Document And Entity Information
Document And Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Jan. 31, 2018 | Jun. 30, 2017 | |
Document Type | 10-K | ||
Amendment Flag | false | ||
Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2017 | ||
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2,017 | ||
Trading Symbol | cms | ||
Entity Registrant Name | CMS Energy Corporation | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 811,156 | ||
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | ||
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | Yes | ||
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
Entity Filer Category | Large Accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Public Float | $ 12,948 | ||
CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 282,420,406 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Entity Registrant Name | Consumers Energy Company | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 201,533 | ||
Entity Filer Category | Non-accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 84,108,789 |
Consolidated Statements Of Inco
Consolidated Statements Of Income - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Operating Revenue | $ 6,583 | $ 6,399 | $ 6,456 | |
Operating Expenses | ||||
Fuel for electric generation | 505 | 499 | 593 | |
Purchased and interchange power | 1,503 | 1,508 | 1,406 | |
Purchased power - related parties | 86 | 86 | 83 | |
Cost of gas sold | 750 | 710 | 961 | |
Maintenance and other operating expenses | 1,236 | 1,248 | 1,223 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 881 | 811 | 750 | |
General taxes | 284 | 281 | 262 | |
Total operating expenses | 5,245 | 5,143 | 5,278 | |
Operating Income | 1,338 | 1,256 | 1,178 | |
Other Income (Expense) | ||||
Interest income | 12 | 6 | 12 | |
Allowance for equity funds used during construction | 5 | 12 | 10 | |
Income from equity method investees | [1] | 15 | 13 | 14 |
Nonoperating retirement benefits, net | 24 | 41 | (15) | |
Other income | 6 | 8 | 10 | |
Other expense | (76) | (75) | (17) | |
Total other income (expense) | (14) | 5 | 14 | |
Interest Charges | ||||
Interest on long-term debt | 406 | 411 | 386 | |
Other interest expense | 34 | 29 | 14 | |
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction | (2) | (5) | (4) | |
Total interest charges | 438 | 435 | 396 | |
Income Before Income Taxes | 886 | 826 | 796 | |
Income Tax Expense | 424 | 273 | 271 | |
Net Income | 462 | 553 | 525 | |
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders | $ 460 | $ 551 | $ 523 | |
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share | $ 1.64 | $ 1.99 | $ 1.90 | |
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share | $ 1.64 | $ 1.98 | $ 1.89 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Operating Revenue | $ 6,222 | $ 6,064 | $ 6,165 | |
Operating Expenses | ||||
Fuel for electric generation | 398 | 393 | 497 | |
Purchased and interchange power | 1,491 | 1,486 | 1,376 | |
Purchased power - related parties | 90 | 88 | 83 | |
Cost of gas sold | 730 | 693 | 939 | |
Maintenance and other operating expenses | 1,113 | 1,127 | 1,132 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 872 | 803 | 744 | |
General taxes | 276 | 277 | 255 | |
Total operating expenses | 4,970 | 4,867 | 5,026 | |
Operating Income | 1,252 | 1,197 | 1,139 | |
Other Income (Expense) | ||||
Interest income | 9 | 4 | 11 | |
Interest and dividend income - related parties | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Allowance for equity funds used during construction | 5 | 12 | 10 | |
Nonoperating retirement benefits, net | 21 | 37 | (17) | |
Other income | 17 | 8 | 19 | |
Other expense | (58) | (55) | (17) | |
Total other income (expense) | (5) | 7 | 7 | |
Interest Charges | ||||
Interest on long-term debt | 263 | 261 | 252 | |
Other interest expense | 15 | 12 | 2 | |
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction | (2) | (5) | (4) | |
Total interest charges | 276 | 268 | 250 | |
Income Before Income Taxes | 971 | 936 | 896 | |
Income Tax Expense | 339 | 320 | 302 | |
Net Income | 632 | 616 | 594 | |
Preferred Stock Dividends | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders | $ 630 | $ 614 | $ 592 | |
[1] | Consumers had no significant equity method investments. |
Consolidated Statements Of Comp
Consolidated Statements Of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Net Income | $ 462 | $ 553 | $ 525 |
Retirement Benefits Liability | |||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period, net of tax | (5) | (8) | 1 |
Prior service credit adjustment, net of tax | 4 | ||
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax | 2 | 2 | 5 |
Amortization of prior service credit, net of tax | (1) | (1) | (1) |
Investments | |||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax | 1 | (3) | |
Other-than-temporary impairment included in net income, net of tax | 3 | ||
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | (3) | 2 | |
Comprehensive Income | 462 | 550 | 527 |
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy | 460 | 548 | 525 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Net Income | 632 | 616 | 594 |
Retirement Benefits Liability | |||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period, net of tax | (4) | (3) | 3 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss, net of tax | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Investments | |||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax | 3 | 3 | (1) |
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax | (9) | (5) | |
Other-than-temporary impairment included in net income, net of tax | 2 | ||
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | (9) | 3 | 1 |
Comprehensive Income Attributable to CMS Energy | $ 623 | $ 619 | $ 595 |
Consolidated Statements Of Com4
Consolidated Statements Of Comprehensive Income (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Net gain (loss) arising during the period, tax | $ (4) | $ (5) | |
Prior service credit adjustment, tax | 3 | ||
Amortization of net actuarial loss, tax | 1 | $ 4 | |
Amortization of prior service credit, tax | |||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments, tax expense (tax benefit) | (1) | ||
Other-than-temporary impairment, tax | 2 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period, tax | (1) | (1) | 2 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss, tax | 2 | ||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments, tax expense (tax benefit) | 1 | 2 | (1) |
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, tax | $ (6) | $ (3) | |
Other-than-temporary impairment, tax | $ 2 |
Consolidated Statements Of Cash
Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | |||
Net Income | $ 462 | $ 553 | $ 525 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 881 | 811 | 750 |
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credit | 417 | 264 | 247 |
Bad debt expense | 49 | 50 | 58 |
Other non-cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments | 82 | 52 | 100 |
Postretirement benefits contributions | (12) | (108) | (262) |
Cash provided by (used in) changes in assets and liabilities | |||
Decrease (increase) in accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue | (66) | (155) | 120 |
Decrease (increase) in inventories | (46) | 146 | 147 |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued refunds | 49 | 59 | (26) |
Other current and non-current assets and liabilities | (111) | (43) | (19) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,705 | 1,629 | 1,640 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities | |||
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under capital lease) | (1,665) | (1,672) | (1,564) |
Jackson plant acquisition | (154) | ||
Decrease (increase) in EnerBank notes receivable | (138) | (136) | (279) |
Proceeds from the sale of EnerBank notes receivable | 50 | 48 | |
Cost to retire property and other investing activities | (115) | (107) | (115) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,868) | (1,915) | (2,064) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | |||
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 1,633 | 1,049 | 599 |
Net increase in EnerBank certificates of deposit | 47 | 100 | 214 |
Issuance of common stock | 83 | 72 | 43 |
Retirement of debt | (980) | (728) | (224) |
Debt prepayment costs | (22) | (18) | |
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock | (377) | (347) | (322) |
Change in notes payable | (228) | 149 | 189 |
Payment of capital lease obligations and other financing costs | (46) | (22) | (36) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 110 | 255 | 463 |
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | (53) | (31) | 39 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period | 257 | 288 | 249 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period | 204 | 257 | 288 |
Cash transactions | |||
Interest paid (net of amounts capitalized) | 418 | 427 | 386 |
Income taxes paid (refunds received), net | 5 | 32 | 10 |
Non-cash transactions | |||
Capital expenditures not paid | 172 | 138 | 201 |
Note receivable recorded for future refund of use taxes paid and capitalized | 29 | ||
Other assets placed under capital lease | 3 | 13 | 17 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | |||
Net Income | 632 | 616 | 594 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 872 | 803 | 744 |
Deferred income taxes and investment tax credit | 163 | 289 | 204 |
Bad debt expense | 29 | 31 | 50 |
Other non-cash operating activities and reconciling adjustments | 59 | 25 | 98 |
Postretirement benefits contributions | (8) | (98) | (243) |
Cash provided by (used in) changes in assets and liabilities | |||
Decrease (increase) in accounts and notes receivable and accrued revenue | (63) | (138) | 104 |
Decrease (increase) in inventories | (45) | 145 | 144 |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued refunds | 43 | 57 | (22) |
Other current and non-current assets and liabilities | 33 | (49) | 121 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,715 | 1,681 | 1,794 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities | |||
Capital expenditures (excludes assets placed under capital lease) | (1,632) | (1,656) | (1,537) |
Jackson plant acquisition | (154) | ||
Cost to retire property and other investing activities | (119) | (112) | (110) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,751) | (1,768) | (1,801) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | |||
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 834 | 446 | 250 |
Retirement of debt | (555) | (198) | (124) |
Debt prepayment costs | (4) | ||
Payment of dividends on common and preferred stock | (524) | (501) | (476) |
Stockholder contribution | 450 | 275 | 150 |
Change in notes payable | (228) | 149 | 189 |
Payment of capital lease obligations and other financing costs | (24) | (3) | (23) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (51) | 168 | (34) |
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | (87) | 81 | (41) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period | 152 | 71 | 112 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period | 65 | 152 | 71 |
Cash transactions | |||
Interest paid (net of amounts capitalized) | 266 | 256 | 245 |
Income taxes paid (refunds received), net | (1) | 50 | (84) |
Non-cash transactions | |||
Capital expenditures not paid | 160 | 127 | 182 |
Note receivable recorded for future refund of use taxes paid and capitalized | 29 | ||
Other assets placed under capital lease | $ 3 | $ 13 | $ 17 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Current Assets | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 182 | $ 235 | |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 19 | |
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance | 1,032 | 821 | |
Notes receivable, less allowance | 198 | 180 | |
Notes receivable held for sale | 2 | 39 | |
Accounts receivable - related parties | 12 | 12 | |
Inventories at average cost | |||
Gas in underground storage | 458 | 446 | |
Materials and supplies | 133 | 119 | |
Generating plant fuel stock | 81 | 61 | |
Deferred property taxes | 257 | 250 | |
Regulatory assets | 20 | 17 | |
Prepayments and other current assets | 83 | 81 | |
Total current assets | 2,475 | 2,280 | |
Plant, Property, and Equipment | |||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 22,506 | 21,010 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,510 | 6,056 | |
Plant, property, and equipment, net | 15,996 | 14,954 | |
Construction work in progress | 765 | 761 | |
Total plant, property, and equipment | [1] | 16,761 | 15,715 |
Other Non-current Assets | |||
Regulatory assets | 1,764 | 2,091 | |
Accounts and notes receivable | 1,187 | 1,118 | |
Investments | [2] | 64 | 65 |
Other | 799 | 353 | |
Total other non-current assets | 3,814 | 3,627 | |
Total Assets | 23,050 | 21,622 | |
Current Liabilities | |||
Current portion of long-term debt, capital leases, and financing obligation | 1,103 | 886 | |
Notes payable | 170 | 398 | |
Accounts payable | 725 | 598 | |
Accounts payable - related parties | 15 | 12 | |
Accrued rate refunds | 33 | 21 | |
Accrued interest | 103 | 98 | |
Accrued taxes | 360 | 348 | |
Regulatory liabilities | 80 | 95 | |
Other current liabilities | 195 | 199 | |
Total current liabilities | 2,784 | 2,655 | |
Non-current Liabilities | |||
Long-term debt | 9,123 | 8,640 | |
Non-current portion of capital leases and financing obligation | 91 | 110 | |
Regulatory liabilities | 3,715 | 2,041 | |
Postretirement benefits | 766 | 789 | |
Asset retirement obligations | 430 | 447 | |
Deferred investment tax credit | 87 | 73 | |
Deferred income taxes | 1,269 | 2,287 | |
Other non-current liabilities | 307 | 290 | |
Total non-current liabilities | 15,788 | 14,677 | |
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 3 and 4) | |||
Common stockholder's equity | |||
Common stock | 3 | 3 | |
Other paid-in capital | 5,019 | 4,916 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (50) | (50) | |
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit) | (531) | (616) | |
Total common stockholders' equity | 4,441 | 4,253 | |
Noncontrolling interests | 37 | 37 | |
Total equity | 4,478 | 4,290 | |
Total Liabilities and Equity | 23,050 | 21,622 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Current Assets | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | 44 | 131 | |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 19 | |
Accounts receivable and accrued revenue, less allowance | 885 | 800 | |
Notes receivable, less allowance | 17 | 29 | |
Accounts receivable - related parties | 2 | 9 | |
Inventories at average cost | |||
Gas in underground storage | 458 | 446 | |
Materials and supplies | 128 | 114 | |
Generating plant fuel stock | 76 | 57 | |
Deferred property taxes | 257 | 250 | |
Regulatory assets | 20 | 17 | |
Prepayments and other current assets | 71 | 70 | |
Total current assets | 1,975 | 1,942 | |
Plant, Property, and Equipment | |||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 22,318 | 20,838 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,441 | 5,994 | |
Plant, property, and equipment, net | 15,877 | 14,844 | |
Construction work in progress | 753 | 759 | |
Total plant, property, and equipment | [1] | 16,630 | 15,603 |
Other Non-current Assets | |||
Regulatory assets | 1,764 | 2,091 | |
Accounts and notes receivable | 22 | 27 | |
Investments | 21 | 33 | |
Other | 687 | 250 | |
Total other non-current assets | 2,494 | 2,401 | |
Total Assets | 21,099 | 19,946 | |
Current Liabilities | |||
Current portion of long-term debt, capital leases, and financing obligation | 365 | 397 | |
Notes payable | 170 | 398 | |
Accounts payable | 701 | 580 | |
Accounts payable - related parties | 19 | 18 | |
Accrued rate refunds | 33 | 21 | |
Accrued interest | 67 | 67 | |
Accrued taxes | 542 | 354 | |
Regulatory liabilities | 80 | 95 | |
Other current liabilities | 159 | 164 | |
Total current liabilities | 2,136 | 2,094 | |
Non-current Liabilities | |||
Long-term debt | 5,561 | 5,253 | |
Non-current portion of capital leases and financing obligation | 91 | 110 | |
Regulatory liabilities | 3,715 | 2,041 | |
Postretirement benefits | 711 | 730 | |
Asset retirement obligations | 429 | 446 | |
Deferred investment tax credit | 87 | 73 | |
Deferred income taxes | 1,640 | 3,042 | |
Other non-current liabilities | 241 | 218 | |
Total non-current liabilities | 12,475 | 11,913 | |
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 3 and 4) | |||
Common stockholder's equity | |||
Common stock | 841 | 841 | |
Other paid-in capital | 4,449 | 3,999 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (12) | (3) | |
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit) | 1,173 | 1,065 | |
Total common stockholders' equity | 6,451 | 5,902 | |
Preferred stock | 37 | 37 | |
Total equity | 6,488 | 5,939 | |
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ 21,099 | $ 19,946 | |
[1] | For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers' plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers' plant additions were $2.3 billion and plant retirements were $285 million. | ||
[2] | Consumers had no significant equity method investments. |
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Allowances for doubtful accounts receivable | $ 20 | $ 24 |
Allowances for doubtful notes receivable | $ 20 | $ 16 |
Common stock, shares authorized | 350,000,000 | 350,000,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding | 281,600,000 | 279,200,000 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Allowances for doubtful accounts receivable | $ 20 | $ 24 |
Common stock, shares authorized | 125,000,000 | 125,000,000 |
Common stock, shares outstanding | 84,100,000 | 84,100,000 |
Consolidated Statements Of Chan
Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions | Consumers Energy Company [Member]CMS Energy Common Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Other Paid-in Capital [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Retirement Benefits Liability [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Investments [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member]Preferred Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | CMS Energy Common Stock [Member] | Other Paid-in Capital [Member] | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] | Retirement Benefits Liability [Member] | Investments [Member] | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member] | Noncontrolling Interest [Member] | Total |
Total Equity, beginning at Dec. 31, 2014 | $ 841 | $ 3,574 | $ (7) | $ (26) | $ 19 | $ 832 | $ 37 | $ 5,277 | $ 3 | $ 4,774 | $ (49) | $ (48) | $ (1) | $ (1,058) | $ 37 | $ 3,707 |
Beginning of period, shares at Dec. 31, 2014 | 275,184,000 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued | 65 | |||||||||||||||
Number of Shares Issued | 2,062,000 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased | (12) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased, shares | (306,000) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued, shares | 288,000 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, value | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, shares | (65,000) | |||||||||||||||
Stockholder contribution | 150 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service credit | (1) | (1) | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | (1) | (1) | (3) | (3) | ||||||||||||
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax | (5) | (5) | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to CMS Energy | 523 | 523 | ||||||||||||||
Net Income | 594 | 594 | 525 | |||||||||||||
Dividends declared on common stock | (474) | (320) | ||||||||||||||
Dividends declared on preferred stock | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Distributions, and other changes in noncontrolling interests | (2) | |||||||||||||||
End of period, shares at Dec. 31, 2015 | 277,163,000 | |||||||||||||||
Total Equity, end at Dec. 31, 2015 | 841 | 3,724 | (6) | (19) | 13 | 950 | 37 | 5,546 | $ 3 | 4,837 | (47) | (43) | (4) | (855) | 37 | 3,975 |
Common stock issued | 90 | |||||||||||||||
Number of Shares Issued | 2,580,000 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased | (11) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased, shares | (292,000) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued, shares | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, value | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, shares | (245,000) | |||||||||||||||
Stockholder contribution | 275 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period | (3) | (3) | (8) | (8) | ||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service credit | (1) | (1) | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax | ||||||||||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment included in net income | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to CMS Energy | 551 | 551 | ||||||||||||||
Net Income | 616 | $ 616 | 553 | |||||||||||||
Dividends declared on common stock | (499) | (345) | ||||||||||||||
Dividends declared on preferred stock | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 2 | $ 2 | ||||||||||||||
Distributions, and other changes in noncontrolling interests | (2) | |||||||||||||||
End of period, shares at Dec. 31, 2016 | 84,100,000 | 279,206,000 | 279,200,000 | |||||||||||||
Total Equity, end at Dec. 31, 2016 | 841 | 3,999 | (3) | (21) | 18 | 1,065 | 37 | $ 5,939 | $ 3 | 4,916 | (50) | (50) | (616) | 37 | $ 4,290 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 33 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock issued | 102 | $ 70 | ||||||||||||||
Number of Shares Issued | 2,492,000 | 1,494,371 | ||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased | (14) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased, shares | (317,000) | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued | 15 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reissued, shares | 360,000 | |||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, value | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock reacquired, shares | (94,000) | |||||||||||||||
Stockholder contribution | 450 | |||||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) arising during the period | (4) | (4) | (5) | $ (5) | ||||||||||||
Prior service credit adjustment | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service credit | (1) | (1) | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Reclassification adjustments included in net income, net of tax | (9) | (9) | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to CMS Energy | 460 | 460 | ||||||||||||||
Net Income | 632 | $ 632 | 462 | |||||||||||||
Dividends declared on common stock | (522) | (375) | ||||||||||||||
Dividends declared on preferred stock | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 2 | $ 2 | ||||||||||||||
Distributions, and other changes in noncontrolling interests | (2) | |||||||||||||||
End of period, shares at Dec. 31, 2017 | 84,100,000 | 281,647,000 | 281,600,000 | |||||||||||||
Total Equity, end at Dec. 31, 2017 | $ 841 | $ 4,449 | $ (12) | $ (24) | $ 12 | $ 1,173 | $ 37 | $ 6,488 | $ 3 | $ 5,019 | $ (50) | $ (50) | $ (531) | $ 37 | $ 4,478 |
Significant Accounting Policies
Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Significant Accounting Policies | 1: S ignificant A ccounting P olicies Principles of Consolidation: CMS Energy and Consumers prepare their consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. CMS Energy’s co nsolidated financial statements comprise CMS Energy, Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and all other entities in which CMS Energy has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Consumers’ consolidated financial statements comprise Consumers and all other entities in which it has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy uses the equity method of accounting for investments in companies and partnerships that are not consolidated, where they have significant influence over operations and financial policies but are not the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy and Consumers eliminate intercompany transactions and balances. Use of Estimates : CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revenue Recognition Policy: CMS Energy and Consumers recognize revenue from deliveries of electricity and natural gas, and from the transportation, processing, and storage of natural gas, when services are provided. CMS Energy and Consumers record unbilled revenue for the estimated amount of energy delivered to customers but not yet billed. CMS Energy and Consumers record sales tax net and exclude it from revenue. CMS Energy recognizes revenue on sales of marketed electricity, natural gas, and other energy products at delivery. Alternative-Revenue Program: The energy waste reduction incentive mechanism provides a financial incentive if the energy savings of Consumers’ customers exceed annual targets established by the MPSC. The maximum incentive that Consumers may earn under this mechanism is 20 percent of the amount it spends on energy waste reduction programs. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing revenue related to the incentive as soon as energy savings exceed the annual targets established by the MPSC . Self-Implemented Rates: The 2016 Energy Law, which bec a me effective in April 2017, eliminate d utilities’ self-implementation of rates under general rate cases, but provide d for more timely processing of general rate cases. Consumers filed an electric rate case in March 2017, prior to the effective date of that law, and as result wa s allowed to self-implement new energy rates in October 2017, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties . Consumers recognize d revenue associated with self-implemented rates , but recorded a provision for revenue subject to refund because it consider ed it probable that it would be required to refund a portion of its self-implemented rates. EnerBank: EnerBank provides four types of unsecured consumer installment loans: same-as-cash, zero interest, reduced interest, and traditional. Under EnerBank’s same-as-cash programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with the option to pay off the loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period. EnerBank recognizes the fee on a straight-line basis over the same-as-cash period, which typically ranges from three to 24 months. If a borrower does not exercise its option to pay off its loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period, EnerBank charges the borrower accrued interest at the loan’s contractual rate on the outstanding balance from the origination date. Under the zero interest and reduced interest programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with no interest or reduced rates of interest for the entire term of the loan. EnerBank recognizes the fee using the interest method over the term of the loan, which ranges from one to 12 years. Unearned income associated with the fees is recorded as a reduction to notes receivable on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets. EnerBank recognizes interest income using the interest method and amortizes loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, over the loan term. EnerBank ceases recognizing interest income when a loan loss is confirmed or when a loan becomes 120 days past due, at which time the loan principal is charged against the allowance for loan losses. At that time, EnerBank recognizes any interest accrued but not received for such loan losses as a reversal of interest income. The loan fees and interest income earned by EnerBank are reported as operating revenue on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost, which approximates fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers establish an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer trends, and other factors. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. CMS Energy and Consumers charge off accounts deemed uncollectible to operating expense. Unbilled r eceivables , which are recorded as accounts receivable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $481 million at December 31, 2017 and $361 million at December 31, 2016 . Contingencies: CMS Energy and Consumers record estimated liabilities for contingencies on their consolidated financial statements when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. For environmental remediation projects in which the timing of estimated expenditures is considered reliably determinable, CMS Energy and Consumers record the liability at its net present value, using a discount rate equal to the interest rate on monetary assets that are essentially risk-free and have maturities comparable to that of the environmental liability. CMS Energy and Consumers expense legal fees as incurred; fees incurred but not yet billed are accrued based on estimates of work performed. Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs: Upon the issuance of long-term debt, CMS Energy and Consumers defer issuance costs, discounts, and premiums and amortize those amounts over the terms of the associated debt. Debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of long-term debt on the balance sheet. Upon the refinancing of long-term debt, Consumers, as a regulated entity, defers any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with the refinanced debt and amortizes those amounts over the term of the newly issued debt. For the non ‑regulated portions of CMS Energy’s business, any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with extinguished debt are charged to earnings. Derivative Instruments: In order to support ongoing operations, CMS Energy and Consumers enter into contracts for the future purchase and sale of various commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, and coal. These forward contracts are generally long-term in nature and result in physical delivery of the commodity at a contracted price. Most of these contracts are not subject to derivative accounting for one or more of the following reasons: · they do not have a notional amount (that is, a number of units specified in a derivative instrument, such as MWh of electricity or bcf of natural gas) · they qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception · there is not an active market for the commodity Consumers’ coal purchase contracts are not derivatives because there is not an active market for the coal it purchases. If an active market for coal develops in the future, some of these contracts may qualify as derivatives. Since Consumers is subject to regulatory accounting, the resulting fair value gains and losses would be deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities an d would not affect net income. Consumers also uses FTRs to manage price risk related to electricity transmission congestion. An FTR is a financial instrument that entitles its holder to receive compensation or requires its holder to remit payment for congestion-related transmission charges. Consumers accounts for FTRs as derivatives. All changes in fair value associated with FTRs are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities until the instruments are settled. CMS Energy and Consumers record derivative contracts that do not qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception at fair value on their consolidated balance sheets. Each reporting period, the resulting asset or liability is adjusted to reflect any change in the fair value of the contract. Since none of CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ derivatives has been designated as an accounting hedge, all changes in fair value are either reported in earnings or deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities. For details regarding CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivative instruments recorded at fair value, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. Earnings Per Share: CMS Energy calculates basic and diluted EPS using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common stock outstanding during the period. Potential common stock, for purposes of determining diluted EPS, includes the effects of nonvested stock awards and contingently convertible securities. CMS Energy computes the effect on potential common stock using the treasury stock method or the if ‑converted method, as applicable. Diluted EPS excludes the impact of antidilutive securities, which are those securities resulting in an increase in EPS or a decrease in loss per share. For EPS computations, see Note 15, Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy. Financial Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers record debt and equity securities classified as available for sale at fair value as determined from quoted market prices or other observable, market-based inputs. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these securities are determined on a specific-identification basis. CMS Energy and Consumers report unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of tax, in equity as part of AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary are reported in earnings. For additional details regarding financial instruments, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Equity Method Investments: CMS Energy and Consumers perform tests of impairment if certain triggering events occur or if there has been a decline in value that may be other than temporary. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate long-lived assets held in use for impairment by calculating the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount, CMS Energy and Consumers recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the fair value of the asset using quoted market prices, market prices of similar assets, or discounted future cash flow analyses. CMS Energy also assesses equity method investments for impairment whenever there has been a decline in value that is other than temporary. This assessment requires CMS Energy to determine the fair value of the equity method investment. CMS Energy determines fair value using valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flows, and assesses the ability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that justifies the carrying amount of the investment. CMS Energy records an impairment if the fair value is less than the carrying amount and the decline in value is considered to be other than temporary. Inventory: CMS Energy and Consumers use the weighted-average cost method for valuing working gas, recoverable base gas in underground storage facilities, and materials and supplies inventory. CMS Energy and Consumers also use this method for valuing coal inventory, and they classify these amounts as generating plant fuel stock on their consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy and Consumers account for RECs and emission allowances as inventory and use the weighted-average cost method to remove amounts from inventory. RECs and emission allowances are used to satisfy compliance obligations related to the generation of power. CMS Energy and Consumers classify these amounts within other assets on their consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate inventory for impairment as required to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed the lower of cost or net realizable value. MISO Transactions: MISO requires the submission of hourly day-ahead and real-time bids and offers for energy at locations across the MISO region. CMS Energy and Consumers account for MISO transactions on a net hourly basis in each of the real-time and day-ahead markets, netted across all MISO energy market locations. CMS Energy and Consumers record net hourly purchases in purchased and interchange power and net hourly sales in operating revenue on their consolidated statements of income. They record net billing adjustments upon receipt of settlement statements, record accruals for future net purchases and sales adjustments based on historical experience, and reconcile accruals to actual expenses and sales upon receipt of settlement statements. Property Taxes: Property taxes are based on the taxable value of Consumers’ real and personal property assessed by local taxing authorities. Consumers records property tax expense over the fiscal year of the taxing authority for which the taxes are levied. The deferred property tax balance represents the amount of Consumers’ accrued property tax that will be recognized over future governmental fiscal periods. Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a renewable energy cash grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park under Section 1603 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009. Upon receipt of the grant, Consumers recorded a regulatory liability, which Consumers is amortizing over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers presents the amortization as a reduction to maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income. Consumers recorded the deferred income taxes related to the grant as a reduction of the book basis of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Other: For additional accounting policies, see : · Note 8, Notes Receivable · Note 9, Plant, Property, and Equipment · Note 11, Asset Retirement Obligations · Note 12, Retirement Benefits · Note 14, Income Taxes · Note 17, Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Significant Accounting Policies | 1: S ignificant A ccounting P olicies Principles of Consolidation: CMS Energy and Consumers prepare their consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. CMS Energy’s co nsolidated financial statements comprise CMS Energy, Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and all other entities in which CMS Energy has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Consumers’ consolidated financial statements comprise Consumers and all other entities in which it has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy uses the equity method of accounting for investments in companies and partnerships that are not consolidated, where they have significant influence over operations and financial policies but are not the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy and Consumers eliminate intercompany transactions and balances. Use of Estimates : CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revenue Recognition Policy: CMS Energy and Consumers recognize revenue from deliveries of electricity and natural gas, and from the transportation, processing, and storage of natural gas, when services are provided. CMS Energy and Consumers record unbilled revenue for the estimated amount of energy delivered to customers but not yet billed. CMS Energy and Consumers record sales tax net and exclude it from revenue. CMS Energy recognizes revenue on sales of marketed electricity, natural gas, and other energy products at delivery. Alternative-Revenue Program: The energy waste reduction incentive mechanism provides a financial incentive if the energy savings of Consumers’ customers exceed annual targets established by the MPSC. The maximum incentive that Consumers may earn under this mechanism is 20 percent of the amount it spends on energy waste reduction programs. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing revenue related to the incentive as soon as energy savings exceed the annual targets established by the MPSC . Self-Implemented Rates: The 2016 Energy Law, which bec a me effective in April 2017, eliminate d utilities’ self-implementation of rates under general rate cases, but provide d for more timely processing of general rate cases. Consumers filed an electric rate case in March 2017, prior to the effective date of that law, and as result wa s allowed to self-implement new energy rates in October 2017, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties . Consumers recognize d revenue associated with self-implemented rates , but recorded a provision for revenue subject to refund because it consider ed it probable that it would be required to refund a portion of its self-implemented rates. EnerBank: EnerBank provides four types of unsecured consumer installment loans: same-as-cash, zero interest, reduced interest, and traditional. Under EnerBank’s same-as-cash programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with the option to pay off the loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period. EnerBank recognizes the fee on a straight-line basis over the same-as-cash period, which typically ranges from three to 24 months. If a borrower does not exercise its option to pay off its loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period, EnerBank charges the borrower accrued interest at the loan’s contractual rate on the outstanding balance from the origination date. Under the zero interest and reduced interest programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with no interest or reduced rates of interest for the entire term of the loan. EnerBank recognizes the fee using the interest method over the term of the loan, which ranges from one to 12 years. Unearned income associated with the fees is recorded as a reduction to notes receivable on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets. EnerBank recognizes interest income using the interest method and amortizes loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, over the loan term. EnerBank ceases recognizing interest income when a loan loss is confirmed or when a loan becomes 120 days past due, at which time the loan principal is charged against the allowance for loan losses. At that time, EnerBank recognizes any interest accrued but not received for such loan losses as a reversal of interest income. The loan fees and interest income earned by EnerBank are reported as operating revenue on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost, which approximates fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers establish an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer trends, and other factors. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. CMS Energy and Consumers charge off accounts deemed uncollectible to operating expense. Unbilled r eceivables , which are recorded as accounts receivable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $481 million at December 31, 2017 and $361 million at December 31, 2016 . Contingencies: CMS Energy and Consumers record estimated liabilities for contingencies on their consolidated financial statements when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. For environmental remediation projects in which the timing of estimated expenditures is considered reliably determinable, CMS Energy and Consumers record the liability at its net present value, using a discount rate equal to the interest rate on monetary assets that are essentially risk-free and have maturities comparable to that of the environmental liability. CMS Energy and Consumers expense legal fees as incurred; fees incurred but not yet billed are accrued based on estimates of work performed. Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs: Upon the issuance of long-term debt, CMS Energy and Consumers defer issuance costs, discounts, and premiums and amortize those amounts over the terms of the associated debt. Debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of long-term debt on the balance sheet. Upon the refinancing of long-term debt, Consumers, as a regulated entity, defers any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with the refinanced debt and amortizes those amounts over the term of the newly issued debt. For the non ‑regulated portions of CMS Energy’s business, any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with extinguished debt are charged to earnings. Derivative Instruments: In order to support ongoing operations, CMS Energy and Consumers enter into contracts for the future purchase and sale of various commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, and coal. These forward contracts are generally long-term in nature and result in physical delivery of the commodity at a contracted price. Most of these contracts are not subject to derivative accounting for one or more of the following reasons: · they do not have a notional amount (that is, a number of units specified in a derivative instrument, such as MWh of electricity or bcf of natural gas) · they qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception · there is not an active market for the commodity Consumers’ coal purchase contracts are not derivatives because there is not an active market for the coal it purchases. If an active market for coal develops in the future, some of these contracts may qualify as derivatives. Since Consumers is subject to regulatory accounting, the resulting fair value gains and losses would be deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities an d would not affect net income. Consumers also uses FTRs to manage price risk related to electricity transmission congestion. An FTR is a financial instrument that entitles its holder to receive compensation or requires its holder to remit payment for congestion-related transmission charges. Consumers accounts for FTRs as derivatives. All changes in fair value associated with FTRs are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities until the instruments are settled. CMS Energy and Consumers record derivative contracts that do not qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception at fair value on their consolidated balance sheets. Each reporting period, the resulting asset or liability is adjusted to reflect any change in the fair value of the contract. Since none of CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ derivatives has been designated as an accounting hedge, all changes in fair value are either reported in earnings or deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities. For details regarding CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivative instruments recorded at fair value, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. Earnings Per Share: CMS Energy calculates basic and diluted EPS using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common stock outstanding during the period. Potential common stock, for purposes of determining diluted EPS, includes the effects of nonvested stock awards and contingently convertible securities. CMS Energy computes the effect on potential common stock using the treasury stock method or the if ‑converted method, as applicable. Diluted EPS excludes the impact of antidilutive securities, which are those securities resulting in an increase in EPS or a decrease in loss per share. For EPS computations, see Note 15, Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy. Financial Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers record debt and equity securities classified as available for sale at fair value as determined from quoted market prices or other observable, market-based inputs. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these securities are determined on a specific-identification basis. CMS Energy and Consumers report unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of tax, in equity as part of AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary are reported in earnings. For additional details regarding financial instruments, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Equity Method Investments: CMS Energy and Consumers perform tests of impairment if certain triggering events occur or if there has been a decline in value that may be other than temporary. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate long-lived assets held in use for impairment by calculating the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount, CMS Energy and Consumers recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the fair value of the asset using quoted market prices, market prices of similar assets, or discounted future cash flow analyses. CMS Energy also assesses equity method investments for impairment whenever there has been a decline in value that is other than temporary. This assessment requires CMS Energy to determine the fair value of the equity method investment. CMS Energy determines fair value using valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flows, and assesses the ability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that justifies the carrying amount of the investment. CMS Energy records an impairment if the fair value is less than the carrying amount and the decline in value is considered to be other than temporary. Inventory: CMS Energy and Consumers use the weighted-average cost method for valuing working gas, recoverable base gas in underground storage facilities, and materials and supplies inventory. CMS Energy and Consumers also use this method for valuing coal inventory, and they classify these amounts as generating plant fuel stock on their consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy and Consumers account for RECs and emission allowances as inventory and use the weighted-average cost method to remove amounts from inventory. RECs and emission allowances are used to satisfy compliance obligations related to the generation of power. CMS Energy and Consumers classify these amounts within other assets on their consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate inventory for impairment as required to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed the lower of cost or net realizable value. MISO Transactions: MISO requires the submission of hourly day-ahead and real-time bids and offers for energy at locations across the MISO region. CMS Energy and Consumers account for MISO transactions on a net hourly basis in each of the real-time and day-ahead markets, netted across all MISO energy market locations. CMS Energy and Consumers record net hourly purchases in purchased and interchange power and net hourly sales in operating revenue on their consolidated statements of income. They record net billing adjustments upon receipt of settlement statements, record accruals for future net purchases and sales adjustments based on historical experience, and reconcile accruals to actual expenses and sales upon receipt of settlement statements. Property Taxes: Property taxes are based on the taxable value of Consumers’ real and personal property assessed by local taxing authorities. Consumers records property tax expense over the fiscal year of the taxing authority for which the taxes are levied. The deferred property tax balance represents the amount of Consumers’ accrued property tax that will be recognized over future governmental fiscal periods. Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a renewable energy cash grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park under Section 1603 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009. Upon receipt of the grant, Consumers recorded a regulatory liability, which Consumers is amortizing over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers presents the amortization as a reduction to maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income. Consumers recorded the deferred income taxes related to the grant as a reduction of the book basis of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Other: For additional accounting policies, see : · Note 8, Notes Receivable · Note 9, Plant, Property, and Equipment · Note 11, Asset Retirement Obligations · Note 12, Retirement Benefits · Note 14, Income Taxes · Note 17, Cash and Cash Equivalents |
New Accounting Standards
New Accounting Standards | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
New Accounting Standards | 2: New Accounting Standards Implementation of New Accounting Standards ASU 2017 ‑07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost: This standard was issued to improve the reporting of net benefit cost by employers that offer defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans. The required effective date of the standard for CMS Energy and Consumers is January 1, 2018, but early adoption was permitted in the first interim period of 2017. CMS Energy and Consumers elected to adopt the standard as of January 1, 2017. The standard requires employers to report the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item on the income statement as other employee compensation costs, while presenting the other cost components separately outside of operating income. This change is to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Accordingly, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, CMS Energy and Consumers have presented the service cost component of their retirement benefits plans in maintenance and other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income, while presenting the other components in nonoperating retirement benefits, net, under other income (expense). Prior to this standard, CMS Energy and Consumers had presented all of the cost components in maintenance and other operating expenses. Under a practical expedient permitted by the standard, CMS Energy and Consumers used benefit cost amounts disclosed for prior periods as the basis for retrospective application. In addition, under this standard, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization as part of the cost of an asset. This change is to be applied prospectively upon adoption. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers capitalized a portion of the service cost component of their retirement benefits plans to plant, property, and equipment, while recognizing the other components in net income. In prior periods, a portion of all cost components was capitalized. For further details on the net periodic cost of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans, see Note 12, Retirement Benefits. The implementation of this standard did not have a material impact on CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ consolidated net income, cash flows, or financial position. SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: The SEC staff issued this guidance to address situations where a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the TCJA in the period in which the TCJA was enacted. Under the guidance, registrants can report the effects of the TCJA as provisional amounts based on reasonable estimates in those areas in which the accounting is incomplete. The provisional amounts are subject to adjustment during a measurement period that can extend no longer than one year from the enactment date. For further details on how CMS Energy and Consumers applied this guidance to their consolidated financial statements, see Note 14, Income Taxes. New Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective ASU 2014 ‑09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: This standard provides new guidance for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. A primary objective of the standard is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model that will be applied across entities, industries, and capital markets. The new guidance replaces most of the existing revenue recognition requirements in GAAP, although certain guidance specific to rate-regulated utilities has been retained. The standard is effective on January 1, 2018 for CMS Energy and Consumers. Entities have the option to apply the standard retrospectively to all prior periods presented, or to apply it retrospectively only to contracts existing at the effective date, with the cumulative effect of the standard recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings. CMS Energy and Consumers will apply the standard retrospectively only to contracts existing on the effective date, with the cumulative effect of the standard recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings. CMS Energy and Consumers are finalizing their implementation of the standard and they do not expect it to have a material impact on their consolidated net income, cash flows, or financial position. CMS Energy and Consumers will provide additional disclosures about their revenues in accordance with the new standard, but they have not identified any significant changes in their revenue recognition practices that may be required. ASU 2016 ‑01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities: This standard, effective January 1, 2018 for CMS Energy and Consumers, is intended to improve the accounting for financial instruments. The standard requires investments in equity securities to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income, except for certain investments such as those that qualify for equity-method accounting. The standard no longer permits unrealized gains and losses for certain equity investments to be recorded in AOCI. There are other targeted changes as well. Entities will apply the standard using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings on the effective date. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund investments in the DB SERP and reinvested in U.S. Treasury debt securities. Prior to the sale of the mutual funds, CMS Energy and Consumers recorded unrealized gains and losses on these investments in AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary were reported in earnings. With the sale of these funds in 2017, CMS Energy does not expect this standard to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. Consumers presently records unrealized gains and losses on its investment in CMS Energy common stock in AOCI. In accordance with the standard, as of January 1, 2018, Consumers will remove the $19 million unrealized gain and the associated deferred taxes on its investment in CMS Energy common stock from AOCI and record the gain in retained earnings. In addition, subsequent to January 1, 2018, Consumers will recognize all unrealized gains and losses on this investment in net income. The changes to the accounting treatment for this investment will be reflected in Consumers’ consolidated financial statements only, with no impact on CMS Energy’s consolidated financial statements. For further details on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investments in debt and equity securities, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. ASU 2016 ‑02, Leases: This standard establishes a new accounting model for leases. The standard will require entities to recognize lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with a term of more than one year, including operating leases, which are not recorded on the balance sheet under existing standards. As a result, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to recognize additional lease assets and liabilities for their operating leases under this standard. The new guidance will also amend the definition of a lease to require that a lessee control the use of a specified asset, and not simply control or take the output of the asset. On the income statement, leases that meet existing capital lease criteria will generally be accounted for under a financing model, while operating leases will generally be accounted for under a straight-line expense model. The standard will be effective on January 1, 2019 for CMS Energy and Consumers, but early adoption is permitted. As part of their adoption of the new standard, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to elect certain practical expedients permitted by the standard, under which they will not be required to perform lease assessments or reassessments for agreements existing on the effective date. CMS Energy and Consumers have decided not to adopt the standard early and are continuing to evaluate the impact of the standard on their consolidated financial statements. See Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing, for more information on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ operating lease obligations. ASU 2016 ‑13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments: This standard, which will be effective January 1, 2020 for CMS Energy and Consumers, provides new guidance for estimating and recording credit losses on financial instruments. The standard will apply to the recognition of loan losses at EnerBank as well as to the recognition of uncollectible accounts expense at Consumers. Entities will apply the standard using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings on the effective date. CMS Energy and Consumers are evaluating the impact of the standard on their consolidated financial statements. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
New Accounting Standards | 2: New Accounting Standards Implementation of New Accounting Standards ASU 2017 ‑07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost: This standard was issued to improve the reporting of net benefit cost by employers that offer defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans. The required effective date of the standard for CMS Energy and Consumers is January 1, 2018, but early adoption was permitted in the first interim period of 2017. CMS Energy and Consumers elected to adopt the standard as of January 1, 2017. The standard requires employers to report the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item on the income statement as other employee compensation costs, while presenting the other cost components separately outside of operating income. This change is to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Accordingly, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, CMS Energy and Consumers have presented the service cost component of their retirement benefits plans in maintenance and other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income, while presenting the other components in nonoperating retirement benefits, net, under other income (expense). Prior to this standard, CMS Energy and Consumers had presented all of the cost components in maintenance and other operating expenses. Under a practical expedient permitted by the standard, CMS Energy and Consumers used benefit cost amounts disclosed for prior periods as the basis for retrospective application. In addition, under this standard, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization as part of the cost of an asset. This change is to be applied prospectively upon adoption. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers capitalized a portion of the service cost component of their retirement benefits plans to plant, property, and equipment, while recognizing the other components in net income. In prior periods, a portion of all cost components was capitalized. For further details on the net periodic cost of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans, see Note 12, Retirement Benefits. The implementation of this standard did not have a material impact on CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ consolidated net income, cash flows, or financial position. SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: The SEC staff issued this guidance to address situations where a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the TCJA in the period in which the TCJA was enacted. Under the guidance, registrants can report the effects of the TCJA as provisional amounts based on reasonable estimates in those areas in which the accounting is incomplete. The provisional amounts are subject to adjustment during a measurement period that can extend no longer than one year from the enactment date. For further details on how CMS Energy and Consumers applied this guidance to their consolidated financial statements, see Note 14, Income Taxes. New Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective ASU 2014 ‑09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: This standard provides new guidance for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. A primary objective of the standard is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model that will be applied across entities, industries, and capital markets. The new guidance replaces most of the existing revenue recognition requirements in GAAP, although certain guidance specific to rate-regulated utilities has been retained. The standard is effective on January 1, 2018 for CMS Energy and Consumers. Entities have the option to apply the standard retrospectively to all prior periods presented, or to apply it retrospectively only to contracts existing at the effective date, with the cumulative effect of the standard recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings. CMS Energy and Consumers will apply the standard retrospectively only to contracts existing on the effective date, with the cumulative effect of the standard recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings. CMS Energy and Consumers are finalizing their implementation of the standard and they do not expect it to have a material impact on their consolidated net income, cash flows, or financial position. CMS Energy and Consumers will provide additional disclosures about their revenues in accordance with the new standard, but they have not identified any significant changes in their revenue recognition practices that may be required. ASU 2016 ‑01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities: This standard, effective January 1, 2018 for CMS Energy and Consumers, is intended to improve the accounting for financial instruments. The standard requires investments in equity securities to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income, except for certain investments such as those that qualify for equity-method accounting. The standard no longer permits unrealized gains and losses for certain equity investments to be recorded in AOCI. There are other targeted changes as well. Entities will apply the standard using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings on the effective date. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund investments in the DB SERP and reinvested in U.S. Treasury debt securities. Prior to the sale of the mutual funds, CMS Energy and Consumers recorded unrealized gains and losses on these investments in AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary were reported in earnings. With the sale of these funds in 2017, CMS Energy does not expect this standard to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. Consumers presently records unrealized gains and losses on its investment in CMS Energy common stock in AOCI. In accordance with the standard, as of January 1, 2018, Consumers will remove the $19 million unrealized gain and the associated deferred taxes on its investment in CMS Energy common stock from AOCI and record the gain in retained earnings. In addition, subsequent to January 1, 2018, Consumers will recognize all unrealized gains and losses on this investment in net income. The changes to the accounting treatment for this investment will be reflected in Consumers’ consolidated financial statements only, with no impact on CMS Energy’s consolidated financial statements. For further details on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investments in debt and equity securities, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. ASU 2016 ‑02, Leases: This standard establishes a new accounting model for leases. The standard will require entities to recognize lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with a term of more than one year, including operating leases, which are not recorded on the balance sheet under existing standards. As a result, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to recognize additional lease assets and liabilities for their operating leases under this standard. The new guidance will also amend the definition of a lease to require that a lessee control the use of a specified asset, and not simply control or take the output of the asset. On the income statement, leases that meet existing capital lease criteria will generally be accounted for under a financing model, while operating leases will generally be accounted for under a straight-line expense model. The standard will be effective on January 1, 2019 for CMS Energy and Consumers, but early adoption is permitted. As part of their adoption of the new standard, CMS Energy and Consumers expect to elect certain practical expedients permitted by the standard, under which they will not be required to perform lease assessments or reassessments for agreements existing on the effective date. CMS Energy and Consumers have decided not to adopt the standard early and are continuing to evaluate the impact of the standard on their consolidated financial statements. See Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing, for more information on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ operating lease obligations. ASU 2016 ‑13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments: This standard, which will be effective January 1, 2020 for CMS Energy and Consumers, provides new guidance for estimating and recording credit losses on financial instruments. The standard will apply to the recognition of loan losses at EnerBank as well as to the recognition of uncollectible accounts expense at Consumers. Entities will apply the standard using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to beginning retained earnings on the effective date. CMS Energy and Consumers are evaluating the impact of the standard on their consolidated financial statements. |
Regulatory Matters
