Cover
Cover - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Feb. 24, 2023 | Jun. 30, 2022 | |
Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Document Type | 10-K | ||
Document Annual Report | true | ||
Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2022 | ||
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | ||
Document Transition Report | false | ||
Entity File Number | 001-39037 | ||
Entity Registrant Name | SMILEDIRECTCLUB, INC. | ||
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE | ||
Entity Tax Identification Number | 83-4505317 | ||
Entity Address, Address Line One | 414 Union Street | ||
Entity Address, City or Town | Nashville, | ||
Entity Address, State or Province | TN | ||
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 37219 | ||
City Area Code | 800 | ||
Local Phone Number | 342-0462 | ||
Title of 12(b) Security | Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share | ||
Trading Symbol | SDC | ||
Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ | ||
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | No | ||
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
Entity Interactive Data Current | Yes | ||
Entity Filer Category | Accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Small Business | false | ||
Entity Emerging Growth Company | false | ||
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag | true | ||
Entity Shell Company | false | ||
Entity Public Float | $ 122,373,913 | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 0001775625 | ||
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2022 | ||
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
Amendment Flag | false | ||
Common Class A | |||
Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 130,664,851 | ||
Common Class B | |||
Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 268,823,501 |
Audit Information
Audit Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Auditor Information [Abstract] | |
Auditor Firm ID | 42 |
Auditor Name | Ernst & Young LLP |
Auditor Location | Nashville, Tennessee |
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
ASSETS | ||
Cash | $ 93,120 | $ 224,860 |
Accounts receivable, net | 143,082 | 184,558 |
Inventories | 44,387 | 40,803 |
Prepaid and other current assets | 16,830 | 17,519 |
Total current assets | 297,419 | 467,740 |
Restricted cash | 25,278 | 0 |
Accounts receivable, net, non-current | 45,168 | 59,210 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 190,087 | 227,201 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 21,141 | 24,927 |
Other assets | 17,970 | 15,480 |
Total assets | 597,063 | 794,558 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT) | ||
Accounts payable | 30,513 | 19,922 |
Accrued liabilities | 65,937 | 122,066 |
Deferred revenue | 13,646 | 20,258 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 0 | 10,997 |
Other current liabilities | 6,704 | 4,997 |
Total current liabilities | 116,800 | 178,240 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | 849,379 | 729,973 |
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | 16,082 | 20,352 |
Other long-term liabilities | 0 | 347 |
Total liabilities | 982,261 | 928,912 |
Equity (Deficit) | ||
Additional paid-in-capital | 475,034 | 448,867 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 430 | 293 |
Accumulated deficit | (381,725) | (295,321) |
Noncontrolling interest | (496,596) | (305,852) |
Warrants | 17,620 | 17,620 |
Total equity (deficit) | (385,198) | (134,354) |
Total liabilities and equity (deficit) | 597,063 | 794,558 |
Common Class A | ||
Equity (Deficit) | ||
Common stock | 12 | 12 |
Common Class B | ||
Equity (Deficit) | ||
Common stock | $ 27 | $ 27 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Common Class A | ||
Common stock, par value (USD per share) | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 124,785,562 | 119,280,781 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 124,785,562 | 119,280,781 |
Common Class B | ||
Common stock, par value (USD per share) | $ 0.0001 | $ 0.0001 |
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 268,823,501 | 269,243,501 |
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 268,823,501 | 269,243,501 |
Consolidated Statements of Oper
Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Total revenues | $ 470,743 | $ 637,611 | $ 656,780 |
Cost of revenues | 142,890 | 177,597 | 206,852 |
Gross profit | 327,853 | 460,014 | 449,928 |
Marketing and selling expenses | 290,231 | 388,450 | 322,919 |
General and administrative expenses | 278,778 | 325,569 | 311,982 |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets | 1,289 | 1,481 | 25,457 |
Restructuring and other related costs | 19,668 | 3,798 | 7,034 |
Loss from operations | (262,113) | (259,284) | (217,464) |
Interest expense | 17,961 | 23,154 | 45,010 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 0 | 47,631 | 13,781 |
Other expense (income) | (1,579) | 4,313 | (878) |
Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) | (278,495) | (334,382) | (275,377) |
Provision for income tax expense (benefit) | (642) | 1,268 | 3,122 |
Net loss | (277,853) | (335,650) | (278,499) |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | (191,449) | (233,208) | (200,133) |
Net loss attributable to SmileDirectClub, Inc. | $ (86,404) | $ (102,442) | $ (78,366) |
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock: | |||
Basic (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.71) |
Diluted (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.72) |
Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||
Basic (in shares) | 121,312,580 | 118,360,801 | 109,854,360 |
Diluted (in shares) | 390,210,985 | 387,775,890 | 385,200,442 |
Common Class A | |||
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock: | |||
Basic (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.71) |
Diluted (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.72) |
Excluding Financing Revenue | |||
Total revenues | $ 436,965 | $ 594,692 | $ 607,373 |
Financing Revenue | |||
Total revenues | $ 33,778 | $ 42,919 | $ 49,407 |
Consolidated Statements of Comp
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Statement of Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | |||
Net loss | $ (277,853) | $ (335,650) | $ (278,499) |
Other comprehensive income: | |||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 457 | 1,295 | 663 |
Comprehensive loss | (277,396) | (334,355) | (277,836) |
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (191,129) | (232,308) | (199,640) |
Comprehensive loss attributable to SmileDirectClub, Inc. | $ (86,267) | $ (102,047) | $ (78,196) |
Consolidated Statements of Chan
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Total | Common Class A | Common Stock Common Class A | Common Stock Common Class B | Additional Paid-in Capital | Warrants | Accumulated Deficit | Noncontrolling Interest | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019 | 103,303,674 | 279,474,505 | |||||||
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019 | $ 458,285 | $ 10 | $ 28 | $ 447,866 | $ 0 | $ (114,513) | $ 125,166 | $ (272) | |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||
Net loss | (278,499) | (78,366) | (200,133) | ||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity based awards (in shares) | 2,100,320 | ||||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity-based awards | 0 | $ 0 | 0 | ||||||
Issuance of Class B shares in connection with warrant exercise (in shares) | 1,459,386 | ||||||||
Issuance of Class B shares in connection with warrant exercise | 922 | (15) | 937 | ||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock (in shares) | 10,025,325 | (10,025,325) | |||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock | 0 | $ 1 | $ (1) | 395 | (395) | ||||
HPS Warrant issuance | 17,620 | 17,620 | |||||||
Equity-based compensation | 44,903 | 44,903 | |||||||
Equity-based payments | (9,901) | (9,901) | |||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 663 | 493 | 170 | ||||||
Other | 145 | 145 | |||||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020 | 115,429,319 | 270,908,566 | |||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020 | 234,138 | $ 11 | $ 27 | 483,393 | 17,620 | (192,879) | (73,932) | (102) | |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||
Net loss | (335,650) | (102,442) | (233,208) | ||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity based awards (in shares) | 2,011,602 | ||||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity-based awards | 0 | $ 1 | (1) | ||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock (in shares) | 1,665,065 | (1,665,065) | |||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock | 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | (388) | 388 | ||||
Issuance of shares in connection with stock purchase plan(in shares) | 174,795 | ||||||||
Issuance of shares in connection with stock purchase plan | 1,031 | 1,031 | |||||||
Equity-based compensation | 44,628 | 44,628 | |||||||
Equity-based payments | (10,028) | (10,028) | |||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 1,295 | 900 | 395 | ||||||
Capped call instruments | (69,518) | (69,518) | |||||||
Other | (250) | (250) | |||||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 | 119,280,781 | 269,243,501 | |||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | (134,354) | $ 12 | $ 27 | 448,867 | 17,620 | (295,321) | (305,852) | 293 | |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||
Net loss | (277,853) | (86,404) | (191,449) | ||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity based awards (in shares) | 1,546,265 | ||||||||
Issuance of Class A shares in connection with equity-based awards | 0 | $ 0 | 0 | ||||||
Issuance of Class A shares under public offerings, net of issuance costs (in shares) | 2,950,069 | ||||||||
Issuance of Class A shares under public offerings, net of issuance costs | 1,916 | 1,916 | |||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock (in shares) | 420,000 | (420,000) | |||||||
Exchange of Class B common stock for Class A common stock | 0 | (385) | 385 | ||||||
Issuance of shares in connection with stock purchase plan(in shares) | 588,447 | ||||||||
Issuance of shares in connection with stock purchase plan | 622 | 622 | |||||||
Equity-based compensation | 26,608 | 26,608 | |||||||
Equity-based payments | (2,599) | (2,599) | |||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 457 | 320 | 137 | ||||||
Other | 5 | 5 | |||||||
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 | 124,785,562 | 268,823,501 | |||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | $ (385,198) | $ 12 | $ 27 | $ 475,034 | $ 17,620 | $ (381,725) | $ (496,596) | $ 430 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Operating Activities | |||
Net loss | $ (277,853) | $ (335,650) | $ (278,499) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 74,395 | 70,113 | 56,390 |
Deferred loan cost amortization | 5,897 | 5,148 | 4,407 |
Equity-based compensation | 26,608 | 44,628 | 44,903 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 0 | 47,631 | 13,594 |
Paid in kind interest expense | 1,292 | 3,324 | 8,450 |
Asset impairment and related charges | 2,902 | 1,481 | 27,767 |
Other non-cash operating activities | 3,786 | 372 | 10,071 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Accounts receivable | 55,518 | 49,560 | 52,400 |
Inventories | (4,227) | (11,775) | (11,602) |
Prepaid and other current assets | 689 | (8,733) | (378) |
Accounts payable | 14,242 | (11,296) | (7,670) |
Accrued liabilities | (54,811) | 10,039 | (4,585) |
Deferred revenue | (6,612) | (6,361) | 1,184 |
Net cash used in operating activities | (158,174) | (141,519) | (83,568) |
Investing Activities | |||
Purchases of property, equipment, and intangible assets | (51,996) | (106,567) | (97,141) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (51,996) | (106,567) | (97,141) |
Financing Activities | |||
IPO proceeds, net of discount and related fees | 0 | 0 | (1,155) |
Proceeds from warrant exercise | 0 | 0 | 922 |
Repurchase of Class A shares to cover employee tax withholdings | (2,599) | (10,028) | (9,901) |
Proceeds from sale of Class A common stock under public offerings | 1,916 | 0 | 0 |
Proceeds from stock purchase plan | 622 | 1,031 | 0 |
Repayment of 2020 HPS Credit Facility | 0 | (396,497) | 0 |
Payment of extinguishment costs | 0 | (37,701) | 0 |
Proceeds from 2020 HPS Credit Facility and Warrants, net | 0 | 0 | 388,000 |
Borrowings of long-term debt | 114,920 | 747,500 | 16,807 |
Payments of issuance costs | (5,426) | (21,179) | (11,784) |
Purchase of capped call transactions | 0 | (69,518) | 0 |
Final payment of Align arbitration | 0 | (43,400) | 0 |
Principal payments on long-term debt | 0 | (4,609) | (194,439) |
Payments of finance leases | (6,447) | (11,055) | (10,138) |
Other | 462 | 1,173 | 663 |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 103,448 | 155,717 | 178,975 |
Effect of exchange rates change on cash flow activities | 260 | 505 | 0 |
Decrease in cash and restricted cash | (106,462) | (91,864) | (1,734) |
Cash and restricted cash at beginning of period | 224,860 | 316,724 | 318,458 |
Cash and restricted cash at end of period | $ 118,398 | $ 224,860 | $ 316,724 |
Organization and Basis of Prese
Organization and Basis of Presentation | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
Organization and Basis of Presentation | Organization and Basis of Presentation Organization SmileDirectClub, Inc. was formed on April 11, 2019 with no operating assets or operations as a Delaware corporation for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering and other related transactions in order to carry on the business of SDC Financial LLC and its subsidiaries. Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” “SmileDirectClub,” and similar references refer to SmileDirectClub, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, including SDC Financial LLC and its subsidiaries. “SDC Financial” refers to SDC Financial LLC and “SDC Inc.” refers to SmileDirectClub, Inc. The Company is engaged by its network of doctors to provide a suite of non-clinical administrative support services, including access to and use of its SmileCheck platform, as a Dental Support Organization. For purposes of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company’s affiliated network of dentists and orthodontists is included in the definition of “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” as it relates to any clinical aspect of the member’s treatment. All of the Company’s manufacturing operations are directly or indirectly conducted by Access Dental Lab, LLC (“Access Dental”), one of its operating subsidiaries. SmileDirectClub is an oral care company and creator of the first MedTech platform for teeth straightening. Through the Company’s cutting-edge teledentistry technology and vertically integrated model, it is revolutionizing the oral care industry, from clear aligner therapy to its affordable, premium oral care product line. SmileDirectClub’s mission is to democratize access to a smile each and every person loves by making it affordable and convenient for everyone. SmileDirectClub is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee and operates in the U.S., Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, France, and Ireland. SDC Inc. is a holding company. Its sole material asset is its equity interest in SDC Financial which, through its direct and indirect subsidiaries, conducts all of the Company’s operations. SDC Financial is a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owns SmileDirectClub, LLC (“SDC LLC”) (a Tennessee limited liability company) and Access Dental Labs (a Tennessee limited liability company). Because SDC Inc. is the managing member of SDC Financial, SDC Inc. indirectly operates and controls all of the business and affairs of SDC Financial and its subsidiaries. Initial Public Offering On September 16, 2019, SDC Inc. completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of 58,537,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a public offering price of $23.00 per share. SDC Inc. received $1,286 million in proceeds, net of underwriting discounts and commissions. SDC Inc. used substantially all of the net proceeds after expenses to purchase newly-issued membership interest units from SDC Financial. Reorganization Transactions In connection with the IPO, the Company completed the following transactions (the “Reorganization Transactions”): • the formation of SDC Inc. as a Delaware corporation to function as the ultimate parent of SmileDirectClub and a publicly traded entity; • SDC Inc.’s acquisition of the pre-IPO membership interest units in SDC Financial (“Pre-IPO Units”) held by certain pre-IPO investors that are taxable as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes (“Blockers”), pursuant to a series of mergers (the “Blocker Mergers”) of the Blockers with wholly owned subsidiaries of SDC Inc., and the issuance by SDC Inc. to the equityholders of the Blockers shares of Class A common stock as consideration in the Blocker Mergers; • the amendment and restatement of the SDC Financial’s limited liability company operating agreement (the “SDC Financial LLC Agreement”) to, among other things, modify the capital structure of SDC Financial by replacing the different classes of Pre-IPO Units (including restricted Pre-IPO Units held by certain employees) with a single new class of membership interests of SDC Financial (“LLC Units”); • the issuance to each of the pre-IPO investors previously holding Pre-IPO Units (including restricted Pre-IPO Units) of a number of shares of SDC Inc. Class B common stock equal to the number of LLC Units held by it; • the issuance to certain employees of cash and shares of Class A common stock pursuant to their Incentive Bonus Agreements (“IBAs”); and • the equitable adjustment, pursuant to their terms, of outstanding warrants to purchase Pre-IPO Units held by two service providers into warrants to acquire LLC Units (together with an equal number of shares of SDC Inc.’s Class B common stock). Following the completion of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO, SDC Inc. owned 26.9% of SDC Financial. Holders (other than SDC Inc.) of LLC Units following the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO (“Continuing LLC Members”) owned the remaining 73.1% of SDC Financial. SDC Inc. is the sole managing member of SDC Financial and, although SDC Inc. has a minority economic interest in SDC Financial, it has the sole voting power in, and controls the management of, SDC Financial. Accordingly, SDC Inc. consolidates the financial results of SDC Financial and reports a noncontrolling interest in its consolidated financial statements. As the Reorganization Transactions are considered transactions between entities under common control, the financial statements for periods prior to the IPO and Reorganization Transactions have been adjusted to combine the previously separate entities for presentation purposes. In connection with the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO, the Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) with the Continuing LLC Members, pursuant to which SDC Inc. agreed to pay the Continuing LLC Members 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax or franchise tax that SDC Inc. actually realizes as a result of (a) the increases in tax basis attributable to exchanges of LLC Units by Continuing LLC Members and (b) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by SDC Inc. as a result of the Tax Receivable Agreement. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SDC Inc., which consolidates SDC Financial and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as well as accounts of contractually affiliated professional corporations (“PCs”) managed by the Company. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of variable interest entities in which the Company is the primary beneficiary under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (‘‘ASC”) Topic 810, ‘ ‘ Consolidation. ” At December 31, 2022, the variable interest entities include 58 dentist owned PCs, and at December 31, 2021 the variable interest entities included 53 dentist owned PCs. The Company is a dental service organization and does not engage in the practice of dentistry. All clinical services are provided by dentists and orthodontists who are engaged as independent contractors or otherwise engaged by the dentist-owned PCs. The Company contracts with the PCs and dentists and orthodontists through a suite of agreements, including but not limited to, management services agreements, supply agreements, and licensing agreements, pursuant to which the Company provides the administrative, non-clinical management services to the PCs and independent contractors. The Company has the contractual right to manage the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest entities’ economic performance through these agreements without engaging in the corporate practice of dentistry. Additionally, the Company would absorb substantially all of the expected losses of these COVID-19 Pandemic and Restructuring of Operations Although increasing rates of vaccinations across the globe and decreasing governmental restrictions have begun to lessen the impact of COVID-19, the Company continues to navigate the uncertain and unprecedented economic and operating conditions resulting from COVID-19 and its protracted duration. Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, the Company performed a review of its real estate needs and initiated restructuring actions related to a real estate repositioning program that remains ongoing. As a result of these actions, the Company incurred one-time charges of approximately $5,279 during the year ended December 31, 2021, primarily associated with the closure and consolidation of many of our SmileShops, which is an on-going evaluation. |
Summary of Significant Accounti
