-As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 9, 2021-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number: 1-14728
LATAM Airlines Group S.A.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
LATAM Airlines Group S.A. | Republic of Chile | |
(Translation of registrant’s name into English) | (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
Presidente Riesco 5711, 20th Floor
Las Condes
Santiago, Chile
(Address of principal executive offices)
Andrés del Valle
Tel.: 56-2-2565-2525 ● E-mail: InvestorRelations@latam.com
Presidente Riesco 5711, 20th Floor
Las Condes
Santiago, Chile
(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of each class: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | |
American Depositary Shares (as evidenced by American Depositary Receipts), each representing one share of Common Stock, without par value | Over The Counter (OTC) Markets |
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: 606,407,693.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated filer ☒ | Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-Accelerated filer ☐ | |||
Emerging Growth Company ☐ |
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP ☐ | International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☒ | Other ☐ |
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:
Item 17 ☐ Item 18 ☐
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
EXPLANATORY NOTE
COVID-19 Pandemic
In December 2019, cases of a novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) were first reported in Wuhan, China, and the virus spread globally. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) declared COVID-19 a pandemic and, that same month, governments around the world, including those of the United States, Chile and most Latin American countries, declared states of emergency in their respective jurisdictions and implemented measures to halt the spread of the virus, including enhanced screenings, quarantine requirements and severe travel restrictions.
On March 2, 2020, LATAM Airlines Brazil cancelled the first flights, from Sao Paulo to Milan, as a result of the pandemic, and in April the group had reduced its operations to a mere 5.7% of the capacity (measured in ASKs) as compared to the same month of the prior year.
The pandemic has led to government-imposed travel restrictions (both domestic and international), flight cancellations, and a dramatic decline in worldwide air travel, including a 95% reduction in the group’s passenger service, which comprises the vast majority of LATAM’s operating revenues.
In response to the pandemic, the Company has implemented numerous changes to its operations related to health safety, as well as modifications to commercial policies and customer relations. For more information regarding these changes and the economic impact of the pandemic on our operations, see “Item 4. Information of the Company—B. Business Overview—Passenger Operations—Passenger Marketing and Sales” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Airline Industry and the Countries in Which the Group Operates—A pandemic or the widespread outbreak of contagious illnesses can have a material adverse effect on the business and results of operations of the group.”
Chapter 11 Proceedings
On May 26, 2020 (the “Initial Petition Date”), LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and 28 affiliates (collectively, the “Initial Debtors”) filed their petitions for relief under Chapter 11 (“Chapter 11”) of title 11 of the United States Code, 11 U.S.C. §§ 101-1532, (as amended, the “Bankruptcy Code”), with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”). On July 7, 2020 and July 9, 2020 (as applicable, the “Subsequent Petition Date”), nine additional affiliates of LATAM Parent (the “Subsequent Debtors” and together with the Initial Debtors, the “Debtors”) filed their petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Bankruptcy Court. We refer to these proceedings in this annual report as our “Chapter 11 proceedings.” The information in this annual report is presented as of December 31, 2020, unless expressly stated otherwise, and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by our Chapter 11 proceedings and developments related thereto. Parallel and ancillary proceedings were filed in the Cayman Islands, Chile and Colombia. On May 27, 2020, the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands granted the applications of certain of the Debtors for the appointment of provisional liquidators pursuant to section 104(3) of the Companies Law (2020 Revision). On June 4, 2020, the 2nd Civil Court of Santiago, Chile issued an order recognizing the Chapter 11 proceeding with respect to the LATAM Airlines Group S.A., Lan Cargo S.A., Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A., Latam Travel Chile II S.A., Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A., Transporte Aéreo S.A., Inversiones Lan S.A., Lan Pax Group S.A. and Technical Training LATAM S.A. In addition, on June 12, 2020, the Superintendence of Companies of Colombia granted recognition to the Chapter 11 proceedings.
As a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings, the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) applied to the SEC on June 10, 2020 in order to delist our American Depositary Shares (ADSs). The delisting became effective on June 22, 2020. Our ADSs continue to trade in the over-the-counter market under the ticker “LTMAQ.”
For more information regarding the Chapter 11 filings and proceedings, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Chapter 11 Proceedings” and “Item 4. Information on the Company – B. Business Overview – Chapter 11 Proceedings.”
ii
Throughout this annual report on Form 20-F, we make numerous references to “LATAM.” Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “LATAM Airlines Group” are to LATAM Airlines Group S.A., the unconsolidated operating entity, and references to “LATAM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” the “group” or the “Company” are to LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and its consolidated affiliates including: Transporte Aéreo S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Chile”), LATAM Airlines Perú S.A. (f/k/a LAN Perú S.A, “LATAM Airlines Peru”), LATAM-Airlines Ecuador S.A. (f/k/a Aerolane, Líneas Aéreas Nacionales del Ecuador S.A., “LATAM Airlines Ecuador”), LAN Argentina S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Argentina,” previously Aero 2000 S.A.), Aerovías de Integración Regional S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Colombia”), TAM S.A. (“TAM”), TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Brazil”), LAN Cargo S.A. (“LATAM Cargo”) and its two regional affiliates: Linea Aerea Carguera de Colombia S.A. (“LANCO” or “LATAM Cargo Colombia”) in Colombia and Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A. (“ABSA” or LATAM Cargo Brazil”) in Brazil. Other references to “LATAM”, as the context requires, are to the LATAM brand which was launched in 2016 and brings together, under one internationally recognized name, all of the affiliate brands such as LATAM Airlines Chile, LATAM Airlines Peru, LATAM Airlines Argentina, LATAM Airlines Colombia, LATAM Airlines Ecuador and LATAM Airlines Brazil.
LATAM Airlines Argentina continues to be a consolidated affiliate, however, on June 17, 2020, it announced the indefinite cessation of its passenger and cargo operations.
References to “LAN” are to LAN Airlines S.A., currently known as LATAM Airlines Group S.A., and its consolidated affiliates, in connection with circumstances and facts occurring prior to the completion date of the combination between LAN Airlines S.A. and TAM S.A. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—A. History and Development of the Company.”
In this annual report on Form 20-F, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “TAM” are to TAM S.A., and its consolidated affiliates, including TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. (“TLA”), which does business under the name “LATAM Airlines Brazil”, Fidelidade Viagens e Turismo Limited (“TAM Viagens”) and Transportes Aéreos Del Mercosur S.A. (“TAM Mercosur”).
LATAM Airlines Group and the majority of our affiliates maintain accounting records and prepare financial statements in U.S. dollars. Some of our affiliates, however, maintain their accounting records and prepare their financial statements in Chilean pesos, Argentinean pesos, Colombian pesos or Brazilian real. In particular, TAM maintains its accounting records and prepares its financial statements in Brazilian real. Our audited consolidated financial statements include the results of these affiliates translated into U.S. dollars. The International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), require assets and liabilities to be translated at period-end exchange rates, while revenue and expense accounts are translated at each transaction date, although a monthly rate may also be used if exchange rates do not vary widely.
In this annual report on Form 20-F, all references to “Chile” are references to the Republic of Chile. This annual report contains conversions of certain Chilean peso and Brazilian real amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. These conversions should not be construed as representations that the Chilean peso and the Brazilian real amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless we specify otherwise, all references to “$”, “US$,” “U.S. dollars” or “dollars” are to United States dollars, references to “pesos,” “Chilean pesos” or “Ch$” are to Chilean pesos. References to “real,” “Brazilian real” or “R$” are to Brazilian real, and references to “UF” are to Unidades de Fomento, a daily indexed Chilean peso-denominated monetary unit that takes into account the effect of the Chilean inflation rate. Unless we indicate otherwise, the U.S. dollar equivalent for information in Chilean pesos used in this annual report and in our audited consolidated financial statements is based on the “dólar observado” or “observed” exchange rate published by Banco Central de Chile (the “Central Bank of Chile”) on December 31, 2020, which was Ch$711.24 = US$1.00. The observed exchange rate on February 26, 2021, was Ch$708.04 = US$1.00. Unless we indicate otherwise, the U.S. dollar equivalent for information in Brazilian real used in this annual report and in our audited consolidated financial statements is based on the average “bid and offer rate” published by Banco Central do Brasil (the “Central Bank of Brazil”) on December 31, 2020, which was R$5.17 = US$1.00. The observed exchange rate on February 26, 2021, was R$5.53 = US$1.00. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Chilean pesos or Brazilian real.
LATAM has a single series of shares of Common Stock, without par value, listed on Chilean Stock Exchange and American Depositary Shares (evidenced by American Depositary Receipts), each representing one share of Common Stock, that were listed on the New York Stock Exchange until June 22, 2020 and currently trade in the over-the-counter market.
We have rounded percentages and certain U.S. dollar, Chilean peso and Brazilian real amounts contained in this annual report for ease of presentation. Any discrepancies in any table between totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.
LATAM’s audited consolidated financial statements for the periods ended December 31, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 were prepared in accordance with IFRS.
This annual report contains certain terms that may be unfamiliar to some readers. You can find a glossary of these terms on page 5 of this annual report.
iii
This annual report contains forward-looking statements. Such statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe” or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are not statements of historical facts. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and, therefore, you should not place undue reliance on them. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. We caution you that a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. These factors include, but are not limited to:
● | developments relating to our Chapter 11 proceedings and our ability to effectively implement a reorganization plan; |
● | developments relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and measures to address it; |
● | the factors described in “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors”; |
● | our ability to service our debt and fund our working capital requirements; |
● | future demand for passenger and cargo air services in Chile, Brazil, other countries in Latin America and the rest of the world; |
● | the determination of relationships with customers; |
● | the state of the Chilean, Brazilian, other Latin American and world economies and their impact on the airline industry; |
● | the effects of competition in the airline industry; |
● | future terrorist incidents, cyberattacks or related activities affecting the airline industry; |
● | future outbreak of diseases, or the spread of already existing diseases, affecting travel behavior and/or exports; |
● | natural disasters affecting travel behavior and/or exports; |
● | the relative value of the Chilean peso and other Latin American currencies compared to other world currencies; |
● | inflation; |
● | competitive pressures on pricing; |
● | our capital expenditure plans; |
● | changes in labor costs, maintenance costs and insurance premiums; |
● | fluctuation of crude oil prices and its effect on fuel costs; |
● | cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in our operating results; |
● | defects or mechanical problems with our aircraft; |
● | our ability to successfully implement our growth strategy; |
● | increases in interest rates; and |
● | changes in regulations, including regulations related to access to routes in which the group operates and environmental regulations. |
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any of them, whether in light of new information, future events or otherwise. You should also read carefully the risk factors described in “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors.”
iv
The following terms, as used in this annual report, have the meanings set forth below.
Consolidated Affiliates of LATAM: | ||
“ABSA” or LATAM Cargo Brazil | Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A., incorporated in Brazil. | |
“LANCO” or LATAM Cargo Colombia | Línea Aérea Carguera de Colombia S.A., incorporated in Colombia. | |
“LATAM Airlines Argentina” | LAN Argentina S.A., incorporated in Argentina. | |
“LATAM Airlines Brazil” | TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A., incorporated in Chile. | |
“LATAM Airlines Chile” | Transporte Aéreo S.A., incorporated in Chile. | |
“LATAM Airlines Colombia” | Aerovías de Integración Regional S.A., incorporated in Colombia. | |
“LATAM Airlines Ecuador” | LATAM-Airlines Ecuador S.A. (f/k/a Aerolane, Líneas Aéreas Nacionales del Ecuador S.A.), incorporated in Ecuador. | |
“LATAM Airlines Peru” | LATAM Airlines Perú S.A. (f/k/a LAN Perú S.A.), incorporated in Perú. | |
“LATAM Cargo” | LAN Cargo S.A., incorporated in Chile. | |
“TAM” | TAM S.A., incorporated in Brazil. |
Capacity Measurements: | ||
“available seat kilometers” or “ASKs” | The sum, across our network, of the number of seats made available for sale on each flight multiplied by the kilometers flown by the respective flight. | |
“available ton kilometers” or “ATKs” | The sum, across our network, of the number of tons available for the transportation of revenue load (cargo) on each flight multiplied by the kilometers flown by the respective flight. |
Traffic Measurements: | ||
“revenue passenger kilometers” or “RPKs” | The sum, across our network, of the number of revenue passengers on each flight multiplied by the number of kilometers flown by the respective flight. | |
“revenue ton kilometers” or “RTKs” | The sum, across our network, of the load (cargo) in tons on each flight multiplied by the kilometers flown by the respective flight. | |
“traffic revenue” | Revenue from passenger and cargo operations. |
Yield Measurements: | ||
“cargo yield” | Revenue from cargo operations divided by RTKs. | |
“passenger yield” | Revenue from passenger operations divided by RPKs. |
v
Load Factors: | ||
“cargo load factor” | RTKs expressed as a percentage of ATKs. | |
“passenger load factor” | RPKs expressed as a percentage of ASKs. |
Other: | ||
“Airbus A320-Family Aircraft” | The Airbus A319, Airbus A320, and Airbus A321 models of aircraft, including both ceo and neo variants. | |
“m²” | Square meters. | |
“ton” | A metric ton, equivalent to 2,204.6 pounds. | |
“utilization rates” | The actual number of service hours per aircraft per operating day. | |
“operating expenses” | Operating expenses, which are calculated in accordance with IFRS, comprise the sum of the line items “cost of sales” plus “distribution costs” plus “administrative expenses” plus “other operating expenses,” as shown on our consolidated statement of comprehensive income. These operating expenses include: wages and benefits, fuel, depreciation and amortization, commissions to agents, aircraft rentals, other rental and landing fees, passenger services, aircraft maintenance and other operating expenses. | |
“MiSchDynamicDT” | Market Intelligence Schedule Dynamic Table. | |
“Diio Mi” | Data In Intelligence Out Market Intelligence. | |
“CO2” | Carbon Dioxide Gas |
vi
ITEM 1. | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. | KEY INFORMATION |
A. Selected Financial Data
LATAM’s Historical Financial Information
The summary consolidated annual financial information of LATAM as of December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 has been prepared in accordance with IFRS. In 2019, the Company adopted IFRS 16, Leases, retrospectively; restating the comparative figures as of December 31, 2018 and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, in accordance with the provisions of IAS 8, Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors. The selected Statement of Income Data for the years ended 2016 and 2015 and the selected Balance Sheet Data as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 have not been restated.
1
LATAM’s Annual Financial Information(5)(6)
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 (restated) | 2017 (restated) | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
(in US$ millions, except per share and capital stock data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
The Company Statement of Income Data (1)(2)(3): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger | 2,713.8 | 9,005.6 | 8,709.0 | 8,494.5 | 7,877.7 | |||||||||||||||
Cargo | 1,209.9 | 1,064.4 | 1,186.5 | 1,119.4 | 1,110.6 | |||||||||||||||
Total operating revenues | 3,923.7 | 10,070.1 | 9,895.5 | 9,613.9 | 8,988.3 | |||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (4,513.2 | ) | (7,951.3 | ) | (7,773.4 | ) | (7,279.4 | ) | (6,967.0 | ) | ||||||||||
Gross margin | (589.5 | ) | 2,118.8 | 2,122.1 | 2,334.5 | 2,021.3 | ||||||||||||||
Other operating income(4) | 411.0 | 360.9 | 472.8 | 549.9 | 538.7 | |||||||||||||||
Distribution costs | (294.3 | ) | (580.0 | ) | (615.2 | ) | (696.8 | ) | (747.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Administrative expenses | (499.5 | ) | (735.2 | ) | (736.3 | ) | (952.8 | ) | (873.0 | ) | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses | (692.9 | ) | (422.8 | ) | (356.3 | ) | (365.5 | ) | (373.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Restructuring activities expenses | (990.0 | ) | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | ||||||||||||||
Other gains/(losses) | (1,874.8 | ) | 11.5 | 53.5 | (7.8 | ) | (72.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Financial income | 50.4 | 26.3 | 53.3 | 78.7 | 74.9 | |||||||||||||||
Financial costs | (587.0 | ) | (589.9 | ) | (539.1 | ) | (579.2 | ) | (416.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Exchange rate differences | 48.4 | (32.6 | ) | (38.1 | ) | (48.5 | ) | 121.7 | ||||||||||||
Result of indexation units | 9.3 | (15.0 | ) | (0.9 | ) | 0.7 | 0.3 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (5,105.7 | ) | 141.9 | 415.7 | 313.4 | 273.9 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) tax expense/benefit | 550.2 | 53.7 | (73.9 | ) | (159.0 | ) | (163.2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net (loss) income for the period | (4,555.5 | ) | 195.7 | 341.8 | 154.2 | 110.7 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) attributable to the parent company’s equity holders | 4,545.9 | 190.4 | 309.8 | 108.9 | 69.2 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests | 9.6 | 5.2 | 32.0 | 45.5 | 41.5 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) for the year | (4,555.5 | ) | 195.6 | 341.8 | 154.4 | 110.7 | ||||||||||||||
Earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average number of Shares | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 546,559,599 | |||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 | 0.17958 | 0.12665 | ||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 | 0.17958 | 0.12665 |
2
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 (restated) | 2017 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | (in US$ millions, except per share and capital stock data) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash, and cash equivalents | 1,695.8 | 1,072.6 | 1,081.6 | 1,142.0 | 949.3 | |||||||||||||||
Other current assets in operation | 1,171.6 | 2,460.5 | 2,188.5 | 2,312.4 | 2,340.3 | |||||||||||||||
Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale | 276.1 | 485.2 | 5.8 | 291.1 | 337.2 | |||||||||||||||
Total current assets | 3,143.5 | 4,018.3 | 3,275.9 | 3,745.5 | 3,626.8 | |||||||||||||||
Property and equipment | 10,730.3 | 12,919.6 | 12,501.8 | 10,065.3 | 10,498.1 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets | 1,776.3 | 4,150.0 | 4,301.1 | 4,987.2 | 5,073.3 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-current assets | 12,506.6 | 17,069.6 | 16,802.9 | 15,052.5 | 15,571.4 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | 15,650.1 | 21,087.8 | 20,078.8 | 18,798.0 | 19,198.2 | |||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 7,491.9 | 6,960.9 | 5,932.2 | 5,842.7 | 6,222.2 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 10,600.6 | 10,997.7 | 10,705.9 | 8,688.0 | 8,790.7 | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 18,092.5 | 17,958.6 | 16,638.1 | 14,530.7 | 15,012.9 | |||||||||||||||
Issued capital | 3,146.3 | 3,146.3 | 3,146.3 | 3,146.3 | 3,149.6 | |||||||||||||||
Net equity attributable to the parent company’s equity holders | (2,435.7 | ) | 3,130.8 | 3,360.7 | 4,176.1 | 4,096.7 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest | (6.7 | ) | (1.6 | ) | 79.9 | 91.1 | 88.6 | |||||||||||||
Total net equity | (2,442.4 | ) | 3,129.2 | 3,440.6 | 4,267.2 | 4,185.3 | ||||||||||||||
Shares Outstanding | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 |
(1) | For more information on the affiliates included in this consolidated information, see Note 1 to our audited consolidated financial statements. |
(2) | The addition of the items may differ from the total amount due to rounding. |
(3) | Other operating income included in this Statement of Income Data is equivalent to the sum of income derived from Coalition and Loyalty Program, Tours, Duty free, aircraft leasing, Maintenance, customs and warehousing operations, income from non-airline products like Latam Pass, and other miscellaneous income. For more information, see Note 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements. |
(4) | Results for 2020 may not be comparable to prior years as a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings. |
3
The table below presents LATAM’s unaudited operating data as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, December 31, 2017, December 31, 2018, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020. LATAM believes this operating data is useful in reporting the operating performance of its business and may be used by certain investors in evaluating companies operating in the global air transportation sector. However, these measures may differ from similarly titled measures reported by other companies, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance in accordance with IFRS. This unaudited operating data is not included in or derived from LATAM’s financial statements.
For the year ended and as of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Data: | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||
ASKs (million) | 55,688.0 | 149,111.9 | 1436,264.7 | 136,398.4 | 134,967.7 | |||||||||||||||
RPKs (million) | 42,624.4 | 124,521.1 | 119,077.4 | 115,962.7 | 113,626.9 | |||||||||||||||
ATKs (million) | 4,708.3 | 6,356.7 | 6,497.6 | 6,230.3 | 6,704.1 | |||||||||||||||
RTKs (million) | 3,077.8 | 3,526.0 | 3,582.5 | 3,421.3 | 3,465.9 |
Dividend Policy
In accordance with the Ley sobre Sociedades Anónimas No. 18,046 (“Chilean Corporation Act”) and the Reglamento de Sociedades Anónimas (the “Regulation to the Chilean Corporate Law”, and together with the Chilean Corporation Act, the “Chilean Corporate Law”), we must pay annual cash dividends equal to at least 30.0% of our annual consolidated net income for the prior year, subject to limited exceptions. LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors has the authority to declare interim dividends. Year-end dividends, if any, are declared by our shareholders at our annual meeting. For a description of our dividend policy, see “Item 8. Financial Information—Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividend Policy” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Dividend and Liquidation Rights” LATAM. On May 18, 2017, LATAM paid US$20,766,119 in dividends in respect of the year ended December 31, 2016. On May 17, 2018, LATAM paid US$46,591,193 in dividends in respect of year ended December 31, 2017. On May 17, 2019, LATAM paid US$54,580,443 in dividends in respect of year ended December 31, 2018. In addition, although dividend reserves of US$57,129,120 were set aside to pay dividends in respect of the year ended December 31, 2019, we did not pay dividends in 2020 due to our Chapter 11 proceedings. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividend Policy.”
We declare cash dividends in U.S. dollars, but make dividend payments in Chilean pesos, converted from U.S. dollars at the observed exchange rate two business days prior to the day we first make payment to shareholders. Payments of cash dividends to holders of ADSs, if any, are made in Chilean pesos to the custodian, who converts those Chilean pesos into U.S. dollars and delivers U.S. dollars to the depositary for distribution to holders of ADS. The amount of U.S. dollars distributed to holders of ADSs may be adversely affected by a devaluation of the Chilean currency that may occur before such dividends are converted and remitted.
LATAM’s Dividend Payments
The table below sets forth the cash dividends per common share and per ADS paid by LATAM, as well as the number of common shares entitled to such dividends, for the years indicated. Dividends per common share amounts reflect common share amounts outstanding immediately prior to the distribution of such dividend.
Dividend for year: | Payment date(s) | Total dividend | Number of | Cash | Cash | ||||||||||||||
(U.S. dollars) | (in millions) | (U.S. dollars) | (U.S. dollars) | ||||||||||||||||
2017 | May 17, 2018 | $ | 46,591,193 | 606.41 | $ | 0.07683 | $ | 0.07683 | |||||||||||
2018 | May 16, 2019 | $ | 54,580,443 | 606.41 | $ | 0.09001 | $ | 0.09001 | |||||||||||
2019(1) | $ | 0.00 | 606.41 | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.00 |
(1) | Although dividend reserves of US$57,129,120 were set aside for 2019, we did not pay dividends in 2020 due to our Chapter 11 proceedings. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividend Policy.” |
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B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable.
C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
D. Risk Factors
The following important factors, and those important factors described in other reports we submit to or file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), could affect our actual results and could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. In particular, as we are a non-U.S. company, there are risks associated with investing in our ADSs that are not typical for investments in the shares of U.S. companies. Prior to making an investment decision, you should carefully consider all of the information contained in this document, including the following risk factors.
Risks Relating to Our Chapter 11 Proceedings
We and a substantial number of our consolidated subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, and we are subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with our Chapter 11 proceedings.
As a consequence of our Chapter 11 filings, the operations and our ability to develop and execute our business plan, as well as our continuation as a going concern, will be subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with bankruptcy. These risks include our ability to:
● | confirm and consummate a plan of reorganization with respect to our Chapter 11 proceedings; |
● | obtain sufficient financing, including for working capital whether from additional debtor-in-possession financing, exit financing or otherwise, and emerge from bankruptcy and execute our business plan post-emergence, as well as comply with the terms and conditions of that financing; |
● | maintain our relationships with our creditors, suppliers, service providers, customers, directors, officers and employees; and |
● | maintain contracts that are critical to our operations on reasonably acceptable terms and conditions. |
We will also be subject to risks relating to, among others:
● | the high costs of bankruptcy proceedings and related fees; |
● | the ability of third parties to seek and obtain court approval to (i) terminate contracts and other agreements with us, (ii) shorten the exclusivity period for us to propose and confirm a Chapter 11 plan or to appoint a Chapter 11 trustee or (iii) convert the Chapter 11 proceedings to Chapter 7 liquidation proceedings; and |
● | the actions and decisions of our creditors and other third parties who have interests in our Chapter 11 proceedings that may be inconsistent with our plans. |
Any delays in our Chapter 11 proceedings increase the risks of our inability to reorganize our business and emerge from bankruptcy and may increase our costs associated with the reorganization process.
Because of the many risks and uncertainties associated with a voluntary filing for relief under Chapter 11 and the related proceedings, we cannot accurately predict or quantify the ultimate impact that events that occur during our Chapter 11 proceedings may have on us and there is no certainty as to our ability to continue as a going concern.
It is impossible to predict with certainty the amount of time that we could spend in our Chapter 11 proceedings or to assure parties in interest that a plan of reorganization will be confirmed. Our Chapter 11 proceedings may involve additional expense and our management will be required to spend a significant amount of time and effort focusing on the Chapter 11 proceedings.
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On September 19, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Debtors’ motion to approve certain debtor-in-possession financing for US$ 2.45 billion. Our Chapter 11 proceedings may require us to seek additional debtor-in-possession financing to fund operations, particularly if there are significant delays in our Chapter 11 proceedings. If we are unable to obtain such financing on favorable terms or at all, our chances of successfully reorganizing our business may be seriously jeopardized and the likelihood that we instead will be required to liquidate our assets may be increased, and, as a result, our common shares and debt instruments could become further devalued or become worthless. Furthermore, we cannot predict the ultimate amount of all settlement terms for the liabilities that will be subject to our plan of reorganization. Even once a plan of reorganization is approved and implemented, we may be adversely affected by the possible reluctance of prospective lenders and other counterparties to do business with a company that has recently emerged from Chapter 11 proceedings.
We have substantial liquidity needs and may not be able to obtain sufficient liquidity to confirm a plan of reorganization and exit our Chapter 11 proceedings successfully.
Although we have taken multiple measures to reduce our expenses and have reduced the scale of our operations significantly, mainly as a result of developments relating to the spread of COVID-19, our business remains capital intensive. In addition to the cash requirements necessary to fund our ongoing operations, we have incurred significant professional fees and other costs in connection with our reorganization, and we expect that we will continue to incur significant professional fees and costs throughout our Chapter 11 proceedings. There are no assurances that our liquidity is sufficient to allow us to satisfy our obligations related to our Chapter 11 proceedings, to proceed with the confirmation of a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization and to emerge successfully from our Chapter 11 proceedings. Notably, as discussed below, to confirm a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization, we will have to demonstrate feasibility which will in part rely on our ability to demonstrate sufficient liquidity upon emergence.
We can provide no assurance that we will be able to secure additional interim financing or exit financing sufficient to meet our liquidity needs. Our liquidity, including our ability to meet our ongoing operational obligations and the covenants, milestones and other conditions in our debt instruments, is dependent upon, among other things: (i) our ability to comply with the terms and conditions of the cash management order entered by the Bankruptcy Court in connection with our Chapter 11 proceedings, (ii) our ability to maintain adequate cash on hand, (iii) our ability to generate cash flow from operations, which depends largely on factors beyond our control relating to developments deriving from the spread of COVID-19, (iv) our ability to confirm and consummate a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization and (v) the cost, duration and outcome of the Chapter 11 proceedings.
We may not be able to obtain confirmation of a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization or such confirmation may be protracted and delayed.
To emerge successfully from Bankruptcy Court protection as a viable entity, we must meet certain statutory requirements. Specifically, the Bankruptcy Court will have to find that the disclosure regarding our proposed plan of reorganization is adequate and that our procedures for solicitation are proper. In addition, we will have to obtain the requisite acceptances of our plan and demonstrate the feasibility of our plan to the Bankruptcy Court by a preponderance of the evidence in order to fulfill other statutory conditions for confirmation of our plan. To date, we have not filed a proposed plan of reorganization and there can be no assurance as to when or whether any or all of the conditions will be satisfied. Similarly, just as we cannot assure that a plan of reorganization will be approved by the Bankruptcy Court, we cannot guarantee that such plan will be recognized or approved by the courts in the other jurisdictions in which we operated and/or where we are subject to the parallel and ancillary reorganization proceedings, or whether or when we will be able to emerge from such parallel or ancillary proceedings.
In particular, the confirmation process can be subject to numerous unanticipated potential delays. The risks include the possibility that:
● | We may receive objections to confirmation of any plan of reorganization from various stakeholders in our Chapter 11 proceedings, including the effectiveness and effect of the steps required for the implementation of the Plan, which could delay and disrupt confirmation of the Plan and the Debtors’ emergence from bankruptcy. Any litigation may be expensive, lengthy and disruptive to the company’s normal business operations and the plan confirmation process. We cannot predict the impact that any objection or third party motion during our Chapter 11 proceedings may have on the Bankruptcy Court’s decision to confirm a plan of reorganization or our ability to complete a plan of reorganization. A resolution of any such litigation that is unfavorable to the Debtors could have a material adverse effect on the plan confirmation process, emergence from bankruptcy or on LATAM’s businesses, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flow. |
● | Adverse publicity in connection with the Chapter 11 proceedings or otherwise could negatively affect LATAM’s business both during the proceedings, the plan confirmation process and post-emergence. |
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● | Counterparties to assumed and assigned contracts may object to the assignment of such contracts pursuant to section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code. Section 365(c)(1) of the Bankruptcy Code provides that a contract may not be assumed or assigned if applicable nonbankruptcy law so provides. While the Debtors do not believe that applicable nonbankruptcy law voids any of the Debtors’ assignments, a counterparty may nevertheless object to an assignment on such grounds. |
The success of any reorganization will depend on approval by the Bankruptcy Court and the willingness of our creditors to agree to the exchange or modification of their claims as will be outlined in a plan of reorganization, and there can be no guarantee of success with respect to any plan of reorganization.
If a plan of reorganization is not confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court or the courts in the other jurisdictions in which we are subject to reorganization proceedings, or if we are unable to emerge from any of our reorganization proceedings, it is unclear whether or when we would be able to reorganize our business and what, if any, distributions holders of claims against us, including holders of our secured and unsecured debt and equity, would ultimately receive with respect to their claims. There can be no assurance as to whether or when we will successfully reorganize and emerge from our Chapter 11 proceedings or, if we do successfully reorganize, as to when we would emerge from Chapter 11 proceedings. If no plan of reorganization can be confirmed, or the Bankruptcy Court finds that it would be in the best interest of creditors, the Bankruptcy Court may convert or dismiss our Chapter 11 proceedings to cases under Chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code. In the event of conversion, a Chapter 7 trustee would be appointed or elected to liquidate our assets for distribution in accordance with the priorities established by the Bankruptcy Code.
Any Chapter 11 plan of reorganization that we may implement will be based in large part upon assumptions and analyses developed by us. If these assumptions and analyses prove to be incorrect, our plan may be unsuccessful in its execution.
Any plan of reorganization we may implement could affect our capital structure and the ownership, structure and operation of the business and will reflect assumptions and analyses based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors that we consider appropriate under the circumstances. Whether actual future results and developments will be consistent with our expectations and assumptions depends on a number of factors, including but not limited to: (i) our ability to change substantially our capital structure, (ii) our ability to obtain adequate liquidity and access financing sources, (iii) our ability to maintain customers’ confidence in our viability as a going concern, (iv) our ability to retain key employees and (v) the overall strength and stability of general macroeconomic conditions. In light of the many uncertainties and risks deriving from developments relating to the spread of COVID-19, these factors and their effect on us are highly unpredictable.
In addition, any Chapter 11 plan of reorganization will rely upon financial projections that are necessarily speculative, and it is likely that one or more of the assumptions and estimates that are the basis of these financial forecasts will not be accurate. In our case, the forecasts may be even more speculative than normal because of the many uncertainties we face relating to, among others, macroeconomic conditions in the countries in which the group operates, depressed demand for air travel and severe travel restrictions imposed by governments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the time and manner in which COVID-19 vaccines are distributed in the countries in which the group operates. Accordingly, we expect that our actual financial condition and results of operations will differ, perhaps materially, from what we have anticipated. Consequently, there can be no assurance that the results or developments contemplated by any plan of reorganization we may implement will occur or, even if they do occur, that they will have the anticipated effects on us or our business or operations. The failure of any such results or developments to materialize as anticipated could materially and adversely affect the successful execution of any plan of reorganization.
Upon emergence from a filing of voluntary relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, our historical financial information may not be indicative of our future financial performance.
Our capital structure may be significantly altered under a plan of reorganization. Further, a plan of reorganization could materially change the amounts and classifications reported in our consolidated historical financial statements, which do not give effect to any adjustments to the carrying value of assets or amounts of liabilities that might be necessary as a consequence of confirmation of a plan of reorganization.
Even if a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization is confirmed, we may not be able to achieve the effective date.
It is common for plans of reorganization to contain conditions precedent to effectiveness, such as obtaining government approvals, satisfying any conditions precedent in the exit facility and entry of an order approving the plan. Even upon confirmation of a plan, there can be no assurance as to when such conditions will be satisfied, if at all.
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Even if a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization is consummated, we may not be able to achieve our stated goals and continue as a going concern.
Even if a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization is consummated, we will continue to face a number of risks, including further depressed demand for air travel and challenging economic conditions as a result of developments relating to the spread of COVID-19 or otherwise. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee that a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization will achieve our stated goals and permit us to effectively implement our strategy.
Furthermore, even if our debts are reduced or discharged through a plan of reorganization, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financing or other various means to fund the group’s business after the completion of our Chapter 11 proceedings. Our access to additional financing is, and for the foreseeable future will likely continue to be, limited, if it is available at all. Therefore, adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on favorable terms.
We may be subject to claims that will not be discharged in our Chapter 11 proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
The Bankruptcy Code provides that the confirmation of a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization discharges a debtor from substantially all debts arising prior to confirmation. With few exceptions, all claims that arose prior to confirmation of the plan of reorganization: (i) would be subject to compromise and/or treatment under the plan of reorganization and (ii) would be discharged in accordance with the Bankruptcy Code and the terms of the plan of reorganization. Any claims not ultimately discharged through a Chapter 11 plan of reorganization could be asserted against the reorganized entities and may have an adverse effect on the business and financial condition and results of operations of the group on a post-reorganization basis.
Our Chapter 11 proceedings may adversely affect our ability to maintain important relationships with creditors, customers, suppliers, employees, financing sources and other personnel and counterparties, which could materially and adversely affect us.
Our Chapter 11 proceedings may adversely affect our commercial relationships and our ability to negotiate favorable terms with important stakeholders and counterparties, including potential sources of financing. Further, public perception of our continued viability may also adversely affect our relationships with customers and their loyalty to us. Strains in any of these relationships could materially and adversely affect us. In particular, critical suppliers, credit and debit card processors and acquirers, banks, export credit agencies, providers of letters of credit, surety bonds or similar instruments, vendors, lessors and customers may determine not to do business with us due to our Chapter 11 proceedings. Also, during the pendency of the Chapter 11 proceedings, the court has stayed the enforcement of any payment toward debt obligations and we will need the prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court for transactions outside the ordinary course of business, which may limit our ability to respond timely to certain events or take advantage of certain opportunities.
There is uncertainty regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.
Our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles applicable to a going concern. As discussed above, our ability to continue as a going concern is contingent upon, among other things, our ability to: (i) develop and successfully implement a restructuring plan within the timeframe required, (ii) reduce debt and other liabilities through the restructuring process, (iii) generate sufficient cash flow from operations and (iv) obtain financing sources to meet our future obligations. The accompanying consolidated financial statements also do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Risks Relating to our Company
A pandemic or the widespread outbreak of contagious illnesses has had, and may continue to have, a material adverse effect on the group’s business and results of operations.
The widespread outbreak of a contagious illness such as the COVID-19 pandemic, or fear of such an event, has materially reduced, and may continue to further reduce, demand for, and availability of, worldwide air travel and therefore is having a material adverse effect on the group’s business and results of operations.
In 2003, an outbreak of a coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) originating in China became an epidemic and resulted in a slowdown of passenger air traffic due contagion fears. At the time, RPK growth was reduced due to oversupply in the market as airlines tried to cut capacity.
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected global economic conditions, disrupted supply chains and otherwise negatively impacted aircraft manufacturing operations and may reduce the availability of aircraft spare parts. The ultimate severity of the COVID-19 pandemic is uncertain at this time and therefore we cannot predict the impact it may have on the availability of aircraft or aircraft spare parts. However, the effect on our results may be material and adverse if supply chain disruptions persist and preclude our ability to adequately maintain our fleet.
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The potential for a period of significantly reduced demand for travel has and will likely continue to result in significant lost revenue. As a result of these or other conditions beyond our control, our results of operations could continue to be volatile and subject to rapid and unexpected change. In addition, if the spread of COVID-19 were to continue unabated, our operations could also be negatively affected if employees are quarantined as the result of exposure to the contagious illness. We cannot fully predict the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to have on global air travel, corporate travel, and the extent to which it may impact the demand for air travel in the regions in which the group operates. Continued government-imposed travel restrictions, border closures or operational issues resulting from the rapid spread of COVID-19 or other contagious illnesses, all of which may be unpredictable, may materially reduce demand for air travel in parts of the world in which we have significant operations and could have lasting impacts on how people do business and the need or demand for business travel. In addition, the pace of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout globally may materially impact our operations. These measures and issues have had and could continue to have a material adverse effect on the group’s business and results of operations.
It is possible that in spite of mitigation measures in place, COVID-19 or other diseases could be transmitted to passengers or employees on our aircraft or at an airport, which could lead to reputational and/or financial impacts.
The health safety and sanitation measures we have implemented as a group may not be sufficient to prevent the spread or contagion of COVID-19 or other infectious diseases to our passengers or employees on our aircraft or the airports in which we operate, which could result in adverse reputational and financial impacts for the group. For further information on the health safety and sanitation measures implemented by the group, see “Explanatory Note—COVID-19 Pandemic,” above. However, it is possible that these measures could prove insufficient and COVID-19 or other diseases could be transmitted to passengers or employees in an airport or on an aircraft.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the airline industry may experience consumer behavior changes, including with regard to corporate travel, long-haul travel, and travel demand.
The potential for mid- to long-term changes to consumer behaviour resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic exists and could lead to adverse financial impacts for the Company. Corporate travel has been hindered, and in many cases, prohibited by companies due to risks during the pandemic. At this time, it is not possible to predict the potential consequences of the increased use of technology as a substitute for travel and whether or when corporate travel, long-haul travel and travel demand could return to the levels existing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, travelers may be less prone to travel or be more price conscious and may choose low-cost alternatives as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A failure to successfully implement the group’s strategy or a failure to adjust such strategy to the current economic situation would harm the group’s business and the market value of our ADSs and common shares.
We have developed a strategic plan with the goal of becoming one of the most admired airlines in the world and renewing our commitment to sustained profitability and superior returns to shareholders. Our strategy requires us to identify value propositions that are attractive to our clients, to find efficiencies in our daily operations, and to transform ourselves into a stronger and more risk-resilient company. A tenet of our strategic plan is the continuing adoption of a new travel model for domestic and international services to address the changing dynamics of customers and the industry, and to increase our competitiveness. The new travel model is based on a continued reduction in air fares that makes air travel accessible to a wider audience, and in particular to those who wish to fly more frequently. This model requires continued cost reduction efforts and increasing revenues from ancillary activities. In connection with these efforts, the Company continues to implement a series of initiatives to reduce cost per ASK in all its operations as well as developing new ancillary revenue initiatives.
Difficulties in implementing our strategy may adversely affect the group’s business, results of operation and the market value of our ADSs and common shares.
Our financial results are exposed to foreign currency fluctuations.
We prepare and present our consolidated financial statements in U.S. dollars. LATAM and its affiliates operate in numerous countries and face the risk of variation in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar or between the currencies of these various countries. Changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in the countries in which the group operates could adversely affect the business, financial condition and results of operations. If the value of the Brazilian real, Chilean peso or other currencies in which revenues are denominated declines against the U.S. dollar, our results of operations and financial condition will be affected. The exchange rate of the Chilean peso, Brazilian real and other currencies against the U.S. dollar may fluctuate significantly in the future.
Changes in Chilean, Brazilian and other governmental economic policies affecting foreign exchange rates could also adversely affect the business, financial condition, results of operations and the return to our shareholders on their common shares or ADSs. For further information, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Risk of Variation in Foreign Exchange Rates.”
The group depends on strategic alliances or commercial relationships in many different countries, and the business may suffer if any of our strategic alliances or commercial relationships terminates.
We maintain a number of alliances and other commercial relationships in many of the jurisdictions in which LATAM and its affiliates operate. These alliances or commercial relationships allow us to enhance our network and, in some cases, to offer our customers services that we could not otherwise offer. If any of our strategic alliances or commercial relationships deteriorates, or any of these agreements are terminated, the group’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
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The group’s business and results of operations may suffer if we fail to obtain and maintain routes, suitable airport access, slots and other operating permits. Also, technical and operational problems with the airport infrastructure of cities in which we have a focus may have a material adverse effect on us.
LATAM’s business depends upon our access to key routes and airports. Bilateral aviation agreements between countries, open skies laws and local aviation approvals frequently involve political and other considerations outside of our control. The group’s operations could be constrained by any delay or inability to gain access to key routes or airports, including:
● | limitations on our ability to transport more passengers; |
● | the imposition of flight capacity restrictions; |
● | the inability to secure or maintain route rights in local markets or under bilateral agreements; or |
● | the inability to maintain our existing slots and obtain additional slots. |
The group operates numerous international routes subject to bilateral agreements, as well as domestic flights within Chile, Peru, Brazil, Ecuador and Colombia, subject to local route and airport access approvals. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulation.”
There can be no assurance that existing bilateral agreements with the countries in which the group’s companies are based and permits from foreign governments will continue to be in effect. A modification, suspension or revocation of one or more bilateral agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The suspension of our permission to operate at certain airports, destinations or slots, or the imposition of other sanctions could also have a material adverse effect. A change in the administration of current laws and regulations or the adoption of new laws and regulations in any of the countries in which the group operates that restrict our route, airport or other access may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Moreover, our operations and growth strategy are dependent on the facilities and infrastructure of key airports, including Santiago’s International Airport, São Paulo’s Guarulhos International and Congonhas Airports, Brasilia’s International Airport and Lima’s Jorge Chavez International Airport. Airports may face challenges to meet their capex programs, after suffering significant financial deterioration stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Delays or cancelations of capex programs could impact our operations or ability to grow in the future.
Santiago’s Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport is undergoing an important expansion, which is expected to be completed by 2021. There is a currently a dispute between the airport operator and the government arising from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and deceleration of airport operations on revenues, which placed additional stress on the operator’s liquidity in light of ongoing investments required for the expansion project. In order to mitigate the impact of the financial loss, the current operator is requesting an extension of the concession period, which expires in 2035. This dispute implies a risk to future opex and capex investments and adverse effects to the airport’s operations.
One of the major operational risks we face on a daily basis at Lima’s Jorge Chavez International Airport is the limited number of parking positions. Additionally, the indoor infrastructure of the airport limits our ability to manage connections and launch new flights due to the lack of gates and increasing security and immigration controls. Lima’s Jorge Chavez International Airport is currently undergoing an expansion, which is expected to be completed by 2024. Any delays could negatively impact our operations limit our ability to grow and affect our competitiveness in the country and in the region.
Brazilian airports, such as the Brasilia and São Paulo (Guarulhos) International Airports, have limited the number of takeoff and landing slots per day due to infrastructural limitations. Any condition that would prevent or delay our access to airports or routes that are vital to our strategy, or our inability to maintain our existing slots and obtain additional slots, could materially adversely affect our operations.
One of the largest operational risks that the El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá faces is the limited capacity that it has during certain time periods due to the adverse weather conditions, the operation of non-regular flights and the lack of availability of slots. As a result, measures have been implemented to mitigate and regulate the operation, such as Ground Stop and Ground Delay Program (GDP Program), which generate delays controlled by the control tower. Another issue faced at the El Dorado International Airport is delays by ATC of the control tower in connection with the GDP Program. These delays occur particularly in certain time periods with high traffic and are associated with non-regular flight operation, emergency flights, lower performance planes, all of which lower the airport’s capacity. However, the El Dorado Airport, its concessionaire, Opain S.A., and the relevant authorities are working on the ACDM (Airport Collaborative Decision Making) project which seeks to optimize the airport’s resources, involving all the industry’s players by understanding their needs, in order to achieve a more controlled operation with less schedule delays.
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A significant portion of our cargo revenue comes from relatively few product types and may be impacted by events affecting their production, trade or demand.
The group’s cargo demand, especially from Latin American exporters, is concentrated in a small number of product categories, such as exports of fish, sea products and fruits from Chile, asparagus from Peru and fresh flowers from Ecuador and Colombia. Events that adversely affect the production, trade or demand for these goods may adversely affect the volume of goods that are transported and may have a significant impact on the results of operations. Future trade protection measures by or against the countries for which we provide cargo services may have an impact in cargo traffic volumes and adversely affect our financial results. Some of the cargo products are sensitive to foreign exchange rates and, therefore, traffic volumes could be impacted by the appreciation or depreciation of local currencies.
Our operations are subject to fluctuations in the supply and cost of jet fuel, which could adversely impact our business.
Higher jet fuel prices could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Jet fuel costs have historically accounted for a significant amount of our operating expenses, and accounted for 17.4% of our operating expenses in 2020. For additional information, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Risk of Fluctuations in Fuel Prices.” Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors and events that we can neither control nor predict, including international political and economic circumstances such as the political instability in major oil-exporting countries. Any future fuel supply shortage (for example, as a result of production curtailments by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, or “OPEC”), a disruption of oil imports, supply disruptions resulting from severe weather or natural disasters, labor actions such as the 2018 trucking strike in Brazil, the continued unrest in the Middle East or other events could result in higher fuel prices or reductions in scheduled airline services. We cannot ensure that we would be able to offset any increases in the price of fuel by increasing our fares. In addition, lower fuel prices may result in lower fares through the reduction or elimination of fuel surcharges. We have entered into fuel hedging arrangements, but there can be no assurance that such arrangements will be adequate to protect us from an increase in fuel prices in the near future or in the long term. Also, while these hedging arrangements are designed to limit the effect of an increase in fuel prices, our hedging methods may also limit our ability to take advantage of any decrease in fuel prices, as was the case in 2015 and, to a lesser extent, in 2016. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Risks of Fluctuations in Fuel Prices.” Hedging arrangements are limited after our Chapter 11 filings, as our ISDA contracts went stale. The Company is in the process of signing new contracts.
We rely on maintaining a high aircraft utilization rate to increase our revenues and absorb our fixed costs, which makes us especially vulnerable to delays.
Generally, a key element of our strategy is to maintain a high daily aircraft utilization rate, which measures the number of hours we use our aircraft per day. High daily aircraft utilization allows us to maximize the amount of revenue we generate from our aircraft and absorb the fixed costs associated with our fleet and is achieved, in part, by reducing turnaround times at airports and developing schedules that enable us to increase the average hours flown per day. Our rate of aircraft utilization could be adversely affected by a number of different factors that are beyond our control, including air traffic and airport congestion, adverse weather conditions, unanticipated maintenance and delays by third-party service providers relating to matters such as fueling, catering and ground handling. If an aircraft falls behind schedule, the resulting delays could cause a disruption in our operating performance and have a financial impact on our results
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic our turnaround times between flights have increased to allow for the incorporation of numerous changes to the operation, such as increased aircraft sanitization and adjusted embarking and disembarking procedures. This increase in turnaround times has a direct impact on our utilization rate. Further, as a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings, the majority of LATAM’s fleet is operating on a payment by use (or Power By Hour, “PBH”) plan, thus turning the once fixed costs into variable costs that are not easily absorbed through higher utilization.
LATAM flies and depends upon Airbus and Boeing aircraft, and our business could suffer if we do not receive timely deliveries of aircraft, if aircraft from these companies become unavailable or if the public negatively perceives our aircraft.
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group has a total fleet of 239 Airbus and 61 Boeing aircraft. Risks relating to Airbus and Boeing include:
● | our failure or inability to obtain Airbus or Boeing aircraft, parts or related support services on a timely basis because of high demand, aircraft delivery backlog or other factors; |
● | the interruption of fleet service as a result of unscheduled or unanticipated maintenance requirements for these aircraft; |
● | the issuance by the Chilean or other aviation authorities of directives restricting or prohibiting the use of our Airbus or Boeing aircraft, or requiring time-consuming inspections and maintenance; |
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● | adverse public perception of a manufacturer as a result of safety concerns, negative publicity or other problems, whether real or perceived, in the event of an accident; or |
● | delays between the time we realize the need for new aircraft and the time it takes us to arrange for Airbus and Boeing or for a third-party provider to deliver this aircraft. |
The occurrence of any one or more of these factors could restrict our ability to use aircraft to generate profits, respond to increased demands, or could otherwise limit our operations and adversely affect our business. In the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings, certain of our agreements with suppliers may be rejected. For further information, related to current contractual obligations, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—F. Long term Indebtedness—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.”
If we are unable to incorporate leased aircraft into the fleet at acceptable rates and terms in the future, our business could be adversely affected.
A large portion of the aircraft fleet is subject to long-term leases. The leases typically run from three to 12 years from the date of execution. We may face more competition for, or a limited supply of, leased aircraft, making it difficult to negotiate on competitive terms upon expiration of the current leases or to lease additional capacity required for the targeted level of operations. If we are forced to pay higher lease rates in the future to maintain our capacity and the number of aircraft in the fleet, our profitability could be adversely affected.
Furthermore, we will need Bankruptcy Court approval for certain lease transactions, which may delay or further complicate negotiations ultimately limiting our ability to take advantage of favorable market conditions.
Our business may be adversely affected if we are unable to service our debt or meet our future financing requirements.
We have a high degree of debt and payment obligations under our aircraft leases and financial debt arrangements. We require significant amounts of financing to meet our aircraft capital requirements and may require additional financing to fund our other business needs. We cannot guarantee that we will have access to or be able to arrange for financing in the future on favorable terms. Higher financing costs could affect our ability to expand or renew our fleet, which in turn could adversely affect our business.
In addition, a substantial portion of our property and equipment is subject to liens securing our indebtedness, including our debtor-in-possession financing. In the event that we fail to make payments on our debtor-in-possession financing or other secured indebtedness, creditors’ enforcement of liens could limit or end our ability to use the affected property and equipment to fulfill our operational needs and thus generate revenue. For further information, related to current contractual obligations, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—F. Long term Indebtedness—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.”
Moreover, external conditions in the financial and credit markets may limit the availability of funding at particular times or increase its costs, which could adversely affect our profitability, our competitive position and result in lower net interest margins, earnings and cash flows, as well as lower returns on shareholders’ equity and invested capital. Factors that may affect the availability of funding or cause an increase in our funding costs include global macro-economic crises, reductions in our credit rating or in that of our issuances, and other potential market disruptions.
We have significant exposure to LIBOR and other floating interest rates; increases in interest rates will increase our financing cost and may have adverse effects on our financial condition and results of operations.
We are exposed to the risk of interest rate variations, principally in relation to the U.S. dollar London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”). Many of our financial leases are denominated in U.S. dollars and bear interest at a floating rate. 55% of our outstanding consolidated debt as of December 31, 2020 bears interest at a floating rate (and 58% if you consider US$375 million in DIP financing provided by Related Parties), after giving effect to interest rate hedging agreements. Volatility in LIBOR or other reference rates could increase our periodic interest and lease payments and have an adverse effect on our total financing costs. We may be unable to adequately adjust our prices to offset any increased financing costs, which would have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (the authority that regulates LIBOR) announced that it intends to stop compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York convened the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC), a group of private-market participants, to help ensure a successful transition from U.S. dollar (USD) LIBOR to a more robust reference rate, its recommended alternative, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). Although the adoption of SOFR is voluntary, the impending discontinuation of LIBOR makes it essential that market participants consider moving to alternative rates such as SOFR and that they have appropriate fallback language in existing contracts referencing LIBOR. The impact of such a transition away from LIBOR could be significant for us because of our substantial indebtedness. See also the discussion of interest rate risk in “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Risk of Fluctuations in Interest Rates.”
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Increases in insurance costs and/or significant reductions in coverage could harm our financial condition and results of operations.
Significant events affecting the aviation insurance industry (such as terrorist attacks, airline crashes or accidents and health epidemics and the related widespread government-imposed travel restrictions) may result in significant increases of airlines’ insurance premiums and/or relevant decreases of insurance coverage. Further increases in insurance costs and/or reductions in available insurance coverage could have a material impact on our financial results, change the insurance strategy, and also increase the risk of uncovered losses.
Problems with air traffic control systems or other technical failures could interrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business.
The operations, including the ability to deliver customer service, are dependent on the effective operation of the equipment, including aircraft, maintenance systems and reservation systems. The operations are also dependent on the effective operation of domestic and international air traffic control systems and the air traffic control infrastructure by the corresponding authorities in the markets in which the group operates. Equipment failures, personnel shortages, air traffic control problems and other factors that could interrupt operations could adversely affect the operations and financial results as well as our reputation.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers for certain aircraft and engine parts.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers for aircraft, aircraft engines and many aircraft and engine parts. As a result, we are vulnerable to problems associated with the supply of those aircraft, parts and engines, including design defects, mechanical problems, contractual performance by the suppliers, or adverse perception by the public that would result in unscheduled maintenance requirements, in customer avoidance or in actions by the aviation authorities resulting in an inability to operate our aircraft. During the year 2020, LATAM Airline’s main suppliers were aircraft manufacturers Airbus and Boeing.
In addition to Airbus and Boeing, LATAM Airlines has a number of other suppliers, primarily related to aircraft accessories, spare parts, and components, including Pratt & Whitney, MTU Maintenance, Rolls-Royce, General Electric and Pratt & Whitney Canada.
Rolls-Royce continues to face delays with its Trent 1000 engine program, used to power LATAM’s Boeing 787 fleet, with increased demand for inspections and maintenance. This has affected the availability and the operational flexibility of this aircraft for operators worldwide, with the impact for LATAM reaching its peak in July 2018. While the situation has improved considerably, there is no guarantee that this will not continue and therefore reduce the availability of Boeing 787 aircraft, thus negatively affecting operations and financial results.
In the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings, certain of our agreements with suppliers may be rejected.
Our business relies extensively on third-party service providers. Failure of these parties to perform as expected, or interruptions in our relationships with these providers or in their provision of services to us, could have an adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
We have engaged a significant number of third-party service providers to perform a large number of functions that are integral to our business, including regional operations, operation of customer service call centers, distribution and sale of airline seat inventory, provision of technology infrastructure and services, performance of business processes, including purchasing and cash management, provision of aircraft maintenance and repairs, catering, ground services, and provision of various utilities and performance of aircraft fueling operations, among other vital functions and services. We do not directly control these third-party service providers, although we do enter into agreements with many of them that define expected service performance. Any of these third-party service providers, however, may materially fail to meet their service performance commitments, may suffer disruptions to their systems that could impact their services, or the agreements with such providers may be terminated. For example, flight reservations booked by customers and/or travel agencies via third-party GDSs (Global Distribution Systems) may be adversely affected by disruptions in our business relationships with GDS operators or by issues in the GDS’s operations. Such disruptions, including a failure to agree upon acceptable contract terms when contracts expire or otherwise become subject to renegotiation, may cause the carriers’ flight information to be limited or unavailable for display, significantly increase fees for both us and GDS users, and impair our relationships with customers and travel agencies. The failure of any of our third-party service providers to adequately perform their service obligations, or other interruptions of services, may reduce our revenues and increase our expenses or prevent us from operating our flights and providing other services to our customers. In addition, our business, financial performance and reputation could be materially harmed if our customers believe that our services are unreliable or unsatisfactory. In the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings, certain of our agreements with suppliers and third-party contractors may be rejected. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Chapter 11 Proceedings.”
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Disruptions or security breaches of our information technology infrastructure or systems could interfere with the operations, compromise passenger or employee information, and expose us to liability, possibly causing our business and reputation to suffer.
A serious internal technology error, failure, or cybersecurity incident impacting systems hosted internally at our data centers, externally at third-party locations or cloud providers, or large-scale interruption in technology infrastructure we depend on, such as power, telecommunications or the internet, may disrupt our technology network with potential impact on our operations. Our technology systems and related data may also be vulnerable to a variety of sources of interruption, including natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, cyber-attacks and other security issues. These systems include our computerized airline reservation system, flight operations system, telecommunications systems, website, customer, self-service applications (“apps”), maintenance systems, check-in kiosks, in-flight entertainment systems and data centers.
In addition, as a part of our ordinary business operations, we collect and store sensitive data, including personal information of our passengers and employees and information of our business partners. The secure operation of the networks and systems on which this type of information is stored, processed and maintained is critical to our business operations and strategy. Unauthorized parties may attempt to gain access to our systems or information through fraud, deception, or cybersecurity incident. Hardware or software we develop or acquire may contain defects that could unexpectedly compromise information security. The compromise of our technology systems resulting in the loss, disclosure, misappropriation of, or access to, customers’, employees’ or business partners’ information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or regulatory penalties under laws protecting the privacy of personal information, disruption to our operations and damage to our reputation, any or all of which could adversely affect our business.
Increases in our labor costs, which constitute a substantial portion of our total operating expenses, could directly impact our earnings.
Labor costs constitute a significant percentage of our total operating expenses (16.0% in 2020) and at times in our operating history we have experienced pressure to increase wages and benefits for our employees. A significant increase in our labor costs could result in a material reduction in our earnings.
Collective action by employees could cause operating disruptions and adversely impact our business.
Certain employee groups such as pilots, flight attendants, mechanics and our airport personnel have highly specialized skills. As a consequence, actions by these groups, such as strikes, walk-outs or stoppages, could severely disrupt operations and adversely impact our operating and financial performance, as well as our image.
A strike, work interruption or stoppage or any prolonged dispute with employees who are represented by any of these unions could have an adverse impact on operations. These risks are typically exacerbated during periods of renegotiation with the unions, which typically occurs every two to four years depending on the jurisdiction and the union. Any renegotiated collective bargaining agreement could feature significant wage increases and a consequent increase in our operating expenses. Any failure to reach an agreement during negotiations with unions may require us to enter into arbitration proceedings, use financial and management resources, and potentially agree to terms that are less favorable to us than our existing agreements. Employees who are not currently members of unions may also form new unions that may seek further wage increases or benefits.
Our business may experience adverse consequences if we are unable to reach satisfactory collective bargaining agreements with unionized employees.
As of December 31, 2020, approximately 64% of the group’s employees, including administrative personnel, cabin crew, flight attendants, pilots and maintenance technicians are members of unions and have contracts and collective bargaining agreements which expire on a regular basis. The business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by a failure to reach agreement with any labor union representing such employees or by an agreement with a labor union that contains terms that are not in line with expectations or that prevent the group from competing effectively with other airlines. For further information regarding the unions representing employees in each country in which the group operates and with which there are established collective bargaining agreements, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—D. Employees—Labor Relations.”
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LATAM may experience difficulty finding, training and retaining employees.
The business is labor intensive. The group employs a large number of pilots, flight attendants, maintenance technicians and other operating and administrative personnel. The airline industry has, from time to time, experienced a shortage of qualified personnel, especially pilots and maintenance technicians. Such shortage of qualified personnel is further exacerbated as a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings, and extends to non-flight personnel. In addition, as is common with most of our competitors, the group may, from time to time, face considerable turnover of our employees. Should the turnover of employees, particularly pilots and maintenance technicians, sharply increase, our training costs will be significantly higher. LATAM cannot assure you that it will be able to recruit, train and retain the managers, pilots, technicians and other qualified employees that are needed to continue the current operations or replace departing employees. An increase in turnover or failure to recruit, train and retain qualified employees at a reasonable cost could materially adversely affect the business, financial condition, and results of operations. As a result of the Chapter 11 proceedings, the group may experience increased levels of employee attrition. A loss of key personnel or material erosion of employee morale could impair the ability to execute strategy and implement operational initiatives, thereby adversely affecting the group.
Risks Relating to the Airline Industry and the Countries in Which the Group Operates
Our performance is heavily dependent on economic conditions in the countries in which the group does business. Negative economic conditions in those countries could adversely impact the group’s business and results of operations and cause the market price of our common shares and ADSs to decrease.
Passenger and cargo demand is heavily cyclical and highly dependent on global and local economic growth, economic expectations and foreign exchange rate variations, among other things. In the past, our business has been adversely affected by global economic recessionary conditions, weak economic growth in Chile, recessions in Brazil and Argentina, and poor economic performance in certain emerging market countries in which the group operates. The occurrence of similar events in the future could adversely affect our business. The group plans to continue to expand operations based in Latin America, which means that performance will continue to depend heavily on economic conditions in the region.
Any of the following factors could adversely affect the business, financial condition and results of operations in the countries in which the group operates:
● | changes in economic or other governmental policies; |
● | changes in regulatory, legal or administrative practices; |
● | weak economic performance, including, but not limited to, a slowdown in the Brazilian economy, political instability, low economic growth, low consumption and/or investment rates, and increased inflation rates; or |
● | other political or economic developments over which we have no control. |
No assurance can be given that capacity reductions or other steps the group may take in response to weakened demand will be adequate to offset any future reduction in cargo and/or air travel demand in markets in which the group operates. Sustained weak demand may adversely impact our revenues, results of operations or financial condition.
An adverse economic environment, whether global, regional or in a particular country, could result in a reduction in passenger traffic, as well as a reduction in the cargo business, and could also impact the ability to set fares, which in turn would materially and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We are exposed to increases in landing fees and other airport service charges that could adversely affect our margin and competitive position. Also, it cannot be assured that in the future we will have access to adequate facilities and landing rights necessary to achieve our expansion plans.
The group must pay fees to airport operators for the use of their facilities. Any substantial increase in airport charges, including at Guarulhos International Airport in São Paulo, Jorge Chavez International Airport in Lima or Comodoro Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport in Santiago, could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. Passenger taxes and airport charges have increased substantially in recent years. We cannot assure you that the airports in which the group operates will not increase or maintain high passenger taxes and service charges in the future. Any such increases could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
15
Certain airports that we serve (or that we plan to serve in the future) are subject to capacity constraints and impose various restrictions, including takeoff and landing slot restrictions during certain periods of the day and limits on aircraft noise levels. We cannot be certain that the group will be able to obtain a sufficient number of slots, gates and other facilities at airports to expand services in line with our growth strategy. It is also possible that airports not currently subject to capacity constraints may become so in the future. In addition, an airline must use its slots on a regular and timely basis or risk having those slots re-allocated to others. Where slots or other airport resources are not available or their availability is restricted in some way, the group may have to amend schedules, change routes or reduce aircraft utilization. It is also possible that aviation authorities in the countries in which the group operates, change the rules for the assignment of takeoff and landing slots, as it was the case with the São Paulo airport (Congonhas) in 2019 where the slots previously operated by Avianca Brazil were reassigned. Any of these alternatives could have an adverse financial impact on operations. We cannot ensure that airports at which there are no such restrictions may not implement restrictions in the future or that, where such restrictions exist, they may not become more onerous. Such restrictions may limit our ability to continue to provide or to increase services at such airports.
The business is highly regulated and changes in the regulatory environment in the different countries may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our business is highly regulated and depends substantially upon the regulatory environment in the countries in which the group operates or intend to operate. For example, price controls on fares may limit our ability to effectively apply customer segmentation profit maximization techniques (“passenger revenue management”) and adjust prices to reflect cost pressures. High levels of government regulation may limit the scope of our operations and our growth plans. The possible failure of aviation authorities to maintain the required governmental authorizations, or our failure to comply with applicable regulations, may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations and the price of common shares and ADSs may be adversely affected by changes in policy or regulations at the federal, state or municipal level in the countries in which the group operates, involving or affecting factors such as:
● | interest rates; |
● | currency fluctuations; |
● | monetary policies; |
● | inflation; |
● | liquidity of capital and lending markets; |
● | tax and social security policies; |
● | labor regulations; |
● | energy and water shortages and rationing; and |
● | other political, social and economic developments in or affecting Brazil, Chile, Peru, and the United States, among others. |
For example, the Brazilian federal government has frequently intervened in the domestic economy and made drastic changes in policy and regulations to control inflation and affect other policies and regulations. This required the federal government to increase interest rates, change taxes and social security policies, implement price controls, currency exchange and remittance controls, devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports.
Uncertainty over whether the Brazilian federal government will implement changes in policy or regulation affecting these or other factors may contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil and to heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities markets and securities issued abroad by Brazilian companies. These and other developments in the Brazilian economy and governmental policies may adversely affect us and our business and results of operations and may adversely affect the trading price of our common shares and ADSs.
16
We are also subject to international bilateral air transport agreements that provide for the exchange of air traffic rights between the countries where the group operates, and we must obtain permission from the applicable foreign governments to provide service to foreign destinations. There can be no assurance that such existing bilateral agreements will continue, or that we will be able to obtain more route rights under those agreements to accommodate our future expansion plans. Certain bilateral agreements also include provisions that require substantial ownership or effective control. Any modification, suspension or revocation of one or more bilateral agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The suspension of our permits to operate to certain airports or destinations, the inability for us to obtain favorable take-off and landing authorizations at certain high-density airports or the imposition of other sanctions could also have a negative impact on our business. We cannot be certain that a change in ownership or effective control or in a foreign government’s administration of current laws and regulations or the adoption of new laws and regulations will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Losses and liabilities in the event of an accident involving one or more of our aircraft could materially affect our business.
We are exposed to potential catastrophic losses in the event of an aircraft accident, terrorist incident or any other similar event. There can be no assurance that, as a result of an aircraft accident or significant incident:
● | we will not need to increase our insurance coverage; |
● | our insurance premiums will not increase significantly; |
● | our insurance coverage will fully cover all of our liability; or |
● | we will not be forced to bear substantial losses. |
Substantial claims resulting from an accident or significant incident in excess of our related insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, any aircraft accident, even if fully insured, could cause the negative public perception that our operations or aircraft are less safe or reliable than those operated by other airlines, or by other flight operators, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Insurance premiums may also increase due to an accident or incident affecting one of our alliance partners or other airlines, or due to a perception of increased risk in the industry related to concerns about war or terrorist attacks, the general industry, or general industry safety.
High levels of competition in the airline industry, such as the presence of low-cost carriers in the markets in which the group operates, may adversely affect the level of operations.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by high levels of competition within the industry, particularly the entrance of new competitors into the markets in which the group operates. Airlines compete primarily over fare levels, frequency and dependability of service, brand recognition, passenger amenities (such as frequent flyer programs) and the availability and convenience of other passenger or cargo services. New and existing airlines (and companies providing ground cargo or passenger transportation) could enter our markets and compete with us on any of these bases, including by offering lower prices, more attractive services or increasing their route offerings in an effort to gain greater market share. For more information regarding our main competitors, see “Item 4. Information of the Company—B. Business Overview—Passenger Operations—International Passenger Operations” and “Item 4. Information of the Company—B. Business Overview—Passenger Operations—Business Model for Domestic Operations.”
Low-cost carriers have an important impact in the industry’s revenues given their low unit costs. Lower costs allow low-cost carriers to offer inexpensive fares which, in turn, allow price sensitive customers to fly or to shift from large to low cost carriers. In past years we have seen more interest in the development of the low-cost model throughout Latin America. For example, in the Chilean market, Sky Airline, our main competitor, has been migrating to a low-cost model since 2015, while in July 2017, JetSmart, a new low-cost airline, started operations. In the Peruvian domestic market, VivaAir Peru, a new low-cost airline, started operations in May 2017, and in April 2019, another low-cost airline, Sky Airline Peru, started operations. In Colombia, low-cost competitor VivaColombia has been operating in the domestic market since May 2012. A number of low-cost carriers have announced growth strategies including commitments to acquire significant numbers of aircraft for delivery in the next few years. The entry of low-cost carriers into local markets in which we compete, including those described above, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial performance. Additionally, certain of our competitors have also filed voluntary petitions under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. The ability of competitors to significantly adjust their cost structure and become more competitive, resulting from a bankruptcy reorganization process or other financial restructuring may also adversely affect our ability to compete.
17
International strategic growth plans rely, in part, upon receipt of regulatory approvals of the countries in which we plan to expand our operations with joint business agreements (JBA). The group may not be able to obtain those approvals, while other competitors might be approved. Accordingly, we might not be able to compete for the same routes as our competitors, which could diminish our market share and adversely impact our financial results. No assurances can be given as to any benefits, if any, that we may derive from such agreements.
Some of our competitors may receive external support, which could adversely impact our competitive position.
Some of our competitors may receive support from external sources, such as their national governments, which may be unavailable to us. Support may include, among others, subsidies, financial aid or tax waivers. This support could place the group at a competitive disadvantage and adversely affect operations and financial performance. For example, Aerolineas Argentinas has historically been government subsidized. Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, some of our competitors on long-haul routes have received, or will receive, government support.
Moreover, as a result of the competitive environment, there may be further consolidation in the Latin American and global airline industry, whether by means of acquisitions, joint ventures, partnerships or strategic alliances. We cannot predict the effects of further consolidation on the industry. Furthermore, consolidation in the airline industry and changes in international alliances will continue to affect the competitive landscape in the industry and may result in the development of airlines and alliances with increased financial resources, more extensive global networks and reduced cost structures.
Some of the countries where the group operates may not comply with international agreements previously established, which could increase the risk perception of doing business in that specific market and as a consequence impact the business and financial results.
Rulings by a bankruptcy court in Brazil and by higher judicial authorities related to the bankruptcy proceedings of Avianca Brazil may appear to be inconsistent with the Cape Town Convention (CTC) treaty that Brazil has signed, thus raising concerns about the rights of creditors in respect of financings secured by aircraft. Accordingly, if creditors perceive that an increase business risk is created by these rulings for leasing or other financing transactions involving aircraft in Brazil, there is a possibility that rating agencies may issue lower credit ratings in respect of financings that are secured by aircraft in Brazil. As a result, business and financial results may be adversely affected if our financing activities in Brazil are impacted by such events.
LATAM’s operations are subject to local, national and international environmental regulations; costs of compliance with applicable regulations, or the consequences of noncompliance, could adversely affect our results, our business or our reputation.
LATAM’s operations are affected by environmental regulations at local, national and international levels. These regulations cover, among other things, emissions to the atmosphere, disposal of solid waste and aqueous effluents, aircraft noise and other activities incident to the business. Future operations and financial results may vary as a result of such regulations. Compliance with these regulations and new or existing regulations that may be applicable to us in the future could increase our cost base and adversely affect operations and financial results. In addition, failure to comply with these regulations could adversely affect us in a variety of ways, including adverse effects on the group’s reputation.
In 2016, the International Civil Aviation Organization (“ICAO”) adopted a resolution creating the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), providing a framework for a global market-based measure to stabilize carbon dioxide (“CO2”) emissions in international civil aviation (i.e., civil aviation flights that depart in one country and arrive in a different country). CORSIA will be implemented in phases, starting with the participation of ICAO member states on a voluntary basis during a pilot phase (from 2021 through 2023), followed by a first phase (from 2024 through 2026) and a second phase (from 2027). Currently, CORSIA focuses on defining standards for monitoring, reporting and verification of emissions from air operators, as well as on defining steps to offset CO2 emissions after 2020. To the extent most of the countries in which the group operates continue to be ICAO member states, in the future we may be affected by regulations adopted pursuant to the CORSIA framework.
The proliferation of national regulations and taxes on CO2 emissions in the countries that we have domestic operations, including environmental regulations that the airline industry is facing in Colombia, may also affect the cost of operations and the margins.
The business may be adversely affected by a downturn in the airline industry caused by exogenous events that affect travel behavior or increase costs, such as outbreak of disease, weather conditions and natural disasters, war or terrorist attacks.
Demand for air transportation may be adversely impacted by exogenous events, such as adverse weather conditions and natural disasters, epidemics (such as Ebola and Zika) and pandemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), terrorist attacks, war or political and social instability. Situations such as these in one or more of the markets in which the group operates could have a material impact on the business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic and other adverse public health developments could have a prolonged effect on air transportation demand and any prolonged or widespread effects could significantly impact operations.
18
After the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, the Company made the decision to reduce its flights to the United States. In connection with the reduction in service, the Company reduced its workforce resulting in additional expenses due to severance payments to terminated employees during 2001. Any future terrorist attacks or threat of attacks, whether or not involving commercial aircraft, any increase in hostilities relating to reprisals against terrorist organizations or otherwise and any related economic impact could result in decreased passenger traffic and materially and negatively affect the business, financial condition and results of operations.
After the 2001 terrorist attacks, airlines have experienced increased costs resulting from additional security measures that may be made even more rigorous in the future. In addition to measures imposed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and the TSA, IATA and certain foreign governments have also begun to institute additional security measures at foreign airports we serve.
Revenues for airlines depend on the number of passengers carried, the fare paid by each passenger and service factors, such as the timeliness of flight departures and arrivals. During periods of fog, ice, low temperatures, storms or other adverse weather conditions, some or all of our flights may be cancelled or significantly delayed, reducing profitability. In addition, fuel prices and supplies, which constitute a significant cost for us, may increase as a result of any future terrorist attacks, a general increase in hostilities or a reduction in output of fuel, voluntary or otherwise, by oil-producing countries. Such increases may result in both higher airline ticket prices and decreased demand for air travel generally, which could have an adverse effect on revenues and results of operations.
An accumulation of ticket refunds could have an adverse effect on our financial results.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding widespread government-imposed travel restrictions that are outside of LATAM’s control have resulted in an unprecedented number of requests for ticket refunds from customers due to changed or cancelled flights. Although at the time this issue has been managed, we cannot assure you that the COVID-19 pandemic or other outbreak of contagious illness will not result in additional changed or cancelled flights, and we cannot predict the total amount of refunds that customers might request as a result thereof. If the group is required to pay out a substantial amount of ticket refunds in cash, this could have an adverse effect on our financial results or liquidity position. Furthermore, the Company has agreements with financial institutions that process customer credit card transactions for the sale of air travel and other services. Under certain of the Company’s credit card processing agreements, the financial institutions in certain circumstances have the right to require that the Company maintain a reserve equal to a portion of advance ticket sales that have been processed by that financial institution, but for which the Company has not yet provided the air transportation. Such financial institutions may require cash or other collateral reserves to be established or withholding of payments related to receivables to be collected, including if the Company does not maintain certain minimum levels of unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Refunds lower our liquidity and put us at risk of triggering liquidity covenants in these processing agreements and, in doing so, could force us to post cash collateral with the credit card companies for advance ticket sales.
LATAM is subject to risks relating to litigation and administrative proceedings that could adversely affect the business and financial performance in the event of an unfavorable ruling.
The nature of the business exposes us to litigation relating to labor, insurance and safety matters, regulatory, tax and administrative proceedings, governmental investigations, tort claims and contract disputes. Litigation is inherently costly and unpredictable, making it difficult to accurately estimate the outcome among other matters. Currently, as in the past, we are subject to proceedings or investigations of actual or potential litigation. Although we establish accounting provisions as we deem necessary, the amounts that we reserve could vary significantly from any amounts we actually have to pay due to the inherent uncertainties in the estimation process. We cannot assure you that these or other legal proceedings will not materially affect the business. For further information, see “Item 8. Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings” and Note 31 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this report.
The group is subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering and antitrust laws and regulations in Chile, the United States and in the various countries in which it operates. Violations of any such laws or regulations could have a material adverse impact on our reputation and results of operations and financial condition.
We are subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, antitrust and other international laws and regulations and are required to comply with the applicable laws and regulations of all jurisdictions where the group operates. In addition, we are subject to economic sanctions regulations that restrict dealings with certain sanctioned countries, individuals and entities. There can be no assurance that internal policies and procedures will be sufficient to prevent or detect all inappropriate practices, fraud or violations of law by affiliates, employees, directors, officers, partners, agents and service providers or that any such persons will not take actions in violation of our policies and procedures. Any violations by us of laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on the business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition.
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Latin American governments have exercised and continue to exercise significant influence over their economies.
Governments in Latin America frequently intervene in the economies of their respective countries and occasionally make significant changes in policy and regulations. Governmental actions have often involved, among other measures, nationalizations and expropriations, price controls, currency devaluations, mandatory increases on wages and employee benefits, capital controls and limits on imports. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by changes in government policies or regulations, including such factors as exchange rates and exchange control policies, inflation control policies, price control policies, consumer protection policies, import duties and restrictions, liquidity of domestic capital and lending markets, electricity rationing, tax policies, including tax increases and retroactive tax claims, and other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments in or affecting the countries where the group operates.
For example, the Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and implement other policies have involved wage and price controls, depreciation of the real, controls over remittance of funds abroad, intervention by the Central Bank to affect base interest rates and other measures. In the future, the level of intervention by Latin American governments may continue or increase. We cannot assure you that these or other measures will not have a material adverse effect on the economy of each respective country and, consequently, will not adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Political instability and social unrest in Latin America may adversely affect the business.
LATAM operates primarily within Latin America and is thus subject to a full range of risks associated with our operations in this region. These risks may include unstable political or social conditions, lack of well-established or reliable legal systems, exchange controls and other limits on our ability to repatriate earnings and changeable legal and regulatory requirements.
Although political and social conditions in one country may differ significantly from another country, events in any of our key markets could adversely affect the business, financial conditions or results of operations.
For example, in Brazil, in the last couple of years, as a result of the ongoing Lava Jato investigation (“Operation Car Wash”), a number of senior politicians have resigned or been arrested and other senior elected officials and public officials are being investigated for allegations of corruption. One of the most significant events that elapsed from this operation was the impeachment of the former President Rousseff by the Brazilian Senate on August, 2016, for violations of fiscal responsibility laws and the governing of its Vice-President, Michel Temer, during the last two years of the presidential mandate, which, due to the development of the investigations conducted by the Federal Police Department and the General Federal Prosecutor’s Office, indicted President Temer on corruption charges. Along with the political and economic uncertainty period the country was facing, in July 2017, former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was convicted of corruption and money laundering by a lower federal court in the State of Paraná in connection with Operation Car Wash.
In Peru, on September 30, 2019, President Martin Vizcarra took the executive action to dissolve the Peruvian Congress and called for a new election of congressional members. In response to the dissolution of the Congress, former members of the legislative body voted to suspend President Vizcarra for twelve months and appointed Vice President Mercedes Araoz as interim president to temporarily replace Mr. Vizcarra. Vice President Araoz resigned from her position as interim president the following day. On January 14, 2020, the Peruvian Constitutional Court declared the executive action taken by President Vizcarra to be constitutionally and legally valid. On January 26, 2020, congressional elections were held to elect the new Congress. The new Congress is fragmented and will likely be replaced in the next general election in April 2021.
On October 20, 2020, a group of 27 congressmen introduced a motion to hold new impeachment proceedings against President Vizcarra as a result of allegations that President Vizcarra received illicit payments from construction companies when he was the governor of Moquegua (between 2011 and 2014). On November 2, 2020, the Peruvian Congress voted to hold new impeachment proceedings. On November 9, 2020, with the affirmative vote of the required qualified members of Congress, the impeachment of President Vizcarra was approved. Because, at the time, Peru did not have designated vice presidents, the then-president of the Congress, Manuel Arturo Merino de Lama, assumed the role of acting President. Since that day, Peru has been undergoing political and social unrest, followed by multiple protests within the country. On November 15, 2020, Manuel Arturo Merino de Lama resigned from his role of acting President. On November 16, 2020, the Congress elected congressman Francisco Rafael Sagasti Hochhausler as president of Congress, and he assumed the role of acting President on November 17, 2020 until July 28, 2021.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, Peru is currently scheduled to hold a general election in April 2021 to elect a new President and Congress, which increases the uncertainty surrounding the Peruvian economy. In the past, governments have imposed controls on prices, exchange rates, local and foreign investment and international trade, restricted the ability of companies to dismiss employees, expropriated private sector assets and prohibited the remittance of profits to foreign investors. We cannot be certain whether the new Peruvian government (appointed by Congress) or the Peruvian government to be elected in 2021 will continue to pursue business-friendly and open-market economic policies that stimulate economic growth and stability.
In October 2019, Chile saw significant protests associated with economic conditions resulting in the declaration of a state of emergency in several major cities. The protests in Chile began over criticisms about social inequality, lack of quality education, weak pensions, increasing prices and low minimum wage. If social unrest in Chile were to continue or intensify, it could lead to operational delays or adversely impact our ability to operate in Chile.
Furthermore, current initiatives to address the concerns of the protesters are under discussion in the Chilean Congress. These initiatives include labor reforms, tax reforms and pension reforms, among others. It is not possible to predict the effect of these changes as they are still under discussion, but they could potentially result in higher payments of wages and salaries and an increase in taxes. On October 25, 2020 (postponed from April 26, 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic), Chile widely approved a referendum to redraft the constitution via constitutional convention. The election for selecting the 155-member constitutional convention is set to be held on April 11, 2021. Thereafter, the convention will have 9 months, with the possibility of a one-time, three-month extension, to present a new constitution, which will be approved or rejected in a referendum during 2022. In addition, Chile will hold presidential and congressional elections in November 2021.
Although conditions throughout Latin America vary from country to country, our customers’ reactions to developments in Latin America generally may result in a reduction in passenger traffic, which could materially and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Latin American countries have experienced periods of adverse macroeconomic conditions.
The business is dependent upon economic conditions prevalent in Latin America. Latin American countries have historically experienced economic instability, including uneven periods of economic growth as well as significant downturns. High interest, inflation (in some cases substantial and prolonged), and unemployment rates generally characterize each economy. Because commodities such as agricultural products, minerals, and metals represent a significant percentage of exports of many Latin American countries, the economies of those countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. Investments in the region may also be subject to currency risks, such as restrictions on the flow of money in and out of the country, extreme volatility relative to the U.S. dollar, and devaluation.
For example, in the past, Peru has experienced periods of severe economic recession, currency devaluation, high inflation, and political instability, which have led to adverse economic consequences. We cannot assure you that Peru will not experience similar adverse developments in the future even though for some years now, several democratic procedures have been completed without any violence. We cannot assure you that the current or any future administration will maintain business-friendly and open-market economic policies or policies that stimulate economic growth and social stability. In Brazil, the Brazil Real GDP decreased 3.5% in 2015, decreased 3.3% in 2016, increased 1.3% in 2017 and 2018 and increased 1.1% in 2019, according to the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estadística, or “IGBE”). In addition, the credit rating of the Brazilian federal government was downgraded in 2015 and 2016 by all major credit rating agencies and is no longer investment grade. We can offer no assurances as to the policies that may be implemented by the recently elected Argentine administration, or that political developments in Argentina will not adversely affect the Argentine economy.
Accordingly, any changes in the economies of the Latin American countries in which LATAM and its affiliates operate or the governments’ economic policies may have a negative effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Relating to our Common Shares and ADSs
Because our post-bankruptcy capital structure is yet to be determined, and any changes to our capital structure may have a material adverse effect on holders of the ADSs or our shares, trading in the ADSs or our shares during the pendency of our Chapter 11 proceedings is highly speculative and poses substantial risks.
Our post-bankruptcy capital structure will be set pursuant to a reorganization plan that requires approval by the bankruptcy court. The reorganization of our capital structure may include exchanges of new equity securities for existing equity securities or of debt securities for equity securities, which would dilute any value of our existing equity securities, or may provide for all existing equity interests in us to be extinguished. In this case, amounts invested by holders of the ADSs or our shares will not be recoverable and these securities will have no value.
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As a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings, on June 10, 2020, the NYSE notified the SEC of its intention to remove the ADSs from listing and registration on the NYSE, effective at the opening of business on June 22, 2020. As of the date of this annual report, the ADSs are traded in the over-the-counter market, which is a less liquid market. There can be no assurance that the ADSs will continue to trade in the over-the-counter market or that any public market for the ADSs will exist in the future, whether broker-dealers will continue to provide public quotes of the ADSs, whether the trading volume of the ADSs will be sufficient to provide for an efficient trading market, whether quotes for the ADSs may be blocked in the future or that we will be able to relist the ADSs on a securities exchange.
Trading prices of the ADSs or our shares bear no relationship to the actual recovery, if any, by their holders in the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings. Additionally, trading prices of ADSs or our shares may experience significant fluctuation and volatility. Due to these and other risks described in this annual report, trading in the ADSs or our shares during the pendency of our Chapter 11 proceedings poses substantial risks and we urge extreme caution with respect to existing and future investments in these securities.
Our major shareholders may have interests that differ from those of our other shareholders.
One of the major shareholder groups, the Cueto Group (the “Cueto Group”), beneficially owned 16.39% of our common shares as of February 28, 2021. The Amaro Group (the “Amaro Group”), as of February 28, 2021, held 6.40 % of LATAM shares through TEP Chile and TEP Aeronáutica S.A. Previously, the Amaro Group held a 21.88% stake in Costa Verde Aeronáutica S.A., the main legal vehicle through which the Cueto Group holds its LATAM shares, which included 4.42% of the 6.40% LATAM shares held by the Amaro Group. On December 28, 2020, however, TEP Aeronáutica S.A. was created through a demerger of Costa Verde Aeronáutica S.A., and the Amaro Group’s interest in Costa Verde Aeronáutica S.A. transferred to the new company, wholly-owned by the Amaro Group, and which as of February 28, 2021, held 4.42% of the LATAM Shares. Pursuant to an existing shareholders’ agreement, the Cueto Group and the Amaro Group have agreed to use their good faith efforts to reach an agreement and act jointly on all actions to be taken by our board of directors or shareholders’ meeting, and if unable to reach to such agreement, to follow the proposals made by our board of directors. Decisions by the Company that require supermajority votes under Chilean law are subject to voting arrangements by the Cueto Group and the Amaro Group. In addition, other shareholders including, Delta Air Lines, Inc, which, as of February 28, 2021, held 20.00% of our common shares, and Qatar Airways Investments (UK) Ltd., which as of February 28, 2021, held 9.999999918% of our common shares, could have interests that may differ from those of our other shareholders. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—A. Major Shareholders.”
Under the terms of the deposit agreement governing the ADSs, if holders of ADSs do not provide JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., in its capacity as depositary for the ADSs, with timely instructions on the voting of the common shares underlying their ADRs, the depositary will be deemed to have been instructed to give a person designated by the board of directors the discretionary right to vote those common shares. The person designated by the board of directors to exercise this discretionary voting right may have interests that are aligned with our majority shareholders, which may differ from those of our other shareholders. Historically, our board of directors has designated its chairman to exercise this right; for example, the members of the board of directors elected by the shareholders in 2020 designated Mr. Ignacio Cueto, to serve in this role.
Trading of our ADSs and common shares in the securities markets is limited and could experience further illiquidity and price volatility.
Our common shares are listed on the two Chilean stock exchanges. Chilean securities markets are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than major securities markets in the United States. In addition, Chilean securities markets may be materially affected by developments in other emerging markets, particularly other countries in Latin America. Accordingly, although you are entitled to withdraw the common shares underlying the ADSs from the depositary at any time, your ability to sell the common shares underlying ADSs in the amount and at the price and time of your choice may be substantially limited. This limited trading market may also increase the price volatility of the ADSs or the common shares underlying the ADSs.
Holders of ADRs may be adversely affected by currency devaluations and foreign exchange fluctuations.
If the Chilean peso exchange rate falls relative to the U.S. dollar, the value of the ADSs and any distributions made thereon from the depositary could be adversely affected. Cash distributions made in respect of the ADSs are received by the depositary (represented by the custodian bank in Chile) in pesos, converted by the custodian bank into U.S. dollars at the then-prevailing exchange rate and distributed by the depositary to the holders of the ADRs evidencing those ADSs. In addition, the depositary will incur foreign currency conversion costs (to be borne by the holders of the ADRs) in connection with the foreign currency conversion and subsequent distribution of dividends or other payments with respect to the ADSs.
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Future changes in Chilean foreign investment controls and withholding taxes could negatively affect non-Chilean residents that invest in our shares.
Equity investments in Chile by non-Chilean residents have been subject in the past to various exchange control regulations that govern investment repatriation and earnings thereon. Although not currently in effect, regulations of the Central Bank of Chile have in the past imposed such exchange controls. Nevertheless, foreign investors still have to provide the Central Bank with information related to equity investments and must conduct such operations within the formal exchange market. Furthermore, any changes in withholding taxes could negatively affect non-Chilean residents that invest in our shares.
We cannot assure you that additional Chilean restrictions applicable to the holders of ADRs, the disposition of the common shares underlying ADSs or the repatriation of the proceeds from an acquisition, a disposition or a dividend payment, will not be imposed or required in the future, nor could we make an assessment as to the duration or impact, were any such restrictions to be imposed or required. For further information, see “Item 10. Additional Information—D. Exchange Controls—Foreign Investment and Exchange Controls in Chile.”
Our ADS holders may not be able to exercise preemptive rights in certain circumstances.
As described further in “Item 10. Additional Information—Preemptive Rights and Increases in Share Capital,” to the extent that a holder of our ADSs is unable to exercise its preemptive rights because a registration statement has not been filed, the depositary will attempt to sell the holder’s preemptive rights and distribute the net proceeds of the sale, net of the depositary’s fees and expenses, to the holder, provided that a secondary market for those rights exists and a premium can be recognized over the cost of the sale. A secondary market for the sale of preemptive rights can be expected to develop if the subscription price of the shares of our common stock upon exercise of the rights is below the prevailing market price of the shares of our common stock. However, we cannot assure you that a secondary market in preemptive rights will develop in connection with any future issuance of shares of our common stock or that if a market develops, a premium can be recognized on their sale. Amounts received in exchange for the sale or assignment of preemptive rights relating to shares of our common stock will be taxable in Chile and in the United States. See “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—Chilean Tax—Capital Gains.” As described further in “Item 10. Additional Information—Preemptive Rights and Increases in Share Capital,” the inability of holders of ADSs to exercise preemptive rights in respect of common shares underlying their ADSs could result in a change in their percentage ownership of common shares following a preemptive rights offering. If a secondary market for the sale of preemptive rights does not develop and such rights cannot be sold, they will expire and a holder of our ADSs will not realize any value from the grant of the preemptive rights. In either case, the equity interest of a holder of our ADSs in us will be diluted proportionately.
We are not required to disclose as much information to investors as a U.S. issuer is required to disclose and, as a result, you may receive less information about us than you would receive from a comparable U.S. company.
The corporate disclosure requirements that apply to us may not be equivalent to the disclosure requirements that apply to a U.S. company and, as a result, you may receive less information about us than you would receive from a comparable U.S. company. We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The disclosure requirements applicable to foreign issuers under the Exchange Act are more limited than the disclosure requirements applicable to U.S. issuers. Publicly available information about issuers of securities listed on Chilean stock exchanges also provides less detail in certain respects than the information regularly published by listed companies in the United States or in certain other countries. Furthermore, there is a lower level of regulation of the Chilean securities market and of the activities of investors in such markets as compared with the level of regulation of the securities markets in the United States and in certain other developed countries. For further information, see “Item 16. Reserved—G. Corporate Governance.”
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ITEM 4. | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY |
A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY
General
LATAM Airlines Group is a Chilean-based airline holding company formed through the business combination of LAN Airlines S.A. of Chile and TAM of Brazil in 2012. Following the combination, LAN Airlines S.A. became “LATAM Airlines Group S.A.” and TAM S.A. continues to exist as a subsidiary of LATAM. The Company is primarily involved in the transportation of passengers and cargo and operates as one unified business enterprise. During 2016, we began the transition of unifying LAN and TAM into a single brand: LATAM.
LATAM’s airline holdings include LATAM and its affiliates in Chile, Peru, Argentina, Colombia and Ecuador, and LATAM Cargo and its affiliate LANCO (in Colombia), as well as TAM S.A. and its affiliates LATAM Airlines Brazil, LATAM Airlines Paraguay, ABSA and Multiplus S.A. (“Multiplus”). LATAM Airlines Group is a publicly traded corporation listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange (“SSE”), and the Chilean Electronic Exchange and its ADSs currently trade in the over-the-counter market with a market capitalization of US$1.13 billion as of February 28, 2021.
LATAM’s history goes back to 1929, when the Chilean government founded LAN. In 1989, the Chilean government sold 51.0% of LAN’s capital stock to Chilean investors and to the Scandinavian Airlines System. In 1994, the Cueto Group, one of LATAM’s major shareholders, together with other major shareholders, acquired 98.7% of LAN’s stock, including the remaining shares then held by the Chilean government. In 1997, LAN became the first Latin American airline to list its shares (which trade in the form of ADSs) on the New York Stock Exchange.
Over the past decade, LATAM has significantly expanded its operations in Latin America, initiating services in Peru in 1999, Argentina in 2005, Ecuador in 2009, and Colombia in 2010. The business combination of LAN and TAM in June 2012 further expanded the Company’s operations in Brazil, where TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. (“TLA” or “LATAM Airlines Brazil”), the TAM operating entity, is a leading domestic and international airline offering flights throughout Brazil with a strong domestic market share, international passenger services and significant cargo operations. TAM was founded in May 1997 (under the name Companhia de Investimentos em Transportes), for the purpose of participating in, managing and consolidating shareholdings in airlines. In September 2002, TAM’s name was changed to TAM S.A. and its shares were listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (“Bovespa”) in June 2005. From 2006 until the combination with LAN in 2012, TAM ADSs were also listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”).
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its profound impact on worldwide travel and our operations, on May 26, 2020 LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and 28 affiliates filed their petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, with the Bankruptcy Court. On July 7, 2020 and July 9, 2020 nine additional affiliates of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. filed their petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Bankruptcy Court. Additional parallel and ancillary proceedings were filed in the Cayman Islands, Colombia, Perú and Chile. In June 2020, LATAM Airlines Argentina announced its indefinite cessation of passenger and cargo operations.
Our principal executive offices are located at Presidente Riesco 5711, 20th floor, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile and our general telephone number at this location is (56-2) 2565-2525. We have designated LATAM Airlines Group as our agent in the United States, located at 970 South Dixie Highway, Miami, Florida 33156. Our Investor Relations website address is www.latamairlinesgroup.net. Information obtained on, or accessible through, this website is not incorporated by reference herein and shall not be considered part of this annual report. For more information, contact Andrés del Valle, Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance and Investor Relations, at InvestorRelations@latam.com.
The SEC maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Capital Expenditures
For a description of our capital expenditures, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Expenditures.”
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B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW
General
LATAM is the largest passenger airline group in South America. We are also one of the largest airline groups in the world in terms of network connections, as of December 31, 2020, providing passenger transport services to 111 destinations in 16 countries and cargo services to approximately 117 destinations in 20 countries, with an operating fleet of 300 aircraft and a set of bilateral alliances. In total, LATAM Airlines Group has approximately 28,400 employees.
For the year 2020, LATAM transported approximately 28 million passengers, a decrease from prior years due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on worldwide travel. LATAM Airlines Group and its affiliates currently provide domestic services in Brazil, Chile, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador (the Group suspended its operations in Argentina in June 2020); and also provide intra-regional and long-haul operations. The cargo affiliate carriers of LATAM in Chile, Brazil, and Colombia carry out cargo operations through the use of belly space on the passenger flights and dedicated cargo operations using freight aircraft. The group also offers other services, such as ground handling, courier, logistics and maintenance.
As of December 31, 2020, the group provided scheduled passenger service to 12 destinations in Chile, 19 destinations in Peru, 7 destinations in Ecuador, 12 destinations in Colombia, 44 destinations in Brazil, eight destinations in other Latin American countries and the Caribbean, 5 destinations in North America, and 4 destinations in Europe, a decrease from last year due to impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations.
In addition, as of December 31, 2020, through various code-sharing agreements, the group offers service to 72 destinations in North America, 52 destinations in Europe, 17 destinations in Australasia, 21 destinations in Asia and 8 destinations in Africa.
Competitive Strengths
Our strategy is to maintain LATAM Airlines Group’s position as the leading airline in South America by leveraging our unique position in the airline industry. LATAM Airlines Group is the only airline group in the region with a domestic presence in five markets, as well as intra-regional and long-haul operations to three continents. As a result, the Company has geographical diversity and operational flexibility, as well as a proven track record of acting quickly to adapt its business to economic challenges. Moreover, LATAM’s unique leadership position in a region with growth potential and the focus on our existing competitive strengths, will allow us to continue building our business model and fuel our future growth, ensuring LATAM’s long term sustainability. We believe our most important competitive strengths are:
Leader in the South America Airlines Space, with a Unique Leadership Position among Global Airlines
Through a successful regional expansion strategy, LATAM Airlines Group has become the leading international and domestic passenger airline group in South America. LATAM and its affiliates have domestic passenger operations in Chile, Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. We are also the largest operator of intra-regional routes, connecting the main cities and also some secondary cities in South America. Furthermore, through our significant presence in the largest hubs in South America—Lima and São Paulo—we are able to offer the best connectivity options between South America and the rest of the world.
Geographically Diversified Revenue Base, including both Passenger and Cargo Operations
Our operations are highly geographically diversified, including domestic operations in five different countries, as well as operations within South America and connecting South America with various international destinations. We believe this provides resilience to external shocks that may occur in any particular market. Furthermore, we believe that one of our distinct competitive advantages is our ability to profitably integrate our scheduled passenger and cargo operations. We take into account potential cargo services when planning passenger routes, and also serve certain dedicated cargo routes using our freighter aircraft when needed. By adding cargo revenues to our existing passenger service, we are able to increase the productivity of our assets and maximize revenue, reducing our break-even load factors and enhancing our per flight profitability. Additionally, this revenue diversification helps offset seasonal revenue fluctuations and reduces the volatility of the business over time. For the year ended December 31, 2020, passenger, cargo and other revenues accounted for 50.8%, 39.5% and 9.7% of total revenues respectively.
