain issuers.  Given the deteriorating credit markets, and the sustained incidence of failure within the auction market since February 2008, there can be no assurance as to when we would be able to liquidate a particular issue.  Furthermore, if these market conditions were to persist despite our ability to hold such investments until maturity, we may be required to record additional impairment charges in a future period.  The systemic failure of future auctions for auction rate securities may result in a loss of liquidity, substantial impairment to our investments, realization of substantial future losses, or a complete loss of the investment in the long-term which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition. Refer to Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, for additional information about our investments in auction rate securities and the implementation of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.”
RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDUSTRY
BECAUSE OUR BUSINESS OPERATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO MANY UNCONTROLLABLE OUTSIDE INFLUENCES, WE MAY NOT SUCCEED.
Our licensing and enforcement business operations are subject to numerous risksreceive from outside influences, including the following:
New legislation, regulations or rules related to obtaining patents or enforcing patents could significantly increase our operating costs and decrease our revenue.
Our operating subsidiaries acquire patents with enforcement opportunities and are spending a significant amount of resources to enforce those patents. If new legislation, regulations or rules are implemented either by Congress, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, or the courts that impact the patent application process, the patent enforcement process or the rights of patent holders, these changes could negatively affect our expenses and revenue. For example, new rules regarding the burden of proof in patent enforcement actions could significantly increase the cost of our enforcement actions, and new standards or limitations on liability for patent infringement could negatively impact our revenue derived from such enforcement actions.
Trial judges and juries often find it difficult to understand complex patent enforcement litigation, and as a result, we may need to appeal adverse decisions by lower courts in order to successfully enforce our patents.
It is difficult to predict the outcome of patent enforcement litigation at the trial level. It is often difficult for juries and trial judges to understand complex, patented technologies, and as a result, there is a higher rate of successful appeals in patent enforcement litigation than more standard business litigation. Such appeals are expensive and time consuming, resulting in increased costs and delayed revenue. Although we diligently pursue enforcement litigation, we cannot predict with significant reliability the decisions made by juries and trial courts.
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More patent applications are filed each year resulting in longer delays in getting patents issued by the USPTO.
Certain of our operating subsidiaries hold and continue to acquire pending patents. We have identified a trend of increasing patent applications each year, which we believe is resulting in longer delays in obtaining approval of pending patent applications. The application delays could cause delays in recognizing revenue from these patents and could cause us to miss opportunities to license patents before other competing technologies are developed or introduced into the market. See the subheading “Competition is intense in the industries in which our subsidiaries do business and as a result, we may not be able to grow or maintain our market share for our technologies and patents,” below.
Federal courts are becoming more crowded, and as a result, patent enforcement litigation is taking longer.
Our patent enforcement actions are almost exclusively prosecuted in federal court. Federal trial courts that hear our patent enforcement actions also hear criminal cases. Criminal cases always take priority over our actions. As a result, it is difficult to predict the length of time it will take to complete an enforcement action. Moreover, we believe there is a trend in increasing numbers of civil lawsuits and criminal proceedings before federal judges, and as a result, we believe that the risk of delays in our patent enforcement actions will have a greater affect on our business in the future unless this trend changes.
Any reductions in the funding of the USPTO could have an adverse impact on the cost of processing pending patent applications and the value of those pending patent applications.
The assets of our operating subsidiaries consist of patent portfolios, including pending patent applications before the USPTO. The value of our patent portfolios is dependent upon the issuance of patents in a timely manner, and any reductions in the funding of the USPTO could negatively impact the value of our assets. Further, reductions in funding from Congress could result in higher patent application filing and maintenance fees charged by the USPTO, causing an unexpected increase in our expenses.
Competition is intense in the industries in which our subsidiaries do business and as a result, we may not be able to grow or maintain our market share for our technologies and patents.
We expect to encounter competition in the area of patent acquisition and enforcement as the number of companies entering this market is increasing. This includes competitors seeking to acquire the same or similar patents and technologies that we may seek to acquire. Entities including Allied Security Trust, Altitude Capital Partners, Coller IP, Intellectual Ventures, Millennium Partners, Open Innovation Network, RPX Corporation and Rembrandt IP Management compete in acquiring rights to patents, and we expect more entities to enter the market. As new technological advances occur, many of our patented technologies may become obsolete before they are completely monetized. If we are unable to replace obsolete technologies with more technologically advanced patented technologies, then this obsolescence could have a negative effect on our ability to generate future revenues.
Our licensing business also competes with venture capital firms and various industry leaders for technology licensing opportunities.  Many of these competitors may have more financial and human resources than our company.  As we become more successful, we may find more companies entering the market for similar technology opportunities, which may reduce our market share in one or more technology industries that we currently rely upon to generate future revenue.
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Our patented technologies face uncertain market value.
Our operating subsidiaries have acquired patents and technologies that are at early stages of adoption in the commercial and consumer markets. Demand for some of these technologies is untested and is subject to fluctuation based upon the rate at which our licensees will adopt our patents and technologies in their products and services. Refer to the related risk factor below.
As patent enforcement litigation becomes more prevalent, it may become more difficult for us to voluntarily license our patents.
We believe that the more prevalent patent enforcement actions become, the more difficult it will be for us to voluntarily license our patents. As a result, we may need to increase the number of our patent enforcement actions to cause infringing companies to license the patent or pay damages for lost royalties. This may increase the risks associated with an investment in our company.
The foregoing outside influences may affect other risk factors described in this prospectus.
Any one of the foregoing outside influences may cause our company to need additional financing to meet the challenges presented or to compensate for a loss in revenue, and we may not be able to obtain the needed financing. See the heading “If we, or our subsidiaries, encounter unforeseen difficulties and cannot obtain additional funding on favorable terms, our business may suffer” above.
THE MARKETS SERVED BY OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES ARE SUBJECT TO RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, AND IF OUR OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES ARE UNABLE TO DEVELOP AND ACQUIRE NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND PATENTS, ITS REVENUES COULD STOP GROWING OR COULD DECLINE.
The markets served by our operating subsidiaries’ licensees frequently undergo transitions in which products rapidly incorporate new features and performance standards on an industry-wide basis. Products for communications applications, high-speed computing applications, as well as other applications covered by our operating subsidiaries’ intellectual property, are based on continually evolving industry standards. Our ability to compete in the future will, however, depend on our ability to identify and ensure compliance with evolving industry standards. This will require our continued efforts and success of acquiring new patent portfolios with licensing and enforcement opportunities. However, we expect to have sufficient liquidity and capital resources for the foreseeable future in order to maintain the level of acquisitions we believe we need to keep pace with these technological advances. However, outside influences may cause the need for greater liquidity and capital resources than expected, as described under the caption “Because our business operations are subject to many uncontrollable outside influences, we may not succeed” above.
THE RECENT FINANCIAL CRISIS AND CURRENT UNCERTAINTY IN GLOBAL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COULD NEGATIVELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
Our revenue-generating opportunities depend on the use of our patented technologies by existing and prospective licensees, the overall demand for the products and services of our licensees, and on the overall economic and financial health of our licensees.  The recent financial crisis affecting the banking system and financial markets and the current uncertainty in global economic conditions have resulted in a tightening in the credit markets, a low level of liquidity in many financial markets, and extreme volatility in the credit, equity and fixed income markets. If the current worldwide economic downturn continues, many of our licensees’ customers, which may rely on credit financing, may delay or reduce their purchases of our licensees’ products and services.  In addition, the use or adoption of our patented technologies is often based on current and forecasted demand for our licensees’ products and services in the marketplace and may require companies to make significant initial commitments of capital and other resources.  If the negative conditions in the global credit markets delay or prevent our licensees’ and their customers’ access to credit, overall consumer spending on the products and services of our licensees may decrease and the adoption or use of our patented technologies may slow, respectively.  Further, if the markets in which our licensees’ participate experience further economic downturns, as well as a slow recovery period, this could negatively impact our licensees’ long-term sales and revenue generation, margins and operating expenses, which could impact the magnitude of revenues generated or projected to be generated by our licensees, which could have a material impact on our business, license fee generating opportunities, operating results and financial condition.
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In addition, we have significant patent related intangible assets recorded on our consolidated balance sheet. We will continue to evaluate the recoverability of the carrying amount of our patent related intangible assets on an ongoing basis, and we may incur substantial impairment charges, which would adversely affect our consolidated financial results. There can be no assurance that the outcome of such reviews in the future will not result in substantial impairment charges. Impairment assessment inherently involves judgment as to assumptions about expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Future events and changing market conditions may impact our assumptions as to prices, costs, holding periods or other factors that may result in changes in our estimates of future cash flows. Although we believe the assumptions we used in testing for impairment are reasonable, significant changes in any one of our assumptions could produce a significantly different result.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK
THE AVAILABILITY OF SHARES FOR SALE IN THE FUTURE COULD REDUCE THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
In the future, we may issue securities to raise cash for operations and or acquisitions. We may also pay for interests in additional subsidiary companies by using a combination of cash and our common stock or just our common stock. We may also issue securities convertible into our common stock. Any of these events may dilute stockholders ownership interest in our company and have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.
In addition, sales of a substantial amount of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could reduce the market price of our common stock. This could also impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of our securities.
DELAWARE LAW AND OUR CHARTER DOCUMENTS CONTAIN PROVISIONS THAT COULD DISCOURAGE OR PREVENT A POTENTIAL TAKEOVER OF OUR COMPANY THAT MIGHT OTHERWISE RESULT IN OUR STOCKHOLDERS RECEIVING A PREMIUM OVER THE MARKET PRICE OF THEIR SHARES.
Provisions of Delaware lawsecurities, and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make the following more difficult: the acquisition of our company by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and the removal of incumbent officers and directors. These provisions include:

·              Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits a merger with a 15%-or-greater stockholder, such as a party that has completed a successful tender offer, until three years after that party became a 15%-or-greater stockholder;

·              amendment of our bylaws by the stockholders requires a two-thirds approval of the outstanding shares;

·              the authorization in our certificate of incorporation of undesignated preferred stock, which could be issued without stockholder approval in a manner designed to prevent or discourage a takeover;
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·              provisions in our bylaws eliminating stockholders’ rights to call a special meeting of stockholders, which could make it more difficult for stockholders to wage a proxy contest for control of our board of directors or to vote to repeal any of the anti-takeover provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws; and

·              the division of our board of directors into three classes with staggered terms for each class, which could make it more difficult for an outsider to gain control of our board of directors.
Such potential obstacles to a takeover could adversely affect the ability of our stockholders to receive a premium price for their stock in the event another company wants to acquire us.
AS A RESULT OF THE REDEMPTION OF ACACIA RESEARCH-COMBIMATRIX COMMON STOCK FOR THE COMMON STOCK OF COMBIMATRIX CORPORATION, WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN TAX LIABILITY UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE.  
Our distribution of the common stock of CombiMatrix in the Split-Off Transaction will be tax-free to us if the distribution qualifies under Sections 368 and 355 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code.  If the Split-Off Transaction fails to qualify under Section 355 of the Code, corporate tax would be payable by the consolidated group as of the date of the Split-Off Transaction, of which we are the common parent, based upon the difference between the aggregate fair market value of the assets of CombiMatrix’s business and the adjusted tax bases of such business to us prior to the redemption.
We received a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service,exercise of any warrants or the IRS, to the effect that, among other things, the redemption would be tax free to us and the holders of Acacia Research-Acacia Technologies common stock and Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock under Sections 368 and 355 of the Code. The private letter ruling, while generally binding upon the IRS, was based upon factual representations and assumptions and commitments on our behalf with respect to future operations made in the ruling request. The IRS could modify or revoke the private letter ruling retroactively if the factual representations and assumptions in the request were materially incomplete or untrue, the facts upon which the private letter ruling was based were materially different from the facts at the time of the redemption, or if we do not comply with certain commitments made.
If the Split-Off Transaction fails to qualify under Section 355 of the Code, corporate tax, if any, would be payable by the consolidated group of which we are the common parent, as described above.  As such, the corporate level tax would be payable by us. CombiMatrix has agreed however, to indemnify usrights issued pursuant hereto, for this and certain other tax liabilities if they result from actions taken by CombiMatrix.  Notwithstanding CombiMatrix’s agreement to indemnify us, under the Code’s consolidated return regulations, each member of our consolidated group, including our company, will be severally liable for these tax liabilities. Further, we may be liable for additional taxes if we take certain actions within two years following the redemption, as more fully discussed in the immediately following risk factor.  If we are found liable to the IRS for these liabilities, the resulting obligation could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, and we may be unable to recover on the indemnity from CombiMatrix.
FOLLOWING THE REDEMPTION OF ACACIA RESEARCH-COMBIMATRIX COMMON STOCK FOR THE COMMON STOCK OF COMBIMATRIX, WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN TAX LIABILITIES UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE FOR ACTIONS TAKEN BY US OR COMBIMATRIX FOLLOWING THE REDEMPTION.  
Even if the distribution qualifies under Section 368 and 355 of the Code, it will be taxable to us if Section 355(e) of the Code applies to the distribution. Section 355(e) will apply if 50% or more of our common stock or CombiMatrix’s common stock, by vote or value, is acquired by one or more persons, other than the holders of Acacia Research-CombiMatrix common stock who receive the common stock of CombiMatrix in the redemption, acting pursuant to a plan or a series of related transactions that includes the redemption. Any shares of our common stock, the Acacia Research-CombiMatrix stock or the common stock of CombiMatrix acquired directly or indirectly within two years before or after the redemption generally are presumed to be part of such a plan unless we can rebut that presumption. To prevent applicability of Section 355(e) or to otherwise prevent the distribution from failing to qualify under Section 355 of the Code, CombiMatrix has agreed that, until two years after the redemption, it will not take any of the following actions unless prior to taking such action, it has obtained, and provided to us, a written opinion of tax counsel or a ruling from the IRS to the effect that such action will not cause the redemption to be taxable to us, which we refer to in this prospectus collectively as Disqualifying Actions:
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·             merge or consolidate with another corporation;

·             liquidate or partially liquidate;

·             sell or transfer all or substantially all of its assets;

·             redeem or repurchase its stock (except in certain limited circumstances); or

·             take any other action which could reasonably be expected to cause Section 355(e) to apply to the distribution.
Further, if we take any Disqualifying Action, we may be subject to additional tax liability.  Many of our competitors are not subject to similar restrictions and may issue their stock to complete acquisitions, expand their product offerings and speed the development of new technology.  Therefore, these competitors may have a competitive advantage over us.  Substantial uncertainty exists on the scope of Section 355(e), and we may have undertaken, may contemplate undertaking or may otherwise undertake in the future transactions which may cause Section 355(e) to apply to the redemption notwithstanding our desire or intent to avoid application of Section 355(e). Accordingly, we cannot provide you any assurance that we will not be liable for taxes if Section 355(e) applies to the redemption.
WE MAY FAIL TO MEET MARKET EXPECTATIONS BECAUSE OF FLUCTUATIONS IN QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS, WHICH COULD CAUSE THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK TO DECLINE.
Our reported revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter in the future. It is possible that in future periods, revenues could fall below the expectations of securities analysts or investors, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. The following are among the factors that could cause our operating results to fluctuate significantly from period to period:

·              the dollar amount of agreements executed in each period, which is primarily driven by the nature and characteristics of the technology being licensed and the magnitude of infringement associated with a specific licensee;

·              the specific terms and conditions of agreements executed in each period and the periods of infringement contemplated by the respective payments;

·              fluctuations in the total number of agreements executed;

·              fluctuations in the sales results or other royalty-per-unit activities of our licensees that impact the calculation of license fees due;

·              the timing of the receipt of periodic license fee payments and/or reports from licensees;

·              fluctuations in the net number of active licensees period to period;
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·costs related to acquisitions, alliances, licenses and other efforts to expand our operations;

·the timing of payments under the terms of any customer or license agreements into which our operating subsidiaries may enter; and

·expenses related to, and the timing and results of, patent filings and other enforcement proceedings relating to intellectual property rights, as more fully described in this section.