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Management Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to the fair values of financial instruments, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, revenue recognition, equity-based compensation, long-lived assets, and contingent liabilities, among others. In connection with its 2020 credit facility with HPS Investment Partners, the Company issued warrants to certain affiliates of HPS Investment Partners. The warrants were recorded at fair value at the time of issuance within equity on the consolidated balance sheet using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (see Note 10). Each of these estimates varies in regard to the level of judgment involved and its potential impact on the Company’s financial results. Estimates are considered critical either when a different estimate could have reasonably been used, or where changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, and such use or change would materially impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revenue Recognition The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from sales of aligners, impression kits, whitening gel, and retainers, and interest earned through its SmilePay financing program. Revenue is recorded for all customers based on the amount that is expected to be collected, which considers implicit price concessions, discounts, and cancellations and refunds from customer returns. The Company identifies a performance obligation as distinct if both of the following criteria are met: the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Determining the standalone selling price (“SSP”) and allocation of consideration from a contract to the individual performance obligations, and the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, is the result of significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as historical sales, usage rates (the number of times a customer is expected to order additional aligners), costs, and expected margin, which may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation, in making these estimates. Further, the Company’s process for estimating usage rates requires judgment and evaluation of inputs, including historical data and forecasted usages. Changes in the allocation of the SSP between performance obligations will not affect the amount of total revenues recognized for a particular contract. The Company uses the expected cost plus a margin approach to determine the SSP for performance obligations, and discounts are allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative SSP. However, any material changes in the allocation of the SSP could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which may have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and result of operations as the contract consideration is allocated to each performance obligation, delivered or undelivered, at the inception of the contract based on the SSP of each distinct performance obligation. The Company estimates the amount expected to be collected based upon management’s assessment of historical write-offs, expected net collections including implicit price concessions, and cancellations and refunds from customer returns, business and economic conditions, and other collection indicators. Management relies on the results of detailed reviews of historical write-offs, cancellations, returns, and collections as a primary source of information in estimating the amount of contract consideration expected to be collected. Uncollectible receivables are written-off in the period management believes it has exhausted its ability to collect payment from the customer. The Company believes its analysis provides reasonable estimates of its revenues and valuations of its accounts receivable. A description of the revenue recognition for each product sold by the Company is detailed below. Aligners and Impression Kits: The Company enters into contracts with customers for aligner sales that involve multiple future performance obligations. The Company determined that aligner sales comprise the following distinct performance obligations: initial aligners, touch-up aligners, and retainers for international sales only which can occur at any time throughout the treatment plan (which is typically between five months to ten months) upon the direction of and prescription from the treating dentist or orthodontist. The Company allocates revenues for each performance obligation based on its SSP and recognizes the revenues as control of the performance obligation is transferred upon shipment of the aligners. The Company recognizes aligner revenue on amounts expected to be collected during the course of the treatment plan. The Company bills its customers either upfront for the full cost of aligners or monthly through its SmilePay financing program, which involves a down payment and a fixed amount per month for up to 26 months. The Company’s accounts receivable related to the SmilePay financing program are reported at the amount expected to be collected on the consolidated balance sheets, which considers implicit price concessions. Financing revenue from its accounts receivable is recognized based on the contractual market interest rate with the customer, net of implicit price concessions. There are no fees or origination costs included in accounts receivable. The Company sells doctor-prescribed impression kits to its customers as an alternative to an in-person visit at one of its SmileShops, popup locations, or Partner Network locations, comprised of affiliated dentist and orthodontist offices, where the customer receives a free oral digital imaging of their teeth. The Company combines the sales of its impression kits with aligner sales and recognizes the revenues as control of the performance obligation is transferred upon shipment of the aligners. The Company estimates the amount of impression kit sales that do not result in an aligner therapy treatment plan and recognizes such revenue when aligner conversion becomes remote. Retainers and Other Products: The Company sells retainers and other products (such as whitening gel and tooth brushes) to customers, which can be purchased on the Company’s website or certain retail outlets. The sales of these products are independent and separate from the customer’s decision to purchase aligner therapy for domestic sales. The Company determined that the transfer of control for these performance obligations occurs as the title of such products passes to the customer or retail partner. The following table summarizes revenue recognized for each product sold by the Company: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Aligner revenue, net $ 360,827 $ 517,552 $ 543,136 Financing revenue, net 33,778 42,919 49,407 Retainers and other products revenue 76,138 77,140 64,237 Total revenue $ 470,743 $ 637,611 $ 656,780 Implicit price concessions, cancellations, and refunds included in total revenue $ 94,648 $ 129,307 $ 138,841 Deferred Revenue: Deferred revenue represents the Company’s contract liability for performance obligations associated with sales of aligners. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company recognized $470,743, $637,611, and $656,780 of revenue, respectively, of which $14,949, $22,550 and $19,750 was previously included in deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments: The Company records a provision to maintain an allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments that result from the failure or inability of its members or other partners to make required payments deemed collectible when the product was delivered, or customer returns resulting in cancellations or refunds. When determining the allowances for member receivables, the Company considers the probability of recoverability of accounts receivable based on past experience, taking into account current collection trends and general economic factors. The Company also considers future economic trends in its estimation of expected credit losses over the lifetime of the asset. Credit risks are assessed based on historical write-offs, cancellations, and adjustments, net of recoveries, as well as an analysis of the aged accounts receivable balances. Accounts receivable may be fully reserved for when specific collection issues are known to exist, such as a history of missed scheduled payments and customer service or production issues. Activity in the allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows: Allowance for Credit Losses Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 49,309 Current period provision for expected credit losses and other revenue adjustments 94,648 Write-offs and other adjustments charged against the allowance, net of recoveries (96,197) Refunds paid (10,974) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 36,786 As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, $32,562 and $43,097 related to implicit price concessions and cancellation and adjustment reserves and is included in net receivables, respectively, and $4,224 and $6,212 related to refund reserves and is included in current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, respectively. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charges are recorded in cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of operations upon shipment. The Company incurred $18,182, $22,892 and $23,036 in outsourced shipping expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues includes the total cost of products produced and sold. Such costs include direct materials, direct labor, overhead costs (occupancy costs, indirect labor, and depreciation), fees retained by doctors, freight and duty expenses associated with moving materials from vendors to the Company’s facilities and from its facilities to the customers, and adjustments for shrinkage (physical inventory losses), lower of cost or net realizable value, slow moving product and excess inventory quantities. Marketing and Selling Expenses Marketing and selling expenses include direct online and offline marketing and advertising costs, costs associated with intraoral imaging services, selling labor, and occupancy costs of SmileShop locations. All marketing and selling expenses, including advertising, are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company incurred marketing, selling, and advertising costs of $290,231, $388,450 and $322,919, respectively. General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative expenses include payroll and benefit costs for corporate team members, equity-based compensation expenses, occupancy costs of corporate facilities, bank charges and costs associated with credit and debit card interchange fees, outside service fees, and other administrative costs, such as computer maintenance, supplies, travel, and lodging. Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation includes expenses related to the Company’s property, plant and equipment, including finance leases. Amortization includes expenses related to definite-lived intangible assets and capitalized software. Depreciation and amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the related assets, ranging from three years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the related lease terms or their useful lives. Depreciation and amortization is included in cost of revenues, marketing and selling expenses, and general and administrative expenses depending on the purpose of the related asset. Depreciation and amortization by financial statement line item were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Cost of revenues $ 22,389 $ 27,467 $ 24,718 Marketing and selling expenses 2,785 5,001 7,079 General and administrative expenses 49,221 37,645 24,593 Total $ 74,395 $ 70,113 $ 56,390 Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company measures the fair value of financial instruments as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 — Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, current and non-current receivables, accounts payable, debt instruments, and derivative financial instruments. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying values of cash, current receivables, and trade payables approximate current fair value at each balance sheet date. The Company had $873,888 and $747,500 in borrowings under its debt facilities (as discussed in Note 10) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The fair value of the Company’s debt facilities is based upon market quotes and trades by investors in partial interests of these instruments (Level 2). As of December 31, 2022, the fair value of the 2026 Convertible Senior Notes was approximately $77,553 compared to its carrying value of $734,155. The Company entered into a 2022 HPS Credit Facility on April 27, 2022. Based on market interest rates (Level 2 inputs), the carrying value of the borrowings for the 2022 HPS Credit Facility approximates fair value for each period reported. Certain Risks and Uncertainties The Company’s operating results depend to a significant extent on the ability to market and develop its products. The life cycles of the Company’s products are difficult to estimate due, in part, to the effect of future product enhancements and competition. The inability to successfully develop and market the Company’s products as a result of competition or other factors would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations. The Company provides credit to customers in the normal course of business. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses and such losses have been within management’s expectations. No individual customer accounted for 1% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 or 2021, or net revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Some of the Company’s products are considered medical devices and are subject to extensive regulation in the U.S. and internationally. The regulations to which the Company is subject are complex. Regulatory changes could result in restrictions on the Company’s ability to carry on or expand its operations, higher than anticipated costs or lower than anticipated sales. The failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements may have a material adverse impact on the Company. The Company’s reliance on international operations exposes it to related risks and uncertainties, including difficulties in staffing and managing international operations, such as hiring and retaining qualified personnel; political, social and economic instability; interruptions and limitations in telecommunication services; product and material transportation delays or disruption; trade restrictions and changes in tariffs; import and export license requirements and restrictions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and potential adverse tax consequences. If any of these risks materialize, operating results may be harmed. The Company purchases certain inventory from sole suppliers, and the inability of any supplier or manufacturer to fulfill the supply requirements could materially and adversely impact its future operating results. We obtain and process a large amount of sensitive data. Our systems and networks may be subject to cybersecurity breaches and other disruptions that could compromise our information. On May 3, 2021, the Company announced that it experienced a systems outage that was caused by a cybersecurity incident on April 14, 2021 (the “Incident”). During 2022, we received $8.0 million in insurance proceeds as final settlement related to reimbursement of expenses and business interruption as result of the Incident, which is included in Other expense (income) on the consolidated statement of operations. Cash Cash consists of all highly liquid investments with original maturities of less than three months. Cash is held in various financial institutions in the U.S. and internationally. Restricted cash Restricted cash primarily consists of cash restricted in connection with the 2022 HPS Credit Facility for the Company’s capital structure. Restricted cash is included under non-current assets for debt that will expire in more than one year from the balance sheet date. Reconciliation of cash and restricted cash were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Cash $ 93,120 $ 224,860 Restricted cash 25,278 — Total cash and restricted cash $ 118,398 $ 224,860 Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out method of inventory accounting. Inventory consists of raw materials for producing impression kits and aligners and finished goods. Inventory is net of shrinkage and obsolescence. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and impairment charges. Routine maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. At the time property, plant and equipment are retired from service, the cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the respective accounts and the related gains or losses are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Leases The Company categorizes leases at their inception as either operating or finance leases. Lease agreements cover certain retail locations, office space, warehouse, manufacturing and distribution space and equipment. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, other current liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, net, current portion of long-term debt, and long-term debt. Leased assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses a secured incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for determining the present value of lease payments when the rate implicit in the contract is not readily determinable. Leases that have a term of twelve months or less upon commencement date are considered short-term in nature. Accordingly, short-term leases are not included on the consolidated balance sheets and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which commences on the date we have the right to control the property. Internally Developed Software Costs The Company generally provides services to its customers using software developed for internal use. The costs that are incurred to develop such software are expensed as incurred during the preliminary project stage. Once certain criteria have been met, direct costs incurred in developing or obtaining computer software are capitalized. Training and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Capitalized software costs are included in property, plant and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized over useful life of the software which is generally a three-year to five-year period. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized $20,264, $58,558 and $21,509, respectively, of internally developed software costs. Amortization expense for internally developed software was $27,791, $17,973 and $7,978 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Impairment The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. An asset or asset group is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future undiscounted net cash flows that the asset or asset group is expected to generate. Factors the Company considers important which could trigger an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, significant loss of customers and changes in the competitive environment. If an asset or asset group is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds its fair market value. The Company’s estimates of future cash flows attributable to long-lived assets require significant judgment based on its historical and anticipated results and are subject to many assumptions. The estimation of fair value utilizing a discounted cash flow approach includes numerous uncertainties which require significant judgment when making assumptions of expected growth rates and the selection of discount rates, as well as assumptions regarding general economic and business conditions, and the structure that would yield the highest economic value, among other factors. Debt Issuance Costs The Company records debt issuance costs related to its term debt as direct deductions from the carrying amount of the debt. The costs are amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt using the effective interest method. Income Taxes SDC Inc. is the managing member of SDC Financial and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of SDC Financial in the consolidated financial statements. SDC Financial and its subsidiaries are limited liability companies and have elected to be taxed as partnerships for income tax purposes except for a subsidiary, SDC Holding, LLC (‘‘SDC Holding”) and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries, which are taxed as corporations. As such, SDC Financial does not pay any federal income taxes, as any income or loss is included in the tax returns of the individual members. SDC Financial does pay state income tax in certain jurisdictions, and the Company’s income tax provision in the consolidated financial statements reflects the income taxes for those states. Additionally, certain wholly-owned entities taxed as corporations are subject to federal, state, and foreign income taxes, in the jurisdictions in which they operate, and accruals for such taxes are included in the consolidated financial statements. The Company further evaluates deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction and recognizes associated benefits when positive evidence of realization exceeds negative evidence, and otherwise records valuation allowances as necessary. The Company computes the provision for income taxes using the liability method and recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using tax rates applicable to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled and provides a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets when it cannot conclude that it is more likely than not that some or all deferred tax assets will be realized. In addition, the Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it expects that its tax positions are more likely than not that they will be sustained, based on the technical merits of the positions, on examination by the jurisdictional tax authority. The Company recognizes any accrued interest and penalties to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense and income tax expense, respectively. Tax Receivable Agreement In connection with the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO, the Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with the Continuing LLC Members, pursuant to which SDC Inc. agreed to pay the Continuing LLC Members 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax or franchise tax that SDC Inc. actually realizes as a result of (a) the increases in tax basis attributable to exchanges by Continuing LLC Members and (b) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by SDC Inc. as a result of the Tax Receivable Agreement. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized no liabilities relating to its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, after concluding that it was not probable that the Company would have sufficient future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the related tax benefits. There were no transactions subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement for which the Company recognized the related liability, as the Company concluded that it would not have sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of the related tax benefits. |
Inventories
Inventories | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Raw materials $ 16,763 $ 14,662 Finished goods 27,624 26,141 Total inventories $ 44,387 $ 40,803 |
Prepaid and Other assets
Prepaid and Other assets | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Prepaid and Other assets | Prepaid and Other Assets Prepaid and other assets are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Prepaid expenses $ 9,338 $ 11,496 Deposits to vendors 5,487 5,443 Other 2,005 580 Total prepaid and other current assets $ 16,830 $ 17,519 Prepaid expenses, non-current $ 1,127 $ 1,911 Deposits to vendors, non-current 727 967 Indefinite-lived intangible assets 7,971 7,155 Other intangible assets, net 2,486 2,458 Investments and other 5,659 2,989 Total other assets $ 17,970 $ 15,480 |
Lease Abandonment, Impairment o
Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related Charges | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | |
Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related Charges | Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related ChargesThe Company implemented changes during the year ended December 31, 2022 resulting in one-time restructuring related charges of $20,957. These charges were primarily associated with lease buyouts, asset impairments related to the closure of regional operating centers and SmileShops, and employee-related costs, including severance and retention payments, associated with the previously announced suspension of operations in Mexico, Spain, Germany, Netherlands, Austria, Hong Kong, Singapore and New Zealand. Incentive retention payments will generally vest over a 12 month period ending March 2023 and were provided to certain team members as a result of the restructuring. The Company will continue to operate in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, France and Australia, and will scale its presence in each, except France. With these changes, the Company implemented a reduction in workforce to right-size its operating structure so it is tailored to the countries in which the Company will continue to operate and focus. The Company continues to evaluate its SmileShops and other properties to determine if it will further rationalize its footprint to better align with marketplace demand, including the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional future restructuring charges may result from the Company’s real estate repositioning and optimization initiatives. The following table summarizes lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets and restructuring and other related charges for the periods presented: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets: Impairment of property, plant and equipment $ 1,289 $ 586 $ 21,628 Impairment of operating lease right of use assets — 895 3,829 $ 1,289 $ 1,481 $ 25,457 Restructuring and other related charges: Impairment of inventory $ 643 $ 219 $ 786 Short-term lease termination fees 269 205 4,687 Other expenses including personnel related costs such as severance and retention 18,756 3,374 1,561 $ 19,668 $ 3,798 $ 7,034 The balance of the unpaid accruals for the restructuring programs recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was $221 in accrued liabilities. The balance of paid unrecognized retention expense for the restructuring programs recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was $1,368 in prepaid expenses and other current assets. |
Property, Plant and Equipment,
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | Property, Plant and Equipment, Net Property, plant and equipment were comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Lab and SmileShop equipment $ 96,034 $ 118,320 Computer equipment and software 230,481 178,508 Leasehold improvements 33,831 36,474 Furniture and fixtures 13,800 13,321 Vehicles 6,882 8,018 Construction in progress 8,577 23,182 389,605 377,823 Less: accumulated depreciation (199,518) (150,622) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 190,087 $ 227,201 |
Leases
Leases | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Leases [Abstract] | |
Leases | LeasesThe Company leases property and equipment under finance and operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related right-of-use assets and right-of-use obligations at the present value of lease payments over the term. Certain of the Company’s leases include rental escalation clauses and renewal options that are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. Certain of the Company’s leased store locations have variable payments based upon scan volume as well as other variable property related costs. The Company does not separate lease and non-lease components of contracts. Generally, the Company uses its estimated incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement, as most of its leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit interest rate. The Company estimates its collateralized incremental borrowing rate based upon a synthetic credit rating and yield curve analysis at commencement or modification date in determining the present value of lease payments. All finance lease arrangements ended during the fourth quarter of 2022. The following table presents lease-related assets and liabilities: Leases Assets and Liabilities Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Assets: Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 21,141 $ 24,927 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment, net — 10,163 $ 21,141 $ 35,090 Liabilities: Operating leases Other current liabilities $ 6,336 $ 4,997 Finance leases Current portion of long-term debt — 10,997 Operating leases Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 16,082 20,352 $ 22,418 $ 36,346 Weighted average remaining term: Operating leases 4.1 years 4.8 years Finance leases — 0.8 years Weighted average discount rate: Operating leases (1) 4.99 % 4.94 % Finance leases — % 7.00 % (1) Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2020. The following table presents certain information related to lease expense for finance and operating leases: Expense Category Statement of Operations Classification Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Finance lease expense: Amortization of leased assets Cost of revenues $ 5,599 $ 9,208 $ 9,988 Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 413 1,265 2,062 Operating leases (3) 7,121 8,607 9,875 Short-term lease expense (3) 9,911 12,290 16,452 Variable lease expense (3) 475 728 3,249 Total lease expense $ 23,519 $ 32,098 $ 41,626 (3) Expenses are included in “Cost of revenues”, “Marketing and selling expenses”, or “General and administrative expenses” in our consolidated statements of operations, depending on the purpose of the related asset. Other Information The following table represents supplemental cash flow information: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts used in the measurement of lease liabilities: Cash used in operating activities $ 6,799 $ 8,265 Cash used in investing activities $ — $ — Cash used in financing activities $ 6,447 $ 11,055 Maturities of Lease Liabilities The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2022: Operating Leases 2023 $ 7,309 2024 5,654 2025 4,295 2026 3,794 2027 3,467 2028 and thereafter 461 Total minimum lease payments 24,980 Amount representing interest (2,562) Present value of future minimum lease payments 22,418 Less: current portion (6,336) Long-term lease liabilities $ 16,082 |
Leases | LeasesThe Company leases property and equipment under finance and operating leases. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related right-of-use assets and right-of-use obligations at the present value of lease payments over the term. Certain of the Company’s leases include rental escalation clauses and renewal options that are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. Certain of the Company’s leased store locations have variable payments based upon scan volume as well as other variable property related costs. The Company does not separate lease and non-lease components of contracts. Generally, the Company uses its estimated incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement, as most of its leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit interest rate. The Company estimates its collateralized incremental borrowing rate based upon a synthetic credit rating and yield curve analysis at commencement or modification date in determining the present value of lease payments. All finance lease arrangements ended during the fourth quarter of 2022. The following table presents lease-related assets and liabilities: Leases Assets and Liabilities Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Assets: Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 21,141 $ 24,927 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment, net — 10,163 $ 21,141 $ 35,090 Liabilities: Operating leases Other current liabilities $ 6,336 $ 4,997 Finance leases Current portion of long-term debt — 10,997 Operating leases Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 16,082 20,352 $ 22,418 $ 36,346 Weighted average remaining term: Operating leases 4.1 years 4.8 years Finance leases — 0.8 years Weighted average discount rate: Operating leases (1) 4.99 % 4.94 % Finance leases — % 7.00 % (1) Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2020. The following table presents certain information related to lease expense for finance and operating leases: Expense Category Statement of Operations Classification Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Finance lease expense: Amortization of leased assets Cost of revenues $ 5,599 $ 9,208 $ 9,988 Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 413 1,265 2,062 Operating leases (3) 7,121 8,607 9,875 Short-term lease expense (3) 9,911 12,290 16,452 Variable lease expense (3) 475 728 3,249 Total lease expense $ 23,519 $ 32,098 $ 41,626 (3) Expenses are included in “Cost of revenues”, “Marketing and selling expenses”, or “General and administrative expenses” in our consolidated statements of operations, depending on the purpose of the related asset. Other Information The following table represents supplemental cash flow information: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts used in the measurement of lease liabilities: Cash used in operating activities $ 6,799 $ 8,265 Cash used in investing activities $ — $ — Cash used in financing activities $ 6,447 $ 11,055 Maturities of Lease Liabilities The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2022: Operating Leases 2023 $ 7,309 2024 5,654 2025 4,295 2026 3,794 2027 3,467 2028 and thereafter 461 Total minimum lease payments 24,980 Amount representing interest (2,562) Present value of future minimum lease payments 22,418 Less: current portion (6,336) Long-term lease liabilities $ 16,082 |
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued Liabilities | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | |
Accrued Liabilities | Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities were comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Accrued marketing and selling costs $ 16,116 $ 37,883 Accrued payroll and payroll related expenses 11,214 15,829 Accrued sales tax and related costs 7,178 8,769 Other 31,429 59,585 Total accrued liabilities $ 65,937 $ 122,066 |
Income Taxes
Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Income Taxes | Income TaxesSDC Inc. is the managing member of SDC Financial and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of SDC Financial. SDC Financial and its subsidiaries are limited liability companies and have elected to be taxed as partnerships for income tax purposes except for a subsidiary, SDC Holding and certain of its domestic and foreign subsidiaries, which are taxed as corporations. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal, various states and foreign jurisdictions. Any taxable income or loss generated by SDC Financial is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including SDC Inc., generally on a pro rata basis or otherwise under the terms of the SDC Financial LLC Agreement. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income or loss of SDC Financial, as well as any stand-alone income or loss generated by SDC Inc.The Company recorded an income tax expense (benefit) of $(642) for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to an income tax expense of $1,268 during the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company’s income tax expense may vary from the expense that would be expected based on statutory rates due principally to its organizational structure and recognition of valuation allowances against deferred tax assets. Income Tax Expense (Benefit) The components of loss before income taxes were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Domestic $ (265,403) $ (320,870) $ (269,211) Foreign (13,092) (13,512) (6,166) Loss before income taxes $ (278,495) $ (334,382) $ (275,377) The income tax provision (benefit) was as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Current: Federal $ 441 $ 258 $ 1,169 State 379 359 642 Foreign (1,113) (12) 1253 Current income tax provision (benefit) $ (293) $ 605 $ 3,064 Deferred: Federal $ — $ — $ — State (485) 80 58 Foreign 136 583 — Deferred income tax provision (benefit) $ (349) $ 663 $ 58 Total income tax provision (benefit) $ (642) $ 1,268 $ 3,122 The reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 U.S. federal income tax statutory rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % Income attributable to noncontrolling interest and non taxable income (13.4) % (13.0) % (13.2) % State income tax, net of federal benefit 0.1 % (0.1) % (0.1) % Losses for which no benefit has been recognized (9.7) % (12.5) % (0.4) % Foreign rate differential — % 0.2 % (0.1) % Uncertain tax position (0.1) % (0.1) % (0.5) % Change in investment in partnership 2.3 % 4.1 % (7.8) % Effective income tax rate 0.2 % (0.4) % (1.1) % Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of tax carryovers and temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the balances for income tax purposes. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Deferred tax assets: Deferred revenue $ 260 $ 369 Accruals and reserves 6,976 4,411 Net operating loss carryforwards 147,676 111,413 Basis in partnership 157,867 173,092 Gross deferred tax assets 312,779 289,285 Valuation allowance (311,195) (288,506) Net deferred tax assets $ 1,584 $ 779 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization $ (1,587) $ (814) Other (435) (757) Gross deferred tax liabilities (2,022) (1,571) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (438) $ (792) A reconciliation of the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of year $ 2,928 $ 2,555 Increases for tax positions taken in prior years — — Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years — — Increases for tax positions taken in current year 421 438 Decreases for settlements with taxing authorities — — Decreases for lapsing of the statute of limitations (53) (65) Balance at end of year $ 3,296 $ 2,928 The total amount of accrued interest and penalties were not significant as of December 31, 2022. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefit recorded during 2022 and 2021 was $3,296 and $2,928, respectively. All our unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would have a favorable impact on the effective tax rate. Tax Receivable Agreement The Company expects to obtain an increase in its share of the tax basis in the net assets of SDC Financial when LLC Units are redeemed from or exchanged by Continuing LLC Members. The Company intends to treat any redemptions and exchanges of LLC Units as direct purchases of LLC Units for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amounts that it would otherwise pay in the future to various tax authorities. They may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets. In connection with the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO, the Company entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement with the Continuing LLC Members. The Tax Receivable Agreement provides for the payment by SDC Inc. of 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that SDC Inc. actually realizes, or in some cases is deemed to realize, as a result of (i) increases in SDC Inc.’s share of the tax basis in the net assets of SDC Financial resulting from any redemptions or exchanges of LLC Units, (ii) tax basis increases attributable to payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and (iii) deductions attributable to imputed interest pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement (collectively, the “TRA Payments”). The Company expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of any of cash savings, if any, that it realizes. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company exchanged an aggregate of $1,001 in LLC Units in connection with the redemption of certain Continuing LLC Members, which resulted in an increase in the tax basis of the assets of SDC Financial subject to the provisions of the Tax Receivable Agreement. The Company has not recognized any additional liability under the Tax Receivable Agreement after concluding it was not probable that such TRA Payments would be paid based on its estimates of future taxable income. No payments were made to the Continuing LLC Members pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement during the years ended December 31, 2022 or 2021. The amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the amount, character, and timing of the taxable income of SDC Inc. in the future. If the valuation allowance recorded against the deferred tax assets applicable to the tax attributes referenced above is released in a future period, the Tax Receivable Agreement liability may be considered probable at that time and recorded within earnings. |
Long-Term Debt
Long-Term Debt | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Long-Term Debt | Long-Term Debt The Company’s debt and finance lease obligations are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 2026 Convertible Senior Notes, net of unamortized financing costs of $13,345 and $17,527, respectively $ 734,155 $ 729,973 2022 HPS Credit Facility, net of unamortized financing costs of $2,516 115,224 — Finance lease obligations — 10,997 Total debt 849,379 740,970 Less current portion — (10,997) Total long-term debt $ 849,379 $ 729,973 2026 Convertible Senior Notes On February 9, 2021, the Company issued $650,000 principal amount of the Company’s 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Notes”). The Company also granted the initial purchasers of the Notes an option to purchase up to an additional $97,500 aggregate principal amount of the Notes (“Option Notes”). On February 9, 2021, the initial purchasers of the Notes exercised their option to purchase $70,000 aggregate principal amount of the Option Notes (the “First Greenshoe Exercise”). The sale of the Option Notes from the First Greenshoe Exercise closed on February 12, 2021. On February 11, 2021, the initial purchasers of the Notes exercised the remaining portion of their option to purchase $27,500 aggregate principal amount of the Option Notes (the “Second Greenshoe Exercise” and the Option Notes issued in connection with the Second Greenshoe Exercise, the “Second Greenshoe Option Notes”). The sale of the Second Greenshoe Option Notes closed on February 16, 2021. The Notes were issued and governed by an indenture, dated February 9, 2021 (the “Indenture”) between the Company and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee. The Notes will mature on February 1, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. The Notes will not bear regular interest, and the principal amount of the Notes will not accrete. The initial conversion rate for the Notes is 55.3710 shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $18.06 per share of Class A Common Stock. The initial conversion price of the Notes represents a premium of approximately 40% over the last reported sale of $12.90 per share of the Company's Class A Common Stock on February 4, 2021. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. The Company recorded $21,391 related to deferred financing costs of the Notes. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company amortized deferred financing costs under the effective interest rate method of $4,267 and $3,811, respectively. The Notes are the Company’s senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with the Company’s existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including the Company’s trade payables, and (to the extent the Company is not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company may, at its option, redeem some of the Notes, in whole or in part, at the applicable redemption price as set forth in the Indenture. If certain corporate events that constitute a “Fundamental Change” (as defined in the Indenture) occur, then noteholders may require the Company to repurchase their Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid special interest, if any. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving the Company and certain de-listing events with respect to the Company’s Class A common stock. The Notes have customary provisions relating to the occurrence of an “Event of Default” (as defined in the Indenture), which include the following: (i) a default by the Company in the payment when due (whether at maturity, upon redemption or repurchase upon fundamental change or otherwise) of the principal of, or the redemption price or fundamental change repurchase price for, any Note (ii) a default by the Company for 30 days in the payment when due of special interest, if any, on any Note; (iii) the Company’s failure to send certain notices under the Indenture within specified periods of time; (iv) a default by the Company in its obligation to convert a Note in accordance with the Indenture upon the exercise of the conversion right with respect thereto, if such default is not cured within three If an Event of Default involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events with respect to the Company (and not solely with respect to a significant subsidiary of the Company) occurs, then the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid special interest, if any, on all of the Notes then outstanding will immediately become due and payable without any further action or notice by any person. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then the Trustee, by notice to the Company, or noteholders of at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes then outstanding, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid special interest, if any, on all of the Notes then outstanding to become due and payable immediately. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may elect, at its option, that the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by the Company to comply with certain reporting covenants in the Indenture consists exclusively of the right of the noteholders to receive special interest on the Notes for up to 180 days at a specified rate per annum not exceeding 0.50% on the principal amount of the Notes. The Company used approximately $69,518 of the net proceeds from the Notes to fund the cost of entering into the capped call transactions described below. The Company used a portion of the remainder of the net proceeds from the offering to repay amounts owed under the 2020 HPS Credit Facility. On February 4, 2021, in connection with the pricing of the Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Base Capped Call Transactions”) with certain of the initial purchasers of the Notes and/or their respective affiliates and/or other financial institutions (the “Option Counterparties”). In addition, on February 9, 2021, in connection with First Greenshoe Exercise and on February 11, 2021, in connection with the Second Greenshoe Exercise, the Company entered into additional privately negotiated capped call transactions (collectively, and together with the Base Capped Call Transactions, the “Capped Call Transactions”) with the Option Counterparties. The Capped Call Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Notes, the number of shares of Class A common stock initially underlying the Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce potential dilution to the Class A common stock upon any conversion of the Notes and/or offset any potential cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of such converted Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. The Capped Call Transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company with each Option Counterparty, and are not part of the terms of the Notes and will not affect any noteholder’s rights under the Notes. Noteholders will not have any rights with respect to the Capped Call Transactions. In connection with the issuance of the Notes, SmileDirectClub, Inc. entered into an intercompany convertible promissory note (“Intercompany Convertible Note”) with SDC Financial, LLC, whereby SmileDirectClub, Inc. provided the net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes to SDC Financial, LLC. The terms of the Intercompany Convertible Note mirror the terms of the Notes issued by SmileDirectClub, Inc. The intent of the Intercompany Convertible Note is to maintain the parity of shares of Class A common stock with LLC Units as required by the SDC Financial LLC Agreement. 