Regulatory Matters | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Regulatory Matters | 3: Regulatory Matters Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings. There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the adequacy of the record evidence supporting the recovery of Smart Energy investments, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities Consumers is subject to the actions of the MPSC and FERC and therefore prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with the provisions of regulatory accounting. A utility must apply regulatory accounting when its rates are designed to recover specific costs of providing regulated services. Under regulatory accounting, Consumers records regulatory assets or liabilities for certain transactions that would have been treated as expense or revenue by non ‑regulated businesses. Presented in the following table are the regulatory assets and liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets: In Millions December 31 End of Recovery or Refund Period 2017 2016 Regulatory assets Current Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2018 $ 18 $ 17 Other 2018 2 - Total current regulatory assets $ 20 $ 17 Non-current Postretirement benefits 2 various $ 1,028 $ 1,373 Securitized costs 3 2029 298 323 ARO 4 various 161 166 MGP sites 4 various 142 139 Unamortized loss on reacquired debt 4 various 53 54 Energy waste reduction plan 4 various 39 1 Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2019 31 18 Gas storage inventory adjustments 4 various 10 14 Other various 2 3 Total non-current regulatory assets $ 1,764 $ 2,091 Total regulatory assets $ 1,784 $ 2,108 Regulatory liabilities Current Income taxes, net 2018 $ 52 $ 64 Other 2018 28 31 Total current regulatory liabilities $ 80 $ 95 Non-current Cost of removal various $ 1,844 $ 1,809 Income taxes, net various 1,564 7 Postretirement benefits various 135 - Renewable energy plan 2028 56 83 Renewable energy grant 2043 56 58 ARO various 50 62 Energy waste reduction plan various - 11 Other various 10 11 Total non-current regulatory liabilities $ 3,715 $ 2,041 Total regulatory liabilities $ 3,795 $ 2,136 1 These regulatory assets have arisen from an alternative revenue program and are not associated with incurred costs or capital investments. Therefore, the MPSC has provided for recovery without a return. 2 This regulatory asset is offset partially by liabilities. The net amount is included in rate base, thereby providing a return. 3 The MPSC has authorized a specific return on this regulatory asset. 4 These regulatory assets represent incurred costs for which the MPSC has provided, or Consumers expects, recovery without a return on investment. Regulatory Assets Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: In September 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing Consumers to collect $18 million during 2018 as an incentive for exceeding its statutory savings targets in 2016. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $18 million in 2016. Consumers also exceeded its statutory savings targets in 2017, achieved certain other goals, and will request the MPSC’s approval to collect $31 million, the maximum performance incentive, in the energy waste reduction reconciliation to be filed in 2018. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $31 million in 2017. Postretirement Benefits: As part of the ratemaking process, the MPSC allows Consumers to recover the costs of postretirement benefits. Accordingly, Consumers defers the net impact of actuarial losses and gains as well as prior service costs and credits associated with postretirement benefits as a regulatory asset or liability. The asset or liability will decrease as the deferred items are amortized and recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost. For details about the amortization periods, see Note 12, Retirement Benefits. Securitized Costs: In 2013 , the MPSC issued a securitization financing order authorizing Consumers to issue securitization bonds in order to finance the recovery of the remaining book value of seven smaller coal-fueled electric generating units that Consumers retired in April 2016 and three smaller natural gas-fueled electric generating units that Consumers retired in 2015 . Upon receipt of the MPSC’s order, Consumers removed the book value of the ten units from plant, property, and equipment and recorded this amount as a regulatory asset. Consumers is amortizing the regulatory asset over the life of the related securitization bonds, which it issued through a subsidiary in 2014. For additional details regarding the securitization bonds, see Note 5, Financings and Capitalization. ARO: The recovery of the underlying asset investments and related removal and monitoring costs of recorded AROs is approved by the MPSC in depreciation rate cases. Consumers records a regulatory asset and a regulatory liability for timing differences between the recognition of AROs for financial reporting purposes and the recovery of these costs from customers. The recovery period approximates the useful life of the assets to be removed. MGP Sites: Consumers is incurring environmental remediation and other response activity costs at 23 former MGP facilities. The MPSC allows Consumers to recover from its natural gas customers over a ten -year period the costs incurred to remediate the MGP sites. Unamortized Loss on Reacquired Debt: Under regulatory accounting, any unamortized discount, premium, or expense related to debt redeemed with the proceeds of new debt is capitalized and amortized over the life of the new debt. Energy Waste Reduction Plan: The MPSC allows Consumers to collect surcharges from customers to fund its energy waste reduction plan. The amount of spending incurred in excess of surcharges collected is recorded as a regulatory asset and amortized as surcharges are collected from customers over the plan period. The amount of surcharges collected in excess of spending incurred is recorded as a regulatory liability and amortized as costs are incurred. Gas Storage Inventory Adjustments: Consumers incurs inventory expenses related to the loss of gas from its natural gas storage fields. The MPSC allows Consumers to recover these costs from its natural gas customers over a five -year period. Regulatory Liabilities Income Taxes, Net: Consumers records regulatory assets and liabilities to reflect the difference between deferred income taxes recognized for financial reporting purposes and amounts previously reflected in Consumers’ rates. This net balance will decrease over the remaining life of the related temporary differences and flow through current income tax benefit. At December 31, 2017, Consumers measured its deferred tax assets and liabilities using the 21 percent federal tax rate enacted in the TCJA. Due to the lower corporate tax rate, Consumers reduced its net deferred tax liabilities associated with its utility book-tax temporary differences by $1.6 billion and recorded an offsetting regulatory liability. For additional details on the TCJA, see Note 14, Income Taxes. Cost of Removal: The MPSC allows Consumers to collect amounts from customers to fund future asset removal activities. This regulatory liability is reduced as costs of removal are incurred. The refund period of this regulatory liability approximates the useful life of the assets to be removed. Renewable Energy Plan: Consumers has collected surcharges to fund its renewable energy plan. Amounts not yet spent under the plan are recorded as a regulatory liability, which is amortized as incremental costs are incurred to operate and depreciate Consumers’ renewable generation facilities and to purchase RECs under renewable energy purchase agreements. Incremental costs represent costs incurred in excess of amounts recovered through the PSCR process. Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a $ 69 million renewable energy grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park, which began operations in 2012. This grant reduces Consumers’ cost of complying with Michigan’s renewable portfolio standard and, accordingly, reduces the overall renewable energy surcharge to be collected from customers. The regulatory liability recorded for the grant will be amortized over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers Electric Utility 2016 Electric Rate Case: In March 2016, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $225 million, based on a 10.7 percent authorized return on equity. In September 2016, Consumers self ‑implemented an annual rate increase of $170 million, subject to refund with interest. The MPSC issued an order in February 2017, authorizing an annual rate increase of $113 million, based on a 10.1 percent authorized return on equity. In May 2017, Consumers filed a reconciliation of total revenues collected during self-implementation to those that would have been collected under final rates. In October 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement that resulted in a $17 million refund to customers during December 2017. Consumers had recorded this amount as a reserve for customer refunds at December 31, 2016. 2017 Electric Rate Case: In March 2017, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $173 million, based on a 10.5 percent authorized return on equity. The filing requested authority to recover new investment in system reliability, environmental compliance, and technology enhancements. In September 2017, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $148 million. Presented in the following table are the components of the requested increase in revenue: In Millions Components of the rate increase Investment in rate base $ 45 Operating and maintenance costs 42 Gross margin 42 Cost of capital 28 Working capital (9) Total $ 148 In October 2017, Consumers self ‑implemented an annual rate increase of $130 million, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties. Consumers had collected $32 million under these self-implemented rates at December 31, 2017. In January 2018, an administrative law judge issued a proposal for decision with a recommended annual rate increase of $30 million. Consumers ha s estimated and recorded a reserve for customer refunds at December 31, 2017 that it believes is adequate. A final order is expected by the end of March 2018. FERC Transmission Order: In September 2016, FERC issued an order reducing the rate of return on equity earned by transmission owners operating within MISO to a base of 10.32 percent from 12.38 percent. FERC ordered MISO and transmission owners to provide refunds, with interest, to transmission customers such as Consumers for the period from November 2013 through February 2015. In February 2017, as a result of this order, Consumers received from MISO a credit of $28 million, which it returned to its electric customers through the PSCR ratemaking process. The FERC order is subject to further legal proceedings and Consumers’ MISO credit may be adjusted accordingly. Sale of Coal-Fueled Generating Units: In October 2017, Consumers completed the sale of its retired B.C. Cobb and J.R. Whiting coal-fueled electric generating units to Forsite. Under the terms of the agreement, which the MPSC approved in September 2017, Consumers transferred the generating units and associated land to Forsite and agreed to pay Forsite $63 million to decommission the units and perform cleanup activities at the sites. Consumers securitized the generating units in 2014; thus, the carrying value of the assets was zero . Upon the closing of the sale, Consumers recorded a liability of $63 million with an offsetting reduction to its cost of removal regulatory liability. Additionally, Consumers removed from its consolidated balance sheets a $16 million ARO related to asbestos removal and the offsetting $16 million ARO regulatory asset . Consumers Gas Utility Gas Rate Case: In August 2016, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $90 million, based on a 10.6 percent authorized return on equity. Consumers later reduced its requested annual rate increase to $80 million. In January 2017, Consumers self-implemented an annual rate increase of $20 million. The MPSC issued an order in July 2017, authorizing an annual rate increase of $29 million , based on a 10.1 percent authorized return on equity, beginning in August 2017. The MPSC also approved an investment recovery mechanism that will provide for additional annual rate increases of $18 million beginning in 2018 and another $18 million beginning in 2019 for incremental investments that Consumers plans to make in those years, subject to reconciliation. The investment recovery surcharge will remain in effect until rates are reset in a subsequent general rate case. Depreciation Rate Case: In August 2016, Consumers filed a depreciation rate case related to its gas utility property, requesting to decrease depreciation expense by $3 million annually. In March 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing the requested decrease in depreciation expense effective as of January 2017. Power Supply Cost Recovery and Gas Cost Recovery The PSCR and GCR ratemaking processes are designed to allow Consumers to recover all of its power supply and purchased natural gas costs if incurred under reasonable and prudent policies and practices. The MPSC reviews these costs, policies, and practices in annual plan and reconciliation proceedings. Consumers adjusts its PSCR and GCR billing charges monthly in order to minimize the underrecovery or overrecovery amount in the annual reconciliations. Underrecoveries represent probable future revenues that will be recovered from customers; overrecoveries represent previously collected revenues that will be refunded to customers. Presented in the following table are the liabilities for PSCR and GCR overrecoveries reflected on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 Liabilities PSCR overrecoveries $ 27 $ 8 GCR overrecoveries 6 13 Accrued rate refunds $ 33 $ 21 PSCR Plans and Reconciliations: In March 2016, Consumers filed its 2015 PSCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and authorization to reflect in its 2016 PSCR plan the overrecovery of $6 million. Subsequently, Consumers revised its filing to reflect an overrecovery of $12 million. In February 2018, the MPSC issued an order approving recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and directing Consumers to reflect in its 2016 PSCR plan an overrecovery of $21 million. At December 31, 2017, Consumers had a recorded reserve for the PSCR overrecovery that it considers adequate. In March 2017, Consumers filed its 2016 PSCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and authorization to reflect in its 2017 PSCR plan the underrecovery of $9 million. In February 2018, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers ’ 2017 PSCR plan , revising the 2017 PSCR factor that Consumers self-implemented beginning in January 2017. GCR Plans and Reconciliations: In March 2017, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers’ 2015-2016 GCR reconciliation, approving full recovery of $0.5 billion of gas costs and authorizing Consumers to reflect in its 2016-2017 GCR plan the overrecovery of $2 million. In June 2017, Consumers filed its 2016-2017 GCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $0.5 billion of gas costs and authorization to reflect in its 2017-2018 GCR plan the overrecovery of $2 million. In July 2017, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers’ 2017-2018 GCR plan, authorizing the 2017-2018 GCR factor that Consumers self-implemented beginning in April 2017. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Regulatory Matters | 3: Regulatory Matters Regulatory matters are critical to Consumers. The Michigan Attorney General, ABATE, the MPSC Staff, and certain other parties typically participate in MPSC proceedings concerning Consumers, such as Consumers’ rate cases and PSCR and GCR processes. These parties often challenge various aspects of those proceedings, including the prudence of Consumers’ policies and practices, and seek cost disallowances and other relief. The parties also have appealed significant MPSC orders. Depending upon the specific issues, the outcomes of rate cases and proceedings, including judicial proceedings challenging MPSC orders or other actions, could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings. There are multiple appeals pending that involve various issues concerning cost recovery from customers, the adequacy of the record evidence supporting the recovery of Smart Energy investments, and other matters. Consumers is unable to predict the outcome of these appeals. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities Consumers is subject to the actions of the MPSC and FERC and therefore prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with the provisions of regulatory accounting. A utility must apply regulatory accounting when its rates are designed to recover specific costs of providing regulated services. Under regulatory accounting, Consumers records regulatory assets or liabilities for certain transactions that would have been treated as expense or revenue by non ‑regulated businesses. Presented in the following table are the regulatory assets and liabilities on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets: In Millions December 31 End of Recovery or Refund Period 2017 2016 Regulatory assets Current Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2018 $ 18 $ 17 Other 2018 2 - Total current regulatory assets $ 20 $ 17 Non-current Postretirement benefits 2 various $ 1,028 $ 1,373 Securitized costs 3 2029 298 323 ARO 4 various 161 166 MGP sites 4 various 142 139 Unamortized loss on reacquired debt 4 various 53 54 Energy waste reduction plan 4 various 39 1 Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2019 31 18 Gas storage inventory adjustments 4 various 10 14 Other various 2 3 Total non-current regulatory assets $ 1,764 $ 2,091 Total regulatory assets $ 1,784 $ 2,108 Regulatory liabilities Current Income taxes, net 2018 $ 52 $ 64 Other 2018 28 31 Total current regulatory liabilities $ 80 $ 95 Non-current Cost of removal various $ 1,844 $ 1,809 Income taxes, net various 1,564 7 Postretirement benefits various 135 - Renewable energy plan 2028 56 83 Renewable energy grant 2043 56 58 ARO various 50 62 Energy waste reduction plan various - 11 Other various 10 11 Total non-current regulatory liabilities $ 3,715 $ 2,041 Total regulatory liabilities $ 3,795 $ 2,136 1 These regulatory assets have arisen from an alternative revenue program and are not associated with incurred costs or capital investments. Therefore, the MPSC has provided for recovery without a return. 2 This regulatory asset is offset partially by liabilities. The net amount is included in rate base, thereby providing a return. 3 The MPSC has authorized a specific return on this regulatory asset. 4 These regulatory assets represent incurred costs for which the MPSC has provided, or Consumers expects, recovery without a return on investment. Regulatory Assets Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive: In September 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing Consumers to collect $18 million during 2018 as an incentive for exceeding its statutory savings targets in 2016. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $18 million in 2016. Consumers also exceeded its statutory savings targets in 2017, achieved certain other goals, and will request the MPSC’s approval to collect $31 million, the maximum performance incentive, in the energy waste reduction reconciliation to be filed in 2018. Consumers recognized incentive revenue under this program of $31 million in 2017. Postretirement Benefits: As part of the ratemaking process, the MPSC allows Consumers to recover the costs of postretirement benefits. Accordingly, Consumers defers the net impact of actuarial losses and gains as well as prior service costs and credits associated with postretirement benefits as a regulatory asset or liability. The asset or liability will decrease as the deferred items are amortized and recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost. For details about the amortization periods, see Note 12, Retirement Benefits. Securitized Costs: In 2013 , the MPSC issued a securitization financing order authorizing Consumers to issue securitization bonds in order to finance the recovery of the remaining book value of seven smaller coal-fueled electric generating units that Consumers retired in April 2016 and three smaller natural gas-fueled electric generating units that Consumers retired in 2015 . Upon receipt of the MPSC’s order, Consumers removed the book value of the ten units from plant, property, and equipment and recorded this amount as a regulatory asset. Consumers is amortizing the regulatory asset over the life of the related securitization bonds, which it issued through a subsidiary in 2014. For additional details regarding the securitization bonds, see Note 5, Financings and Capitalization. ARO: The recovery of the underlying asset investments and related removal and monitoring costs of recorded AROs is approved by the MPSC in depreciation rate cases. Consumers records a regulatory asset and a regulatory liability for timing differences between the recognition of AROs for financial reporting purposes and the recovery of these costs from customers. The recovery period approximates the useful life of the assets to be removed. MGP Sites: Consumers is incurring environmental remediation and other response activity costs at 23 former MGP facilities. The MPSC allows Consumers to recover from its natural gas customers over a ten -year period the costs incurred to remediate the MGP sites. Unamortized Loss on Reacquired Debt: Under regulatory accounting, any unamortized discount, premium, or expense related to debt redeemed with the proceeds of new debt is capitalized and amortized over the life of the new debt. Energy Waste Reduction Plan: The MPSC allows Consumers to collect surcharges from customers to fund its energy waste reduction plan. The amount of spending incurred in excess of surcharges collected is recorded as a regulatory asset and amortized as surcharges are collected from customers over the plan period. The amount of surcharges collected in excess of spending incurred is recorded as a regulatory liability and amortized as costs are incurred. Gas Storage Inventory Adjustments: Consumers incurs inventory expenses related to the loss of gas from its natural gas storage fields. The MPSC allows Consumers to recover these costs from its natural gas customers over a five -year period. Regulatory Liabilities Income Taxes, Net: Consumers records regulatory assets and liabilities to reflect the difference between deferred income taxes recognized for financial reporting purposes and amounts previously reflected in Consumers’ rates. This net balance will decrease over the remaining life of the related temporary differences and flow through current income tax benefit. At December 31, 2017, Consumers measured its deferred tax assets and liabilities using the 21 percent federal tax rate enacted in the TCJA. Due to the lower corporate tax rate, Consumers reduced its net deferred tax liabilities associated with its utility book-tax temporary differences by $1.6 billion and recorded an offsetting regulatory liability. For additional details on the TCJA, see Note 14, Income Taxes. Cost of Removal: The MPSC allows Consumers to collect amounts from customers to fund future asset removal activities. This regulatory liability is reduced as costs of removal are incurred. The refund period of this regulatory liability approximates the useful life of the assets to be removed. Renewable Energy Plan: Consumers has collected surcharges to fund its renewable energy plan. Amounts not yet spent under the plan are recorded as a regulatory liability, which is amortized as incremental costs are incurred to operate and depreciate Consumers’ renewable generation facilities and to purchase RECs under renewable energy purchase agreements. Incremental costs represent costs incurred in excess of amounts recovered through the PSCR process. Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a $ 69 million renewable energy grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park, which began operations in 2012. This grant reduces Consumers’ cost of complying with Michigan’s renewable portfolio standard and, accordingly, reduces the overall renewable energy surcharge to be collected from customers. The regulatory liability recorded for the grant will be amortized over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers Electric Utility 2016 Electric Rate Case: In March 2016, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $225 million, based on a 10.7 percent authorized return on equity. In September 2016, Consumers self ‑implemented an annual rate increase of $170 million, subject to refund with interest. The MPSC issued an order in February 2017, authorizing an annual rate increase of $113 million, based on a 10.1 percent authorized return on equity. In May 2017, Consumers filed a reconciliation of total revenues collected during self-implementation to those that would have been collected under final rates. In October 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement that resulted in a $17 million refund to customers during December 2017. Consumers had recorded this amount as a reserve for customer refunds at December 31, 2016. 2017 Electric Rate Case: In March 2017, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $173 million, based on a 10.5 percent authorized return on equity. The filing requested authority to recover new investment in system reliability, environmental compliance, and technology enhancements. In September 2017, Consumers reduced its requested annual rate increase to $148 million. Presented in the following table are the components of the requested increase in revenue: In Millions Components of the rate increase Investment in rate base $ 45 Operating and maintenance costs 42 Gross margin 42 Cost of capital 28 Working capital (9) Total $ 148 In October 2017, Consumers self ‑implemented an annual rate increase of $130 million, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties. Consumers had collected $32 million under these self-implemented rates at December 31, 2017. In January 2018, an administrative law judge issued a proposal for decision with a recommended annual rate increase of $30 million. Consumers ha s estimated and recorded a reserve for customer refunds at December 31, 2017 that it believes is adequate. A final order is expected by the end of March 2018. FERC Transmission Order: In September 2016, FERC issued an order reducing the rate of return on equity earned by transmission owners operating within MISO to a base of 10.32 percent from 12.38 percent. FERC ordered MISO and transmission owners to provide refunds, with interest, to transmission customers such as Consumers for the period from November 2013 through February 2015. In February 2017, as a result of this order, Consumers received from MISO a credit of $28 million, which it returned to its electric customers through the PSCR ratemaking process. The FERC order is subject to further legal proceedings and Consumers’ MISO credit may be adjusted accordingly. Sale of Coal-Fueled Generating Units: In October 2017, Consumers completed the sale of its retired B.C. Cobb and J.R. Whiting coal-fueled electric generating units to Forsite. Under the terms of the agreement, which the MPSC approved in September 2017, Consumers transferred the generating units and associated land to Forsite and agreed to pay Forsite $63 million to decommission the units and perform cleanup activities at the sites. Consumers securitized the generating units in 2014; thus, the carrying value of the assets was zero . Upon the closing of the sale, Consumers recorded a liability of $63 million with an offsetting reduction to its cost of removal regulatory liability. Additionally, Consumers removed from its consolidated balance sheets a $16 million ARO related to asbestos removal and the offsetting $16 million ARO regulatory asset . Consumers Gas Utility Gas Rate Case: In August 2016, Consumers filed an application with the MPSC seeking an annual rate increase of $90 million, based on a 10.6 percent authorized return on equity. Consumers later reduced its requested annual rate increase to $80 million. In January 2017, Consumers self-implemented an annual rate increase of $20 million. The MPSC issued an order in July 2017, authorizing an annual rate increase of $29 million , based on a 10.1 percent authorized return on equity, beginning in August 2017. The MPSC also approved an investment recovery mechanism that will provide for additional annual rate increases of $18 million beginning in 2018 and another $18 million beginning in 2019 for incremental investments that Consumers plans to make in those years, subject to reconciliation. The investment recovery surcharge will remain in effect until rates are reset in a subsequent general rate case. Depreciation Rate Case: In August 2016, Consumers filed a depreciation rate case related to its gas utility property, requesting to decrease depreciation expense by $3 million annually. In March 2017, the MPSC approved a settlement agreement authorizing the requested decrease in depreciation expense effective as of January 2017. Power Supply Cost Recovery and Gas Cost Recovery The PSCR and GCR ratemaking processes are designed to allow Consumers to recover all of its power supply and purchased natural gas costs if incurred under reasonable and prudent policies and practices. The MPSC reviews these costs, policies, and practices in annual plan and reconciliation proceedings. Consumers adjusts its PSCR and GCR billing charges monthly in order to minimize the underrecovery or overrecovery amount in the annual reconciliations. Underrecoveries represent probable future revenues that will be recovered from customers; overrecoveries represent previously collected revenues that will be refunded to customers. Presented in the following table are the liabilities for PSCR and GCR overrecoveries reflected on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 Liabilities PSCR overrecoveries $ 27 $ 8 GCR overrecoveries 6 13 Accrued rate refunds $ 33 $ 21 PSCR Plans and Reconciliations: In March 2016, Consumers filed its 2015 PSCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and authorization to reflect in its 2016 PSCR plan the overrecovery of $6 million. Subsequently, Consumers revised its filing to reflect an overrecovery of $12 million. In February 2018, the MPSC issued an order approving recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and directing Consumers to reflect in its 2016 PSCR plan an overrecovery of $21 million. At December 31, 2017, Consumers had a recorded reserve for the PSCR overrecovery that it considers adequate. In March 2017, Consumers filed its 2016 PSCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $1.9 billion of power costs and authorization to reflect in its 2017 PSCR plan the underrecovery of $9 million. In February 2018, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers ’ 2017 PSCR plan , revising the 2017 PSCR factor that Consumers self-implemented beginning in January 2017. GCR Plans and Reconciliations: In March 2017, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers’ 2015-2016 GCR reconciliation, approving full recovery of $0.5 billion of gas costs and authorizing Consumers to reflect in its 2016-2017 GCR plan the overrecovery of $2 million. In June 2017, Consumers filed its 2016-2017 GCR reconciliation, requesting full recovery of $0.5 billion of gas costs and authorization to reflect in its 2017-2018 GCR plan the overrecovery of $2 million. In July 2017, the MPSC issued an order in Consumers’ 2017-2018 GCR plan, authorizing the 2017-2018 GCR factor that Consumers self-implemented beginning in April 2017. |
Contingencies And Commitments
Contingencies And Commitments | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Contingencies And Commitments | 4: Contingencies and Commitments CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter. CMS Energy Contingencies Gas Index Price Reporting Litigation: CMS Energy, along with CMS MST, CMS Field Services, Cantera Natural Gas, Inc., and Cantera Gas Company, were named as defendants in four class action lawsuits and one individual lawsuit arising as a result of alleged inaccurate natural gas price reporting to publications that report trade information. Allegations include price-fixing conspiracies, restraint of trade, and artificial inflation of natural gas retail prices in Kansas, Missouri, and Wisconsin. In December 2016, CMS Energy entities reached a settlement with the plaintiffs in the Kansas and Missouri class action cases for an amount that was not material to CMS Energy. In August 2017, the federal district court approved the settlement. The following provides more detail on the remaining cases in which CMS Energy or its affiliates were named as parties: · In 2006, a class action complaint, Arandell Corp., et al. v. XCEL Energy Inc., et al., was filed in Wisconsin state court on behalf of Wisconsin commercial entities that purchased natural gas between January 2000 and October 2002. The defendants, including CMS Energy, CMS ERM, and Cantera Gas Company, are alleged to have violated Wisconsin’s antitrust statute. The plaintiffs are seeking full consideration damages, treble damages, costs, interest, and attorneys’ fees. · In 2009, a class action complaint, Newpage Wisconsin System v. CMS ERM, et al., was filed in circuit court in Wood County, Wisconsin, against CMS Energy, CMS ERM, Cantera Gas Company, and others. The plaintiff is seeking full consideration damages, treble damages, costs, interest, and attorneys’ fees. · In 2005, J.P. Morgan Trust Company, N.A., in its capacity as trustee of the FLI Liquidating Trust, filed an action in Kansas state court against CMS Energy, CMS MST, CMS Field Services, and others. The complaint alleges various claims under the Kansas Restraint of Trade Act. The plaintiff is seeking statutory full consideration damages for its purchases of natural gas in 2000 and 2001, costs, and attorneys’ fees. After removal to federal court, the cases described above were transferred to a single federal district court pursuant to the multidistrict litigation process. In 2010 and 2011, all claims against CMS Energy defendants were dismissed by the district court based on FERC preemption. In 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed the district court decision. The appellate court found that FERC preemption does not apply under the facts of these cases. The appellate court affirmed the district court’s denial of leave to amend to add federal antitrust claims. The matter was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 2015 upheld the Ninth Circuit’s decision. The cases were remanded back to the federal district court. In May 2016, the federal district court granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment in the individual lawsuit filed in Kansas based on a release in a prior settlement involving similar allegations. The order of summary judgment has been appealed. In March 2017, the federal district court denied plaintiffs’ motion for class certification in the two pending class action cases. The plaintiffs appealed that decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which has accepted the matter for hearing. In June 2017, an unaffiliated company that is also a defendant in these cases filed for bankruptcy, which could increase the risk of loss to CMS Energy. These cases involve complex facts, a large number of similarly situated defendants with different factual positions, and multiple jurisdictions. Presently, any estimate of liability would be highly speculative; the amount of CMS Energy’s reasonably possible loss would be based on widely varying models previously untested in this context. If the outcome after appeals is unfavorable, these cases could negatively affect CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate, a liquid consisting of water and other substances, at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and the MDEQ finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit issued in 2010 and renewed in October 2016. The renewed NPDES permit is valid through September 2020. Various claims have been brought against CMS Land or its affiliates, including CMS Energy, alleging environmental damage to property, loss of property value, insufficient disclosure of environmental matters, breach of agreement relating to access, or other matters. CMS Land and other parties have received a demand for payment from the EPA in the amount of $ 8 million, plus interest and costs . The EPA is seeking recovery under CERCLA of response costs allegedly incurred at Bay Harbor. These costs exceed what was agreed to in a 2005 order between CMS Land and the EPA, and CMS Land has communicated to the EPA that it does not believe that this is a valid claim. The EPA has filed a lawsuit to collect these costs. At December 31, 2017 , CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $ 48 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $ 61 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term liquid disposal and operating and maintenance costs in each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy Long-term liquid disposal and operating and maintenance costs $ 5 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter. Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim: In 2002, CMS Energy sold its oil, gas, and methanol investments in Equatorial Guinea. The government of Equatorial Guinea claims that , in connection with the sale, CMS Energy owes $ 152 million in taxes, plus substantial penalties and interest that could be up to the amount of the taxes claimed. In 2015, the matter was proceeding to formal arbitration; however, since then, the government of Equatorial Guinea has stopped communicating . CMS Energy has concluded that the government’s tax claim is without merit and will continue to contest the claim, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations. Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under the NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $ 3 million and $ 4 million. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $ 3 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow ‑up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river. Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $ 3 million and $ 8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $ 3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability. Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non ‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome. MCV PPA: In December 2017, the MCV Partnership initiated arbitration against Consumers, asserting a breach of contract associated with the MCV PPA. Under this PPA, Consumers pays the MCV Partnership a fixed energy charge based on Consumers’ annual average baseload coal generating plant operating and maintenance cost, fuel inventory, and administrative and general expenses. The MCV Partnership asserts that Consumers should have installed pollution control equipment on coal-fueled electric generating units years before they were retired. The MCV Partnership also asserts that Consumers should have installed pollution control equipment earlier on its remaining coal-fueled electric generating units. The assertion claims that these changes would have increased Consumers’ costs to operate and maintain the facilities and, thereby, the fixed energy charge paid to the MCV Partnership. Additionally, the MCV Partnership claims that Consumers improperly characterized certain costs included in the calculation of the fixed energy charge. The claim estimates damages and interest in excess of $270 million, the majority of which is related to the claim on the installation of pollution control equipment. Consumers believes that the MCV Partnership’s claim is without merit, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under the NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $88 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $96 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs in each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Consumers Remediation and other response activity costs $ 17 $ 18 $ 10 $ 18 $ 7 Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability. Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten -year period. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a regulatory asset of $142 million related to the MGP sites. Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . Guarantees Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at December 31, 2017 : In Millions Maximum Carrying Guarantee Description Issue Date Expiration Date Obligation Amount CMS Energy, including Consumers Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements 1 Various Indefinite $ 153 $ 7 Guarantees 2 Various Indefinite 45 - Consumers Guarantee 2 July 2011 Indefinite $ 30 $ - 1 These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities. 2 At Consumers, this obligation comprises a guarantee provided to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers. At CMS Energy, the guarantee obligations comprise Consumers’ guarantee to the U.S. Department of Energy and CMS Energy’s 1994 guarantee of non-recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee. For additional details on this guarantee, see Note 20, Variable Interest Entities. Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. The carrying value of these indemnity obligations is $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote. Other Contingencies In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 3, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies arising in the ordinary course of business to which CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits and proceedings may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non ‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity. Contractual Commitments Purchase Obligations: Purchase obligations arise from long-term contracts for the purchase of commodities and related services, and construction and service agreements. The commodities and related services include long-term PPAs, natural gas and associated transportation, and coal and associated transportation. Related - party PPAs are between Consumers and certain affiliates of CMS Enterprises. Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ contractual purchase obligations at December 31, 2017 for each of the periods shown: In Millions Payments Due Total 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Beyond 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 2,026 891 541 186 61 56 291 Consumers PPAs MCV PPA $ 2,621 $ 350 $ 348 $ 346 $ 335 $ 339 $ 903 Palisades PPA 1,647 367 378 388 400 114 - Related-party PPAs 1,546 87 87 94 96 100 1,082 Other PPAs 3,345 238 235 236 232 242 2,162 Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 1,787 859 511 156 48 44 169 MCV PPA: Consumers has a 35 ‑year PPA that began in 1990 with the MCV Partnership to purchase 1,240 MW of electricity. The MCV PPA, as amended and restated, provides for: · a capacity charge of $ 10.14 per MWh of available capacity · a fixed energy charge based on Consumers’ annual average baseload coal generating plant operating and maintenance cost, fuel inventory, and administrative and general expenses · a variable energy charge based on the MCV Partnership’s cost of production when the plant is dispatched · a $ 5 million annual contribution by the MCV Partnership to a renewable resources program · an option for Consumers to extend the MCV PPA for five years or purchase the MCV Facility at the conclusion of the MCV PPA’s term in March 2025 Capacity and energy charges under the MCV PPA were $321 million in 201 7 , $ 305 million in 201 6 , and $ 282 million in 201 5 . Palisades PPA: Consumers has a PPA expiring in 2022 with Entergy to purchase virtually all of the capacity and energy produced by Palisades, up to the annual average capacity of 798 MW. For all delivered energy, the Palisades PPA has escalating capacity and variable energy charges. Total capacity and energy charges under the Palisades PPA were $366 million in 201 7 , $ 363 million in 201 6 , and $ 352 million in 201 5 . For further details about Palisades, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. Other PPAs: Consumers has PPAs expiring through 203 6 with various counterparties. The majority of the PPAs have capacity and energy charges for delivered energy. Capacity and energy charges under these PPAs were $349 million in 201 7 , $348 million in 201 6 , and $347 million in 201 5 . |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Contingencies And Commitments | 4: Contingencies and Commitments CMS Energy and Consumers are involved in various matters that give rise to contingent liabilities. Depending on the specific issues, the resolution of these contingencies could negatively affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. In their disclosures of these matters, CMS Energy and Consumers provide an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss when such an estimate can be made. Disclosures that state that CMS Energy or Consumers cannot predict the outcome of a matter indicate that they are unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss for the matter. CMS Energy Contingencies Gas Index Price Reporting Litigation: CMS Energy, along with CMS MST, CMS Field Services, Cantera Natural Gas, Inc., and Cantera Gas Company, were named as defendants in four class action lawsuits and one individual lawsuit arising as a result of alleged inaccurate natural gas price reporting to publications that report trade information. Allegations include price-fixing conspiracies, restraint of trade, and artificial inflation of natural gas retail prices in Kansas, Missouri, and Wisconsin. In December 2016, CMS Energy entities reached a settlement with the plaintiffs in the Kansas and Missouri class action cases for an amount that was not material to CMS Energy. In August 2017, the federal district court approved the settlement. The following provides more detail on the remaining cases in which CMS Energy or its affiliates were named as parties: · In 2006, a class action complaint, Arandell Corp., et al. v. XCEL Energy Inc., et al., was filed in Wisconsin state court on behalf of Wisconsin commercial entities that purchased natural gas between January 2000 and October 2002. The defendants, including CMS Energy, CMS ERM, and Cantera Gas Company, are alleged to have violated Wisconsin’s antitrust statute. The plaintiffs are seeking full consideration damages, treble damages, costs, interest, and attorneys’ fees. · In 2009, a class action complaint, Newpage Wisconsin System v. CMS ERM, et al., was filed in circuit court in Wood County, Wisconsin, against CMS Energy, CMS ERM, Cantera Gas Company, and others. The plaintiff is seeking full consideration damages, treble damages, costs, interest, and attorneys’ fees. · In 2005, J.P. Morgan Trust Company, N.A., in its capacity as trustee of the FLI Liquidating Trust, filed an action in Kansas state court against CMS Energy, CMS MST, CMS Field Services, and others. The complaint alleges various claims under the Kansas Restraint of Trade Act. The plaintiff is seeking statutory full consideration damages for its purchases of natural gas in 2000 and 2001, costs, and attorneys’ fees. After removal to federal court, the cases described above were transferred to a single federal district court pursuant to the multidistrict litigation process. In 2010 and 2011, all claims against CMS Energy defendants were dismissed by the district court based on FERC preemption. In 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed the district court decision. The appellate court found that FERC preemption does not apply under the facts of these cases. The appellate court affirmed the district court’s denial of leave to amend to add federal antitrust claims. The matter was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 2015 upheld the Ninth Circuit’s decision. The cases were remanded back to the federal district court. In May 2016, the federal district court granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment in the individual lawsuit filed in Kansas based on a release in a prior settlement involving similar allegations. The order of summary judgment has been appealed. In March 2017, the federal district court denied plaintiffs’ motion for class certification in the two pending class action cases. The plaintiffs appealed that decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which has accepted the matter for hearing. In June 2017, an unaffiliated company that is also a defendant in these cases filed for bankruptcy, which could increase the risk of loss to CMS Energy. These cases involve complex facts, a large number of similarly situated defendants with different factual positions, and multiple jurisdictions. Presently, any estimate of liability would be highly speculative; the amount of CMS Energy’s reasonably possible loss would be based on widely varying models previously untested in this context. If the outcome after appeals is unfavorable, these cases could negatively affect CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Bay Harbor: CMS Land retained environmental remediation obligations for the collection and treatment of leachate, a liquid consisting of water and other substances, at Bay Harbor after selling its interests in the development in 2002. Leachate is produced when water enters into cement kiln dust piles left over from former cement plant operations at the site. In 2012, CMS Land and the MDEQ finalized an agreement that established the final remedies and the future water quality criteria at the site. CMS Land completed all construction necessary to implement the remedies required by the agreement and will continue to maintain and operate a system to discharge treated leachate into Little Traverse Bay under an NPDES permit issued in 2010 and renewed in October 2016. The renewed NPDES permit is valid through September 2020. Various claims have been brought against CMS Land or its affiliates, including CMS Energy, alleging environmental damage to property, loss of property value, insufficient disclosure of environmental matters, breach of agreement relating to access, or other matters. CMS Land and other parties have received a demand for payment from the EPA in the amount of $ 8 million, plus interest and costs . The EPA is seeking recovery under CERCLA of response costs allegedly incurred at Bay Harbor. These costs exceed what was agreed to in a 2005 order between CMS Land and the EPA, and CMS Land has communicated to the EPA that it does not believe that this is a valid claim. The EPA has filed a lawsuit to collect these costs. At December 31, 2017 , CMS Energy had a recorded liability of $ 48 million for its remaining obligations for environmental remediation. CMS Energy calculated this liability based on discounted projected costs, using a discount rate of 4.34 percent and an inflation rate of one percent on annual operating and maintenance costs. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $ 61 million. CMS Energy expects to pay the following amounts for long-term liquid disposal and operating and maintenance costs in each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy Long-term liquid disposal and operating and maintenance costs $ 5 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 CMS Energy’s estimate of response activity costs and the timing of expenditures could change if there are changes in circumstances or assumptions used in calculating the liability. Although a liability for its present estimate of remaining response activity costs has been recorded, CMS Energy cannot predict the ultimate financial impact or outcome of this matter. Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim: In 2002, CMS Energy sold its oil, gas, and methanol investments in Equatorial Guinea. The government of Equatorial Guinea claims that , in connection with the sale, CMS Energy owes $ 152 million in taxes, plus substantial penalties and interest that could be up to the amount of the taxes claimed. In 2015, the matter was proceeding to formal arbitration; however, since then, the government of Equatorial Guinea has stopped communicating . CMS Energy has concluded that the government’s tax claim is without merit and will continue to contest the claim, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. An unfavorable outcome could have a material adverse effect on CMS Energy’s liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations. Consumers Electric Utility Contingencies Electric Environmental Matters: Consumers’ operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations. Historically, Consumers has generally been able to recover, in customer rates, the costs to operate its facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations. Cleanup and Solid Waste: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under the NREPA. Consumers believes that these costs should be recoverable in rates, but cannot guarantee that outcome. Consumers estimates that its liability for NREPA sites for which it can estimate a range of loss will be between $ 3 million and $ 4 million. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $ 3 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable NREPA liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . Consumers is a potentially responsible party at a number of contaminated sites administered under CERCLA. CERCLA liability is joint and several. In 2010, Consumers received official notification from the EPA that identified Consumers as a potentially responsible party for cleanup of PCBs at the Kalamazoo River CERCLA site. The notification claimed that the EPA has reason to believe that Consumers disposed of PCBs and arranged for the disposal and treatment of PCB-containing materials at portions of the site. In 2011, Consumers received a follow ‑up letter from the EPA requesting that Consumers agree to participate in a removal action plan along with several other companies for an area of lower Portage Creek, which is connected to the Kalamazoo River. All parties, including Consumers, that were asked to participate in the removal action plan declined to accept liability. Until further information is received from the EPA, Consumers is unable to estimate a range of potential liability for cleanup of the river. Based on its experience, Consumers estimates that its share of the total liability for known CERCLA sites will be between $ 3 million and $ 8 million. Various factors, including the number and creditworthiness of potentially responsible parties involved with each site, affect Consumers’ share of the total liability. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $ 3 million for its share of the total liability at these sites, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable CERCLA liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . The timing of payments related to Consumers’ remediation and other response activities at its CERCLA and NREPA sites is uncertain. Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. A change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, different remediation techniques, the nature and extent of contamination, and legal and regulatory requirements, could affect its estimates of NREPA and CERCLA liability. Ludington PCB: In 1998, during routine maintenance activities, Consumers identified PCB as a component in certain paint, grout, and sealant materials at Ludington. Consumers removed part of the PCB material and replaced it with non ‑PCB material. Consumers has had several communications with the EPA regarding this matter, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome. MCV PPA: In December 2017, the MCV Partnership initiated arbitration against Consumers, asserting a breach of contract associated with the MCV PPA. Under this PPA, Consumers pays the MCV Partnership a fixed energy charge based on Consumers’ annual average baseload coal generating plant operating and maintenance cost, fuel inventory, and administrative and general expenses. The MCV Partnership asserts that Consumers should have installed pollution control equipment on coal-fueled electric generating units years before they were retired. The MCV Partnership also asserts that Consumers should have installed pollution control equipment earlier on its remaining coal-fueled electric generating units. The assertion claims that these changes would have increased Consumers’ costs to operate and maintain the facilities and, thereby, the fixed energy charge paid to the MCV Partnership. Additionally, the MCV Partnership claims that Consumers improperly characterized certain costs included in the calculation of the fixed energy charge. The claim estimates damages and interest in excess of $270 million, the majority of which is related to the claim on the installation of pollution control equipment. Consumers believes that the MCV Partnership’s claim is without merit, but cannot predict the financial impact or outcome of the matter. Consumers Gas Utility Contingencies Gas Environmental Matters: Consumers expects to incur remediation and other response activity costs at a number of sites under the NREPA. These sites include 23 former MGP facilities. Consumers operated the facilities on these sites for some part of their operating lives. For some of these sites, Consumers has no present ownership interest or may own only a portion of the original site. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of $88 million for its remaining obligations for these sites. This amount represents the present value of long-term projected costs, using a discount rate of 2.57 percent and an inflation rate of 2.5 percent. The undiscounted amount of the remaining obligation is $96 million. Consumers expects to pay the following amounts for remediation and other response activity costs in each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Consumers Remediation and other response activity costs $ 17 $ 18 $ 10 $ 18 $ 7 Consumers periodically reviews these cost estimates. Any significant change in the underlying assumptions, such as an increase in the number of sites, changes in remediation techniques, or legal and regulatory requirements, could affect Consumers’ estimates of annual response activity costs and the MGP liability. Pursuant to orders issued by the MPSC, Consumers defers its MGP-related remediation costs and recovers them from its customers over a ten -year period. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a regulatory asset of $142 million related to the MGP sites. Consumers estimates that its liability to perform remediation and other response activities at NREPA sites other than the MGP sites could reach $3 million. At December 31, 2017 , Consumers had a recorded liability of less than $1 million, the minimum amount in the range of its estimated probable liability , as no amount in the range was considered a better estimate than any other amount . Guarantees Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ guarantees at December 31, 2017 : In Millions Maximum Carrying Guarantee Description Issue Date Expiration Date Obligation Amount CMS Energy, including Consumers Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements 1 Various Indefinite $ 153 $ 7 Guarantees 2 Various Indefinite 45 - Consumers Guarantee 2 July 2011 Indefinite $ 30 $ - 1 These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities. 2 At Consumers, this obligation comprises a guarantee provided to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers. At CMS Energy, the guarantee obligations comprise Consumers’ guarantee to the U.S. Department of Energy and CMS Energy’s 1994 guarantee of non-recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee. For additional details on this guarantee, see Note 20, Variable Interest Entities. Additionally, in the normal course of business, CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy have entered into various agreements containing tax and other indemnity provisions for which they are unable to estimate the maximum potential obligation. The carrying value of these indemnity obligations is $1 million. CMS Energy and Consumers consider the likelihood that they would be required to perform or incur substantial losses related to these indemnities to be remote. Other Contingencies In addition to the matters disclosed in this Note and Note 3, Regulatory Matters, there are certain other lawsuits and administrative proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies arising in the ordinary course of business to which CMS Energy, Consumers, and certain other subsidiaries of CMS Energy are parties. These other lawsuits and proceedings may involve personal injury, property damage, contracts, environmental matters, federal and state taxes, rates, licensing, employment, and other matters. Further, CMS Energy and Consumers occasionally self-report certain regulatory non ‑compliance matters that may or may not eventually result in administrative proceedings. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that the outcome of any one of these proceedings will not have a material negative effect on their consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity. Contractual Commitments Purchase Obligations: Purchase obligations arise from long-term contracts for the purchase of commodities and related services, and construction and service agreements. The commodities and related services include long-term PPAs, natural gas and associated transportation, and coal and associated transportation. Related - party PPAs are between Consumers and certain affiliates of CMS Enterprises. Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ contractual purchase obligations at December 31, 2017 for each of the periods shown: In Millions Payments Due Total 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Beyond 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 2,026 891 541 186 61 56 291 Consumers PPAs MCV PPA $ 2,621 $ 350 $ 348 $ 346 $ 335 $ 339 $ 903 Palisades PPA 1,647 367 378 388 400 114 - Related-party PPAs 1,546 87 87 94 96 100 1,082 Other PPAs 3,345 238 235 236 232 242 2,162 Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 1,787 859 511 156 48 44 169 MCV PPA: Consumers has a 35 ‑year PPA that began in 1990 with the MCV Partnership to purchase 1,240 MW of electricity. The MCV PPA, as amended and restated, provides for: · a capacity charge of $ 10.14 per MWh of available capacity · a fixed energy charge based on Consumers’ annual average baseload coal generating plant operating and maintenance cost, fuel inventory, and administrative and general expenses · a variable energy charge based on the MCV Partnership’s cost of production when the plant is dispatched · a $ 5 million annual contribution by the MCV Partnership to a renewable resources program · an option for Consumers to extend the MCV PPA for five years or purchase the MCV Facility at the conclusion of the MCV PPA’s term in March 2025 Capacity and energy charges under the MCV PPA were $321 million in 201 7 , $ 305 million in 201 6 , and $ 282 million in 201 5 . Palisades PPA: Consumers has a PPA expiring in 2022 with Entergy to purchase virtually all of the capacity and energy produced by Palisades, up to the annual average capacity of 798 MW. For all delivered energy, the Palisades PPA has escalating capacity and variable energy charges. Total capacity and energy charges under the Palisades PPA were $366 million in 201 7 , $ 363 million in 201 6 , and $ 352 million in 201 5 . For further details about Palisades, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. Other PPAs: Consumers has PPAs expiring through 203 6 with various counterparties. The majority of the PPAs have capacity and energy charges for delivered energy. Capacity and energy charges under these PPAs were $349 million in 201 7 , $348 million in 201 6 , and $347 million in 201 5 . |
Financings And Capitalization
Financings And Capitalization | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Financings And Capitalization | 5: Financings and Capitalization Presented in the following table is CMS Energy’s long-term debt at December 31: In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 8.750 2019 $ 100 $ 300 6.250 2020 300 300 5.050 2022 300 300 3.875 2024 250 250 3.600 2025 250 250 3.000 2026 300 300 2.950 2027 275 275 3.450 2027 350 - 4.700 2043 250 250 4.875 2044 300 300 Total senior notes $ 2,675 $ 2,525 Term loan facility variable 1 2019 180 180 Term loan facility variable 2 2018 225 - EnerBank Certificates of deposit 1.76 3 2018 -2026 1,245 1,198 Consumers 5,940 5,661 Total principal amount outstanding $ 10,265 $ 9,564 Current amounts (1,081) (864) Net unamortized discounts (14) (15) Unamortized issuance costs (47) (45) Total long-term debt $ 9,123 $ 8,640 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.80 percent ( 2.37 percent at December 31, 2017 ). 2 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). 3 The weighted-average interest rate for EnerBank’s certificates of deposit was 1.76 percent at December 31, 2017 and 1.51 percent at December 31, 2016 . EnerBank’s primary deposit product consists of brokered certificates of deposit with varying maturities and having a face value of $ 1,000 . Presented in the following table is Consumers’ long-term debt at December 31: In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 Consumers First mortgage bonds 1 5.150 2017 $ - $ 250 3.210 2017 - 100 5.650 2018 250 250 6.125 2019 350 350 6.700 2019 500 500 5.650 2020 300 300 3.770 2020 100 100 5.300 2022 250 250 2.850 2022 375 375 3.375 2023 325 325 3.190 2024 52 52 3.125 2024 250 250 3.390 2027 35 35 3.180 2032 100 - 5.800 2035 175 175 3.520 2037 335 - 6.170 2040 50 50 4.970 2040 50 50 4.310 2042 263 263 3.950 2043 425 425 4.100 2045 250 250 3.250 2046 450 450 3.950 2047 350 - 3.860 2052 50 - 4.350 2064 250 250 Total first mortgage bonds $ 5,535 $ 5,050 Securitization bonds 2.913 2 2020-2029 3 302 328 Senior notes 6.875 2018 - 180 Tax-exempt pollution control revenue bonds various 2018-2035 103 103 Total principal amount outstanding $ 5,940 $ 5,661 Current amounts (343) (375) Net unamortized discounts (8) (8) Unamortized issuance costs (28) (25) Total long-term debt $ 5,561 $ 5,253 1 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ first mortgage bonds was 4.44 percent at December 31, 2017 and 4.57 percent at December 31, 2016 . 2 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ securitization bonds issued through its subsidiary Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding was 2.91 percent at December 31, 2017 and 2.79 percent at December 31, 2016 . 3 Principal and interest payments are made semiannually. Financings: Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt transactions during the year ended December 31, 20 17 : Principal Issue/Retirement (In Millions) Interest Rate Date Maturity Date Debt issuances CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes $ 350 3.450 % February 2017 August 2027 Term loan facility 1 225 variable December 2017 December 2018 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 575 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 350 3.950 % February 2017 July 2047 First mortgage bonds 40 3.180 September 2017 September 2032 First mortgage bonds 125 3.520 September 2017 September 2037 First mortgage bonds 20 3.860 September 2017 September 2052 First mortgage bonds 60 3.180 November 2017 November 2032 First mortgage bonds 210 3.520 November 2017 November 2037 First mortgage bonds 30 3.860 November 2017 November 2052 Total Consumers $ 835 Total CMS Energy $ 1,410 Debt retirements CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 2 $ 200 8.750 % December 2017 June 2019 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 200 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 250 5.150 % February 2017 February 2017 Senior notes 180 6.875 September 2017 March 2018 First mortgage bonds 100 3.210 October 2017 October 2017 Total Consumers $ 530 Total CMS Energy $ 730 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). CMS Energy used these proceeds to retire $200 million of the 8.75 percent senior notes due June 2019. 2 CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. First Mortgage Bonds: Consumers secures its first mortgage bonds by a mortgage and lien on substantially all of its property. Consumers’ ability to issue first mortgage bonds is restricted by certain provisions in the First Mortgage Bond Indenture and the need for regulatory approvals under federal law. Restrictive issuance provisions in the First Mortgage Bond Indenture include achieving a two-times interest coverage ratio and having sufficient unfunded net property additions. Term Loan: In April 2017 , CMS Energy reached an agreement to extend the maturity date of its $180 million term loan by one year, through April 201 9 . Regulatory Authorization for Financings: Consumers is required to maintain FERC authorization for financings. Its current authorization terminates on June 30, 2019. Any long-term issuances during the authorization period are exempt from FERC’s competitive bidding and negotiated placement requirements. Securitization Bonds: Certain regulatory assets held by Consumers’ subsidiary, Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding, collateralize Consumers’ securitization bonds. The bondholders have no recourse to Consumers’ assets except for those held by the subsidiary that issued the bonds. Consumers collects securitization surcharges to cover the principal and interest on the bonds as well as certain other qualified costs. The surcharges collected are remitted to a trustee and are not available to creditors of Consumers or creditors of Consumers’ affiliates other than the subsidiary that issued the bonds. Debt Maturities: At December 31, 20 17 , the aggregate annual contractual maturities for long-term debt for the next five years were: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Long-term debt $ 1,081 $ 1,428 $ 905 $ 178 $ 1,039 Consumers Long-term debt $ 343 $ 876 $ 426 $ 27 $ 653 Revolving Credit Facilities: The following secured revolving credit facilities with banks were available at December 31, 20 17 : In Millions Amount of Amount Letters of Credit Amount Expiration Date Facility Borrowed Outstanding Available CMS Energy, parent only May 27, 2022 1,2 $ 550 $ - $ 6 $ 544 Consumers 3 May 27, 2022 2 $ 650 $ - $ 7 $ 643 November 23, 2019 4 250 - 20 230 September 9, 2019 5 30 - 30 - 1 During the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s average borrowings totaled $21 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.02 percent. Obligations under this facility are secured by Consumers common stock. 2 In May 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from May 2021 to May 2022. 3 Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers. 4 In November 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from November 2018 to November 2019. 5 In June 2017, the expiration date of this letter of credit reimbursement agreement was extended from May 2018 to September 2019. Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days and that bear interest at fixed or floating rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilit ies and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities . At December 31, 20 17 , $170 million of commercial paper notes with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 1.69 percent w ere outstanding under this program and we re recorded as current notes payable on the consolidated balance sheets of CMS Energy and Consumers. Dividend Restrictions: At December 31, 20 17 , payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $ 4.4 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972 . Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at December 31, 20 17 , Consumers had $ 1.1 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that , under a variety of circumstances , dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process. For the year ended December 31, 20 17 , Consumers paid $522 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Capitalization: The authorized capital stock of CMS Energy consists of: · 350 million shares of CMS Energy Common Stock, par value $ 0.01 per share · 10 million shares of CMS Energy Preferred Stock, par value $ 0.01 per share Issuance of Common Stock: In March 2017 , CMS Energy entered into an updated continuous equity offering program permitting it to sell, from time to time in “at the market” offerings, common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $ 100 million. In 2017, CMS Energy issued 1,494,371 shares of common stock under this program at an average price of $ 47.31 , resulting in net proceeds of $70 million. Preferred Stock of Subsidiary: Presented in the following table are details about Consumers’ preferred stock outstanding , which is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol CMS ‑PB : Optional Number of Balance Redemption Shares Outstanding Series Price Outstanding (In Millions) December 31 2017 2016 Cumulative, $100 par value, authorized 7,500,000 shares, with no mandatory redemption $ 4.50 $ 110.00 373,148 $ 37 $ 37 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Financings And Capitalization | 5: Financings and Capitalization Presented in the following table is CMS Energy’s long-term debt at December 31: In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 8.750 2019 $ 100 $ 300 6.250 2020 300 300 5.050 2022 300 300 3.875 2024 250 250 3.600 2025 250 250 3.000 2026 300 300 2.950 2027 275 275 3.450 2027 350 - 4.700 2043 250 250 4.875 2044 300 300 Total senior notes $ 2,675 $ 2,525 Term loan facility variable 1 2019 180 180 Term loan facility variable 2 2018 225 - EnerBank Certificates of deposit 1.76 3 2018 -2026 1,245 1,198 Consumers 5,940 5,661 Total principal amount outstanding $ 10,265 $ 9,564 Current amounts (1,081) (864) Net unamortized discounts (14) (15) Unamortized issuance costs (47) (45) Total long-term debt $ 9,123 $ 8,640 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.80 percent ( 2.37 percent at December 31, 2017 ). 2 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). 3 The weighted-average interest rate for EnerBank’s certificates of deposit was 1.76 percent at December 31, 2017 and 1.51 percent at December 31, 2016 . EnerBank’s primary deposit product consists of brokered certificates of deposit with varying maturities and having a face value of $ 1,000 . Presented in the following table is Consumers’ long-term debt at December 31: In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 Consumers First mortgage bonds 1 5.150 2017 $ - $ 250 3.210 2017 - 100 5.650 2018 250 250 6.125 2019 350 350 6.700 2019 500 500 5.650 2020 300 300 3.770 2020 100 100 5.300 2022 250 250 2.850 2022 375 375 3.375 2023 325 325 3.190 2024 52 52 3.125 2024 250 250 3.390 2027 35 35 3.180 2032 100 - 5.800 2035 175 175 3.520 2037 335 - 6.170 2040 50 50 4.970 2040 50 50 4.310 2042 263 263 3.950 2043 425 425 4.100 2045 250 250 3.250 2046 450 450 3.950 2047 350 - 3.860 2052 50 - 4.350 2064 250 250 Total first mortgage bonds $ 5,535 $ 5,050 Securitization bonds 2.913 2 2020-2029 3 302 328 Senior notes 6.875 2018 - 180 Tax-exempt pollution control revenue bonds various 2018-2035 103 103 Total principal amount outstanding $ 5,940 $ 5,661 Current amounts (343) (375) Net unamortized discounts (8) (8) Unamortized issuance costs (28) (25) Total long-term debt $ 5,561 $ 5,253 1 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ first mortgage bonds was 4.44 percent at December 31, 2017 and 4.57 percent at December 31, 2016 . 2 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ securitization bonds issued through its subsidiary Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding was 2.91 percent at December 31, 2017 and 2.79 percent at December 31, 2016 . 3 Principal and interest payments are made semiannually. Financings: Presented in the following table is a summary of major long-term debt transactions during the year ended December 31, 20 17 : Principal Issue/Retirement (In Millions) Interest Rate Date Maturity Date Debt issuances CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes $ 350 3.450 % February 2017 August 2027 Term loan facility 1 225 variable December 2017 December 2018 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 575 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 350 3.950 % February 2017 July 2047 First mortgage bonds 40 3.180 September 2017 September 2032 First mortgage bonds 125 3.520 September 2017 September 2037 First mortgage bonds 20 3.860 September 2017 September 2052 First mortgage bonds 60 3.180 November 2017 November 2032 First mortgage bonds 210 3.520 November 2017 November 2037 First mortgage bonds 30 3.860 November 2017 November 2052 Total Consumers $ 835 Total CMS Energy $ 1,410 Debt retirements CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 2 $ 200 8.750 % December 2017 June 2019 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 200 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 250 5.150 % February 2017 February 2017 Senior notes 180 6.875 September 2017 March 2018 First mortgage bonds 100 3.210 October 2017 October 2017 Total Consumers $ 530 Total CMS Energy $ 730 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). CMS Energy used these proceeds to retire $200 million of the 8.75 percent senior notes due June 2019. 2 CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. First Mortgage Bonds: Consumers secures its first mortgage bonds by a mortgage and lien on substantially all of its property. Consumers’ ability to issue first mortgage bonds is restricted by certain provisions in the First Mortgage Bond Indenture and the need for regulatory approvals under federal law. Restrictive issuance provisions in the First Mortgage Bond Indenture include achieving a two-times interest coverage ratio and having sufficient unfunded net property additions. Term Loan: In April 2017 , CMS Energy reached an agreement to extend the maturity date of its $180 million term loan by one year, through April 201 9 . Regulatory Authorization for Financings: Consumers is required to maintain FERC authorization for financings. Its current authorization terminates on June 30, 2019. Any long-term issuances during the authorization period are exempt from FERC’s competitive bidding and negotiated placement requirements. Securitization Bonds: Certain regulatory assets held by Consumers’ subsidiary, Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding, collateralize Consumers’ securitization bonds. The bondholders have no recourse to Consumers’ assets except for those held by the subsidiary that issued the bonds. Consumers collects securitization surcharges to cover the principal and interest on the bonds as well as certain other qualified costs. The surcharges collected are remitted to a trustee and are not available to creditors of Consumers or creditors of Consumers’ affiliates other than the subsidiary that issued the bonds. Debt Maturities: At December 31, 20 17 , the aggregate annual contractual maturities for long-term debt for the next five years were: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Long-term debt $ 1,081 $ 1,428 $ 905 $ 178 $ 1,039 Consumers Long-term debt $ 343 $ 876 $ 426 $ 27 $ 653 Revolving Credit Facilities: The following secured revolving credit facilities with banks were available at December 31, 20 17 : In Millions Amount of Amount Letters of Credit Amount Expiration Date Facility Borrowed Outstanding Available CMS Energy, parent only May 27, 2022 1,2 $ 550 $ - $ 6 $ 544 Consumers 3 May 27, 2022 2 $ 650 $ - $ 7 $ 643 November 23, 2019 4 250 - 20 230 September 9, 2019 5 30 - 30 - 1 During the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s average borrowings totaled $21 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.02 percent. Obligations under this facility are secured by Consumers common stock. 2 In May 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from May 2021 to May 2022. 3 Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers. 4 In November 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from November 2018 to November 2019. 5 In June 2017, the expiration date of this letter of credit reimbursement agreement was extended from May 2018 to September 2019. Short-term Borrowings: Under Consumers’ commercial paper program, Consumers may issue, in one or more placements, commercial paper notes with maturities of up to 365 days and that bear interest at fixed or floating rates. These issuances are supported by Consumers’ revolving credit facilit ies and may have an aggregate principal amount outstanding of up to $500 million. While the amount of outstanding commercial paper does not reduce the available capacity of the revolving credit facilities, Consumers does not intend to issue commercial paper in an amount exceeding the available capacity of the facilities . At December 31, 20 17 , $170 million of commercial paper notes with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 1.69 percent w ere outstanding under this program and we re recorded as current notes payable on the consolidated balance sheets of CMS Energy and Consumers. Dividend Restrictions: At December 31, 20 17 , payment of dividends by CMS Energy on its common stock was limited to $ 4.4 billion under provisions of the Michigan Business Corporation Act of 1972 . Under the provisions of its articles of incorporation, at December 31, 20 17 , Consumers had $ 1.1 billion of unrestricted retained earnings available to pay dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Provisions of the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act appear to restrict dividends payable by Consumers to the amount of Consumers’ retained earnings. Several decisions from FERC suggest that , under a variety of circumstances , dividends from Consumers on its common stock would not be limited to amounts in Consumers’ retained earnings. Any decision by Consumers to pay dividends on its common stock in excess of retained earnings would be based on specific facts and circumstances and would be subject to a formal regulatory filing process. For the year ended December 31, 20 17 , Consumers paid $522 million in dividends on its common stock to CMS Energy. Capitalization: The authorized capital stock of CMS Energy consists of: · 350 million shares of CMS Energy Common Stock, par value $ 0.01 per share · 10 million shares of CMS Energy Preferred Stock, par value $ 0.01 per share Issuance of Common Stock: In March 2017 , CMS Energy entered into an updated continuous equity offering program permitting it to sell, from time to time in “at the market” offerings, common stock having an aggregate sales price of up to $ 100 million. In 2017, CMS Energy issued 1,494,371 shares of common stock under this program at an average price of $ 47.31 , resulting in net proceeds of $70 million. Preferred Stock of Subsidiary: Presented in the following table are details about Consumers’ preferred stock outstanding , which is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol CMS ‑PB : Optional Number of Balance Redemption Shares Outstanding Series Price Outstanding (In Millions) December 31 2017 2016 Cumulative, $100 par value, authorized 7,500,000 shares, with no mandatory redemption $ 4.50 $ 110.00 373,148 $ 37 $ 37 |