TECHNOLOGY COMPANY STOCK PRICES ARE ESPECIALLY VOLATILE, AND THIS VOLATILITY MAY DEPRESS THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
The stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations, and the market prices of technology companies have been highly volatile. We believe that various factors may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate, perhaps substantially, including, among others, the following:

·announcements of developments in our patent enforcement actions;

·developments or disputes concerning our patents;

·our or our competitors’ technological innovations;

·developments in relationships with licensees;

·variations in our quarterly operating results;

·our failure to meet or exceed securities analysts’ expectations of our financial results;

·a change in financial estimates or securities analysts’ recommendations;

·changes in management’s or securities analysts’ estimates of our financial performance;

·changes in market valuations of similar companies;

·announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures,working capital commitments, new technologies, or patents; and

·failure to complete significant transactions.

For example, the NASDAQ Computer Index had a range of $582.76 - $1,288.12 during the 52-weeks ended December 31, 2008 and the NASDAQ Composite Index had a range of $1,295.48 - $2,661.50 over the same period.  Over the same period, our common stock fluctuated within a range of $1.87 - $9.30.
The financial crisis affecting the banking system and financial markets and the current uncertainty in global economic conditions, which began in late 2007 and continued throughout 2008, have resulted in a tightening in the credit markets, a low level of liquidity in many financial markets, and extreme volatility in the credit, equity and fixed income markets. As noted above, our stock price, like many other stocks, has decreased substantially recently and if investors have concerns that our business, operating results and financial condition will be negatively impacted by a continuing worldwide economic downturn, our stock price could further decrease.
In addition, we believe that fluctuations in our stock price during applicable periods can also be impacted by court rulings and or other developments in our patent enforcement actions. Court rulings in patent enforcement actions are often difficult to understand, even when favorable or neutral to the value of our patents and our overall business, and we believe that investors in the market may overreact, causing fluctuations in our stock prices that may not accurately reflect the impact of court rulings on our business operations and assets.
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In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been the objects of securities class action litigation. If our common stock was the object of securities class action litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could materially harm our business and financial results.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Reference is made in particular to the description of our plans and objectives for future operations, assumptions underlying such plans and objectives, and other forward-looking statements included in this prospectus. Such statementsgeneral corporate purposes.

We may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “continue,” or similar terms, variations of such terms or the negative of such terms. Such statements are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Such statements address future events and conditions concerning product development, capital expenditures, earnings, litigation, regulatory matters, markets for products and services, liquidity and capital resources and accounting matters. Actual results in each case could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements by reason of factors such as future economic conditions, changes in consumer demand, legislative, regulatory and competitive developments in markets in which we and our subsidiaries operate, and other circumstances affecting anticipated revenues and costs, as more fully disclosed in our discussion of risk factors on page 12 of this prospectus. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based. Additional factors that could cause such results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements are set forth in connection withadditional information regarding the forward-looking statements.


USE OF PROCEEDS
We will retain broad discretion over theanticipated use of the net proceeds from the sale of securities we offer under this prospectus in a prospectus supplement relating to the specific offering. We have not determined the amount of net proceeds to be used from any specific offering. As a result, our management will have broad discretion in the allocation of the securities offered under this prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectus that we authorize to be provided to you in connection with a specific offering, we intend to use the net proceeds received from the sale of the securities offered hereby for our operations and for general corporate purposes, including working capital for our businesses. pursuant to this prospectus.

Pending ourthe use of the net proceeds, as described above, we intend to invest the net proceeds in high-quality, short-term interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade interest-bearing securities.instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders (other than the net proceeds received upon the exercise of the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants held by the Buyers, assuming the exercise price for such warrants is paid in cash). All of the shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the selling stockholders for their own account.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The shares of common stock being offered by the selling stockholders are those issuable to the selling stockholders upon conversion of the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and upon exercise of the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants. The shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are immediately convertible into, and the Series A and Series B Warrants are immediately exercisable for, shares of our common stock. For additional information regarding the issuances of the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, the Series A Warrants and the Series B Warrants, see the section entitled “About the Company.”

We mayare registering such shares of common stock in order to permit the selling stockholders to offer and sell the securitiesshares from time to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, or directlytime. Except for the transactions described in the section entitled “About the Company,” the selling stockholders have not had any material relationship with us within the past three years.

The table below lists the selling stockholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock held by the selling stockholders.

The second column lists the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the selling stockholders, based on their ownership of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants, in each case as of September 30, 2020, assuming conversion of all shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and exercise of all Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants, held by the selling stockholders on that date, without regard to one or more purchasers or through a combinationany limitations on the issuance of these methods. The applicable prospectus supplement (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorizecommon stock pursuant to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offeringAmended and Restated Certificate of Designations, Preferences, and Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, or the Amended Certificate of Designations, or upon exercise of the securities, including,Series A Warrants or Series B Warrants.

The third column lists the shares of common stock being offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the Rights Agreement, this prospectus covers the resale of the sum of 130% of (i) the initial number of shares of common stock issued and issuable pursuant to the Amended Certificate of Designations, and (ii) the maximum number of shares of common stock issued and issuable upon exercise of the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants, in each case, as of the date the registration statement is initially filed with the SEC, all subject to adjustment as provided in the Rights Agreement, and without regard to any limitations on the issuance of shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the Amended Certificate of Designations or upon exercise of the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants. Because the conversion price of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may be adjusted, the number of shares that will actually be issued upon conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may be more or less than the number of shares being offered by this prospectus.

The fourth column assumes the sale of all of the shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus.

Under the terms of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, and the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants, a selling stockholder may not convert the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, or exercise the Series A Warrants or Series B Warrants, to the extent applicable:

such conversion or exercise would cause such selling stockholder, together with its affiliates, to beneficially own a number of shares of common stock which would exceed, except in limited circumstances with respect to the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, 4.89% of our then outstanding shares of common stock following such conversion or exercise, excluding for purposes of such determination shares of common stock issuable pursuant to the terms of the Amended Certificate of Designations if such shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have not been converted, and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Series A Warrants or Series B Warrants which have not been exercised. The number of shares reflected in the second and third columns does not reflect this limitation.

The selling stockholders may sell all, some or none of their shares in this offering. For additional information, see the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.”

Ÿthe name or names of any underwriters, if any, and if required, any dealers or agents;7

 Name of Selling Stockholder Number of Shares of
Common Stock
Owned Prior to
Offering
  Maximum Number of
Shares of Common
Stock to be Sold
Pursuant to this
Prospectus
  Number of Shares of
Common Stock
Owned After
Offering
  Percentage of
Shares of
Common Stock
Owned After
Offering
 
Entities managed by Starboard Value(1)  114,589,045(2)  148,965,762(3)   0   * 

*       Denotes less than one percent (1.0%).

(1)These securities are held by various managed accounts and funds for which Starboard Value serves as the investment manager, including, without limitation, Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund Ltd, Starboard X Master Fund Ltd, Starboard Value and Opportunity S LLC, Starboard Value and Opportunity C LP and Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund L LP. Starboard Value also serves as the manager of Starboard Value and Opportunity S LLC. Starboard Value R LP acts as the general partner of Starboard Value and Opportunity C LP. Starboard Value L LP acts as the general partner of Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund L LP. Starboard Value R GP LLC acts as the general partner of Starboard R LP and Starboard L GP. Starboard Value GP LLC ("Starboard Value GP") acts as the general partner of Starboard Value. Starboard Principal Co LP ("Principal Co") acts as a member of Starboard Value GP. Starboard Principal Co GP LLC ("Principal GP") acts as the general partner of Principal Co. Each of Jeffrey C. Smith and Peter A. Feld acts as a member of Principal GP and as a member of each of the Management Committee of Starboard Value GP and the Management Committee of Principal GP. Each of the foregoing disclaims beneficial ownership of these securities except to the extent of its or his pecuniary interest therein.

(2)Amount represents the sum of: (i) 9,589,045 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of 350,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, (ii) 5,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of Series A Warrants, and (iii) 100,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of Series B Warrants.

(3)

Amount represents the sum of 130% of the (i) 9,589,045 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of 350,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, (ii) 5,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of Series A Warrants, and (iii) 100,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of Series B Warrants.