2020 HPS Credit Facility In May 2020, SDC U.S. SmilePay SPV (“SPV”), a wholly-owned special purpose subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Loan Agreement among SPV, as borrower, SmileDirectClub, LLC, as the seller and servicer, certain lenders, and HPS Investment Partners, LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, providing a five-year secured term loan facility to SPV in an initial aggregate maximum principal amount of $400,000, net of original issue discount of $12,000 (the “2020 HPS Credit Facility”). On March 29, 2021, the 2020 HPS Credit Facility was paid in full and terminated. In connection with the repayment, the unamortized loan costs, the unaccreted warrant value, and the prepayment fee described above are recorded as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. 2022 HPS Credit Facility On April 27, 2022, SPV entered into a Loan Agreement (the “2022 HPS Credit Facility”) by and among SPV, as borrower, SmileDirectClub, LLC, as the seller and servicer, certain lenders, and HPS Investment Partners, LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent, providing a 42-month secured delayed-draw term loan facility to SPV in an aggregate maximum principal amount of up to $255,000. The Company recorded $5,426 of deferred financing costs on the 2022 HPS Credit Facility. Of the $5,426 deferred financing costs, $2,713 is associated with the unused loan commitment amount and is presented as “Other assets” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The remaining costs of $2,713 are amortized over the term of the loan. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company amortized under the effective interest rate method $219 of deferred financing costs. Outstanding loans under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility bear interest at a variable rate equal to (i) subject to a 1.00% per annum floor, three-month LIBOR plus 10.75% per annum, of which interest accrued at up to 3.75% per annum may be payable in kind, or (ii) subject to a 2.00% per annum floor, an interest rate equal to the greater of (a) the prime rate in effect from time to time and (b) the federal funds rate in effect from time to time plus 0.5%, plus in each case 9.75% per annum, of which, in each of the foregoing cases, interest accrued at up to 3.75% per annum may be payable in kind. In addition to paying interest on the outstanding principal balance, the Company is required to pay a lender’s commitment fee of 2.75% per annum based on the unused facility amount. As required under the loan agreement, the total of $13,000 was deposited into the SDC Cash Reserve account on the closing date of the 2022 HPS Credit Facility. In December, 2022, we drew an additional $60,000 from 2022 HPS Credit Facility and deposited an additional $12,000 into the SDC Cash Reserve account.. Subject to certain exceptions, the 2022 HPS Credit Facility is secured by first-priority security interests in SPV’s assets, which consist of certain receivables, cash, intellectual property and related assets. SPV’s obligations under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility are guaranteed on a limited basis by SmileDirectClub, LLC and SDC Financial LLC (collectively, the “Guarantors”). The Guarantors guarantee (i) on a full recourse basis, up to 10% of SPV’s outstanding obligations under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility plus enforcement costs, and (ii) certain losses incurred by the lenders as a result of fraud, misrepresentation, legal and regulation violations and certain other actions and omissions by SPV and/or certain of its affiliates. The Guarantors do not pledge their assets to secure any obligations of SPV under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $181,161 of its receivable collateralized as part of the 2022 HPS Credit Facility. The 2022 HPS Credit Facility contains various restrictions, covenants, ratios and events of default, including: • SPV has limitations on consolidations, creation of liens, incurring additional indebtedness, dispositions of assets, investments and paying dividends or other distributions. • SDC Financial LLC, its consolidated subsidiaries and certain originator entities must maintain minimum monthly liquidity of $50,000 and are subject to additional leverage ratios upon the occurrence of additional debt. If any event of default under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility occurs, then the collateral agent may declare any outstanding obligations under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable. In addition, if SPV or certain of its affiliates become the subject of voluntary or involuntary proceedings under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, then any outstanding obligations under the 2022 HPS Credit Facility will automatically become immediately due and payable. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $126,388 outstanding including the original discount of $10,200 and was in compliance with all covenants in the 2022 HPS Credit Facility. The permitted loan balance was $140,400 based on the underlying accounts receivable balances. Amounts drawn, up to $255,000 , but in excess of the permitted loan balance are required to be kept in the SDC U.S. SmilePay SPV and are restricted. The Company was in compliance with all covenants related to the 2022 HPS Credit Facility as of December 31, 2022. HPS Warrants I n connection with the 2020 HPS Credit Facility, the Company issued warrants (“HPS Warrants”) to affiliates of HPS Investment Partners, LLC exercisable at any time into an aggregate of 3,889,575 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, which amounted to 1% of the Company’s total outstanding Class A and Class B common stock, including the HPS Warrants, as of the closing date of the 2020 HPS Credit Facility, at an exercise price of $7.11 per share, payable in cash or pursuant to a cashless exercise. The HPS Warrants were recorded at their initial fair value of $17,620 and included within stockholders’ equity (deficit). The termination and payoff of the 2020 HPS Credit Facility did not impact the HPS Warrants. Future Maturities Annual future maturities of long-term debt, excluding unamortized financing costs, are as follows at December 31, 2022: 2022 HPS Credit Facility 2026 Convertible Senior Notes Total 2023 $ — $ — $ — 2024 — — — 2025 126,388 — 126,388 2026 — 747,500 747,500 Total $ 126,388 $ 747,500 $ 873,888 |
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling Interests | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract] | |
Noncontrolling Interests | Noncontrolling InterestsSDC Inc. is the sole managing member of SDC Financial, and consolidates the financial results of SDC Financial. Therefore, SDC Inc. reports a noncontrolling interest based on the common units of SDC Financial held by the Continuing LLC Members. Changes in SDC Inc.’s ownership interest in SDC Financial, while SDC Inc. retains its controlling interest in SDC Financial, are accounted for as equity transactions. As such, future redemptions or direct exchanges of LLC Units by the Continuing LLC Members will result in a change in ownership and reduce or increase the amount recorded as noncontrolling interest and increase or decrease additional paid-in capital when SDC Financial has positive or negative net assets, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, SDC Inc. had 124,785,562 shares of Class A common stock outstanding, which resulted in an equivalent amount of ownership of LLC Units by SDC Inc. As of December 31, 2022, SDC Inc. had a 31.7% economic ownership interest in SDC Financial. |
Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
Variable Interest Entities | Variable Interest Entities Upon completion of the IPO, SDC Inc. became the managing member of SDC Financial with 100% of the management and voting power in SDC Financial. In its capacity as managing member, SDC Inc. has the sole authority to make decisions on behalf of SDC Financial and bind SDC Financial to signed agreements. Further, SDC Financial maintains separate capital accounts for its investors as a mechanism for tracking earnings and subsequent distribution rights. Accordingly, management concluded that SDC Financial is determined to be a limited partnership or similar legal entity as contemplated in ASC 810. Furthermore, management concluded that SDC Inc. is SDC Financial’s primary beneficiary. As the primary beneficiary, SDC Inc. consolidates the results of SDC Financial for financial reporting purposes under the variable interest consolidation model guidance in ASC 810. SDC Inc.’s relationship with SDC Financial results in no recourse to the general credit of SDC Inc. SDC Financial and its consolidated subsidiaries represents SDC Inc.’s sole investment. SDC Inc. shares in the income and losses of SDC Financial in direct proportion to SDC Inc.’s ownership percentage. Further, SDC Inc. has no contractual requirement to provide financial support to SDC Financial. SDC Inc.’s financial position, performance and cash flows effectively represent those of SDC Financial as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Prior to the IPO and Reorganization Transactions, SDC Inc. was not impacted by SDC Financial. |
Incentive Compensation Plans
Incentive Compensation Plans | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |
Incentive Compensation Plans | Incentive Compensation Plans In connection with the IPO, the Company adopted the 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2019 Plan”) in August 2019. The Company’s board of directors or the compensation committee of the board of directors, acting as plan administrator, administers the 2019 Plan and the awards granted under it. The Company reserved a total of 38,486,295 shares of Class A common stock for issuance pursuant to the 2019 Plan. The Company currently has two types of share-based compensation awards outstanding under the 2019 Plan: Class A common stock options (“Options”) and Class A restricted stock units (“RSUs”), including those issued pursuant to IBAs. Class A Common Stock Options Options activity was as follows during the year ended December 31, 2022: Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Outstanding at December 31, 2021 1,664,122 $ 22.70 7.7 $ — Granted — — — — Exercised — — — — Expired — — — — Forfeited (276,631) 23.00 — — Outstanding at December 31, 2022 1,387,491 $ 22.91 6.6 $ — Exercisable at December 31, 2022 1,387,491 $ 22.91 6.6 $ — The Company estimates fair value of the Options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. There were no grants during the year ended December 31, 2022. Restricted Stock Units Incentive Bonus Awards The Company has IBA agreements with several key employees to provide a bonus payment in the event of a liquidation event as defined in each agreement. The bonus amounts are calculated based on the value of the Company at the time of the liquidation event, less an amount determined upon the employee entering into the agreement. The right to the payment generally vests annually over a five-year period, with certain liquidation events resulting in an acceleration of the vesting period. As the vesting of these awards was contingent on a liquidation event, no amounts were required to be recorded prior to a liquidation event. The IBA agreements were modified in August 2019 to accelerate certain vesting conditions upon a liquidation event and to modify the settlement terms, whereby the Company settled the vested portion of each IBA in 50% shares of Class A common stock and/or vested RSUs and 50% cash, of which approximately 80% of the cash (40% of the total vested portion of the award) that the IBA holders would have otherwise received was withheld by the Company to fulfill tax withholding obligations and the remainder was paid out to IBA holders upon the occurrence of a liquidation event. As a result of the modification and the occurrence of a liquidation event through the IPO, the Company recorded equity-based compensation expense of $316,959, equivalent to the amount of IBAs vested at the time of the IPO, in the form of cash, 5,654,078 shares of Class A common stock and 2,199,453 vested RSUs which were released over a period of six Non-IBA Restricted Stock Units The Company granted RSUs to certain team members that generally vest annually over two A summary of activity related to these RSUs is as follows: RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value RSUs outstanding, December 31, 2021 4,837,161 $ 15.53 Granted 29,333,175 2.15 Vested (1,697,096) 12.54 Forfeited (5,341,409) 4.32 RSUs outstanding, December 31, 2022 27,131,831 $ 2.63 During the year ended December 31, 2021, there were 4,333,642 shares of RSUs granted with a weighted-average fair value of $11.00 per share. During the year ended December 31, 2020, there were 1,900,605 shares of RSUs granted with a weighted-average fair value of $9.07 per share. As of December 31, 2022, unrecognized RSUs compensation expense was $53,709. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The SmileDirectClub, Inc. team member Stock Purchase Plan (“SPP”) was initiated in November 2019. Under the SPP, the Company is authorized to issue up to 5,772,944 shares of its Class A common stock to qualifying employees. Eligible team members may direct the Company, during each six months option period, to withhold up to 30% of their base salary and commissions, the proceeds from which are used to purchase shares of Class A common stock at a price equal to the lesser of 85% of the closing market price on the exercise date or the grant date. For accounting purposes, the SPP is considered a Summary of Equity-Based Compensation Expense The Company recognized compensation expense of $26,608, $44,628 and $44,903 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amounts are included in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of operations. |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Earnings (Loss) Per Share | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share | Earnings (Loss) Per ShareBasic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to SDC Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to SDC Inc., adjusted for the assumed exchange of all potentially dilutive LLC Units for Class A common stock, by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive elements. The following table sets forth reconciliations of the numerators and denominators used to compute basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Numerator: Net loss $ (277,853) $ (335,650) $ (278,499) Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (191,449) (233,208) (200,133) Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - basic (86,404) (102,442) (78,366) Add: Reallocation of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from the assumed exchange of LLC Units for Class A common stock (191,449) (233,208) (200,133) Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - diluted $ (277,853) $ (335,650) $ (278,499) Denominator: Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic 121,312,580 118,360,801 109,854,360 Add: Dilutive effects as shown separately below LLC Units that are exchangeable for Class A common stock 268,898,405 269,415,089 275,346,082 Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted 390,210,985 387,775,890 385,200,442 Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - basic $ (0.71) $ (0.87) $ (0.71) Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted $ (0.71) $ (0.87) $ (0.72) Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock do not participate in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented. Due to their anti-dilutive effect, the following securities have been excluded from diluted net earnings (loss) per share in the periods presented: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Options 1,387,491 1,664,122 1,679,339 Restricted Stock Units 27,131,831 4,837,161 3,819,882 Warrants 3,889,575 3,889,575 3,889,575 Shares issuable under the Notes (if converted method) (1) 41,389,822 41,389,822 — (1) In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company entered into Capped Call Transactions, which were not included for purposes of calculating the number of diluted shares outstanding, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The Capped Call Transactions are expected to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock (or, in the event a conversion of the Notes is settled in cash, to reduce its cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of conversion of the Notes the Company’s common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the Notes. |
Employee Benefit Plans
Employee Benefit Plans | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |
Employee Benefit Plans | Employee Benefit PlansThe Company has a defined contribution retirement plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, that covers substantially all U.S. employees who meet minimum age and service requirements and allows participants to defer a portion of their annual compensation on a pre-tax basis. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company matched 100% of employees’ salary deferral contributions up to 3% and 50% of employees’ salary deferral contributions from 3% to 5% of employees’ eligible compensation. The Company contributed $2,900, $3,141 and $3,202 to the 401(k) plan for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. |
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
Related Party Transactions | Related Party Transactions Products and Services The Company purchased legal services from a law firm where a partner is an immediate family member of an executive officer and director of the Company. Fees paid for services and costs totaled $7,469, $5,806 and $5,790 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. In February 2020, the Company completed the purchase of a private aircraft from Camelot SI Leasing, LLC, an entity indirectly under common control with Camelot, for $3,400, the appraised value of the aircraft. Distribution Payable |
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Commitments and Contingencies | Commitments and Contingencies Legal Matters In the ordinary course of conducting its business, the Company is involved, from time to time, in various contractual, product liability, intellectual property, and other claims and disputes incidental to its business. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties, the outcome of individual litigated matters is not predictable with assurance, and it is reasonably possible that some of these matters may be decided unfavorably to the Company and could have a material impact on the financial statements. In addition, the Company periodically receives communications from state and federal regulatory and similar agencies inquiring about the nature of its business activities, licensing of professionals providing services, and similar matters. Such matters are routinely concluded with no financial or operational impact on the Company. From September to December 2019, a number of purported stockholder class action complaints were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee and in state courts in Tennessee, Michigan, and New York against the Company, members of the Company’s board of directors, certain of its current or former officers, and the underwriters of its IPO. The following complaints have been filed to date: Mancour v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-1169-IV (TN Chancery Court filed 9/27/19), Vang v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19c2316 (TN Circuit Court filed 9/30/19), Fernandez v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19c2371 (TN Circuit Court filed 10/4/19), Wei Wei v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-1254-III (TN Chancery Court filed 10/18/19), Andre v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-cv-12883 (E.D. Mich. filed 10/2/19), Ginsberg v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-cv-09794 (S.D.N.Y. filed 10/23/19), Franchi v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-cv-962 (M.D. Tenn. filed 10/29/19), Nurlybayev v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., 19-177527-CB (Oakland County, MI Circuit Court filed 10/30/19), Sasso v. Katzman, et al., No. 657557/2019 (NY Supreme Court filed 12/18/19), Nurlybayev v. SmileDirectClub, Inc., No. 652603/2020 (Supreme Ct. N.Y. Cty. filed June 19, 2020). The complaints all allege, among other things, that the registration statement filed with the SEC on August 16, 2019, and accompanying amendments, and the Prospectus filed with the SEC on September 13, 2019, in connection with the Company’s initial public offering were inaccurate and misleading, contained untrue statements of material facts, omitted to state other facts necessary to make the statements made not misleading, and omitted to state material facts required to be stated therein. The complaints seek unspecified money damages, other equitable relief, and attorneys’ fees and costs. All the actions are in the preliminary stages. The Company denies any alleged wrongdoing and is vigorously defending against these actions. In December 2019, the Fernandez, Vang, Mancour and Wei Wei actions were consolidated and re-captioned In re SmileDirectClub, Inc. Securities Litigation, 19-1169-IV (Davidson County, TN Chancery Court). Plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint on December 20, 2019, and Defendants moved to stay or dismiss the action on February 10, 2020. On June 4, 2020, the court denied that motion. Defendants subsequently moved for permission to seek an interlocutory appeal of that decision. On June 22, 2020, the court granted that motion. On August 3, 2020, Defendants filed an application for interlocutory appeal with the court of appeals, which was denied. On September 21, 2020, Defendants filed an application for interlocutory appeal with the Tennessee Supreme Court, which was denied. On October 2, 2020, Plaintiffs moved for class certification, which Defendants opposed on January 25, 2021. On April 28, 2021, the court ruled in favor of the Plaintiffs class certification. The Company filed its notice of appeal on May 4, 2021. That appeal was fully briefed as of October 6, 2021. All trial court proceedings are stayed during the pendency of the appeal. On March 18, 2022, the Tennessee Court of Appeals dismissed the Plaintiff's Section 12(a)(2) claims but affirmed the grant of certification. On October 24, 2022, Plaintiffs in the Franchi action described below moved to intervene in this action, and their motion was denied on December 6, 2022. The case is currently in discovery and the deadline for completion of fact discovery is June 13, 2023. The Andre and Ginsberg actions were transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, where they were consolidated with the Franchi action. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint on February 21, 2020, and Defendants moved to dismiss the action on March 23, 2020. That motion remains pending. While that motion was pending, the parties stipulated to allow Plaintiffs to file a further amended complaint, which Plaintiffs filed on March 31, 2021. Defendants’ motion to dismiss the new complaint was due on or before May 14, 2021. That motion was fully briefed as of July 19, 2021. On September 30, 2022, the Court denied in part and granted in part Defendants’ motion to dismiss. Defendants filed an answer to the second amended complaint on November 14, 2022. The court held an initial case management conference on December 2, 2022. The case is currently in discovery and the deadline for completion of fact discovery is July 10, 2023. In the Nurlybayev action, on January 10, 2020, the Defendants moved to dismiss or stay the entire action in favor of the related actions pending in Tennessee, which motion was granted and the case was dismissed on February 26, 2020. On June 19, 2020, Plaintiff Nurlybayev filed a substantially similar action in New York state court. On August 21, 2020, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss that action, which the Court granted on May 25, 2021. On January 31, 2022, Plaintiff filed a notice of appeal. On March 2, 2022, we filed our opposition. Plaintiff filed their reply brief on March 11, 2022. On April 5, 2022, the Court heard argument on the appeal and on May 25, 2022 the Court of Appeals granted our motion to dismiss. Plaintiff filed a notice of appeal, perfected his appeal on January 21, 2022, and the First Department affirmed dismissal of the action on May 5, 2022. In the Sasso action, Plaintiff agreed to stay the action pending resolution of any motions to dismiss in any of the related actions. The Court so-ordered the parties’ stipulation to that effect on January 22, 2020. On November 4, 2022, and again on February 2, 2023, the parties agreed to extend the stay and will provide an update to the Court on May 3, 2023. In September 2019, a putative class action on behalf of a consumer and three orthodontists was brought against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Ciccio, et al. v. SmileDirectClub, LLC, et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-00845 (M.D. Tenn.). The Plaintiffs assert claims for breach of warranty, false advertising under the Lanham Act, common law fraud, and various state consumer protection statutes relating to the Company’s advertising. Following a proactive voluntary dismissal by the majority of consumer plaintiffs, one consumer has since sought to rejoin the Middle District of Tennessee litigation or, in the alternative, to intervene, which the Court granted. That ruling has been appealed, and the Court stayed the consumer claims pending the appeal. On June 25, 2021, the appellate court reversed the district court and remanded with instructions to order the intervening plaintiff to mandatory binding arbitration. On September 20, 2022, the administrative AAA arbitrator confirmed that the consumer claims are subject to binding arbitration on an individual basis. All remaining consumer claims remain stayed. On October 13, 2021, the Court entered an Amended Scheduling Order, effectively staying merits discovery on the provider plaintiff claims, and setting deadlines of March 30, 2022, to complete class certification fact discovery and September 2, 2022, to complete briefing on motions regarding class certification. Class certification fact discovery was substantially completed on March 30, 2022 with the briefing on class certification currently stayed pending further discovery being sought by the Company. The Company denies any alleged wrongdoing and intends to defend against this action vigorously. Some state dental boards have established new rules or interpreted existing rules in a manner that limits or restricts the Company’s ability to conduct its business as currently conducted in other states or have engaged in conduct so as to otherwise interfere with the Company’s ability to conduct its business. We have filed actions in federal court in Alabama, Georgia, and California against the state dental boards in those states, alleging violations by the dental boards of various laws, including the Sherman Act and the Commerce Clause. While a national orthodontic association has filed Amicus Briefs in support of the dental boards in both the Georgia and Alabama litigations and has filed a motion to do the same in California (which motion was denied), the FTC and DOJ filed joint Amicus Briefs in support of the Company in both the Alabama and Georgia matters. Both the Alabama and Georgia matters were then sent to the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals as a result of the dental boards in both states appealing the lower court’s decisions. Oral argument before the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals occurred in the Georgia matter on May 20, 2020, and in the Alabama matter on July 8, 2020. The FTC and DOJ participated in oral arguments in support of the Company. The DOJ’s antitrust chief presented in the Alabama matter. On August 11, 2020, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the Georgia district court’s denial of the board members’ motion to dismiss. On December 8, 2020, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals voted to have a rehearing en banc. The FTC and DOJ filed an amicus and participated in oral argument that was held on February 23, 2021. On July 20, 2021, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in the Company’s favor, finding that the Georgia Dental Board did not have an interlocutory right of appeal and therefore denied the Georgia Board’s appeal. On July 29, 2021, the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals also denied the Alabama Dental Board’s appeal. Both cases were remanded to the respective District Courts to proceed accordingly into the discovery phase. The FTC also filed its own complaint against the Alabama Board for violating the Sherman Act, which complaint resulted in the Alabama Dental Board entering into a Consent Order in September 2021 and settling the litigation with the Company in December 2021. On November 22, 2021, the Georgia Board filed a motion to dismiss in the Northern District of Georgia. On January 6, 2022, a hearing was held on the motion to dismiss. On July 15, 2022, the Court granted the Georgia Board’s motion to dismiss without prejudice, allowing the Company to reassert its claims. Briefing on the Company’s motion for leave to file its amended Complaint is now complete and oral arguments occurred on November 15, 2022. The California matter was amended, and an order of dismissal was entered on July 7, 2020. The Company filed notice of appeal on July 17, 2020, and the FTC and DOJ filed a joint Amicus Brief in support of the Company. Oral argument was held on July 26, 2021, with the FTC and DOJ arguing in support of the Company at oral argument as well. On March 17, 2022 the 9th Circuit issued its ruling reversing in part and affirming in part the District Court’s decision. On April 21, 2022, the 9th Circuit issued an amended opinion adding a footnote indicating that no petitions for panel rehearing or rehearing en banc will be entertained. The parties are currently engaged in discovery, including preparing for mediation, engaging in discovery motions practice, producing and reviewing documents responsive to requests for production, preparing for depositions, and preparing for expert discovery. The parties will attend mediation on March 8, 2023. Fact discovery is scheduled to close on June 15, 2023. On July 12, 2021, the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (“ACCC”) filed an Originating Application against SmileDirectClub, LLC and the Company’s Australian affiliate SmileDirectClub Aus Pty Ltd. The Originating Application alleges certain misstatements by the Company in connection with the availability of consumers having the ability to have private health care coverage cover a portion of their costs when seeking treatment through the Company’s telehealth platform. The Company and the ACCC have settled the matter with the terms of such settlement having been approved by the Court. Pursuant to such approved settlement, the Company will pay a set fine and costs to the ACCC and has implemented a redress program for potentially impacted customers so as to fully resolve the matter. On August 27, 2020, Align Technology, Inc. filed an arbitration demand against SDC alleging that SDC breached the Amended and Restated Supply Agreement between the parties and SDC, subsequently, filed counterclaims against Align alleging breaches by Align under the Agreement. The arbitration is proceeding in two phases to address the parties’ claims. The hearing on the initial phase addressing Align’s claims and one of SDC’s counterclaims occurred in July 2022 and the second phase of the arbitration addressing the balance of SDC’s counter claims hearing occurred in February 2023. Closing briefing schedules and oral argument have not yet been scheduled on the matter. On October 27, 2022, the arbitrator issued an interim award against SDC on certain of Align’s claims, specifically stating that it was not final award, and that final award would be issued after the second phase of the arbitration and subsequent proceedings on attorneys’ fees, interest, and costs. A final award against SDC in this arbitration could be material to our financial statements. The Company denies the allegations and intends to vigorously defend its position in this arbitration. On December 5, 2022, the District of Columbia filed a complaint against the Company in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia alleging certain violations of the District of Columbia Consumer Protection Procedures Act. The Company has filed a Motion to Dismiss and briefing on the Motion to Dismiss has been concluded. The Court has not ruled whether oral argument will be heard on this pending motion and no ruling date has been set. The Company denies the allegations and intends to vigorously defend its position in this litigation. On January 3, 2023, Align Technology, Inc. filed a complaint against the Company and certain of its officers and founders in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California purporting to set forth claims for alleged false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1125(A); Racketeer & Corrupt Organizations Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1964(c); California Business & Prof. Code, §§ 17200, 17500, et seq.; and Arizona Anti-Racketeering Statute, A.R.S. § 13-2314. The Company denies the allegations and intends to vigorously defend its position in this litigation. Tax Receivable Agreement As described in Note 9, the Company is a party to the Tax Receivable Agreement pursuant to which SDC Inc. is contractually committed to pay the Continuing LLC Members 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that SDC Inc. actually realizes, or in some cases is deemed to realize, as a result of certain transactions. The Company is not obligated to make any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”) until the tax benefits associated with the transactions that gave rise to the payments are realized. TRA Payments are contingent upon, among other things, (i) generation of future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement and (ii) future changes in tax laws. If the Company does not generate sufficient taxable income in the aggregate over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the tax benefits, then it will not be required to make the related TRA Payments. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized no liabilities relating to its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, after concluding that it was not probable that the Company would have sufficient future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the related tax benefits. There were no transactions subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement for which the Company recognized the related liability, as the Company concluded that it would not have sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of the related tax benefits. Other Tax Matters We operate in numerous jurisdictions in which taxing authorities may challenge our position with respect to income and non-income-based taxes. We routinely receive inquiries and may also from time to time receive challenges or assessments from these taxing authorities. With respect to non-income-based taxes, we recognize liabilities when we believe it is probable that amounts will be owed to the taxing authorities and such amounts are estimable. For example, in most countries we charge and remit Value Added Tax (“VAT”) when procuring goods and services, or providing services, within the normal course of business. VAT receivables are established in jurisdictions where input VAT exceeds output VAT and are recoverable through the filing of refund claims. These receivables have inherent audit and collection risks unique to the specific jurisdictions that evaluate our refund claims. We have received a challenge from a non-U.S. taxing authority for VAT related to certain sales made and services provided by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company believes these transactions are exempt from VAT and has filed legal actions challenging the taxing authority’s application of VAT to them. Discussions on these matters are ongoing. The Company believes its interpretation of these VAT rules is appropriate, and that it will be successful in its challenge against the taxing authority’s assessments. Accordingly, the Company does not believe it is probable that it will incur a loss related to these matters. However, the interpretation and application of these VAT rules is an unsettled issue, and the resolution of tax and regulatory matters is unpredictable. If it is determined in these proceedings that VAT applies to some or all of these various transactions, the Company could incur a charge that ranges between zero and $29,900 for these matters, including any interest and penalties associated with these matters and the amount, if any, of VAT the Company might subsequently recover related to its input costs. |
Segment Reporting
Segment Reporting | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
Segment Reporting | Segment ReportingThe Company provides aligner products. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) views the operations and manages the business primarily on a consolidated basis, however, the CODM regularly evaluates, monitors, and makes operational decisions based on the results of operations segmented between North America (defined as the U.S. and Canada) and Rest of World. For the year ended December 31, 2022, approximately 83.9% of the Company’s revenues were generated by sales within North America, and substantially all of its net property, plant and equipment was within North America. Below are the tabular results of operations summarized at the revenue and operating loss level for North America and the Rest of World for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Year Ended December 31, 2022 North America Rest of World Total Revenue $ 395,076 $ 75,667 $ 470,743 Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) $ (211,100) $ (67,395) $ (278,495) Reconciliation of net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) to Adjusted EBITDA Depreciation and amortization $ 62,786 $ 11,609 $ 74,395 Interest expense 17,887 74 17,961 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets 93 1,196 1,289 Restructuring and other related costs 15,041 4,627 19,668 Equity-based compensation 23,026 3,582 26,608 Other non-operating general and administrative losses (gains) (458) 4,419 3,961 Adjusted EBITDA $ (92,725) $ (41,888) $ (134,613) Year Ended December 31, 2021 North America Rest of World Total Revenue $ 525,366 $ 112,245 $ 637,611 Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) $ (236,177) $ (98,205) $ (334,382) Reconciliation of net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) to Adjusted EBITDA Depreciation and amortization $ 57,734 $ 12,379 $ 70,113 Interest expense 22,920 234 23,154 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets 1,301 180 1,481 Restructuring and other related costs 1,323 2,475 3,798 Loss on extinguishment of debt 47,585 46 47,631 Equity-based compensation 37,429 7,199 44,628 Other non-operating general and administrative losses 2,812 7,561 10,373 Adjusted EBITDA $ (65,073) $ (68,131) $ (133,204) |
Supplemental Cash Flow
Supplemental Cash Flow | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract] | |
Supplemental Cash Flow | Supplemental Cash Flow The supplemental cash flow information comprised of the following for the years ended December 31: 2022 2021 2020 Interest paid $ 13,617 $ 18,035 $ 30,900 Income taxes paid $ 1,224 $ — $ — Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable $ 4,955 $ 13,094 $ 11,809 |
Organization, Consolidation and
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation | Basis of Presentation and ConsolidationThe preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SDC Inc., which consolidates SDC Financial and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as well as accounts of contractually affiliated professional corporations (“PCs”) managed by the Company. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of variable interest entities in which the Company is the primary beneficiary under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (‘‘ASC”) Topic 810, ‘ ‘ Consolidation. ” At December 31, 2022, the variable interest entities include 58 dentist owned PCs, and at December 31, 2021 the variable interest entities included 53 dentist owned PCs. The Company is a dental service organization and does not engage in the practice of dentistry. All clinical services are provided by dentists and orthodontists who are engaged as independent contractors or otherwise engaged by the dentist-owned PCs. The Company contracts with the PCs and dentists and orthodontists through a suite of agreements, including but not limited to, management services agreements, supply agreements, and licensing agreements, pursuant to which the Company provides the administrative, non-clinical management services to the PCs and independent contractors. The Company has the contractual right to manage the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest entities’ economic performance through these agreements without engaging in the corporate practice of dentistry. Additionally, the Company would absorb substantially all of the expected losses of these |
Summary of Significant Accoun_2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation | Basis of Presentation and ConsolidationThe preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SDC Inc., which consolidates SDC Financial and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as well as accounts of contractually affiliated professional corporations (“PCs”) managed by the Company. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of variable interest entities in which the Company is the primary beneficiary under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (‘‘ASC”) Topic 810, ‘ ‘ Consolidation. ” At December 31, 2022, the variable interest entities include 58 dentist owned PCs, and at December 31, 2021 the variable interest entities included 53 dentist owned PCs. The Company is a dental service organization and does not engage in the practice of dentistry. All clinical services are provided by dentists and orthodontists who are engaged as independent contractors or otherwise engaged by the dentist-owned PCs. The Company contracts with the PCs and dentists and orthodontists through a suite of agreements, including but not limited to, management services agreements, supply agreements, and licensing agreements, pursuant to which the Company provides the administrative, non-clinical management services to the PCs and independent contractors. The Company has the contractual right to manage the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest entities’ economic performance through these agreements without engaging in the corporate practice of dentistry. Additionally, the Company would absorb substantially all of the expected losses of these |