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Fair Value Measurements | 6: F air V alue M easurements Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: · Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. · Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. · Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities. CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis: In Millions CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 Assets 1 Cash equivalents $ 74 $ 44 $ - $ - Restricted cash equivalents 17 19 17 19 CMS Energy common stock - - 21 33 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets 14 12 10 8 DB SERP Cash equivalents 5 3 4 2 Debt securities 141 - 102 - Mutual funds - 141 - 102 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 1 1 1 Total $ 252 $ 220 $ 155 $ 165 Liabilities 1 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities $ 14 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 - - - Total $ 15 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 1 All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of commodity contracts, which were classified as Level 3. Cash Equivalents: Cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. Short-term debt instruments classified as cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets are not included since they are recorded at amortized cost. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset value s. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non ‑current assets and the liabilities in other non ‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets. DB SERP Assets: The DB SERP cash equivalents consist of a money market fund with daily liquidity. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund securities and used the proceeds to purchase U.S. Treasury debt securities. CMS Energy and Consumers value the U.S. Treasury debt securities at their daily quoted market prices. Prior to the sale, the DB SERP mutual funds held primarily fixed-income instruments of varying maturities. CMS Energy and Consumers report their DB SERP assets in other non ‑current assets on their consolidated balance sheets. For additional details about DB SERP securities, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy value s its exchange-traded derivative contracts based on Level 1 quoted prices. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ remaining derivatives are classified as Level 3. The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determine s the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no significant activity within the Level 3 category of financial assets and liabilities during the years presented. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Fair Value Measurements | 6: F air V alue M easurements Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. When measuring fair value, CMS Energy and Consumers are required to incorporate all assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk. A fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs used to measure fair value according to their observability in the market. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: · Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. · Level 2 inputs are observable, market-based inputs, other than Level 1 prices. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in inactive markets, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. · Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that reflect CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ own assumptions about how market participants would value their assets and liabilities. CMS Energy and Consumers classify fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis: In Millions CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 Assets 1 Cash equivalents $ 74 $ 44 $ - $ - Restricted cash equivalents 17 19 17 19 CMS Energy common stock - - 21 33 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets 14 12 10 8 DB SERP Cash equivalents 5 3 4 2 Debt securities 141 - 102 - Mutual funds - 141 - 102 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 1 1 1 Total $ 252 $ 220 $ 155 $ 165 Liabilities 1 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities $ 14 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 - - - Total $ 15 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 1 All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of commodity contracts, which were classified as Level 3. Cash Equivalents: Cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. Short-term debt instruments classified as cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets are not included since they are recorded at amortized cost. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Liabilities: The nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets consist of mutual funds, which are valued using the daily quoted net asset value s. CMS Energy and Consumers value their nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities based on the fair values of the plan assets, as they reflect the amount owed to the plan participants in accordance with their investment elections. CMS Energy and Consumers report the assets in other non ‑current assets and the liabilities in other non ‑current liabilities on their consolidated balance sheets. DB SERP Assets: The DB SERP cash equivalents consist of a money market fund with daily liquidity. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund securities and used the proceeds to purchase U.S. Treasury debt securities. CMS Energy and Consumers value the U.S. Treasury debt securities at their daily quoted market prices. Prior to the sale, the DB SERP mutual funds held primarily fixed-income instruments of varying maturities. CMS Energy and Consumers report their DB SERP assets in other non ‑current assets on their consolidated balance sheets. For additional details about DB SERP securities, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. Derivative Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers value their derivative instruments using either a market approach that incorporates information from market transactions, or an income approach that discounts future expected cash flows to a present value amount. CMS Energy value s its exchange-traded derivative contracts based on Level 1 quoted prices. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ remaining derivatives are classified as Level 3. The majority of derivatives classified as Level 3 are FTRs held by Consumers. Due to the lack of quoted pricing information, Consumers determine s the fair value of its FTRs based on Consumers’ average historical settlements. There was no significant activity within the Level 3 category of financial assets and liabilities during the years presented. |
Financial Instruments
Financial Instruments | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Financial Instruments | 7: Financial Instruments Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Fair Value Fair Value Carrying Level Carrying Level Amount Total 1 2 3 Amount Total 1 2 3 CMS Energy, including Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 2 1,371 1,464 - - 1,464 1,326 1,415 - - 1,415 Securities held to maturity 16 16 - 16 - 13 13 - 13 - Liabilities Long-term debt 3 10,204 10,715 - 9,363 1,352 9,504 9,953 - 8,990 963 Long-term payables 4 27 26 - - 26 17 17 - - 17 Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 5 17 17 - - 17 45 45 - - 45 Liabilities Long-term debt 6 5,904 6,236 - 4,883 1,353 5,628 5,903 - 4,940 963 1 Includes current accounts receivable of $14 million at December 31, 2017 and $12 million at December 31, 2016 . 2 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $ 200 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 219 million at December 31, 20 16 . 3 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 1.1 b illion at December 31, 20 17 and $ 864 million at December 31, 20 16 . 4 Includes current portion of long-term payables of $ 3 million at December 31, 20 17 and $1 million at December 31, 20 16 . 5 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $17 million at December 31, 2017 and $29 million at December 31, 2016 . 6 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 343 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 375 million at December 31, 20 16 . At CMS Energy, notes receivable consist ed primarily of EnerBank’s fixed-rate installment loans. EnerBank estimate d the fair value of these loans using a discounted cash flows technique that incorporates market interest rates as well as assumptions about the remaining life of the loans and credit risk. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate d the fair value of their long-term debt using quoted prices from market trades of the debt, if available. In the absence of quoted prices, CMS Energy and Consumers calculate d market yields and prices for the debt using a matrix method incorporat ing market data for similarly rated debt. Depending on the information available, other valuation techniques and models may be used that rely on assumptions that cannot be observed or confirmed through market transactions. The effects of third-party credit enhancements were excluded from the fair value measurements of long-term debt. At December 31, 20 17 and 2016 , CMS Energy’s long-term debt included $ 103 million principal amount that was supported by third-party credit enhancements. This entire principal amount was at Consumers. Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investment securities classified as available for sale or held to maturity: In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unrealized Unrealized Fair Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value Cost Gains Losses Value CMS Energy, including Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 141 $ - - $ 141 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 141 - - 141 Held to maturity Debt securities 16 - - 16 13 - - 13 Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 102 $ - $ - $ 102 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 102 - - 102 CMS Energy common stock 2 19 - 21 4 29 - 33 The DB SERP debt securities classified as available for sale at December 31, 2017 were U.S. Treasury debt securities with maturities ranging from one to ten years . The DB SERP mutual funds classified as available for sale at December 31, 20 16 held primarily fixed-income instruments of varying maturities. Debt securities classified as held to maturity consist ed primarily of mortgage-backed securities and Utah Housing Corporation bonds held by EnerBank. Presented in the following table is a summary of the sales activity for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investment securities: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 145 $ 6 $ 3 Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 105 $ 4 $ 2 The sales proceeds for all periods represent sales of investments that were held within the DB SERP and classified as available for sale. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund securities and used the proceeds to purchase U.S. Treasury debt securities. CMS Energy reclassified gains of $2 million ( $1 million, net of tax) from AOCI and included this amount in other income on the consolidated statements of income. This amount include d Consumers’ gains of $2 million ( $1 million, net of tax). During 2016 and 2015, realized gains and losses on the sales were i mmaterial for CMS Energy and Consumers. Consumers recognized a gain of $14 million in 2017 and $9 million in 2015 from transferring shares of CMS Energy common stock to its related charitable foundation. The gains reflected the excess of fair value over cost of the stock donated and were recorded in other income on Consumers’ consolidated statements of income. The gains were eliminated on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. Consumers did not transfer shares in 2016. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Financial Instruments | 7: Financial Instruments Presented in the following table are the carrying amounts and fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. The table excludes cash, cash equivalents, short-term financial instruments, and trade accounts receivable and payable whose carrying amounts approximate their fair values. For information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Fair Value Fair Value Carrying Level Carrying Level Amount Total 1 2 3 Amount Total 1 2 3 CMS Energy, including Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 2 1,371 1,464 - - 1,464 1,326 1,415 - - 1,415 Securities held to maturity 16 16 - 16 - 13 13 - 13 - Liabilities Long-term debt 3 10,204 10,715 - 9,363 1,352 9,504 9,953 - 8,990 963 Long-term payables 4 27 26 - - 26 17 17 - - 17 Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 5 17 17 - - 17 45 45 - - 45 Liabilities Long-term debt 6 5,904 6,236 - 4,883 1,353 5,628 5,903 - 4,940 963 1 Includes current accounts receivable of $14 million at December 31, 2017 and $12 million at December 31, 2016 . 2 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $ 200 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 219 million at December 31, 20 16 . 3 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 1.1 b illion at December 31, 20 17 and $ 864 million at December 31, 20 16 . 4 Includes current portion of long-term payables of $ 3 million at December 31, 20 17 and $1 million at December 31, 20 16 . 5 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $17 million at December 31, 2017 and $29 million at December 31, 2016 . 6 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 343 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 375 million at December 31, 20 16 . At CMS Energy, notes receivable consist ed primarily of EnerBank’s fixed-rate installment loans. EnerBank estimate d the fair value of these loans using a discounted cash flows technique that incorporates market interest rates as well as assumptions about the remaining life of the loans and credit risk. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate d the fair value of their long-term debt using quoted prices from market trades of the debt, if available. In the absence of quoted prices, CMS Energy and Consumers calculate d market yields and prices for the debt using a matrix method incorporat ing market data for similarly rated debt. Depending on the information available, other valuation techniques and models may be used that rely on assumptions that cannot be observed or confirmed through market transactions. The effects of third-party credit enhancements were excluded from the fair value measurements of long-term debt. At December 31, 20 17 and 2016 , CMS Energy’s long-term debt included $ 103 million principal amount that was supported by third-party credit enhancements. This entire principal amount was at Consumers. Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investment securities classified as available for sale or held to maturity: In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unrealized Unrealized Fair Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value Cost Gains Losses Value CMS Energy, including Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 141 $ - - $ 141 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 141 - - 141 Held to maturity Debt securities 16 - - 16 13 - - 13 Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 102 $ - $ - $ 102 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 102 - - 102 CMS Energy common stock 2 19 - 21 4 29 - 33 The DB SERP debt securities classified as available for sale at December 31, 2017 were U.S. Treasury debt securities with maturities ranging from one to ten years . The DB SERP mutual funds classified as available for sale at December 31, 20 16 held primarily fixed-income instruments of varying maturities. Debt securities classified as held to maturity consist ed primarily of mortgage-backed securities and Utah Housing Corporation bonds held by EnerBank. Presented in the following table is a summary of the sales activity for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ investment securities: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 145 $ 6 $ 3 Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 105 $ 4 $ 2 The sales proceeds for all periods represent sales of investments that were held within the DB SERP and classified as available for sale. During 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers sold the mutual fund securities and used the proceeds to purchase U.S. Treasury debt securities. CMS Energy reclassified gains of $2 million ( $1 million, net of tax) from AOCI and included this amount in other income on the consolidated statements of income. This amount include d Consumers’ gains of $2 million ( $1 million, net of tax). During 2016 and 2015, realized gains and losses on the sales were i mmaterial for CMS Energy and Consumers. Consumers recognized a gain of $14 million in 2017 and $9 million in 2015 from transferring shares of CMS Energy common stock to its related charitable foundation. The gains reflected the excess of fair value over cost of the stock donated and were recorded in other income on Consumers’ consolidated statements of income. The gains were eliminated on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. Consumers did not transfer shares in 2016. |
Notes Receivable
Notes Receivable | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Notes Receivable | 8: N otes R eceivable Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ current and non ‑current notes receivable: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current EnerBank notes receivable, net of allowance for loan losses $ 178 $ 151 EnerBank notes receivable held for sale 2 39 Michigan tax settlement 20 29 Non-current EnerBank notes receivable 1,171 1,088 Michigan tax settlement - 19 Total notes receivable $ 1,371 $ 1,326 Consumers Current Michigan tax settlement $ 17 $ 29 Non-current Michigan tax settlement - 16 Total notes receivable $ 17 $ 45 EnerBank notes receivable are unsecured consumer installment loans for financing home improvements. EnerBank records its notes receivable at cost, less an a llowance for loan losses. During 2017, EnerBank completed sales of notes receivable, receiving proceeds of $52 million and recording immaterial gains. Unearned income associated with loan fees was $84 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Unearned income associated with loan fees for notes receivable held for sale was $8 million at December 31, 2016 . The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance to reflect estimated credit losses. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by loan charge-offs net of recoveries. Management estimates the allowance balance required by taking into consideration historical loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, economic conditions, and other factors. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the loss is confirmed, but no later than the point at which a loan becomes 120 days past due. Presented in the following table are the changes in the allowance for loan losses: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Balance at beginning of period $ 16 $ 9 Charge-offs (19) (14) Recoveries 3 2 Provision for loan losses 20 19 Balance at end of period $ 20 $ 16 Loans that are 30 days or more past due are considered delinquent. The balance of EnerBank’s delinquent consumer loans was $ 14 million at December 31, 2017 and $ 11 million at December 31, 2016 . At December 31, 2017 and 2016 , $ 1 million of EnerBank’s loans had been modified as troubled debt restructurings. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Notes Receivable | 8: N otes R eceivable Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ current and non ‑current notes receivable: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current EnerBank notes receivable, net of allowance for loan losses $ 178 $ 151 EnerBank notes receivable held for sale 2 39 Michigan tax settlement 20 29 Non-current EnerBank notes receivable 1,171 1,088 Michigan tax settlement - 19 Total notes receivable $ 1,371 $ 1,326 Consumers Current Michigan tax settlement $ 17 $ 29 Non-current Michigan tax settlement - 16 Total notes receivable $ 17 $ 45 EnerBank notes receivable are unsecured consumer installment loans for financing home improvements. EnerBank records its notes receivable at cost, less an a llowance for loan losses. During 2017, EnerBank completed sales of notes receivable, receiving proceeds of $52 million and recording immaterial gains. Unearned income associated with loan fees was $84 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Unearned income associated with loan fees for notes receivable held for sale was $8 million at December 31, 2016 . The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance to reflect estimated credit losses. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by loan charge-offs net of recoveries. Management estimates the allowance balance required by taking into consideration historical loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, economic conditions, and other factors. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the loss is confirmed, but no later than the point at which a loan becomes 120 days past due. Presented in the following table are the changes in the allowance for loan losses: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Balance at beginning of period $ 16 $ 9 Charge-offs (19) (14) Recoveries 3 2 Provision for loan losses 20 19 Balance at end of period $ 20 $ 16 Loans that are 30 days or more past due are considered delinquent. The balance of EnerBank’s delinquent consumer loans was $ 14 million at December 31, 2017 and $ 11 million at December 31, 2016 . At December 31, 2017 and 2016 , $ 1 million of EnerBank’s loans had been modified as troubled debt restructurings. |
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, Property, and Equipment | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Plant, Property, and Equipment | 9: P lant , P roperty , and E quipment Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ plant, property, and equipment: In Millions December 31 Estimated Depreciable Life in Years 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Consumers 3 - 125 $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Enterprises Independent power production 3 - 35 163 141 Other 3 - 5 4 16 Other 1 - 7 21 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,506 $ 21,010 Construction work in progress 765 761 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,510) (6,056) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,761 $ 15,715 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric Generation 22 - 125 $ 6,025 $ 5,900 Distribution 20 - 75 7,603 7,149 Transmission 46 - 75 66 59 Other 5 - 50 1,229 1,137 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation 2 298 295 Gas Distribution 20 - 85 4,182 3,806 Transmission 17 - 75 1,278 1,124 Underground storage facilities 3 27 - 75 842 630 Other 5 - 50 764 708 Capital leases 2 14 15 Other non-utility property 3 - 51 17 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Construction work in progress 753 759 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,441) (5,994) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,630 $ 15,603 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Consumers’ plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016 , Consumers’ plant additions were $ 2.3 billion and plant retirements were $ 285 million. 2 For information regarding the amortization terms of Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. 3 Underground storage includes base natural gas of $26 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Base natural gas is not subject to depreciation. Capitalization : CMS Energy and Consumers record plant, property, and equipment at original cost when placed into service. The cost includes labor, material, applicable taxes, overhead such as pension and other benefits, and AFUDC, if applicable. Consumers’ plant, property, and equipment is generally recoverable through its general rate making process. With the exception of utility property for which the remaining book value has been securitized, mothballed utility property stays in rate base and continues to be depreciated at the same rate as before the mothball period. When utility property is retired or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, Consumers records the original cost to accumulated depreciation, along with associated cost of removal, net of salvage. CMS Energy and Consumers recognize gains or losses on the retirement or disposal of non ‑regulated assets in income. Consumers records cost of removal collected from customers, but not spent, as a regulatory liability. Software : CMS Energy and Consumers capitalize the costs to purchase and develop internal-use computer software. These costs are expensed evenly over the estimated useful life of the internal-use computer software. If computer software is integral to computer hardware, then its cost is capitalized and depreciated with the hardware. AFUDC : Consumers capitalizes AFUDC on regulated major construction projects, except pollution control facilities on its fossil-fuel-fired power plants. AFUDC represents the estimated cost of debt and authorized return-on-equity funds used to finance construction additions. Consumers records the offsetting credit as a reduction of interest for the amount representing the borrowed funds component and as other income for the equity funds component on the consolidated statements of income. When construction is completed and the property is placed in service, Consumers depreciates and recovers the capitalized AFUDC from customers over the life of the related asset . Presented in the fol lowing table are Consumers’ average AFUDC capitalization rates: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric 6.8 % 7.3 % 7.6 % Gas 6.0 % 6.2 % 6.2 % Assets Under Capital Leases and Financing Obligation : Presented in the following table are further details about changes in Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 310 $ 300 Additions 3 13 Net retirements and other adjustments (1) (3) Balance at end of period $ 312 $ 310 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation are presented as gross amounts. Accumulated amortization of assets under capital leases and financing obligation was $193 million at December 31, 2017 and $ 172 million at December 31, 2016 for Consumers. Depreciation and Amortization : Presented in the following table are further details about CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ accumulated depreciation and amortization: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 71 63 Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 2 1 Consumers depreciates utility property on an asset-group basis, in which it applies a single MPSC-approved depreciation rate to the gross investment in a particular class of property within the electric and gas segments. Consumers performs depreciation studies periodically to determine appropriate group lives. Presented in the following table are the composite depreciation rates for Consumers’ segment properties: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric utility property 3.9 % 3.9 % 3.5 % Gas utility property 2.9 2.9 2.8 Other property 10.0 9.8 8.7 CMS Energy and Consumers record property repairs and minor property replacement as maintenance expense. CMS Energy and Consumers record planned major maintenance activities as operating expense unless the cost represents the acquisition of additional long-lived assets or the replacement of an existing long-lived asset. Pre sented in the following table are the components of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ depreciation and amortization expe nse : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 739 $ 687 $ 591 Amortization expense Software 114 96 70 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 732 $ 680 $ 586 Amortization expense Software 112 95 69 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 Presented in the following table is CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ estimated amortization expense on intangible assets for each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Intangible asset amortization expense $ 131 $ 139 $ 135 $ 124 $ 109 Consumers Intangible assets amortization expense $ 129 $ 137 $ 133 $ 123 $ 108 Intangible Assets: Included in net plant, property, and equipment are intangible assets. Presented in the following table are details about CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ intangible assets: In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Description Amortization Life in Years Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization CMS Energy, including Consumers Software development 1 - 15 $ 950 $ 481 $ 853 $ 367 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 23 15 22 15 Total $ 1,158 $ 561 $ 1,052 $ 444 Consumers Software development 3 - 15 $ 937 $ 475 $ 845 $ 363 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 21 15 21 15 Total $ 1,143 $ 555 $ 1,043 $ 440 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $100 million and there were no retirements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $ 141 million and intangible asset retirements were $23 million. 2 Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, which may change whenever the lease is renewed or extended. Jointly Owned Regulated Utility Facilities Presented in the following table are Consumers’ investments in jointly owned regulated utility facilities at December 31, 2017 : In Millions, Except Ownership Share J.H. Campbell Unit 3 Ludington Other Ownership share 93.3 % 51.0 % various Utility plant in service $ 1,655 $ 354 $ 217 Accumulated depreciation (592) (151) (69) Construction work in progress 30 142 6 Net investment $ 1,093 $ 345 $ 154 Consumers includes its share of the direct expenses of the jointly owned plants in operating expenses. Consumers shares operation, maintenance, and other expenses of these jointly owned utility facilities in proportion to each participant’s undivided ownership interest. Consumers is required to provide only its share of financing for the jointly owned utility facilities. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Plant, Property, and Equipment | 9: P lant , P roperty , and E quipment Presented in the following table are details of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ plant, property, and equipment: In Millions December 31 Estimated Depreciable Life in Years 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Consumers 3 - 125 $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Enterprises Independent power production 3 - 35 163 141 Other 3 - 5 4 16 Other 1 - 7 21 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,506 $ 21,010 Construction work in progress 765 761 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,510) (6,056) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,761 $ 15,715 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric Generation 22 - 125 $ 6,025 $ 5,900 Distribution 20 - 75 7,603 7,149 Transmission 46 - 75 66 59 Other 5 - 50 1,229 1,137 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation 2 298 295 Gas Distribution 20 - 85 4,182 3,806 Transmission 17 - 75 1,278 1,124 Underground storage facilities 3 27 - 75 842 630 Other 5 - 50 764 708 Capital leases 2 14 15 Other non-utility property 3 - 51 17 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Construction work in progress 753 759 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,441) (5,994) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,630 $ 15,603 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Consumers’ plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016 , Consumers’ plant additions were $ 2.3 billion and plant retirements were $ 285 million. 2 For information regarding the amortization terms of Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. 3 Underground storage includes base natural gas of $26 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Base natural gas is not subject to depreciation. Capitalization : CMS Energy and Consumers record plant, property, and equipment at original cost when placed into service. The cost includes labor, material, applicable taxes, overhead such as pension and other benefits, and AFUDC, if applicable. Consumers’ plant, property, and equipment is generally recoverable through its general rate making process. With the exception of utility property for which the remaining book value has been securitized, mothballed utility property stays in rate base and continues to be depreciated at the same rate as before the mothball period. When utility property is retired or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, Consumers records the original cost to accumulated depreciation, along with associated cost of removal, net of salvage. CMS Energy and Consumers recognize gains or losses on the retirement or disposal of non ‑regulated assets in income. Consumers records cost of removal collected from customers, but not spent, as a regulatory liability. Software : CMS Energy and Consumers capitalize the costs to purchase and develop internal-use computer software. These costs are expensed evenly over the estimated useful life of the internal-use computer software. If computer software is integral to computer hardware, then its cost is capitalized and depreciated with the hardware. AFUDC : Consumers capitalizes AFUDC on regulated major construction projects, except pollution control facilities on its fossil-fuel-fired power plants. AFUDC represents the estimated cost of debt and authorized return-on-equity funds used to finance construction additions. Consumers records the offsetting credit as a reduction of interest for the amount representing the borrowed funds component and as other income for the equity funds component on the consolidated statements of income. When construction is completed and the property is placed in service, Consumers depreciates and recovers the capitalized AFUDC from customers over the life of the related asset . Presented in the fol lowing table are Consumers’ average AFUDC capitalization rates: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric 6.8 % 7.3 % 7.6 % Gas 6.0 % 6.2 % 6.2 % Assets Under Capital Leases and Financing Obligation : Presented in the following table are further details about changes in Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 310 $ 300 Additions 3 13 Net retirements and other adjustments (1) (3) Balance at end of period $ 312 $ 310 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation are presented as gross amounts. Accumulated amortization of assets under capital leases and financing obligation was $193 million at December 31, 2017 and $ 172 million at December 31, 2016 for Consumers. Depreciation and Amortization : Presented in the following table are further details about CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ accumulated depreciation and amortization: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 71 63 Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 2 1 Consumers depreciates utility property on an asset-group basis, in which it applies a single MPSC-approved depreciation rate to the gross investment in a particular class of property within the electric and gas segments. Consumers performs depreciation studies periodically to determine appropriate group lives. Presented in the following table are the composite depreciation rates for Consumers’ segment properties: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric utility property 3.9 % 3.9 % 3.5 % Gas utility property 2.9 2.9 2.8 Other property 10.0 9.8 8.7 CMS Energy and Consumers record property repairs and minor property replacement as maintenance expense. CMS Energy and Consumers record planned major maintenance activities as operating expense unless the cost represents the acquisition of additional long-lived assets or the replacement of an existing long-lived asset. Pre sented in the following table are the components of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ depreciation and amortization expe nse : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 739 $ 687 $ 591 Amortization expense Software 114 96 70 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 732 $ 680 $ 586 Amortization expense Software 112 95 69 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 Presented in the following table is CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ estimated amortization expense on intangible assets for each of the next five years: In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Intangible asset amortization expense $ 131 $ 139 $ 135 $ 124 $ 109 Consumers Intangible assets amortization expense $ 129 $ 137 $ 133 $ 123 $ 108 Intangible Assets: Included in net plant, property, and equipment are intangible assets. Presented in the following table are details about CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ intangible assets: In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Description Amortization Life in Years Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization CMS Energy, including Consumers Software development 1 - 15 $ 950 $ 481 $ 853 $ 367 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 23 15 22 15 Total $ 1,158 $ 561 $ 1,052 $ 444 Consumers Software development 3 - 15 $ 937 $ 475 $ 845 $ 363 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 21 15 21 15 Total $ 1,143 $ 555 $ 1,043 $ 440 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $100 million and there were no retirements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $ 141 million and intangible asset retirements were $23 million. 2 Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, which may change whenever the lease is renewed or extended. Jointly Owned Regulated Utility Facilities Presented in the following table are Consumers’ investments in jointly owned regulated utility facilities at December 31, 2017 : In Millions, Except Ownership Share J.H. Campbell Unit 3 Ludington Other Ownership share 93.3 % 51.0 % various Utility plant in service $ 1,655 $ 354 $ 217 Accumulated depreciation (592) (151) (69) Construction work in progress 30 142 6 Net investment $ 1,093 $ 345 $ 154 Consumers includes its share of the direct expenses of the jointly owned plants in operating expenses. Consumers shares operation, maintenance, and other expenses of these jointly owned utility facilities in proportion to each participant’s undivided ownership interest. Consumers is required to provide only its share of financing for the jointly owned utility facilities. |
Leases And Palisades Financing
Leases And Palisades Financing | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Leases And Palisades Financing | 10: Leases and Palisades Financing CMS Energy and Consumers lease various assets, including railcars, service vehicles, gas pipeline capacity, and buildings. In addition, CMS Energy and Consumers account for a number of their PPAs as capital and operating leases. Operating leases for coal-carrying railcars have original lease terms ranging from two to 15 years, expiring without extension provisions over the next six years and with extension provisions over the next nine years. These leases contain fair market value extension and buyout provisions. Capital leases for Consumers’ vehicle fleet operations have a maximum term of 120 months with some having end-of-lease rental adjustment clauses based on the proceeds received from the sale or disposition of the ve hicles, and others having fair market value purchase options. Consumers has capital leases for gas transportation pipelines to the D.E. Karn generating complex and Zeeland. The capital lease for the gas transportation pipeline into the D.E. Karn generating complex has a term of 15 years with a provision to extend the contract from month to month. The remaining term of the contract was four years at December 31, 2017 . The capital lease for the gas transportation pipeline to Zeeland was extended in 2017 for five years pursuant to a renewal provision in the contract, with additional renewal provisions of five to ten years . The remaining terms of Consumers’ long-term PPAs accounted for as leases range between one and 15 years. Most of these PPAs contain provisions at the end of the initial contract terms to renew the agreements annually. Presented in the following table are Consumers’ minimum lease expense and contingent rental expense. For each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 , all of CMS Energy’s minimum lease expense and contingent rental expense were attributable to Consumers. In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Consumers Minimum operating lease expense PPAs $ 5 $ 6 $ 6 Other agreements 15 14 19 Contingent rental expense 1 96 82 82 1 Contingent rental expense is related to capital and operating lease PPAs and is based on delivery of energy and capacity in excess of minimum lease payments. Consumers is authorized by the MPSC to record operating lease payments as operating expense and recover the total cost from customers. Presented in the following table are the minimum annual rental commitments under Consumers’ non ‑cancelable leases at December 31, 2017 . All of CMS Energy’s non ‑cancelable leases at December 31, 2017 were attributable to Consumers. In Millions Capital Leases Palisades Financing Operating Leases Consumers 2018 $ 15 $ 16 $ 15 2019 15 15 9 2020 12 14 9 2021 12 14 9 2022 8 3 4 2023 and thereafter 21 - 7 Total minimum lease payments $ 83 $ 62 $ 53 Less imputed interest 25 7 Present value of net minimum lease payments $ 58 $ 55 Less current portion 9 13 Non-current portion $ 49 $ 42 Palisades Financing In 2007, Consumers sold Palisades to Entergy and entered into a 15 ‑ year PPA to purchase virtually all of the capacity and energy produced by Palisades, up to the annual average capacity of 798 MW. Consumers accounted for this transaction as a financing because of its continuing involvement with Palisades through security provided to Entergy for the PPA obligation and other arrangements. Palisades has therefore remained on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets and Consumers has continued to depreciate it. At the time of the sale, Consumers recorded the sales proceeds as a financing obligation, and has subsequently recorded a portion of the payments under the PPA as interest expense and as a reduction of the financing obligation. Total amortization and interest charges under the financing were $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $18 million for the year ended D ecember 31, 2015. At December 31, 2017 , the Palisades asset and financing obligation both had a balance of $55 million . In December 2016, Consumers agreed to pay Entergy $172 million to terminate the ir PPA in May 2018 , contingent upon the MPSC’s approval. In September 2017, the MPSC issued a n order authorizing Consumers to recover only $137 million of the $172 million termination payment. As a result, Consumers and Entergy agreed not to terminate the PPA, which is now expected to continue until April 2022 under its original terms. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Leases And Palisades Financing | 10: Leases and Palisades Financing CMS Energy and Consumers lease various assets, including railcars, service vehicles, gas pipeline capacity, and buildings. In addition, CMS Energy and Consumers account for a number of their PPAs as capital and operating leases. Operating leases for coal-carrying railcars have original lease terms ranging from two to 15 years, expiring without extension provisions over the next six years and with extension provisions over the next nine years. These leases contain fair market value extension and buyout provisions. Capital leases for Consumers’ vehicle fleet operations have a maximum term of 120 months with some having end-of-lease rental adjustment clauses based on the proceeds received from the sale or disposition of the ve hicles, and others having fair market value purchase options. Consumers has capital leases for gas transportation pipelines to the D.E. Karn generating complex and Zeeland. The capital lease for the gas transportation pipeline into the D.E. Karn generating complex has a term of 15 years with a provision to extend the contract from month to month. The remaining term of the contract was four years at December 31, 2017 . The capital lease for the gas transportation pipeline to Zeeland was extended in 2017 for five years pursuant to a renewal provision in the contract, with additional renewal provisions of five to ten years . The remaining terms of Consumers’ long-term PPAs accounted for as leases range between one and 15 years. Most of these PPAs contain provisions at the end of the initial contract terms to renew the agreements annually. Presented in the following table are Consumers’ minimum lease expense and contingent rental expense. For each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 , all of CMS Energy’s minimum lease expense and contingent rental expense were attributable to Consumers. In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Consumers Minimum operating lease expense PPAs $ 5 $ 6 $ 6 Other agreements 15 14 19 Contingent rental expense 1 96 82 82 1 Contingent rental expense is related to capital and operating lease PPAs and is based on delivery of energy and capacity in excess of minimum lease payments. Consumers is authorized by the MPSC to record operating lease payments as operating expense and recover the total cost from customers. Presented in the following table are the minimum annual rental commitments under Consumers’ non ‑cancelable leases at December 31, 2017 . All of CMS Energy’s non ‑cancelable leases at December 31, 2017 were attributable to Consumers. In Millions Capital Leases Palisades Financing Operating Leases Consumers 2018 $ 15 $ 16 $ 15 2019 15 15 9 2020 12 14 9 2021 12 14 9 2022 8 3 4 2023 and thereafter 21 - 7 Total minimum lease payments $ 83 $ 62 $ 53 Less imputed interest 25 7 Present value of net minimum lease payments $ 58 $ 55 Less current portion 9 13 Non-current portion $ 49 $ 42 Palisades Financing In 2007, Consumers sold Palisades to Entergy and entered into a 15 ‑ year PPA to purchase virtually all of the capacity and energy produced by Palisades, up to the annual average capacity of 798 MW. Consumers accounted for this transaction as a financing because of its continuing involvement with Palisades through security provided to Entergy for the PPA obligation and other arrangements. Palisades has therefore remained on Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets and Consumers has continued to depreciate it. At the time of the sale, Consumers recorded the sales proceeds as a financing obligation, and has subsequently recorded a portion of the payments under the PPA as interest expense and as a reduction of the financing obligation. Total amortization and interest charges under the financing were $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $18 million for the year ended D ecember 31, 2015. At December 31, 2017 , the Palisades asset and financing obligation both had a balance of $55 million . In December 2016, Consumers agreed to pay Entergy $172 million to terminate the ir PPA in May 2018 , contingent upon the MPSC’s approval. In September 2017, the MPSC issued a n order authorizing Consumers to recover only $137 million of the $172 million termination payment. As a result, Consumers and Entergy agreed not to terminate the PPA, which is now expected to continue until April 2022 under its original terms. |
Asset Retirement Obligations
Asset Retirement Obligations | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Asset Retirement Obligations | 11: A sset R etirement O bligations CMS Energy and Consumers record the fair value of the cost to remove assets at the end of their useful lives, if there is a l egal obligation to remove them. If a reasonable estimate of fair value cannot be made in the period in which the ARO is incurred, such as for assets with indeterminate lives, the liability is recognized when a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. CMS Energy and Consumers have not recorded liabilities for assets that have i mmaterial cumulative disposal costs, such as substation batteries. CMS Energy and Consumers calculate the fair value of ARO liabilities using an expected present-value technique that reflects assumptions about costs and inflation, and uses a credit-adjusted risk-free rate to discount the expected cash flows. CMS Energy’s ARO liabilities are primarily at Consumers. As a regulated entity, Consumers defers the effects of any changes in assumptions on the fair values of its ARO liabilities, adjusting the associated regulatory assets or liabilities rather than recognizing such effects in earnings. Presented below are the categories of assets that CMS Energy and Consumers have legal obligations to remove at the end of their useful lives and for which they have an ARO liability recorded: Company and ARO Description In-Service Date Long-Lived Assets CMS Energy, including Consumers Closure of gas treating plant and gas wells Various Gas transmission and storage Closure of coal ash disposal areas Various Generating plants coal ash areas Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap Various Gas distribution mains and services Asbestos abatement 1973 Electric and gas utility plant Closure of renewable generation assets Various Wind and solar generation facilities Consumers Closure of coal ash disposal areas Various Generating plants coal ash areas Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap Various Gas distribution mains and services Asbestos abatement 1973 Electric and gas utility plant Closure of renewable generation assets Various Wind and solar generation facilities No assets have been restricted for purposes of settling AROs. Presented in the following tables are the changes in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ ARO liabilities: In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2016 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 447 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 430 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 201 $ - $ (18) $ 8 $ - $ 191 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 182 3 (11) 12 - 186 Asbestos abatement 56 - (16) 2 - 42 Renewable generation assets 7 2 - 1 - 10 Total Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2015 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 439 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 447 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 200 $ - $ (8) $ 9 $ - $ 201 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 178 2 (9) 11 - 182 Asbestos abatement 54 - (1) 3 - 56 Renewable generation assets 6 1 - - - 7 Total Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Asset Retirement Obligations | 11: A sset R etirement O bligations CMS Energy and Consumers record the fair value of the cost to remove assets at the end of their useful lives, if there is a l egal obligation to remove them. If a reasonable estimate of fair value cannot be made in the period in which the ARO is incurred, such as for assets with indeterminate lives, the liability is recognized when a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. CMS Energy and Consumers have not recorded liabilities for assets that have i mmaterial cumulative disposal costs, such as substation batteries. CMS Energy and Consumers calculate the fair value of ARO liabilities using an expected present-value technique that reflects assumptions about costs and inflation, and uses a credit-adjusted risk-free rate to discount the expected cash flows. CMS Energy’s ARO liabilities are primarily at Consumers. As a regulated entity, Consumers defers the effects of any changes in assumptions on the fair values of its ARO liabilities, adjusting the associated regulatory assets or liabilities rather than recognizing such effects in earnings. Presented below are the categories of assets that CMS Energy and Consumers have legal obligations to remove at the end of their useful lives and for which they have an ARO liability recorded: Company and ARO Description In-Service Date Long-Lived Assets CMS Energy, including Consumers Closure of gas treating plant and gas wells Various Gas transmission and storage Closure of coal ash disposal areas Various Generating plants coal ash areas Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap Various Gas distribution mains and services Asbestos abatement 1973 Electric and gas utility plant Closure of renewable generation assets Various Wind and solar generation facilities Consumers Closure of coal ash disposal areas Various Generating plants coal ash areas Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap Various Gas distribution mains and services Asbestos abatement 1973 Electric and gas utility plant Closure of renewable generation assets Various Wind and solar generation facilities No assets have been restricted for purposes of settling AROs. Presented in the following tables are the changes in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ ARO liabilities: In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2016 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 447 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 430 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 201 $ - $ (18) $ 8 $ - $ 191 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 182 3 (11) 12 - 186 Asbestos abatement 56 - (16) 2 - 42 Renewable generation assets 7 2 - 1 - 10 Total Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2015 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 439 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 447 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 200 $ - $ (8) $ 9 $ - $ 201 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 178 2 (9) 11 - 182 Asbestos abatement 54 - (1) 3 - 56 Renewable generation assets 6 1 - - - 7 Total Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 |
Retirement Benefits
Retirement Benefits | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Retirement Benefits | 12: R etirement B enefits Benefit Plans: CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans. These plans include: · non ‑contributory, qualified DB P ension P lan s (closed to new non ‑union participants as of July 1, 2003 and closed to new union partic ipants as of September 1, 2005) · a non ‑contributory, qualified DCCP for employees hire d on or after July 1, 2003 · benefits to certain management employees under a non ‑contributory, nonqualified DB SERP (closed to new par ticipants as of March 31, 2006) · a non ‑contributory, non qualified DC SERP for certain management employees hired or pro moted on or after April 1, 2006 · a contributory, qualified d efined contribution 401(k) plan · health care and life insura nce benefits under an OPEB Plan DB Pension Plan s : Participants in the p ension p lan s include present and former employees of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries. P ension p lan trust assets are not distinguishable by company. Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ then-existing pension plan was amended to include only retired and former employees already covered; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Also effective December 31, 2017, active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A, whose benefits mirror those provided under DB Pension Plan B . Maintaining separate plans for the two groups will allow CMS Energy and Consumers to employ a more targeted investment strategy and will provide additional opportunities to mitigate risk and volatility. DCCP: CMS Energy and Consumers provide an employer contribution to the DCCP 401(k) plan for employees hired on or after July 1, 2003. The contribution ranges from five to seven percent of base pay, depending on years of service. Employees are not required to contribute in order to receive the plan’s employer contribution. DCCP expense for CMS Energy , including Consumers, was $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $20 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 . DCCP expense for Consumers was $22 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $19 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. DB SERP: The DB SERP is a non qualified plan as defined by the Internal Revenue Code. DB SERP benefits are paid from a rabbi trust established in 1988. The trust assets are not considered plan assets under ASC 715. DB SERP rabbi trust earnings are taxable. Presented in the following table are the fair values of trust assets, ABO, and contributions for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB SERP: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Trust assets $ 146 $ 144 ABO 149 143 Contributions 7 - Consumers Trust assets $ 106 $ 104 ABO 107 101 Contributions 6 - DC SERP: On April 1, 2006, CMS Energy and Consumers implemented a DC SERP and froze further new participation in the DB SERP. The DC SERP provides participants benefits ranging from 5 percent to 15 percent of total compensation. The DC SERP requires a minimum of five years of participation before vesting. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ contributions to the plan, if any, are placed in a grantor trust. For CMS Energy and Consumers, trust assets were $5 million at December 31, 2017 and $3 million at December 31, 2016 . DC SERP assets are included in other non ‑current assets on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DC SERP expense was $ 1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and less than $ 1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . 401(k) Plan: T he 401(k) plan employer match equal s 100 percent of eligible contributions up to the first three percent of an employee’s wages and 50 percent of eligible contributions up to the next two percent of an employee’s wages . The total 401(k) plan cost for CMS Energy, including Consumers , was $26 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $ 24 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $ 19 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 . The total 401(k) plan cost for Consumers was $25 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $ 19 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. OPEB Plan: Participants in the OPEB Plan include all regular full-time employees covered by the employee health care plan on the day before retirement from either CMS Energy or Consumers at age 55 or older with at least ten full years of applicable continuous service. Regular full-time employees who qualify for disability retirement under the DB P ension P lan s or are disabled and covered by the DCCP and who have 15 years of applicable continuous service may also participate in the OPEB Plan. Retiree health care costs were based on the assumption that costs would increase 7.50 percent in 201 8 and 7.00 percent in 201 7 for those under 65 and would increase 8.00 percent in 2018 and 7.75 percent in 2017 for those over 65 . The rate of increase was assumed to decline to 4.75 percent by 2027 and thereafter for all retirees . In November 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers approved certain amendments to the OPEB Plan. Under these amendments, effective January 1, 2019, certain Medicare-eligible retirees will purchase health care plans from private Medicare exchanges . CMS Energy and Consumers performed a remeasurement of the OPEB Plan as of October 31, 2017, resulting in a significant reduction in the benefit obligation . The assumptions used in the health care cost-trend rate affect service, interest, and PBO costs. Presented in the following table are the effects of a one-percentage-point change in the health care cost-trend assumption: In Millions One Percentage One Percentage Year Ended December 31, 2017 Point Increase Point Decrease CMS Energy, including Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 32 (28) Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 30 (27) Assumptions: Presented in the following table are the weighted-average assumptions used in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans to determine benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost: December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted average for benefit obligations 1 Discount rate 2 DB Pension Plan A 3 3.78 % DB Pension Plan B 3 3.64 DB SERP 3.65 4.16 % 4.43 % OPEB Plan 3.74 4.49 4.70 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plan A 3 3.50 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 Weighted average for net periodic benefit cost 1 Service cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 4.53 4.79 4.10 DB SERP 4.51 4.87 4.10 OPEB Plan 4.89 4.75 4.30 Interest cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 3.56 3.66 4.10 DB SERP 3.51 3.64 4.10 OPEB Plan 3.79 3.89 4.30 Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5 DB Pension Plans 7.25 7.25 7.50 OPEB Plan 7.25 7.25 7.25 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plans 3.60 3.00 3.00 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 1 The mortality assumption for benefit obligations was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 7 for 201 7 , MP-201 6 for 201 6 , and MP-201 5 for 201 5 . The mortality assumption for net periodic benefit cost for 2017, 2016 , and 2015 was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 6 for 201 7, MP-2015 for 2016, and MP-2014 for 2015 . 2 The discount rate reflects the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled and is equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from a yield-curve analysis. This analysis incorporated the projected benefit payments specific to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan and the yields on high-quality corporate bonds rated Aa or better . 3 Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ existing defined benefit p ension p lan was amended to include only retired or inactive employees; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A. The discount rate used to measure the existing plan was 4.30 percent at December 31, 2016 and 4.52 percent at December 31, 2015. The weighted-average rate of compensation increase used to measure the existing plan was 3.60 percent at December 31, 2016 and 3.00 percent at December 31, 2015. 4 In January 2016, CMS Energy and Consumers changed the method they use to determine the discount rate used to calculate the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs for the DB Pension and OPEB Plans. Historically, the discount rate used for this purpose represented a single weighted-average rate derived from the yield curve used to determine the benefit obligation. CMS Energy and Consumers have elected to use instead a full-yield-curve approach in the estimation of service cost and interest cost; this approach is more accurate in that it applies individual spot rates along the yield curve to future projected benefit payments based on the time of payment. 5 CMS Energy and Consumers determined the long-term rate of return using historical market returns, the present and expected future economic environment, the capital market principles of risk and return, and the expert opinions of individuals and firms with financial market knowledge. CMS Energy and Consumers considered the asset allocation of the portfolio in forecasting the future expected total return of the portfolio. The goal was to determine a long-term rate of return that could be incorporated into the planning of future cash flow requirements in conjunction with the change in the liability. Annually, CMS Energy and Consumers review for reasonableness and appropriateness the forecasted returns for various classes of assets used to construct an expected return model. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ expected long-term rate of return on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 7.25 percent in 2017 . The actual return (loss) on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 18.0 percent in 2017 , 8.0 percent in 2016 , and (2.0) percent in 2015 . Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans: In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 45 $ 42 $ 50 $ 19 $ 18 $ 25 Interest cost 93 90 108 51 46 58 Expected return on plan assets (153) (147) (138) (90) (85) (91) Amortization of: Net loss 82 71 97 29 21 21 Prior service cost (credit) 5 4 1 (40) (41) (41) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 72 $ 60 $ 118 $ (31) $ (41) $ (28) Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 44 $ 41 $ 49 $ 19 $ 17 $ 25 Interest cost 90 87 103 49 45 56 Expected return on plan assets (149) (143) (134) (84) (80) (86) Amortization of: Net loss 79 68 93 29 22 22 Prior service cost (credit) 4 4 1 (39) (40) (40) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 68 $ 57 $ 112 $ (26) $ (36) $ (23) Presented in the following table are the estimated net loss and prior service cost (credit) that will be amortized into net periodic benefit cost in 2018 from or to the associated regulatory asset (liability) and AOCI: In Millions DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) AOCI 2 (2) Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) CMS Energy and Consumers amortize net gains and losses in excess of ten percent of the greater of the PBO or the MRV over the average remaining service period for DB Pension Plan A and the OPEB Plan and, beginning in 2018, over average remaining life expectancy of participants for DB Pension Plan B. The estimated period of amortization of gains and losses for CMS Energy and Consumers was nine years for DB Pension Plan A and 20 years for DB Pension Plan B for the year ended December 31, 2017. The estimated period of amortization of gains and losses for CMS Energy and Consumers was ten years for the DB Pension Plan s for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . For the OPEB Plan, the estimated amortization period was 11 years for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and 13 years for the year ended December 31, 2015 . Prior service cost (credit) amortization is established in the year in which the prior service cost (credit) first occurred, and is based on the same amortization period for all future years until the prior service cost (credit) is fully amortized. CMS Energy and Consumers had new prior service credit s for OPEB in 2017 and 2015 and a new prior service cost for the DB Pension Plans in 2015 . The estimated pe riod of amortization of the s e new prior service costs ( credit s) for CMS Energy and Consumers is ten years. CMS Energy and Consumers determine the MR V for the assets of the DB P ension P lan s as the fair value of plan assets on the measurement date, adjusted by the gains or losses that will not be admitted into the MRV until future years. CMS Energy and Consumers reflect each year’s gain or loss in the MRV in equal amounts over a five -year period beginning on the date the original amount was determined. CMS Energy and Consumers determine the MRV for OPEB Plan assets as the fair value of assets on the measurement date. Reconciliations: Presented in the following table are reconciliations of the funded status of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans with their retirement benefits plans’ liabilities: In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 2,562 $ 2,403 $ 151 $ 150 $ 1,408 $ 1,227 Service cost 45 42 - - 19 18 Interest cost 88 85 5 5 51 46 Plan amendments - - - - (309) - Actuarial (gain) loss 241 1 196 1 7 4 (24) 1 171 1 Benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (48) (54) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 2,780 $ 2,562 $ 154 $ 151 $ 1,097 $ 1,408 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ 2,101 $ 2,013 $ - $ - $ 1,264 $ 1,208 Actual return on plan assets 360 152 - - 203 109 Company contribution - 100 9 8 - - Actual benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (47) (53) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ 2,305 $ 2,101 $ - $ - $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Funded status $ (475) 2 $ (461) 2 $ (154) $ (151) $ 323 $ (144) Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 109 $ 106 $ 1,365 $ 1,188 Service cost - - 19 17 Interest cost 4 4 49 45 Plan amendments - - (303) - Actuarial (gain) loss 5 4 (31) 1 167 1 Benefits paid (6) (5) (46) (52) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 112 $ 109 $ 1,053 $ 1,365 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ - $ - $ 1,184 $ 1,133 Actual return on plan assets - - 190 103 Company contribution 6 5 - - Actual benefits paid (6) (5) (45) (52) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ - $ - $ 1,329 $ 1,184 Funded status $ (112) $ (109) $ 276 $ (181) 1 The actuarial loss for 2017 for the DB Pension Plans was primarily the result of lowering the discount rates. The actuarial gain for 2017 for the OPEB Plan was primarily the result of better claim experience in calculating the plan’s funded status. The actuarial loss for 2016 was primarily the result of claims, experience, and lowering the discount rates used in calculating the plans’ funded status. 