Ÿthe purchase price or other consideration to be paid in connection with the sale of the securities being offered and the proceeds we will receive from the sale;8

Ÿany over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;
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Ÿany underwriting discounts or agency fees and other items constituting underwriters’ or agents’ compensation;
Ÿany public offering price;
Ÿany discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and
Ÿany securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering (i) shares of our common stock, (ii) shares of our preferred stock, (iii) debt securities, which may distributebe convertible into one or more other securities or non-convertible, (iv) warrants to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and/or units, (v) rights to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units, and (vi) units that may consist of any combination of the other securities described in this prospectus, which may or may not be separable from one another.

In addition, we are registering the shares of common stock issuable to the selling stockholders upon the conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and upon the exercise of the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants, to permit the selling stockholders to offer and sell such shares from time to time in one after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of common stock offered by the selling stockholders. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to our obligation, pursuant to the Rights Agreement, to register the shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders.

We and/or more transactions at:

Ÿat fixed price or prices, which may be changed from time to time;
Ÿmarket prices prevailing at the time of sale;
Ÿprices related to such prevailing market prices; or
Ÿnegotiated prices.
Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement are underwritersselling stockholders may sell all or a portion of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.
If we utilize an underwriter in the sale of the securities being offered, we will execute an underwriting agreement with the underwriter at the time of sale. Any underwriters used in the sale will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securitieshereby from time to time directly or through one or more underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. If shares of common stock are sold by the selling stockholders through underwriters or broker-dealers, the selling stockholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or agent’s commissions. The shares of common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price orprices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligationssale, or at negotiated prices. These sales made pursuant to this prospectus may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions.

on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale;

in the over-the-counter market;

in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market;

through the writing of options, whether such options are listed on an options exchange or otherwise;

in ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

in block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the underwritersblock as principal to purchasefacilitate the securities will be subject totransaction;

through purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the conditions set forthbroker-dealer for its account;

through an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securitiesexchange;

through privately negotiated transactions;

through short sales;

through sales pursuant to the public Rule 144;

through underwriting syndicates represented by managingblock trades in which broker-dealers, underwriters or by underwriters withoutagents may agree with us and/or the selling stockholders to sell a syndicate.specified number of such securities at a stipulated price per share;

a combination of any such methods of sale; and

any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

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In connection with the salesales of the securities, we,shares of common stock or otherwise, the purchasersselling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may in turn engage in short sales of the securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwritershares of common stock in the formcourse of underwriting discountshedging in positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of common stock short and deliver shares of common stock covered by this prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The selling stockholders may also loan or commissions. The underwriterpledge shares of common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell the securities tosuch shares.

The selling stockholders may pledge or through dealers, and the underwriter may compensate those dealersgrant a security interest in the form of discounts, concessionssome or commissions. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offeredshares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Series A Warrants, Series B Warrants or shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the prospectus supplement. Weperformance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may changeoffer and sell the shares of common stock from time to time the public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paidpursuant to dealers.

We may directly solicit offers to purchase the securities. We may also designate agents to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. We will name in a prospectus supplement any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
If we utilize a dealer in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus we will sell the securitiesor any amendment to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
We may authorize agentsthis prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or underwriters to solicit offers by institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.
Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaningother applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, amending, if necessary, the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders also may transfer and donate the shares of common stock in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

The selling stockholders and any broker-dealer participating in the distribution of the securities offered hereby may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any commission paid, or any discounts and commissions received by them andor concessions allowed to, any profit realized by them on resale of the securitiessuch broker-dealer may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. At the time a particular offering of the securities is made, a prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed which will set forth the aggregate amount and type of securities being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any broker-dealers or agents, any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the selling stockholders and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reflowed or paid to broker-dealers.

Under the securities laws of some states, the securities offered hereby may be sold in such states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the securities offered hereby may not be sold unless such shares have been registered or qualified for sale in such state or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and is complied with.

There can be no assurance that we and/or any selling stockholder will sell any or all of the securities registered pursuant to the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part.

The selling stockholders and any other person participating in such distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M of the Exchange Act, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the securities by the selling stockholders and any other participating person. Regulation M may also restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the securities to engage in market-making activities with respect to the securities. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the securities and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the securities.

We will pay all expenses of the registration of the shares of common stock pursuant to the Rights Agreement, including, without limitation, SEC filing fees and expenses of compliance with state securities or “blue sky” laws; provided, however, that a selling stockholder will pay all underwriting discounts and commissions.selling commissions, if any. We will indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including some liabilities under the Securities Act, in accordance with the Rights Agreement, or the selling stockholders will be entitled to contribution. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agentsbe indemnified by the selling stockholders against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, that may arise from any written information furnished to us by the selling stockholder specifically for use in this prospectus, in accordance with the related Rights Agreement, or we may be entitled to contributecontribution.

Once sold under the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, the securities will be freely tradable in the hands of persons other than our affiliates.

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THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

We may offer and sell, from time to payments theytime, in one or more offerings, any combination of common stock, preferred stock, convertible or non-convertible debt securities, warrants, rights and/or units having an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $100,000,000. The preferred stock may be convertible into shares of our common stock, shares of our preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, rights and/or units. The debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our common stock, shares of our preferred stock, other debt securities, warrants, rights and/or units, or may be non-convertible. The warrants may be exercisable for shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and/or units. The rights may be exercisable for shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units. The units may consist of any combination of the other types of securities described in this prospectus, which may or may not be separable from one another.

This prospectus also relates to the offer and resale of up to an aggregate of 148,965,762 shares of our common stock held by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus in the section entitled “Selling Stockholders”. The selling stockholders may sell any, all or none of the securities offered by this prospectus, and we do not know when or in what amount the selling stockholders may sell their shares of common stock hereunder. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders All of the shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the selling stockholders for their own account.

This prospectus provides a general description of the securities we and the selling stockholders may offer and sell from time to time. Each time we offer and sell any of our securities under this prospectus, we will, to the extent required by law, provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of the offering. To the extent that any selling stockholder resells any securities, the selling stockholder may be required to makeprovide you with a prospectus supplement containing specific information about the selling stockholder and the terms of the offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information in respect thereof.

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In addition, wethis prospectus. For more information, see the section entitled “About this Prospectus.” This prospectus may enter into derivative transactions with third parties (including the writing of options),not be used to offer or sell our securities not coveredunless accompanied by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicablea prospectus supplement indicates,relating to the offered securities.

We or the selling stockholders may sell the securities to or through underwriters, dealers or agents or directly to purchasers or as otherwise described in connectionthe section entitled “Plan of Distribution.” Each prospectus supplement will set forth the names of any underwriters, dealers, agents or other entities involved in the sale of securities described in that prospectus supplement and any applicable fee, commission or discount arrangements with suchthem.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following is a transaction,summary of all material characteristics of our capital stock as set forth in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or our Charter, our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, or our Bylaws, and the third partiesAmended Certificate of Designations. The summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Charter, our Bylaws and the Amended Certificate of Designations, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to our public filings with the SEC. See the section entitled “Exhibit Index” for additional information.

Common Stock

General. We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. We are authorized to issue 300,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of November 2, 2020, there were 49,279,453 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.

Dividend Rights. Subject to preferences that may apply to any shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, the holders of outstanding shares of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available at the times and in the amounts that our board of directors may determine.

Voting Rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights.

No Preemptive or Similar Rights. Our common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights, and is not subject to redemption. There are no sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock.

Conversion. Our common stock is not convertible into any other shares of our capital stock.

Right to Receive Liquidation Distributions. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders would be distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock after payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of preferred stock and payment of claims of creditors.

Preferred Stock

Pursuant to the terms of our Charter, our board of directors is authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series, and to fix the designation, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions, in each case without further action by our stockholders.

On November 18, 2019, we filed the Certificate of Designations, Preferences, and Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and, on January 7, 2020, we filed the Amended Certificate of Designations with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, establishing the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications, restrictions and limitations relating to 350,000 shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share. Our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock rank senior to our common stock with respect to rights as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of Acacia. Holders of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have the right to vote with holders of our common stock on an as-converted basis on all matters.