Modern Fleet and Optimized Fleet Strategy
The average age of the fleet is approximately ten years, making it one of the most modern in Latin America and in the world. A younger fleet makes the group more cost competitive because it reduces fuel consumption and maintenance costs, and enables LATAM to enjoy a high degree of performance reliability. In addition, a modern and fuel-efficient fleet reflects a strong commitment to the environment as new aircraft incorporate the industry’s latest technology, allowing for a substantial reduction in emissions, and also in noise levels.
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LATAM selects aircraft based on their ability to effectively and efficiently serve the short- and long-haul flight needs, while still striving to minimize the number of different aircraft types the group operates.
The Company’s fleet plan as of December 31, 2020, includes a short-haul fleet formed exclusively by aircraft from the A320 family, with a focus on the A321 and A320neo, a re-engined A320 that the Company received for the first time in 2016, becoming the first airline in Latin America to fly this model. For long-haul passenger flights, the group operates Boeing 767-300ER, the Boeing 787-8, the Boeing 787-9, the, the Boeing 777-300ER and the Airbus A350-900 which started operations in 2016. The Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 models allow us to achieve important savings in fuel consumption, while incorporating modern technology to deliver the best travel experience for our passengers. For cargo flights, the group operates Boeing 767-300F aircraft.
In connection with our Chapter 11 proceedings, we are evaluating the adequate fleet needs and right-sizing our fleet for the coming years. During bankruptcy, the Company has rejected 31 aircraft, agreed on stipulations with its lessors for more favorable rent terms, and negotiated lease amendments and new lease agreements.
Strong Brand Teamed with Key Global Strategic Alliances
In May 2016, our new brand, LATAM, was officially launched. We believe that our new brand is associated with superior service and technologically advanced operations, and is well recognized and respected in the markets in which the group operates. In 2020, despite challenging global conditions, LATAM received first place in punctuality in the global category, according to the annual On-Time Performance (OTP) report compiled by Cirium, and first place of the ranking “Punctuality List 2020” compiled by the Official Airline Guide (OAG). In addition, LATAM Airlines Group was recognized as the ‘Best Airline in South America’ in Skytrax World Airline Awards. Furthermore, LATAM was awarded “Best Cabin Service in South America” and “Best Inflight Entertainment in South America” in the APEX Passenger Choice Awards and was recognized by APEX as “Best Global Airline of South America.”
Our strategic global alliances and existing commercial agreements provide our customers with access to more destinations worldwide, a combined reservations system, itinerary flexibility and various other benefits, which substantially enhance our competitive position within the Latin American market.
In 2020, LATAM entered into a Trans-American Joint Venture Agreement with Delta Air Lines Inc, following the framework agreement signed in 2019, which we expect to unlock new growth opportunities, building upon Delta’s and LATAM’s global footprint. For more information on the framework agreement see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Passenger Alliances and Commercial Agreements.”
Recognized Loyalty Program
Our frequent flyer program, LATAM Pass, is the leading frequent flyer program in South America, with strong participation rates and brand recognition by our customers. Customers in the program earn miles and points based on the price paid for the ticket, class of ticket purchased, and elite level, as well as by using the services of outside partners in the program. We believe that our program is attractive to customers because it does not impose restrictions on those flights for which points can be redeemed, or limit the number of seats available on any particular flight to members using the loyalty program. LATAM Pass members can also accrue and redeem points for flights on other airlines with whom we have bilateral commercial agreements.
Business Strategy
Our mission is to connect people safely, with operational excellence and a personal touch, seeking to become one of the most admired airline groups in the world. In order to achieve our mission, the principal areas on which we plan to focus our efforts going forward are as follows:
Continually Strengthen Our Network
We intend to continue to strengthen our route network in South America, offering the best connectivity within the region at competitive prices and ensuring that we are the most convenient option for our passengers. We believe that we are the only airline group in the world with a local presence in five home markets and an international and intra-regional operation. This position is bolstered by our enhanced infrastructure in several of our key hubs, allowing us to further strengthen our network. We intend to leverage our position to create a leading portfolio of services and destinations, providing more options to our passengers and building a platform to support continued growth.
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Enhance Brand Leadership and Customer Experience
We will always seek to be the preferred choice of passengers in South America. Our efforts are supported by a differentiated passenger experience and our leveraging of mobile digital technologies. We continue working on the implementation of our single, unified brand, culture, product and value proposition for our passengers. Additionally, we are focused on the evolution of LATAM’s E-business strategy, including applications to achieve ancillary revenues and improving the management of contingencies, so that we are able to provide information and solutions to our customers in a timely and transparent manner. We continually assess opportunities to incorporate service improvements in order to respond effectively to our customers’ needs.
Improving Efficiency and Cost Competitiveness
We are continually working to maintain a competitive cost structure and further improve our efficiency, simplify our organization and increase flexibility and speed in decision-making. Cost savings include reductions in fuel and fees, procurement, operations, overhead and distribution costs, among others, as well as the implementation of a customized service offering in domestic and international markets. In 2020 and in the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings, we worked to reduce and variabilize fixed costs, specifically related to fleet costs and wages and benefits.
Organizational Strength
We aspire to be a group of passionate people, working in a simple and aligned manner, with inspiring leaders making agile decisions. This will allow us to deliver a distinctive value proposition to our customers and operate sustainably over the long term.
Proactive Risk Management
We strive to have a holistic and responsible view of risk in decision-making. We put special focus on risks that have high potential impact and low probability of occurrence, which could significantly affect LATAM’s strategic objectives.
COVID-19 Effects
As government-imposed travel restrictions loosened throughout the year, LATAM gradually restarted its operation and closed the year with 38.3% of ASKs compared to December of the previous year. LATAM Cargo played a key role during 2020 in terms of supporting the communities in which LATAM operates by transporting medical supplies, face masks, COVID-19 rapid tests, medicine and ventilators to the region from all over the world. One milestone in 2020 was LATAM Cargo’s first flight to China, and thereafter the completion of 86 flights in total from China to the region, to bring medical supplies.
Since our cargo operation transports the majority of goods in the bellies of our passenger aircraft, complementing the 12 dedicated cargo freighters, the worldwide decline in air travel led to a drastic decline in cargo capacity. Therefore, cargo operated many passenger planes adapted for cargo in order to compensate the capacity reduction and continue to support companies and industries that depend on the network to sustain their own business operations, including, for example, the Chilean salmon industry. In 2019, cargo revenues represented approximately 10% of LATAM’s revenues and during 2020 this figure increased to 39.5% of our total revenues.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company implemented numerous changes to its operations related to aircraft sanitation, changes in boarding and disembarking procedures, making the use of face masks mandatory for passengers and crew, installation of HEPA filters in cabin ventilation systems in all of the group’s aircraft, among others, all of the foregoing in accordance with the recommendations of international organizations such as the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the WHO, and local governments. This has resulted in a substantial increase in our operating costs as well as an increase in the turnaround time between flights. LATAM has also modified its commercial policies and has implemented a series of measures to alleviate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its passengers, including refunds and changes of tickets.
For more information regarding the economic impact of the pandemic on our operations, see “Item 4. Information of the Company—B. Business Overview—Passenger Operations—Passenger Marketing and Sales” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Airline Industry and the Countries in Which the Group Operates—A pandemic or the widespread outbreak of contagious illnesses can have a material adverse effect on the business and results of operations.”
Suspension of Operations of LATAM Airlines Argentina
On June 17, 2020, LATAM Airlines Argentina announced an indefinite cessation of its domestic passenger and cargo operations as a result of current local industry conditions, which were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The international operations from Argentina to Brazil, Chile, Peru and the United States will continue to be served by other LATAM Airlines Group affiliates.
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Chapter 11 Proceedings
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its profound impact on worldwide travel and our operations, the Debtors filed their petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Bankruptcy Court. LATAM also filed parallel and ancillary proceedings, which are intended to extend the relief provided for by the Bankruptcy Code to various local jurisdictions and help effectuate a global restructuring. The Bankruptcy Court and foreign courts have agreed to a cross-border communications protocol to facilitate the administration of the cases across jurisdictions.
Under the Bankruptcy Code, the Debtors have the right to assume, amend and assume, or reject certain contracts, subject to the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and certain other conditions. Generally, the assumption of a contract requires a debtor to satisfy pre-petition obligations under the contract, which may include payment of pre-petition liabilities in whole or in part. Rejection of a contract is typically treated as a breach occurring as of the moment immediately preceding the Chapter 11 filing. Subject to certain exceptions, this rejection relieves the debtor from performing its future obligations under the contract but entitles the counterparty to assert a pre-petition general unsecured claim for damages. Parties to contracts rejected by a debtor may file proofs of claim against that debtor’s estate for damages.
First Day Relief
Upon the commencement of our Chapter 11 proceedings, the Initial Debtors filed numerous motions seeking the relief provided by certain first day orders (the “First Day Orders”) intended to ensure a seamless transition between a Debtor’s prepetition and post-petition business operations. The First Day Orders approve certain normal business conduct that may not be specifically authorized under the Bankruptcy Code or as to which the Bankruptcy Code requires prior approval by the Bankruptcy Court. The First Day Orders authorized the Initial Debtors to, among other things (i) continue to pay critical and foreign vendors and service providers; (ii) continue to use the Initial Debtors’ cash management system and to make and receive intercompany loans; (iii) pay certain prepetition employee wages, reimbursable expenses, and benefits; (iv) permission to continue entering into certain derivative and hedging contracts in the ordinary course of business; (v) authorizing the Initial Debtors to pay certain prepetition amounts owed to fuel supply parties and to continue performing under such fuel supply arrangements; (vi) authorizing but not directing the Initial Debtors to assume certain critical airline contracts; and (vii) pay for goods and services ordered pre-petition but delivered post-petition.
The Initial Debtors later filed motions seeking additional relief (the “Second Day Orders”). The Second Day Orders included a motion to authorize rejection procedures for executory contracts and non-aircraft leases, a motion to authorize de minimize claims and judgment procedures and a motion to authorize additional payments to employees for wages, severance and other compensation. The Second Day Orders also authorized the Initial Debtors to retain, as of the Petition Date, various professionals and advisors to assist the Initial Debtors during the Chapter 11 proceedings.
Upon commencement of the Subsequent Debtors’ Chapter 11 proceedings, the Subsequent Debtors filed a motion seeking for certain orders in the Initial Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases be made applicable to the Subsequent Debtors (the “Bringdown Motion”).
Appointment of the Creditors’ Committee
On June 5, 2020, the U.S. Trustee appointed an official committee of unsecured creditors (the “Creditors’ Committee”) in the Initial Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases. The Committee consists of (1) Bank of New York Mellon, as Indenture Trustee, (2) Compañía de Seguros de Vida Consorcio Nacional de Seguros S.A., (3) AerCap Holdings, N.V., (4) Aircastle Limited, (5) Sindicato de Empresa de Pilotos, (6) Lufthansa Technik Aktiengesellschaft and (7) Repsol, S.A. On June 12, 2020, Compañía de Seguros de Vida Consorcio Nacional de Seguros S.A. resigned from the Creditors’ Committee.
Aircraft Stipulations
On the Initial Petition Date, the Initial Debtors sent the First Stipulation and Order Between Debtors and Aircraft Counterparties Concerning Certain Aircraft (the “First Aircraft Stipulation”) to the majority of its financial and operating lessors. On the Subsequent Petition Date, the Subsequent Debtors did the same with their financial and operating lease counterparties. The First Aircraft Stipulation was essentially a standstill agreement to provide the Debtors with the necessary additional time to consider its fleet strategy. The terms of the First Aircraft Stipulation provided a temporary reprieve from immediate economic obligations that otherwise would have made continued leasing burdensome, while giving certain protections to the counterparties. The majority of the First Aircraft Stipulations were signed by the Bankruptcy Court between June and August 2020. LATAM and its lessors have since negotiated the Second Stipulation and Order Between Debtors and Aircraft Counterparties Concerning Certain Aircraft (the “Second Aircraft Stipulation”), which supersedes the First Aircraft Stipulation and provides for similar relief and protections. The Bankruptcy Court signed the majority of the Second Aircraft Stipulations in January and February 2021.
The Debtors continue to undertake a review of their existing fleet to develop and determine their fleet strategy to account both for current circumstances and expected future needs and larger business considerations. To that end, to this date, the Debtors have rejected 31 aircraft leases from the Initial Petition Date. The Debtors have also sought to enter into new lease agreements or otherwise amend their existing lease agreements. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Fleet.”
Debtor-in-Possession Financing
In connection with our Chapter 11 proceedings, the Bankruptcy Court approved our debtor-in-possession financing agreement on September 19, 2020, providing the group with access to US$2.45 billion for working capital and other purposes approved by the Bankruptcy Court.
The terms of the approved financing include three tranches: Tranche A for a principal amount of up to US$1.3 billion, a potential Tranche B for up to an additional amount of US$750 million, which would be subject to further authorization of the Bankruptcy Court and other conditions customary for this type of transactions, and a Tranche C for a principal amount of up to US$1.15 billion.
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On October 8, 2020, the company made the first draw of US$1.15 billion under the DIP financing, representing 50% of the total funds available as of that date (prior to the commitment of US$150 million from the Toesca Deuda Privada DIP LATAM fund). The draw consisted of US$650 million from Tranche A and US$500 million from Tranche C.
Current LATAM shareholders, Qatar Airways, the Cueto Group and the Eblen Group, participated in Tranche C of the DIP financing agreement committing a total of US$750 million.
Claims Reconciliation Process
Currently, the Debtors have the exclusive right to file a chapter 11 plan through June 30, 2020 though additional extensions may be sought.
On September 24, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order (the “Bar Date Order”) establishing December 18, 2020 at 4:00 p.m., prevailing Eastern Time as the last date and time for each person or entity to file proofs of claim based on prepetition Claims or on section 503(b)(9) of the Bankruptcy Code. Additionally, the Bar Date Order establishes separate Bar Dates for Claims arising from Debtors’ rejection of executory contracts and unexpired leases and Claims that Debtors have amended in Debtors’ Schedules (collectively, the “Bar Dates”). Establishing the Bar Dates is the first step in the claims reconciliation process, which will eventually lead to formulation of the chapter 11 plan of reorganization. The Debtors are evaluating the claims that have been filed and have already objected to a number of the claims.
For more information regarding our Chapter 11 proceedings, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Chapter 11 Proceedings.”
Recent Chapter 11 Developments
Recapitalization Motions
On November 20, 2020 and December 20, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered two orders approving the recapitalization of certain Debtors. The recapitalizations were a series of intercompany transactions involving the contribution of equity and the capitalization of certain intercompany accounts receivable that prevented Debtors LATAM Airlines Peru and LATAM-Airlines Ecuador from suffering dissolution events under local law related to net equity falling below a certain threshold of paid-in capital stock. The transactions with respect to LATAM Airlines Peru also prevent the potential violation of a provision of Peruvian law, which requires operating airlines to have at least 30% of their equity held by Peruvian persons or corporations.
Lease and Contract Assumptions and Rejections
The Debtors continue to analyze their leases and contracts in order to best match the future needs of the Debtors’ businesses. Outside of the Debtors’ fleet, through the Bankruptcy Court the Debtors have rejected 48 executory contracts or nonresidential real property leases. The Debtors have also assumed key contracts for their business needs, including assuming contracts with various airports including Miami International Airport, John F. Kennedy International Airport and Los Angeles International Airport for critical office and storage space. The Group is currently negotiating amendments and new lease agreements to its fleet.
Claims Reconciliation Process
As of February 28, 2021, approximately 6,000 proofs of claim had been filed against the Debtors.
The Debtors and their professionals have started the process of reconciling the amount and classification of the claims submitted in the Chapter 11 Cases. Additionally, the Debtors have begun to make non-substantive objections to certain claims through the Bankruptcy Court in order to ensure the claims register accurately reflects the Debtors’ obligations. To date, the Debtors have expunged, reclassified, and reduced claims through orders of the Bankruptcy Court. The Debtors have satisfied claims in part or in full. The Debtors also have resolved claims through joint stipulations and/or other consensual resolutions. The Debtors expect to continue preparing, filing and resolving objections to claims throughout the course of the Chapter 11 cases.
Nonetheless, a significant number of claims have not yet been resolved, additional claims could be filed and the actual ultimate aggregate amount of allowed claims may differ significantly from the amounts used for the purposes of the Debtors’ estimates. The Debtors continue to investigate differences between the claim amounts filed by Creditors and claim amounts determined by the Debtors. Certain claims filed may be duplicative (particularly given the multiple jurisdictions), may be based on contingencies that have not occurred, or may be otherwise overstated, and would therefore be subject to revision or disallowance. The Debtors intend to file a schedule of claims that will become disputed claims for the purposes of distributions and will remain subject to future potential objection.
Claims Motions
The Debtors have filed 18 omnibus claims objections over the course of these the Chapter 11 proceedings, and the Bankruptcy Court has granted the relief sought in approximately half of the motions.
Airline Operations and Route Network
The following tables set forth our operating revenues by activity and point of sale for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
(in US$ millions) | ||||||||||||
Total passenger revenues | 2,713.8 | 9,005.6 | 8,709.0 | |||||||||
Total cargo revenues | 1,209.9 | 1,064.4 | 1,186.5 | |||||||||
Total traffic revenues | 3,923.6 | 10,070.1 | 9,895.4 |
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Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
(in US$ millions) | ||||||||||||
Peru | 297.5 | 802.0 | 705.1 | |||||||||
Argentina | 172.2 | 585.0 | 989.9 | |||||||||
United States | 505.1 | 1,004.2 | 985.9 | |||||||||
Europe | 338.6 | 726.2 | 782.2 | |||||||||
Colombia | 177.0 | 380.4 | 372.8 | |||||||||
Brazil | 1,304.0 | 3,949.8 | 3,433.9 | |||||||||
Ecuador | 112.6 | 203.3 | 203.8 | |||||||||
Chile | 638.2 | 1,547.0 | 1,591.3 | |||||||||
Asia Pacific and rest of Latin America | 378.4 | 872.2 | 830.5 | |||||||||
Total Operating Revenues | 3,923.6 | 10,070.1 | 9,895.4 |
Passenger Operations
General
As of December 31, 2020, our passenger operations were performed through airlines in Chile, Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador, where the group operates both domestic and international services. We collect and report operating data for our passenger operations in three categories: international (connecting more than one country), Domestic operations in Spanish speaking countries or “SSC” (including Chile, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador), and Domestic Brazil (entirely within Brazil).
The following table sets forth certain of our passenger operating data for international and domestic routes for the periods indicated:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ASKs (million) (at period end) | ||||||||||||
International | 23,883.3 | 81,332.3 | 81,059.5 | |||||||||
SSC | 10,974.5 | 27,337.2 | 24,664.0 | |||||||||
Domestic Brazil | 20,830.2 | 40,442.3 | 37,541.2 | |||||||||
Total | 55,688.0 | 149,111.8 | 143,264.7 | |||||||||
RPKs (million) | ||||||||||||
International | 17,620.4 | 69,065.4 | 68,365.3 | |||||||||
SSC | 8,346.3 | 22,092.7 | 20,220.6 | |||||||||
Domestic Brazil | 16,657.8 | 33,363.0 | 30,491.5 | |||||||||
Total | 42,624.5 | 124,521.1 | 119,077.4 | |||||||||
Passengers (thousands) | ||||||||||||
International | 4,016 | 16,186 | 16,456 | |||||||||
SSC | 9,822 | 26,619 | 23,928 | |||||||||
Domestic Brazil | 14,461 | 31,384 | 28,422 | |||||||||
Total | 28,299 | 74,189 | 68,806 | |||||||||
Passenger RASK (passenger revenues/ASK, in US cents) | ||||||||||||
International(1) | n.a | US¢5.8 | US¢6.1 | |||||||||
SSC(1) | n.a | US¢6.5 | US¢7.1 | |||||||||
Domestic Brazil(1) | n.a | US¢6.9 | US¢6.3 | |||||||||
Combined Passenger RASK(2) | n.a | US¢6.0 | US¢6.1 | |||||||||
Passenger load factor (%) | ||||||||||||
International | 73.8 | % | 84.9 | % | 84.3 | % | ||||||
SSC | 76.1 | % | 80.8 | % | 82.0 | % | ||||||
Domestic Brazil | 80.0 | % | 82.5 | % | 81.2 | % | ||||||
Combined load factor | 76.5 | % | 83.5 | % | 83.1 | % |
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(1) | RASK information for each of our business units is provided because LATAM believes that it is useful information to understand trends in each of our operations. We use our revenues as defined under IFRS to calculate this metric. The revenues per business unit include ticket revenue, breakage, excess baggage fee, frequent flyer program revenues and other revenues. These operating measures may differ from similarly titled measures reported by other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance in accordance with IFRS. This unaudited operating data is not included in or derived from LATAM’s financial statements. |
(2) | The combined Passenger RASK for LATAM is calculated by dividing passenger revenues by total passenger ASKs. |
International Passenger Operations
Our international network includes the international operations of our Chilean, Peruvian, Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian affiliates. LATAM Airlines Group and its affiliates have operated international services out of Chile since 1946 and have since greatly expanded international services, offering flights out of Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Colombia and Brazil. As of December 31, 2020, LATAM offers 34 international destinations in 20 countries, in addition to our domestic destinations and international flights and connections between our domestic destinations.
The general strategy to expand our international network is aimed at enhancing our value proposition by offering customers more destinations and routing alternatives. Sustained development of LATAM’s international network is a crucial factor in the long-term strategy. The group provides long-haul services out of Santiago, Lima, Guayaquil, Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The group also provides regional services from Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Colombia and Brazil.
As part of our mission, LATAM seeks to promote tourism to South America. Due to our large network of services, visitors from around the world can experience world-renowned destinations such as Cusco, Easter Island, the Galapagos Islands, Iguazu Falls in Brazil, and Patagonia in Chile, including the cities of Punta Arenas and Puerto Natales.
Market Share Information
The following table presents air passenger traffic information for international flights (including intra-regional flights) and LATAM’s market share in each geographic market in which the group operates:
LATAM passenger figures % variation | LATAM’s Market Share | |||||||||||||||
Country | 2020-2019 | 2020 | 2019 | % variation | ||||||||||||
Brazil(1) | -75.2 | % | 21.5 | % | 26.6 | % | -5.1 p.p. | |||||||||
Chile(2) | -76.4 | % | 47.9 | % | 52.6 | % | -6.6 p.p. | |||||||||
Peru(3) | -73.1 | % | 46.0 | % | 42.9 | % | +3.1 p.p. | |||||||||
Colombia(4) | -83.2 | % | 4.8 | % | 5.4 | % | -0.6 p.p. | |||||||||
Ecuador(5) | -79.5 | % | 2.6 | % | 11.7 | % | -9.1 p.p. |
(1) | Source: ANAC Brazil’s website. Passenger figures considers passengers carried in 2019 vs 2018. Market share considers passengers carried as of December 2020. |
(2) | Source: JAC Chile’s website. Passenger figures considers passengers carried in 2019 vs 2018. Market share considers passenger carried of December 2020. |
(3) | Source: DGAC Peru’s website. Passenger figures considers passengers carried in 2019 vs 2018. Market share considers number of passengers carried as of November 2020. |
(4) | Source: Diio.net. Passenger figures considers ASK changes in 2019 vs 2018. Market share considers ASKs as of December. |
(5) | Source: Diio.net. Passenger figures considers ASK changes in 2019 vs 2018. Market share considers ASKs as of December. |
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Competitors in international routes
The following table shows LATAM’s main competitors in each geographic market in which it operates:
Country | Route | Competitors | ||
Brazil | North America | American Airlines, United Airlines, Azul Linhas Aereas, Delta Air Lines, Air Canada, Aeromexico and GOL. | ||
Latin America | Copa, GOL, Avianca, Aerolineas Argentinas, Aeromexico, Azul Linhas Aereas, and Sky Airline. | |||
Europe | TAP Portugal, Air France-KLM, IAG, Alitalia, and Lufthansa. | |||
Africa | Ethiopian Airlines, South African Airways, Royal Air Maroc, TAAG Angola Airlines, and Cabo Verde Airlines. | |||
Chile | North America | American Airlines, Air Canada, Delta Air Lines, United Airlines, and Aeromexico. | ||
Latin America | Copa, Sky Airline, Avianca, JetSmart Aeromexico, Gol, and Aerolineas Argentinas. | |||
Europe | IAG, Air France-KLM, and Alitalia. | |||
Pacific | Qantas Airways. | |||
Argentina | North America | American Airlines, Aerolíneas Argentinas, Aeromexico, United Airlines, and Delta Air Lines. | ||
Latin America | Aerolineas Argentinas, Copa, GOL, Avianca, and Azul Linhas Aereas. | |||
Peru | North America | American Airlines, Avianca, Aeromexico, InterJet, United Airlines, Air Canada, Delta Air Lines, JetBlue Airways and Spirit Airlines. | ||
Latin America | Avianca, Copa, Aeromexico, InterJet, JetSMART, and Sky Airline. | |||
Europe | Air France-KLM, IAG, Air Europa, and Plus Ultra. | |||
Colombia | North America | Avianca, InterJet, American Airlines, Spirit Airlines, Aeromexico, JetBlue Airways, United Airlines, Air Canada and Delta Air Lines. | ||
Latin America | Avianca, InterJet, Aeromexico, and Copa. | |||
Ecuador | North America | American Airlines, JetBlue Airways, InterJet, Delta Air Lines, United Airlines, and Spirit Airlines. | ||
Latin America | Avianca, Copa, InterJet, Aeromexico, and GOL | |||
Europe | Air France-KLM, Iberia and Air Europa. |
Source: Diio.net considering ASKs.
Domestic Passenger Operations
As of December 31, 2020, domestic passenger services within Chile, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia were operated by LATAM Airlines Chile, LATAM Airlines Brazil, LATAM Airlines Peru, LATAM Airlines Ecuador and LATAM Airlines Colombia, respectively.
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Business Model for Domestic Operations
In November 2016, the group announced an important project to revamp the business model of our domestic services offerings in the six domestic markets where we operated in South America at that time. The purpose of this change was to increase our competitiveness and ensure the long-term sustainability of our domestic business model. We implemented this new business model in all of our domestic operations, allowing us to provide more competitive fares and contributing to the development of tourism and the growth of air travel per capita in the region. The domestic service model requires continuous cost reduction efforts, and we continue to implement a series of initiatives to reduce cost per ASK in all domestic operations. These efforts are aimed at significantly reducing selling and distribution expenses, increasing fleet utilization and operational productivity and simplifying back-office and support functions, thereby allowing us to expand our operations while controlling fixed costs.
Another key element of this business model is initiatives to increase our ancillary revenues, while allowing passengers to customize their journey. Customers on domestic flights are now able to access a simpler sales platform, which allows them to choose their fare depending on the type of journey they want, and to purchase additional services such as extra luggage, a variety of food and beverage options on board, preferred seating options and the flexibility to change tickets.
In January 2020, LATAM Airlines Group announced that it will introduce its superior cabin class, Premium Economy, in all domestic and international flights within Latin America operated by the Airbus A320 family (A319, A320, A320neo and A321; “short-/medium-haul”) aircraft, starting March 16, 2020. This cabin class offers premium services both at the airport and in-flight, including priority check-in and boarding, VIP lounge access in airports where available, a differentiated onboard service (including complimentary snacks and drinks), an exclusive overhead bin for hand luggage and a blocked-middle seat, providing greater space and privacy.
We continue to develop digital initiatives to empower passengers providing them with an enhanced digital experience with end-to-end control of their reservation. LATAM customers will increasingly be able to buy, check-in and manage the after sale service in a simpler and faster manner through their smartphones.
The following table shows LATAM’s number of destinations, passengers transported, market share and main competitors in each domestic market in which we operate:
Brazil | Chile | Peru | Colombia | Ecuador | ||||||||||||||||
Destinations | 44 | 12 | 19 | 12 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
Passengers Transported (million) | 14.4 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||||
Change (YoY) | (54.0 | %) | (57.4 | %) | (64.3 | %) | (63.5 | %) | (61.8 | %) | ||||||||||
Market share | 30 | %(1) | 61 | %(2) | 66 | %(3) | 25 | %(4) | 75 | %(4) | ||||||||||
Main competitors | Gol, Azul | Sky Airlines, JetSmart | Sky Airlines Peru, Viva Airlines Peru, Star Peru, Avianca | Avianca, Viva Colombia, EasyFly, Satena, Copa Airlines Colombia (“Wingo”) | Tame, Avianca |
(1) | Source: ANAC Brazil’s website. Market share considers RPKs as of December 2020. |
(2) | Source: JAC Chile’s website. Market share considers RPK as of December 2020. |
(3) | Source: DGAC Peru’s website. Market share considers number of passengers carried as of November 2020. |
(4) | Source: Diio.net. Market share considers ASKs as of December 2020. |
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On April 3, 2019, LATAM Airlines Brazil, announced that it had been approached by Elliott Associates L.P., Elliott International L.P., and Manchester Securities Corporation (jointly “Elliott”), the largest debt holders of Oceanair Linhas Aéreas S.A. and AVB Holding S.A. (jointly “Avianca Brazil”), in connection with the auction of one or more independent productive units (“IPU”) of Avianca Brazil (including but not limited to certain contracts, operating certificates, permits, and slots), as part of Elliott’s restructuring proposal. On July 10, 2019, LATAM Airlines Brazil presented winning bids for the IPUs ‘B’ and ‘C’, valued at US$70 million and US$10,000, respectively. The adjudication and the payment of the aforementioned productive units was subject to governmental and antitrust approvals, which were never received and therefore, the total payments never made.
In addition, as part of the proposed restructuring, LATAM Airlines Brazil extended to Avianca Brazil US$13 million of debtor–in–possession loans to finance, in part, working capital in support of their operations, which was to be reimbursed to LATAM Airlines Brazil if the restructuring proposal were successful.
On July 15, 2020, the court dismissed the legal proceeding and declared the bankruptcy liquidation of Avianca Brazil. The Company has registered a provision of loss, despite the legal measures to recover the outstanding amount.
Passenger Alliances and Commercial Agreements
Strategic Alliance with Delta
Continuing with the framework agreement signed on September 26, 2019, LATAM on May 7, 2020, entered into a Trans-American Joint Venture Agreement with Delta Air Lines, in order to (i) deliver robust consumer benefits through the metal-neutral orientation contemplated by this Agreement, providing expanded capacity on joint routes, expanded customer offerings and joint investments in customer experience, (ii) provide a seamless high-quality travel experience for passengers, (iii) develop and enhance the quality and quantity of services delivered to the traveling public through the use of common customer standards, and (iv) become the preferred airlines of choice by customers in the U.S./Canada – South America air transportation market. In the context of our Chapter 11 proceedings, on November 24, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Debtors’ assumption of the Trans-American Joint Venture Agreement and related pre-petition contracts. The Bankruptcy Court also authorized the Debtors to enter into and continue performing under any related post-petition contracts.
Termination of previous arrangements and alliances and subscription of new codeshare agreements
On May 1, 2020, after being a member for approximately 20 years, LATAM officially exited the Oneworld alliance and indicated that it would not be entering in any other global alliance at the time. LATAM maintained interline, codeshare and frequent flyer agreements with a majority of Oneworld member airlines, including British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Finnair, Iberia, Japan Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, Qantas, Qatar Airways, Royal Jordanian, S7 Airlines, and SriLankan Airlines, under bilateral conditions.
During the first semester of 2020, the Company’s affiliates in Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador implemented codeshare agreements with Delta Air Lines to provide customers with a seamless travel experience and greater connectivity to 435 destinations worldwide. In addition, the group signed a loyalty program agreement with Delta Air Lines that enables mutual frequent flyer benefits, lounge access and reciprocal elite benefits, which also came into effect during 2020. On June 14, 2020, LATAM Airlines Brazil and Azul Linhas Aéreas entered into a codeshare agreement with the purpose of providing greater connectivity within Brazil’s domestic market, in order to offer a better network and more options for customers.
During the second half of 2020, LATAM Airlines Brazil and LATAM Airlines Colombia entered into codeshare, reciprocal frequent flyer and lounge access agreements with Aeromexico, seeking to increase the offering and connectivity of both networks.
Other alliances and material commercial agreements
In addition, LATAM and its affiliates have ongoing passenger commercial agreements with several airlines, including Lufthansa, Swiss, Korean Air, China Eastern, among others. These commercial agreements allow us to provide additional benefits to our passengers, including access to a wider network, more flight options with better connection times, and increased potential for developing new routes and adding direct flights to new destinations and to destinations already served by LATAM.
Passenger Marketing and Sales
Given the current global situation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, since March we have made several adjustments to our services, implementing additional hygiene and safety measures in all of the customer’s touchpoints and increasing the flexibility of our commercial policies and rescheduling practices for existing tickets and purchases.
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Our commitment to our customers throughout the pandemic from a commercial standpoint was initially focused on developing flexible commercial policies that would generate the necessary peace of mind for our customers to purchase tickets and make changes to their plans according to evolving travel restrictions. In addition, we made our policies more flexible for customers who had purchased tickets prior to the pandemic and were thereafter unable to use them.
With regard to hygiene and safety measures, various implementations were made to comply with authorities’ requirements and to maximize hygiene and safety for customers and crews when flying. Some of those measures include social distancing while boarding, deplaning by row, improvements to cabin hygiene, alcohol gel availability, and other onboard procedure adjustments to limit physical interactions. Because the pandemic has changed our customers’ behavior and increased their desire to avoid or minimize contact with others, we intend to use technology to change the passenger experience when traveling and meet these expectations. We had the opportunity to implement and test some of these technologies in our primary airports, such as automatic check-in, self-bag drop, digital signage and biometrics, with promising results that encourage us to accelerate our digital transformation in the upcoming year.
In 2020, LATAM Airlines Group continued transforming the travel experience of our passengers through cabin retrofits. As of December 31, 2020, we have nine B777, nine B767 and seventy A320/A321 aircraft with renovated interiors. This required approximately US$105 million in capital expenditures during the year. We continued equipping aircraft with Wi-Fi connectivity in Brazil, reaching 29 aircraft in total. In addition, 176 aircraft have been repainted and rebranded with the new LATAM Livery, with the goal of having all the remaining aircraft finished by the end of 2021.
Although the COVID-19 pandemic impacted our services, customer experience continues to be a key driver of success for the group. In recent years the group implemented the “Net Promoter System” in an effort to create a culture focused on earning the passionate loyalty of customers while inspiring the energy, enthusiasm and creativity of employees and ultimately accelerate profitable and sustainable organic growth. This system’s primary key performance indicator is the Net Promoter Score (“NPS”). To calculate NPS, we have a customer survey, where we ask “How likely are you to recommend us to a friend or colleague?” Customers score answers on a zero-to-ten scale and we then calculate the NPS as the percentage of customers who are promoters (those who scored 9 or 10) minus the percentage of customers who are detractors (those who scored 0 to 6).
LATAM’s Net Promoter Score for 2020 showed an increase of seven points compared to 2019 (2020’s NPS was 40 points, versus 33 points in 2019’s NPS), reaching the highest level since we started our measuring NPS.
These improvements were mainly observed in the second half of the year and, according to NPS survey customer comments, are explained by three main reasons:
1) | On Time Performance (“OTP”/Departure 0) of our operations, which reached an average of 80 points during the second half of the year. |
2) | Crew care and service, which was highlighted by our customers; and |
3) | COVID-19 prevention measures were appreciated and highlighted by customers in the survey’s comments. |
Our conviction about placing our customers at the center of our decisions was firmer than ever in 2020. Working on the evolution of the customer’s digital experience was the main focus of the E-business area this year, and it began with a clear objective: to improve the online experience of our customers. We launched LATAM Airlines’ new website for the Ecuadorian market in May. Chile, Colombia, and Brazil followed in the second half of the year. The new experience includes, among other features, a notifications system that allows customers to choose how they want to receive their flight information, a more seamless booking process, automatic check-in and LATAM Wallet, our virtual payment method. We will keep working in 2021 to incorporate additional markets and features.
In 2020, LATAM received first place in punctuality in the global category, according to the annual OTP report compiled by Cirium, and ranked first place on the “Punctuality List 2020” compiled by the Official Airline Guide (OAG). In addition, LATAM Airlines Group was recognized as the “Best Airline in South America” in Skytrax World Airline Awards, and was also awarded by passengers in the categories “Best Cabin Service in South America” and “Best Inflight Entertainment in South America” according to the APEX Passenger Choice Awards. Furthermore, in the 2021 edition [of the APEX Passenger Choice Awards] LATAM was recognized as “Best Global Airline of South America.”
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Branding
The challenging context of 2020 meant that as a brand we had a leading role in the development of communications that kept our employees, customers and all the Company’s stakeholders informed. We established a three-phase strategy to build our communications that focused first on communicating our commitment to safety, the flexibilization of commercial policies, and our support channels.
As part of the strategy of working to achieve closeness and recover our engagement with our customers, we worked on developing partnerships with important entities for the community. In Peru, for example, we are now the Official Airline of the Peruvian National Soccer Team.
Despite the pandemic, in 2020 we have managed to achieve good brand key performance indicators (KPIs) at the regional level. Our spontaneous awareness has grown compared to the previous year reaching 52%, while closeness to the brand has remained at 65% and customer preference at 27%.
Distribution Channels
We are committed to being the preferred choice of our customers, placing the passenger at the center of our decision making. Our distribution structure is divided into direct and indirect distribution channels, both focused on improving their respective platforms to allow for easy interaction for our client in sales and services alike. Direct channels owned by LATAM are comprised of city ticket offices, contact-centers and e-Business (including website, mobile and smart business), and accounted for approximately 54% of total sales in 2020 (including award passengers). These direct channels support sales and service, both before and after the flight.
Our city ticket offices include additional services in order to complement the experience of our customers. Our contact centers are a multi-service channel providing support in six languages (Spanish, English, Portuguese, French, German and Italian).
We are committed to constantly improving the way we offer our products via our distribution channels, including the adoption of new technology. The Company will continue to improve its e-Business platforms to support expected future growth and simplify our customers’ online experience.
Our digital strategy includes mobile applications that provide trip information to our passengers. These applications improve management of contingencies, enable us to provide information and solutions to our customers in a timely and transparent manner and serve as a new direct sales channel.
Indirect channels currently include travel agencies, general sales agencies, direct channels from other airlines and online agencies, and accounted for 46% of total sales in 2020. LATAM offers travel agencies different options to connect to our systems and provide their customers our best product offering. These options include Global Distribution Systems as well as our direct connection “eLATAM,” which we are continuously expanding and improving.
LATAM is strongly committed to the digital transformation of distribution in agencies during 2021, through the IATA’s New Distribution Capability (“NDC”) standard. With a clear focus on improving the purchasing and management experience for agencies, with significant benefits in offers and services for clients
Frequent Flyer Program
Our frequent flyer program is a key element of our marketing and loyalty strategy. The program rewards customer loyalty, and, as a result, generates incremental revenue and promotes customer retention.
In 2019, we established a new way to qualify for “Elite” status in our frequent flyer program based on the price paid for the ticket, which is aligned with a simpler methodology for mileage accrual, generating simplicity and efficiency to our frequent flyer program. LATAM Pass members can access superior categories and enjoy better benefits by earning Qualifying Points on all their flights. Qualifying Points are different from LATAM Pass Points, which members can use to redeem for tickets and on-board benefits. The amount of Qualifying Points members earn depends on the dollars spent on purchasing the ticket (discounting charges, taxes and additional services) and the multiplier of the destination (domestic or international).
During 2020 we also introduced another rule to access superior categories, the “Segment rule,” under which a passenger can qualify for “Elite Status” by earning Qualifying Points (the existing rule, where they accumulate points depending on the dollars spent on purchasing the ticket), or by reaching a goal of number of segments flown. Introducing this new rule makes it possible for more customers to qualify for our categories, especially for those domestic passengers who fly many segments a year that generally have lower rates.
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As a result of the pandemic, we knew that our members would not be able to travel as much as the prior year, so we adapted some of our policies to be more flexible so as to not affect their LATAM Pass member categories. All categories reached in 2020 were extended through March 2022. We reduced the Qualifying Points and Qualifying Segments goals by 30% to make it easier to maintain or reach a new category tier. We also allowed the accumulation of Qualifying Points with some of our associated banks’ credit cards and extended the expiration of miles/points during March and August 2020 (depending on the situation of each country) for three more months so that members would not lose them. These measures will be available until December 2021. Additionally, a new alliance with Amazon was implemented, strengthening the value of miles available for redemption.
During 2019, LATAM Airlines Brazil acquired the 27.3% minority stake of Multiplus S.A. (“Multiplus”), a former subsidiary of TAM. Multiplus was launched by TAM in 2009 and in February 2010 it became a publicly traded company in Brazil following its initial public offering, and TAM S.A continued to own 72.74% of the ordinary shares of Multiplus. On September 5, 2018, it was announced that (i) LATAM Airlines Brazil did not intend to extend or renew the operational agreement entered into with Multiplus after December 31, 2024, and (ii) LATAM Airlines Brazil intended to launch a tender offer to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Multiplus that LATAM’s affiliates do not currently own, and to subsequently delist Multiplus from the B3 Novo Mercado and cancel its registration. After acquiring 100% of Multiplus, in May 31, 2020, LATAM Airlines Brazil merged with Multiplus, bringing more flexibility to offer program members a better value proposition for redeeming points and increase the preference for our services.
The frequent flyer program is a strategic asset for the airline group, and a core source of value that differentiates LATAM from other carriers. The acquisition of Multiplus and its full integration into LATAM’s network, together with LATAM Pass, create what LATAM estimates to be the fourth largest frequent flyer and loyalty program in the world (measured by member base). LATAM Airline Brazil’s decision is consistent with recent transactions in the industry, and with the strategy of in-house frequent flyer business models of the largest global airlines.
In addition, a new tier category, Gold Plus, was launched in its market with focus on recovering Brazilian’s domestic corporate market share delivering to a specific type of customer a better experience at the airport, and also a better mileage accrual. Improvements to the Gold category include priority check-in in all flights (for Gold category only in international flights) and free same day changes for Brazilian domestic flights. In February 2020, this new category was also launched in all Spanish-speaking countries, improving the value proposition of all our domestic corporate passengers, and also introducing new benefits for all of our high-value customers such as seat selection, preferred check-in and boarding in all markets.
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM Pass had approximately 38 million members, representing an increase of 4% compared to 2019. Members of the LATAM Pass program receive benefits and increase miles for ticket purchases in accordance with their elite level status, as well as by purchasing the services of other partners in the LATAM Pass program. Customers of the program can redeem miles or points for free tickets as well as for other products. LATAM Pass members are classified in five elite levels: Gold, Gold Plus, Platinum, Black and Black Signature. These different groups determine which benefits customers are eligible to receive, including mile earning bonuses, free upgrades, VIP lounge access and preferred boarding and check-in privileges.
Cargo Operations
The Cargo business is operated internationally and domestically by affiliate airlines under the unified LATAM Cargo brand, which has acquired significant market recognition. The cargo business generally operates on the same route network used by the passenger airline business. It includes 117 destinations, of which 111 are served by passenger and/or freighter aircraft and six are served only by freighter aircraft.
The following table sets forth certain of our cargo-operating statistics for domestic and international routes for the periods indicated:
For the year ended and as of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ATKs (millions) | 4,708.3 | 6,356.7 | 6,497.6 | |||||||||
RTKs (millions) | 3,077.8 | 3,526.0 | 3,582.5 | |||||||||
Weight of cargo carried (thousands of tons) | 784.6 | 903.8 | 920.6 | |||||||||
Total cargo yield (cargo revenues/RTKs, in U.S. cents) | 39.3 | 30.2 | 33.1 | |||||||||
Total cargo load factor (%) | 65.4 | % | 55.5 | % | 55.1 | % |
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We derive our revenues from the transport of cargo through our dedicated freighter fleet and in the bellies of our passenger aircraft. Also, throughout the COVID-19 pandemic we have utilized some passenger aircraft exclusively for cargo transportation (passenger freighter flights) to keep products and economies moving.
We consider our passenger network to be a key competitive advantage due to the synergies between passenger and cargo operations and, accordingly, we have developed a strategy to increase our competitiveness by enhancing our belly offering. We primarily use the belly of our passenger aircraft for our cargo operations; however, during 2020 we have also flown passenger freighter flights where the main deck was also utilized for cargo transportation.
As of December 31, 2020, our freighter fleet consisted of nine Boeing 767-300 freighters and three Boeing 767-300BCF, each with a capacity for 58 structural chargeable tons of freight. Our freighter fleet under operation consisted of eight Boeing 767-300F and three Boeing 767-300BCF, since one of our Boeing 767-300F was subleased to former affiliate MasAir S.A. We expect to grow our freighter fleet with the confirmed passenger to freighter conversions of four Boeing 767-300 aircraft that will take place during 2021 and 2022 and options for the conversion of four addition Boeing 767-300s between 2022 and 2023. The freighter fleet program has two main focus areas: first, to support the group’s belly business, improving its load factor by feeding cargo into our passenger routes, and second, to enhance our product offering by providing our customers flexibility in scheduling, origins, destinations and types of cargo.
The United States is the main market for cargo traffic to and from Latin America. Besides being the main market for Latin American exports by air, cargo consolidated in the United States accounts for the majority of goods transported by air to Latin American countries. Accordingly, we have headquartered our international cargo operations in Miami. This geographical location is a natural gateway between Latin America and the United States. We also utilize passenger flights to and from New York, Los Angeles, Boston and Orlando and our dedicated freighter service to Chicago. Additionally, with more than ten different trucking companies we operate a road-feeder network, connecting our HUB in Miami with the other main gateways in the United States (Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, Houston and Atlanta), in between the cities in which we operate and to secondary origins and destinations. During the temporary route suspension and cargo capacity decrease due to the pandemic, the trucking network was of great support for the belly and freighter network.
The LATAM Group also transports cargo to and from five destinations in Europe: London, Lisbon, Frankfurt, Madrid and Amsterdam. The first two points are served only via passenger aircraft. Frankfurt and Madrid are served by both passenger and freighter aircraft, while Amsterdam is only served through freighter operations. We operate a road-feeder service within Europe to expand our footprint and balance traffic between our different origins.
Chile, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil represent a large part of the northbound traffic. This demand is mainly concentrated on a small number of product categories, such as exports of fish, sea products and fruits from Chile, asparagus and fruits from Peru, and fresh flowers from Ecuador and Colombia.
The main destinations for southbound traffic are Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Peru. Southbound demand is mainly concentrated on a small number of product categories including high-tech equipment, mining equipment, electronics, auto parts and pharmaceuticals.
The largest domestic cargo operations are in Brazil, where LATAM Cargo Brazil remains the market leader, carrying cargo for a variety of customers, including freight-forwarding companies, logistics operators, e-commerce companies and individual consumers.
During 2020, cargo revenues increased by 14%. Total cargo capacity decreased 26% despite a 20% increase in freighter capacity. Cargo traffic decreased 13%, resulting in a 10 percentage point increase of the cargo load factor. Cargo yield grew 30% year-over-year. As a result, revenues per ATK increased 53% in comparison to the previous year. Over 2,900 passenger freighter flights were operated; resulting in over 129,000 cargo tons transported on passenger freighters during this year. In response to the pandemic we operated 86 passenger freighters to China for the transportation of personal protective equipment supplies from Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai and Xiamen to Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador and Peru.
The cargo business in the region is highly competitive, as international and regional carriers often have spare capacity in their cargo operations. However, decreased belly capacity in passenger flights due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in limited capacity in cargo freighters in 2020, which we view as a temporary situation until passenger flights recover. In the region, we have been able to maintain solid market shares through efficient utilization of the fleet and network. Today, on Latin America-United States routes, the main competitors are Atlas Air, Avianca Cargo and American Airlines. On the Latin America-Europe routes, the main competitors are Cargolux, Lufthansa Cargo, Air France/KLM, IAG Cargo and Qatar Airways.
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Divestiture of Aerotransportes Mas de Carga, S.A. de C.V. (November 30th 2018)
On November 30, 2018, LATAM Airlines Group sold its direct and indirect stakes in Mexican cargo airline MasAir S.A. At the time, MasAir operated one Boeing 767-300F subleased from the Company. As of December 31, 2020, MasAir continued operating this aircraft under a sublease. As a result of this sale MasAir no longer consolidates with LATAM.
Cargo-Related Investigations
See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings.”
Fleet
General
In connection with our Chapter 11 proceedings, we are evaluating the adequate fleet needs and right-sizing our fleet for the coming years. From the Initial Petition Date to December 31, 2020, the Company has rejected 29 aircraft, agreed on stipulations with its lessors for more favorable rent terms, and negotiated lease amendments and new lease agreements. In January 2021, the Company rejected an additional two aircraft. As of December 31, 2020, we operated a fleet of 297 aircraft, comprised of 286 passenger aircraft and 11 cargo aircraft. In addition, we subleased 3 aircraft, comprised of 2 passenger aircraft and 1 cargo aircraft to third parties. The Company’s fleet may continue to change after the date hereof. For further information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Chapter 11 Proceedings—Aircraft Stipulations” and “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Recent Chapter 11 Developments.”
Number of aircraft in operation | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Aircraft included in Property, plant and equipment | Aircraft included as Rights of use assets | Average term of lease remaining (years) | Average age (years) | ||||||||||||||||
Passenger aircraft(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A320-Family Aircraft | ||||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A319-100 | 44 | 37 | 7 | 1.7 | 13.1 | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A320-200 (2) | 134 | 96 | (2) | 38 | 3.7 | 11.1 | ||||||||||||||
Airbus A321-200 | 38 | 19 | 19 | 5.5 | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A320-neo | 12 | 6 | 6 | 9.1 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A350-Family Aircraft | ||||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A350-900 | 11 | 4 | 7 | 9.5 | 3.0 | |||||||||||||||
Boeing Aircraft | ||||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767-300ER | 17 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 11.3 | |||||||||||||||
Boeing 787-8 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 5.2 | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||
Boeing 787-9 | 12 | 2 | 10 | 7.1 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||||
Boeing 777-300ER | 10 | 4 | 6 | 5.1 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||||
Total passenger aircraft | 288 | 191 | 97 | 5.2 | 9.8 | |||||||||||||||
Cargo aircraft | ||||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767-300 Freighter (3) | 12 | 11 | (3) | 1 | 1.0 | 17.0 | ||||||||||||||
Total cargo aircraft | 12 | 11 | 1 | 1.0 | 17.0 | |||||||||||||||
Total fleet | 300 | 202 | 98 | 5.1 | 10.1 |
(1) | All passenger aircraft bellies are available for cargo. |
(2) | Two A320-200 aircraft leased to a third party. |
(3) | One Boeing 767-300F aircraft leased to a third party. |
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LATAM Airlines Group and its affiliates operate various different aircraft types that are best suited for our different services, which include short-haul domestic and intracontinental trips as well as long-haul intercontinental flights. The aircraft have been selected based on their ability to effectively and efficiently serve all of these routes while trying to minimize the number of aircraft families we operate.
For short-haul domestic and continental flights, LATAM Airlines Group and its affiliates operate Airbus A320-Family aircraft. The Airbus A320-Family has been incorporated into our fleet pursuant to leases and has been acquired directly from Airbus pursuant to various purchase agreements since 1999. For long-haul passengers LATAM Airlines Group and its affiliates operate Boeing 767-300ER, Boeing 787-8 and 787-9, Boeing 777-200ER and 777-300ER, and the Airbus A350-900 aircraft.
For cargo flights, we operate Boeing 767-300F aircraft.
Utilization
The average utilization rates of LATAM’s aircraft for each of the periods indicated are set forth below, in hours per day.
2020 | 2019(1) | 2018(1) | ||||||||
Passenger aircraft | ||||||||||
Boeing 767-300ER | 3.7 | 10.1 | 10.4 | |||||||
Boeing 787-8/9 | 4.0 | 11.0 | 9.3 | |||||||
Airbus A320-Family | 4.1 | 10.3 | 9.9 | |||||||
Boeing 777-300ER | 3.2 | 10.1 | 11.0 | |||||||
Airbus A350-900 | 3.5 | 10.7 | 11.0 | |||||||
Total passenger aircraft | 4.0 | 10.2 | 9.9 | |||||||
Cargo aircraft | ||||||||||
Boeing 767-300 Freighter | 12.9 | 12.3 | 14.2 | |||||||
Boeing 777-200 Freighter (2) | - | - | 7.7 | |||||||
Total cargo aircraft | 12.9 | 12.3 | 13.9 | |||||||
Total passenger and cargo | 4.7 | 10.5 | 10.1 |
(1) | Utilization rates are calculated by dividing total block hours by total aircraft, excluding subleased aircraft. Previously, the distinction for subleased aircraft was not made and thus, in order to facilitate comparison between 2018, 2019 and 2020, utilization rates from 2018 and 2019 have been restated to reflect the change in methodology. |
(2) | Aircraft sold in April 2018. |
Fleet Leasing and Financing Arrangements
LATAM’s fleet financing and leasing structures include borrowing from financial institutions and leasing under financial leases, tax leases, sale-leaseback transactions and pure leases. As of December 31, 2020, LATAM had a total fleet of 300 aircraft, of which three were subleased to third parties resulting in 297 aircraft in operation.
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM’s operating fleet was comprised of 106 financial leases, 26 tax leases, 91 leases, 60 aircraft as loan guarantees and 17 unencumbered aircraft. Most of LATAM’s financial and tax leases are structured with a 12-year initial term. LATAM has 32 financial aircraft leases supported by the U.S. Export-Import Bank (“EXIM Bank”) and 68 supported by the European Export Credit Agencies (the “ECAs”). LATAM’s lease maturities initially range from three to twelve years.
LATAM’s aircraft debt, which is comprised of financial and tax leases, is denominated in U.S. dollars and typically has quarterly amortization payments. Both the financial leases and tax leases have a bank (or a group of banks) as counterparty; however, the tax leases also include third parties. 44.60% of our aircraft debt has a fixed interest rate and the balance has a floating rate based on USD LIBOR.
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In order to reduce LATAM Airlines Brazil’s balance sheet currency exchange exposure to the Brazilian real, as part of the integration plan following the combination with TAM, we have sought to transfer the majority of the LATAM Airlines Brazil aircraft under financial leases to the LATAM level. As of December 31, 2020, only eight aircraft are subject to financial leases by LATAM Airlines Brazil. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Sources of financing” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Expenditures” for a description of expected sources of financing and expected expenditures on aircraft.
The leases provide us with flexibility to adjust our fleet to any demand volatility that may affect the airline industry and therefore we consider such arrangements to be of great value to our strategy and financial performance. The aircraft lease obligation as of December 31, 2020 for all remaining periods through maturity (the latest of which expires in 2031) was US$ 3,563.7 million. See “—F. Long Term Indebtedness—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.”
Under the aforementioned leases, LATAM is responsible for all maintenance, insurance and other costs associated with operating these aircraft. The Company has not made any residual value or similar guarantees to our lessors. There are certain guarantees and indemnities to other unrelated parties that are not reflected on the Company’s balance sheet, but we believe that these will not have a significant impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
See Note 32 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a more detailed discussion of these commitments.
Maintenance
LATAM Maintenance
Our heavy maintenance, line maintenance and component shops are equipped and certified to service our fleet of Airbus and Boeing aircraft. Our maintenance capabilities allow us flexibility in scheduling airframe maintenance, offering us an alternative to third-party maintenance providers. More than 3,000 LATAM Maintenance professionals ensure our fleet operates safely and in compliance with all local and international regulations. We strive to provide the best experience to our passengers through the highest standards of safety, on-time performance and cabin image and functionality.
The heavy maintenance and component repair shop facilities are located in São Carlos (Brazil) and Santiago (Chile), adding up to a total of seven heavy maintenance production lines, including painting capabilities, and component repair shops, including landing gear, hydraulics, pneumatics, avionics, electroplating, composites, wheels and brakes, emergency equipment, galleys and structures.
In 2020, LATAM Maintenance’s continuous improvement efforts were focused on reducing costs and cash outflows. Therefore, our Digital and LEAN-Six Sigma projects were aimed to raise technician productivity, optimize inventory and diminish repair TATs. Throughout the year several relevant initiatives were implemented such as (i) digital signature in Chile, Peru and Ecuador, (ii) microplanning in both line and heavy maintenance, and (iii) inventory database unification and management consolidation.
LATAM Line Maintenance
The Line Maintenance Network serves over 160 locations and carried out over 1.3 million man hours of preventive and corrective maintenance tasks (including preservations) on the LATAM fleet during 2020. We also rely on certified third party services in many of our international destinations where it is economically convenient, such as in Frankfurt, (where we are served by Lufthansa Technik), and London (served by KLM) among others.
LATAM Line Maintenance Network has hangar facilities in Santiago, São Paulo (CGH and GRU), Lima, Miami and Bogota, among others. These multiple locations improve the flexibility of the Line Maintenance Network by allowing the execution of tasks that might be restricted because of adverse weather conditions and environmental authority restrictions.
In order to strictly comply with applicable regulations, all of our maintenance operations are supervised and audited by the local authorities and international entities around the Network, such as Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil in Chile (“DGAC”), Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil in Brazil (“ANAC”), the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States (“FAA”), the International Air Transport Association Operational Safety Audit (“IOSA”) (by the International Air Transport Association or “IATA”) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (“ICAO”), among others. The audits are conducted in connection with each country’s certification procedures and enable us to perform maintenance for the aircraft types registered in the certificating jurisdictions. Our repair stations hold FAA Part-145 certifications under these approvals.
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In addition, to ensure the most qualified personnel as needed for safe, accurate and on-time Line Maintenance, LATAM Airlines Group seeks to improve technicians’ skills through extensive training programs at our LATAM Technical Training Centers in Chile and Brazil, and through specific training programs designed and conducted by our partnerships.
LATAM MRO
Our two main MRO (“Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul”) facilities, one in São Carlos (Brazil) and one in Santiago (Chile), are equipped and certified to service our fleet of Airbus and Boeing aircraft and provide 86% of all heavy maintenance services that LATAM demands, effectively executed 1.00 million man-hours. LATAM MRO is also responsible for the planning and execution of aircraft redeliveries. The services not executed internally are contracted to our extensive network of MRO partners around the globe. We occasionally perform certain heavy maintenance and component services for other airlines or OEMs.
In MRO São Carlos (LATAM Airlines Brazil MRO), we are prepared to service up to eight aircraft (narrow and wide body) simultaneously with a dedicated hangar for stripping and painting. In this facility we also have 23 technical component shops, including a full landing gear repair & overhaul shop, hydraulics, pneumatics, electronics, electrical components, electroplating, composites, wheels & brakes, interiors and emergency equipment shops. MRO São Carlos is certified and audited by major international aeronautical authorities such as the FAA, the European Aviation Safety Agency (“EASA”), ANAC Brazil, the Chilean DGAC, the Argentinean Administración Nacional de Aviación Civil (“ANAC Argentina”), the Ecuadorian Dirección General de Aviación Civil (“DGCA”), the Paraguayan Dirección Nacional de Aeronautica Civil (“DINAC”), and Transport Canada (“TC”), among others, for Heavy Maintenance and Components Repair and Overhaul for the Airbus A-320 family and Boeing 767. The MRO also has some minor capabilities for the repair and overhaul of Boeing 777 components. MRO São Carlos includes its own support engineering capabilities and a full technical training center.
In MRO Santiago, located near Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, we have two hangars capable of servicing one wide body aircraft and two narrow body aircraft simultaneously. MRO Santiago is certified and audited by FAA, ANAC Brazil, DGAC, ANAC Argentina and DGCA, among others, for Heavy Maintenance for the Airbus A320-Family (A318, A319, A320 and A321) and Boeing B767 - B787. MRO Santiago has 11 shops prepared to support hangar activities such as cabin shops, galleys, structures, composite materials, avionic, wheels & brakes. We also have the capability to retrofit aircraft interiors, including the installation of in-flight entertainment (“IFE”) equipment. MRO Santiago includes its own support engineering capabilities.
During 2020, LATAM MRO executed 315 services, including C checks (57) and Special Checks (258) for the LATAM fleet.
LATAM Safety and Security
In terms of Safety and Security, LATAM has faced an unprecedented scenario during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Given this situation, and in order to ensure the health of our employees and customers, LATAM has integrated standards and guidelines set out by world authorities, as well as those established by the different countries where we currently operate. At present, we exercise constant communication with all of our collaborators and clients in regards to health and safety measures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Internally, we have developed safety and security protocols for both our flight and ground operations. The latter include, but are not limited to, the thorough sanitization of our personnel, facilities and other assets, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), active monitoring of confirmed and suspected cases, basic prevention standards and training, in addition to basic and common prevention methods practiced worldwide.
The safety of our passengers and employees remains LATAM’s highest priority. It is for this reason that we constantly strive to further develop and improve standards in order to mitigate everyday risks, and guarantee an acceptable level of safety and security in our operations.
Organizational Structure of LATAM Safety and Security Vice-Presidency
Safety Management
The Safety Management Department ensures that providing safe and reliable air service remains LATAM’s highest priority. Given the operational complexity, as well as the multicultural challenges that we face, LATAM has decided to concentrate its safety management activities under the umbrella of a coordinated structure, which is responsible for the implementation and oversight of unified policies and procedures throughout the group.
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The core foundation of this department lies within its robust Safety Management System (“SMS”), which is built upon four main components (Policies and Objectives, Risk Management, Safety Assurance, and Safety Promotion). These components give the SMS a proper structure and provide management with the necessary tools to oversee the safety of our operations. For example, through Flight Data Monitoring (“FDM”), also known as Flight Operations Quality Assurance (“FOQA”), we are able to capture, analyze and even visualize the data recorded during revenue flights and compare it with the company’s Standard Operating Procedures (“SOPs”). In parallel, the Line Operations Monitoring Program (LOMP) permits us to monitor Flight Crew performance and detect errors ahead of time. As a result of these proactive activities, we are able to improve overall safety, increase maintenance effectiveness, and reduce operational costs. The company’s SMS is documented, available internally to all employees, and it provides the guidelines and responsibilities that each employee must meet, regardless of function or hierarchy, which in turn assures our commitment towards safety as a whole. Furthermore, IOSA certification ensures the proper qualification of our employees, including the provision of a Senior Safety Manager responsible for each system implementation within the Safety Department, as well as defining standardized procedures for measuring the quality of services provided by third party companies and contractors.
In 2020, Safety Management has implemented a new approach: Safety II is a new model that seeks to learn from good practices of daily operations, rather than focusing merely on operational mistakes and pitfalls. This type of system requires the integration of LATAM’s SMS data, which must be analyzed thoroughly (advanced analytics) in order to predict a safety occurrence. In summary, it is a proactive and predictive method that continuously anticipates catastrophic events. With Safety II, we expect to be able to improve LATAM’s risk performance by using all available resources, implementing effective action plans, in addition to adopting a more proactive and predictive approach.
Security Management
The Security Management Department is responsible for coordinating the security of LATAM’s passengers, employees, aircraft, equipment and facilities. This department secures LATAM’s infrastructure while protecting people against any threat or unlawful action.
Corporate Security Policies and a Security Management System (“SeMS”) have been implemented to detect any vulnerabilities in our security operations and to prevent unlawful acts. These policies, as well as the SeMS itself, are constantly evaluated, analyzed and assigned a risk level (high, medium or low) by qualified Corporate Security Managers, who are in turn responsible for establishing new security protocols or modifying current ones Corporate Security Management then oversees all of these security processes and procedures through annual audits.
In addition to protecting the organization against any threat or unlawful action, LATAM is committed to the general health and safety of all of its employees. Therefore, through Security Management, LATAM has created a dedicated Health, Safety and Environment (“HSE”) team that, in addition to safeguarding the general wellbeing of its employees, is responsible for ensuring a safe work environment and educate against common dangers/risks associated with everyday activities. This has become even more important during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Emergency Response Management
This Department is responsible for managing the company’s Emergency Response Plan (“ERP”). It has been designed to provide an effective response to various emergency scenarios, such as aircraft accidents, natural disasters, union strikes and pandemics. We aim to be able to mitigate the impact that these contingencies have on our passengers and their relatives, in addition to ensuring the continuity of our operations. The structure of the ERP includes (but is not limited to) Emergency Process and Procedures, Emergency Control Centers, a Relatives & Passengers Assistance Team, a Notification Team, Aircraft Recovery, and a dedicated “Go Team” that can be activated and address an emergency situation.
Fuel Supplies
Fuel costs comprise one of the single largest categories of our operating expenses. In 2016, mainly due to the significant drop in the international price of crude oil, LATAM saw a drop in its jet fuel costs. In 2017 and 2018, crude oil prices increased resulting in higher fuel costs for LATAM. While in 2019, average market price for JetFuel declined by 7.3% year-over-year, in 2020 the average market price declined significantly by 22.8%, and thus, reducing costs per gallon. In 2020, total fuel costs represented 17.4% of our total operating expenses. Our average into-wing price for 2020 (fuel price plus taxes and transportation costs, including hedging and gains/losses) was US$1.79 per gallon, representing a decrease of 22.3% from the 2019 into-wing average fuel price. We can neither control nor accurately predict the volatility of fuel prices. Despite the foregoing, we believe it is possible to partially offset the price volatility risk through our hedging and fuel surcharge programs, which is in place in both our passenger and cargo business. For more information, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Risk of Fluctuations in Jet Fuel Prices.”
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The following table details our consolidated fuel consumption and operating expenses, after related hedging gains and losses (which exclude fuel costs related to charter operations because fuel expenses are covered by the entity that charters the flight) for the last three years.
Year ended December 31, (1) | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Fuel consumption (thousands of gallons) | 586,191.5 | 1,272,676.8 | 1,205,188.8 | |||||||||
ASK (millions) | 55,688.0 | 149,116.6 | 143,264.7 | |||||||||
Fuel gallons consumed per 1,000 ASK | 10.5 | 8.53 | 8.41 | |||||||||
Total fuel costs (US$ thousands) | 1,045,343 | 2,929,008 | 2,983,028 | |||||||||
Cost per gallon (US$) | 1.79 | 2.30 | 2.49 | |||||||||
Total fuel costs as a percentage of total operating expenses | 17.4 | % | 30.2 | % | 31.5 | % |
In our fuel supply agreements, we manage different price structures and price update calculations. The main price structure is Jet Fuel plus fixed fees and taxes, and the main fuel price updates are in a weekly, bi-weekly and monthly basis. Brazil, our largest market, bases its price on a refinery posting updated every month, which is set in Brazilian real per liter, plus fees and taxes. Refinery prices in Brazil have stabilized recently creating a more competitive market for the region.
Our fuel supply agreements vary by airport and are distributed among 30 suppliers. Our fuel consumption volume is mainly concentrated in Brazil (40%), Chile (16%), the United States (9%) and Peru (12%). In 2020, initially as a periodic revision, we re-negotiated our fuel supply contracts in Perú, Colombia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, and certain major European, and certain Australian and United States airports. Then, due to the impact of COVID-19 in the industry and the importance of cash flow in order to face the pandemic, in 2020 we re-negotiated our fuel supply contracts with almost every supplier. In 2019 we continued to strengthened our relationship with global fuel suppliers, extended our credit terms and achieved conditions that improved LATAM´s cash flow significantly, in Brazil, Perú, Chile and the United States. Finally, as part of the Chapter 11 proceedings, fuel supply contracts are being revised and re-negotiated seeking commercial conditions that will contribute to LATAM´s business plan.
In Chile and Peru, a fuel import model is used in addition to the traditional local refinery supply, creating a more competitive market and ensuring our supply with different sources. During 2018 we implemented the fuel import model in Brazil, by creating a jet fuel import project that will allow imported jet fuel to reach the Terminal of San Sebastian in São Paulo and move from there to Guarulhos, São Paulo’s International Airport. LATAM was awarded pipeline capacity to move product from the Terminal into Guarulhos and became the first airline to do so. In 2019 refinery prices in Brazil stabilized as a result of the fuel import project from LATAM. During 2019 we also worked along with the Latin American and Caribbean Air Transport Association (“ALTA”) to ensure a more competitive refinery price in Uruguay and reached an agreement that lowered its price by approximately 50 cents per gallon and which we believe achieved competitive parity with the rest of the region. During 2020 we worked along with IATA and ALTA in initiatives and financial incentives that would help the industry during the crisis, and managed to accomplish a significant price reduction for international price in Bolivia and a VAT reduction for domestic flights in Colombia.
As part of a comprehensive energy efficiency initiative, LATAM Airlines Group worked with a team of stakeholders to generate a streamlined fuel efficiency program (the “LATAM Fuel Efficiency Program”), which encompasses a wide range of different innovations and technologies for fuel efficiency:
● | Investments in more modern and efficient aircraft, such as the Boeing 787, the Airbus A350 and the Airbus A320neo. Investment has been carried out to perform retrofits to a portion of our Airbus A320 fleet, allowing more efficient standard operational procedures. |
● | Weight reduction measures, such as minimizing unnecessary onboard water, using ultra-light service carts, optimizing fuel according to destination, improving the distribution of weight to have an optimal center of gravity and the improvement of freight factor (the combination of passenger and cargo services). During late 2019 and early 2020, the in-flight magazine was removed from all aircraft, reducing nearly 50 kg from each flight. In addition, work with local authorities in Brazil have allowed for changes in fuel policy regulations, reducing unnecessary route reserve fuel and standardizing said fuel policy with the rest of the region. |
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● | As of 2019, LATAM Pilot Tools, an in-house developed mobile app was deployed. This app allows personalized feedback to flight crews, focusing on captain fuel requests and usage, and ground fuel consumption, among other efficiency and safety indicators. This app is groundbreaking as it is the first time a direct communication channel has been created between the flight crews and the Company’s Safety Efficiency operations. As of December 2019, fuel efficiency initiatives were added to the pilot app, giving more visibility to their KPIs and adding significant savings. |
● | Standardized operational procedures on every stage of the flight (taxiing, climb, cruise, approach and landing); for example, changes in climb profiles that generate savings with minimum changes in the workload of the flight crew, or minimizing the use of the auxiliary power unit when aircraft is on the ground. |
● | Monitoring maintenance and performance of the fleet, including frequent engine washes, which allow more efficient combustion of fuel and reduce emissions in airport areas. |
● | Various aircraft retrofits have taken place, among them, engine wiring that allows the reduction of fuel consumption during taxi operations, Auxiliary Power Units replacements for more efficient models, and software updates on them that improve fuel consumption. |
● | Improvements of the flight plan management, including continuous feedback using a post flight analysis tool called Full Tracks developed by the Fuel Team with the support and collaboration of Operations and Safety. This tool allows us to better program and optimize our flight plans. During 2019, policy changes were implemented, optimizing fuel planning according to destination, standardizing policies for all dispatch centers, allowing for centralized performance tracking and unified criteria. |
● | During 2020, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, operational parameters flight speed/fuel cost relations (Cost Index) were revised to take into account the new variable cost structure, thus generating optimal Cost Indices for each aircraft to assure the most efficient operation. Regarding flight planning, route optimization was introduced, given the overflight cost reduction presented by some governments, hence allowing for shorter trajectories to be flown between long haul city pairs. |
● | In a new and innovative front, work has begun with the Advanced Analytics department in order to generate Machine Learning models that allow for better weight forecast during planning are in implementation stages. The department is expected to continue work in this line in order to generate tools for flight dispatch and planning that give them critical recommendations in flight plan parameters that directly influence fuel consumption. |
As a direct result of this program, LATAM Airlines Group has been recognized since 2014 by the Dow Jones Sustainability Index as one of the world’s leading companies in eco-efficiency. The magnitude of this program has allowed the Company to reduce their operational costs along with the improvement of environmental performance, and to enhance environmental awareness both within the Company and externally.
Ground Facilities and Services
Our main operations are based at the Guarulhos Airport in São Paulo, Brazil. We also operate significant ground facilities and services at LATAM Airlines Brazil’s headquarters located at Congonhas International Airport in São Paulo, Brazil.
We also have significant operations at the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, Chile, where we operate hangars, aircraft parking and other airport service facilities pursuant to concessions granted by the DGAC and other outsourced concessions. We also maintain a customs warehouse at the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport, additional customs warehouses in Chile and Argentina (Aeroparque) and operate cargo warehouses at the Miami International Airport to service our cargo customers. Our facilities at Miami International Airport include corporate offices for our cargo and passenger operations and temperature-controlled and freezer space for imports and exports. We also operate from various other airports in Chile and abroad.
We incur certain airport usage fees and other charges for services performed by the various airports where we operate, such as air traffic control charges, take-off and landing fees, aircraft parking fees and fees payable in connection with the use of passenger waiting rooms and check-in counter space.
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Ancillary Airline Activities
In recent years, LATAM has been developing different initiatives to increase its ancillary revenues generated by its airline operations. The implementation of these initiatives aims to offer a better on-board experience, while allowing passengers to customize their journey. LATAM’s customers are able to purchase for additional services such as extra luggage, preferred seating options and the flexibility to change tickets on the same day of their flight, among others.
In addition to airline operations, LATAM generates revenues from a variety of other activities, including aircraft leases (including subleases, dry-leases, wet-leases and capacity sales to certain alliance partners) and charter flights, duty free, tours, maintenance services for third parties, handling, storage, customs services, income from other non-airline products (Latam Pass) and other miscellaneous income (including compensation corresponding to the JBA with Delta Air Lines). In 2020, LATAM generated other revenues of US$411.0 million from these activities.
Insurance
LATAM maintains aviation insurance policies as required by law, aircraft financing, and leasing agreements, for its entire fleet (aircraft that LATAM and its affiliates own, operate, and are responsible for).
These policies provide all-risk coverage for aircraft hulls (including war risks and spares), third-party legal liability for passengers, cargo, baggage, injuries, property damage, and loss of cargo. LATAM’s policies are in full force and are renewed annually along with IAG Group (British Airways, Iberia, and their affiliates), which allows LATAM to obtain better premiums and improved coverage at the best level of the Aviation Industry.
LATAM also insures its physical properties and equipment from theft, fire, flood, earthquake, hurricane, and other damages. All LATAM’s vehicles are insured against the risk of robbery, damages, fire, and civil and general liabilities.
Information and Digital Technologies
Despite a challenging year, LATAM has committed significant time and resources to technological initiatives in line with our digitization strategy as a key differentiator to provide a top class customer experience, streamline our operations, automate functions, and provide our employees with the tools to help achieve the next level in service and efficiency. At the same time, we aim to foster a tech-at-core and data-driven culture.
We continue to make progress in our digital transformation. In accordance with our motto of an “airline in your pocket,” we aim to provide our customers with a complete end-to-end digital experience, with seamless and coherent products, that simplify our customer interactions and provide a less stressful travel experience even during contingencies. The first visible transformation is a new website and mobile app, launched in selected regions, that helps customers complete their purchases in a fraction of the time it took before, and manage payments, refunds and compensations through an industry-leading digital wallet, all while strengthening our ancillary offering. We are seeing significant benefits in conversion, ancillary sales and customer satisfaction.
Our transformation goes much further than the digital domain and has also arrived in the form of a new airport experience. Customers are already benefiting from automatic check-in, new layouts, and a new kiosk experience. During 2021, we plan to finalize rollout in all regions, and further expand airport digitization trough an aggressive expansion on self-bag drop and biometric boarding.
We recognize data analytics and Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) as the next frontier, and consequently, we have incorporated a dedicated analytics and AI taskforce, focused on network optimization and flight offer personalization, fuel consumption and predictive maintenance.
LATAM continues to ensure we’re resilient to cybersecurity challenges, committing resources to tools and capabilities. We have also made significant progress on improving our systems reliability, by adopting best industry practices. Finally, we’re making sure we remain an agile and efficient organization in a challenging industry scenario, by reducing our technology vendor footprint, and re-negotiating key contracts to ensure flexibility and cost efficiency.
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Regulation
Below is a brief reference to the material effects of aeronautical and other regulations in force in the relevant jurisdictions in which we operate. We are subject to the jurisdiction of various regulatory and enforcement agencies in each of the countries where we operate. We believe we have obtained and maintain the necessary authority, including authorizations and operative certificates where required, which are subject to ongoing compliance with statutes, rules and regulations pertaining to the airline industry, including any rules and regulations that may be adopted in the future.
The countries where we carry out most of our operations are contracting states and permanent members of the ICAO, an agency of the United Nations established in 1947 to assist in the planning and development of international air transportation. The ICAO establishes technical standards for the international aviation industry. In the absence of an applicable local regulation concerning safety or maintenance, the countries where we operate have incorporated by reference the majority of the ICAO’s technical standards. We believe that we are in material compliance with all such relevant technical standards.
Environmental and Noise Regulation
There are no material environmental regulations or controls imposed upon airlines, applicable to aircraft, or that otherwise affect us, except for environmental laws and regulations of general applicability.
In Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and the United States, aircraft must comply with certain noise restrictions. LATAM’s aircraft substantially comply with all such restrictions. Chilean authorities are planning to pass a noise-related regulation governing aircraft that fly to and within Chile, observing a standard known as “Stage 3 requirements.” Our fleet already complies with such standards, so we do not believe that enactment of the proposed standards would impose a material burden on us.
In 2016, the ICAO adopted a resolution creating the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), providing a framework for a global market-based measure to stabilize CO2 emissions in international civil aviation (i.e., civil aviation flights that depart in one country and arrive in a different country). With the adoption of this framework, the aviation industry became the first industry to achieve an agreement with respect to its CO2 emissions. The scheme, which defines a unified standard to regulate CO2 emissions in international flights, will be implemented in various phases by ICAO member states starting in 2020.
Safety and Security
Our operations are subject to the jurisdiction of various agencies in each of the countries where we operate, which set standards and requirements for the operation of aircraft and its maintenance.
In the United States, the Aviation and Transportation Security Act requires, among other things, the implementation of certain security measures by airlines and airports, such as the requirement that all passenger bags be screened for explosives. Funding for airline and airport security required under the Aviation Security Act is provided in part by a US$5.60 per segment passenger security fee, subject to a US$11.20 per roundtrip cap; however, airlines are responsible for costs in excess of this fee. Implementation of the requirements of the Aviation Security Act has resulted in increased costs for airlines and their passengers. Since the events of September 11, 2001, the United States Congress has mandated, and the TSA has implemented, numerous security procedures and requirements that have imposed and will continue to impose burdens on airlines, passengers and shippers.
Below are some specific aeronautical regulations related to route rights and pricing policy in the countries where we operate.
Chile
Aeronautical Regulation
Both the DGAC and the Junta de Aeronáutica Civil (“JAC”) oversee and regulate the Chilean aviation industry. The DGAC reports directly to the Chilean Air Force and is responsible for supervising compliance with Chilean laws and regulations relating to air navigation. The JAC is the Chilean civil aviation authority. Primarily on the basis of Decree Law No. 2,564, which regulates commercial aviation, the JAC establishes the main commercial policies for the aviation industry in Chile and regulates the assignment of international routes and the compliance with certain insurance requirements, while the DGAC regulates flight operations, including personnel, aircraft and security standards, air traffic control and airport management. We have obtained and maintain the necessary authority from the Chilean government to conduct flight operations, including authorization certificates from the JAC and technical operative certificates from the DGAC, the continuation of which is subject to the ongoing compliance with applicable statutes, rules and regulations pertaining to the airline industry, including any rules and regulations that may be adopted in the future.
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Chile is a contracting state, as well as a permanent member, of the ICAO. Chilean authorities have incorporated ICAO’s technical standards for the international aviation industry into Chilean laws and regulations. In the absence of an applicable Chilean regulation concerning safety or maintenance, the DGAC has incorporated by reference the majority of the ICAO’s technical standards. We believe that we are in material compliance with all such relevant technical standards.
Route Rights
Domestic Routes: Chilean airlines are not required to obtain permits in order to carry passengers or cargo on any domestic routes, but only to comply with the technical and insurance requirements established respectively by the DGAC and the JAC. There are no regulatory barriers that would prevent a foreign airline from creating a Chilean subsidiary and entering the Chilean domestic market using that subsidiary. On January 18, 2012 the Secretary of Transportation and the Secretary of Economics of Chile announced a unilateral opening of the Chilean domestic skies. This was confirmed on November 2013, and has been in force since that date.
International Routes: As an airline providing services on international routes, LATAM is also subject to a variety of bilateral civil air transportation agreements that provide for the exchange of air traffic rights between Chile and various other countries. There can be no assurance that existing bilateral agreements between Chile and foreign governments will continue, and a modification, suspension or revocation of one or more bilateral treaties could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
International route rights, as well as the corresponding landing rights, are derived from a variety of air transportation agreements negotiated between Chile and foreign governments. Under such agreements, the government of one country grants the government of another country the right to designate one or more of its domestic airlines to operate scheduled services to certain destinations of the former and, in certain cases, to further connect to third-country destinations. In Chile, when additional route frequencies to and from foreign cities become available, any eligible airline may apply to obtain them. If there is more than one applicant for a route frequency, the JAC awards it through a public auction for a period of five years. The JAC grants route frequencies subject to the condition that the recipient airline operate them on a permanent basis. If an airline fails to operate a route for a period of six months or more, the JAC may terminate its rights to that route. International route frequencies are freely transferable. In the past, we have generally paid only nominal amounts for international route frequencies obtained in uncontested auctions.
Airfare Pricing Policy
Chilean airlines are permitted to establish their own domestic and international fares without government regulation. For more information, see “—Antitrust Regulation” below. In 1997, the Antitrust Commission approved and imposed a specific self-regulatory fare plan for our domestic operations in Chile consistent with the Antitrust Commission’s directive to maintain a competitive environment. According to this plan, we must file notice with the JAC of any increase or decrease in standard fares on routes deemed “non-competitive” by the JAC and any decrease in fares on “competitive” routes at least 20 days in advance. We must file notice with the JAC of any increase in fares on “competitive” routes at least 10 days in advance. In addition, the Chilean authorities now require that we justify any modification that we make to our fares on non-competitive routes. We must also ensure that our average yields on a non-competitive route are not higher than those on competitive routes of similar distance.
Argentina
Aeronautical Regulation
Both the (ANAC Argentina and the Ministry of Transport oversee and regulate the Argentinean aviation industry. ANAC regulates flight operations, including personnel, aircraft and security standards, air traffic control and airport management, and reports directly to the Ministry of Transport. ANAC also is responsible for supervising compliance with Argentinean laws and regulations relating to air navigation. The Ministry of Transport regulates the assignment of international routes and matters related to tariff regulation policies. We have obtained and maintain the necessary authorizations from the Argentinean government to conduct flight operations, including authorization certificates and technical operative certificates from ANAC, the continuation of which is subject to the ongoing compliance with applicable statutes, rules and regulations pertaining to the airline industry, including any rules and regulations that may be adopted in the future.
Argentina is a contracting state and a permanent member of the ICAO, an agency of the United Nations established in 1947 to assist in the planning and development of international air transport. The ICAO establishes technical standards for the international aviation industry, which Argentinean authorities have incorporated into Argentinean laws and regulations. In the absence of applicable Argentinean regulation concerning safety or maintenance, the ANAC has incorporated by reference the majority of the ICAO’s technical standards. We believe that we are in material compliance with all such relevant technical standards.
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Route Rights
Domestic Routes: In Argentina, airlines are required to obtain permits in connection with carrying passengers or cargo on any domestic routes, and to comply with the technical requirements established by the local authority. There are no regulatory barriers preventing a foreign airline from creating an Argentine subsidiary and entering the Argentine domestic market using that subsidiary. However, ownership of such subsidiary by the foreign airline may not be direct, but through a subsidiary formed in Argentina, which in turn may be directly or indirectly owned by the foreign company. However, such subsidiary should operate Argentine-registered aircraft and employ Argentine aeronautical personnel.
International Routes: As an airline providing services on international routes, LATAM Argentina is also subject to a variety of bilateral civil air transport agreements that provide for the exchange of air traffic rights between Argentina and various other countries. There can be no assurance that existing bilateral agreements between Argentina and foreign governments will continue. Furthermore, a modification, suspension or revocation of one or more bilateral treaties could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
International route rights, as well as the corresponding landing rights, are derived from a variety of air transport agreements negotiated between Argentina and foreign governments. Under such agreements, the government of one country grants the government of another country the right to designate one or more of its domestic airlines to operate scheduled services to certain destinations of the former and, in certain cases, to further connect to third-country destinations. In Argentina, when additional route frequencies to and from foreign cities become available, any eligible airline may apply to obtain them. ANAC grants route frequencies subject to the condition that the recipient airline operate them on a permanent basis. If an airline fails to operate a route for a period of six months or more, the ANAC may terminate its rights to that route.
Airfare Pricing Policy
Argentine airlines are permitted to establish their own international fares without government regulation, as long as they do not abuse any dominant market position they may enjoy. In the case of domestic flights, government-fixed maximum prices were in place until February 3, 2016, when the government eliminated the controls that limited maximum prices. However, there remain government-fixed minimum prices for one-way tickets, and also for tickets sold within 30 days before the flight. Prices for roundtrip tickets sold 30 days or more before the flight were de-regulated on July 31, 2018.
Peru
Aeronautical Regulation
The Peruvian Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil (the “PDGAC”) oversees and regulates the Peruvian aviation industry. The PDGAC reports directly to the Ministry of Transportation and Communications and is responsible for supervising compliance with Peruvian laws and regulations relating to air navigation. In addition, the PDGAC regulates the assignment of national and international routes, and the compliance with certain insurance requirements, and it regulates flight operations, including personnel, aircraft and security standards, air traffic control and airport management. We have obtained and maintain the necessary authorizations from the Peruvian government to conduct flight operations, including authorization and technical operative certificates, the continuation of which is subject to the ongoing compliance with applicable statutes, rules and regulations pertaining to the airline industry, including any rules and regulations that may be adopted in the future.
Peru is a contracting state and a permanent member of the ICAO. The ICAO establishes technical standards for the international aviation industry, which Peruvian authorities have incorporated into Peruvian laws and regulations. In the absence of an applicable Peruvian regulation concerning safety or maintenance, the PDGAC has incorporated by reference the majority of the ICAO’s technical standards. We believe that we are in material compliance with all relevant technical standards.
Route Rights
Domestic Routes: Peruvian airlines are required to obtain permits in connection with carrying passengers or cargo on any domestic routes and to comply with the technical requirements established by the PDGAC. Non-Peruvian airlines are not permitted to provide domestic air service between destinations in Peru.
International Routes: As an airline providing services on international routes, LATAM Peru is also subject to a variety of bilateral civil air transport agreements that provide for the exchange of air traffic rights between Peru and various other countries. There can be no assurance that existing bilateral agreements between Peru and foreign governments will continue, and a modification, suspension or revocation of one or more bilateral treaties could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
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International route rights, as well as the corresponding landing rights, are derived from a variety of air transport agreements negotiated between Peru and foreign governments. Under such agreements, the government of one country grants the government of another country the right to designate one or more of its domestic airlines to operate scheduled services to certain destinations of the former and, in certain cases, to further connect to third-country destinations. In Peru, when additional route frequencies to and from foreign cities become available, any eligible airline may apply to obtain them. If there is more than one applicant for a route frequency, the PDGAC awards it through a public auction for a period of four years. The PDGAC grants route frequencies subject to the condition that the recipient airline operate them on a permanent basis. If an airline fails to operate a route for a period of 90 days or more, the PDGAC may terminate its rights to that route. In the last two years the PDGAC has revoked the unused route frequencies of a couple Peruvian operators.
Ecuador
Aeronautical Regulation
There are two institutions that control commercial aviation on behalf of the State: (i) The Consejo Nacional de Aviación Civil (the “CNAC”), which directs aviation policy; and (ii) ( the “DGAC”), which is a technical regulatory and control agency. The CNAC issues operating permits and grants operating concessions to national and international airlines. It also issues opinions on bilateral and multilateral air transportation treaties, allocates routes and traffic rights, and approves joint operating agreements such as wet leases and shared codes.
Fundamentally, the DGAC is responsible for:
● | ensuring that the national standards and technical regulations and international ICAO standards and regulations are observed; |
● | keeping records on insurance, airworthiness and licenses of Ecuadorian civil aircraft; |
● | maintaining the National Aircraft Registry; |
● | issuing licenses to crews; |
● | controlling air traffic control inside domestic air space; |
● | approving shared codes; and |
● | modifying operations permits. |
The EDGAC also must comply with the standards and recommended methods of ICAO since Ecuador is a signatory of the 1944 Chicago Convention.
Route Rights
Domestic Routes: Airlines must obtain authorization from CNAC (an operating permit or concession) to provide air transportation. For domestic operations, only companies incorporated in Ecuador can operate locally, and only Ecuadorian-licensed aircraft and dry leases are authorized to operate domestically.
International Routes: Permits for international operations are based on air transportation treaties signed by Ecuador or, otherwise, the principle of reciprocity is applied. All airlines doing business in Latin America that are incorporated in countries that are members of the Comunidad Andina de Naciones (the Andean Community, or “CAN”) obtain their traffic rights on the basis of decisions currently in force under that regime, in particular decision N°582 of 2004, which guarantee free access to markets, with no type of restriction except technical considerations.
Airfare Pricing Policy
On October 13, 2011, The Statutory Law of Regulation and Control of the Market Power was passed with a purpose to avoid, prevent, correct, eliminate and sanction the abuse of economic operators with market power, as well as to sanction restrictive, disloyal and agreements involving collusive practices. This Law creates a new public entity as the maximum authority of application and establishes the procedures of investigation and the applicable sanctions, which are severe. Rates are not regulated and are subject only to registration. In general, bilateral treaties regarding air transportation provide for airfares to be regulated by the regulation of the country of origin.
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Brazil
Aeronautical Regulation
The Brazilian aviation industry is regulated and overseen by the ANAC. The ANAC reports directly to the Civil Aviation Secretary, which is subordinated by the Federal Executive Power of this country. Primarily on the basis of Law No. 11.182/2005, the ANAC was created to regulate commercial aviation, air navigation, the assignment of domestic and international routes, compliance with certain insurance requirements, flight operations, including personnel, aircraft and security standards, air traffic control, in this case sharing its activities and responsibilities with the Departamento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo (Department of Airspace Control or “DECEA”),which is a public secretary also subordinated to the Brazilian Defense Ministry, and airport management, in this last case sharing responsibilities with the Empresa Brasileira de Infra-Estrutura Aeroportuária (the Brazilian Airport Infrastructure Company, or “INFRAERO”), a public company that was created by Law No. 5862/72, and is responsible for administrating, operating and exploring Brazilian airports industrially and commercially (with the exception of airports granted to private initiative).
We have obtained and maintain the necessary authority from the Brazilian government to conduct flight operations, including authorization and technical operative certificates from ANAC, the continuation of which is subject to ongoing compliance with applicable statutes, rules and regulations pertaining to the airline industry, including any rules and regulations that may be adopted in the future.
ANAC is the Brazilian civil aviation authority and it is responsible for supervising compliance with Brazilian laws and regulations relating to air navigation. Brazil is a contracting state and a permanent member of the ICAO. The ICAO establishes technical standards for the international aviation industry, which Brazilian authorities, represented by the Brazilian Defense Ministry, have incorporated into Brazilian laws and regulations. In the absence of an applicable Brazilian regulation concerning safety or maintenance, ANAC has incorporated by reference the majority of the ICAO’s technical standards.
Route Rights
Domestic Routes: Brazilian airlines operate under a public services concession, and for that reason Brazilian airlines are required to obtain a concession to provide passenger and cargo air transportation services from the Brazilian authorities. In addition, an Air Operator Certificate (“AOC”) is also required for Brazilian Airlines to provide regular domestic passenger or cargo transportation services. Brazilian Airlines also need to comply with all technical requirements established by the Brazilian Aviation Authority (ANAC). Based on the Brazilian Aeronautical Code (“CBA”) established by Brazilian Federal Law No. 7,565/86, there are no limitations to ownership of Brazilian airlines by foreign investors. The CBA also states that non-Brazilian airlines are not authorized to provide domestic air transportation services in Brazil
International Routes: Brazilian and non-Brazilian airlines providing services on international routes are also subject to a variety of bilateral civil air transport agreements that provide for the exchange of air traffic rights between Brazil and various other countries. International route rights, as well as the corresponding landing rights, are derived from a variety of air transport agreements negotiated between Brazil and foreign governments. Under such agreements, the government of one country grants the government of another country the right to designate one or more of its domestic airlines to operate scheduled services to certain destinations of the former and, in certain cases, to further connect to third-country destinations. In Brazil, when additional route frequencies to and from foreign cities become available, any eligible airline may apply to obtain them. If there is more than one applicant for a route frequency ANAC must carry out a public bid and award it to the elected airline. ANAC grants route frequencies subject to the condition that the recipient airline operate them on a permanent basis. ANAC’s resolution 491/18 indicates the requirements to establish the underuse of a frequency, and how it could be revoked and reassigned. This provision of the resolution came into force on September 2019.
Airfare Pricing Policy
Brazilian and non-Brazilian airlines are permitted to establish their own international and domestic fares, in this last case only for Brazilian airlines, without government regulation, as long as they do not abuse any dominant market position they may enjoy. Airlines may file complaints before the Antitrust Court with respect to monopolistic or other pricing practices by other airlines that violate Brazil’s antitrust laws.
Colombia
Aeronautical Regulation
The governmental entity in charge of regulating, directing and supervising civil aviation in Colombia is the Aeronáutica Civil (the “AC”), a technical agency ascribed to the Ministry of Transportation. The AC is the aeronautical authority for the entire domestic territory, in charge of regulating and supervising the Colombian air space. The AC may interpret, apply and complement all civil aviation and air transportation regulation to ensure compliance with the Colombian Aeronautical Regulations (“RAC”). The AC also grants the necessary permits for air transportation.
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Route Rights
The AC grants operation permits to domestic and foreign carriers that intend to operate in, from and to Colombia. In the case of Colombian airlines, in order to obtain the operational permit, the company must comply with the RAC and fulfill legal, economic and technical requirements, to later be subject to public hearings where the public convenience and necessity of the service is considered. The same process must be followed to add national or international routes; whose concession is subject to the bilateral instruments entered into by Colombia. The only exception for not complying with the public hearing procedure is that the application comes from a country member of the CAN, or that the route or permit being applied for is part of a deregulated regime. Even if it does not go through the public hearing process, the airline must submit a complete study to the AC and the request is made public on the website of the authority. Routes cannot be transferred under any circumstance and there is no limit to foreign investment in domestic airlines.
Airfare Pricing Policy
Since July 2007, as stated in resolution 3299 of the Aeronautical Civil entity, bottom level airfares for both international and domestic transportation were eliminated. Under resolution 904 issued in February 2012, the Aeronautical Civil authority ceased to impose the obligation of charging a fuel surcharge for both domestic and international transportation of passengers and cargo. As of April 1, 2012, air carriers may now freely decide whether or not to charge a fuel surcharge. In the case that a fuel surcharge is charged, it must be part of the fare, but shall be informed separately on the tickets, advertising or other methods of marketing used by the company.
In the same line, as of April 1, 2012, there is no longer any restriction on maximum fares published by the airlines or with respect to the obligations for air carriers to report to the Aeronautical civil authority the fares and conditions the day after being published.
Administrative fares are not subject to any changes, and its charge is mandatory for the transport of passengers under Aeronautical Civil Regulations. Differential administrative fares apply to ticket sales made through Internet channels.
Antitrust Regulation
The Chilean antitrust authority, which we refer to as the National Economic Prosecutor Office (“FNE” by its Spanish name), oversees and investigates antitrust matters, which are governed by Decree Law No. 211 of 1973, as amended, or the “Antitrust Law.” The Antitrust Law states as anticompetitive, any conduct that prevents, restricts or hinders competition, or sets out to produce said effects.
The Antitrust Law continues by giving examples of the following anticompetitive conducts: (i) cartels; (ii) abuse of dominance; and (iii) interlocking. The Antitrust Law defines abusive practices as “The abusive exploitation on the part of an economic agent, or a group thereof, of a dominant position in the market, fixing sale or purchase prices, imposing on a sale the acquisition of another product, allocating territories or market quotas or imposing similar abuses on others; as well as predatory practices, or unfair competition, carried out with the purpose of reaching, maintaining or increasing a dominant position.”
An aggrieved person may sue for damages arising from a breach of Antitrust Law by suing in the Chilean Competition Court (the “TDLC” by its Spanish name). The TDLC has the authority to impose a variety of sanctions for violations of the Antitrust Law, including: (i) the amendment or termination of acts and contracts; (ii) the amendment or dissolution of legal entities involved in the punished conducts; and/or (iii) the imposition a fine up to 30% of the sales of the infringing entity corresponding to the line of products and/or services associated to the infraction, during the entire term for which the infringement lasted; alternatively, a fine equal to the double of the economic benefit obtained by the infringing company; and when none of these alternatives can be applied, a fine up to USD 50,000,000 approximately (60,000 UTA).
As described above under “—Route Rights—Airfare Pricing Policy,” in the Resolution N°445 of August 1995, the TDLC approved in with a merger control transaction, imposed the merged airline to a specific self-regulatory fare plan for domestic air passenger market consistent with the TDLC’s directive to maintain a competitive environment within the domestic market. This Airfare Pricing Policy Plan was updated by the TDLC particularly to maintain it objective which consists of a tariff regulation, through which maximum rates are established on non-competitive routes under a monthly compliance scheme.
Since October 1997, LATAM and LATAM Chile follow a self-regulatory plan, which was modified and approved by the TDLC in July 2005, and further in September 2011. In February 2010, the FNE closed the investigation initiated in 2007 regarding our compliance with this self-regulatory plan and no further observations were made.