2 At December 31, 2017 , $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016 , $ 441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. Presented in the following table is the classification of CMS Energy’s and Consu mers’ retirement benefit plans’ assets and liabilities: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 143 $ - OPEB Plan 323 - Current liabilities DB SERP 9 8 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 618 461 DB SERP 145 143 OPEB Plan - 144 Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 147 $ - OPEB Plan 276 - Current liabilities DB SERP 7 5 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 602 441 DB SERP 105 104 OPEB Plan - 181 The ABO for the DB Pension Plans was $2.4 billion at December 31, 2017 and $2.3 billion at December 31, 2016. Presented in the following table is information related to the defined benefit pension plan for which the PBO and the ABO exceed plan assets : In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers PBO $ 1,511 $ 2,562 ABO 1,164 2,250 Fair value of plan assets 893 2,101 Items Not Yet Recognized as a Component of Net Periodic Benefit Cost: Presented in the following table are the amounts recognized in regulatory assets , regulatory liabilities, and AOCI that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost. For additional details on regulatory assets and liabilities, see Note 3, Regulatory Matters. In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss (gain) 97 93 (6) (8) Prior service cost (credit) 1 1 (12) (6) Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,126 $ 1,171 $ (153) $ 282 Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss 36 33 - - Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,064 $ 1,110 $ (135) $ 296 Plan Assets: Presented in the following tables are the fair values of the assets of CMS Energy’s DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan, by asset category and by level within the fair value hierarchy. For additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. In Millions DB Pension Plans December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ 110 $ 110 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 4 - 4 1 - 1 Corporate debt 336 - 336 266 - 266 State and municipal bonds 9 - 9 9 - 9 Foreign corporate bonds 31 - 31 25 - 25 Mutual funds 662 662 - 571 571 - $ 1,063 $ 683 $ 380 $ 982 $ 681 $ 301 Pooled funds 1,242 1,119 Total $ 2,305 $ 2,101 In Millions OPEB Plan December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 16 $ 16 $ - $ 39 $ 39 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 1 - 1 - - - Corporate debt 50 - 50 38 - 38 State and municipal bonds 1 - 1 1 - 1 Foreign corporate bonds 4 - 4 4 - 4 Common stocks 40 40 - 44 44 - Mutual funds 647 647 - 563 563 - $ 759 $ 703 $ 56 $ 689 $ 646 $ 43 Pooled funds 661 575 Total $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Cash and Short-Term Investments: Cash and short-term investments consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. U.S. Government and Agencies Securities: U.S. government and agencies securities consist of U.S. Treasury notes and other debt securities backed by the U.S. government and relat ed agencies. These securities a re valued based on quoted market prices. Corporate Debt: Corp orate debt investments consist of investment grade bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries. These securities are valued based on quoted market prices, when available, or yields available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. State and Municipal Bonds: State and municipal bonds a re valued using a matrix-pricing model that incorporate s Level 2 market-based information . The fair value of the bonds i s derived from various observable inputs, including benchmark yields, reported securities trades, broker/dealer quotes, bond ratings, and general information on market movements for investment grade state and municipal securities normally considered by market participants when pricing such debt securities. Foreign Corporate Bonds: Foreign corporate debt securi ties a re valued based on quoted market prices, when available, or on yields available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. Common Stocks: Common stocks in the OPEB Plan consist of equity securities with low transaction costs that a re actively managed and tracked by the S& P 500 Index. These securities a re valued at their quoted closing prices. Mutual Funds: Mutual funds represent shares in registered investment companies that are pric ed based on the daily quoted net asset value s that are publicly available and are the basis for transactions to buy or sell shares in the funds. Pooled Funds: Pooled funds include both common and collective trust funds as well as special funds that contain only employee benefit plan assets from two or more unrelated benefit plans. These funds primarily consist of U.S. and foreign equity securities, but also include U.S. and foreign fixed-income securities and alternative investments. Since these investments are valued at their net asset value as a practical expedient, they are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. Asset Allocations: Presented in the following table are the investment components of the assets of CMS Energy’s DB Pension Plans and OPEB Plan as of December 31, 2017: DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan Equity securities 55 % 52 % Fixed-income securities 30 25 Alternative-strategy investments 15 23 100 % 100 % 1 CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the assets of the DB P ension P lan s is 53 percent equity, 41 percent fixed income, and 6 percent alternative-strategy investments. This target asset allocation is expected to continue to maximize the long-term return on plan assets, while maintaining a prudent level of risk. The level of acceptable risk is a function of the liabilities of the plan. Equity investments are diversified mostly across the S&P 500 Index, with lesser allocations to the S&P MidCap and SmallCap Indexes and Foreign Equity Funds. Fixed-income investments are diversified across investment grade instruments of government and corporate issuers as well as high-yield and global bond funds. Alternative strategies are diversified across absolute return investment approaches and global tactical asset allocation. CMS Energy use s annual liability measurements, quarterly portfolio reviews, and periodic asset/liability studies to evaluate the need for adjustments to the portfolio allocation. CMS Energy established union and non ‑union VEBA trusts to fund future retiree health and life insurance benefits. These trusts are funded through the ratemaking process for Consumers and through direct contributions from the non ‑utility subsidiaries. CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the health trusts is 50 percent equity, 30 percent fixed income, and 20 percent alternative - strategy investments. CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the life trusts is 42 percent equity, 28 percent fixed income, and 30 percent alternative - strategy investments . These target allocations are expected to continue to maximize the long-term return on plan assets, while maintaining a prudent level of risk. The level of acceptable risk is a function of the liabilities of the plan s . Equity investments are diversified mostly across the S&P 500 Index, with lesser allocations to the S&P SmallCap Index and Foreign Equity Funds. Fixed-income investments are diversified across investment grade instruments of government and corporate issuers. Alternative strategies are diversified across absolute return investment approaches and global tactical asset allocation. CMS Energy use s annual liability measurements, quarterly portfolio reviews, and periodic asset/liability studies to evaluate the need for adjustments to the portfolio allocation. Contributions: Presented in the following table are the contributions to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ OPEB Plan and DB P ension P lan s : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 100 Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 93 Contributions comprise required amounts and discretionary contributions. Neither CMS Energy nor Consumers plans to contribute to the OPEB Plan or DB Pension Plans in 2018. Actual future contributions will depend on future investment performance, discount rates, and various factors related to the participants of the DB P ension P lans and OPEB Plan. CMS Energy and Consumers will, at a minimum, contribute to the plans as needed to comply with federal funding requirements. Benefit Payments: Presented in the following table are the expected benefit payments for each of the next five years and the five-year period thereafter: In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers 2018 $ 157 $ 10 $ 56 2019 163 10 58 2020 168 10 60 2021 169 10 62 2022 170 10 62 2023-2027 457 47 312 Consumers 2018 $ 153 $ 7 $ 54 2019 159 7 55 2020 163 7 57 2021 164 7 59 2022 166 7 60 2023-2027 457 32 298 Collective Bargaining Agreements: At December 31, 2017 , unions represented 38 percent of CMS Energy’s employees and 40 percent of Consumers’ employees. The UWUA represents Consumers’ operating, maintenance, construction, and call center employees. The USW represents Zeeland employees. Union contracts expire in 2020. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Retirement Benefits | 12: R etirement B enefits Benefit Plans: CMS Energy and Consumers provide pension, OPEB, and other retirement benefits to employees under a number of different plans. These plans include: · non ‑contributory, qualified DB P ension P lan s (closed to new non ‑union participants as of July 1, 2003 and closed to new union partic ipants as of September 1, 2005) · a non ‑contributory, qualified DCCP for employees hire d on or after July 1, 2003 · benefits to certain management employees under a non ‑contributory, nonqualified DB SERP (closed to new par ticipants as of March 31, 2006) · a non ‑contributory, non qualified DC SERP for certain management employees hired or pro moted on or after April 1, 2006 · a contributory, qualified d efined contribution 401(k) plan · health care and life insura nce benefits under an OPEB Plan DB Pension Plan s : Participants in the p ension p lan s include present and former employees of CMS Energy and Consumers, including certain present and former affiliates and subsidiaries. P ension p lan trust assets are not distinguishable by company. Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ then-existing pension plan was amended to include only retired and former employees already covered; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Also effective December 31, 2017, active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A, whose benefits mirror those provided under DB Pension Plan B . Maintaining separate plans for the two groups will allow CMS Energy and Consumers to employ a more targeted investment strategy and will provide additional opportunities to mitigate risk and volatility. DCCP: CMS Energy and Consumers provide an employer contribution to the DCCP 401(k) plan for employees hired on or after July 1, 2003. The contribution ranges from five to seven percent of base pay, depending on years of service. Employees are not required to contribute in order to receive the plan’s employer contribution. DCCP expense for CMS Energy , including Consumers, was $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $20 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 . DCCP expense for Consumers was $22 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $19 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. DB SERP: The DB SERP is a non qualified plan as defined by the Internal Revenue Code. DB SERP benefits are paid from a rabbi trust established in 1988. The trust assets are not considered plan assets under ASC 715. DB SERP rabbi trust earnings are taxable. Presented in the following table are the fair values of trust assets, ABO, and contributions for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB SERP: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Trust assets $ 146 $ 144 ABO 149 143 Contributions 7 - Consumers Trust assets $ 106 $ 104 ABO 107 101 Contributions 6 - DC SERP: On April 1, 2006, CMS Energy and Consumers implemented a DC SERP and froze further new participation in the DB SERP. The DC SERP provides participants benefits ranging from 5 percent to 15 percent of total compensation. The DC SERP requires a minimum of five years of participation before vesting. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ contributions to the plan, if any, are placed in a grantor trust. For CMS Energy and Consumers, trust assets were $5 million at December 31, 2017 and $3 million at December 31, 2016 . DC SERP assets are included in other non ‑current assets on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DC SERP expense was $ 1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and less than $ 1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . 401(k) Plan: T he 401(k) plan employer match equal s 100 percent of eligible contributions up to the first three percent of an employee’s wages and 50 percent of eligible contributions up to the next two percent of an employee’s wages . The total 401(k) plan cost for CMS Energy, including Consumers , was $26 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $ 24 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $ 19 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 . The total 401(k) plan cost for Consumers was $25 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 , $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 , and $ 19 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. OPEB Plan: Participants in the OPEB Plan include all regular full-time employees covered by the employee health care plan on the day before retirement from either CMS Energy or Consumers at age 55 or older with at least ten full years of applicable continuous service. Regular full-time employees who qualify for disability retirement under the DB P ension P lan s or are disabled and covered by the DCCP and who have 15 years of applicable continuous service may also participate in the OPEB Plan. Retiree health care costs were based on the assumption that costs would increase 7.50 percent in 201 8 and 7.00 percent in 201 7 for those under 65 and would increase 8.00 percent in 2018 and 7.75 percent in 2017 for those over 65 . The rate of increase was assumed to decline to 4.75 percent by 2027 and thereafter for all retirees . In November 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers approved certain amendments to the OPEB Plan. Under these amendments, effective January 1, 2019, certain Medicare-eligible retirees will purchase health care plans from private Medicare exchanges . CMS Energy and Consumers performed a remeasurement of the OPEB Plan as of October 31, 2017, resulting in a significant reduction in the benefit obligation . The assumptions used in the health care cost-trend rate affect service, interest, and PBO costs. Presented in the following table are the effects of a one-percentage-point change in the health care cost-trend assumption: In Millions One Percentage One Percentage Year Ended December 31, 2017 Point Increase Point Decrease CMS Energy, including Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 32 (28) Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 30 (27) Assumptions: Presented in the following table are the weighted-average assumptions used in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans to determine benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost: December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted average for benefit obligations 1 Discount rate 2 DB Pension Plan A 3 3.78 % DB Pension Plan B 3 3.64 DB SERP 3.65 4.16 % 4.43 % OPEB Plan 3.74 4.49 4.70 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plan A 3 3.50 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 Weighted average for net periodic benefit cost 1 Service cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 4.53 4.79 4.10 DB SERP 4.51 4.87 4.10 OPEB Plan 4.89 4.75 4.30 Interest cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 3.56 3.66 4.10 DB SERP 3.51 3.64 4.10 OPEB Plan 3.79 3.89 4.30 Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5 DB Pension Plans 7.25 7.25 7.50 OPEB Plan 7.25 7.25 7.25 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plans 3.60 3.00 3.00 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 1 The mortality assumption for benefit obligations was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 7 for 201 7 , MP-201 6 for 201 6 , and MP-201 5 for 201 5 . The mortality assumption for net periodic benefit cost for 2017, 2016 , and 2015 was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 6 for 201 7, MP-2015 for 2016, and MP-2014 for 2015 . 2 The discount rate reflects the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled and is equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from a yield-curve analysis. This analysis incorporated the projected benefit payments specific to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan and the yields on high-quality corporate bonds rated Aa or better . 3 Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ existing defined benefit p ension p lan was amended to include only retired or inactive employees; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A. The discount rate used to measure the existing plan was 4.30 percent at December 31, 2016 and 4.52 percent at December 31, 2015. The weighted-average rate of compensation increase used to measure the existing plan was 3.60 percent at December 31, 2016 and 3.00 percent at December 31, 2015. 4 In January 2016, CMS Energy and Consumers changed the method they use to determine the discount rate used to calculate the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs for the DB Pension and OPEB Plans. Historically, the discount rate used for this purpose represented a single weighted-average rate derived from the yield curve used to determine the benefit obligation. CMS Energy and Consumers have elected to use instead a full-yield-curve approach in the estimation of service cost and interest cost; this approach is more accurate in that it applies individual spot rates along the yield curve to future projected benefit payments based on the time of payment. 5 CMS Energy and Consumers determined the long-term rate of return using historical market returns, the present and expected future economic environment, the capital market principles of risk and return, and the expert opinions of individuals and firms with financial market knowledge. CMS Energy and Consumers considered the asset allocation of the portfolio in forecasting the future expected total return of the portfolio. The goal was to determine a long-term rate of return that could be incorporated into the planning of future cash flow requirements in conjunction with the change in the liability. Annually, CMS Energy and Consumers review for reasonableness and appropriateness the forecasted returns for various classes of assets used to construct an expected return model. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ expected long-term rate of return on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 7.25 percent in 2017 . The actual return (loss) on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 18.0 percent in 2017 , 8.0 percent in 2016 , and (2.0) percent in 2015 . Costs: Presented in the following table are the costs (credits) and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations incurred in CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans: In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 45 $ 42 $ 50 $ 19 $ 18 $ 25 Interest cost 93 90 108 51 46 58 Expected return on plan assets (153) (147) (138) (90) (85) (91) Amortization of: Net loss 82 71 97 29 21 21 Prior service cost (credit) 5 4 1 (40) (41) (41) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 72 $ 60 $ 118 $ (31) $ (41) $ (28) Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 44 $ 41 $ 49 $ 19 $ 17 $ 25 Interest cost 90 87 103 49 45 56 Expected return on plan assets (149) (143) (134) (84) (80) (86) Amortization of: Net loss 79 68 93 29 22 22 Prior service cost (credit) 4 4 1 (39) (40) (40) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 68 $ 57 $ 112 $ (26) $ (36) $ (23) Presented in the following table are the estimated net loss and prior service cost (credit) that will be amortized into net periodic benefit cost in 2018 from or to the associated regulatory asset (liability) and AOCI: In Millions DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) AOCI 2 (2) Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) CMS Energy and Consumers amortize net gains and losses in excess of ten percent of the greater of the PBO or the MRV over the average remaining service period for DB Pension Plan A and the OPEB Plan and, beginning in 2018, over average remaining life expectancy of participants for DB Pension Plan B. The estimated period of amortization of gains and losses for CMS Energy and Consumers was nine years for DB Pension Plan A and 20 years for DB Pension Plan B for the year ended December 31, 2017. The estimated period of amortization of gains and losses for CMS Energy and Consumers was ten years for the DB Pension Plan s for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 . For the OPEB Plan, the estimated amortization period was 11 years for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and 13 years for the year ended December 31, 2015 . Prior service cost (credit) amortization is established in the year in which the prior service cost (credit) first occurred, and is based on the same amortization period for all future years until the prior service cost (credit) is fully amortized. CMS Energy and Consumers had new prior service credit s for OPEB in 2017 and 2015 and a new prior service cost for the DB Pension Plans in 2015 . The estimated pe riod of amortization of the s e new prior service costs ( credit s) for CMS Energy and Consumers is ten years. CMS Energy and Consumers determine the MR V for the assets of the DB P ension P lan s as the fair value of plan assets on the measurement date, adjusted by the gains or losses that will not be admitted into the MRV until future years. CMS Energy and Consumers reflect each year’s gain or loss in the MRV in equal amounts over a five -year period beginning on the date the original amount was determined. CMS Energy and Consumers determine the MRV for OPEB Plan assets as the fair value of assets on the measurement date. Reconciliations: Presented in the following table are reconciliations of the funded status of CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ retirement benefits plans with their retirement benefits plans’ liabilities: In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 2,562 $ 2,403 $ 151 $ 150 $ 1,408 $ 1,227 Service cost 45 42 - - 19 18 Interest cost 88 85 5 5 51 46 Plan amendments - - - - (309) - Actuarial (gain) loss 241 1 196 1 7 4 (24) 1 171 1 Benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (48) (54) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 2,780 $ 2,562 $ 154 $ 151 $ 1,097 $ 1,408 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ 2,101 $ 2,013 $ - $ - $ 1,264 $ 1,208 Actual return on plan assets 360 152 - - 203 109 Company contribution - 100 9 8 - - Actual benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (47) (53) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ 2,305 $ 2,101 $ - $ - $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Funded status $ (475) 2 $ (461) 2 $ (154) $ (151) $ 323 $ (144) Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 109 $ 106 $ 1,365 $ 1,188 Service cost - - 19 17 Interest cost 4 4 49 45 Plan amendments - - (303) - Actuarial (gain) loss 5 4 (31) 1 167 1 Benefits paid (6) (5) (46) (52) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 112 $ 109 $ 1,053 $ 1,365 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ - $ - $ 1,184 $ 1,133 Actual return on plan assets - - 190 103 Company contribution 6 5 - - Actual benefits paid (6) (5) (45) (52) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ - $ - $ 1,329 $ 1,184 Funded status $ (112) $ (109) $ 276 $ (181) 1 The actuarial loss for 2017 for the DB Pension Plans was primarily the result of lowering the discount rates. The actuarial gain for 2017 for the OPEB Plan was primarily the result of better claim experience in calculating the plan’s funded status. The actuarial loss for 2016 was primarily the result of claims, experience, and lowering the discount rates used in calculating the plans’ funded status. 2 At December 31, 2017 , $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016 , $ 441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. Presented in the following table is the classification of CMS Energy’s and Consu mers’ retirement benefit plans’ assets and liabilities: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 143 $ - OPEB Plan 323 - Current liabilities DB SERP 9 8 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 618 461 DB SERP 145 143 OPEB Plan - 144 Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 147 $ - OPEB Plan 276 - Current liabilities DB SERP 7 5 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 602 441 DB SERP 105 104 OPEB Plan - 181 The ABO for the DB Pension Plans was $2.4 billion at December 31, 2017 and $2.3 billion at December 31, 2016. Presented in the following table is information related to the defined benefit pension plan for which the PBO and the ABO exceed plan assets : In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers PBO $ 1,511 $ 2,562 ABO 1,164 2,250 Fair value of plan assets 893 2,101 Items Not Yet Recognized as a Component of Net Periodic Benefit Cost: Presented in the following table are the amounts recognized in regulatory assets , regulatory liabilities, and AOCI that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost. For additional details on regulatory assets and liabilities, see Note 3, Regulatory Matters. In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss (gain) 97 93 (6) (8) Prior service cost (credit) 1 1 (12) (6) Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,126 $ 1,171 $ (153) $ 282 Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss 36 33 - - Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,064 $ 1,110 $ (135) $ 296 Plan Assets: Presented in the following tables are the fair values of the assets of CMS Energy’s DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan, by asset category and by level within the fair value hierarchy. For additional details regarding the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. In Millions DB Pension Plans December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ 110 $ 110 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 4 - 4 1 - 1 Corporate debt 336 - 336 266 - 266 State and municipal bonds 9 - 9 9 - 9 Foreign corporate bonds 31 - 31 25 - 25 Mutual funds 662 662 - 571 571 - $ 1,063 $ 683 $ 380 $ 982 $ 681 $ 301 Pooled funds 1,242 1,119 Total $ 2,305 $ 2,101 In Millions OPEB Plan December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 16 $ 16 $ - $ 39 $ 39 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 1 - 1 - - - Corporate debt 50 - 50 38 - 38 State and municipal bonds 1 - 1 1 - 1 Foreign corporate bonds 4 - 4 4 - 4 Common stocks 40 40 - 44 44 - Mutual funds 647 647 - 563 563 - $ 759 $ 703 $ 56 $ 689 $ 646 $ 43 Pooled funds 661 575 Total $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Cash and Short-Term Investments: Cash and short-term investments consist of money market funds with daily liquidity. U.S. Government and Agencies Securities: U.S. government and agencies securities consist of U.S. Treasury notes and other debt securities backed by the U.S. government and relat ed agencies. These securities a re valued based on quoted market prices. Corporate Debt: Corp orate debt investments consist of investment grade bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries. These securities are valued based on quoted market prices, when available, or yields available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. State and Municipal Bonds: State and municipal bonds a re valued using a matrix-pricing model that incorporate s Level 2 market-based information . The fair value of the bonds i s derived from various observable inputs, including benchmark yields, reported securities trades, broker/dealer quotes, bond ratings, and general information on market movements for investment grade state and municipal securities normally considered by market participants when pricing such debt securities. Foreign Corporate Bonds: Foreign corporate debt securi ties a re valued based on quoted market prices, when available, or on yields available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. Common Stocks: Common stocks in the OPEB Plan consist of equity securities with low transaction costs that a re actively managed and tracked by the S& P 500 Index. These securities a re valued at their quoted closing prices. Mutual Funds: Mutual funds represent shares in registered investment companies that are pric ed based on the daily quoted net asset value s that are publicly available and are the basis for transactions to buy or sell shares in the funds. Pooled Funds: Pooled funds include both common and collective trust funds as well as special funds that contain only employee benefit plan assets from two or more unrelated benefit plans. These funds primarily consist of U.S. and foreign equity securities, but also include U.S. and foreign fixed-income securities and alternative investments. Since these investments are valued at their net asset value as a practical expedient, they are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. Asset Allocations: Presented in the following table are the investment components of the assets of CMS Energy’s DB Pension Plans and OPEB Plan as of December 31, 2017: DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan Equity securities 55 % 52 % Fixed-income securities 30 25 Alternative-strategy investments 15 23 100 % 100 % 1 CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the assets of the DB P ension P lan s is 53 percent equity, 41 percent fixed income, and 6 percent alternative-strategy investments. This target asset allocation is expected to continue to maximize the long-term return on plan assets, while maintaining a prudent level of risk. The level of acceptable risk is a function of the liabilities of the plan. Equity investments are diversified mostly across the S&P 500 Index, with lesser allocations to the S&P MidCap and SmallCap Indexes and Foreign Equity Funds. Fixed-income investments are diversified across investment grade instruments of government and corporate issuers as well as high-yield and global bond funds. Alternative strategies are diversified across absolute return investment approaches and global tactical asset allocation. CMS Energy use s annual liability measurements, quarterly portfolio reviews, and periodic asset/liability studies to evaluate the need for adjustments to the portfolio allocation. CMS Energy established union and non ‑union VEBA trusts to fund future retiree health and life insurance benefits. These trusts are funded through the ratemaking process for Consumers and through direct contributions from the non ‑utility subsidiaries. CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the health trusts is 50 percent equity, 30 percent fixed income, and 20 percent alternative - strategy investments. CMS Energy’s target asset allocation for the life trusts is 42 percent equity, 28 percent fixed income, and 30 percent alternative - strategy investments . These target allocations are expected to continue to maximize the long-term return on plan assets, while maintaining a prudent level of risk. The level of acceptable risk is a function of the liabilities of the plan s . Equity investments are diversified mostly across the S&P 500 Index, with lesser allocations to the S&P SmallCap Index and Foreign Equity Funds. Fixed-income investments are diversified across investment grade instruments of government and corporate issuers. Alternative strategies are diversified across absolute return investment approaches and global tactical asset allocation. CMS Energy use s annual liability measurements, quarterly portfolio reviews, and periodic asset/liability studies to evaluate the need for adjustments to the portfolio allocation. Contributions: Presented in the following table are the contributions to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ OPEB Plan and DB P ension P lan s : In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 100 Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 93 Contributions comprise required amounts and discretionary contributions. Neither CMS Energy nor Consumers plans to contribute to the OPEB Plan or DB Pension Plans in 2018. Actual future contributions will depend on future investment performance, discount rates, and various factors related to the participants of the DB P ension P lans and OPEB Plan. CMS Energy and Consumers will, at a minimum, contribute to the plans as needed to comply with federal funding requirements. Benefit Payments: Presented in the following table are the expected benefit payments for each of the next five years and the five-year period thereafter: In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers 2018 $ 157 $ 10 $ 56 2019 163 10 58 2020 168 10 60 2021 169 10 62 2022 170 10 62 2023-2027 457 47 312 Consumers 2018 $ 153 $ 7 $ 54 2019 159 7 55 2020 163 7 57 2021 164 7 59 2022 166 7 60 2023-2027 457 32 298 Collective Bargaining Agreements: At December 31, 2017 , unions represented 38 percent of CMS Energy’s employees and 40 percent of Consumers’ employees. The UWUA represents Consumers’ operating, maintenance, construction, and call center employees. The USW represents Zeeland employees. Union contracts expire in 2020. |
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Stock-Based Compensation | 13: S tock -B ased C ompensation CMS Energy and Consumers provide a PISP to officers, employees, and non ‑employee directors based on their contributions to the successful management of the company. The PISP has a ten -year term, expiring in May 2024. In 201 7 , all awards were in the form of restricted stock or restricted stock units. The PISP also allows for unrestricted common stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom shares, performance units, and incentive options, none of which was granted in 201 7 , 201 6 , or 201 5 . Shares awarded or subject to stock options, phantom shares, or performance units may not exceed 6.5 million shares from June 2014 through May 2024, nor may such awards to any recipient exceed 500,000 shares in any calendar year. CMS Energy and Consumers may issue awards of up to 4,342,829 shares of common stock under the PISP as of December 31, 2017 . Shares for which payment or exercise is in cash, as well as shares that expire, terminate, or are canceled or forfeited, may be awarded or granted again under the PISP. All awards under the PISP vest fully upon death. Upon a change of control of CMS Energy or termination under an officer separation agreement, the awards will vest in accordance with specific officer agreements. If stated in the award, for restricted stock recipients who terminate employment due to retirement or disability, a pro-rata portion of the award will vest upon termination, with any market-based award also contingent upon the outcome of the market condition and any performance-based award contingent upon the outcome of the performance condition. The pro-rata portion is equal to the portion of the service period served between the award grant date and the employee’s termination date. The remaining portion of the awards will be forfeited. All awards for directors vest fully upon r etirement. Restricted shares may be forfeited if employment terminates for any other reason or if the minimum service requirements are not met, as described in the award document. Restricted Stock Awards: Restricted stock awards for employees under the PISP are in the form of performance-based, market-based, a nd time-lapse restricted stock. Award recipients receive shares of CMS Energy common stock that have dividend and voting rights. The dividends on time-lapse restricted stock are paid in cash or in CMS Energy common stock. T he dividends on performance-based and market-based restricted stock are paid in restricted shares equal to the value of the dividends. These additional restricted shares are subject to the same vesting conditions as the underlying restricted stock shares. Performance-based restricted stock vesting is contingent on meeting at least a 36 ‑month service requirement and a performance condition. The performance condition is based on an adjusted measure of CMS Energy’s EPS growth relative to a peer group over a three -year period. The awards granted in 201 7, 2016, and 2015 require a 38 ‑month service period. Market-based restricted stock vesting is generally contingent on meeting a three -year service requirement and a market condition. The market condition is based on a comparison of CMS Energy’s total shareholder return with the median total shareholder return of a peer group over the same three -year period. Depending on the outcome of the performance condition or the market condition, a recipient may earn a total award ranging from zero to 200 percent of the initial grant. Time-lapse restricted stock generally vests after a service period of three years. Restricted Stock Units: In 201 7, 2016, and 2015 , CMS Energy and Consumers granted restricted stock units to certain non ‑ employee directors who elected to defer their restricted stock awards. The restricted stock units generally vest after a service period of one year or, if earlier, at the next annual meeting. The restricted stock units will be distributed to the recipients as shares in accordance with the directors’ deferral agreements. Restricted stock units do not have voting rights, but do have dividend rights. In lieu of cash dividend payments, the dividends on restricted stock units are paid in additional units equal to the value of the dividends. These additional restricted stock units are subject to the same vesting and distribution conditions as the underlying restricted stock units. No restricted stock units were forfeited during 2017 . Presented in the following tables is the activity for restricted stock and restricted stock units under the PISP : CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Year Ended December 31, 2017 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Nonvested at beginning of period 1,387,597 $ 32.44 1,328,631 $ 32.41 Granted Restricted stock 722,215 28.61 691,052 28.67 Restricted stock units 12,388 41.98 11,970 41.97 Vested Restricted stock (819,795) 19.53 (787,039) 19.56 Restricted stock units (15,638) 38.37 (15,199) 38.37 Forfeited – restricted stock (93,501) 39.19 (84,293) 39.19 Nonvested at end of period 1,193,266 $ 38.48 1,145,122 $ 38.50 Year Ended December 31, 2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Granted Time-lapse awards 164,640 159,260 Market-based awards 157,064 149,870 Performance-based awards 157,064 149,870 Restricted stock units 11,444 11,055 Dividends on market-based awards 24,137 22,976 Dividends on performance-based awards 22,894 21,791 Dividends on restricted stock units 944 915 Additional market-based shares based on achievement of condition 113,079 107,823 Additional performance-based shares based on achievement of condition 83,337 79,462 Total granted 734,603 703,022 CMS Energy and Consumers charge the fair value of the restricted stock awards to expense over the required service period and charge the fair value of the restricted stock units to expense immediately. For performance-based awards, CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the number of shares expected to vest at the end of the performance period based on the probable achievement of the performance objective. Performance-based and market-based restricted stock awards have graded vesting features for retirement-eligible employees, and CMS Energy and Consumers recognize expense for those awards on a graded vesting schedule over the required service period. Expense for performance-based and market-based restricted stock awards for non ‑retirement-eligible employees and time-lapse awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the required service period. The fair value of performance-based and time-lapse restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the price of CMS Energy’s common stock on the grant date. The fair value of market-based restricted stock awards is calculated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation. CMS Energy and Consumers base expected volatilities on the historical volatility of the price of CMS Energy common stock. The risk-free rate for valuation of the market-based restricted stock awards was based on the three-year U.S. Treasury yield at the award grant date. Presented in the following table are the most important assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the market-based restricted stock awards: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Expected volatility 18.0 % 16.7 % 14.1 % Expected dividend yield 3.0 3.2 3.3 Risk-free rate 1.5 1.0 0.8 Presented in the following table is the weighted-average grant-date fair value of all awards under the PISP: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.61 $ 31.74 $ 36.84 Restricted stock units granted 41.98 39.12 34.25 Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.67 $ 31.77 $ 36.83 Restricted stock units granted 41.97 39.12 34.25 Presented in the following table are amounts related to restricted stock awards and restricted stock units: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 37 $ 31 $ 29 Compensation expense recognized 17 16 20 Income tax benefit recognized 7 7 8 Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 35 $ 30 $ 28 Compensation expense recognized 16 16 19 Income tax benefit recognized 7 6 7 At December 31, 2017 , $18 million of total unrecognized compensation cost was related to restricted stock for CMS Energy, including Consumers, and $17 million of total unrecognized compensation cost was related to restricted stock for Consumers. CMS Energy and Consumers expect to recognize this cost over a weighted-average period of two years. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Stock-Based Compensation | 13: S tock -B ased C ompensation CMS Energy and Consumers provide a PISP to officers, employees, and non ‑employee directors based on their contributions to the successful management of the company. The PISP has a ten -year term, expiring in May 2024. In 201 7 , all awards were in the form of restricted stock or restricted stock units. The PISP also allows for unrestricted common stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom shares, performance units, and incentive options, none of which was granted in 201 7 , 201 6 , or 201 5 . Shares awarded or subject to stock options, phantom shares, or performance units may not exceed 6.5 million shares from June 2014 through May 2024, nor may such awards to any recipient exceed 500,000 shares in any calendar year. CMS Energy and Consumers may issue awards of up to 4,342,829 shares of common stock under the PISP as of December 31, 2017 . Shares for which payment or exercise is in cash, as well as shares that expire, terminate, or are canceled or forfeited, may be awarded or granted again under the PISP. All awards under the PISP vest fully upon death. Upon a change of control of CMS Energy or termination under an officer separation agreement, the awards will vest in accordance with specific officer agreements. If stated in the award, for restricted stock recipients who terminate employment due to retirement or disability, a pro-rata portion of the award will vest upon termination, with any market-based award also contingent upon the outcome of the market condition and any performance-based award contingent upon the outcome of the performance condition. The pro-rata portion is equal to the portion of the service period served between the award grant date and the employee’s termination date. The remaining portion of the awards will be forfeited. All awards for directors vest fully upon r etirement. Restricted shares may be forfeited if employment terminates for any other reason or if the minimum service requirements are not met, as described in the award document. Restricted Stock Awards: Restricted stock awards for employees under the PISP are in the form of performance-based, market-based, a nd time-lapse restricted stock. Award recipients receive shares of CMS Energy common stock that have dividend and voting rights. The dividends on time-lapse restricted stock are paid in cash or in CMS Energy common stock. T he dividends on performance-based and market-based restricted stock are paid in restricted shares equal to the value of the dividends. These additional restricted shares are subject to the same vesting conditions as the underlying restricted stock shares. Performance-based restricted stock vesting is contingent on meeting at least a 36 ‑month service requirement and a performance condition. The performance condition is based on an adjusted measure of CMS Energy’s EPS growth relative to a peer group over a three -year period. The awards granted in 201 7, 2016, and 2015 require a 38 ‑month service period. Market-based restricted stock vesting is generally contingent on meeting a three -year service requirement and a market condition. The market condition is based on a comparison of CMS Energy’s total shareholder return with the median total shareholder return of a peer group over the same three -year period. Depending on the outcome of the performance condition or the market condition, a recipient may earn a total award ranging from zero to 200 percent of the initial grant. Time-lapse restricted stock generally vests after a service period of three years. Restricted Stock Units: In 201 7, 2016, and 2015 , CMS Energy and Consumers granted restricted stock units to certain non ‑ employee directors who elected to defer their restricted stock awards. The restricted stock units generally vest after a service period of one year or, if earlier, at the next annual meeting. The restricted stock units will be distributed to the recipients as shares in accordance with the directors’ deferral agreements. Restricted stock units do not have voting rights, but do have dividend rights. In lieu of cash dividend payments, the dividends on restricted stock units are paid in additional units equal to the value of the dividends. These additional restricted stock units are subject to the same vesting and distribution conditions as the underlying restricted stock units. No restricted stock units were forfeited during 2017 . Presented in the following tables is the activity for restricted stock and restricted stock units under the PISP : CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Year Ended December 31, 2017 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Nonvested at beginning of period 1,387,597 $ 32.44 1,328,631 $ 32.41 Granted Restricted stock 722,215 28.61 691,052 28.67 Restricted stock units 12,388 41.98 11,970 41.97 Vested Restricted stock (819,795) 19.53 (787,039) 19.56 Restricted stock units (15,638) 38.37 (15,199) 38.37 Forfeited – restricted stock (93,501) 39.19 (84,293) 39.19 Nonvested at end of period 1,193,266 $ 38.48 1,145,122 $ 38.50 Year Ended December 31, 2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Granted Time-lapse awards 164,640 159,260 Market-based awards 157,064 149,870 Performance-based awards 157,064 149,870 Restricted stock units 11,444 11,055 Dividends on market-based awards 24,137 22,976 Dividends on performance-based awards 22,894 21,791 Dividends on restricted stock units 944 915 Additional market-based shares based on achievement of condition 113,079 107,823 Additional performance-based shares based on achievement of condition 83,337 79,462 Total granted 734,603 703,022 CMS Energy and Consumers charge the fair value of the restricted stock awards to expense over the required service period and charge the fair value of the restricted stock units to expense immediately. For performance-based awards, CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the number of shares expected to vest at the end of the performance period based on the probable achievement of the performance objective. Performance-based and market-based restricted stock awards have graded vesting features for retirement-eligible employees, and CMS Energy and Consumers recognize expense for those awards on a graded vesting schedule over the required service period. Expense for performance-based and market-based restricted stock awards for non ‑retirement-eligible employees and time-lapse awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the required service period. The fair value of performance-based and time-lapse restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the price of CMS Energy’s common stock on the grant date. The fair value of market-based restricted stock awards is calculated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation. CMS Energy and Consumers base expected volatilities on the historical volatility of the price of CMS Energy common stock. The risk-free rate for valuation of the market-based restricted stock awards was based on the three-year U.S. Treasury yield at the award grant date. Presented in the following table are the most important assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the market-based restricted stock awards: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Expected volatility 18.0 % 16.7 % 14.1 % Expected dividend yield 3.0 3.2 3.3 Risk-free rate 1.5 1.0 0.8 Presented in the following table is the weighted-average grant-date fair value of all awards under the PISP: Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.61 $ 31.74 $ 36.84 Restricted stock units granted 41.98 39.12 34.25 Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.67 $ 31.77 $ 36.83 Restricted stock units granted 41.97 39.12 34.25 Presented in the following table are amounts related to restricted stock awards and restricted stock units: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 37 $ 31 $ 29 Compensation expense recognized 17 16 20 Income tax benefit recognized 7 7 8 Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 35 $ 30 $ 28 Compensation expense recognized 16 16 19 Income tax benefit recognized 7 6 7 At December 31, 2017 , $18 million of total unrecognized compensation cost was related to restricted stock for CMS Energy, including Consumers, and $17 million of total unrecognized compensation cost was related to restricted stock for Consumers. CMS Energy and Consumers expect to recognize this cost over a weighted-average period of two years. |
Income Taxes
Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Income Taxes | 14: Income Taxes CMS Energy and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as a Michigan Corporate Income Tax return for the unitary business group and various other state unitary group combined income tax returns. Income taxes are allocated based on each company’s separate taxable income in accordance with the CMS Energy tax sharing agreement. In December 2017, President Trump signed the TCJA, which changed existing federal tax law and included numerous provisions that affect businesses. Provisions significantly impacting CMS Energy and Consumers include: · Reduction of the corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent · Repeal of the alternative minimum tax along with a provision requiring companies to recover alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards over the next four years · Limitation on the use of net operating loss carryforwards arising after December 31, 2017 to 80 percent of a company’s taxable income with an indefinite carryforward · A provision allowing companies to expense 100 percent of the cost of certain property when placed in service · Limitation on the deduction for net interest expense to 30 percent of adjusted taxable income · A requirement to use a normalization method of accounting for excess tax reserves associated with public utility property As a rate-regulated utility, Consumers is excluded from certain provisions of the TCJA, including those allowing companies to expense 100 percent of the cost of certain property acquired after September 27, 2017 and limiting the amount companies may deduct for net interest expense. Substantially all of the tax law changes enacted by the TCJA are effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Under GAAP (ASC 740), however, companies must recognize the effects of a tax law change in the period of enactment. The staff of the SEC issued guidance in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 that clarifies accounting for income taxes under ASC 740 if information is not yet available or complete and provides for up to a one-year period in which to complete the required analyses and accounting for the impacts of the TCJA . CMS Energy and Consumers have made reasonable estimates in measuring and accounting for the effects of the TCJA, which have been reflected in the December 31, 2017 financial statements. Given expected changes to U.S. Treasury regulations, interpretations of the TCJA by the U.S. Treasury, interpretations of the application of ASC 740, and the companies’ analysis of their historical records, these estimates could change. Presented in the following table is the difference between actual income tax expense on continuing operations and income tax expense computed by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate: In Millions, Except Tax Rate Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 886 $ 826 $ 796 Income tax expense at statutory rate 310 289 279 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 148 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 26 37 39 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (7) - Other, net (15) (7) (8) Income tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Effective tax rate 47.9 % 33.1 % 34.0 % Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 971 $ 936 $ 896 Income tax expense at statutory rate 340 328 314 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 33 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 30 44 42 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (6) - Other, net (19) (7) (15) Income tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 Effective tax rate 34.9 % 34.2 % 33.7 % 1 In September 2017, CMS Energy completed the evaluation of its methodology for the state apportionment of Consumers’ electricity sales to MISO, taking into account recent state tax law developments in the electric utility sector. As a result, CMS Energy intends to amend state income tax filings for 2013 through 2016 to seek a refund of taxes previously paid. To recognize the anticipated refund and the impact of the expected lower effective tax rate on their deferred state tax liabilities, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recorded a $14 million income tax benefit in 2017. The $14 million income tax benefit was net of reserves for uncertain tax positions and primarily attributable to Consumers. 2 In 2013, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to accelerate the flow-through to electric and gas customers of certain income tax benefits associated primarily with the cost of removal of plant placed in service before 1993. Consumers implemented this regulatory treatment beginning in 2014. This change, which also accelerates Consumers’ recognition of the income tax benefits, reduced Consumers’ income tax expense by $39 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 . Presented in the following table are the significant components of income tax expense on continuing operations: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ - $ - $ - State and local 6 9 24 $ 6 $ 9 $ 24 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 368 $ 200 $ 192 State and local 36 47 36 $ 404 $ 247 $ 228 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ 159 $ 9 $ 66 State and local 17 22 32 $ 176 $ 31 $ 98 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 120 $ 227 $ 153 State and local 29 45 32 $ 149 $ 272 $ 185 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 At CMS Energy, including Consumers, the impact of the TCJA was a $148 million increase in deferred income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017. At Consumers, the impact was a $33 million increase in deferred income tax expense. The TCJA had no impact on current income tax expense. Presented in the following table are the principal components of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) recognized: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Deferred income tax assets Tax loss and credit carryforwards $ 453 $ 871 Net regulatory tax liability 411 27 Reserves and accruals 40 69 Total deferred income tax assets $ 904 $ 967 Valuation allowance (15) (5) Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves $ 889 $ 962 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,891) $ (2,902) Employee benefits (96) (158) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (63) (6) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,158) $ (3,249) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,269) $ (2,287) Consumers Deferred income tax assets Net regulatory tax liability $ 411 $ 27 Tax loss and credit carryforwards 101 190 Reserves and accruals 21 37 Total deferred income tax assets $ 533 $ 254 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,901) $ (2,924) Employee benefits (105) (181) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (59) (8) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,173) $ (3,296) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,640) $ (3,042) Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax effect of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and the reported amounts on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers remeasured their deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances using the 21 percent federal tax rate enacted in the TCJA. To reflect the lower corporate tax rate, Consumers reduced its net deferred tax liabilities associated with its utility book-tax temporary differences by $1.6 billion. Of this amount , Consumers recognized deferred tax expense of $33 million related to non-recoverable net deferred tax assets, with the remaining amount being recorded as a net regulatory tax liability. Presented in the following table are the components of the net regulatory tax liability recorded at Consumers related to the TCJA : In Millions December 31 2017 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment (subject to normalization 1 ) $ 1,781 All other, net (not subject to normalization 1 ) (193) Net regulatory tax liability $ 1,588 1 Relates to deferred taxes arising from accelerated tax depreciation on assets in rate base that are governed by normalization provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. These normalization provisions generally require that customer rate refunds associated with changes in deferred taxes be returned to customers over the remaining average service life of the associated assets. Consumers will collect from customers the portion not subject to normalization over a period to be determined in a future regulatory proceeding. Consumers cannot predict the impact of orders from the MPSC related to the treatment of regulatory balances not subject to amortization. In addition to the amounts recorded at Consumers, CMS Energy reduced its net deferred tax assets associated with its non-utility book-tax temporary differences by $239 million. In total, CMS Energy, including Consumers, reduced its net deferred tax liabilities by $1.3 billion. Presented in the following table are the tax loss and credit carryforwards at December 31, 2017 : In Millions Gross Amount Tax Attribute Expiration CMS Energy, including Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 855 $ 179 2028 – 2036 Local net operating loss carryforwards 487 5 2023 – 2036 Alternative minimum tax credits 137 137 Not applicable General business credits 130 130 2018 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 453 Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 309 $ 65 2028 – 2036 General business credits 34 34 2032 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 101 CMS Energy has provided a valuation allowance of $ 2 million for the local tax loss carryforward, and $3 million for general business credits. The TCJA repealed the corporate alternative minimum tax and requires companies to recover (through offsets of regular tax and through cash refunds) all alternative minimum tax credits over the next four years. To reflect policy enacted by the federal Budget Control Act of 2011 , CMS Energy has provided a valuation allowance of $10 million for sequestration of cash refunds of alternative minimum tax credits. Additionally, at December 31, 2017, CMS Energy reclassified $124 million of alternative minimum tax credits to a current receivable, net of a charge of $9 million for sequestration. CMS Energy and Consumers expect to utilize fully their tax loss and credit carryforwards for which no valuation allowance has been provided. It is reasonably possible that further adjustments will be made to the valuation allowances within one year. Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax benefits: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 10 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 14 $ 5 $ 6 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 17 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 21 $ 5 $ 6 If recognized, all of these uncertain tax benefits would affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ annual effective tax rates in fu ture years. CMS Energy and Consumers recognize accrued interest and penalties, where applicable, as part of income tax expense. CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized no interest or penalties for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , or 2015 . The amount of income taxes paid is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state, local, and foreign tax authorities, which can result in proposed assessments. CMS Energy’s federal income tax returns for 2014 and subsequent years remain subject to examination by the IRS. CMS Energy’s Michigan Corporate Income Tax and Michigan Business Tax returns for 2008 and subsequent years, excluding 2012, remain subject to examination by the State of Michigan. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ estimate of the potential outcome for any uncertain tax issue is highly judgmental. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that their accrued tax liabilities at December 31, 2017 were adequate for all years. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Income Taxes | 14: Income Taxes CMS Energy and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as a Michigan Corporate Income Tax return for the unitary business group and various other state unitary group combined income tax returns. Income taxes are allocated based on each company’s separate taxable income in accordance with the CMS Energy tax sharing agreement. In December 2017, President Trump signed the TCJA, which changed existing federal tax law and included numerous provisions that affect businesses. Provisions significantly impacting CMS Energy and Consumers include: · Reduction of the corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent · Repeal of the alternative minimum tax along with a provision requiring companies to recover alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards over the next four years · Limitation on the use of net operating loss carryforwards arising after December 31, 2017 to 80 percent of a company’s taxable income with an indefinite carryforward · A provision allowing companies to expense 100 percent of the cost of certain property when placed in service · Limitation on the deduction for net interest expense to 30 percent of adjusted taxable income · A requirement to use a normalization method of accounting for excess tax reserves associated with public utility property As a rate-regulated utility, Consumers is excluded from certain provisions of the TCJA, including those allowing companies to expense 100 percent of the cost of certain property acquired after September 27, 2017 and limiting the amount companies may deduct for net interest expense. Substantially all of the tax law changes enacted by the TCJA are effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Under GAAP (ASC 740), however, companies must recognize the effects of a tax law change in the period of enactment. The staff of the SEC issued guidance in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 that clarifies accounting for income taxes under ASC 740 if information is not yet available or complete and provides for up to a one-year period in which to complete the required analyses and accounting for the impacts of the TCJA . CMS Energy and Consumers have made reasonable estimates in measuring and accounting for the effects of the TCJA, which have been reflected in the December 31, 2017 financial statements. Given expected changes to U.S. Treasury regulations, interpretations of the TCJA by the U.S. Treasury, interpretations of the application of ASC 740, and the companies’ analysis of their historical records, these estimates could change. Presented in the following table is the difference between actual income tax expense on continuing operations and income tax expense computed by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate: In Millions, Except Tax Rate Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 886 $ 826 $ 796 Income tax expense at statutory rate 310 289 279 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 148 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 26 37 39 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (7) - Other, net (15) (7) (8) Income tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Effective tax rate 47.9 % 33.1 % 34.0 % Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 971 $ 936 $ 896 Income tax expense at statutory rate 340 328 314 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 33 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 30 44 42 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (6) - Other, net (19) (7) (15) Income tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 Effective tax rate 34.9 % 34.2 % 33.7 % 1 In September 2017, CMS Energy completed the evaluation of its methodology for the state apportionment of Consumers’ electricity sales to MISO, taking into account recent state tax law developments in the electric utility sector. As a result, CMS Energy intends to amend state income tax filings for 2013 through 2016 to seek a refund of taxes previously paid. To recognize the anticipated refund and the impact of the expected lower effective tax rate on their deferred state tax liabilities, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recorded a $14 million income tax benefit in 2017. The $14 million income tax benefit was net of reserves for uncertain tax positions and primarily attributable to Consumers. 2 In 2013, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to accelerate the flow-through to electric and gas customers of certain income tax benefits associated primarily with the cost of removal of plant placed in service before 1993. Consumers implemented this regulatory treatment beginning in 2014. This change, which also accelerates Consumers’ recognition of the income tax benefits, reduced Consumers’ income tax expense by $39 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 . Presented in the following table are the significant components of income tax expense on continuing operations: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ - $ - $ - State and local 6 9 24 $ 6 $ 9 $ 24 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 368 $ 200 $ 192 State and local 36 47 36 $ 404 $ 247 $ 228 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ 159 $ 9 $ 66 State and local 17 22 32 $ 176 $ 31 $ 98 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 120 $ 227 $ 153 State and local 29 45 32 $ 149 $ 272 $ 185 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 At CMS Energy, including Consumers, the impact of the TCJA was a $148 million increase in deferred income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017. At Consumers, the impact was a $33 million increase in deferred income tax expense. The TCJA had no impact on current income tax expense. Presented in the following table are the principal components of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) recognized: In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Deferred income tax assets Tax loss and credit carryforwards $ 453 $ 871 Net regulatory tax liability 411 27 Reserves and accruals 40 69 Total deferred income tax assets $ 904 $ 967 Valuation allowance (15) (5) Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves $ 889 $ 962 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,891) $ (2,902) Employee benefits (96) (158) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (63) (6) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,158) $ (3,249) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,269) $ (2,287) Consumers Deferred income tax assets Net regulatory tax liability $ 411 $ 27 Tax loss and credit carryforwards 101 190 Reserves and accruals 21 37 Total deferred income tax assets $ 533 $ 254 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,901) $ (2,924) Employee benefits (105) (181) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (59) (8) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,173) $ (3,296) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,640) $ (3,042) Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax effect of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and the reported amounts on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2017, CMS Energy and Consumers remeasured their deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances using the 21 percent federal tax rate enacted in the TCJA. To reflect the lower corporate tax rate, Consumers reduced its net deferred tax liabilities associated with its utility book-tax temporary differences by $1.6 billion. Of this amount , Consumers recognized deferred tax expense of $33 million related to non-recoverable net deferred tax assets, with the remaining amount being recorded as a net regulatory tax liability. Presented in the following table are the components of the net regulatory tax liability recorded at Consumers related to the TCJA : In Millions December 31 2017 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment (subject to normalization 1 ) $ 1,781 All other, net (not subject to normalization 1 ) (193) Net regulatory tax liability $ 1,588 1 Relates to deferred taxes arising from accelerated tax depreciation on assets in rate base that are governed by normalization provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. These normalization provisions generally require that customer rate refunds associated with changes in deferred taxes be returned to customers over the remaining average service life of the associated assets. Consumers will collect from customers the portion not subject to normalization over a period to be determined in a future regulatory proceeding. Consumers cannot predict the impact of orders from the MPSC related to the treatment of regulatory balances not subject to amortization. In addition to the amounts recorded at Consumers, CMS Energy reduced its net deferred tax assets associated with its non-utility book-tax temporary differences by $239 million. In total, CMS Energy, including Consumers, reduced its net deferred tax liabilities by $1.3 billion. Presented in the following table are the tax loss and credit carryforwards at December 31, 2017 : In Millions Gross Amount Tax Attribute Expiration CMS Energy, including Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 855 $ 179 2028 – 2036 Local net operating loss carryforwards 487 5 2023 – 2036 Alternative minimum tax credits 137 137 Not applicable General business credits 130 130 2018 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 453 Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 309 $ 65 2028 – 2036 General business credits 34 34 2032 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 101 CMS Energy has provided a valuation allowance of $ 2 million for the local tax loss carryforward, and $3 million for general business credits. The TCJA repealed the corporate alternative minimum tax and requires companies to recover (through offsets of regular tax and through cash refunds) all alternative minimum tax credits over the next four years. To reflect policy enacted by the federal Budget Control Act of 2011 , CMS Energy has provided a valuation allowance of $10 million for sequestration of cash refunds of alternative minimum tax credits. Additionally, at December 31, 2017, CMS Energy reclassified $124 million of alternative minimum tax credits to a current receivable, net of a charge of $9 million for sequestration. CMS Energy and Consumers expect to utilize fully their tax loss and credit carryforwards for which no valuation allowance has been provided. It is reasonably possible that further adjustments will be made to the valuation allowances within one year. Presented in the following table is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax benefits: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 10 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 14 $ 5 $ 6 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 17 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 21 $ 5 $ 6 If recognized, all of these uncertain tax benefits would affect CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ annual effective tax rates in fu ture years. CMS Energy and Consumers recognize accrued interest and penalties, where applicable, as part of income tax expense. CMS Energy, including Consumers, recognized no interest or penalties for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , or 2015 . The amount of income taxes paid is subject to ongoing audits by federal, state, local, and foreign tax authorities, which can result in proposed assessments. CMS Energy’s federal income tax returns for 2014 and subsequent years remain subject to examination by the IRS. CMS Energy’s Michigan Corporate Income Tax and Michigan Business Tax returns for 2008 and subsequent years, excluding 2012, remain subject to examination by the State of Michigan. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ estimate of the potential outcome for any uncertain tax issue is highly judgmental. CMS Energy and Consumers believe that their accrued tax liabilities at December 31, 2017 were adequate for all years. |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy [Abstract] | |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy | 15: Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy Presented in the following table are CMS Energy’s basic and diluted EPS computations based on net income: In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Income available to common stockholders Net income $ 462 $ 553 $ 525 Less income attributable to noncontrolling interests 2 2 2 Net income available to common stockholders – basic and diluted $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Average common shares outstanding Weighted-average shares – basic 280.0 277.9 275.6 Add dilutive nonvested stock awards 0.8 1.0 0.9 Weighted-average shares – diluted 280.8 278.9 276.5 Net income per average common share available to common stockholders Basic $ 1.64 $ 1.99 $ 1.90 Diluted 1.64 1.98 1.89 Dividends declared per common share $ 1.33 $ 1.24 $ 1.16 Nonvested Stock Awards CMS Energy’s nonvested stock awards are composed of participating and non ‑participating securities. The participating securities accrue cash dividends when common stockholders receive dividends. Since the recipient is not required to return the dividends to CMS Energy if the recipient forfeits the award, the nonvested stock awards are considered participating securities. As such, the participating nonvested stock awards were included in the computation of basic EPS. The non ‑participating securities accrue stock dividends that vest concurrently with the stock award. If the recipient forfeits the award, the stock dividends accrued on the non ‑participating securities are also forfeited. Accordingly, the non ‑participating awards and stock dividends were included in the computation of diluted EPS, but not basic EPS. |