Whenever preferred stock is to be offered and sold pursuant to this prospectus, we will file a prospectus supplement relating to that offer and sale which will specify (in each case to the extent applicable):

·the title and stated value of the preferred stock;

·the number of shares of the preferred stock offered and the offering price of the preferred stock;

·the liquidation preference per share;

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·the dividend rate, period and payment date, and method of calculation of dividends;

·whether dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

·any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange;

·the terms and conditions under which the preferred stock may be redeemable;

·the terms and conditions upon which the preferred stock will be convertible into any other securities, including shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, rights and/or units, and the applicable conversion price;

·voting rights of the preferred stock;

·preemption rights;

·the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;

·limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

·any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

The DGCL provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class on any proposed fundamental change in the rights of the preferred stock. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable prospectus supplement, sell securities coveredcertificate of designation.

All shares of preferred stock offered by this prospectus will, when issued, be fully paid and nonassessable and will not have any preemptive or similar rights.

Delaware Law and Certain Charter and Bylaw Provisions

The provisions of Delaware law, as well as certain terms of our Charter and Bylaws, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise, or removing incumbent officers and directors. These provisions, some of which are summarized below, are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and takeover bids that our board of directors may consider inadequate and to encourage any person seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.

Delaware Law. We are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. In general, Section 203 prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date such stockholder became an “interested stockholder.” A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales or other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did, prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, own, 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock.

Charter and Bylaw Provisions. Each of our Charter and Bylaws include a number of other provisions that may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying or preventing changes in control or our management, including the following:

·Issuance of Undesignated Preferred Stock. Our board of directors has the authority, subject to the rights of the holders of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, to issue an additional 9,650,000 shares of preferred stock with rights and preferences designated from time to time by our board of directors.
·Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations. Our Bylaws provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders.

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·Amendment. Our Charter provides that our Bylaws may only be amended by our board of directors or by the holders of 66 and 2/3 percent, or a super-majority, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, which makes it more difficult for our stockholders to amend or repeal our Bylaws.
·No Cumulative Voting. The DGCL provides that stockholders are denied the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless our Charter provides otherwise. Our Charter does not provide for cumulative voting.
·Size of Board and Vacancies. Our Charter and Bylaws provide that the exact number of directors on our board of directors is fixed exclusively by our board of directors. Newly created directorships resulting from any increase in our authorized number of directors, and any vacancies resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or other cause, will generally be filled by a majority of our board of directors then in office.
·Transfer Restrictions. Our Charter generally restricts any direct or indirect transfers of our common stock if the effect would be to (i) increase the direct or indirect ownership of our common stock by any person or group from less than 4.899% to 4.899% or more of our common stock; or (ii) increase the percentage of our common stock owned directly or indirectly by a person or group owning or deemed to own 4.899% or more of our common stock.

Registration Rights Agreement

Our Rights Agreement with Starboard Value and the applicable prospectus supplement. If so,Buyers provides that we will, among other things, prepare and file with the third party maySEC (i) the Initial Registration Statement covering the resale of the Underlying Shares, and (ii) subsequent registration statements covering the resale of Underlying Shares to the extent not included in previous registration statements. In addition, upon written notice to us by Starboard Value, or a Demand Notice, we will prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale of any Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Notes and/or Series B Warrants set forth in such Demand Notice.

At any time beginning on November 18, 2020, upon Starboard Value’s request, we will use securities borrowed from us our reasonable best efforts to cause the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Series B Warrants and/or othersthe Notes to settle such sales and may use securities received from us to close outbe, as requested by Starboard Value, listed for trading on The Nasdaq Global Select Market or any related short positions. We may also loan or pledge securities coveredother eligible market as selected by us.

The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part has been filed by us in satisfaction of our obligations under the Purchase Agreement and the applicable prospectus supplementRights Agreement to third parties, who may sellfile the loaned securities or, in an eventInitial Registration Statement. We intend to maintain the effectiveness of default in the caseregistration statement until the earlier of a pledge, sell(i) such time as the pledged securitiesshares offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus andhave been sold, or (iii) such time as such shares offered by the applicable prospectus supplement. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.

All securities we offer, other than common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.
Underwriters may engage in stabilizing and syndicate covering transactions in accordance with Rule 104 under the Exchange Act. Rule 104 permits stabilizing bids to purchase the securities being offered as long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Underwriters may over-allot the offered securities in connection with the offering, thus creating a short position in their account. Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the offered securities by underwriters in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. Underwriters may also cover an over-allotment or short position by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. Stabilizing and syndicate covering transactions may cause the price of the offered securities to be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. These transactions, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Any underwriters who are qualified market makers on The NASDAQ Global Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the securities on The NASDAQ Global Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded.
In compliance with guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, the maximum consideration or discount to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker dealer may not exceed 8% of the aggregate amount of the securities offeredselling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus can be freely resold without restriction or limitation under Rule 144 and without the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) or otherwise under applicable securities laws.

We have certain customary obligations under the Rights Agreement to indemnify for losses incurred by the initial selling stockholder in connection with any applicableuntrue statements of material fact or material omissions in the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement.is a part and for certain violations of securities and other similar laws.

Governance Agreement

Board Appointments and Related Agreements. On November 18, 2019, pursuant to our Governance Agreement with Starboard, we (i) increased the size of our Board of Directors from six to seven members, (ii) appointed Jonathan Sagal as the Starboard Appointee, (iii) granted Starboard the right to recommend two Additional Appointees, (iv) formed the Strategic Committee, which was tasked with, among other things, sourcing and performing due diligence on potential acquisition targets and intellectual property or other investment opportunities, with the goal of finding one or more Approved Investments, (v) appointed Clifford Press, Alfred V. Tobia, Jr. and Jonathan Sagal to the Strategic Committee, with Clifford Press serving as its Chairman, and (vi) appointed Jonathan Sagal to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors.

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The underwriters, dealersGovernance Agreement provides that during the period beginning on November 18, 2019 and agentsending on the earlier of (i) fifteen (15) days prior to the deadline for the submission of stockholder nominations for our 2020 annual meeting of stockholders pursuant to our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, or (ii) April 6, 2020 (such period, as may engagebe extended by Starboard under certain circumstances, the Governance Period), the Board will remain at no more than seven directors, provided that the Board may be increased during the period to (a) accommodate the appointment of the Additional Appointees, (b) upon Starboard’s written consent, or (c) if our stockholders take actions to increase the size of the Board.

During the Governance Period, one or more Starboard partners or senior employees, or the Starboard Observers, will have the right to attend and participate in meetings of the Strategic Committee and will receive copies of all documents distributed to the Strategic Committee. The Starboard Observers may attend and participate, but not vote, at all meetings of the Strategic Committee during the Governance Period.

If there is a vacancy on the Board during the Governance Period as a result of any of the Starboard Appointee or the Additional Appointees no longer serving on the Board for any reason, then Starboard will be entitled to designate a replacement thereof, or a Replacement Director; provided that at such time certain criteria set forth in the Governance Agreement are satisfied, including that Starboard beneficially own, in the aggregate, at least 4.0% of our then-outstanding common stock (on an as-converted basis, if applicable).

Governance Provisions. The Governance Agreement provides that during the Governance Period, Starboard has agreed not to take certain actions with respect to us, including but not limited to (i) engaging in any solicitation of proxies or consents with respect to our securities, (ii) forming or joining a “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), with respect to our capital stock, (iii), depositing any of our securities in any voting trust, (iv) seeking or submitting nominations in furtherance of a contested solicitation for the appointment, election or removal of our directors, (v) making any proposal for consideration by stockholders at any annual or special meeting of stockholders or through any action by written consent, or taking certain actions with respect to any merger, takeover, tender offer, acquisition, recapitalization, restructuring, disposition or other transactionsbusiness combination involving us, (vi) seeking representation on the Board or removal of any member of the Board, except as permitted in the Governance Agreement, (vii) advising, encouraging, supporting or influencing any person or entity with respect to the voting or disposition of our securities at any annual or special meeting of stockholders or in connection with any consent solicitation with respect to the appointment, election or removal of directors, except as permitted in the Governance Agreement, or (viii) making any request or submitting any proposal to amend the terms of the Governance Agreement other than through non-public communications with us or perform other servicesthe Board that would not be reasonably determined to trigger public disclosure obligations for us or for Starboard.