Management Use of Estimates | Management Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to the fair values of financial instruments, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, revenue recognition, equity-based compensation, long-lived assets, and contingent liabilities, among others. In connection with its 2020 credit facility with HPS Investment Partners, the Company issued warrants to certain affiliates of HPS Investment Partners. The warrants were recorded at fair value at the time of issuance within equity on the consolidated balance sheet using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (see Note 10). Each of these estimates varies in regard to the level of judgment involved and its potential impact on the Company’s financial results. Estimates are considered critical either when a different estimate could have reasonably been used, or where changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, and such use or change would materially impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from sales of aligners, impression kits, whitening gel, and retainers, and interest earned through its SmilePay financing program. Revenue is recorded for all customers based on the amount that is expected to be collected, which considers implicit price concessions, discounts, and cancellations and refunds from customer returns. The Company identifies a performance obligation as distinct if both of the following criteria are met: the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Determining the standalone selling price (“SSP”) and allocation of consideration from a contract to the individual performance obligations, and the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, is the result of significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as historical sales, usage rates (the number of times a customer is expected to order additional aligners), costs, and expected margin, which may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation, in making these estimates. Further, the Company’s process for estimating usage rates requires judgment and evaluation of inputs, including historical data and forecasted usages. Changes in the allocation of the SSP between performance obligations will not affect the amount of total revenues recognized for a particular contract. The Company uses the expected cost plus a margin approach to determine the SSP for performance obligations, and discounts are allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative SSP. However, any material changes in the allocation of the SSP could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which may have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and result of operations as the contract consideration is allocated to each performance obligation, delivered or undelivered, at the inception of the contract based on the SSP of each distinct performance obligation. The Company estimates the amount expected to be collected based upon management’s assessment of historical write-offs, expected net collections including implicit price concessions, and cancellations and refunds from customer returns, business and economic conditions, and other collection indicators. Management relies on the results of detailed reviews of historical write-offs, cancellations, returns, and collections as a primary source of information in estimating the amount of contract consideration expected to be collected. Uncollectible receivables are written-off in the period management believes it has exhausted its ability to collect payment from the customer. The Company believes its analysis provides reasonable estimates of its revenues and valuations of its accounts receivable. A description of the revenue recognition for each product sold by the Company is detailed below. Aligners and Impression Kits: The Company enters into contracts with customers for aligner sales that involve multiple future performance obligations. The Company determined that aligner sales comprise the following distinct performance obligations: initial aligners, touch-up aligners, and retainers for international sales only which can occur at any time throughout the treatment plan (which is typically between five months to ten months) upon the direction of and prescription from the treating dentist or orthodontist. The Company allocates revenues for each performance obligation based on its SSP and recognizes the revenues as control of the performance obligation is transferred upon shipment of the aligners. The Company recognizes aligner revenue on amounts expected to be collected during the course of the treatment plan. The Company bills its customers either upfront for the full cost of aligners or monthly through its SmilePay financing program, which involves a down payment and a fixed amount per month for up to 26 months. The Company’s accounts receivable related to the SmilePay financing program are reported at the amount expected to be collected on the consolidated balance sheets, which considers implicit price concessions. Financing revenue from its accounts receivable is recognized based on the contractual market interest rate with the customer, net of implicit price concessions. There are no fees or origination costs included in accounts receivable. The Company sells doctor-prescribed impression kits to its customers as an alternative to an in-person visit at one of its SmileShops, popup locations, or Partner Network locations, comprised of affiliated dentist and orthodontist offices, where the customer receives a free oral digital imaging of their teeth. The Company combines the sales of its impression kits with aligner sales and recognizes the revenues as control of the performance obligation is transferred upon shipment of the aligners. The Company estimates the amount of impression kit sales that do not result in an aligner therapy treatment plan and recognizes such revenue when aligner conversion becomes remote. Retainers and Other Products: The Company sells retainers and other products (such as whitening gel and tooth brushes) to customers, which can be purchased on the Company’s website or certain retail outlets. The sales of these products are independent and separate from the customer’s decision to purchase aligner therapy for domestic sales. The Company determined that the transfer of control for these performance obligations occurs as the title of such products passes to the customer or retail partner. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling charges are recorded in cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of operations upon shipment. The Company incurred $18,182, $22,892 and $23,036 in outsourced shipping expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues includes the total cost of products produced and sold. Such costs include direct materials, direct labor, overhead costs (occupancy costs, indirect labor, and depreciation), fees retained by doctors, freight and duty expenses associated with moving materials from vendors to the Company’s facilities and from its facilities to the customers, and adjustments for shrinkage (physical inventory losses), lower of cost or net realizable value, slow moving product and excess inventory quantities. |
Allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments | Allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments: The Company records a provision to maintain an allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments that result from the failure or inability of its members or other partners to make required payments deemed collectible when the product was delivered, or customer returns resulting in cancellations or refunds. When determining the allowances for member receivables, the Company considers the probability of recoverability of accounts receivable based on past experience, taking into account current collection trends and general economic factors. The Company also considers future economic trends in its estimation of expected credit losses over the lifetime of the asset. Credit risks are assessed based on historical write-offs, cancellations, and adjustments, net of recoveries, as well as an |
Marketing and Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | Marketing and Selling ExpensesMarketing and selling expenses include direct online and offline marketing and advertising costs, costs associated with intraoral imaging services, selling labor, and occupancy costs of SmileShop locations. All marketing and selling expenses, including advertising, are expensed as incurred. General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative expenses include payroll and benefit costs for corporate team members, equity-based compensation expenses, occupancy costs of corporate facilities, bank charges and costs associated with credit and debit card interchange fees, outside service fees, and other administrative costs, such as computer maintenance, supplies, travel, and lodging. |
Depreciation and Amortization | Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation includes expenses related to the Company’s property, plant and equipment, including finance leases. Amortization includes expenses related to definite-lived intangible assets and capitalized software. Depreciation and amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the related assets, ranging from three |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company measures the fair value of financial instruments as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 — Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
Certain Risks and Uncertainties | Certain Risks and Uncertainties The Company’s operating results depend to a significant extent on the ability to market and develop its products. The life cycles of the Company’s products are difficult to estimate due, in part, to the effect of future product enhancements and competition. The inability to successfully develop and market the Company’s products as a result of competition or other factors would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations. The Company provides credit to customers in the normal course of business. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses and such losses have been within management’s expectations. No individual customer accounted for 1% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 or 2021, or net revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Some of the Company’s products are considered medical devices and are subject to extensive regulation in the U.S. and internationally. The regulations to which the Company is subject are complex. Regulatory changes could result in restrictions on the Company’s ability to carry on or expand its operations, higher than anticipated costs or lower than anticipated sales. The failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements may have a material adverse impact on the Company. The Company’s reliance on international operations exposes it to related risks and uncertainties, including difficulties in staffing and managing international operations, such as hiring and retaining qualified personnel; political, social and economic instability; interruptions and limitations in telecommunication services; product and material transportation delays or disruption; trade restrictions and changes in tariffs; import and export license requirements and restrictions; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and potential adverse tax consequences. If any of these risks materialize, operating results may be harmed. The Company purchases certain inventory from sole suppliers, and the inability of any supplier or manufacturer to fulfill the supply requirements could materially and adversely impact its future operating results. We obtain and process a large amount of sensitive data. Our systems and networks may be subject to cybersecurity breaches and other disruptions that could compromise our information. On May 3, 2021, the Company announced that it experienced a systems outage that was caused by a cybersecurity incident on April 14, 2021 (the “Incident”). During 2022, we received $8.0 million in insurance proceeds as final settlement related to reimbursement of expenses and business interruption as result of the Incident, which is included in Other expense (income) on the consolidated statement of operations. |
Cash | Cash Cash consists of all highly liquid investments with original maturities of less than three months. Cash is held in various financial institutions in the U.S. and internationally. |
Restricted cash | Restricted cash Restricted cash primarily consists of cash restricted in connection with the 2022 HPS Credit Facility for the Company’s capital structure. Restricted cash is included under non-current assets for debt that will expire in more than one year from the balance sheet date. |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out method of inventory accounting. Inventory consists of raw materials for producing impression kits and aligners and finished goods. Inventory is net of shrinkage and obsolescence. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net | Property, Plant and Equipment, Net Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and impairment charges. Routine maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. At the time property, plant and equipment are retired from service, the cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the respective accounts and the related gains or losses are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Leases | Leases The Company categorizes leases at their inception as either operating or finance leases. Lease agreements cover certain retail locations, office space, warehouse, manufacturing and distribution space and equipment. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, other current liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, net, current portion of long-term debt, and long-term debt. Leased assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses a secured incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for determining the present value of lease payments when the rate implicit in the contract is not readily determinable. Leases that have a term of twelve months or less upon commencement date are considered short-term in nature. Accordingly, short-term leases are not included on the consolidated balance sheets and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which commences on the date we have the right to control the property. |
Internally Developed Software Costs | Internally Developed Software CostsThe Company generally provides services to its customers using software developed for internal use. The costs that are incurred to develop such software are expensed as incurred during the preliminary project stage. Once certain criteria have been met, direct costs incurred in developing or obtaining computer software are capitalized. Training and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. |
Impairment | ImpairmentThe Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. An asset or asset group is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future undiscounted net cash flows that the asset or asset group is expected to generate. Factors the Company considers important which could trigger an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, significant loss of customers and changes in the competitive environment. If an asset or asset group is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset or asset group exceeds its fair market value. The Company’s estimates of future cash flows attributable to long-lived assets require significant judgment based on its historical and anticipated results and are subject to many assumptions. The estimation of fair value utilizing a discounted cash flow approach includes numerous uncertainties which require significant judgment when making assumptions of expected growth rates and the selection of discount rates, as well as assumptions regarding general economic and business conditions, and the structure that would yield the highest economic value, among other factors. |
Debt Issuance Costs | Debt Issuance Costs The Company records debt issuance costs related to its term debt as direct deductions from the carrying amount of the debt. The costs are amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt using the effective interest method. |
Income Taxes And Tax Receivable Agreement | Income Taxes SDC Inc. is the managing member of SDC Financial and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of SDC Financial in the consolidated financial statements. SDC Financial and its subsidiaries are limited liability companies and have elected to be taxed as partnerships for income tax purposes except for a subsidiary, SDC Holding, LLC (‘‘SDC Holding”) and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries, which are taxed as corporations. As such, SDC Financial does not pay any federal income taxes, as any income or loss is included in the tax returns of the individual members. SDC Financial does pay state income tax in certain jurisdictions, and the Company’s income tax provision in the consolidated financial statements reflects the income taxes for those states. Additionally, certain wholly-owned entities taxed as corporations are subject to federal, state, and foreign income taxes, in the jurisdictions in which they operate, and accruals for such taxes are included in the consolidated financial statements. The Company further evaluates deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction and recognizes associated benefits when positive evidence of realization exceeds negative evidence, and otherwise records valuation allowances as necessary. The Company computes the provision for income taxes using the liability method and recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using tax rates applicable to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets are expected to be realized or settled and provides a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets when it cannot conclude that it is more likely than not that some or all deferred tax assets will be realized. In addition, the Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it expects that its tax positions are more likely than not that they will be sustained, based on the technical merits of the positions, on examination by the jurisdictional tax authority. The Company recognizes any accrued interest and penalties to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense and income tax expense, respectively. Tax Receivable Agreement In connection with the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO, the Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with the Continuing LLC Members, pursuant to which SDC Inc. agreed to pay the Continuing LLC Members 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax or franchise tax that SDC Inc. actually realizes as a result of (a) the increases in tax basis attributable to exchanges by Continuing LLC Members and (b) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by SDC Inc. as a result of the Tax Receivable Agreement. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized no liabilities relating to its obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, after concluding that it was not probable that the Company would have sufficient future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the related tax benefits. There were no transactions subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement for which the Company recognized the related liability, as the Company concluded that it would not have sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of the related tax benefits. |
Summary of Significant Accoun_3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Revenue by Product | The following table summarizes revenue recognized for each product sold by the Company: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Aligner revenue, net $ 360,827 $ 517,552 $ 543,136 Financing revenue, net 33,778 42,919 49,407 Retainers and other products revenue 76,138 77,140 64,237 Total revenue $ 470,743 $ 637,611 $ 656,780 Implicit price concessions, cancellations, and refunds included in total revenue $ 94,648 $ 129,307 $ 138,841 |
Schedule of Allowance for Credit Loss and Revenue Adjustments | Activity in the allowance for credit losses and other revenue adjustments for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows: Allowance for Credit Losses Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 49,309 Current period provision for expected credit losses and other revenue adjustments 94,648 Write-offs and other adjustments charged against the allowance, net of recoveries (96,197) Refunds paid (10,974) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 36,786 |
Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization | Depreciation and amortization by financial statement line item were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Cost of revenues $ 22,389 $ 27,467 $ 24,718 Marketing and selling expenses 2,785 5,001 7,079 General and administrative expenses 49,221 37,645 24,593 Total $ 74,395 $ 70,113 $ 56,390 |
Schedule Of Reconciliation Of Cash And Restricted Cash | Reconciliation of cash and restricted cash were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Cash $ 93,120 $ 224,860 Restricted cash 25,278 — Total cash and restricted cash $ 118,398 $ 224,860 |
Inventories (Tables)
Inventories (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Inventory | Inventories are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Raw materials $ 16,763 $ 14,662 Finished goods 27,624 26,141 Total inventories $ 44,387 $ 40,803 |
Prepaid and Other assets (Table
Prepaid and Other assets (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Schedule Prepaid and Other Assets | Prepaid and other assets are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Prepaid expenses $ 9,338 $ 11,496 Deposits to vendors 5,487 5,443 Other 2,005 580 Total prepaid and other current assets $ 16,830 $ 17,519 Prepaid expenses, non-current $ 1,127 $ 1,911 Deposits to vendors, non-current 727 967 Indefinite-lived intangible assets 7,971 7,155 Other intangible assets, net 2,486 2,458 Investments and other 5,659 2,989 Total other assets $ 17,970 $ 15,480 |
Lease Abandonment, Impairment_2
Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related Charges (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Restructuring Charges | The following table summarizes lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets and restructuring and other related charges for the periods presented: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets: Impairment of property, plant and equipment $ 1,289 $ 586 $ 21,628 Impairment of operating lease right of use assets — 895 3,829 $ 1,289 $ 1,481 $ 25,457 Restructuring and other related charges: Impairment of inventory $ 643 $ 219 $ 786 Short-term lease termination fees 269 205 4,687 Other expenses including personnel related costs such as severance and retention 18,756 3,374 1,561 $ 19,668 $ 3,798 $ 7,034 |
Property, plant and equipment_2
Property, plant and equipment, net (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net | Property, plant and equipment were comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Lab and SmileShop equipment $ 96,034 $ 118,320 Computer equipment and software 230,481 178,508 Leasehold improvements 33,831 36,474 Furniture and fixtures 13,800 13,321 Vehicles 6,882 8,018 Construction in progress 8,577 23,182 389,605 377,823 Less: accumulated depreciation (199,518) (150,622) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 190,087 $ 227,201 |
Leases (Tables)
Leases (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Leases [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities | The following table presents lease-related assets and liabilities: Leases Assets and Liabilities Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Assets: Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 21,141 $ 24,927 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment, net — 10,163 $ 21,141 $ 35,090 Liabilities: Operating leases Other current liabilities $ 6,336 $ 4,997 Finance leases Current portion of long-term debt — 10,997 Operating leases Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 16,082 20,352 $ 22,418 $ 36,346 Weighted average remaining term: Operating leases 4.1 years 4.8 years Finance leases — 0.8 years Weighted average discount rate: Operating leases (1) 4.99 % 4.94 % Finance leases — % 7.00 % (1) Upon adoption of the new lease standard, discount rates used for existing leases were established at January 1, 2020. |
Schedule of Lease Expense and Supplemental Cash Flow Information for Finance and Operating Leases | The following table presents certain information related to lease expense for finance and operating leases: Expense Category Statement of Operations Classification Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Finance lease expense: Amortization of leased assets Cost of revenues $ 5,599 $ 9,208 $ 9,988 Interest on lease liabilities Interest expense 413 1,265 2,062 Operating leases (3) 7,121 8,607 9,875 Short-term lease expense (3) 9,911 12,290 16,452 Variable lease expense (3) 475 728 3,249 Total lease expense $ 23,519 $ 32,098 $ 41,626 (3) Expenses are included in “Cost of revenues”, “Marketing and selling expenses”, or “General and administrative expenses” in our consolidated statements of operations, depending on the purpose of the related asset. Other Information The following table represents supplemental cash flow information: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Cash paid for amounts used in the measurement of lease liabilities: Cash used in operating activities $ 6,799 $ 8,265 Cash used in investing activities $ — $ — Cash used in financing activities $ 6,447 $ 11,055 |