Other Income and Other Expense
Other Income and Other Expense | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Other Income and Other Expense | 16: O ther I ncome and O ther E xpense P resented in the following table are the components of other income and other expense at CMS Energy and Consumers: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other income Fee income $ - $ 6 $ 9 All other 6 2 1 Total other income – CMS Energy $ 6 $ 8 $ 10 Consumers Other income Gain on CMS Energy common stock $ 14 $ - $ 9 Fee income - 6 9 All other 3 2 1 Total other income – Consumers $ 17 $ 8 $ 19 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Loss on reacquired and extinguished debt (18) (18) - Unrealized investment loss - (5) - All other - (8) (6) Total other expense – CMS Energy $ (76) $ (75) $ (17) Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Unrealized investment loss - (4) - All other - (7) (6) Total other expense – Consumers $ (58) $ (55) $ (17) |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Other Income and Other Expense | 16: O ther I ncome and O ther E xpense P resented in the following table are the components of other income and other expense at CMS Energy and Consumers: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other income Fee income $ - $ 6 $ 9 All other 6 2 1 Total other income – CMS Energy $ 6 $ 8 $ 10 Consumers Other income Gain on CMS Energy common stock $ 14 $ - $ 9 Fee income - 6 9 All other 3 2 1 Total other income – Consumers $ 17 $ 8 $ 19 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Loss on reacquired and extinguished debt (18) (18) - Unrealized investment loss - (5) - All other - (8) (6) Total other expense – CMS Energy $ (76) $ (75) $ (17) Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Unrealized investment loss - (4) - All other - (7) (6) Total other expense – Consumers $ (58) $ (55) $ (17) |
Cash And Cash Equivalents
Cash And Cash Equivalents | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Cash And Cash Equivalents | 17: Cash and Cash Equivalents Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets : In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 182 $ 235 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 5 3 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 204 $ 257 Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 44 $ 131 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 4 2 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 65 $ 152 Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal rail cars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year. Other Non-c urrent Assets: The cash equivalents classified as other non ‑ current assets represent an investment in a money market fund held in the DB SERP rabbi trust. See Note 6, Fair Value Measurements and Note 12, Retirement Benefits for more information regarding the DB SERP. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Cash And Cash Equivalents | 17: Cash and Cash Equivalents Presented in the following table are the components of total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts, and their location on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets : In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 182 $ 235 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 5 3 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 204 $ 257 Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 44 $ 131 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 4 2 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 65 $ 152 Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal rail cars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year. Other Non-c urrent Assets: The cash equivalents classified as other non ‑ current assets represent an investment in a money market fund held in the DB SERP rabbi trust. See Note 6, Fair Value Measurements and Note 12, Retirement Benefits for more information regarding the DB SERP. |
Reportable Segments
Reportable Segments | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Reportable Segments | 18 : R eportable Segments Reportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders. Accounting policies for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ segments are as described in Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies. The consolidated financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of the individual segments when appropriate. Accounts are allocated among the segments when common accounts are attributable to more than one segment. The allocations are based on certain measures of business activities, such as revenue, labor dollars, customers, other operati n g and maintenance expense, construction expense, leased property, taxes, or functional surveys. For example, customer receivables are allocated based on revenue, and pension provisions are allocated based on labor dollars. Inter-segment sales and transfers are accounted for at current market prices and are eliminated in consolidated net income available to common stockholders by segment. CMS Energy The reportable segments for CMS Energy are: · electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity in Michigan · gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the transportation, storage, and distribution of natural gas in Michigan · enterprises, consisting of v arious subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power product ion, the marketing of independent power production, and the development of renewable generation CMS Energy presents EnerBank , corporate interest and other expenses , and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items. Consumers The reportable segments for Consumers are: · electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity in Michigan · gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the transportation, storage, and distribu tion of natural gas in Michigan Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items. Presented in the following tables is financial information by reportable segment: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Enterprises 229 215 190 Other reconciling items 132 120 101 Total operating revenue – CMS Energy $ 6,583 $ 6,399 $ 6,456 Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Total operating revenue – Consumers $ 6,222 $ 6,064 $ 6,165 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Enterprises 6 5 4 Other reconciling items 3 3 2 Total depreciation and amortization – CMS Energy $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Total depreciation and amortization – Consumers $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 Total income from equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 CMS Energy, including Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Enterprises - 1 - Other reconciling items 163 166 147 Total interest charges – CMS Energy $ 438 $ 435 $ 396 Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Other reconciling items 1 - 1 Total interest charges – Consumers $ 276 $ 268 $ 250 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Enterprises 72 10 3 Other reconciling items 11 (57) (34) Total income tax expense – CMS Energy $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Other reconciling items (2) - - Total income tax expense – Consumers $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net income (loss) available to common stockholders Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Enterprises (27) 17 4 Other reconciling items (141) (79) (72) Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Consumers Net income available to common stockholder Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Other reconciling items 2 1 1 Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers $ 630 $ 614 $ 592 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Enterprises 167 157 120 Other reconciling items 38 30 41 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy $ 22,506 $ 21,010 $ 18,943 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Other reconciling items 17 15 15 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers $ 22,318 $ 20,838 $ 18,797 CMS Energy, including Consumers Investments in equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 64 $ 62 $ 61 Other reconciling items - 3 3 Total investments in equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 64 $ 65 $ 64 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,906 $ 13,429 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Enterprises 342 269 270 Other reconciling items 1,663 1,478 1,457 Total assets – CMS Energy $ 23,050 $ 21,622 $ 20,299 Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,907 $ 13,430 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Other reconciling items 53 70 63 Total assets – Consumers $ 21,099 $ 19,946 $ 18,635 CMS Energy, including Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Enterprises 33 10 44 Other reconciling items 7 5 3 Total capital expenditures – CMS Energy $ 1,722 $ 1,633 $ 1,741 Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Other reconciling items 1 - - Total capital expenditures – Consumers $ 1,683 $ 1,618 $ 1,694 1 Consumers had no significant equity method investments. 2 Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. 3 Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers’ capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Reportable Segments | 18 : R eportable Segments Reportable segments consist of business units defined by the products and services they offer. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate the performance of each segment based on its contribution to net income available to CMS Energy’s common stockholders. Accounting policies for CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ segments are as described in Note 1, Significant Accounting Policies. The consolidated financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of the individual segments when appropriate. Accounts are allocated among the segments when common accounts are attributable to more than one segment. The allocations are based on certain measures of business activities, such as revenue, labor dollars, customers, other operati n g and maintenance expense, construction expense, leased property, taxes, or functional surveys. For example, customer receivables are allocated based on revenue, and pension provisions are allocated based on labor dollars. Inter-segment sales and transfers are accounted for at current market prices and are eliminated in consolidated net income available to common stockholders by segment. CMS Energy The reportable segments for CMS Energy are: · electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity in Michigan · gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the transportation, storage, and distribution of natural gas in Michigan · enterprises, consisting of v arious subsidiaries engaging in domestic independent power product ion, the marketing of independent power production, and the development of renewable generation CMS Energy presents EnerBank , corporate interest and other expenses , and Consumers’ other consolidated entities within other reconciling items. Consumers The reportable segments for Consumers are: · electric utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity in Michigan · gas utility, consisting of regulated activities associated with the transportation, storage, and distribu tion of natural gas in Michigan Consumers’ other consolidated entities are presented within other reconciling items. Presented in the following tables is financial information by reportable segment: In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Enterprises 229 215 190 Other reconciling items 132 120 101 Total operating revenue – CMS Energy $ 6,583 $ 6,399 $ 6,456 Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Total operating revenue – Consumers $ 6,222 $ 6,064 $ 6,165 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Enterprises 6 5 4 Other reconciling items 3 3 2 Total depreciation and amortization – CMS Energy $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Total depreciation and amortization – Consumers $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 Total income from equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 CMS Energy, including Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Enterprises - 1 - Other reconciling items 163 166 147 Total interest charges – CMS Energy $ 438 $ 435 $ 396 Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Other reconciling items 1 - 1 Total interest charges – Consumers $ 276 $ 268 $ 250 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Enterprises 72 10 3 Other reconciling items 11 (57) (34) Total income tax expense – CMS Energy $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Other reconciling items (2) - - Total income tax expense – Consumers $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net income (loss) available to common stockholders Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Enterprises (27) 17 4 Other reconciling items (141) (79) (72) Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Consumers Net income available to common stockholder Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Other reconciling items 2 1 1 Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers $ 630 $ 614 $ 592 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Enterprises 167 157 120 Other reconciling items 38 30 41 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy $ 22,506 $ 21,010 $ 18,943 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Other reconciling items 17 15 15 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers $ 22,318 $ 20,838 $ 18,797 CMS Energy, including Consumers Investments in equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 64 $ 62 $ 61 Other reconciling items - 3 3 Total investments in equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 64 $ 65 $ 64 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,906 $ 13,429 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Enterprises 342 269 270 Other reconciling items 1,663 1,478 1,457 Total assets – CMS Energy $ 23,050 $ 21,622 $ 20,299 Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,907 $ 13,430 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Other reconciling items 53 70 63 Total assets – Consumers $ 21,099 $ 19,946 $ 18,635 CMS Energy, including Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Enterprises 33 10 44 Other reconciling items 7 5 3 Total capital expenditures – CMS Energy $ 1,722 $ 1,633 $ 1,741 Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Other reconciling items 1 - - Total capital expenditures – Consumers $ 1,683 $ 1,618 $ 1,694 1 Consumers had no significant equity method investments. 2 Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. 3 Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers’ capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Related Party Transactions - Co
Related Party Transactions - Consumers | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Related Party Transactions - Consumers | 19 : R elated -P arty T ransactions —C onsumers Consumers enters into a number of transactions with related parties. These transactions include: · purchases of electricity from affiliates of CMS Enterprises · payments to and from CMS Energy related to parent company overhead costs · investment in CMS Energy common stock Transactions involving power supply purchases from certain affiliates of CMS Enterprises are based on avoided costs under PURPA , state law, and competitive bidding. The payment of parent company overhead costs is based on the use of accepted industry allocation methodologies. These payments are for costs that occur in the normal course of business. Presented in the following table is Consumers ’ expense recorded from related- party transactions for the years ended December 31: In Millions Description Related Party 2017 2016 2015 Purchases of capacity and energy Affiliates of CMS Enterprises $ 90 $ 88 $ 83 Amounts payable to related parties for purchased power and other services were $27 million at December 31, 2017 and $24 million at December 31, 2016 . Accounts receivable from related parties were $2 million at December 31, 2017 and $9 million at December 31, 2016 . Consumers owned shares of CMS Energy common stock with a fair value of $21 million at December 31, 2017 and $ 33 million at December 31, 2016 . For additional details on Consumers’ investment in CMS Energy common stock, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. In January 201 8 , Consumers renewed a short-term credit agreement with CMS Energy, permitting Consumers to borrow up to $300 million. At December 31, 2017 , there were no outstanding loans under the agreement. |
Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract] | |
Variable Interest Entities | 20 : V ariable I nterest E ntities CMS Energy has variable interests in T .E.S. Filer City, Grayling, Genesee , and Craven . CMS Energy is not the primary beneficiary of any of these partnerships because decision making is shared among unrelated parties , and no one party has the ability to direct activities, such as operations and maintenance, plant dispatch, and fuel strategy, that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance. The partners must agree on all major decisions for each of the partnerships. Presented in the following table is information about these partnerships: Name (Ownership Interest) Nature of the Entity Financing of Partnership T.E.S. Filer City ( 50% ) Coal-fueled power generator Line of credit secured by T.E.S. Filer City’s coal inventory Grayling ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator The partnership has no debt. Genesee ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator Sale of revenue bonds that mature in 2021 and bear interest at fixed rates. The debt is non-recourse to the partners and secured by a CMS Energy guarantee capped at $3 million annually. Craven ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator Line of credit secured by Craven’s property, plant, and equipment CMS Energy has operating and management contracts with Grayling, Genesee, and Craven. Additionally, Consumers is the primary purchaser of power from T.E.S. Filer City, Grayling, and Genesee through long-term PPAs. Consumers also has reduced dispatch agreements with Grayling and Genesee, which allow these facilities to be dispatched based on the market price of power compared with the cost of production of the plants. This results in fuel cost savings that each partnership shares with Consumers’ customers. CMS Energy’s investment in these partnerships is included in investments on its consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $64 million as of December 31, 2017 and $ 62 million as of December 31, 2016 . The creditors of these partnerships do not have recourse to the general credit of CMS Energy or Consumers, except through a guarantee provided by CMS Energy of $ 3 million annually. CMS Energy has deferred collections on certain receivables owed by Genesee. CMS Energy’s maximum exposure to loss from these receivables is $9 million. Consumers has not provided any financial or other support during the periods presented that was not previously contractually required. |
Quarterly Financial And Common
Quarterly Financial And Common Stock Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Quarterly Financial and Common Stock Information | 2 1 : Q uarterly Financial and Common Stock Information (Unaudited) In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2017 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,829 $ 1,449 $ 1,527 $ 1,778 Operating income 388 241 330 379 Net income (loss) 199 93 172 (2) Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income (loss) available to common stockholders 199 92 172 (3) Basic earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Diluted earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Common stock prices 2 High 45.28 48.25 49.10 50.55 Low 41.51 44.82 45.57 45.97 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,737 $ 1,362 $ 1,437 $ 1,686 Operating income 359 222 308 363 Net income 211 104 181 136 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 211 103 181 135 In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2016 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,801 $ 1,371 $ 1,587 $ 1,640 Operating income 3 326 275 375 280 Net income 164 125 186 78 Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholders 164 124 186 77 Basic earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Diluted earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Common stock prices 2 High 42.44 45.86 46.17 42.15 Low 35.61 39.38 41.31 39.49 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,723 $ 1,293 $ 1,498 $ 1,550 Operating income 3 308 254 356 279 Net income 172 132 195 117 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 172 131 195 116 1 The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. 2 Based on New York Stock Exchange composite transactions. 3 Prior period amounts have been adjusted as required to reflect the implementation of ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost . For further details on the adoption of this standard, see Note 2, New Accounting Standards. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Quarterly Financial and Common Stock Information | 2 1 : Q uarterly Financial and Common Stock Information (Unaudited) In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2017 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,829 $ 1,449 $ 1,527 $ 1,778 Operating income 388 241 330 379 Net income (loss) 199 93 172 (2) Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income (loss) available to common stockholders 199 92 172 (3) Basic earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Diluted earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Common stock prices 2 High 45.28 48.25 49.10 50.55 Low 41.51 44.82 45.57 45.97 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,737 $ 1,362 $ 1,437 $ 1,686 Operating income 359 222 308 363 Net income 211 104 181 136 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 211 103 181 135 In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2016 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,801 $ 1,371 $ 1,587 $ 1,640 Operating income 3 326 275 375 280 Net income 164 125 186 78 Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholders 164 124 186 77 Basic earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Diluted earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Common stock prices 2 High 42.44 45.86 46.17 42.15 Low 35.61 39.38 41.31 39.49 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,723 $ 1,293 $ 1,498 $ 1,550 Operating income 3 308 254 356 279 Net income 172 132 195 117 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 172 131 195 116 1 The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. 2 Based on New York Stock Exchange composite transactions. 3 Prior period amounts have been adjusted as required to reflect the implementation of ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost . For further details on the adoption of this standard, see Note 2, New Accounting Standards. |
Schedule I - Condensed Financia
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant [Abstract] | |
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant | Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant CMS Energy—Parent Company Condensed Statements of Income In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Operating Expenses Other operating expenses $ (9) $ (14) $ (8) Total operating expenses (9) (14) (8) Operating Loss (9) (14) (8) Other Income (Expense) Equity earnings of subsidiaries 633 660 625 Nonoperating retirement benefits, net (1) (1) (1) Interest income 1 1 1 Other income 2 - - Other expense (31) (19) (9) Total other income 604 641 616 Interest Charges Interest on long-term debt 143 150 134 Intercompany interest expense and other 3 1 3 Total interest charges 146 151 137 Income Before Income Taxes 449 476 471 Income Tax Benefit (11) (75) (52) Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Continued) CMS Energy—Parent Company Condensed Statements of Cash Flows In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Cash Flows from Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities $ 433 $ 422 $ 209 Cash Flows from Investing Activities Investment in subsidiaries (447) (275) (150) Net cash used in investing activities (447) (275) (150) Cash Flows from Financing Activities Proceeds from issuance of debt 799 603 349 Issuance of common stock 83 72 43 Retirement of long-term debt (425) (530) (100) Debt prepayment costs (18) (18) - Payment of dividends on common stock (375) (345) (320) Debt issuance costs and financing fees (3) (5) (3) Change in notes payable (47) 76 (28) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 14 (147) (59) Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts - - - Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period - - - Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period $ - $ - $ - The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Continued) CMS Energy—Parent Company Condensed Balance Sheets ASSETS In Millions December 31 2017 2016 Current Assets Notes and accrued interest receivable $ 5 $ 2 Accounts receivable, including intercompany and related parties 7 7 Federal income tax receivable 77 - Accrued taxes 57 51 Prepayments and other current assets 1 1 Total current assets 147 61 Other Non-current Assets Notes receivable - 3 Deferred income taxes 269 366 Investments in subsidiaries 7,202 6,674 Other investments – DB SERP 25 26 Other 2 4 Total other non-current assets 7,498 7,073 Total Assets $ 7,645 $ 7,134 LIABILITIES AND EQUITY In Millions December 31 2017 2016 Current Liabilities Current portion of long-term debt $ 225 $ - Accounts and notes payable, including intercompany and related parties 87 141 Accrued interest, including intercompany 34 28 Other current liabilities 5 10 Total current liabilities 351 179 Non-current Liabilities Long-term debt 2,830 2,678 Postretirement benefits 21 21 Other non-current liabilities 2 3 Total non-current liabilities 2,853 2,702 Equity Common stockholders’ equity 4,441 4,253 Total Liabilities and Equity $ 7,645 $ 7,134 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Continued) CMS Energy—Parent Company Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements 1: Basis of Presentation CMS Energy’s condensed financial statements have been prepared on a parent-only basis. In accordance with Rule 12 ‑04 of Regulation S ‑X, these parent-only financial statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements, and therefore these parent-only financial statements and other information included should be read in conjunction with CMS Energy’s audited consolidated financial statements contained within Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 2: Guarantees CMS Energy has issued guarantees with a maximum potential obligation of $ 334 million on behalf of some of its wholly owned subsidiaries and related parties. CMS Energy’s maximum potential obligation consists primarily of potential payments: · to third parties under certain commodity purchase and swap agreements entered into with CMS ERM · to third parties in support of non ‑recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee · to the MDEQ on behalf of CMS Land and CMS Capital, for environmental remediation obligations at Bay Harbor · to the U.S. Department of Energy on behalf of Consumers, in connection with Consumers’ 2011 settlement agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers The expiry dates of these guarantees vary, depending upon contractual provisions or upon the statute of limitations under the relevant governing law. |
Schedule II - Valuation and Qua
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves CMS Energy Corporation Years Ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 In Millions Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Expense Charged to Other Accounts Deductions Balance at End of Period Allowance for uncollectible accounts 1 2017 $ 24 $ 29 $ - $ 33 $ 20 2016 28 31 - 35 24 2015 40 50 - 62 28 Deferred tax valuation allowance 2017 $ 5 $ 10 $ - $ - $ 15 2016 4 1 - - 5 2015 2 3 (1) - 4 Allowance for notes receivable 1 2017 $ 16 $ 20 $ - $ 16 $ 20 2016 9 19 - 12 16 2015 8 8 - 7 9 1 Deductions represent write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries. Consumers Energy Company Years Ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 In Millions Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Expense Charged to Other Accounts Deductions Balance at End of Period Allowance for uncollectible accounts 1 2017 $ 24 $ 29 $ - $ 33 $ 20 2016 28 31 - 35 24 2015 39 50 - 61 28 Deferred tax valuation allowance 2017 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 2016 - - - - - 2015 1 - (1) - - 1 Deductions represent write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves CMS Energy Corporation Years Ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 In Millions Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Expense Charged to Other Accounts Deductions Balance at End of Period Allowance for uncollectible accounts 1 2017 $ 24 $ 29 $ - $ 33 $ 20 2016 28 31 - 35 24 2015 40 50 - 62 28 Deferred tax valuation allowance 2017 $ 5 $ 10 $ - $ - $ 15 2016 4 1 - - 5 2015 2 3 (1) - 4 Allowance for notes receivable 1 2017 $ 16 $ 20 $ - $ 16 $ 20 2016 9 19 - 12 16 2015 8 8 - 7 9 1 Deductions represent write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries. Consumers Energy Company Years Ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 In Millions Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Expense Charged to Other Accounts Deductions Balance at End of Period Allowance for uncollectible accounts 1 2017 $ 24 $ 29 $ - $ 33 $ 20 2016 28 31 - 35 24 2015 39 50 - 61 28 Deferred tax valuation allowance 2017 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - 2016 - - - - - 2015 1 - (1) - - 1 Deductions represent write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries. |
Significant Accounting Polici32
Significant Accounting Policies (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation: CMS Energy and Consumers prepare their consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. CMS Energy’s co nsolidated financial statements comprise CMS Energy, Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and all other entities in which CMS Energy has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Consumers’ consolidated financial statements comprise Consumers and all other entities in which it has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy uses the equity method of accounting for investments in companies and partnerships that are not consolidated, where they have significant influence over operations and financial policies but are not the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy and Consumers eliminate intercompany transactions and balances. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates : CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Revenue Recognition Policy - General | Revenue Recognition Policy: CMS Energy and Consumers recognize revenue from deliveries of electricity and natural gas, and from the transportation, processing, and storage of natural gas, when services are provided. CMS Energy and Consumers record unbilled revenue for the estimated amount of energy delivered to customers but not yet billed. CMS Energy and Consumers record sales tax net and exclude it from revenue. CMS Energy recognizes revenue on sales of marketed electricity, natural gas, and other energy products at delivery. |
Revenue Recognition Policy - Alternative-Revenue Programs | Alternative-Revenue Program: The energy waste reduction incentive mechanism provides a financial incentive if the energy savings of Consumers’ customers exceed annual targets established by the MPSC. The maximum incentive that Consumers may earn under this mechanism is 20 percent of the amount it spends on energy waste reduction programs. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing revenue related to the incentive as soon as energy savings exceed the annual targets established by the MPSC . |
Revenue Recognition Policy - Self-Implemented Rates | Self-Implemented Rates: The 2016 Energy Law, which bec a me effective in April 2017, eliminate d utilities’ self-implementation of rates under general rate cases, but provide d for more timely processing of general rate cases. Consumers filed an electric rate case in March 2017, prior to the effective date of that law, and as result wa s allowed to self-implement new energy rates in October 2017, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties . Consumers recognize d revenue associated with self-implemented rates , but recorded a provision for revenue subject to refund because it consider ed it probable that it would be required to refund a portion of its self-implemented rates. |
Revenue Recognition Policy - EnerBank | EnerBank: EnerBank provides four types of unsecured consumer installment loans: same-as-cash, zero interest, reduced interest, and traditional. Under EnerBank’s same-as-cash programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with the option to pay off the loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period. EnerBank recognizes the fee on a straight-line basis over the same-as-cash period, which typically ranges from three to 24 months. If a borrower does not exercise its option to pay off its loan interest-free during the same-as-cash period, EnerBank charges the borrower accrued interest at the loan’s contractual rate on the outstanding balance from the origination date. Under the zero interest and reduced interest programs, authorized contractors pay EnerBank a fee to provide a borrower with no interest or reduced rates of interest for the entire term of the loan. EnerBank recognizes the fee using the interest method over the term of the loan, which ranges from one to 12 years. Unearned income associated with the fees is recorded as a reduction to notes receivable on CMS Energy’s consolidated balance sheets. EnerBank recognizes interest income using the interest method and amortizes loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, over the loan term. EnerBank ceases recognizing interest income when a loan loss is confirmed or when a loan becomes 120 days past due, at which time the loan principal is charged against the allowance for loan losses. At that time, EnerBank recognizes any interest accrued but not received for such loan losses as a reversal of interest income. The loan fees and interest income earned by EnerBank are reported as operating revenue on CMS Energy’s consolidated statements of income. |
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost, which approximates fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers establish an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer trends, and other factors. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. CMS Energy and Consumers charge off accounts deemed uncollectible to operating expense. Unbilled r eceivables , which are recorded as accounts receivable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $481 million at December 31, 2017 and $361 million at December 31, 2016 . |
Contingencies | Contingencies: CMS Energy and Consumers record estimated liabilities for contingencies on their consolidated financial statements when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. For environmental remediation projects in which the timing of estimated expenditures is considered reliably determinable, CMS Energy and Consumers record the liability at its net present value, using a discount rate equal to the interest rate on monetary assets that are essentially risk-free and have maturities comparable to that of the environmental liability. CMS Energy and Consumers expense legal fees as incurred; fees incurred but not yet billed are accrued based on estimates of work performed. |
Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs | Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs: Upon the issuance of long-term debt, CMS Energy and Consumers defer issuance costs, discounts, and premiums and amortize those amounts over the terms of the associated debt. Debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of long-term debt on the balance sheet. Upon the refinancing of long-term debt, Consumers, as a regulated entity, defers any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with the refinanced debt and amortizes those amounts over the term of the newly issued debt. For the non ‑regulated portions of CMS Energy’s business, any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with extinguished debt are charged to earnings. |
Derivative Instruments | Derivative Instruments: In order to support ongoing operations, CMS Energy and Consumers enter into contracts for the future purchase and sale of various commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, and coal. These forward contracts are generally long-term in nature and result in physical delivery of the commodity at a contracted price. Most of these contracts are not subject to derivative accounting for one or more of the following reasons: · they do not have a notional amount (that is, a number of units specified in a derivative instrument, such as MWh of electricity or bcf of natural gas) · they qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception · there is not an active market for the commodity Consumers’ coal purchase contracts are not derivatives because there is not an active market for the coal it purchases. If an active market for coal develops in the future, some of these contracts may qualify as derivatives. Since Consumers is subject to regulatory accounting, the resulting fair value gains and losses would be deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities an d would not affect net income. Consumers also uses FTRs to manage price risk related to electricity transmission congestion. An FTR is a financial instrument that entitles its holder to receive compensation or requires its holder to remit payment for congestion-related transmission charges. Consumers accounts for FTRs as derivatives. All changes in fair value associated with FTRs are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities until the instruments are settled. CMS Energy and Consumers record derivative contracts that do not qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception at fair value on their consolidated balance sheets. Each reporting period, the resulting asset or liability is adjusted to reflect any change in the fair value of the contract. Since none of CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ derivatives has been designated as an accounting hedge, all changes in fair value are either reported in earnings or deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities. For details regarding CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivative instruments recorded at fair value, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share: CMS Energy calculates basic and diluted EPS using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common stock outstanding during the period. Potential common stock, for purposes of determining diluted EPS, includes the effects of nonvested stock awards and contingently convertible securities. CMS Energy computes the effect on potential common stock using the treasury stock method or the if ‑converted method, as applicable. Diluted EPS excludes the impact of antidilutive securities, which are those securities resulting in an increase in EPS or a decrease in loss per share. For EPS computations, see Note 15, Earnings Per Share—CMS Energy. |
Financial Instruments | Financial Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers record debt and equity securities classified as available for sale at fair value as determined from quoted market prices or other observable, market-based inputs. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these securities are determined on a specific-identification basis. CMS Energy and Consumers report unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of tax, in equity as part of AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary are reported in earnings. For additional details regarding financial instruments, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Equity Method Investments: CMS Energy and Consumers perform tests of impairment if certain triggering events occur or if there has been a decline in value that may be other than temporary. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate long-lived assets held in use for impairment by calculating the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount, CMS Energy and Consumers recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the fair value of the asset using quoted market prices, market prices of similar assets, or discounted future cash flow analyses. |
Impairment of Equity Method Investments | CMS Energy also assesses equity method investments for impairment whenever there has been a decline in value that is other than temporary. This assessment requires CMS Energy to determine the fair value of the equity method investment. CMS Energy determines fair value using valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flows, and assesses the ability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that justifies the carrying amount of the investment. CMS Energy records an impairment if the fair value is less than the carrying amount and the decline in value is considered to be other than temporary. |
Inventory - Gas and Coal | Inventory: CMS Energy and Consumers use the weighted-average cost method for valuing working gas, recoverable base gas in underground storage facilities, and materials and supplies inventory. CMS Energy and Consumers also use this method for valuing coal inventory, and they classify these amounts as generating plant fuel stock on their consolidated balance sheets. |
Inventory - RECs and Emission Allowances | CMS Energy and Consumers account for RECs and emission allowances as inventory and use the weighted-average cost method to remove amounts from inventory. RECs and emission allowances are used to satisfy compliance obligations related to the generation of power. CMS Energy and Consumers classify these amounts within other assets on their consolidated balance sheets. |
Inventory - Impairment | CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate inventory for impairment as required to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed the lower of cost or net realizable value. |
MISO Transactions | MISO Transactions: MISO requires the submission of hourly day-ahead and real-time bids and offers for energy at locations across the MISO region. CMS Energy and Consumers account for MISO transactions on a net hourly basis in each of the real-time and day-ahead markets, netted across all MISO energy market locations. CMS Energy and Consumers record net hourly purchases in purchased and interchange power and net hourly sales in operating revenue on their consolidated statements of income. They record net billing adjustments upon receipt of settlement statements, record accruals for future net purchases and sales adjustments based on historical experience, and reconcile accruals to actual expenses and sales upon receipt of settlement statements. |
Property Taxes | Property Taxes: Property taxes are based on the taxable value of Consumers’ real and personal property assessed by local taxing authorities. Consumers records property tax expense over the fiscal year of the taxing authority for which the taxes are levied. The deferred property tax balance represents the amount of Consumers’ accrued property tax that will be recognized over future governmental fiscal periods. |
Renewable Energy Grant | Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a renewable energy cash grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park under Section 1603 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009. Upon receipt of the grant, Consumers recorded a regulatory liability, which Consumers is amortizing over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers presents the amortization as a reduction to maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income. Consumers recorded the deferred income taxes related to the grant as a reduction of the book basis of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation: CMS Energy and Consumers prepare their consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. CMS Energy’s co nsolidated financial statements comprise CMS Energy, Consumers, CMS Enterprises, and all other entities in which CMS Energy has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Consumers’ consolidated financial statements comprise Consumers and all other entities in which it has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy uses the equity method of accounting for investments in companies and partnerships that are not consolidated, where they have significant influence over operations and financial policies but are not the primary beneficiary. CMS Energy and Consumers eliminate intercompany transactions and balances. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates : CMS Energy and Consumers are required to make estimates using assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Revenue Recognition Policy - General | Revenue Recognition Policy: CMS Energy and Consumers recognize revenue from deliveries of electricity and natural gas, and from the transportation, processing, and storage of natural gas, when services are provided. CMS Energy and Consumers record unbilled revenue for the estimated amount of energy delivered to customers but not yet billed. CMS Energy and Consumers record sales tax net and exclude it from revenue. CMS Energy recognizes revenue on sales of marketed electricity, natural gas, and other energy products at delivery. |
Revenue Recognition Policy - Alternative-Revenue Programs | Alternative-Revenue Program: The energy waste reduction incentive mechanism provides a financial incentive if the energy savings of Consumers’ customers exceed annual targets established by the MPSC. The maximum incentive that Consumers may earn under this mechanism is 20 percent of the amount it spends on energy waste reduction programs. Consumers accounts for this program as an alternative-revenue program that meets the criteria for recognizing revenue related to the incentive as soon as energy savings exceed the annual targets established by the MPSC . |
Revenue Recognition Policy - Self-Implemented Rates | Self-Implemented Rates: The 2016 Energy Law, which bec a me effective in April 2017, eliminate d utilities’ self-implementation of rates under general rate cases, but provide d for more timely processing of general rate cases. Consumers filed an electric rate case in March 2017, prior to the effective date of that law, and as result wa s allowed to self-implement new energy rates in October 2017, subject to refund with interest and potential penalties . Consumers recognize d revenue associated with self-implemented rates , but recorded a provision for revenue subject to refund because it consider ed it probable that it would be required to refund a portion of its self-implemented rates. |
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable: Accounts receivable comprise trade receivables and unbilled receivables. CMS Energy and Consumers record their accounts receivable at cost, which approximates fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers establish an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on historical losses, management’s assessment of existing economic conditions, customer trends, and other factors. CMS Energy and Consumers assess late payment fees on trade receivables based on contractual past-due terms established with customers. CMS Energy and Consumers charge off accounts deemed uncollectible to operating expense. Unbilled r eceivables , which are recorded as accounts receivable on CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ consolidated balance sheets, were $481 million at December 31, 2017 and $361 million at December 31, 2016 . |
Contingencies | Contingencies: CMS Energy and Consumers record estimated liabilities for contingencies on their consolidated financial statements when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. For environmental remediation projects in which the timing of estimated expenditures is considered reliably determinable, CMS Energy and Consumers record the liability at its net present value, using a discount rate equal to the interest rate on monetary assets that are essentially risk-free and have maturities comparable to that of the environmental liability. CMS Energy and Consumers expense legal fees as incurred; fees incurred but not yet billed are accrued based on estimates of work performed. |
Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs | Debt Issuance Costs, Discounts, Premiums, and Refinancing Costs: Upon the issuance of long-term debt, CMS Energy and Consumers defer issuance costs, discounts, and premiums and amortize those amounts over the terms of the associated debt. Debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of long-term debt on the balance sheet. Upon the refinancing of long-term debt, Consumers, as a regulated entity, defers any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with the refinanced debt and amortizes those amounts over the term of the newly issued debt. For the non ‑regulated portions of CMS Energy’s business, any remaining unamortized issuance costs, discounts, and premiums associated with extinguished debt are charged to earnings. |
Derivative Instruments | Derivative Instruments: In order to support ongoing operations, CMS Energy and Consumers enter into contracts for the future purchase and sale of various commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, and coal. These forward contracts are generally long-term in nature and result in physical delivery of the commodity at a contracted price. Most of these contracts are not subject to derivative accounting for one or more of the following reasons: · they do not have a notional amount (that is, a number of units specified in a derivative instrument, such as MWh of electricity or bcf of natural gas) · they qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception · there is not an active market for the commodity Consumers’ coal purchase contracts are not derivatives because there is not an active market for the coal it purchases. If an active market for coal develops in the future, some of these contracts may qualify as derivatives. Since Consumers is subject to regulatory accounting, the resulting fair value gains and losses would be deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities an d would not affect net income. Consumers also uses FTRs to manage price risk related to electricity transmission congestion. An FTR is a financial instrument that entitles its holder to receive compensation or requires its holder to remit payment for congestion-related transmission charges. Consumers accounts for FTRs as derivatives. All changes in fair value associated with FTRs are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities until the instruments are settled. CMS Energy and Consumers record derivative contracts that do not qualify for the normal purchases and sales exception at fair value on their consolidated balance sheets. Each reporting period, the resulting asset or liability is adjusted to reflect any change in the fair value of the contract. Since none of CMS Energy’s or Consumers’ derivatives has been designated as an accounting hedge, all changes in fair value are either reported in earnings or deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities. For details regarding CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ derivative instruments recorded at fair value, see Note 6, Fair Value Measurements. |
Financial Instruments | Financial Instruments: CMS Energy and Consumers record debt and equity securities classified as available for sale at fair value as determined from quoted market prices or other observable, market-based inputs. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these securities are determined on a specific-identification basis. CMS Energy and Consumers report unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of tax, in equity as part of AOCI, except that unrealized losses determined to be other than temporary are reported in earnings. For additional details regarding financial instruments, see Note 7, Financial Instruments. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Equity Method Investments: CMS Energy and Consumers perform tests of impairment if certain triggering events occur or if there has been a decline in value that may be other than temporary. CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate long-lived assets held in use for impairment by calculating the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount, CMS Energy and Consumers recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. CMS Energy and Consumers estimate the fair value of the asset using quoted market prices, market prices of similar assets, or discounted future cash flow analyses. |
Inventory - Gas and Coal | Inventory: CMS Energy and Consumers use the weighted-average cost method for valuing working gas, recoverable base gas in underground storage facilities, and materials and supplies inventory. CMS Energy and Consumers also use this method for valuing coal inventory, and they classify these amounts as generating plant fuel stock on their consolidated balance sheets. |
Inventory - RECs and Emission Allowances | CMS Energy and Consumers account for RECs and emission allowances as inventory and use the weighted-average cost method to remove amounts from inventory. RECs and emission allowances are used to satisfy compliance obligations related to the generation of power. CMS Energy and Consumers classify these amounts within other assets on their consolidated balance sheets. |
Inventory - Impairment | CMS Energy and Consumers evaluate inventory for impairment as required to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed the lower of cost or net realizable value. |
MISO Transactions | MISO Transactions: MISO requires the submission of hourly day-ahead and real-time bids and offers for energy at locations across the MISO region. CMS Energy and Consumers account for MISO transactions on a net hourly basis in each of the real-time and day-ahead markets, netted across all MISO energy market locations. CMS Energy and Consumers record net hourly purchases in purchased and interchange power and net hourly sales in operating revenue on their consolidated statements of income. They record net billing adjustments upon receipt of settlement statements, record accruals for future net purchases and sales adjustments based on historical experience, and reconcile accruals to actual expenses and sales upon receipt of settlement statements. |
Property Taxes | Property Taxes: Property taxes are based on the taxable value of Consumers’ real and personal property assessed by local taxing authorities. Consumers records property tax expense over the fiscal year of the taxing authority for which the taxes are levied. The deferred property tax balance represents the amount of Consumers’ accrued property tax that will be recognized over future governmental fiscal periods. |
Renewable Energy Grant | Renewable Energy Grant: In 2013, Consumers received a renewable energy cash grant for Lake Winds ® Energy Park under Section 1603 of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Tax Act of 2009. Upon receipt of the grant, Consumers recorded a regulatory liability, which Consumers is amortizing over the life of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. Consumers presents the amortization as a reduction to maintenance and other operating expenses on its consolidated statements of income. Consumers recorded the deferred income taxes related to the grant as a reduction of the book basis of Lake Winds ® Energy Park. |
Notes Receivable (Policy)
Notes Receivable (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Notes Receivable [Abstract] | |
Allowance For Loan Losses Policy | Unearned income associated with loan fees was $84 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Unearned income associated with loan fees for notes receivable held for sale was $8 million at December 31, 2016 . The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance to reflect estimated credit losses. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by loan charge-offs net of recoveries. Management estimates the allowance balance required by taking into consideration historical loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, economic conditions, and other factors. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the loss is confirmed, but no later than the point at which a loan becomes 120 days past due. |
Asset Retirement Obligations (P
Asset Retirement Obligations (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Asset Retirement Obligations Policy | CMS Energy and Consumers record the fair value of the cost to remove assets at the end of their useful lives, if there is a l egal obligation to remove them. If a reasonable estimate of fair value cannot be made in the period in which the ARO is incurred, such as for assets with indeterminate lives, the liability is recognized when a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. CMS Energy and Consumers have not recorded liabilities for assets that have i mmaterial cumulative disposal costs, such as substation batteries. CMS Energy and Consumers calculate the fair value of ARO liabilities using an expected present-value technique that reflects assumptions about costs and inflation, and uses a credit-adjusted risk-free rate to discount the expected cash flows. CMS Energy’s ARO liabilities are primarily at Consumers. As a regulated entity, Consumers defers the effects of any changes in assumptions on the fair values of its ARO liabilities, adjusting the associated regulatory assets or liabilities rather than recognizing such effects in earnings. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Asset Retirement Obligations Policy | CMS Energy and Consumers record the fair value of the cost to remove assets at the end of their useful lives, if there is a l egal obligation to remove them. If a reasonable estimate of fair value cannot be made in the period in which the ARO is incurred, such as for assets with indeterminate lives, the liability is recognized when a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. CMS Energy and Consumers have not recorded liabilities for assets that have i mmaterial cumulative disposal costs, such as substation batteries. CMS Energy and Consumers calculate the fair value of ARO liabilities using an expected present-value technique that reflects assumptions about costs and inflation, and uses a credit-adjusted risk-free rate to discount the expected cash flows. CMS Energy’s ARO liabilities are primarily at Consumers. As a regulated entity, Consumers defers the effects of any changes in assumptions on the fair values of its ARO liabilities, adjusting the associated regulatory assets or liabilities rather than recognizing such effects in earnings. |
Income Taxes (Policy)
Income Taxes (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Income Tax Policy | CMS Energy and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as a Michigan Corporate Income Tax return for the unitary business group and various other state unitary group combined income tax returns. Income taxes are allocated based on each company’s separate taxable income in accordance with the CMS Energy tax sharing agreement. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Income Tax Policy | CMS Energy and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return as well as a Michigan Corporate Income Tax return for the unitary business group and various other state unitary group combined income tax returns. Income taxes are allocated based on each company’s separate taxable income in accordance with the CMS Energy tax sharing agreement. |
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Poli
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Policy) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal rail cars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents | Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents: Restricted cash and cash equivalents are held primarily for the repayment of securitization bonds. Cash and cash equivalents may also be restricted to pay other contractual obligations such as leasing of coal rail cars. These amounts are classified as current assets since they relate to payments that could or will occur within one year. |
Regulatory Matters (Tables)
Regulatory Matters (Tables) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |
Schedule of Regulatory Assets and Liabilities | In Millions December 31 End of Recovery or Refund Period 2017 2016 Regulatory assets Current Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2018 $ 18 $ 17 Other 2018 2 - Total current regulatory assets $ 20 $ 17 Non-current Postretirement benefits 2 various $ 1,028 $ 1,373 Securitized costs 3 2029 298 323 ARO 4 various 161 166 MGP sites 4 various 142 139 Unamortized loss on reacquired debt 4 various 53 54 Energy waste reduction plan 4 various 39 1 Energy waste reduction plan incentive 1 2019 31 18 Gas storage inventory adjustments 4 various 10 14 Other various 2 3 Total non-current regulatory assets $ 1,764 $ 2,091 Total regulatory assets $ 1,784 $ 2,108 Regulatory liabilities Current Income taxes, net 2018 $ 52 $ 64 Other 2018 28 31 Total current regulatory liabilities $ 80 $ 95 Non-current Cost of removal various $ 1,844 $ 1,809 Income taxes, net various 1,564 7 Postretirement benefits various 135 - Renewable energy plan 2028 56 83 Renewable energy grant 2043 56 58 ARO various 50 62 Energy waste reduction plan various - 11 Other various 10 11 Total non-current regulatory liabilities $ 3,715 $ 2,041 Total regulatory liabilities $ 3,795 $ 2,136 1 These regulatory assets have arisen from an alternative revenue program and are not associated with incurred costs or capital investments. Therefore, the MPSC has provided for recovery without a return. 2 This regulatory asset is offset partially by liabilities. The net amount is included in rate base, thereby providing a return. 3 The MPSC has authorized a specific return on this regulatory asset. 4 These regulatory assets represent incurred costs for which the MPSC has provided, or Consumers expects, recovery without a return on investment. |
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities for PSCR and GCR Underrecoveries and Overrecoveries | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 Liabilities PSCR overrecoveries $ 27 $ 8 GCR overrecoveries 6 13 Accrued rate refunds $ 33 $ 21 |
Electric Rate Case [Member] | |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |
Schedule of Requested Annual Rate Increase | In Millions Components of the rate increase Investment in rate base $ 45 Operating and maintenance costs 42 Gross margin 42 Cost of capital 28 Working capital (9) Total $ 148 |
Contingencies And Commitments (
Contingencies And Commitments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Guarantees | In Millions Maximum Carrying Guarantee Description Issue Date Expiration Date Obligation Amount CMS Energy, including Consumers Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements 1 Various Indefinite $ 153 $ 7 Guarantees 2 Various Indefinite 45 - Consumers Guarantee 2 July 2011 Indefinite $ 30 $ - 1 These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities. 2 At Consumers, this obligation comprises a guarantee provided to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers. At CMS Energy, the guarantee obligations comprise Consumers’ guarantee to the U.S. Department of Energy and CMS Energy’s 1994 guarantee of non-recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee. For additional details on this guarantee, see Note 20, Variable Interest Entities. |
Purchase Obligations | In Millions Payments Due Total 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Beyond 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 2,026 891 541 186 61 56 291 Consumers PPAs MCV PPA $ 2,621 $ 350 $ 348 $ 346 $ 335 $ 339 $ 903 Palisades PPA 1,647 367 378 388 400 114 - Related-party PPAs 1,546 87 87 94 96 100 1,082 Other PPAs 3,345 238 235 236 232 242 2,162 Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 1,787 859 511 156 48 44 169 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Guarantees | In Millions Maximum Carrying Guarantee Description Issue Date Expiration Date Obligation Amount CMS Energy, including Consumers Indemnity obligations from stock and asset sale agreements 1 Various Indefinite $ 153 $ 7 Guarantees 2 Various Indefinite 45 - Consumers Guarantee 2 July 2011 Indefinite $ 30 $ - 1 These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities. 2 At Consumers, this obligation comprises a guarantee provided to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department’s failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers. At CMS Energy, the guarantee obligations comprise Consumers’ guarantee to the U.S. Department of Energy and CMS Energy’s 1994 guarantee of non-recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee. For additional details on this guarantee, see Note 20, Variable Interest Entities. |
Purchase Obligations | In Millions Payments Due Total 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Beyond 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 2,026 891 541 186 61 56 291 Consumers PPAs MCV PPA $ 2,621 $ 350 $ 348 $ 346 $ 335 $ 339 $ 903 Palisades PPA 1,647 367 378 388 400 114 - Related-party PPAs 1,546 87 87 94 96 100 1,082 Other PPAs 3,345 238 235 236 232 242 2,162 Total PPAs $ 9,159 $ 1,042 $ 1,048 $ 1,064 $ 1,063 $ 795 $ 4,147 Other 1,787 859 511 156 48 44 169 |
Manufactured Gas Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Expected Remediation Cost By Year | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Consumers Remediation and other response activity costs $ 17 $ 18 $ 10 $ 18 $ 7 |
Bay Harbor [Member] | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Expected Remediation Cost By Year | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy Long-term liquid disposal and operating and maintenance costs $ 5 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 $ 4 |
Financings And Capitalization (
Financings And Capitalization (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Summary Of Long-Term Debt Outstanding | In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 8.750 2019 $ 100 $ 300 6.250 2020 300 300 5.050 2022 300 300 3.875 2024 250 250 3.600 2025 250 250 3.000 2026 300 300 2.950 2027 275 275 3.450 2027 350 - 4.700 2043 250 250 4.875 2044 300 300 Total senior notes $ 2,675 $ 2,525 Term loan facility variable 1 2019 180 180 Term loan facility variable 2 2018 225 - EnerBank Certificates of deposit 1.76 3 2018 -2026 1,245 1,198 Consumers 5,940 5,661 Total principal amount outstanding $ 10,265 $ 9,564 Current amounts (1,081) (864) Net unamortized discounts (14) (15) Unamortized issuance costs (47) (45) Total long-term debt $ 9,123 $ 8,640 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.80 percent ( 2.37 percent at December 31, 2017 ). 2 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). 3 The weighted-average interest rate for EnerBank’s certificates of deposit was 1.76 percent at December 31, 2017 and 1.51 percent at December 31, 2016 . EnerBank’s primary deposit product consists of brokered certificates of deposit with varying maturities and having a face value of $ 1,000 . |
Major Long-Term Debt Transactions | Principal Issue/Retirement (In Millions) Interest Rate Date Maturity Date Debt issuances CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes $ 350 3.450 % February 2017 August 2027 Term loan facility 1 225 variable December 2017 December 2018 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 575 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 350 3.950 % February 2017 July 2047 First mortgage bonds 40 3.180 September 2017 September 2032 First mortgage bonds 125 3.520 September 2017 September 2037 First mortgage bonds 20 3.860 September 2017 September 2052 First mortgage bonds 60 3.180 November 2017 November 2032 First mortgage bonds 210 3.520 November 2017 November 2037 First mortgage bonds 30 3.860 November 2017 November 2052 Total Consumers $ 835 Total CMS Energy $ 1,410 Debt retirements CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 2 $ 200 8.750 % December 2017 June 2019 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 200 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 250 5.150 % February 2017 February 2017 Senior notes 180 6.875 September 2017 March 2018 First mortgage bonds 100 3.210 October 2017 October 2017 Total Consumers $ 530 Total CMS Energy $ 730 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). CMS Energy used these proceeds to retire $200 million of the 8.75 percent senior notes due June 2019. 2 CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. |
Debt Maturities | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Long-term debt $ 1,081 $ 1,428 $ 905 $ 178 $ 1,039 Consumers Long-term debt $ 343 $ 876 $ 426 $ 27 $ 653 |
Revolving Credit Facilities | In Millions Amount of Amount Letters of Credit Amount Expiration Date Facility Borrowed Outstanding Available CMS Energy, parent only May 27, 2022 1,2 $ 550 $ - $ 6 $ 544 Consumers 3 May 27, 2022 2 $ 650 $ - $ 7 $ 643 November 23, 2019 4 250 - 20 230 September 9, 2019 5 30 - 30 - 1 During the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s average borrowings totaled $21 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.02 percent. Obligations under this facility are secured by Consumers common stock. 2 In May 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from May 2021 to May 2022. 3 Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers. 4 In November 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from November 2018 to November 2019. 5 In June 2017, the expiration date of this letter of credit reimbursement agreement was extended from May 2018 to September 2019. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Summary Of Long-Term Debt Outstanding | In Millions Interest Rate (%) Maturity 2017 2016 Consumers First mortgage bonds 1 5.150 2017 $ - $ 250 3.210 2017 - 100 5.650 2018 250 250 6.125 2019 350 350 6.700 2019 500 500 5.650 2020 300 300 3.770 2020 100 100 5.300 2022 250 250 2.850 2022 375 375 3.375 2023 325 325 3.190 2024 52 52 3.125 2024 250 250 3.390 2027 35 35 3.180 2032 100 - 5.800 2035 175 175 3.520 2037 335 - 6.170 2040 50 50 4.970 2040 50 50 4.310 2042 263 263 3.950 2043 425 425 4.100 2045 250 250 3.250 2046 450 450 3.950 2047 350 - 3.860 2052 50 - 4.350 2064 250 250 Total first mortgage bonds $ 5,535 $ 5,050 Securitization bonds 2.913 2 2020-2029 3 302 328 Senior notes 6.875 2018 - 180 Tax-exempt pollution control revenue bonds various 2018-2035 103 103 Total principal amount outstanding $ 5,940 $ 5,661 Current amounts (343) (375) Net unamortized discounts (8) (8) Unamortized issuance costs (28) (25) Total long-term debt $ 5,561 $ 5,253 1 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ first mortgage bonds was 4.44 percent at December 31, 2017 and 4.57 percent at December 31, 2016 . 2 The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers’ securitization bonds issued through its subsidiary Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding was 2.91 percent at December 31, 2017 and 2.79 percent at December 31, 2016 . 3 Principal and interest payments are made semiannually. |