Tax Benefits Preservation Plan

Under the terms of our Tax Benefits Preservation Plan, in general, if a person or group acquires beneficial ownership of 4.9% or more of the ordinary courseoutstanding shares of their business. Weour common stock without prior approval of our board of directors or without meeting certain exceptions, the rights would become exercisable and our stockholders (other than the acquiring person) will describehave the right to purchase securities from us at a discount to such relationshipssecurities’ fair market value, thus causing substantial dilution to the acquiring person. As a result, the Tax Benefits Preservation Plan may have the effect of inhibiting or impeding a change in control not approved by our board of directors.

Nasdaq Global Select Market

Our common stock is listed on NASDAQ and traded under the prospectus supplement namingsymbol “ACTG.” On November 6, 2020, the underwriterlast reported sale price for our common stock on NASDAQ was $3.59 per share.

Transfer Agent and the natureRegistrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our shares of any such relationship.common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements and free writing prospectuses, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that weDEBT SECURITIES

We may offer under this prospectus, which consist of warrantsand sell, from time to purchase common stock. Warrantstime, in one or more series, debt securities that may be issued independently, together with any otheras senior or subordinated convertible debt securities, offered by any prospectus supplement or through a dividendas senior or other distribution to our stockholders and may be attached to or separate from the relatedsubordinated non-convertible debt securities. The following sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the warrants that may be offered under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrantsdebt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrantsdebt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus.supplement. The terms of any warrantsdebt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. However, no prospectus supplement will fundamentally changeUnless the termscontext requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we are also referring to any supplemental indentures that are set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus atspecify the time of its effectiveness.

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Warrants may be issued under a warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrantsterms of a particular series andof debt securities.

We will not assume any obligationissue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the indenture. The indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants. The applicable warrant agreement andthe Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of warrant certificate will be filedindenture as exhibitsan exhibit to or incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Furtherpart, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the warrantsdebt securities being offered and sold will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and/or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the debt securities and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable warrantto a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the debt securities that we may offer and sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.

General

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. The terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations, financial condition or transactions.

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount to their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with “original issue discount,” or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

Whenever debt securities are to be issued and sold pursuant to this prospectus, we will file a prospectus supplement relating to that offer and sale which will specify (in each case to the extent applicable):

·the title of the series of debt securities;
·any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;
·the maturity date or dates;
·the form of the debt securities of the series;
·the applicability of any guarantees;
·whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;
·whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

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·if the price at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;
·the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;
·our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
·if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;
·the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;
·the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities;
·any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of the debt securities of that series;
·whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;
·if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series, and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;
·if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;
·additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;
·additions to or changes in the events of default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;
·additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;
·additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;
·additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;

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·the currency of payment of the debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;
·whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;
·the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest premium, if any, and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;
·any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and
·any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, our preferred stock or our other debt securities. We will include provisions as to settlement upon conversion or exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock, our preferred stock or our other debt securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets.

Events of Default under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

·if we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series of debt securities, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;
·if we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on any series of debt securities as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;
·if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such is a notice of default thereunder, from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and
·if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

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If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indenture, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity; provided that if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee shall be required to exercise with respect to debt securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested in the trustee by the applicable indenture and to use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

·the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and
·subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.
·A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:
·the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;
·the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred by the trustee in compliance with the request; and
·the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:

·to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;
·to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;
·to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;

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·to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;
·to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;
·to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;
·to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or
·to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

·extending the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any series;
·reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or
·reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

Discharge

The indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, other than certain specified obligations, which include obligations to:

·provide for payment;
·register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;
·replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;
·pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;
·maintain paying agencies;
·hold monies for payment in trust;
·recover excess money held by the trustee;
·compensate and indemnify the trustee; and
·appoint any successor trustee.

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In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, or another depositary named by us and identified in the applicable prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a series are issued in global form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating to any book entry securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

·issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or
·register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

Information Concerning the Trustee

The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable free writing prospectus.indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indenture at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

Payment and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

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We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

Governing Law

The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is applicable.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

We may offer and sell, from time to time, warrants to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and/or units. If we issue warrants, they will be evidenced by warrant agreements or warrant certificates issued under one or more warrant agreements, which will be contracts between us and the holders of the warrants or an agent for the holders of the warrants. The forms of warrant agreements or warrant certificates, as applicable, relating to the warrants will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and/or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the warrants and warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the warrant agreements and warrant certificates applicable to a particular series of warrants. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement, and any applicable free writing prospectus related to the particular series of warrants that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants.

The applicableany warrants we may issue.

Whenever warrants are to be issued and sold pursuant to this prospectus, we will file a prospectus supplement relating to that offer and sale which will describe the terms of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, where applicable, the following:

specify (in each case as applicable):

Ÿ·the title of the warrants;
Ÿthe aggregate number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants, offered;
Ÿand the price or prices at which the warrants willsuch shares may be issued;purchased upon such exercise;
Ÿ
·the designation, numberstated value and other terms of the sharesany series of our commonpreferred stock purchasable upon exercise of thesuch warrants;
Ÿ
·the designationdebt securities purchasable upon the exercise of warrants, and the price at which such debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;
·the principal amount, seniority and other terms of the otherany debt securities if any, with which the warrants are issued and purchasable upon exercise of such warrants;
·the number of units, and the securities comprising such units, purchasable upon the exercise of warrants, issued with each security;and the price at which such units may be purchased upon such exercise;
Ÿ
·the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and/or other securities, if any,units will be separately transferable;
Ÿ
·the price at which each shareterms of common stock purchasable upon exercise ofany rights to redeem or call the warrants may be purchased;warrants;
Ÿ
·the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which thatthe right will expire;
Ÿthe minimum or maximum amount of the warrants which may be exercised at any one time;
Ÿinformation with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
Ÿa discussion of federal income tax considerations; and
Ÿ
·any otheradditional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the transferability,exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants.

Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, the principal amount of debt securities, or the number of units, at the exercise price set forth in (or calculable as set forth in) the applicable prospectus supplement and warrant agreement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement and warrant agreement.

A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new warrant certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer, and exercise them as indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement and warrant agreement. Until any warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock are exercised, the holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock or preferred stock, including any voting rights or any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the common stock or preferred stock, if any. Until any warrants to purchase debt securities are exercised, the holder of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise, including any rights to receive payments of principal, premium or interest on the underlying debt securities or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture. Until any warrants to purchase units are exercised, the holder of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the units, or the securities comprising such units, that can be purchased upon exercise.

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DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS

We may issue, from time to time, rights to our stockholders to purchase shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units.  If we issue rights, they will be issued under a separate rights agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as rights agent. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the certificates relating to the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.  The forms of rights agreement and rights certificate, as applicable, relating to the rights will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and/or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the rights agreements and rights certificates are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the rights agreements and rights certificates applicable to a particular issuance of rights. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement, as well as the complete rights agreements and rights certificates that contain the terms of any rights we may issue.

Whenever rights are to be issued pursuant to this prospectus, we will file a prospectus supplement relating to that issuance which will specify (in each case as applicable):

·the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to the rights distribution;
·the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of rights, and the price at which such number of shares may be purchased upon such exercise;
·the designation, stated value and other terms of any series of preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of such rights;
·the debt securities purchasable upon the exercise of rights, and the price at which such debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;
·the principal amount, seniority and other terms of the debt securities purchasable upon exercise of rights;
·the number of warrants, and the securities underlying such warrants, purchasable upon the exercise of rights, and the price at which such number of warrants may be purchased upon such exercise;
·the number of units, and the securities comprising such units, purchasable upon the exercise of such rights, and the price at which such number of units may be purchased upon such exercise;
·the aggregate number of rights being issued;
·the date, if any, on and after which the rights and the related common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units will be separately transferable;
·the date on which the right to exercise such rights shall commence, and the date on which such right shall expire; and
·any other terms of such rights, including procedures and limitations relating to the distribution, exchange and exercise of the warrants.such rights.