Schedule of Operating Lease Liability Maturities | The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2022: Operating Leases 2023 $ 7,309 2024 5,654 2025 4,295 2026 3,794 2027 3,467 2028 and thereafter 461 Total minimum lease payments 24,980 Amount representing interest (2,562) Present value of future minimum lease payments 22,418 Less: current portion (6,336) Long-term lease liabilities $ 16,082 |
Schedule of Finance Lease Liability Maturities | The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2022: Operating Leases 2023 $ 7,309 2024 5,654 2025 4,295 2026 3,794 2027 3,467 2028 and thereafter 461 Total minimum lease payments 24,980 Amount representing interest (2,562) Present value of future minimum lease payments 22,418 Less: current portion (6,336) Long-term lease liabilities $ 16,082 |
Accrued Liabilities (Tables)
Accrued Liabilities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Accrued Liabilities | Accrued liabilities were comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 Accrued marketing and selling costs $ 16,116 $ 37,883 Accrued payroll and payroll related expenses 11,214 15,829 Accrued sales tax and related costs 7,178 8,769 Other 31,429 59,585 Total accrued liabilities $ 65,937 $ 122,066 |
Income Taxes (Tables)
Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Summary of Loss Before Income Taxes | The components of loss before income taxes were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Domestic $ (265,403) $ (320,870) $ (269,211) Foreign (13,092) (13,512) (6,166) Loss before income taxes $ (278,495) $ (334,382) $ (275,377) |
Schedule of Income Tax Provision | The income tax provision (benefit) was as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Current: Federal $ 441 $ 258 $ 1,169 State 379 359 642 Foreign (1,113) (12) 1253 Current income tax provision (benefit) $ (293) $ 605 $ 3,064 Deferred: Federal $ — $ — $ — State (485) 80 58 Foreign 136 583 — Deferred income tax provision (benefit) $ (349) $ 663 $ 58 Total income tax provision (benefit) $ (642) $ 1,268 $ 3,122 |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | The reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 U.S. federal income tax statutory rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % Income attributable to noncontrolling interest and non taxable income (13.4) % (13.0) % (13.2) % State income tax, net of federal benefit 0.1 % (0.1) % (0.1) % Losses for which no benefit has been recognized (9.7) % (12.5) % (0.4) % Foreign rate differential — % 0.2 % (0.1) % Uncertain tax position (0.1) % (0.1) % (0.5) % Change in investment in partnership 2.3 % 4.1 % (7.8) % Effective income tax rate 0.2 % (0.4) % (1.1) % |
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Deferred tax assets: Deferred revenue $ 260 $ 369 Accruals and reserves 6,976 4,411 Net operating loss carryforwards 147,676 111,413 Basis in partnership 157,867 173,092 Gross deferred tax assets 312,779 289,285 Valuation allowance (311,195) (288,506) Net deferred tax assets $ 1,584 $ 779 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization $ (1,587) $ (814) Other (435) (757) Gross deferred tax liabilities (2,022) (1,571) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (438) $ (792) |
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of year $ 2,928 $ 2,555 Increases for tax positions taken in prior years — — Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years — — Increases for tax positions taken in current year 421 438 Decreases for settlements with taxing authorities — — Decreases for lapsing of the statute of limitations (53) (65) Balance at end of year $ 3,296 $ 2,928 |
Long-Term Debt (Tables)
Long-Term Debt (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Debt and Finance Lease Obligations | The Company’s debt and finance lease obligations are comprised of the following: December 31, December 31, 2022 2021 2026 Convertible Senior Notes, net of unamortized financing costs of $13,345 and $17,527, respectively $ 734,155 $ 729,973 2022 HPS Credit Facility, net of unamortized financing costs of $2,516 115,224 — Finance lease obligations — 10,997 Total debt 849,379 740,970 Less current portion — (10,997) Total long-term debt $ 849,379 $ 729,973 |
Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt | Annual future maturities of long-term debt, excluding unamortized financing costs, are as follows at December 31, 2022: 2022 HPS Credit Facility 2026 Convertible Senior Notes Total 2023 $ — $ — $ — 2024 — — — 2025 126,388 — 126,388 2026 — 747,500 747,500 Total $ 126,388 $ 747,500 $ 873,888 |
Incentive Compensation Plans (T
Incentive Compensation Plans (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Stock Option Activity | Options activity was as follows during the year ended December 31, 2022: Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Outstanding at December 31, 2021 1,664,122 $ 22.70 7.7 $ — Granted — — — — Exercised — — — — Expired — — — — Forfeited (276,631) 23.00 — — Outstanding at December 31, 2022 1,387,491 $ 22.91 6.6 $ — Exercisable at December 31, 2022 1,387,491 $ 22.91 6.6 $ — |
Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity | A summary of activity related to these RSUs is as follows: RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value RSUs outstanding, December 31, 2021 4,837,161 $ 15.53 Granted 29,333,175 2.15 Vested (1,697,096) 12.54 Forfeited (5,341,409) 4.32 RSUs outstanding, December 31, 2022 27,131,831 $ 2.63 |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tabl
Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Earnings (Loss) Per Share, Basic and Diluted | Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Numerator: Net loss $ (277,853) $ (335,650) $ (278,499) Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (191,449) (233,208) (200,133) Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - basic (86,404) (102,442) (78,366) Add: Reallocation of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from the assumed exchange of LLC Units for Class A common stock (191,449) (233,208) (200,133) Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - diluted $ (277,853) $ (335,650) $ (278,499) Denominator: Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic 121,312,580 118,360,801 109,854,360 Add: Dilutive effects as shown separately below LLC Units that are exchangeable for Class A common stock 268,898,405 269,415,089 275,346,082 Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted 390,210,985 387,775,890 385,200,442 Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - basic $ (0.71) $ (0.87) $ (0.71) Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted $ (0.71) $ (0.87) $ (0.72) |
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share | Due to their anti-dilutive effect, the following securities have been excluded from diluted net earnings (loss) per share in the periods presented: Years Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 Options 1,387,491 1,664,122 1,679,339 Restricted Stock Units 27,131,831 4,837,161 3,819,882 Warrants 3,889,575 3,889,575 3,889,575 Shares issuable under the Notes (if converted method) (1) 41,389,822 41,389,822 — (1) In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company entered into Capped Call Transactions, which were not included for purposes of calculating the number of diluted shares outstanding, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The Capped Call Transactions are expected to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock (or, in the event a conversion of the Notes is settled in cash, to reduce its cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of conversion of the Notes the Company’s common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the Notes. |
Segment Reporting (Tables)
Segment Reporting (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
Schedule Of Reconciliation To Income Loss From Continuing Operations | Below are the tabular results of operations summarized at the revenue and operating loss level for North America and the Rest of World for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Year Ended December 31, 2022 North America Rest of World Total Revenue $ 395,076 $ 75,667 $ 470,743 Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) $ (211,100) $ (67,395) $ (278,495) Reconciliation of net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) to Adjusted EBITDA Depreciation and amortization $ 62,786 $ 11,609 $ 74,395 Interest expense 17,887 74 17,961 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets 93 1,196 1,289 Restructuring and other related costs 15,041 4,627 19,668 Equity-based compensation 23,026 3,582 26,608 Other non-operating general and administrative losses (gains) (458) 4,419 3,961 Adjusted EBITDA $ (92,725) $ (41,888) $ (134,613) Year Ended December 31, 2021 North America Rest of World Total Revenue $ 525,366 $ 112,245 $ 637,611 Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) $ (236,177) $ (98,205) $ (334,382) Reconciliation of net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) to Adjusted EBITDA Depreciation and amortization $ 57,734 $ 12,379 $ 70,113 Interest expense 22,920 234 23,154 Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets 1,301 180 1,481 Restructuring and other related costs 1,323 2,475 3,798 Loss on extinguishment of debt 47,585 46 47,631 Equity-based compensation 37,429 7,199 44,628 Other non-operating general and administrative losses 2,812 7,561 10,373 Adjusted EBITDA $ (65,073) $ (68,131) $ (133,204) |
Supplemental Cash Flow (Tables)
Supplemental Cash Flow (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract] | |
Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information | The supplemental cash flow information comprised of the following for the years ended December 31: 2022 2021 2020 Interest paid $ 13,617 $ 18,035 $ 30,900 Income taxes paid $ 1,224 $ — $ — Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable $ 4,955 $ 13,094 $ 11,809 |
Organization and Basis of Pre_2
Organization and Basis of Presentation - Initial Public Offering (Details) - IPO $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | Sep. 16, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares |
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | |
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares | 58,537,000 |
Price per share of stock sold (USD per share) | $ / shares | $ 23 |
Consideration received on sale of stock | $ | $ 1,286 |
Organization and Basis of Pre_3
Organization and Basis of Presentation - Reorganization Transactions (Details) | Sep. 17, 2019 | Sep. 16, 2019 |
Affiliated Entity | Tax Receivable Agreement | ||
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items] | ||
Related party transaction rate | 85% | |
SDC Financial, LLC | ||
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items] | ||
Ownership percentage | 26.90% | |
SDC Financial, LLC | Continuing LLC Members | ||
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items] | ||
Ownership percentage | 73.10% |
Organization and Basis of Pre_4
Organization and Basis of Presentation - Basis of Presentation and Consolidation (Details) - variable_interest_entity | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | ||
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | ||
Variable interest entity, number of entities | 58 | 53 |
Organization and Basis of Pre_5
Organization and Basis of Presentation - COVID-19 Pandemic and Restructuring of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Suspension of Operations in Certain Countries | ||
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | ||
Restructuring costs and asset impairment charges | $ 20,957 | |
COVID-19 Pandemic | ||
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | ||
Restructuring costs and asset impairment charges | $ 20,957 | $ 5,279 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Minimum | |
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |
Treatment plan period | 5 months |
Maximum | |
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |
Treatment plan period | 10 months |
Customer payment period | 26 months |
Summary of Significant Accoun_5
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Revenue by Product Including Price Concessions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue recognized | $ 470,743 | $ 637,611 | $ 656,780 |
Implicit price concessions, cancellations, and refunds included in total revenue | 94,648 | 129,307 | 138,841 |
Aligner revenue, net | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue recognized | 360,827 | 517,552 | 543,136 |
Financing revenue, net | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue recognized | 33,778 | 42,919 | 49,407 |
Retainers and other products revenue | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Revenue recognized | $ 76,138 | $ 77,140 | $ 64,237 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_6
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Total revenues | $ 470,743 | $ 637,611 | $ 656,780 |
Previously deferred revenue recognized | 14,949 | 22,550 | |
Aligner revenue, net | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Total revenues | $ 360,827 | $ 517,552 | 543,136 |
Previously deferred revenue recognized | $ 19,750 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_7
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Allowance for Credit Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward] | ||
Beginning balance | $ 49,309 | |
Current period provision for expected credit losses and other revenue adjustments | 94,648 | |
Write-offs and other adjustments charged against the allowance, net of recoveries | (96,197) | |
Refunds paid | (10,974) | |
Ending balance | 36,786 | |
Implicit price concessions and cancellation and adjustment reserves included in net receivables | 32,562 | $ 43,097 |
Customer refund liability, current | $ 4,224 | $ 6,212 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_8
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Shipping and Handling Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Shipping and Handling | |||
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items] | |||
Cost of revenues | $ 18,182 | $ 22,892 | $ 23,036 |
Summary of Significant Accoun_9
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Marketing and Selling Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||
Marketing and selling expenses | $ 290,231 | $ 388,450 | $ 322,919 |
Summary of Significant Accou_10
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Depreciation and Amortization, Income Statement Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | $ 74,395 | $ 70,113 | $ 56,390 |
Cost of revenues | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 22,389 | 27,467 | 24,718 |
Marketing and selling expenses | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 2,785 | 5,001 | 7,079 |
General and administrative expenses | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | $ 49,221 | $ 37,645 | $ 24,593 |
Minimum | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization and depreciation, useful life | 3 years | ||
Maximum | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization and depreciation, useful life | 10 years |
Summary of Significant Accou_11
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule Of Reconciliation Of Cash And Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||
Cash | $ 93,120 | $ 224,860 | ||
Restricted cash | 25,278 | 0 | ||
Total cash and restricted cash | $ 118,398 | $ 224,860 | $ 316,724 | $ 318,458 |
Summary of Significant Accou_12
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||
Long-term debt | $ 873,888 | $ 747,500 |
Debt facilities borrowings | 77,553 | |
Carrying value | $ 734,155 |
Summary of Significant Accou_13
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Certain Risks and Uncertainties (Details) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Insurance proceeds as final settlement | $ 8 |
Summary of Significant Accou_14
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Internally Developed Software Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Capitalized internally developed software costs | $ 20,264 | $ 58,558 | $ 21,509 |
Amortization of internally developed software costs | $ 27,791 | $ 17,973 | $ 7,978 |
Capitalized Computer Software minimum | Minimum | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization period | 3 years | ||
Capitalized Computer Software minimum | Maximum | |||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
Amortization period | 5 years |
Summary of Significant Accou_15
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Tax Receivable Agreement (Details) | Sep. 16, 2019 |
Affiliated Entity | Tax Receivable Agreement | |
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |
Related party transaction rate | 85% |
Inventories - Schedule of Inven
Inventories - Schedule of Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Raw materials | $ 16,763 | $ 14,662 |
Finished goods | 27,624 | 26,141 |
Total inventories | $ 44,387 | $ 40,803 |
Prepaid and Other assets - Summ
Prepaid and Other assets - Summary of Prepaid and Other Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Prepaid expenses | $ 9,338 | $ 11,496 |
Deposits to vendors | 5,487 | 5,443 |
Other | 2,005 | 580 |
Total prepaid and other current assets | 16,830 | 17,519 |
Prepaid expenses, non-current | 1,127 | 1,911 |
Deposits to vendors, non-current | 727 | 967 |
Indefinite-lived intangible assets | 7,971 | 7,155 |
Other intangible assets, net | 2,486 | 2,458 |
Investments and other | 5,659 | 2,989 |
Total other assets | $ 17,970 | $ 15,480 |
Prepaid and Other assets - Narr
Prepaid and Other assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Lease Abandonment, Impairment_3
Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related Charges - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | ||
Incentive retention payments, vesting period | 12 months | |
Restructuring reserve | $ 221 | |
Prepaid expenses | 9,338 | $ 11,496 |
Restructuring and other related charges: | ||
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | ||
Prepaid expenses | 1,368 | |
COVID-19 Pandemic | ||
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | ||
Restructuring costs and asset impairment charges | $ 20,957 | $ 5,279 |
Lease Abandonment, Impairment_4
Lease Abandonment, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Restructuring and Other Related Charges - Schedule of Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets: | |||
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets, total | $ 1,289 | $ 1,481 | $ 25,457 |
Restructuring and other related charges: | |||
Restructuring and other related costs | 19,668 | 3,798 | 7,034 |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets: | |||
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets: | |||
Impairment of property, plant and equipment | 1,289 | 586 | 21,628 |
Impairment of operating lease right of use assets | 0 | 895 | 3,829 |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets, total | 1,289 | 1,481 | 25,457 |
Restructuring and other related charges: | |||
Restructuring and other related charges: | |||
Impairment of inventory | 643 | 219 | 786 |
Short-term lease termination fees | 269 | 205 | 4,687 |
Other expenses including personnel related costs such as severance and retention | 18,756 | 3,374 | 1,561 |
Restructuring and other related costs | $ 19,668 | $ 3,798 | $ 7,034 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_3
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | $ 389,605 | $ 377,823 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (199,518) | (150,622) |
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, net | 190,087 | 227,201 |
Lab and SmileShop equipment | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | 96,034 | 118,320 |
Computer equipment and software | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | 230,481 | 178,508 |
Leasehold improvements | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | 33,831 | 36,474 |
Furniture and fixtures | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | 13,800 | 13,321 |
Vehicles | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | 6,882 | 8,018 |
Construction in progress | ||
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Property, plant, and equipment and finance lease right-of-use asset, before accumulated depreciation and amortization | $ 8,577 | $ 23,182 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_4
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | ||
Finance lease ROU, before accumulated amortization | $ 0 | $ 10,163 |
Finance lease ROU, accumulated amortization | $ 0 | $ 18,013 |
Leases - ROU Assets and Lease L
Leases - ROU Assets and Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Assets: | ||
Operating leases | $ 21,141 | $ 24,927 |
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Property, plant and equipment, net | Property, plant and equipment, net |
Finance leases | $ 0 | $ 10,163 |
Total leased assets | $ 21,141 | $ 35,090 |
Liabilities: | ||
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Other current liabilities | Other current liabilities |
Operating lease, liability, current | $ 6,336 | $ 4,997 |
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Current portion of long-term debt | Current portion of long-term debt |
Finance lease, liability, current | $ 0 | $ 10,997 |
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent | 16,082 | 20,352 |
Lease liability | $ 22,418 | $ 36,346 |
Weighted average remaining term: | ||
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term | 4 years 1 month 6 days | 4 years 9 months 18 days |
Finance lease, weighted average remaining lease term | 0 years | 9 months 18 days |
Weighted average discount rate: | ||
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent | 4.99% | 4.94% |
Finance lease, weighted average discount rate, percent | 0% | 7% |
Leases - Components of Lease Co
Leases - Components of Lease Cost and Other Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Finance lease expense: | |||
Amortization of leased assets | $ 5,599 | $ 9,208 | $ 9,988 |
Interest on lease liabilities | 413 | 1,265 | 2,062 |
Operating leases | 7,121 | 8,607 | 9,875 |
Short-term lease expense | 9,911 | 12,290 | 16,452 |
Variable lease expense | 475 | 728 | 3,249 |
Total lease expense | 23,519 | 32,098 | 41,626 |
Cash used in operating activities | 6,799 | 8,265 | |
Cash used in investing activities | 0 | 0 | |
Cash used in financing activities | $ 6,447 | $ 11,055 | $ 10,138 |
Finance lease, weighted average remaining lease term | 0 years | 9 months 18 days |
Leases - Undiscounted Cash Flow
Leases - Undiscounted Cash Flows of Operating Lease and Finance Lease (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract] | ||
2023 | $ 7,309 | |
2024 | 5,654 | |
2025 | 4,295 | |
2026 | 3,794 | |
2027 | 3,467 | |
2028 and thereafter | 461 | |
Total minimum lease payments | 24,980 | |
Amount representing interest | (2,562) | |
Present value of future minimum lease payments | 22,418 | |
Less: current portion | (6,336) | $ (4,997) |
Long-term lease liabilities | $ 16,082 | $ 20,352 |
Accrued Liabilities - Schedule
Accrued Liabilities - Schedule of Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Payables and Accruals [Abstract] | ||
Accrued marketing and selling costs | $ 16,116 | $ 37,883 |
Accrued payroll and payroll related expenses | 11,214 | 15,829 |
Accrued sales tax and related costs | 7,178 | 8,769 |
Other | 31,429 | 59,585 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ 65,937 | $ 122,066 |
Income Taxes - Narrative (Detai