Major Long-Term Debt Transactions | Principal Issue/Retirement (In Millions) Interest Rate Date Maturity Date Debt issuances CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes $ 350 3.450 % February 2017 August 2027 Term loan facility 1 225 variable December 2017 December 2018 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 575 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 350 3.950 % February 2017 July 2047 First mortgage bonds 40 3.180 September 2017 September 2032 First mortgage bonds 125 3.520 September 2017 September 2037 First mortgage bonds 20 3.860 September 2017 September 2052 First mortgage bonds 60 3.180 November 2017 November 2032 First mortgage bonds 210 3.520 November 2017 November 2037 First mortgage bonds 30 3.860 November 2017 November 2052 Total Consumers $ 835 Total CMS Energy $ 1,410 Debt retirements CMS Energy, parent only Senior notes 2 $ 200 8.750 % December 2017 June 2019 Total CMS Energy, parent only $ 200 Consumers First mortgage bonds $ 250 5.150 % February 2017 February 2017 Senior notes 180 6.875 September 2017 March 2018 First mortgage bonds 100 3.210 October 2017 October 2017 Total Consumers $ 530 Total CMS Energy $ 730 1 Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent ( 2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). CMS Energy used these proceeds to retire $200 million of the 8.75 percent senior notes due June 2019. 2 CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. |
Debt Maturities | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Long-term debt $ 1,081 $ 1,428 $ 905 $ 178 $ 1,039 Consumers Long-term debt $ 343 $ 876 $ 426 $ 27 $ 653 |
Revolving Credit Facilities | In Millions Amount of Amount Letters of Credit Amount Expiration Date Facility Borrowed Outstanding Available CMS Energy, parent only May 27, 2022 1,2 $ 550 $ - $ 6 $ 544 Consumers 3 May 27, 2022 2 $ 650 $ - $ 7 $ 643 November 23, 2019 4 250 - 20 230 September 9, 2019 5 30 - 30 - 1 During the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s average borrowings totaled $21 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.02 percent. Obligations under this facility are secured by Consumers common stock. 2 In May 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from May 2021 to May 2022. 3 Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers. 4 In November 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from November 2018 to November 2019. 5 In June 2017, the expiration date of this letter of credit reimbursement agreement was extended from May 2018 to September 2019. |
Preferred Stock | Optional Number of Balance Redemption Shares Outstanding Series Price Outstanding (In Millions) December 31 2017 2016 Cumulative, $100 par value, authorized 7,500,000 shares, with no mandatory redemption $ 4.50 $ 110.00 373,148 $ 37 $ 37 |
Fair Value Measurements (Tables
Fair Value Measurements (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis | In Millions CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 Assets 1 Cash equivalents $ 74 $ 44 $ - $ - Restricted cash equivalents 17 19 17 19 CMS Energy common stock - - 21 33 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets 14 12 10 8 DB SERP Cash equivalents 5 3 4 2 Debt securities 141 - 102 - Mutual funds - 141 - 102 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 1 1 1 Total $ 252 $ 220 $ 155 $ 165 Liabilities 1 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities $ 14 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 - - - Total $ 15 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 1 All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of commodity contracts, which were classified as Level 3. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis | In Millions CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 Assets 1 Cash equivalents $ 74 $ 44 $ - $ - Restricted cash equivalents 17 19 17 19 CMS Energy common stock - - 21 33 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets 14 12 10 8 DB SERP Cash equivalents 5 3 4 2 Debt securities 141 - 102 - Mutual funds - 141 - 102 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 1 1 1 Total $ 252 $ 220 $ 155 $ 165 Liabilities 1 Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities $ 14 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 Derivative instruments Commodity contracts 1 - - - Total $ 15 $ 12 $ 10 $ 8 1 All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of commodity contracts, which were classified as Level 3. |
Financial Instruments (Tables)
Financial Instruments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Fair Value Fair Value Carrying Level Carrying Level Amount Total 1 2 3 Amount Total 1 2 3 CMS Energy, including Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 2 1,371 1,464 - - 1,464 1,326 1,415 - - 1,415 Securities held to maturity 16 16 - 16 - 13 13 - 13 - Liabilities Long-term debt 3 10,204 10,715 - 9,363 1,352 9,504 9,953 - 8,990 963 Long-term payables 4 27 26 - - 26 17 17 - - 17 Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 5 17 17 - - 17 45 45 - - 45 Liabilities Long-term debt 6 5,904 6,236 - 4,883 1,353 5,628 5,903 - 4,940 963 1 Includes current accounts receivable of $14 million at December 31, 2017 and $12 million at December 31, 2016 . 2 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $ 200 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 219 million at December 31, 20 16 . 3 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 1.1 b illion at December 31, 20 17 and $ 864 million at December 31, 20 16 . 4 Includes current portion of long-term payables of $ 3 million at December 31, 20 17 and $1 million at December 31, 20 16 . 5 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $17 million at December 31, 2017 and $29 million at December 31, 2016 . 6 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 343 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 375 million at December 31, 20 16 . |
Schedule Of Investment Securities | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unrealized Unrealized Fair Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value Cost Gains Losses Value CMS Energy, including Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 141 $ - - $ 141 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 141 - - 141 Held to maturity Debt securities 16 - - 16 13 - - 13 Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 102 $ - $ - $ 102 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 102 - - 102 CMS Energy common stock 2 19 - 21 4 29 - 33 |
Schedule Of Sales Activity For Investment Securities | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 145 $ 6 $ 3 Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 105 $ 4 $ 2 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Fair Value Fair Value Carrying Level Carrying Level Amount Total 1 2 3 Amount Total 1 2 3 CMS Energy, including Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 2 1,371 1,464 - - 1,464 1,326 1,415 - - 1,415 Securities held to maturity 16 16 - 16 - 13 13 - 13 - Liabilities Long-term debt 3 10,204 10,715 - 9,363 1,352 9,504 9,953 - 8,990 963 Long-term payables 4 27 26 - - 26 17 17 - - 17 Consumers Assets Long-term receivables 1 $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ - $ 21 $ 22 $ 22 $ - $ - $ 22 Notes receivable 5 17 17 - - 17 45 45 - - 45 Liabilities Long-term debt 6 5,904 6,236 - 4,883 1,353 5,628 5,903 - 4,940 963 1 Includes current accounts receivable of $14 million at December 31, 2017 and $12 million at December 31, 2016 . 2 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $ 200 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 219 million at December 31, 20 16 . 3 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 1.1 b illion at December 31, 20 17 and $ 864 million at December 31, 20 16 . 4 Includes current portion of long-term payables of $ 3 million at December 31, 20 17 and $1 million at December 31, 20 16 . 5 Includes current portion of notes receivable of $17 million at December 31, 2017 and $29 million at December 31, 2016 . 6 Includes current portion of long-term debt of $ 343 million at December 31, 20 17 and $ 375 million at December 31, 20 16 . |
Schedule Of Investment Securities | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unrealized Unrealized Fair Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value Cost Gains Losses Value CMS Energy, including Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 141 $ - - $ 141 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 141 - - 141 Held to maturity Debt securities 16 - - 16 13 - - 13 Consumers Available for sale DB SERP Debt securities $ 102 $ - $ - $ 102 $ - $ - $ - $ - Mutual funds - - - - 102 - - 102 CMS Energy common stock 2 19 - 21 4 29 - 33 |
Schedule Of Sales Activity For Investment Securities | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 145 $ 6 $ 3 Consumers Proceeds from sales of investment securities $ 105 $ 4 $ 2 |
Notes Receivable (Tables)
Notes Receivable (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Current And Non-Current Notes Receivable | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current EnerBank notes receivable, net of allowance for loan losses $ 178 $ 151 EnerBank notes receivable held for sale 2 39 Michigan tax settlement 20 29 Non-current EnerBank notes receivable 1,171 1,088 Michigan tax settlement - 19 Total notes receivable $ 1,371 $ 1,326 Consumers Current Michigan tax settlement $ 17 $ 29 Non-current Michigan tax settlement - 16 Total notes receivable $ 17 $ 45 |
Schedule Of Allowance For Loan Losses | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Balance at beginning of period $ 16 $ 9 Charge-offs (19) (14) Recoveries 3 2 Provision for loan losses 20 19 Balance at end of period $ 20 $ 16 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Current And Non-Current Notes Receivable | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current EnerBank notes receivable, net of allowance for loan losses $ 178 $ 151 EnerBank notes receivable held for sale 2 39 Michigan tax settlement 20 29 Non-current EnerBank notes receivable 1,171 1,088 Michigan tax settlement - 19 Total notes receivable $ 1,371 $ 1,326 Consumers Current Michigan tax settlement $ 17 $ 29 Non-current Michigan tax settlement - 16 Total notes receivable $ 17 $ 45 |
Plant, Property, and Equipment
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Property, Plant And Equipment | In Millions December 31 Estimated Depreciable Life in Years 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Consumers 3 - 125 $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Enterprises Independent power production 3 - 35 163 141 Other 3 - 5 4 16 Other 1 - 7 21 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,506 $ 21,010 Construction work in progress 765 761 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,510) (6,056) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,761 $ 15,715 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric Generation 22 - 125 $ 6,025 $ 5,900 Distribution 20 - 75 7,603 7,149 Transmission 46 - 75 66 59 Other 5 - 50 1,229 1,137 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation 2 298 295 Gas Distribution 20 - 85 4,182 3,806 Transmission 17 - 75 1,278 1,124 Underground storage facilities 3 27 - 75 842 630 Other 5 - 50 764 708 Capital leases 2 14 15 Other non-utility property 3 - 51 17 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Construction work in progress 753 759 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,441) (5,994) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,630 $ 15,603 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Consumers’ plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016 , Consumers’ plant additions were $ 2.3 billion and plant retirements were $ 285 million. 2 For information regarding the amortization terms of Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. 3 Underground storage includes base natural gas of $26 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Base natural gas is not subject to depreciation. |
Public Utilities Property Plant and Equipment Schedule of Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization Table | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 71 63 Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 2 1 |
Schedule Of Depreciation And Amortization | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 739 $ 687 $ 591 Amortization expense Software 114 96 70 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 732 $ 680 $ 586 Amortization expense Software 112 95 69 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 |
Schedule Of Estimated Amortization Expense For Intangibles | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Intangible asset amortization expense $ 131 $ 139 $ 135 $ 124 $ 109 Consumers Intangible assets amortization expense $ 129 $ 137 $ 133 $ 123 $ 108 |
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class Table | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Description Amortization Life in Years Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization CMS Energy, including Consumers Software development 1 - 15 $ 950 $ 481 $ 853 $ 367 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 23 15 22 15 Total $ 1,158 $ 561 $ 1,052 $ 444 Consumers Software development 3 - 15 $ 937 $ 475 $ 845 $ 363 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 21 15 21 15 Total $ 1,143 $ 555 $ 1,043 $ 440 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $100 million and there were no retirements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $ 141 million and intangible asset retirements were $23 million. 2 Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, which may change whenever the lease is renewed or extended. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Property, Plant And Equipment | In Millions December 31 Estimated Depreciable Life in Years 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Consumers 3 - 125 $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Enterprises Independent power production 3 - 35 163 141 Other 3 - 5 4 16 Other 1 - 7 21 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,506 $ 21,010 Construction work in progress 765 761 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,510) (6,056) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,761 $ 15,715 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric Generation 22 - 125 $ 6,025 $ 5,900 Distribution 20 - 75 7,603 7,149 Transmission 46 - 75 66 59 Other 5 - 50 1,229 1,137 Assets under capital leases and financing obligation 2 298 295 Gas Distribution 20 - 85 4,182 3,806 Transmission 17 - 75 1,278 1,124 Underground storage facilities 3 27 - 75 842 630 Other 5 - 50 764 708 Capital leases 2 14 15 Other non-utility property 3 - 51 17 15 Plant, property, and equipment, gross $ 22,318 $ 20,838 Construction work in progress 753 759 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,441) (5,994) Total plant, property, and equipment 1 $ 16,630 $ 15,603 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017 , Consumers’ plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016 , Consumers’ plant additions were $ 2.3 billion and plant retirements were $ 285 million. 2 For information regarding the amortization terms of Consumers’ assets under capital leases and financing obligation, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. 3 Underground storage includes base natural gas of $26 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Base natural gas is not subject to depreciation. |
Schedule of Capital Leased Asssets | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 310 $ 300 Additions 3 13 Net retirements and other adjustments (1) (3) Balance at end of period $ 312 $ 310 |
Public Utilities Property Plant and Equipment Schedule of Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization Table | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 71 63 Consumers Utility plant assets $ 6,439 $ 5,993 Non-utility plant assets 2 1 |
Public Utilities Property Plant and Equipment Schedule of Composite Depreciation Rate Table | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric utility property 3.9 % 3.9 % 3.5 % Gas utility property 2.9 2.9 2.8 Other property 10.0 9.8 8.7 |
Public Utilities, Allowance For Funds Used During Construction Average Rate | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Electric 6.8 % 7.3 % 7.6 % Gas 6.0 % 6.2 % 6.2 % |
Schedule Of Depreciation And Amortization | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 739 $ 687 $ 591 Amortization expense Software 114 96 70 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation expense – plant, property, and equipment $ 732 $ 680 $ 586 Amortization expense Software 112 95 69 Other intangible assets 3 3 4 Securitized regulatory assets 25 25 83 Other regulatory assets - - 2 Total depreciation and amortization expense $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 |
Schedule Of Estimated Amortization Expense For Intangibles | In Millions 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 CMS Energy, including Consumers Intangible asset amortization expense $ 131 $ 139 $ 135 $ 124 $ 109 Consumers Intangible assets amortization expense $ 129 $ 137 $ 133 $ 123 $ 108 |
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class Table | In Millions December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Description Amortization Life in Years Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization Gross Cost 1 Accumulated Amortization CMS Energy, including Consumers Software development 1 - 15 $ 950 $ 481 $ 853 $ 367 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 23 15 22 15 Total $ 1,158 $ 561 $ 1,052 $ 444 Consumers Software development 3 - 15 $ 937 $ 475 $ 845 $ 363 Rights of way 50 - 85 162 50 155 48 Franchises and consents 5 - 30 14 8 15 8 Leasehold improvements various 2 9 7 7 6 Other intangibles various 21 15 21 15 Total $ 1,143 $ 555 $ 1,043 $ 440 1 For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $100 million and there were no retirements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers’ intangible asset additions were $ 141 million and intangible asset retirements were $23 million. 2 Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, which may change whenever the lease is renewed or extended. |
Jointly Owned Regulated Utility Facilities | In Millions, Except Ownership Share J.H. Campbell Unit 3 Ludington Other Ownership share 93.3 % 51.0 % various Utility plant in service $ 1,655 $ 354 $ 217 Accumulated depreciation (592) (151) (69) Construction work in progress 30 142 6 Net investment $ 1,093 $ 345 $ 154 |
Leases And Palisades Financing
Leases And Palisades Financing (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule of Rent Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Consumers Minimum operating lease expense PPAs $ 5 $ 6 $ 6 Other agreements 15 14 19 Contingent rental expense 1 96 82 82 1 Contingent rental expense is related to capital and operating lease PPAs and is based on delivery of energy and capacity in excess of minimum lease payments. |
Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments for Leases | In Millions Capital Leases Palisades Financing Operating Leases Consumers 2018 $ 15 $ 16 $ 15 2019 15 15 9 2020 12 14 9 2021 12 14 9 2022 8 3 4 2023 and thereafter 21 - 7 Total minimum lease payments $ 83 $ 62 $ 53 Less imputed interest 25 7 Present value of net minimum lease payments $ 58 $ 55 Less current portion 9 13 Non-current portion $ 49 $ 42 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule of Rent Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Consumers Minimum operating lease expense PPAs $ 5 $ 6 $ 6 Other agreements 15 14 19 Contingent rental expense 1 96 82 82 1 Contingent rental expense is related to capital and operating lease PPAs and is based on delivery of energy and capacity in excess of minimum lease payments. |
Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments for Leases | In Millions Capital Leases Palisades Financing Operating Leases Consumers 2018 $ 15 $ 16 $ 15 2019 15 15 9 2020 12 14 9 2021 12 14 9 2022 8 3 4 2023 and thereafter 21 - 7 Total minimum lease payments $ 83 $ 62 $ 53 Less imputed interest 25 7 Present value of net minimum lease payments $ 58 $ 55 Less current portion 9 13 Non-current portion $ 49 $ 42 |
Asset Retirement Obligations (T
Asset Retirement Obligations (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation | In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2016 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 447 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 430 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 201 $ - $ (18) $ 8 $ - $ 191 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 182 3 (11) 12 - 186 Asbestos abatement 56 - (16) 2 - 42 Renewable generation assets 7 2 - 1 - 10 Total Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2015 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 439 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 447 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 200 $ - $ (8) $ 9 $ - $ 201 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 178 2 (9) 11 - 182 Asbestos abatement 54 - (1) 3 - 56 Renewable generation assets 6 1 - - - 7 Total Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation | In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2016 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 447 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 430 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 201 $ - $ (18) $ 8 $ - $ 191 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 182 3 (11) 12 - 186 Asbestos abatement 56 - (16) 2 - 42 Renewable generation assets 7 2 - 1 - 10 Total Consumers $ 446 $ 5 $ (45) $ 23 $ - $ 429 In Millions ARO ARO Liability Cash flow Liability Company and ARO Description 12/31/2015 Incurred Settled Accretion Revisions 12/31/2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 Gas treating plant and gas wells 1 - - - - 1 Total CMS Energy $ 439 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 447 Consumers Coal ash disposal areas $ 200 $ - $ (8) $ 9 $ - $ 201 Gas distribution cut, purge, and cap 178 2 (9) 11 - 182 Asbestos abatement 54 - (1) 3 - 56 Renewable generation assets 6 1 - - - 7 Total Consumers $ 438 $ 3 $ (18) $ 23 $ - $ 446 |
Retirement Benefits (Tables)
Retirement Benefits (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Schedule Of SERP Trust Assets, ABO And Contributions | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Trust assets $ 146 $ 144 ABO 149 143 Contributions 7 - Consumers Trust assets $ 106 $ 104 ABO 107 101 Contributions 6 - |
Schedule Of Effect Of One-Percentage-Point Change In Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates | In Millions One Percentage One Percentage Year Ended December 31, 2017 Point Increase Point Decrease CMS Energy, including Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 32 (28) Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 30 (27) |
Schedule Of Assumptions Used | December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted average for benefit obligations 1 Discount rate 2 DB Pension Plan A 3 3.78 % DB Pension Plan B 3 3.64 DB SERP 3.65 4.16 % 4.43 % OPEB Plan 3.74 4.49 4.70 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plan A 3 3.50 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 Weighted average for net periodic benefit cost 1 Service cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 4.53 4.79 4.10 DB SERP 4.51 4.87 4.10 OPEB Plan 4.89 4.75 4.30 Interest cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 3.56 3.66 4.10 DB SERP 3.51 3.64 4.10 OPEB Plan 3.79 3.89 4.30 Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5 DB Pension Plans 7.25 7.25 7.50 OPEB Plan 7.25 7.25 7.25 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plans 3.60 3.00 3.00 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 1 The mortality assumption for benefit obligations was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 7 for 201 7 , MP-201 6 for 201 6 , and MP-201 5 for 201 5 . The mortality assumption for net periodic benefit cost for 2017, 2016 , and 2015 was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 6 for 201 7, MP-2015 for 2016, and MP-2014 for 2015 . 2 The discount rate reflects the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled and is equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from a yield-curve analysis. This analysis incorporated the projected benefit payments specific to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan and the yields on high-quality corporate bonds rated Aa or better . 3 Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ existing defined benefit p ension p lan was amended to include only retired or inactive employees; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A. The discount rate used to measure the existing plan was 4.30 percent at December 31, 2016 and 4.52 percent at December 31, 2015. The weighted-average rate of compensation increase used to measure the existing plan was 3.60 percent at December 31, 2016 and 3.00 percent at December 31, 2015. 4 In January 2016, CMS Energy and Consumers changed the method they use to determine the discount rate used to calculate the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs for the DB Pension and OPEB Plans. Historically, the discount rate used for this purpose represented a single weighted-average rate derived from the yield curve used to determine the benefit obligation. CMS Energy and Consumers have elected to use instead a full-yield-curve approach in the estimation of service cost and interest cost; this approach is more accurate in that it applies individual spot rates along the yield curve to future projected benefit payments based on the time of payment. 5 CMS Energy and Consumers determined the long-term rate of return using historical market returns, the present and expected future economic environment, the capital market principles of risk and return, and the expert opinions of individuals and firms with financial market knowledge. CMS Energy and Consumers considered the asset allocation of the portfolio in forecasting the future expected total return of the portfolio. The goal was to determine a long-term rate of return that could be incorporated into the planning of future cash flow requirements in conjunction with the change in the liability. Annually, CMS Energy and Consumers review for reasonableness and appropriateness the forecasted returns for various classes of assets used to construct an expected return model. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ expected long-term rate of return on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 7.25 percent in 2017 . The actual return (loss) on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 18.0 percent in 2017 , 8.0 percent in 2016 , and (2.0) percent in 2015 . |
Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs | In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 45 $ 42 $ 50 $ 19 $ 18 $ 25 Interest cost 93 90 108 51 46 58 Expected return on plan assets (153) (147) (138) (90) (85) (91) Amortization of: Net loss 82 71 97 29 21 21 Prior service cost (credit) 5 4 1 (40) (41) (41) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 72 $ 60 $ 118 $ (31) $ (41) $ (28) Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 44 $ 41 $ 49 $ 19 $ 17 $ 25 Interest cost 90 87 103 49 45 56 Expected return on plan assets (149) (143) (134) (84) (80) (86) Amortization of: Net loss 79 68 93 29 22 22 Prior service cost (credit) 4 4 1 (39) (40) (40) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 68 $ 57 $ 112 $ (26) $ (36) $ (23) |
Schedule Of Net Loss And Prior Service Cost (Credit) That Will Be Amortized In Next Fiscal Year | In Millions DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) AOCI 2 (2) Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) |
Schedule Of Funded Status Of Retirement Benefit Plans | In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 2,562 $ 2,403 $ 151 $ 150 $ 1,408 $ 1,227 Service cost 45 42 - - 19 18 Interest cost 88 85 5 5 51 46 Plan amendments - - - - (309) - Actuarial (gain) loss 241 1 196 1 7 4 (24) 1 171 1 Benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (48) (54) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 2,780 $ 2,562 $ 154 $ 151 $ 1,097 $ 1,408 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ 2,101 $ 2,013 $ - $ - $ 1,264 $ 1,208 Actual return on plan assets 360 152 - - 203 109 Company contribution - 100 9 8 - - Actual benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (47) (53) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ 2,305 $ 2,101 $ - $ - $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Funded status $ (475) 2 $ (461) 2 $ (154) $ (151) $ 323 $ (144) Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 109 $ 106 $ 1,365 $ 1,188 Service cost - - 19 17 Interest cost 4 4 49 45 Plan amendments - - (303) - Actuarial (gain) loss 5 4 (31) 1 167 1 Benefits paid (6) (5) (46) (52) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 112 $ 109 $ 1,053 $ 1,365 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ - $ - $ 1,184 $ 1,133 Actual return on plan assets - - 190 103 Company contribution 6 5 - - Actual benefits paid (6) (5) (45) (52) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ - $ - $ 1,329 $ 1,184 Funded status $ (112) $ (109) $ 276 $ (181) 1 The actuarial loss for 2017 for the DB Pension Plans was primarily the result of lowering the discount rates. The actuarial gain for 2017 for the OPEB Plan was primarily the result of better claim experience in calculating the plan’s funded status. The actuarial loss for 2016 was primarily the result of claims, experience, and lowering the discount rates used in calculating the plans’ funded status. 2 At December 31, 2017 , $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016 , $ 441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. |
Schedule Of Retirement Benefit Plan Assets (Liabilities) | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 143 $ - OPEB Plan 323 - Current liabilities DB SERP 9 8 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 618 461 DB SERP 145 143 OPEB Plan - 144 Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 147 $ - OPEB Plan 276 - Current liabilities DB SERP 7 5 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 602 441 DB SERP 105 104 OPEB Plan - 181 |
Schedule Of Accumulated And Projected Benefit Obligations | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers PBO $ 1,511 $ 2,562 ABO 1,164 2,250 Fair value of plan assets 893 2,101 |
Schedule Of Net Periodic Benefit Cost Not Yet Recognized | In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss (gain) 97 93 (6) (8) Prior service cost (credit) 1 1 (12) (6) Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,126 $ 1,171 $ (153) $ 282 Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss 36 33 - - Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,064 $ 1,110 $ (135) $ 296 |
Schedule Of Allocation Of Plan Assets | In Millions DB Pension Plans December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 21 $ 21 $ - $ 110 $ 110 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 4 - 4 1 - 1 Corporate debt 336 - 336 266 - 266 State and municipal bonds 9 - 9 9 - 9 Foreign corporate bonds 31 - 31 25 - 25 Mutual funds 662 662 - 571 571 - $ 1,063 $ 683 $ 380 $ 982 $ 681 $ 301 Pooled funds 1,242 1,119 Total $ 2,305 $ 2,101 In Millions OPEB Plan December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and short-term investments $ 16 $ 16 $ - $ 39 $ 39 $ - U.S. government and agencies securities 1 - 1 - - - Corporate debt 50 - 50 38 - 38 State and municipal bonds 1 - 1 1 - 1 Foreign corporate bonds 4 - 4 4 - 4 Common stocks 40 40 - 44 44 - Mutual funds 647 647 - 563 563 - $ 759 $ 703 $ 56 $ 689 $ 646 $ 43 Pooled funds 661 575 Total $ 1,420 $ 1,264 |
Schedule Of Asset Allocation | DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan Equity securities 55 % 52 % Fixed-income securities 30 25 Alternative-strategy investments 15 23 100 % 100 % |
Schedule Of Plan Contributions | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 100 Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 93 |
Schedule Of Expected Benefit Payments | In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers 2018 $ 157 $ 10 $ 56 2019 163 10 58 2020 168 10 60 2021 169 10 62 2022 170 10 62 2023-2027 457 47 312 Consumers 2018 $ 153 $ 7 $ 54 2019 159 7 55 2020 163 7 57 2021 164 7 59 2022 166 7 60 2023-2027 457 32 298 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Schedule Of SERP Trust Assets, ABO And Contributions | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Trust assets $ 146 $ 144 ABO 149 143 Contributions 7 - Consumers Trust assets $ 106 $ 104 ABO 107 101 Contributions 6 - |
Schedule Of Effect Of One-Percentage-Point Change In Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates | In Millions One Percentage One Percentage Year Ended December 31, 2017 Point Increase Point Decrease CMS Energy, including Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 32 (28) Consumers Effect on total service and interest cost component $ 2 $ (2) Effect on PBO 30 (27) |
Schedule Of Assumptions Used | December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted average for benefit obligations 1 Discount rate 2 DB Pension Plan A 3 3.78 % DB Pension Plan B 3 3.64 DB SERP 3.65 4.16 % 4.43 % OPEB Plan 3.74 4.49 4.70 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plan A 3 3.50 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 Weighted average for net periodic benefit cost 1 Service cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 4.53 4.79 4.10 DB SERP 4.51 4.87 4.10 OPEB Plan 4.89 4.75 4.30 Interest cost discount rate 2,4 DB Pension Plans 3.56 3.66 4.10 DB SERP 3.51 3.64 4.10 OPEB Plan 3.79 3.89 4.30 Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5 DB Pension Plans 7.25 7.25 7.50 OPEB Plan 7.25 7.25 7.25 Rate of compensation increase DB Pension Plans 3.60 3.00 3.00 DB SERP 5.50 5.50 5.50 1 The mortality assumption for benefit obligations was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 7 for 201 7 , MP-201 6 for 201 6 , and MP-201 5 for 201 5 . The mortality assumption for net periodic benefit cost for 2017, 2016 , and 2015 was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-201 6 for 201 7, MP-2015 for 2016, and MP-2014 for 2015 . 2 The discount rate reflects the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled and is equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from a yield-curve analysis. This analysis incorporated the projected benefit payments specific to CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ DB P ension P lan s and OPEB Plan and the yields on high-quality corporate bonds rated Aa or better . 3 Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ existing defined benefit p ension p lan was amended to include only retired or inactive employees; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A. The discount rate used to measure the existing plan was 4.30 percent at December 31, 2016 and 4.52 percent at December 31, 2015. The weighted-average rate of compensation increase used to measure the existing plan was 3.60 percent at December 31, 2016 and 3.00 percent at December 31, 2015. 4 In January 2016, CMS Energy and Consumers changed the method they use to determine the discount rate used to calculate the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs for the DB Pension and OPEB Plans. Historically, the discount rate used for this purpose represented a single weighted-average rate derived from the yield curve used to determine the benefit obligation. CMS Energy and Consumers have elected to use instead a full-yield-curve approach in the estimation of service cost and interest cost; this approach is more accurate in that it applies individual spot rates along the yield curve to future projected benefit payments based on the time of payment. 5 CMS Energy and Consumers determined the long-term rate of return using historical market returns, the present and expected future economic environment, the capital market principles of risk and return, and the expert opinions of individuals and firms with financial market knowledge. CMS Energy and Consumers considered the asset allocation of the portfolio in forecasting the future expected total return of the portfolio. The goal was to determine a long-term rate of return that could be incorporated into the planning of future cash flow requirements in conjunction with the change in the liability. Annually, CMS Energy and Consumers review for reasonableness and appropriateness the forecasted returns for various classes of assets used to construct an expected return model. CMS Energy’s and Consumers’ expected long-term rate of return on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 7.25 percent in 2017 . The actual return (loss) on the assets of the DB Pension Plan s was 18.0 percent in 2017 , 8.0 percent in 2016 , and (2.0) percent in 2015 . |
Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs | In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 45 $ 42 $ 50 $ 19 $ 18 $ 25 Interest cost 93 90 108 51 46 58 Expected return on plan assets (153) (147) (138) (90) (85) (91) Amortization of: Net loss 82 71 97 29 21 21 Prior service cost (credit) 5 4 1 (40) (41) (41) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 72 $ 60 $ 118 $ (31) $ (41) $ (28) Consumers Net periodic cost (credit) Service cost $ 44 $ 41 $ 49 $ 19 $ 17 $ 25 Interest cost 90 87 103 49 45 56 Expected return on plan assets (149) (143) (134) (84) (80) (86) Amortization of: Net loss 79 68 93 29 22 22 Prior service cost (credit) 4 4 1 (39) (40) (40) Net periodic cost (credit) $ 68 $ 57 $ 112 $ (26) $ (36) $ (23) |
Schedule Of Net Loss And Prior Service Cost (Credit) That Will Be Amortized In Next Fiscal Year | In Millions DB Pension Plans OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) AOCI 2 (2) Consumers Regulatory asset (liability) $ 75 $ (49) |
Schedule Of Funded Status Of Retirement Benefit Plans | In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 2,562 $ 2,403 $ 151 $ 150 $ 1,408 $ 1,227 Service cost 45 42 - - 19 18 Interest cost 88 85 5 5 51 46 Plan amendments - - - - (309) - Actuarial (gain) loss 241 1 196 1 7 4 (24) 1 171 1 Benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (48) (54) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 2,780 $ 2,562 $ 154 $ 151 $ 1,097 $ 1,408 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ 2,101 $ 2,013 $ - $ - $ 1,264 $ 1,208 Actual return on plan assets 360 152 - - 203 109 Company contribution - 100 9 8 - - Actual benefits paid (156) (164) (9) (8) (47) (53) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ 2,305 $ 2,101 $ - $ - $ 1,420 $ 1,264 Funded status $ (475) 2 $ (461) 2 $ (154) $ (151) $ 323 $ (144) Consumers Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 109 $ 106 $ 1,365 $ 1,188 Service cost - - 19 17 Interest cost 4 4 49 45 Plan amendments - - (303) - Actuarial (gain) loss 5 4 (31) 1 167 1 Benefits paid (6) (5) (46) (52) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 112 $ 109 $ 1,053 $ 1,365 Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ - $ - $ 1,184 $ 1,133 Actual return on plan assets - - 190 103 Company contribution 6 5 - - Actual benefits paid (6) (5) (45) (52) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ - $ - $ 1,329 $ 1,184 Funded status $ (112) $ (109) $ 276 $ (181) 1 The actuarial loss for 2017 for the DB Pension Plans was primarily the result of lowering the discount rates. The actuarial gain for 2017 for the OPEB Plan was primarily the result of better claim experience in calculating the plan’s funded status. The actuarial loss for 2016 was primarily the result of claims, experience, and lowering the discount rates used in calculating the plans’ funded status. 2 At December 31, 2017 , $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016 , $ 441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. |
Schedule Of Retirement Benefit Plan Assets (Liabilities) | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 143 $ - OPEB Plan 323 - Current liabilities DB SERP 9 8 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 618 461 DB SERP 145 143 OPEB Plan - 144 Consumers Non-current assets DB Pension Plans $ 147 $ - OPEB Plan 276 - Current liabilities DB SERP 7 5 Non-current liabilities DB Pension Plans 602 441 DB SERP 105 104 OPEB Plan - 181 |
Schedule Of Net Periodic Benefit Cost Not Yet Recognized | In Millions DB Pension Plans and DB SERP OPEB Plan Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss (gain) 97 93 (6) (8) Prior service cost (credit) 1 1 (12) (6) Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,126 $ 1,171 $ (153) $ 282 Consumers Regulatory assets (liabilities) Net loss $ 1,017 $ 1,062 $ 316 $ 483 Prior service cost (credit) 11 15 (451) (187) Regulatory assets (liabilities) $ 1,028 $ 1,077 $ (135) $ 296 AOCI Net loss 36 33 - - Total amounts recognized in regulatory assets (liabilities) and AOCI $ 1,064 $ 1,110 $ (135) $ 296 |
Schedule Of Plan Contributions | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 100 Consumers OPEB Plan $ - $ - DB Pension Plans - 93 |
Schedule Of Expected Benefit Payments | In Millions DB Pension Plans DB SERP OPEB Plan CMS Energy, including Consumers 2018 $ 157 $ 10 $ 56 2019 163 10 58 2020 168 10 60 2021 169 10 62 2022 170 10 62 2023-2027 457 47 312 Consumers 2018 $ 153 $ 7 $ 54 2019 159 7 55 2020 163 7 57 2021 164 7 59 2022 166 7 60 2023-2027 457 32 298 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Table
Stock-Based Compensation (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Restricted Stock Activity | CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Year Ended December 31, 2017 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Nonvested at beginning of period 1,387,597 $ 32.44 1,328,631 $ 32.41 Granted Restricted stock 722,215 28.61 691,052 28.67 Restricted stock units 12,388 41.98 11,970 41.97 Vested Restricted stock (819,795) 19.53 (787,039) 19.56 Restricted stock units (15,638) 38.37 (15,199) 38.37 Forfeited – restricted stock (93,501) 39.19 (84,293) 39.19 Nonvested at end of period 1,193,266 $ 38.48 1,145,122 $ 38.50 Year Ended December 31, 2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Granted Time-lapse awards 164,640 159,260 Market-based awards 157,064 149,870 Performance-based awards 157,064 149,870 Restricted stock units 11,444 11,055 Dividends on market-based awards 24,137 22,976 Dividends on performance-based awards 22,894 21,791 Dividends on restricted stock units 944 915 Additional market-based shares based on achievement of condition 113,079 107,823 Additional performance-based shares based on achievement of condition 83,337 79,462 Total granted 734,603 703,022 |
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Restricted Stock, Valuation Assumptions | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Expected volatility 18.0 % 16.7 % 14.1 % Expected dividend yield 3.0 3.2 3.3 Risk-free rate 1.5 1.0 0.8 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.61 $ 31.74 $ 36.84 Restricted stock units granted 41.98 39.12 34.25 Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.67 $ 31.77 $ 36.83 Restricted stock units granted 41.97 39.12 34.25 |
Schedule of Compensation Cost for Share-based Payment Arrangements, Allocation of Share-based Compensation Costs by Plan | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 37 $ 31 $ 29 Compensation expense recognized 17 16 20 Income tax benefit recognized 7 7 8 Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 35 $ 30 $ 28 Compensation expense recognized 16 16 19 Income tax benefit recognized 7 6 7 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Restricted Stock Activity | CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Year Ended December 31, 2017 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Nonvested at beginning of period 1,387,597 $ 32.44 1,328,631 $ 32.41 Granted Restricted stock 722,215 28.61 691,052 28.67 Restricted stock units 12,388 41.98 11,970 41.97 Vested Restricted stock (819,795) 19.53 (787,039) 19.56 Restricted stock units (15,638) 38.37 (15,199) 38.37 Forfeited – restricted stock (93,501) 39.19 (84,293) 39.19 Nonvested at end of period 1,193,266 $ 38.48 1,145,122 $ 38.50 Year Ended December 31, 2017 CMS Energy, including Consumers Consumers Granted Time-lapse awards 164,640 159,260 Market-based awards 157,064 149,870 Performance-based awards 157,064 149,870 Restricted stock units 11,444 11,055 Dividends on market-based awards 24,137 22,976 Dividends on performance-based awards 22,894 21,791 Dividends on restricted stock units 944 915 Additional market-based shares based on achievement of condition 113,079 107,823 Additional performance-based shares based on achievement of condition 83,337 79,462 Total granted 734,603 703,022 |
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Restricted Stock, Valuation Assumptions | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Expected volatility 18.0 % 16.7 % 14.1 % Expected dividend yield 3.0 3.2 3.3 Risk-free rate 1.5 1.0 0.8 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.61 $ 31.74 $ 36.84 Restricted stock units granted 41.98 39.12 34.25 Consumers Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share Restricted stock granted $ 28.67 $ 31.77 $ 36.83 Restricted stock units granted 41.97 39.12 34.25 |
Schedule of Compensation Cost for Share-based Payment Arrangements, Allocation of Share-based Compensation Costs by Plan | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 37 $ 31 $ 29 Compensation expense recognized 17 16 20 Income tax benefit recognized 7 7 8 Consumers Fair value of shares that vested during the year $ 35 $ 30 $ 28 Compensation expense recognized 16 16 19 Income tax benefit recognized 7 6 7 |
Income Taxes (Tables)
Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | In Millions, Except Tax Rate Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 886 $ 826 $ 796 Income tax expense at statutory rate 310 289 279 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 148 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 26 37 39 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (7) - Other, net (15) (7) (8) Income tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Effective tax rate 47.9 % 33.1 % 34.0 % Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 971 $ 936 $ 896 Income tax expense at statutory rate 340 328 314 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 33 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 30 44 42 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (6) - Other, net (19) (7) (15) Income tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 Effective tax rate 34.9 % 34.2 % 33.7 % 1 In September 2017, CMS Energy completed the evaluation of its methodology for the state apportionment of Consumers’ electricity sales to MISO, taking into account recent state tax law developments in the electric utility sector. As a result, CMS Energy intends to amend state income tax filings for 2013 through 2016 to seek a refund of taxes previously paid. To recognize the anticipated refund and the impact of the expected lower effective tax rate on their deferred state tax liabilities, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recorded a $14 million income tax benefit in 2017. The $14 million income tax benefit was net of reserves for uncertain tax positions and primarily attributable to Consumers. 2 In 2013, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to accelerate the flow-through to electric and gas customers of certain income tax benefits associated primarily with the cost of removal of plant placed in service before 1993. Consumers implemented this regulatory treatment beginning in 2014. This change, which also accelerates Consumers’ recognition of the income tax benefits, reduced Consumers’ income tax expense by $39 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 . |
Significant Components Of Income Tax Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ - $ - $ - State and local 6 9 24 $ 6 $ 9 $ 24 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 368 $ 200 $ 192 State and local 36 47 36 $ 404 $ 247 $ 228 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ 159 $ 9 $ 66 State and local 17 22 32 $ 176 $ 31 $ 98 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 120 $ 227 $ 153 State and local 29 45 32 $ 149 $ 272 $ 185 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 |
Principal Components Of Deferred Income Tax Assets And Liailities | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Deferred income tax assets Tax loss and credit carryforwards $ 453 $ 871 Net regulatory tax liability 411 27 Reserves and accruals 40 69 Total deferred income tax assets $ 904 $ 967 Valuation allowance (15) (5) Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves $ 889 $ 962 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,891) $ (2,902) Employee benefits (96) (158) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (63) (6) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,158) $ (3,249) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,269) $ (2,287) Consumers Deferred income tax assets Net regulatory tax liability $ 411 $ 27 Tax loss and credit carryforwards 101 190 Reserves and accruals 21 37 Total deferred income tax assets $ 533 $ 254 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,901) $ (2,924) Employee benefits (105) (181) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (59) (8) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,173) $ (3,296) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,640) $ (3,042) |
Loss And Credit Carryforwards | In Millions Gross Amount Tax Attribute Expiration CMS Energy, including Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 855 $ 179 2028 – 2036 Local net operating loss carryforwards 487 5 2023 – 2036 Alternative minimum tax credits 137 137 Not applicable General business credits 130 130 2018 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 453 Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 309 $ 65 2028 – 2036 General business credits 34 34 2032 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 101 |
Reconciliation Of Beginning And Ending Uncertain Tax Benefits | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 10 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 14 $ 5 $ 6 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 17 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 21 $ 5 $ 6 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | In Millions, Except Tax Rate Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 886 $ 826 $ 796 Income tax expense at statutory rate 310 289 279 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 148 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 26 37 39 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (7) - Other, net (15) (7) (8) Income tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Effective tax rate 47.9 % 33.1 % 34.0 % Consumers Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 971 $ 936 $ 896 Income tax expense at statutory rate 340 328 314 Increase (decrease) in income taxes from: Impact of the TCJA 33 - - State and local income taxes, net of federal effect 1 30 44 42 Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits 2 (39) (39) (39) Employee share-based awards (6) (6) - Other, net (19) (7) (15) Income tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 Effective tax rate 34.9 % 34.2 % 33.7 % 1 In September 2017, CMS Energy completed the evaluation of its methodology for the state apportionment of Consumers’ electricity sales to MISO, taking into account recent state tax law developments in the electric utility sector. As a result, CMS Energy intends to amend state income tax filings for 2013 through 2016 to seek a refund of taxes previously paid. To recognize the anticipated refund and the impact of the expected lower effective tax rate on their deferred state tax liabilities, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recorded a $14 million income tax benefit in 2017. The $14 million income tax benefit was net of reserves for uncertain tax positions and primarily attributable to Consumers. 2 In 2013, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to accelerate the flow-through to electric and gas customers of certain income tax benefits associated primarily with the cost of removal of plant placed in service before 1993. Consumers implemented this regulatory treatment beginning in 2014. This change, which also accelerates Consumers’ recognition of the income tax benefits, reduced Consumers’ income tax expense by $39 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 , and 2015 . |
Significant Components Of Income Tax Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ - $ - $ - State and local 6 9 24 $ 6 $ 9 $ 24 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 368 $ 200 $ 192 State and local 36 47 36 $ 404 $ 247 $ 228 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Current income taxes Federal $ 159 $ 9 $ 66 State and local 17 22 32 $ 176 $ 31 $ 98 Deferred income taxes Federal $ 120 $ 227 $ 153 State and local 29 45 32 $ 149 $ 272 $ 185 Deferred income tax credit 14 17 19 Tax expense $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 |
Principal Components Of Deferred Income Tax Assets And Liailities | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Deferred income tax assets Tax loss and credit carryforwards $ 453 $ 871 Net regulatory tax liability 411 27 Reserves and accruals 40 69 Total deferred income tax assets $ 904 $ 967 Valuation allowance (15) (5) Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves $ 889 $ 962 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,891) $ (2,902) Employee benefits (96) (158) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (63) (6) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,158) $ (3,249) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,269) $ (2,287) Consumers Deferred income tax assets Net regulatory tax liability $ 411 $ 27 Tax loss and credit carryforwards 101 190 Reserves and accruals 21 37 Total deferred income tax assets $ 533 $ 254 Deferred income tax liabilities Plant, property, and equipment $ (1,901) $ (2,924) Employee benefits (105) (181) Securitized costs (71) (118) Gas inventory (37) (65) Other (59) (8) Total deferred income tax liabilities $ (2,173) $ (3,296) Total net deferred income tax liabilities $ (1,640) $ (3,042) |
Schedule Of Net Regulatory Tax Liability | In Millions December 31 2017 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment (subject to normalization 1 ) $ 1,781 All other, net (not subject to normalization 1 ) (193) Net regulatory tax liability $ 1,588 1 Relates to deferred taxes arising from accelerated tax depreciation on assets in rate base that are governed by normalization provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. These normalization provisions generally require that customer rate refunds associated with changes in deferred taxes be returned to customers over the remaining average service life of the associated assets. Consumers will collect from customers the portion not subject to normalization over a period to be determined in a future regulatory proceeding. Consumers cannot predict the impact of orders from the MPSC related to the treatment of regulatory balances not subject to amortization. |
Loss And Credit Carryforwards | In Millions Gross Amount Tax Attribute Expiration CMS Energy, including Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 855 $ 179 2028 – 2036 Local net operating loss carryforwards 487 5 2023 – 2036 Alternative minimum tax credits 137 137 Not applicable General business credits 130 130 2018 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 453 Consumers Federal net operating loss carryforward $ 309 $ 65 2028 – 2036 General business credits 34 34 2032 – 2037 Charitable contribution carryover 8 2 2021 Total tax attributes $ 101 |
Reconciliation Of Beginning And Ending Uncertain Tax Benefits | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 10 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 14 $ 5 $ 6 Consumers Balance at beginning of period $ 5 $ 6 $ 5 Additions for current-year tax positions 17 - 1 Additions for prior-year tax positions - - 1 Reductions for prior-year tax positions (1) - (1) Settlements - (1) - Balance at end of period $ 21 $ 5 $ 6 |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Ener49
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy [Abstract] | |
Basic And Diluted EPS Computations | In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 Income available to common stockholders Net income $ 462 $ 553 $ 525 Less income attributable to noncontrolling interests 2 2 2 Net income available to common stockholders – basic and diluted $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Average common shares outstanding Weighted-average shares – basic 280.0 277.9 275.6 Add dilutive nonvested stock awards 0.8 1.0 0.9 Weighted-average shares – diluted 280.8 278.9 276.5 Net income per average common share available to common stockholders Basic $ 1.64 $ 1.99 $ 1.90 Diluted 1.64 1.98 1.89 Dividends declared per common share $ 1.33 $ 1.24 $ 1.16 |
Other Income and Other Expense
Other Income and Other Expense (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Components Of Other Income And Other Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other income Fee income $ - $ 6 $ 9 All other 6 2 1 Total other income – CMS Energy $ 6 $ 8 $ 10 Consumers Other income Gain on CMS Energy common stock $ 14 $ - $ 9 Fee income - 6 9 All other 3 2 1 Total other income – Consumers $ 17 $ 8 $ 19 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Loss on reacquired and extinguished debt (18) (18) - Unrealized investment loss - (5) - All other - (8) (6) Total other expense – CMS Energy $ (76) $ (75) $ (17) Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Unrealized investment loss - (4) - All other - (7) (6) Total other expense – Consumers $ (58) $ (55) $ (17) |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Components Of Other Income And Other Expense | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other income Fee income $ - $ 6 $ 9 All other 6 2 1 Total other income – CMS Energy $ 6 $ 8 $ 10 Consumers Other income Gain on CMS Energy common stock $ 14 $ - $ 9 Fee income - 6 9 All other 3 2 1 Total other income – Consumers $ 17 $ 8 $ 19 CMS Energy, including Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Loss on reacquired and extinguished debt (18) (18) - Unrealized investment loss - (5) - All other - (8) (6) Total other expense – CMS Energy $ (76) $ (75) $ (17) Consumers Other expense Donations $ (31) $ (23) $ (1) Civic and political expenditures (27) (21) (10) Unrealized investment loss - (4) - All other - (7) (6) Total other expense – Consumers $ (58) $ (55) $ (17) |
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Tabl
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 182 $ 235 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 5 3 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 204 $ 257 Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 44 $ 131 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 4 2 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 65 $ 152 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | In Millions December 31 2017 2016 CMS Energy, including Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 182 $ 235 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 5 3 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 204 $ 257 Consumers Cash and cash equivalents $ 44 $ 131 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 19 Other non-current assets 4 2 Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts $ 65 $ 152 |
Reportable Segments (Tables)
Reportable Segments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Enterprises 229 215 190 Other reconciling items 132 120 101 Total operating revenue – CMS Energy $ 6,583 $ 6,399 $ 6,456 Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Total operating revenue – Consumers $ 6,222 $ 6,064 $ 6,165 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Enterprises 6 5 4 Other reconciling items 3 3 2 Total depreciation and amortization – CMS Energy $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Total depreciation and amortization – Consumers $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 Total income from equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 CMS Energy, including Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Enterprises - 1 - Other reconciling items 163 166 147 Total interest charges – CMS Energy $ 438 $ 435 $ 396 Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Other reconciling items 1 - 1 Total interest charges – Consumers $ 276 $ 268 $ 250 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Enterprises 72 10 3 Other reconciling items 11 (57) (34) Total income tax expense – CMS Energy $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Other reconciling items (2) - - Total income tax expense – Consumers $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net income (loss) available to common stockholders Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Enterprises (27) 17 4 Other reconciling items (141) (79) (72) Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Consumers Net income available to common stockholder Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Other reconciling items 2 1 1 Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers $ 630 $ 614 $ 592 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Enterprises 167 157 120 Other reconciling items 38 30 41 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy $ 22,506 $ 21,010 $ 18,943 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Other reconciling items 17 15 15 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers $ 22,318 $ 20,838 $ 18,797 CMS Energy, including Consumers Investments in equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 64 $ 62 $ 61 Other reconciling items - 3 3 Total investments in equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 64 $ 65 $ 64 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,906 $ 13,429 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Enterprises 342 269 270 Other reconciling items 1,663 1,478 1,457 Total assets – CMS Energy $ 23,050 $ 21,622 $ 20,299 Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,907 $ 13,430 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Other reconciling items 53 70 63 Total assets – Consumers $ 21,099 $ 19,946 $ 18,635 CMS Energy, including Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Enterprises 33 10 44 Other reconciling items 7 5 3 Total capital expenditures – CMS Energy $ 1,722 $ 1,633 $ 1,741 Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Other reconciling items 1 - - Total capital expenditures – Consumers $ 1,683 $ 1,618 $ 1,694 1 Consumers had no significant equity method investments. 2 Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. 3 Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers’ capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule Of Financial Information By Reportable Segments | In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Enterprises 229 215 190 Other reconciling items 132 120 101 Total operating revenue – CMS Energy $ 6,583 $ 6,399 $ 6,456 Consumers Operating revenue Electric utility $ 4,448 $ 4,379 $ 4,249 Gas utility 1,774 1,685 1,916 Total operating revenue – Consumers $ 6,222 $ 6,064 $ 6,165 CMS Energy, including Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Enterprises 6 5 4 Other reconciling items 3 3 2 Total depreciation and amortization – CMS Energy $ 881 $ 811 $ 750 Consumers Depreciation and amortization Electric utility $ 654 $ 603 $ 567 Gas utility 218 200 177 Total depreciation and amortization – Consumers $ 872 $ 803 $ 744 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income from equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 Total income from equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 15 $ 13 $ 14 CMS Energy, including Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Enterprises - 1 - Other reconciling items 163 166 147 Total interest charges – CMS Energy $ 438 $ 435 $ 396 Consumers Interest charges Electric utility $ 201 $ 196 $ 178 Gas utility 74 72 71 Other reconciling items 1 - 1 Total interest charges – Consumers $ 276 $ 268 $ 250 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Enterprises 72 10 3 Other reconciling items 11 (57) (34) Total income tax expense – CMS Energy $ 424 $ 273 $ 271 Consumers Income tax expense (benefit) Electric utility $ 245 $ 246 $ 224 Gas utility 96 74 78 Other reconciling items (2) - - Total income tax expense – Consumers $ 339 $ 320 $ 302 CMS Energy, including Consumers Net income (loss) available to common stockholders Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Enterprises (27) 17 4 Other reconciling items (141) (79) (72) Total net income available to common stockholders – CMS Energy $ 460 $ 551 $ 523 Consumers Net income available to common stockholder Electric utility $ 455 $ 458 $ 437 Gas utility 173 155 154 Other reconciling items 2 1 1 Total net income available to common stockholder – Consumers $ 630 $ 614 $ 592 CMS Energy, including Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Enterprises 167 157 120 Other reconciling items 38 30 41 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – CMS Energy $ 22,506 $ 21,010 $ 18,943 Consumers Plant, property, and equipment, gross Electric utility 2 $ 15,221 $ 14,540 $ 13,059 Gas utility 2 7,080 6,283 5,723 Other reconciling items 17 15 15 Total plant, property, and equipment, gross – Consumers $ 22,318 $ 20,838 $ 18,797 CMS Energy, including Consumers Investments in equity method investees 1 Enterprises $ 64 $ 62 $ 61 Other reconciling items - 3 3 Total investments in equity method investees – CMS Energy $ 64 $ 65 $ 64 In Millions Years Ended December 31 2017 2016 2015 CMS Energy, including Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,906 $ 13,429 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Enterprises 342 269 270 Other reconciling items 1,663 1,478 1,457 Total assets – CMS Energy $ 23,050 $ 21,622 $ 20,299 Consumers Total assets Electric utility 2 $ 13,907 $ 13,430 $ 12,660 Gas utility 2 7,139 6,446 5,912 Other reconciling items 53 70 63 Total assets – Consumers $ 21,099 $ 19,946 $ 18,635 CMS Energy, including Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Enterprises 33 10 44 Other reconciling items 7 5 3 Total capital expenditures – CMS Energy $ 1,722 $ 1,633 $ 1,741 Consumers Capital expenditures 3 Electric utility $ 882 $ 1,007 $ 1,136 Gas utility 800 611 558 Other reconciling items 1 - - Total capital expenditures – Consumers $ 1,683 $ 1,618 $ 1,694 1 Consumers had no significant equity method investments. 2 Amounts include a portion of Consumers’ other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. 3 Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers’ capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Related Party Transactions - 53
Related Party Transactions - Consumers (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule of Related Party Transactions, by Related Party Table | In Millions Description Related Party 2017 2016 2015 Purchases of capacity and energy Affiliates of CMS Enterprises $ 90 $ 88 $ 83 |
Variable Interest Entities (Tab
Variable Interest Entities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract] | |
Schedule Of Variable Interest Entities | Name (Ownership Interest) Nature of the Entity Financing of Partnership T.E.S. Filer City ( 50% ) Coal-fueled power generator Line of credit secured by T.E.S. Filer City’s coal inventory Grayling ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator The partnership has no debt. Genesee ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator Sale of revenue bonds that mature in 2021 and bear interest at fixed rates. The debt is non-recourse to the partners and secured by a CMS Energy guarantee capped at $3 million annually. Craven ( 50% ) Wood waste-fueled power generator Line of credit secured by Craven’s property, plant, and equipment |
Quarterly Financial And Commo55
Quarterly Financial And Common Stock Information (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information Table | In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2017 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,829 $ 1,449 $ 1,527 $ 1,778 Operating income 388 241 330 379 Net income (loss) 199 93 172 (2) Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income (loss) available to common stockholders 199 92 172 (3) Basic earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Diluted earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Common stock prices 2 High 45.28 48.25 49.10 50.55 Low 41.51 44.82 45.57 45.97 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,737 $ 1,362 $ 1,437 $ 1,686 Operating income 359 222 308 363 Net income 211 104 181 136 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 211 103 181 135 In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2016 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,801 $ 1,371 $ 1,587 $ 1,640 Operating income 3 326 275 375 280 Net income 164 125 186 78 Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholders 164 124 186 77 Basic earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Diluted earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Common stock prices 2 High 42.44 45.86 46.17 42.15 Low 35.61 39.38 41.31 39.49 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,723 $ 1,293 $ 1,498 $ 1,550 Operating income 3 308 254 356 279 Net income 172 132 195 117 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 172 131 195 116 1 The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. 2 Based on New York Stock Exchange composite transactions. 3 Prior period amounts have been adjusted as required to reflect the implementation of ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost . For further details on the adoption of this standard, see Note 2, New Accounting Standards. |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information Table | In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2017 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,829 $ 1,449 $ 1,527 $ 1,778 Operating income 388 241 330 379 Net income (loss) 199 93 172 (2) Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income (loss) available to common stockholders 199 92 172 (3) Basic earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Diluted earnings (loss) per average common share 1 0.71 0.33 0.61 (0.01) Common stock prices 2 High 45.28 48.25 49.10 50.55 Low 41.51 44.82 45.57 45.97 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,737 $ 1,362 $ 1,437 $ 1,686 Operating income 359 222 308 363 Net income 211 104 181 136 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 211 103 181 135 In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts and Stock Prices 2016 Quarters Ended March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 CMS Energy, including Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,801 $ 1,371 $ 1,587 $ 1,640 Operating income 3 326 275 375 280 Net income 164 125 186 78 Income attributable to noncontrolling interests - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholders 164 124 186 77 Basic earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Diluted earnings per average common share 1 0.59 0.45 0.67 0.28 Common stock prices 2 High 42.44 45.86 46.17 42.15 Low 35.61 39.38 41.31 39.49 Consumers Operating revenue $ 1,723 $ 1,293 $ 1,498 $ 1,550 Operating income 3 308 254 356 279 Net income 172 132 195 117 Preferred stock dividends - 1 - 1 Net income available to common stockholder 172 131 195 116 1 The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. 2 Based on New York Stock Exchange composite transactions. 3 Prior period amounts have been adjusted as required to reflect the implementation of ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost . For further details on the adoption of this standard, see Note 2, New Accounting Standards. |
Significant Accounting Polici56
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | ||
Unbilled receivables | $ 481 | $ 361 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | ||
Unbilled receivables | $ 481 | $ 361 |
Minimum [Member] | EnerBank [Member] | ||
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | ||
Same as cash, fee recognition period | 3 months | |
Authorized contractor, fee recognition period | 1 year | |
Maximum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | ||
Financial incentive as percentage of energy waste reduction program spending | 20.00% | |
Maximum [Member] | EnerBank [Member] | ||
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | ||
Same as cash, fee recognition period | 24 months | |
Authorized contractor, fee recognition period | 12 years |
New Accounting Standards (Detai
New Accounting Standards (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||
Unamortized debt issuance costs | $ 47 | $ 45 |
Debt retirement premium payments | 22 | 18 |
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member] | ||
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 33 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | ||
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||
Debt retirement premium payments | 18 | 18 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||
Unamortized debt issuance costs | 28 | $ 25 |
Debt retirement premium payments | 4 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | ||
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||
Available for sale - Unrealized Gains | $ 19 |
Regulatory Matters (Narrative)
Regulatory Matters (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions | 1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 31, 2018USD ($) | Oct. 31, 2017USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2017USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2017USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2017USD ($) | Feb. 28, 2017USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2017USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2016USD ($) | Aug. 31, 2016USD ($) | Apr. 30, 2016site | Mar. 31, 2016USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2015site | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)site | Sep. 30, 2017USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2017USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2016USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2016USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2016USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)site | Mar. 31, 2017USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2016USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2015USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2013USD ($) | ||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. federal income tax rate | 35.00% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) to deferred tax liabilities related to tax rate changes | $ 1,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ 1,778 | $ 1,527 | $ 1,449 | $ 1,829 | $ 1,640 | $ 1,587 | $ 1,371 | $ 1,801 | 6,583 | $ 6,399 | $ 6,456 | |||||||||||||||||