As a condition to the combination between LAN and TAM in June 2012, the antitrust authorities in Chile and Brazil each imposed certain mitigation measures as part of their approval of the merger transaction. Furthermore, the association was also submitted to the antitrust authorities in Germany, Italy and Spain. All these jurisdictions granted unconditional clearances for this transaction. The merger was filed with the Argentinean antitrust authorities; which approval is still pending. For more information regarding these mitigation measures please see below:
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Chile
On September 21, 2011, the TDLC issued a decision (the “Decision”) with respect to the consultation procedure initiated on January 28, 2011 in connection with the combination between LAN and TAM. The TDLC, in the Decision, approved the proposed combination between LAN and TAM, subject to 14 conditions, as generally described below:
1. | exchange of certain slots in the Guarulhos Airport at São Paulo, Brazil; |
2. | extension of the frequent flyer program to airlines operating or willing to operate the Santiago-São Paulo, Santiago-Río de Janeiro, Santiago-Montevideo and Santiago-Asunción routes during the five-year period from the effective time of the combination; |
3. | execution of interline agreements with airlines operating the Santiago-São Paulo, Santiago-Río de Janeiro and Santiago-Asunción routes; |
4. | certain capacity and other transitory restrictions applicable to the Santiago-São Paulo route; |
5. | certain amendments to LAN’s self-regulatory fare plan approved by the TDLC with respect to LAN’s domestic passenger business; |
6. | the obligation of LATAM to renounce to one global airline alliance within 24 months from the date in which the combination becomes effective, except in the case that the TDLC approves otherwise, or to elect not to participate in any global airline alliance; |
7. | certain restrictions on code-sharing agreements outside the global airline alliance to which LATAM belongs for routes with origin or destination in Chile or that connect to North America and Europe, or with Avianca/TACA or Gol for international routes in South America, including the obligation to consult with, and obtain approval from, the TDLC prior to its execution of certain of those codeshare agreements; |
8. | the abandonment of four air traffic frequencies with fifth freedom rights between Chile and Peru and limitations on acquiring in excess of 75%, as applicable, of the air traffic frequencies in that route and the period that certain air traffic frequencies may be granted by the Chilean air transport authorities to LATAM; |
9. | issuance of a statement by LATAM supporting the unilateral opening of the Chilean domestic skies (cabotage) and abstention from any actions that would prevent such opening; |
10. | promotion by LATAM of the growth and normal operation of the Guarulhos (Brazil) and Arturo Merino Benítez (Chile) airports, to facilitate access thereto to other airlines; |
11. | certain restrictions regarding incentives to travel agencies; |
12. | to maintain temporarily 12 round trip flights per week between Chile and the United States and at least seven round trip non-stop flights per week between Chile and Europe; |
13. | certain transitory restrictions on increasing fares in the Santiago-São Paulo and Santiago-Río de Janeiro routes for the passenger business and for the Chile-Brazil routes for the cargo business; and |
14. | engaging an independent consultant, expert in airline operations, which for 36 months, and in coordination with the FNE, will monitor and audit compliance with the conditions imposed by the Decision. |
On or about June 2015, the FNE initiated a legal claim against LATAM before the TDLC alleging that LATAM was not complying with certain mitigation conditions related to the code share agreements with airlines outside LATAM’s global alliance as referenced above. Although LATAM opposed this allegation and responded the claim accordingly, a settlement agreement was reached between the FNE and LATAM (the “Settlement Agreement”). The Settlement Agreement approved by the TDLC on December 22, 2015 terminated the legal proceeding initiated by the FNE and did not establish any violation of the TDLC resolutions or any applicable antitrust regulations by LATAM. The Settlement Agreement did establish the obligation of LATAM to amend/terminate certain code share agreements and contract an independent third party consultant, which would act as an advisor to the FNE to monitor the compliance by LATAM of the Seventh Condition and the Settlement Agreement.
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On October 31, 2018, the TDLC approved the joint business agreements between LATAM and American Airlines, and between LATAM and IAG, subject to nine mitigation measures. On May 23, 2019 the Supreme Court of Chile revoked the TDLC decision, and both agreements were rejected. On September 26, 2019, LATAM announced that the JBA with American Airlines would be terminated and, on December 6, 2019, LATAM announced that the JBA with IAG would not be implemented.
On October 15, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. received the resolution issued by the FNE advising of the start of a review investigation to analyze the implementation of the agreement between LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Delta Air Lines, Inc. (Case number 2585-19). The Company is cooperating in this investigation, which is ongoing.
Brazil
The CADE approved the LAN/TAM merger by unanimous decision during its hearing on December 14, 2011, subject to the following conditions: (1) the new combined group (LATAM) should leave one of the two global alliances to which it was part (Star Alliance or oneworld); and (2) the new combined group (LATAM) should offer to swap two pairs of slots in Guarulhos International Airport, to be used by an occasional third party interested in offering direct non-stop flights between São Paulo and Santiago, Chile. These impositions are in line with the mitigation measures adopted by the TDLC, in Chile.
On February 24, 2021 the CADE approved without remedies the joint venture between Delta Air Lines and LATAM Airline Group. Previously, in a separate case, the CADE approved without remedies the acquisition by Delta of up to 20% of LATAM common shares on March 18, 2020.
Uruguay
On December 14, 2020 the antitrust authority of Uruguay (Comisión de Promoción y Defensa de la Competencia) approved the joint venture between LATAM and Delta Air Lines. The same agreement was filed before the aeronautical authority of Uruguay (the Dirección Nacional de Aviación Civil e Infraestructura Aeronáutica) on September 21, 2020 and approved by default on December 20, 2020, as the timeframe provided by the Aeronautical Code Law to the authority in order to resolve on the matter expired (90 days after filing).
United States
On July 8, 2020 LATAM and Delta Air Lines filed their joint venture before the DOT applying for approval of and antitrust clearance for all the alliance agreements.
Colombia
On September 4th, 2020 LATAM and Delta filed the joint venture before Aerocivil applying for an approval of the agreement.
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C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
LATAM Airlines Group and LATAM Airlines Brazil ownership structure as of February 28, 2021 is as follows:
The LATAM Group is composed of eight main airlines: LATAM Airlines Group S.A., incorporated in Chile; Transporte Aéreo S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Chile”), a Chilean subsidiary; LATAM Airlines Peru S.A. ( “LATAM Airlines Peru”), a Peruvian subsidiary, LATAM-Airlines Ecuador S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Ecuador,” previously Aerolane, Líneas Aéreas Nacionales del Ecuador S.A.), an Ecuadorian subsidiary, LAN Argentina S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Argentina,” previously Aero 2000 S.A.), an Argentinian subsidiary, Aerovías de Integración RegionalS.A. (“LATAM Airlines Colombia”), a Colombian subsidiary; TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. (“LATAM Airlines Brazil”) incorporated in Brazil; and LAN Cargo S.A. (“LATAM Cargo”).
As of December 31, 2020 we held a 100% stake in Transporte Aéreo S.A. through direct and indirect interests, a 94.98 % stake in LATAM Airlines Peru through direct and indirect interests, a 55.00% stake of the voting shares of LATAM-Airlines Ecuador and a 100% of the non-voting shares of Holdco Ecuador S.A., who has 45.00% of the voting shares of LATAM-Airlines Ecuador, a 99.87% indirect stake in LATAM Airlines Argentina, a 99.20% indirect stake in LATAM Airlines Colombia and a 100.00% stake of the non-voting shares of TAM, and 51.04% of the voting shares and 100% of the non-voting shares of Holdco I S.A., which has 100.00% of the voting shares of TAM. Following changes in Brazilian law, which now permits foreign persons to own up to 100% of the voting capital of Brazilian airlines, in February 2019, we increased our ownership of the voting shares of Holdco I S.A. to 51.04%.
Cargo operations are carried out by the affiliates under the brand LATAM Cargo. Our cargo operations are complemented by the operations of certain related companies, such as LATAM Cargo Brazil and LATAM Cargo Colombia. As of December 31, 2020, we held 100% of the non-voting shares and 20% (preferred) of TAM S.A. (a total of 63,09% of TAM S.A.) which is the sole shareholder of LATAM Cargo Brazil and a 90% stake in LATAM Cargo Colombia through direct and indirect participations. TAM S.A. has 100% of the non-voting shares and 100% of the voting shares of LATAM Cargo Brazil. In the cargo business, we market ourselves internationally primarily under the LATAM Cargo brand. Cargo Operation, in Perú, are carried out by LATAM Airlines Peru.
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D. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Chile
Headquarters
Our main facilities are located on approximately five acres of land that we rent near the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago. The complex includes approximately 14,000 m2 of office space, 3,000 m2 of conference space and training facilities, 1,000 m2 of dining facilities and mock-up cabins used for crew instruction.
In addition, we rent 9,250 m2 for our executive offices in a central location of Santiago, Chile. This space is distributed in ten floors along four buildings. We also rent 5,000 m2, in twelve floors in downtown Santiago, Chile, and own a 17,000 m2 property in Santiago, Chile.
Maintenance Base
Our 82,000 m2 maintenance base is located on a site that we own inside Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport. This facility contains our aircraft hangar, warehouses, workshops and offices, as well as a 52,000 m2 aircraft parking area capable of accommodating up to seventeen short-haul aircraft. We have a 5,000 m2 office building plus a 1,000 m2 office and workshop space. We also lease from the Sociedad Concesionaria Nuevo Pudahuel S.A. approximately 11,500 m2 of space inside the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport for operational and service purposes. The lease has a duration of 30 days and is renewed monthly.
Other Facilities
We own sixteen acres of land and a building on the west side of the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport that houses a flight-training center. This facility features three full-flight simulators (which are not property of LATAM), one for Boeing 787 and two for Airbus A320 aircraft.
Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A., one of our affiliates that operates import customs warehouses, utilizes a 5,600 m² warehouse located at Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport.
Brazil
Headquarters
LATAM Airlines Brazil’s main facilities are located in São Paulo, in hangars within the Congonhas Airport and nearby. At Congonhas Airport, LATAM Airlines Brazil leases office facilities in converted hangars belonging to INFRAERO (the Local Airport Administrator). These facilities comprise an area of approximately 38,807 m².
Headquarters of the Presidency
The Headquarters of the Presidency and Service Academy is located at Rua Atica, about 2.5 km from Congonhas Airport. This property, which LATAM Airlines Brazil owns, is used for human resources selection, medical services, training, mock-ups and offices- The Service Academy comprises 15,342 m² of land area and 9,032 m² of building area.
Maintenance Base
At Hangars II and V in Congonhas Airport, which LATAM Airlines Brazil leases from INFRAERO, LATAM Airlines Brazil has 23,886 m² of offices and hangars with about 1,300 workstations. This site also houses the aircraft maintenance, procurement, aeronautical materials logistics and retrofitting departments.
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Other Facilities
In São Paulo, LATAM Airlines Brazil has other facilities, including: a Call Center Building with 3,199 m2, distributed over five floors (plus a ground floor and a basement) that currently holds about 272 workstations and support rooms (meetings / training / dining room / coordination) of the operations of Call Center Reservations, Talk to People and ABSA back office.
In Guarulhos, LATAM has a total area of approximately 12,649 m2 distributed within the Passenger Terminal, including areas such as Check-in, Ticket Sales, Check Out, Operations Areas, a VIP Lounge and Aircraft Maintenance spaces. The Hangar Complex adds an area of 65.080 m². The cargo terminal has 252 m² of office and 17,215 m² of open area. Our Distribution Centre Supplies area occupies 3,030 m².
New Facilities
LATAM Airlines Brazil completed several infrastructure projects in Brazil during 2020, including:
1. | The completion of a new Crisis Room and meeting rooms in Hangar 2, as well as the renovation of the Maintenance Department | |
2. | In the MRO in São Carlos, phase 1 of the asphalt pavement was completed and incorporation of reception area; and | |
3. | The inauguration of Chapecó (300m²) |
Other locations
We occupy a 36.3-acre site at the Miami International Airport that has been leased to us under a concession agreement by the Miami Dade Aviation Department. Our facilities include a 13,609 m² corporate building, a 115,824 m² cargo warehouse (including 35,561 m² refrigerated area) and a 238,658 m² aircraft-parking platform. These facilities were constructed and are now leased to us under a long-term contract by Aero Term, a division of Real Term Global. For the year ended 2020, we paid US$ 9.7 million in rent under the foregoing leases.
In February 2014, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Miami- Dade County covering approximately 1.81 acres of land located on the grounds of the Miami International Airport. The lease has a term of 30 years with a total annual land cost of US$172,080.
Under the lease, we retained the right to construct a hangar facility on the leased premises. The Company completed construction in November 2015 and the hangar has been operational since June 2016. The property has a 15,479 m² aircraft maintenance space, sufficient to house a Boeing B777 aircraft, in addition to a 9,888 m² area designated for office space. Total investment in this hangar in construction and related expenditures by LATAM was US$16.5 million.
ITEM 4A | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
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ITEM 5. | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS |
A. | Operating Results |
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations together with our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes beginning on page F-1 of this annual report.
The summary consolidated annual financial information as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, has been prepared in accordance with IFRS and has been derived from our audited consolidated annual financial statements included in this annual report.
Overview
We derive our revenues primarily from transporting passengers on our passenger aircraft, as well as from transporting cargo in the belly of our passenger aircraft and in our dedicated freighter aircraft. In 2020, 62.6% of our total revenues (including in the total for this purpose other income from operating activities) came from passenger revenues and 27.9% came from our cargo business. The remaining 9.5% was classified as other operating income, which consists primarily of compensation received from Delta Air Lines as part of the Framework Agreement signed in 2019, tour operator services, aircraft leasing, customs and warehousing services, third-party maintenance and other miscellaneous income.
Our operating environment in 2020 was marked by volatility in the region resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results of operations and our ability to continue as a going concern depend on developments relating to our Chapter 11 proceedings.
Passenger Operations
In general, our passenger revenues are driven by international and country-specific political and economic conditions, competitive activity, and the attractiveness of the destinations that we serve. Passenger revenues are also affected by our capacity, traffic, load factors, yield and unit revenue. Our capacity is measured in terms of available seat kilometers (“ASKs”), which represents the sum, across our network, of the number of seats we make available for sale on each flight, multiplied by the kilometers flown by the respective flight. We measure traffic in RPKs, as the sum, across our network, of the number of revenue passengers on each flight multiplied by the number of kilometers flown by the respective flight. Load factors represent RPKs (traffic) as a percentage of ASKs (capacity), or the percentage of our capacity that is actually used by paying customers. We use yield, revenue from passenger operations divided by RPKs, to measure the average amount that one passenger pays to fly one kilometer and unit revenue, or revenue per ASK, to measure the effect of capacity on revenues. See “Item 3. Key Information—A. Selected Financial Data.”
Passenger demand during 2020 was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting both domestic and international air travel, and during the year we carried 45.9 million less passengers than in 2019. For the full year 2020, passenger traffic fell 65.8% and total passenger capacity decreased 62.7%, however, with the domestic operations in Brazil being the least affected by the pandemic, followed by domestic SSC and then international.
During 2020, the domestic operations in Brazil led in terms of the recovery of the operation, with ASKs in the full year decreasing by 48.5% compared to the previous year. Passenger traffic decreased by 50.1% in 2020 with regard to 2019, resulting in a decrease of 2.5 percentage points in passenger load factors, which reached 80.0%.
The domestic operations of our affiliate carriers based in SSC, which account for 19.7% of total passenger capacity in 2020, showed a decrease of 62.2% in passenger traffic in the year while capacity fell 59.9% as compared to 2019. As a result, the passenger load factor declined by 4.8 percentage points to 76.1%.
The group’s international operations were most affected by the pandemic’s resulting government-imposed lockdowns, border closures and travel restrictions. During the year, capacity in international operations decreased by 70.6% and traffic by 74.5% compared to 2019, resulting in a decrease of 11.1 percentage points in passenger load factors, which reached 73.8%.
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Cargo Operations
Cargo operations depend on exports from South America to North America and Europe, and imports from North America and Europe to South America, where Brazil is the main import market. Cargo markets are affected by economic conditions, foreign exchange rates, changes in international trade, the health of particular industries and competition and fuel prices (which we usually pass on to our customers through a cargo fuel surcharge). Cargo revenues are affected by our capacity, traffic, cargo load factors and yield. Our capacity is measured in terms of available ton kilometers (“ATKs”) which represents the number of tons available across our network for the transportation of cargo on each flight, multiplied by the kilometers flown by the respective flights. We measure traffic in revenue ton kilometers (“RTKs”) as the amount of cargo loads (measured in tons) on each flight multiplied by the number of kilometers flown by the respective flights. Load factors represent RTKs (traffic) as a percentage of ATKs (capacity), or the percentage of our cargo capacity that is actually used to transport cargo for our customers. Finally, we use cargo yield, or revenue from cargo operations divided by RTKs, to measure the average amount that our customers pay to transport one ton of cargo one kilometer.
During 2020, cargo traffic declined by 12.7% compared to 2019, while cargo capacity fell 25.9% year-over-year, which led to an improvement of 9.9 percentage points in cargo load factors to 65.4%. Cargo yield grew 30% year-over-year. As a result, revenues per ATK increased 53% in comparison to the previous year. Over 2,900 passenger freighter flights were operated; resulting in over 129,000 cargo tons transported on passenger freighters during this year.
Cost Structure
LATAM Airlines Group’s costs are largely driven by the size of our operations, fuel prices, fleet costs and exchange rates. Our operating expenses are calculated in accordance with IFRS and comprise the sum of the line items “cost of sales” plus “distribution costs” plus “administrative expenses” plus “other gains/(losses)” plus “restructuring activities” plus “other operating expenses,” as shown on our consolidated statement of comprehensive income. These operating expenses include wages and benefits, fuel, depreciation and amortization, commissions to agents, aircraft rentals, other rental and landing fees, passenger services, aircraft maintenance and other operating expenses. Restructuring activities expenses are those costs related to the Initial and Subsequent debtors’ filing for Chapter 11 voluntary protection and associated restructuring. During 2020, the company recognized a goodwill impairment within the line item “other gains/(losses).” The following is a discussion of the drivers of the most important costs.
As an airline, we are subject to fluctuations in costs that are outside of our control, particularly fuel prices. During 2020, average Jet fuel prices decreased 22.3%. LATAM Airlines Group has a hedging policy to protect medium term liquidity risk from fuel price increases, while participating in the benefits of fuel price reductions. Upon filing of Chapter 11, counterparties terminated all of our hedging contracts. Subsequently, the Company has entered into new fuel hedging contracts in accordance with orders from the Bankruptcy Court. As of March 31, the Company determined that the highly probable expected transactions that made up the hedged item will no longer occur in the amounts formally established, and therefore it stopped recognizing these contracts under hedge accounting, recognizing a loss of US$43.4 million in the line in Other gains (losses) in the income statement, as a reclassification effect from other reserves from the statement of comprehensive income and a loss of US$30.8 million corresponding to the premiums associated with these contracts. Cost of fuel is also affected by the amount of gallons we consume, which depends on the size of our operation, the efficiency of our fleet and the impact of our efficiency programs.
Personnel expenses are another significant component of our overall costs. Because a significant portion of our labor costs are denominated in Chilean pesos and in Brazilian Reals, appreciation of these currencies against the U.S. dollar as well as increases in local inflation rates can result in increased costs in U.S. dollar terms and can negatively affect our results. Depreciation of local currencies results in decreases in costs in dollars. Other important drivers of personnel expenses are average headcount and average wages.
Commissions paid to travel and cargo agents are also a significant cost to the Company. We compete with other airlines over the amount of commission we pay per sale, particularly in connection with special programs and marketing efforts, and to maintain competitive incentives with travel agents.
Fleet related expenses, namely aircraft rentals and depreciation, are another significant cost, and mainly depend on the number and type of aircraft that are owned and that are under leases. Generally, these costs are largely fixed and can be reduced on a per unit basis by achieving higher aircraft utilization rates. Currently, however, the majority of the LATAM fleet is operating on a payment-by-use basis (known as Power-by-the-Hour, “PBH”), resulting from the company’s Chapter 11 proceedings and negotiations with lessors.
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Results of Operations
LATAM Airlines Group Financial Results Discussion: Year ended December 31, 2020 compared to year ended December 31, 2019.
The following table sets forth certain income statement data for LATAM Airlines Group, for the year ended December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. For certain operating data for these periods, see “Item 3. Key Information—A. Selected Financial Data.”
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
(in US$ millions, except | As a percentage of total | 2019/2018 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Results of Income by Function | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger | 2,713.8 | 9,005.6 | 69.2 | % | 89.4 | % | (69.9 | %) | ||||||||||||
Cargo | 1,209.9 | 1,064.4 | 30.8 | % | 10.6 | % | 13.7 | % | ||||||||||||
Total operating revenues | 3,923.7 | 10,070.1 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | (56.2 | %) | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (4,513.2 | ) | (7,951.3 | ) | (115.0 | %) | (79.0 | %) | (43.2 | %) | ||||||||||
Gross margin | (589.5 | ) | 2,118.8 | (15.0 | %) | 21.1 | % | (131.9 | %) | |||||||||||
Other operating income | 411.0 | 360.9 | 10.5 | % | 3.6 | % | 13.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Distribution costs | (294.3 | ) | (580.0 | ) | (7.5 | %) | (5.8 | %) | (49.3 | %) | ||||||||||
Administrative expenses | (499.5 | ) | (735.2 | ) | (12.7 | %) | (7.3 | %) | (32.1 | %) | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses | (692.9 | ) | (422.8 | ) | (17.7 | %) | (4.2 | %) | 63.9 | % | ||||||||||
Restructuring activities expenses | (990.0 | ) | 0 | (25.2 | %) | 0 | n.a | |||||||||||||
Financial income | 50.4 | 26.3 | 1.3 | % | 0.3 | % | 91.7 | % | ||||||||||||
Financial costs | (587.0 | ) | (589.9 | ) | (15.0 | %) | (5.9 | %) | (0.5 | %) | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) | (48.4 | ) | (32.6 | ) | (1.2 | %) | (0.3 | %) | 48.6 | % | ||||||||||
Result of indexation units | 9.3 | (15.0 | ) | 0.2 | % | (0.1 | %) | (162.4 | %) | |||||||||||
Other gains/(losses) | (1,874.8 | ) | 11.5 | (47.8 | %) | 0.1 | % | (16,367.1 | %) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | (5,105.8 | ) | 142.0 | (130.1 | %) | 1.5 | % | (16,525.2 | %) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) tax expense | 550.2 | 53.7 | 14.0 | % | 0.5 | % | 924.6 | % | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | (4,555.5 | ) | 195.6 | (116.1 | %) | 2.0 | % | (2,773.1 | %) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) for the period attributable to the parent company’s equity holders | (4,545.9 | ) | 190.4 | (115.9 | %) | 1.9 | % | (2,487.2 | %) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) for the period attributable to non-controlling interests | (9.6 | ) | 5.2 | (0.2 | %) | 0.1 | % | (286.1 | %) | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | (4555.5 | ) | 195.6 | (116.1 | %) | 2.0 | % | (2,773.1 | %) | |||||||||||
Earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | n.a | n.a | n.a | ||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | n.a | n.a | n.a |
* | The abbreviation “n.a.” means not available. |
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Operating Revenues
Our total operating revenues decreased by 61.0% to US$3,923.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to revenues of US$10,070.1 million in 2019. The 2020 decrease in operating revenues was attributable to a 69.9% decrease in passenger revenues, partially offset by a 13.7% increase in cargo revenues. Passenger and cargo revenues accounted for 69.2% and 30.8% of total operating revenues in 2020, respectively.
Our consolidated passenger revenues decreased by 69.9% to US$2,713.8 million in 2020 from US$9,005.6 million in 2019, as a result of the significant decrease in both capacity and passenger traffic stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, load factor decreased to 76.5% in 2020, a reduction of 7.0 percentage points with respect to 2019.
Cargo revenues increased by 13.7%, to US$1,209.9 million in 2020 from US$1,064.4 million in 2019, mainly driven by changes in the competitive environment due to the COVID-19 crisis and the contribution of our 11 freighters, which have increased their flight frequency and destinations, in addition to cargo flights made by passenger aircraft. Cargo capacity decreased by 25.9% and traffic by 12.7%, resulting in a 9.9 p.p. load factor increase. Cargo yields grew 30.2% year over year and as a result, revenues per ATK increased by 53.5%.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales decreased by 43.2% to US$4,513.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 (from US$7,951.3 million in 2019), mainly due to the group’s effort to reduce and variablize costs in light of the diminished operations.
The table below presents cost of sales information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
(in US$ millions, except as otherwise stated) | As a percentage of total operating revenues | 2020/2019 % change | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | 3,923.7 | 10,070.1 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | (61.0 | %) | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (4,513.2 | ) | (7,951.3 | ) | (115.0 | %) | (79.0 | %) | (43.2 | %) | ||||||||||
Aircraft Fuel | (1,045.3 | ) | (2,929.0 | ) | (26.6 | %) | (29.1 | %) | (64.3 | %) | ||||||||||
Wages and Benefits | (779.7 | ) | (1,428.1 | ) | (19.9 | %) | (14.2 | %) | (45.4 | %) | ||||||||||
Other Rental and Landing Fees | (717.0 | ) | (1,271.4 | ) | (18.3 | %) | (12.6 | %) | (43.6 | %) | ||||||||||
Depreciation and Amortization | (1,168.5 | ) | (1,329.9 | ) | (29.8 | %) | (13.2 | %) | (12.1 | %) | ||||||||||
Aircraft Maintenance | (472.4 | ) | (444.6 | ) | (12.0 | %) | (4.4 | %) | 6.3 | % | ||||||||||
Passenger Services | (97.5 | ) | (261.5 | ) | (2.5 | %) | (2.6 | %) | (62.7 | %) | ||||||||||
Other Costs of Sales | (232.8 | ) | (286.8 | ) | (5.9 | %) | (2.8 | %) | (18.8 | %) |
Fuel costs declined by 64.3%, mainly as a result of a 53.9% decrease in fuel consumption compared to 2019 attributed to the significant decrease in capacity during the year and a 22.7% decline in fuel price (excluding hedge).
Wages and benefits decreased 45.4%, explained by a decrease of 14.0% in the average headcount, voluntary salary reductions adhered to be the vast majority of employees, and the depreciation of local currencies.
Other rental and landing fees decreased 43.6%, mainly due to a decrease in aeronautical rates and ground handling operations derived from the reduction of the operation during this year.
Depreciation and amortization fell by 12.1%, due to a decrease in maintenance depreciation derived from a lower level of operations.
Aircraft maintenance increased by 6.3% mainly due to non-recurring expenses associated with aircraft preservation measures, and the yearly adjustment to the maintenance provision for leased aircraft, though compensated by lower variable maintenance costs resulting from the reduced operation.
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Passenger service declined by 62.6% mainly explained by a decrease in the number of passengers carried in the year.
As a result of the above, gross margin (defined as operating revenue minus cost of sales) totaled a loss of US$589.5 million, compared to US$2,118.8 in 2019.
Other Consolidated Results
Other operating income increased in 2020 by 13.9%, from US$360.9 million in 2019 to US$411.0 million in 2020, as a result of US$62.0 million in compensation from Delta Air Lines Inc. for the cancellation of the purchase of four A350 aircraft and US$132.5 million associated with the Joint Business Agreement signed in 2019, as well as US$9.2 million from Qatar Airways for the early return of leased aircraft.
Distribution costs decreased by 49.3% to US$294.3 million from US$580.0 million in 2019, mainly as a result of lower reservations systems and data processing costs and wages and benefits costs, in line with the reduction in passenger traffic, decrease in average headcount and the devaluation of local currencies.
Administrative expenses decreased by 43.7% from US$735.2 million in 2019 to US$499.5 million, due to a reduction in average headcount in the year and a devaluation of local currencies.
Other operating expenses increased by 63.9% from US$422.8 million in 2019 to US$692.9 million as a result of expenses associated with tax, labor and civil legal proceedings.
Restructuring expenses totaled US$990.0 million in the year since the Initial Debtors filed for voluntary protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code on May 26, 2020, and included the fair value adjustment of fleet available for sale for US$331.5 million, aircraft lease rejections for US$268.5 million, employee layoff expenses of US$290.8 million and other legal and financial counsel fees.
Financial income increased by 91.7% to US$50.4 million in 2020 from US$26.3 million in 2019, due to an increase in interest-accruing assets as part of the portfolio that the company uses to manage cash.
Financial costs remained relatively flat year-over-year, decreasing by 0.5% to US$587.0 million in 2020 from US$589.9 million in 2019, resulting from a lower interest rate and offset by interests accrued on the company’s DIP financing facility.
Foreign exchange result increased by 48.6% to a net loss of US$48.4 million in 2020, mainly as a result of the devaluation of the Brazilian Real and Chilean Peso.
Other gains (losses) registered a loss of US$1,874.8 million, compared to a gain of US$11.5 million in 2019, principally due to a goodwill impairment of US$1,729.0 million, in addition to fuel hedging losses and slot write offs.
Income tax benefit for 2020 amounted to US$550.2 million as compared to an income tax benefit of US$53.7 million in 2019. This variation is mainly explained by an increase in the tax losses compared with the previous year, which implies a higher deferred tax asset in the current year and for the tax effect derived from several aircraft rejections. The higher deferred tax asset is reduced by a derecognition of previous and current deferred tax assets in some countries and for the non-recognition of taxes on losses derived from the goodwill impairment recognized in the current year. For more information, see Note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Net loss
Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 totaled US$4,555.5 million. Net loss attributable to the parent company’s shareholders was US$4,545.9 million in 2020.
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LATAM Airlines Group Financial Results Discussion: Year ended December 31, 2019 compared to year ended December 31, 2018.
The following table sets forth certain income statement data for LATAM Airlines Group, for the year ended December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018. Financial information for 2018 was restated to give effect to the application of IFRS16. For certain operating data for these periods, see “Item 3. Key Information—A. Selected Financial Data.”
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||
(in US$ millions, except per share data) | As a percentage of total operating revenues | 2019/2018 % change | ||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Results of Income by Function | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues | ||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger | 9,005.6 | 8,709.0 | 89.4 | % | 88.0 | % | 3.4 | % | ||||||||||||
Cargo | 1,064.4 | 1,186.5 | 10.6 | % | 12.0 | % | (10.3 | %) | ||||||||||||
Total operating revenues | 10,070.1 | 9,895.5 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 6.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (7,951.3 | ) | (7,773.4 | ) | (79.0 | %) | (78.6 | %) | 2.3 | % | ||||||||||
Gross margin | 2,118.8 | 2,122.0 | 21.1 | % | 21.4 | % | (0.2 | %) | ||||||||||||
Other operating income | 360.9 | 472.8 | 3.6 | % | 4.8 | % | (23.7 | %) | ||||||||||||
Distribution costs | (580.0 | ) | (615.2 | ) | (5.8 | %) | (6.2 | %) | (5.7 | %) | ||||||||||
Administrative expenses | (735.2 | ) | (736.3 | ) | (7.3 | %) | (7.4 | %) | (0.1 | %) | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses | (422.8 | ) | (356.3 | ) | (4.2 | %) | (3.6 | %) | 18.7 | % | ||||||||||
Financial income | 26.3 | 53.3 | 0.3 | % | 0.5 | % | (50.7 | %) | ||||||||||||
Financial costs | (589.9 | ) | (539.1 | ) | (5.9 | %) | (5.4 | %) | 9.4 | % | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) | (32.6 | ) | (38.1 | ) | (0.3 | %) | (0.4 | %) | (14.4 | %) | ||||||||||
Result of indexation units | (15.0 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (0.1 | %) | 0.0 | % | n.a. | |||||||||||
Other gains/(losses) | 11.5 | 53.5 | 0.1 | % | 0.5 | % | (78.5 | %) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 142.0 | 415.7 | 1.5 | % | 4.2 | % | (145.2 | %) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) tax expense | 53.7 | (73.9 | ) | 0.5 | % | (0.7 | %) | (172.7 | %) | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | 195.6 | 341.8 | 2.0 | % | 3.4 | % | (238.6 | %) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) for the period attributable to the parent company’s equity holders | 190.4 | 309.8 | 1.9 | % | 3.1 | % | (38.5 | %) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) for the period attributable to non-controlling interests | 5.2 | 32.0 | 0.1 | % | 0.3 | % | (83.8 | %) | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | 195.6 | 341.8 | 2.0 | % | 3.4 | % | (238.6 | %) | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share (US$) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 | n.a | n.a. | (38.5 | %) | ||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share (US$) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 | n.a | n.a. | (38.5 | %) |
* | The abbreviation “n.a.” means not available. |
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Operating Revenues
Our total operating revenues increased by 1.8% to US$10,070.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to revenues of US$9,895.5 million in 2018. The 2019 increase in operating revenues was attributable to a 3.4% increase in passenger revenues, partially offset by a 10.3% decrease in cargo revenues. Passenger and cargo revenues accounted for 89.4% and 10.6% of total operating revenues in 2019, respectively.
Our consolidated passenger revenues increased by 3.4% to US$9,005.6 million in 2019 from US$8,709.0 million in 2018, as a result of a 4.1% increase in capacity and the recognition of Multiplus revenues under passenger revenues after the integration of Multiplus into LATAM Airlines Brazil in May 2019. This was offset by a 0.6% decrease in RASK due to a 1.1% decrease in yields, which were impacted by softer international demand in the region due to currency devaluations in South America. In addition, load factor reached 83.5% in 2019, which represents an increase of 0.4 percentage points with respect to 2018.
Cargo revenues decreased by 10.3%, to US$1,064.4 million in 2019 from US$1,186.5 million in 2018. Decrease in cargo revenues is explained by an 8.8% decline in cargo yields and a 1.6% decline in traffic measured in RTK. Decline in yields was explained by weaker import markets, especially in Brazil and Argentina, mainly due to currency devaluation. In addition, exports in Chile were affected by the social unrest in fourth quarter 2019. Finally, the sale of the Mexican subsidiary MasAir during the last quarter of 2018, explained the decline of approximately US$37 million in cargo revenues during 2019 compared to 2018.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales increased by 2.3% to US$7,951.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 (from US$7,773.4 million in 2018), mainly due to more operations and an increase on 7.8% in passengers carried in 2019 compared to 2018. Cost of sales as a percentage of total operating revenues, increased to 79.0% in 2019 from 78.6% in 2018.
The table below presents cost of sales information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||
(in US$ millions, except as otherwise stated) | As a percentage of total operating revenues | 2019/2018 % change | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | 10,070.1 | 9,895.5 | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (7,951.3 | ) | (7,773.4 | ) | (79.0 | %) | (78.6 | %) | 2.3 | % | ||||||||||
Aircraft Fuel | (2,929.0 | ) | (2,983.0 | ) | (29.1 | %) | (30.1 | %) | (1.8 | %) | ||||||||||
Wages and Benefits | (1,428.1 | ) | (1,413.8 | ) | (14.2 | %) | (14.3 | %) | 1.0 | % | ||||||||||
Other Rental and Landing Fees | (1,271.4 | ) | (1,204.9 | ) | (12.6 | %) | (12.2 | %) | 5.5 | % | ||||||||||
Depreciation and Amortization | (1,329.9 | ) | (1,243.3 | ) | (13.2 | %) | (12.6 | %) | 7.0 | % | ||||||||||
Aircraft Maintenance | (444.6 | ) | (366.6 | ) | (4.4 | %) | (3.7 | %) | 21.3 | % | ||||||||||
Passenger Services | (261.5 | ) | (276.7 | ) | (2.6 | %) | (2.8 | %) | (5.5 | %) | ||||||||||
Other Costs of Sales | (286.8 | ) | (285.1 | ) | (2.8 | %) | (2.9 | %) | (0.6 | %) |
Fuel costs declined by 1.8%, as a result of a 9.1% decrease in the average fuel price per gallon (excluding hedge) as compared to 2018. The latter was partially offset by a 5.6% increase in fuel consumption, associated to an increase in capacity. In addition, in 2019, the Company recognized a US$21.2 million loss related to hedging contracts, which compares to US$47.3 million gain 2018.
Wages and benefits increased 1.0%, mainly explained by an increase of 1.4% in the number of employees, partially offset by the depreciation of local currencies.
Other rental and landing fees increased 5.5%, mainly due to a 7.8% increase in passengers carried and higher handling costs associated to an increase in the operations.
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Depreciation and amortization grew by 7.0%, mainly explained by 29 additional planes we received during 2019, the retrofit of the cabins and digital and IT projects during 2019.
Aircraft maintenance increased by US$78.0 million mainly due to an increase in line maintenance associated to improve reliability of our operations and the reception and operation of 29 aircraft in the year.
Passenger service declined by 5.5% mainly explained by a lower rate of passenger contingencies during the quarter compared to the same period of 2018.
As a result of the above, gross margin (defined as operating revenue minus cost of sales) equaled US$2,118.8, compared to US$2,122.0 million in 2018.
Other Consolidated Results
Other operating income decreased in 2019 by 23.7%, from US$360.9 million in 2019 to US$472.8 million in 2019, mainly due to the acquisition and subsequent merger of Multiplus with LATAM Airlines Brazil. Revenues from Multiplus are now registered under Passenger revenues, while previous to the merger with LATAM Brazil, revenues from Multiplus were registered under Other operating income.
Distribution costs decreased by 5.7% from US$615.2 million in 2018 to US$580.0 million in 2019, mainly as a result of lower reserve systems and data processing costs and wages and benefits costs, due to a decrease in average headcount and the devaluation of local currencies.
Administrative expenses remained relatively flat year-over-year, decreasing by 0.1% from US$736.3 million in 2018 to US$735.2 million in 2019, due to the devaluation of local currencies, offset by an increase of 1.4% in the number of employees.
Other operating expenses increased by 18.7% from US$356.3 million in 2018 to US$422.8 million in 2019 as a result of an increase of 7.8% of passenger carried and a non-recurring adjustment in the fourth quarter of 2018 associated with a reversal of a provision of PIS/COFINS.
Financial income decreased by 50.7% to US$26.3 million in 2019 compared with US$53.3 million in 2018, mainly due to the merger of Multiplus with LATAM Airlines Brazil. Investments made by Multiplus in 2018 were recorded under interest income, while investments made by LATAM with the cash that belonged to Multiplus are now recorded under Other gains (losses).
Financial costs increased by 9.4% to US$589.9 million in 2019 from US$539.1 million in 2018, mainly due to the early redemption of LATAM’s 2020 unsecured bond and the issuance of US$800 million unsecured notes due 2026.
Foreign exchange result decreased by 14.4% to a net loss of US$32.6 million in 2019, mainly as a result of the devaluation of 3.7% and 58.9% of the Brazilian Real and the Argentinean Peso, respectively.
Income tax benefit for 2019 amounted to US$53.7 million as compared to an income tax expense of US$73.9 million in 2018. This variation is explained mainly by a decline in pre-tax income in 2019 (US$141.9 million pre-tax income) compared with 2018 (US$415.7 million pre-tax income), resulting in an increased income tax charges, and the non-recognition of deferred taxes related to tax losses by TAM S.A. and LATAM Argentina in 2018. For more information, see Note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Net Income
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2019 equaled US$195.6 million, representing a decrease of US$146.2 million. Net income attributable to the parent company’s shareholders was US$190.4 million in 2019, representing a decrease of US$119.4 million.
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U.S. Dollar Presentation and Price-Level Adjustments
General
Foreign currency transactions
(a) | Presentation and functional currencies |
The items included in the financial statements of each of the entities of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries are valued using the currency of the main economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The functional currency of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. is the United States dollar which is also the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries.
(b) | Transactions and balances |
Foreign currency transactions are translated to the functional currency using the exchange rates on the transaction dates. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from the liquidation of these transactions and from the translation, at the closing exchange rates, of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are shown in the consolidated statement of income by function except when deferred in Other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.
(c) | Adjustment due to hyperinflation |
After July 1, 2018, the Argentine economy was considered, for purposes of IFRS, hyperinflationary. The financial statements of the subsidiaries whose functional currency is the Argentine Peso have been restated.
The non-monetary items of the statement of financial position as well as the income statement, comprehensive incomes and cash flows of the Argentine’s entities, whose functional currency corresponds to a hyperinflationary economy, are adjusted for inflation and re-expressed in accordance with the variation of the consumer price index (“CPI”), at each presentation date of its financial statements. The re-expression of non-monetary items is made from the date of initial recognition in the statements of financial position and considering that the financial statements are prepared under the historical cost criterion.
Net losses or gains arising from the re-expression of non-monetary items and income and costs are recognized in the consolidated income statement under “Result of indexation units”.
Net gains and losses on the re-expression of opening balances due to the initial application of IAS 29 are recognized in the consolidated retained earnings.
Re-expression due to hyperinflation will be recorded until the period in which the economy of the entity ceases to be considered as a hyperinflationary economy, at that time, the adjustments made by hyperinflation will be part of the cost of non-monetary assets and liabilities.
The comparative amounts in the Consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in a stable currency and are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the price level or exchange rates.
(d) | Group entities |
The results and the financial situation of the Group’s entities, whose functional currency is different from the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements, of LATAM Airlines Group S.A., which does not correspond to the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, are converted into the currency of presentation as follows:
(i) | Assets and liabilities of each consolidated statement of financial position are translated at the closing exchange rate on the consolidated statement of financial position date; |
(ii) | The revenues and expenses of each income statement account are translated at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates; and |
(iii) | All the resultant exchange differences by conversion are shown as a separate component in other comprehensive income. |
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For consolidation purposes, exchange differences arising from the translation of a net investment in foreign entities (or in local entities with a functional currency different to that of the parent), and of loans and other foreign currency instruments designated as hedges for such investments, are recorded within net equity. When the investment is sold, these exchange differences are shown in the consolidated statement of income as part of the loss or gain on the sale.
Adjustments to the goodwill and fair value arising from the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and are translated at the period-end exchange rate.
Effects of Exchange Rate Fluctuations
Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar in terms of the pricing of our products, composition of our balance sheet and effects on our results of operations. Most of our revenues 55% are in U.S. dollars or in prices pegged to the U.S. dollar and a substantial portion of our expenses 63% is denominated in dollars or pegged to the U.S. dollar, particularly fuel costs, landing and over-flight fees, aircraft rentals, insurance and aircraft components and supplies.
A substantial majority of our liabilities are denominated in U.S. dollars (74.9% as of December 31, 2020), including bank loans, certain air traffic liabilities, and certain amounts payable to our suppliers. As of December 31, 2020, 82.4% of our assets were denominated in U.S. dollars, principally aircraft, cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and other fixed assets. Substantially all of our commitments, including operating lease and purchase commitments for aircraft, are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Balance sheet imbalance denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of each specific entity creates a foreign exchange rate exposure that impacts our foreign exchange losses and gains due to exchange rate fluctuations. We recorded net foreign exchange losses of US$36.6 million in 2019 and net foreign exchange losses of US$48.4 million in 2020, which are set forth in our consolidated statement of income under “Foreign Exchange gains/(losses).” For more information, see Notes 2.3 and 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company has used estimates to value and record certain assets, liabilities, revenue, expenditure, and commitments. These estimates principally relate to:
(a) | Evaluation of possible losses due to impairment of goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life. |
(b) | Useful life, residual value, and impairment of property, plant, and equipment |
(c) | Recoverability of deferred tax assets |
(d) | Air tickets sold that will not be used. |
(e) | Valuation of miles and points awarded to holders of loyalty programs, pending use. |
(f) | Required provisions and their valuation when required |
(g) | Leases; and |
(h) | Investment in subsidiary (TAM) |
See Note 4 (Accounting estimates and judgments) to our audited consolidated financial statements for a full description of our critical accounting policies.
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
(a) Accounting pronouncements with implementation effective from January 1, 2020:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 3: Business combinations. | October 2018 | 01/01/2020 | |||||
Amendment to IAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors. | October 2018 | 01/01/2020 | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 9: Financial instruments; IAS 39: Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement; and IFRS 7: Financial Instruments: Disclosure | September 2019 | 01/01/2020 |
The application of these accounting pronouncements as of January 1, 2020, had no significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
(b) Accounting pronouncements not yet in force for financial years beginning on January 1, 2019 and which has not been effected early adoption:
(b.1.) Not early adopted:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 9: Financial instruments; IAS 39: Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement; IFRS 7: Financial Instruments: Disclosure; IFRS 4: Insurance contracts; and IFRS 16: Leases. | August 2020 | 01/01/2021 | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 4: Insurance contracts | June 2020 | 01/01/2023 | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 17: Insurance contracts. | June 2020 | 01/01/2023 | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 3: Business combinations. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | |||||
Amendment to IAS 37: Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | |||||
Amendment to IAS 16: Property, plant and equipment. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | |||||
Amendment to IAS 1: Presentation of financial statements. | January 2020 | 01/01/2023 | |||||
IFRS 17: Insurance contracts | May 2017 | 01/01/2023 | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 10: Consolidated financial statements and IAS 28: Investments in associates and joint ventures. | September 2014 | Not determined | |||||
(ii) Improvements Improvements to International Information Standards Financial (2018-2020 cycle) IFRS 1: First-time adoption of international financial reporting standards, IFRS 9: Financial Instruments, illustrative examples accompanying IFRS 16: Leases, IAS 41: Agriculture | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 |
The Company’s management estimates that the adoption of the standards, amendments and interpretations described above will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the exercise of their first application.
(b.2.) Early adopted standard:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | |||||
Amendment to IFRS 16: Leases. | May 2020 | 06/01/2020 |
(b.3.) Adoption of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments for hedge accounting:
On January 1, 2018, the effective adoption date of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, the Company established the accounting policy to continue applying IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement for hedge accounting. On January 1, 2021, the Company will modify this accounting policy and adopt IFRS 9 in relation to hedge accounting, aligning the requirements for hedge accounting with the Company’s risk management policies.
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The Company has evaluated the hedge relationships in force as of December 31, 2020, and has determined that they meet the criteria for hedge accounting under IFRS 9 Financial Instruments as of January 1, 2021 and, consequently, they will be considered relationships continuous coverage.
The time value of the Options used as hedging instruments, effective at the closing of these Consolidated Financial Statements, will not continue to be designated as part of the hedging relationship but their recognition will continue in Other Comprehensive Income until the forecast transaction occurs at which time will be recognized in the income statement. As of December 31, 2020, the amount recognized in Equity corresponding to the temporal value of the options is ThUS $ (380).
The hedge accounting requirements of IFRS 9 will be applied prospectively. The Company estimates that the application of this part of the standard will not have significant impact on consolidated financial statements.
The Company is modifying the documentation of the existing hedging relationships as of December 31, 2020 in accordance with the provisions of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments.
IFRS/Non-IFRS Reconciliation
We use “Cost per ASK” and “Cost per ASK excluding fuel price variations” in analyzing operating expenses on a per unit basis. “ASKs” (available seat kilometers) measures the number of seats of capacity available for the transportation of passengers multiplied by the kilometers flown across our network. To obtain our unit costs, which are used by our management in the analysis of our results, we divide our total Operating Expenses by our total ASKs. The cost component is further adjusted to obtain “costs per ASK excluding fuel price variations,” in order to remove the impact of changes in fuel prices for the year. “Cost per ASK” and “Cost per ASK excluding fuel price variations” do not have a standardized meaning, and as such may not be comparable to similarly titled measures provided by other companies. These metrics should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating expenses or as indicators of performance or cash flows or as a measure of liquidity.
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Cost per ASK | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses (US$ thousands) | 5,999,957 | 9,689,325 | 9,481,230 | |||||||||
Divided by ASK (million) | 55,688.0 | 149,111.9 | 143,264.7 | |||||||||
= Cost per ASK (US$ cents) | 10.77 | 6.50 | 6.62 | |||||||||
Cost per ASK excluding fuel price variations | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses (US$ thousands) | 5,999,957 | 9,689,325 | 9,481,230 | |||||||||
– Aircraft fuel (US$ thousands) | 1,045,343 | 2,929,008 | 2,983,028 | |||||||||
Divided by ASK (million) | 55,688.0 | 149,111.9 | 143,264.7 | |||||||||
= Cost per ASK excluding fuel price variations (US$ cents) | 8.90 | 4.53 | 4.54 |
Other Operating Measures
LATAM uses revenues per ASK or ATK, as applicable, in analyzing revenues on a per unit basis. To obtain unit revenues, we divide our passenger revenues by our total ASKs and our cargo revenues by our total ATKs. We use our revenues as defined under IFRS for purposes of the calculation of this metric. Revenues per ASK or ATK, as the case may be, do not have a standardized meaning, and as such may not be comparable to similarly titled measures provided by other companies. This metric is not an IFRS measure of performance or liquidity. It should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for revenues or as indicators of performance or cash flows as a measure of liquidity.
The table below shows the calculation of our revenues per ASK or ATK, as applicable, in each of the periods indicated.
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
Passenger Revenues (US$ thousands) | 2,713,774 | 9,005,629 | 8,708.988 | |||||||||
ASK (million) | 55,688.0 | 149,111.9 | 143,264.7 | |||||||||
Passenger Revenues/ASK (US$ cents) | 4.87 | 6.04 | 6.08 | |||||||||
Cargo Revenues (US$ thousands) | 1,209,893 | 1,064,434 | 1,186,468 | |||||||||
ATK (million) | 4,708.3 | 6,356.7 | 6,497.6 | |||||||||
Cargo Revenues/ATK (US$ cents) | 25.70 | 16.75 | 18.26 |
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Seasonality
Our operating revenues are substantially dependent on overall passenger and cargo traffic volume, which is subject to seasonal and other changes in traffic patterns. Our passenger revenues are generally higher in the first and fourth quarters of each year, during the southern hemisphere’s spring and summer. In the Brazilian passenger air transportation market, there is generally higher demand for air transportation services in the second half of the year, making the second quarter the weakest for the Company. However, seasonality is partially mitigated by LATAM’s focus on business passengers (which are less sensitive to seasonality). Additionally, the expansion of the Company into other countries with different seasonal patterns has also moderated the overall seasonality of the passenger business.
B. Liquidity and Capital Resources
LATAM’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to US$1,695.8 as of December 31, 2020, US$1,072.6 million as of December 31, 2019 and US$1,081.6 million as of December 31, 2018. Additionally, the Company had short term marketable securities totaling US$0.3 million as of December 31, 2020, US$386.7 million as of December 31, 2019, and US$322.4 million as of December 31, 2018. Therefore, LATAM’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled US$1,696.1 million as of December 31, 2020, US$1,459.2 million as of December 31, 2019, US$1,404.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and US$1,614.2 million as of December 31, 2017.
The US$236.9 million increase in cash and cash equivalents and marketables securities from 2019 to 2020 can be explained mainly by a first, partial draw of the Debtor in Possession (“DIP”) financing obtained by the company and the draw in full of the Revolver Credit Facility (“RCF”), which more than offset the negative cash flow from operating activities in a year marked by the COVID-19 pandemic and its severe impact on the airline industry, and debt repayments done mostly in the first quarter of the year.
The US$55.1 million increase in cash and cash equivalents and marketables securities from 2018 to 2019 was explained mainly by an increase in proceeds from sales, partially offset by expenditures in aircraft acquisition.
Cash position and liquidity
The following table provides a summary of our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and our total cash position as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
(in US$ million) | ||||||||||||
Net cash flow from operating activities | (494.7 | ) | 2,826.7 | 2,073.3 | ||||||||
Net cash flow from (used in) investing activities | 33.6 | (1,419.2 | ) | (358.4 | ) | |||||||
Net cash flow from (used in) financing activities | 1,120.8 | (1,343.5 | ) | (1,608.6 | ) | |||||||
Effects of variation in the exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents | (36.5 | ) | (73.0 | ) | (166.7 | ) | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 1,072.6 | 1,081.6 | 1,142.0 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 1,695.8 | 1,072.6 | 1,081.6 |
As of December 31, 2020 in addition to cash and marketable securities, LATAM has access to US$1.3 billion of the DIP facility that has not yet been drawn and that are fully committed.
Net cash flows from operating activities
Cash flow from operations derives primarily from providing air passenger and cargo transportation to customers. Operating cash outflows are primarily related to expenses of airline operations, including fuel consumption. Net cash inflows from operating activities in 2020 amounted to a negative US$494.7 million, which means a decrease of US$3,321.4 million, or 117.5%, from 2019’s US$2,826.7 million. This was a direct consequence of the reduced operation (38% of ASKs compared to 2019) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and governments restrictions on travel.
Net cash inflows from operating activities in 2019 had increased by US$753.3 million, or 36.3%, up from US$2,073.3 million, mainly due to an increase in proceeds from sales explained by a stronger performance of points of sales Brazil and Peru and Delta Airlines compensation received.
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Net cash flow used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities in 2020 were an actually positive cash flow of US$33.6 million, meaning a reduction of US$1,458.8 from the US$1,419.2 million in 2019. The decrease can be explained mainly by a reduction in capital expenditures in aircraft, maintenance expenses and investment projects due to a cash conservation policy driven by COVID-19. The positive figure of 2020 is explained by the sale of certain real estate assets.
Net cash used in investing activities in 2019 had increased to US$1,419.2 million, from US$358.4 million in 2018. The increase was explained mainly by capital expenditures in aircraft, higher maintenance expenses and investment projects related to cabin retrofit. The inflow related to the net predelivery payments received by LATAM reached US$263.4 million for year 2019, higher than the net predelivery payments outflows of US$54.7million of year 2018. For further details, please refer to Note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Net cash flows used in financing activities
In 2020, net cash in financing activities amounted to US$1,120.8 million, an increase of US$2,464.3 million from the negative US$1,343.5 million in cash used in financing activities in 2019. In 2020, the company made US$793.7 million in loan repayments, a reduction of US$1,066.7 million as a consequence of the Company filing for Chapter 11. Total debt raised in year 2020 amounted to US$1,798.3 million, an increase of US$16.6 million compared to US$1,781.7 million issued in 2019. This is explained by the drawing of DIP financing and the Revolving Credit Facility that the Company had available, as the Company issued no bonds nor obtained loans.
In 2019, net cash used in financing activities amounted to US$1,343.5 million, a decrease of US$265.1 million from the US$1,608.6 million in cash used in financing activities in 2018. In 2019, the company paid US$1,860.5 million in loan repayments and issued US$1,781.7 million in new debt. Total debt issuances in year 2019 amounted to US$1,781.7 million, an increase of US$1,002.7 million compared to US$779.1 million issued in 2018.
Sources of financing
Long term
The Company typically finances our fleet with long-term loans covering between 80% and 100% of the net purchase price. It also finances our aircraft under sale and leaseback arrangements and operational leases in order to add flexibility to our fleet. For more information regarding fleet financing, please refer to the information below and to “—F. Long Term Indebtedness—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.”
From time to time in the past, we have considered, and may consider in the future, other forms of financing such as equity or debt, either secured or unsecured, securitization of ticket receivables or the securitization of fleet and engines.
Short term
LATAM has US$1.3 billion available related to undrawn portion of the “DIP.” This is a committed facility.
The Company has generally been able to arrange for short-term loans with local and international banks when it has needed to finance working capital expenditures or increase our liquidity. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had an outstanding stock of US$340 million in short-term loans with both local and international banks.
Capital expenditures
Our capital expenditures are related to the acquisition of aircraft, aircraft-related equipment, IT equipment, support infrastructure and the funding of pre-delivery deposits. LATAM’s capital expenditures totaled US$ 324.3 million in 2020, US$ 1,276.6 million in 2019 and US$660.7 million in 2018, and purchases of intangible assets totaled US$ 140.2 million in 2019, US$96.2 million in 2018 and US$87.3 million in 2017. See “—Sources of financing” above.
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The following chart sets forth the Company’s estimated capital expenditures for the 2021 calendar year, which are subject to change and may differ from the actual capital expenditures.
2021 | ||||
Fleet Commitments (2) | 773 | |||
PDPs (3) | 259 | |||
Other expenditures (4) | 822 | |||
(1) | The amount of Fleet Commitments presented includes all the committed deliveries with estimates regarding (i) changes in scheduled delivery dates; (ii) conversion of certain aircraft types and (iii) aircraft for which we do not expect to take delivery, regardless of the financing arrangement upon arrival, thus representing the sum of aircraft capex and future sale and leasebacks. |
(2) | Represents pre-delivery payments (PDPs) made by LATAM, or inflows received by LATAM after the delivery of the aircraft is made. All unpaid PDPs are assumed to be payable during 2021. |
(3) | Other Expenditures include estimates of capital expenditures on spare engines and parts, maintenance of on balance fleet, projects and others, plus purchases of intangible assets. |
At this time, LATAM is not able to fully determine the adjusted levels of estimated capital expenditures in light of the lower demand on air travel. The actual amount and timing of our future capital expenditures may be materially lower than our estimates as a result of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on demand for air travel in the regions in which we operate.
C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
During 2020, LATAM continued with the registration of its brands to guarantee its protection worldwide, thus strengthening the presence of the brand.
Trademark LATAM in Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Canadá, China, Colombia, South Korea, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, New Zealand, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Taiwan, European Union, Uruguay, the United States, and Venezuela; Trademark LATAM AIRLINES in Argentina, Bolivia, China, Colombia, South Korea, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Taiwan, European Union, Uruguay and Venezuela.
LATAM AIRLINES ARGENTINA in Argentina; LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA in Colombia; LATAM AIRLINES ECUADOR in Ecuador; LATAM AIRLINES PARAGUAY in Paraguay and LATAM AIRLINES PERU in Peru. LATAM CARGO has been registered and/or renewed in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, European Union, Uruguay, the United States, and Venezuela. LATAM CARGO BRASIL in Brazil; LATAM CARGO COLOMBIA in Colombia; LATAM CARGO MEXICO in Mexico.
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LATAM CORPORATE in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, European Union and Uruguay. LATAM FIDELIDADE in the following countries, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, New Zealand, Paraguay, Peru, European Union, Uruguay, and the United States. LATAM LINEAS AEREAS in Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; LATAM MRO in Argentina; Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, European Union, Uruguay, the United States, and Venezuela. LATAM PASS in Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, New Zealand, Paraguay, Peru, European Union, Uruguay, the United States, Venezuela and Australia. LATAM PASS MILES in New Zealand and Australia. LATAM TOURS in Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. LATAM TRADE in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, European Union and Uruguay. Trademark LATAM TRAVEL in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, European Union, Uruguay, the United States, and Venezuela; trademark LATAM TRAVEL SOLUTIONS in Panama; LATAM VIAGENS in Brazil; LATAM, JUNTOS MÁS LEJOS in Argentina and Ecuador. LATAM, TOGETHER, FURTHER in Australia, New Zealand, European Union and USA.
LATAMPLAY in Argentina, Colombia and Ecuador. LATIN AIRLINE NETWORK in Mexico, Nicaragua, New Zealand and European Union. LIBREVOLADOR in Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru. LIBREVOLADORES in Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru. LIDERES DEL SERVICIO in Argentina, LINEA AEREA CARGUERA DE COLOMBIA in Colombia.
TAM has filed for trademark registration, registered or renewed the following trademarks in Brazil, LATAM; LATAM AIRLINES; LATAM AIRLINES BRASIL; LATAM CARGO, LATAM CARGO BRASIL; LATAM FIDELIDADE; LATAM MRO, LATAM PASS; LATAM TRADE; TAM LINHAS AÉREAS; LATAM TRAVEL; LATAM VIAGENS; LATAM TRADE; LATAMPLAY; MERCADO LATAM; VAMOS LATAM.
FIDELIDAD in Argentina; FIDELIDAD TAM in Paraguay; LATAM AIRLINES ARGENTINA in Argentina; LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA in Colombia; LATAM AIRLINES ECUADOR in Ecuador; LATAM AIRLINES PARAGUAY in Paraguay and LATAM AIRLINES PERU in Peru.
D. Trend Information
On March 12, 2020, LATAM Airlines announced the suspension of its guidance for 2020 in light of the uncertainty due to the COVID-19 pandemic that is affecting the demand for air traffic. As of this date, LATAM has not reinstated its guidance, due to the continued uncertainty and it is not possible to quantify the exact impact on demand or how long it may take to recover, making it impossible to estimate results.
LATAM is taking measures to minimize possible effects of the current scenario, including cost reduction and capacity adjustments and filing for Chapter 11 reorganization in order to right-size the Group’s debt and operation.
At this time, LATAM is not able to fully determine the future impact on financial results in light of the expected lower demand on air travel as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on demand for air travel in the regions in which the group operates.
E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The company does not currently have off-balance sheet fleet arrangements as a result of the adoption of IFRS 16. See Note 17 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a more detailed discussion of these commitments.
For other commitments, see Note 32 - (b) Other commitments - to our consolidated financial statements.
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F. Contractual Obligations
Long Term Indebtedness
Secured Debt
Aircraft Debt
1. | ECA/EX-IM: Bank loans & bonds guaranteed by Export-Import Bank of the United States (“EX-IM Bank”) and Export Credit Agency (“ECA”) guaranteed loan debt. As of December 31, 2020, the total outstanding amount under these facilities was US$1,476 million. In general, ECA and EX–IM financings have a 12-year repayment profile. |
2. | Commercial Bank Loans: As of December 31, 2020, secured commercial bank loans debt totaled US$1,342 million. |
3. | Tax Leases: LATAM has secured debt through Japanese Leases with a call option (“JOLCO”). As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding obligations under these tax leases were US$685 million. |
Non Aircraft Debt
1. | Revolving Credit Facility (RCF): During March and April 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. fully drew the secured line of US $600 million. This financing expires on March 29, 2022 and is guaranteed by collateral consisting of aircrafts, engines and spare parts. The first draw was on March 27, 2020 with an amount of US $504.7 million. The second draw was on April 7, 2020 and the amount was US $72 million. The third draw was on April 14, 2020 and the amount was US $ 11.2 million. Finally, the fourth and final draw was on April 21, 2020 for US $12.1 million. |
2. | Debtor in Possession (DIP): On October 10, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. drew US$ 1.15 billion, of which US$0.4 billion was provided by Related Parties, of the committed credit line of the “DIP” financing. The financing matures on April 10, 2022 and is guaranteed by the Chapter 11 Debtors and secured by collateral consisting of routes, slots, engines and spare parts. With this first draw, the company still has US $ 1.3 billion available to draw according the company needs as the entire line is compromised by a total of US $ 2,45 billion. For additional information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Chapter 11 Proceedings—Debtor-in-Possession Financing.” |
Other
1. | Pre-Delivery Payments (“PDP”) financing: As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding amount under PDP financings was US$143 million. |
Unsecured Debt
1. | LATAM 2024 Notes: On April 11, 2017, LATAM Finance Limited, an affiliate of LATAM Airlines Group S.A., issued long-term bonds in the international markets in the amount of US$700 million, maturing in 2024 with an annual interest rate of 6.875%. As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding amount under the LATAM 2024 Notes was US$733 million. |
2. | 2026 Notes: On February 4, 2019, LATAM Finance Limited, an affiliate of LATAM Airlines Group S.A., issued long-term bonds in the international markets in the amount of US$600 million, maturing in 2026 with an annual interest rate of 7.000% (the “2026 Notes”). On July 11, 2019, LATAM Finance Limited, an affiliate of LATAM Airlines Group S.A., issued a re-opening of the 2026 notes in the amount of US$200 million, maturing in 2026 with an annual interest rate of 7.000%. As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding amount under the 2026 Notes was US$850 million |
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3. | Local Bonds: On August 17, 2017, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. issued local bonds on the Santiago Stock Exchange in the aggregate amount of UF 9,000,000 comprised of the Series A Bonds (BLATM-A), Series B Bonds (BLATM-B), Series C Bonds (BLATM-C) and Series D Bonds (BLATM-D), which correspond to the first issue of bonds under the bond line registered in the Securities Registry of the CMF under number 862. The total amount of Series A Bonds issued was UF 2,500,000 with a maturity date of June 1, 2022 bearing nominal interest rate at 5.25% annually. The total amount of Series B Bonds issued was UF 2,500,000 with a maturity date of January 1, 2028 bearing nominal interest rate at 5.75% annually. The total amount of Series C Bonds issued was UF 1,850,000 with a maturity date of June 1, 2022 bearing nominal interest rate at 5.25% annually. The total amount of Series D Bonds issued was UF 1,850,000, with a maturity date of January 1, 2028 bearing nominal interest rate at 5.75% annually. On June 6, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. issued local bonds listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange designated as the Series E Bonds (BLATM-E), which correspond to the first issue of bonds under the bond line registered in the Securities Registry of the CMF under number 921. The total amount of Series E Bonds issued was UF 5,500,000 with a maturity date of April 15, 2029 bearing nominal interest rate at 3.60% annually. As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding amount of Local Bonds was US$599 million |
4. | Commercial Bank Loans: As of December 31, 2020, unsecured Commercial Bank loans debt stood at US$81 million. |
As of December 31, 2020, the average interest rate of our debt was 4.89%. Out of the total debt, 44.6% accrues interest at a fixed rate (either through a stated fixed interest rate or through the use of interest rate swap agreements) or is subject to interest rate caps. When considering the US$375 million of DIP financing provided by Related Parties, the average interest rate of our debt was 5.44% and the portion of debt at a fixed rate was 42.4%.
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM had US$2.207 billion in current debt liabilities. Of this amount, US$426 million consisted of short-term debt, which represents 19% of our total current debt liabilities.
As of December 31, 2020, we had purchase obligations totaling US$3.4 billion (US7.5 billion according to manufacturer’s list price), with deliveries between 2020 and 2026, as set forth below:
● | Airbus A320-Family, passenger aircraft deliveries: 42 |
● | Wide-body passenger aircraft deliveries (which include the Airbus A350 1000XWB and the Boeing 787-9): 8 |
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our material expected obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2020, which are based on certain estimates and assumptions and may differ from the obligations and commitments we actually pay in future periods.
Payments due by period, as of December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||
(US$ in millions) | Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years | ||||||||||||
Financial debt obligations(1) | US$ 7,600 | US$ 2,207 | US$ 2,546 | US$ 1,206 | US$ 1,640 | ||||||||||||
Lease obligations | US$ 3,563 | US$ 932 | US$ 1,325 | US$ 982 | US$ 323 | ||||||||||||
Fleet Commitments | US$ 3,419 | US$ 773 | US$ 1,772 | US$ 498 | US$ 376 | ||||||||||||
DIP financing provided by Related Parties(2) | US$ 390 | - | US$ 390 | - | - | ||||||||||||
TOTAL | US$ 14,972 | US$ 3,912 | US$ 6,033 | US$ 2,686 | US$ 2,339 |
(1) | Financial debt obligations reflect principal payments on outstanding debt obligations, including aircraft debt, senior notes, long-term and short-term bank loans and PDP financing. |
(2) | Includes capitalized fees and interest |
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2020 Fleet Additions
During 2020, LATAM had no additions to the fleet.
2019 Fleet Additions
During 2019, LATAM completed the addition of the following wide body aircraft:
● | Three Airbus A350-900 through leases, one Airbus A350-900 through cash payment and two Boeing 787-9 through a tax lease. |
During 2019, LATAM completed the addition of the following narrow body aircraft:
● | Fourteen Airbus A320-200 and three A320 Neo through leases and six Airbus A320 Neo through tax leases. |
2018 Fleet Additions
During 2018, LATAM completed the addition of the following wide body aircraft:
● | Two Airbus A350-900 passenger aircraft, financed through sale and leaseback transactions with a 12-year term. |
During 2018, LATAM completed the addition of the following narrow body aircraft:
● | Two Airbus A321 passenger aircraft, financed through leases with 10.5-year terms. |
G. Safe Harbor
Not applicable.
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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. Directors and Senior Management
The LATAM Airlines Group board of directors consists of nine directors who are elected every two years for two-year terms at annual regular shareholders’ meetings or, if necessary, at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting, and may be re-elected. The board of directors may appoint replacements to fill any vacancies that occur during periods between elections. Scheduled meetings of the board of directors are held once a month and extraordinary board of directors’ meetings are called by the chairman of the board of directors. Extraordinary meetings can be called by the chairman, or when requested by one or more directors if the need for such a meeting is previously approved by the chairman, unless the meeting is requested by a majority of the directors, in which case the meeting must be held without the previous approval of the chairman.
On March 31, 2020 Roberto Alvo, former Chief Commercial Officer, took over as CEO of LATAM Airlines Group, in the place of Enrique Cueto, who served LATAM in that capacity for 25 years.
On April 1, 2020 and on April 17, 2020 respectively Mr. Juan José Cueto and Mr. Carlos Heller resigned from the LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors, and as their replacements, the board of directors appointed Mr. Enrique Cueto and Mr. Enrique Ostalé respectively. Both of them were elected by the shareholders on the ordinary meeting of April, 30th 2020.
On September 7, 2020 Mr. Giles Agutter resigned from the LATAM Airline’s Group’s board of directors, and as his replacement, the board of directors appointed Mr. Alexander D. Wilcox on October 6, 2020 until the next ordinary shareholders’ meeting of LATAM which should take place during the first quarter of 2021, when the election and renewal of the whole Board of Directors will take place.
The current board of directors was elected at the ordinary shareholders’ meeting held on April 30, 2020. The entire board will stand for re-election at our annual shareholders meeting in 2021.
The following are LATAM Airlines Group’s directors:
Directors | Position | |
Ignacio Cueto(1) | Director / Chairman | |
Enrique Ostalé | Director | |
Enrique Cueto(1) | Director | |
Nicolás Eblen (2) | Director | |
Henri Philippe Reichstul | Director | |
Patrick Horn | Director | |
Alexander Wilcox | Director | |
Eduardo Novoa | Director | |
Sonia Villalobos | Director |
Senior Management | Position | |
Roberto Alvo | CEO LATAM | |
Ramiro Alfonsín | CFO LATAM | |
Marty St. George | CCO LATAM | |
Paulo Miranda | VP Customers LATAM | |
Hernán Pasman | VP Operations, Maintenance and Fleet LATAM | |
Emilio del Real | VP Human Resources | |
Juan Carlos Menció | VP Legal |
(1) | Messrs. Ignacio and Enrique Cueto are brothers. Both are members of the Cueto Group, which is defined in “Item 7” as a “Major Shareholder.” |
(2) | Mr. Nicolás Eblen is a member of the Eblen Group, which is defined in “Item 7” as a “Major Shareholder.” |
Biographical Information
Set forth below are brief biographical descriptions of LATAM Airlines Group’s directors and senior management. All of LATAM’s directors are Chilean citizens, with the exception of three members.
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Directors
Mr. Ignacio Cueto, has served as a member of LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors and as Chairman since April 2017 and was re-elected to the board of directors of LATAM in April 2019 and April 2020. Mr. Cueto’s career in the airline industry extends over 30 years. In 1985, Mr. Cueto assumed the position of Vice President of Sales at Fast Air Carrier, a national cargo company of that time. In 1985, Mr. Cueto became Service Manager and Commercial Manager for the Miami sales office. Mr. Cueto later served on the board of directors of Ladeco (from 1994 to 1997) and LAN (from 1995 to 1997). Mr. Cueto served as President of LAN Cargo from 1995 to 1998, as Chief Executive Officer-Passenger Business from 1999 to 2005, and as President and Chief Operating Officer of LAN since 2005 until the combination with TAM in 2012. Mr. Cueto later served as LAN’s CEO until April 2017. Mr. Cueto also led the establishment of the different affiliates that the Company has in South America, as well as the implementation of key alliances with other airlines. Mr. Cueto is a member of the Cueto Group. As of February 28, 2021, Mr. Cueto shared in the beneficial ownership of 99,381,777 common shares of LATAM Airlines Group (16.39% of LATAM Airlines Group’s outstanding shares) held by the Cueto Group. For more information, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
Mr. Enrique Cueto, has served as a member of LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors since April 2020. Formerly, he held the position of LATAM Airlines Group’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), since the combination between LAN and TAM in June 2012. From 1983 to 1993, Mr. Cueto was Chief Executive Officer of Fast Air, a Chilean Cargo airline. From 1993 to 1994, Mr Cueto was a member of the board of LAN Airlines. Thereafter, Mr. Cueto held the position of CEO of LAN until June 2012. Mr. Cueto is member of the International Air Transport Association (“IATA”) Board of Governors. He is also member of the Board of the Endeavor foundation, an organization dedicated to the promotion of entrepreneurship in Chile, and Executive Member of the Latin American and Caribbean Air Transport Association (“ALTA”). Mr. Cueto is the brother of Mr. Ignacio Cueto, Chairman of the board. Mr. Cueto is also a member of the Cueto Group. As of February 28, 2021, Mr. Cueto shared in the beneficial ownership of 99,381,777 common shares of LATAM Airlines Group (16.39% of LATAM Airlines Group’s outstanding shares) held by the Cueto Group. For more information, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
Mr. Enrique Ostalé joined LATAM Airlines Group’s Board of Directors in April 2020. He is also Chairman of the Board of Walmart Mexico and Central America SBA, and Walmart Chile S.A. Prior to this role, he was Executive Vice President and Regional Chief Executive Officer – U.K, Latin America and Africa, at Walmart International. Mr. Ostalé assumed this expanded regional role in April 2017 after serving previously as CEO of Walmart Latin America, India and Africa (2016- 17), as CEO of Walmart Mexico, Central America and Latin America (2013-16) and president and CEO of Walmart Chile (2006-13), when he led the successful transition of D&S S.A into what is today Walmart Chile, following its acquisition by Walmart Inc. in 2009. Mr. Ostalé holds an undergraduate degree in economics and business administration from Adolfo Ibáñez University and a Master of Science in Accounting and Finance from the London School of Economics.
Mr. Nicolás Eblen, has served on LATAM’s board of directors since April 2017 and was re-elected to the board of directors of LATAM in April 2019 and April 2020. Mr. Eblen currently serves as CEO of Inversiones Andes SpA, a position he has held since 2010. In addition, he serves on the board of directors of Granja Marina Tornagaleones S.A., Río Dulce S.A., Patagonia SeaFarms Inc., SalmonChile A.G., and Sociedad Agrícola La Cascada Ltda. Mr. Eblen holds a Bachelor’s degree in Industrial Engineering, major in Computer Science from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and a Master in Business Administration from Harvard Business School. As of February 28, 2021, the Eblen Group had the beneficial ownership of 27,644,702 common shares of LATAM Airlines Group (4.56% of LATAM Airlines Group’s outstanding shares). For more information, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
Mr. Henri Philippe Reichstul, joined LATAM’s board of directors in April 2014 and was reelected to the board of directors of LATAM in April 2019 and April 2020. Mr. Reichstul is a Brazilian citizen and has served as President of Petrobras and the IPEA-Institute for Economic and Social Planning and Executive Vice President of Banco Inter American Express S.A. Currently, in addition to his roles as Administrative Board member of TAM and LATAM Group, he is also a member of the board of directors of Repsol and chairman of the board of Fives, among others. Mr. Reichstul is an economist with an undergraduate degree from the Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of São Paulo, and postgraduate work degrees in the same discipline—Hertford College—Oxford University.
Mr. Patrick Horn, has served on LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors since April 2019 and was reelected in April 2020. He is currently a Member of the Economic Council of the Universidad de los Andes and director of non-profits such as Aportes Chile. He has more than 35 years’ experience as an executive, both in Chile and abroad, in companies including British American Tobacco Co., Unilever, Compañía Sudamericana de Vapores and Grupo Ultramar, where he was also director of subsidiaries. Mr. Horn graduated as an Industrial Civil Engineer from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso and holds a Master of Science in Industrial Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S. He has participated in executive programs at the training centers of British American Tobacco Co. and Unilever in London, and at Kellogg Business School. He also completed a business management program (PADE) at the Universidad de los Andes business school (ESE).
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Mr. Alexander Wilcox has served on LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors since October 2020. Mr. Wilcox resides in the United States and has broad experience in the aviation industry where he held executive positions in several airlines between 1996 and 2005. Mr. Wilcox is a cofounder and the CEO of JSX, a public charter commuter air carrier in the U.S. Mr. Wilcox attended the University of Vermont and earned a BA in Political Science and English.
Mr. Eduardo Novoa has served on LATAM’s board of directors since April 2017 and was reelected to the board of directors of LATAM in April 2019 and April 2020. In addition, Mr. Novoa serves on the board of directors of Cementos Bio-Bio, Grupo Ecomac, ESSAL and is a member of the advisory board of STARS and Endeavor. He was also a member of the board of directors of Esval, Soquimich, Grupo Drillco, Techpack, Endesa-Americas, Grupo Saesa, Grupo Chilquinta, and several companies in the region that were subsidiaries of Enersis and AFP Provida. He has also been a member of the board of Amcham-Chile, the Association of Electric Companies, YPO-Chile, Chile Global Angels and several Start-Ups. Between 1990 and 2007 he was an executive of several companies such as CorpGroup, Enersis, Endesa, Blue Circle, PSEG and Grupo Saesa. Mr. Novoa has a Bachelor of Business and Administration from the Universidad de Chile and a Master in Business Administration from the University of Chicago. He has participated in executive programs at Harvard, Stanford and Kellogg and was professor of finance and economics at several universities in Chile.
Mrs. Sonia J.S. Villalobos joined the Board of LATAM Airlines in August 2018 and was reelected to the board of directors of LATAM in April 2019 and April 2020. Mrs. Villalobos is a Brazilian citizen and a regular member of the board of directors of Petrobras and Telefónica Vivo. She is a founding partner of the company Villalobos Consultoria since 2009 and a professor of post-graduate courses in finance at Insper since 2016. Between 2005 and 2009, she was the Manager of Funds in Latin America, in Chile, managing mutual and institutional funds of Larrain Vial AGF. From 1996 to 2002, she was responsible for Private Equity investments in Brazil, Argentina and Chile for Bassini, Playfair & Associates, LLC. As of 1989 she was Head of Research of Banco Garantia. She graduated in Public Administration from EAESP / FGV in 1984 and obtained a Master in Finance from the same institution in 2004. She was the first person to receive the CFA certification in Latin America, in 1994. As a volunteer, she participates in the Board of the CFA Society Brazil, a non-profit association that brings together nearly 1,000 professionals who hold the CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) certification in Brazil.
Senior Management
Mr. Roberto Alvo is LATAM’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), a position he holds since March 31, 2020, prior to which he worked as LATAM’s Chief Commercial Officer (“CCO”), since May 2017, and was responsible of the Group’s passenger and cargo revenue management, with all the commercial units reporting to him. Previously, he was Senior Vice-President of International and Alliances at LATAM Airlines since 2015, and Vice-President of Strategic Planning and Development since 2008. Mr Alvo joined LAN Airlines in November 2001, where he served as Chief Financial Officer of LAN Argentina, as Manager of Development and Financial Planning at LAN Airlines, and as Deputy Chief Financial Officer of LAN Airlines. Before 2001, Mr. Alvo held various positions at Sociedad Química y Minera de Chile S.A., a leading Chilean non-metallic mining company. He is a civil engineer, and holds an MBA from IMD in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Mr. Ramiro Alfonsín, is LATAM’s Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), a position he holds since July 2016. Over the past 16 years, before joining LATAM, he worked for Endesa, a leading utility company in Spain, Italy and Chile, having served as Deputy Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer for their Latin American operations. Before joining the utility sector, he worked for five years in Corporate and Investment Banking for several European banks. Mr. Alfonsín holds a degree in business administration from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Argentina.
Mr. Martin St. George joined LATAM Airlines Group in 2020 as Chief Commercial Officer after a 30+ year career in the airline industry in both North America and Europe. Prior to joining LATAM, he operated an airline strategy consulting practice, where he served airline and travel-industry clients in the United States, the Caribbean and Europe, including a role as interim Chief Commercial Officer at Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA. From 2006 to 2019, he worked for JetBlue Airways, filling roles in marketing, network and ultimately serving as Chief Commercial Officer at JetBlue. Mr. St. George holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Mr. Paulo Miranda, is LATAM’s Customers Vice-President, a position he holds since May 2019. Mr. Miranda has over 20 years of experience in the aviation industry with different positions first at Delta Air Lines in the United States and then at Gol Linhas Aereas in Brazil. In his last role, Mr. Miranda was responsible for customer experience, having previously worked in finance, alliances as well as on the negotiation and implementation of joint ventures. Mr. Miranda holds a Business Administration degree from the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota, USA.
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Mr. Hernán Pasman, has been the Vice-President of Operations, Maintenance and Fleet of LATAM airlines group since October, 2015. He joined LAN Airlines in 2005 as a head of strategic planning and financial analysis of the technical areas. Between 2007 and 2010, Mr. Pasman was the Chief operating officer of LAN Argentina, then, in 2011 he served as Chief Executive Officer for LAN Colombia. Prior to joining the company, between 2001 and 2005, Mr. Pasman was a consultant at McKinsey & Company in Chicago. Between 1995 and 2001, Hernan held positions at Citicorp Equity Investments, Telefonica de Argentina and Argentina Motorola. Mr. Pasman holds a Civil Engineering degree from ITBA (1995) and an MBA from Kellogg Graduate School of Management (2001).
Mr. Emilio del Real, is LATAM’s Vice-President of Human Resources, a position he assumed in August 2005. Between 2003 and 2005, Mr. del Real was the Human Resources Manager of D&S, a Chilean retail company. Between 1997 and 2003 Mr. del Real served in various positions at Unilever, including Human Resources Manager of Unilever Chile, and Manager of Training and Recruitment and Management Development for Latin America. Mr. del Real has a degree in Psychology from the Universidad Gabriela Mistral.
Mr. Juan Carlos Menció, is Vice President of Legal Affairs and Compliance for LATAM Airlines Group a position he holds since September 1, 2014. Mr. Mencio previously held the position of General Counsel for North America for LATAM Airlines Group and its related companies, as well as General Counsel for its worldwide Cargo Operations, both since 1998. Prior to joining LAN, he was in private practice in New York and Florida representing various international airlines. Mr. Mencio obtained his Bachelor’s Degree in International Finance and Marketing from the School of Business at the University of Miami and his Juris Doctor Degree from Loyola University.
B. Compensation
For information on compensation, see “—D. Employees” below.
C. Board Practices
Our board of directors is currently comprised of nine members. The terms of each of our current directors will expire in April 2021. See “—Directors and Senior Management” above.
Committees
Board of Directors’ Committee and Audit Committee
Pursuant to Chilean Corporate Law, LATAM Airlines Group must have a board of directors’ committee composed of no less than three board members. LATAM Airlines Group has established a three-person Board of Directors’ Committee, which, among other duties, is responsible for:
● | examining the reports of LATAM Airlines Group’s external auditors, the balance sheets and other financial statements submitted by LATAM Airlines Group’s administrators to the shareholders, and issuing an opinion with respect thereto prior to their presentation to the shareholders for their approval; | |
● | evaluating and proposing external auditors and rating agencies; | |
● | reviewing internal control reports pertaining to related-party transactions; | |
● | examining and reporting on all related-party transactions; and | |
● | reviewing the pay scale of LATAM Airlines Group’s senior management. |
Under Chilean Corporate Law we are required, to the extent possible, to appoint a majority of independent board members to the board of directors committee. Pursuant to the Chilean Corporations Act, no person shall be considered independent who, at any time during the previous eighteen months: (1) Maintained any relationship, interest or economic, professional, credit or commercial dependence, of a nature and relevant volume, with the company, other companies of the financial conglomerate to which the company belongs, its comptroller, or principal executive officer of any one of them, or was a director, manager, administrator, principal executive officer or advisor of such companies; (2) Was a close relative (i.e., parents, father/mother in law, siblings, sisters/brothers in law), to any one of the persons referred to in 1 above; (3) Was a director, manager, administrator or principal executive officer of non-profit organizations that received contributions or large donations from any individual referred to in clause 1 above; (4) Was a partner or shareholder that possessed or controlled, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the company’s capital; a director; manager; administrator or principal executive officer of entities who had provided consulting or legal services, for relevant amounts, or of external audit, to the persons referred to in 1 above; or (5) Was a partner or shareholder who possessed or controlled, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the company’s capital; a director; manager; administrator or principal executive officer of principal competitors, suppliers or clients of the company. Should there be more than three directors entitled to participate in the directors committee, the board of directors shall elect the members of the directors committee by unanimous vote.
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Should the board of directors fail to reach an agreement, preference to be appointed to the committee shall be given to directors elected with the highest percentage of votes cast by shareholders that individually control or possess less than 10% of the company’s shares. If there is only one independent director, such director shall appoint the other members of the committee among non-independent directors. Such directors shall be entitled to exercise full powers as members of the committee. The chairman of the board of directors shall not be entitled to be appointed as a member of the committee nor any of its subcommittees, unless he is an independent director.
To be elected as independent director, the candidates must be proposed by shareholders that represent 1% or more of the shares of the company, at least 10 days prior to the date of the shareholders’ meeting called to that end. The candidate who obtains the highest number of votes shall be elected as independent director.
Pursuant to U.S. regulations, we are required to have an audit committee of at least three board members, which complies with the independence requirements set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Given the similarity in the functions that must be performed by our board of directors’ committee and the audit committee, our Board of Directors’ Committee serves as our Audit Committee for purposes of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.
As of December 31, 2020, all of the members of our Board of Directors’ Committee, which also serves as our Audit Committee, were independent under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. As of December 31, 2020, the committee members were Mr. Eduardo Novoa Castellón, Mr. Nicolás Eblen Hirmas and Mr. Patrick Horn García. We pay each member of the committee 80 UFs per monthly assistance to meetings.
Other LATAM Board Committees
LATAM’s board of directors has also established four other committees to review, discuss and make recommendations to our board of directors. These include a Strategy & Sustainability Committee, a Leadership Committee, a Finance Committee and a Customers and Businesses Committee. The Strategy & Sustainability Committee focuses on the corporate strategy, current strategic issues and the three-year plans and budgets for the main business units and functional areas and high-level competitive strategy reviews. The Leadership Committee focuses on, among other things, group culture, high-level organizational structure, appointment of the LATAM CEO and his or her other reports, corporate compensation philosophy, compensation structures and levels for the LATAM CEO and other key executives, succession or contingency planning for the LATAM CEO and performance assessment of the LATAM CEO. The Finance Committee is responsible for financial policies and strategy, capital structure, monitoring policy compliance, taxation strategy and the quality and reliability of financial information. Finally, the Customers and Businesses Committee is responsible for setting the competitive strategies of the Customers and Commercial Vice Presidencies with a focus on sales, marketing, network and fleet initiatives, customer experience and revenue management.
In June 2014, LATAM’s board of directors established a Risk Committee to oversee the creation, implementation and management of a risk matrix for the Company.
Corporate Governance Practices
In March 2020, LATAM Airlines Group filed the Company’s Corporate Practices Report prepared according to General Rule N° 385, previously N°341, of the Chilean Financial Market Commission (“CMF”) issued June 8, 2015. The reporting obligation stipulated in this rule is for practices in place as of December 31st of each year and the report must be presented no later than March 31st of the following year.
The report provided each year to the Commission must cover the following subjects:
· | how the Board works; | |
· | the relationship between the company, shareholders and the public in general; | |
· | how senior officers are replaced and compensated; and | |
· | the definition, implementation and supervision of internal control and risk management policies and procedures inside the company. |
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D. Employees
The following table sets forth the number of employees in various positions at the Company.
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
Employees ending the period | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||
Administrative | 4,477 | 6,966 | 6,380 | |||||||||
Sales | 982 | 2,505 | 3,106 | |||||||||
Maintenance | 4,487 | 4,911 | 4,928 | |||||||||
Operations | 10,195 | 13,538 | 13,391 | |||||||||
Cabin crew | 5,918 | 9,511 | 9,196 | |||||||||
Cockpit crew | 3,056 | 4,298 | 4,169 | |||||||||
Total | 29,115 | 41,729 | 41,170 |
(1) | As December 31, 2020, approximately 53% of our employees worked in Brazil, 25% in Chile, 9% in Peru, 3% in Argentina, 4% in Colombia, 2% in Ecuador and 4% in the rest of the world. |
Our salary structure is comprised of: (a) fixed payments (base salary and other fixed payments such as legal gratifications, local bonus, company seniority and others, depending on each country’s law and market practice); (b) short term incentives (associated with corporate, area and individual performance), applicable to our ground staff; (c) long term incentives (applicable to our senior executives (Senior Directors and above).
According to the local law requirements, we make pension and social security contributions on behalf of our employees. Additionally, for our air staff and specialized professionals such as mechanics, we have fixed and variable payments, subject to the local collective agreements.
Regarding benefits, we usually provide life insurance and medical insurance, complementary of the coverage provided by the legal system. We also grant other benefits, according to local market practice (meal, transportation, maternal and paternal leave, etc.). In addition, we have a global staff travel program, which grants free and discounted tickets to our permanent employees.
Long Term Incentive Compensation Program
LP3 compensation plans (2020-2023)
The Company implemented a program for a group of executives effective between October 2020 and March 2023 that expires in March 2023 (the “Compensation Plan”), which consists of an extraordinary bonus that may be paid annually or subject to accrual and is based on target prices of the shares of LATAM. This Compensation Plan has not yet been provisioned due to the fact that the action price required for collection is below the initial target.
Subsidiary’s compensation plans
a. | As consequence of the resignation of the executives of Multiplus, the option plans granted in respect of Multiplus S.A. were canceled (as of December 31, 2018, the options for current shares amounted to 247,500 shares for Multiplus S.A.). |
b. | As of December 31, 2019, payment contracts based on restricted shares signed with the executives of Multiplus were canceled. |
For more information, see Note 34 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Labor Relations
LATAM makes its best effort so that labor relations between the group, workers and their legal representatives are conducted based on the criteria of safety, efficiency and care for people. The challenges that 2020 represented for the airline industry and LATAM’s ongoing Chapter 11 proceedings, however, have had impacts on labor relations during the year and may continue to affect hiring processes, union negotiations, talent attraction and employee turnover, etc. In any case, the Company is always conscious of any contingencies or union conflicts that may arise, for which in the most critical areas, due to massive or possible conflict, it must always have contingency plans prepared to face those situations.
Chile
In 2020, the company carried out 10 collective bargaining processes with unions, of which seven are closed, and three are in the process of signing an agreement, all of them voluntary by the parties, which means that they were not the product of a legal obligation. Additionally, these collective agreements were agreed in accordance with current legislation, and all were approved by a large majority in the respective assemblies. Finally, as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the airline industry, in addition to the 10 collective bargaining agreements mentioned above, the company managed to sign seven collective agreements for two years with the aircrew unions, which allowed us to reduce or eliminate costs and operational restrictions of these groups.
Ecuador
In 2011 a union previously exclusive to cabin crew employees was integrated into the general employee’s union. This group maintains relations with the Company, but does not have the right to enter into or negotiate collective bargaining agreements under Ecuadorian law because less than half of our employees eligible for membership are members of this union.
Additionally, three employee associations were formed in 2012, including pilots, other general employees but composed mostly of maintenance employees and other composed mostly by employees of airport administration. In July 2019, the Company renewed the voluntary agreement with the pilot’s association, valid until July 2023, was modified on June 26, 2020 and the term of which was extended until December 31, 2023.
Argentina
On June 17, 2020 LATAM Airlines Argentina announced the cessation of operations, both for passengers and cargo.
As of the cessation of its operations, LATAM Airlines Argentina stopped flying to and from 12 domestic destinations (Buenos Aires, Iguazu, Bariloche, Salta, Tucuman, Mendoza, Cordoba, Neuquen, Comodoro Rivadavia, Rio Gallegos, Calafate and Ushuaia), and four international destinations (Miami, São Paulo, Santiago de Chile and Lima).
LATAM Airlines Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate from Argentina and connecting the country with multiple destinations in Brazil, Chile and Peru, including their connecting hubs, subject to restrictions of local authorities.
The situation that LAN Argentina faced required new agreements and an environment for the industry that would allow the company to be transformed, adapting it to the new world context and thus generating the conditions for it to be sustainable in the long term.
Unfortunately, a large part of these transformations have been impossible to materialize in Argentina due to the lack of agreement with the main players in the industry (especially labor unions), making it impossible to project LATAM Airlines Argentina as a sustainable project. Numerous conversations have been held with the authorities, where an understanding of the size and severity of the crisis was reached. The profound impact of the pandemic accentuated an already complicated situation for the company, which had been working for a long time on trying to achieve sustainable labor agreements. Unfortunately, the conditions are not in place today in the local airline industry.
After the brutal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at the global level, LAN Argentina opened a voluntary retirement program in April to give employees the possibility to choose this alternative. After seven months of the program, the voluntary retirement reached individual agreements with more than 1,300 employees in Argentina. Additionally, LAN Argentina ended the links with all the unions that were part of the company. At the same time, within the closing process, the company concluded the evacuation of the different spaces both the commercial and the airports offices throughout the country.
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As part of the process of cessation of operations, 453 dismissal telegrams (collaborators who have not reached an individual agreement) are pending due to dismissals forbidden by local labor legislation.
With the aim of providing a service of excellence under a sustainable structure, it was necessary to resize the structure dedicated to international operations. Considering the current regulatory context, it was achieved through a personnel suspension agreement, signed on September 15, 2020 with the Union of Air Navigation Personnel of Private Entities (“UPADEP”), a union recognized by the Ministry of Labor and with union status, which represents the personnel of foreign airlines and which, in line with what happens with the rest of the companies that operate in Ezeiza, it is the natural interlocutor of the company in the framework of its labor relations.
The agreement with UPADEP, which was renewed on December 30, 2020 for the months of January and February, allows us to draw a predictable horizon for the operation in its different phases, in addition to providing a solid legal and political scenario.
Finally, moving forward with this new agreement offers the Company the possibility to work together on different initiatives associated with the optimization and improvement of its processes, facilitating the adaptation of the international operation in Argentina to LATAM standards in the rest of the world.
Colombia
In Colombia we have five different unions. The company held negotiations with: (i) the Technicians Union (ACMA), in 2018, and reached an agreement that will be in force until June of 2021, (ii) the Cabin Crew Union (ACAV), in 2018, and reached an agreement that will be in force until June of 2021, (iii) the Industrial Union of Aviation Workers (SINTRATAC), in 2018, and reached an agreement that will be in force until June of 2021, (iv) the Pilots’ Latam Colombia Union (ADALAC), in 2018, and reached an agreement that will be in force until January of 2021 and (v) the pilots’ union, ACDAC, in an arbitration during the last quarter of 2017 and an arbitration of the year 2019 is pending
As of May 2020, the Social Dialogue table was installed with the five Unions that exist in the company, in order to renegotiate the collective agreements. We closed the year without any signed agreements.
Peru
In Peru, there are six unions that represent workers from different functional areas: pilots, cabin crew, aircraft technicians, flight dispatchers and airport workers. Our current collective agreements were signed for a duration of four years.
During 2020, as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the airline industry, LATAM Airlines Peru carried out four anticipated collective bargaining agreements with the pilots’ union, cabin crew union and the two aeronautical technicians’ unions, all of them voluntary by the parties. The company managed to sign collective agreements for two years which allowed for the reduction of costs and operational restrictions.
Finally, in 2020 negotiation continued with the flight dispatchers’ union (negotiation began in September 2018). These negotiations are expected to conclude with a collective bargaining agreement in the first half of 2021.
Brazil
Under Brazilian law, the term of collective bargaining agreements is limited to two years. LATAM Airlines Brazil’s collective bargaining agreements are valid for one year. LATAM Airlines Brazil has historically negotiated collective bargaining agreements with eleven unions in Brazil— one crew flight union, which represents pilots, copilots and flight attendants, and ten ground staff unions. In December 2020, LATAM Airlines Brazil renegotiated collective bargaining agreements with 10 unions. Negotiations continue underway with the union of Pilots and cabin crew.
E. Share Ownership
As of February 28, 2021, the members of our board of directors and our executive officers as a group owned 20.95% of our shares. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
For a description of stock options granted to our executive officers, see “—D. Employees—Long Term Incentive Compensation Program.”
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ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
A. Major Shareholders
Mr. Ignacio Cueto (Chairman of the Board of LATAM), Mr. Enrique Cueto (LATAM board member) and certain other Cueto family members and entities controlled by them, comprise the Cueto Group. As of Februrary 28, 2021 the Cueto Group beneficially owned (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act) 16.39%(1) of LATAM Airlines Group’s common shares. The Cueto Group is entitled to elect three of the nine members of our board of directors and is in a position to direct the management of the Company. In connection with the combination with TAM, members of the Cueto Group entered into a shareholder’s agreement with the Amaro Family, acting through TEP Chile, and TEP Chile entered into shareholder’s agreements with LATAM and TAM. See “—Shareholders’ Agreements.”
Following the combination with TAM, the Amaro Group became a major shareholder of LATAM Airlines Group. Please see “Item 4. Information on the Company – History and Development of the Company.” As of February 28, 2021, the Amaro Group owned 6.40%(2) of LATAM Airlines Group’s common shares. The terms of the shareholders’ agreement among the Amaro Group, LATAM and the Cueto Group require the Cueto Group and the Amaro Group to vote to elect individuals nominated to our board of directors in accordance with the direct and indirect shareholder interests in LATAM. See “—Shareholders’ Agreements.”
In addition to the Cueto Group and the Amaro Group, three other groups or entities are major shareholders of LATAM. As of Februrary 28, 2021, the Eblen Group, which includes our director Nicolás Eblen, owned 4.56% of our common shares; Qatar Airways Investments (UK) Ltd. owned 9.999999918% (4) of our common shares and Delta Air Lines owned 20.00% of our common shares.
The table below sets forth additional information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common shares, as of February 28, 2021, by our major shareholders or shareholder groups, and minority shareholders.