Each rights certificate will entitle its holder to purchase the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, the principal amount of debt securities, the number of warrants and/or the number of units, at the exercise price set forth in (or calculable as set forth in) the applicable prospectus supplement and rights agreement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the rights may exercise the rights at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement and rights agreement.

Until any rights to purchase common stock or preferred stock are exercised, the holders of the rights will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock or preferred stock, including any voting rights or any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the common stock or preferred stock, if any. Until any rights to purchase debt securities are exercised, the holder of the rights will not have any rights of holders of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise, including any rights to receive payments of principal, premium or interest on the underlying debt securities or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture. Until any rights to acquire warrants are exercised, the holder of the rights will not have any rights of holders of the warrants, including any rights to exercise the warrants and receive the underlying securities. Until any rights to purchase units are exercised, the holder of the rights will not have any rights of holders of the units, or the securities comprising such units, that can be purchased upon exercise.

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

We may offer and sell, from time to time, units comprised of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. If we issue units, they will be evidenced by unit agreements or unit certificates issued under one or more unit agreements, which will be contracts between us and the holders of the units or an agent for the holders of the units. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date. The forms of unit agreements or unit certificates, as applicable, relating to the units will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part of and/or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the units and unit agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the unit agreements and unit certificates applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement, as well as the complete unit agreements and unit certificates that contain the terms of any units we may issue.

Whenever units are to be issued and sold pursuant to this prospectus, we will file a prospectus supplement relating to that offer and sale which will specify (in each case as applicable):

·the title of the series of units;
·identification and description of the separate securities comprising the units;
·the price or prices at which the units will be sold;
·the date, if any, on and after which the units, and the securities comprising such units, will be separately transferable; and
·any other terms of such units, and the securities comprising such units, including procedures and limitations relating to distribution and exchange of such units.

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LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters, including the validity of the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus, will be passed upon for us by Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C., Newport Beach, California. If the validity of any securities is also passed upon by counsel for the underwriters of an offering of those securities, that counsel will be named in the prospectus supplement relating to that offering.

EXPERTS

The audited consolidated financial statements of Acacia Research Corporation and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated by reference in this prospectus by reference toand elsewhere in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008registration statement have been so incorporated by reference in reliance onupon the reports of Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given onaccountants, upon the authority of said firm as experts in auditingaccounting and accounting.auditing.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The financial statementsSEC allows us to “incorporate” into this prospectus information that we file with the SEC in other documents. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to other documents that contain that information. Any information that we incorporate by reference into this prospectus is considered part of Acacia Research Corporation incorporatedthis prospectus.

Information contained in this prospectus and information that we file with the SEC in the future and incorporate by reference in this prospectus automatically modifies and supersedes previously filed information, including information in previously filed documents or reports that have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus, to the Annual Reportextent the new information differs from or is inconsistent with the previously filed information. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. For more information, see the section entitled “About this Prospectus.”

We incorporate by reference, as of their respective dates of filing, the documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC and any future documents that we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including any documents filed after the date on Form 10-K forwhich the year ended December 31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance onregistration statement of which this prospectus is a part is initially filed until the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

LEGAL MATTERS
The validityoffering of the securities offered herebycovered by this prospectus has been completed, other than, in each case, documents or information deemed to have been “furnished” and not “filed” in accordance with SEC rules:

·our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, or the Annual Report, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020;
·our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2020, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 10, 2020, and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2020;
·the information specifically incorporated by reference into the Annual Report from our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 10, 2020;
·our Current Reports on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on each of January 13, 2020, February 21, 2020, March 3, 2020, March 12, 2020, May 18, 2020, June 4, 2020, June 10, 2020, June 25, 2020, July 7, 2020, July 20, 2020, August 3, 2020 and October 20, 2020; and
·the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on December 19, 2002, as amended by Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2008, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

Each of these filings is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner to whom this prospectus is delivered, a copy of any document that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You may obtain a copy of these documents, at no cost, from our website (www.acaciaresearch.com) or by contacting us using the following information:

Jennifer Graff

Secretary

Acacia Research Corporation

4 Park Plaza, Suite 550

Irvine, California 92614

Exhibits to the documents will not be passed uponsent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, in any accompanying prospectus supplement, or in any document incorporated by reference herein or therein. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any different information. We take no responsibility for, usand can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may provide to you. The information contained in this prospectus, in any applicable prospectus supplement, and in the documents incorporated by Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, a Professional Corporation.reference herein or therein, is accurate only as of the date such information is presented. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and future prospects may have changed since those respective dates.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements andas well as other information, with the SEC. We have filedOur filings with the SEC a registration statementare available on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities we are offering under this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. You may read and copy the registration statement, as well as our reports, proxy statements and other information, at the SEC’s Public Reference Roomwebsite at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains an internet site thatwww.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, where our SEC filings are also available. The address of the SEC’s web siteelectronically.

This prospectus is “http://www.sec.gov.” We maintain a website at www.acaciares.com. Information contained in or accessible through our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with it into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus. Information in this prospectus supersedes information incorporated by referencea registration statement that we filed with the SEC. As permitted by SEC prior to the date ofrules, this prospectus while informationand any accompanying prospectus supplement that we may file, later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus. We incorporate by reference into this registration statement and prospectus the documents listed below, and any future filings we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of the initial registration statement but prior to effectivenesswhich form a part of the registration statement, and after the date of this prospectus but prior to the termination of the offering of the securities covered by this prospectus (other than current reports or portions thereof furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K):
1.our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on February 26, 2009;
2.our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 5, 2009 and February 19, 2009; and
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3.the description of our common stock contained in the Registration Statement on Form 8-A as filed with the SEC on December 19, 2002, including any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.
We will provide each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, a copy of any ordo not contain all of the information that has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus, including exhibits that are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. We will provide this information upon written or oral request at no charge to the requester. The request for this information must be made to the following:
Acacia Research Corporation
Attention:  Investor Relations
500 Newport Center Drive, 7th Floor
Newport Beach, California 92660
Telephone:  (949) 480-8300
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR
SECURITIES ACT LIABILITY
Our officers and directors are required to exercise good faith and high integrityis included in the management of our affairs. Our charter documents provide, however, that our officersregistration statement. The registration statement contains more information regarding us, the selling stockholders, and directors shall have no liability for losses or liabilities incurred, except as such losses or liabilities relate tothe securities offered by us and the selling stockholders, including certain exhibits. You can obtain a violationcopy of the duty of loyalty, a breach of good faith, intentional misconduct or knowing violation of law, approval of an improper dividend or stock repurchase or receipt of an improper benefit, in accordance with Delaware law, and they may be indemnified by us toregistration statement from the maximum extent permitted bySEC at the Delaware General Corporation law.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
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website referenced above.

YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. WE HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE YOU WITH INFORMATION DIFFERENT FROM THAT CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. WE ARE OFFERING TO SELL, AND SEEKING OFFERS TO BUY, SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK ONLY IN JURISDICTIONS WHERE OFFERS AND SALES ARE PERMITTED. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE ONLY AS OF THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS, REGARDLESS OF THE TIME OF DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR OF ANY SALE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

$55,786,321
ACACIA RESEARCH CORPORATION
acacia logo
Common Stock
Warrants
TABLE OF CONTENTS
  Page
About this Prospectus 6
Prospectus Summary  7
Risk Factors  12
Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Information  23____________
Use of Proceeds  23
Plan of Distribution  23PROSPECTUS
Description of Warrants  25
Experts  27____________
Legal Matters  27
Where You Can Find More Information  27Acacia Research Corporation
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference  27
Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liability28
____________
____________
 

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PART II


INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses Ofof Issuance And Distribution

and Distribution.

The following table sets forth an itemization of the various costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by the registrantus in connection with the offeringissuance and distribution of ourthe securities being registered. Exceptregistered hereunder. All of the amounts shown are estimated except for the SEC registration fee, all the amounts shown are estimates.

  Amount to be paid 
SEC registration fee $2,192 
Printing expenses $10,000 
Legal fees and expenses $17,500 
Miscellaneous $ 5,000 
Total $34,692 
fee.