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Provision for income tax expense (benefit) | $ (642) | $ 1,268 | $ 3,122 |
Valuation allowance | 311,195 | $ 288,506 | |
Domestic Tax Authority | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Operating loss carryforwards, tax effected | 97,785 | ||
State and Local Jurisdiction | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Operating loss carryforwards, tax effected | 42,801 | ||
Foreign Tax Authority | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Operating loss carryforwards, tax effected | $ 7,090 |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Loss
Income Taxes - Schedule of Loss Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Domestic | $ (265,403) | $ (320,870) | $ (269,211) |
Foreign | (13,092) | (13,512) | (6,166) |
Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) | $ (278,495) | $ (334,382) | $ (275,377) |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Inco
Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Tax Provision (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Current: | |||
Federal | $ 441 | $ 258 | $ 1,169 |
State | 379 | 359 | 642 |
Foreign | (1,113) | (12) | 1,253 |
Current income tax provision (benefit) | (293) | 605 | 3,064 |
Deferred: | |||
Federal | 0 | 0 | 0 |
State | (485) | 80 | 58 |
Foreign | 136 | 583 | 0 |
Deferred income tax provision (benefit) | (349) | 663 | 58 |
Total income tax provision (benefit) | $ (642) | $ 1,268 | $ 3,122 |
Income Taxes - Schedule of In_2
Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
U.S. federal income tax statutory rate | 21% | 21% | 21% |
Income attributable to noncontrolling interest and non taxable income | (13.40%) | (13.00%) | (13.20%) |
State income tax, net of federal benefit | 0.10% | (0.10%) | (0.10%) |
Losses for which no benefit has been recognized | (9.70%) | (12.50%) | (0.40%) |
Foreign rate differential | 0% | 0.20% | (0.10%) |
Uncertain tax position | (0.10%) | (0.10%) | (0.50%) |
Change in investment in partnership | 2.30% | 4.10% | (7.80%) |
Effective income tax rate | 0.20% | (0.40%) | (1.10%) |
Income Taxes - Schedule of Defe
Income Taxes - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Deferred tax assets: | ||
Deferred revenue | $ 260 | $ 369 |
Accruals and reserves | 6,976 | 4,411 |
Net operating loss carryforwards | 147,676 | 111,413 |
Basis in partnership | 157,867 | 173,092 |
Gross deferred tax assets | 312,779 | 289,285 |
Valuation allowance | (311,195) | (288,506) |
Net deferred tax assets | 1,584 | 779 |
Deferred tax liabilities: | ||
Depreciation and amortization | (1,587) | (814) |
Other | (435) | (757) |
Gross deferred tax liabilities | (2,022) | (1,571) |
Net deferred tax liabilities | $ (438) | $ (792) |
Income Taxes - Reconciliation o
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward] | ||
Balance at beginning of year | $ 2,928 | $ 2,555 |
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years | 0 | 0 |
Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years | 0 | 0 |
Increases for tax positions taken in current year | 421 | 438 |
Decreases for settlements with taxing authorities | 0 | 0 |
Decreases for lapsing of the statute of limitations | (53) | (65) |
Balance at end of year | $ 3,296 | $ 2,928 |
Income Taxes - Tax Receivable A
Income Taxes - Tax Receivable Agreement (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Sep. 16, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
LLC units acquired in the period | $ 1,001,000 | ||
Tax Receivable Agreement | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Expected income tax benefit from remaining cash savings percentage | 15% | ||
Tax Receivable Agreement | Affiliated Entity | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Related party transaction rate | 85% | ||
Tax Receivable Agreement, Payment To Members | Affiliated Entity | |||
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items] | |||
Payments to related parties | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of De
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Debt and Capital Lease Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
Finance lease obligations | $ 0 | $ 10,997 |
Total debt | 849,379 | 740,970 |
Less current portion | 0 | (10,997) |
Total long-term debt | 849,379 | 729,973 |
Convertible Debt | 2026 Convertible Senior Notes | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
Long-term debt | 734,155 | 729,973 |
Unamortized financing costs | 13,345 | 17,527 |
Line of Credit | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
Long-term debt | 115,224 | $ 0 |
Unamortized financing costs | $ 2,516 |
Long-Term Debt - 2026 Convertib
Long-Term Debt - 2026 Convertible Senior Notes (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
Feb. 11, 2021 | Feb. 09, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Feb. 04, 2021 | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||
Share price (USD per share) | $ 12.90 | |||||
Deferred loan cost amortization | $ 5,897,000 | $ 5,148,000 | $ 4,407,000 | |||
Payments to fund equity transactions | $ 69,518,000 | |||||
Convertible Senior Notes Due 2026 | Convertible Debt | ||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||
Debt instrument, face amount | $ 650,000,000 | |||||
Interest rate, stated percentage | 0% | |||||
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price (USD per share) | $ 18.06 | |||||
Debt instrument, convertible, beneficial conversion feature, percentage | 40% | |||||
Deferred financing costs | $ 21,391,000 | |||||
Deferred loan cost amortization | $ 4,267,000 | $ 3,811,000 | ||||
Debt instrument, debt default, period when payment due of special interest | 30 days | |||||
Debt Instrument, debt default, period to cure default | 3 days | |||||
Debt instrument, debt default, written notice period | 60 days | |||||
Debt instrument, debt default, amount outstanding threshold | $ 50,000 | |||||
Debt instrument, debt default, percent of aggregate principal amount | 25% | |||||
Debt instrument, debt default, period of special interest payments to meet covenants | 180 days | |||||
Debt instrument, debt default, period of special interest payments to meet covenants, maximum interest rate | 0.50% | |||||
Convertible Senior Notes Due 2026, Option Notes | Convertible Debt | ||||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||
Debt instrument, face amount | $ 97,500,000 | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of debt | $ 27,500,000 | $ 70,000,000 |
Long-Term Debt - HPS Credit Fac
Long-Term Debt - HPS Credit Facility (Details) - USD ($) | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Apr. 27, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2022 | May 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Deferred loan cost amortization | $ 5,897,000 | $ 5,148,000 | $ 4,407,000 | |||
2022 HPS Credit Facility | Convertible Debt | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Deferred financing costs | $ 5,426,000 | |||||
Unused loan commitment amount | $ 2,713,000 | |||||
Deferred loan cost amortization | 219,000 | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2020 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | SDC U.S. SmilePay SPV | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Debt term | 5 years | |||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 400,000,000 | |||||
Debt discount | $ 12,000,000 | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 140,400,000 | 140,400,000 | ||||
Debt discount | 10,200,000 | 10,200,000 | ||||
Payable in kind interest percentage | 3.75% | |||||
Interest rate | 2% | |||||
Interest rate base rate | 9.75% | |||||
Commitment fee percentage | 2.75% | |||||
Proceeds from line of credit | 60,000 | |||||
Guarantor guarantee, percentage | 10% | |||||
Receivables collateralized | 181,161,000 | 181,161,000 | ||||
Line of credit | 126,388,000 | 126,388,000 | ||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Basis spread on variable rate | 10.75% | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | Fed Funds Effective Rate Overnight Index Swap Rate | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Basis spread on variable rate | 0.50% | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | Minimum | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Interest rate, stated percentage | 1% | |||||
Revolving Credit Facility | 2022 HPS Credit Facility | Line of Credit | SDC U.S. SmilePay SPV | ||||||
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||||
Debt term | 42 months | |||||
Maximum borrowing capacity | $ 255,000 | 255,000,000 | 255,000,000 | |||
Cash reserve deposit required and made | 13,000 | $ 12,000 | $ 12,000 | |||
Debt instrument, covenant minimum m,onthly liquidity | $ 50,000,000 |
Long-Term Debt - HPS Warrants (
Long-Term Debt - HPS Warrants (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | May 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |
Exercise price of warrants (USD per share) | $ / shares | $ 7.11 |
Fair value of warrants | $ | $ 17,620 |
Common Class A | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |
Warrants outstanding (in shares) | shares | 3,889,575 |
Common Class A, Common Class B, And Warrants | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |
Warrants as a percentage of outstanding common stock and warrants | 1% |
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of _2
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Debt Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
2023 | $ 0 | |
2024 | 0 | |
2025 | 126,388 | |
2026 | 747,500 | |
Total | 873,888 | $ 747,500 |
2022 HPS Credit Facility | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
2023 | 0 | |
2024 | 0 | |
2025 | 126,388 | |
2026 | 0 | |
Total | 126,388 | |
Convertible Debt | 2026 Convertible Senior Notes | ||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
2023 | 0 | |
2024 | 0 | |
2025 | 0 | |
2026 | 747,500 | |
Total | $ 747,500 |
Noncontrolling Interests (Detai
Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - shares | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | |
SDC Financial, LLC | ||
Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||
Economic ownership interest | 31.70% | |
Common Class A | ||
Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 124,785,562 | 119,280,781 |
Variable Interest Entities (Det
Variable Interest Entities (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary | |
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items] | |
Ownership percentage | 100% |
Incentive Compensation Plans -
Incentive Compensation Plans - Class A Common Stock Options - Narrative (Details) - 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2022 award_type shares | Aug. 31, 2019 shares | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||
Number of award types | award_type | 2 | |
Granted (in shares) | 0 | |
Common Class A | ||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares) | 38,486,295 |
Incentive Compensation Plans _2
Incentive Compensation Plans - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details) - 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Number of Options | ||
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) | 1,664,122 | 1,664,122 |
Granted (in shares) | 0 | |
Exercised (in shares) | 0 | |
Expired (in shares) | 0 | |
Forfeited (in shares) | (276,631) | |
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) | 1,387,491 | |
Exercisable at end of period (in shares) | 1,387,491 | |
Weighted Average Exercise Price | ||
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ 22.70 | $ 22.70 |
Granted (in dollars per share) | 0 | |
Exercised (in dollars per share) | 0 | |
Expired (in dollars per share) | 0 | |
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | 23 | |
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) | 22.91 | |
Exercisable at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ 22.91 | |
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Number of Years) | ||
Weighted average contractual term, outstanding | 7 years 8 months 12 days | 6 years 7 months 6 days |
Weighted average remaining contractual term, exercisable | 6 years 7 months 6 days | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | 0 | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2022 | $ 0 |
Incentive Compensation Plans _3
Incentive Compensation Plans - Incentive Bonus Awards - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
Aug. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Share-based payment arrangement, expense | $ 26,608 | $ 44,628 | $ 44,903 | ||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Incentive Bonus Awards | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award vesting period | 5 years | ||||
Award accelerated vesting, percent settled in cash | 50% | ||||
Award accelerated vesting, percent of cash award, withheld for taxes | 80% | ||||
Award accelerated vesting, percent of total vested award | 40% | ||||
Share-based payment arrangement, expense | $ 316,959 | ||||
RSUs to be released (in shares) | 2,199,453 | ||||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Incentive Bonus Awards | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan | Minimum | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award vesting period | 2 years | ||||
Award requisite service period | 6 months | ||||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Incentive Bonus Awards | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan | Maximum | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award vesting period | 4 years | ||||
Award requisite service period | 24 months | ||||
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Incentive Bonus Awards | 2019 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan | Common Class A | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award accelerated vesting, percent settled through stock issuance | 50% | ||||
Shares issued, after forfeiture (in shares) | 5,654,078 | ||||
Restricted Stock Units | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
RSUs to be released (in shares) | 4,837,161 | 27,131,831 | 4,837,161 | ||
Restricted Stock Units | Minimum | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award vesting period | 2 years | ||||
Restricted Stock Units | Maximum | |||||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
Award vesting period | 4 years |
Incentive Compensation Plans _4
Incentive Compensation Plans - Non-IBA Restricted Stock Units - Narrative (Details) - Restricted Stock Units - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Granted (in shares) | 29,333,175 | 4,333,642 | 1,900,605 |
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ 2.15 | $ 11 | $ 9.07 |
Unrecognized compensation expense | $ 53,709 | ||
Weighted average period, expected expense recognition | 2 years 8 months 12 days | ||
Minimum | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Award vesting period | 2 years | ||
Maximum | |||
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
Award vesting period | 4 years |
Incentive Compensation Plans _5
Incentive Compensation Plans - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units - $ / shares | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward] | |||
RSUs outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) | 4,837,161 | ||
Granted (in shares) | 29,333,175 | 4,333,642 | 1,900,605 |
Vested (in shares) | (1,697,096) | ||
Cancelled (in shares) | (5,341,409) | ||
RSUs outstanding at end of period (in shares) | 27,131,831 | 4,837,161 | |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||
RSUs outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ 15.53 | ||
Granted (in dollars per share) | 2.15 | $ 11 | $ 9.07 |
Vested (in dollars per share) | 12.54 | ||
Cancelled (in dollars per share) | 4.32 | ||
RSUs outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ 2.63 | $ 15.53 |
Incentive Compensation Plans _6
Incentive Compensation Plans - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - Narrative (Details) - Employee Stock - Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 1 Months Ended |
Nov. 30, 2019 shares | |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Number of shares authorized (in shares) | 5,772,944 |
Option period | 6 months |
Maximum employee subscription rate | 30% |
Purchase price of common stock, as a percent of the closing market price | 85% |
Incentive Compensation Plans _7
Incentive Compensation Plans - Equity-Based Compensation Expense - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||
Share-based payment arrangement, expense | $ 26,608 | $ 44,628 | $ 44,903 |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Sum
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Summary of Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Numerator: | ||||
Net loss | $ (277,853) | $ (335,650) | $ (278,499) | |
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | $ (200,133) | (191,449) | (233,208) | (200,133) |
Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - basic | (86,404) | (102,442) | (78,366) | |
Add: Reallocation of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests from the assumed exchange of LLC Units for Class A common stock | (191,449) | (233,208) | (200,133) | |
Net loss attributable to SDC Inc. - diluted | $ (277,853) | $ (335,650) | $ (278,499) | |
Denominator: | ||||
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic (in shares) | 121,312,580 | 118,360,801 | 109,854,360 | |
Add: Dilutive effects as shown separately below | ||||
LLC Units that are exchangeable for Class A common stock (in shares) | 268,898,405 | 269,415,089 | 275,346,082 | |
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted (in shares) | 390,210,985 | 387,775,890 | 385,200,442 | |
Basic (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.71) | |
Diluted (USD per share) | $ (0.71) | $ (0.87) | $ (0.72) |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Ant
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation of Earnings per Share (Details) - shares | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Options | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 1,387,491 | 1,664,122 | 1,679,339 |
Restricted Stock Units | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 27,131,831 | 4,837,161 | 3,819,882 |
Warrants | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 3,889,575 | 3,889,575 | 3,889,575 |
Shares issuable under the Notes (if converted method) | |||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) | 41,389,822 | 41,389,822 | 0 |
Employee Benefit Plans (Details
Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Company contribution for 401(k) | $ 2,900 | $ 3,141 | $ 3,202 |
Threshold One | |||
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Employer match | 100% | 100% | 100% |
Employer matching contribution, percent of Employees' gross pay | 3% | 3% | |
Threshold Two | |||
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Employer match | 50% | 50% | |
Threshold Two | Minimum | |||
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Employer matching contribution, percent of Employees' gross pay | 3% | 3% | |
Threshold Two | Maximum | |||
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Employer matching contribution, percent of Employees' gross pay | 5% | 5% |
Related Party Transactions (Det
Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||
Feb. 29, 2020 | Aug. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
SDC Financial, LLC | |||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||
Distribution declared | $ 43,400 | ||||
Private Aircraft | |||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||
Purchases from related party | $ 3,400 | ||||
Law Firm of Immediate Family Member of Director of the Company | |||||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||||
Management fees paid to affiliate | $ 7,469 | $ 5,806 | $ 5,790 |
Commitments and Contingencies (
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Sep. 16, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2022 | |
Minimum | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Estimated potential income tax expense, VAT assessment | $ 0 | |
Maximum | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Estimated potential income tax expense, VAT assessment | $ 29,900 | |
Tax Receivable Agreement | Affiliated Entity | ||
Loss Contingencies [Line Items] | ||
Related party transaction rate | 85% |
Segment Reporting - Narrative (
Segment Reporting - Narrative (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2022 | |
North America | Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Geographic Concentration Risk | |
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items] | |
Concentration risk, percentage | 83.90% |
Segment Reporting - Revenues (D
Segment Reporting - Revenues (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | $ 470,743 | $ 637,611 | |
Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) | (278,495) | (334,382) | $ (275,377) |
Depreciation and amortization | 74,395 | 70,113 | 56,390 |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets | 1,289 | 1,481 | 25,457 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 0 | 47,631 | $ 13,781 |
Adjusted EBITDA | (134,613) | (133,204) | |
EBITDA Reconciliation | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 74,395 | 70,113 | |
Interest expense | 17,961 | 23,154 | |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets | 1,289 | 1,481 | |
Restructuring and other related costs | 19,668 | 3,798 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 47,631 | ||
Equity-based compensation | 26,608 | 44,628 | |
Other non-operating general and administrative losses (gains) | 3,961 | 10,373 | |
North America | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 395,076 | 525,366 | |
Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) | (211,100) | (236,177) | |
Adjusted EBITDA | (92,725) | (65,073) | |
North America | EBITDA Reconciliation | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 62,786 | 57,734 | |
Interest expense | 17,887 | 22,920 | |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets | 93 | 1,301 | |
Restructuring and other related costs | 15,041 | 1,323 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 47,585 | ||
Equity-based compensation | 23,026 | 37,429 | |
Other non-operating general and administrative losses (gains) | (458) | 2,812 | |
Rest of World | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Revenue | 75,667 | 112,245 | |
Net loss before provision for income tax expense (benefit) | (67,395) | (98,205) | |
Adjusted EBITDA | (41,888) | (68,131) | |
Rest of World | EBITDA Reconciliation | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 11,609 | 12,379 | |
Interest expense | 74 | 234 | |
Lease abandonment and impairment of long-lived assets | 1,196 | 180 | |
Restructuring and other related costs | 4,627 | 2,475 | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | 46 | ||
Equity-based compensation | 3,582 | 7,199 | |
Other non-operating general and administrative losses (gains) | $ 4,419 | $ 7,561 |
Supplemental Cash Flow - Schedu
Supplemental Cash Flow - Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021 | Dec. 31, 2020 | |
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract] | |||
Interest paid | $ 13,617 | $ 18,035 | $ 30,900 |
Income taxes paid | 1,224 | 0 | 0 |
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable | $ 4,955 | $ 13,094 | $ 11,809 |