Beneficial ownership (as of February 28, 2021) | ||||||||
Number of shares of common stock beneficially owned | Percentage of common stock beneficially owned | |||||||
Shareholder | ||||||||
Cueto Group(1) | 99,381,777 | 16.39 | % | |||||
Costa Verde Aeronautica SA(1) | 82,376,937 | 13.58 | % | |||||
Costa Verde Aeronautica SpA | 9,228,949 | 1.52 | % | |||||
Inversiones Costa Verde Ltda. | 7,775,891 | 1.28 | % | |||||
Delta Air Lines | 121,281,538 | 20.00 | % | |||||
Delta Air Lines, Inc. | 121,281,538 | 20.00 | % | |||||
Qatar Airways(3) | 60,640,768 | 10.00 | % | |||||
Qatar Airways Investments (UK) Ltda. | 60,640,768 | 10.00 | % | |||||
Amaro Group (1)(2) | 38,792,870 | 6.40 | % | |||||
TEP Aeronautica S.A. | 26,783,613 | 4.42 | % | |||||
TEP Chile S.A. | 12,009,257 | 1.98 | % | |||||
Eblen Group | 27,644,702 | 4.56 | % | |||||
Inversiones Andes SpA. | 13,187,037 | 2.17 | % | |||||
Andes Aerea SpA | 6,152,633 | 1.01 | % | |||||
Inversiones PIA SpA. | 4,155,953 | 0.69 | % | |||||
Comercial las Vertientes SpA | 4,149,079 | 0.68 | % | |||||
All other minority shareholders | 264,818,671 | 43.67 | % | |||||
Total | 606,407,693 | 100.00 | % |
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(1) | The ownership figures for the Cueto Group in this table no longer consider the Amaro Group’s 21.88% interest in Costa Verde Aeronáutica S.A., following the transfer of those shares to a new company owned by the Amaro Group, TEP Aeronáutica S.A. |
(2) | The ownership figures for the Amaro Group in this table consider the addition of TEP Aeronáutica S.A.. |
(3) | Qatar owns 9.999999918% of total issued shares of LATAM. |
As of February 28, 2021, 8.62% of our capital stock was held in the form of ADSs. Chilean pension funds held 1.78% of our capital stock and other minority investors held 33.27% in the form of common shares. It is not practicable for us to determine the number of ADSs or common shares beneficially owned in the United States. As of February 28, 2021, we had 4,387 record holders of our common shares. It is not practicable for us to determine the portion of shares held in Chile or the number of record holders in Chile. All of our shareholders have identical voting rights.
Shareholders’ Agreements
Following the combination of LAN and TAM in June 2012, TAM S.A. continues to exist as a subsidiary of Holdco I and a subsidiary of LATAM, and LAN Airlines S.A. has been redesignated as “LATAM Airlines Group S.A.”
Prior to the consummation of the business combination, LATAM Airlines Group, the Cueto Group, today a major shareholder, entered into several shareholders’ agreements with TAM, the Amaro Group (acting through TEP Chile) and Holdco I, establishing agreements and restrictions relating to corporate governance in an attempt to balance LATAM Airlines Group’s interests, as the owner of substantially all of the economic rights in TAM, and those of the Amaro Group by prohibiting the taking of certain specified material corporate actions and decisions without prior supermajority approval of the shareholders and/or the board of directors of Holdco I or TAM. These shareholders’ agreements also set forth the parties’ agreement regarding the governance and management of the LATAM Airlines Group following the consummation of the combination of LAN and TAM.
Governance and Management of LATAM Airlines Group
We refer to the shareholders’ agreement among the Cueto Group and the Amaro Group (acting through TEP Chile), which sets forth the parties’ agreement concerning the governance, management and operation of the LATAM Airlines Group, and voting and transfer of their respective LATAM Airlines Group common shares and TEP Chile’s voting shares of Holdco I, as the “Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement.” We refer to the shareholders’ agreement between LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and TEP Chile, which sets forth agreements concerning the governance, management and operation of the LATAM Airlines Group, as the “LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement.” The Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement and the LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement set forth the parties’ agreement on the governance and management of the LATAM Airlines Group following the effective time.
This section describes the key provisions of the Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement and the LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement. The description of the LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement summarized below and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 20-F is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such shareholders’ agreements, which has been filed as exhibit to this annual report on Form 20-F.
Composition of the LATAM Airlines Group Board
Since April 2017, there are no restrictions in the Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement nor in the LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement regarding the composition of LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors. Therefore, once elected in accordance with Chilean regulation, members of the LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors have the right to appoint any member as the chairman of LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors, from time to time, in accordance with the LATAM Airlines Group’s by-laws. Accordingly, on May, 2017, on May 14, 2019 and on April, 30, 2020, Mr. Ignacio Cueto Plaza was elected as President of the Board.
On April 1, 2020 and on April 17, 2020 respectively Mr. Juan José Cueto Plaza and Mr. Carlos Heller Solari resigned from the LATAM Airlines Group’s board of directors, and as their replacements, the board of directors appointed Mr. Enrique Cueto Plaza and Mr. Enrique Ostalé Cambiaso respectively. Both of them were elected by the shareholders on the Ordinary Meeting of April, 30th 2020.
Recently, on September 7, 2020 Mr. Giles Agutter resigned from the LATAM Airline’s Group’s board of directors, and as his replacement, the board of directors appointed Mr. Alexander D. Wilcox on October 6, 2020 until the next Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of LATAM which should take place during the first quarter of 2021, instance in which the election and renewal of the whole Board of Directors will take place.
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Management of the LATAM Airlines Group
On September 10, 2019, LATAM announced that Enrique Cueto Plaza, Chief Executive Officer of LATAM (“CEO LATAM”) since June 2012, who left this position as of March 31, 2020, was being replaced as of such date by Mr. Roberto Alvo, current Chief Commercial Officer of LATAM. The CEO LATAM is the highest ranked officer of LATAM Airlines Group and reports directly to the LATAM board of directors. The CEO LATAM is charged with the general supervision, direction and control of the business of the LATAM Airlines Group and certain other responsibilities set forth in the LATAM Airlines Group-TEP shareholders’ agreement. After any departure of the current CEO LATAM, our board of directors will select his or her successor after receiving the recommendation of the Leadership Committee.
The head office of the LATAM Airlines Group continues to be located in Santiago, Chile.
Governance and Management of Holdco I and TAM
We refer to the shareholders’ agreement between us, Holdco I and TEP Chile, which sets forth our agreement concerning the governance, management and operation of Holdco I, and voting and transfer of voting shares of Holdco I, as the “Holdco I shareholders’ agreement” and to the shareholders’ agreement between us, Holdco I, TAM and TEP Chile, which sets forth our agreement concerning the governance, management and operation of TAM and its subsidiaries following the effective time, as the “TAM shareholders’ agreement.” The Holdco I shareholders’ agreement and the TAM shareholders’ agreement set forth the parties’ agreement on the governance and management of Holdco I, TAM and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “TAM Group”) following the combination of LAN and TAM.
This section describes the key provisions of the Holdco I shareholders’ agreement and the TAM shareholders’ agreement. The description of the Holdco I shareholders’ agreement and the TAM shareholders’ agreement summarized below and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 20-F are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the aforementioned shareholders’ agreements, which have been filed as exhibits to this annual report on Form 20-F.
Composition of the Holdco I and TAM Boards
The Holdco I shareholders’ agreement and TAM shareholders’ agreement generally provide for identical boards of directors and the same chief executive officer at Holdco I and TAM, with LATAM appointing two directors and TEP Chile appointing four directors (including the chairman of the board of directors).
The Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement provides that the persons elected by or on behalf of the Cueto Group or the Amaro Group to our board of directors must also serve on the boards of directors of both Holdco I and TAM.
Management of Holdco I and TAM
The day-to-day business and affairs of Holdco I will be managed by the TAM Group CEO under the oversight of the board of directors of Holdco I. The day-to-day business and affairs of TAM will be managed by the TAM Diretoria under the oversight of the board of directors of TAM. The TAM Diretoria will be comprised of the TAM Group CEO, the TAM CFO, the TAM COO and the TAM CCO, currently the CEO of TAM, will be the initial CEO of Holdco I and TAM, or the “TAM Group CEO” and any successor CEO will be selected by LATAM from three candidates proposed by TEP Chile. The TAM Group CEO will have general supervision, direction and control of the business and operations of the TAM Group (other than the international passenger business of the LATAM Airlines Group) and will carry out all orders and resolutions of the board of directors of TAM. The initial chief financial officer of TAM, or the “TAM CFO,” has been jointly selected by LATAM and TEP Chile and any successor CFO will be selected by TEP Chile from three candidates proposed by LATAM. The chief operating officer of TAM, or the “TAM COO,” and chief commercial officer of TAM, or the “TAM CCO,” will be jointly selected and recommended to the TAM board of directors by the TAM Group CEO and TAM CFO and approved by the TAM board of directors. These shareholders’ agreements also regulate the composition of the boards of directors of subsidiaries of TAM.
Following the combination, TAM continues to be headquartered in São Paulo, Brazil.
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Supermajority Actions
Certain actions by Holdco I or TAM require supermajority approval by the board of directors or the shareholders of Holdco I or TAM which effectively require the approval of both LATAM and TEP Chile before the specified actions can be taken. Actions that require supermajority approval of the Holdco I board of directors or the TAM board of directors include, as applicable:
● | to approve the annual budget and business plan and the multi-year business (which we refer to collectively as the “approved plans”), as well as any amendments to these plans; |
● | to take or agree to take any action which causes, or will reasonably cause, individually, or in the aggregate, any capital, operating or other expense of any TAM Company and its subsidiaries to be greater than (i) the lesser of 1% of revenue or 10% of profit under the approved plans, with respect to actions affecting the profit and loss statement, or (ii) the lesser of 2% of assets or 10% of cash and cash equivalents (as defined by IFRS) as set forth in the approved plan then in effect, with respect to actions affecting the cash flow statement; |
● | to create, dispose of or admit new shareholders to any subsidiary of the relevant company, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to approve the acquisition, disposal, modification or encumbrance by any TAM company of any asset greater than $15 million or of any equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities of any TAM Company or other company, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to approve any investment in assets not related to the corporate purpose of any TAM company, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to enter into any agreement in an amount greater than $15 million, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to enter into any agreement related to profit sharing, joint ventures, business collaborations, alliance memberships, code sharing arrangements, except as approved by the business plans and budget then in effect, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to terminate, modify or waive any rights or claims of a relevant company or its subsidiaries under any arrangement in any amount greater than $15 million, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to commence, participate in, compromise or settle any material action with respect to any litigation or proceeding in an amount greater than $15 million, relating to the relevant company, except to the extent expressly permitted in the approved plans; |
● | to approve the execution, amendment, termination or ratification of agreements with related parties, except to the extent expressly contemplated in the approved plans; |
● | to approve any financial statements, amendments, or any accounting, dividend or tax policy of the relevant company; |
● | to approve the grant of any security interest or guarantee to secure obligations of third parties; |
● | to appoint executives other than the Holdco I CEO or the TAM Director or to re-elect the then current TAM CEO or TAM CFO; and |
● | to approve any vote to be cast by the relevant company or its subsidiaries in its capacity as a shareholder. |
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Actions requiring supermajority shareholder approval include:
● | to approve any amendments to the by-laws of any relevant company or its subsidiaries in respect to the following matters: (i) corporate purpose; (ii) corporate capital; (iii) the rights inherent to each class of shares and its shareholders; (iv) the attributions of shareholder regular meetings or limitations to attributions of the board of directors; (v) changes in the number of directors or officers; (vi) the term; (vii) the change in the corporate headquarters of a relevant company; (viii) the composition, attributions and liabilities of management of any relevant company and (ix) dividends and other distributions; |
● | to approve the dissolution, liquidation, or winding up of a relevant company; |
● | to approve the transformation, merger, spin-up or any kind of corporate re-organization of a relevant company; |
● | to pay or distribute dividends or any other kind of distribution to the shareholders; |
● | to approve the issuance, redemption or amortization of any debt securities, equity securities or convertible securities; |
● | to approve a plan or the disposal by sale, encumbrance or otherwise of 50% or more of the assets, as determined by the balance sheet of the previous year, of Holdco I; |
● | to approve the disposal by sale, encumbrance of otherwise of 50% or more of the assets of a subsidiary of Holdco I representing at least 20% of Holdco I or to approve the sale, encumbrance or disposition of equity securities such that Holdco I loses control; |
● | to approve the grant of any security interest or guarantee to secure obligations in excess of 50% of the assets of the relevant company; and |
● | to approve the execution, amendment, termination or ratification of acts or agreement with related parties but only if applicable law requires approval of such matters. |
Voting Agreements, Transfers and Other Arrangements
Voting Agreements
The Cueto Group and TEP Chile have agreed in the Cueto Amaro shareholder’s agreement to vote their respective LATAM Airlines Group common shares as follows:
● | the parties agree to vote their LATAM Airlines Group common shares to assist the other parties in removing and replacing the directors such other parties elected to the LATAM Airlines Group board of directors; |
● | the parties agree to consult with one another and use their good faith efforts to reach an agreement on all actions (other than actions requiring supermajority approval under Chilean law) to be taken by the LATAM board of directors or the LATAM shareholders, and if unable to reach such agreement, to follow the proposal made by our board of directors; |
● | the parties agree to maintain the size of the LATAM Airlines Group board of directors at a total of nine directors and to maintain the quorum required for action by the LATAM Airlines Group board of directors at a majority of the total number of directors of the LATAM Airlines Group board of directors; and |
● | if, after good faith efforts to reach an agreement with respect to any action that requires supermajority approval under Chilean law and a mediation period, the parties do not reach such an agreement, then TEP Chile has agreed to vote its shares on such supermajority matter as directed by the Cueto Group, which we refer to as a “directed vote.” |
The parties to the Holdco I shareholder’s agreement and TAM shareholders agreement have agreed to vote their voting shares of Holdco I and shares of TAM so as to give effect to the agreements with respect to representation on the TAM board of directors discussed above.
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Transfer Restrictions
Pursuant to the Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement, the Cueto Group and TEP Chile are subject to certain restrictions on sales, transfers and pledges of the LATAM Airlines Group common shares and (in the case of TEP Chile only) the voting shares of Holdco I beneficially owned by them. Except for a limited amount of LATAM Airlines Group common shares, neither the Cueto Group nor TEP Chile were permitted to sell any of their LATAM Airlines Group common shares, and TEP Chile was not permitted to sell its voting shares of Holdco I, until June 2015. Since then, sales of LATAM Airlines Group common shares by either party are permitted, subject to (i) certain limitations on the volume and frequency of such sales and (ii) in the case of TEP Chile only, TEP Chile satisfying certain minimum ownership requirements. On or after December 31, 2021, TEP Chile may sell all of its LATAM Airlines Group common shares and voting shares of Holdco I as a block, subject to (x) approval of the transferee by the LATAM board of directors, (y) the condition that the sale not have an adverse effect and (z) a right of first offer in favor of the Cueto Group, which we refer to collectively as “block sale provisions.” An “adverse effect” is defined in the Cueto Amaro shareholder’s agreement to mean a material adverse effect on our and Holdco I’s ability to own or receive the full benefits of ownership of TAM and its subsidiaries or the ability of TAM and its subsidiaries to operate their airline businesses worldwide. The Cueto Group has agreed to transfer any voting shares of Holdco I acquired pursuant to such right of first offer to LATAM for the same consideration paid for such shares.
In addition, TEP Chile may sell all LATAM Airlines Group common shares and voting shares of Holdco I beneficially owned by it as a block, subject to satisfaction of the block sale provisions, if a release event (as described below) occurs or if TEP Chile is required to make two or more directed votes during any 24-month period at two meetings (consecutive or not) of the shareholders of LATAM Airlines Group held at least 12 months apart and LATAM Airlines Group has not yet fully exercised its conversion option described below. A “release event” will occur if (i) a capital increase of LATAM Airlines Group occurs, (ii) TEP Chile does not fully exercise the preemptive rights granted to it under applicable law in Chile with respect to such capital increase in respect of all of its restricted LATAM Airlines Group common shares, and (iii) after such capital increase is completed, the individual designated by TEP Chile for election to the board of directors of LATAM Airlines Group with the assistance of the Cueto Group is not elected to the board of directors of LATAM Airlines Group.
In addition, after December 31, 2021 and after the occurrence of the full ownership trigger date (as described below under the “—Conversion Option” section), TEP Chile may sell all or any portion of its LATAM Airlines Group common shares, subject to (x) a right of first offer in favor of the LATAM Controlling Shareholders and (y) the restrictions on sales of LATAM Airlines Group common shares more than once in a 12-month period.
In addition, after December 31, 2021 and after the occurrence of the full ownership trigger date (as described below under the “—Conversion Option” section), TEP Chile may sell all or any portion of its LATAM Airlines Group common shares, subject to (x) a right of first offer in favor of the Cueto Group and (y) the restrictions on sales of LATAM Airlines Group common shares more than once in a 12-month period.
The Cueto Amaro shareholders agreement provides certain exceptions to these restrictions on transfer for certain pledges of LATAM Airlines Group common shares made by the parties and for transfers to affiliates, in each case under certain limited circumstances.
Restriction on transfer of TAM shares
LATAM agreed in the Holdco I shareholders’ agreement not to sell or transfer any shares of TAM stock to any person (other than our affiliates) at any time when TEP Chile owns any voting shares of Holdco I. However, LATAM will have the right to effect such a sale or transfer if, at the same time as such sale or transfer, LATAM (or its assignee) acquires all the voting shares of Holdco I beneficially owned by TEP Chile for an amount equal to TEP Chile’s then current tax basis in such shares and any costs TEP Chile is required to incur to effect such sale or transfer. TEP Chile has irrevocably granted us the assignable right to purchase all of the voting shares of Holdco I beneficially owned by TEP Chile in connection with any such sale.
Conversion Option
Pursuant to the Cueto Amaro shareholders’ agreement and the Holdco I shareholders’ agreement, we have the unilateral right to convert our shares of non-voting stock of Holdco I into shares of voting stock of Holdco I to the maximum extent allowed under law and to increase our representation on the TAM and Holdco I boards of directors if and when permitted in accordance with foreign ownership control laws in Brazil and other applicable laws if the conversion would not have an adverse effect (as defined above under the “—Transfer Restrictions” section). In February 2019, we completed the procedures for the exchange of shares of Holdco I S.A., through which LATAM Airlines Group SA increased its indirect participation in TAM S.A., from 48.99% to 51.04%. This transaction was undertaken pursuant to the Provisional Measure 863/2018 of December 13, 2018, through which the participation of up to 100% of foreign capital in airlines in Brazil is permitted.
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On or after December 31, 2021, and after we have fully converted all of our shares of non-voting stock of Holdco I into shares of voting stock of Holdco I as permitted by Brazilian law and other applicable laws, we will have the right to purchase all of the voting shares of Holdco I held by the controlling shareholders of TAM for an amount equal to their then current tax basis in such shares and any costs incurred by them to effect such sale, which amount we refer to as the “sale consideration.” If we do not timely exercise our right to purchase these shares or if, after December 31, 2021, we have the right under applicable law in Brazil and other applicable law to fully convert all the shares of non-voting stock of Holdco I beneficially owned by us into shares of voting stock of Holdco I and such conversion would not have an adverse effect but we have not fully exercised such right within a specified period, then the controlling shareholders of TAM will have the right to put their shares of voting stock of Holdco I to us for an amount equal to the sale consideration.
Acquisitions of TAM Stock
The parties have agreed that all acquisitions of TAM common shares by LATAM Airlines Group, Holdco I, TAM or any of their respective subsidiaries from and after the effective time of the combination will be made by Holdco I.
B. Related Party Transactions
See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Chapter 11 Proceedings—Debtor-in-Possession Financing.”
General
We have engaged in a variety of transactions with our affiliates, including entities owned or controlled by certain of our major shareholders. In the ordinary course of business, we render to and receive from related companies’ services of various types, including aircraft leases, aircraft interchanges, freight transportation and reservation services. Such transactions, none of which is individually material, are summarized in Note 33 to our audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
On August 2, 2016, the board of directors approved the Policy on Control of Related-Party Transactions of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and its subsidiaries, which states:
● | Related-party means, among others, subsidiaries, affiliates, natural persons or legal entities with control of 10% or more of the Company’s voting stock, vice presidents, directors or senior executives as well as their respective spouses, relatives, and companies in which said persons are either direct or indirect owners of 10% or more of the Company’s voting stock, or in which they have held a position over the last 18 months. |
● | Related-Party Transactions can only be executed if said transactions are in LATAM’s interest and adjust to price, terms and conditions prevalent in the market for similar transactions with other third parties at the time of its approval. |
● | Any and all negotiations, acts, contracts or operations in which a company of the LATAM Group and a party related to such company serve as the participants will be subject to the Policy. |
Dip Financing
See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Chapter 11 Proceedings—Debtor-in-Possession Financing.”
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ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information
See “Item 3. Key Information—A. Selected Financial Data,” “Item 18. Financial Statements” and pages F-1 through F-131.
Legal and Arbitration Proceedings
We are involved in routine litigation and other proceedings relating to the ordinary course of business. The following is a description of all the material legal and arbitration proceedings.
In February 2006 the European Commission (“EC”), the Department of Justice of the United States (“DOJ”), the Canadian Competition Bureau (“CCB”), and the Brazilian Administrative Counsel for Economic Defense (“Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica” or “CADE”), among others, initiated a global investigation of a large number of international cargo airlines (among them LAN Cargo) for possible price fixing of cargo fuel surcharges and other fees in the European and United States air cargo markets. As previously announced, LAN Cargo reached plea agreements with the DOJ and the CCB, which included the payment of fines, in relation to such investigation. On November 9, 2010, the EC imposed fines on 11 air carriers for a total amount of €799.4 million (equivalent to approximately US$1.1 billion). The fine imposed against LAN Cargo and its parent company, LAN, totaled €8.2 million (equivalent to approximately US$9.4 million). LAN provisioned US$25 million during the fourth quarter of 2007 for such fines, and maintained this provision until the fine was imposed in 2010. In 2010, LAN recorded a US$14.1 million gain (pre-tax) from the reversal of a portion of this provision. This was the lowest fine applied by the EC, which includes a significant reduction due to LAN’s cooperation with the Commission during the course of the investigation. In accordance with European Union law, on January 24, 2011 this administrative decision was appealed by LAN Cargo and LAN to the General Court in Luxembourg. Any judgment by the General Court may also be appealed to the Court of Justice of the European Union. The European Court of Justice overturned the Commission’s decision on December 16, 2015. On May 20 2016 the EC confirmed that they had decided not to appeal the case and to issue a new decision with the aim of correcting the faults identified in the judgement by the European Court of Justice. On March 17, 2017, the EC re-adopted its decision and imposed on LAN Cargo and its parent company, LATAM, a fine in the same amount, €8.2 million, as the original fine. On May 31, 2017 LAN Cargo and LATAM requested the annulment of this EC decision to the General Court of the European Union. On December 2017 LAN Cargo and LATAM presented their arguments for this annulment and on July 2019 LAN CARGO and LATAM participated in a hearing in the Court of Justice of the European Union. LATAM is waiting for the outcome and expects a further reduction of the fine included in the decision by the general court of the European Union. On December 17, 2020, the European Commission submitted proof of claim for the total amount of the fine (KUS$10,072 or €8,220,000) to the Bankruptcy Court.
Civil actions have also been initiated against many airlines, including LAN Cargo and LATAM Airlines Group, in various European countries (Great Britain, Norway, Holland and Germany). In the particular case of Great Britain there was a mediation process, at the end of the year 2018, with the participation of all airlines involved to try to reach an agreement. LATAM Airlines Group S.A., reached an agreement for approximately GBP 636,000. A settlement was signed in December 2018 and payment was made in January 2019. This mediation process concluded the claim for all class actions except one, for which a settlement was negotiated during the year 2009, and which settled in December 2019 for the amount of approximately GBP 222,469.63. The payment was made during the month of January 2020. This concluded the claim for all class-actions in Great Britain. For all other countries (Norway, the Netherlands and Germany) the amount is undetermined. In the case of Germany, the case has been requested to be stayed, relying on the Chapter 11 proceedings.
On September 3, 2013, CADE published its decision to impose a fine of US$51.0 million against ABSA, after an investigation, commenced in 2008, against several cargo airlines and airlines officers over allegations of anticompetitive practices regarding fuel surcharges in the air cargo business. CADE also imposed fines upon a former Director and two former employees in the amounts of US$1.0 million and US$510,000 respectively. On December 5, 2013 ABSA filed its application for Administrative Reconsideration before CADE. On December 19, 2014, CADE issued a new decision which reduced the fine against ABSA to US$ 9,823,135 (based on an exchange rate of US$ 1 = R$ 3.3080). CADE also reduced the fines against ABSA’s Director and employees to US$ 247,896 and US$ 123,040, respectively (also based on an exchange rate of US$ 1 = R$ 3.3080). ABSA has initiated a judicial appeal against the Union Federal seeking an additional reduction of the fine amount. In December 2018, a Federal Court Judge ruled against ABSA, indicating that it will not apply an additional reduction to the fine imposed. The court’s decision was published in March 12, 2019. On March 13, we filed a motion seeking clarification of the federal court’s decision.
On September 27, 2019 a lawsuit was filed against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida under the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act, 22 U.S.C. Section 6021 et seq., (the “Helms-Burton Act”). Plaintiff Jose Ramon Lopez Regueiro alleged in the complaint that he holds an interest in the Jose Marti Airport which was confiscated by the Cuban government in 1959, and that LATAM Airlines Group S.A. unlawfully “trafficked” in the said property. The plaintiff seeks all available statutory remedies, including the award of damages for the alleged trafficking in the expropriated property, plus reasonable attorney’s fees and costs incurred, treble damages, post-judgment interest, and any other relief deemed appropriate by the court. LATAM is in the process of defending the claim, having filed motion to dismiss followed by a motion to stay discovery pending a ruling on the motion to dismiss. The matter is still in preliminary stages, and very little precedent has yet to be established to predict the final outcome of litigation should the matter proceed to trial and/or to determine the amount of reserve, if any. On April 6, 2020, the Court issued an Order of Temporary Suspension given the inability to proceed with the case on a regular basis as a result of the indefinite duration and restrictions of the global pandemic. The Court required the parties to notify on a monthly basis of the possibility of proceeding.
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Chapter 11 Proceedings
As further described herein, LATAM Airlines Group and 37 of its affiliates have filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. The cases are jointly administered under Case No. 20-11254 and are pending before the Honorable Judge James L. Garrity Junior. Additional information regarding recent developments in the Chapter 11 proceedings can be found in “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Recent Chapter 11 Developments.”
On June 1, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group SA, in its capacity as foreign representative of the reorganization proceedings under the rules of Chapter 11 described above, filed the request for recognition of the Chapter 11 proceedings as a main proceeding, pursuant to Law 20,720 (the “Chilean Insolvency Act”) in Chile, before the 2° Civil Court of Santiago (the “Chile Insolvency Court”). Case N° C-8553-2020. On June 4, 2020, the Chile Insolvency Court issued a ruling granting such request. All appeals filed against such decision were rejected and, therefore, is final. Currently the recognition proceeding remains open.
Aerovías de Integración Regional S.A submitted a request for recognition of the foreign reorganization proceeding in Colombia. On June 12, 2020, the Superintendence of Companies recognized in Colombia the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court as a main process, under the terms of Title III of Law 1116 of 2006. On October 2, 2020, the Companies Commission of Colombia acknowledged the decision adopted on September 18, 2020 by the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York that approved the DIP financing proposal submitted by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and the companies that voluntarily petitioned for Chapter 11, including the Colombian companies.
On May 27, 2020, LATAM Airlines Perú submitted a request for a preventive bankruptcy process before the National Institute for the Defense of Free Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property of Peru (“INDECOPI”) and is awaiting admission.
On May 26, 2020, LATAM Finance Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation in Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on May 27, 2020 by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open.
On May 26, 2020, Peuco Finance Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation in Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on May 27, 2020 by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open.
On July 07, 2020, Piquero Leasing Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation in Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on July 10, 2020, by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open.
On September 28, 2020, Peuco Finance Limited filed a petition to suspend the liquidation in Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. On October 9, 2020, the Grand Court of Cayman Islands accepted the petition and extended the status of temporary liquidation for a period of 6 months. Currently the proceeding remains open.
On September 28, 2020, LATAM Finance Limited filed a petition to suspend the liquidation in Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. On October 9, 2020, the Grand Court of Cayman Islands accepted the petition and extended the status of temporary liquidation for a period of 6 months. Currently the proceeding remains open.
On June 25, 2020, the National Corporation of Consumers and Users (“CONADECUS”) filed a class action against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. in a Chilean Court, for alleged breaches of the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights due to flight cancellations caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic, requesting the nullity of possible abusive clauses, the imposition of fines and compensation for damages in defense of the collective interest of consumers. On July 4, 2020 we filed a motion for reversal against the ruling that declared the action filed by CONADECUS admissible, a decision is pending to date. On July 11, 2020 we requested the Court to comply with the suspension of this case, ruled by the Chile Insolvency Court, in recognition of the foreign reorganization procedure pursuant to the Chilean Insolvency Act, for the entire period that said proceeding lasts, a request that was accepted by the Court. CONADECUS filed a motion for reconsideration and an appeal against this resolution should the motion for reconsideration be dismissed. The Chile Insolvency Court dismissed the reconsideration motion on August 3, 2020, but admitted the appeal. The appeal is currently pending before the Santiago Court of Appeals. The amount at the moment is undetermined. Parallel to the lawsuit in Chile, on August 31, 2020, CONADECUS filed on appeal with the Bankruptcy Court because of the automatic suspension imposed by Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code that, among other things, prohibits the parties from filing or continuing with claims that involve a preliminary petition against the Borrowers. CONADECUS petitioned (i) for a stay of the automatic suspension to the extent necessary to continue with the class action against LATAM in Chile and (ii) for a joint hearing by the Bankruptcy Court and the Chile Insolvency Court to hear the matters relating to the claims of CONADECUS in Chile. On September 16, 2020, the Borrowers filed their objection against CONADECUS’ appeal and the Official Unsecured Creditors Committee presented a statement in support of the Borrowers’ position. On December 18, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court partially granted CONADECUS’s request, only in the sense of allowing them to continue with their appeal against the resolution of the 23rd Civil Court and only for the purposes that the Court of Appeals determine whether or not the suspension is appropriate under the Chilean Insolvency Act. On February 9, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order to lift the automatic stay to permit the continuation of CONADECUS’ appeal in Chile against the judicial approval of a class action settlement with the Chilean Association of Consumers and Users (“AGRECU”).
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Class Action Lawsuit filed by AGRECU against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. for alleged breaches of the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights due to flight cancellations caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic, requesting the nullity of possible abusive clauses, the imposition of fines and compensation for damages in defense of the collective interest of consumers. LATAM has hired specialist lawyers to undertake its defense.
On July 7, 2020 we were notified of the lawsuit. We filed our answer to the claim on August 21, 2020. The Court admitted the answer and convened the parties to a reconciliation hearing on October 1, 2020. A settlement was reached with AGRECU at that hearing that was approved by the Court on October 5, 2020. On October 7, 2020, the 25th Civil Court confirmed that the decision approving the settlement was final and binding. CONADECUS filed a brief on October 4, 2020, to become a party and oppose the settlement, which the Court served to LATAM to give LATAM the opportunity to answer CONADECUS’s motion. The amount at the moment is undetermined.
Legal proceedings involving TAM
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. is party to one action filed by relatives of victims of an accident that occurred in October 1996 involving one of its Fokker 100 aircraft, in addition to 22 actions filed by residents of the region where the accident occurred, who claimed pain and suffering, and a class action related to this accident. All suits have now been concluded except one suit brought by the association of residents of a local street in respect of which TAM has been found liable by the 2nd Instance Court for damages to be assessed, subject to an appeal to the Superior Court. Most residents of the relevant street appear to have already been compensated through individual claims, which have been satisfied and thus should not be entitled to further compensation. No steps have been taken by any residents to try to obtain further compensation through the decision in favor of the residents’ association. Any further damages resulting from the aforementioned legal claim are covered by the civil liability guarantee provided for in TAM’s insurance policy with Itaú Unibanco Seguros S.A. (now Chubb Seguros).
In relation to the Airbus A320 aircraft (PR-MBK) accident of TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. (TAM) at CGH on July 17, 2007, settlements were concluded directly between the insurers/reinsurers and the victims’ families, third parties and ex-employees. Almost all claims and suits have now been concluded and there is ongoing litigation against TAM relating to only one fatal victim and one third party land owner. The administrative action regarding the extent of the primary insurance coverage payable regarding victims on board the aircraft remains on appeal by TAM and the other defendants to the Superior Court in Brasília. No steps have been taken by any party to attempt preliminary execution of the 2nd Instance decision and there should be good arguments to defend any such action based on the releases signed by all claimants upon receiving final compensation. The insurance coverage with Itaú Unibanco Seguros S.A. (now Chubb Seguros) is adequate to cover any further liabilities arising and LATAM Airlines Brazil will not incur any expenses that were not contemplated by the scope of the insurance policy.
Tax related proceedings
TAM Linhas Aereas and other plaintiffs filed an ordinary claim with a request for injunctive relief for non-payment of the Airline Workers Fund, a tax charged monthly at the rate of 2.5% of an airline’s total payroll. Currently, judgment is pending on an appeal that TAM lodged challenging the initial decision (which was ruled in favor of the Brazilian National Institute of Social Security (“INSS”)). Regarding the period between 2004 and 2012, the INSS issued a tax assessment notice charging amounts as a result of TAM Linhas Aereas’ non-payment of the Airline Workers Fund. The company made cash deposits to the Court of total amounts required to guarantee the debts potentially owed. The administrative proceedings have been suspended until the conclusion of the judicial claim. The approximate adjusted value of amounts potentially due in such proceeding as of December 31, 2012 was US$43.3 million. In the opinion of our legal advisors, losing in this proceeding is possible. Assuming payment of this tax is required by law, we have established a provision in the amount of US$ 67.6 million (R$ 357.643.742,34) related to the TAM’s part as of December 31, 2020.
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TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. is a plaintiff in judicial claim against the Brazilian government from 1993 seeking indemnity for damages suffered because of the break-up of an air transportation concession agreement that resulted in the freezing of TAM’s prices from 1988 to September 1993 in order to maintain operations with the prices set by the Brazilian government during that period. The process is currently being heard before the Federal Regional Court and judgment is pending an appeal by TAM. The estimated value of the action on December 31, 2020 is US$185.9 million (R$983million). This sum is subject to delinquent interest since September 1993 and inflation adjustment since November 1994. Based on the opinion of TAM’s legal advisors, and recent rulings handed down by the Brazilian Supreme Court of Justice in favor of airlines in similar cases (specifically, actions filed by Transbrasil and Varig), we believe that TAM’s likelihood of success is possible, even after the second judicial level court issued decision denying the claim. The Company filed a motion for clarification on the basis of omitted points in the judgment, which is pending in the Court. We have not recognized these credits in our financial statements and will only do so if and when a positive decision is rendered final by the Court.
TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. filed an ordinary claim, with a request for early judgment, to discuss the legality of charging the Adicional das Tarifas Aeroportuárias (“Additional Airport Tariffs,” or “ATAERO”), which are charged at a rate of 50% on the value of tariffs and airport tariffs. A decision by the superior court is pending. The amount of potential recovery is indeterminate at this time. The decision by the superior court (STJ) is pending since May 2020
A tax assessment was issued by the Brazilian IRS for the collection of Income Tax (“IRPJ”) and Social Contribution on Net Income (“CSLL”), and a fine of 150% and interest was imposed on TAM. In summary, the Brazilian IRS intends to levy IRPJ and CSLL on the alleged capital gain earned by TAM S.A., as a result of the reduction of the capital stock of the controlled company Multiplus S/A. On December 31, 2020 the updated amount of the assessment and fees discussed was approximately US$102.5 million (R$ 542,616,409.16 million). The Administrative Court issued a second level decision canceling the tax assessment. This decision was challenged by the Brazilian IRS before the third level Administrative Superior Court. The appeal from IRS is pending of judgment by Administrative Superior Court (“CSRF”).
A tax assessment was issued by the São Paulo Municipality in order to charge tax (ISS) on tour packages sold by Fidelidade Viagens e Turismo S/A between 2010 and 2015. On December 31, 2020 the updated amount of the assessment discussed was approximately US$83 million (R$ 439.911.966,10 million). The Company believes that a favorable outcome is possible. A first level decision was issued favorable to the company, but remains subject to appeal by the counterparty. The appeal from the São Paulo Municipality is pending of judgment since 05/2020.
A tax assessment of PIS/COFINS credits was issued by the Brazilian IRS on International Air Freight Shipping Services in the amount of US$ 51 million (R$ 270.355.667,19 million) as of December 31, 2020. The Administrative Court issued decisions canceling the total penalty and the major part of the amounts owed. The remaining amount is still under determination by the Brazilian IRS.
Federal Revenue Service issued a tax assessment notice against TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. in the amount of US$94 million (R$498.250.067,32 million) as of December 31, 2020, due to alleged irregularities of the Company related to the social security contribution on the risks of work accident (“GILRAT,” former “SAT”), in the term from November 2013 until December 2017. TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. has presented their defense to the Administrative Court, but on February 7, 2019 the court denied the defense and kept the tax assessment. The proceedings are now pending the judgment on the appeal filed before second level Court (the “CARF”). In the opinion of our legal advisors, losing in this proceeding is possible. It is important to highlight that the Company recently won a similar case where the Brazilian IRS was seeking the same contribution related the years 2011-2012, and this assessment was canceled by the Administrative Court.
On December 12, 2019 Brazilian tax authority issued a Tax Assessment of PIS COFINS credits related to 2014 on the amount of US$ 32.9 million (R$174,358,096.70 million), as of December 31, 2020. The company filed the defense in the same ground of the case reported above about PIS COFINS. In September 2020, the company was informed that the defense was denied. The appeal filed by the Company is pending judgment.
It is important to highlight that TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. has other relevant legal cases involving tax issues.
In addition, there are a few claims made to, and/or legal proceedings filed against the Company, though those are not expected to have a material impact on the Group’s financial situation or profitability. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of the pending claims, proceedings, and investigations described with certainty, management is of the opinion that their ultimate disposition should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, cash flows, or results of operations.
For additional legal proceedings relating to the ordinary course of the business, please see Note 31 (Contingencies) in our audited consolidated financial statements.
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Dividend Policy
In accordance with the Chilean Corporate Law, LATAM must distribute cash dividends equal to at least 30% of its annual consolidated net income calculated in accordance with IFRS subject to the terms of Oficio Circular No. 856 issued on October 17, 2014 by the Chilean Financial Market Commission, subject to limited exceptions. If there is no net income in a given year, LATAM can elect but is not legally obligated to distribute dividends out of retained earnings. The board of directors may declare interim dividends out of profits earned during such interim period. Pursuant to LATAM’s by-laws, the annual cash dividend is approved by the shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting held between February 1 and April 30 of the year following the year with respect to which the dividend is proposed. All outstanding common shares are entitled to share equally in all dividends declared by LATAM, except for the shares that have not been fully paid by the shareholder after being subscribed.
Holders of ADSs will be entitled to receive dividends on the underlying common shares to the same extent as holders of common shares. Holders of ADRs on the applicable record dates will be entitled to receive dividends paid on the common shares represented by the ADSs evidenced by such ADRs. Dividends payable to holders of ADSs will be paid by us to the depositary in Chilean pesos and remitted by the depositary to such holders net of foreign currency conversion fees and expenses of the depositary and will be subject to Chilean withholding tax currently imposed at a rate of 35% (subject to credits in certain cases as described under “Item 10. Additional Information— E. Taxation—Cash Dividends and Other Distributions”). Owners of the ADSs will not be charged any dividend remittance fee by the depositary with respect to cash dividends.
Chilean law requires that holders of shares of Chilean companies that are not residents of Chile register as foreign investors under one of the foreign investment regimes established by Chilean law in order to have dividends, sale proceeds or other amounts with respect to their shares remitted outside Chile through the Formal Exchange Market (Mercado Cambiario Formal).
LATAM Airlines did not pay the dividend planned for May 28, 2020, even though it was approved and agreed in the 2020 shareholder’s meeting of April 30, 2020, due to Chapter 11 proceedings. The rules of the Chapter 11 proceedings prohibit the Company from distributing dividends to its shareholders during the bankruptcy. In addition, any plan of reorganization cannot provide distributions to shareholders on account of the pre-petition shares unless senior shareholders are paid in full.
B. Significant Changes
Except as otherwise disclosed in our audited consolidated financial statements and in this annual report, there have been no significant changes in our business, financial conditions or results of operations since December 31, 2020.
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ITEM 9. | THE OFFER AND LISTING |
A. Offer and Listing Details
The principal trading market for our common shares is the Santiago Stock Exchange (“SSE”). The common shares have been listed on the SSE under the symbol “LAN” since 1989, and the ADSs were listed on the NYSE under the symbol “LFL” on November 7, 1997. LATAM was delisted from the NYSE on June 22, 2020, following its filing for voluntary protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. Our ADSs currently trade on the over-the-counter market.
As of December 31, 2020, a total of 606,407,693 million common shares were outstanding, including common shares represented by ADSs.
B. Plan of Distribution
Not applicable.
C. Markets
Trading
Chile
The Chilean stock market, which is regulated by the CMF under Law 18,045 of October 22, 1981, as amended, which we refer to as the “Securities Market Act”, is one of the most developed among emerging markets, reflecting the particular economic history and development of Chile. The Chilean government’s policy of privatizing state-owned companies, implemented during the 1980s, led to an expansion of private ownership of shares, resulting in an increase in the importance of stock markets. Privatization extended to the social security system, which was converted into a privately managed pension fund system. These pension funds have been allowed, subject to certain limitations, to invest in stocks and are currently major investors in the stock market. Some market participants, including pension fund administrators, are highly regulated with respect to investment and remuneration criteria, but the general market is less regulated than the U.S. market with respect to disclosure requirements and information usage.
Equities, closed-end funds, fixed-income securities, short-term and money market securities, gold and U.S. dollars are traded on the SSE. In 1991, the SSE initiated a futures market with two instruments: U.S. dollar futures and Selective Shares Price Index, or IPSA, futures. Securities are traded primarily through an open voice auction system; a firm offers system or daily auctions. Trading through the open voice system occurs on each business day from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The SSE has an electronic system of trade, called Telepregón HT, which operates continuously for stocks trading in high volumes from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange operates continuously from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. each business day. In February 2000, the SSE Off-Shore Market began operations. In the Off-Shore Market, publicly offered foreign securities are traded and quoted in U.S. dollars.
D. Selling Shareholders
Not applicable.
E. Dilution
Not applicable.
F. Expenses of the Issue
Not applicable.
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ITEM 10. | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
This Item reflects legal amendments effected by Chilean Law No. 20,382 on Corporate Governance, which was enacted on October 13, 2009, and came into effect on October 20, 2009, and Chilean Law No. 20,552, which modernized and encouraged competition in the financial system, which was enacted on November 6, 2011 and came into effect on December 17, 2011.
A. Share Capital
Not applicable.
B. Memorandum and Articles of Association
Set forth below is information concerning our share capital and a brief summary of certain significant provisions of our by-laws and Chilean law. This description contains all material information concerning the common shares but does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our by-laws, the Chilean Corporate Law and the Securities Market Law, each referred to below. For additional information regarding the common shares, reference is made to our by-laws, a copy of which is included as Exhibit 1.1 to this annual report on Form 20-F.
Organization and Register
LATAM Airlines Group is a publicly held stock corporation (sociedad anónima abierta) incorporated under the laws of Chile. LATAM Airlines Group was incorporated by a public deed dated December 30, 1983, an abstract of which was published in the Chilean Official Gazette (Diario Oficial de la República de Chile) No. 31,759 on December 31, 1983, and registered on page 20,341, No. 11,248 of the Chilean Real Estate and Commercial Registrar (Registro de Comercio del Conservador de Bienes Raices de Santiago) for the year 1983. Our corporate purpose, as stated in our by-laws, is to provide a broad range of transportation and related services, as more fully set forth in Article Four thereof.
General
Shareholders’ rights in a Chilean corporation are generally governed by the company’s by-laws and the Chilean Corporate Law. Article 22 of the Chilean Corporation Act states that the purchaser of shares of a corporation implicitly accepts its by-laws and any prior agreements adopted at shareholders’ meetings. Additionally, the Chilean Corporate Law regulates the government and operation of corporations (“sociedades anónimas,” or S.A.) and provides for certain shareholder rights. Article 137 of the Chilean Corporation Act provides that the provisions of the Chilean Corporation Act take precedence over any contrary provision in a corporation’s by-laws. The Chilean Corporate Law and our by-laws also provide that all disputes arising among shareholders in their capacity as such or between us or our administrators and the shareholders may either be submitted to arbitration in Chile or to the courts of Chile at the election of the plaintiff initiating the action. Despite the foregoing, it is forbidden for certain individuals (directors, senior managers, administrators and main executives of the corporation, and any shareholder that directly or indirectly holds shares whose book or market value exceed 5,000 UF at the moment of filing of the action) from submitting such action before the ordinary courts, thus obligating them to proceed with arbitration in all situations. Finally, Decree-Law No. 3,500 on Pension Fund Administrators, which allows pension funds to invest in the stock of qualified corporations, indirectly affects corporate governance and prescribes certain rights of shareholders. The Chilean Corporation Act sets forth the rules and requirements under which a corporation is deemed to be “publicly held.” Article 2 of the Chilean Corporation Act defines publicly held corporations as corporations that register their shares with the Registro de Valores (Securities Registry) of the CMF, either voluntarily or pursuant to a legal obligation. In addition, Article 5 of the Securities Market Act indicates which corporation’s shares must be registered with the Securities Registry:
● | one with 500 or more shareholders; |
● | one in which 100 or more shareholders own at least 10% of the subscribed capital (excluding any direct or indirect individual holdings exceeding 10%); and |
● | one in which the shareholders agreed voluntarily to be registered. |
The framework of the Chilean securities market is regulated by the CMF under the Securities Market Act and the Chilean Corporate Law, which imposes certain disclosure requirements, restricts insider trading, prohibits price manipulation and protects minority investors. In particular, the Securities Market Act establishes requirements for public offerings, stock exchanges and brokers and outlines disclosure requirements for corporations that issue publicly offered securities.
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Ownership Restrictions
Under Articles 12 and 20 of the Securities Market Act and General Rule 269 issued by the CMF in 2009, certain information regarding transactions in shares of publicly held corporations must be reported to the CMF and the Chilean stock exchanges on which the shares are listed. Since the ADRs are deemed to represent the shares underlying the ADSs, transactions in ADRs will be subject to those reporting requirements. Among other matters, the beneficial owners of ADSs that directly or indirectly hold 10% or more of the subscribed capital of LATAM Airlines Group, or that reach or exceed such percentage through an acquisition, are required to report to the CMF and the Chilean stock exchanges, the day following the event:
● | any acquisition or disposition of shares; and |
● | any acquisition or disposition of contracts or securities, which price or performance depends on the price variation of the LATAM Airlines Group’s shares. |
These obligations are extended (i) to certain individuals (immediate family, next of kin and others) if the ADS holder is a natural person; (ii) to any entity controlled by the holder, if the ADS is a legal entity; and (iii) to groups, if a holder has any joint action agreement with other holders and the group reaches or exceeds the cited threshold.
In addition, majority shareholders must state in their report whether their purpose is to acquire control of the company or if they are making a financial investment.
Under Article 54 of the Securities Market Act and under CMF regulations, persons or entities that intend to acquire control, whether directly or indirectly, of a publicly held corporation, must follow certain notice requirements, regardless of the acquisition vehicle or procedure or whether the acquisition will be made through direct subscriptions or private transactions. In the first place, the potential acquirer must send a written communication to the target corporation, any companies controlling or controlled by the target corporation, the CMF and the Chilean stock exchanges on which the target’s securities are listed, stating, among other things, the person or entity purchasing or selling and the price and material conditions of any negotiations. Subsequently, the potential acquirer must also inform the public of its planned acquisition by means of a publication in two Chilean newspapers with national distribution and by uploading such notice to the acquirer’s website, if available. Both requirements shall be met at least ten business days prior to the date on which the acquisition transaction is to close, and in any event, as soon as negotiations regarding the change of control have been formalized or when confidential information or documents concerning the target are delivered to the potential acquirer. The notices must state, among other things, the person or entity purchasing or selling and the price and conditions of any negotiations.
In addition to the foregoing, Article 54A of the Securities Market Act requires that within two business days of the completion of the transactions pursuant to which a person has acquired control of a publicly traded company, a notice shall be published in the same newspapers in which the notice referred to above was published and notices shall be sent to the same persons mentioned in the preceding paragraphs.
Consequently, a beneficial owner of ADSs intending to acquire control of LATAM Airlines Group will be subject to the foregoing reporting requirements.
The provisions of the aforementioned articles do not apply whenever the acquisition is being made through a tender or exchange offer.
Title XXV of the Securities Market Act on tender offers and CMF regulations provide that certain transactions entailing the acquisition on control of a publicly held corporation must be carried out through a tender offer. In addition, Article 199 bis of the Chilean Securities Market Act extends the obligation to make a tender offer for the remaining outstanding shares to any person, or group of persons with a joint performance agreement, that, as a consequence of the acquisition of shares, becomes the owner of two-thirds or more of the issued shares with voting rights of a publicly held corporation. Such tender offer must be effected within 30 days from the date of such acquisition.
Article 200 of the Securities Market Act prohibits any shareholder that has taken control of a publicly traded company from acquiring, for a period of 12 months from the date of the transaction that granted it control of the publicly traded company, a number of shares equal to or higher than 3.0% of the outstanding issued shares of the target without making a tender offer at a price per share not lower than the price paid at the time of taking control. Should the acquisition from the other shareholders of the company be made on the floor of a stock exchange and on a pro rata basis, the controlling shareholder may purchase a higher percentage of shares, if so permitted by the regulations of the stock exchange.
Title XV of the Securities Market Act sets forth the basis for determining what constitutes a controlling power, a direct holding and a related party.
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Capitalization
Under Chilean law, the shareholders of a corporation, acting at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting, have the power to authorize an increase in the corporation’s share capital. When an investor subscribes issued shares, the shares are registered in that investor’s name even without payment, and the investor is treated as a shareholder for all purposes except with regard to receipt of dividends and return of capital, provided that the shareholders may, by amending the by-laws, also grant the right to receive dividends of distribution of capital despite not having paid for the subscribed shares. The investor becomes eligible to receive dividends once it has paid for the shares, or, if it has paid for only a portion of such shares, it is entitled to receive a corresponding pro rata portion of the dividends declared with respect to such shares, unless the company’s by-laws provide otherwise. If an investor does not pay for shares for which it has subscribed on or prior to the date agreed upon for payment, the company is entitled under Chilean law to auction the shares on the appropriate stock exchange, and it has a cause of action against the investor to recover the difference between the subscription price and the price received for the sale of those shares at auction. However, until such shares are sold at auction, the investor continues to exercise all the rights of a shareholder (except the right to receive dividends and return of capital, as noted above). Regarding shares issued but not paid for within the period determined by the extraordinary shareholders’ meeting for their payment (which period cannot exceed three years from the date of such shareholders’ meeting), until January 1, 2010 they were canceled and no longer available for subscription and payment. As of January 1, 2010, the board of directors of LATAM Airlines Group has a legal obligation to initiate the necessary legal actions to collect the unpaid amounts, unless the shareholders’ meeting which authorized the capital increase allowed the board to abstain from taking such action by a vote of two thirds of the issued shares, in which case the former rule still applies. Once the foregoing legal actions are exhausted, the board of directors shall propose to the shareholders’ meeting the appropriate capital adjustment measures, to be decided by simple majority. Fully paid shares are not subject to further calls or assessments or to liabilities of LATAM Airlines Group.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s statutory capital is represented by 606,407,693 ordinary shares without nominal value. All shares are subscribed and paid considering the capital reduction that occurred in full, after the legal period of three years to subscribe the balance of 466,832 outstanding shares, of the last capital increase approved in August of the year 2016. Chilean law recognizes the right of corporations to issue shares of common and preferred stock. To date, we have issued and are authorized by our shareholders to issue only shares of common stock. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote.
Preemptive Rights and Increases in Share Capital
Chilean Corporate Law requires Chilean corporations to offer existing shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing percentage of ownership in a company whenever that corporation issues new shares for cash, except for up to 10% of the subscribed shares arising from the capital increase which may be designated to employee compensation pursuant to article 24 of the Corporation Act. Under this requirement, any preemptive rights will be offered by us to the depositary as the registered owner of the common shares underlying the ADSs, but holders of ADSs and shareholders located in the United States will not be allowed to exercise preemptive rights with respect to new issuances of shares by us unless a registration statement under the Securities Market Act is effective with respect to those common shares or an exemption from the registration requirements thereunder is available.
We intend to evaluate at the time of any preemptive rights offering the costs and potential liabilities associated with the preparation and filing of a registration statement with the SEC, as well as the indirect benefits of enabling the exercise by the holders of ADSs and shareholders located in the United States of preemptive rights and any other factors we consider appropriate at the time. No assurances can be given that any registration statement would be filed. If preemptive rights are not made available to ADS holders, the depositary may sell those holders’ preemptive rights and distribute the proceeds thereof if a secondary market for such rights exists and a premium can be recognized over the cost of such sale. In the event that the depositary does not sell such rights at a premium over the cost of any such sale, all or certain holders of ADRs may receive no value for the preemptive rights. Amounts received in exchange for the sale or assignment of preemptive rights relating to shares of our common stock will be taxable in Chile and in the United States. See “Item 10: Additional Information—E. Taxation—Chilean Tax—Capital Gains”. If the rights cannot be sold, they will expire and a holder of our ADSs will not realize any value from the grant of the preemptive rights. In either case, the equity interest of a holder of our ADSs in us will be diluted proportionately. Thus, the inability of holders of ADSs to exercise preemptive rights in respect of common shares underlying their ADSs could result in a change in their percentage ownership of common shares following a preemptive rights offering.
Under Chilean law, preemptive rights are freely exercisable, transferable or waived by shareholders during a 30-day period commencing upon publication of the official notice announcing the start of the preemptive rights period in the newspaper designated by the shareholders’ meeting. The preemptive right of the shareholders is the pro rata amount of the shares registered in their name in the shareholders’ registry of LATAM Airlines Group as of the fifth business day prior to the date of publication of the notice announcing the start of the preemptive rights period. During such 30-day period (except for shares as to which preemptive rights have been waived), Chilean companies are not permitted to offer any newly issued common shares for sale to third parties. For that 30-day period and an additional 30-day period, Chilean publicly held corporations are not permitted to offer any unsubscribed common shares for sale to third parties on terms that are more favorable to the purchaser than those offered to shareholders. At the end of such additional 30-day period, Chilean publicly held corporations are authorized to sell non-subscribed shares to third parties on any terms, provided they are sold on a Chilean stock exchange.
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Directors
Our by-laws provide for a board of nine directors. Compensation to be paid to directors must be approved by vote at the annual shareholders’ meeting. We hold elections for all positions on the board of directors every two years. Under our by-laws, directors are elected by cumulative voting. Each shareholder has one vote per share and may cast all of his or her votes in favor of one nominee or may apportion his or her votes among any number of nominees. These voting provisions currently ensure that a shareholder owning more than 10% of our outstanding shares is able to elect at least one representative to our board of directors.
Under the Chilean Corporate Law, transactions of a publicly-held corporation with a “related” party must be conducted on an arm’s-length basis and must satisfy certain approval and disclosure requirements which are different from the ones that apply to a privately-held company. The conditions apply to the publicly-held corporation and to all of its subsidiaries.
These transactions include any negotiation, act, contract or operation in which the publicly-held corporation intervenes together with either (i) parties which are legally deemed related pursuant to article 100 of the Chilean Securities Market Act, (ii) a director, senior manager, administrator, main executive or liquidator of the company, either on their own behalf or on behalf of a third party, including those individuals’ spouses or close relatives, (iii) companies in which the foregoing individuals own at least 10% (directly or indirectly), or in which they serve as directors, senior managers, administrators or main executives, (iv) parties indicated as such in the publicly-traded company’s by-laws, or identified by the directors’ committee or (v) those who have served as directors, senior managers, administrators, main executives or liquidators of the counterparty in the last 18 months and are now serving in one of those positions at the publicly-traded company.
Pursuant to Article 147 of Chapter XVI of the Chilean Corporations Act, a publicly held corporation shall only be entitled to enter into a related-party transaction when it is in the interest of the company, the price, terms and conditions are similar to those prevailing in the market at the time of its approval and the transaction complies with the requirements and procedures stated below:
1. | The directors, managers, administrators, principal executive officers or liquidators that have an interest or that take part in negotiations conducive to the execution of an arrangement with a related party of the open stock corporation, shall report it immediately to the board of directors or whomever the board designates. Those who breach this obligation will be jointly liable for damages caused to the company and its shareholders. |
2. | Prior to the company’s consent to a related party transaction, it must be approved by the absolute majority of the members of the board of directors, with exclusion of the interested directors or liquidators, who nevertheless shall make public his/her/their opinion with respect to the transaction if it is so requested by the board of directors, which opinion shall be set forth in the minutes of the meeting. Likewise, the grounds of the decision and the reasons for excluding such directors from its adoption must also be recorded in the minutes. |
3. | The resolutions of the board of directors approving a related party transaction shall be reported at the next following shareholders’ meeting, including a reference to the directors who approved such transaction. A reference to the transaction is to be included in the notice of the respective shareholders’ meeting. |
4. | In the event that an absolute majority of the members of the board of directors should abstain from voting, the related-party transaction shall only be executed if it is approved by the unanimous vote of the members of the board of directors not involved in such transaction, or if it is approved in a shareholders’ extraordinary meeting by two-thirds of the voting shares of the company. |
5. | If a shareholders’ extraordinary meeting is called to approve the transaction, the board of directors shall appoint at least one independent advisor who shall report to the shareholders the terms of the transaction, its effects and the potential impact for the company. In the report, the independent advisor shall include all the matters or issues the directors committee may have expressly requested to be evaluated. The directors committee of the company or, in the absence of such committee, directors not involved in the transaction, shall be entitled to appoint an additional independent advisor, in the event they disagree with the appointment made by the board. The reports of the independent advisors shall be made available to the shareholders by the board on the business day immediately following their receipt by the company, at the company’s business offices and on its internet site, for a period of at least 15 business days from the date the last report was received from the independent advisor, and such arrangement shall be communicated to the shareholders by means of a “Relevant Fact” (Communication sent to the CMF and the stock exchanges in Chile). The directors shall decide whether the transaction is in the best interest of the corporation, within five business days from the date the last report was received from the independent advisors. |
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6. | When the directors of the company must decide on a related party-transaction, they must expressly state the relationship with the transaction counterparty or the interest involved. They shall also express their opinion on whether the transaction is in the best interest of the corporation, their objection or objections that the directors committee may have expressed, as well as the conclusions of the reports of the advisors. The opinions of the directors shall be made available to the shareholders the day after they were received by the company, at the business offices of the company as well as on its internet site, and such arrangement shall be reported by the company as a “Relevant Fact.” |
7. | Notwithstanding the applicable sanctions, any infringement of the above provisions will not affect the validity of the transaction, but it will grant the company or the shareholders the right to sue the related party involved in the transaction for reimbursement to the company of a sum equivalent to the benefits that the operation reported to the counterpart involved in the transaction, as well as indemnity for damages incurred. In this case, the defendant bears the burden of proof that the transaction complies with the requirements and procedures referred to above. |
Notwithstanding the above, the following related party transactions may be executed, pursuant to letters a), b) and c) of Article 147 of the Chilean Corporations Act, without complying with the requirements and procedures stated above, with prior authorization by the board:
1. | Transactions that do not involve a “material amount.” For this purpose, any transaction that is both greater than UF 2,000 (as of December, 31, 2020, approximately Ch$58 million) and in excess of 1% of the corporation’s equity, or involving an amount in excess of UF 20,000 (as of December 31, 2020, approximately Ch$581.4 million) shall be deemed to involve a material amount. All transactions executed within a 12-month period that are similar or complementary to each other, with identical parties, including related parties, or objects, shall be deemed to be a single transaction. |
2. | Transactions that pursuant to the company’s policy of usual practice as determined by its board of directors, are in the ordinary course of business of the company. Any agreement or resolution establishing or amending such policies shall be communicated as a “Relevant Fact” and made available to shareholders at the company’s business offices and on its internet site, and the transaction shall be reported as a “Relevant Fact,” if applicable. |
3. | Transactions between legal entities in which the company possesses, directly or indirectly, at least 95% of the equity of the counterpart. |
The usual practice policy adopted by the board of directors in the meeting held on December 29, 2009 established policies setting forth the transactions that fall within the ordinary course of business. That determination was publicly disclosed on the same day and is currently available on LATAM Airlines Group’s website under the “Corporate Governance” section.
Shareholders’ Meetings and Voting Rights
Chilean Corporate Law requires that an ordinary annual meeting of shareholders be held within the first four months of each year after being called by the board of directors (generally they are held in April, but in any case following the preparation of our financial statements, including the report of our auditors, for the previous fiscal year). LATAM Airlines Group’s by-laws further provide that the ordinary annual meeting of shareholders must take place between February 1 and April 30. The shareholders at the ordinary annual meeting approve the annual financial statements, including the report of our auditors, the annual report, the dividend policy and the final dividend on the prior year’s profits, elect the board of directors (in our case, every two years or earlier if a vacancy occurs) and approve any other matter that does not require an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. The most recent extraordinary meeting of our shareholders was held on June 18, 2020, and the most recent ordinary annual meeting of our shareholders was held on April 30, 2020.
Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings may be called by the board of directors, if deemed appropriate, and ordinary or extraordinary shareholders’ meetings must be called by the board of directors when requested by shareholders representing at least 10.0% of the issued voting shares or by the CMF. In addition, as from January 1, 2010 there are two new rules in this regard: (i) the CMF may directly call for an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting in case of a publicly-traded company, and (ii) any kind of shareholders’ meeting may be self-convened and take place if all voting shares attend, regardless of the fulfillment of the notice and other type of procedural requirements.
Notice to convene the ordinary annual meeting or an extraordinary meeting is given by means of three notices which must be published in a newspaper of our corporate domicile (currently Santiago, Chile) designated by the shareholders at their annual meeting and, if the shareholders fail to make such designation, the notice must be published in the Chilean Official Gazette pursuant to legal requirements. The first notice must be published not less than 15 days and not more than 20 days in advance of the scheduled meeting. Notice also must be mailed not less than 15 days in advance of the meeting to each shareholder and to the CMF and the Chilean stock exchanges. Currently, we publish our official notices in the newspaper La Tercera (available online at www.latercera.com).
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The quorum for a shareholders’ meeting is established by the presence, in person or by proxy, of shareholders representing a majority of our issued common shares. If that quorum is not reached, the meeting can be reconvened within 45 days, and at the second meeting the shareholders present are deemed to constitute a quorum regardless of the percentage of the common shares that they represent.
Only shareholders registered with us on the fifth business day prior to the date of a meeting are entitled to attend and vote their shares. A shareholder may appoint another individual (who need not be a shareholder) as his or her proxy to attend and vote on his or her behalf. Proxies addressed to us that do not designate a person to exercise the proxy are taken into account in order to determine if there is a sufficient quorum to hold the meeting, but the shares represented thereby are not entitled to vote at the meeting. The proxies must fulfill the requirements set forth by the Chilean Corporate Law and its regulatory norms. Every shareholder entitled to attend and vote at a shareholders’ meeting has one vote for every share subscribed.
The following matters can only be considered at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting:
● | our dissolution; |
● | a merger, transformation, division or other change in our corporate form or the amendment of our by-laws; |
● | the issuance of bonds or debentures convertible into shares; |
● | the conveyance of 50% or more of our assets (whether or not it includes our liabilities); |
● | the adoption or amendment of any business plan which contemplates the conveyance of assets in excess of the foregoing percentage; |
● | the conveyance of 50% or more of the assets of a subsidiary, if the latter represents at least 20% of our assets; |
● | the conveyance of shares of a subsidiary which entails the transfer of control; |
● | granting of a security interest or a personal guarantee in each case to secure the obligations of third parties, unless to secure or guarantee the obligations of a subsidiary, in which case only the approval of the board of directors will suffice; and |
● | other matters that require shareholder approval according to Chilean law or the by-laws. |
The matters referred to in the first seven items listed above may only be approved at a meeting held before a notary public, who shall certify that the minutes are a true record of the events and resolutions of the meeting.
The by-laws establish that resolutions are passed at shareholders’ meetings by the affirmative vote of an absolute majority of those voting shares present or represented at the meeting. However, under the Chilean Corporate Law, the vote of a two-thirds majority of the outstanding voting shares is required to approve any of the following actions:
● | a change in our corporate form, division or merger with another entity; |
● | amendment to our term of existence, if any; |
● | our early dissolution; |
● | change in our corporate domicile; |
● | decrease of our capital stock; |
● | approval of contributions and the assessment thereof whenever consisting of assets other than money; |
● | any modification of the authority reserved for the shareholders’ meetings or limitations on the powers of the board of directors; |
● | decrease in the number of members of the board of directors; |
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● | the conveyance of 50% or more of our assets (whether or not it includes our liabilities); |
● | the adoption or amendment of any business plan which contemplates the conveyance of assets in excess of the foregoing percentage; |
● | the conveyance of 50% or more of the assets of a subsidiary, if the latter represents at least 20% of our assets; |
● | the conveyance of shares of a subsidiary which entails the transfer of control; |
● | the form that dividends are paid in; |
● | granting a security interest or a personal guarantee in each case to secure obligations of third parties that exceeds 50% of our assets, unless to secure or guarantee the obligations of a subsidiary, in which case only approval of the board of directors will suffice; |
● | the acquisition of our own shares, when, and on the terms and conditions, permitted by law; |
● | all other matters provided for in the by-laws; |
● | the correction of any formal defect in our incorporation or any amendment to our by-laws that refers to any of the matters indicated in the first 13 items listed above; |
● | the institution of the right of the controlling shareholder who has purchased at least 95% of the shares to purchase shares of the outstanding minority shareholders pursuant to the procedure set forth in article 71 bis of the Corporation Law; and |
● | the approval or ratification of transactions with related parties, as per article 147 of the Corporation Law (described above). |
Amendments to the by-laws that have the effect of establishing, modifying or eliminating any special rights pertaining to any series of shares require the consenting vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares of the affected series. As noted above, LATAM Airlines Group does not have special series of shares.
In general, Chilean law does not require a publicly held corporation to provide the level and type of information that the U.S. securities laws require a reporting company to provide to its shareholders in connection with a solicitation of proxies. However, shareholders are entitled to examine the books of the company and its subsidiaries within the 15-day period before a scheduled meeting. No later than 15 business days of the scheduled shareholder’s meeting, the board of directors of a publicly held corporation is required to send to every shareholder notice by regular mail, a notice containing a reference to the issues that will be discussed, together with instructions to obtain all the appropriate documentation regarding those issues, and publish such notice on its website. The board is also required to make available to the shareholders the annual report and the financial statements of the company, and to publish such information in the company’s webpage at least 10 days in advance of the scheduled shareholders meeting. In addition to these requirements, we regularly have provided, and currently intend to continue to provide, together with the notice of shareholders’ meeting, a proposal for the final annual dividend for shareholder approval. See “—Dividend and Liquidation Rights,” below.
Chilean Corporate Law provides that, whenever shareholders representing 10% or more of the issued voting shares so request, a Chilean company’s annual report must include such shareholders’ comments and proposal in relation to the company’s affairs, together with the comments and proposals set forth by the directors’ committee. Similarly, Chilean Corporate Law provides that whenever the board of directors of a publicly held corporation convenes an ordinary meeting of the shareholders and solicits proxies for that meeting, or distributes information supporting its decisions or other similar material, it is obligated to include as an annex to its annual report any pertinent comments and proposals that may have been made by shareholders owning 10% or more of the company’s voting shares who have requested that such comments and proposals be included, together with the comments and proposals set forth by the directors’ committee.
Dividend and Liquidation Rights
In accordance with Chilean Corporate Law, LATAM Airlines Group must distribute an annual cash dividend equal to at least 30% of its annual net income calculated in accordance with IFRS, unless otherwise decided by a unanimous vote of the holders of all issued shares, and unless and except to the extent it has accumulated losses. If there is no net income in a given year, LATAM Airlines Group can elect but is not legally obligated to distribute dividends out of retained earnings. All outstanding common shares are entitled to share equally in all dividends declared by LATAM Airlines Group, except for the shares that have not been fully paid by the shareholder after being subscribed.
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For all dividend distributions agreed by the board of directors in excess of the mandatory minimum of 30% noted in the preceding paragraph, LATAM Airlines Group may grant an option to its shareholders to receive those dividends in cash, or in shares issued by either LATAM Airlines Group or other corporations. Shareholders who do not expressly elect to receive a dividend other than in cash are legally presumed to have decided to receive the dividend in cash. A U.S. holder of ADSs may, in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or an available exemption from the registration requirement thereunder, effectively is required to receive a dividend in cash. See “—Preemptive Rights and Increases in Share Capital,” above.
Dividends that are declared but not paid within the appropriate time period set forth in the Chilean Corporate Law (as to minimum dividends, 30 days after declaration; as to additional dividends, the date set for payment at the time of declaration) are adjusted to reflect the change in the value of the UF. The UF is a daily indexed, Chilean peso-denominated accounting unit designed to discount the effect of Chilean inflation and it is based on the previous month’s inflation rate as officially determined. Such dividends also accrue interest at the then-prevailing rate for UF-denominated deposits during such period. The right to receive a dividend lapses if it is not claimed within five years from the date such dividend is payable. After that period, the amount not claimed is given to a non-profit organization, the National Corporation of Firefighters (Cuerpos de Bomberos de Chile).
In the event of LATAM Airlines Group’s liquidation, the holders of fully paid common shares would participate pro rata in the distribution of assets remaining after payment of all creditors. Holders of shares not fully paid will participate in such distribution in proportion to the amount paid.
Approval of Financial Statements
The board of directors is required to submit our consolidated financial statements to the shareholders for their approval at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting. If the shareholders reject the financial statements, the board of directors must submit new financial statements not later than 60 days from the date of that meeting. If the shareholders reject the new financial statements, the entire board of directors is deemed removed from office and a new board is to be elected at the same meeting. Directors who approved such financial statements are disqualified for re-election for the ensuing period.
Right of Dissenting Shareholders to Tender Their Shares
Chilean Corporate Law provides that, upon the adoption at an extraordinary meeting of shareholders of any of the resolutions or if any of the situations enumerated below takes place, dissenting or affected shareholders acquire the right to withdraw and to compel the company to repurchase their shares, subject to the fulfillment of certain terms and conditions. However, such right shall be suspended if we are a debtor in a bankruptcy liquidation proceeding, or if we are subject to a reorganization agreement approved in accordance with the Chilean Insolvency Act, unless such agreement allows the right to withdraw, or unless it is terminated by the issuance of a liquidation resolution. In the case of holders of ADRs, however, in order to exercise such rights, holders of ADRs would be required to first withdraw the common shares represented by the ADRs pursuant to the terms of the deposit agreement. Such holders of ADRs would need to perfect the withdrawal of the common shares on or before the fifth business day prior to the date of the meeting.
“Dissenting shareholders” are defined as those who attend a shareholders’ meeting and vote against a resolution which results in the withdrawal right, or, if absent at such a meeting, those who state in writing to the company their opposition to such resolution within the following 30 days. Dissenting shareholders must perfect their withdrawal rights by tendering their stock to the company within thirty days after adoption of the resolution.
The price to be paid to a dissenting shareholder of a publicly held corporation is its market value. In the case of corporations which shares are actively traded on a stock exchange (acciones con presencia bursátil) pursuant to a General Rule issued by the CMF, the weighted average of the sales prices for the shares as reported on the Chilean stock exchanges on which the shares are quoted during the 60 stock-exchange-business-day period elapsed between the 30th and the 90th stock-exchange-business-days-preceding the shareholder resolution giving rise to the withdrawal right. If the shares of the corporation do not qualify as “actively traded” pursuant to the General Rules dictated by the CMF, the market price corresponds to the book value of the shares. Book value for this purpose equals paid capital plus reserves and profits, less losses, divided by the total number of subscribed shares (whether entirely or partially paid). For the purpose of making this calculation, the last annual balance sheet is used and adjusted to reflect inflation up to the date of the shareholders’ meeting that gave rise to the withdrawal right.
The resolutions and situations that result in a shareholder’s right to withdraw are the following:
● | the transformation of the company; |
● | the merger of the company with or into another company; |
● | the conveyance of 50% or more of the assets of the company, whether or not such sale includes the company’s liabilities; |
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● | the adoption or amendment of any business plan which contemplates the conveyance of assets in excess of the foregoing percentage; |
● | the conveyance of 50% or more of the assets of a subsidiary, if the latter represents at least 20% of our assets; |
● | the conveyance of shares of a subsidiary which entails the transfer of control, if the subsidiary represents at least 20% of our assets; |
● | the creation of preferential rights for a class of shares or an extension, amendment or reduction to those already existing, in which case the right to withdraw only accrues to the dissenting shareholders of the class or classes of shares adversely affected; |
● | the correction of any formal defect in the incorporation of the company or any amendment to the company’s by-laws that grants the right to withdraw; |
● | the granting of security interests or personal guarantees to secure or guarantee third parties’ obligations exceeding 50% of the company’s assets, except with regard to subsidiaries; |
● | resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting approving the decision to make private a publicly held corporation in case the requirements set forth in “—General” cease to be met; |
● | if a publicly-traded company ceases to be obligated to register its shares in the Securities Registry of the CMF, and an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting agrees to de-register the shares and finalize its disclosure obligations mandated by the Corporation Law; |
● | if the controlling shareholder of a publicly-traded company reaches over 95% of the shares (in such case, the right must be exercised within 30 days of the date in which the threshold is reached, circumstance that must be communicated by means of a publication); and |
● | such other causes as may be established by the company’s by-laws (no such additional resolutions currently are specified in our by-laws). |
In addition, shareholders of publicly held corporations have the right to withdraw if a person acquires two-thirds or more of the outstanding shares of such corporation with the right to vote (except as a result of other shareholders not having subscribed and paid a capital increase) and does not make a tender offer for the remaining shares within 30 days after acquisition.
Under article 69 bis of the Chilean Corporation Act, the right to withdraw also is granted to shareholders (other than pension funds that administer private pension plans under the national pension law), under certain terms and conditions, if a company were to become controlled by the Chilean government, directly or through any of its agencies, and if two independent rating agencies downgrade the rating of its stock from first class because of certain actions specified in Article 69 bis undertaken by the company or the Chilean government that affect negatively and substantially the earnings of the company. Shareholders must perfect their withdrawal rights by tendering their shares to the company within 30 days of the date of the publication of the new rating by two independent rating agencies. If the withdrawal right is exercised by a shareholder invoking Article 69 bis, the price paid to the dissenting shareholder shall be the weighted average of the sales price for the shares as reported on the stock exchanges on which the company’s shares are quoted for the six-month period preceding the publication of the new rating by two independent rating agencies. If, as previously described, the CMF determines that the shares are not actively traded on a stock exchange, the price shall be the book value calculated as described above.
There is no legal precedent as to whether a shareholder that has voted both for and against a proposal (such as the depositary) may exercise withdrawal rights with respect to the shares voted against the proposal. As such, there is doubt as to whether holders of ADRs who have not surrendered their ADRs and withdrawn common shares on or before the fifth business day prior to the shareholder meeting will be able to exercise withdrawal rights either directly or through the depositary with respect to the shares represented by ADRs. Under the provisions of the deposit agreement the depositary will not exercise these withdrawal rights.
The circumstance indicated above regarding ownership in excess of 95% by the controlling shareholder creates not only a withdrawal right for the remaining minority shareholders, but as of January 1, 2010, it also creates a “squeeze out” right by the controlling shareholder with respect to those same shareholders (granting a call option by means of which the controlling shareholder may buy-out the existing ownership participations pursuant to the provisions of article 71 bis of the Corporation Act).
Registration and Transfers
DCV Registros S.A. (“DCV”), a local depository corporation, acts as LATAM Airlines Group’s registration agent. In the case of jointly owned common shares, an attorney-in-fact must be appointed to represent the joint owners in dealings with us.
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C. Material Contracts
Table of Material Contracts for the Purchase of Aircrafts
Agreement | Date | Aircraft (number purchased) | Estimated Gross Value of Aircraft at List Price | ||
Boeing 767-300 Fleet | |||||
Purchase Agreement No. 2126 with the Boeing Company | January 30, 1998 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (2) | US$200,000,000 | |
Supplemental Agreement No. 16 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | November 11, 2004 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (3) | US$140,000,000 | |
⮚ | Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft (1) | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 20 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | April 28, 2005 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft (1) | US$300,000,000 | |
⮚ | Boeing 767-300 freighter aircrafts (2) | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 21 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | July 20, 2005 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (3) | US$410,000,000 | |
Supplemental Agreement No. 22 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | March 31, 2006 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 (3) | US$430,000,000 | |
⮚ | Converted two (2) Boeing 767-300 freighter aircrafts to two (2) Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 23 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | December 14, 2006 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (3) | US$460,000,000 | |
Supplemental Agreement No. 24 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | November 10, 2008 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (4) | US$636,000,000 | |
⮚ | Two (2) aircrafts delivered in 2011, and two (2) aircrafts delivered in 2012 | ||||
⮚ | Two purchase rights for Boeing 767-300 aircraft | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 28 to the Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | March 22, 2010 | ⮚ | Accelerate the delivery of ten 787-8 aircraft, substitute four aircraft from 787-9 to 787-8 and substitute three 767-316ER to 767-316F freighter aircraft | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 29 to the Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | November 10, 2010 | ⮚ | Accelerate the delivery of three Aircraft and substitute those three aircraft from 767-316F to 767-316ER. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 30 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | February 15, 2011 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (3) | US$510,000,000 | |
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place in 2012 | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 31 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | May 10, 2011 | ⮚ | Boeing 767-300 passenger aircrafts (5) | US$780,000,000 | |
⮚ | Four purchase rights for Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft | ||||
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place in 2012 |
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Supplemental Agreement No. 32 to Purchase Agreement No. 2126 | December 22, 2011 | ⮚ | Exercise two purchase options for Boeing 767-300 aircrafts (2) | US$340,000,000 | |
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place in 2012 | ||||
⮚ | Remaining purchase options deleted | ||||
Boeing 787-8/9 Fleet | |||||
Purchase Agreement No. 3256 with the Boeing Company | October 29, 2007 | ⮚ | Boeing 787-8 aircrafts (18) | US$3,200,000,000 | |
⮚ | Boeing 787-9 aircrafts (8) | ||||
⮚ | Option of purchasing fifteen additional aircraft to be delivered in 2017 and 2018 | ||||
Supplemental Agreement No. 1 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | March 22, 2010 | ⮚ | Advance scheduled delivery date of ten Boeing 787-8 aircraft and substitute four Boeing 787-9 aircraft into four Boeing 787-8 aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 3 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | August 24, 2012 | ⮚ | Replace two Boeing 787-8 aircraft with two Boeing 787-8 aircraft with a later delivery. | ||
Delay Settlement Agreement to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | September 16, 2013 | ⮚ | Agreed to update delivery dates, settle consequences of delays and convert several future deliveries of B787-8 aircraft to B787-9 aircraft. This agreement was amended on April 22, 2015 to update delivery dates of certain aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 4 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | April 22, 2015 | ⮚ | Reschedule the delivery dates of four Boeing 787-8 aircraft and replace four Boeing 787-8 aircraft with four Boeing 787-9 aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 6 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | May 27, 2016 | ⮚ | Convert four Model 787-8 Aircraft to four Model 787-9 Aircraft, and Defer of two Model 787-9 Aircraft from 1Q 2018 and 2Q 2018 to 3Q 2018 and 4Q 2018 respectively. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 13 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | July 3, 2019 | To include certain letter agreements | |||
Supplemental Agreement No. 14 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | October 11, 2019 | Reschedule the delivery dates of four Boeing 787-8 aircraft | |||
Supplemental Agreement No. 15 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | October 11, 2019 | To incorporate Exhibit A1 | |||
Supplemental Agreement No. 16 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3256 | October 11, 2019 | Deferral of PDPs. | |||
Boeing 777 Freighter Fleet | |||||
Purchase Agreement No. 3194 with the Boeing Company | July 3, 2007 | ⮚ | Boeing 777 freighter aircrafts (2) | US$545,000,000 |
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⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place in 2011 and 2012 | ||||
Letter Agreement 6-1162-KSW-6454R2 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3194 | March 22, 2010 | ⮚ | Transfer two purchase rights from Purchase Agreement No. 2126 to Purchase Agreement No. 3194. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 2 to Purchase Agreement No. 3194 | November 2, 2010 | ⮚ | Exercise purchase option for Boeing 777 freighter aircraft (1) | US$280,000,000 | |
Supplemental Agreement No. 4 to the Purchase Agreement No. 3194 | August 9, 2012 | ⮚ | Reflect the configuration of the aircraft covered under such Purchase Agreement. | ||
Airbus A320-Family Fleet | |||||
Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | March 20, 1998 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (5) | US$230,000,000 | |
Amendment No. 1 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | November 14, 2003 | ⮚ | Exercise three purchase rights for Airbus 319 aircraft, among other things. | ||
Amendment No. 2 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | October 4, 2005 | ⮚ | Acquire 25 additional Airbus 320 family aircraft and 15 purchase rights for Airbus A320-Family aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 3 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | March 6, 2007 | ⮚ | Exercise 15 purchase rights for 15 Airbus A320-Family Aircraft. | ||
⮚ | According to clause 12.2 of the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement, applicable to all subsequent amendments, in case of a failure, as defined in such agreement, a service life policy for a period of 12 years after delivery of any given aircraft shall apply. | ||||
Amendment No. 5 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | December 23, 2009 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (30) | US$2,000,000,000 | |
Amendment No. 6 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | May 10, 2010 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of three aircraft and advance the scheduled delivery date of 13 aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 8 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | September 23, 2010 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of one aircraft and advance the scheduled delivery date of four aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 9 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | December 21, 2010 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (50) | US$2,600,000,000 | |
Amendment No. 10 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | June 10, 2011 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of three aircraft, to select sharklets for some aircraft and to notify delivery dates for some aircraft. |
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Amendment No. 11 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | November 3, 2011 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of three aircraft and defer the scheduled delivery date of four aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 12 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | November 19, 2012 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of three aircraft, identify certain aircraft as Sharklet Installed Aircraft and others as Sharklet Capable Aircraft, as those are defined in such Purchase Agreement, and notify the scheduled delivery month for certain aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 13 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | August 19, 2013 | ⮚ | Convert several A320 aircraft to A321 aircraft and to postpone the scheduled delivery dates of several aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 16 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | July 15, 2014 | ⮚ | Covering cancellation and substitution of certain Aircraft. | ||
Novation Agreement to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | October 30, 2014 | ⮚ | Novation of the original TAM A320/A330 Family Purchase Agreement from TAM to LATAM. | ||
Amendment No. 17 to the Second A320-Family Purchase Agreement | December 11, 2014 | ⮚ | Covering the substitution of certain Aircraft. | ||
Airbus A320 NEO-Family Fleet | |||||
A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | June 22, 2011 | ⮚ | Airbus 320 NEO Family aircraft (20) | US$1,700,000,000 | |
⮚ | Delivery scheduled to take place in 2017 and 2018 | ||||
Amendment No. 1 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | February 27, 2014 | ⮚ | Covering the advancement of the date by which LATAM selects the propulsion systems. | ||
Amendment No. 2 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | July 15, 2014 | ⮚ | Covering the order of incremental A320 NEO Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 3 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | December 11, 2014 | ⮚ | Covering the order of incremental A320 NEO Aircraft and A321 NEO Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 4 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | April 15, 2016 | ⮚ | Covering the reschedule of the delivery of eight Original NEO Aircraft and the conversion of four Original NEO Aircraft into A321 NEO Aircraft | ||
Amendment No. 5 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | April 15, 2016 | ⮚ | Changes in the technical specifications of the aircraft to be received under this agreement. | ||
Amendment No. 6 to the A320 NEO Purchase Agreement | August 8, 2016 | ⮚ | Covering the cancellation of the delivery of four A320 NEO Aircraft. | ||
TAM Material Contracts – A320/A330 Family Purchase Agreement | |||||
Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | November 2006 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (31) | US$3,300,000,000 | |
⮚ | Airbus A330-200 aircrafts (6) | ||||
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place between 2007 and 2010 | ||||
New Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | January 2008 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (20) | US$2,140,000,000 | |
⮚ | Airbus A330-200 aircrafts (4) | ||||
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place between 2007 and 2014 |
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New Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | July 2010 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (20) | US$1,450,000,000 | |
⮚ | Delivery was scheduled to take place between 2014 and 2015 | ||||
New Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | October 2011 | ⮚ | Airbus A320-Family aircrafts (10) | US$1,730,000,000 | |
⮚ | Airbus A320 NEO Family aircrafts (22) | ||||
⮚ | Delivery scheduled to take place between 2016 and 2018 | ||||
⮚ | Ten option rights for Airbus A320 NEO Family aircraft | ||||
Amendment No. 13 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | November 2012 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of A320 family aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 14 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | December 2012 | ⮚ | Convert the aircraft type of an A320 family aircraft and reschedule the delivery date of such aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 15 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | February 2013 | ⮚ | Changes to the scheduled delivery month of certain A320 Family Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 16 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | February 2013 | ⮚ | Change to the aircraft type of certain A320 Family Aircraft, to the scheduled delivery month/quarter of certain A320 Family Aircraft and make certain changes to the dates by which TAM will select the propulsion systems and NEO propulsion systems for certain Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 17 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | August 2013 | ⮚ | Change to the scheduled delivery month of a certain A320 Family Aircraft and to make the selection of the propulsion systems and NEO propulsion systems for certain Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 20 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | June 2015 | ⮚ | Change to the schedule delivery month of one A321 Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 21 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | December 2015 | ⮚ | Change to the schedule delivery month of two A320 NEO Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 23 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | April 15, 2016 | ⮚ | Reflect the changes in the technical specifications of the aircraft to be received under this agreement. | ||
Amendment No. 24 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | August 8, 2016 | ⮚ | Cancel the delivery of eight A320 NEO Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 26 to the A320/A330 Purchase Agreement | December 21, 2018 | ⮚ | Reschedule of the delivery of five A320 NEO Aircraft and eleven A321 NEO Aircraft. | ||
⮚ | Cancel the delivery of one A321 Aircraft. | ||||
TAM Material Contracts – A350 Family Purchase Agreement | |||||
Purchase Agreement with Airbus S.A.S. | January 2008 | ⮚ | Airbus A350 aircrafts (22) | US$6,480,000,000 | |
⮚ | Ten option rights for Airbus A350 aircraft | ||||
Amendment No. 1 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | July 2010 | ⮚ | Exercise its option of five A350 XWB options. | ||
Amendment No. 2 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | July 2014 | ⮚ | Reschedule the delivery of certain A350-900XWB and to amend certain provisions to reflect the latest aircraft specification. |
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Novation Agreement to the A350 Purchase Agreement | July 2014 | ⮚ | Novating the A350 purchase agreement from TAM to LATAM. | ||
Amendment No. 4 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | September 2015 | ⮚ | Modify certain terms and conditions of such agreement and to convert a number of A350-900 XWB Aircraft into A350-1000 XWB Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 5 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | November 2015 | ⮚ | Convert a number of A350-900 XWB aircraft into six A350-1000 XWB aircraft and to reschedule the delivery of certain A350-900 XWB. | ||
Amendment No. 7 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | August 8, 2016 | ⮚ | Change aircraft type, from two A350-900 XWB Aircraft to two A350 - 1000 XWB Aircraft. | ||
Amendment No. 9 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | September 22, 2017 | ⮚ | Convert two A350-1000 XWB Aircraft into A350-900 XWB Aircraft | ||
Amendment No. 10 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | December 21, 2018 | ⮚ | Convert four A350-1000 XWB Aircraft into A350-900 XWB Aircraft. | ||
⮚ | Reschedule of six A350-900 XWB Aircraft and eight A350-1000 XWB. | ||||
Amendment No. 11 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | April 29, 2019 | ⮚ | Reschedule of two A350-900 XWB Aircraft | ||
Amendment No. 12 to the A350 Purchase Agreement | August 5, 2019 | ⮚ | Reschedule of one A350-900 XWB Aircraft | ||
TAM Material Contracts – Boeing 777 Purchase Agreement | |||||
Purchase Agreement with Boeing | February 2007 | ⮚ | Boeing 777-32WER aircrafts (4) | US$1,070,000 | |
Supplemental Agreement No. 1 to the Purchase Agreement | August 2007 | ⮚ | Exercise four option aircraft and to define certain aircraft configuration. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 2 to the Purchase Agreement | March 2008 | ⮚ | Document its agreement on the descriptions and pricing of some options and master changes related to certain aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 3 to the Purchase Agreement | December 2008 | ⮚ | Purchase of two incremental 777 aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 5 to the Purchase Agreement | July 2010 | ⮚ | Reschedule the delivery of certain aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 6 to the Purchase Agreement | February 2011 | ⮚ | Purchase of two incremental 777 aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 7 to the Purchase Agreement | May 2014 | ⮚ | Substitute two 777-300ER aircraft originally scheduled for delivery in 2014 for two 777-F aircraft for scheduled delivery in 2017. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 8 to the Purchase Agreement | April 2015 | ⮚ | Reschedule the delivery of certain aircraft. | ||
Supplemental Agreement No. 11 to the Purchase Agreement | October 11, 2019 | ⮚ | Option to cancel two Aircraft |
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Other Material Contracts
Boeing
On May 9, 1997, we entered into the Aircraft General Terms Agreement with The Boeing Company (“AGTA”), applicable to all Boeing aircraft contracted for purchase from The Boeing Company.
Boeing Aircraft Holding Company
On May 8, 2018, we also entered into an Aircraft Lease Common Terms Agreement with The Boeing Aircraft Holding Company for the lease of two B777-200ER aircraft. The average term of the lease is 12 months.
Airbus A320-Family Fleet
Between April and August 2011, we entered into Buyback Agreements No. 3001, 3030, 3062, 3214 and 3216 with Airbus Financial Services for the sale of five A318 aircraft for approximately US$107 million.
Between August 2012 and January 2013, we entered into Buyback Agreements No. 3371, 3390, 3438, 3469 and 3509 with Airbus Financial Services for the sale of five A318 aircraft for approximately US$102 million.
Aercap Holdings N.V.
On May 28, 2013, we entered into a framework deed with Aercap Holdings N.V. for the sale and leaseback of several used A330-200 aircraft, which were returned to the lessor, and several new aircraft to be received from the manufacturer including A350-900, B787-8 and B787-9 aircraft. The estimated gross value (at list prices) of these aircraft is US$3.0 billion.
Aircastle Holding Corporation Limited
On February 21, 2014, we entered into a framework deed with Aircastle Holding Corporation Limited for the lease of four B777-300ER already in fleet. The four aircraft were manufactured in 2012 and the estimated market value (at list prices) of these aircraft is US$580 million. The average term of the original leases were 60 months, and the agreement was extended for another 84 months.
GE Commercial Aviation
On April 30, 2007, we also entered into an Aircraft Lease Common Terms Agreement with GE Commercial Aviation Services Limited and two Aircraft Lease Agreements with Wells Fargo Bank Northwest N.A., as owner trustee, for the lease of two Boeing B777-200LRF aircraft. These aircraft were delivered in 2009 and the leases shall remain in place for a term of 96 months.
GE Engine Services LLC
On June 12, 2014, we (and TAM Linhas Aereas S.A.) entered into engine services agreement with GE Engine Services, LLC and GE Celma Ltda. for the provision of maintenance services of CF6-80C2B6F engines (which powers our B767 fleet) during 200 shop visits or 10 years, whichever occurs first.
On July 28, 2009, TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. entered into an engine services agreement with GE Engine Services, Inc. for the provision of maintenance services of GE90-115BL engines, which power 10 B777 passenger fleet and 4 spare engines, for a period of 12 years per engine.
CFM International
On December 17, 2010, we entered into General Terms Agreement No. CFM-1-2377460475 (the “GTA”) and Letter Agreement No. 1 to GTA with CFM International, Inc. (“CFM”) for the sale and support by CFM of CFM56-5B engines to power 70 A320 family aircraft and up to 14 CFM56-5B spare engines. On the same date, we entered into a Rate Per Flight Hour Engine Shop Maintenance Services Agreement with CFM for the provision by CFM of maintenance services for the above-mentioned installed and spare engines.
On December 31, 2014, we entered Letter Agreement No. 2 to GTA with CFM for the sale and support by CFM of CFM56-5B engines to power 20 A320 family aircraft and one spare engine.
On March 15, 2006, TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. entered into an engine services agreement with GE Celma Ltda. for the provision of maintenance services for CFM56-5B engines, which power 47 A320 Fam passenger fleet and 6 spare engines, for a period of 15 years per engine.
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PW1100G-JM Engine Maintenance Agreement
In February 2014, we entered into an engine support and maintenance agreement with United Technologies International Corporation, Pratt & Whitney Division (“PW”) for the sale, support and maintenance by PW of PW1100G-JM engines to power 42 A320NEO family aircraft and nine spare engines. It is also a rate per engine flight hour contract agreement, which includes cost control mechanisms for LATAM.
Rolls-Royce PLC & Rolls-Royce TotalCare Services Limited
On September 30, 2009, we entered into General Terms Agreement No. DEG5307 (the “GTA”) with Rolls-Royce PLC for the sale and support by Rolls-Royce of Trent 1000 engines to power 32 B787 family aircraft and up to 10 Trent 1000 spare engines. On the same date, we entered into a Rate Per Flight Hour Engine Shop Maintenance Services Agreement with Rolls-Royce TotalCare Services Limited for the provision by Rolls-Royce of maintenance services for the above-mentioned installed and spare engines, for a period of 15 years per engine.
On January 11, 2011, TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. entered into General Terms Agreement No. DEG5292 (the “GTA”) with Rolls-Royce PLC for the sale and support by Rolls-Royce of Trent XWB engines to power 27 A350XWB family aircraft and up to 7 Trent XWB spare engines. On the same date, we entered into a Rate Per Flight Hour Engine Shop Maintenance Services Agreement with Rolls-Royce TotalCare Services Limited for the provision by Rolls-Royce of maintenance services for the above-mentioned installed and spare engines, for a period of 12 years per engine. Subsequently, on July 31, 2015, the aforementioned agreements were assigned, so that LATAM Airlines Group S.A. replaces TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. in both agreements.
International Aero Engines AG
On October 12, 2006, we entered into an engine services agreement with IAE International Aero Engines AG for the provision of maintenance services of V2500-A5 engines, which power 53 A320 Fam passenger fleet and 9 spare engines, for a period of 12 years per engine.
On October 21, 2010, TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. entered into an engine services agreement with IAE International Aero Engines AG for the provision of maintenance services of V2500-A5 engines, which power 26 A320 Fam passenger fleet and 7 spare engines, for a period of 12 years per engine.
CFM International
On June 29, 2016, we entered into a Rate Per Flight Hour Agreement for Engine Shop Maintenance Services with CFM International, Inc., covering the maintenance, repair and overhaul of certain CFM56-5B engines.
PAAL Gemini Company Limited – PAAL Aquila Company Limited
During 2016, we entered into lease agreements with PAAL Gemini Company Limited and PAAL Aquila Company Limited, for the sale and lease back of four Airbus A321 received in our fleet in 2016. The term of each of the leases is 10 years and the estimated market value (at list prices) of these aircraft is US$200 million.
Jackson Square
During 2016, we entered into lease agreements with JSA Aircraft 7126, LLC, JSA Aircraft 7128, LLC, JSA Aircraft 7239, LLC and JSA Aircraft 7298, LLC, for the sale and lease back of three Airbus A321 and one Airbus A320 Neo received in our fleet in 2016. The term of each of the leases is 10 years and the estimated market value (at list prices) of these aircraft is US$200 million.
Avolon Aerospace
On May 10, 2017, we entered into a Framework Agreement with Avolon Aerospace for the assignment of two A350-900 aircraft. The estimated market value of these aircraft is US$ 246,000,000.
On September 8, 2017, we entered into a Lease Agreement with Avolon Aerospace for the Sale and Leaseback of five A320 neo aircraft. The estimated market value of these aircraft is US$ 241,000,000. The average term of the leases is 144 months.
On January 16, 2018, we entered into a Lease Agreement with Avolon Aerospace of two A321-200 aircraft. The estimated market value of these aircraft is US$ 88,600,000. The average term of the lease is 124 months.
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Aircastle
On January 11, 2019, we entered into lease agreements with Aircastle for the lease of 10 A320 aircraft. The lease agreements are for a duration of approximately seven to eight years.
Vermillion
On September 2019, we entered into lease agreements with Vermillion for the lease of 4 A320 aircraft. The lease agreements are for a duration of approximately seven and eight years.
SABRE Contract
On May 4, 2015, we entered into a Master Services License Agreement with SABRE Inc. Pursuant to this agreement SABRE Inc., will grant LATAM access and use of certain reservation systems. This agreement will be effective for an initial period of 10 years.
In addition, LATAM has distribution agreements in place with SABRE as well as with other distribution providers. On May 11, 2021 we entered into a new Sabre Participant Carrier Distribution and Services Agreement. This agreement will be effective for an initial period of two years.
AMADEUS Contract
On May 1 2020, we entered into the Amended and Restated Addendum to the Global Distribution Agreement for Full Content and Channel Parity with Amadeus, an agreement effective for an initial period of two years. On January 14, 2021, LATAM rejected this contract, as part of its Chapter 11 proceedings, which took effect on March 1, 2021.
V2500-A5 Engine Maintenance Service Agreement
In 2020, LATAM together with TAM entered into an Engine Maintenance Services Agreement with MTU Maintenance Hannover GmBH, for the maintenance of up to 40 V2500 engines.
CFM56-5B Engine Maintenance Contract
In March 2006, TAM entered into a services agreement with GE Celma, a Brazilian subsidiary of General Electric Engine Services division, for the maintenance by GE Celma of CFM56-5B engines to power 25 A320 family aircraft and four spare engines.
In March 2007 TAM entered into the Amendment 1 to the above-mentioned services agreement with GE Celma, extending the maintenance services to the engines powering additional 16 A320 family aircraft and two spare engines.
V2500-A5 Engine Maintenance Agreement
In 2000, TAM entered into an engine maintenance contract with MTU Motoren-und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, or MTU, pursuant to which MTU agreed to provide certain maintenance, refurbishment, repair and modification services with respect to approximately 105 TAY650-15 aircraft engines. This contract is complemented by a novation and amendment agreement between us and Rolls-Royce Brazil Ltda. pursuant to which Rolls-Royce Brazil Ltda. replaced MTU as contract counterparty. This agreement terminates on June 30, 2015.