Regulatory liability current | 80 | 95 | 80 | 95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued rate refunds | 33 | 21 | 33 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of gas sold | 750 | 710 | 961 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset Retirement Obligation | 430 | 447 | 430 | 447 | 439 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ARO removed | 45 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 1,764 | 2,091 | 1,764 | 2,091 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory Liabilities | 3,795 | 2,136 | 3,795 | 2,136 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | 1,686 | 1,437 | $ 1,362 | 1,737 | 1,550 | $ 1,498 | $ 1,293 | 1,723 | 6,222 | 6,064 | 6,165 | |||||||||||||||||
Regulatory liability current | 80 | 95 | $ 80 | 95 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of units retired | site | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued rate refunds | 33 | 21 | $ 33 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of gas sold | 730 | 693 | 939 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | [1] | 16,630 | 15,603 | 16,630 | 15,603 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset Retirement Obligation | 429 | 446 | 429 | 446 | 438 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ARO removed | 45 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 1,764 | 2,091 | 1,764 | 2,091 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coal-Fueled Electric Generation [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of units retired | site | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of unit decommissioning | 63 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decommissioning liability | $ 63 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ARO removed | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gas-Fueled Electric Generation [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of units retired | site | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric Rate Case [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase requested | $ 173 | $ 225 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of return on equity requested | 10.50% | 10.70% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase requested, amended | $ 148 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase self-implemented | $ 130 | $ 170 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Self-implemented rate increase collected | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase authorized | $ 113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of return on equity authorized | 10.10% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric Rate Case [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recommended annual rate increase | $ 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation Rate Case [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase authorized | $ (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FERC Transmission Order [Member] | Electric Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of return on equity authorized | 10.32% | 12.38% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gas Rate Case [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase requested | $ 90 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of return on equity requested | 10.60% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase requested, amended | 80 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase self-implemented | $ 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual rate increase authorized | $ 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate of return on equity authorized | 10.10% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment recovery approved, 2019 | $ 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment recovery approved, 2018 | $ 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gas Cost Recover (GCR) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Over (under) recovery requested | $ 2 | $ 2 | $ 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued rate refunds | 6 | 13 | 6 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Over (under) recovery authorized by the MPSC | $ 2 | $ 2 | $ 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of gas sold | $ 500 | $ 500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power Supply Cost Recover (PSCR) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Over (under) recovery requested | (9) | (9) | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Over (under) recovery amended requested | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued rate refunds | 27 | 8 | 27 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PSCR Cost of Power Sold | 1,900 | 1,900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Over (under) recovery authorized by the MPSC | $ 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power Supply Cost Recover (PSCR) [Member] | Electric Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued rate refunds | $ 28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Energy Waste Reduction Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authorized recovery/collection | 18 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | 31 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Requested recovery/collection | $ 31 | $ 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manufactured Gas Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authorized recovery, collection period | 10 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of former MGPs | site | 23 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | $ 142 | 139 | $ 142 | 139 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gas Storage Inventory Adjustments [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authorized recovery, collection period | 5 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [2] | 10 | 14 | $ 10 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ARO [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [3] | 161 | 166 | 161 | 166 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
ARO [Member] | Coal-Fueled Electric Generation [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | $ 16 | $ 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scenario, Forecast [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. federal income tax rate | 21.00% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Renewable Energy Grant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from government grant | $ 69 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue Subject To Refund [Member] | Electric Rate Case [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory liability current | $ 17 | $ 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Regulatory Tax Liability [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regulatory Liabilities | $ 1,588 | $ 1,588 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[1] | For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers' plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers' plant additions were $2.3 billion and plant retirements were $285 million. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[2] | These regulatory assets represent incurred costs for which the MPSC has provided, or Consumers expects, recovery without a return on investment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[3] | The MPSC has authorized a specific return on this regulatory asset. |
Regulatory Matters (Schedule Of
Regulatory Matters (Schedule Of The Components Of Regulatory Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | ||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, current | $ 20 | $ 17 | |
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 1,764 | 2,091 | |
Regulatory liabilities, current | 80 | 95 | |
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | 3,715 | 2,041 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, current | 20 | 17 | |
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 1,764 | 2,091 | |
Total regulatory asset | 1,784 | 2,108 | |
Regulatory liabilities, current | 80 | 95 | |
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | 3,715 | 2,041 | |
Total regulatory liabilities | 3,795 | 2,136 | |
Cost Of Removal [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | $ 1,844 | 1,809 | |
Income Taxes, Net [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Current Regulatory Liability Recovery End Date | 2,018 | ||
Regulatory liabilities, current | $ 52 | 64 | |
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | 1,564 | 7 | |
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | $ 135 | ||
Renewable Energy Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Noncurrent Regulatory Liability, Recovery End Date | 2,028 | ||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | $ 56 | 83 | |
Renewable Energy Grant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Noncurrent Regulatory Liability, Recovery End Date | 2,043 | ||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | $ 56 | 58 | |
ARO [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | $ 50 | 62 | |
Energy Waste Reduction Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | 11 | ||
Other Regulatory Asset (Liability) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Current Regulatory Liability Recovery End Date | 2,018 | ||
Regulatory liabilities, current | $ 28 | 31 | |
Regulatory liabilities, noncurrent | 10 | 11 | |
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [1] | $ 1,028 | 1,373 |
Securitized Costs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Noncurrent Regulatory Asset Recovery End Date | [2] | 2,029 | |
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [2] | $ 298 | 323 |
ARO [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [1] | 161 | 166 |
Manufactured Gas Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 142 | 139 | |
Unamortized Loss On Reacquired Debt [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 53 | 54 | |
Energy Waste Reduction Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | $ 39 | 1 | |
Energy Waste Reduction Plan Incentive [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Current Asset, End Date for Recovery | [3] | 2,018 | |
Noncurrent Regulatory Asset Recovery End Date | 2,019 | ||
Regulatory assets, current | [3] | $ 18 | 17 |
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | 31 | 18 | |
Gas Storage Inventory Adjustments [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | [4] | $ 10 | 14 |
Other Regulatory Asset (Liability) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Current Asset, End Date for Recovery | 2,018 | ||
Regulatory assets, current | $ 2 | ||
Regulatory assets, noncurrent | $ 2 | $ 3 | |
[1] | The MPSC has authorized a specific return on this regulatory asset. | ||
[2] | This regulatory asset is offset partially by liabilities. The net amount is included in rate base, thereby providing a return. | ||
[3] | These regulatory assets have arisen from an alternative revenue program and are not associated with incurred costs or capital investments. Therefore, the MPSC has provided for recovery without a return. | ||
[4] | These regulatory assets represent incurred costs for which the MPSC has provided, or Consumers expects, recovery without a return on investment. |
Regulatory Matters (Schedule 60
Regulatory Matters (Schedule of Components of the Annual Rate Increase Requested) (Details) - Electric Rate Case [Member] - Consumers Energy Company [Member] $ in Millions | 1 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2017USD ($) | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | $ 148 |
Investment In Rate Base [Member] | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | 45 |
Operating And Maintenance Costs [Member] | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | 42 |
Gross Margin [Member] | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | 42 |
Cost Of Capital [Member] | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | 28 |
Working Capital [Member] | |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | |
Annual rate increase requested, amended | $ (9) |
Regulatory Matters (Schedule 61
Regulatory Matters (Schedule Of The Components Of PSCR And GCR Over/(Under) Recoveries) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||
Accrued rate refunds | $ 33 | $ 21 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||
Accrued rate refunds | 33 | 21 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Power Supply Cost Recover (PSCR) [Member] | ||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||
Accrued rate refunds | 27 | 8 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Gas Cost Recover (GCR) [Member] | ||
Public Utilities, General Disclosures [Line Items] | ||
Accrued rate refunds | $ 6 | $ 13 |
Contingencies And Commitments62
Contingencies And Commitments (Contingencies And Commitments) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)sitelawsuit | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | |
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets | $ 1,764 | $ 2,091 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets | 1,764 | $ 2,091 |
Bay Harbor [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Demand for payment by USEPA | 8 | |
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | $ 48 | |
Discounted projected costs rate | 4.34% | |
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount | $ 61 | |
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate | 1.00% | |
CERCLA Liability [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | $ 3 | |
CERCLA Liability [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Remediation and other response activity costs | 3 | |
CERCLA Liability [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Remediation and other response activity costs | 8 | |
Manufactured Gas Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | $ 88 | |
Discounted projected costs rate | 2.57% | |
Remaining undiscounted obligation amount | $ 96 | |
Number of former MGPs | site | 23 | |
Regulatory assets | $ 142 | |
Authorized recovery, collection period | 10 years | |
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, inflation rate | 2.50% | |
Electric Utility [Member] | NREPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | $ 3 | |
Electric Utility [Member] | NREPA [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Remediation and other response activity costs | 3 | |
Electric Utility [Member] | NREPA [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Remediation and other response activity costs | 4 | |
Gas Utility [Member] | NREPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | 1 | |
Gas Utility [Member] | NREPA [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies | 3 | |
Equatorial Guinea Tax Claim [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Foreign government tax claim on sale | $ 152 | |
Class Action Lawsuits [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Number of lawsuits | lawsuit | 4 | |
Individual Lawsuits [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Number of lawsuits | lawsuit | 1 | |
MCV PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Remediation and other response activity costs | $ 270 |
Contingencies And Commitments63
Contingencies And Commitments (Expected Remediation Cost By Year) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
Manufactured Gas Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Undiscounted amount due in next fiscal year | $ 17 |
Undiscounted amount due within two year | 18 |
Undiscounted amount due within third year | 10 |
Undiscounted amount due within fourth year | 18 |
Undiscounted amount due within five year | 7 |
Bay Harbor [Member] | |
Site Contingency [Line Items] | |
Undiscounted amount due in next fiscal year | 5 |
Undiscounted amount due within two year | 4 |
Undiscounted amount due within third year | 4 |
Undiscounted amount due within fourth year | 4 |
Undiscounted amount due within five year | $ 4 |
Contingencies And Commitments64
Contingencies And Commitments (Guarantees) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)$ / MWhMW | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2015USD ($) | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Expiration Date | [1] | Indefinite | ||
Maximum obligation | [1] | $ 30 | ||
Guarantees [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Expiration Date | [1] | Indefinite | ||
Maximum obligation | [1] | $ 45 | ||
Indemnity Obligations From Stock And Asset Sales Agreements [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Expiration Date | [2] | Indefinite | ||
Maximum obligation | [2] | $ 153 | ||
Carrying Amount | [2] | 7 | ||
Tax And Other Indemnity Obligations [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Carrying Amount | 1 | |||
MCV PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | 2,621 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 350 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 348 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 346 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 335 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 339 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | $ 903 | |||
Term of Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations | 35 years | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations, Minimum Quantity Required | MW | 1,240 | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation Capacity Charge Per Mwh | $ / MWh | 10.14 | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Annual Contribution to Renewable Resources Program By Counterparty | $ 5 | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Contract Extension Period | 5 years | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Purchases | $ 321 | $ 305 | $ 282 | |
Palisades PPA [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations, Maximum Quantity | MW | 798 | |||
Palisades PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | $ 1,647 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 367 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 378 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 388 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 400 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 114 | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Purchases | $ 366 | 363 | 352 | |
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations, Maximum Quantity | MW | 798 | |||
Related Parties PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | $ 1,546 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 87 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 87 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 94 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 96 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 100 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | 1,082 | |||
Other PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | 3,345 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 238 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 235 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 236 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 232 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 242 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | 2,162 | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation, Purchases | 349 | $ 348 | $ 347 | |
PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | 9,159 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 1,042 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 1,048 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 1,064 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 1,063 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 795 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | 4,147 | |||
Other Purchase Obligations [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | 2,026 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 891 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 541 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 186 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 61 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 56 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | 291 | |||
Other Purchase Obligations [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Guarantees And Other Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Purchase Obligations Total | 1,787 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year One | 859 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Two | 511 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Three | 156 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Four | 48 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due in Year Five | 44 | |||
Purchase Obligations Due After Year Five | $ 169 | |||
[1] | At Consumers, this obligation comprises a guarantee provided to the U.S. Department of Energy in connection with a settlement agreement regarding damages resulting from the department's failure to accept spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power plants formerly owned by Consumers. At CMS Energy, the guarantee obligations comprise Consumers' guarantee to the U.S. Department of Energy and CMS Energy's 1994 guarantee of non-recourse revenue bonds issued by Genesee. For additional details on this guarantee, see Note 20, Variable Interest Entities. | |||
[2] | These obligations arose from stock and asset sale agreements under which CMS Energy or a subsidiary of CMS Energy indemnified the purchaser for losses resulting from various matters, primarily claims related to taxes. CMS Energy believes the likelihood of material loss to be remote for the indemnity obligations not recorded as liabilities. |
Financings And Capitalization65
Financings And Capitalization (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items] | ||
Debt issuance | $ 1,410,000,000 | |
Debt retirement, principal | 730,000,000 | |
Limitation on payment of stock dividends | 4,400,000,000 | |
Common stock dividends from Consumers | $ 522,000,000 | |
Common stock, shares authorized | 350,000,000 | 350,000,000 |
Par value of Common Stock | $ 0.01 | |
Shares of Preferred Stock authorized | 10,000,000 | |
Par value of Preferred Stock | $ 0.01 | |
Stock Offering Program Maximum Value | $ 100,000,000 | |
Number of Shares Issued | 1,494,371 | |
Average Price Per Share | $ 47.31 | |
Net Proceeds | $ 70,000,000 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items] | ||
Debt issuance | 835,000,000 | |
Debt retirement, principal | 530,000,000 | |
Unrestricted retained earnings | $ 1,100,000,000 | |
Common stock, shares authorized | 125,000,000 | 125,000,000 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Commercial Paper [Member] | ||
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items] | ||
Weighted average annual interest rate | 1.69% | |
Short-term debt, authorized borrowings | $ 500,000,000 | |
Short-term borrowings outstanding | 170,000,000 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | ||
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items] | ||
Debt issuance | 575,000,000 | |
Debt retirement, principal | 200,000,000 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | Term Loan Facility Due 2019 [Member] | ||
Financing And Capitalization [Line Items] | ||
Debt issuance | $ 180,000,000 | |
Debt instrument, extension term | 1 year | |
Three-month LIBOR plus a spread | 0.80% |
Financings and Capitalization66
Financings and Capitalization (Summary of Long-Term Debt Outstanding) (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 10,265,000,000 | $ 9,564,000,000 | |
Current amounts | (1,081,000,000) | (864,000,000) | |
Net unamortized discounts | (14,000,000) | (15,000,000) | |
Unamortized debt issuance costs | (47,000,000) | (45,000,000) | |
Total long-term debt | 9,123,000,000 | 8,640,000,000 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amounts outstanding | 5,940,000,000 | 5,661,000,000 | |
Current amounts | (343,000,000) | (375,000,000) | |
Net unamortized discounts | (8,000,000) | (8,000,000) | |
Unamortized debt issuance costs | (28,000,000) | (25,000,000) | |
Total long-term debt | 5,561,000,000 | 5,253,000,000 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Total long-term debt | $ 2,830,000,000 | 2,678,000,000 | |
Senior Notes 2.950% Due 2027 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 2.95% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,027 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 275,000,000 | 275,000,000 | |
Term Loan Facility Due 2019 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Maturity Date | [1] | 2,019 | |
Principal amounts outstanding | [1] | $ 180,000,000 | 180,000,000 |
Three-month LIBOR plus a spread | 0.80% | ||
Interest rate at period end | 2.37% | ||
Term Loan Facility Due 2018 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Maturity Date | [2] | 2,018 | |
Principal amounts outstanding | [2] | $ 225,000,000 | |
Three-month LIBOR plus a spread | 0.68% | ||
Interest rate at period end | 2.28% | ||
Tax-Exempt Pollution Control Revenue Bonds [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Maturity Date | 2018-2035 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 103,000,000 | 103,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 2,675,000,000 | 2,525,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 8.750% Due 2019 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | [3] | 8.75% | |
Maturity Date | 2,019 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 100,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 6.250% Due 2020 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 6.25% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,020 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 300,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 5.050% Due 2022 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.05% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,022 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 300,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 3.875% Due June 2024 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.875% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,024 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 3.600% Due 2025 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.60% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,025 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 3.000% Due 2026 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.00% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,026 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 300,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 3.450% Due 2027 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.45% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,027 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 350,000,000 | ||
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 4.700% Due 2043 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.70% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,043 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 4.875% Due March 2044 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.875% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,044 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 300,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 6.875% Due March 2018 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 6.875% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,018 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | 180,000,000 | ||
Other CMS Subsidiaries [Member] | EnerBank Certificates Of Deposit [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | [4] | 1.76% | |
Maturity Date | 2018-2026 | ||
Interest-bearing Domestic Deposit, Brokered | $ 1,245,000,000 | $ 1,198,000,000 | |
Weighted-average interest rate | 1.76% | 1.51% | |
Certificate of deposit face value | $ 1,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal amounts outstanding | [5] | $ 5,535,000,000 | $ 5,050,000,000 |
Weighted-average Interest Rate (%) | 4.44% | 4.57% | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.150% Due February 2017 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.15% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,017 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.21% Due 2017 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.21% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,017 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | 100,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.650% Due 2018 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.65% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,018 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 6.125% Due 2019 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 6.125% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,019 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 350,000,000 | 350,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 6.700% Due 2019 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 6.70% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,019 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 500,000,000 | 500,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.650% Due 2020 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.65% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,020 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 300,000,000 | 300,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.770% Due 2020 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.77% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,020 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 100,000,000 | 100,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.300% Due 2022 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.30% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,022 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 2.850% Due 2022 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 2.85% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,022 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 375,000,000 | 375,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.375% Due 2023 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.375% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,023 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 325,000,000 | 325,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.190% Due 2024 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.19% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,024 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 52,000,000 | 52,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.125% Due August 2024 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.125% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,024 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.390% Due 2027 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.39% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,027 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 35,000,000 | 35,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.180% Due 2032 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.18% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,032 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 100,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.800% Due 2035 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.80% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,035 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 175,000,000 | 175,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.520% Due 2035 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.52% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,037 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 335,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 6.170% Due 2040 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 6.17% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,040 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 4.970% Due 2040 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.97% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,040 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 4.310% Due 2042 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.31% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,042 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 263,000,000 | 263,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.950% Due 2043 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.95% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,043 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 425,000,000 | 425,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 4.100% Due 2045 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.10% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,045 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | 250,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.250% Due 2047 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.25% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,046 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 450,000,000 | 450,000,000 | |
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.950% Due July 2047 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 3.95% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,047 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 350,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.860% Due 2052 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | [6] | 3.86% | |
Maturity Date | 2,052 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 50,000,000 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 4.350% Due August 2064 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 4.35% | ||
Maturity Date | 2,064 | ||
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 250,000,000 | $ 250,000,000 | |
Securitization Bonds [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-average Interest Rate (%) | 2.91% | 2.79% | |
Securitization Bonds [Member] | Securitization Bonds 2.689% Due 2020-2029 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 2.913% | ||
Maturity Date | [7] | 2020-2029 | |
Principal amounts outstanding | $ 302,000,000 | $ 328,000,000 | |
[1] | Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.80 percent (2.37 percent at December 31, 2017). | ||
[2] | Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent (2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). | ||
[3] | CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. | ||
[4] | The weighted-average interest rate for EnerBank's certificates of deposit was 1.76 percent at December 31, 2017 and 1.51 percent at December 31, 2016. EnerBank's primary deposit product consists of brokered certificates of deposit with varying maturities and having a face value of $1,000. | ||
[5] | The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers' first mortgage bonds was 4.44 percent at December 31, 2017 and 4.57 percent at December 31, 2016. | ||
[6] | The weighted-average interest rate for Consumers' securitization bonds issued through its subsidiary Consumers 2014 Securitization Funding was 2.91 percent at December 31, 2017 and 2.79 percent at December 31, 2016. | ||
[7] | Principal and interest payments are made semiannually. |
Financings And Capitalization67
Financings And Capitalization (Major Long-Term Debt Transactions) (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 1,410,000,000 | ||
Debt retirement, principal | 730,000,000 | ||
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 18,000,000 | $ 18,000,000 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | 575,000,000 | ||
Debt retirement, principal | 200,000,000 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | 835,000,000 | ||
Debt retirement, principal | 530,000,000 | ||
Term Loan Facility Due 2018 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | [1] | $ 225,000,000 | |
LIBOR plus | 0.68% | ||
Interest rate at period end | 2.28% | ||
Debt issuance date | [1] | December 2017 | |
Maturity date | [1] | December 2,018 | |
Senior Notes 2.950% Due 2027 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 2.95% | ||
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 3.450% Due 2027 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 350,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.45% | ||
Debt issuance date | February 2017 | ||
Maturity date | August 2,027 | ||
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 5.050% Due 2022 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Interest rate | 5.05% | ||
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 8.750% Due 2019 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | [2] | $ 200,000,000 | |
Interest rate | [2] | 8.75% | |
Debt retirement date | [2] | December 2017 | |
Maturity date | [2] | June 2,019 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | $ 18,000,000 | ||
Senior Notes [Member] | Senior Notes 6.875% Due March 2018 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 180,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 6.875% | ||
Debt retirement date | September 2017 | ||
Maturity date | March 2,018 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.950% Due July 2047 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 350,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.95% | ||
Debt issuance date | February 2017 | ||
Maturity date | July 2,047 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.180% Due September 2032 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 40,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.18% | ||
Debt issuance date | September 2017 | ||
Maturity date | September 2,032 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.520% Due September 2037 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 125,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.52% | ||
Debt issuance date | September 2017 | ||
Maturity date | September 2,037 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.860% Due September 2052 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 20,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.86% | ||
Debt issuance date | September 2017 | ||
Maturity date | September 2,052 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.180% Due November 2032 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 60,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.18% | ||
Debt issuance date | November 2017 | ||
Maturity date | November 2,032 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.520% Due November 2037 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 210,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.52% | ||
Debt issuance date | November 2017 | ||
Maturity date | November 2,037 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.860% Due November 2052 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 30,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.86% | ||
Debt issuance date | November 2017 | ||
Maturity date | November 2,052 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 5.150% Due February 2017 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Debt retirement, principal | $ 250,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 5.15% | ||
Debt retirement date | February 2017 | ||
Maturity date | February 2,017 | ||
First Mortgage Bonds [Member] | FMB's 3.21% Due 2017 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
Principal Balance | $ 100,000,000 | ||
Interest rate | 3.21% | ||
Debt retirement date | October 2017 | ||
Maturity date | October 2,017 | ||
[1] | Outstanding borrowings bear interest at an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.68 percent (2.28 percent at December 31, 2017). CMS Energy used these proceeds to retire $200 million of the 8.75 percent senior notes due June 2019. | ||
[2] | CMS Energy retired this debt at a premium and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $18 million in other expense on its consolidated statements of income. |
Financings and Capitalization68
Financings and Capitalization (Debt Maturities) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
Long-term debt maturities, 2018 | $ 1,081 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2019 | 1,428 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2020 | 905 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2021 | 178 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2022 | 1,039 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Long-term debt maturities, 2018 | 343 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2019 | 876 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2020 | 426 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2021 | 27 |
Long-term debt maturities, 2022 | $ 653 |
Financings And Capitalization69
Financings And Capitalization (Revolving Credit Facilities) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | ||
Revolving Credit Facilities May 27, 2022 [Member] | CMS Energy [Member] | ||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||
Expiration Date | May 27, 2022 | [1],[2] |
Amount of Facility | $ 550 | [1],[2] |
Amount Borrowed | [1],[2] | |
Letters of Credit Outstanding | 6 | [1],[2] |
Amount Available | 544 | [1],[2] |
Average borrowings | $ 21 | |
Weighted average interest rate | 2.02% | |
Revolving Credit Facilities May 27, 2022 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||
Expiration Date | May 27, 2022 | [2],[3] |
Amount of Facility | $ 650 | [2],[3] |
Amount Borrowed | [2],[3] | |
Letters of Credit Outstanding | 7 | [2],[3] |
Amount Available | $ 643 | [2],[3] |
Revolving Credit Facilities November 23, 2019 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||
Expiration Date | Nov. 23, 2019 | [3],[4] |
Amount of Facility | $ 250 | [3],[4] |
Amount Borrowed | [3],[4] | |
Letters of Credit Outstanding | 20 | [3],[4] |
Amount Available | $ 230 | [3],[4] |
Revolving Credit Facilities September 9, 2019 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||
Expiration Date | Sep. 9, 2019 | [3],[5] |
Amount of Facility | $ 30 | [3],[5] |
Amount Borrowed | [3],[5] | |
Letters of Credit Outstanding | $ 30 | [3],[5] |
[1] | During the year ended December 31, 2017, CMS Energy's average borrowings totaled $21 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.02 percent. Obligations under this facility are secured by Consumers common stock. | |
[2] | In May 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from May 2021 to May 2022. | |
[3] | Obligations under these facilities are secured by first mortgage bonds of Consumers. | |
[4] | In November 2017, the expiration date of this revolving credit agreement was extended from November 2018 to November 2019. | |
[5] | In June 2017, the expiration date of this letter of credit reimbursement agreement was extended from May 2018 to September 2019. |
Financings and Capitalization70
Financings and Capitalization (Preferred Stock of Subsidiary) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items] | ||
Par value of Preferred Stock | $ 0.01 | |
Shares of Preferred Stock authorized | 10,000,000 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items] | ||
Preferred stock Value | $ 37 | $ 37 |
Preferred Stock $4.50 Series [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items] | ||
Par value of Preferred Stock | $ 100 | $ 100 |
Shares of Preferred Stock authorized | 7,500,000 | 7,500,000 |
Optional Redemption Price | $ 110 | $ 110 |
Number of Shares | 373,148 | 373,148 |
Preferred stock Value | $ 37 | $ 37 |
Fair Value Measurements (Assets
Fair Value Measurements (Assets And Liabilties Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Cash equivalents | [1] | $ 74 | $ 44 |
Restricted cash equivalents | [1] | 17 | 19 |
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets | [1] | 14 | 12 |
Commodity contracts | [1] | 1 | 1 |
Total | [1] | 252 | 220 |
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities | [1] | 14 | 12 |
Commodity contracts | [1] | 1 | |
Total | [1] | 15 | 12 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Restricted cash equivalents | [1] | 17 | 19 |
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan assets | [1] | 10 | 8 |
Commodity contracts | [1] | 1 | 1 |
Total | [1] | 155 | 165 |
Nonqualified deferred compensation plan liabilities | [1] | 10 | 8 |
Total | [1] | 10 | 8 |
DB SERP [Member] | Cash Equivalents [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Cash equivalents | [1] | 5 | 3 |
DB SERP [Member] | Cash Equivalents [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Cash equivalents | [1] | 4 | 2 |
DB SERP [Member] | Debt Securities [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Available for sale - Fair Value | [1] | 141 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Debt Securities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Available for sale - Fair Value | [1] | 102 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Mutual Fund [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Available for sale - Fair Value | [1] | 141 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Mutual Fund [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Available for sale - Fair Value | [1] | 102 | |
CMS Energy Common Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | |||
Available for sale - Fair Value | [1] | $ 21 | $ 33 |
[1] | All assets and liabilities were classified as Level 1 with the exception of commodity contracts, which were classified as Level 3. |
Financial Instruments (Narrativ
Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Portion of long-term debt supported by third-party credit enhancements | $ 103 | $ 103 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Portion of long-term debt supported by third-party credit enhancements | 103 | $ 103 | |
Gain on CMS Energy common stock | 14 | $ 9 | |
Reclassification adjustments included in net income | 9 | $ 5 | |
DB SERP [Member] | |||
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Reclassification adjustments, before tax | (2) | ||
Reclassification adjustments included in net income | (1) | ||
DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Reclassification adjustments, before tax | (2) | ||
Reclassification adjustments included in net income | $ (1) | ||
Debt Securities [Member] | DB SERP [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |||
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Debt security term | 1 year | ||
Debt Securities [Member] | DB SERP [Member] | Maximum [Member] | |||
Financial Instruments [Line Items] | |||
Debt security term | 10 years |
Financial Instruments (Schedule
Financial Instruments (Schedule Of Carrying Amounts And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Securities held to maturity - Fair Value | $ 16 | $ 13 | |
Accounts receivable, current | 14 | 12 | |
Notes and accrued interest receivable | 198 | 180 | |
Notes receivable and held for sale | 200 | 219 | |
Other liabilities current | 195 | 199 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | 1,081 | 864 | |
DIG Note Payable [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Other liabilities current | 3 | 1 | |
Carrying Amount [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Notes payable, Fair Value | [1] | 27 | 17 |
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [3],[4] | 1,371 | 1,326 |
Securities held to maturity - Fair Value | 16 | 13 | |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [3] | 10,204 | 9,504 |
Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Notes payable, Fair Value | [1] | 26 | 17 |
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [3],[4] | 1,464 | 1,415 |
Securities held to maturity - Fair Value | 16 | 13 | |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [3] | 10,715 | 9,953 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Notes and accrued interest receivable | 17 | 29 | |
Other liabilities current | 159 | 164 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | 343 | 375 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [5] | 17 | 45 |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [6] | 5,904 | 5,628 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [5] | 17 | 45 |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [6] | 6,236 | 5,903 |
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Securities held to maturity - Fair Value | 16 | 13 | |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [3] | 9,363 | 8,990 |
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [6] | 4,883 | 4,940 |
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Notes payable, Fair Value | [1] | 26 | 17 |
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [3],[4] | 1,464 | 1,415 |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [3] | 1,352 | 963 |
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | |||
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items] | |||
Long-term receivable, fair Value | [2] | 21 | 22 |
Notes receivable, Fair Value | [5] | 17 | 45 |
Long-term debt, Fair Value | [6] | $ 1,353 | $ 963 |
[1] | Includes current portion of long-term payables of $3 million at December 31, 2017 and $1 million at December 31, 2016. | ||
[2] | Includes current accounts receivable of $14 million at December 31, 2017 and $12 million at December 31, 2016. | ||
[3] | Includes current portion of long-term debt of $1.1 billion at December 31, 2017 and $864 million at December 31, 2016. | ||
[4] | Includes current portion of notes receivable of $200 million at December 31, 2017 and $219 million at December 31, 2016. | ||
[5] | Includes current portion of notes receivable of $17 million at December 31, 2017 and $29 million at December 31, 2016. | ||
[6] | Includes current portion of long-term debt of $343 million at December 31, 2017 and $375 million at December 31, 2016. |
Financial Instruments (Schedu74
Financial Instruments (Schedule Of Investment Securities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Held to maturity securities - Cost | $ 16 | $ 13 |
Held to maturity securities - Fair Value | 16 | 13 |
CMS Energy Common Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Total | 2 | 4 |
Available for sale - Unrealized Gains | 19 | 29 |
Available for sale - Fair Value | 21 | 33 |
DB SERP [Member] | Mutual Fund [Member] | ||
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Total | 141 | |
Available for sale - Fair Value | 141 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Mutual Fund [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Total | 102 | |
Available for sale - Fair Value | $ 102 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Debt Securities [Member] | ||
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Total | 141 | |
Available for sale - Fair Value | 141 | |
DB SERP [Member] | Debt Securities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Investment Securities [Line Items] | ||
Available-for-sale Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Total | 102 | |
Available for sale - Fair Value | $ 102 |
Financial Instruments (Summary
Financial Instruments (Summary Of Sales Activity For Investment Securities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Proceeds from Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities | $ 145 | $ 6 | $ 3 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Proceeds from Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities | $ 105 | $ 4 | $ 2 |
Notes Receivable (Narrative) (D
Notes Receivable (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | |||
Sale of notes receivable | $ 50 | $ 48 | |
EnerBank [Member] | |||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | |||
Sale of notes receivable | 52 | ||
Unearned income | 84 | $ 84 | |
Delinquent loans | 14 | 11 | |
Loans modified as troubled debt restructurings | $ 1 | 1 | |
Receivables Held For Sale [Member] | EnerBank [Member] | |||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | |||
Unearned income | $ 8 |
Notes Receivable (Schedule Of C
Notes Receivable (Schedule Of Current And Non-Current Notes Receivable) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | $ 198 | $ 180 |
Total notes receivable | 1,371 | 1,326 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | 17 | 29 |
Total notes receivable | 17 | 45 |
EnerBank [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Noncurrent notes receivable | 1,171 | 1,088 |
Receivables, Net Of Allowance For Loan Losses [Member] | EnerBank [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | 178 | 151 |
Receivables Held For Sale [Member] | EnerBank [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | 2 | 39 |
Michigan Tax Settlement [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | 20 | 29 |
Noncurrent notes receivable | 19 | |
Michigan Tax Settlement [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] | ||
Current notes receivable | $ 17 | 29 |
Noncurrent notes receivable | $ 16 |
Notes Receivable (Schedule Of A
Notes Receivable (Schedule Of Allowance For Loan Losses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Notes Receivable [Abstract] | ||
Allowance for loan losses, at beginning of period | $ 16 | $ 9 |
Charge-offs | (19) | (14) |
Recoveries | 3 | 2 |
Provision for loan losses | 20 | 19 |
Allowance for loan losses, at end of period | $ 20 | $ 16 |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen79
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule Of Plant, Property, and Equipment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | $ 22,506 | $ 21,010 | $ 18,943 | |
Construction work in progress | 765 | 761 | ||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (6,510) | (6,056) | ||
Total plant, property, and equipment | [1] | 16,761 | 15,715 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 22,318 | 20,838 | $ 18,797 | |
Construction work in progress | 753 | 759 | ||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (6,441) | (5,994) | ||
Total plant, property, and equipment | [1] | 16,630 | 15,603 | |
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Additions | 1,700 | 2,300 | ||
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Disposals | $ 214 | 285 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Consumers | 3 years | |||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Consumers | 125 years | |||
Electricity Generation Plant, Non-Nuclear [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Generation or Processing | $ 6,025 | 5,900 | ||
Electricity Generation Plant, Non-Nuclear [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Generation | 22 years | |||
Electricity Generation Plant, Non-Nuclear [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Generation | 125 years | |||
Electric Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Distribution | $ 7,603 | 7,149 | ||
Electric Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Distribution | 20 years | |||
Electric Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Distribution | 75 years | |||
Electric Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Transmission | $ 66 | 59 | ||
Electric Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Transmission | 46 years | |||
Electric Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Transmission | 75 years | |||
Electric Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Other Property, Plant and Equipment | $ 1,229 | 1,137 | ||
Electric Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 5 years | |||
Electric Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 50 years | |||
Electric Capital Leases [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Capital leases and financing obligation | [1],[2] | $ 298 | 295 | |
Gas Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Distribution | $ 4,182 | 3,806 | ||
Gas Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Distribution | 20 years | |||
Gas Distribution [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Distribution | 85 years | |||
Gas Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Transmission | $ 1,278 | 1,124 | ||
Gas Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Transmission | 17 years | |||
Gas Transmission [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Transmission | 75 years | |||
Gas Underground Storage Facilities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Other Property, Plant and Equipment | [3] | $ 842 | 630 | |
Gas Underground Storage Facilities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | [3] | 27 years | ||
Gas Underground Storage Facilities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | [3] | 75 years | ||
Gas Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Other Property, Plant and Equipment | $ 764 | 708 | ||
Gas Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 5 years | |||
Gas Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 50 years | |||
Gas Capital Leases [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Capital leases and financing obligation | [2] | $ 14 | 15 | |
Natural Gas [Member] | Gas Underground Storage Facilities [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Other Property, Plant and Equipment | 26 | 26 | ||
Enterprises IPP [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | $ 163 | 141 | ||
Enterprises IPP [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 3 years | |||
Enterprises IPP [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 35 years | |||
Enterprises Other [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | $ 4 | 16 | ||
Enterprises Other [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 3 years | |||
Enterprises Other [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 5 years | |||
Other [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Other non-utility property | $ 21 | 15 | ||
Other [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 1 year | |||
Other [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 7 years | |||
Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Other non-utility property | $ 17 | $ 15 | ||
Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Minimum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 3 years | |||
Other [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Maximum [Member] | ||||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated Depreciable Life in Years, Other | 51 years | |||
[1] | For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers' plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers' plant additions were $2.3 billion and plant retirements were $285 million. | |||
[2] | For information regarding the amortization terms of Consumers' assets under capital leases and financing obligation, see Note 10, Leases and Palisades Financing. | |||
[3] | Underground storage includes base natural gas of $26 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016. Base natural gas is not subject to depreciation. |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen80
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Public Utilities, Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, Schedule of Composite Rate Table) (Details) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Electric Utility [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
AFUDC Capitalization rate | 6.80% | 7.30% | 7.60% |
Gas Utility [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
AFUDC Capitalization rate | 6.00% | 6.20% | 6.20% |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen81
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule of Capital Leased Asssets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Capital Leased Assets, Gross, Additions | [1] | $ 1,722 | $ 1,633 | $ 1,741 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Capital Leased Assets, Gross, Additions | [1] | 1,683 | 1,618 | 1,694 |
Capital Leases, Lessee Balance Sheet, Assets by Major Class, Accumulated Depreciation | 193 | 172 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Assets Held under Capital Leases [Member] | ||||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at beginning of period | 310 | 300 | ||
Capital Leased Assets, Gross, Additions | 3 | 13 | ||
Capital Leased Assets, Gross, Net retirements and other adjustments | (1) | (3) | ||
Balance at end of period | $ 312 | $ 310 | $ 300 | |
[1] | Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers' capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen82
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule Of Depreciation And Amortization) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization | $ 6,510 | $ 6,056 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,441 | 5,994 |
Utility Plant Assets [Member] | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization | 6,439 | 5,993 |
Utility Plant Assets [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,439 | 5,993 |
Non-Utility Plant Assets [Member] | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization | 71 | 63 |
Non-Utility Plant Assets [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | $ 2 | $ 1 |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen83
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Public Utilities Property Plant and Equipment Schedule of Composite Depreciation Rate Table) (Details) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Electric Utility Property [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Disclosure of Composite Depreciation Rate for Plants in Service | 3.90% | 3.90% | 3.50% |
Gas Utility Property [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Disclosure of Composite Depreciation Rate for Plants in Service | 2.90% | 2.90% | 2.80% |
Other property [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Public Utilities, Property, Plant and Equipment, Disclosure of Composite Depreciation Rate for Plants in Service | 10.00% | 9.80% | 8.70% |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen84
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule Of Depreciation And Amortization Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation expense - plant, property, and equipment | $ 739 | $ 687 | $ 591 |
Total depreciation and amortization expense | 881 | 811 | 750 |
Securitized Regulatory Assets [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 25 | 25 | 83 |
Other Regulatory Asset (Liability) [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 2 | ||
Software [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 114 | 96 | 70 |
Other Intangible Assets [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 3 | 3 | 4 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation expense - plant, property, and equipment | 732 | 680 | 586 |
Total depreciation and amortization expense | 872 | 803 | 744 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Securitized Regulatory Assets [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 25 | 25 | 83 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Other Regulatory Asset (Liability) [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 2 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Software [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | 112 | 95 | 69 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Other Intangible Assets [Member] | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization expense | $ 3 | $ 3 | $ 4 |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen85
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule Of Estimated Amortization Expense For Intangibles) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
2,018 | $ 131 |
2,019 | 139 |
2,020 | 135 |
2,021 | 124 |
2,022 | 109 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
2,018 | 129 |
2,019 | 137 |
2,020 | 133 |
2,021 | 123 |
2,022 | $ 108 |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen86
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class Table) (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | ||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | $ 1,158,000,000 | $ 1,052,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 561,000,000 | 444,000,000 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 1,143,000,000 | 1,043,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 555,000,000 | 440,000,000 | |
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Additions | 1,700,000,000 | 2,300,000,000 | |
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Disposals | 214,000,000 | 285,000,000 | |
Software Development Costs [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 950,000,000 | 853,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 481,000,000 | 367,000,000 | |
Software Development Costs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 937,000,000 | 845,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 475,000,000 | 363,000,000 | |
Leasehold Improvements [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1],[2] | 9,000,000 | 7,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | [2] | 7,000,000 | 6,000,000 |
Leasehold Improvements [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1],[2] | 9,000,000 | 7,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | [2] | 7,000,000 | 6,000,000 |
Intangible Plant [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Additions | 100,000,000 | 141,000,000 | |
Public Utilities, Property Plant and Equipment Disposals | 0 | 23,000,000 | |
Rights of Way [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 162,000,000 | 155,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 50,000,000 | 48,000,000 | |
Rights of Way [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 162,000,000 | 155,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 50,000,000 | 48,000,000 | |
Franchises and Consents [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 14,000,000 | 15,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 8,000,000 | 8,000,000 | |
Franchises and Consents [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 14,000,000 | 15,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 8,000,000 | 8,000,000 | |
Other Intangible Assets [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 23,000,000 | 22,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | 15,000,000 | 15,000,000 | |
Other Intangible Assets [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross | [1] | 21,000,000 | 21,000,000 |
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization | $ 15,000,000 | $ 15,000,000 | |
Minimum [Member] | Software Development Costs [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 1 year | ||
Minimum [Member] | Software Development Costs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 3 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Rights of Way [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 50 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Rights of Way [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 50 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Franchises and Consents [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 5 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Franchises and Consents [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 5 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Software Development Costs [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 15 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Software Development Costs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 15 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Rights of Way [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 85 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Rights of Way [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 85 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Franchises and Consents [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 30 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Franchises and Consents [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 30 years | ||
[1] | For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers' intangible asset additions were $100 million and there were no retirements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers' intangible asset additions were $141 million and intangible asset retirements were $23 million. | ||
[2] | Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, which may change whenever the lease is renewed or extended. |
Plant, Property, and Equipmen87
Plant, Property, and Equipment (Jointly Owned Regulated Utility Facilities) (Details) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
J.H. Campbell Unit 3 [Member] | |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |
Ownership share | 93.30% |
Utility plant in service | $ 1,655 |
Accumulated depreciation | (592) |
Construction work-in-progress | 30 |
Net investment | $ 1,093 |
Ludington [Member] | |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |
Ownership share | 51.00% |
Utility plant in service | $ 354 |
Accumulated depreciation | (151) |
Construction work-in-progress | 142 |
Net investment | 345 |
Distribution [Member] | |
Public Utility, Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |
Utility plant in service | 217 |
Accumulated depreciation | (69) |
Construction work-in-progress | 6 |
Net investment | $ 154 |
Leases And Palisades Financin88
Leases And Palisades Financing (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)MW | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2015USD ($) | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Finance Lease Term | 15 years | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Scenario, Plan [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Lease termination cost | $ 172 | ||
Authorized recovery of lease termination cost | $ 137 | ||
Coal-Carrying Railcars [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Operating leases without extension provisions, remaining term | 6 years | ||
Operating leases with extension provisions, remaining term | 9 years | ||
Gas Transportation Pipeline into Karn [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital Lease Term | 15 years | ||
Capital Lease Remaining Term | 4 years | ||
Gas Transportation Pipeline into Zeeland [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital Lease Term | 5 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Coal-Carrying Railcars [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Operating leases, term | 2 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Gas Transportation Pipeline into Zeeland [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital lease renewal term | 5 years | ||
Minimum [Member] | Long-term PPAs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Lease term | 1 year | ||
Maximum [Member] | Coal-Carrying Railcars [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Operating leases, term | 15 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Vehicle Fleet Operations [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital Lease Term | 120 months | ||
Maximum [Member] | Gas Transportation Pipeline into Zeeland [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital lease renewal term | 10 years | ||
Maximum [Member] | Long-term PPAs [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Lease term | 15 years | ||
Capital Leases [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital Leases Future Minimum Payments Present Value Of Net Minimum Payments | $ 58 | ||
Financing Leases [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Finance Leases Lessee Balance Sheet Assets Amortization And Interest Charges | 17 | $ 17 | $ 18 |
Financing Leases [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Capital Leases Future Minimum Payments Present Value Of Net Minimum Payments | $ 55 | ||
Palisades PPA [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations, Maximum Quantity | MW | 798 | ||
Palisades PPA [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Leases [Line Items] | |||
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligations, Maximum Quantity | MW | 798 |
Leases And Palisades Financin89
Leases And Palisades Financing (Schedule of Rent Expense) (Details) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Leases [Line Items] | ||||
Contingent rental expense | [1] | $ 96 | $ 82 | $ 82 |
PPAs [Member] | ||||
Leases [Line Items] | ||||
Minimum operating lease expense | 5 | 6 | 6 | |
Non-PPAs [Member] | ||||
Leases [Line Items] | ||||
Minimum operating lease expense | $ 15 | $ 14 | $ 19 | |
[1] | Contingent rental expense is related to capital and operating lease PPAs and is based on delivery of energy and capacity in excess of minimum lease payments. |
Leases And Palisades Financin90
Leases And Palisades Financing (Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments for Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Leases [Line Items] | ||
Capital and Financing Leases, Non-current portion | $ 91 | $ 110 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Leases [Line Items] | ||
Capital and Financing Leases, Non-current portion | 91 | $ 110 |
Operating Leases, 2018 | 15 | |
Operating Leases, 2019 | 9 | |
Operating Leases, 2020 | 9 | |
Operating Leases, 2021 | 9 | |
Operating Leases, 2022 | 4 | |
Operating Leases, 2023 and thereafter | 7 | |
Operating Leases, Total minimum lease payments | 53 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Capital Leases [Member] | ||
Leases [Line Items] | ||
Capital and Financing Leases, 2018 | 15 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2019 | 15 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2020 | 12 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2021 | 12 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2022 | 8 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2023 and thereafter | 21 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Total minimum lease payments | 83 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Less imputed interest | 25 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Present value of net minimum lease payments | 58 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Less current portion | 9 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Non-current portion | 49 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Financing Leases [Member] | ||
Leases [Line Items] | ||