SEC registration fee$63,079.45 
FINRA filing fees$* 
Legal fees and expenses$* 
Accounting fees and expenses$* 
Miscellaneous$* 
Total expenses$* 
  
*These fees and expenses depend on the securities offered and the number of issuances, and accordingly cannot be estimated at this time

Item 15. Indemnification Ofof Directors And Officers

and Officers.

We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with specified actions, suitsany persons who are, or proceedings,are threatened to be made, parties to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of such corporation), by reason of the fact that such person was an officer, director, employee or agent of such corporation, - a derivative action)or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as an officer, director, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), if theyjudgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, provided that such person acted in good faith and in a manner theyhe or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceedings,proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe theirthat his or her conduct was unlawful.

A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification only extends to expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. The statute provides that it is not exclusive of other indemnification that may be granted by a corporation's certificate of incorporation, bylaws, disinterested director vote, stockholder vote, agreement or otherwise.
As permitted byillegal. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, Article VIIDGCL further authorizes a corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of our restatedany indemnified person against any liability asserted against and incurred by such person in any indemnified capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, regardless of whether the corporation would otherwise have the power to indemnify such person under the DGCL.

Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation as amended, provides:

“No personthat a director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporationcorporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary dutyduties as a director, including without limitationexcept for serving on a committee of the Board of Directors, exceptliability for any:

·breach of a director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders;
·act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
·unlawful payment of dividends or redemption of shares; or
·transaction from which the director derives an improper personal benefit.

Our Charter authorizes us to, the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or hereafter may be amended. If the DGCL is amended after the date of the filing of this Certificate of Incorporation to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability ofand our Bylaws provide that we must, indemnify our directors then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limitedand officers to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL and also pay expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition upon delivery of an undertaking, by or on behalf of an indemnified person, to repay all amounts so advanced if it should be determined ultimately that such person is not entitled to be indemnified under this section or otherwise.

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As permitted by the DGCL, as so amended. Any amendment, repeal or modificationwe have entered into indemnification agreements with each of this Article VII shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing hereunder with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, repeal or modification.”

We have purchased insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of our company, or is or was serving at the request of our company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not our company would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation, as amended.
Any underwriting agreements that we may enter into will likely provide for the indemnification of us, our controlling persons, our directors and certain of our officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liabilities that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.

We have an insurance policy covering our officers by the underwriters againstand directors with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act or otherwise.

Any underwriting agreement or similar agreement that we enter into in connection with an offer of securities pursuant to this registration statement may provide for indemnification by any underwriters of us, our directors, our officers who sign the registration statement and our controlling persons for some liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

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Item 16.  Exhibits

Exhibit
Number
Description
1.1Form of Underwriting Agreement, if any (1)
4.1Form of Warrant Agreement (1)
5.1Opinion of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, a Professional Corporation
23.1Consent of Grant Thornton LLP
23.2Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.3Consent of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, a Professional Corporation (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereto)
24.1Power of Attorney (included on signature page hereto)

(1)To be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibits.

See the section entitled “Exhibit Index” that appears immediately preceding the signature page to this registration statement.

Item 17.  Undertakings.

a.

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

   1.

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:


(i)to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii)to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;
(iii)to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement;

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act");

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement;

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement; provided, however,, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") that are incorporated by reference in this registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of thethis registration statement;

2.statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and

3.thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

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4.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:


(i)each

(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in this registration statement; and

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(ii)
each

(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in this registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into this registration statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in this registration statement or prospectus that was part of this registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

5. That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities,securities: the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i)any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
(ii)any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
(iii)the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
(iv)any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to sectionSection 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’splan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in thethis registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c)    The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to deliver or cause to be delivered with the prospectus, to each person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the latest annual report, to security holders that is incorporated by reference in the prospectus and furnished pursuant to and meeting the requirements of Rule 14a-3 or Rule 14c-3 under the Exchange Act; and, where interim financial information required to be presented by Article 3 of Regulation S-X are not set forth in the prospectus, to deliver, or cause to be delivered to each person to whom the prospectus is sent or given, the latest quarterly report that is specifically incorporated by reference in the prospectus to provide such interim financial information.

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(d) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(e)

(d) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

(1)    For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2)    Forfile an application for the purpose of determining any liabilitythe eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of section 310 of the SecuritiesTrust Indenture Act each post-effective amendment that contains a form(“Act”) in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC under section 305(b)(2) of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.Act.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.Description
1.1Form of Underwriting Agreement*
4.1Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Acacia Research Corporation (as currently in effect) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the registrant’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020  (File No. 001-37721))
4.2Amended and Restated Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on January 7, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on January 17, 2020 (File No. 001-37721)
4.3Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Acacia Research Corporation (as currently in effect) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 10, 2020 (File No. 001-37721))
4.4Form of Certificate of Designation of Preferred Stock*
4.5Form of Indenture±
4.6Form of Warrant Agreement (including form of warrant)*
4.7Form of Rights Agreement (including form of rights certificate)*
4.8Form of Unit Agreement (including form of unit certificate)*
5.1Opinion of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C
23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm±
23.2Consent of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, P.C. (included in Exhibit 5.1)±
24.1Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this registration statement)±
25.1Statement of Eligibility of Trustee**

±Filed herewith.

*To be filed by amendment to this registration statement, or as an exhibit to a document to be incorporated by reference into this registration statement, in each case in connection with a particular offering of the securities.

**To be filed separately under electronic form type 305B2 under Rule 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that itthe registrant meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this amended registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach,Irvine, in the State of California, on the 27th day of February, 2009.

November 9, 2020.

 

ACACIA RESEARCH CORPORATION

By:  

/s/ Paul R. Ryan
Paul R. Ryan,Clifford Press

        Clifford Press

        Chief Executive Officer & Chairman

and Director 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS that each personindividual whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Paul R. RyanClifford Press and Clayton J. Haynes,Richard Rosenstein, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents with full power of substitution, and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments, (includingincluding post-effective amendments)amendments, to this registration statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act, and all post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and otherall documents in connection therewith, making such changes in this registration statement as such attorneys-in-fact and agents so acting deem appropriate, with the Securities and Exchange Commission,SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith,with respect to the offering of securities contemplated by this registration statement, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his, her or their substitute or his substitutes, or substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

DateName SignatureTitle TitleDate
     
February 27, 2009/s/ Paul R. RyanClifford Press Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
and Director Paul R. RyanNovember 9, 2020
Clifford Press and Chairman of the Board of Directors
February 27, 2009
/s/ Clayton J. HaynesChief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer
Clayton J. Haynesand (Principal AccountingExecutive Officer)
February 27, 2009
/s/ Robert L. HarrisPresident and Director
Robert L. Harris  
     
February 27, 2009
/s/ Richard Rosenstein
 /s/ William S. AndersonChief Financial Officer DirectorNovember 9, 2020
Richard Rosenstein William S. Anderson(Principal Financial Officer)  
     
February 27, 2009
/s/ Li Yu
 /s/ Fred A. deBoomCorporate Controller DirectorNovember 9, 2020
Li Yu Fred A. deBoom(Principal Accounting Officer)  
     
February 27, 2009
/s/ Alfred V. Tobia, Jr.
 /s/ Edward W. FrykmanPresident, Chief Investment Officer and Director DirectorNovember 9, 2020
Alfred V. Tobia, Jr.  Edward W. Frykman  
     
February 27, 2009
/s/ G. Louis Graziadio, IIIMaureen O’Connell Director and ChairmanNovember 9, 2020
Maureen O’Connell
  G. Louis Graziadio, III
/s/ Katharine WolanykDirectorNovember 9, 2020
Katharine Wolanyk
/s/ Isaac T. KohbergDirectorNovember 9, 2020
Isaac T. Kohberg
/s/ Jonathan SagalDirectorNovember 9, 2020
Jonathan Sagal  
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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number
Description
 
1.1II-5Form of Underwriting Agreement, if any (1)
4.1Form of Warrant Agreement (1)
5.1Opinion of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, a Professional Corporation
23.1Consent of Grant Thornton LLP
23.2Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.3Consent of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth, a Professional Corporation (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereto)
24.1Power of Attorney (included on signature page hereto)

(1)To be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference.
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