Petrobras
In April 2019, we entered into an Aviation Fuel Supply Agreement with Petrobras Distribuidora S.A. and a local agreement for services in Brazil. These Agreements will be effective until December 31, 2021.
In addition, we entered into an Aviation Fuel Supply Agreement with Esmax Distribuidora S.A (Ex Petrobras Chile) and a local agreement for services in Chile, in January 2019. In September 2020 we entered into a Second Amendment to the agreement to establish new commercial conditions. These Agreements will be effective until December 31, 2021.
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World Fuel Services
In October 2006, we entered into an Aviation Fuel Supply Agreement with World Fuel Services INC. Later we entered in local agreements for services in Chile, México and USA. These Agreements will be effective until December 31, 2021.
Air BP-Copec
In July 2018, we entered into an Aviation Fuel Supply Agreement with Air BP Copec S.A. for services in Chile. These Agreements will be effective until December 31, 2021.
Repsol
In October 2014, we entered into an Aviation Fuel Sales Agreement with Repsol Marketing SAC and related companies. Later we entered into a local agreement for services in Peru valid until December 31, 2020.
D. Exchange Controls
Foreign Investment and Exchange Controls in Chile
The Central Bank of Chile is responsible, among other things, for monetary policies and exchange controls in Chile. Equity investments, including investments in shares of stock by persons who are non-Chilean residents, have been generally subject in the past to various exchange control regulations restricting the repatriation of their investments and the earnings thereon.
Article 47 of the Central Bank Act and former Chapter XXVI of the Central Bank Foreign Exchange Regulations regulated the foreign exchange aspects of the issuance of ADSs by a Chilean company until April 2001. According to former Chapter XXVI, the Central Bank of Chile and the depositary had to enter into an agreement in order to gain access to the formal exchange market. The issuers of the shares underlying the ADSs and the custodian could also be parties to these agreements.
On April 16, 2001, the Central Bank of Chile agreed that, effective April 19, 2001:
● | prior foreign exchange restrictions would be eliminated; and |
● | a new Compendium of Foreign Exchange Regulations (Compendio de Normas de Cambios Internacionales) would be applied. |
The main objective of these amendments, as declared by the Central Bank of Chile, is to facilitate movement of capital in and out of Chile and to encourage foreign investment.
In connection with the change in policy, the Central Bank of Chile eliminated the following restrictions:
● | a reserve requirement with the Central Bank of Chile for a period of one year (this mandatory reserve was imposed on foreign loans and funds brought into Chile to purchase shares other than those acquired in the establishment of a new company or in the capital increase of the issuing company; the reserve requirement was gradually decreased from 30% of the proposed investment to 0%); |
● | the requirement of prior approval by the Central Bank of Chile for certain operations; |
● | mandatory return of foreign currency to Chile; and |
● | mandatory conversion of foreign currency into Chilean pesos. |
Under the new regulations, only the following limitations apply to these operations:
● | the Central Bank of Chile must be provided with information related to certain operations; and |
● | certain operations must be conducted with the Formal Exchange Market. |
The Central Bank of Chile also eliminated Chapter XXVI of the Compendium of Foreign Exchange Regulations, which regulated the establishment of an ADR facility by a Chilean company. Pursuant to the new rules, it is no longer necessary to seek the Central Bank of Chile’s prior approval in order to establish an ADR facility or to enter into a foreign investment contract with the Central Bank of Chile.
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However, all contracts executed under the provisions of former Chapter XXVI (including the foreign investment contract among LATAM Airlines Group, the Central Bank of Chile and the ADS depositary, or the “Foreign Investment Contract”), remained in full force and effect and continued to be governed by the provisions, and continued to be subject to the restrictions, set forth in former Chapter XXVI at the time of its abrogation. Our Foreign Investment Contract guaranteed ADS investors access to the Formal Exchange Market to convert amounts from Chilean pesos into U.S. dollars and repatriate amounts received with respect to deposited common shares or common shares withdrawn from deposit or surrender of ADRs (including amounts received as cash dividends and proceeds from the sale in Chile of the underlying common shares and any rights arising from them).
On May 10, 2007, the Board of the Central Bank of Chile resolved to interpret the regulations regarding the former Chapter XXVI in connection with the access granted to the Formal Exchange Market. These regulations allowed entities that carry out capital increases by means of the issuance of cash shares before August 31, 2007 to apply the aforementioned regulation to their capital increases, but only once and only if those shares can be fully subscribed and paid by August 31, 2008, among other conditions. Consequently, capital increases carried out after August 31, 2007 will have no guaranteed access to the Formal Exchange Market.
On October 17, 2012, the Central Bank of Chile, the depositary and LATAM Airlines Group entered into a termination agreement in respect of LATAM’s existing foreign investment contract. ADR holders were notified about this termination in accordance with Section 16 of the Deposit Agreement. Upon termination of the foreign investment contract, holders of ADSs and the depositary no longer have guaranteed access to the Formal Exchange Market. Currently, the ADS facility is governed by Chapter XIV of the Compendium on “Regulations applicable to Credits, Deposits, Investments and Capital Contributions from Abroad.” According to Chapter XIV, the establishment or maintenance of an ADS facility is regarded as an ordinary foreign investment, and it is not necessary to seek the Central Bank of Chile’s prior approval in order to establish an ADS facility. The establishment or maintenance of an ADS facility only requires that the Central Bank of Chile be informed of the transaction, and that the foreign currency transactions related thereby be conducted through the Formal Exchange Market.
Investment in Our Shares and ADRs after the business combination with TAM
As a result of the combination with TAM, investments made in shares of our common stock are subject to the following requirements:
● | any foreign investor acquiring shares of our common stock who brought funds into Chile for that purpose must bring those funds through an entity participating in the Formal Exchange Market; |
● | any foreign investor acquiring shares of our common stock to be converted into ADSs or deposited into an ADR program who brought funds into Chile for that purpose must bring those funds through an entity participating in the Formal Exchange Market; |
● | in both cases, the entity of the Formal Exchange Market through which the funds are brought into Chile must report such investment to the Central Bank of Chile; |
● | all remittances of funds from Chile to the foreign investor upon the sale of the acquired shares of our common stock or from dividends or other distributions made in connection therewith must be made through the Formal Exchange Market; |
● | all remittances of funds from Chile to the foreign investor upon the sale of shares underlying ADSs or from dividends or other distributions made in connection therewith must be made through the Formal Exchange Market; and |
● | all remittances of funds made to the foreign investor must be reported to the Central Bank of Chile by the intervening entity of the Formal Exchange Market. |
When funds are brought into Chile for a purpose other than to acquire shares to convert them into ADSs or deposit them into an ADR program and subsequently such funds are used to acquire shares to be converted into ADSs or deposited into an ADR program such investment must be reported to the Central Bank of Chile by the custodian within 10 days following the end of each month within which the custodian is obligated to deliver periodic reports to the Central Bank of Chile.
When funds to acquire shares of our common stock or to acquire shares to convert them into ADSs or deposit them into an ADR program are received by us abroad (i.e., outside of Chile), such investment must be reported to the Central Bank of Chile directly by the foreign investor or by an entity participating in the Formal Exchange Market within ten days following the end of the month in which the investment was made.
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All payments in foreign currency in connection with our shares of common stock or ADSs made from Chile through the Formal Exchange Market must be reported to the Central Bank of Chile by the entity participating in the transaction. In the event there are payments made outside of Chile, the foreign investor must provide the relevant information to the Central Bank of Chile directly or through an entity of the Formal Exchange Market within the first ten calendar days of the month following the date on which the payment was made.
There can be no assurance that additional Chilean restrictions applicable to the holders of ADSs, the disposition of shares of our common shares underlying ADSs or the conversion or repatriation of the proceeds from such disposition will not be imposed in the future, nor can we assess the duration or impact of such restriction if imposed.
This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to Chapter XIV of the Central Bank of Chile’s Foreign Exchange Regulations, a copy of which is available in Spanish and English versions at the Central Bank’s website at www.bcentral.cl.
Voting Rights
Holders of our ADSs, which represent common shares, may instruct the depositary to vote the shares underlying their ADRs. If we ask holders for instructions, the depositary will notify such holders of the upcoming vote and arrange to deliver our voting materials to such holders. The materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how holders may instruct the depositary to vote the shares or other deposited securities underlying their ADSs as they direct by a specified date. For instructions to be valid, the depositary must receive them on or before the date specified as “Vote Cut-Off Date.” The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject to Chilean law and the provisions of our by-laws, to vote or to have its agents vote the shares or other deposited securities as holders instruct. Otherwise, holders will not be able to exercise their right to vote unless they withdraw the shares. However, holders may not know about the meeting far enough in advance to withdraw the shares. We will use our best efforts to request that the depositary notify holders of upcoming votes and ask for their instructions.
If the depositary does not receive voting instructions from a holder by the specified date, it will consider such holder to have authorized and directed it to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by our board of directors to vote the number of deposited securities represented by such holder’s ADSs. The depositary will give a discretionary proxy in those circumstances to vote on all questions to be voted upon unless we notify the depositary that:
● | we do not wish to receive a discretionary proxy; |
● | we think there is substantial shareholder opposition to the particular question; or |
● | we think the particular question would have an adverse impact on our shareholders. |
● | The depositary will only vote or attempt to vote as such holder instructs or as described above. |
We cannot assure holders that they receive the voting materials in time to ensure that they can instruct the depositary to vote their shares. This means that holders may not be able to exercise their right to vote and there may be nothing they can do if their shares are not voted as they requested.
Exchange Rates
Prior to 1989, Chilean law permitted the purchase and sale of foreign exchange only in those cases explicitly authorized by the Central Bank of Chile. The Central Bank Act liberalized the rules that govern the ability to buy and sell foreign currency. The Central Bank Act empowers the Central Bank of Chile to determine that certain purchases and sales of foreign currency specified by law must be carried out exclusively in the Formal Exchange Market, which is made up of the banks and other entities authorized by the Central Bank of Chile. All payments and distributions with respect to the ADSs must be conducted exclusively in the Formal Exchange Market.
For purposes of the operation of the Formal Exchange Market, the Central Bank of Chile sets a reference exchange rate (dólar acuerdo). The Central Bank of Chile resets the reference exchange rate monthly, taking internal and external inflation into account, and adjusts the reference exchange rate daily to reflect variations in parities between the Chilean peso, the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen and the European euro.
The observed exchange rate (dólar observado) is the average exchange rate at which transactions were actually carried out in the Formal Exchange Market on a particular day, as certified by the Central Bank of Chile on the next banking day.
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In order to keep fluctuations in the average exchange rate within certain limits, the Central Bank of Chile has in the past intervened by buying or selling foreign currency on the formal exchange market. On September 1999, the Central Bank of Chile decided to limit its formal commitment to intervene and decided to exercise it only under extraordinary circumstances, which are to be announced in advance. The Central Bank of Chile also committed to provide periodic information about the levels of its international reserves.
Purchases and sales of foreign exchange effectuated outside the Formal Exchange Market are made through the Informal Exchange Market (Mercado Cambiario Informal) established by the Central Bank in 1990. There are no limits on the extent to which the rate of exchange in the Informal Exchange Market can fluctuate above or below the observed exchange rate.
Although our results of operations have not been significantly affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates between the peso and the U.S. dollar because our functional currency is the U.S. dollar, we are exposed to foreign exchange losses and gains due to exchange rate fluctuations. Even though the majority of our revenues are denominated in or pegged to the U.S. dollar, the Chilean government’s economic policies affecting foreign exchange and future fluctuations in the value of the peso against the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our results of operations and an investor’s return on an investment in ADSs.
E. Taxation
Chilean Tax
The following discussion relates to Chilean income tax laws presently in force, including Ruling No. 324 of January 29, 1990 of the Chilean Servicios de Impuestos Internos (“Chilean IRS”) and other applicable regulations and rulings, all of which are subject to change. The discussion summarizes the principal Chilean income tax consequences of an investment in the ADSs or common shares by a person who is neither domiciled in, nor a resident of, Chile or by a legal entity that is incorporated abroad not organized under the laws of Chile and does not have a branch or a permanent establishment located in Chile (such an individual or entity is referred to herein as a Foreign Holder). For purposes of Chilean tax law, an individual holder is a resident of Chile if such person remains in Chile, whether continuously or not, for a period or periods exceeding a total of 183 days, within any twelve-month period. The discussion is not intended as tax advice to any particular investor, which can be rendered only in light of that investor’s particular tax situation.
Under Chilean law, provisions contained in statutes such as tax rates applicable to foreign investors, the computation of taxable income for Chilean purposes and the manner in which Chilean taxes are imposed and collected may only be amended by another statute. In addition, the Chilean tax authorities enact rulings and regulations of either general or specific application and interpret the provisions of Chilean tax law. Chilean tax may not be assessed retroactively against taxpayers who act in good faith relying on such rulings, regulations and interpretations, but Chilean tax authorities may change these rulings, regulations and interpretations prospectively. On February 4, 2010, representatives of the governments of the United States and Chile signed an income tax treaty. The treaty will have to be approved by the U.S. Senate before it becomes effective.
Law No. 20,780, enacted on September 29, 2014, in conjunction with Law No. 20,899, enacted on February 8, 2016 (both, the “Tax Reform Act”) introduced a comprehensive modification to the Chilean income tax system. The Tax Reform Act introduced changes to the corporate tax rate, mandating a gradual increase of the rate from 20% to 25% or 27% in certain cases, the rules regarding minimum capitalization, and the taxation of Chilean investments abroad (the controlled-foreign-corporation rules), and introduced two new alternative general income tax regimes for Chilean taxpayers (Fully Integrated Regime and Partially Integrated Regime), among others. Both regimes apply as from January 1, 2017. The mandatory regime for entities organized as stock corporations like Latam Airlines Group S.A. is the Partially Integrated System and the Corporate Income Tax rate for companies under this regime is 27% from 2018 onward.
In addition, on February 24, 2020 Law No. 21,210, a new tax reform law, was enacted which in general is in force as of March 1, 2020 with some provisions entering into force at different dates. The main new rules are: (i) repealing both the Fully and the Partially Integrated Regimes. A new tax regime is established for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) whose sales do not exceed app US$2.55 million annually (the threshold might consider related party income) with a 25% rate Corporate Tax, and 100% of credit against final taxes (please note that amounts expressed in USD may be subject to change due to exchange rate fluctuations). The Partially Integrated regime would remain for companies exceeding such threshold; (ii) incorporating a surcharge of the current real estate tax applicable on the aggregate value of a taxpayer’s real estate higher than US$600,000 app; (iii) limiting and eventually impeding Chilean holding companies in a tax loss position from claiming a refund of the corporate taxes paid by local subsidiaries remitting dividends. Full implementation would occur in 2024; (iv) increasing the higher marginal personal income tax rate for Chilean domiciled individuals up to a 40% from the current 35%; and (v) modifying some requirements from the capital gain tax exemption in the sale of shares with high stock market presence, amongst others. We do not expect any material adverse effect on the business from this new tax reform law.
Finally, on September 2, 2016 Law No 21,256 which takes emergency measures to counteract the economic effects of COVID 19 came into effect. The main changes enacted by this law are (i) a transitory reduction of the FCIT to SMEs to 10% for the fiscal years 2020, 2021, and 2022, (ii) instantaneous depreciation was extended to 100% for the entire country (not only a particular region of Chile), and for all investments in fixed assets made until December 31, 2022 amongst other changes to promote small business.
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Cash Dividends and Other Distributions
Under the new Partially Integrated Regime, cash dividends we pay with respect to the ADSs or common shares held by a Foreign Holder will be subject to a 35% Chilean withholding tax, which we withhold and pay over to the Chilean tax authorities and which we refer to as the Withholding Tax. A credit against the Withholding Tax is available based on the corporate income tax rate of the year of distribution and provided a sufficient balance of accumulated corporate income tax credits is available. These credits correspond to corporate income tax we actually paid on the accumulated income (referred to herein as the First Category Tax or FCIT). However, this credit does not reduce the Withholding Tax on a one-for-one basis because it also increases the base on which the Withholding Tax is imposed. In addition, if we distribute less than all of our distributable income, the credit for First Category Tax we pay is proportionately reduced. If we register net income and a tax loss, no credit against the Withholding Tax may be available.
The Partially Integrated Regime reduces the amount of First Category Tax creditable against the Withholding Tax for certain Foreign Holders. As a general rule, only 65% of the First Category Income Tax credit will actually offset the Withholding Tax. However, if a tax treaty is in place between Chile and the country of domicile of a Foreign Holder and such Foreign Holder is entitled to treaty benefits in relation to the income, the full First Category Tax credit will continue to be available to offset against the Withholding Tax.
Under a transitory provision included in Law No. 21,210, in effect until December 31, 2026, the full 27% First Category Tax will also be creditable against the 35% Withholding Tax if the recipient of a dividend distribution is a shareholder resident in a country with which Chile has a tax treaty signed before January 1st, 2020, although such treaty is not yet in force. This last tax reform extended this benefit which was included by the Tax Reform Act and it was in force until December 31, 2021.
In general, the example below illustrates the effective Withholding Tax burden on a cash dividend received by a Foreign Holder assuming a Withholding Tax rate of 35%, a First Category Tax rate of 27% and a distribution of 30% of the consolidated net income of the Company after payment of the First Category Tax:
Foreign Holder in Treaty Country | Foreign Holder in Non Treaty Country | |||||||
The Company’s taxable income | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||||||
First Category Tax (27% of Ch$100). | (27.00 | ) | (27.00 | ) | ||||
Net distributable income | 73.00 | 73.00 | ||||||
Dividend distributed (*) | 21.90 | 21.90 | ||||||
First category increase | 8.10 | 8.10 | ||||||
Amount subject to Withholding Tax (**) | 30.00 | 30.00 | ||||||
Withholding Tax | (10.50 | ) | (10.50 | ) | ||||
Credit for First Category Tax | 8.10 | 8.10 | ||||||
Add back 35% of the First Category Tax | N/A | (2.84 | ) | |||||
Net tax withheld | (2.40 | ) | (5.27 | ) | ||||
Net dividend received | 19.5 | 16.64 | ||||||
Effective dividend withholding rate | 11 | % | 24 | % |
(*) | 30% of net distributable income. |
(**) | The dividend of Ch$21.90 grossed up with the First Category Tax credit of Ch$8.10. |
The effective rate of Withholding Tax to be imposed on dividends we pay will depend on the First Category Tax rate applicable in the year of distribution and on the balance of First Category Income Tax credits accumulated by the company. The First Category Tax rate will be 27% for 2018 and following years. The First Category Tax credits generated as of 2017, will be allocated first. Once the balance of First Category Tax credits generated as of 2017 are exhausted, the First Category Tax credits accumulated until December 31, 2016 will be used. In that event the First Category Tax credit available against the Withholding Tax will not correspond to the First Category Tax rate of the year of distribution but to the average rate of First Category Tax credits accumulated until December 31, 2016. This average rate will be determined by dividing the aggregate First Category Tax Credits accumulated until December 31, 2016 by the aggregate retained taxable profits accumulated at the same date. The First Category Tax credits accumulated until December 31, 2016 are not subject to the First Category Tax Credit Restitution irrespective of whether a tax treaty is in place with the country of the Foreign Holder or not.
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The First Category Tax credits accumulated until December 31, 2016 correspond to the First Category Tax we actually paid on the income generated in a given year. For earnings generated from 1991 until 2001, the First Category Tax rate was 15%. The rate was 16.0% in 2002, 16.5% in 2003, 17% from 2004 until 2010, 20% from 2011 until 2013, 21% in 2014, 22.5% in 2015, 24% in 2016 and 25.5% in 2017 for companies subject to the Partially Integrated Regime.
In the event that the accumulated First Category Tax credits are not sufficient to cover any particular dividend, we will generally withhold tax from the dividend at the full 35% rate.
Dividend distributions made in kind would be subject to the same Chilean tax rules as cash dividends based on the fair market value of the relevant assets. Stock dividends and the distribution of preemptive rights are not subject to Chilean taxation.
Capital Gains
Gain from the sale or other disposition by a Foreign Holder of ADRs evidencing ADSs outside Chile will not be subject to Chilean taxation. The deposit and withdrawal of common shares in exchange for ADRs will not be subject to any Chilean taxes.
Gain recognized on a sale or disposition of common shares by a Foreign Holder (as distinguished from sales or exchanges of ADRs evidencing ADSs representing such common shares) may be subject to a 35% Withholding Tax. Moreover, a gain not exceeding 10 Annual Tax Units (US$8,621 as of December 28, 2020) recognized by a Foreign Holder without taxable presence in Chile in a sale to a non-related buyer will not be taxable.
The gain on the sale of shares of common stock by a Foreign Holder is subject to a withholding of 35% of the gain. If the gain subject to taxation cannot be determined, the Foreign Holder is subject to a provisional withholding of 10% of the total (sale price) amount, without any deduction, when the amounts are paid to, credited to, accounted for, put at the disposal of, or corresponding to, the Foreign Holder. The Foreign Holder would be entitled to request a tax refund for any amounts withheld in excess of the taxes actually due in April of the following year upon filing its corresponding tax return. Gain recognized in the transfer of common shares that have a high presence in the stock exchange, however, is not subject to capital gains tax in Chile, provided that the common shares are transferred in a local stock exchange or within the process of a public tender of common shares governed by the Securities Market Act. The common shares must have been acquired either in a local stock exchange, within the process of a public tender of common shares governed by the Securities Market Act, in an initial public offer of common shares resulting from the formation of a corporation or a capital increase of the same, or in an exchange of convertible bonds.
Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraph, Chile’s tax authority Ruling No. 1,480 (issued on August 22, 2014) confirmed that capital gains stemming from the sale of shares with high stock market presence acquired through the exchange of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) for shares is not subject to capital gains tax in Chile. Such exemption is applicable provided that the ADRs comply with the requirements established by the CMF for the public offering of securities in Chile (i.e. if the ADRs are registered in the Foreign Securities Registry of the CMF, or their registration has been exempted by the CMF under a cooperation agreement signed with regulators of foreign markets), and the underlying shares have been registered in the Securities Registry of the CMF and on a Chilean Stock exchange. Shares are considered to have a high presence in the stock exchange when they:
● | are registered in the Securities Registry; |
● | are registered in a Chilean Stock exchange; and |
● | meet at least one of the following requirements: |
● | have an adjusted presence equal to or above 25%; |
● | have a Market Maker (this requirement is limited under the recently enacted tax reform law). |
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To calculate the adjusted presence of a particular share, the aforementioned regulation first requires a determination of the number of days in which the operations regarding the stock exceeded, in Chilean pesos, the equivalent of 1,000 UF (US$40,933 as of December 28, 2020) within the previous 180 business days of the stock market. That number must then be divided by 180, multiplied by 100, and expressed in a percentage value.
To meet the “Market Maker” requirement the issuer of the shares must execute a written contract with a stockbroker incorporated in Chile that fulfills some additional requirements. Law No. 21,210 modified this provision in those cases where the high stock market presence is given exclusively by virtue of a Market Maker. In such cases, the capital gain tax exemption would apply only for the term of one year from the first public offering of the securities.
A capital gains tax exemption for “foreign institutional investors” such as mutual funds and pension funds was repealed as from May 1, 2014 by Law 20,712. However, the law includes a grandfathering provision for shares acquired before May 1, 2014. This provision establishes an exemption on the capital gain obtained in the sale of shares that are publicly traded and have a high presence in a stock exchange when the sale is made by a foreign institutional investor, provided that the sale is made in a local stock exchange or in a public tender in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Market Act, or in the redemption of fund quotas, and the shares were acquired before May 1, 2014.
Pursuant to the regulations of the grandfathering rule, to qualify as a foreign institutional investor an entity must be formed outside of Chile, not have a domicile in Chile, and must be at least one of the following:
● | a fund registered with a regulatory authority of an EU or OECD country, or other country duly authorized by the CMF; |
● | a pension fund that is formed exclusively by natural persons that receive pensions out of an accumulated capital in the fund, regulated by an authority of the countries mentioned above; |
● | an insurance company regulated by the competent regulatory authority of the insurance business, as appropriate, which must be part of IAIS, International Association of Insurance Supervisors, or ASSAL, Asociación de Supervisores de Seguros de América Latina; |
● | a foreign State or a division with political autonomy recognized by Chile, whether they invest through its government, central bank, issuing bank or corresponding monetary authority. Moreover, the investment can be made through investment authorities, investment agencies, investment corporations or other entities, provided that its purpose is to provide financial resources for the exclusive benefit of the foreign State or territorial division, and provided that the vehicle is not used also for investments or resources other than those of the sovereign fund; or |
● | an endowment funds duly registered in an EU or OECD country, or other country duly authorized by the CMF. |
The foreign institutional investor must not directly or indirectly participate in the control of the corporations issuing the shares it invests in, nor possess or participate directly or indirectly in 10% or more of the capital or the profits of such corporations.
Another requirement for the exemption is that the foreign institutional investor must execute a written contract with a bank or a stockbroker incorporated in Chile. In this contract, the bank or stockbroker must undertake to execute purchase and sale orders, verify the applicability of the tax exemption or tax withholding and inform the Chilean IRS of the investors it works with and the transactions it performs. Finally, the foreign institutional investor must register with the Chilean IRS by means of a sworn statement issued by such bank or stockbroker.
The tax basis of common shares received in exchange for ADRs will be the acquisition value of the common shares on the date of exchange duly adjusted for local inflation. The valuation procedure set forth in the deposit agreement, which values common shares which are being exchanged at the highest price at which they trade on the SSE on the date of the exchange, will determine the acquisition value for this purpose. Consequently, the surrender of ADRs for common shares and the immediate sale of the common shares for the value established under the Deposit Agreement will not generate a capital gain subject to taxation in Chile, provided that the sale of the common shares is made on the same date on which the exchange of ADRs for common shares is recorded, or if the price of the common shares at the exchange date, as determined above, is higher than the price at which the common shares are sold.
The exercise of preemptive rights relating to the common shares will not be subject to Chilean taxation. Any gain obtained by a Foreign Holder without taxable presence in Chile on the sale of preemptive rights relating to the common shares will be subject to Withholding Tax (the former being creditable against the latter).
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Other Chilean Taxes
There are no Chilean inheritance, gift or succession taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of ADSs by a Foreign Holder, but such taxes generally will apply to the transfer at death or by gift of the common shares by a Foreign Holder. There are no Chilean stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by Foreign Holders of ADSs or common shares.
Withholding Tax Certificates
Upon request, we will provide to Foreign Holders appropriate documentation evidencing the payment of the Withholding Tax (net of the applicable First Category Tax credit).
Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
This section describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. holder (as defined below) of owning common shares or ADSs. It applies to you only if you hold your common shares or ADSs as capital assets for tax purposes. This section does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to U.S holders with respect to their ownership and disposition of ADSs or common shares. Accordingly, it is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, tax advice. This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:
● | a dealer in securities, |
● | a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings, |
● | a tax-exempt organization, |
● | a financial institution, |
● | a regulated investment company, |
● | a real estate investment trust, |
● | a life insurance company, |
● | a person liable for alternative minimum tax, |
● | a person that directly, indirectly or constructively owns 10% or more of the vote or value of our stock, |
● | a person that holds common shares or ADSs as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction, |
● | a person that purchases or sells common shares or ADSs as part of a wash sale for tax purposes, |
● | a U.S. holder (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
● | a U.S. expatriate, |
● | a person who acquired our ADSs or common shares pursuant to the exercise of any employee share option or otherwise as compensation, or |
● | a partnership or other pass-through entity or arrangement treated as such (or a person holding our ADSs or common shares through a partnership or other pass through entity or arrangement treated as such). |
If you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, you should consult your tax advisor with regard to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in the common shares or ADSs. Moreover, this summary does not address the U.S. federal estate, gift, or the Medicare contribution tax applicable to net investment income of certain non-corporate U.S. holders or alternative minimum tax considerations, or any U.S. state, local, or non-U.S. tax considerations of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares and ADSs.
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This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”) its legislative history, existing and proposed Treasury regulations, published rulings and court decisions, all as of the date hereof. These laws are subject to change or differing interpretation, possibly on a retroactive basis. No ruling has been sought from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service with respect to any U.S. federal income tax consequences described below, and there can be no assurance that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or a court will not take a contrary position. On February 4, 2010, representatives of the governments of the United States and Chile signed an income tax treaty but the treaty is not yet in effect since it has not yet been ratified by both the U.S. Senate and the Chilean Congress. In addition, this section is based in part upon the representations of the Depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms.
If an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds the common shares or ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding the common shares or ADSs should consult its tax advisor with regard to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in the common shares or ADSs.
For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of common shares or ADSs that is a citizen or resident of the United States or a U.S. domestic corporation or that otherwise is subject to U.S. federal income taxation on a net income basis in respect of such common shares or ADSs.
The U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holder may be affected by our Chapter 11 proceedings, which remain ongoing. You should consult with your tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal income tax considerations of the ownership or disposition of our common shares or the ADSs in light of our Chapter 11 proceedings and your particular circumstances, as well as any considerations arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
ADSs
As a result of our Chapter 11 proceedings, LATAM was delisted from the NYSE on June 22, 2020. Our ADSs continue to trade in the over-the-counter market under the ticker “LTMAQ.” In general, and taking into account the earlier assumptions, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, if you hold ADRs evidencing ADSs, you will be treated as the beneficial owner of the common shares represented by those ADRs. Exchanges of common shares for ADRs, and ADRs for common shares, generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
The U.S. Treasury has expressed concerns that intermediaries in the chain of ownership between the holder of an ADS and the issuer of the security underlying the ADS may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the beneficial ownership of the underlying security. Accordingly, the creditability of any foreign taxes paid and the availability of the reduced tax rate for dividends received by certain non-corporate U.S. holders (as discussed below), could be affected by actions taken by intermediaries in the chain of ownership between the holders of ADSs and us if as a result of actions the holders of ADSs are not properly treated as beneficial owners of the underlying common shares.
Taxation of Dividends
Under the U.S. federal income tax laws, and subject to the passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) rules discussed below, if you are a U.S. holder, the gross amount of any dividend we pay out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is subject to U.S. federal income taxation. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your adjusted tax basis in the common shares or ADSs, as the case may be, and thereafter as capital gain from the sale or exchange of the common shares or ADSs, as the case may be. However, we do not expect to calculate earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. Accordingly, you should expect to generally treat any distributions we make as dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If you are an individual, trust, or estate U.S. holder, dividends paid on the ADSs or common shares that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to you at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains. Dividends paid on the ADSs or common shares will be treated as qualified dividend income if:
● | (a) the ADSs or common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States; or (b) we are eligible for benefits of a comprehensive tax treaty with the United States, which the U.S. Treasury determines is satisfactory for this purpose, which includes an exchange of information program; |
● | we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a PFIC. |
● | you hold the ADSs or common shares for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date and meet other holding period requirement; and the U.S. holder is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. |
We believe that our common shares and ADSs should not be treated as stock of a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. See “—PFIC Rules,” below.
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U.S. Internal Revenue Service guidance provides that shares and ADSs are considered as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on certain national U.S. securities exchanges, including the NYSE. Although the U.S. Internal Revenue Service indicated in 2003 that it was considering whether, and under what conditions, securities tradable only in the over-the-counter market might be treated as readily tradable on an established securities market, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service to date has not issued guidance identifying any additional trading markets as established securities markets for these purposes. Accordingly, because our ADSs were delisted from the NYSE on June 22, 2020 and currently trade only on the over-the-counter market, and because our common shares are not listed on any United States securities market, dividends we pay with respect to the common shares will not be qualified dividend income (as long as there is no income tax treaty in effect between Chile and the United States), and therefore, the U.S. dollar amount of such dividends received by an individual, trust, or estate U.S. holder will be subject to taxation at ordinary U.S. federal income tax rates. Corporate U.S. holders are taxed on dividend income at the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate whether or not the dividend income is qualified dividend income.
The dividend is taxable to you when you, in the case of common shares, or the Depositary, in the case of ADSs, receive the dividend, actually or constructively. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to United States corporations in respect of dividends received from other United States corporations or certain foreign corporations. The amount of the dividend distribution that you must include in your income as a U.S. holder will be the U.S. dollar value of the Chilean pesos payments made, determined at the spot Chilean pesos/U.S. dollar rate on the date the dividend distribution is includible in your income, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date you include the dividend payment in income to the date you convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss and will not be eligible for the special tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income. The gain or loss generally will be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of such property on the date of distribution.
The dividend income you have to include in gross income includes the amount of any Chilean tax withheld from the dividend payment even though you do not in fact receive such amount. Subject to generally applicable limitations and conditions under the Code, Chilean Withholding Tax withheld and paid over to the Chilean tax authorities (after taking into account the credit for the First Category Tax, when it is available) generally will be creditable or deductible against your U.S. federal income tax liability. Special rules apply in determining the foreign tax credit limitation with respect to qualified dividend income that is subject to preferential U.S. federal income tax rates. To the extent a refund of the tax withheld is available to you under Chilean law, as is the case if the amount of Chilean Withholding Tax initially withheld from a dividend is determined to be excessive as described above under “—Taxation—Chilean Tax—Cash Dividends and Other Distributions,” the amount of tax withheld that is refundable will not be eligible for credit against your United States federal income tax liability.
Dividends will generally be income from sources outside the United States and will, depending on your circumstances, generally be either “passive” or “general” or “foreign branch” income for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit allowable to you. The rules relating to foreign tax credits and deductions are complex. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors concerning the application of these rules in their particular circumstances.
Taxation of Capital Gains
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, if you sell or otherwise dispose of your common shares or ADSs, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount that you realize and your adjusted tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in your common shares or ADSs. Capital gain of an individual trust, or estate U.S. holder is generally taxed at preferential rates where the property is held for more than one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. The gain or loss will generally be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. Consequently, you may not be able to use the Chilean tax imposed on the disposition of common shares or ADSs as a foreign tax credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability on such disposition, but it is possible that you may be able to apply such Chilean taxes as a foreign tax credit against U.S. federal income tax due on other income you may have that is treated as derived from foreign sources in the appropriate foreign tax credit limitation category.
If the consideration received for our common shares or ADSs is paid in foreign currency, the amount realized will generally be the U.S. dollar value of the payment received translated at the spot rate of exchange on the date of disposition (or, if the common shares or ADSs are traded on an established securities market at such time, in the case of cash-basis and electing accrual-basis U.S. holders, the settlement date). An accrual basis U.S. holder that does not elect to determine the amount realized using the spot exchange rate on the settlement date will recognize foreign currency gain or loss equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount received based on the spot exchange rates in effect on the date of the sale or other disposition and the settlement date. Our ADSs were delisted from the NYSE on June 22, 2020 and currently trade only on the over-the-counter market. It is unclear whether an over-the-counter market is treated as an established securities market for purposes of these rules. A U.S. holder’s initial tax basis in our common shares or ADSs will equal the cost of such ADSs or common shares. If a U.S. holder used foreign currency to purchase our common shares or ADSs, the cost of our common shares or ADSs will be the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency purchase price on the date of purchase. If our common shares or ADSs are treated as traded on an established securities market and the relevant U.S. holder is either a cash basis taxpayer or an accrual basis taxpayer who has made the special election described above, such holder will determine the U.S. dollar value of the cost of such common shares or ADSs by translating the amount paid at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the purchase.
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PFIC Rules
We believe that our common shares and ADSs should not be treated as stock of a PFIC for our current taxable year and we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC in future taxable years. United States federal income tax purposes, but this conclusion is a factual determination that is made annually and thus may be subject to change. If we were to be treated as a PFIC, gain realized on the sale or other disposition of your common shares or ADSs would in general not be treated as capital gain that is eligible for preferential tax rates in the case of non-corporate U.S. holders. Instead, if you are a U.S. holder, unless you make a timely “mark-to-market” election electing to be taxed annually on a mark-to-market basis with respect to your common shares or ADSs, or you make a timely “qualified electing fund” election electing to be taxed annually on the earnings and gains of the PFIC attributable to your shares or ADSs (irrespective of distributions), you would be treated as if you had realized such gain ratably over your holding period in the common shares or ADSs and would be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for each such year to which the gain was allocated, together with an interest charge in respect of the tax attributable to each such year except for the current year. In addition, unless you make a timely “mark-to-market” election or “qualified electing fund” election, distributions that you receive from us as a direct or indirect U.S. holder will not be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income if we are treated as a PFIC with respect to you either in the taxable year of the distribution or the preceding taxable year, but instead will be taxable at the tax rates applicable to ordinary income, and to the extent they are treated as “excess distributions” under the PFIC rules, they will also be subject to the PFIC interest charge described above. A U.S. holder will be required to make an annual filing with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service if such holder holds or ADSs or common shares in any year in which we are classified as a PFIC. With certain exceptions, your common shares or ADSs will continue to be treated as stock in a PFIC if we were a PFIC at any time during your holding period in your common shares or ADSs even if we no longer meet the PFIC tests in a later year.
The U.S. federal income tax rules relating to PFICs are complex. Prospective U.S. investors are urged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the application of the PFIC rules to their investment in the common shares or ADSs.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividends paid on, and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, the shares to a U.S. Holder generally may be subject to the information reporting requirements of the Code and may be subject to backup withholding unless the U.S. Holder provides an accurate taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification or otherwise establishes an exemption. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Holder will be allowed as a refund or credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service in a timely manner.
A holder that is not a U.S. Holder may be required to comply with certification and identification procedures in order to establish its exemption from information reporting and backup withholding.
Foreign Asset Reporting
Certain U.S. holders who are individuals (and certain entities) that hold an interest in “specified foreign financial assets” (which may include the common shares or ADSs) with an aggregate value in excess of U.S.$50,000 on the last day of the taxable year or $75,000 at any time during the taxable year, are required to report information relating to such assets, currently on Form 8938, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for stock held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions). Penalties can apply if U.S. holders fail to satisfy such reporting requirements. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this requirement on their ownership and disposition of common shares and ADSs.
F. Dividends and Paying Agents
Not applicable.
G. Statement by Experts
Not applicable.
H. Documents on Display
We file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC that apply to foreign private issuers. Filings we make electronically with the SEC are available to the public on the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and at our website at [http://www.latamairlinesgroup.net/financial-information/sec-filings]. (This URL is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. It is not intended to be an active hyperlink to our website. The information on our website, which might be accessible through a hyperlink resulting from this URL, is not and shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this annual report.)
I. Subsidiary Information
Not applicable.
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ITEM 11. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
General
Given the nature of its business, LATAM is exposed mainly to three types of market risk:
● | Fuel price fluctuations; |
● | Foreign exchange fluctuations; and |
● | Interest rate fluctuations. |
Management assesses the level of our exposure to these risks periodically to determine which one should be hedged and the most effective mechanisms to be implemented. LATAM purchases derivative instruments in foreign markets to offset market risk exposure, typically utilizing a mix of financial and commodity derivatives. LATAM does not enter into or hold derivative contracts for trading purposes.
For more information on Market Risk, see Note 3 “Financial Risk Management” to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Risk of Fluctuations in Fuel Prices
Jet fuel price fluctuations are largely dependent on supply and demand for crude oil, OPEC decisions, refinery capacities, stock levels of crude oil, natural disasters, climatic risk and geopolitical factors.
LATAM fuel consumption for 2020 was 586.2 million gallons. To manage its exposure to the cost of fuel, LATAM has a hedging program based on our Fuel Hedging Policy, which is annually updated and approved by the board of directors. LATAM’s Fuel Hedging Policy aims to mitigate the liquidity risk in the short/medium term, avoiding cash and financial distress. LATAM has established four hedging zones based on advance purchase behavior, pass-through and fuel invoicing process.
Jet Fuel is not the only underlying asset that LATAM may use for hedging purposes. It may also consider derivative instruments in other underlying commodity assets such as ICE Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) or NYMEX Heating Oil (HO).
LATAM has decided to use protective and non-speculative instruments to reduce the operating margin exposure. Also, LATAM will not use financial derivatives to speculate on financial markets and consequently obtain gains from these types of transactions, and will not receive premiums as cash from sold options (nevertheless LATAM could buy and sell options as a structured product).
LATAM periodically reviews its exposure with each counterparty in order to monitor its credit concentration. For more information, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Company—Our operations are subject to fluctuations in the supply and cost of jet fuel, which could adversely impact our business.”
During 2020, 2019 and 2018 we entered into a mix of swaps and option contracts on NYMEX HEATING OIL and JET FUEL 54 USGC with investment grade banks and other financial entities for notional fuel purchases (non-delivery). Details of the fuel hedging program are shown below:
LATAM Fuel Hedging Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 LATAM | 2019 LATAM | 2018 LATAM | ||||||||||
Gallons Purchased (million) | 864.3 | 779.8 | 521.9 | |||||||||
% Total Annual Fuel Consumption | 146.4 | %(*) | 61.5 | % | 40.8 | % | ||||||
Combined Result of Hedges (in million of US$) | (98.3 | ) | (23.1 | ) | 29.7 |
(*) | The percentage shown in the table considers all the hedging instruments (swap and options), which since March are not accounted as hedge accounting. The percentage shown considers the expected consumption after COVID-19. |
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Upon filing of Chapter 11, counterparties terminated all of our hedging contracts. Subsequently, the Company has entered into new fuel hedging contracts in accordance with orders from the Bankruptcy Court.
As of December 31, 2020, the fair value of our outstanding fuel related derivative contracts was estimated to be US$1.3 million (positive).
Gains and losses on the hedging contracts outlined above are recognized as a cost of sales in the income statement when the fuel subject to the hedge is consumed. Premiums paid related to fuel derivative contracts are recorded as prepaid expenses (current assets) and recorded as an expense at the time the contract expires.
As of March 31, the Company has determined that the highly probable expected transactions that made up the hedged item will no longer occur in the amounts formally established, and therefore it has stopped recognizing these contracts under hedge accounting, recognizing a loss of US$50.8 million in the line in Other gains (losses) in the income statement, as a reclassification effect from other reserves from the statement of comprehensive income and a loss of US$30.8 million corresponding to the premiums associated with these contracts.
Under IFRS, the fair value of the hedging derivatives is booked as a non-current asset or liability if the remaining maturity of the item is hedged for more than 12 months, and as a current asset or liability if the remaining term of the item is hedged for less than 12 months. The fair value of the derivative contracts is deferred within an equity reserve account. Please see Note 2.10 to our audited consolidated financial statements. As the current positions do not represent changes in cash flows but a variation in the exposure to the market value, the Company’s current hedge positions have no impact on income; they are booked as cash flow hedge contracts, so a variation in fuel prices has an impact on the Company’s net equity.
The following table shows the sensitivity analysis of our hedging contracts to reasonable changes in fuel prices and their effect on equity. The term used for the projection was December 31, 2021, the last maturity date of our current fuel hedge contracts. The calculations were made considering a parallel movement of US$5 per barrel in the curve of the BRENT and JET crude futures benchmark price at the end of December 2019, 2018
LATAM fuel price sensitivity Position as of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 (effect on income statement) | 2019 (effect on equity) | 2018 (effect on equity) | ||||||||||
(millions of US$ per barrel) | ||||||||||||
HO or JET benchmark price | ||||||||||||
+5 | +0.6 | +15.4 | +7.4 | |||||||||
–5 | -0.6 | -34.5 | -5.5 |
During the periods presented, the Company has not recorded amounts for ineffectiveness in the consolidated income statement pursuant to IFRS principles for recognizing and measuring financial instruments.
Given the fuel hedge structure during the year 2020, which considers a portion free of hedge, a vertical drop of US$5 in the JET reference price (considered as the monthly daily average), would have had an approximate impact of US$160.5 million lower fuel cost. For the same period, a vertical increase of US$5 dollars in the JET reference price (considered as the monthly daily average), would have had an approximate impact of US$135.0 million higher fuel costs.
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Risk of Variation in Foreign Exchange Rates
The functional currency of the LATAM holding company is the U.S. dollar. Since LATAM conducts its business in local currencies in several countries, it faces the risk of variations in multiple foreign currency exchange rates. Depreciation of these currencies against the U.S. dollar could have adverse effects both transactional and translational, because part of our revenues and expenses are denominated in those currencies.
At the same time, LATAM’s affiliates are exposed to foreign exchange risk, which could in turn impact the consolidated results of the Company.
The greatest exposure to future cash flows is mainly presented by the subsidiary LATAM Airlines Brazil and volatility in the R$/US$ exchange rate. LATAM Airlines Brazil’s earnings are generated largely in R$. We actively manage the R$/US$ exchange rate risk by entering into FX derivative contracts and carrying out internal operations for obtaining natural hedging.
In lower concentration, the company also faces foreign exchange risk relating to additional currencies such as: Great Britain Pound, Euro, Chilean Peso, Australian Dollars, Argentinean Peso, Paraguayan Guaraní, Mexican Peso, Peruvian Nuevo Sol, Colombian Peso and New Zealand Dollars. Those currencies could be hedged as long as they turn relevant (higher exposure and volatility) to the LATAM’s market risk management. As of December 31, 2020, LATAM has no current hedge instruments in its portfolio.
Because of changes in the values of existing FX derivative positions do not represent changes in cash flows, but a variation in the exposure of market value, the outstanding hedging positions do not impact results (they are registered as cash flow hedges under IFRS, therefore, a change in the foreign exchange rate has an impact on the equity of the Company).
Balance sheet exposure of LATAM to the Brazilian Real is related to the functional currency of LATAM Airlines Brazil and its balance sheet currency mismatch, as LATAM Airlines Brazil has a net US$ liability position. When the balance sheet denominated in U.S. dollars is translated to Brazilian Real, the financial results of LATAM Airlines Brazil may fluctuate and therefore could impact LATAM’s financial results.
The exposure to the Brazilian real on LATAM Airlines Brazil balance sheet has been reduced from over US$4.0 billion since the combination between LAN and TAM in June 2012 to around US$0.1 billion as of December 31, 2020. The Company continues working to mitigate this exposure through financial and operational mechanisms.
The following table shows the sensitivity of LATAM Airlines Brazil’s financial results to changes in the R$/US$ exchange rate:
LATAM Airlines Brazil exchange rate sensitivity | |||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
LATAM | LATAM | LATAM | |||||||||||
(millions of US$) | |||||||||||||
Appreciation (depreciation) of R$/US$ | |||||||||||||
–10% | -10.9 | +9.5 | +39.8 | ||||||||||
+10% | +10.9 | -9.5 | -39.8 |
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Our foreign currency exchange exposure as of December 31, 2020 was as follows:
LATAM foreign currency exchange exposure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. | % of | Brazilian | % of | Chilean | % of | Other | % of | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | 1,858,094 | 59.1 | % | 919,842 | 29.3 | % | 121,330 | 3.9 | % | 244,272 | 7.8 | % | 3,143,538 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets | 10,885,135 | 87.0 | % | 1,516,856 | 12.1 | % | 34,137 | 0.3 | % | 70,424 | 0.6 | % | 12,506,552 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 12,743,229 | 81.4 | % | 2,436,698 | 15.6 | % | 155,467 | 1.0 | % | 314,696 | 2.0 | % | 15,650,090 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | 4,351,968 | 58.1 | % | 1,584,843 | 21.2 | % | 709,691 | 9.5 | % | 845,386 | 11.3 | % | 7,491,888 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term liabilities | 9,199,766 | 86.8 | % | 686,906 | 6.5 | % | 693,961 | 6.5 | % | 19,954 | 0.2 | % | 10,600,587 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | 13,551,734 | 74.9 | % | 2,271,749 | 12.6 | % | 1,403,652 | 7.8 | % | 865,340 | 4.8 | % | 18,092,475 |
Risk of Fluctuations in Interest Rates
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM had US$7,600 million in outstanding interest-bearing loans. LATAM usually uses interest rate derivatives to reduce the impact of an increase of interest rates, although at this moment, given the Chapter 11 proceedings, LATAM has no derivatives ongoing. Given this situation, 44.6% of LATAM outstanding debt as of December 31, 2020, was effectively at a fixed rate.
LATAM’s interest bearing loans can be classified by: variable interest rate debt and fixed interest rate. LATAM’s variable interest rate debt amounts to US$4,211 million, from which 93.2% is assigned to aircraft financing and 6.8% to non-aircraft financing. The fixed interest rate debt amounts are US$3,390 million of which 28.6% is assigned to aircraft financing and 71.4% to non-aircraft financing.
Under IFRS, the positive fair value of these interest rate swaps is reflected in the balance sheet as hedging assets and the negative fair value of these agreements is reflected as hedging liabilities. As of December 31, 2020, the fair value of all the interest rate swaps was US$0.
As of December 31, 2020, the average interest rate of our outstanding interest-bearing long-term debt rate was 4.89%.
The US$7,600 million in outstanding interest-bearing loans does not include US$375 million of DIP financing provided by Related Parties, which are accounted for under Related Party Transactions (see Note 33 in our Consolidated Financial Statements). When including this amount, the average interest rate of our long-term debt as of December 31, 2020, was 5.44% and the portion of debt at a fixed rate was 42.4%.
The following table summarizes our principal payment obligations on all of our interest-bearing debt as of December 31, 2020, and the related average interest rate for such debt. The average interest rate has been calculated based on the prevailing interest rate on December 31, 2020 for each loan.
LATAM’s principal payment obligations by year of expected maturity(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average interest rate(2) | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 and thereafter | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(millions of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities | 4.89 | % | 2,207 | 2,144 | 402 | 1,022 | 184 | 1,640 | ||||||||||||||||||||
DIP financing provided by Related Parties(3) | - | 390 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 5.44 | % | 2,207 | 2,534 | 402 | 1,022 | 184 | 1,640 |
(1) | At cost. |
(2) | Average interest rate means the average prevailing interest rate on our debt on December 31, 2020 after giving effect to hedging arrangements. |
(3) | Includes capitalized fees and interest. |
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The following table shows the sensitivity of changes in our long-term interest bearing liabilities and capital leases that are not hedged against interest-rate variations. These changes are considered reasonably possible based on current market conditions.
LATAM’s interest rate sensitivity | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
(millions of US$) | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in LIBOR | ||||||||||||
+100 basis points | -42.11 | -27.6 | –29.62 | |||||||||
–100 basis points | +42.11 | +27.6 | +29.62 |
Changes in market conditions produce a change in the valuation of current financial instruments hedging against fluctuations in interest rates, causing an effect on the Company’s equity (because they are booked as cash-flow hedges). These changes are considered reasonably possible based on current market conditions. The calculations were made by increasing (decreasing) 100 basis points of the three-month Libor futures curve.
LATAM’s interest rate sensitivity | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
(millions of US$) | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in three month LIBOR | ||||||||||||
Future rates | ||||||||||||
+100 basis points | +0 | +13.6 | +0.7 | |||||||||
–100 basis points | -0 | -14.7 | –0.7 |
During the periods presented, the Company has not recorded amounts for ineffectiveness in the consolidated income statement pursuant to IFRS.
There are market-related limitations in the method used for the sensitivity analysis. These limitations derive from the fact that the levels indicated by the futures curves may not be necessarily met and may change in each period.
131
ITEM 12. | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
A. Debt Securities
Not applicable.
B. Warrants and Rights
Not applicable.
C. Other Securities
Not applicable.
D. American Depositary Shares
In the United States, our common shares trade in the form of ADS. Since August 2007, each ADS represents one common share, issued by The Bank of New York Mellon, as Depositary pursuant to a Deposit Agreement. ADSs commenced trading on the NYSE in 1997. In October 2011, our Depositary bank changed from The Bank of New York Mellon to JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JP Morgan”).
Fees and Charges for ADR Holders
JP Morgan, as depositary, collects its fees for delivery and surrender of ADSs directly from investors depositing shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal or from intermediaries acting for them. The depositary collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting those fees from the amounts distributed or by selling a portion of the distributable property to pay the fees. The depositary may also collect its annual fee for depositary services by deductions from cash distributions, by directly billing investors or by charging the book-entry system accounts of participants acting for them. The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-attracting services until its fees for those services are paid.
Persons depositing or withdrawing shares must pay: | For: | ||
US$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs) | ● | Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property | |
● | Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates | ||
US$0.05 (or less) per ADS | ● | Any cash distribution to ADS registered holders | |
A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs | ● | Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to ADS registered holders | |
US$0.05 (or less) per ADSs per calendar year | ● | Depositary services | |
Registration or transfer fees | ● | Transfer and registration of shares on the depositary’s share register to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when investors deposit or withdraw shares | |
Expenses of the depositary | ● | Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions | |
● | Conversion of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars | ||
Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian has to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, such as stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes | ● | As necessary | |
Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for servicing the deposited securities | ● | As necessary |
132
Fees and Direct and Indirect Payments Made by the Depositary to the Foreign Issuer
Past Fees and Payments
During 2020, the Company received US$51,930 from the depositary for continuing annual stock exchange listing fees, standard out-of-pocket maintenance costs for the ADRs (consisting of the expenses of postage and envelopes for mailing annual and interim financial reports, printing and distributing dividend checks, electronic filing of U.S. Federal tax information, mailing required tax forms, stationery, postage, facsimile, and telephone calls), payments related to applicable performance indicators relating to the ADR facility, underwriting fees and legal fees.
Future Fees and Payments
JP Morgan, as the depositary bank, has agreed to reimburse the Company for certain of our reasonable expenses related to our ADS program and incurred by us in connection with the program. The reimbursements include direct payments (legal and accounting fees incurred in connection with preparation of Form 20-F and ongoing SEC compliance and listing requirements, listing fees, investor relations expenses, advertising and public relations expenses and fees payable to service providers for the distribution of hard copy materials to beneficial ADR holders in the Depositary Trust Company, such as information related to shareholders’ meetings and related voting instruction cards); and indirect payments (third-party expenses paid directly and fees waived).
133
ITEM 13. | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES |
None.
ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None.
ITEM 15. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon such evaluation, management, with the participation of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures, as of December 31, 2020, were effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The management of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, as amended.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. LATAM Airlines Group S.A.’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 based on the criteria established in Internal Control - “Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and, based on such criteria, LATAM Airlines Group S.A.’s management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2020, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective. The company’s internal control over financial reporting effectiveness as of December 31, 2020 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Consultores Auditores SpA, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein.
(c) Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm. See page F-2 of our audited consolidated financial statements.
(d) Changes in internal controls over financial reporting. There have been no changes that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the company’s internal control over financial reporting.
134
ITEM 16. | RESERVED |
ITEM 16 A. | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT |
Our board of directors has designated on June 11, 2019 Nicolás Eblen Hirmas as an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of this Item 16. A. Mr. Eblen is independent within the meaning of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—A. Directors and Senior Management.”
ITEM 16 B. | CODE OF ETHICS |
We have adopted a code of ethics and conduct, as defined in Item 16B of Form 20-F under the Exchange Act. Our code of ethics applies to our senior management, including our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and our Chief Accounting Officer, as well as to other employees. Our code is freely available online at our website, www.latamairlinesgroup.net, under the heading “Corporate Governance” on the Investor Relations page. In addition, upon written request, by regular mail, to the following address: LATAM Airlines Group S.A., Investor Relations Department, attention: Investor Relations, Av. Presidente Riesco 5711, 20th Floor, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile, or by e-mail at InvestorRelations@latam.com we will provide any person with a copy of it without charge. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our senior management or to other persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website.
ITEM 16 C. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES |
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
The following table sets forth the fees paid to our independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
USD (in thousands) | ||||||||
Audit fees | 1,308 | 1,821 | ||||||
Audit-related fees | 14 | 11 | ||||||
Tax fees | - | - | ||||||
All Other fees | - | 30 | ||||||
Total fees | 1,322 | 1,862 |
Audit-related fees in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements or that are traditionally performed by the external auditor, including due diligence and other audit related services.
Other fees in the table above are fees billed by PricewaterhouseCoopers as of December 31, 2019 related to the Benchmark Study on Internal Audit departments and attestation services related with revenues in Argentina.
Board of Directors’ Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
Since January 2004, LATAM has complied with SEC regulations regarding the type of additional services our independent auditors are authorized to offer to us. In addition, our board of directors’ Committee (which serves as our Audit Committee) has decided to automatically authorize any such accepted services, individually or jointly considered during one calendar year, for an amount of up to 20% of the fees charged by the auditing firm. If the amount of any services, individually or jointly considered during one calendar year, is larger than these threshold, approval by the board of directors’ Committee will be required.
135
ITEM 16 D. | EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES |
None.
ITEM 16 E. | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS |
None.
ITEM 16 F. | CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT |
None.
ITEM 16 G. | CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 16 H. | Mine Safety Disclosure |
Not applicable.
ITEM 17. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
See “Item 18. Financial Statements.”
ITEM 18. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
See our consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1.
136
ITEM 19. | EXHIBITS |
Documents filed as exhibits to this annual report
137
138
139
140
141
142
* | Filed herewith |
143
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2020
CONTENTS
CLP | - | CHILEAN PESO |
ARS | - | ARGENTINE PESO |
US$ | - | united states dollar |
THUS$ | - | THOUSANDS OF UNITED STATES DOLLARS |
mUS$ | - | millions of united states dollars |
COP | - | COLOMBIAN PESO |
brl/R$ | - | braZILIAN REAL |
thr$ | - | Thousands of Brazilian reaL |
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Latam Airlines Group S.A.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of financial position of Latam Airlines Group S.A. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income by function, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows–direct method for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December, 31, 2020 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Substantial Doubt About the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, Latam Airlines Group S.A. and certain of its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Uncertainties inherent in the bankruptcy process raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 15. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
F-2
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets with Indefinite Useful Life (airport slots and loyalty program) Impairment Assessment
As described in Notes 2.8, 4(a), 15 and 16 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated intangible assets with indefinite useful life (airport slots and loyalty program) balance at December 31, 2020 was US$832 million. Management conducts an impairment assessment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. In the first quarter of 2020, the Company concluded that due to the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, a triggering event existed for the Company’s Air Transport cash generating unit containing a goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life (airport slots and loyalty program) balances as of March 30, 2020. The first quarter goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life (airport slots and loyalty program) impairment test resulted in a goodwill impairment charge of $1,729 million. The recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell. The value in use is determined by management using a discounted cash flow model. Management’s cash flow projections included significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates, exchange rates, discount rate, inflation rates and fuel price.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life (airport slots and loyalty program) impairment assessment is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the value-in-use calculation; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to revenue growth rates, exchange rates, discount rate, inflation rates and fuel price; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life (airport slots and loyalty program) impairment assessment, including controls over the valuation of the Company’s cash generating unit. These procedures also included, among others, (i) testing management´s process for developing the estimate; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow model; (iii) testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the model; (iv) and evaluating the significant assumptions used by management related to the revenue growth rates, exchange rates, discount rate, inflation rates and fuel price. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to revenue growth rates, exchange rates, discount rate, inflation rates and fuel price involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the cash generating unit, (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data, and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s discounted cash flow model and significant assumptions, including the discount rate.
Valuation of Loyalty Programs Breakage
As described in Notes 2.20, 4(e) and 22 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has recorded deferred income of US$2,739 million as of December 31, 2020, of which US$1,553 million was related to deferred income associated with the loyalty programs. The deferred income of loyalty programs is determined based on the estimated stand-alone selling price of unused miles and points awarded to the members of the loyalty programs reduced for breakage. Management used statistical models to estimate the breakage which involved significant judgments and assumptions relating to the historical redemption and expiration activity and forecasted redemption and expiration patterns.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of loyalty programs breakage is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management to develop the breakage estimate; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures to evaluate the underlying assumptions used by the Company to estimate the historical redemption and expiration activity and forecasted redemption and expiration patterns; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing these procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s accounting for its loyalty programs, including controls over management’s review of the statistical models and resulting breakage estimates. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the breakage estimate; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the statistical models; and (iii) testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of underlying data used in the models. Evaluating management’s assumptions used to develop the breakage estimate involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the available information regarding the miles and points redemption and expiration patterns, (ii) management’s actions to incentive holders of the loyalty programs to redeem their miles and points, and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were also used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s methodology and assumptions used to develop the breakage estimate.
/s/ Pricewaterhouse Coopers | |
Pricewaterhouse Coopers Consultores | |
Auditores SpA |
Santiago – Chile
March 9, 2021
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1991.
F-3
Contents of the Notes to the consolidated financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries.
Notes
F-4
17 | - | Property, plant and equipment | F-82 |
18 | - | Current and deferred tax | F-88 |
19 | - | Other financial liabilities | F-92 |
20 | - | Trade and other accounts payables | F-102 |
21 | - | Other provisions | F-104 |
22 | - | Other non financial liabilities | F-107 |
23 | - | Employee benefits | F-108 |
24 | - | Accounts payable, non-current | F-110 |
25 | - | Equity | F-110 |
26 | - | Revenue | F-115 |
27 | - | Costs and expenses by nature | F-115 |
28 | - | Other income, by function | F-117 |
29 | - | Foreign currency and exchange rate differences | F-118 |
30 | - | Earnings/(loss) per share | F-126 |
31 | - | Contingencies | F-127 |
32 | - | Commitments | F-142 |
33 | - | Transactions with related parties | F-144 |
34 | - | Share based payments | F-145 |
35 | - | Statement of cash flows | F-146 |
36 | - | The environment | F-148 |
37 | - | Events subsequent to the date of the financial statements | F-150 |
38 | - | Parent Company Financial Information | F-150 |
F-5
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
ASSETS
As of | As of | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||
Note | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 6 - 7 | 1,695,841 | 1,072,579 | |||||||
Other financial assets | 7 - 11 | 50,250 | 499,504 | |||||||
Other non-financial assets | 12 | 155,892 | 313,449 | |||||||
Trade and other accounts receivable | 7 - 8 | 599,381 | 1,244,348 | |||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities | 7 - 9 | 158 | 19,645 | |||||||
Inventories | 10 | 323,574 | 354,232 | |||||||
Current tax assets | 18 | 42,320 | 29,321 | |||||||
Total current assets other than non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners | 2,867,416 | 3,533,078 | ||||||||
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners | 13 | 276,122 | 485,150 | |||||||
Total current assets | 3,143,538 | 4,018,228 | ||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||
Other financial assets | 7 - 11 | 33,140 | 46,907 | |||||||
Other non-financial assets | 12 | 126,782 | 204,928 | |||||||
Accounts receivable | 7 - 8 | 4,986 | 4,725 | |||||||
Intangible assets other than goodwill | 15 - 16 | 1,046,559 | 1,448,241 | |||||||
Goodwill | 16 | - | 2,209,576 | |||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 17 | 10,730,269 | 12,919,618 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets | 18 | 564,816 | 235,583 | |||||||
Total non-current assets | 12,506,552 | 17,069,578 | ||||||||
Total assets | 15,650,090 | 21,087,806 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
As of | As of | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||
LIABILITIES | Note | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 7 - 19 | 3,055,730 | 1,885,660 | |||||||
Trade and other accounts payables | 7 - 20 | 2,322,125 | 2,222,874 | |||||||
Accounts payable to related entities | 7 - 9 | 812 | 56 | |||||||
Other provisions | 21 | 23,774 | 5,206 | |||||||
Current tax liabilities | 18 | 656 | 11,925 | |||||||
Other non-financial liabilities | 22 | 2,088,791 | 2,835,221 | |||||||
Total current liabilities other than non-current liabilities (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale | 7,491,888 | 6,960,942 | ||||||||
Total current liabilities | 7,491,888 | 6,960,942 | ||||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 7 - 19 | 7,803,801 | 8,530,418 | |||||||
Accounts payable | 7 - 24 | 651,600 | 619,110 | |||||||
Accounts payable to related entities | 7 - 9 | 396,423 | - | |||||||
Other provisions | 21 | 588,359 | 286,403 | |||||||
Deferred tax liabilities | 18 | 384,280 | 616,803 | |||||||
Employee benefits | 23 | 74,116 | 93,570 | |||||||
Other non-financial liabilities | 22 | 702,008 | 851,383 | |||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 10,600,587 | 10,997,687 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 18,092,475 | 17,958,629 | ||||||||
EQUITY | ||||||||||
Share capital | 25 | 3,146,265 | 3,146,265 | |||||||
Retained earnings/(losses) | 25 | (4,193,615 | ) | 352,272 | ||||||
Treasury Shares | 25 | (178 | ) | (178 | ) | |||||
Other reserves | (1,388,185 | ) | (367,577 | ) | ||||||
Parent’s ownership interest | (2,435,713 | ) | 3,130,782 | |||||||
Non-controlling interest | 14 | (6,672 | ) | (1,605 | ) | |||||
Total equity | (2,442,385 | ) | 3,129,177 | |||||||
Total liabilities and equity | 15,650,090 | 21,087,806 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME BY FUNCTION
For the year ended | ||||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||||
Note | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
Revenue | 26 | 3,923,667 | 10,070,063 | 9,895,456 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales | 27 | (4,513,228 | ) | (7,951,269 | ) | (7,773,432 | ) | |||||||
Gross margin | (589,561 | ) | 2,118,794 | 2,122,024 | ||||||||||
Other income | 28 | 411,002 | 360,864 | 472,758 | ||||||||||
Distribution costs | 27 | (294,278 | ) | (580,046 | ) | (615,214 | ) | |||||||
Administrative expenses | 27 | (499,512 | ) | (735,218 | ) | (736,333 | ) | |||||||
Other expenses | 27 | (692,939 | ) | (422,792 | ) | (356,250 | ) | |||||||
Restructuring activities expenses | 27 | (990,009 | ) | - | - | |||||||||
Other gains/(losses) | 27 | (1,874,789 | ) | 11,525 | 53,499 | |||||||||
Income from operation activities | (4,530,086 | ) | 753,127 | 940,484 | ||||||||||
Financial income | 50,397 | 26,283 | 53,253 | |||||||||||
Financial costs | 27 | (586,979 | ) | (589,934 | ) | (539,137 | ) | |||||||
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) | 29 | (48,403 | ) | (32,571 | ) | (38,070 | ) | |||||||
Result of indexation units | 9,348 | (14,989 | ) | (865 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) before taxes | (5,105,723 | ) | 141,916 | 415,665 | ||||||||||
Income tax expense / benefit | 18 | 550,188 | 53,697 | (73,879 | ) | |||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) FOR THE YEAR | (4,555,535 | ) | 195,613 | 341,786 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) attributable to owners of the parent | (4,545,887 | ) | 190,430 | 309,811 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest | 14 | (9,648 | ) | 5,183 | 31,975 | |||||||||
Net income (loss) for the year | (4,555,535 | ) | 195,613 | 341,786 | ||||||||||
EARNINGS PER SHARE | ||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (losses) per share (US$) | 30 | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings (losses) per share (US$) | 30 | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-8
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
Note | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME | (4,555,535 | ) | 195,613 | 341,786 | ||||||||||
Components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to income before taxes | ||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, before taxes, gains by new measurements on defined benefit plans | 25 | (3,968 | ) | (10,636 | ) | (5,819 | ) | |||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss) that will not be reclassified to income before taxes | (3,968 | ) | (10,636 | ) | (5,819 | ) | ||||||||
Components of other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to income before taxes | ||||||||||||||
Currency translation differences | ||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on currency translation, before tax | 29 | (894,394 | ) | (243,271 | ) | (743,516 | ) | |||||||
Other comprehensive loss, before taxes, currency translation differences | (894,394 | ) | (243,271 | ) | (743,516 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flow hedges | ||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges before taxes | 19 | (119,970 | ) | 66,856 | (27,797 | ) | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income (losses), before taxes, cash flow hedges | (119,970 | ) | 66,856 | (27,797 | ) | |||||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss) that will be reclassified to income before taxes | (1,014,364 | ) | (176,415 | ) | (771,313 | ) | ||||||||
Other components of other comprehensive income (loss), before taxes | (1,018,332 | ) | (187,051 | ) | (777,132 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax relating to other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to income | ||||||||||||||
Income tax relating to new measurements on defined benefit plans | 18 | 924 | 2,873 | 1,566 | ||||||||||
Accumulate income tax relating to other comprehensive income (loss) that will not be reclassified to income | 924 | 2,873 | 1,566 | |||||||||||
Income tax relating to other comprehensive income (loss) that will be reclassified to income | ||||||||||||||
Income tax related to cash flow hedges in other comprehensive income (loss) | 959 | 414 | (269 | ) | ||||||||||
Income taxes related to components of other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to income | 959 | 414 | (269 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Other comprehensive (loss) | (1,016,449 | ) | (183,764 | ) | (775,835 | ) | ||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | (5,571,984 | ) | 11,849 | (434,049 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to owners of the parent | (5,566,991 | ) | 15,250 | (452,844 | ) | |||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests | (4,993 | ) | (3,401 | ) | 18,795 | |||||||||
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | (5,571,984 | ) | 11,849 | (434,049 | ) |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
F-9
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Attributable to owners of the parent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other reserves | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Share capital | Treasury shares | Currency translation reserve | Cash flow hedging reserve | Actuarial gains or losses on defined benefit plans reserve | Shares based payments reserve | Other sundry reserve | Total other reserve | Retained earnings/ (losses) | Parent’s ownership interest | Non- controlling interest | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity as of January 1, 2020 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (2,890,287 | ) | 56,892 | (22,940 | ) | 36,289 | 2,452,469 | (367,577 | ) | 352,272 | 3,130,782 | (1,605 | ) | 3,129,177 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total increase (decrease) in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income/(loss) for the period | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (4,545,887 | ) | (4,545,887 | ) | (9,648 | ) | (4,555,535 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | - | - | (900,226 | ) | (117,833 | ) | (3,045 | ) | - | - | (1,021,104 | ) | - | (1,021,104 | ) | 4,655 | (1,016,449 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | - | - | (900,226 | ) | (117,833 | ) | (3,045 | ) | - | - | (1,021,104 | ) | (4,545,887 | ) | (5,566,991 | ) | (4,993 | ) | (5,571,984 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) through transfers and other changes, equity | 25-34 | - | - | - | - | - | 946 | (450 | ) | 496 | - | 496 | (74 | ) | 422 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total transactions with shareholder | - | - | - | - | - | 946 | (450 | ) | 496 | - | 496 | (74 | ) | 422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (3,790,513 | ) | (60,941 | ) | (25,985 | ) | 37,235 | 2,452,019 | (1,388,185 | ) | (4,193,615 | ) | (2,435,713 | ) | (6,672 | ) | (2,442,385 | ) |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-10
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Attributable to owners of the parent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other reserves | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Share capital | Treasury shares | Currency translation reserve | Cash flow hedging reserve | Actuarial gains or losses on defined benefit plans reserve | Shares based payments reserve | Other sundry reserve | Total other reserve | Retained earnings | Parent’s ownership interest | Non- controlling interest | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity as of January 1, 2019 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (2,656,644 | ) | (9,333 | ) | (15,178 | ) | 37,874 | 2,638,916 | (4,365 | ) | 218,971 | 3,360,693 | 79,908 | 3,440,601 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total increase (decrease) in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income for the year | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 190,430 | 190,430 | 5,183 | 195,613 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | - | - | (233,643 | ) | 66,225 | (7,762 | ) | - | - | (175,180 | ) | - | (175,180 | ) | (8,584 | ) | (183,764 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | - | - | (233,643 | ) | 66,225 | (7,762 | ) | - | - | (175,180 | ) | 190,430 | 15,250 | (3,401 | ) | 11,849 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (57,129 | ) | (57,129 | ) | - | (57,129 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) through transfers and other changes, equity | 25-34 | - | - | - | - | - | (1,585 | ) | (186,447 | ) | (188,032 | ) | - | (188,032 | ) | (78,112 | ) | (266,144 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total transactions with shareholders | - | - | - | - | - | (1,585 | ) | (186,447 | ) | (188,032 | ) | (57,129 | ) | (245,161 | ) | (78,112 | ) | (323,273 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (2,890,287 | ) | 56,892 | (22,940 | ) | 36,289 | 2,452,469 | (367,577 | ) | 352,272 | 3,130,782 | (1,605 | ) | 3,129,177 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-11
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Attributable to owners of the parent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other reserves | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Share capital | Treasury shares | Currency translation reserve | Cash flow hedging reserve | Actuarial gains or losses on defined benefit plans reserve | Shares based payments reserve | Other sundry reserve | Total other reserve | Retained earnings | Parent’s ownership interest | Non- controlling interest | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity as of January 1, 2018 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (1,925,714 | ) | 18,140 | (10,926 | ) | 39,481 | 2,639,780 | 760,761 | (31,464 | ) | 3,875,384 | 90,457 | 3,965,841 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) by application of new accounting standards | 2 - 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (9,548 | ) | (9,548 | ) | - | (9,548 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial balance | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (1,925,714 | ) | 18,140 | (10,926 | ) | 39,481 | 2,639,780 | 760,761 | (41,012 | ) | 3,865,836 | 90,457 | 3,956,293 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total increase (decrease) in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income for the year | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 309,811 | 309,811 | 31,975 | 341,786 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | - | - | (730,930 | ) | (27,473 | ) | (4,252 | ) | - | - | (762,655 | ) | - | (762,655 | ) | (13,180 | ) | (775,835 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | - | - | (730,930 | ) | (27,473 | ) | (4,252 | ) | - | - | (762,655 | ) | 309,811 | (452,844 | ) | 18,795 | (434,049 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (54,580 | ) | (54,580 | ) | - | (54,580 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) through transfers and other changes, equity | 25-34 | - | - | - | - | - | (1,607 | ) | (864 | ) | (2,471 | ) | 4,752 | 2,281 | (29,344 | ) | (27,063 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total transactions with shareholders | - | - | - | - | - | (1,607 | ) | (864 | ) | (2,471 | ) | (49,828 | ) | (52,299 | ) | (29,344 | ) | (81,643 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 3,146,265 | (178 | ) | (2,656,644 | ) | (9,333 | ) | (15,178 | ) | 37,874 | 2,638,916 | (4,365 | ) | 218,971 | 3,360,693 | 79,908 | 3,440,601 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-12
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS - DIRECT METHOD
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
Note | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||
Cash collection from operating activities | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sales of goods and services | 4,620,409 | 11,079,333 | 10,787,804 | |||||||||||
Other cash receipts from operating activities | 51,900 | 127,683 | 95,099 | |||||||||||
Payments for operating activities | ||||||||||||||
Payments to suppliers for goods and services | (3,817,339 | ) | (6,663,875 | ) | (6,775,003 | ) | ||||||||
Payments to and on behalf of employees | (1,227,010 | ) | (1,644,806 | ) | (1,789,022 | ) | ||||||||
Other payments for operating activities | (70,558 | ) | (267,643 | ) | (255,988 | ) | ||||||||
Income taxes (paid) | (65,692 | ) | (45,311 | ) | (29,186 | ) | ||||||||
Other cash inflows (outflows) | 35 | 13,593 | 241,286 | 39,612 | ||||||||||
Net cash (outflow) inflow from operating activities | (494,697 | ) | 2,826,667 | 2,073,316 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||||||||
Cash flows from losses of control of subsidiaries or other businesses | - | - | 69,724 | |||||||||||
Other cash receipts from sales of equity or debt instruments of other entities | 1,464,012 | 4,063,582 | 3,640,208 | |||||||||||
Other payments to acquire equity or debt instruments of other entities | (1,140,940 | ) | (4,131,890 | ) | (3,542,839 | ) | ||||||||
Amounts raised from sale of property, plant and equipment | 75,566 | 50,322 | 223,753 | |||||||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (324,264 | ) | (1,276,621 | ) | (660,707 | ) | ||||||||
Purchases of intangible assets | (75,433 | ) | (140,173 | ) | (96,206 | ) | ||||||||
Interest received | 36,859 | 17,822 | 10,175 | |||||||||||
Other cash inflows (outflows) | 35 | (2,192 | ) | (2,249 | ) | (2,476 | ) | |||||||
Net cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities | 33,608 | (1,419,207 | ) | (358,368 | ) | |||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities | 35 | |||||||||||||
Payments for changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in loss of control | (3,225 | ) | (294,105 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Amounts raised from long-term loans | 1,425,184 | 1,781,728 | 779,062 | |||||||||||
Amounts raised from short-term loans | 560,296 | 93,000 | 293,000 | |||||||||||
Loans from Related Entities | 373,125 | - | - | |||||||||||
Loans repayments | (793,712 | ) | (1,860,455 | ) | (1,738,348 | ) | ||||||||
Payments of lease liabilities | (122,062 | ) | (398,992 | ) | (373,439 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid | (571 | ) | (55,116 | ) | (72,620 | ) | ||||||||
Interest paid | (210,418 | ) | (550,877 | ) | (540,303 | ) | ||||||||
Other cash inflows (outflows) | 35 | (107,788 | ) | (58,704 | ) | 44,053 | ||||||||
Net cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities | 1,120,829 | (1,343,521 | ) | (1,608,597 | ) | |||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents before effect of exchanges rate change | 659,740 | 63,939 | 106,351 | |||||||||||
Effects of variation in the exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents | (36,478 | ) | (73,002 | ) | (166,713 | ) | ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 623,262 | (9,063 | ) | (60,362 | ) | |||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF YEAR | 6 | 1,072,579 | 1,081,642 | 1,142,004 | ||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF YEAR | 6 | 1,695,841 | 1,072,579 | 1,081,642 |
The accompanying Notes 1 to 38 form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-13
LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020 AND 2019
LATAM Airlines Group S.A. (the “Company”) is an open stock company registered with the Commission for the Financial Market under No. 306, whose shares are listed in Chile on the Electronic Stock Exchange of Chile - Stock Exchange and the Santiago Stock Exchange. After Chapter 11 filing, the ADR program is no longer trading on NYSE. Since then Latam’s ADR are trading in the United States of America on the OTC (Over-The-Counter) markets.
Its main business is the air transport of passengers and cargo, both in the domestic markets of Chile, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil, as well as in a series of regional and international routes in America, Europe and Oceania. These businesses are developed directly or by its subsidiaries in Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Argentine and Paraguay. In addition, the Company has subsidiaries that operate in the cargo business in Chile, Brazil and Colombia.
The Company is located in Chile, in the city of Santiago, on Avenida Américo Vespucio Sur No. 901, Renca commune.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s statutory capital is represented by 604,407,693 ordinary shares without nominal value. All shares are subscribed and paid considering the capital reduction that occurred in full, after the legal period of three years to subscribe the balance of 466.382 outstanding shares, of the last capital increase approved in August of the year 2016.
The major shareholders of the Company are Delta Air Lines who owns 20% of the shares and the Cueto Group, which through the companies Costa Verde Aeronáutica S.A., Costa Verde Aeronáutica SpA, and Inv. Costa Verde Ltda y Cia at CPA., owns 16.39% of the shares issued by the Company.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a total of 4,131 shareholders in its registry. At that date, approximately 8.75% of the Company’s property was in the form of ADRs.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company had an average of 35,717 employees, ending this year with a total number of 29,115 people, distributed in 4,477 Administration employees, 15,664 in Operations, 5,918 Cabin Crew and 3,056 Command crew.
F-14
The main subsidiaries included in these consolidated financial statements are as follows:
a) Participation rate
Country | Functional | As December 31, 2020 | As December 31, 2019 | As December 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Company | of origin | Currency | Direct | Indirect | Total | Direct | Indirect | Total | Direct | Indirect | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
% | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.518.860-6 | Latam Travel Chile S.A. and Subsidiary | Chile | US$ | - | - | - | - | - | - | 99.9900 | 0.0100 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.969.680-0 | Lan Pax Group S.A. and Subsidiaries | Chile | US$ | 99.8361 | 0.1639 | 100.0000 | 99.8361 | 0.1639 | 100.0000 | 99.8361 | 0.1639 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | Peru | US$ | 23.6200 | 76.1900 | 99.8100 | 49.0000 | 21.0000 | 70.0000 | 49.0000 | 21.0000 | 70.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93.383.000-4 | Lan Cargo S.A. | Chile | US$ | 99.8940 | 0.0041 | 99.8981 | 99.8940 | 0.0041 | 99.8981 | 99.8940 | 0.0041 | 99.8981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Connecta Corporation | U.S.A. | US$ | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Prime Airport Services Inc. and Subsidiary | U.S.A. | US$ | 99.9714 | 0.0286 | 100.0000 | 99.9714 | 0.0286 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.951.280-7 | Transporte Aéreo S.A. | Chile | US$ | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 99.9999 | 0.0001 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.631.520-2 | Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A. | Chile | CLP | 99.8900 | 0.1100 | 100.0000 | 99.8900 | 0.1100 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Laser Cargo S.R.L. | Argentina | ARS | 96.2208 | 3.2208 | 99.4416 | 96.2208 | 3.7792 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Lan Cargo Overseas Limited and Subsidiaries | Bahamas | US$ | 99.9800 | 0.0200 | 100.0000 | 99.9800 | 0.0200 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.969.690-8 | Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A. and Subsidiary | Chile | US$ | 99.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.0000 | 99.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.575.810-0 | Inversiones Lan S.A. and Subsidiaries | Chile | US$ | 99.7100 | 0.2900 | 100.0000 | 99.7100 | 0.2900 | 100.0000 | 99.7100 | 0.2900 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.847.880-K | Technical Trainning LATAM S.A. | Chile | CLP | 99.8300 | 0.1700 | 100.0000 | 99.8300 | 0.1700 | 100.0000 | 99.8300 | 0.1700 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Latam Finance Limited | Cayman Island | US$ | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Peuco Finance Limited | Cayman Island | US$ | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Profesional Airline Services INC. | U.S.A. | US$ | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 | 0.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Jarletul S.A. | Uruguay | US$ | 99.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.0000 | 99.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.0000 | 99.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.0000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries (*) | Brazil | BRL | 63.0901 | 36.9099 | 100.0000 | 63.0901 | 36.9099 | 100.0000 | 63.0901 | 36.9099 | 100.0000 |
(*) | As of December 31, 2020, the indirect participation percentage on TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries is from Holdco I S.A., a company over which LATAM Airlines Group S.A. it has a 99.9983% share on economic rights and 51.04% of political rights. Its percentage arise as a result of the provisional measure No. 863 of the Brazilian government implemented in December 2018 that allows foreign capital to have up to 100% of the property. |
F-15
b) Financial Information
Statement of financial position | Net Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, For the year ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2018 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Company | Assets | Liabilities | Equity | Assets | Liabilities | Equity | Assets | Liabilities | Equity | Gain /(loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.518.860-6 | Latam Travel Chile S.A. and Subsidiary | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10,841 | 3,909 | 6,932 | - | - | 2,385 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.969.680-0 | Lan Pax Group S.A. and Subsidiaries (*) | 404,944 | 1,624,944 | (1,219,539 | ) | 632,673 | 1,487,248 | (853,624 | ) | 526,017 | 1,281,800 | (751,960 | ) | (290,980 | ) | (26,551 | ) | (48,061 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | 661,721 | 486,098 | 175,623 | 519,363 | 510,672 | 8,691 | 419,325 | 409,221 | 10,104 | (175,485 | ) | (3,550 | ) | 5,416 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93.383.000-4 | Lan Cargo S.A. | 749,789 | 567,128 | 182,661 | 634,852 | 462,666 | 172,186 | 513,367 | 336,715 | 176,652 | 10,936 | (4,157 | ) | (34,322 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Connecta Corporation | 57,922 | 17,335 | 40,587 | 64,110 | 24,023 | 40,087 | 66,593 | 28,183 | 38,410 | 500 | 1,677 | 16,923 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Prime Airport Services Inc. and Subsidiary (*) | 25,050 | 26,265 | (1,215 | ) | 22,068 | 23,102 | (1,034 | ) | 15,817 | 17,654 | (1,837 | ) | (181 | ) | 802 | 1,225 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.951.280-7 | Transporte Aéreo S.A. | 546,216 | 347,714 | 198,502 | 359,335 | 142,423 | 216,912 | 331,496 | 129,233 | 202,263 | (39,032 | ) | 14,610 | (17,609 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.631.520-2 | Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A. | 20,132 | 11,576 | 8,556 | 20,182 | 12,601 | 7,581 | 17,057 | 9,614 | 7,443 | 500 | 796 | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Laser Cargo S.R.L. | (6 | ) | - | (6 | ) | (10 | ) | - | (10 | ) | 26 | 13 | 13 | - | - | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Lan Cargo Overseas Limited and Subsidiaries (*) | 218,435 | 14,355 | 203,829 | 48,929 | 15,228 | 33,450 | 53,326 | 13,040 | 40,028 | (92,623 | ) | (6,579 | ) | 19,121 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.969.690-8 | Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A. and Subsidiary (*) | 250,027 | 86,691 | 130,823 | 65,422 | 78,890 | (12,111 | ) | 181,522 | 192,059 | (9,614 | ) | 1,452 | (2,497 | ) | 497 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.575.810-0 | Inversiones Lan S.A. and Subsidiaries (*) | 1,394 | 65 | 1,329 | 1,329 | 50 | 1,279 | 1,383 | 50 | 1,333 | 50 | (54 | ) | (4,774 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96.847.880-K | Technical Trainning LATAM S.A. | 2,181 | 625 | 1,556 | 2,378 | 1,075 | 1,303 | 2,879 | 1,031 | 1,848 | 60 | (282 | ) | 884 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Latam Finance Limited | 1,310,735 | 1,584,311 | (273,576 | ) | 1,362,762 | 1,531,238 | (168,476 | ) | 679,034 | 756,774 | (77,740 | ) | (105,100 | ) | (90,736 | ) | (47,723 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Peuco Finance Limited | 1,307,721 | 1,307,721 | - | 664,458 | 664,458 | - | 608,191 | 608,191 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Profesional Airline Services INC. | 17,345 | 14,772 | 2,573 | 3,509 | 1,950 | 1,559 | 2,430 | 1,967 | 463 | 1,014 | 1,096 | 197 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Jarletul S.A. | 34 | 1,076 | (1,042 | ) | 150 | 860 | (710 | ) | 18 | 125 | (107 | ) | (332 | ) | (603 | ) | (107 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries (*) | 3,110,055 | 3,004,935 | 105,120 | 5,090,180 | 3,550,875 | 1,539,305 | 4,420,546 | 3,256,017 | 1,164,529 | (1,025,814 | ) | 186,140 | 389,072 |
(*) The Equity reported corresponds to Equity attributable to owners of the parent, it does not include Non-controlling interest.
F-16
In addition, special purpose entities have been consolidated: 1. Chercán Leasing Limited, intended to finance advance payments of aircraft; 2. Guanay Finance Limited, intended for the issue of a securitized bond with future credit card payments; 3. Private investment funds; 4. Dia Patagonia Limited, Alma Leasing C.O. Limited, FC Initial Leasing Limited, Vari Leasing Limited, Dia Iguazu Limited, Condor Leasing C.O. Limited, FI Timothy Leasing Limited, Yamasa Sangyo Aircraft LA1 Kumiai, Yamasa Sangyo Aircraft LA2 Kumiai, LS-Aviation No.17 Co. Limited, LS-Aviation No.18 Co. Limited, LS-Aviation No.19 C.O. Limited, LS-Aviation No.20 C.O. Limited, LS-Aviation No.21 C.O. Limited, LS-Aviation No.22 C.O. Limited, LS-Aviation No.23 Co. Limited, and LS-Aviation No.24 Co. Limited, requirements for financing aircraft. These companies have been consolidated as required by IFRS 10.
All entities over which Latam has control have been included in the consolidation. The Company has analyzed the control criteria in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 10. For those subsidiaries that filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 (See note 2 to the consolidated financial statements), although in this reorganization process in certain cases decisions are subject to authorization by the Court, considering that the Company and various subsidiaries filed for bankruptcy before the same Court, and before the same judge, the Court generally views the consolidated entity as a single group and management considers that the Company continues to maintain control over its subsidiaries and therefore have considered appropriate to continue to consolidate these subsidiaries.
Changes occurred in the consolidation perimeter between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020, are detailed below:
(1) | Incorporation or acquisition of companies |
- | On December 22, 2020, Línea Aérea Carguera de Colombia S.A. carries out a capital increase for 1,861,785 shares, consequently, its shareholding composition is as follows: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. with 4.57%, Fast Air S.A. with 1.53%, Inversiones Lan S.A. with 1.53%, Lan Pax Group S.A. with 1.53% and Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A. 81.31%. |
- | On December 22, 2020, Inversiones Aéreas S.A. carries out a capital increase for 9,504,335 shares, consequently its shareholding composition as follows: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. with 33.41%, Línea Aérea Carguera de Colombia S.A. with 66.43% and Mas Investment Limited with 0.16%. |
- | On December 22, 2020, Latam Airlines Perú S.A. carries out a capital increase for 12,312,020 shares, consequently its shareholding composition as follows: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. with 23.62% and Inversiones Aéreas S.A. with 76.19%. |
- | On December 16, 2020, Lan Pax Group S.A. carries out capital increase for 23,678 shares. However, the shareholding composition has not changed. |
- | On December 18, 2020, Latam Ecuador S.A. carries out a capital increase for 30,000,000 shares. However, the shareholding composition is not modified. |
- | On March 23, 2020, Transporte Aéreo S.A. carries out a capital increase for 109,662 shares which were acquired by Mas Investment Limited, consequently, the shareholding of Transporte Aéreo S.A. is as follows: Lan Cargo S.A. with 87.12567%, Inversiones Lan S.A. with 0.00012% and Mas Investment Limited with 12.87421%. |
F-17
- | In April 2019, TAM Linhas Aereas S.A, through a public offering of shares, acquired 27.26% of the shares of Multiplus S.A., owned by minority shareholders. Subsequently, the Company TAM S.A assigned 72,74% of its stake in Multiplus S.A., through a capital increase, to TAM Linhas Aerea S.A.; Because of 100% of the shares remain under the control of TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. a merge with Multiplus S.A. was materialized, leaving Multiplus S.A. from being an independent company on May 31, 2019. As result of the merger by incorporation, the Coalition and Loyalty Program of Multiplus S.A. which was identified as an independent Cash Generating Unit (CGU), and which also represented an operating segment, becomes part, as well as, the other loyalty programs of the group (LATAM Pass and LATAM Fidelidade), of the CGU Air Transport. Additionally, from that moment LATAM has a single operating segment within the Group. |
The value of the acquisition of this transaction was ThUS $ 294,105.
- | By public deed dated November 20, 2019 LATAM Airlines Group S.A. acquires 100% of the shares of LATAM Travel Chile S.A. |
Under the provisions of No. 2 of Art. 103 of Law No. 18,046 on Corporations, for having collected all the shares held by a single shareholder and for having elapsed the period of 10 days without having amended said situation, the company LATAM Travel Chile S.A. It has been fully dissolved on December 1, 2019.
As a result of the dissolution of the company LATAM Travel Chile S.A., the company LATAM Airlines Group S.A. assumes from that date all obligations and rights corresponding to the first.
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The following describes the principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements.
These consolidated financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and for the three years ended December 31, 2020 and have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and with the interpretations issued by the interpretations committee of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRIC).
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historic-cost criterion, although modified by the valuation at fair value of certain financial instruments.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to use its judgment in applying the Company’s accounting policies. Note 4 shows the areas that imply a greater degree of judgment or complexity or the areas where the assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements.
F-18
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies used by the Company for the consolidated financial statements 2019, except for the standards and interpretations adopted as of January 1, 2020.
(a) Accounting pronouncements with implementation effective from January 1, 2020:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | ||
Amendment to IFRS 3: Business combinations. | October 2018 | 01/01/2020 | ||
Amendment to IAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors. | October 2018 | 01/01/2020 | ||
Amendment to IFRS 9: Financial instruments; IAS 39: Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement; and IFRS 7: Financial Instruments: Disclosure | September 2019 | 01/01/2020 |
The application of these accounting pronouncements as of January 1, 2020, had no significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
(b) Accounting pronouncements not in force for the financial years beginning on January 1, 2020:
(b.1.) Not early adopted:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | ||
Amendment to IFRS 9: Financial instruments; IAS 39: Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement; IFRS 7: Financial Instruments: Disclosure; IFRS 4: Insurance contracts; and IFRS 16: Leases. | August 2020 | 01/01/2021 | ||
Amendment to IFRS 4: Insurance contracts | June 2020 | 01/01/2023 | ||
Amendment to IFRS 17: Insurance contracts. | June 2020 | 01/01/2023 | ||
Amendment to IFRS 3: Business combinations. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | ||
Amendment to IAS 37: Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | ||
Amendment to IAS 16: Property, plant and equipment. | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 | ||
Amendment to IAS 1: Presentation of financial statements. | January 2020 | 01/01/2023 | ||
IFRS 17: Insurance contracts | May 2017 | 01/01/2023 | ||
Amendment to IFRS 10: Consolidated financial statements and IAS 28: Investments in associates and joint ventures. | September 2014 | Not determined | ||
(ii) Improvements | ||||
Improvements to International Information Standards Financial (2018-2020 cycle) IFRS 1: First-time adoption of international financial reporting standards, IFRS 9: Financial Instruments, illustrative examples accompanying IFRS 16: Leases, IAS 41: Agriculture | May 2020 | 01/01/2022 |
F-19
The Company’s management estimates that the adoption of the standards, amendments and interpretations described above will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the exercise of their first application.
(b.2.) Early adopted standard:
(i) Standards and amendments | Date of issue | Effective Date: | ||
Amendment to IFRS 16: Leases. | May 2020 | 06/01/2020 |
(b.3.) Adoption of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments for hedge accounting:
On January 1, 2018, the effective adoption date of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, the Company established the accounting policy to continue applying IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement for hedge accounting. On January 1, 2021, the Company will modify this accounting policy and adopt IFRS 9 in relation to hedge accounting, aligning the requirements for hedge accounting with the Company’s risk management policies.
The Company has evaluated the hedge relationships in force as of December 31, 2020, and has determined that they meet the criteria for hedge accounting under IFRS 9 Financial Instruments as of January 1, 2021 and, consequently, they will be considered relationships continuous coverage.
The time value of the options used as hedging instruments, effective at the closing of these Consolidated Financial Statements, will not continue to be designated as part of the hedging relationship but their recognition will continue in Other Comprehensive Income until the forecast transaction occurs at which time will be recognized in the income statement. As of December 31, 2020, the amount recognized in Equity corresponding to the temporal value of the options is ThUS $ (380).
The hedge accounting requirements of IFRS 9 will be applied prospectively. The Company estimates that the application of this part of the standard will not have significant impact on consolidated financial statements.
The Company is modifying the documentation of the existing hedging relationships as of December 31, 2020 in accordance with the provisions of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments.
(c) Chapter 11 Filing and Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As disclosed in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company incurred a net loss attributable to owners of the parent of US$ 4,546 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. As of that date, the Company has a negative working capital of US$ 4,348 million and will require additional working capital during 2021 to support a sustainable business operation. As of December 31, 2020, the company has negative equity of US$ 2,436 million, which corresponds to the attributable equity to the owners of the parent.
F-20
On May 26, 2020 (the “Initial Petition Date”), LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively, the “Initial Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for reorganization (the “Initial Bankruptcy Filing”) under chapter 11 of title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”). On July 7, 2020 (the “Piquero Petition Date”), Piquero Leasing Limited (“Piquero”) also filed a petition for reorganization with the Bankruptcy Court (the “Piquero Bankruptcy Filing”). On July 9, 2020 (together with the Initial Petition Date and Piquero Petition Date, as applicable, the “Petition Date”), TAM S.A. and certain of its subsidiaries in Brazil (together with the Initial Debtors and Piquero, the “Debtors”) also filed petitions for reorganization (together with the Initial Bankruptcy Filing and the Piquero Bankruptcy Filing, the “Bankruptcy Filing”), as a consequence of the prolonged effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Bankruptcy Filing for each of the Debtors is being jointly administered under the caption “In re LATAM Airlines Group S.A.” Case Number 20-11254. The Debtors will continue to operate their businesses as “debtors-in-possession” under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court.
The Bankruptcy Filing is intended to permit the Company to reorganize and improve liquidity, wind down unprofitable contracts and amend its capacity purchase agreements to enable sustainable profitability. The Company’s goal is to develop and implement a plan of reorganization that meets the standards for confirmation under the Bankruptcy Code.
As part of their overall reorganization process, the Debtors also have sought and received relief in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions. On May 27, 2020, the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands granted the applications of certain of the Debtors for the appointment of provisional liquidators (“JPLs”) pursuant to section 104(3) of the Companies Law (2020 Revision). On June 4, 2020, the 2nd Civil Court of Santiago, Chile issued an order recognizing the Chapter 11 proceeding with respect to the LATAM Airlines Group S.A., Lan Cargo S.A., Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A., Latam Travel Chile II S.A., Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A., Transporte Aéreo S.A., Inversiones Lan S.A., Lan Pax Group S.A. and Technical Training LATAM S.A. All remedies filed against the order have been rejected and the decision is, then, final. Finally, on June 12, 2020, the Superintendence of Companies of Colombia granted recognition to the Chapter 11 proceedings. On July 10, 2020, the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands granted the Debtors’ application for the appointment of JPLs to Piquero Leasing Limited.
Operation and Implication of the Bankruptcy Filing:
The Debtors continue to operate their businesses and manage their properties as debtors-in-possession pursuant to sections 1107(a) and 1108 of the Bankruptcy Code. As debtors-in-possession, the Debtors are authorized to engage in transactions within the ordinary course of business without prior authorization of the Bankruptcy Court. The protections afforded by the Bankruptcy Code allows the Debtors to operate their business without interruption, and the Bankruptcy Court has granted additional relief including, inter alia, the authority, but not the obligation, to (i) pay amounts owed under certain critical airline agreements; (ii) pay certain third-parties who hold liens or other possessory interests in the Debtors’ property; (iii) pay employee wages and continue employee benefit programs; (iv) pay prepetition taxes and related fees; (v) continue insurance and surety bond programs; (vi) pay certain de minimis litigation judgements or settlements without prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court; (vii) pay fuel supplies; and
F-21
As debtors-in-possession, the Debtors may use, sell, or lease property of their estates, subject to the Bankruptcy Court’s approval if not otherwise in the ordinary course of business. The Debtors have not yet prepared or filed with the Bankruptcy Court a plan of reorganization, and, pursuant to section 1121 of the Bankruptcy Code, have the exclusive right to propose such a plan on or before June 30, 2021, or such later date as may be further ordered by the Bankruptcy Court. The ultimate plan of reorganization, which can only be adopted after meeting all requirements set forth in sections 1126 and 1129 of the Bankruptcy Code and subject to approval by the Bankruptcy Court, could materially change the amounts and classifications in the consolidated financial statements, including the value, if any, of the Debtors’ prepetition liabilities and securities.