Capital and Financing Leases, 2018 | 16 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2019 | 15 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2020 | 14 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2021 | 14 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, 2022 | 3 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Total minimum lease payments | 62 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Less imputed interest | 7 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Present value of net minimum lease payments | 55 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Less current portion | 13 | |
Capital and Financing Leases, Non-current portion | $ 42 |
Asset Retirement Obligations (D
Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | $ 447 | $ 439 |
Incurred | 5 | 3 |
Settled | (45) | (18) |
Accretion | 23 | 23 |
ARO Liability, end of period | 430 | 447 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 446 | 438 |
Incurred | 5 | 3 |
Settled | (45) | (18) |
Accretion | 23 | 23 |
ARO Liability, end of period | 429 | 446 |
Gas Treating Plant and Gas Wells [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 1 | 1 |
Incurred | ||
Settled | ||
Accretion | ||
Cash flow Revisions | ||
ARO Liability, end of period | 1 | 1 |
Coal Ash Disposal Areas [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 201 | 200 |
Settled | (18) | (8) |
Accretion | 8 | 9 |
ARO Liability, end of period | 191 | 201 |
Gas Distribution Cut, Purge, And Cap [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 182 | 178 |
Incurred | 3 | 2 |
Settled | (11) | (9) |
Accretion | 12 | 11 |
ARO Liability, end of period | 186 | 182 |
Asbestos Abatement [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 56 | 54 |
Settled | (16) | (1) |
Accretion | 2 | 3 |
ARO Liability, end of period | 42 | 56 |
Renewable Generation Assets [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Asset Retirement Obligations [Line Items] | ||
ARO Liability, at beginning of period | 7 | 6 |
Incurred | 2 | 1 |
Settled | ||
Accretion | 1 | |
Cash flow Revisions | ||
ARO Liability, end of period | $ 10 | $ 7 |
Retirement Benefits (Narrative)
Retirement Benefits (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)item | Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)item | Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)item | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Decrease deferred tax assets | $ (904) | $ (967) | ||
Postretirement benefits contributions | $ 12 | 108 | $ 262 | |
Union employees percentage | 38.00% | |||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Postretirement benefits contributions | $ 8 | 98 | 243 | |
Union employees percentage | 40.00% | |||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Trust assets | $ 2,305 | 2,101 | 2,013 | |
Period for gains or losses to be included in market related value | 5 years | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | 100 | |||
Funded status | [1] | $ (475) | (461) | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation | $ 2,400 | 2,250 | ||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Period for gains or losses to be included in market related value | 5 years | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | 93 | |||
Funded status | $ (455) | (441) | ||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 53.00% | |||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 41.00% | |||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Alternative Strategy Investments [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 6.00% | |||
OPEB Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Trust assets | $ 1,420 | $ 1,264 | $ 1,208 | |
Retirement age requirement | item | 55 | 55 | 55 | |
Retirement years of service | 10 years | |||
Retirement years of service with disability | 15 years | |||
Ultimate health care cost trend rate | 4.75% | |||
Year that rate reaches ultimate trend rate | 2,027 | |||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 11 years | 11 years | 13 years | |
Estimated time of prior service cost | 10 years | 10 years | ||
Funded status | $ 323 | $ (144) | ||
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Trust assets | $ 1,329 | $ 1,184 | $ 1,133 | |
Retirement age requirement | item | 55 | 55 | 55 | |
Retirement years of service | 10 years | |||
Retirement years of service with disability | 15 years | |||
Ultimate health care cost trend rate | 4.75% | |||
Year that rate reaches ultimate trend rate | 2,027 | |||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 11 years | 11 years | 13 years | |
Estimated time of prior service cost | 10 years | 10 years | ||
Funded status | $ 276 | $ (181) | ||
Pension And OPEB [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized net gains and losses in excess of PBO or MRV | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Pension And OPEB [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized net gains and losses in excess of PBO or MRV | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% | |
Postretirement Health Trusts [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 50.00% | |||
Postretirement Health Trusts [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 30.00% | |||
Postretirement Health Trusts [Member] | Alternative Strategy Investments [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 20.00% | |||
Postretirement Life Trusts [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 42.00% | |||
Postretirement Life Trusts [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 28.00% | |||
Postretirement Life Trusts [Member] | Alternative Strategy Investments [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Target Plan Asset Allocations | 30.00% | |||
Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 23 | $ 20 | $ 16 | |
Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | 22 | 19 | 16 | |
DC SERP [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 1 | |||
Minimum years of participation before vesting | 5 years | |||
Trust assets | $ 5 | 3 | ||
DC SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 1 | |||
Minimum years of participation before vesting | 5 years | |||
Trust assets | $ 5 | 3 | ||
401 (K) Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 26 | 24 | 19 | |
Employer match of eligible contributions | 100.00% | |||
Employer match of eligible wages | 3.00% | |||
Secondary employer match of eligible contributions | 50.00% | |||
Secondary employer match of eligible wages | 2.00% | |||
401 (K) Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 25 | $ 23 | $ 19 | |
Employer match of eligible contributions | 100.00% | |||
Employer match of eligible wages | 3.00% | |||
Secondary employer match of eligible contributions | 50.00% | |||
Secondary employer match of eligible wages | 2.00% | |||
Pension Plan A [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Trust assets | $ 893 | |||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 9 years | |||
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation | $ 1,164 | |||
Pension Plan A [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 9 years | |||
Pension Plan B [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 20 years | 10 years | 10 years | |
Pension Plan B [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Estimated time of amortization of gains losses | 20 years | 10 years | 10 years | |
Minimum [Member] | Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Employer match of eligible wages | 5.00% | |||
Minimum [Member] | Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Employer match of eligible wages | 5.00% | |||
Minimum [Member] | DC SERP [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan contribution percentage | 5.00% | |||
Minimum [Member] | DC SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan contribution percentage | 5.00% | |||
Maximum [Member] | Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Employer match of eligible wages | 7.00% | |||
Maximum [Member] | Defined Company Contribution Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Employer match of eligible wages | 7.00% | |||
Maximum [Member] | DC SERP [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 1 | $ 1 | ||
Plan contribution percentage | 15.00% | |||
Maximum [Member] | DC SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Plan cost, defined contribution plan | $ 1 | $ 1 | ||
Plan contribution percentage | 15.00% | |||
Under Age 65 [Member] | OPEB Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next fiscal year | 7.50% | 7.00% | ||
Under Age 65 [Member] | OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next fiscal year | 7.50% | 7.00% | ||
Over Age 65 [Member] | OPEB Plan [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next fiscal year | 8.00% | 7.75% | ||
Over Age 65 [Member] | OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next fiscal year | 8.00% | 7.75% | ||
[1] | At December 31, 2017, $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016, $441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule O
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of SERP Trust Assets, ABO And Contributions) (Details) - DB SERP [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
ABO | $ 149 | $ 143 |
Contributions | 7 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
ABO | 107 | 101 |
Contributions | 6 | |
DB SERP Trust Assets [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Trust assets | 146 | 144 |
DB SERP Trust Assets [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Trust assets | $ 106 | $ 104 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule94
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Effect Of One-Percentage-Point Change In Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Service and Interest Cost Components | $ 2 |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation | 32 |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Service and Interest Cost Components | (2) |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation | (28) |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Service and Interest Cost Components | 2 |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation | 30 |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Service and Interest Cost Components | (2) |
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation | $ (27) |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule95
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Assumptions Used) (Details) | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Actual rate of return on plan assets | 18.00% | 8.00% | (2.00%) | ||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Return on Assets | [1],[2] | 7.25% | 7.25% | 7.50% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Service Cost Discount Rate | [2],[3],[4] | 4.53% | 4.79% | 4.10% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Interest Cost Discount Rate | [2],[3],[4] | 3.56% | 3.66% | 4.10% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Rate of Compensation Increase | [2] | 3.60% | 3.00% | 3.00% | |
Actual rate of return on plan assets | 18.00% | 8.00% | (2.00%) | ||
DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate | [2],[4] | 3.65% | 4.16% | 4.43% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase | [2],[4] | 5.50% | 5.50% | 5.50% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Service Cost Discount Rate | [2],[3],[4] | 4.51% | 4.87% | 4.10% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Interest Cost Discount Rate | [2],[3],[4] | 3.51% | 3.64% | 4.10% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Rate of Compensation Increase | [2] | 5.50% | 5.50% | 5.50% | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate | [2],[4] | 3.74% | 4.49% | 4.70% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Return on Assets | [1],[2] | 7.25% | 7.25% | 7.25% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Service Cost Discount Rate | [2],[3],[4] | 4.89% | 4.75% | 4.30% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Interest Cost Discount Rate | [2],[4],[5] | 3.79% | 3.89% | 4.30% | |
Pension Plan A [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate | [2],[4],[5] | 3.78% | |||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase | [2],[5] | 3.50% | |||
Pension Plan B [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate | 4.30% | 4.52% | |||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.60% | 3.00% | |||
Pension Plan B [Member] | DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate | 3.64% | [2],[4],[5] | 4.30% | 4.52% | |
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.60% | 3.00% | |||
[1] | CMS Energy and Consumers determined the long-term rate of return using historical market returns, the present and expected future economic environment, the capital market principles of risk and return, and the expert opinions of individuals and firms with financial market knowledge. CMS Energy and Consumers considered the asset allocation of the portfolio in forecasting the future expected total return of the portfolio. The goal was to determine a long-term rate of return that could be incorporated into the planning of future cash flow requirements in conjunction with the change in the liability. Annually, CMS Energy and Consumers review for reasonableness and appropriateness the forecasted returns for various classes of assets used to construct an expected return model. CMS Energy's and Consumers' expected long-term rate of return on the assets of the DB Pension Plans was 7.25 percent in 2017. The actual return (loss) on the assets of the DB Pension Plans was 18.0 percent in 2017, 8.0 percent in 2016, and (2.0) percent in 2015. | ||||
[2] | The mortality assumption for benefit obligations was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-2017 for 2017, MP-2016 for 2016, and MP-2015 for 2015. The mortality assumption for net periodic benefit cost for 2017, 2016, and 2015 was based on the RP-2014 mortality table, with projection scales MP-2016 for 2017, MP-2015 for 2016, and MP-2014 for 2015. | ||||
[3] | In January 2016, CMS Energy and Consumers changed the method they use to determine the discount rate used to calculate the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs for the DB Pension and OPEB Plans. Historically, the discount rate used for this purpose represented a single weighted-average rate derived from the yield curve used to determine the benefit obligation. CMS Energy and Consumers have elected to use instead a full-yield-curve approach in the estimation of service cost and interest cost; this approach is more accurate in that it applies individual spot rates along the yield curve to future projected benefit payments based on the time of payment. | ||||
[4] | The discount rate reflects the rate at which benefits could be effectively settled and is equal to the equivalent single rate resulting from a yield-curve analysis. This analysis incorporated the projected benefit payments specific to CMS Energy's and Consumers' DB Pension Plans and OPEB Plan and the yields on high-quality corporate bonds rated Aa or better. | ||||
[5] | Effective December 31, 2017, CMS Energy's and Consumers' existing defined benefit pension plan was amended to include only retired or inactive employees; this amended plan is referred to as DB Pension Plan B. Active employees were moved to a newly created pension plan, referred to as DB Pension Plan A. The discount rate used to measure the existing plan was 4.30 percent at December 31, 2016 and 4.52 percent at December 31, 2015. The weighted-average rate of compensation increase used to measure the existing plan was 3.60 percent at December 31, 2016 and 3.00 percent at December 31, 2015. |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule96
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Net Benefit Costs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
DB Pension Plans And DB SERP [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Service cost | $ 45 | $ 42 | $ 50 |
Interest cost | 93 | 90 | 108 |
Expected return on plan assets | (153) | (147) | (138) |
Amortization of Net loss | 82 | 71 | 97 |
Amortization of Prior service cost (credit) | 5 | 4 | 1 |
Net periodic cost (credit) | 72 | 60 | 118 |
DB Pension Plans And DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Service cost | 44 | 41 | 49 |
Interest cost | 90 | 87 | 103 |
Expected return on plan assets | (149) | (143) | (134) |
Amortization of Net loss | 79 | 68 | 93 |
Amortization of Prior service cost (credit) | 4 | 4 | 1 |
Net periodic cost (credit) | 68 | 57 | 112 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Service cost | 19 | 18 | 25 |
Interest cost | 51 | 46 | 58 |
Expected return on plan assets | (90) | (85) | (91) |
Amortization of Net loss | 29 | 21 | 21 |
Amortization of Prior service cost (credit) | (40) | (41) | (41) |
Net periodic cost (credit) | (31) | (41) | (28) |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Service cost | 19 | 17 | 25 |
Interest cost | 49 | 45 | 56 |
Expected return on plan assets | (84) | (80) | (86) |
Amortization of Net loss | 29 | 22 | 22 |
Amortization of Prior service cost (credit) | (39) | (40) | (40) |
Net periodic cost (credit) | $ (26) | $ (36) | $ (23) |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule97
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Net Loss And Prior Service Cost (Credit) That Will Be Amortized In Next Fiscal Year) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Regulatory asset (liability) | $ 75 |
AOCI | 2 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Regulatory asset (liability) | 75 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Regulatory asset (liability) | (49) |
AOCI | (2) |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Regulatory asset (liability) | $ (49) |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule98
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Benefit Obligations In Excess Of Fair Value Of Plan Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period | $ 2,562 | $ 2,403 | |||
Service cost | 45 | 42 | |||
Interest cost | 88 | 85 | |||
Actuarial (gain) loss | 241 | [1] | 196 | ||
Benefits paid | (156) | (164) | |||
Benefit obligation at end of period | 2,780 | 2,562 | $ 2,403 | ||
Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period | 2,101 | 2,013 | |||
Actual return on plan assets | 360 | 152 | |||
Company contributions | 100 | ||||
Actual benefits paid | (156) | (164) | |||
Plan assets at fair value at end of period | 2,305 | 2,101 | 2,013 | ||
Funded status | [2] | (475) | (461) | ||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Funded status | (455) | (441) | |||
DB SERP [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period | 151 | 150 | |||
Interest cost | 5 | 5 | |||
Actuarial (gain) loss | 7 | 4 | |||
Benefits paid | (9) | (8) | |||
Benefit obligation at end of period | 154 | 151 | 150 | ||
Company contributions | 9 | 8 | |||
Actual benefits paid | (9) | (8) | |||
Funded status | (154) | (151) | |||
DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period | 109 | 106 | |||
Interest cost | 4 | 4 | |||
Actuarial (gain) loss | 5 | 4 | |||
Benefits paid | (6) | (5) | |||
Benefit obligation at end of period | 112 | 109 | 106 | ||
Company contributions | 6 | 5 | |||
Actual benefits paid | (6) | (5) | |||
Funded status | (112) | (109) | |||
OPEB Plan [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period | 1,408 | 1,227 | |||
Service cost | 19 | 18 | 25 | ||
Interest cost | 51 | 46 | 58 | ||
Plan amendments | (309) | ||||
Actuarial (gain) loss | [1] | (24) | 171 | ||
Benefits paid | (48) | (54) | |||
Benefit obligation at end of period | 1,097 | 1,408 | 1,227 | ||
Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period | 1,264 | 1,208 | |||
Actual return on plan assets | 203 | 109 | |||
Actual benefits paid | (47) | (53) | |||
Plan assets at fair value at end of period | 1,420 | 1,264 | 1,208 | ||
Funded status | 323 | (144) | |||
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of period | 1,365 | 1,188 | |||
Service cost | 19 | 17 | 25 | ||
Interest cost | 49 | 45 | 56 | ||
Plan amendments | (303) | ||||
Actuarial (gain) loss | [1] | (31) | 167 | ||
Benefits paid | (46) | (52) | |||
Benefit obligation at end of period | 1,053 | 1,365 | 1,188 | ||
Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period | 1,184 | 1,133 | |||
Actual return on plan assets | 190 | 103 | |||
Actual benefits paid | (45) | (52) | |||
Plan assets at fair value at end of period | 1,329 | 1,184 | $ 1,133 | ||
Funded status | $ 276 | $ (181) | |||
[1] | The actuarial loss for 2017 for the DB Pension Plans was primarily the result of lowering the discount rates. The actuarial gain for 2017 for the OPEB Plan was primarily the result of better claim experience in calculating the plan's funded status. The actuarial loss for 2016 was primarily the result of claims, experience, and lowering the discount rates used in calculating the plans' funded status. | ||||
[2] | At December 31, 2017, $455 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. At December 31, 2016, $441 million of the total funded status of the DB Pension Plans was attributable to Consumers, based on an allocation of expenses. |
Retirement Benefits (Schedule99
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Retirement Benefit Plan Assets (Liabilities)) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Non-current liabilities | $ 766 | $ 789 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Non-current liabilities | 711 | 730 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Non-current assets | 143 | |
Non-current liabilities | 618 | 461 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Current liabilities | 147 | |
Non-current liabilities | 602 | 441 |
DB SERP [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Current liabilities | 9 | 8 |
Non-current liabilities | 145 | 143 |
DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Current liabilities | 7 | 5 |
Non-current liabilities | 105 | 104 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Non-current assets | 323 | |
Non-current liabilities | 144 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Non-current assets | $ 276 | |
Non-current liabilities | $ 181 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul100
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Accumulated And Projected Benefit Obligations) (Details) - DB Pension Plans [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Pension PBO | $ 2,780 | $ 2,562 | $ 2,403 |
Pension ABO | 2,400 | 2,250 | |
Fair value of plan assets | 2,305 | $ 2,101 | $ 2,013 |
Pension Plan A [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Pension PBO | 1,511 | ||
Pension ABO | 1,164 | ||
Fair value of plan assets | $ 893 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul101
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Net Periodic Benefit Cost Not yet Recognized) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Total regulatory asset | $ 1,784 | $ 2,108 |
Total regulatory liabilities | (3,795) | (2,136) |
DB Pension Plans And DB SERP [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Net loss | 1,017 | 1,062 |
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Prior service cost (credit) | 11 | 15 |
Total regulatory asset | 1,028 | 1,077 |
AOCI, Net loss (gain) | 97 | 93 |
AOCI, Prior service cost (credit) | 1 | 1 |
Total amounts recognized in regulatory assests (liabilities) and AOCI | 1,126 | 1,171 |
DB Pension Plans And DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Net loss | 1,017 | 1,062 |
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Prior service cost (credit) | 11 | 15 |
Total regulatory asset | 1,028 | 1,077 |
AOCI, Net loss (gain) | 36 | 33 |
Total amounts recognized in regulatory assests (liabilities) and AOCI | 1,064 | 1,110 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Net loss | 316 | 483 |
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Prior service cost (credit) | (451) | (187) |
Total regulatory asset | 296 | |
Total regulatory liabilities | (135) | |
AOCI, Net loss (gain) | (6) | (8) |
AOCI, Prior service cost (credit) | (12) | (6) |
Total amounts recognized in regulatory assests (liabilities) and AOCI | (153) | 282 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | ||
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Net loss | 316 | 483 |
Regulatory assets (liabilities), Prior service cost (credit) | (451) | (187) |
Total regulatory asset | 296 | |
Total regulatory liabilities | (135) | |
Total amounts recognized in regulatory assests (liabilities) and AOCI | $ (135) | $ 296 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul102
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Allocation Of Plan Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | $ 2,305 | $ 2,101 | $ 2,013 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Cash and Short-Term Investments [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 21 | 110 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Cash and Short-Term Investments [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 21 | 110 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | U.S. Government and Agencies Securities [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 4 | 1 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | U.S. Government and Agencies Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 4 | 1 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Corporate Debt [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 336 | 266 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Corporate Debt [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 336 | 266 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | State and Municipal Bonds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 9 | 9 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | State and Municipal Bonds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 9 | 9 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Corporate Debt [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 31 | 25 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Corporate Debt [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 31 | 25 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Mutual Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 662 | 571 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 662 | 571 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1,063 | 982 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 683 | 681 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 380 | 301 | |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Pooled Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1,242 | 1,119 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1,420 | 1,264 | 1,208 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1,329 | 1,184 | $ 1,133 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Cash and Short-Term Investments [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 16 | 39 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Cash and Short-Term Investments [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 16 | 39 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | U.S. Government and Agencies Securities [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1 | ||
OPEB Plan [Member] | U.S. Government and Agencies Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1 | ||
OPEB Plan [Member] | Corporate Debt [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 50 | 38 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Corporate Debt [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 50 | 38 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | State and Municipal Bonds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1 | 1 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | State and Municipal Bonds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 1 | 1 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Foreign Corporate Debt [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 4 | 4 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Foreign Corporate Debt [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 4 | 4 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Common Stocks [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 40 | 44 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Common Stocks [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 40 | 44 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Mutual Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 647 | 563 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Mutual Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 647 | 563 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 759 | 689 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 703 | 646 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Plan Assets Excluding Pooled Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | 56 | 43 | |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Pooled Funds [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of plan assets | $ 661 | $ 575 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul103
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Asset Allocations) (Details) | Dec. 31, 2017 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 100.00% |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 55.00% |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 30.00% |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Alternative Strategy Investments [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 15.00% |
OPEB Plan [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 100.00% |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 52.00% |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 25.00% |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Alternative Strategy Investments [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Asset allocation | 23.00% |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul104
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Plan Contributions) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | $ 12 | $ 108 | $ 262 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | $ 8 | 98 | $ 243 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | 100 | ||
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Postretirement benefits contributions | $ 93 |
Retirement Benefits (Schedul105
Retirement Benefits (Schedule Of Expected Benefit Payments) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | $ 157 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 163 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 168 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 169 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 170 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | 457 |
DB Pension Plans [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | 153 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 159 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 163 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 164 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 166 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | 457 |
DB SERP [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | 10 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 10 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 10 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 10 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 10 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | 47 |
DB SERP [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | 7 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 7 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 7 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 7 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 7 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | 32 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | 56 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 58 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 60 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 62 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 62 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | 312 |
OPEB Plan [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |
Benefit Payments, 2018 | 54 |
Benefit Payments, 2019 | 55 |
Benefit Payments, 2020 | 57 |
Benefit Payments, 2021 | 59 |
Benefit Payments, 2022 | 60 |
Benefit Payments, 2023-2027 | $ 298 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Narra
Stock-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)shares | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Deferred Compensation Arrangements Plan Term | 10 years |
Number of shares authorized | 6,500,000 |
Maximum shares issuable per employee | 500,000 |
Shares available for grant | 4,342,829 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Deferred Compensation Arrangements Plan Term | 10 years |
Number of shares authorized | 6,500,000 |
Maximum shares issuable per employee | 500,000 |
Shares available for grant | 4,342,829 |
Minimum [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Percent of Initial Grant Issued on Vesting Date | 0.00% |
Minimum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Percent of Initial Grant Issued on Vesting Date | 0.00% |
Maximum [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Percent of Initial Grant Issued on Vesting Date | 200.00% |
Maximum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Percent of Initial Grant Issued on Vesting Date | 200.00% |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 38 months |
Vesting period | 3 years |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 38 months |
Vesting period | 3 years |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Minimum [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 36 months |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 36 months |
Market-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 3 years |
Vesting period | 3 years |
Market-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 3 years |
Vesting period | 3 years |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 3 years |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 3 years |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 1 year |
Shares forfeited | 0 |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Service period | 1 year |
Shares forfeited | 0 |
Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Shares forfeited | 93,501 |
Unrecognized compensation cost | $ | $ 18 |
Unrecognized compensation cost recognition period | 2 years |
Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Shares forfeited | 84,293 |
Unrecognized compensation cost | $ | $ 17 |
Unrecognized compensation cost recognition period | 2 years |
Stock-Based Compensation (Sched
Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule Of Restricted Stock Activity) (Details) - $ / shares | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 734,603 | ||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 703,022 | ||
Restricted Stock [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 722,215 | ||
Number of Shares, Vested | (819,795) | ||
Number of Shares, Forfeited | (93,501) | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 28.61 | $ 31.74 | $ 36.84 |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Vested | 19.53 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Forfeited | $ 39.19 | ||
Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 691,052 | ||
Number of Shares, Vested | (787,039) | ||
Number of Shares, Forfeited | (84,293) | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 28.67 | 31.77 | 36.83 |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Vested | 19.56 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Forfeited | $ 39.19 | ||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 12,388 | ||
Number of Shares, Vested | (15,638) | ||
Number of Shares, Forfeited | 0 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 41.98 | 39.12 | 34.25 |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Vested | $ 38.37 | ||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, Granted | 11,970 | ||
Number of Shares, Vested | (15,199) | ||
Number of Shares, Forfeited | 0 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 41.97 | $ 39.12 | $ 34.25 |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Vested | $ 38.37 | ||
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, at beginning of period | 1,387,597 | ||
Number of Shares, at end of period | 1,193,266 | 1,387,597 | |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, at beginning of period | $ 32.44 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, at end of period | $ 38.48 | $ 32.44 | |
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Number of Shares, at beginning of period | 1,328,631 | ||
Number of Shares, at end of period | 1,145,122 | 1,328,631 | |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, at beginning of period | $ 32.41 | ||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, at end of period | $ 38.50 | $ 32.41 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Sc108
Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule Of Restricted Stock Granted) (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017shares | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 734,603 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 703,022 |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 164,640 |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 159,260 |
Market-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 157,064 |
Market-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 149,870 |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 157,064 |
Performance-Based Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 149,870 |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 12,388 |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 11,970 |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock Units [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 11,444 |
Time-Lapsed Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 11,055 |
Dividends On Market-Based Awards [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 24,137 |
Dividends On Market-Based Awards [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 22,976 |
Dividends On Performance-Based Awards [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 22,894 |
Dividends On Performance-Based Awards [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 21,791 |
Dividends On Restricted Stock Units [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 944 |
Dividends On Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 915 |
Additional Market-Based Shares Based On Achievement Of Condition [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 113,079 |
Additional Market-Based Shares Based On Achievement Of Condition [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 107,823 |
Additional Performance-Based Shares Based On Achievement Of Condition [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 83,337 |
Additional Performance-Based Shares Based On Achievement Of Condition [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of Shares, Granted | 79,462 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Sc109
Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule Of Share-Based Payment Award, Restricted Stock, Valuation Assumptions) (Details) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract] | |||
Expected volatility | 18.00% | 16.70% | 14.10% |
Expected dividend yield | 3.00% | 3.20% | 3.30% |
Risk-free rate | 1.50% | 1.00% | 0.80% |
Stock-Based Compensation (Share
Stock-Based Compensation (Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants In Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value) (Details) - $ / shares | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Restricted Stock [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 28.61 | $ 31.74 | $ 36.84 |
Restricted Stock [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | 28.67 | 31.77 | 36.83 |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | 41.98 | 39.12 | 34.25 |
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share, Granted | $ 41.97 | $ 39.12 | $ 34.25 |
Stock-Based Compensation (Sc111
Stock-Based Compensation (Schedule Of Compensation Cost For Share-Based Payment Arrangements, Allocation Of Share-Based Compensation Costs By Plan) (Details) - Restricted Stock [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of shares that vested during the year | $ 37 | $ 31 | $ 29 |
Compensation expense recognized | 17 | 16 | 20 |
Income tax benefit recognized | 7 | 7 | 8 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Fair value of shares that vested during the year | 35 | 30 | 28 |
Compensation expense recognized | 16 | 16 | 19 |
Income tax benefit recognized | $ 7 | $ 6 | $ 7 |
Income Taxes (Narrative) (Detai
Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
U.S. federal income tax rate | 35.00% | |||
Alternative minimum tax, recovery period | 4 years | |||
Increase (decrease) to deferred income tax expense related to tax rate changes | $ 148 | |||
Increase (decrease) to deferred tax liabilities related to tax rate changes | 1,300 | |||
Valuation allowance | 15 | $ 5 | ||
Alternative minimum tax credit reclassification | 124 | |||
Alternative minimum tax credits, sequestration | 9 | |||
Interest and penalties | 0 | 0 | $ 0 | |
General Business Tax Credit Carryforward [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Valuation Allowance - General business credits | $ 3 | |||
Tax Year 2018 [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Alternative minimum tax, recovery period | 4 years | |||
Threshold of taxable income for NOL | 80.00% | |||
Percent of cost of property that may be expensed when placed in service | 100.00% | |||
Threshold of adjusted taxable income fore net interest expense deduction | 30.00% | |||
Scenario, Forecast [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
U.S. federal income tax rate | 21.00% | |||
Cash Refunds Of Alternative Minimum Tax Credits [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Valuation allowance | $ 10 | |||
CMS Energy [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Increase (decrease) to deferred tax assets related to tax rate changes | 239 | |||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Increase (decrease) to deferred income tax expense related to tax rate changes | 33 | |||
Interest and penalties | 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | |
Local Jurisdiction [Member] | ||||
Income Tax Benefits [Line Items] | ||||
Valuation Allowance - Loss carryforward | $ 2 |
Income Taxes (Schedule Of Effec
Income Taxes (Schedule Of Effective Income Rate Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Income from continuing operataions before income taxes | $ 886 | $ 826 | $ 796 | |
Income tax expense at statutory rate | 310 | 289 | 279 | |
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect | [1] | 26 | 37 | 39 |
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits | [2] | (39) | (39) | (39) |
Employee share-based awards | (6) | (7) | ||
Impact of TCJA | 148 | |||
Other, net | (15) | (7) | (8) | |
Income Tax Expense | $ 424 | $ 273 | $ 271 | |
Effective tax rate | 47.90% | 33.10% | 34.00% | |
Income tax benefit | $ 14 | |||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Income from continuing operataions before income taxes | 971 | $ 936 | $ 896 | |
Income tax expense at statutory rate | 340 | 328 | 314 | |
State and local income taxes, net of federal effect | [1] | 30 | 44 | 42 |
Accelerated flow-through of regulatory tax benefits | [2] | (39) | (39) | (39) |
Employee share-based awards | (6) | (6) | ||
Impact of TCJA | 33 | |||
Other, net | (19) | (7) | (15) | |
Income Tax Expense | $ 339 | $ 320 | $ 302 | |
Effective tax rate | 34.90% | 34.20% | 33.70% | |
Income tax benefit | $ 14 | |||
Reduction of income tax expense | $ 39 | $ 39 | $ 39 | |
[1] | In September 2017, CMS Energy completed the evaluation of its methodology for the state apportionment of Consumers' electricity sales to MISO, taking into account recent state tax law developments in the electric utility sector. As a result, CMS Energy intends to amend state income tax filings for 2013 through 2016 to seek a refund of taxes previously paid. To recognize the anticipated refund and the impact of the expected lower effective tax rate on their deferred state tax liabilities, CMS Energy, including Consumers, recorded a $14 million income tax benefit in 2017. The $14 million income tax benefit was net of reserves for uncertain tax positions and primarily attributable to Consumers. | |||
[2] | In 2013, the MPSC issued an order authorizing Consumers to accelerate the flow-through to electric and gas customers of certain income tax benefits associated primarily with the cost of removal of plant placed in service before 1993. Consumers implemented this regulatory treatment beginning in 2014. This change, which also accelerates Consumers' recognition of the income tax benefits, reduced Consumers' income tax expense by $39 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015. |
Income Taxes (Significant Compo
Income Taxes (Significant Components Of Income Tax Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
State and Local | $ 6 | $ 9 | $ 24 |
Total Current Income Tax Expense | 6 | 9 | 24 |
Federal, deferred income taxes | 368 | 200 | 192 |
State and Local, deferred income taxes | 36 | 47 | 36 |
Total Deferred Income Tax Expense | 404 | 247 | 228 |
Deferred income tax credit | 14 | 17 | 19 |
Tax Expense | 424 | 273 | 271 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Federal | 159 | 9 | 66 |
State and Local | 17 | 22 | 32 |
Total Current Income Tax Expense | 176 | 31 | 98 |
Federal, deferred income taxes | 120 | 227 | 153 |
State and Local, deferred income taxes | 29 | 45 | 32 |
Total Deferred Income Tax Expense | 149 | 272 | 185 |
Deferred income tax credit | 14 | 17 | 19 |
Tax Expense | $ 339 | $ 320 | $ 302 |
Income Taxes (Principal Compone
Income Taxes (Principal Components Of Deferred Income Tax Assets And Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Tax loss and credit carryforwards | $ 453 | $ 871 |
Net regulatory tax liability | 411 | 27 |
Reserves and accruals | 40 | 69 |
Total deferred income tax assets | 904 | 967 |
Valuation allowance | (15) | (5) |
Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves | 889 | 962 |
Plant, property, and equipment | (1,891) | (2,902) |
Employee benefits | (96) | (158) |
Securitized costs | (71) | (118) |
Gas inventory | (37) | (65) |
Other | (63) | (6) |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | (2,158) | (3,249) |
Total net deferred income tax liabilities | (1,269) | (2,287) |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||
Tax loss and credit carryforwards | 101 | 190 |
Net regulatory tax liability | 411 | 27 |
Reserves and accruals | 21 | 37 |
Total deferred income tax assets, net of valuation reserves | 533 | 254 |
Plant, property, and equipment | (1,901) | (2,924) |
Employee benefits | (105) | (181) |
Securitized costs | (71) | (118) |
Gas inventory | (37) | (65) |
Other | (59) | (8) |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | (2,173) | (3,296) |
Total net deferred income tax liabilities | $ (1,640) | $ (3,042) |
Income Taxes (Schedule Of Net R
Income Taxes (Schedule Of Net Regulatory Tax Liability) (Details) - Consumers Energy Company [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Income Taxes [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Liabilities | $ 3,795 | $ 2,136 | |
Net Regulatory Tax Liability [Member] | |||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Liabilities | 1,588 | ||
Plant, Property, And Equipment (Subject To Normalization) [Member] | |||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Liabilities | [1] | 1,781 | |
All Other, Net (Not Subject To Normalization) [Member] | |||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | |||
Regulatory Liabilities | [1] | $ (193) | |
[1] | Relates to deferred taxes arising from accelerated tax depreciation on assets in rate base that are governed by normalization provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. These normalization provisions generally require that customer rate refunds associated with changes in deferred taxes be returned to customers over the remaining average service life of the associated assets. Consumers will collect from customers the portion not subject to normalization over a period to be determined in a future regulatory proceeding. Consumers cannot predict the impact of orders from the MPSC related to the treatment of regulatory balances not subject to amortization. |
Income Taxes (Loss And Credit C
Income Taxes (Loss And Credit Carryforwards) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Total tax attributes | $ 453 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Total tax attributes | 101 |
Federal Tax Authority [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Operating loss carryforward, Gross Amount | 855 |
Federal net operating loss carryforward, Tax Attribute | 179 |
Federal Tax Authority [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Operating loss carryforward, Gross Amount | 309 |
Federal net operating loss carryforward, Tax Attribute | 65 |
Local Jurisdiction [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Operating loss carryforward, Gross Amount | 487 |
Local net operating loss carryforwards, Tax Attribute | 5 |
Alternative Minimum Tax [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Tax credits, Gross Amount | 137 |
Alternative minimum tax credits, Tax Attribute | 137 |
General Business Tax Credit Carryforward [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Tax credits, Gross Amount | 130 |
General business credits, Tax Attribute | 130 |
General Business Tax Credit Carryforward [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Tax credits, Gross Amount | 34 |
General business credits, Tax Attribute | 34 |
Charitable Contribution Carryover [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Charitable contribution carryforwards | 8 |
Charitable contribution carryover, Tax Attribute | 2 |
Charitable Contribution Carryover [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |
Charitable contribution carryforwards | 8 |
Charitable contribution carryover, Tax Attribute | $ 2 |
Income Taxes (Reconciliation Of
Income Taxes (Reconciliation Of Beginning And Ending Uncertain Tax Benefits) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Balance at beginning of period | $ 5 | $ 6 | $ 5 |
Additions for current year tax positions | 10 | 1 | |
Additions for prior year tax positions | 1 | ||
Reductions for prior year tax positions | (1) | (1) | |
Settlements | (1) | ||
Balance at end of period | 14 | 5 | 6 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Balance at beginning of period | 5 | 6 | 5 |
Additions for current year tax positions | 17 | 1 | |
Additions for prior year tax positions | 1 | ||
Reductions for prior year tax positions | (1) | (1) | |
Settlements | (1) | ||
Balance at end of period | $ 21 | $ 5 | $ 6 |
Earnings Per Share - CMS Ene119
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy (Basic And Diluted EPS Computations) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Mar. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Sep. 30, 2016 | Jun. 30, 2016 | Mar. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |||||||||
Earnings Per Share - CMS Energy [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||
Net Income | $ (2) | $ 172 | $ 93 | $ 199 | $ 78 | $ 186 | $ 125 | $ 164 | $ 462 | $ 553 | $ 525 | ||||||||
Less income attributable to noncontrolling interest | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders | $ (3) | $ 172 | $ 92 | $ 199 | $ 77 | $ 186 | $ 124 | $ 164 | $ 460 | $ 551 | $ 523 | ||||||||
Weighted average shares - basic | 280 | 277.9 | 275.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Add dilutive nonvested stock awards | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares - diluted | 280.8 | 278.9 | 276.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ (0.01) | [1] | $ 0.61 | [1] | $ 0.33 | [1] | $ 0.71 | [1] | $ 0.28 | [1] | $ 0.67 | [1] | $ 0.45 | [1] | $ 0.59 | [1] | $ 1.64 | $ 1.99 | $ 1.90 |
Diluted | $ (0.01) | [1] | $ 0.61 | [1] | $ 0.33 | [1] | $ 0.71 | [1] | $ 0.28 | [1] | $ 0.67 | [1] | $ 0.45 | [1] | $ 0.59 | [1] | 1.64 | 1.98 | 1.89 |
Dividends Declared Per Common Share | $ 1.33 | $ 1.24 | $ 1.16 | ||||||||||||||||
[1] | The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. |
Other Income and Other Expen120
Other Income and Other Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Fee income | $ 6 | $ 9 | |
All other | $ 6 | 2 | 1 |
Total other income | 6 | 8 | 10 |
Donations | (31) | (23) | (1) |
Civic and political expenditures | (27) | (21) | (10) |
Loss on reacquired and extinguished debt | (18) | (18) | |
Unrealized investment loss | (5) | ||
All other | (8) | (6) | |
Total other expense | (76) | (75) | (17) |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Gain on CMS Energy common stock | 14 | 9 | |
Fee income | 6 | 9 | |
All other | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Total other income | 17 | 8 | 19 |
Donations | (31) | (23) | (1) |
Civic and political expenditures | (27) | (21) | (10) |
Unrealized investment loss | (4) | ||
All other | (7) | (6) | |
Total other expense | $ (58) | $ (55) | $ (17) |
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Sche
Cash And Cash Equivalents (Schedule Of Cash And Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2014 |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 182 | $ 235 | ||
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 19 | ||
Other non-current assets | 5 | 3 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts | 204 | 257 | $ 288 | $ 249 |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 44 | 131 | ||
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | 17 | 19 | ||
Other non-current assets | 4 | 2 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted amounts | $ 65 | $ 152 | $ 71 | $ 112 |
Reportable Segments (Details)
Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Mar. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Sep. 30, 2016 | Jun. 30, 2016 | Mar. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | $ 1,778 | $ 1,527 | $ 1,449 | $ 1,829 | $ 1,640 | $ 1,587 | $ 1,371 | $ 1,801 | $ 6,583 | $ 6,399 | $ 6,456 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 881 | 811 | 750 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investees | [1] | 15 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||
Interest charges | 438 | 435 | 396 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 424 | 273 | 271 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | (3) | 172 | 92 | 199 | 77 | 186 | 124 | 164 | 460 | 551 | 523 | |
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 22,506 | 21,010 | 22,506 | 21,010 | 18,943 | |||||||
Investments in equity method investees | [1] | 64 | 65 | 64 | 65 | 64 | ||||||
Total Assets | 23,050 | 21,622 | 23,050 | 21,622 | 20,299 | |||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 1,722 | 1,633 | 1,741 | ||||||||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 1,686 | 1,437 | 1,362 | 1,737 | 1,550 | 1,498 | 1,293 | 1,723 | 6,222 | 6,064 | 6,165 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 872 | 803 | 744 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 276 | 268 | 250 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 339 | 320 | 302 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholder | 135 | $ 181 | $ 103 | $ 211 | 116 | $ 195 | $ 131 | $ 172 | 630 | 614 | 592 | |
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 22,318 | 20,838 | 22,318 | 20,838 | 18,797 | |||||||
Total Assets | 21,099 | 19,946 | 21,099 | 19,946 | 18,635 | |||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 1,683 | 1,618 | 1,694 | ||||||||
Electric Utility [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 4,448 | 4,379 | 4,249 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 654 | 603 | 567 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 201 | 196 | 178 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 245 | 246 | 224 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | 455 | 458 | 437 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 15,221 | 14,540 | 15,221 | 14,540 | 13,059 | |||||||
Total Assets | [3] | 13,906 | 13,429 | 13,906 | 13,429 | 12,660 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 882 | 1,007 | 1,136 | ||||||||
Electric Utility [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 4,448 | 4,379 | 4,249 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 654 | 603 | 567 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 201 | 196 | 178 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 245 | 246 | 224 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholder | 455 | 458 | 437 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 15,221 | 14,540 | 15,221 | 14,540 | 13,059 | |||||||
Total Assets | [3] | 13,907 | 13,430 | 13,907 | 13,430 | 12,660 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 882 | 1,007 | 1,136 | ||||||||
Gas Utility [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 1,774 | 1,685 | 1,916 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 218 | 200 | 177 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 74 | 72 | 71 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 96 | 74 | 78 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | 173 | 155 | 154 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 7,080 | 6,283 | 7,080 | 6,283 | 5,723 | |||||||
Total Assets | [3] | 7,139 | 6,446 | 7,139 | 6,446 | 5,912 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 800 | 611 | 558 | ||||||||
Gas Utility [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 1,774 | 1,685 | 1,916 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 218 | 200 | 177 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 74 | 72 | 71 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 96 | 74 | 78 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholder | 173 | 155 | 154 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 7,080 | 6,283 | 7,080 | 6,283 | 5,723 | |||||||
Total Assets | [3] | 7,139 | 6,446 | 7,139 | 6,446 | 5,912 | ||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 800 | 611 | 558 | ||||||||
Enterprises [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 229 | 215 | 190 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 6 | 5 | 4 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investees | [1] | 15 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||
Interest charges | 1 | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 72 | 10 | 3 | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | (27) | 17 | 4 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 167 | 157 | 167 | 157 | 120 | |||||||
Investments in equity method investees | [1] | 64 | 62 | 64 | 62 | 61 | ||||||
Total Assets | 342 | 269 | 342 | 269 | 270 | |||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 33 | 10 | 44 | ||||||||
Other reconciling items [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | 132 | 120 | 101 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 3 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||
Interest charges | 163 | 166 | 147 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 11 | (57) | (34) | |||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | (141) | (79) | (72) | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 38 | 30 | 38 | 30 | 41 | |||||||
Investments in equity method investees | [1] | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
Total Assets | 1,663 | 1,478 | 1,663 | 1,478 | 1,457 | |||||||
Capital expenditures | [2] | 7 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||
Other reconciling items [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||
Interest charges | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (2) | |||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholder | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Plant, property, and equipment, gross | 17 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 15 | |||||||
Total Assets | $ 53 | $ 70 | 53 | $ 70 | $ 63 | |||||||
Capital expenditures | $ 1 | |||||||||||
[1] | Consumers had no significant equity method investments. | |||||||||||
[2] | Amounts include purchase of capital lease additions. Amounts also include a portion of Consumers' capital expenditures for plant and equipment attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. | |||||||||||
[3] | Amounts include a portion of Consumers' other common assets attributable to both the electric and gas utility businesses. |
Related Party Transactions -123
Related Party Transactions - Consumers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Purchased power - related parties | $ 86 | $ 86 | $ 83 |
Accounts receivable - related parties | 12 | 12 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Purchased power - related parties | 90 | 88 | $ 83 |
Accounts receivable - related parties | 2 | 9 | |
Due to related parties | 27 | 24 | |
Accounts receivable - related parties | 2 | 9 | |
Investments | 21 | $ 33 | |
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | Credit Agreement [Member] | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Maximum borrowing capacity | 300 | ||
Amount outstanding | $ 0 |
Variable Interest Entities (Nar
Variable Interest Entities (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | ||
Variable Interest Entity, Nonconsolidated, Carrying Amount, Assets | $ 64 | $ 62 |
Genesee [Member] | ||
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | ||
Variable Interest Entity, Reporting Entity Involvement, Maximum Loss Exposure, Amount | 9 | |
Guarantee of Indebtedness of Others [Member] | Genesee [Member] | ||
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | ||
Variable Interest Entity, Reporting Entity Involvement, Maximum Loss Exposure, Amount | $ 3 |
Variable Interest Entities (Sch
Variable Interest Entities (Schedule Of Variable Interest Entities) (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | |
T.E.S. Filer City [Member] | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Variable Interest Entity, Qualitative or Quantitative Information, Ownership Percentage | 50.00% |
Grayling [Member] | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Variable Interest Entity, Qualitative or Quantitative Information, Ownership Percentage | 50.00% |
Genesee [Member] | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Variable Interest Entity, Qualitative or Quantitative Information, Ownership Percentage | 50.00% |
Variable Interest Entity, Reporting Entity Involvement, Maximum Loss Exposure, Amount | $ 9 |
Genesee [Member] | Guarantee of Indebtedness of Others [Member] | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Variable Interest Entity, Reporting Entity Involvement, Maximum Loss Exposure, Amount | $ 3 |
Craven [Member] | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Variable Interest Entity, Qualitative or Quantitative Information, Ownership Percentage | 50.00% |
Quarterly Financial And Comm126
Quarterly Financial And Common Stock Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Mar. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Sep. 30, 2016 | Jun. 30, 2016 | Mar. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||||||||||
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | $ 1,778 | $ 1,527 | $ 1,449 | $ 1,829 | $ 1,640 | $ 1,587 | $ 1,371 | $ 1,801 | $ 6,583 | $ 6,399 | $ 6,456 | |||||||||
Operating income | 379 | 330 | 241 | 388 | 280 | 375 | 275 | 326 | 1,338 | 1,256 | 1,178 | |||||||||
Net Income | (2) | 172 | 93 | 199 | 78 | 186 | 125 | 164 | 462 | 553 | 525 | |||||||||
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | $ (3) | $ 172 | $ 92 | $ 199 | $ 77 | $ 186 | $ 124 | $ 164 | $ 460 | $ 551 | $ 523 | |||||||||
Basic Earnings Per Average Common Share | $ (0.01) | [1] | $ 0.61 | [1] | $ 0.33 | [1] | $ 0.71 | [1] | $ 0.28 | [1] | $ 0.67 | [1] | $ 0.45 | [1] | $ 0.59 | [1] | $ 1.64 | $ 1.99 | $ 1.90 | |
Diluted Earnings Per Average Common Share | $ (0.01) | [1] | $ 0.61 | [1] | $ 0.33 | [1] | $ 0.71 | [1] | $ 0.28 | [1] | $ 0.67 | [1] | $ 0.45 | [1] | $ 0.59 | [1] | $ 1.64 | $ 1.98 | $ 1.89 | |
CMS Energy [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income | $ (9) | $ (14) | $ (8) | |||||||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | 460 | 551 | 523 | |||||||||||||||||
Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Revenue | $ 1,686 | $ 1,437 | $ 1,362 | $ 1,737 | $ 1,550 | $ 1,498 | $ 1,293 | $ 1,723 | 6,222 | 6,064 | 6,165 | |||||||||
Operating income | 363 | 308 | 222 | 359 | 279 | [2] | 356 | [2] | 254 | [2] | 308 | [2] | 1,252 | 1,197 | 1,139 | |||||
Net Income | 136 | 181 | 104 | 211 | 117 | 195 | 132 | 172 | 632 | 616 | 594 | |||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholder | $ 135 | $ 181 | $ 103 | $ 211 | $ 116 | $ 195 | $ 131 | $ 172 | $ 630 | $ 614 | $ 592 | |||||||||
Maximum [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Share price | [3] | $ 50.55 | $ 49.10 | $ 48.25 | $ 45.28 | $ 42.15 | $ 46.17 | $ 45.86 | $ 42.44 | $ 50.55 | $ 42.15 | |||||||||
Minimum [Member] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Share price | [3] | $ 45.97 | $ 45.57 | $ 44.82 | $ 41.51 | $ 39.49 | $ 41.31 | $ 39.38 | $ 35.61 | $ 45.97 | $ 39.49 | |||||||||
[1] | The sum of the quarters may not equal annual EPS due to changes in the number of shares outstanding. | |||||||||||||||||||
[2] | Prior period amounts have been adjusted as required to reflect the implementation of ASU 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. For further details on the adoption of this standard, see Note 2, New Accounting Standards. | |||||||||||||||||||
[3] | Based on New York Stock Exchange composite transactions. |
Schedule I - Condensed Finan127
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Condensed Statements of Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Mar. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Sep. 30, 2016 | Jun. 30, 2016 | Mar. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Other operating expense | $ (1,236) | $ (1,248) | $ (1,223) | ||||||||
General taxes | 284 | 281 | 262 | ||||||||
Total operating expenses | (5,245) | (5,143) | (5,278) | ||||||||
Operating Loss | $ 379 | $ 330 | $ 241 | $ 388 | $ 280 | $ 375 | $ 275 | $ 326 | 1,338 | 1,256 | 1,178 |
Nonoperating retirement benefits, net | 24 | 41 | (15) | ||||||||
Interest income | 12 | 6 | 12 | ||||||||
Other income | 6 | 8 | 10 | ||||||||
Other expense | (76) | (75) | (17) | ||||||||
Total other income (expense) | (14) | 5 | 14 | ||||||||
Interest on long-term debt | 406 | 411 | 386 | ||||||||
Intercompany interest expense and other | 34 | 29 | 14 | ||||||||
Total interest charges | 438 | 435 | 396 | ||||||||
Income Before Income Taxes | 886 | 826 | 796 | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 424 | 273 | 271 | ||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | $ (3) | $ 172 | $ 92 | $ 199 | $ 77 | $ 186 | $ 124 | $ 164 | 460 | 551 | 523 |
CMS Energy [Member] | |||||||||||
Other operating expense | (9) | (14) | (8) | ||||||||
Total operating expenses | (9) | (14) | (8) | ||||||||
Operating Loss | (9) | (14) | (8) | ||||||||
Equity earnings of subsidiaries | 633 | 660 | 625 | ||||||||
Nonoperating retirement benefits, net | (1) | (1) | (1) | ||||||||
Interest income | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Other income | 2 | ||||||||||
Other expense | (31) | (19) | (9) | ||||||||
Total other income (expense) | 604 | 641 | 616 | ||||||||
Interest on long-term debt | 143 | 150 | 134 | ||||||||
Intercompany interest expense and other | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
Total interest charges | 146 | 151 | 137 | ||||||||
Income Before Income Taxes | 449 | 476 | 471 | ||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (11) | (75) | (52) | ||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | $ 460 | $ 551 | $ 523 |
Schedule I - Condensed Finan128
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Condensed Statements Of Cash Flows) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ 1,705 | $ 1,629 | $ 1,640 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,868) | (1,915) | (2,064) |
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 1,633 | 1,049 | 599 |
Issuance of common stock | 83 | 72 | 43 |
Retirement of long-term debt | (980) | (728) | (224) |
Debt prepayment costs | (22) | (18) | |
Change in notes payable | (228) | 149 | 189 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 110 | 255 | 463 |
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | (53) | (31) | 39 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period | 257 | 288 | 249 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period | 204 | 257 | 288 |
CMS Energy [Member] | |||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 433 | 422 | 209 |
Investment in subsidiaries | (447) | (275) | (150) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (447) | (275) | (150) |
Proceeds from issuance of debt | 799 | 603 | 349 |
Issuance of common stock | 83 | 72 | 43 |
Retirement of long-term debt | (425) | (530) | (100) |
Debt prepayment costs | (18) | (18) | |
Payment of dividends on common stock | (375) | (345) | (320) |
Debt issuance costs and financing fees | (3) | (5) | (3) |
Change in notes payable | (47) | 76 | (28) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 14 | (147) | (59) |
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts | |||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, Beginning of Period | |||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Amounts, End of Period |
Schedule I - Condensed Finan129
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Condensed Balance Sheets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Condensed Balance Sheet Statements, Captions [Line Items] | ||||
Notes and accrued interest receivable | $ 198 | $ 180 | ||
Accounts receivable, including intercompany and related parties | 12 | 12 | ||
Prepayments and other current assets | 83 | 81 | ||
Total current assets | 2,475 | 2,280 | ||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,510 | 6,056 | ||
Total plant, property, and equipment | [1] | 16,761 | 15,715 | |
Other | 799 | 353 | ||
Total other non-current assets | 3,814 | 3,627 | ||
Total Assets | 23,050 | 21,622 | $ 20,299 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | 1,103 | 886 | ||
Accounts and notes payable, including intercompany and related parties | 15 | 12 | ||
Accrued interest, including intercompany | 103 | 98 | ||
Accrued taxes | 360 | 348 | ||
Other liabilities current | 195 | 199 | ||
Total current liabilities | 2,784 | 2,655 | ||
Long-term debt | 9,123 | 8,640 | ||
Net unamortized discounts | (14) | (15) | ||
Postretirement benefits | 766 | 789 | ||
Other non-current liabilities | 307 | 290 | ||
Total non-current liabilities | 15,788 | 14,677 | ||
Common stockholders' equity | 4,441 | 4,253 | ||
Total Liabilities and Equity | 23,050 | 21,622 | ||
CMS Energy [Member] | ||||
Condensed Balance Sheet Statements, Captions [Line Items] | ||||
Notes and accrued interest receivable | 5 | 2 | ||
Accounts receivable, including intercompany and related parties | 7 | 7 | ||
Federal income tax receivable | 77 | |||
Accrued taxes | 57 | 51 | ||
Prepayments and other current assets | 1 | 1 | ||
Total current assets | 147 | 61 | ||
Noncurrent notes receivable | 3 | |||
Deferred income taxes | 269 | 366 | ||
Invetment in subsidiaries | 7,202 | 6,674 | ||
Other investments - DB SERP | 25 | 26 | ||
Other | 2 | 4 | ||
Total other non-current assets | 7,498 | 7,073 | ||
Total Assets | 7,645 | 7,134 | ||
Current portion of long-term debt | 225 | |||
Accounts and notes payable, including intercompany and related parties | 87 | 141 | ||
Accrued interest, including intercompany | 34 | 28 | ||
Other liabilities current | 5 | 10 | ||
Total current liabilities | 351 | 179 | ||
Long-term debt | 2,830 | 2,678 | ||
Postretirement benefits | 21 | 21 | ||
Other non-current liabilities | 2 | 3 | ||
Total non-current liabilities | 2,853 | 2,702 | ||
Common stockholders' equity | 4,441 | 4,253 | ||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ 7,645 | $ 7,134 | ||
[1] | For the year ended December 31, 2017, Consumers' plant additions were $1.7 billion and plant retirements were $214 million. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Consumers' plant additions were $2.3 billion and plant retirements were $285 million. |
Schedule I - Condensed Finan130
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
CMS Energy [Member] | |
Maximum potential obligation | $ 334 |
Schedule II - Valuation and 131
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | ||
Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts [Member] | ||||
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at Beginning of Period | [1] | $ 24 | $ 28 | $ 40 |
Charged to Expense | [1] | 29 | 31 | 50 |
Charged to other Accounts | [1] | |||
Deductions | [1] | 33 | 35 | 62 |
Balance at End of Period | [1] | 20 | 24 | 28 |
Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at Beginning of Period | [1] | 24 | 28 | 39 |
Charged to Expense | [1] | 29 | 31 | 50 |
Charged to other Accounts | [1] | |||
Deductions | [1] | 33 | 35 | 61 |
Balance at End of Period | [1] | 20 | 24 | 28 |
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance [Member] | ||||
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at Beginning of Period | 5 | 4 | 2 | |
Charged to Expense | 10 | 1 | 3 | |
Charged to other Accounts | (1) | |||
Deductions | ||||
Balance at End of Period | 15 | 5 | 4 | |
Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance [Member] | Consumers Energy Company [Member] | ||||
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at Beginning of Period | 1 | |||
Charged to Expense | ||||
Charged to other Accounts | (1) | |||
Deductions | ||||
Balance at End of Period | ||||
Allowance For Notes Receivable [Member] | ||||
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | ||||
Balance at Beginning of Period | [1] | 16 | 9 | 8 |
Charged to Expense | [1] | 20 | 19 | 8 |
Charged to other Accounts | [1] | |||
Deductions | [1] | 16 | 12 | 7 |
Balance at End of Period | [1] | $ 20 | $ 16 | $ 9 |
[1] | Deductions represent write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries. |