Events Leading to the Chapter 11 Cases:
Since the first quarter of 2020, the passenger air transportation business has been affected worldwide by a significant decrease in international air traffic, due to the closure of international borders with the aim of protecting the population from the effects of COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by a new virus, declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization.
LATAM’s preliminary assessment in the beginning of March 2020 indicated previous disease outbreaks have peaked after few months and recovered pre-outbreak levels in no more than 6 to 7 months, and the effect with scenery impacting mainly on Asia Pacific Airlines, indicating impact on Latin America of a marginal decrease of Revenue Per Kilometers forecast.
For the Company, the reduction in its operation began in the middle of March 2020 with the announcement of a 30% decrease in its operations and the suspension of the guidance for 2020 in line with protection measures and boarding restrictions implemented by local governments (March 16, 2020 for Peru, Colombia and Argentina, March 18, 2020 for Chile and March 27, 2020 for Brazil). On March 16, 2020, the Company announced an update of its projection to a progressive decrease in its operation up to 70%.
By March 29, 2020, COVID 19 had already generated an unprecedented shock on Airlines Industry, specifically on airlines passenger revenue. The situation has both broadened and deepened beyond the initial assessment.
In response to COVID 19, governments have been imposing much more severe border restrictions and airlines have been subsequently announcing sharp capacity cuts in response to a dramatic drop in travel demand. On April 2, 2020, the Company announced a decrease in its operation by 95%.
The Company’s passenger traffic for the year ended December 31, 2020, decreased by 65,8% compared to the year 2019.
In order to protect liquidity, the Company has carried out financial transactions, such as the use of funds from the Revolving Credit Facility (Revolving Credit Facility) for US $ 600 million, which have affected its financial assets and liabilities, especially the items of Cash and cash equivalents and other financial liabilities.
F-22
In the second quarter of 2020, the Company estimated that reactivation of its operations would occur during the third and fourth quarters of 2020. At this time there is an approximately 30% increase in the Company’s operations, however, the exact moment and pace of the full recovery are uncertain, given the significant impact of the pandemic on the countries in which it operates.
Among the initiatives that the Company studied and committed to protect liquidity were the following:
(i) | Reduction and postponement of the investment plan for different projects; |
(ii) | Implementation of control measurements for payments to suppliers and purchases of new goods and services; |
(iii) | Negotiation of the payment conditions with suppliers; |
(iv) | Ticket refunds via travel vouchers and Frequent Flyer Program points and miles; all in all, the LATAM Group will continue to honor all current and future tickets, as well as travel vouchers, frequent flyer miles and benefits, and flexibility policies; |
(v) | Temporary reduction of salaries, considering the legal framework of each country: as of the second quarter, the Company implemented a voluntary process to reduce salaries in force until December 31, 2020. Associated with the restructuring plan and in order to adapt to the new demand scenario, the company has designed a staff reduction plan in the different countries where it operates. The costs associated with the execution of this plan were recorded in income as Restructuring activities expenses. (See note 27d); |
(vi) | Short-term debt and debt maturities renewal; |
(vii) | Governmental loan request in different countries in which the company operates; and Reduction of non-essential fleet and non-fleet investments |
The Company, in consultation with its advisors, also evaluated a variety of potential restructuring options. In the opinion of the Board, the timings for a conventional bilateral process, the possibility that creditors may have decided to engage in collection actions, the impossibility of curing defaults and the need to implement a comprehensive restructuring of LATAM Airlines to which all its creditors and other interested parties must join, lead the Board to consider an in-court bankruptcy proceedings the best alternative.
In addition, the Board noted that other benefits of an in-court bankruptcy proceeding, including the imposition of the Bankruptcy Code’s “automatic stay,” which protects the Company from efforts by creditors and other interested parties to take action in respect of pre-bankruptcy debt, but which, at the same time, allows it to continue operating with its main assets, suppliers, financial parties, regulators and employees, while structuring a binding reorganization to be financially viable in a post-pandemic scenario.
Due to the foregoing, and after consulting the administration and the legal and financial advisors of the Company, on May 26, 2020 the Board has resolved unanimously that LATAM Airlines should initiate a reorganization process in the United States of America according to the rules established in the Bankruptcy Code by filing a voluntary petition for relief in accordance with the same.
Since the Chapter 11 filing, the Company secured up to US$ 2.45 billion in a debtor-in-possession financing facility (the “DIP Facility”) (See Note 3.1 c)).
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Plan of Reorganization:
In order for the Company to emerge successfully from Chapter 11, the Company must obtain the Bankruptcy Court’s approval of a plan of reorganization, which will enable the Company to transition from Chapter 11 into ordinary course operations outside of bankruptcy. In connection with a plan of reorganization, the Company also may require a new credit facility, or “exit financing.” The Company’s ability to obtain such approval and financing will depend on, among other things, the timing and outcome of various ongoing matters related to the Bankruptcy Filing. A plan of reorganization determines the rights and satisfaction of claims of various creditors and parties-in-interest, and is subject to the ultimate outcome of negotiations and Bankruptcy Court decisions ongoing through the date on which the plan of reorganization is confirmed. On October 1, 2020, the Court entered an order extending the period by which the Debtors have the exclusive right to submit a plan of reorganization through and including January 29, 2021; on January 12, 2021, the Company requested a further extension until June 30, 2021. There is no guarantee that the Company will be able to obtain approval of the proposed reorganization plan from the Bankruptcy Court.
The Company presently expects that any proposed plan of reorganization will provide, among other things, mechanisms for settlement of claims against the Debtors’ estates, treatment of the Company’s existing equity and debt holders, and certain corporate governance and administrative matters pertaining to the reorganized Company. Any proposed plan of reorganization will be subject to revision prior to submission to the Bankruptcy Court based upon discussions with the Company’s creditors and other interested parties, and thereafter in response to interested parties’ objections and the requirements of the Bankruptcy Code and Bankruptcy Court. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure approval for the Company’s proposed plan of reorganization from the Bankruptcy Court.
Going Concern:
These Consolidated Financial Statements have also been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of assets and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Debtors be unable to continue as a going concern.
As a result of the Chapter 11 proceedings, the satisfaction of the Company’s liabilities and funding of ongoing operations are subject to uncertainty as a product of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impossibility of knowing its duration at this date and, accordingly, there is a substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to emerge successfully from Chapter 11. Additionally, there is no assurance that long-term funding would be available at rates and on terms and conditions that would be financially acceptable and viable to the Company in the long term. If the Company is unable to generate additional working capital or raise additional financing when needed, it may not able to reinitiate currently suspended operations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, sell assets or enter into a merger or other combination with a third party, any of which could adversely affect the value of the Company’s common stock, or render it worthless. If the Company issues additional debt or equity securities, such securities may enjoy rights, privileges and priorities superior to those enjoyed by holders of the Company’s common stock, thereby diluting the value of the Company’s common stock. Additionally, in connection with the Chapter 11 Filing, material modifications could be made to the Company’s fleet and capacity purchase agreements. These modifications could materially affect the Company’s financial results going forward, and could result in future impairment charges.
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Chapter 11 Milestones
Notice to Creditors - Effect of the Automatic Stay:
The Debtors have notified all known current or potential creditors that the Chapter 11 Cases were filed. Pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code and subject to certain limited exceptions, the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases gave rise to an automatic, worldwide injunction that precludes, among other things, any act to (i) obtain possession of property of or from the Debtors’ estates, (ii) create, perfect, or enforce any lien against property of the Debtors’ estates; (iii) exercise control over property of the Debtors’ estate, wherever in the world that property may be located; and further enjoined or stayed (iv) and also ordered or suspended the commencement or continuation of any judicial, administrative, or other action or proceeding against the debtor that could have been commenced before the Petition Date or efforts to recover a claim against the Debtors that arose before the Petition Date. Vendors are being paid for goods furnished and services provided postpetition in the ordinary course of business.
On August 31, 2020 (the “First Stay Motion”), and December 30, 2020 (the “Second Stay Motion”), Corporación Nacional de Consumidores y Usuarios de Chile (“CONADECUS”) filed two motions in the Bankruptcy Court seeking relief from the automatic stay in order prosecute certain actions against LATAM that are currently pending before the courts of Chile. LATAM filed a brief in opposition to the First Stay Motion, and on December 16, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court heard oral arguments on the First Stay Motion. At that hearing, the Bankruptcy Court granted the First Stay Motion for the limited purpose of allowing CONADECUS to further prosecute its pending appeal before the courts of Chile. On February 9, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court granted the Second Stay Motion on the same narrow grounds as the First Stay Motion. The Bankruptcy Court’s decisions on the First Stay Motion and Second Stay Motion did not affect the underlying proceedings in Chile beyond allowing CONADECUS to continue its pending appeals.
Appointment of the Creditors’ Committee:
On June 5, 2020, the United States Trustee for Region 2 appointed an official committee of unsecured creditors (the “Creditors’ Committee”) in the Initial Chapter 11 Cases. The United States Trustee has not solicited additional members for the Creditors’ Committee as a result of TAM S.A. or any of its applicable subsidiaries joining the Bankruptcy Filing. On June 12, 2020, one of the Creditors’ Committee’s members, Compañía de Seguros de Vida Consorcio Nactional de Seguros S.A. resigned from the Creditors’ Committee. No trustee or examiner has been appointed in any of these Chapter 11 Cases. No other official committee have been solicited or appointed.
Assumption & Rejection of Executory Contracts:
Pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code and the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (the “Bankruptcy Rules”), the Debtors are authorized to assume, assign or reject certain executory contracts and unexpired leases. Absent certain exceptions, the Debtors’ rejection of an executory contract or an unexpired lease is generally treated as prepetition breach, which entitles the contract counterparty to file a general unsecured claim against the Debtors and simultaneously relives the Debtors from their future obligations under the contract or lease. Further, the Debtors’ assumption of an executory contract or unexpired lease would generally require the Debtors to satisfy certain prepetition amounts due and owning under such contract or lease.
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On June 28, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court authorized the Debtors to establish procedures for the rejection of certain executory contracts and unexpired leases. In accordance with these rejection procedures, the Bankruptcy Code and the Bankruptcy Rules the Debtors have or will reject certain contracts and leases (see note 17, 19 and 27). Relatedly, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Debtors’ request to extend the date by which the Debtors may assume or reject unexpired non-residential, real property leases until December 22, 2020. Following consent of certain lessors to further extend the deadline in order to finalize productive negotiations, the Debtors have moved to assume multiple airport leases at Miami-Dade, LAX and JFK related to the Debtors’ passenger and cargo businesses.
Further, the Debtors have or will file motions to reject certain aircraft and engine leases:
Bankruptcy Court approval date: | Asset rejected: | |
June 8, 2020 | (i) 1 Boeing 767 | |
June 24, 2020 | (i) 16 Airbus A320-family aircraft; (ii) 2 Airbus A350 aircraft; and (iii) 4 Boeing 787-9 | |
June 28, 2020 | (i) 2 Engine model V2527-A5; and (ii) 2 Engine model CFM56-5B4/3 | |
July 29, 2020 | (i) 1 Engine model CFM56-5B3/3 | |
August 19, 2020 | (i) 1 Boeing 767 | |
October 26, 2020 | (i) 3 Airbus A320-family aircraft | |
October 28, 2020 | (i) 1 Airbus A319 | |
November 5, 2020 | (i) 1 A320-family aircraft | |
As of December 31, 2020, and as a result of these contract rejections, obligations with the lenders and lessors were extinguish and also the Company lost control over the related assets, which led to the derecognition of the assets and the liabilities associated with these aircraft. See note 17, 19 and 27. All accounting effects were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020 as Restructuring activities expenses.
On November 23, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court also entered order authorizing the Debtors to assume key commercial agreements with Delta Air Lines, Inc. Relatedly, the Debtors have or will file motions to enter into certain aircraft lease amendment agreements which have the effect of, among other things, reducing the Debtors’ rental payment obligations. On December 31, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order authorizing the Debtors to enter into a lease amendment agreement with Vermillion Aviation (Two) Limited. The agreement requires the Debtors to assume the amended lease through a plan of reorganization, with certain limited exceptions.
Statements and Schedules:
On September 8, 2020, the Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court schedules and statements of financial affairs setting forth, among other things, the assets and liabilities of the Debtors (the “Statements and Schedules”). The Statements and Schedules are prepared according to the requirements of applicable bankruptcy law and are subject to further amendment or modification by the Debtors, for example: “Monthly Operating Report” (MOR). The Company on a monthly basis makes the presentation of these schedules and statements.
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Although the Debtors believe that these materials provide the information required under the Bankruptcy Code or orders of the Bankruptcy Court, they are nonetheless unaudited and prepared in a format different from the consolidated financial reports historically prepared by LATAM in accordance with IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). Certain of the information contained in the Statements and Schedules may be prepared on an unconsolidated basis. Accordingly, the Debtors believe that the substance and format of these materials do not allow meaningful comparison with their regularly publicly-disclosed consolidated financial statements. Moreover, the materials filed with the Bankruptcy Court are not prepared for the purpose of providing a basis for an investment decision relating to the Debtors’ securities, or claims against the Debtors, or for comparison with other financial information required to be reported under applicable securities law.
Intercompany and Affiliate Transactions:
The Debtors are authorized to continue performing certain postpetition intercompany and affiliate transactions in the ordinary course of business, including transactions with non-debtor affiliates, and to honor obligations in connection with such transactions; provided, however, the Debtors shall not make any cash payments on account of prepetition transactions with affiliates absent permission from the Bankruptcy Court, including any repayments on any prepetition loans to non-debtor affiliates pursuant to any such transactions. Out of an abundance of caution, the Debtors have also sought and received Bankruptcy Court approval to contribute capital, capitalize intercompany debt and issue shares between certain debtor affiliates.
Debtor in Possession Financing
On September 19, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order authorizing the Debtors to obtain postpetition “debtor-in-possession financing” in the form of a multi-draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to US$2.45 billion (See note 3.1 c)).
Establishment of Bar Dates.
On September 24, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order (the “Bar Date Order”) establishing December 18, 2020, as the general deadline (the “General Bar Date”) by which persons or entities who believe they hold any claims against any Debtor that arose prior to the Petition Date, as applicable to each Debtor, must have submitted written documentation of such claims (a “Proof of Claim”). The General Bar Date was not applicable to governmental units, which must have submitted Proofs of Claims by January 5, 2021 (the “Governmental Bar Date”). Finally, as more fully described in the Bar Date Order, claims with respect to rejected contracts or unexpired leases may be subject to a deadline later than the General Bar Date (the “Rejection Bar Date” and, together with the General Bar Date and the Governmental Bar Date, the “Bar Dates’). Any person or entity that fails to timely file its Proof of Claim by the applicable Bar Date will be forever barred from asserting their claim and will not receive any distributions made as part of the ultimate plan of reorganization. Notice of the Bar Dates, as well as instructions on how to file Proof of Claims, were sent to all known creditors and published in various newspapers in the United States and South America.
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On December 17, 2020, the Court entered an order establishing a supplemental bar date of February 5, 2021 (the “Supplemental Bar Date”), for certain non-U.S. claimants not otherwise subject to the General Bar Date. The Supplemental Bar Date applies only to those entities and individuals specifically identified in the court order. Any person or entity that fails to timely file its Proof of Claim by the Supplemental Bar Date will be forever barred from asserting their claim and will not receive any distributions made as part of the ultimate plan of reorganization.
Following the close of the General Bar Date and the Supplemental Bar Date, the Debtors have continued the process of reconciling approximately 6,000 submitted claims and have developed procedures to streamline the claims process. The Company has already filed objections to a number of claims and anticipates continuing to do so in the coming months. Although many objections have been entered on an omnibus basis, some claims disputes will likely require individualized adjudication by the Bankruptcy Court. Further, the Company has also filed a motion requesting approval of alternative dispute resolution procedures to resolves certain claims disputes outside of the Bankruptcy Court. Given the need to reconcile claims against the Company’s books and records and to resolve claims disputes both in and outside of the Bankruptcy Court, the Company is not yet able to make a reliable estimate of the final claims pool, both in terms of the final number of claims and the value of such claims.
(a) Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are all the entities (including special-purpose entities) over which the Company has the power to control the financial and operating policies, which are generally accompanied by a holding of more than half of the voting rights. In evaluating whether the Company controls another entity, the existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible at the date of the consolidated financial statements are considered. The subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is passed to the Company and they are excluded from the consolidation on the date they cease to be so controlled. The results and flows are incorporated from the date of acquisition.
Balances, transactions and unrealized gains on transactions between the Company’s entities are eliminated. Unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment loss of the asset transferred. When necessary in order to ensure uniformity with the policies adopted by the Company, the accounting policies of the subsidiaries are modified.
To account for and identify the financial information revealed when carrying out a business combination, such as the acquisition of an entity by the Company, is apply the acquisition method provided for in IFRS 3: Business combination.
(b) Transactions with non-controlling interests
The Group applies the policy of considering transactions with non-controlling interests, when not related to loss of control, as equity transactions without an effect on income.
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(c) Sales of subsidiaries
When a subsidiary is sold and a percentage of participation is not retained, the Company derecognizes assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, the non-controlling and other components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any gain or loss resulting from the loss of control is recognized in the consolidated income statement in Other gains (losses).
If LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries retain an ownership of participation in the sold subsidiary, and does not represent control, this is recognized at fair value on the date that control is lost, the amounts previously recognized in Other comprehensive income are accounted as if the Company had disposed directly from the assets and related liabilities, which can cause these amounts are reclassified to profit or loss. The percentage retained valued at fair value is subsequently accounted using the equity method.
(d) Investees or associates
Investees or associates are all entities over which LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries have significant influence but have no control. This usually arises from holding between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are booked using the equity method and are initially recognized at their cost.
2.3. Foreign currency transactions
(a) Presentation and functional currencies
The items included in the financial statements of each of the entities of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries are valued using the currency of the main economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The functional currency of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. is the United States dollar which is also the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries.
(b) Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated to the functional currency using the exchange rates on the transaction dates. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from the liquidation of these transactions and from the translation at the closing exchange rates of the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are shown in the consolidated statement of income by function except when deferred in Other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.
(c) Adjustment due to hyperinflation
After July 1, 2018, the Argentine economy was considered, for purposes of IFRS, hyperinflationary. The financial statements of the subsidiaries whose functional currency is the Argentine Peso have been restated.
The non-monetary items of the statement of financial position as well as the income statement, comprehensive incomes and cash flows of the group’s entities, whose functional currency corresponds to a hyperinflationary economy, are adjusted for inflation and re-expressed in accordance with the variation of the consumer price index (“CPI”), at each presentation date of its financial statements. The re-expression of non-monetary items is made from the date of initial recognition in the statements of financial position and considering that the financial statements are prepared under the historical cost criterion.
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Net losses or gains arising from the re-expression of non-monetary items and income and costs are recognized in the consolidated income statement under “Result of indexation units”.
Net gains and losses on the re-expression of opening balances due to the initial application of IAS 29 are recognized in the consolidated retained earnings.
Re-expression due to hyperinflation will be recorded until the period or exercise in which the economy of the entity ceases to be considered as a hyperinflationary economy, at that time, the adjustments made by hyperinflation will be part of the cost of non-monetary assets and liabilities.
The comparative amounts in the Consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in a stable currency and are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the price level or exchange rates.
(d) Group entities
The results and the financial situation of the Group’s entities, whose functional currency is different from the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statements, of LATAM Airlines Group S.A., which does not correspond to the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, are converted into the currency of presentation as follows:
(i) Assets and liabilities of each consolidated statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing exchange rate on the consolidated statement of financial position date;
(ii) The revenues and expenses of each income statement account are translated at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates, and
(iii) All the resultant exchange differences by conversion are shown as a separate component in other comprehensive income, within “Gain (losses) from exchange rate difference, before tax”.
For those subsidiaries of the group whose functional currency is different from the presentation currency and, moreover, corresponds to the currency of a hyperinflationary economy; its restated results, cash flow and financial situation are converted to the presentation currency at the closing exchange rate on the date of the consolidated financial statements.
The exchange rates used correspond to those fixed in the country where the subsidiary is located, whose functional currency is different to the U.S. dollar.
Adjustments to the Goodwill and fair value arising from the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and are translated at the closing exchange rate or period informed, restated when the currency came from the functional entity of the foreign entity corresponds to that of a hyperinflationary economy, the adjustments for the restatement of goodwill are recognized in the consolidated equity.
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2.4. Property, plant and equipment
The land of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, are recognized at cost less any accumulated impairment loss. The rest of the Properties, plants and equipment are recorded, both in their initial recognition and in their subsequent measurement, at their historical cost, restated for inflation when appropriate, less the corresponding depreciation and any loss due to deterioration.
The amounts of advances paid to the aircraft manufacturers are activated by the Company under Construction in progress until they are received.
Subsequent costs (replacement of components, improvements, extensions, etc.) are included in the value of the initial asset or are recognized as a separate asset, only when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the elements of property, plant and equipment, they will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be determined reliably. The value of the replaced component is written off. The rest of the repairs and maintenance are charged to the result of the year in which they are incurred.
The depreciation of the properties, plants and equipment is calculated using the linear method over their estimated technical useful lives; except in the case of certain technical components which are depreciated on the basis of cycles and hours flown. This charge is recognized in the captions “Cost of sale” and “Administrative expenses”.
The residual value and the useful life of the assets are reviewed and adjusted, if necessary, once a year.
When the value of an asset exceeds its estimated recoverable amount, its value is immediately reduced to its recoverable amount.
Losses and gains from the sale of property, plant and equipment are calculated by comparing the consideration with the book value and are included in the consolidated statement of income.
2.5. Intangible assets other than goodwill
(a) Airport slots and Loyalty program
Airport slots and the Loyalty program correspond to intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and are annually tested for impairment as an integral part of the CGU Air Transport.
Airport Slots correspond to an administrative authorization to carry out operations of arrival and departure of aircraft, at a specific airport, within a certain period of time.
The Loyalty program corresponds to the system of accumulation and exchange of points that is part of TAM Linhas Aereas S.A.
The airport slots and Loyalty program were recognized at fair value under IFRS 3, as a consequence of the business combination with TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries.
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(b) Computer software
Licenses for computer software acquired are capitalized on the basis of the costs incurred in acquiring them and preparing them for using the specific software. These costs are amortized over their estimated useful lives, for which the Company has been defined useful lives between 3 and 10 years.
Expenses related to the development or maintenance of computer software which do not qualify for capitalization, are shown as an expense when incurred. The personnel costs and others cost directly related to the production of unique and identifiable computer software controlled by the Company, are shown as intangible Assets others than Goodwill when they have met all the criteria for capitalization.
(c) Brands
The Brands were acquired in the business combination with TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries and, recognized at fair value under IFRS 3. The Company has defined a useful life of five years, period in which the value of the brands will be amortized.
Goodwill represents the excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the Company’s participation in the net identifiable assets of the subsidiary or associate on the acquisition date. Goodwill related to acquisition of subsidiaries is not amortized but tested for impairment annually or each time that there is evidence of impairment. Gains and losses on the sale of an entity include the book amount of the goodwill related to the entity sold.
Interest costs incurred for the construction of any qualified asset are capitalized over the time necessary for completing and preparing the asset for its intended use. Other interest costs are recognized in the consolidated statement of income when accrued.
2.8. Losses for impairment of non-financial assets
Goodwill and intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired. Assets subject to amortization are tested for impairment losses whenever any event or change in circumstances indicates that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the fair value of an asset less the costs for sale or the value in use, whichever is greater. For the purpose of evaluating impairment losses, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there are largely independent cash inflows (cash generating unit. Non-financial assets, other than goodwill, that would have suffered an impairment loss are reviewed if there are indicators of reversal of losses. Impairment losses are recognized in the consolidated statement of income under “Other gains (losses)”.
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The Company classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through gains or losses), and at amortized cost. The classification depends on the business model of the entity to manage the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
The group reclassifies debt investments when, and only when, it changes its business model to manage those assets.
In the initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset classified at amortized cost, the transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets accounted for at fair value through profit or loss are recorded as expenses in the income statement.
(a) Debt instruments
The subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the group’s business model to manage the asset and cash flow characteristics of the asset. The Company has two measurement categories in which the group classifies its debt instruments:
Amortized cost: the assets held for the collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent only payments of principal and interest are measured at amortized cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortized cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognized in income when the asset is derecognized or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in financial income using the effective interest rate method.
Fair value through profit or loss: assets that do not meet the criteria of amortized cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognized in profit or loss and is presented net in the income statement within other gains / (losses) in the period or exercise in which it arises.
(b) Equity instruments
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognized in other gains / (losses) in the statement of income as appropriate.
The Company evaluates in advance the expected credit losses associated with its debt instruments recorded at amortized cost. The applied impairment methodology depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
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2.10. Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities
Derivatives are recognized, in accordance with IAS 39 for hedge accounting and IFRS 9 for derivatives not qualify as hedge accounting, initially at fair value on the date on which the derivative contract was made and are subsequently valued at their fair value. The method to recognize the resulting loss or gain depends on whether the derivative has been designated as a hedging instrument and, if so, the nature of the item being hedged. The Company designates certain derivatives as:
(a) | Hedge of the fair value of recognized assets (fair value hedge); |
(b) | Hedge of an identified risk associated with a recognized liability or an expected highly- Probable transaction (cash-flow hedge), or |
(c) | Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting. |
The Company documents, at the inception of each transaction, the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as its objectives for managing risk and the strategy for carrying out various hedging transactions. The Company also documents its assessment, both at the beginning and on an ongoing basis, as to whether the derivatives used in the hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting the changes in the fair value or cash flows of the items being hedged.
The total fair value of the hedging derivatives is booked as Other non-current financial asset or liability if the remaining maturity of the item hedged is over 12 months, and as an other current financial asset or liability if the remaining term of the item hedged is less than 12 months. Derivatives not booked as hedges are classified as Other financial assets or liabilities.
(a) Fair value hedges
Changes in the fair value of designated derivatives that qualify as fair value hedges are shown in the consolidated statement of income, together with any change in the fair value of the asset or liability hedged that is attributable to the risk being hedged.
(b) Cash flow hedges
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is shown in the statement of other comprehensive income. The loss or gain relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the consolidated statement of income under other gains (losses). Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods or exercise when the hedged item affects profit or loss.
In case of variable interest-rate hedges, the amounts recognized in the statement of other comprehensive income are reclassified to results within financial costs at the same time the associated debts accrue interest.
For fuel price hedges, the amounts shown in the statement of other comprehensive income are reclassified to results under the line item Cost of sales to the extent that the fuel subject to the hedge is used.
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For foreign currency hedges, the amounts recognized in the statement of other comprehensive income are reclassified to income as deferred revenue resulting from the use of points, are recognized as Income.
When hedging instrument mature, is sold or fails to meet the requirements to be accounted for as hedges, any gain or loss accumulated in the statement of Other comprehensive income until that moment, remains in the statement of other comprehensive income and is reclassified to the consolidated statement of income when the hedged transaction is finally recognized. When it is expected that the hedged transaction is no longer going to occur, the gain or loss accumulated in the statement of other comprehensive income is taken immediately to the consolidated statement of income as “Other gains (losses)”.
(c) Derivatives not booked as a hedge
The changes in fair value of any derivative instrument that is not booked as a hedge are shown immediately in the consolidated statement of income in “Other gains (losses)”.
Inventories, are shown at the lower of cost and their net realizable value. The cost is determined on the basis of the weighted average cost method (WAC). The net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the normal course of business, less estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
2.12. Trade and other accounts receivable
Commercial accounts receivable are initially recognized at their fair value and subsequently at their amortized cost in accordance with the effective rate method, less the provision for impairment according to the model of the expected credit losses. The Company applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires that expected lifetime losses be recognized upon initial recognition of accounts receivable.
In the event that the Company transfers its rights to any financial asset (generally accounts receivable) to a third party in exchange for a cash payment, the Company evaluates whether all risks and rewards have been transferred, in which case the account receivable is derecognized.
The existence of significant financial difficulties on the part of the debtor, the probability that the debtor goes bankrupt or financial reorganization are considered indicators of a significant increase in credit risk.
The carrying amount of the asset is reduced as the provision account is used and the loss is recognized in the consolidated income statement under “Cost of sales”. When an account receivable is written off, it is regularized against the provision account for the account receivable.
2.13. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and bank balances, time deposits in financial institutions, and other short-term and highly liquid investments.
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The common shares are classified as net equity.
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new shares or options are shown in net equity as a deduction from the proceeds received from the placement of shares.
2.15. Trade and other accounts payables
Trade payables and other accounts payable are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently at amortized cost.
Financial liabilities are shown initially at their fair value, net of the costs incurred in the transaction. Later, these financial liabilities are valued at their amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds obtained (net of the necessary arrangement| costs) and the repayment value, is shown in the consolidated statement of income during the term of the debt, according to the effective interest rate method.
Financial liabilities are classified in current and non-current liabilities according to the contractual payment dates of the nominal principal.
2.17. Current and deferred taxes
The tax expense for the period comprises income and deferred taxes.
The current income tax expense is calculated based on tax laws in enacted the date of statement of financial position, in the countries in which the subsidiaries and associates operate and generate taxable income.
Deferred taxes are recognized, on the temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from the initial recognition of an assets or a liability in transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction does not affect the accounting or the taxable profit or loss. Deferred tax is determined using the tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the date of the consolidated statements of financial position, and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability discharged.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent it is probable that the future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.
The tax (current and deferred) is recognized in statement of income by function, unless it relates to an item recognized in other comprehensive income, directly in equity. In this case the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income or, directly in the statement of income by function, respectively.
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(a) Personnel vacations
The Company recognizes the expense for personnel vacations on an accrual basis.
(b) Share-based compensation
The compensation plans implemented based on the shares of the Company are recognized in the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS 2: Share-based payments, for plans based on the granting of options, the effect of fair value is recorded in equity with a charge to remuneration in a linear manner between the date of grant of said options and the date on which they become irrevocable, for the plans considered as cash settled award the fair value, updated as of the closing date of each reporting period or exercise, is recorded as a liability with charge to remuneration.
(c) Post-employment and other long-term benefits
Provisions are made for these obligations by applying the method of the projected unit credit method, and considering estimates of future permanence, mortality rates and future wage increases determined on the basis of actuarial calculations. The discount rates are determined by reference to market interest-rate curves. Actuarial gains or losses are shown in other comprehensive income.
(d) Incentives
The Company has an annual incentives plan for its personnel for compliance with objectives and individual contribution to the results. The incentives eventually granted consist of a given number or portion of monthly remuneration and the provision is made on the basis of the amount estimated for distribution.
(e) Termination benefits
The group recognizes termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates: (a) when the group terminates laboral relation; and (b) when the entity recognizes costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of IAS 37 and involves the payment of terminations benefits.
Provisions are recognized when:
(i) | The Company has a present legal or implicit obligation as a result of past events; |
(ii) | It is probable that payment is going to be necessary to settle an obligation; and |
(iii) | The amount has been reliably estimated. |
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2.20. Revenue from contracts with customers
(a) Transportation of passengers and cargo
The Company recognizes the sale for the transportation service as a deferred income liability, which is recognized as income when the transportation service has been lent or expired. In the case of air transport services sold by the Company and that will be made by other airlines, the liability is reduced when they are remitted to said airlines. The Company periodically reviews whether it is necessary to make an adjustment to deferred income liabilities, mainly related to returns, changes, among others.
Compensations granted to clients for changes in the levels of services or billing of additional services such as additional baggage, change of seat, among others, are considered modifications of the initial contract, therefore, they are deferred until the corresponding service is provided.
(b) Expiration of air tickets
The Company estimates in a monthly basis the probability of expiration of air tickets, with refund clauses, based on the history of use of the same. Air tickets without refund clause are expired on the date of the flight in case the passenger does not show up.
(c) Costs associated with the contract
The costs related to the sale of air tickets are activated and deferred until the moment of providing the corresponding service. These assets are included under the heading “Other current non-financial assets” in the Consolidated Classified Statement of Financial Position.
(d) Frequent passenger program
The Company maintains the following loyalty programs: LATAM Pass and LATAM Pass Brasil, whose objective is building customer loyalty through the delivery of miles or points.
These programs give their frequent passengers the possibility of earning LATAMPASS’s miles or points, which grant the right to a selection of both air and non-air awards. Additionally, the Company sells the LATAMPASS miles or points to financial and non-financial partners through commercial alliances to award miles or points to their customers.
To reflect the miles and points earned, the loyalty program mainly includes two types of transactions that are considered revenue arrangements with multiple performance obligations: (1) Passenger Ticket Sales Earning miles or points (2) miles or points sold to financial and non-financial partner
(1) Passenger Ticket Sales Earning Miles or Points.
In this case, the miles or points are awarded to customers at the time that the company performs the flight.
To value the miles or points earned with travel, we consider the quantitative value a passenger receives by redeeming miles for a ticket rather than paying cash, which is referred to as Equivalent Ticket Value (“ETV”). Our estimate of ETV is adjusted for miles and point that are not likely to be redeemed (“breakage”).
The balance of miles and point that are pending to redeem are include on deferred revenue.
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(2) Miles sold to financial and non-financial partner
To value the miles or points earns through financial and non-financial partners,the performance obligations with the client are estimated separately. To calculate these performance obligations, different components that add value in the commercial contract must be considered, such as marketing, advertising and other benefits, and finally the value of the points awarded to customers based on our ETV. The value of each of these components is finally allocated in proportion to their relative prices. The performance obligations associated with the valuation of the points or miles earned become part of the Deferred Revenue, and the remaining performance obligations, are recorded as revenue when the miles or points are delivered to the client.
When the miles and points are exchanged for products and services other than the services provided by the Company, the income is recognized immediately, when the exchange is made for air tickets of any airline of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and subsidiaries, the income is deferred until the air transport service is provided.
The miles and points that the Company estimates will not be exchanged are recognized in the results based on the consumption pattern of the miles or points effectively exchanged by customers. The Company uses statistical models to estimate the probability of exchange, which is based on historical patterns and projections.
(e) Dividend income
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.
The Company recognizes contracts that meet the definition of a lease, as a right of use asset and a lease liability on the date when the underlying asset is available for use.
Assets for right of use are measured at cost including the following:
- | The amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability; |
- | Lease payment made at or before commencement date; |
- | Initial direct costs, and |
- | Restoration costs. |
The assets by right of use are recognized in the statement of financial position in Properties, plants and equipment.
Lease liabilities include the net present value of the following payments:
- | Fixed payments including in substance fixed payment. |
- | Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate; |
- | The exercise price of a purchase options, if is reasonably certain to exercise that option. |
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The Company determines the present value of the lease payments using the implicit rates for the aircraft leasing contracts and for the rest of the underlying assets, uses the incremental borrowing rate.
Lease liabilities are recognized in the statement of financial position under Other financial liabilities, current or non-current.
Interest accrued on financial liabilities is recognized in the consolidated statement of income in “Financial costs”.
Payments associated with short-term leases without purchase options and leases of low-value assets are recognized on a straight-line basis in profit or loss at the time of accrual. Those payments are presented in cash flows use in operation activities.
The Company analyzes the financing agreements of aircrafts, mainly considering characteristics such as:
(a) that the Company initially acquired the aircraft or took an important part in the process of direct acquisition with the manufacturers.
(b) Due to the contractual conditions, it is virtually certain that the Company will execute the purchase option of the aircraft at the end of the lease term.
Since these financing agreements are “substantially purchases” and not leases, the related liability is considered as a financial debt classified under to IFRS 9 and continue to be presented within the “Other financial liabilities” described in Note 19. On the other hand, the aircraft are presented in Property, Plants and Equipment, as described in Note 17, as “own aircraft”.
The Group qualifies as sale and lease transactions, operations that lead to a sale according to IFRS 15. More specifically, a sale is considered as such if there is no option to purchase the goods at the end of the lease term.
If the sale by the seller-lessee is classified as a sale in accordance with IFRS 15, the underlying asset is derecognized, and a right-of-use asset equal to the portion retained proportionally of the amount of the asset is recognized.
If the sale by the seller-lessee is not classified as a sale in accordance with IFRS 15, the transferred assets are kept in the financial statements and a financial liability equal to the sale price is recognized (received from the buyer-lessor).
The Company has applied the practical solution allowed by IFRS 16 for those contracts that meet the established requirements and that allows a lessee to choose not to evaluate if the concessions that it obtains derived from COVID-19 are a modification of the lease.
2.22. Non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as assets held for sale are shown at the lesser of their book value and the fair value less costs to sell.
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The costs incurred for scheduled heavy maintenance of the aircraft’s fuselage and engines are capitalized and depreciated until the next maintenance. The depreciation rate is determined on technical grounds, according to the use of the aircraft expressed in terms of cycles and flight hours.
In case of aircraft include in property, plant and equipment, these maintenance cost are capitalized as Property, plant and equipment, while in the case of aircraft on right of use, a liability is accrued based on the use of the main components is recognized, since a contractual obligation with the lessor to return the aircraft on agreed terms of maintenance levels exists. These are recognized as Cost of sales.
Additionally, some contracts that comply with the definition of lease establish the obligation of the lessee to make deposits to the lessor as a guarantee of compliance with maintenance and return conditions. These deposits, often called maintenance reserves, accumulate until a major maintenance is performed, once made, the recovery is requested to the lessor. At the end of the contract period, there is comparison between the reserves that have been paid and required return conditions, and compensation between the parties are made if applicable.
The unscheduled maintenance of aircraft and engines, as well as minor maintenance, are charged to results as incurred.
Disbursements related to environmental protection are charged to results when incurred.
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NOTE 3 - FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Company is exposed to different financial risks: (a) market risk, (b) credit risk, and (c) liquidity risk. The program overall risk management of the Company aims to minimize the adverse effects of financial risks affecting the company.
(a) Market risk
Due to the nature of its operations, the Company is exposed to market factors such as: (i) fuel-price risk, (ii) exchange -rate risk (FX), and (iii) interest -rate risk.
The Company has developed policies and procedures for managing market risk, which aim to identify, quantify, monitor and mitigate the adverse effects of changes in market factors mentioned above.
For the foregoing, Management monitors the evolution of price levels, exchange rates and interest rates, quantifies exposures and their risk, and develops and executes hedging strategies.
(i) Fuel-price risk:
Exposure:
For the execution of its operations the Company purchases a fuel called Jet Fuel grade 54 USGC, which is subject to the fluctuations of international fuel prices.
Mitigation:
To hedge the risk exposure fuel, the Company operates with derivative instruments (swaps and options) whose underlying assets may be different from Jet Fuel, being possible use West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) crude, Brent (“BRENT”) crude and distillate Heating Oil (“HO”), which have a high correlation with Jet Fuel and greater liquidity.
Fuel Hedging Results:
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized losses of US$ 14.3 million (negative) for fuel hedge net of premiums in the costs of sale for the year. During the same year of 2019, the Company recognized losses of US$ 23.1 million for the same concept.
As of the end of March 31, the Company has determined that the highly probable expected transactions, which made up the hedged item, will no longer occur in the formally established magnitudes, therefore it has stopped recognizing these contracts under the accounting of hedge recognizing for the year ended December 31,2020 a loss of US$ 50.8 million in the line in Other gains (losses) of the income statement, as a reclassification effect from other reserves from the statement of comprehensive income and a loss of US$ 30.8 million corresponding to the premiums associated with these contracts. On November 2020, the new fuel derivatives taken by the Company were classified as hedge accounting.
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As of December 31, 2020 the market value of the fuel positions was US$ 1.3 million (positive). At the end of December 2019, this market value was US$ 48.5 million (positive).
The following tables show the level of hedge for different periods:
Positions as of December 31, 2020 (*) | Maturities | |||||||||||||||||||
Q121 | Q221 | Q321 | Q421 | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Percentage of coverage over the expected volume of consumption | 3.0 | % | 2.8 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.6 | % | 2.7 | % |
(*) The percentage shown in the table considers all the hedging instruments (swaps and options).
Positions as of December 31, 2019 (*) | Maturities | |||||||||||||||||||
Q120 | Q220 | Q320 | Q420 | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Percentage of coverage over the expected volume of consumption | 65 | % | 61 | % | 20 | % | 19 | % | 41 | % |
(*) The volume shown in the table considers all the hedging instruments (swaps and options).
Sensitivity analysis
A drop in fuel price positively affects the Company through a reduction in costs. However, also negatively affects contracted positions as these are acquired to protect the Company against the risk of a rise in price. The policy therefore is to maintain a hedge-free percentage in order to be competitive in the event of a drop in price.
The current hedge positions they are booked as cash flow hedge contracts, so a variation in the fuel price has an impact on the Company’s net equity.
The following tables show the sensitization of financial instruments according to reasonable changes in the price of fuel and their effect on equity.
The calculations were made considering a parallel movement of US$ 5 per barrel in the underlying reference price curve at the end of December 2019 and 2020. The projection period was defined until the end of the last fuel hedging contract in force, being the last business day of the fourth quarter of the year 2021.
Positions as of December 31, 2020 | Positions as of December 31, 2019 | |||
Benchmark price | effect on Statement of Income | effect on Equity | ||
(US$ per barrel) | (MUS$) | (MUS$) | ||
+5 | +0.6 | +15.4 | ||
-5 | -0.6 | - 34.5 |
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Given the fuel hedging structure during 2020, which considers a portion free of hedges, a vertical drop of 5 dollars in the JET reference price (considered as the monthly daily average), would have meant an impact of approximately US$ 160.5 million lower fuel cost. For the same period, a vertical rise of 5 dollars in the JET reference price (considered as the monthly daily average), would have meant an approximate impact of US$ 135.0 million in higher fuel costs.
(ii) Foreign exchange rate risk:
Exposure:
The functional and presentation currency of the financial statements of the Parent Company is the US dollar, so that the risk of the Transactional and Conversion exchange rate arises mainly from the Company’s business, strategic and accounting operating activities that are expressed in a monetary unit other than the functional currency.
The subsidiaries of LATAM are also exposed to foreign exchange risk whose impact affects the Company’s Consolidated Income.
The largest operational exposure to LATAM’s exchange risk comes from the concentration of businesses in Brazil, which are mostly denominated in Brazilian Real (BRL), and are actively managed by the company.
At a lower concentration, the Company is also exposed to the fluctuation of other currencies, such as: Euro, Pound sterling, Australian dollar, Colombian peso, Chilean peso, Argentine peso, Paraguayan Guarani, Mexican peso, Peruvian Sol and New Zealand dollar.
Mitigation:
The Company mitigates currency risk exposures by contracting derivative instruments or through natural hedges or execution of internal operations.
Exchange Rate Hedging Results (FX):
With the objective of reducing exposure to the exchange rate risk in the operational cash flows of 2020, and securing the operating margin, LATAM makes hedges using FX derivatives.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not maintain FX derivatives. At the end of December 2019, this market value was MUS$ 0.01 (negative).
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized gains of US$ 3.2 million for FX coverage net of premiums. During the same period of 2019, the Company recognized gains of US$ 1.9 million for FX hedging net of premiums.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had no current FX derivatives for BRL. At the end of December 2019, the Company maintain current FX derivatives for BRL for MUS$ 15.
During 2019 the company contracted FX derivatives recognized in results amounts to USS$ 6.2 million (negative) net of premiums. As of December 31, 2020, the Company does not hold FX derivatives that are not under hedge accounting.
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Sensitivity analysis:
A depreciation of the R$/US$ exchange rate, negatively affects the Company’s operating cash flows, however, also positively affects the value of the positions of derivatives contracted.
FX derivatives are recorded as cash flow hedge contracts; therefore, a variation in the exchange rate has an impact on the market value of the derivatives, the changes of which affect the Company’s net equity.
The following table shows the sensitization of FX derivative instruments according to reasonable changes in the exchange rate and its effect on equity. The Company did not maintain FX derivatives in force for BRL as of December 31, 2020:
Appreciation (depreciation)(*) | Effect at December 31, 2020 | Effect at December 31, 2019 | ||
of R$ | MUS$ | MUS$ | ||
-10% | - | -0.6 | ||
+10% | - | +1.1 |
(*) Appreciation (depreciation) of US$ regard to the covered currencies.
During 2017 and 2019, the Company contracted swap currency derivatives for debt coverage issued the same years by notionals UF 8.7 million and UF 5.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 Company does not has currency hedge swap. At the end of December 2019, this market value was MUS$ 22.7 (negative).
In the case of TAM S.A, whose functional currency is the Brazilian real, a large part of its liabilities is expressed in US dollars. Therefore, when converting financial assets and liabilities, from dollar to real, they have an impact on the result of TAM S.A., which is consolidated in the Company’s Income Statement.
In order to reduce the impact on the Company’s result caused by appreciations or depreciations of R $ / US $, the Company has executed internal operations to reduce the net exposure in US $ for TAM S.A.
The following table shows the variation of financial performance to appreciate or depreciate 10% exchange rate R$/US$:
Appreciation (depreciation)(*) | Effect at December 31, 2020 | Effect at December, 2019 | ||
of R$/US$(*) | MUS$ | MUS$ | ||
-10% | +10.9 | +9.5 | ||
+10% | - 10.9 | -9.5 |
(*) | Appreciation (depreciation) of US$ regard to the covered currencies. |
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Effects of exchange rate derivatives in the Financial Statements
The profit or losses caused by changes in the fair value of hedging instruments are segregated between intrinsic value and temporary value. The intrinsic value is the actual percentage of cash flow covered, initially shown in equity and later transferred to income, while the hedge transaction is recorded in income. The temporary value corresponds to the ineffective portion of cash flow hedge which is recognized in the financial results of the Company (Note 19).
Due to the functional currency of TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries is the Brazilian real, the Company presents the effects of the exchange rate fluctuations in Other comprehensive income by converting the Statement of financial position and Income statement of TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries from their functional currency to the U.S. dollar, which is the presentation currency of the consolidated financial statement of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries. The Goodwill generated in the Business combination is recognized as an asset of TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries in Brazilian real whose conversion to U.S. dollar also produces effects in other comprehensive income.
The following table shows the change in Other comprehensive income recognized in Total equity in the case of appreciate or depreciate 10% the exchange rate R$/US$:
Appreciation (depreciation) | Effect at December 31, 2020 | Effect at December 31, 2019 | ||
of R$/US$ | MUS$ | MUS$ | ||
-10% | +191.53 | +402.48 | ||
+10% | -156.71 | -329.29 |
(iii) Interest -rate risk:
Exposure:
The Company is exposed to fluctuations in interest rates affecting the markets future cash flows of the assets, and current and future financial liabilities.
The Company is exposed in one portion to the variations of London Inter-Bank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interest rates of less relevance are Brazilian Interbank Deposit Certificate (“IDC”).
Mitigation:
At the end of December 2020, the Company did not have current interest rate derivative positions. Currently a 42% (62% at December 31, 2019) of the debt is fixed to fluctuations in interest rate.
Rate Hedging Results:
As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not hold current interest rate derivative positions. At the end of December 2019, this market value was US$ 2.6 million (positive).
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Sensitivity analysis:
The following table shows the sensitivity of changes in financial obligations that are not hedged against interest-rate variations. These changes are considered reasonably possible, based on current market conditions each date.
Increase (decrease) | Positions as of December 31, 2020 | Positions as of December 31, 2019 | ||
futures curve | effect on profit or loss before tax | effect on profit or loss before tax | ||
in libor 3 months | (MUS$) | (MUS$) | ||
+100 basis points | -42.11 | -27.60 | ||
-100 basis points | +42.11 | +27.60 |
Much of the current rate derivatives are registered for as hedges of cash flow, therefore, a variation in the exchange rate has an impact on the market value of derivatives, whose changes impact on the Company’s net equity.
At December 31, 2020 Company does not has interest rate hedge. The calculations were made increasing (decreasing) vertically 100 basis points of the three-month Libor futures curve, being both reasonably possible scenarios according to historical market conditions.
Increase (decrease) | Positions as of December 31, 2020 | Positions as of December 31, 2019 | ||
futures curve | effect on equity | effect on equity | ||
in libor 3 months | (MUS$) | (MUS$) | ||
+100 basis points | - | +13.62 | ||
-100 basis points | - | -14.71 |
The assumptions of sensitivity calculation must assume that forward curves of interest rates do not necessarily reflect the real value of the compensation flows. Moreover, the structure of interest rates is dynamic over time.
During the periods presented, the Company has no registered amounts by ineffectiveness in consolidated statement of income for this kind of hedging.
On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (LIBOR regulating authority) announced its intention to stop asking banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. The Federal Reserve Board and the Fed of New York then convened the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC), a group of private market participants, to help ensure a successful transition from LIBOR in US dollars (USD) to a more robust reference rate, their recommended alternative, the Overnight Guaranteed Financing Rate (SOFR). Although the adoption of SOFR is voluntary, the impending discontinuation of LIBOR makes it essential that market participants consider moving to alternative rates such as SOFR and that they have appropriate alternative language in existing contracts that reference LIBOR.
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(b) Credit risk
Credit risk occurs when the counterparty does not meet its obligations to the Company under a specific contract or financial instrument, resulting in a loss in the market value of a financial instrument (only financial assets, not liabilities). Given the impact of COVID-19 on the operation, the client portfolio as of December 31, 2020 decreased when compared to the balance as of December 31, 2019 by 51%, due to a reduction in company-wide operations, mainly in passenger transport (travel agencies and corporate) and in the case of clients who were left with debt and that management considered risky, the corresponding measures were taken to consider their expected credit loss. For this reason, the provision at the end of December 2020 had an increase of 21.7% compared to the previous period.
The Company is exposed to credit risk due to its operational activities and its financial activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions, investments in other types of instruments, exchange rate transactions and contracting derivative instruments or options.
To reduce the credit risk related to operational activities, the Company has implemented credit limits to limit the exposure of its debtors, which are permanently monitored for the LATAM network, when deemed necessary, agencies have been blocked for cargo and passenger businesses.
(i) Financial activities
Cash surpluses that remain after the financing of assets necessary for the operation are invested according to credit limits approved by the Company’s Board, mainly in time deposits with different financial institutions, private investment funds, short-term mutual funds, and easily-liquidated corporate and sovereign bonds with short remaining maturities. These investments are booked as Cash and cash equivalents and other current financial assets.
In order to reduce counterparty risk and to ensure that the risk assumed is known and managed by the Company, investments are diversified among different banking institutions (both local and international). The Company evaluates the credit standing of each counterparty and the levels of investment, based on (i) their credit rating, (ii) the equity size of the counterparty, and (iii) investment limits according to the Company’s level of liquidity. According to these three parameters, the Company chooses the most restrictive parameter of the previous three and based on this, establishes limits for operations with each counterparty.
The Company has no guarantees to mitigate this exposure.
Additionally, section 345(b) of the Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code imposes restrictions on, among other things, the institutions where the Debtors can hold their cash. In particular, it establishes that cash should be held in what are called Authorized Bank Depositories, which are US Banking Institutions that are accepted by the US Trustee Program of the US Department of Justice. Such Authorized Bank Depositories have generally agreed with the US Trustee Program to maintain collateral of no less than 115% of the aggregate funds on deposit (in excess of FDIC insurance limit) by (i) surety bond or (ii) US Treasury securities. Consequently, pursuant to Section 345(b), as implemented through an agreement with the Office of the United States Trustee, as of the year end the Company held the majority of its cash and equivalents in Banks in the US that are depositories authorized by Office of the United States Trustee for the Southern District of New York. Otherwise, the DIP Facility contains certain restrictions on new investments made by the Debtors during the term of the facility.
(ii) Operational activities
The Company has four large sales “clusters”: travel agencies, cargo agents, airlines and credit-card administrators. The first three are governed by International Air Transport Association, international (“IATA”) organization comprising most of the airlines that represent over 90% of scheduled commercial traffic and one of its main objectives is to regulate the financial transactions between airlines and travel agents and cargo. When an agency or airline does not pay their debt, they are excluded from operating with IATA’s member airlines. In the case of credit-card administrators, they are fully guaranteed by 100% by the issuing institutions.
Under certain of the Company’s credit card processing agreements, the financial institutions have the right to require that the Company maintain a reserve equal to a portion of advance ticket sales that have been processed by that financial institution, but for which the Company has not yet provided the air transportation. Additionally, the financial institutions have the ability to require additional collateral reserves or withhold payments related to receivables to be collected if increased risk is perceived related to liquidity covenants in these agreements or negative balances occur.
The exposure consists of the term granted, which fluctuates between 1 and 45 days.
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One of the tools the Company uses for reducing credit risk is to participate in global entities related to the industry, such as IATA, Business Sales Processing (“BSP”), Cargo Account Settlement Systems (“CASS”), IATA Clearing House (“ICH”) and banks (credit cards). These institutions fulfill the role of collectors and distributors between airlines and travel and cargo agencies. In the case of the Clearing House, it acts as an offsetting entity between airlines for the services provided between them. A reduction in term and implementation of guarantees has been achieved through these entities. Currently the sales invoicing of TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. related with travel agents and cargo agents for domestic transportation in Brazil is done directly by TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A.
Credit quality of financial assets
The external credit evaluation system used by the Company is provided by IATA. Internal systems are also used for particular evaluations or specific markets based on trade reports available on the local market. The internal classification system is complementary to the external one, i.e. for agencies or airlines not members of IATA, the internal demands are greater.
To reduce the credit risk associated with operational activities, the Company has established credit limits to abridge the exposure of their debtors which are monitored permanently (mainly in case of operational activities of TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. with travel agents). The bad-debt rate in the principal countries where the Company has a presence is insignificant.
(c) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk represents the risk that the Company does not have sufficient funds to pay its obligations.
Due to the cyclical nature of its business, the operation and investment needs, along with the need for financing, the Company requires liquid funds, defined as Cash and cash equivalents plus other short-term financial assets, to meet its payment obligations. On May 26, 2020, the Company and its subsidiaries in Chile, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador and the United States began a voluntary process of reorganization and restructuring of their debt under the protection of the Chapter 11 of the United States, to which on July 9, the Brazilian subsidiary and certain of its subsidiaries were included, in order to preserve the group’s liquidity. In light of the unprecedented impact COVID-19 has had on the global aviation industry, this reorganization process provides LATAM with the opportunity to work with the group’s creditors, and main stakeholders, to reduce its debt and obtain new sources of financing, providing the company with the tools to adapt the group to this new reality.
The balance of liquid funds, future cash generation and the ability to obtain financing, provides the Company with alternatives to meet future investment and financing commitments.
As of December 31, 2020, the balance of liquid funds is US$ 1,696 million (US $ 1,073 million as of December 31, 2019), which are invested in short-term instruments through financial entities with high-risk classification.
As of December 31, 2020, LATAM maintains a committed revolving credit facility (Revolving Credit Facility) for a total amount of US$ 600 million, which is fully drawn. This line is secured by and subject to the availability of collateral (i.e. aircraft, engines and spare parts).
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In order to preserve liquidity, the Company has implemented a series of measures. Among them, the Company proposed 50% salary reduction to the entire organization for the second quarter, which was accepted by more than 90% of the employees. For the third quarter, the salary reduction to the entire organization was between 20% and 25%, which also had an adhesion of more than 90% of the group’s employees, and for the fourth quarter a reduction of 15% was proposed, which also achieved high levels of adherence.
Finally, during the year 2020, the company has reduced its planned investments for 2020 by approximately US$ 698 million, mainly related to maintenance, given the lower operation, purchase of engines, investments in cabins and other projects, given the reduced operation. In addition, LATAM did not receive aircrafts that were previously committed to be delivered during 2020, which at the beginning of the year amounted to US$ 408 million.
After filing Chapter 11 protection, the company received authorization from the Bankruptcy Court for the “debtors in possession” (DIP) financing, in the form of a multi-draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to US$ 2,450 million. This facility consists of two tranches in which the following creditors participate:
1) A Tranche A, which is committed for up to US$ 1,300 million, out of which (i) US$ 1,125 million were be provided by Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. or certain entities related to it; and (ii) US$ 175 million were be provided by Knighthead, Jefferies and / or other entities that are part of the syndicate of creditors organized by Jefferies; and
2) A Tranche C for a capital amount of up to US$ 1,150 million, of which (i) US$ 750 million was provided by a certain group of LATAM’s shareholders composed by Grupo Cueto, Grupo Eblen and Qatar Airways, or certain related entities; (ii) US$ 250 million was provided by Knighthead, Jefferies and / or other entities that are part of the syndicate of creditors organized by Jefferies; and (iii) US$ 150 million which was committed by certain additional shareholder investors through a public investment fund managed by Toesca S.A. on November 6, 2020 through a joinder to the DIP Agreement.
In addition, this proposal contemplates a possible Tranche B for up to an additional US$ 750 million, subject to the authorization of the Court and other customary conditions for this type of operations.
On October 8, 2020, the first disbursement took place under the DIP Credit Agreement for a 50% of the total funds committed to that date, US$ 1,150 million. Pursuant to the terms of the DIP Agreement, the Debtors will be required to maintain consolidated liquidity of at least US$ 400 million, taking into consideration the undrawn portion of the DIP financing, and meet certain milestones with respect to the bankruptcy process).
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Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2020
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2 Chile.
More than | More than | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | Creditor country | Currency | Up to 90 days | 90 days to one year | one to three years | three to five years | More than five years | Total | Nominal value | Amortization | Effective rate | Nominal rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.018.000-1 | SCOTIABANK | Chile | US$ | 76,929 | - | - | - | - | 76,929 | 74,000 | At Expiration | 3.08 | 3.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | BANCO ESTADO | Chile | US$ | 41,543 | - | - | - | - | 41,543 | 40,000 | At Expiration | 3.49 | 3.49 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.645.030-K | ITAU | Chile | US$ | 20,685 | - | - | - | - | 20,685 | 20,000 | At Expiration | 4.20 | 4.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.951.000-4 | HSBC | Chile | US$ | 12,545 | - | - | - | - | 12,545 | 12,000 | At Expiration | 4.15 | 4.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.023.000-9 | CORP BANCA | Chile | UF | 11,631 | - | - | - | - | 11,631 | 11,255 | Quarterly | 3.35 | 3.35 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SANTANDER | Spain | US$ | 3,323 | 2,678 | 139,459 | - | - | 145,460 | 139,459 | Quarterly | 2.80 | 2.80 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.362.099-9 | BTG | Chile | UF | 2,104 | 68,920 | - | - | - | 71,024 | 67,868 | At Expiration | 3.10 | 3.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with the public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | BANCO ESTADO | Chile | UF | 23,210 | 26,857 | 217,555 | 35,041 | 429,101 | 731,764 | 560,113 | At Expiration | 4.81 | 4.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANK OF NEW YORK | U.S.A. | US$ | 80,063 | 76,125 | 208,250 | 836,063 | 828,000 | 2,028,501 | 1,500,000 | At Expiration | 7.16 | 6.94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 50,500 | 40,889 | 104,166 | 107,342 | 219,666 | 522,563 | 474,273 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 2.95 | 2.95 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 47,918 | 37,509 | 84,048 | 84,487 | 35,712 | 289,674 | 271,129 | Quarterly | 3.11 | 3.11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | INVESTEC | England | US$ | 11,502 | 9,425 | 21,042 | - | - | 41,969 | 37,870 | Semiannual | 6.21 | 6.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 37,114 | 28,497 | 77,881 | 80,678 | 194,901 | 419,071 | 382,413 | Quarterly | 2.88 | 2.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SMBC | U.S.A. | US$ | 131,345 | - | - | - | 131,345 | 130,000 | At Expiration | 1.73 | 1.73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 1,347 | 275,773 | - | - | - | 277,120 | 273,199 | At Expiration | 1.92 | 1.92 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 87,611 | 74,852 | 119,460 | 19,950 | - | 301,873 | 291,519 | Quarterly | 2.67 | 2.67 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 3,405 | 10,404 | 603,443 | - | - | 617,252 | 600,000 | At Expiration | 2.27 | 2.27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANK OF UTAH | U.S.A. | US$ | - | - | 952,990 | - | - | 952,990 | 793,003 | At Expiration | 22.19 | 13.19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial lease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | ING | U.S.A. | US$ | 5,965 | - | - | - | - | 5,965 | 5,965 | Quarterly | 5.71 | 5.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 13,889 | 2,057 | 2,062 | - | - | 18,008 | 17,961 | Quarterly | 1.99 | 1.54 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 79,117 | 61,983 | 118,372 | 46,115 | 19,118 | 324,705 | 312,792 | Quarterly | 2.58 | 1.77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PEFCO | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,926 | - | - | - | - | 1,926 | 1,926 | Quarterly | 5.65 | 5.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 14,851 | 2,343 | 793 | - | - | 17,987 | 17,951 | Quarterly | 1.81 | 1.41 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WELLS FARGO | U.S.A. | US$ | 114,952 | 104,946 | 237,945 | 99,232 | - | 557,075 | 541,406 | Quarterly | 2.43 | 1.74 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.036.000-K | SANTANDER | Chile | US$ | 21,551 | 17,851 | 26,308 | - | - | 65,710 | 65,247 | Quarterly | 1.30 | 0.76 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | RRPF ENGINE LEASING | England | US$ | 4,093 | 3,382 | 8,826 | 4,870 | - | 21,171 | 18,489 | Monthly | 4.01 | 4.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | APPLE BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 4,589 | 4,763 | 12,977 | 755 | - | 23,084 | 22,730 | Quarterly | 1.61 | 1.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BTMU | U.S.A. | US$ | 11,620 | 9,647 | 26,261 | 770 | - | 48,298 | 47,609 | Quarterly | 1.63 | 1.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | US BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 60,527 | 54,611 | 144,670 | 86,076 | - | 345,884 | 327,419 | Quarterly | 4.00 | 2.82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PK AIRFINANCE | U.S.A. | US$ | 4,624 | 12,202 | 3,153 | - | 19,979 | 19,522 | Monthly | 1.98 | 1.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TOTAL | 980,479 | 925,714 | 3,109,661 | 1,401,379 | 1,726,498 | 8,143,731 | 7,077,118 |
(*) | Oblligation are presented according original contractual condition and do not considered any Chapter 11 resolution. See detail on Note 19. |
F-51
Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2020
Debtor: TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 02.012.862/0001-60, Brazil.
More than | More than | More than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | Nominal | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | Total | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NCM | Netherlands | US$ | 452 | 497 | 61 | - | - | 1,010 | 943 | Monthly | 6.01 | 6.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANCO BRADESCO | Brazil | BRL | 91,672 | - | - | - | - | 91,672 | 80,175 | Monthly | 4.34 | 4.33 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANCO DO BRASIL | Brazil | BRL | 208,987 | - | - | - | - | 208,987 | 199,557 | Monthly | 3.95 | 3.95 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 31,482 | 9,276 | 42,383 | - | - | 83,141 | 81,260 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 4.09 | 4.09 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WAC AP OU LEASING S.A. | Luxembourg | US$ | 2,460 | 2,442 | 25 | - | - | 4,927 | 4,759 | Quarterly | 2.00 | 2.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE MILAN BRANCH | Italy | US$ | 134,919 | - | - | - | - | 134,919 | 144,120 | Quarterly | 3.07 | 3.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | GA TELESIS LLC | U.S.A. | US$ | 758 | 1,753 | 4,675 | 4,675 | 7,969 | 19,830 | 12,261 | Monthly | 14.72 | 14.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TOTAL | 470,730 | 13,968 | 47,144 | 4,675 | 7,969 | 544,486 | 523,075 |
(*) | Oblligation are presented according original contractual condition and do not considered any Chapter 11 resolution. See detail on Note 19. |
F-52
Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2020
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2, Chile.
More than | More than | More than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | Nominal | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | Total | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lease Liability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | AIRCRAFT | OTHERS | US$ | 226,510 | 679,529 | 877,438 | 812,821 | 889,072 | 3,485,370 | 3,026,573 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | OTHER ASSETS | OTHERS | US$ | 3,403 | 9,953 | 6,706 | 18,271 | 6,349 | 44,682 | 46,520 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UF | 2,103 | 5,836 | 1,072 | 1,973 | 2,485 | 13,469 | 11,401 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
COP | 22 | 7 | 14 | - | - | 43 | 48 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EUR | 156 | 443 | 188 | - | - | 787 | 772 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PEN | 29 | 15 | 49 | - | - | 93 | 137 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | 1,002 | 3,891 | 14,414 | - | - | 19,307 | 35,555 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other accounts payables | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | OTHERS | OTHERS | US$ | 330,172 | 47,781 | - | - | 377,953 | 377,953 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CLP | 230,997 | 119,337 | - | - | 350,334 | 350,334 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | 359,350 | 5,859 | - | - | 365,209 | 365,209 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other currency | 598,619 | 65,684 | - | - | 664,303 | 664,303 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable to related parties currents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Delta Airlines | U.S.A | US$ | 805 | - | - | - | 805 | 805 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Patagonia Seafarms INC | U.S.A | CLP | 7 | - | - | - | 7 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.810.370-9 | Inversiones Costa Verde Ltda. y CPA. | Chile | CLP | - | - | 105,713 | - | 105,713 | 105,713 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments Ltd | Jersey Channel Islands | US$ | - | - | 132,141 | - | 132,141 | 132,141 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments 2 Ltd | Jersey Channel Islands | US$ | - | - | 132,141 | - | 132,141 | 132,141 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Lozuy S.A. | Uruguay | US$ | - | - | 26,428 | - | - | 26,428 | 26,428 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 1,753,175 | 938,335 | 1,296,304 | 833,065 | 897,906 | 5,718,785 | 5,276,040 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total consolidated | 3,204,384 | 1,878,017 | 4,453,109 | 2,239,119 | 2,632,373 | 14,407,002 | 12,876,233 |
F-53
Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2019
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2 Chile.
Up to | More than 90 days | More than one to | More than three to | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | Nominal | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | Total | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.032.000-8 | BBVA | Chile | US$ | 24,387 | 76,256 | - | - | - | 100,643 | 99,000 | At Expiration | 3.29 | 3.29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.003.000-K | BANCO DO BRASIL | Chile | US$ | 151,489 | 50,758 | - | - | - | 202,247 | 200,000 | At Expiration | 2.93 | 2.93 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.100.458-1 | HSBC | Chile | US$ | 12,098 | - | - | - | - | 12,098 | 12,000 | At Expiration | 3.25 | 3.25 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.100.458-1 | BLADEX | Chile | US$ | - | 29,277 | - | - | - | 29,277 | 29,000 | At Expiration | 2.82 | 2.82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.023.000-9 | CORP BANCA | Chile | UF | 5,336 | 10,544 | - | - | - | 15,880 | 15,615 | Quarterly | 3.35 | 3.35 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.362.099-9 | BTG PACTUAL CHILE | Chile | UF | 484 | 1,451 | 63,872 | - | - | 65,807 | 62,769 | At Expiration | 3.10 | 3.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SANTANDER | Spain | US$ | 1,514 | 4,809 | 141,719 | - | - | 148,042 | 137,860 | Quarterly | 3.62 | 4.61 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with the public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | BANCO ESTADO | Chile | UF | - | 24,702 | 208,681 | 32,228 | 410,774 | 676,385 | 518,032 | At Expiration | 4.81 | 4.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANK OF NEW YORK | U.S.A. | US$ | 28,000 | 76,125 | 208,250 | 884,188 | 884,000 | 2,080,563 | 1,500,000 | At Expiration | 7.16 | 6.94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 11,657 | 50,428 | 124,106 | 124,167 | 302,092 | 612,450 | 513,941 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 3.81 | 3.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY | U.S.A. | US$ | 31,733 | 94,096 | 244,836 | 237,815 | 438,659 | 1,047,139 | 866,223 | Quarterly | 4.45 | 4.45 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 5,765 | 17,296 | 46,120 | 46,117 | 42,175 | 157,473 | 143,475 | Quarterly | 3.76 | 2.68 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 13,365 | 40,159 | 99,556 | 86,984 | 79,724 | 319,788 | 282,906 | Quarterly | 3.82 | 3.82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 5,552 | 27,068 | 73,726 | 73,914 | 209,621 | 389,881 | 322,660 | Quarterly | 3.43 | 3.43 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | INVESTEC | England | US$ | 1,980 | 11,164 | 26,153 | 11,071 | - | 50,368 | 44,087 | Semiannual | 6.35 | 6.35 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 2,326 | 6,740 | 260,259 | - | - | 269,325 | 253,692 | At Expiration | 3.74 | 3.74 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 26,607 | 78,955 | 198,783 | 46,131 | - | 350,476 | 328,023 | Quarterly | 3.54 | 3.54 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial lease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | ING | U.S.A. | US$ | 4,025 | 8,108 | - | - | - | 12,133 | 11,806 | Quarterly | 5.71 | 5.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 4,994 | 15,026 | 6,671 | - | - | 26,691 | 26,091 | Quarterly | 3.15 | 2.52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 19,412 | 56,148 | 117,881 | 16,653 | - | 210,094 | 200,907 | Quarterly | 3.39 | 2.80 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PEFCO | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,950 | 1,950 | - | - | - | 3,900 | 3,827 | Quarterly | 5.65 | 5.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 9,353 | 25,211 | 28,663 | 22,502 | 10,354 | 96,083 | 87,729 | Quarterly | 3.85 | 3.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WELLS FARGO | U.S.A. | US$ | 35,251 | 105,691 | 261,181 | 203,232 | 14,382 | 619,737 | 591,684 | Quarterly | 2.67 | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.036.000-K | SANTANDER | Chile | US$ | 6,145 | 18,394 | 47,911 | 3,158 | - | 75,608 | 72,551 | Quarterly | 3.00 | 2.46 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | RRPF ENGINE | England | US$ | 1,152 | 3,432 | 8,967 | 8,679 | 568 | 22,798 | 19,643 | Monthly | 4.01 | 4.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | APPLE BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,661 | 4,977 | 13,259 | 7,380 | - | 27,277 | 25,708 | Quarterly | 3.33 | 2.73 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BTMU | U.S.A. | US$ | 3,367 | 10,081 | 26,827 | 14,153 | - | 54,428 | 51,340 | Quarterly | 3.33 | 2.73 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 759 | 2,299 | 2,330 | - | - | 5,388 | 5,154 | Quarterly | 4.41 | 4.41 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | KFW IP EX-BANK | Germany | US$ | 1,804 | 3,607 | - | - | - | 5,411 | 5,328 | Quarterly | 3.55 | 3.55 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | AIRBUS FINANCIAL | U.S.A. | US$ | 2,038 | 5,746 | - | - | - | 7,784 | 7,664 | Monthly | 3.31 | 3.31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | US BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 18,328 | 54,864 | 145,364 | 140,555 | 17,681 | 376,792 | 349,127 | Quarterly | 4.01 | 2.82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PK AIRFINANCE | U.S.A. | US$ | 2,652 | 8,136 | 18,194 | - | - | 28,982 | 28,087 | Monthly | 3.45 | 3.45 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK (*) | U.S.A. | US$ | 26,111 | 78,742 | - | - | - | 104,853 | 101,026 | Quarterly | 6.00 | 6.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge derivative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | OTHERS | - | US$ | - | 11,582 | 18,641 | 13,530 | - | 43,753 | 16,972 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 461,295 | 1,013,822 | 2,391,950 | 1,972,457 | 2,410,030 | 8,249,554 | 6,933,927 |
(*) | Bonus securitized with the future flows of credit card sales in the United States and Canada, through the Guanay Finance Limited company. |
F-54
Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2019
Debtor: TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 02.012.862/0001-60, Brazil.
More than | More than | More than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | Nominal | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | Total | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NCM | Netherlands | US$ | 173 | 499 | 722 | - | - | 1,394 | 1,289 | Monthly | 6.01 | 6.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 4,140 | 7,965 | 77,028 | - | - | 89,133 | 86,256 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 6.29 | 6.29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WACAP OULEASING S.A. | Luxembourg | US$ | 835 | 2,450 | 3,277 | - | - | 6,562 | 6,280 | Quarterly | 4.32 | 4.32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE MILAN BRANCH | Italy | US$ | 11,286 | 151,047 | - | - | - | 162,333 | 169,931 | Quarterly | 5.39 | 5.39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | GA Teles is LLC | U.S.A. | US$ | 677 | 1,753 | 4,675 | 4,675 | 10,480 | 22,260 | 13,495 | Monthly | 14.72 | 14.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 17,111 | 163,714 | 85,702 | 4,675 | 10,480 | 281,682 | 277,251 |
F-55
Class of liability for the analysis of liquidity risk ordered by date of maturity as of December 31, 2019
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2, Chile.
More than | More than | More than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Annual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | Nominal | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | Total | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lease Liability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | AIRCRAFT | OTHERS | US$ | 146,036 | 417,929 | 1,002,564 | 877,353 | 1,357,910 | 3,801,792 | 3,042,231 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | OTHER ASSETS | OTHERS | US$ | 3,017 | 8,649 | 21,381 | 19,815 | 16,314 | 69,176 | 53,931 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CLP | 160 | 478 | 531 | - | - | 1,169 | 1,195 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UF | 2,713 | 4,736 | 5,789 | 1,373 | 2,956 | 17,567 | 17,145 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
COP | 71 | 161 | 37 | 2 | - | 271 | 259 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EUR | 163 | 387 | 592 | 122 | - | 1,264 | 1,175 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GBP | 16 | 10 | - | - | - | 26 | 24 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MXN | 37 | 93 | 245 | 10 | - | 385 | 359 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PEN | 95 | 129 | 83 | 16 | - | 323 | 306 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other currencies | 2,770 | 8,370 | 8,508 | 43,104 | - | 62,752 | 55,532 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other accounts payables | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | OTHERS | OTHERS | US$ | 371,527 | 13,993 | - | - | - | 385,520 | 385,520 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CLP | 220,383 | 905 | - | - | - | 221,288 | 221,288 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | 486,082 | 320 | - | - | - | 486,402 | 486,402 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other currencies | 576,378 | 1,716 | - | - | - | 578,094 | 578,094 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable to related parties currents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
78.591.370-1 | Bethia S.A. y Filiales | Chile | CLP | 53 | - | - | - | - | 53 | 53 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Patagonia Seafarms INC | U.S.A. | CLP | 3 | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 1,809,504 | 457,876 | 1,039,730 | 941,795 | 1,377,180 | 5,626,085 | 4,843,517 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total consolidated | 2,287,910 | 1,635,412 | 3,517,382 | 2,918,927 | 3,797,690 | 14,157,321 | 12,054,695 |
F-56
The Company has fuel, interest rate and exchange rate hedging strategies involving derivatives contracts with different financial institutions.
At the end of 2019, the Company had delivered US$ 2.37 million in guarantees for derivative margins, corresponding to cash and standby letters of credit. As of December 31, 2020, the Company maintains guarantees for US $ 0.6 million corresponding to derivative transactions. The decrease was due to: i) the expiration of hedge contracts, ii) acquisition of new hedge contracts, and iii) changes in fuel prices, changes in exchange rates and interest rates.
3.2. | Capital risk management |
The objectives of the Company, in relation to capital management are: (i) to meet the minimum equity requirements and (ii) to maintain an optimal capital structure.
The Company monitors contractual obligations and regulatory requirements in the different countries where the group’s companies are domiciled to ensure faithful compliance with the minimum equity requirement, the most restrictive limit of which is to maintain positive liquid equity.
Additionally, the Company periodically monitors the short and long term cash flow projections to ensure that it has sufficient cash generation alternatives to meet future investment and financing commitments.
The international credit rating of the Company is the result of the ability to meet long-term financial commitments. As of December 31, 2020, and as a consequence of the expected decline in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Company’s filing for voluntary protection under the U.S. Chapter 11 reorganization statute, Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s y Fitch Ratings withdrew their credit ratings for LATAM
3.3. | Estimates of fair value. |
At December 31, 2020, the Company maintained financial instruments that should be recorded at fair value. These are grouped into two categories:
1. | Hedge Instruments: |
This category includes the following instruments:
- | Interest rate derivative contracts, |
- | Fuel derivative contracts, |
- | Currency derivative contracts. |
2. | Financial Investments: |
This category includes the following instruments:
- | Investments in short-term Mutual Funds (cash equivalent) |
- | Private investment funds. |
F-57
The Company has classified the fair value measurement using a hierarchy that reflects the level of information used in the assessment. This hierarchy consists of 3 levels (I) fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, (II) fair value calculated through valuation methods based on inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) and (III) fair value based on inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data.
The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets, such as investments acquired for trading, is based on quoted market prices at the close of the period using the current price of the buyer. The fair value of financial assets not traded in active markets (derivative contracts) is determined using valuation techniques that maximize use of available market information. Valuation techniques generally used by the Company are quoted market prices of similar instruments and / or estimating the present value of future cash flows using forward price curves of the market at period end.
The following table shows the classification of financial instruments at fair value, depending on the level of information used in the assessment:
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value measurements using values | Fair value measurements using values | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
considered as | considered as | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value | Level I | Level II | Level III | Fair value | Level I | Level II | Level III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 32,782 | 32,782 | - | - | 222,094 | 222,094 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term mutual funds | 32,782 | 32,782 | - | - | 222,094 | 222,094 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets, current | 4,097 | 366 | 3,731 | - | 471,797 | 386,688 | 85,109 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value interest rate derivatives | - | - | - | - | 27,044 | - | 27,044 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of fuel derivatives | 1,296 | - | 1,296 | - | 48,542 | - | 48,044 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of foreign currency derivative | - | - | - | - | 586 | - | 586 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued interest since the last payment date Swap of currencies | - | - | - | - | 3 | - | 3 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private investment funds | 348 | 348 | - | - | 386,669 | 386,669 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificate of Deposit (CBD) | 2,435 | - | 2,435 | - | 8,934 | - | 8,934 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic and foreign bonds | 18 | 18 | - | - | 19 | 19 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, current | 5,671 | - | 5,671 | - | 50,372 | - | 50,372 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of interest rate derivatives | 2,734 | - | 2,734 | - | 302 | - | 302 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of foreign currency derivatives | - | - | - | - | 48,347 | - | 48,347 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest accrued since the last payment date of Currency Swap | - | - | - | - | 1,723 | - | 1,723 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency derivative not registered as hedge accounting | 2,937 | - | 2,937 | - | - | - | - | - |
F-58
Additionally, at December 31, 2020, the Company has financial instruments which are not recorded at fair value. In order to meet the disclosure requirements of fair values, the Company has valued these instruments as shown in the table below:
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||
Book | Fair | Book | Fair | |||||||||||||
value | value | value | value | |||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,663,059 | 1,663,059 | 850,486 | 850,486 | ||||||||||||
Cash on hand | 4,277 | 4,277 | 4,982 | 4,982 | ||||||||||||
Bank balance | 732,578 | 732,578 | 329,633 | 329,633 | ||||||||||||
Overnight | 802,220 | 802,220 | 350,080 | 350,080 | ||||||||||||
Time deposits | 123,984 | 123,894 | 165,791 | 165,791 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, current | 46,153 | 46,153 | 27,707 | 27,707 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets | 46,153 | 46,153 | 27,707 | 27,707 | ||||||||||||
Trade debtors, other accounts receivable and Current accounts receivable | 599,180 | 599,180 | 1,244,348 | 1,244,348 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable from entities related, current | 158 | 158 | 19,645 | 19,645 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, not current | 33,140 | 33,140 | 46,907 | 46,907 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, non-current | 4,986 | 4,986 | 4,725 | 4,725 | ||||||||||||
Other current financial liabilities | 3,050,059 | 2,995,768 | 1,835,288 | 2,019,068 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable for trade and other accounts payable, current | 2,322,961 | 2,322,961 | 2,222,874 | 2,222,874 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable to entities related, current | 812 | 812 | 56 | 56 | ||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, not current | 7,803,801 | 6,509,081 | 8,530,418 | 8,846,418 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable, not current | 651,600 | 651,600 | 619,110 | 619,110 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable to entities related, non-current | 396,423 | 410,706 | - | - |
The book values of accounts receivable and payable are assumed to approximate their fair values, due to their short-term nature. In the case of cash on hand, bank balances, overnight, time deposits and accounts payable, non-current, fair value approximates their carrying values.
The fair value of other financial liabilities is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rate for similar financial instruments (Level II). In the case of Other financial assets, the valuation was performed according to market prices at period end. The book value of Other financial liabilities, current or non-current, do not include lease liabilities.
F-59
NOTE 4 - ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS
The Company has used estimates to value and record some of the assets, liabilities, income, expenses and commitments. Basically, these estimates refer to:
(a) Evaluation of possible losses due to impairment of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life
Management conducts an impairment test annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate potential impairment. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the cash generating unit (CGU) exceeds its recoverable amount.
Management’s value-in-use calculations included significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates, exchange rate, discount rate, inflation rates, fuel price. The estimation of these assumptions requires significant judgment by the management, as these variables feature inherent uncertainty; however, the assumptions used are consistent with Company’s forecasts approved by management. Therefore, management evaluates and updates the estimates as necessary, in light of conditions that affect these variables. The main assumptions used as well as the corresponding sensitivity analyses are showed in Note 16.
(b) Useful life, residual value, and impairment of property, plant, and equipment
The depreciation of assets is calculated based on the linear model, except for certain technical components depreciated on cycles and hours flown. These useful lives are reviewed on an annual basis according with the Company’s future economic benefits associated with them.
Changes in circumstances such as: technological advances, business model, planned use of assets or capital strategy may render the useful life different to the lifespan estimated. When it is determined that the useful life of property, plant, and equipment must be reduced, as may occur in line with changes in planned usage of assets, the difference between the net book value and estimated recoverable value is depreciated, in accordance with the revised remaining useful life.
The residual values are estimated according to the market value that said assets will have at the end of their life. The residual value and useful life of the assets are reviewed, and adjusted if necessary, once a year. When the value of an asset is greater than its estimated recoverable amount, its value is immediately reduced to its recoverable amount.
The Company has concluded that the Properties, Plant and Equipment cannot generate cash inflows to a large extent independent of other assets, therefore the impairment assessment is made as an integral part of the only Cash Generating Unit maintained by the Company, Air Transport. The Company checks when there are signs of impairment, whether the assets have suffered any impairment losses at the Cash Generated Unit level.
(c) Recoverability of deferred tax assets
Management records deferred taxes on the temporary differences that arise between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets on tax losses are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future tax benefits will be available to offset temporary differences.
F-60
The Company applies significant judgment in evaluating the recoverability of deferred tax assets. In determining the amounts of the deferred tax asset to be accounted for, management considers historical profitability, projected future taxable income (considering assumptions such as: growth rate, exchange rate, discount rate, fuel price online with those used in the impairment analysis of the group’s cash-generating unit) and the expected timing of reversals of existing temporary differences.
(d) Air tickets sold that will not be finally used.
The Company records the sale of air tickets as deferred income. Ordinary income from the sale of tickets is recognized in the income statement when the passenger transport service is provided or expired for non-use. The Company evaluates monthly the probability of expiration of air tickets, with return clauses, based on the history of use of air tickets. A change in this probability could generate an impact on revenue in the year in which the change occurs and in future years.
In effect and due to the worldwide contingency of the COVID 19 pandemic, the company has established new commercial policies with clients regarding the validity of air tickets, making it easier to use in flight, reissue and return.
Under this new scenario, in the year 2020 no income for expiration ticket’s revenue were recorded, which in a normal scenario would have amounted to approximately ThUS $ 70,000.
As of December 31, 2020, deferred income associated with air tickets sold amounted to ThUS $ 904,558 (ThUS $ 1,511,179 as of December 31, 2019).
(e) Valuation of miles and points awarded to holders of loyalty programs, pending use.
As of December 31, 2020, the deferred income associated with the LATAM Pass loyalty program amounts to ThUS $ 1,365,534 (ThUS $ 1,332,173 as of December 31, 2019). A hypothetical change of one percentage point in the probability of swaps would translate into an impact of ThUS $ 24,425 in the results as of 2020 (ThUS $ 30,506 in the results as of 2019). The deferred income associated with the LATAM Pass Brasil loyalty program (See Note 22) amounts to ThUS $ 187,493 as of December 31, 2020 (ThUS $ 354,847 as of December 31, 2019). A hypothetical change of two percentage points in exchange probability would translate into an impact of ThUS $ 2,950 in the results as of 2020 (ThUS $ 3,150 in the results as of 2019).
Management used statistical models to estimate the miles and point awarded that will not be redeemed, by the programs members (breakage) which involved significant judgments and assumptions relating the historical redemption and expiration activity and forecasted redemption and expiration patterns.
For the LATAM Pass Brasil loyalty program, expiration occurs after a fixed period of time from accumulation, the model is built by the administration considering historical expiration rates, exchange behaviors and relevant segmentations.
For LATAM Pass there are rules that allow members to renew their miles, so the management in conjunction with an external specialist develop a predictive model of non-use miles, which allows to generate non-use rates on the basis of historical information, based on behavior of the accumulation, use and expiration of the miles.
F-61
(f) Provisions needs, and their valuation when required
In the case of known contingencies, the Company records a provision when it has a present obligation, whether legal or implicit, as a result of past events, it is likely that an outflow of resources will be necessary to settle the obligation and the amount is has reliably estimated. Based on available information, the Company uses the knowledge, experience and professional judgment, to the specific characteristics of the known risks. This process facilitates the early assessment and quantification of potential risks in individual cases or in the development of contingent matters.
Company recognized as the present obligation under an onerous contract as a provision when a contract under which the unavoidable costs of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it.
(g) Leases
(i) Discount rate
The discount rate used to calculate the lease debt corresponds, for each aircraft, to the implicit interest rate calculated by the contractual elements and residual market values. The implicit rate of the contract is the discount rate that gives the aggregate present value of the minimum lease payments and the unguaranteed residual value.
For assets other than aircraft, the estimated lessee’s incremental loan rate was used, which is derived from the information available on the lease commencement date, to determine the present value of the lease payments. We consider our recent debt issues, as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics when calculating our incremental borrowing rates.
A decrease of one percentage point in our estimate of the rates used as of January 1, 2019 (the date of adoption of the standard) would increase the lease liability by approximately ThUS $ 105 million.
(ii) Lease term
In determining the term of the lease, all the facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to exercise an extension option are considered. Extension options (or periods after termination options) are only included in the term of the lease if you are reasonably certain that the lease will be extended (or not terminated). This is reviewed if a significant event or significant change in circumstances occurs that affects this assessment and is within the control of the lessee.
(h) Investment in subsidiary (TAM)
The management has applied its judgment in determining that LATAM Airlines Group S.A. controls TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries, for accounting purposes, and has therefore consolidated the financial statements.
F-62
The grounds for this decision are that LATAM issued ordinary shares in exchange for the majority of circulating ordinary and preferential shares in TAM, except for those TAM shareholders who did not accept the exchange, which were subject to a squeeze out, entitling LATAM to substantially all economic benefits generated by the LATAM Group, and thus exposing it to substantially all risks relating to the operations of TAM. This exchange aligns the economic interests of LATAM and all of its shareholders, including the controlling shareholders of TAM, thus ensuring that the shareholders and directors of TAM shall have no incentive to exercise their rights in a manner that would be beneficial to TAM but detrimental to LATAM. Furthermore, all significant actions necessary of the operation of the airlines require votes in favor by the controlling shareholders of both LATAM and TAM.
Since the integration of LAN and TAM operations, the most critical airline operations in Brazil have been managed by the CEO of TAM while global activities have been managed by the CEO of LATAM, who is in charge of the operation of the LATAM Group as a whole and reports to the LATAM Board.
The CEO of LATAM also evaluates the performance of LATAM Group executives and, together with the LATAM Board, determines compensation. Although Brazilian law currently imposes restrictions on the percentages of voting rights that may be held by foreign investors, LATAM believes that the economic basis of these agreements meets the requirements of accounting standards in force, and that the consolidation of the operations of LAN and LATAM is appropriate.
These estimates were made based on the best information available relating to the matters analyzed.
In any case, it is possible that events that may take place in the future could lead to their modification in future reporting periods, which would be made in a prospective manner.
F-63
NOTE 5 - SEGMENTAL INFORMATION
As of December 31, 2020, the Company considers that it has a single operating segment, Air Transport. This segment corresponds to the route network for air transport and is based on the way in which the business is managed, according to the centralized nature of its operations, the ability to open and close routes, as well as reassignment (airplanes, crew, personnel, etc.) within the network, which implies a functional interrelation between all of them, making them inseparable. This segment definition is one of the most common in the worldwide airline industry.
The Company’s revenues by geographic area are as follows:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
At December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Peru | 297,549 | 801,965 | 705,133 | |||||||||
Argentina | 172,229 | 584,959 | 989,883 | |||||||||
U.S.A. | 505,145 | 1,004,238 | 985,919 | |||||||||
Europe | 338,565 | 726,165 | 782,197 | |||||||||
Colombia | 177,007 | 380,449 | 372,794 | |||||||||
Brazil | 1,304,006 | 3,949,797 | 3,433,877 | |||||||||
Ecuador | 112,581 | 203,334 | 203,842 | |||||||||
Chile | 638,225 | 1,546,960 | 1,591,313 | |||||||||
Asia Pacific and rest of Latin America | 378,360 | 872,196 | 830,498 | |||||||||
Income from ordinary activities | 3,923,667 | 10,070,063 | 9,895,456 | |||||||||
Other operating income | 411,002 | 360,864 | 472,758 |
The Company allocates revenues by geographic area based on the point of sale of the passenger ticket or cargo. Assets are composed primarily of aircraft and aeronautical equipment, which are used throughout the different countries, so it is not possible to assign a geographic area.
The Company has no customers that individually represent more than 10% of sales.
F-64
NOTE 6 - CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Cash on hand | 4,277 | 4,982 | ||||||
Bank balances | 732,578 | 329,632 | ||||||
Overnight | 802,220 | 350,080 | ||||||
Total Cash | 1,539,075 | 684,694 | ||||||
Cash equivalents | ||||||||
Time deposits | 123,984 | 165,791 | ||||||
Mutual funds | 32,782 | 222,094 | ||||||
Total cash equivalents | 156,766 | 387,885 | ||||||
Total cash and cash equivalents | 1,695,841 | 1,072,579 |
Balance include Cash and Cash equivalent from the Group’s Companies that file for Chapter 11. Due to a motion approved by the US bankruptcy court these balance can only be used on normal course of business activities and invested on specific banks also approved on the motion.
Cash and cash equivalents are denominated in the following currencies:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Currency | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Argentine peso | 20,107 | 16,579 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 136,938 | 197,354 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 32,649 | 50,521 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 17,185 | 48,191 | ||||||
Euro | 10,361 | 21,927 | ||||||
US Dollar | 1,438,846 | 667,785 | ||||||
Other currencies | 39,755 | 70,222 | ||||||
Total | 1,695,841 | 1,072,579 |
F-65
NOTE 7 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial instruments by category
As of December 31, 2020
Measured at | At fair value | |||||||||||||||
amortized | with changes | Hedge | ||||||||||||||
Assets | cost | in results | derivatives | Total | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,663,059 | 32,782 | - | 1,695,841 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, current (*) | 48,605 | 348 | 1,297 | 50,250 | ||||||||||||
Trade and others accounts receivable, current | 599,381 | - | - | 599,381 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities, current | 158 | - | - | 158 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, non current | 33,140 | - | - | 33,140 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, non current | 4,986 | - | - | 4,986 | ||||||||||||
Total | 2,349,329 | 33,130 | 1,297 | 2,383,756 | ||||||||||||
Measured at | At fair value | |||||||||||||||
amortized | with changes | Hedge | ||||||||||||||
Liabilities | cost | in results | derivatives | Total | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, current | 3,050,059 | 2,937 | 2,734 | 3,055,730 | ||||||||||||
Trade and others accounts payable, current | 2,322,125 | - | - | 2,322,125 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable to related entities, current | 812 | - | - | 812 | ||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, non-current | 7,803,801 | - | - | 7,803,801 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable, non-current | 651,600 | - | - | 651,600 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable to related entities, non-current | 396,423 | - | - | 396,423 | ||||||||||||
Total | 14,224,820 | 2,937 | 2,734 | 14,230,491 |
(*) | The value presented as fair value with changes in the result, corresponds mainly to private investment funds; and as measured at amortized cost correspond to guarantees delivered. |
F-66
As of December 31, 2019
Measured at | At fair value | |||||||||||||||
amortized | with changes | Hedge | ||||||||||||||
Assets | cost | in results | derivatives | Total | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 850,485 | 222,094 | - | 1,072,579 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, current (*) | 36,660 | 386,669 | 76,175 | 499,504 | ||||||||||||
Trade and others accounts receivable, current | 1,244,348 | - | - | 1,244,348 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities, current | 19,645 | - | - | 19,645 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets, non current | 46,907 | - | - | 46,907 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, non current | 4,725 | - | - | 4,725 | ||||||||||||
Total | 2,202,770 | 608,763 | 76,175 | 2,887,708 |
Measured at | ||||||||||||
amortized | Hedge | |||||||||||
Liabilities | cost | derivatives | Total | |||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, current | 1,835,288 | 50,372 | 1,885,660 | |||||||||
Trade and others accounts payable, current accounts payables, current | 2,222,874 | - | 2,222,874 | |||||||||
Accounts payable to related entities, current | 56 | - | 56 | |||||||||
Other financial liabilities, non current | 8,530,396 | 22 | 8,530,418 | |||||||||
Accounts payable, non-current | 619,110 | - | 619,110 | |||||||||
Total | 13,207,724 | 50,394 | 13,258,118 |
(*) | The value presented as initial designation as fair value through profit and loss, corresponds mainly to private investment funds; and as measured at amortized cost they correspond to the guarantees granted |
.
F-67
NOTE 8 - TRADE AND OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE CURRENT, AND NON- CURRENT ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 532,106 | 1,073,599 | ||||||
Other accounts receivable | 194,454 | 275,876 | ||||||
Total trade and other accounts receivable | 726,560 | 1,349,475 | ||||||
Less: Expected credit loss | (122,193 | ) | (100,402 | ) | ||||
Total net trade and accounts receivable | 604,367 | 1,249,073 | ||||||
Less: non-current portion – accounts receivable | (4,986 | ) | (4,725 | ) | ||||
Trade and other accounts receivable, current | 599,381 | 1,244,348 |
The fair value of trade and other accounts receivable does not differ significantly from the book value.
To determine the expected credit losses, the Company groups accounts receivable for passenger and cargo transportation; depending on the characteristics of shared credit risk and maturity.
As of December 31, 2020 | As December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected | Gross book | Impairment loss | Expected | Gross book | Impairment loss | |||||||||||||||||||
Portfolio maturity | loss rate (1) | value (2) | Provision | loss rate (1) | value (2) | Provision | ||||||||||||||||||
% | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Up to date | 4 | % | 302,079 | (11,112 | ) | 2 | % | 875,889 | (16,433 | ) | ||||||||||||||
From 1 to 90 days | 4 | % | 103,615 | (4,049 | ) | 8 | % | 56,537 | (4,253 | ) | ||||||||||||||
From 91 to 180 days | 66 | % | 15,989 | (10,501 | ) | 28 | % | 16,922 | (4,747 | ) | ||||||||||||||
From 181 to 360 days | 80 | % | 40,621 | (32,627 | ) | 39 | % | 47,865 | (18,459 | ) | ||||||||||||||
more of 360 days | 92 | % | 69,802 | (63,904 | ) | 74 | % | 76,386 | (56,510 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total | 23 | % | 532,106 | (122,193 | ) | 9 | % | 1,073,599 | (100,402 | ) |
(1) Corresponds to the consolidated expected rate of accounts receivable.
(2) The gross book value represents the maximum credit risk value of trade accounts receivables.
F-68
Currency balances composition of the Trade and other accounts receivable and non-current accounts receivable are as follow:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Currency | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Argentine Peso | 6,517 | 47,079 | ||||||
Brazilian Real | 221,952 | 537,224 | ||||||
Chilean Peso | 44,737 | 131,543 | ||||||
Colombian Peso | 1,292 | 2,288 | ||||||
Euro | 24,370 | 32,711 | ||||||
US Dollar | 292,125 | 436,774 | ||||||
Korean Won | 79 | 8,172 | ||||||
Mexican Peso | 4,624 | 6,093 | ||||||
Australian Dollar | 49 | 20,964 | ||||||
Pound Sterling | 5,647 | 7,428 | ||||||
South African Rand | - | 2,982 | ||||||
Uruguayan Peso (New) | 792 | 1,375 | ||||||
Thai Bht | - | 1,559 | ||||||
Swiss Franc | 754 | 535 | ||||||
Russian Ruble | - | 896 | ||||||
Japanese Yen | 77 | 1,222 | ||||||
Swedish crown | 129 | 2,012 | ||||||
New Zealand Dollar | - | 1,148 | ||||||
Costa Rican Colon | - | 1,390 | ||||||
Other Currencies | 1,223 | 5,678 | ||||||
Total | 604,367 | 1,249,073 |
The movements of the provision for impairment losses of the Trade Debtors and other accounts receivable are as follows:
Adoption | ||||||||||||||||||||
Opening | adjustment | (Increase) | Closing | |||||||||||||||||
balance | IFRS 9 (*) | Write-offs | Decrease | balance | ||||||||||||||||
Periods | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2018 | (87,909 | ) | (10,524 | ) | 8,620 | (8,178 | ) | (97,991 | ) | |||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | (97,991 | ) | - | 12,569 | (14,980 | ) | (100,402 | ) | ||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | (100,402 | ) | - | 30,754 | (52,545 | ) | (122,193 | ) |
F-69
Once pre-judicial and judicial collection efforts are exhausted, the assets are written off against the allowance. The Company only uses the allowance method rather than direct write-off, to ensure control.
The historical and current renegotiations are not very relevant, and the policy is to analyze case by case to classify them according to the existence of risk, determining if their reclassification corresponds to pre-judicial collection accounts.
The maximum credit-risk exposure at the date of presentation of the information is the fair value of each one of the categories of accounts receivable indicated above.
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross exposure | Gross | Exposure net | Gross exposure | Gross | Exposure net | |||||||||||||||||||
according to | impaired | of risk | according to | Impaired | of risk | |||||||||||||||||||
balance | exposure | concentrations | balance | exposure | concentrations | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 532,106 | (122,193 | ) | 409,913 | 1,073,599 | (100,402 | ) | 973,197 | ||||||||||||||||
Other accounts receivable | 194,454 | - | 194,454 | 275,876 | - | 275,876 |
There are no relevant guarantees covering credit risk and these are valued when they are settled; no materially significant direct guarantees exist. Existing guarantees, if appropriate, are made through IATA.
NOTE 9 - ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE FROM/PAYABLE TO RELATED ENTITIES
(a) | Accounts Receivable |
As of | As of | |||||||||||||||
Country | December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Related party | Relationship | of origin | Currency | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||
Foreign | Qatar Airways | Indirect shareholder | Qatar | US$ | 148 | 19,400 | ||||||||||
Foreign | TAM Aviação Executiva e | |||||||||||||||
Taxi Aéreo S.A. | Common shareholder | Brazil | BRL | 1 | - | |||||||||||
Foreign | Delta Air Lines Inc. | Shareholder | U.S.A. | US$ | - | 205 | ||||||||||
87.752.000-5 | Granja Marina Tornagaleones S.A. | Common shareholder | Chile | CLP | 6 | 36 | ||||||||||
96.782.530-1 | Inmobiliaria e Inversiones Asturias S.A. | Related director | Chile | CLP | - | 1 | ||||||||||
76.335.600-0 | Parque de Chile S.A. | Related director | Chile | CLP | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
96.989.370-3 | Rio Dulce S.A. | Related director | Chile | CLP | 1 | - | ||||||||||
96.810.370-9 | Inversiones Costa Verde | |||||||||||||||
Ltda. y CPA. | Related director | Chile | CLP | - | 1 | |||||||||||
Total current assets | 158 | 19,645 |
F-70
(b) | Current and non current accounts payable |
Current liabilities | Non current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||||
Country | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Related party | Relationship | of origin | Currency | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||
78.591.370-1 | Bethia S.A. and Subsidiaries | Related director | Chile | CLP | - | 53 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Delta Airlines, Inc. | Shareholder | U.S.A. | US$ | 805 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Patagonia Seafarms INC | Related director | U.S.A. | US$ | 7 | 3 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
96.810.370-9 | Inversiones Costa Verde Ltda. y CPA. (*) | Related director | Chile | CLP | - | - | 105,713 | - | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments Ltd (*) | Common shareholder | Jersey Channel Islands | US$ | - | - | 132,141 | - | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments 2 Ltd (*) | Common shareholder | Jersey Channel Islands | US$ | - | - | 132,141 | - | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Lozuy S.A. (*) | Common shareholder | Uruguay | US$ | - | - | 26,428 | - | ||||||||||||||||
Total current and non current liabilities | 812 | 56 | 396,423 | - |
(*) | The balance correspond to DIP loan which is explained on Note 3.1 c). |
Transactions between related parties have been carried out on arm’s lenght conditions between interested and duly-informed parties. The transaction times for Current and Non-Current Liabilities, they correspond to between 30 to 45 days and 1 to 2 years respectively, and the nature of settlement of the transactions is monetary.
The composition of Inventories is as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Technical stock | 284,409 | 315,286 | ||||||
Non-technical stock | 39,165 | 38,946 | ||||||
Total | 323,574 | 354,232 |
The items included in this item correspond to spare parts and materials which will be used, mainly, in consumptions of on-board services and in own and third-party maintenance services; These are valued at their average acquisition cost net of their obsolescence provision according to the following detail:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Provision for obsolescence Technical stock | 42,979 | 21,193 | ||||||
Provision for obsolescence Non-technical stock | 4,651 | 11,610 | ||||||
Total | 47,630 | 32,803 |
The resulting amounts do not exceed the respective net realization values.
F-71
As of December 31, 2020, the Company registered ThUS$ 55,507 (ThUS$ 133,286 as of December 31, 2019) in results, mainly related to on-board consumption and maintenance, which is part of the Cost of sales.
NOTE 11 - OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS
(a) The composition of other financial assets is as follows:
Current Assets | Non-current assets | Total Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
(a) Other financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private investment funds | 348 | 386,669 | - | - | 348 | 386,669 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits in guarantee (aircraft) | 2,435 | 8,934 | 21,498 | 28,599 | 23,933 | 37,533 | ||||||||||||||||||
Guarantees for margins of derivatives | 3,047 | 21,200 | - | - | 3,047 | 21,200 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other investments | - | - | 493 | 494 | 493 | 494 | ||||||||||||||||||
Domestic and foreign bonds | 18 | 19 | - | - | 18 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other guarantees given | 43,106 | 6,507 | 11,149 | 15,138 | 54,255 | 21,645 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal of other financial assets | 48,954 | 423,329 | 33,140 | 44,231 | 82,094 | 467,560 | ||||||||||||||||||
(b) Hedging derivate asset | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued Interest since the last payment date | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross currency swap of currencies | - | 3 | - | - | - | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of interest rate derivatives | - | 27,044 | - | 2,676 | - | 29,720 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of foreign currency derivatives | - | 586 | - | - | - | 586 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of fuel price derivatives | 1,296 | 48,542 | - | - | 1,296 | 48,542 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal of derivate assets | 1,296 | 76,175 | - | 2,676 | 1,296 | 78,851 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Other Financial Assets | 50,250 | 499,504 | 33,140 | 46,907 | 83,390 | 546,411 |
The different derivative hedging contracts maintained by the Company at the end of each fiscal year are described in Note 19.
(b) The balances composition by currencies of the Other financial assets are as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Type of currency | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS $ | ThUS $ | |||||||
Argentine peso | 460 | 94 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 8,475 | 417,477 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 4,056 | 26,073 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 500 | 522 | ||||||
Euro | 3,236 | 1,525 | ||||||
U.S.A dollar | 63,922 | 97,988 | ||||||
Other currencies | 2,741 | 2,732 | ||||||
Total | 83,390 | 546,411 |
F-72
NOTE 12 - OTHER NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS
The composition of other non-financial assets is as follows:
Current assets | Non-current assets | Total Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
(a) Advance payments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft insurance and other | 10,137 | 11,179 | - | 523 | 10,137 | 11,702 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | 15,375 | 15,167 | 2,998 | 1,832 | 18,373 | 16,999 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal advance payments | 25,512 | 26,346 | 2,998 | 2,355 | 28,510 | 28,701 | ||||||||||||||||||
(b) Contract assets (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
GDS costs | 4,491 | 16,593 | - | - | 4,491 | 16,593 | ||||||||||||||||||
Credit card commissions | 6,021 | 23,437 | - | - | 6,021 | 23,437 | ||||||||||||||||||
Travel agencies commissions | 4,964 | 16,546 | - | - | 4,964 | 16,546 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal advance payments | 15,476 | 56,576 | - | - | 15,476 | 56,576 | ||||||||||||||||||
(c) Other assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance reserve (2) | 8,613 | 27,987 | - | 17,844 | 8,613 | 45,831 | ||||||||||||||||||
Sales tax | 102,010 | 167,987 | 46,210 | 34,680 | 148,220 | 202,667 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other taxes | 4,023 | 34,295 | - | - | 4,023 | 34,295 | ||||||||||||||||||
Contributions to the International Aeronautical | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Telecommunications Society (“SITA”) | 258 | 258 | 739 | 739 | 997 | 997 | ||||||||||||||||||
Judicial deposits | - | - | 76,835 | 149,310 | 76,835 | 149,310 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal other assets | 114,904 | 230,527 | 123,784 | 202,573 | 238,688 | 433,100 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Other Non - Financial Assets | 155,892 | 313,449 | 126,782 | 204,928 | 282,674 | 518,377 |
(1) Movement of Contracts assets:
Initial balance | Activation | Cummulative translation adjustment | Amortization | Final balance | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 48,957 | 166,300 | (4,950 | ) | (153,731 | ) | 56,576 | |||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 56,576 | 146,778 | (14,672 | ) | (173,206 | ) | 15,476 |
(2) Aircraft maintenance reserves reflect prepayment deposits made by the group to lessors of certain aircraft under operating lease agreements in order to ensure that funds are available to support the scheduled heavy maintenance of the aircraft.
These deposits are calculated based on the operation, measured in cycles or flight hours, are paid periodically, and it is contractually stipulated that they be returned to the Company each time major maintenance is carried out. At the end of the lease, the unused maintenance reserves are returned to the Company or used to compensate the lessor for any debt related to the maintenance conditions of the aircraft.
F-73
In some cases, (2 lease agreements), if the maintenance cost incurred by LATAM is less than the corresponding maintenance reserves, the lessor is entitled to retain those excess amounts at the time the heavy maintenance is performed. The Company periodically reviews its maintenance reserves for each of its leased aircraft to ensure that they will be recovered and recognizes an expense if any such amounts are less than probable of being returned. The cost of aircraft maintenance in the last years has been higher than the related maintenance reserves for all aircraft.
As of December 31, 2020, maintenance reserves amount to ThUS$ 8,613 (ThUS$ 45,831 as of December 31, 2019), corresponding to 2 aircraft that maintain remaining balances, which will be settled in the next maintenance or return.
Aircraft maintenance reserves are classified as current or non-current depending on the dates when the related maintenance is expected to be performed (Note 2.23).
NOTE 13 - NON-CURRENT ASSETS AND DISPOSAL GROUP CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE
Non-current assets and disposal group classified as held for sale at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, are detailed below:
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Aircraft | 275,000 | 482,806 | ||||||
Engines and rotables | 740 | 1,943 | ||||||
Other assets | 382 | 401 | ||||||
Total | 276,122 | 485,150 |
The balances are presented at the lower of book value and fair value less cost to sell. The fair value of these assets was determined based on quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities. This is a level II measurement as per the fair value hierarchy set out in Note 3.3 (2). There were no transfers between levels for recurring fair value measurements during the year.
- | Assets reclassified from Property, plant and equipment to Non-current assets or groups of assets for disposal classified as held for sale. |
During 2019, four Airbus A350, aircraft two Boeing 767, were reclassified from Property, plants and equipment to Non-current assets or groups of assets for disposal classified as held for sale.
Additionally, during the same year 2019, the sale of one motor spare Boeing 767 and one Boeing 767 aircraft were materialized. As a result of the above, during 2019, adjustments for US $ 2 million of expense were recognized to record these assets at their net realizable value.
During the year 2020, the sale of a Boeing 767 aircraft took place and therefore US $ 5.5 million was recognized as profit from the transaction.
Additionally, during the year 2020, Delta Air Lines, Inc. canceled the purchase of four Airbus A350 aircraft, given this, LATAM was compensated with the payment of ThUS $ 62,000, which was recorded in the income statement as other income. These four aircraft were reclassified to Property, plant and equipment.
F-74
During 2020, eleven Boeing 767 aircraft were transferred from the Property, plant and equipment item, to the Non-current assets item or groups of assets for disposal classified as held for sale.
Additionally, during the year 2020, adjustments for US $ 332 million of were recognized in income statement to adjust the assets to its fair value less the cost of sales, which were recorded the income statements as part of the expenses of restructuring activities.
The detail of the fleet classified as non-current assets and disposal group classified as held for sale is as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Aircraft | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
Boeing 767 | 11 | 1 | ||||||
Airbus A350 | - | 4 | ||||||
Total | 11 | 5 |
NOTE 14 - INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES
(a) Investments in subsidiaries
The Company has investments in companies recognized as investments in subsidiaries. All the companies defined as subsidiaries have been consolidated within the financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries. The consolidation also includes special-purpose entities.
Detail of significant subsidiaries:
Ownership | ||||||||||||
As of | As of | |||||||||||
Country of | Functional | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||
Name of significant subsidiary | incorporation | currency | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||
% | % | |||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | Peru | US$ | 99.81000 | 70.00000 | ||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. | Chile | US$ | 99.89395 | 99.89395 | ||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | Argentina | ARS | 99.98370 | 99.98370 | ||||||||
Transporte Aéreo S.A. | Chile | US$ | 100.00000 | 100.00000 | ||||||||
Latam Airlines Ecuador S.A. | Ecuador | US$ | 100.00000 | 100.00000 | ||||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional, AIRES S.A. | Colombia | COP | 99.19414 | 99.19414 | ||||||||
TAM S.A. | Brazil | BRL | 99.99938 | 99.99938 |
The consolidated subsidiaries do not have significant restrictions for transferring funds to the controlling entity in the normal course of operations, except for those imposed by Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Law, on dividend payments prior to the application for protection.
F-75
Summary financial informat ion of significant subsidiaries
Statement of financial position as of December 31, 2020 | Income for the year ended December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Current | Non-current | Total | Current | Non-current | Net Income/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name of significant subsidiary | Assets | Assets | Assets | Liabilities | Liabilities | Liabilities | Revenue | (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | 661,721 | 629,910 | 31,811 | 486,098 | 484,450 | 1,648 | 372,255 | (96,066 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. | 749,789 | 472,869 | 276,920 | 567,128 | 516,985 | 50,143 | 207,854 | 10,936 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | 176,790 | 171,613 | 5,177 | 148,824 | 146,555 | 2,269 | 49,101 | (220,667 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transporte Aéreo S.A. | 546,216 | 264,690 | 281,526 | 347,714 | 278,319 | 69,395 | 142,096 | (39,032 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Ecuador S.A. | 108,086 | 104,534 | 3,552 | 99,538 | 87,437 | 12,101 | 51,205 | (22,655 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional, AIRES S.A. | 76,770 | 73,446 | 3,324 | 77,471 | 68,433 | 9,038 | 90,668 | (89,707 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
TAM S.A. (*) | 3,110,055 | 1,492,792 | 1,617,263 | 3,004,935 | 2,206,089 | 798,846 | 1,808,314 | (1,025,618 | ) |
Statement of financial position as of December 31, 2019 | Income for the year ended December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Current | Non-current | Total | Current | Non-current | Net Income/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name of significant subsidiary | Assets | Assets | Assets | Liabilities | Liabilities | Liabilities | Revenue | (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | 519,363 | 481,592 | 37,771 | 510,672 | 508,541 | 2,131 | 1,186,668 | (1,739 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. | 634,852 | 334,725 | 300,127 | 462,666 | 398,872 | 63,794 | 274,774 | (4,157 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | 262,049 | 255,641 | 6,408 | 89,070 | 86,912 | 2,158 | 218,989 | (133,408 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transporte Aéreo S.A. | 359,335 | 101,128 | 258,207 | 142,423 | 46,383 | 96,040 | 315,105 | 14,610 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Ecuador S.A. | 99,019 | 95,187 | 3,832 | 97,198 | 86,810 | 10,388 | 229,797 | (3,411 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional, AIRES S.A. | 187,001 | 135,344 | 51,657 | 78,990 | 70,643 | 8,347 | 291,235 | (3,099 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
TAM S.A. (*) | 5,036,864 | 2,580,665 | 2,456,199 | 3,497,559 | 2,556,280 | 941,279 | 5,013,293 | 185,720 |
Statement of financial position as of December 31, 2018 | Income for the year ended December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name of significant subsidiary | Total Assets | Current Assets | Non-current Assets | Total Liabilities | Current Liabilities | Non-current Liabilities | Revenue | Net Income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | 419,325 | 379,490 | 39,835 | 409,221 | 406,159 | 3,062 | 871,860 | 2,732 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. | 513,367 | 243,499 | 269,868 | 336,715 | 292,399 | 44,316 | 190,997 | (34,322 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | 243,230 | 235,919 | 7,311 | 239,234 | 236,786 | 2,448 | 154,878 | (132,538 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transporte Aéreo S.A. | 331,496 | 72,597 | 258,899 | 129,233 | 28,277 | 100,956 | 231,221 | (17,609 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Ecuador S.A. | 108,735 | 96,564 | 12,171 | 98,238 | 89,921 | 8,317 | 174,821 | 4,354 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional, AIRES S.A. | 116,352 | 55,865 | 60,487 | 77,984 | 69,150 | 8,834 | 215,366 | (6,396 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
TAM S.A. (*) | 4,420,546 | 2,007,830 | 2,412,716 | 3,256,017 | 1,832,796 | 1,423,221 | 3,434,453 | 358,616 |
(*) Corresponds to consolidated information of TAM S.A. and subsidiaries
F-76
(b) | Non-controlling interest |
Country | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | Tax No. | of origin | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||
% | % | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A | 0-E | Peru | 0.19000 | 30.00000 | (7,238 | ) | 2,609 | |||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. and Subsidiaries | 93.383.000-4 | Chile | 0.10196 | 0.10196 | 666 | 369 | ||||||||||||||
Inversora Cordillera S.A. and Subsidiaries | 0-E | Argentina | 0.01630 | 0.01630 | (276 | ) | (6,276 | ) | ||||||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | 0-E | Argentina | 0.00344 | 0.00344 | 1 | 50 | ||||||||||||||
Americonsult de Guatemala S.A. | 0-E | Guatemala | 0.87000 | 0.87000 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
Americonsult S.A. and Subsidiaries | 0-E | Mexico | 0.20000 | 0.20000 | (6 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Americonsult Costa Rica S.A. | 0-E | Costa Rica | 0.20000 | 0.20000 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Linea Aérea Carguera de Colombiana S.A. | 0-E | Colombia | 9.54000 | 10.00000 | (522 | ) | (755 | ) | ||||||||||||
Aerolíneas Regionales de Integración Aires S.A. | 0-E | Colombia | 0.79880 | 0.79880 | (13 | ) | 899 | |||||||||||||
Transportes Aereos del Mercosur S.A. | 0-E | Paraguay | 5.02000 | 5.02000 | 713 | 1,503 | ||||||||||||||
Total | (6,672 | ) | (1,605 | ) |
For the year ended | For the year ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Country | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incomes | Tax No. | of origin | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||
% | % | % | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A | 0-E | Peru | 0.19000 | 30.00000 | 30.00000 | (8,102 | ) | (1,065 | ) | 1,673 | ||||||||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. and Subsidiaries | 93.383.000-4 | Chile | 0.10196 | 0.10196 | 0.10196 | (121 | ) | 19 | (406 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Inversora Cordillera S.A. and Subsidiaries | 0-E | Argentina | 0.01630 | 4.22000 | 0.13940 | 360 | 359 | 66 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lan Argentina S.A. | 0-E | Argentina | 0.00344 | 0.00344 | 0.02890 | 70 | 48 | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Americonsult S.A. and Subsidiaries | 0-E | Mexico | 0.20000 | 0.20000 | 0.20000 | 1 | (7 | ) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Linea Aérea Carguera de Colombiana S.A. | 0-E | Colombia | 9.54000 | 10.00000 | 10.00000 | (943 | ) | (293 | ) | 58 | ||||||||||||||||||
Aerolíneas Regionales de Integración Aires S.A. | 0-E | Colombia | 0.79880 | 0.79880 | 0.79880 | (724 | ) | (24 | ) | 87 | ||||||||||||||||||
Transportes Aereos del Mercosur S.A. | 0-E | Paraguay | 5.02000 | 5.02000 | 5.02000 | (189 | ) | 420 | 717 | |||||||||||||||||||
Multiplus S.A.(*) | 0-E | Brazil | - | - | 27.26000 | - | 5,726 | 29,739 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | (9,648 | ) | 5,183 | 31,975 |
(*) See Note 1 letter (b)
F-77
NOTE 15 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS OTHER THAN GOODWILL
The details of intangible assets are as follows:
Classes of intangible assets (net) | Classes of intangible assets (gross) | |||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Airport slots | 627,742 | 845,959 | 627,742 | 845,959 | ||||||||||||
Loyalty program | 204,615 | 263,806 | 204,615 | 263,806 | ||||||||||||
Computer software | 139,113 | 220,993 | 528,097 | 656,699 | ||||||||||||
Developing software | 68,521 | 99,193 | 69,379 | 99,193 | ||||||||||||
Trademarks (1) | 6,340 | 17,959 | 39,803 | 51,326 | ||||||||||||
Other assets | 228 | 331 | 1,315 | 1,315 | ||||||||||||
Total | 1,046,559 | 1,448,241 | 1,470,951 | 1,918,298 |
Movement in Intangible assets other than goodwill:
Computer software Net | Developing software | Airport slots (2) | Trademarks and loyalty program (1) ( 2) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2018 | 160,970 | 123,415 | 964,513 | 368,349 | 1,617,247 | |||||||||||||||
Additions | 791 | 94,301 | - | - | 95,092 | |||||||||||||||
Withdrawals | (403 | ) | (125 | ) | - | - | (528 | ) | ||||||||||||
Transfer software | 59,771 | (61,087 | ) | - | - | (1,316 | ) | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (10,231 | ) | (4,651 | ) | (135,544 | ) | (53,522 | ) | (203,948 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization | (54,549 | ) | - | - | (11,046 | ) | (65,595 | ) | ||||||||||||
Adjustment application IAS 29 by hyperinflation Argentina | 120 | - | - | - | 120 | |||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 156,469 | 151,853 | 828,969 | 303,781 | 1,441,072 | |||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2019 | 156,469 | 151,853 | 828,969 | 303,781 | 1,441,072 | |||||||||||||||
Additions | 278 | 91,371 | 47,587 | - | 139,236 | |||||||||||||||
Withdrawals | (270 | ) | (1,123 | ) | - | - | (1,393 | ) | ||||||||||||
Transfer software | 136,935 | (140,102 | ) | - | - | (3,167 | ) | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (1,981 | ) | (2,806 | ) | (30,597 | ) | (11,612 | ) | (46,996 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization | (70,107 | ) | - | - | (10,404 | ) | (80,511 | ) | ||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 221,324 | 99,193 | 845,959 | 281,765 | 1,448,241 | |||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2020 | 221,324 | 99,193 | 845,959 | 281,765 | 1,448,241 | |||||||||||||||
Additions | 45 | 76,331 | - | - | 76,376 | |||||||||||||||
Withdrawals | (333 | ) | (454 | ) | (36,896 | ) | - | (37,683 | ) | |||||||||||
Transfer software | 101,015 | (99,890 | ) | - | - | 1,125 | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (20,242 | ) | (6,659 | ) | (181,321 | ) | (63,478 | ) | (271,700 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization | (162,468 | ) | - | - | (7,332 | ) | (169,800 | ) | ||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | 139,341 | 68,521 | 627,742 | 210,955 | 1,046,559 |
(1) | In 2016, the Company resolved to adopt a unique name and identity, and announced that the group’s brand will be LATAM, which united all the companies under a single image. |
The estimate of the new useful life is 5 years, equivalent to the period necessary to complete the change of image.
(2) | See Note 2.5 |
(3) | In 2020, a digital transformation was implemented (LATAM XP), as a result some projects became obsolete and were fully amortized. |
For further detail on impairment test see Note 16.
The amortization of each period is recognized in the consolidated income statement in the administrative expenses. The cumulative amortization of computer programs, brands and other assets as of December 31, 2020, amounts to ThUS $ 424,932 (ThUS $ 470,057 as of December 31, 2019).
F-78
NOTE 16 - GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS OF INDEFINITE USEFUL LIFE
During the year 2020, the Company, as a result of what is described below, has recognized an impairment for the total Goodwill. As of December 31, 2019, its value was ThUS $ 2,209,576.
Movement of Goodwill, separated by CGU:
Air Transport | Coalition and loyalty program Multiplus | Total | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2018 | 2,146,692 | 525,858 | 2,672,550 | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) due to exchange rate differences | (300,203 | ) | (76,922 | ) | (377,125 | ) | ||||||
Adjustment IAS 29, hyperinflation Argentina | 335 | - | 335 | |||||||||
Others | (1,688 | ) | - | (1,688 | ) | |||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 1,845,136 | 448,936 | 2,294,072 | |||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2019 | 1,845,136 | 448,936 | 2,294,072 | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) due to exchange rate differences | (67,133 | ) | (17,363 | ) | (84,496 | ) | ||||||
Transfer from Multiplus S.A. (see nota 1) | 431,573 | (431,573 | ) | - | ||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 2,209,576 | - | 2,209,576 | |||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2020 | 2,209,576 | - | 2,209,576 | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) due to exchange rate differences | (480,601 | ) | - | (480,601 | ) | |||||||
Impairment loss | (1,728,975 | ) | - | (1,728,975 | ) | |||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | - | - | - |
As of December 31, 2020, the Company maintains only the CGU “Air Transport”, due to the merger of Multiplus S.A. in TAM Linhas Aereas in the year 2019 (see Note 1), and changes in the management structure.
The CGU “Air Transport” considers the transport of passengers and cargo, both in the domestic markets of Chile, Peru, Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil, as well as in a series of regional and international routes in America, Europe, Africa and Oceania.
As of March 31, 2020 LATAM Airlines Group S.A. maintained a suspension of a large part of the operation and as a result of the impacts mentioned in Note 2 associated with COVID 19, impairment indicator were identified that led the Company to carry out an impairment test. Impairment indicator identified were: Increase in uncertainty about pandemic (on the economic and health situation, the lengths of the crisis, the extent of the closure of operations, among others), increase in market interest rates, fall in share price and decrease in operations.
F-79
The recoverable amount of the CGU was determined based on calculations of the value in use. These calculations use projections of 5 years cash flows after taxes from the financial budgets approved by the Administration. Cash flows beyond the budgeted period are extrapolated using growth rates and estimated average volumes, which do not exceed long-term average growth rates.
Management’s cash flow projections included significant judgements and assumptions related to annual revenue growth rates, discount rate, inflation rates, the exchange rate and price of fuel. The annual revenue growth rate is based on past performance and management’s expectations of market development in each of the countries in which it operates. The discount rates used, for the CGU “Air Transport”, are in determined in US dollars, after taxes, and reflect specific risks related to the relevant countries of each of the operations. Inflation rates and exchange rates are based on the data available from the countries and the information provided by the Central Banks of the various countries where it operates, and the price of fuel is determined based on estimated levels of production, the competitive environment of the market in which they operate and their commercial strategy.
As of March 31, 2020 the recoverable values were determined using the following assumptions presented below:
Air transportation CGU | ||||||||
Annual growth rate (Terminal) | % | 1.1 | ||||||
Exchange rate (1) | R$/US$ | 4.8 - 5.2 | ||||||
Discount rate based on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) (2) | % | 8.0 - 19.4 | ||||||
Fuel Price from futures price curves commodities markets | US$/barrel | 52-75 |
(1) | In line with the expectations of the Central Bank of Brazil |
(2) | As a result of the distortion generated by the current contingency in market rates, a multi-period WACC was used for each of the years of the projection, starting at 19.4% for the first year and reaching 8.0% from the Third year onward. |
WACC sensitivity
At using a single rate the possible impairment scenario will be as follow:
Actual | 7.5% | 8.0% | 9.0% | 10.0% | ||||||||||||||||
WACC | MUS$ | MUS$ | MUS$ | MUS$ | MUS$ | |||||||||||||||
Excess (Impairment) | (1,716 | ) | 381 | (564 | ) | (2,095 | ) | (3,280 | ) |
The estimated recoverable amount as of March 31, 2020 of ThUS $ 9,398 was compared to the net book values of the cash-generating unit on the same date, resulting in an impairment loss of MUS $ 1,729. The total amount was recognized in the consolidated statement of income under Other gains (losses). There were no additional amounts of impairment that needed to be adjusted to other non-financial assets.
F-80
As of December 31, 2020, in accordance with its accounting policy, the Company performed the annual impairment test. Compared to the test carried out as of March 31, 2020, the only methodological difference is that a single discount rate (WACC) was used again for all periods, and the uncertainty that exists in the current market was incorporated into multiple probability-weighted scenarios.
As of December 31, 2020, the recoverable values were determined using the following assumptions:
Air Transportation CGU | ||||||
Annual growth rate (terminal) | % | 0.6-1.6 | ||||
Exchange rate (1) | R$/US$ | 5.4-5.6 | ||||
Discount rate based on weighted average cost of capital (WACC - Weighted Average Cost of Capital) | % | 8.65-9.65 | ||||
Fuel price from future price curves of the commodity markets. | US$/barril | 60-78 |
(1) | In line with the expectations of the Central Bank of Brazil. |
(2) | The ranges incorporate the variables of the multiple probability-weighted scenarios. |
The result of the impairment test, which includes a sensitivity analysis of its principal assumptions, conclude that the calculated value in use exceed the book value of the assets net of the cash-generating unit, and therefore no impairment was detected.
The CGU is sensitive to annual growth, discount and exchange rates. The analysis of sensitivity included the individual impact of variations in critical assumptions when determine the value in use, as follow:
Increase | Decrease rate | |||
WACC | terminal growth | |||
Maximum | minimal | |||
% | % | |||
Air Transportation CGU | 9.65 | 0.6 |
In none of the above scenarios an impairment of the cash-generating unit was identified.
F-81
NOTE 17 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
The composition by category of Property, plant and equipment is as follows:
Gross Book Value | Accumulated depreciation | Net Book Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
a) Property, plant and equipment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction in progress (1) | 377,961 | 372,589 | - | - | 377,961 | 372,589 | ||||||||||||||||||
Land | 42,979 | 48,406 | - | - | 42,979 | 48,406 | ||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 123,836 | 133,488 | (58,629 | ) | (58,626 | ) | 65,207 | 74,862 | ||||||||||||||||
Plant and equipment | 12,983,173 | 13,993,044 | (5,292,429 | ) | (4,630,001 | ) | 7,690,744 | 9,363,043 | ||||||||||||||||
Own aircraft (3) (4) | 12,375,500 | 13,268,562 | (5,088,297 | ) | (4,421,211 | ) | 7,287,203 | 8,847,351 | ||||||||||||||||
Other (2) | 607,673 | 724,482 | (204,132 | ) | (208,790 | ) | 403,541 | 515,692 | ||||||||||||||||
Machinery | 27,402 | 33,658 | (23,986 | ) | (28,441 | ) | 3,416 | 5,217 | ||||||||||||||||
Information technology equipment | 147,754 | 161,992 | (132,923 | ) | (141,216 | ) | 14,831 | 20,776 | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed installations and accessories | 154,414 | 171,469 | (105,215 | ) | (111,635 | ) | 49,199 | 59,834 | ||||||||||||||||
Motor vehicles | 49,345 | 67,060 | (44,140 | ) | (60,327 | ) | 5,205 | 6,733 | ||||||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements | 201,828 | 234,249 | (127,420 | ) | (135,789 | ) | 74,408 | 98,460 | ||||||||||||||||
Subtotal Properties, plant and equipment | 14,108,692 | 15,215,955 | (5,784,742 | ) | (5,166,035 | ) | 8,323,950 | 10,049,920 | ||||||||||||||||
b) Right of use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft (3) | 5,369,519 | 5,438,404 | (3,031,477 | ) | (2,669,864 | ) | 2,338,042 | 2,768,540 | ||||||||||||||||
Other assets | 244,847 | 255,149 | (176,570 | ) | (153,991 | ) | 68,277 | 101,158 | ||||||||||||||||
Subtotal Right of use | 5,614,366 | 5,693,553 | (3,208,047 | ) | (2,823,855 | ) | 2,406,319 | 2,869,698 | ||||||||||||||||
Total | 19,723,058 | 20,909,508 | (8,992,789 | ) | (7,989,890 | ) | 10,730,269 | 12,919,618 |
(1) | As of December 31, 2020, includes advances paid to aircraft manufacturers for ThUS$ 360,387 (ThUS$ 348,148 as of December 31, 2019) |
(2) | Consider mainly rotables and tools. |
(3) | As of December 31, 2020, due to the process of Chapter 11, 29 aircraft lease contract were rejected, 19 were presented as to Property, plant and equipment, (2 A350, 11 A321, 1 A320, 1 A320N and 4 B787) and 10 were presented as to right of use assets, (1 A319, 7 A320 and 2 B767). |
(4) | As of December 31, 2020, eleven B767 aircraft were classified as non-current assets or groups of assets for disposal as held for sale. |
F-82
(a) | Movement in the different categories of Property, plant and equipment: |
Information | Fixed | Property, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant and | technology | installations | Motor | Leasehold | Plant and | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction | Buildings | equipment | equipment | & accessories | vehicles | improvements | equipment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in progress | Land | net | net | net | net | net | net | net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2018 | 556,822 | 49,780 | 124,548 | 9,138,591 | 30,156 | 80,777 | 436 | 84,225 | 10,065,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions | 7,927 | - | - | 635,367 | 4,995 | 64 | 24 | 20,410 | 668,787 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | - | (8 | ) | (1,412 | ) | (4,747 | ) | (30 | ) | (74 | ) | (14 | ) | - | (6,285 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Retirements | (80 | ) | - | (19 | ) | (63,774 | ) | (92 | ) | (27 | ) | - | (4 | ) | (63,996 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation expenses | - | - | (6,219 | ) | (705,577 | ) | (11,677 | ) | (12,538 | ) | (146 | ) | (27,766 | ) | (763,923 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (714 | ) | (4,348 | ) | (4,244 | ) | (94,488 | ) | (1,819 | ) | (8,499 | ) | (28 | ) | (2,351 | ) | (116,491 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other increases (decreases) | 65,992 | - | (89 | ) | 78,341 | 732 | 10,195 | 273 | 8,753 | 164,197 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment application IAS 29 | 373 | - | - | 3,869 | 299 | 1,111 | 89 | - | 5,741 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes, total | 73,498 | (4,356 | ) | (11,983 | ) | (151,009 | ) | (7,592 | ) | (9,768 | ) | 198 | (958 | ) | (111,970 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 630,320 | 45,424 | 112,565 | 8,987,582 | 22,564 | 71,009 | 634 | 83,267 | 9,953,365 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2019 | 630,320 | 45,424 | 112,565 | 8,987,582 | 22,564 | 71,009 | 634 | 83,267 | 9,953,365 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions | 21,884 | 7,950 | - | 1,694,640 | 6,580 | 26 | 73 | 34,988 | 1,766,141 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | - | (28 | ) | (47 | ) | (23,945 | ) | (13 | ) | (75 | ) | (11 | ) | - | (24,119 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Retirements | (20 | ) | - | - | (64,838 | ) | (85 | ) | (77 | ) | - | (362 | ) | (65,382 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation expenses | - | - | (5,768 | ) | (776,225 | ) | (8,574 | ) | (11,945 | ) | (94 | ) | (19,001 | ) | (821,607 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (1,340 | ) | (1,103 | ) | (914 | ) | (24,615 | ) | (234 | ) | (2,007 | ) | (125 | ) | (432 | ) | (30,770 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other increases (decreases) | (278,255 | ) | (3,837 | ) | (30,974 | ) | (418,083 | ) | 538 | 2,903 | - | - | (727,708 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes, total | (257,731 | ) | 2,982 | (37,703 | ) | 386,934 | (1,788 | ) | (11,175 | ) | (157 | ) | 15,193 | 96,555 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 372,589 | 48,406 | 74,862 | 9,374,516 | 20,776 | 59,834 | 477 | 98,460 | 10,049,920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2020 | 372,589 | 48,406 | 74,862 | 9,374,516 | 20,776 | 59,834 | 477 | 98,460 | 10,049,920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions | 6,535 | - | - | 485,800 | 1,295 | 9 | - | - | 493,639 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | - | - | - | (1,439 | ) | (112 | ) | (31 | ) | (4 | ) | - | (1,586 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rejection fleet (*) | - | - | - | (1,081,496 | ) | - | - | - | (82 | ) | (1,081,578 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirements | (39 | ) | - | - | (107,912 | ) | (55 | ) | (3,250 | ) | (111,256 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation expenses | - | - | (4,819 | ) | (682,102 | ) | (6,186 | ) | (9,037 | ) | (81 | ) | (16,542 | ) | (718,767 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange | (2,601 | ) | (5,428 | ) | (4,836 | ) | (146,219 | ) | (1,543 | ) | (7,195 | ) | 4 | (2,587 | ) | (170,405 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other increases (decreases) (**) | 1,477 | 1 | - | (142,179 | ) | 656 | 8,869 | - | (4,841 | ) | (136,017 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes, total | 5,372 | (5,427 | ) | (9,655 | ) | (1,675,547 | ) | (5,945 | ) | (10,635 | ) | (81 | ) | (24,052 | ) | (1,725,970 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | 377,961 | 42,979 | 65,207 | 7,698,969 | 14,831 | 49,199 | 396 | 74,408 | 8,323,950 |
(*) | Include aircraft lease rejection due to Chapter 11 process. |
(**) | Include the reclassification of 4 A350 aircraft that were incorporated on property plant and equipment from available for sale for ThU$ 464,812 and the reclassification of 11 B767 aircraft that were moved to available for sales for ThU$ 606,522 (see note 13). |
F-83
(b) Right of use assets:
Aircraft | Others | Net right of use assets | ||||||||||
ThUS $ | ThUS $ | ThUS $ | ||||||||||
Opening balances as of January 1, 2018 | 2,786,685 | 78,632 | 2,865,317 | |||||||||
Additions | 289,209 | 37,089 | 326,298 | |||||||||
Depreciation expense | (371,789 | ) | (19,349 | ) | (391,138 | ) | ||||||
Cummulative translate adjustment | (9,490 | ) | (4,261 | ) | (13,751 | ) | ||||||
Other increases (decreases) | (238,282 | ) | - | (238,282 | ) | |||||||
Total changes | (330,352 | ) | 13,479 | (316,873 | ) | |||||||
Final balances as of December 31, 2018 | 2,456,333 | 92,111 | 2,548,444 | |||||||||
Opening balances as of January 1, 2019 | 2,456,333 | 92,111 | 2,548,444 | |||||||||
Additions | 732,489 | 20,675 | 753,164 | |||||||||
Depreciation expense | (377,911 | ) | (22,473 | ) | (400,384 | ) | ||||||
Cummulative translate adjustment | (2,046 | ) | (2,515 | ) | (4,561 | ) | ||||||
Other increases (decreases) | (40,325 | ) | 13,360 | (26,965 | ) | |||||||
Total changes | 312,207 | 9,047 | 321,254 | |||||||||
Final balances as of December 31, 2019 | 2,768,540 | 101,158 | 2,869,698 | |||||||||
Opening balances as of January 1, 2020 | 2,768,540 | 101,158 | 2,869,698 | |||||||||
Additions | - | 399 | 399 | |||||||||
Fleet rejection (*) | (9,090 | ) | - | (9,090 | ) | |||||||
Write off | - | - | - | |||||||||
Depreciation expense | (395,936 | ) | (22,492 | ) | (418,428 | ) | ||||||
Cummulative translate adjustment | (6,578 | ) | (11,173 | ) | (17,751 | ) | ||||||
Other increases (decreases) | (18,894 | ) | 385 | (18,509 | ) | |||||||
Total changes | (430,498 | ) | (32,881 | ) | (463,379 | ) | ||||||
Final balances as of December 31, 2020 | 2,338,042 | 68,277 | 2,406,319 |
(*) Include aircraft lease rejection due to Chapter 11 process.
F-84
(c) Composition of the fleet
Aircraft included in Property, plant and equipment | Aircraft included as Rights of use assets | Total fleet | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft | Model | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767 | 300ER | 17 | 28 | - | 2 | 17 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767 | 300F | 11 | (1) | 11 | (1) | 1 | 1 | 12 | (1) | 12 | (1) | |||||||||||||||
Boeing 777 | 300ER | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 787 | 800 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 787 | 900 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A319 | 100 | 37 | 37 | 7 | 9 | 44 | 46 | |||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A320 | 200 | 96 | (2) | 96 | (2) | 38 | 46 | 134 | (2) | 142 | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A320 | NEO | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A321 | 200 | 19 | 30 | 19 | 19 | 38 | 49 | |||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A350 | 900 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 11 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total | 202 | 227 | 98 | 110 | 300 | 337 |
(1) One aircraft leased to Aerotransportes Mas de Carga S.A. de C.V.
(2) Two aircraft leased to Sundair.
(d) Method used for the depreciation of Property, plant and equipment:
Useful life (years) | ||||||||||
Method | minimum | maximum | ||||||||
Buildings | Straight line without residual value | 20 | 50 | |||||||
Plant and equipment | Straight line with residual value of 20% in the short-haul fleet and 36% in the long-haul fleet. (*) | 5 | 30 | |||||||
Information technology equipment | Straight line without residual value | 5 | 10 | |||||||
Fixed installations and accessories | Straight line without residual value | 10 | 10 | |||||||
Motor vehicle | Straight line without residual value | 10 | 10 | |||||||
Leasehold improvements | Straight line without residual value | 5 | 8 | |||||||
Assets for rights of use | Straight line without residual value | 1 | 25 |
(*) | Except in the case of the Boeing 767 300ER and Boeing 767 300F fleets that consider a lower residual value, due to the extension of their useful life to 22 and 30 years respectively. Additionally, certain technical components are depreciated based on cycles and hours flown. |
F-85
(e) Additional information regarding Property, plant and equipment:
(i) Property, plant and equipment pledged as guarantee:
Description of Property, plant and equipment pledged as guarantee:
As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantee agent (1) | Creditor company | Committed Assets | Fleet | Existing Debt | Book Value | Existing Debt | Book Value | |||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Wilmington | MUFG | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A319 | 69,375 | 268,746 | 74,713 | 256,937 | |||||||||||||||
Trust Company | Airbus A320 | 63,581 | 257,613 | 70,644 | 256,651 | |||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767 | 43,628 | 180,591 | 61,728 | 196,244 | ||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 787 | 114,936 | 119,229 | 120,938 | 127,283 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wilmington | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A321 | - | - | 353,774 | 452,107 | ||||||||||||||||
Trust Company | Boeing 787 | - | - | 332,131 | 374,998 | |||||||||||||||||
Airbus A350 | - | - | 180,320 | 192,620 | ||||||||||||||||||
Citibank N.A. | Aircraft and engines | Boeing 787 | - | - | 143,475 | 191,804 | ||||||||||||||||
Credit Agricole | Credit Agricole | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A319 | 1,073 | 6,936 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A320 | 139,192 | 122,251 | 85,986 | 95,148 | ||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A321 / A350 | 30,733 | 28,127 | 83,281 | 67,882 | ||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 767 | 10,404 | 32,802 | 10,404 | 35,226 | ||||||||||||||||||
Boeing 787 | 91,797 | 43,020 | 74,023 | 36,594 | ||||||||||||||||||
Bank Of Utah | BNP Paribas | Aircraft and engines (2) | Airbus A320 / A350 | 262,420 | 289,946 | 296,441 | 378,462 | |||||||||||||||
Boeing 787 | 211,849 | 246,349 | 217,500 | 259,934 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investec | Aircraft and engines (2) | Airbus A320 / A350 | 37,870 | - | 44,088 | - | ||||||||||||||||
SMBC | Aircraft and engines (2) | Airbus A350 | 130,000 | 134,780 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
Natixis | Natixis | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A321 | 271,129 | 375,645 | 282,927 | 384,224 | |||||||||||||||
Citibank N.A. | Citibank N.A. | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A319 | 27,936 | 38,836 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Airbus A320 | 128,030 | 214,597 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A321 | 41,599 | 81,706 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Airbus A350 | 15,960 | 26,823 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Airbus B767 | 90,846 | 197,797 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Airbus B787 | 23,156 | 19,047 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Rotables | 162,477 | 145,708 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
UMB Bank | MUFG | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A320 | 167,371 | 246,293 | 106,250 | 149,607 | |||||||||||||||
MUFG Bank | MUFG Bank | Aircraft and engines | Airbus A320 | 215,043 | 295,036 | 216,411 | 310,311 | |||||||||||||||
Total direct guarantee | 2,350,405 | 3,371,878 | 2,755,034 | 3,766,032 |
(1) | For the syndicated loans, is the Guarantee Agent that represent different creditors. |
(2) | As of December 31, 2020, four A350 aircraft were reincorporated to Property, plant and equipment due to cancellation of the sale contract. Which were classified previously as Non-current assets or groups of assets for disposal as held for sale. |
The amounts of the current debt are presented at their nominal value. The net book value corresponds to the assets granted as collateral.
Additionally, there are indirect guarantees associated with assets registered in properties, plants and equipment whose total debt as of December 31, 2020, amounts to ThUS$ 1,642,779 (ThUS$ 1,762,611 as of December 31, 2019). The book value of the assets with indirect guarantees as of December 31, 2020, amounts to ThUS$ 3,496,397 (ThUS$ 3,866,237 as of December 31, 2019).
As of December 31, 2020, given the Chapter 11 process, nineteen aircraft corresponding to Property, plant and equipment were rejected, of which eighteen had direct guarantees and one indirect guarantee.
F-86
As of December 31, 2020, the Company keeps valid letters of credit related to assets by right of use according to the following detail:
Value | Release | |||||||||
Creditor Guarantee | Debtor | Type | ThUS$ | date | ||||||
Avolon Aerospace AOE 62 Limited | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Seven letters of credit | 3,554 | Feb 05, 2021 | ||||||
Bank of Utah | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | One letter of credit | 2,000 | Mar 24, 2021 | ||||||
GE Capital Aviation Services Ltd. | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Three letters of credit | 12,198 | Jan 20, 2021 | ||||||
ORIX Aviation Systems Limited | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Three letters of credit | 8,445 | Nov 26, 2021 | ||||||
Wells Fargo Bank | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Six letters of credit | 11,870 | Feb 04, 2021 | ||||||
BBAM | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Two letters of credit | 1,695 | Jan 14, 2021 | ||||||
Merlin Aviation Leasing (Ireland) 18 Limited | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Two letters of credit | 3,852 | Mar 15, 2021 | ||||||
RB Comercial Properties 49 | ||||||||||
Empreendimentos Imobiliarios LTDA | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | One letter of credit | 27,193 | Apr 29, 2021 | ||||||
70,807 |
(ii) Commitments and others
Fully depreciated assets and commitments for future purchases are as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Gross book value of fully depreciated property, plant and equipment still in use | 206,497 | 261,792 | ||||||
Commitments for the acquisition of aircraft (*) | 7,500,000 | 7,390,000 |
(*) | According to the manufacturer’s price list. |
Purchase commitment of aircraft
Year of delivery | ||||||||
Manufacturer | 2021-2026 | Total | ||||||
Airbus S.A.S. | 44 | 44 | ||||||
A320-NEO Family | 42 | 42 | ||||||
A350 Family | 2 | 2 | ||||||
The Boeing Company | 6 | 6 | ||||||
Boeing 787-9 | 6 | 6 | ||||||
Total | 50 | 50 |
As of December 31, 2020, as a result of the different aircraft purchase contracts signed with Airbus SAS, 42 Airbus A320 family aircraft remain to be received with deliveries between 2020 and 2024 and 2 Airbus aircraft of the A350 family with delivery dates. by 2026. The approximate amount, according to the manufacturer’s list prices, is ThUS $ 5,700,000.
As of December 31, 2020, as a result of the different aircraft purchase contracts signed with The Boeing Company, 6 Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft remain to be received with delivery dates between 2021 and 2023. The approximate amount, according to list prices from the manufacturer, is ThUS $ 1,800,000.
F-87
The delivery dates of some aircraft could be modified as a result of the continuous discussions held with aircraft manufacturer in the context of the current situation of the company.
(iii) | Capitalized interest costs with respect to Property, plant and equipment. |
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||
Average rate of capitalization of capitalized interest costs | % | 3.52 | 4.72 | 4.64 | ||||||||||
Costs of capitalized interest | ThUS$ | 11,627 | 1,444 | 13,007 |
NOTE 18 - CURRENT AND DEFERRED TAXES
In the year ended December 31, 2020, the income tax provision was calculated for such period, applying the partially semi-integrated taxation system and a rate of 27%, in accordance with the Law No. 21,210, which modernizes the Tax Legislation, published in the Journal of the Republic of Chile, dated February 24, 2020.
The net result for deferred tax corresponds to the variation of the year, of the assets and liabilities for deferred taxes generated by temporary differences and tax losses.
For the permanent differences that give rise to a book value of assets and liabilities other than their tax value, no deferred tax has been recorded since they are caused by transactions that are recorded in the financial statements and that will have no effect on spending tax for income tax.
(a) | Current taxes |
(a.1) | The composition of the current tax assets is the following: |
Current assets | Non-current assets | Total assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Provisional monthly payments (advances) | 36,788 | 10,968 | - | - | 36,788 | 10,968 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other recoverable credits | 5,532 | 18,353 | - | - | 5,532 | 18,353 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets by current tax | 42,320 | 29,321 | - | - | 42,320 | 29,321 |
(a.2) | The composition of the current tax liabilities are as follows: |
Current liabilities | Non-current liabilities | Total liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Income tax provision | 656 | 11,925 | - | - | 656 | 11,925 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities by current tax | 656 | 11,925 | - | - | 656 | 11,925 |
F-88
(b) Deferred taxes
The balances of deferred tax are the following:
Assets | Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Concept | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | As of December 31, 2020 | As of December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Properties, Plants and equipment | (1,314,456 | ) | 186,311 | 81,881 | 1,700,215 | |||||||||||
Assets by right of use | 229,119 | 42,011 | (136 | ) | (91,470 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization | (65,139 | ) | (903 | ) | 9 | 52,233 | ||||||||||
Provisions | 212,492 | (139,346 | ) | 68,462 | (182,913 | ) | ||||||||||
Revaluation of financial instruments | (18,133 | ) | 422 | - | (9,857 | ) | ||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,496,952 | 155,539 | (60,785 | ) | (1,200,729 | ) | ||||||||||
Intangibles | - | - | 270,681 | 349,082 | ||||||||||||
Other | 23,981 | (8,451 | ) | 24,168 | 242 | |||||||||||
Total | 564,816 | 235,583 | 384,280 | 616,803 |
The balance of deferred tax assets and liabilities are composed primarily of temporary differences to be reversed in the long term.
Movements of Deferred tax assets and liabilities
(a) From January 1 to December 31, 2018
Opening balance Assets/ (liabilities) | Recognized in consolidated income | Recognized in comprehensive income | Exchange rate variation | Ending balance Asset (liability) | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (1,568,764 | ) | (19,735 | ) | - | 6,003 | (1,582,496 | ) | ||||||||||||
Assets for right of use | 75,849 | 9,903 | - | - | 85,752 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization | (54,820 | ) | (3,735 | ) | - | 1,692 | (56,863 | ) | ||||||||||||
Provisions | (10,461 | ) | 92,804 | 1,566 | (46,581 | ) | 37,328 | |||||||||||||
Revaluation of financial instruments | 3,750 | (2,326 | ) | (269 | ) | (1,168 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,479,560 | (98,154 | ) | - | (12,256 | ) | 1,369,150 | |||||||||||||
Intangibles | (406,536 | ) | 20,000 | - | 35,298 | (351,238 | ) | |||||||||||||
Others | (28,405 | ) | 5,439 | - | 8,304 | (14,662 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total | (509,827 | ) | 4,196 | 1,297 | (8,708 | ) | (513,042 | ) |
F-89
(b) From January 1 to December 31, 2019
Opening balance Assets/ (liabilities) | Recognized in consolidated income | Recognized in comprehensive income | Exchange rate variation | Ending balance Asset (liability) | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (1,582,496 | ) | 67,237 | - | 1,355 | (1,513,904 | ) | |||||||||||||
Assets for right of use | 85,752 | 47,729 | - | - | 133,481 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization | (56,863 | ) | 3,345 | - | 382 | (53,136 | ) | |||||||||||||
Provisions | 37,328 | 13,881 | 2,873 | (10,515 | ) | 43,567 | ||||||||||||||
Revaluation of financial instruments | (13 | ) | 10,142 | 414 | (264 | ) | 10,279 | |||||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,369,150 | (10,116 | ) | - | (2,766 | ) | 1,356,268 | |||||||||||||
Intangibles | (351,238 | ) | (11,718 | ) | - | 13,874 | (349,082 | ) | ||||||||||||
Others | (14,662 | ) | 5,844 | - | 125 | (8,693 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total | (513,042 | ) | 126,344 | 3,287 | 2,191 | (381,220 | ) |
(c) | From January 1 to December 31, 2020 |
Opening balance Assets/ (liabilities) | Recognized in consolidated income | Recognized in comprehensive income | Exchange rate variation | Ending balance Asset (liability) | ||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (1,513,904 | ) | 110,010 | - | 7,557 | (1,396,337 | ) | |||||||||||||
Assets for right of use | 133,481 | 95,774 | - | - | 229,255 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization | (53,136 | ) | (14,142 | ) | - | 2,130 | (65,148 | ) | ||||||||||||
Provisions | 43,567 | 158,178 | 924 | (58,639 | ) | 144,030 | ||||||||||||||
Revaluation of financial instruments | 10,279 | (27,901 | ) | 959 | (1,470 | ) | (18,133 | ) | ||||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,356,268 | 216,897 | - | (15,428 | ) | 1,557,737 | ||||||||||||||
Intangibles | (349,082 | ) | 1,030 | - | 77,371 | (270,681 | ) | |||||||||||||
Others | (8,693 | ) | 6,541 | - | 1,965 | (187 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total | (381,220 | ) | 546,387 | 1,883 | 13,486 | 180,536 |
Unrecognized deferred tax assets:
Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that the corresponding tax benefit will be realized in the future. Therefore, as of December 31, 2020, the Company has recognized provision with an impact on income, for the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not be recoverable in the foreseeable future for ThUS$ 237,637, in total the company has not recognized deferred tax assets for ThUS$ 749,100 (ThUS$ 110,933 as of December 31, 2019) which include deferred tax assets related to negative tax results of ThUS$ 1,433,474 (ThUS$ 338,679 at December 31, 2019).
F-90
Deferred tax expense and current income taxes:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Current tax expense | ||||||||||||
Current tax expense | (3,602 | ) | 72,999 | 77,713 | ||||||||
Adjustment to previous period’s current tax | (199 | ) | (352 | ) | 362 | |||||||
Total current tax expense, net | (3,801 | ) | 72,647 | 78,075 | ||||||||
Deferred tax expense | ||||||||||||
Deferred expense for taxes related to the creation and reversal of temporary differences | (546,387 | ) | (126,344 | ) | (126,344 | ) | ||||||
Total deferred tax expense, net | (546,387 | ) | (126,344 | ) | (126,344 | ) | ||||||
Income/(loss) tax expense | (550,188 | ) | (53,697 | ) | (48,269 | ) |
Composition of income/(loss) tax expense:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Current tax expense, net, foreign | 4,232 | 76,806 | 65,850 | |||||||||
Current tax expense, net, Chile | (8,033 | ) | (4,159 | ) | 12,225 | |||||||
Total current tax expense, net | (3,801 | ) | 72,647 | 78,075 | ||||||||
Deferred tax expense, net, foreign | 235,963 | 37,294 | 58,271 | |||||||||
Deferred tax expense, net, Chile | (782,350 | ) | (163,638 | ) | (62,467 | ) | ||||||
Deferred tax expense, net, total | (546,387 | ) | (126,344 | ) | (4,196 | ) | ||||||
Income/(loss) tax expense | (550,188 | ) | (53,697 | ) | 73,879 |
F-91
Income before tax from the Chilean legal tax rate (27% as of December 31, 2020 and 2019)
For the year ended | For the year ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Tax expense using the legal rate | (1,378,547 | ) | 38,318 | 11,230 | 27.00 | 27.00 | 27.00 | |||||||||||||||||
Tax effect by change in tax rate | - | - | 5,587 | - | - | 1.34 | ||||||||||||||||||
Tax effect of rates in other jurisdictions | (58,268 | ) | 20,082 | 15,905 | 1.14 | 14.15 | 3.83 | |||||||||||||||||
Tax effect of non-taxable operating revenues | (19,529 | ) | (13,125 | ) | (3,076 | ) | 0.38 | (9.25 | ) | (0.74 | ) | |||||||||||||
Tax effect of disallowable expenses | 40,528 | 66,257 | 61,295 | (0.79 | ) | 46.69 | 14.75 | |||||||||||||||||
Other increases (decreases): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derecognition of deferred tax liabilities for early termination of aircraft financing | (294,969 | ) | (145,930 | ) | - | 5.78 | (102.83 | ) | - | |||||||||||||||
Tax effect for goodwill impairment losses | 453,681 | - | - | (8.89 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Derecognition of deferred tax assets not recoverable | 237,637 | - | - | (4.65 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax asset not recognized | 414,741 | - | - | (8.12 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Other increases (decreases): | 54,538 | (19,299 | ) | - | (1.07 | ) | (13.60 | ) | - | |||||||||||||||
Total adjustments to tax expense using the legal rate | 828,359 | (92,015 | ) | 79,711 | (16.22 | ) | (64.84 | ) | 19.18 | |||||||||||||||
Tax expense using the effective rate | (550,188 | ) | (53,697 | ) | 90,941 | 10.78 | (37.84 | ) | 46.18 |
Deferred taxes related to items charged to equity:
For the year ended | ||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Aggregate deferred taxation of components of other comprehensive income | 1,883 | 3,287 |
NOTE 19 - OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
The composition of other financial liabilities is as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Current | ||||||||
(a) Interest bearing loans | 2,243,776 | 1,421,261 | ||||||
(b) Lease Liability | 806,283 | 414,027 | ||||||
(c) Hedge derivatives | 2,734 | 50,372 | ||||||
(d) Derivative non classified as hedge accounting | 2,937 | - | ||||||
Total current | 3,055,730 | 1,885,660 | ||||||
Non-current | ||||||||
(a) Interest bearing loans | 5,489,078 | 5,772,266 | ||||||
(b) Lease Liability | 2,314,723 | 2,758,130 | ||||||
(c) Hedge derivatives | - | 22 | ||||||
Total non-current | 7,803,801 | 8,530,418 |
F-92
(a) Interest bearing loans
Obligations with credit institutions and debt instruments:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Current | ||||||||
Loans to exporters | 151,701 | 341,475 | ||||||
Bank loans | 385,490 | 16,534 | ||||||
Guaranteed obligations (7)(8)(10) | 388,492 | 237,951 | ||||||
Other guaranteed obligations | 435,413 | 97,730 | ||||||
Subtotal bank loans | 1,361,096 | 693,690 | ||||||
Obligation with the public | 108,301 | 32,061 | ||||||
Financial leases (7)(8)(10) | 774,379 | 594,249 | ||||||
Other loans (4) | - | 101,261 | ||||||
Total current | 2,243,776 | 1,421,261 | ||||||
Non-current | ||||||||
Bank loans | 139,783 | 200,721 | ||||||
Guaranteed obligations (7)(8)(10) | 930,364 | 1,919,376 | ||||||
Other guaranteed obligations (5)(9) | 1,503,703 | 482,702 | ||||||
Subtotal bank loans | 2,573,850 | 2,602,799 | ||||||
Obligation with the public (1)(2)(3) | 2,075,106 | 2,032,873 | ||||||
Financial leases (7)(8)(10) | 840,122 | 1,136,594 | ||||||
Total non-current | 5,489,078 | 5,772,266 | ||||||
Total obligations with financial institutions | 7,732,854 | 7,193,527 |
(1) | On February 11, 2019, LATAM Finance Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability and exclusively owned by LATAM Airlines Group S.A., has issued on the international market, pursuant to Rule 144-A and Regulation S of the securities laws of the United States of America, unsecured long-term bonds for a nominal amount of US $ 600,000,000 at an annual interest rate of 7.00%. The bonds were placed at an issue price of 99.309% with respect to its even value. The bonds have semiannual interest payments and amortization of all capital at maturity and maturity date on March 1, 2026, unless they will be redeemed early according to their terms. As reported to the market, the issuance and placement was intended to finance general corporate purposes. |
(2) | On June 6, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. has issued in the local market (Santiago Stock Exchange) long-term unsecured bonds called Series E (BLATM-E), which correspond to the first series of bonds charged to the line registered in the Registro de Comisión para el Mercado Financiero (“CMF”) under the number Nº 921 dated November 26, 2018 for a total of UF 9,000,000. |
The total amount issued was UF 5,000,000 with an expiration date on April 15, 2029 and a 3.60% annual coupon rate with semiannual interest payments. The placement rate was 2.73%, equivalent to an amount of ThUS$ 215,093.
The funds from the issuance were allocated 50% to the refinancing of liabilities, 30% for the financing of investments and 20% for general corporate purposes.
F-93
(3) | On July 11, 2019, LATAM Finance Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability and exclusive property of LATAM Airlines Group SA, issued a re-opening of the LATAM 2026 bond, issued on February 11 of 2019, for US $ 200,000,000. This re-opening had a placement rate of 5.979%. |
Simultaneously, dated July 11, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. announced an offer for the repurchase of up to US $ 300 million of the unsecured LATAM 2020 bond, which was issued on June 9, 2015 for an amount of US $ 500 million at a coupon rate of 7.25% and due in June 2020. Offer repurchase price was 103.8 cents per dollar of nominal amount for the bonds offered until July 24, 2019, after this date and until August 7, 2019, the offered repurchase price was reduced to 100.8 cents for dollar at the expiration of the offer, a total of US $ 238,412,000 of the bonds were redeemed, of which US $ 238,162,000 arrived on or before July 24, 2019 and US $ 250,000 after that date. The net proceeds obtained from the re-opening of the LATAM 2026 bond was used to pay a portion of the public offer of the LATAM 2020 bond. The remainder of the public offer was paid in cash.
On December 17, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. The repurchase of the remainder (US $ 262 million) of the unsecured bond LATAM2020 ended, which, added to the repurchase of July 11, 2019, ends the entire balance of the bond. The repurchase was carried out through the buy-back mechanism called “Make-Whole,” which is a right of the bond issuer to repurchase the entire outstanding balance of debt based on a price that is calculated using government treasury bonds. of the United States with maturity close to that of the bond and adding a spread. The repurchase price was 102.45 cents per dollar of nominal bond amount.
(4) | On March 16, 2020, the obligations contained in the contract called “Indenture” signed between Guanay Finance Limited (see Note 1), LATAM Airlines Group S.A. expired. and Citibank, N.A. dated November 7, 2013. The bonds securitized with the future flows of credit card sales in the United States and Canada were issued in 2013 for a total of US $ 450 million. |
(5) | During March and April 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. it drew down the entire (US $600 million) of the committed credit line “Revolving Credit Facility (RCF)”. The financing expires on March 29, 2022. The line is guaranteed with collateral consisting of airplanes, engines and spare parts. The first withdrawal was on March 27, 2020 with an amount of US $ 504.7 million, the second withdrawal was on April 7, 2020 for US $ 72 million, the third withdrawal was on April 14, 2020 for US $ 11.2 million and the fourth and last withdrawal was on April 21, 2020 of US $ 12.1 million. |
(6) | On May 26, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and its subsidiaries in Chile, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador availed themselves, in court for the southern district of New York, to the protection of Chapter 11 of the bankruptcy law of the United States. Under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code. The same happened for TAM LINHAS AÉREAS S.A and certain subsidiaries (all LATAM subsidiary in Brazil), on July 8, 2020. Having filed for Chapter 11 automatically suspends most actions against LATAM and its subsidiaries, including most actions to collect financial obligations incurred before the date of receipt of Chapter 11 or to exercise control over the property of LATAM and its subsidiaries. Consequently, although the bankruptcy filing may have led to breaches of some of the obligations of LATAM and its subsidiaries, the counterparties cannot take any action as a result of said breaches. |
F-94
At the end of the year, Chapter 11 retains most of the actions on the debtors so the repayment of the debt is not accelerated. The Group continues to present its financial information as of December 31, 2020, including its interest bearing loan and leases, in accordance with the originally agreed conditions, pending future agreements that it may reach with its creditors under Chapter 11.
(7) | On June 24, 2020, the United States Court for the Southern District of New York approved the motion filed by the Company to reject certain aircraft lease contracts. Rejected contracts include, 17 aircraft financed under the EETC structure with an amount of MUS $ 844.1 and an aircraft financed with a financial lease with an amount of MUS $ 4.5. |
(8) | On October 20, 2020, the United States Court for the Southern District of New York approved the motion presented by the Company to reject an aircraft lease contract financed as financial lease in the amount of MUS $ 34.3. |
(9) | On October 10, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. partially drew down (MUS $ 1,150) of the committed credit line of the “DIP” financing. The financing expires on April 10, 2022. The line is guaranteed with collateral consisting of routes, slots, engines and spare parts. After this, transfer, the company still has MUS $ 1,300 available. This line is committed for a total of US $ 2,450 million, of which US $ 750 million are committed by related parties. |
(10) | In the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company transferred its interest in 7 special purpose entities. As a result of the above, the classification of financial liabilities associated with 3 aircraft within guaranteed obligations was modified, and classified as financial leases. |
Balances by currency of interest bearing loans are as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Currency | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||
Brazilian real | 300,659 | - | ||||||
Chilean peso (U.F.) | 679,983 | 611,542 | ||||||
US Dollar | 6,752,212 | 6,581,985 | ||||||
Total | 7,732,854 | 7,193,527 |
F-95
Interest-bearing loans due in installments to December 31, 2020
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2, Chile.
Nominal values | Accounting values | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Annual | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | nominal | 90 | to one | three | five | five | accounting | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | value | days | year | years | years | years | value | Amortization | rate | rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.032.000-8 | BBVA | Chile | US$ | 74,000 | - | - | - | - | 74,000 | 76,929 | - | - | - | - | 76,929 | At Expiration | 3.08 | 3.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | ESTADO | Chile | US$ | 40,000 | - | - | - | - | 40,000 | 41,542 | - | - | - | - | 41,542 | At Expiration | 3.49 | 3.49 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.645.030-K | ITAU | Chile | US$ | 20,000 | - | - | - | - | 20,000 | 20,685 | - | - | - | - | 20,685 | At Expiration | 4.20 | 4.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.951.000-4 | HSBC | Chile | US$ | 12,000 | - | - | - | - | 12,000 | 12,545 | - | - | - | - | 12,545 | At Expiration | 4.15 | 4.15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.023.000-9 | CORPBANCA | Chile | UF | 11,255 | - | - | - | - | 11,255 | 11,665 | - | - | - | - | 11,665 | Quarterly | 3.35 | 3.35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SANTANDER | Spain | US$ | - | - | 139,459 | - | - | 139,459 | 3,300 | - | 139,459 | - | - | 142,759 | Quarterly | 2.80 | 2.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.362.099-9 | BTG PACTUAL CHILE | Chile | UF | - | 67,868 | - | - | - | 67,868 | 1,985 | 67,237 | - | - | - | 69,222 | At Expiration | 3.10 | 3.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with the public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | ESTADO | Chile | UF | - | - | 177,846 | - | 382,267 | 560,113 | 25,729 | - | 177,715 | - | 395,652 | 599,096 | At Expiration | 4.81 | 4.81 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANK OF NEW YORK | U.S.A. | US$ | - | - | - | 700,000 | 800,000 | 1,500,000 | 82,572 | - | - | 698,450 | 803,289 | 1,584,311 | At Expiration | 7.16 | 6.94 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 31,039 | 43,655 | 91,002 | 97,621 | 210,956 | 474,273 | 40,931 | 47,668 | 87,767 | 96,513 | 209,612 | 482,491 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 2.95 | 2.95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 42,740 | 34,150 | 77,693 | 81,244 | 35,302 | 271,129 | 50,001 | 34,150 | 75,808 | 80,316 | 34,969 | 275,244 | Quarterly | 3.11 | 3.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | INVESTEC | England | US$ | 6,329 | 11,606 | 19,935 | - | - | 37,870 | 7,952 | 12,522 | 19,588 | - | - | 40,062 | Semiannual | 6.21 | 6.21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 30,590 | 24,080 | 67,730 | 72,881 | 187,132 | 382,413 | 39,516 | 24,080 | 67,014 | 72,494 | 186,283 | 389,387 | Quarterly | 2.88 | 2.88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SMBC | U.S.A. | US$ | 130,000 | - | - | - | - | 130,000 | 131,662 | - | - | - | - | 131,662 | At Expiration | 1.73 | 1.73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | SWAP Received aircraft | - | US$ | 10 | - | - | - | - | 10 | 10 | - | - | - | - | 10 | Quarterly | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | - | 273,199 | - | - | - | 273,199 | 1,395 | 272,794 | - | - | - | 274,189 | At Expiration | 1.92 | 1.92 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 82,498 | 72,206 | 117,084 | 19,731 | - | 291,519 | 88,880 | 72,206 | 114,589 | 19,499 | - | 295,174 | Quarterly | 2.67 | 2.67 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | - | - | 600,000 | - | - | 600,000 | 138 | - | 600,000 | - | - | 600,138 | At Expiration | 2.27 | 2.27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANK OF UTAH | U.S.A. | US$ | - | - | 793,003 | - | - | 793,003 | - | - | 769,615 | - | - | 769,615 | At Expiration | 18.95 | 12.26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | ING | U.S.A. | US$ | 5,965 | - | - | - | - | 5,965 | 6,017 | - | - | - | - | 6,017 | Quarterly | 5.71 | 5.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 13,875 | 2,034 | 2,052 | - | - | 17,961 | 13,922 | 2,034 | 2,052 | - | - | 18,008 | Quarterly | 1.99 | 1.54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 77,994 | 58,993 | 113,186 | 43,778 | 18,841 | 312,792 | 78,860 | 58,993 | 109,086 | 42,558 | 18,619 | 308,116 | Quarterly | 2.58 | 1.77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PEFCO | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,926 | - | - | - | - | 1,926 | 1,938 | - | - | - | - | 1,938 | Quarterly | 5.65 | 5.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 14,934 | 2,326 | 791 | - | - | 17,951 | 14,909 | 2,326 | 788 | - | - | 18,023 | Quarterly | 1.81 | 1.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WELLS FARGO | U.S.A. | US$ | 112,987 | 99,975 | 230,416 | 98,028 | - | 541,406 | 114,994 | 99,975 | 219,624 | 96,556 | - | 531,149 | Quarterly | 2.43 | 1.74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.036.000-K | SANTANDER | Chile | US$ | 21,456 | 17,626 | 26,165 | - | - | 65,247 | 21,550 | 17,626 | 25,840 | - | - | 65,016 | Quarterly | 1.30 | 0.76 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | RRPF ENGINE | England | US$ | 2,058 | 3,644 | 7,752 | 5,035 | - | 18,489 | 2,602 | 3,644 | 7,752 | 5,035 | - | 19,033 | Monthly | 4.01 | 4.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | APPLE BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 4,538 | 4,631 | 12,808 | 753 | - | 22,730 | 4,599 | 4,632 | 12,608 | 752 | - | 22,591 | Quarterly | 1.61 | 1.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BTMU | U.S.A. | US$ | 11,519 | 9,385 | 25,937 | 768 | - | 47,609 | 11,595 | 9,386 | 25,563 | 767 | - | 47,311 | Quarterly | 1.63 | 1.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | US BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 58,512 | 49,240 | 135,489 | 84,178 | - | 327,419 | 60,094 | 49,240 | 125,274 | 82,149 | - | 316,757 | Quarterly | 4.00 | 2.82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PK AIRFINANCE | U.S.A. | US$ | 8,996 | 9,062 | 1,464 | - | - | 19,522 | 9,319 | 9,009 | 1,435 | - | - | 19,763 | Monthly | 1.98 | 1.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 815,221 | 783,680 | 2,639,812 | 1,204,017 | 1,634,498 | 7,077,128 | 977,836 | 787,522 | 2,581,577 | 1,195,089 | 1,648,424 | 7,190,448 |
F-96
Interest-bearing loans due in installments to December 31, 2020
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2, Chile.
Nominal values | Accounting values | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Annual | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | nominal | 90 | to one | three | five | five | accounting | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | value | days | year | years | years | years | value | Amortization | rate | rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NEDERLANDSCHE CREDIETVERZEKERING MAATSCHAPPIJ | Netherlands | US$ | 409 | 318 | 216 | - | - | 943 | 333 | 311 | 324 | - | - | 968 | Monthly | 6.01 | 6.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANCO BRADESCO | Brazil | BRL | 80,175 | - | - | - | - | 80,175 | 91,672 | - | - | - | - | 91,672 | Monthly | 4.34 | 4.34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BANCO DO BRASIL | Brazil | BRL | 199,557 | - | - | - | - | 199,557 | 208,987 | - | - | - | - | 208,987 | Monthly | 3.95 | 3.95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial lease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 30,253 | - | 51,007 | - | - | 81,260 | 31,308 | - | 51,007 | - | - | 82,315 | Quarterly / Semiannual | 4.09 | 4.09 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WACAPOU LEASING S.A. | Luxembourg | US$ | 2,342 | 797 | 1,620 | - | - | 4,759 | 2,439 | 797 | 1,620 | - | - | 4,856 | Quarterly | 2.00 | 2.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE MILAN BRANCH | Italy | US$ | 144,120 | - | - | - | - | 144,120 | 141,094 | - | - | - | - | 141,094 | Quarterly | 3.07 | 3.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | GA Telessis LLC | U.S.A. | US$ | 486 | 950 | 2,623 | 2,772 | 5,430 | 12,261 | 486 | 991 | 2,623 | 2,772 | 5,642 | 12,514 | Monthly | 14.72 | 14.72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 457,342 | 2,065 | 55,466 | 2,772 | 5,430 | 523,075 | 476,319 | 2,099 | 55,574 | 2,772 | 5,642 | 542,406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total consolidated | 1,272,563 | 785,745 | 2,695,278 | 1,206,789 | 1,639,928 | 7,600,203 | 1,454,155 | 789,621 | 2,637,151 | 1,197,861 | 1,654,066 | 7,732,854 |
F-97
Interest-bearing loans due in installments to December 31, 2019
Debtor: LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 89.862.200-2, Chile.
Nominal values | Accounting values | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Annual | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | nominal | 90 | to one | three | five | five | accounting | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | value | days | year | years | years | years | value | Amortization | rate | rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.032.000-8 | BBVA | Chile | US$ | 24,000 | 75,000 | - | - | - | 99,000 | 24,910 | 75,000 | - | - | - | 99,910 | At Expiration | 3.29 | 3.29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.003.000-K | BANCO DO BRASIL | Chile | UF | 150,000 | 50,000 | - | - | - | 200,000 | 150,257 | 50,283 | - | - | - | 200,540 | At Expiration | 2.93 | 2.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.951.000-4 | HSBC | Chile | US$ | 12,000 | - | - | - | - | 12,000 | 12,016 | - | - | - | - | 12,016 | At Expiration | 3.25 | 3.25 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.100.458-1 | BLADEX | Chile | US$ | - | 29,000 | - | - | - | 29,000 | - | 29,009 | - | - | - | 29,009 | At Expiration | 2.82 | 2.82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.023.000-9 | CORP BANCA | Chile | UF | 5,205 | 10,410 | - | - | - | 15,615 | 5,192 | 10,369 | - | - | - | 15,561 | Quarterly | 3.35 | 3.35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SANTANDER | Spain | US$ | - | - | 137,860 | - | - | 137,860 | 255 | - | 137,860 | - | - | 138,115 | Quarterly | 3.62 | 4.61 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76.362.099-9 | BTG PACTUAL CHILE | Chile | UF | - | - | 62,769 | - | - | 62,769 | 113 | - | 62,172 | - | - | 62,285 | At Expiration | 3.10 | 3.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with the public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | ESTADO | Chile | UF | - | - | 164,485 | - | 353,547 | 518,032 | - | 2,642 | 164,398 | -366,656 | 533,696 | At Expiration | 4.81 | 4.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.030.000-7 | BANK OF NEW YORK | U.S.A. | US$ | - | - | - | 700,000 | 800,000 | 1,500,000 | 18,640 | 10,779 | - | 698,256 | 803,563 | 1,531,238 | At Expiration | 7.16 | 6.94 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 8,115 | 36,282 | 93,788 | 100,622 | 275,134 | 513,941 | 10,058 | 36,855 | 91,224 | 99,297 | 273,038 | 510,472 | Quarterly | 3.81 | 3.81 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WILMINGTON TRUST | U.S.A. | US$ | 22,090 | 66,710 | 183,332 | 196,452 | 397,639 | 866,223 | 27,229 | 66,710 | 178,784 | 194,741 | 395,983 | 863,447 | Quarterly | 4.45 | 4.45 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 4,805 | 14,608 | 40,414 | 42,626 | 41,022 | 143,475 | 5,461 | 14,608 | 36,178 | 40,932 | 40,310 | 137,489 | Quarterly | 3.76 | 2.68 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 10,675 | 32,708 | 84,674 | 78,123 | 76,726 | 282,906 | 11,410 | 32,708 | 83,072 | 77,195 | 75,928 | 280,313 | Quarterly | 3.82 | 3.82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | INVESTEC | England | US$ | 1,538 | 8,976 | 22,977 | 10,596 | - | 44,087 | 1,867 | 9,112 | 22,597 | 10,565 | - | 44,141 | Semiannual | 6.35 | 6.35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 2,973 | 18,593 | 53,816 | 57,993 | 189,285 | 322,660 | 3,182 | 18,593 | 53,367 | 57,694 | 188,471 | 321,307 | Quarterly | 3.43 | 3.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- | SWAP Received Aircraft | - | US$ | 80 | 78 | - | - | - | 158 | 80 | 78 | - | - | - | 158 | Quarterly | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | - | - | 253,692 | - | - | 253,692 | 2,370 | - | 252,747 | - | - | 255,117 | At Expiration | 3.74 | 3.74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | MUFG | U.S.A. | US$ | 23,669 | 71,432 | 188,440 | 44,482 | - | 328,023 | 23,929 | 71,431 | 185,938 | 44,017 | - | 325,315 | Quarterly | 3.54 | 3.54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | ING | U.S.A. | US$ | 3,875 | 7,931 | - | - | - | 11,806 | 3,952 | 7,931 | - | - | - | 11,883 | Quarterly | 5.71 | 5.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CREDIT AGRICOLE | France | US$ | 4,831 | 14,723 | 6,537 | - | - | 26,091 | 4,943 | 14,723 | 6,537 | - | - | 26,203 | Quarterly | 3.15 | 2.52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 17,972 | 52,790 | 113,746 | 16,399 | - | 200,907 | 18,633 | 52,790 | 112,712 | 16,368 | - | 200,503 | Quarterly | 3.39 | 2.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PEFCO | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,901 | 1,926 | - | - | - | 3,827 | 1,918 | 1,926 | - | - | - | 3,844 | Quarterly | 5.65 | 5.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BNP PARIBAS | U.S.A. | US$ | 8,523 | 23,197 | 25,182 | 20,717 | 10,110 | 87,729 | 9,042 | 23,197 | 24,675 | 20,424 | 9,975 | 87,313 | Quarterly | 3.85 | 3.72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WELLS FARGO | U.S.A. | US$ | 32,321 | 97,956 | 248,086 | 199,037 | 14,284 | 591,684 | 34,868 | 97,956 | 233,822 | 195,209 | 14,138 | 575,993 | Quarterly | 2.67 | 1.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97.036.000-K | SANTANDER | Chile | US$ | 5,690 | 17,255 | 46,472 | 3,134 | - | 72,551 | 5,959 | 17,255 | 45,805 | 3,128 | - | 72,147 | Quarterly | 3.00 | 2.46 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | RRPF ENGINE | England | US$ | 864 | 2,348 | 7,441 | 8,075 | 915 | 19,643 | 908 | 2,348 | 7,441 | 8,075 | 915 | 19,687 | Monthly | 4.01 | 4.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | APPLE BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,483 | 4,509 | 12,474 | 7,242 | - | 25,708 | 1,632 | 4,509 | 12,162 | 7,212 | - | 25,515 | Quarterly | 3.33 | 2.73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | BTMU | U.S.A. | US$ | 3,010 | 9,148 | 25,278 | 13,904 | - | 51,340 | 3,191 | 9,148 | 24,661 | 13,849 | - | 50,849 | Quarterly | 3.33 | 2.73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 702 | 2,173 | 2,279 | - | - | 5,154 | 723 | 2,173 | 2,279 | - | - | 5,175 | Quarterly | 4.41 | 4.41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | KFW IP EX-BANK | Germany | US$ | 1,760 | 3,568 | - | - | - | 5,328 | 1,769 | 3,568 | - | - | - | 5,337 | Quarterly | 3.55 | 3.55 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | AIRBUS FINANCIAL | U.S.A. | US$ | 1,977 | 5,687 | - | - | - | 7,664 | 1,992 | 5,687 | - | - | - | 7,679 | Monthly | 3.31 | 3.31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | US BANK | U.S.A. | US$ | 15,862 | 48,132 | 132,441 | 135,200 | 17,492 | 349,127 | 17,610 | 48,132 | 119,881 | 130,865 | 17,188 | 333,676 | Quarterly | 4.01 | 2.82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | PK AIRFINANCE | U.S.A. | US$ | 2,487 | 7,729 | 17,871 | - | - | 28,087 | 2,530 | 7,729 | 17,871 | - | - | 28,130 | Monthly | 3.45 | 3.45 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | CITIBANK (*) | U.S.A. | US$ | 24,595 | 76,431 | - | - | - | 101,026 | 24,830 | 76,431 | - | - | - | 101,261 | Quarterly | 6.00 | 6.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 393,003 | 789,300 | 1,924,054 | 1,634,602 | 2,176,154 | 6,917,113 | 431,469 | 803,680 | 1,876,183 | 1,617,827 | 2,186,165 | 6,915,324 |
(*) | Securitized bond with the future flows from the sales with credit card in United States and Canada, through the company Guanay Finance Limited. |
F-98
Interest-bearing loans due in installments to December 31, 2019
Debtor: TAM S.A. and Subsidiaries, Tax No. 02.012.862/0001-60, Brazil.
Nominal values | Accounting values | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | More than | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Up to | 90 days | one to | three to | More than | Total | Annual | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creditor | 90 | to one | three | five | five | nominal | 90 | to one | three | five | five | accounting | Effective | Nominal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Creditor | country | Currency | days | year | years | years | years | value | days | year | years | years | years | value | Amortization | rate | rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NEDERLANDSCHE CREDIETVERZEKERING MAATSCHAPPIJ | Netherland | US$ | 148 | 452 | 689 | - | - | 1,289 | 153 | 452 | 689 | - | - | 1,294 | Monthly | 6.01 | 6.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | NATIXIS | France | US$ | 3,243 | 6,906 | 76,107 | - | - | 86,256 | 3,723 | 6,906 | 76,107 | - | - | 86,736 | Quarterly/Semiannual | 6.29 | 6.29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | WACAPOULEASING S.A. | Luxemburg | US$ | 757 | 2,317 | 3,206 | - | - | 6,280 | 777 | 2,317 | 3,206 | - | - | 6,300 | Quarterly | 4.32 | 4.32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE MILAN BRANCH | Italy | US$ | 9,855 | 160,076 | - | - | - | 169,931 | 10,409 | 159,876 | - | - | - | 170,285 | Quarterly | 5.39 | 5.39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0-E | GA Telessis LLC | U.S.A | US$ | 306 | 1,100 | 2,385 | 2,694 | 7,010 | 13,495 | 399 | 1,100 | 2,385 | 2,694 | 7,010 | 13,588 | Monthly | 14.72 | 14.72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 14,309 | 170,851 | 82,387 | 2,694 | 7,010 | 277,251 | 15,461 | 170,651 | 82,387 | 2,694 | 7,010 | 278,203 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total consolidated | 407,312 | 960,151 | 2,006,441 | 1,637,296 | 2,183,164 | 7,194,364 | 446,930 | 974,331 | 1,958,570 | 1,620,521 | 2,193,175 | 7,193,527 |
F-99
(b) | Lease Liability: |
The movement of the lease liabilities corresponding to the years reported are as follow:
Lease | ||||||||||||
Liability | ||||||||||||
Aircraft | Others | total | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Opening balance as January 1, 2018 | 3,037,585 | 109,387 | 3,146,972 | |||||||||
New contracts | 283,620 | 36,191 | 319,811 | |||||||||
Renegotiations | (240,047 | ) | 1,397 | (238,650 | ) | |||||||
Payments | (526,071 | ) | (30,316 | ) | (556,387 | ) | ||||||
Accrued interest | 174,327 | 8,623 | 182,950 | |||||||||
Exchange differences | - | (5,667 | ) | (5,667 | ) | |||||||
Other increases (decreases) | 8,395 | 625 | 9,020 | |||||||||
Changes | (299,776 | ) | 10,853 | (288,923 | ) | |||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 2,737,809 | 120,240 | 2,858,049 | |||||||||
Opening balance as January 1, 2019 | 2,737,809 | 120,240 | 2,858,049 | |||||||||
New contracts | 719,525 | 23,878 | 743,403 | |||||||||
Renegotiations | (41,535 | ) | 12,208 | (29,327 | ) | |||||||
Payments | (539,549 | ) | (37,391 | ) | (576,940 | ) | ||||||
Accrued interest | 165,981 | 11,968 | 177,949 | |||||||||
Exchange differences | - | 1,614 | 1,614 | |||||||||
Cumulative translation adjustment | - | (467 | ) | (467 | ) | |||||||
Other increases (decreases) | - | (2,124 | ) | (2,124 | ) | |||||||
Changes | 304,422 | 9,686 | 314,108 | |||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 3,042,231 | 129,926 | 3,172,157 | |||||||||
Opening balance as January 1, 2020 | 3,042,231 | 129,926 | 3,172,157 | |||||||||
New contracts | - | 543 | 543 | |||||||||
Write off | (7,435 | ) | (285 | ) | (7,720 | ) | ||||||
Renegotiations | (35,049 | ) | 4,919 | (30,130 | ) | |||||||
Payments | (131,427 | ) | (36,689 | ) | (168,116 | ) | ||||||
Accrued interest | 158,253 | 9,348 | 167,601 | |||||||||
Exchange differences | - | (7,967 | ) | (7,967 | ) | |||||||
Cumulative translation adjustment | - | (38 | ) | (38 | ) | |||||||
Other increases (decreases) | - | (5,324 | ) | (5,324 | ) | |||||||
Changes | (15,658 | ) | (35,493 | ) | (51,151 | ) | ||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | 3,026,573 | 94,433 | 3,121,006 |
The company recognizes the interest payments related to the lease liabilities in the consolidated result under Financial expenses (See Note 27 (d)).
F-100
(c) | Hedge derivatives |
Current liabilities | Non-current liabilities | Total hedge derivatives | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Accrued interest from the last date of interest rate swap | - | 1,723 | - | - | - | 1,723 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of interest rate derivatives | 2,734 | 302 | - | 22 | 2,734 | 324 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of fuel derivatives | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of foreign currency derivatives | - | 48,347 | - | - | - | 48,347 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total hedge derivatives | 2,734 | 50,372 | - | 22 | 2,734 | 50,394 |
(d) | Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting |
Total derivatives of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | Non-current liabilities | no coverage | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December | December | December | December | December | December | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Derivative of foreign currency not registered as hedge | 2,937 | - | - | - | 2,937 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total derived not qualify - as hedge accounting | 2,937 | - | - | - | 2,937 | - |
The foreign currency derivatives correspond to options, forwards and swaps.
Hedging operation
The fair values of net assets/ (liabilities), by type of derivative, of the contracts held as hedging instruments are presented below:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Cross currency swaps (CCS) (1) | - | (22,662 | ) | |||||
Interest rate swaps (2) | (2,734 | ) | 2,618 | |||||
Fuel options (3) | 1,296 | 48,542 | ||||||
Currency options R$/US$ (4) | - | (41 | ) |
(1) | Covers the significant variations in cash flows associated with market risk implicit in the changes in the 3-month LIBOR interest rate and the exchange rate US$/UF of bank loans. These contracts are recorded as cash flow hedges and fair value. |
(2) | Covers the significant variations in cash flows associated with market risk implicit in the increases in the 3 months LIBOR interest rates for long-term loans incurred in the acquisition of aircraft and bank loans. These contracts are recorded as cash flow hedges. |
(3) | Covers significant variations in cash flows associated with market risk implicit in the changes in the price of future fuel purchases. These contracts are recorded as cash flow hedges. |
F-101
(4) | They cover the exposure to foreign exchange risk of operating cash flows, mainly caused by the fluctuation of the CLP/US$, R$/US$, US$/EUR and US$/GBP exchange rate. These contracts are registered as cash flow hedge contracts. |
The Company only has cash flow and fair value hedges (in the case of CCS). In the case of fuel hedges, the cash flows subject to such hedges will occur and will impact results in the next 12 months from the date of the consolidated statement of financial position, while in the case of hedges of interest rates, these they will occur and will impact results throughout the life of the associated loans, up to their maturity. In the case of currency hedges through a CCS, there is a group of hedging relationships, in which two types of hedge accounting are generated, one of cash flow for the US $ / UF component; and another of fair value, for the floating rate component US $. The other group of hedging relationships only generates cash flow hedge accounting for the US $ / UF component.
All hedging operations have been performed for highly probable transactions, except for fuel hedge. See Note 3.
Since none of the hedges resulted in the recognition of a non-financial asset, no portion of the result of derivatives recognized in equity was transferred to the initial value of that type of asset.
The amounts recognized in comprehensive income during the period and transferred from net equity to income are as follows:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Debit (credit) recognized in comprehensive income during the period | (119,970 | ) | 66,856 | (27,797 | ) | |||||||
Debit (credit) transferred from net equity to income during the period | (13,016 | ) | (30,074 | ) | 39,915 |
See note 3.1 a) for reclassification to profit or loss for each hedging operation and Note 18 b) for deferred taxes related.
NOTE 20 - TRADE AND OTHER ACCOUNTS PAYABLES
The composition of Trade and other accounts payables is as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Current | ||||||||
(a) Trade and other accounts payables | 1,757,799 | 1,671,304 | ||||||
(b) Accrued liabilities at the reporting date | 564,326 | 551,570 | ||||||
Total trade and other accounts payables | 2,322,125 | 2,222,874 |
F-102
(a) Trade and other accounts payable:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Trade creditors | 1,281,432 | 1,408,690 | ||||||
Other accounts payable | 476,367 | 262,614 | ||||||
Total | 1,757,799 | 1,671,304 |
The details of Trade and other accounts payables are as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Suppliers technical purchases | 281,452 | 145,973 | ||||||
Boarding Fees | 181,049 | 234,070 | ||||||
Professional services and advisory | 146,753 | 87,825 | ||||||
Aircraft Fuel | 143,119 | 476,320 | ||||||
Handling and ground handling | 137,626 | 114,163 | ||||||
Airport charges and overflight | 142,709 | 81,459 | ||||||
Leases, maintenance and IT services | 110,472 | 59,011 | ||||||
Other personnel expenses | 105,696 | 93,490 | ||||||
Maintenance | 116,103 | 42,202 | ||||||
Services on board | 58,099 | 59,647 | ||||||
Marketing | 53,419 | 60,850 | ||||||
Air companies | 27,668 | 79,958 | ||||||
Crew | 16,541 | 22,921 | ||||||
Land services | 10,466 | 18,166 | ||||||
Achievement of goals | 7,840 | 30,635 | ||||||
Jol Fleet | 6,622 | 3,997 | ||||||
Others | 212,165 | 60,617 | ||||||
Total trade and other accounts payables | 1,757,799 | 1,671,304 |
F-103
(b) Liabilities accrued:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Aircraft and engine maintenance | 460,082 | 292,793 | ||||||
Accrued personnel expenses | 72,696 | 118,199 | ||||||
Accounts payable to personnel (*) | 2,186 | 91,153 | ||||||
Others accrued liabilities (**) | 29,362 | 49,425 | ||||||
Total accrued liabilities | 564,326 | 551,570 |
(*) | Profits and bonus participation (Note 23 letter b). |
(**) | See Note 22. |
The balances include the amounts that will be part of the reorganization agreement, product of the entry into the Chapter 11 process on May 26, 2020 for LATAM, and July 08 for certain subsidiaries in Brazil.
Current liabilities | Non-current liabilities | Total Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Provision for contingencies (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax contingencies | 21,188 | 2,033 | 364,342 | 164,190 | 385,530 | 166,223 | ||||||||||||||||||
Civil contingencies | 2,266 | 2,202 | 103,984 | 66,605 | 106,250 | 68,807 | ||||||||||||||||||
Labor contingencies | 320 | 971 | 48,115 | 26,505 | 48,435 | 27,476 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | - | - | 17,821 | 19,886 | 17,821 | 19,886 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision for European | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commission investigation (2) | - | - | 10,097 | 9,217 | 10,097 | 9,217 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for onerous contracts (3) | - | - | 44,000 | - | 44,000 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total other provisions (4) | 23,774 | 5,206 | 588,359 | 286,403 | 612,133 | 291,609 |
(1) | Provisions for contingencies: |
The tax contingencies correspond to litigation and tax criteria related to the tax treatment applicable to direct and indirect taxes, which are found in both administrative and judicial stage.
F-104
The civil contingencies correspond to different demands of civil order filed against the Company.
The labor contingencies correspond to different demands of labor order filed against the Company.
The Provisions are recognized in the consolidated income statement in administrative expenses or tax expenses, as appropriate.
(2) | Provision made for proceedings brought by the European Commission for possible breaches of free competition in the freight market. |
(3) | Based on market information on the drop in the price of some assets, a provision was made for onerous contracts associated with the purchase commitments of aircraft. |
(4) | Total other provision as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, include the fair value correspond to those contingencies from the business combination with TAM S.A and subsidiaries, with a probability of loss under 50%, which are not provided for the normal application of IFRS enforcement and that only must be recognized in the context of a business combination in accordance with IFRS 3. |
Movement of provisions:
European | ||||||||||||||||
Legal | Commission | Onerous | ||||||||||||||
claims (1) | Investigation (2) | Contracts | Total | |||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2018 | 367,493 | 9,883 | - | 377,376 | ||||||||||||
Increase in provisions | 106,870 | - | - | 106,870 | ||||||||||||
Provision used | (59,032 | ) | - | - | (59,032 | ) | ||||||||||
Difference by subsidiaries conversion | (48,330 | ) | - | - | (48,330 | ) | ||||||||||
Reversal of provision | (66,965 | ) | - | - | (66,965 | ) | ||||||||||
Exchange difference | (1,150 | ) | (480 | ) | - | (1,630 | ) | |||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | 298,886 | 9,403 | - | 308,289 | ||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2019 | 298,886 | 9,403 | - | 308,289 | ||||||||||||
Increase in provisions | 134,847 | - | - | 134,847 | ||||||||||||
Provision used | (82,212 | ) | - | - | (82,212 | ) | ||||||||||
Difference by subsidiaries conversion | (10,764 | ) | - | - | (10,764 | ) | ||||||||||
Reversal of provision | (58,063 | ) | - | - | (58,063 | ) | ||||||||||
Exchange difference | (302 | ) | (186 | ) | - | (488 | ) | |||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | 282,392 | 9,217 | - | 291,609 | ||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2020 | 282,392 | 9,217 | - | 291,609 | ||||||||||||
Increase in provisions | 408,078 | - | 44,000 | 452,078 | ||||||||||||
Provision used | (47,238 | ) | - | - | (47,238 | ) | ||||||||||
Difference by subsidiaries conversion | (58,654 | ) | - | - | (58,654 | ) | ||||||||||
Reversal of provision | (25,563 | ) | - | - | (25,563 | ) | ||||||||||
Exchange difference | (979 | ) | 880 | - | (99 | ) | ||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | 558,036 | 10,097 | 44,000 | 612,133 |
F-105
(1) | Accumulated balances include a judicial deposit delivered in guarantee, with respect to the “Fundo Aeroviario” (FA), for ThUS$ 69, made in order to suspend the collection and the application of a fine. The Company is discussing in Court the constitutionality of the requirement made by FA calculated at the ratio of 2.5% on the payroll in a legal claim. Initially the payment of said contribution was suspended by a preliminary judicial decision and about 10 years later, this same decision was reversed. As the decision is not final, the Company has deposited the securities open until that date, in order to avoid collection processing and the application of the fine. |
Finally, if the final decision is favorable to the Company, the deposit made and payments made later will return to TAM. On the other hand, if the court confirms the first decision, said deposit will become a final payment in favor of the Government of Brazil. The procedural stage as of December 31, 2020 is described in Note 31 in the Role of the case 2001.51.01.012530-0.
(2) | European Commission Provision |
Provision constituted on the occasion of the process initiated in December 2007 by the General Competition Directorate of the European Commission against more than 25 cargo airlines, among which is Lan Cargo SA, which forms part of the global investigation initiated in 2006 for possible infractions of free competition in the air cargo market, which was carried out jointly by the European and United States authorities.
With respect to Europe, the General Directorate of Competition imposed fines totaling € 799,445,000 (seven hundred and ninety-nine million four hundred and forty-five thousand Euros) for infractions of European Union regulations on free competition against eleven (11) airlines, among which are LATAM Airlines Group SA and its subsidiary Lan Cargo S.A .,For its part, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Lan Cargo S.A., jointly and severally, have been fined for the amount of € 8,220,000 (eight million two hundred twenty thousand euros), for these infractions, an amount that was provisioned in the financial statements of LATAM. On January 24, 2011, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Lan Cargo S.A. They appealed the decision before the Court of Justice of the European Union. On December 16, 2015, the European Court resolved the appeal and annulled the Commission’s Decision. The European Commission did not appeal the judgment, but on March 17, 2017, the European Commission again adopted its original decision to impose on the eleven lines original areas, the same fine previously imposed, amounting to a total of 776,465,000 Euros. In the case of LAN Cargo and its parent, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. imposed the same fine mentioned above. The procedural stage as of December 31, 2020 is described in Note 31 in section 2 judgments received by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries.
F-106
NOTE 22 - OTHER NON-FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Current liabilities | Non-current liabilities | Total Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenues (1)(2) | 2,036,880 | 2,689,083 | 702,008 | 851,383 | 2,738,888 | 3,540,466 | ||||||||||||||||||
Sales tax | 7,609 | 2,556 | - | - | 7,609 | 2,556 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retentions | 27,853 | 43,916 | - | - | 27,853 | 43,916 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others taxes | 3,931 | 7,555 | - | - | 3,931 | 7,555 | ||||||||||||||||||
Dividends payable | - | 57,129 | - | - | - | 57,129 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other sundry liabilities | 12,518 | 34,982 | - | - | 12,518 | 34,982 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total other non-financial liabilities | 2,088,791 | 2,835,221 | 702,008 | 851,383 | 2,790,799 | 3,686,604 |
Deferred Income Movement
Deferred income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial balance | (1) Recognition | Use | Loyalty (accreditation and exchange) | Expiration of tickets | Adjustment application IAS 29, Argentina hyperinflation | Others Provisions | Final balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 2,974,760 | 8,264,970 | (7,703,011 | ) | 124,548 | (156,435 | ) | 2,232 | 33,402 | 3,540,466 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 3,540,466 | 1,970,203 | (2,554,476 | ) | (137,176 | ) | (72,670 | ) | (3,485 | ) | (3,974 | ) | 2,738,888 |
(1) | The balance includes mainly, deferred income for services not provided as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019; and for the frequent flyer LATAM Pass program. |
LATAM Pass is LATAM’s frequent flyer program that allows rewarding the preference and loyalty of its customers with multiple benefits and privileges, through the accumulation of miles or points that can be exchanged for tickets or for a varied range of products and services. Clients accumulate miles or LATAM Pass points every time they fly in LATAM and other connections associated with the program, as well as buy in stores or use the services of a vast network of companies that have agreements with the program around the world.
On September 26, 2019, the Company signed a framework agreement with Delta Air Lines, Inc, in which the latter agreed to pay ThUS $ 350,000 for compensation of costs and income that the Company must incur or stop receiving, respectively, during the transition period until the implementation of the strategic alliance.
During December 2019, the Company sold its rights to receive future payments of the committed transition. The payments consisted of ThUS $ 200,000 payable in 8 quarterly installments of ThUS $ 25,000 as of January 2, 2020. On December 13, 2019, the Company received ThUS $ 194,068 for said sale.
The account receivable was derecognized and the interest of ThUS $ 5,932 was recognized in the item Financial Costs of the Consolidated Statement of Income.
F-107
(2) | As of December 31, 2020, Deferred Income includes ThUS $ 179,612 corresponding to the balance to be accrued from the committed compensation from Delta Air Lines, Inc., which is recognized in Income Statement, based on the estimation of differentials of income, until the implementation of the strategic alliance. During the period, the Company has recognized ThUS $ 132,467 for this concept. |
Additionally, the Company maintains a balance of ThUS $ 29,507 in the Trade accounts payable item of the Statement of Financial Position, corresponding to the compensation of costs to be incurred.
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Retirements payments | 51,007 | 64,824 | ||||||
Resignation payments | 8,230 | 9,722 | ||||||
Other obligations | 14,879 | 19,024 | ||||||
Total liability for employee benefits | 74,116 | 93,570 |
(a) The movement in retirements and resignation payments and other obligations:
Increase (decrease) | Actuarial | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Opening | current service | Benefits | (gains) | Currency | Closing | |||||||||||||||||||
balance | provision | paid | losses | translation | balance | |||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2018 | 101,087 | (7,384 | ) | (6,018 | ) | 5,819 | (11,139 | ) | 82,365 | |||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 82,365 | 11,242 | (4,390 | ) | 10,636 | (6,283 | ) | 93,570 | ||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 93,570 | (18,759 | ) | (8,634 | ) | 3,968 | 3,971 | 74,116 |
F-108
The principal assumptions used in the calculation to the provision in Chile, are presented below:
For the period ended | ||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||
Assumptions | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
Discount rate | 2.67 | % | 3.13 | % | ||||
Expected rate of salary increase | 2.80 | % | 4.50 | % | ||||
Rate of turnover | 5.56 | % | 6.04 | % | ||||
Mortality rate | RV-2014 | RV-2014 | ||||||
Inflation rate | 2.8 | % | 2.8 | % | ||||
Retirement age of women | 60 | 60 | ||||||
Retirement age of men | 65 | 65 |
The discount rate corresponds to the 20 years Central Bank of Chile Bonds (BCP). The RV-2014 mortality tables correspond to those established by the Commission for the Financial Market of Chile and; for the determination of the inflation rates; the market performance curves of BCU Central Bank of Chile papers have been used and BCP long term at the scope date.
The calculation of the present value of the defined benefit obligation is sensitive to the variation of some actuarial assumptions such as discount rate, salary increase, rotation and inflation.
The sensitivity analysis for these variables is presented below:
Effect on the liability | ||||||||
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Discount rate | ||||||||
Change in the accrued liability an closing for increase in 100 p.b. | (4,576 | ) | (7,257 | ) | ||||
Change in the accrued liability an closing for decrease of 100 p.b. | 5,244 | 5,365 | ||||||
Rate of wage growth | ||||||||
Change in the accrued liability an closing for increase in 100 p.b. | 4,946 | 4,989 | ||||||
Change in the accrued liability an closing for decrease of 100 p.b. | (4,678 | ) | (7,159 | ) |
(b) The liability for short-term:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Profit-sharing and bonuses (*) | 2,186 | 91,153 |
(*) Accounts payables to employees (Note 20 letter b)
F-109
The participation in profits and bonuses related to an annual incentive plan for achievement of certain objectives.
(c) Employment expenses are detailed below:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Salaries and wages | 850,557 | 1,478,804 | 1,481,357 | |||||||||
Short-term employee benefits | 41,259 | 147,576 | 132,394 | |||||||||
Termination benefits (*) | - | 54,256 | 54,007 | |||||||||
Other personnel expenses | 70,244 | 114,126 | 152,211 | |||||||||
Total | 962,060 | 1,794,762 | 1,819,969 |
(*) The termination benefits related to the reorganization under Chapter 11 are classified in Note 27, Restructuring activities expense.
NOTE 24 - ACCOUNTS PAYABLE, NON-CURRENT
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Aircraft and engine maintenance | 392,347 | 412,710 | ||||||
Fleet (JOL) | 208,037 | 190,225 | ||||||
Provision for vacations and bonuses | 15,036 | 15,868 | ||||||
Other sundry liabilities | 36,180 | 307 | ||||||
Total accounts payable, non-current | 651,600 | 619,110 |
(a) Capital
The Company’s objective is to maintain an appropriate level of capitalization that enables it to ensure access to the financial markets for carrying out its medium and long-term objectives, optimizing the return for its shareholders and maintaining a solid financial position.
The paid capital of the Company at December 31, 2020 amounts to ThUS$ 3,146,265 divided into 606,407,693 common stock of a same series (ThUS$ 3,146,265 divided into 606,407,693 shares as of December 31, 2019), a single series nominative, ordinary character with no par value. There are no special series of shares and no privileges. The form of its stock certificates and their issuance, exchange, disablement, loss, replacement and other similar circumstances, as well as the transfer of the shares, is governed by the provisions of Corporations Law and its regulations.
F-110
(b) Subscribed and paid shares
During the year 2019, the Company fully reduced 466,832 shares pending placement and payment, corresponding to the authorized capital increase in the extraordinary shareholders meeting of August 18, 2016. Consequently, as of December 31, 2020, the statutory capital of the Company is demonstrated by 606,407,693 shares fully subscribed and paid.
The following table shows the movement of authorized and fully paid shares previously described above:
Movement of authorized shares | ||||||||||||
Nro. Of shares | Opening balance | Expired shares intended for compensation plans and others | Closing balance | |||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 606,874,525 | (466,832 | ) | 606,407,693 | ||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 606,407,693 | - | 606,407,693 |
Movement fully paid shares
N° of shares | Movement value of shares (1) ThUS$ | Cost of issuance and placement of shares (2) ThUS$ | Paid- in Capital ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Paid shares as of January 1, 2018 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 | |||||||||||
There are no movements of shares paid during the 2018 period | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Paid shares as of December 31, 2018 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 | |||||||||||
Paid shares as of January 1, 2019 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 | |||||||||||
There are no movements of shares paid during the 2019 period | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Paid shares as of December 31, 2019 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 | |||||||||||
Paid shares as of January 1, 2020 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 | |||||||||||
There are no movements of shares paid during the 2020 period | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Paid shares as of December 31, 2020 | 606,407,693 | 3,160,718 | (14,453 | ) | 3,146,265 |
(1) | Amounts reported represent only those arising from the payment of the shares subscribed. |
(2) | Decrease of capital by capitalization of reserves for cost of issuance and placement of shares established according to Extraordinary Shareholder´s Meetings, where such decreases were authorized. |
(c) Treasury stock
At December 31, 2020, the Company held no treasury stock, the remaining of ThUS$ (178) corresponds to the difference between the amount paid for the shares and their book value, at the time of the full right decrease of the shares which held in its portfolio.
F-111
(d) | Reserve of share- based payments |
Movement of Reserves of share- based payments:
Stock | ||||||||||||
Opening | option | Closing | ||||||||||
Periods | balance | plan | balance | |||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2018 | 39,481 | (1,607 | ) | 37,874 | ||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 37,874 | (1,585 | ) | 36,289 | ||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 36,289 | 946 | 37,235 |
These reserves are related to the “Share-based payments” explained in Note 34.
(e) | Other sundry reserves |
Movement of Other sundry reserves:
Opening | Transactions | Legal | Closing | |||||||||||||
Periods | balance | with minorities | reserves | balance | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2018 | 2,639,780 | - | (864 | ) | 2,638,916 | |||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 2,638,916 | (184,135 | ) | (2,312 | ) | 2,452,469 | ||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 2,452,469 | (3,125 | ) | 2,675 | 2,452,019 |
Balance of Other sundry reserves comprise the following:
As of | As of | As of | ||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Higher value for TAM S.A. share exchange (1) | 2,665,692 | 2,665,692 | 2,665,692 | |||||||||
Reserve for the adjustment to the value of fixed assets (2) | 2,620 | 2,620 | 2,620 | |||||||||
Transactions with non-controlling interest (3) | (213,273 | ) | (210,048 | ) | (25,913 | ) | ||||||
Others | (3,020 | ) | (5,795 | ) | (3,483 | ) | ||||||
Total | 2,452,019 | 2,452,469 | 2,638,916 |
(1) | Corresponds to the difference between the value of the shares of TAM S.A., acquired by Sister Holdco S.A. (under the Subscriptions) and by Holdco II S.A. (by virtue of the Exchange Offer), which is recorded in the declaration of completion of the merger by absorption, and the fair value of the shares exchanged by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. as of June 22, 2012. |
(2) | Corresponds to the technical revaluation of the fixed assets authorized by the Commission for the Financial Market in the year 1979, in Circular No. 1529. The revaluation was optional and could be made only once; the originated reserve is not distributable and can only be capitalized. |
F-112
(3) | The balance as of December 31, 2020 corresponds to the loss generated by: Lan Pax Group S.A. e Inversiones Lan S.A. in the acquisition of shares of Aerovías de Integración Regional Aires S.A. for ThUS $ (3,480) and ThUS $ (20), respectively; the acquisition of TAM S.A. of the minority interest in Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A. for ThUS $ (885), the acquisition of Inversiones Lan S.A. of the minority participation in Aires Integra Regional Airlines S.A. for an amount of ThUS $ (2) and the acquisition of a minority stake in Aerolane S.A. by Lan Pax Group S.A. for an amount of ThUS $ (21,526) through Holdco Ecuador S.A. (3) The loss due to the acquisition of the minority interest of Multiplus S.A. for ThUS $ (184,135) (see Note 1), (4) and the acquisition of a minority interest in Latam Airlines Perú S.A through Latam Airlines Group S.A for an amount of ThUS $ (3,225). |
(f) | Reserves with effect in other comprehensive income. |
Movement of Reserves with effect in other comprehensive income:
Actuarial gain | ||||||||||||||||
Currency | Cash flow | or loss on defined | ||||||||||||||
translation | hedging | benefit plans | ||||||||||||||
reserve | reserve | reserve | T otal | |||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2018 | (1,925,714 | ) | 18,140 | (10,926 | ) | (1,918,500 | ) | |||||||||
Increase (decrease) by application of new accounting standards | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Initial balance | (1,925,714 | ) | 18,140 | (10,926 | ) | (1,918,500 | ) | |||||||||
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognised in OCI | - | (56,917 | ) | - | (56,917 | ) | ||||||||||
Reclassified from OCI to profit or loss | - | 30,018 | - | 30,018 | ||||||||||||
Deferred tax | - | (574 | ) | - | (574 | ) | ||||||||||
Actuarial reserves by employee benefit plans | - | - | (5,818 | ) | (5,818 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax actuarial IAS by employee benefit plans | - | - | 1,566 | 1,566 | ||||||||||||
Translation difference subsidiaries | (730,930 | ) | - | - | (730,930 | ) | ||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2018 | (2,656,644 | ) | (9,333 | ) | (15,178 | ) | (2,681,155 | ) | ||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2019 | (2,656,644 | ) | (9,333 | ) | (15,178 | ) | (2,681,155 | ) | ||||||||
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognised in OCI | - | 95,954 | - | 95,954 | ||||||||||||
Reclassified from OCI to profit or loss | - | (30,074 | ) | - | (30,074 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax | - | 345 | - | 345 | ||||||||||||
Actuarial reserves by employee benefit plans | - | - | (10,635 | ) | (10,635 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax actuarial IAS by employee benefit plans | - | - | 2,873 | 2,873 | ||||||||||||
Translation difference subsidiaries | (233,643 | ) | - | - | (233,643 | ) | ||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2019 | (2,890,287 | ) | 56,892 | (22,940 | ) | (2,856,335 | ) | |||||||||
Opening balance as of January 1, 2020 | (2,890,287 | ) | 56,892 | (22,940 | ) | (2,856,335 | ) | |||||||||
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognised in OCI | - | (105,776 | ) | - | (105,776 | ) | ||||||||||
Reclassified from OCI to profit or loss | - | (13,016 | ) | - | (13,016 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax | - | 959 | - | 959 | ||||||||||||
Actuarial reserves by employee benefit plans | - | - | (3,968 | ) | (3,968 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred tax actuarial IAS by employee benefit plans | - | - | 923 | 923 | ||||||||||||
Translation difference subsidiaries | (900,226 | ) | - | - | (900,226 | ) | ||||||||||
Closing balance as of December 31, 2020 | (3,790,513 | ) | (60,941 | ) | (25,985 | ) | (3,877,439 | ) |
F-113
(f.1) Cumulative translate difference
These are originate from exchange differences arising from the translation of any investment in foreign entities (or Chilean investment with a functional currency different to that of the parent), and from loans and other instruments in foreign currency designated as hedges for such investments. When the investment (all or part) is sold or disposed and a loss of control occurs, these reserves are shown in the consolidated statement of income as part of the loss or gain on the sale or disposal. If the sale does not involve loss of control, these reserves are transferred to non-controlling interests.
(f.2) Cash flow hedging reserve
These are originate from the fair value valuation at the end of each period of the outstanding derivative contracts that have been defined as cash flow hedges. When these contracts expire, these reserves should be adjusted, and the corresponding results recognized.
(f.3) Reserves of actuarial gains or losses on defined benefit plans
Correspond to the increase or decrease in the obligation present value for defined benefit plan due to changes in actuarial assumptions, and experience adjustments, which are the effects of differences between the previous actuarial assumptions and the actual event.
(g) Retained earnings/(losses)
Movement of Retained earnings/(losses):
Increase | Result | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Opening | (decrease) by | for the | increase | Closing | ||||||||||||||||||||
Periods | balance | new standards | period | Dividends | (decreases) | balance | ||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2018 | (31,464 | ) | (9,548 | ) | 309,811 | (54,580 | ) | 4,752 | 218,971 | |||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2019 | 218,971 | - | 190,430 | (57,129 | ) | - | 352,272 | |||||||||||||||||
From January 1 to December 31, 2020 | 352,272 | - | (4,545,887 | ) | - | - | (4,193,615 | ) |
(h) | Dividends per share |
Minimum mandatory | Minimum mandatory | |||
dividend | dividend | |||
Description of dividend | 2020 | 2019 | ||
Date of dividend | 12-31-2020 | 12-31-2019 | ||
Amount of the dividend (ThUS$) | - | 57,129 | ||
Number of shares among which the dividend is distributed | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | ||
Dividend per share (US$) | - | 0.0942 |
F-114
The detail of revenues is as follows:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Passengers | 2,713,774 | 9,005,629 | 8,708,988 | |||||||||
Cargo | 1,209,893 | 1,064,434 | 1,186,468 | |||||||||
Total | 3,923,667 | 10,070,063 | 9,895,456 |
NOTE 27 - COSTS AND EXPENSES BY NATURE
(a) | Costs and operating expenses |
The main operating costs and administrative expenses are detailed below:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Aircraft fuel | 1,045,343 | 2,929,008 | 2,983,028 | |||||||||
Other rentals and landing fees (*) | 720,005 | 1,275,859 | 1,206,881 | |||||||||
Aircraft maintenance | 472,382 | 444,611 | 366,627 | |||||||||
Comisions | 91,910 | 221,884 | 222,506 | |||||||||
Passenger services | 97,688 | 261,330 | 280,279 | |||||||||
Other operating expenses | 1,221,183 | 1,291,895 | 1,229,311 | |||||||||
Total | 3,648,511 | 6,424,587 | 6,288,632 |
(*) | Lease expenses are included within this amount (See Note 2.21) |
For the period ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Payments for leases of low-value assets | 21,178 | 31,982 | 27,929 | |||||||||
Rent concessions recognized directly in profit or loss | (110 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Total | 21,068 | 31,982 | 27,929 |
F-115
(b) | Depreciation and amortization |
Depreciation and amortization are detailed below:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Depreciation (*) | 1,219,586 | 1,389,465 | 1,307,032 | |||||||||
Amortization | 169,800 | 80,511 | 65,596 | |||||||||
Total | 1,389,386 | 1,469,976 | 1,372,628 |
(*) | Included within this amount is the depreciation of the Properties, plants and equipment (See Note 17 (a)) and the maintenance of the aircraft recognized as assets by right of use. The maintenance cost amount included in the depreciation line for the year ended December 31, 2020 is ThUS $ 276,908 and ThUS $ 445,680 for the same year 2019. |
(c) | Financial costs |
The detail of financial costs is as follows:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Bank loan interest | 314,468 | 325,650 | 283,786 | |||||||||
Financial leases | 45,245 | 61,980 | 62,202 | |||||||||
Lease liabilities | 170,918 | 181,814 | 182,868 | |||||||||
Other financial instruments | 56,348 | 20,490 | 10,281 | |||||||||
Total | 586,979 | 589,934 | 539,137 |
Costs and expenses by nature presented in this Note plus the Employee expenses disclosed in Note 23, are equivalent to the sum of cost of sales, distribution costs, administrative expenses, other expenses and financing costs presented in the consolidated statement of income by function.
(d) | Restructuring activities expenses |
The Restructuring activities expenses are detailed below:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Fair value adjustment of fleet available for sale | 331,522 | - | - | |||||||||
Rejection of aircraft lease contract | 269,467 | - | - | |||||||||
Employee restructuring plan (*) | 290,831 | - | - | |||||||||
Legal and financial advice | 76,541 | - | - | |||||||||
Others | 21,648 | - | - | |||||||||
Total | 990,009 | - | - |
(*) See note 2.1, letter c.
F-116
(e) | Other (gains) losses |
Other (gains) losses are detailed below:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Fuel hedging | 82,487 | - | - | |||||||||
Slot Write Off | 36,896 | - | - | |||||||||
Provision for onerous contract related to purchase commitment | 44,000 | - | - | |||||||||
Goodwill Impairment | 1,728,975 | - | - | |||||||||
Other | (17,569 | ) | (11,525 | ) | 53,499 | |||||||
Total | 1,874,789 | (11,525 | ) | 53,499 |
NOTE 28 - OTHER INCOME, BY FUNCTION
Other income, by function is as follows:
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Coalition and loyalty program Multiplus | - | 36,172 | 126,443 | |||||||||
Tours | 22,499 | 96,997 | 108,448 | |||||||||
Aircraft leasing | 46,045 | 102,704 | 78,056 | |||||||||
Customs and warehousing | 25,138 | 29,353 | 26,667 | |||||||||
Duty free | - | 543 | 3,555 | |||||||||
Maintenance | 18,579 | 10,471 | 16,569 | |||||||||
Income from non-airlines products Latam Pass | 42,913 | 42,791 | 19,864 | |||||||||
Other miscellaneous income (*) | 255,828 | 41,833 | 93,156 | |||||||||
Total | 411,002 | 360,864 | 472,758 |
(*) | For 2020 included in this amount is ThUS$ 62,000 from compensation of the cancellation of the purchase of 4 A350 aircraft from Delta Air Lines Inc and ThUS$ 9,240 to the early return of leased aircraft from Qatar Airways and ThUS$ 132,467 corresponding to compensation of Delta Air Lines Inc from JBA signed in 2019. |
F-117
NOTE 29 - FOREIGN CURRENCY AND EXCHANGE RATE DIFFERENCES
The functional currency of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. is the US dollar, also it has subsidiaries whose functional currency is different to the US dollar, such as the chilean peso, argentine peso, colombian peso, brazilian real and guaraní.
The functional currency is defined as the currency of the primary economic environment in which an entity operates and in each entity and all other currencies are defined as foreign currency.
Considering the above, the balances by currency mentioned in this Note correspond to the sum of foreign currency of each of the entities that make LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries.
Following are the current exchange rates for the US dollar, on the dates indicated:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 84.14 | 59.83 | 37.74 | 18.57 | ||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 5.18 | 4.01 | 3.87 | 3.31 | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 710.95 | 748.74 | 694.77 | 614.75 | ||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 3,421.00 | 3,271.55 | 3,239.45 | 2,984.77 | ||||||||||||
Euro | 0.81 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.83 | ||||||||||||
Australian dollar | 1.30 | 1.43 | 1.42 | 1.28 | ||||||||||||
Boliviano | 6.86 | 6.86 | 6.86 | 6.86 | ||||||||||||
Mexican peso | 19.93 | 18.89 | 19.68 | 19.66 | ||||||||||||
New Zealand dollar | 1.39 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.41 | ||||||||||||
Peruvian Sol | 3.62 | 3.31 | 3.37 | 3.24 | ||||||||||||
Uruguayan peso | 42.14 | 37.24 | 32.38 | 28.74 |
F-118
Foreign currency
The foreign currency detail of balances of monetary items in current and non-current assets is as follows:
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Current assets | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 483,303 | 242,624 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 16,885 | 10,974 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 13,157 | 9,407 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 32,368 | 50,421 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 2,168 | 5,971 | ||||||
Euro | 10,361 | 21,927 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 369,455 | 77,933 | ||||||
Other currency | 38,909 | 65,991 | ||||||
Other financial assets, current | 12,981 | 47,328 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 311 | 7 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 4 | 17,395 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 3,987 | 26,008 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 132 | 138 | ||||||
Euro | 1,867 | - | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 5,639 | 2,795 | ||||||
Other currency | 1,041 | 985 |
F-119
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Current assets | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Other non - financial assets, current | 42,973 | 81,521 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 11,058 | 11,263 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 2,985 | 20,553 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 15,913 | 24,451 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 175 | 61 | ||||||
Euro | 2,667 | 2,878 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 2,351 | 5,140 | ||||||
Other currency | 7,824 | 17,175 | ||||||
Trade and other accounts receivable, current | 177,491 | 501,006 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 1,881 | 22,809 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 841 | 1,457 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 38,340 | 125,342 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 209 | 545 | ||||||
Euro | 24,370 | 32,711 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 98,385 | 257,421 | ||||||
Other currency | 13,465 | 60,721 | ||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities, current | 430 | 537 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 9 | 42 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 421 | 495 | ||||||
Tax current assets | 11,050 | 19,506 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 389 | 1,560 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 887 | 1,006 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 1,003 | 1,111 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 675 | 54 | ||||||
Euro | 235 | 264 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 354 | - | ||||||
Peruvian sun | 5,220 | 13,707 | ||||||
Other currency | 2,287 | 1,804 | ||||||
Total current assets | 728,228 | 892,522 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 30,524 | 46,613 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 17,874 | 49,818 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 91,620 | 227,375 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 3,359 | 6,769 | ||||||
Euro | 39,500 | 57,780 | ||||||
U.S. Dollar | 476,605 | 343,784 | ||||||
Other currency | 68,746 | 160,383 |
F-120
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
Non-current assets | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Other financial assets, non-current | 9,486 | 10,243 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 3,574 | 4,441 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 69 | 65 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 284 | 296 | ||||||
Euro | 1,369 | 1,525 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 2,490 | 2,169 | ||||||
Other currency | 1,700 | 1,747 | ||||||
Other non - financial assets, non-current | 36,251 | 29,166 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 39 | 54 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 12,974 | 7,891 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 3,732 | 3 | ||||||
Other currency | 19,506 | 21,218 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, non-current | 4,984 | 4,722 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 4,984 | 4,722 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets | 2,228 | 3,339 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 221 | 487 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 13 | 856 | ||||||
Other currency | 1,994 | 1,996 | ||||||
Total non-current assets | 52,949 | 47,470 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 39 | 54 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 16,548 | 12,332 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 5,053 | 4,787 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 505 | 783 | ||||||
Euro | 1,369 | 1,525 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 6,235 | 3,028 | ||||||
Other currency | 23,200 | 24,961 |
F-121
The foreign currency detail of balances of monetary items in current liabilities and non-current is as follows:
Up to 90 days | 91 days to 1 year | |||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
Current liabilities | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, current | 239,712 | 69,623 | 86,573 | 210,627 | ||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 2 | 1 | - | 2 | ||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 59 | 128 | 163 | 118 | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 40,552 | 42,625 | 70,639 | 15,229 | ||||||||||||
Euro | 87 | 145 | 258 | 339 | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 198,996 | 26,676 | 15,504 | 194,896 | ||||||||||||
Other currency | 16 | 48 | 9 | 43 | ||||||||||||
Trade and other accounts payables, current | 1,285,233 | 1,338,123 | 20,908 | 10,091 | ||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 228,069 | 252,799 | 7,315 | 1,096 | ||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 71,446 | 59,837 | 37 | 320 | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 312,921 | 322,996 | 10,991 | 1,295 | ||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 12,300 | 2,558 | 1,165 | 868 | ||||||||||||
Euro | 143,780 | 113,733 | 41 | 484 | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 392,914 | 480,129 | 912 | 4,263 | ||||||||||||
Peruvian sol | 11,759 | 24,197 | 222 | 1,447 | ||||||||||||
Mexican peso | 16,546 | 5,233 | 60 | 33 | ||||||||||||
Pound sterling | 35,269 | 20,289 | 45 | 119 | ||||||||||||
Uruguayan peso | 441 | 1,018 | - | 29 | ||||||||||||
Other currency | 59,788 | 55,334 | 120 | 137 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable to related entities, current | (229 | ) | 53 | - | - | |||||||||||
Chilean peso | - | 53 | - | - | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | (229 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||||||
Other provisions, current | 14 | 2,079 | 1,628 | - | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | - | 27 | 29 | - | ||||||||||||
Other currency | 14 | 2,052 | 1,599 | - |
F-122
Up to 90 days | 91 days to 1 year | |||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
Current liabilities | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||
Other non-financial liabilities, current | 42,467 | 19,335 | 50 | - | ||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 961 | 348 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 976 | 1,537 | 3 | - | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 5,836 | 705 | 1 | - | ||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 622 | 3,059 | 38 | - | ||||||||||||
Euro | 3,206 | 3,133 | - | - | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 19,707 | 4,531 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Other currency | 11,159 | 6,022 | 8 | - | ||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 1,567,596 | 1,429,213 | 109,159 | 220,718 | ||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 229,032 | 253,148 | 7,315 | 1,098 | ||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 72,481 | 61,502 | 203 | 438 | ||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 359,309 | 366,406 | 81,660 | 16,524 | ||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 12,922 | 5,617 | 1,203 | 868 | ||||||||||||
Euro | 147,073 | 117,011 | 299 | 823 | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 611,787 | 511,336 | 16,416 | 199,159 | ||||||||||||
Other currency | 134,992 | 114,193 | 2,063 | 1,808 |
F-123
More than 1 to 3 years | More than 3 to 5 years | More than 5 years | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities, non-current | 268,320 | 366,889 | 4,250 | 12,915 | 403,841 | 376,535 | ||||||||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 180,150 | 236,346 | 1,320 | 2,291 | 398,199 | 369,525 | ||||||||||||||||||
Brazillian real | 351 | 700 | - | 40 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Euro | 427 | 550 | - | 141 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 87,280 | 128,820 | 2,930 | 10,308 | 5,642 | 7,010 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other currency | 112 | 473 | - | 135 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable, non-current | 70,145 | 151,254 | 1,390 | - | 241 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 47,752 | 14,367 | 1,390 | - | 241 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 21,051 | 135,541 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Other currency | 1,342 | 1,346 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Other provisions, non-current | 45,834 | 36,615 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 696 | 485 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Brazillian real | 26,872 | 20,538 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 278 | 281 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Euro | 11,736 | 9,217 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 6,252 | 6,094 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for employees benefits, non-current | 64,152 | 80,628 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 64,152 | 80,628 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 448,451 | 635,386 | 5,640 | 12,915 | 404,082 | 376,535 | ||||||||||||||||||
Argentine peso | 696 | 485 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian real | 27,223 | 21,238 | - | 40 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Chilean peso | 292,054 | 331,341 | 2,710 | 2,291 | 398,440 | 369,525 | ||||||||||||||||||
Colombian peso | 278 | 281 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Euro | 12,163 | 9,767 | - | 141 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | 114,583 | 270,455 | 2,930 | 10,308 | 5,642 | 7,010 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other currency | 1,454 | 1,819 | - | 135 | - | - |
F-124
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
General summary of foreign currency: | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Total assets | 781,177 | 939,992 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 30,563 | 46,667 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 34,422 | 62,150 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 96,673 | 232,162 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 3,864 | 7,552 | ||||||
Euro | 40,869 | 59,305 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 482,840 | 346,812 | ||||||
Other currency | 91,946 | 185,344 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 2,534,928 | 2,674,767 | ||||||
Argentine peso | 237,043 | 254,731 | ||||||
Brazilian real | 99,907 | 83,218 | ||||||
Chilean peso | 1,134,173 | 1,086,087 | ||||||
Colombian peso | 14,403 | 6,766 | ||||||
Euro | 159,535 | 127,742 | ||||||
U.S. dollar | 751,358 | 998,268 | ||||||
Other currency | 138,509 | 117,955 | ||||||
Net position | ||||||||
Argentine peso | (206,480 | ) | (208,064 | ) | ||||
Brazilian real | (65,485 | ) | (21,068 | ) | ||||
Chilean peso | (1,037,500 | ) | (853,925 | ) | ||||
Colombian peso | (10,539 | ) | 786 | |||||
Euro | (118,666 | ) | (68,437 | ) | ||||
U.S. dollar | (268,518 | ) | (651,456 | ) | ||||
Other currency | (46,563 | ) | 67,389 |
F-125
NOTE 30 - EARNINGS / (LOSS) PER SHARE
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
Basic earnings / (loss) per share | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||
Earnings / (loss) attributable to owners of the parent (ThUS$) | (4,545,887 | ) | 190,430 | 309,811 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares, basic | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | |||||||||
Basic earnings / (loss) per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 |
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
Diluted earnings / (loss) per share | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | |||||||||
Earnings / (loss) attributable to owners of the parent (ThUS$) | (4,545,887 | ) | 190,430 | 309,811 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares, basic | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | |||||||||
Weighted average number of shares, diluted | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | 606,407,693 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings / (loss) per share (US$) | (7.49642 | ) | 0.31403 | 0.51090 |
F-126
I. | Lawsuits |
1) | Lawsuits filed by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries |
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
Fidelidade Viagens e Turismo | Fazenda Pública do Município de São Paulo. | 1004194-37.2018.8.26.0053 (EF 1526893-48.2018.8.26.0090) | This is a voidance action appealing the charges for violations and fines (67.168.795 / 67.168.833 / 67.168.884 / 67.168.906 / 67.168.914 / 67.168.965). We are arguing that numbers are missing from the ISS calculation base since the company supposedly made improper deductions. | The lawsuit was assigned on January 31, 2018. That same day, a decision was rendered suspending the charges without any bond. The municipality filed an appeal against this decision on April 30, 2018. On November 11, 2019 there was a totally favorable decision for Tam Viagens S.A. The Municipio filed an appeal that is pending. | 84,652 | |||||||
LATAM Airlines Group S.A., Aerovías de Integración Regional S.A., LATAM Airlines Perú S.A., Latam-Airlines Ecuador S.A., LAN Cargo S.A., TAM Linhas Aereas S.A. and 32 affiliates | United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York | Case No. 20-11254 | LATAM Airlines initiated a reorganization proceeding in the United States of America in accordance with the regulations established in Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Code of the United States of America, filing a voluntary request for relief pursuant thereto (the “Chapter 11 Proceeding”), which grants an automatic stay of enforcement for at least 180 days. | On May 26, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and 28 affiliates individually filed a voluntary bankruptcy petition with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York pursuant to Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Subsequently, on July 7 and 9, 2020, 9 additional affiliated debtors (the “Subsequent Debtors”), including TAM Linhas Aereas S.A., filed voluntary bankruptcy applications with the Court pursuant to Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. The cases are pending ruling before the Honorable Judge James L. Garrity Jr. and are jointly administered under case number 20-11254. On September 18, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. received approval of the amended proposal on Debtor in Possession (DIP) financing submitted September 17, 2020 to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The Court issued an order setting December 18, 2020 as the general deadline by which LATAM’s creditors can present proof of claim, except for certain litigants in Brazil, who can present proof of claim through February 5, 2021. The judge also extended the period during which LATAM has the exclusive right to present a reorganization plan to January 29, 2021 On January 27, 2021, the Court approved the extension for the period for exclusively filing the reorganization plan until June 30, 2021. Currently, various hearings have been held, the process is in force. | -0- |
F-127
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
LATAM Airlines Group S.A. | 2° Juzgado Civil de Santiago | C-8553-2020 | Request for recognition of the foreign reorganization proceeding. | On June 1, 2020, LATAM Airlines Group SA, in its capacity as foreign representative of the reorganization procedure under the rules of Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, filed the request for recognition of the foreign reorganization proceeding as the main proceeding, pursuant to Law 20,720. On June 4, 2020, the Court issued the ruling recognizing in Chile the bankruptcy proceeding for the foreign reorganization of the company LATAM Airlines Group S.A. All remedies filed against the decision have been dismissed, so the decision is final. Currently the proceeding remains open. | -0- | |||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional S.A. | Superintendencia de Sociedades | - | Request for recognition of the foreign reorganization proceeding. | On June 12, 2020, the Superintendency of Companies recognized in Colombia the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America for the Southern District of New York as a main process, under the terms of Title III of Law 1116 of 2006. On October 2, 2020, the Companies Commission of Colombia acknowledged the decision adopted September 18, 2020, by the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York that approved the Debtor in Possession financing proposal submitted by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and the companies that voluntarily petitioned for Chapter 11, including the Colombian companies. | -0- |
F-128
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
LATAM Airlines Perú S.A | INDECOPI | - | Request for a preventive bankruptcy process. | On May 27, 2020, LATAM Airlines Peru submitted a request for a preventive bankruptcy process before the Indecopi of Peru and is awaiting admission. | -0- | |||||||
LATAM Finance Limited | Grand Court of the Cayman Islands | - | Request for a provisional bankruptcy process. | On May 26, 2020, LATAM Finance Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on May 27, 2020 by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open. | -0- | |||||||
Peuco Finance Limited | Grand Court of the Cayman Islands | - | Request for a provisional bankruptcy process. | On May 26, 2020, Peuco Finance Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on May 27, 2020 by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open. | -0- | |||||||
Piquero Leasing Limited | Grand Court of the Cayman Islands | - | Request for a provisional bankruptcy process. | On July 07, 2020, Piquero Leasing Limited submitted a request for a provisional liquidation, covered in the reorganization proceeding filed before the Bankruptcy Court of the United States of America, which was accepted on July 10, 2020, by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. Currently the proceeding remains open. | -0- | |||||||
Peuco Finance Limited | Grand Court of the Cayman Islands | - | A petition for a provisional liquidation. | On September 28, 2020, Peuco Finance Limited filed a petition to suspend the liquidation. On October 9, 2020, the Grand Court of Cayman Islands accepted the petition and extended the status of temporary liquidation for a period of 6 months. The lawsuit continues to be active. | -0- | |||||||
LATAM Finance Limited | Grand Court of the Cayman Islands | - | A petition for a provisional liquidation. | On September 28, 2020, LATAM Finance Limited filed a petition to suspend the liquidation. On October 9, 2020, the Grand Court of Cayman Islands accepted the petition and extended the status of temporary liquidation for a period of 6 months. The lawsuit continues to be active. | -0- |
F-129
2) | Lawsuits received by LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries. |
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
LATAM Airlines Group S.A. y Lan Cargo S.A. | European Commission. | Investigation of alleged infringements to free competition of cargo airlines, especially fuel surcharge. On December 26th, 2007, the General Directorate for Competition of the European Commission notified Lan Cargo S.A. and LATAM Airlines Group S.A. the instruction process against twenty five cargo airlines, including Lan Cargo S.A., for alleged breaches of competition in the air cargo market in Europe, especially the alleged fixed fuel surcharge and freight. | On April 14th, 2008, the notification of the European Commission was replied. The appeal was filed on January 24, 2011.
On May 11, 2015, we attended a hearing at which we petitioned for the vacation of the Decision based on discrepancies in the Decision between the operating section, which mentions four infringements (depending on the routes involved) but refers to Lan in only one of those four routes; and the ruling section (which mentions one single conjoint infraction).
On November 9th, 2010, the General Directorate for Competition of the European Commission notified Lan Cargo S.A. and LATAM Airlines Group S.A. the imposition of a fine in the amount of THUS$10,072 (8.220.000 Euros)
This fine is being appealed by Lan Cargo S.A. and LATAM Airlines Group S.A. On December 16, 2015, the European Court of Justice revoked the Commission’s decision because of discrepancies. The European Commission did not appeal the decision, but presented a new one on March 17, 2017 reiterating the imposition of the same fine on the eleven original airlines. The fine totals 776,465,000 Euros. It imposed the same fine as before on Lan Cargo and its parent, LATAM Airlines Group S.A., totaling 8.2 million Euros. On May 31, 2017 Lan Cargo S.A. and LATAM Airlines Group S.A. filed a petition with the General Court of the European Union seeking vacation of this decision. We presented our defense in December 2017. On July 12, 2019, we attended a hearing before the European Court of Justice to confirm our petition for vacation of judgment or otherwise, a reduction in the amount of the fine. LATAM AIRLINES GROUP, S.A. expects that the ruling by the General Court of the European Union may reduce the amount of this fine. On December 17, 2020, the European Commission submitted proof of claim for the total amount of the fine (KUS$10,072 or €8,220,000) to the New York Court hearing the Chapter 11 procedure petitioned by LATAM Airlines Group, S.A. and LAN Cargo, S.A. in May 2020. | 10,072 |
F-130
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||||
Lan Cargo S.A. y LATAM Airlines Group S.A. | In the High Court of Justice Chancery División (England) Ovre Romerike District Court (Norway) y Directie Juridische Zaken Afdeling Ceveil Recht (Netherlands), Cologne Regional Court (Landgerich Köln Germany). | Lawsuits filed against European airlines by users of freight services in private lawsuits as a result of the investigation into alleged breaches of competition of cargo airlines, especially fuel surcharge. Lan Cargo S.A. and LATAM Airlines Group S.A., have been sued in court proceedings directly and/or in third party, based in England, Norway, the Netherlands and Germany. | Cases are in the uncovering evidence stage. In the case in England, mediation was held with nearly all the airlines involved in the aim of attempting to reach an agreement. It began in September, and LATAM Airlines Group S.A. reached an agreement for approximately GBP 636,000. A settlement was signed in December 2018 and payment was made in January 2019. This lawsuit ended for all plaintiffs in the class action, except for one who signed a settlement for approximately GBP 222,469.63 in December 2019. The payment was made in January 2020 and concluded the entire lawsuit in England. The amount remains undetermined for the lawsuits in the remaining countries (Norway, the Netherlands and Germany). In the case of Germany, the suspension of the case has been requested, relying on the financial reorganization procedure requested by LATAM Airlines Group, S.A. and LAN CARGO, S.A. in the United States (Chapter 11) in May 2020. The German Court has not yet ruled on this request. DB Barnsdale AG; British Airways; KLM; Martinair; Air France; Lufthansa; Lufthansa Cargo and Swiss Air filed a claim with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court before the deadline that creditors had to present their Chapter 11 claims, which must be processed accordingly. | -0- | ||||||||
Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A. | Federal Justice. | 0008285-53.2015.403.6105 | An action seeking to quash a decision and petioning for early protection in order to obgain a revocation of the penalty imposed by the Brazilian Competition Authority (CADE) in the investigation of cargo airlines alleged fair trade violations, in particular the fuel surcharge. | This action was filed by presenting a guaranty – policy – in order to suspend the effects of the CADE’s decision regarding the payment of the following fines: (i) ABSA: ThUS$10,438; (ii) Norberto Jochmann: ThUS$201; (iii) Hernan Merino: ThUS$ 102; (iv) Felipe Meyer:ThUS$ 102. The action also deals with the affirmative obligation required by the CADE consisting of the duty to publish the condemnation in a widely circulating newspaper. This obligation had also been stayed by the court of federal justice in this process. Awaiting CADE’s statement. ABSA began a judicial review in search of an additional reduction in the fine amount. The Judge’s decision was published on March 12, 2019, and we filed an appeal against it on March 13, 2019 | 8,353 | |||||||
Aerolinhas Brasileiras S.A. | Federal Justice. | 0001872-58.2014.4.03.6105 | An annulment action with a motion for preliminary injunction, was filed on 28/02/2014, in order to cancel tax debts of PIS, CONFINS, IPI and II, connected with the administrative process 10831.005704/2006.43. | We have been waiting since August 21, 2015 for a statement by Serasa on TAM’s letter of indemnity and a statement by the Union. The statement was authenticated on January 29, 2016. A new insurance policy was submitted on March 30, 2016 with the change to the guarantee requested by PGFN. On 05/20/2016 the process was sent to PGFN, which was manifested on 06/03/2016. The Decision denied the company’s request in the lawsuit. The court (TRF3) made a decision to eliminate part of the debt and keep the other part (already owed by the Company, but which it has to pay only at the end of the process: KUS$3,283– R$17,063,902.35). We must await a decision on the Treasury appeal. | 8,875 |
F-131
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Court of the Second Region. | 2001.51.01.012530-0 | Ordinary judicial action brought for the purpose of declaring the nonexistence of legal relationship obligating the company to collect the Air Fund. | Unfavorable court decision in first instance. Currently expecting the ruling on the appeal filed by the company. In order to suspend chargeability of Tax Credit a Guaranty Deposit to the Court was delivered for R$ 260.223.373,10-original amount in 2012/2013, which currently equals THUS$63,256. The court decision requesting that the Expert make all clarifications requested by the parties in a period of 30 days was published on March 29, 2016. The plaintiffs’ submitted a petition on June 21, 2016 requesting acceptance of the opinion of their consultant and an urgent ruling on the dispute. No amount additional to the deposit that has already been made is required if this case is lost. | 68,821 | |||||
Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Internal Revenue Service of Brazil. | 10880.725950/2011-05 | Compensation credits of the Social Integration Program (PIS) and Contribution for Social Security Financing (COFINS) Declared on DCOMPs. | The objection (manifestação de inconformidade) filed by the company was rejected, which is why the voluntary appeal was filed. The case was assigned to the 1st Ordinary Group of Brazil’s Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) on June 8, 2015. TAM’s appeal was included in the CARF session held August 25, 2016. An agreement that converted the proceedings into a formal case was published on October 7, 2016. The amount has been reduced after some set-offs were approved by the Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil. | 20,732 |
F-132
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Aerovías de Integración Regional, AIRES S.A. | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, Florida, U.S.A. 45th Civil Court of the Bogota Circuit in Colombia. | 2013-20319 CA 01 | The July 30th, 2012 Aerovías de Integración Recional, Aires S.A. (LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA) initiated a legal process in Colombia against Regional One INC and Volvo Aero Services LLC, to declare that these companies are civilly liable for moral and material damages caused to LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA arising from breach of contractual obligations of the aircraft HK-4107. The June 20th, 2013 AIRES SA And / Or LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA was notified of the lawsuit filed in U.S. for Regional One INC and Dash 224 LLC for damages caused by the aircraft HK-4107 arguing failure of LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. customs duty to obtain import declaration when the aircraft in April 2010 entered Colombia for maintenance required by Regional One. | Colombia. This case is being heard by the 45th Civil Court of the Bogota Circuit in Colombia. Statements were taken from witnesses presented by REGIONAL ONE and VAS on February 12, 2018. The court received the expert opinions requested by REGIONAL ONE and VAS and given their petition, it asked the experts to expand upon their opinions. It also changed the experts requested by LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA. The case was brought before the Court on September 10, 2018 and these rulings are pending processing so that a new hearing can be scheduled. On October 31, 2018, the judge postponed the deadline for the parties to answer the objection because of a serious error brought to light by VAS regarding the translation submitted by the expert. The process has been in the judge’s chambers since March 11, 2019 to decide on replacing the damage estimation expert as requested by LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA. The one previously appointed did not take office. A petition has also been made by VAS objecting to the translation of the documents in English into Spanish due to serious mistakes, which was served to the parties in October 2018. The 45th Civil Circuit Court issued an order on August 13, 2019 that did not decide on the pending matters but rather voided all actions since September 14, 2018 and ordered the case to be referred to the 46th Civil Circuit Court according to article 121 of the General Code of Procedure. Said article says that court decisions must be rendered in no more than one (1) year as from the service of the court order admitting the claim. If that period expires without any ruling being issued, the Judge will automatically forfeit competence over the proceedings and must give the Administrative Room of the Superior Council of the Judiciary notice of that fact the next day, in addition to referring the case file to the next sitting judge in line, who will have competence and will issue a ruling in no more than 6 months. The case was sent to the 46th Civil Circuit Court on September 4, 2019, which claims that there was a competence conflict and then sent the case to the Superior Court of Bogotá to decide which court, the 45th or 46th, had to continue with the case. The Court decided that 45th Civil Circuit Court should continue with the case, so this Court on 01/15/2020 has reactivated the procedural process ordering the transfer to the parties of the objection presented by VAS for serious error of the translation to Spanish of documents provided in English. On 02/24/2020 it declares that the parties did not rule on the objection presented by VAS and requires the plaintiff to submit an expert opinion of damages corresponding to the claims of the lawsuit through its channel. Since 03/16/20 a suspension of terms is filed in Courts due to the pandemic. Judicial terms were reactivated on July 1, 2020. On September 18, 2020, an expert opinion on damages was submitted that had been requested by the Court. The Court ordered service of the ruling to the parties on December 12, 2020. Florida. On June 4, 2019, the State Court of Florida allowed REGIONAL ONE to add a new claim against LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA for default on a verbal contract. Given the new claim, LATAM AIRLINES COLOMBIA petitioned that the Court postpone the trial to August 2019 to have the time to investigate the facts alleged by REGIONAL ONE to prove a verbal contract. The facts discovery phase continued, including the verbal statements of the experts of both sides, which have been taking place since March 2020. Given the Covid-19 pandemic and the suspension of trials in the County of Miami-Dade, the Court canceled the trial scheduled for June 2020. In addition, the claims against Aires have been suspended given the request for reorganization filed by LATAM AIRLINES GROUP SA and some of its subsidiaries, including Aires, on May 26, 2020, under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Dash and Regional One filed a claim with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in December 2020 before the deadline that creditors had to present their Chapter 11 claims, which must be processed accordingly. | 12,443 |
F-133
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Internal Revenue Service of Brazil | 10880.722.355/2014-52 | On August 19th, 2014 the Federal Tax Service issued a notice of violation stating that compensation credits Program (PIS) and the Contribution for the Financing of Social Security COFINS by TAM are not directly related to the activity of air transport. | An administrative objection was filed on September 17th, 2014. A first-instance ruling was rendered on June 1, 2016 that was partially favorable. The separate fine was revoked. A voluntary appeal was filed on June 30, 2016, which is pending a decision by CARF. On September 9, 2016, the case was referred to the Second Division, Fourth Chamber, of the Third Section of the Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF). In September 2019, the Court rejected the appeal of the Hacienda Nacional. Hacienda Nacional filed a complaint that was denied by the Court. | 52,024 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Sao Paulo Labor Court, Sao Paulo | 1001531- 73.2016.5.02.0710 | The Ministry of Labor filed an action seeking that the company adapt the ergonomics and comfort of seats. | In August 2016, the Ministry of Labor filed a new lawsuit before the competent Labor Court in Sao Paulo, in the same terms as case 0000009-45.2016.5.02.090, as previously reported, the hearing date is set for October 22, 2018. We were served the decision completely dismissing the claim in March 2019, against which the plaintiff has filed an appeal. We are now awaiting the hearing by the Court of Appeals. | 15,260 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Ministerio de Trabajo | 0001734- 78.2014.5.02.0045 | This action was filed by the Ministry of Labor seeking compliance with the laws on rest time, overtime and similar issues. It is before the São Paulo Labor Court. | Initial stage. It could potentially impact operations and control of employees’ working hours. The case was won at the trial court level, but the Public Prosecutor appealed that decision, which failed at the appellate court level. The Prosecutor then filed a motion requesting clarification that he later withdrew. He proposed taking it as far as the supreme court, but he did not go through with it. The Prosecutor has filed a remedy internally that is pending a decision by the Labor Supreme Court (TST). | 18,243 | |||||
LATAM Airlines Group S.A. | 22° Civil Court of Santiago | C-29.945-2016 | The Company received notice of a civil liability claim by Inversiones Ranco Tres S.A. on January 18, 2017. It is represented by Mr. Jorge Enrique Said Yarur. It was filed against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. for an alleged contractual default by the Company and against Ramon Eblen Kadiz, Jorge Awad Mehech, Juan Jose Cueto Plaza, Enrique Cueto Plaza and Ignacio Cueto Plaza, directors and officers, for alleged breaches of their duties. In the case of Juan Jose Cueto Plaza, Enrique Cueto Plaza and Ignacio Cueto Plaza, it alleges a breach, as controllers of the Company, of their duties under the incorporation agreement. LATAM has retained legal counsel specializing in this area to defend it. | The claim was answered on March 22, 2017 and the plaintiff filed its replication on April 4, 2017. LATAM filed its rejoinder on April 13, 2017, which concluded the argument stage of the lawsuit. A reconciliation hearing was held on May 2, 2017, but the parties did not reach an agreement. The Court issued the evidentiary decree on May 12, 2017. We filed a petition for reconsideration because we disagreed with certain points of evidence. That petition was partially sustained by the Court on June 27, 2017. The evidentiary stage commenced and then concluded on July 20, 2017. Observations to the evidence must now be presented. That period expires August 1, 2017. We filed our observations to the evidence on August 1, 2017. We were served the decision on December 13, 2017 that dismissed the claim since LATAM was in no way liable. The plaintiff filed an appeal on December 26, 2017. Arguments were pled before the Santiago Court of Appeals on April 23, 2019, and on April 30, 2019, this Court confirmed the ruling of the trial court absolving LATAM. The losing party was ordered to pay costs in both cases. On May 18, 2019, Inversiones Ranco Tres S.A. filed a remedy of vacation of judgment based on technicalities and on substance against the Appellate Court decision. The Appellate Court admitted both appeals on May 29, 2019 and the appeals are pending a hearing by the Supreme Court. | 18,646 |
F-134
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | 10th Jurisdiction of Federal Tax Enforcement of Sao Paulo | 0061196-68.2016.4.03.6182 | Tax Enforcement Lien No. 0020869-47.2017.4.03.6182 on Profit-Based Social Contributions from 2004 to 2007. | This tax enforcement was referred to the 10th Federal Jurisdiction on February 16, 2017. A petition reporting our request to submit collateral was recorded on April 18, 2017. At this time, the period is pending for the plaintiff to respond to our petition. The bond was replaced. We are waiting for the evidentiary period to begin. | 31,392 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 5002912.29.2019.4.03.6100 | A lawsuit disputing the debit in the administrative proceeding 16643.000085/2009-47, reported in previous notes, consisting of a notice demanding recovery of the Income and Social Assessment Tax on the net profit (SCL) resulting from the itemization of royalties and use of the TAM trademark | The lawsuit was assigned on February 28, 2019. A decision was rendered on March 1, 2019 stating that no guarantee was required. Actualmente, debemos esperar la decisión final. On 04/06/2020 TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. had a favorable decision (sentence). The National Treasury can appeal. Today, we await the final decision. | 8,862 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Delegacía de Receita Federal | 10611.720630/2017-16 | This is an administrative claim about a fine for the incorrectness of an import declaration. | The administrative defensive arguments were presented September 28, 2017. The Court dismissed the Company’s appeal in August 2019. Then on September 17, 2019, Company filed a special appeal (CRSF (Higher Tax Appeals Chamber)) that is pending a decision. | 16,204 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Delegacía de Receita Federal | 10611.720852/2016-58 | An improper charge of the Contribution for the Financing of Social Security (COFINS) on an import | We are currently awaiting a decision. There is no predictable decision date because it depends on the court of the government agency. | 11,598 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Delegacía de Receita Federal | 16692.721.933/2017-80 | The Internal Revenue Service of Brazil issued a notice of violation because TAM applied for credits offsetting the contributions for the Social Integration Program (PIS) and the Social Security Funding Contribution (COFINS) that do not bear a direct relationship to air transport (Referring to 2012). | An administrative defense was presented on May 29, 2018. | 24,926 | |||||
SNEA (Sindicato Nacional das empresas aeroviárias) | União Federal | 0012177-54.2016.4.01.3400 | A claim against the 72% increase in airport control fees (TAT-ADR) and approach control fees (TAT-APP) charged by the Airspace Control Department (“DECEA”). | A decision is now pending on the appeal presented by SNEA. | 58,919 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | União Federal | 2001.51.01.020420-0 | TAM and other airlines filed a recourse claim seeking a finding that there is no legal or tax basis to be released from collecting the Additional Airport Fee (“ATAERO”). | A decision by the superior court is pending. The amount is indeterminate because even though TAM is the plaintiff, if the ruling is against it, it could be ordered to pay a fee. | -0- | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Delegacia da Receita Federal | 10880-900.424/2018-07 | This is a claim for a negative Legal Entity Income Tax (IRPJ) balance for the 2014 calendar year (2015 fiscal year) because set-offs were not allowed. | The administrative defensive arguments were presented March 19, 2018. An administrative decision is now pending. | 13,667 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 19515-720.823/2018-11 | An administrative claim to collect alleged differences in SAT payments for the periods 11/2013 to 12/2017. | A defense was presented on November 28, 2018. The Court dismissed the Company’s appeal in August 2019. Then on September 17, 2019, Company filed a voluntary appeal (CRSF (Administrative Tax Appeals Board)) that is pending a decision. | 95,878 |
F-135
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10880.938832/2013-19 | The decision denied the reallocation petition and did not equate the Social Security Tax (COFINS) credit declarations for the second quarter of 2011, which were determined to be in the non-cumulative system | An administrative defense was argued on March 19, 2019. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 12,815 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10880.938834/2013-16 | The decision denied the reallocation petition and did not equate the Social Security Tax (COFINS) credit declarations for the third quarter of 2011, which were determined to be in the non-cumulative system. | An administrative defense was argued on March 19, 2019. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 9,370 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10880.938837/2013-41 | The decision denied the reallocation petition and did not equate the Social Security Tax (COFINS) credit declarations for the fourth quarter of 2011, which were determined to be in the non-cumulative system. | An administrative defense was argued on March 19, 2019. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 12,556 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10880.938838/2013-96 | The decision denied the reallocation petition and did not equate the Social Security Tax (COFINS) credit declarations for the first quarter of 2012, which were determined to be in the non-cumulative system. | We presented our administrative defense. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 8,665 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S/A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 0012541-56.2016.5.03.0144 | A class action in which the Union is petitioning that TAM be ordered to make payment of the correct calculation of Sundays and holidays. | A hearing was set for December 17, 2019. On 04/30/2020, we were notified of the unfavorable court ruling in the first instance, filing an appeal. The Court of Appeals confirmed the trial court’s decision. | 12,272 | |||||
LATAM Airlines Argentina | Commercial Trial Court No. 15 of Buenos Aires. | 11479/2012 | Proconsumer and Rafaella Cabrera filed a claim citing discriminating fees charged to foreign users as compared to domestic users for services retained in Argentina. | The trial court judge dismissed Mrs. Cabrera’s claim on March 7, 2019 and sustained the motion of lack of standing entered by Proconsumer. The ruling was appealed by the plaintiff on April 8, 2019 and will be decided by Room D. | -0- | |||||
LATAM Airlines Group Argentina, Brasil, Perú, Ecuador, y TAM Mercosur. | Commercial and Civil Trial Court No. 11 of Buenos Aires. | 1408/2017 | Consumidores Libres Coop. Ltda. filed this claim on March 14, 2017 regarding a provision of services. It petitioned for the reimbursement of certain fees or the difference in fees charged for passengers who purchased a ticket in the last 10 years but did not use it. | Federal Commercial and Civil Trial Court No. 11 in the city of Buenos Aires. After two years of arguments on jurisdiction and competence, the claim was assigned to this court and an answer was filed on March 19, 2019 | -0- | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10.880.938842/2013-54 | The decision denied the petition for reassignment and did not equate the CONFINS credit statements for the third quarter of 2012 that had been determined to be in the non-accumulative system. | We presented our administrative defense. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 9,169 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10.880.93844/2013-43 | The decision denied the petition for reassignment and did not equate the CONFINS credit statements for the third quarter of 2012 that had been determined to be in the non-accumulative system. | We presented our administrative defense. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 8,655 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Department of Federal Revenue of Brazil | 10880.938841/2013-18 | The decision denied the petition for reassignment and did not equate the CONFINS credit statements for the second quarter of 2012 that had been determined to be in the non-accumulative system. | We presented our administrative defense. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 8,189 |
F-136
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10840.727719/2019-71 | Collection of PIS / COFINS tax for the period of 2014. | We presented our administrative defense on January 11, 2020. The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 33,551 | |||||
Latam-Airlines Ecuador S.A. | Tribunal Distrital de lo Fiscal | 17509-2014-0088 | An audit of the 2006 Income Tax Return that disallowed fuel expenses, fees and other items because the necessary support was not provided, according to Management. | On August 6, 2018, the District Tax Claims Court rendered a decision denying the request for a refund of a mistaken payment. An appeal seeking vacation of this judgment by the Court was filed on September 5th and we are awaiting a decision by the Appellate judges. As of December 31, 2018, the lawyers believe that the probability of recovering this amount has fallen by 30% to 40%, so the provision was increased to $8.7 million. We have applied IFRIC 23 as of 12/31/19 because of the percentage loss (more than 50%), and we have recorded the entire provision in the income tax item. | 12,505 | |||||
Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Southern District of Florida. United States District Court | 19cv23965
| A lawsuit filed by Jose Ramon Lopez Regueiro against American Airlines Inc. and Latam Airlines Group S.A. seeking an indemnity for damages caused by the commercial use of the Jose Marti International Airport in Cuba that he says were repaired and reconditioned by his family before the change in government in 1959. | Latam Airlines Group S.A. was served this claim on September 27, 2019. LATAM Airlines Group filed a motion to dismiss on November 26, 2019. In response, a motion to suspend discovery was filed on December 23, 2019 while the Court was deciding on the motion to dismiss. On April 6, 2020 the Court issued a Temporary Suspension Order given the inability to proceed with the case on a regular basis as a result of the indefinite duration and restrictions of the global pandemic. The parties must notify the Court monthly of the possibility of moving forward. The provision is undetermined. | -0- | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910559/2017-91 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | It is about the non-approved compensation of Cofins. Administrative defense submitted (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 10,185 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910547/2017-67 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 11,839 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910553/2017-14 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 11,324 |
F-137
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910555/2017-11 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 11,976 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910560/2017-16 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 10,354 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910550/2017-81 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 12,117 |
F-138
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910549/2017-56 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 10,153 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.910557/2017-01 | Compensation non equate by Cofins | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). The Court dismissed the Company’s defense in December 2020. The Company filed a voluntary appeal to the Brazilian Administrative Council of Tax Appeals (CARF) that is pending a decision. | 9,604 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10840.722712/2020-05 | Administrative trial that deals with the collection of PIS/Cofins proportionality (fiscal year 2015). | We presented our administrative defense (Manifestação de Inconformidade). A decision is pending. | 26,454 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.978948/2019-86 | It is about the non-approved compensation/reimbursement of Cofins for the 4th Quarter of 2015. | TAM filed its administrative defense on July 14, 2020. A decision is pending. | 15,114 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.978946/2019-97 | It is about the non-approved compensation/reimbursement of Cofins for the 3th Quarter of 2015 | TAM filed its administrative defense on July 14, 2020. A decision is pending. | 9,159 | |||||
TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Receita Federal de Brasil | 10880.978944/2019-06 | It is about the non-approved compensation/reimbursement of Cofins for the 2th Quarter of 2015 | TAM filed its administrative defense on July 14, 2020. A decision is pending. | 9,723 |
F-139
Company | Court | Case Number | Origin | Stage of trial | Amounts Committed (*) | |||||
ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Latam Airlines Group S.A | 23° Juzgado Civil de Santiago | C-8498-2020 | Class Action Lawsuit filed by the National Corporation of Consumers and Users (CONADECUS) against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. for alleged breaches of the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights due to flight cancellations caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic, requesting the nullity of possible abusive clauses, the imposition of fines and compensation for damages in defense of the collective interest of consumers. LATAM has hired specialist lawyers to undertake its defense. | On 06/25/2020 we were notified of the lawsuit. On 04/07/2020 we filed a motion for reversal against the ruling that declared the action filed by CONADECUS admissible, the decision is pending to date. On 07/11/2020 we requested the Court to comply with the suspension of this case, ruled by the 2nd Civil Court of Santiago, in recognition of the foreign reorganization procedure pursuant to Law No. 20,720, for the entire period that said proceeding lasts, a request that was accepted by the Court. CONADECUS filed a remedy of reconsideration and an appeal against this resolution should the remedy of reconsideration be dismissed. The Court dismissed the reconsideration on August 3, 2020, but admitted the appeal. The appeal is currently pending before the Santiago Court of Appeals. The amount at the moment is undetermined.
New York Case. Parallel to the lawsuit in Chile, on August 31, 2020, CONADECUS filed on appeal with U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Bankruptcy Court”) because of the automatic suspension imposed by Section 362 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that, among other things, prohibits the parties from filing or continuing with claims that involve a preliminary petition against the Borrowers. CONADECUS petitioned (i) for a stay of the automatic suspension to the extent necessary to continue with the class action against LATAM in Chile and (ii) for a joint hearing by the Bankruptcy Court and the Second Civil Court of Santiago in Chile (the “Chile Insolvency Court”) to hear the matters relating to the claims of CONADECUS in Chile. On December 18, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court sustained part of CONADECUS’s petition, but only to allow it to continue its appeal against the decision by the 23rd Civil Court of Santiago and solely so that the Court of Appeals can decide whether or not a stay is admissible under Chilean insolvency law. On December 31, 2020, CONADECUS petitioned to continue with its appeal against the decision by the 25th Civil Court that approved the reconciliation between AGRECU and LATAM. | -0- | |||||
Latam Airlines Group S.A | 23° Juzgado Civil de Santiago | C-8903-2020
| Class Action Lawsuit filed by AGRECU against LATAM Airlines Group S.A. for alleged breaches of the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights due to flight cancellations caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic, requesting the nullity of possible abusive clauses, the imposition of fines and compensation for damages in defense of the collective interest of consumers. LATAM has hired specialist lawyers to undertake its defense. | On July 7, 2020 we were notified of the lawsuit. We filed our answer to the claim on August 21, 2020. A settlement was reached with AGRECU at that hearing that was approved by the Court on October 5, 2020. On October 7, 2020, the 25th Civil Court confirmed that the decision approving the settlement was final and binding. CONADECUS filed a brief on October 4, 2020 to become a party and oppose the agreement, which was dismissed on October 5, 2020. It petitioned for an official correction on October 8, 2020 and the annulment of all proceedings on October 22, 2020, which were dismissed, costs payable by CONADECUS, on November 16, 2020 and November 20, 2020, respectively. CONADECUS still has appeals pending against these decisions. The amount at the moment is undetermined. | -0- |
F-140
- | In order to deal with any financial obligations arising from legal proceedings in effect at December 31, 2020, whether civil, tax, or labor, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries, has made provisions, which are included in Other non-current provisions that are disclosed in Note 21. |
- | The Company has not disclosed the individual probability of success for each contingency in order to not negatively affect its outcome. |
- | Considering the returns of aircrafts and engines made through the reorganization process, in accordance with the regulations established in Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the Code of the United States of America, which allows the rejection of some contracts, the counterparties could file claims that, in the case of being admitted by the Court, could result in contingent obligations for the Company, which as of this date are not quantifiable. |
(*) | The Company has reported the amounts involved only for the lawsuits for which a reliable estimation can be made of the financial impacts and of the possibility of any recovery, pursuant to Paragraph 86 of IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. |
II. Governmental Investigations.
1) | On April 6, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. received notification of the resolution issued by the National Economic Prosecutor's Office (FNE), which begins an investigation into the LATAM Pass frequent passenger program. The last update in the case Role No. 2530-19 leading this investigation corresponds to the response to a trade in May 2019. |
2) | On July 9, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. received the resolution issued by the National Economic Prosecutor's Office (FNE), which begins an investigation into the Alliance Agreement between LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and American Airlines INC. The last update in the case Role No. 2565-19 leading this investigation corresponds to a statement on September 11, 2019 |
3) | On July 26, 2019, the National Consumer Service of Chile (SERNAC) issued the Ordinary Resolution No. 12,711 which proposed to initiate a collective voluntary mediation procedure on effectively informing passengers of their rights in cases of cancellation of flights or no show to boarding, as well as the obligation to return the respective boarding fees as provided by art. 133 C of the Aeronautical Code. The Company has voluntarily decided to participate in this proceeding, in which an agreement was reached on March 18, 2020, which implies the return of shipping fees from September 1, 2021, with an initial amount of ThUS$ 5,165, plus ThUS$ 565, as well as information to each passenger who has not flown since March 18, 2020, that their boarding fees are available. |
4) | On October 15, 2019, LATAM Airlines Group S.A. received the resolution issued by the National Economic Prosecuting Authority (FNE) advising of the start of an investigation into the agreement between LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Delta Airlines, Inc. On February 2021, the Company response a letter from the Case N° 2585-19 and no further update have occurred as of the date of this financial statements. |
5) | On February 23, 2021 In the framework of the investigation Rol N ° 2484-18, LATAM Airlines Group SA received Ordinary Official Letter N ° 243 of 2021 issued by the National Economic Prosecutor’s Office (FNE), which requests information regarding tariffs of cargo and passengers. In 2018 and 2019, requests for information have been received for complaints associated with the transport of air cargo, the last activity of which occurred in December 2019. In this new notification, the request for information to the passenger business is extended due to new complaints received by the FNE. |
F-141
(a) | Commitments for loans obtained |
The Company and its subsidiaries do not have credit agreements that indicate limits to some financial indicators of the Company or the subsidiaries, with the exception of those detailed below:
Regarding the revolving committed credit line (“Revolving Credit Facility”) established with a consortium of twelve banks led by Citibank, with a guarantee of aircraft, engines, spare parts and supplies for a total committed amount of US $ 600 million, it includes restrictions of minimum liquidity, measured at the Consolidated Company level (with a minimum level of US $ 750 million) and individually measured for LATAM Airlines Group S.A. companies and TAM Linhas Aéreas S.A. (with a minimum level of US $ 400 million). Compliance with these restrictions is a prerequisite for using the line; if the line is used, said restrictions must be reported quarterly, and non-compliance with these restrictions will accelerate credit. As of December 31, 2020, this line of credit is fully used.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company is in compliance with all the financial indicators detailed above.
On the other hand, the financing agreements of the Company generally establish clauses regarding changes in the ownership structure and in the controller and disposition of assets (which mainly refers to significant transfers of assets).
Under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code, the filing of voluntary bankruptcy petitions by the Debtors automatically stayed most actions against the Debtors, including most actions to collect indebtedness incurred prior to the Petition Date or to exercise control over the Debtors’ property.
Accordingly, counterparties are stayed from taking any actions as a result of such purported defaults. Specifically, the financing agreements of the Company generally establish that the filing of bankruptcy or similar proceedings constitute an event of default, which are unenforceable under the Bankruptcy Code. At the date of the issuance of these financial statements, the Company has not received notices of termination of financing arrangements, based on such an event of default.
On September 29, 2020 the company signed the so-called “DIP Financing”, which contemplates minimum liquidity restrictions of at least US $ 400 million at a consolidated level.
LATAM’s obligations to the lenders of the DIP Financing have a super administrative preference recognized under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code with respect to the other liabilities of the company and entities of its corporate group that have filed for Chapter 11 proceedings (“Related Subsidiaries”) prior to the commencement of the Chapter 11 proceeding.
In addition, in order to secure the debt under the DIP Financing, LATAM and the Related Subsidiaries granted certain guarantees, including, but not limited to, (i) in-rem guarantees to be granted over certain specified assets, such as spare engines, spare inventory, shares in certain subsidiaries (including, but not limited to, (a) a pledge over the shares owned by LATAM in LAN Cargo S.A., Inversiones Lan S.A., Lan Pax Group S.A., LATAM Travel II S.A., Technical Training Latam S.A. and Holdco I S.A., (b) pledge over the shares owned by LAN Cargo S.A. in Transporte Aéreo S.A., Inversiones Lan S.A., Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A. and Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A. and (c) pledge over the shares owned by Inversiones LAN S.A. in LAN Cargo S.A., Transporte Aéreo S.A., Lan Pax Group S.A., Fast Air Almacenes de Carga S.A., LATAM Travel Chile II S.A., Technical Training LATAM S.A. and Lan Cargo Inversiones S.A.), among others, under the laws of the jurisdictions in which they are located, (ii) personal guarantees of the Related Subsidiaries and (iii) a in-rem guarentee of general nature over the assets of LATAM and the Related Subsidiaries other than certain “Excluded Assets” comprising, among other things, the aircraft and the “Carve-Out” including, among other things, certain funds assigned for expenses of the Chapter 11 proceedings.
F-142
(b) Other commitments
At December 31, 2020 the Company has existing letters of credit, certificates of deposits and warranty insurance policies as follows:
Value | Release | |||||||||||
Creditor Guarantee | Debtor | Type | ThUS$ | date | ||||||||
Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria | Latam Airlines Perú S.A. | Twenty six letters of credit | 188,524 | Jan-20-21 | ||||||||
Aena Aeropuertos S.A. | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Four letters of credit | 2.871 | Dec-04-21 | ||||||||
American Alternative Insurance Corporation | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Eight letters of credit | 4,240 | Apr-05-21 | ||||||||
Comisión Europea | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | One letter of credit | 9,682 | Mar-29-21 | ||||||||
Empresa Pública de Hidrocarburos del Ecuador EP Petroecuador | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | One letter of credit | 1,500 | Jun-18-21 | ||||||||
Metropolitan Dade County | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Seven letters of credit | 2,463 | Apr-09-21 | ||||||||
BBVA | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | One letter of credit | 4,476 | Jan-16-22 | ||||||||
JFK International Air Terminal LLC. | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | One letter of credit | 2,300 | Jan-27-21 | ||||||||
Sociedad Concesionaria Pudahuel S.A. | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Sixteen letters of credit | 1,953 | Apr-01-21 | ||||||||
Servicio Nacional de Aduanas | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Five letters of credit | 2,574 | Apr-01-21 | ||||||||
Tesorería Nacional de la República | Latam Airlines Group S.A. | Five letters of credit | 1,416 | Apr-30-21 | ||||||||
Procon | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Eleven insurance policy guarantee | 14,972 | Apr-01-21 | ||||||||
União Federal | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Six insurance policy guarantee | 53,718 | Nov-09-21 | ||||||||
Procuradoria da Fazenda Nacional | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | One letter of credit | 6,060 | Aug-10-21 | ||||||||
Tribunal de Justição de São Paulo. | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Two insurance policy guarantee | 1,047 | Sep-23-24 | ||||||||
17a Vara Cível da Comarca da Capital de João Pessoa/PB. | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 2,300 | Jun-25-23 | ||||||||
14ª Vara Federal da Seção Judiciária de Distrito Federal | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 1,373 | May-29-25 | ||||||||
Vara das Execuções Fiscais Estaduais | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Two insurance policy guarantee | 2,722 | Jul-05-23 | ||||||||
Vara Civel Campinas SP | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 1,487 | Jun-14-24 | ||||||||
JFK International Air Terminal LLC. | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | An letter of credit | 1,300 | Jan-10-21 | ||||||||
7ª Turma do Tribunal Regional Federal da 1ª Região | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 41,993 | Apr-20-23 | ||||||||
Vara de Execuções Fiscais Estaduais da Comarca de São Paulo | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Three insurance policy guarantee | 10,775 | Jul-05-23 | ||||||||
Bond Safeguard Insurance Company | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Four insurance policy guarantee | 2,700 | Jul-14-21 | ||||||||
União Federal Fazenda Nacional | Tam Linhas Aéreas S.A. | Four insurance policy guarantee | 2,304 | Nov-16-25 | ||||||||
Unia o Federal | ABSA Linhas Aereas Brasileira S.A. | Four insurance policy guarantee | 31,247 | Feb-22-21 | ||||||||
Vara Federal da Subseção de Campinas SP | ABSA Linhas Aereas Brasileira S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 1,560 | Feb-20-23 | ||||||||
Tribunal de Justição de São Paulo. | ABSA Linhas Aereas Brasileira S.A. | Two insurance policy guarantee | 5,084 | Sep-23-24 | ||||||||
7ª Turma do Tribunal Regional Federal da 1ª Região | ABSA Linhas Aereas Brasileira S.A. | An insurance policy guarantee | 1,638 | May-07-23 | ||||||||
404,279 |
Letters of credit related to assets for right of use are included in Note 17 Properties, plants and equipment letter (d) Additional information Properties, plants and equipment, in numeral (i) Properties, plants and equipment delivered in guarantee.
F-143
NOTE 33 - TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES
(a) | Details of transactions with related parties as follows: |
Transaction amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nature of | Nature of | with related parties | ||||||||||||||||||||
relationship with | Country | related parties | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
Tax No. | Related party | related parties | of origin | transactions | Currency | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||||||
96.810.370-9 | Inversiones Costa Verde Ltda. y CPA. | Related director | Chile | Tickets sales | 28 | 16 | 16 | |||||||||||||||
Loans received (*) | CLP | (100,013 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Interest accrued (*) | CLP | (5,700 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
78.591.370-1 | Bethia S.A and subsidiaries | Related director | Chile | Services provided of cargo transport | CLP | - | 556 | 1,778 | ||||||||||||||
Services received from National and International Courier | CLP | - | (3 | ) | (85 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Sales commissions | CLP | - | (218 | ) | (821 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Services received advertising | CLP | - | (726 | ) | (1,025 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
87.752.000-5 | Granja Marina Tornagaleones S.A. | Common shareholder | Chile | Services provided | CLP | 13 | 61 | 51 | ||||||||||||||
76.335.600-0 | Parque de Chile S.A. | Related director | Chile | Tickets sales | CLP | - | 9 | 20 | ||||||||||||||
96.989.370-3 | Rio Dulce S.A. | Related director | Chile | Tickets sales | CLP | 5 | - | 18 | ||||||||||||||
Foreign | Patagonia Seafarms INC | Related director | U.S.A | Services provided of cargo transport | 40 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Foreign | TAM Aviação Executiva e Taxi Aéreo S.A. | Common shareholder | Brazil | Services provided | ||||||||||||||||||
Services provided of cargo transport | BRL | 13 | 58 | 62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Services received | BRL | - | 2 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Qatar Airways | Indirect shareholder | Qatar | Services provided by aircraft lease | US$ | 22,215 | 39,528 | 21,321 | ||||||||||||||
Interlineal received service | US$ | (4,736 | ) | (2,050 | ) | (6,345 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Interlineal provided service | US$ | 3,141 | 3,739 | 8,635 | ||||||||||||||||||
Services provided of handling | US$ | 1,246 | 1,106 | 1,392 | ||||||||||||||||||
Compensation for early return of aircraft | US$ | 9,240 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Services provided / received others | US$ | 1,160 | 996 | 1,805 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Delta Air Lines, Inc. | Shareholder | U.S.A | Interlineal received service | US$ | (4,160 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||
Interlineal provided service | US$ | 4,357 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Compensation for cancellation of aircraft purchase | US$ | 62,000 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Compensation for cancellation of aircraft purchase | US$ | 3,310 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Compensation for cancellation of aircraft purchase | US$ | 30 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments Ltd | Common shareholder | Jersey Channel Islands | (*)Loans received | US$ | (125,016 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||
(*)Interest accrued | US$ | (7,125 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign | QA Investments 2 Ltd | Common shareholder | Jersey Channel Islands | (*)Loans received | US$ | (125,016 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||
(*)Interest accrued | US$ | (7,125 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Lozuy S.A. | Common shareholder | Uruguay | (*)Loans received | US$ | (25,003 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||
(*)Interest accrued | US$ | (1,425 | ) | - | - |
(*) Corresponding to DIP tranche C.
The balances of Accounts receivable and accounts payable to related parties are disclosed in Note 9.
Transactions between related parties have been carried out under market conditions between interested and duly informed parties.
F-144
(b) | Compensation of key management |
The Company has defined for these purposes that key management personnel are the executives who define the Company’s policies and macro guidelines and who directly affect the results of the business, considering the levels of Vice-Presidents, Chief Executives and Senior Directors.
For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Remuneration | 8,395 | 13,701 | 14,841 | |||||||||
Management fees | 257 | 411 | 307 | |||||||||
Non-monetary benefits | 1,719 | 1,815 | 748 | |||||||||
Short-term benefits | 13,624 | 31,124 | 45,653 | |||||||||
Long-term benefits | - | 8,577 | 2,412 | |||||||||
Share-based payments | - | 3,296 | (7,210 | ) | ||||||||
Termination benefits (*) | 4,539 | 1,428 | 1,404 | |||||||||
Total | 28,534 | 60,352 | 58,155 |
(*) | Includes termination benefits ThUS $ 489 related to the reorganization within the framework of Chapter 11 and classified as expenses of restructuring activities (Note 27). |
NOTE 34 - SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
LP3 compensation plans (2020-2023)
The Company implemented a program for a group of executives, which lasts until March 2023, with a period of enforceability between October 2020 and March 2023, where the collection percentage is annual and cumulative. The methodology is an allocation, of quantity of units, where a goal of the value of the action is set.
The bonus is activated, if the target of the share price defined in each year is met. In case the bonus accumulates, up to the last year, the total bonus is doubled (in case the share price is activated).
This Compensation Plan has not yet been provisioned due to the fact that the action price required for collection is below the initial target.
F-145
NOTE 35 - STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(a) | The Company has carried out non-monetary transactions mainly related to financial lease and lease liabilities, which are described in Note 19 Other financial liabilities. |
(b) | Other inflows (outflows) of cash: |
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Delta Air Lines Inc. compensation (1) | 62,000 | 350,000 | - | |||||||||
Fuel hedge | (46,579 | ) | (9,966 | ) | 77,234 | |||||||
Hedging margin guarantees | 14,962 | (21,200 | ) | 1,573 | ||||||||
Currency hedge | - | - | (1,282 | ) | ||||||||
Tax paid on bank transaction | (1,261 | ) | (11,369 | ) | 318 | |||||||
Fuel derivatives premiums | (3,949 | ) | (17,102 | ) | (13,947 | ) | ||||||
Bank commissions, taxes paid and other | (5,828 | ) | (20,627 | ) | (8,179 | ) | ||||||
Guarantees | (44,279 | ) | (5,474 | ) | 14,755 | |||||||
Court deposits | 38,527 | (22,976 | ) | (30,860 | ) | |||||||
Total Other inflows (outflows) Operation flow | 13,593 | 241,286 | 39,612 | |||||||||
Tax paid on bank transaction | (2,192 | ) | (2,249 | ) | (2,476 | ) | ||||||
Total Other inflows (outflows) Investment flow | (2,192 | ) | (2,249 | ) | (2,476 | ) | ||||||
Settlement of derivative contracts | (107,788 | ) | (2,976 | ) | (11,675 | ) | ||||||
Aircraft Financing advances | - | (55,728 | ) | 55,728 | ||||||||
Total Other inflows (outflows) Financing flow | (107,788 | ) | (58,704 | ) | 44,053 |
(c) | Dividends: |
For the period ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Latam Airlines Group S.A. | - | (54,580 | ) | (46,591 | ) | |||||||
Multiplus S.A. (*) | - | - | (26,029 | ) | ||||||||
Latam Airlines Perú S.A. (*) | (571 | ) | (536 | ) | - | |||||||
Total dividends paid | (571 | ) | (55,116 | ) | (72,620 | ) |
(*) | Dividends paid to minority shareholders |
F-146
(d) | Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities: |
Cash flows | Non cash-Flow Movements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, | Obtainment | Payment | Interest accrued | As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with financial institutions | 2019 | Capital | Capital | Interest | and others (*) | Reclassifications | 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | 341,475 | 165,000 | (359,000 | ) | (4,140 | ) | 8,366 | - | 151,701 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | 217,255 | 265,627 | (4,870 | ) | (2,397 | ) | 49,658 | - | 525,273 | |||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | 2,157,327 | 192,972 | (48,576 | ) | (21,163 | ) | (823,984 | ) | (137,720 | ) | 1,318,856 | |||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligations | 580,432 | 1,361,881 | (42,721 | ) | (27,744 | ) | 67,268 | - | 1,939,116 | |||||||||||||||||||
Obligation with the public | 2,064,934 | - | (774 | ) | (55,613 | ) | 174,860 | - | 2,183,407 | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | 1,730,843 | - | (236,744 | ) | (52,155 | ) | 34,837 | 137,720 | 1,614,501 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans | 101,261 | - | (101,026 | ) | (1,151 | ) | 916 | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||
Lease liability | 3,172,157 | - | (122,063 | ) | (46,055 | ) | 116,967 | - | 3,121,006 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Obligations with financial institutions | 10,365,684 | 1,985,480 | (915,774 | ) | (210,418 | ) | (371,112 | ) | - | 10,853,860 |
Cash flows | Non cash-Flow Movements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations with | As of December 31, | Obtainment | Payment | Interest accrued | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
financial institutions | 2018 | Capital | Capital | Interest | and others | Reclassifications | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans to exporters | 400,721 | 93,000 | (145,505 | ) | (12,934 | ) | 6,193 | - | 341,475 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans | 222,741 | 164,095 | (165,549 | ) | (11,352 | ) | 7,320 | - | 217,255 | |||||||||||||||||||
Guaranteed obligations | 2,534,021 | 607,797 | (282,721 | ) | (93,335 | ) | 93,286 | (701,721 | ) | 2,157,327 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other guaranteed obligations | 673,452 | - | (92,549 | ) | (28,417 | ) | 27,946 | - | 580,432 | |||||||||||||||||||
Obligation with the public | 1,553,079 | 1,009,836 | (487,086 | ) | (144,932 | ) | 134,037 | - | 2,064,934 | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial leases | 1,624,854 | - | (591,861 | ) | (72,311 | ) | 68,440 | 701,721 | 1,730,843 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans | 252,858 | 27,864 | (178,777 | ) | (9,648 | ) | 8,964 | - | 101,261 | |||||||||||||||||||
Lease liability | 2,858,049 | - | (398,992 | ) | (177,948 | ) | 891,048 | - | 3,172,157 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Obligations with financial institutions | 10,119,775 | 1,902,592 | (2,343,040 | ) | (550,877 | ) | 1,237,234 | - | 10,365,684 |
(*) | Accrued interest and others, includes ThUS$ (891,407), associated with the rejection of fleet contracts. This amount includes ThUS$ (886,895) of Other secured obligations and ThUS$ (4,512) of financial leases. |
(e) | Advances of aircraft |
Below are the cash flows associated with aircraft purchases, which are included in the statement of consolidated cash flow, in the item Purchases of properties, plants and equipment:
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Increases (payments) | (31,803 | ) | (86,288 | ) | ||||
Recoveries | 8,157 | 349,702 | ||||||
Total cash flows | (23,646 | ) | 263,414 |
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(f) | Additions of property, plant and equipment and Intangibles |
For the year ended At December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Net cash flows from | ||||||||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | 324,264 | 1,276,621 | 660,707 | |||||||||
Additions associated with maintenance | 173,740 | 453,827 | 375,634 | |||||||||
Other additions | 150,524 | 822,794 | 285,073 | |||||||||
Purchases of intangible assets | 75,433 | 140,173 | 96,206 | |||||||||
Other additions | 75,433 | 140,173 | 96,206 |
(g) | The net effect of the application of hyperinflation in the consolidated cash flow statement for the periods ended December 31 corresponds to: |
For the year ended December 31, | ||||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Net cash flows from (used in) operating activities | 18,347 | 118,797 | ||||||
Net cash flows from (used in) investment activities | (13,872 | ) | 64,516 | |||||
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities | - | (56,866 | ) | |||||
Effects of variation in the exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents | (4,475 | ) | (126,447 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | - | - |
LATAM Airlines Group S.A is committed to sustainable development seeking to generate social, economic and environmental value for the countries where it operates and for all its stakeholders. The company manages environmental issues at the corporate level, centralized in the Corporate Affairs and Sustainability Management. The company is committed to monitoring and mitigating its impact on the environment in all of its ground and air operations, being a key actor in the solution and search for alternatives to face the challenge of climate change.
Some of the functions of the Corporate Affairs and Sustainability Management in environmental issues, together with the various areas of the company, is to ensure that environmental legal compliance is maintained in all the countries where it is present and in 100% of its operations, to implement and to maintain a corporate environmental management system, to use non-renewable resources such as jet fuel efficiently, to dispose of its waste responsibly, and to develop programs and actions that allow it to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, seeking to generate environmental, social and economic benefits for the company and its environment.
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Within the current sustainability strategy, the environment dimension is called Climate Change, and its objective is for the company to assume a leadership role in the region in this area, for which it works on the following aspects:
i. Implementation of management systems and environmental certifications
ii. Promotion of a circular economy
iii. Measurement and management of the corporate carbon footprint
iv. Emissions Offset Program
v. Development of sustainable alternative fuels and energy
vi. Creation of Shared Value
During 2020, the company worked on updating its sustainability strategy, co-building it with its stakeholders and experts in different topics, which allows it to respond to the new challenges it is facing by being part of the solution, with the objective of to be an asset in the countries where it operates and to generate value for them. This update was made in the midst of the health crisis, with the company convinced that its recovery comes hand in hand with being a leader in the region in sustainability. This strategy will be made public during 2021, once it has been validated by all the actors who participated. At the same time, during 2020, the company worked on the following initiatives:
- Maintenance of the certification of the international standard ISO 14001 in the cargo operation in Miami.
- Maintenance of the stage 2 certifications of the IEnvA environmental management system (IATA Environmental Assessment) whose scope is international flights operated from Chile, the most advanced level of this certification; being the first in the continent and one of six airlines in the world that have this certification
- Maintenance of stage 1 certification of the IEnvA environmental management system (IATA Environmental Assessment) whose scope is the domestic and international operations of Colombia
- Response to the DJSI (Dow Jones Sustainability Index) questionnaire
- Neutralization of domestic air operations in Colombian operations
- Incorporation of 100% electrical energy from renewable sources in the facilities of the maintenance base and the corporate building of operations in Chile
- Implementation of the Recycle Your Trip program, which seeks to manage the waste generated on board domestic flights in Chile.
- Verification of company emissions under the EU-ETS and CORSIA schemes.
- Strengthening of the Solidarity Plane program.
It is highlighted that LATAM Airlines Group, during 2020, had an excellent performance in the sustainability evaluation of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, the best in its history. However, the company was delisted from the different indices (World, MILA and Chile), for being in Chapter 11.
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NOTE 37 - EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO THE DATE OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1) On January 28, 2021, the United States Southern District Court of New York issued an order extending the exclusive period of the debtors’, to present a reorganization plan within Chapter 11 until June 30, 2021 and extending until August 23, 2021, the period to obtain acceptances of said plan.
(2) On January 29, 2021, according to Chapter 11 Procedure, the United States Southern District of New York court approved a motion to reject 2 A320 family aircraft registered under IFRS 16 as right-of-use assets.
(3) On February 3, 2021, authorities of the state of Sao Paulo at the petition of the federal district authorities requested at the offices of the subsidiary Latam Airlines Brasil, financial and accounting information relative to two suppliers referring to the period 2012-2014, which was provided by that company, collaborating with the procedure.
(4) On February 24, 2021 LATAM and Delta Air Lines received from the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (CADE) in Brazil the unrestricted approval of their commercial agreement (“Trans-American Joint Venture Agreement” or “JVA”), then of initial approval in September 2020.
After December 31, 2020 and until the date of issuance of these financial statements, there is no knowledge of other events of a financial or other nature, which significantly affect the balances or interpretation thereof.
The consolidated financial statements of LATAM Airlines Group S.A. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2020, have been approved in the Ordinary Board Session of March 9, 2021.
NOTE 38 - PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
In accordance with the requirements of SEC Rule 12-04(a) and 5-04(c) of Regulation S-X, which require condensed financial information for the financial position, changes in financial position and results of operations and cash flows of a parent company as of the same dates and for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements have been presented when the restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. Due to chapter 11 procedures some subsidiaries are restricted to transfer dividends to the Parent Company.
The condensed financial information of the parent company has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and include the investment in subdiaries accounted for the equity method.
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ASSETS | ||||||||
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,295,042 | 538,200 | ||||||
Other financial assets | 32,407 | 82,041 | ||||||
Other non-financial assets | 82,318 | 126,765 | ||||||
Trade and other accounts receivable | 282,896 | 442,046 | ||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities | 412,370 | 214,693 | ||||||
Inventories | 168,686 | 162,826 | ||||||
Current tax assets | 2,545 | 5,182 | ||||||
Total current assets other than non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners | 2,276,264 | 1,571,753 | ||||||
Non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners | 300,367 | 489,719 | ||||||
Total current assets | 2,576,631 | 2,061,472 | ||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||
Other financial assets | 27,658 | 35,675 | ||||||
Investments accounted for using the equity method | 9,006,797 | 9,801,639 | ||||||
Other non-financial assets | 13,356 | 33,104 | ||||||
Accounts receivable | 2,975 | 2,313 | ||||||
Accounts receivable from related entities | 38,300 | 56,823 | ||||||
Intangible assets other than goodwill | 167,893 | 222,260 | ||||||
Goodwill | - | 38,992 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 8,683,419 | 10,756,213 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets | 553,122 | - | ||||||
Total non-current assets | 18,493,520 | 20,947,019 | ||||||
Total assets | 21,070,151 | 23,008,491 |
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LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | ||||||||
As of | As of | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
LIABILITIES | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | |||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 2,347,033 | 1,576,602 | ||||||
Trade and other accounts payables | 1,013,399 | 712,790 | ||||||
Accounts payable to related entities | 1,481,281 | 1,261,916 | ||||||
Other provisions | 32 | 30 | ||||||
Other non-financial liabilities | 1,411,582 | 1,860,979 | ||||||
Total current liabilities other than non-current liabilities (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale | 6,253,327 | 5,412,317 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 6,253,327 | 5,412,317 | ||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 5,631,916 | 6,286,583 | ||||||
Accounts payable | 416,034 | 347,529 | ||||||
Accounts payable to related entities | 574,202 | 177,779 | ||||||
Other provisions | 9,892,007 | 6,539,683 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities | - | 211,095 | ||||||
Employee benefits | 47,915 | 61,793 | ||||||
Other non-financial liabilities | 697,135 | 842,535 | ||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 17,259,209 | 14,466,997 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 23,512,536 | 19,879,314 | ||||||
EQUITY | ||||||||
Share capital | 3,146,265 | 3,146,265 | ||||||
Retained earnings/(losses) | (4,193,615 | ) | 352,272 | |||||
Treasury Shares | (178 | ) | (178 | ) | ||||
Other reserves | (1,388,185 | ) | (367,577 | ) | ||||
Parent’s ownership interest | (2,435,713 | ) | 3,130,782 | |||||
Non-controlling interest | (6,672 | ) | (1,605 | ) | ||||
Total equity | (2,442,385 | ) | 3,129,177 | |||||
Total liabilities and equity | 21,070,151 | 23,008,491 |
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For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Revenue | 1,272,077 | 2,958,270 | 3,107,993 | |||||||||
Cost of sales | (2,099,716 | ) | (2,860,173 | ) | (2,687,140 | ) | ||||||
Gross margin | (827,639 | ) | 98,097 | 420,853 | ||||||||
Other income | 948,160 | 1,124,033 | 1,157,905 | |||||||||
Distribution costs | (125,563 | ) | (222,585 | ) | (217,828 | ) | ||||||
Administrative expenses | (225,557 | ) | (326,640 | ) | (339,017 | ) | ||||||
Other expenses | (154,582 | ) | (211,830 | ) | (189,719 | ) | ||||||
Restructuring activities expenses | (837,673 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Other gains/(losses) | (98,790 | ) | 15,367 | 53,446 | ||||||||
Income from operation activities | (1,321,644 | ) | 476,442 | 885,640 | ||||||||
Financial income | 11,812 | 23,262 | 10,906 | |||||||||
Financial costs | (410,153 | ) | (479,596 | ) | (468,842 | ) | ||||||
Share of profit of investments accounted for using the equity method | (3,537,259 | ) | 88,429 | (49,115 | ) | |||||||
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) | (66,004 | ) | (76,122 | ) | (78,566 | ) | ||||||
Result of indexation units | - | 67 | 115 | |||||||||
Income (loss) before taxes | (5,323,248 | ) | 32,482 | 300,138 | ||||||||
Income tax expense / benefit | 767,713 | 163,131 | 41,648 | |||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) FOR THE YEAR | (4,555,535 | ) | 195,613 | 341,786 |
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For the year ended | ||||||||||||
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||
ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ThUS$ | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||
Cash collection from operating activities | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from sales of goods and services | 2,240,961 | 6,621,168 | 5,948,097 | |||||||||
Other cash receipts from operating activities | 52,192 | 122,637 | 89,513 | |||||||||
Payments for operating activities | ||||||||||||
Payments to suppliers for goods and services | (1,713,223 | ) | (4,491,682 | ) | (4,325,619 | ) | ||||||
Payments to and on behalf of employees | (298,370 | ) | (466,212 | ) | (437,946 | ) | ||||||
Other payments for operating activities | (27,757 | ) | (67,056 | ) | (55,511 | ) | ||||||
Interest received | - | 5,127 | (1,454 | ) | ||||||||
Income taxes (paid) | (2,764 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Other cash inflows (outflows) | 61,532 | 302,246 | 75,403 | |||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities | 312,571 | 2,026,228 | 1,292,483 | |||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from losses of control of subsidiaries or other businesses | - | - | 39,108 | |||||||||
Cash flows used to obtain control of subsidiaries or other businesses | (349,125 | ) | - | (199,701 | ) | |||||||
Other cash receipts from sales of equity or debt instruments of other entities | 30,439 | 172,122 | 242,253 | |||||||||
Other payments to acquire equity or debt instruments of other entities | (27,199 | ) | (172,295 | ) | (250,968 | ) | ||||||
Loans to related entities | - | - | (48,125 | ) | ||||||||
Amounts raised from sale of property, plant and equipment | 75,566 | 42,600 | 112,255 | |||||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (163,022 | ) | (578,498 | ) | (545,885 | ) | ||||||
Purchases of intangible assets | (70,363 | ) | (66,018 | ) | (60,508 | ) | ||||||
Interest received | 3,235 | 12,757 | 6,200 | |||||||||
Net cash flow (used in) investing activities | (500,469 | ) | (589,332 | ) | (705,371 | ) | ||||||
Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||||||
Payments for changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in loss of control | (3,225 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Amounts raised from long-term loans | 1,361,807 | 370,139 | 769,055 | |||||||||
Amounts raised from short-term loans | 296,267 | 93,000 | 293,000 | |||||||||
Loans from Related Entities | 373,125 | - | - | |||||||||
Loans repayments | (749,258 | ) | (1,632,577 | ) | (913,490 | ) | ||||||
Payments of lease liabilities | (90,335 | ) | - | (545,824 | ) | |||||||
Dividends paid | - | (54,580 | ) | (46,591 | ) | |||||||
Interest paid | (135,859 | ) | (283,612 | ) | (287,730 | ) | ||||||
Other cash inflows (outflows) | (107,782 | ) | (58,704 | ) | 44,053 | |||||||
Net cash flows (used in) financing activities | 944,740 | (1,566,334 | ) | (687,527 | ) | |||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents before effect of exchanges rate change | 756,842 | (129,438 | ) | (100,415 | ) | |||||||
Effects of variation in the exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents | - | 5,183 | - | |||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 756,842 | (124,255 | ) | (100,415 | ) | |||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF YEAR | 538,200 | 662,455 | 762,870 | |||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF YEAR | 1,295,042 | 538,200 | 662,455 |
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SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
Date: March 9, 2021 | LATAM AIRLINES GROUP S.A. | |
By: | /s/ Ramiro Alfonsín Balza | |
Name: | Ramiro Alfonsín Balza | |
Title: | LATAM Airlines Group CFO |
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